Reflections on Mr. Varillas's history of the revolutions that have happned in Europe in matters of religion and more particularly on his ninth book that relates to England / by G. Burnet ...
         Burnet, Gilbert, 1643-1715.
      
       
         
           1686
        
      
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             Reflections on Mr. Varillas's history of the revolutions that have happned in Europe in matters of religion and more particularly on his ninth book that relates to England / by G. Burnet ...
             Burnet, Gilbert, 1643-1715.
          
           203, [1] p.
           
             Printed for P. Savouret ...,
             Amsterdam :
             1686.
          
           
             Pages 168-203 photographed from British Library copy and inserted at the end.
             Errata: p. [1] at end of Huntington Library copy.
             Reproduction of original in Huntington Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           Varillas, -- Monsieur -- (Antoine), 1624-1696. -- Histoire des revolutions arrivées dans l'Europe en matiere de religion.
           Reformation -- England.
           Europe -- Church history.
           Europe -- History -- 1517-1648.
           Great Britain -- Religion -- 17th century.
        
      
    
     
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           REFLECTIONS
           On
           Mr.
           VARILLAS's
           HISTORY
           Of
           the
           Revolutions
           that
           have
           happned
           in
           Europe
           in
           matters
           of
           Religion
           .
        
         
           And
           more
           particularly
           on
           his
           Ninth
           Book
           that
           relates
           to
           England
           .
        
         
           By
           G.
           BURNET
           ,
           D.
           D.
           
        
         
           Amsterdam
           ,
           
             Printed
             for
             P.
          
           Savouret
           
             in
             the
          
           Warmoes-street
           
             near
             the
          
           Dam.
           1686.
           
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
         
           REFLECTIONS
           On
           Mr.
           VARILLAS's
           HISTORY
           of
           the
           Revolutions
           that
           have
           happned
           in
           Europe
           in
           matters
           of
           Religion
           ,
           and
           more
           particularly
           on
           his
           9
           th
           Book
           that
           relates
           to
           England
           .
        
         
           MR
           .
           Varillas
           has
           within
           a
           few
           Years
           given
           the
           World
           so
           many-Books
           of
           History
           ,
           and
           these
           have
           been
           so
           much
           read
           and
           so
           well
           received
           ,
           that
           it
           seems
           he
           thinks
           he
           is
           now
           so
           far
           possessed
           of
           the
           esteem
           of
           the
           Age
           ,
           that
           he
           may
           venture
           to
           impose
           upon
           it
           the
           falsest
           coyn
           that
           can
           be
           struck
           ,
           not
           doubting
           but
           that
           the
           
           name
           Varillas
           stampt
           upon
           it
           will
           make
           it
           pass
           current
           ,
           and
           this
           being
           a
           time
           in
           which
           some
           have
           thought
           that
           they
           might
           doe
           whatsoever
           they
           pleased
           against
           those
           of
           the
           Religion
           ,
           he
           it
           seems
           thinks
           he
           may
           likewise
           say
           whatsoever
           he
           pleased
           against
           them
           ,
           that
           so
           there
           may
           be
           a
           due
           proportion
           between
           the
           injuries
           that
           he
           does
           them
           with
           his
           pen
           ,
           and
           those
           that
           others
           make
           them
           feel
           with
           severer
           tools
           ,
           and
           perhaps
           he
           thought
           the
           severities
           that
           are
           now
           exercised
           upon
           them
           ,
           are
           so
           contrary
           to
           that
           tenderness
           with
           which
           the
           humane
           Nature
           ,
           not
           to
           say
           the
           Christian
           Religion
           ,
           is
           apt
           to
           inspire
           all
           that
           are
           not
           transported
           with
           such
           violent
           Passions
           that
           they
           drown
           the
           Motions
           
           of
           our
           bowels
           towards
           the
           miserable
           ,
           that
           nothing
           could
           divert
           the
           World
           from
           those
           merciful
           inclinations
           but
           the
           dressing
           up
           the
           first
           beginnings
           of
           the
           Reformation
           in
           such
           odious
           representations
           as
           might
           possess
           the
           Age
           with
           so
           much
           fury
           against
           them
           ,
           that
           none
           of
           the
           miseries
           that
           they
           suffer
           ,
           might
           create
           the
           least
           Compassion
           for
           them
           .
        
         
           It
           is
           true
           ,
           Princes
           have
           their
           Prerogatives
           with
           which
           they
           take
           great
           liberties
           as
           their
           several
           passions
           are
           excited
           and
           dextrously
           managed
           ,
           the
           desire
           of
           glory
           mixing
           with
           a
           heat
           of
           blood
           ,
           at
           one
           time
           can
           produce
           a
           w●r
           ,
           as
           terrible
           in
           its
           consequences
           ,
           as
           it
           was
           injustifiable
           in
           its
           first
           beginnings
           ,
           and
           the
           
           same
           ambition
           mixing
           with
           a
           superstitious
           disposition
           of
           mind
           ,
           and
           working
           upon
           colder
           Blood
           ,
           can
           at
           another
           time
           produce
           a
           violation
           of
           Edicts
           that
           have
           been
           solemnly
           sworn
           to
           ,
           and
           often
           confirmed
           ,
           and
           accompany
           that
           with
           a
           sequel
           of
           Severities
           ,
           that
           are
           more
           easily
           lamented
           than
           expressed
           ;
           yet
           an
           humble
           regard
           to
           the
           sublime
           character
           of
           a
           Crown'd
           Head
           lays
           a
           restraint
           on
           those
           Groans
           ,
           which
           we
           would
           rather
           stifle
           than
           give
           them
           their
           full
           scope
           ,
           least
           the
           language
           of
           our
           Sorrows
           look
           like
           an
           accusing
           of
           those
           ,
           whom
           ,
           after
           all
           that
           our
           brethren
           have
           suffered
           at
           their
           hands
           ,
           we
           would
           still
           force
           our selves
           to
           reverence
           ,
           and
           therfore
           we
           choose
           rather
           to
           support
           our
           grief
           ,
           than
           to
           vent
           it
           at
           
           their
           cost
           .
           But
           small
           Scriblers
           ,
           who
           have
           set
           a
           price
           upon
           their
           pens
           ,
           and
           sacrifice
           our
           reputation
           ,
           that
           they
           may
           merite
           a
           pension
           at
           the
           hands
           of
           the
           chief
           Instruments
           of
           our
           Brethrens
           sufferings
           ,
           are
           not
           to
           look
           for
           such
           respect
           :
           he
           that
           fights
           against
           the
           Laws
           of
           War
           ought
           to
           expect
           no
           quarter
           when
           he
           is
           taken
           .
        
         
           A
           Historian
           that
           favours
           his
           own
           side
           ,
           is
           to
           be
           forgiven
           ,
           thô
           he
           puts
           a
           little
           too
           much
           life
           in
           his
           colours
           ,
           when
           he
           sets
           out
           the
           best
           sides
           of
           his
           party
           ,
           and
           the
           worst
           of
           those
           from
           whom
           he
           disfers
           :
           and
           if
           he
           but
           slightly
           touches
           the
           failings
           of
           his
           Friends
           ,
           and
           severely
           aggravates
           those
           of
           the
           other
           side
           ,
           thô
           in
           this
           he
           departs
           from
           the
           laws
           of
           an
           exact
           Historian
           ,
           yet
           this
           biass
           
           is
           so
           natural
           ,
           that
           if
           it
           lessens
           the
           credit
           of
           the
           Writer
           ,
           yet
           it
           does
           not
           blacken
           him
           ,
           but
           if
           he
           has
           no
           regard
           either
           to
           truth
           or
           decency
           ,
           if
           he
           gives
           his
           imagination
           a
           full
           scope
           to
           invent
           ,
           and
           his
           pen
           all
           the
           liberties
           of
           foul
           language
           ,
           he
           ought
           not
           to
           think
           it
           strange
           ,
           if
           others
           take
           some
           pains
           to
           expose
           him
           to
           the
           World.
           And
           thô
           their
           Conscience
           and
           Religion
           obliges
           them
           to
           take
           other
           measures
           with
           relation
           to
           Truth
           ,
           and
           their
           Breeding
           engages
           them
           to
           a
           strict
           modesty
           of
           Stile
           ,
           yet
           if
           the
           things
           that
           are
           said
           are
           as
           severe
           as
           they
           are
           true
           ,
           and
           as
           wounding
           as
           they
           may
           appear
           soft
           ,
           it
           is
           nothing
           but
           what
           a
           Zeal
           for
           Truth
           ,
           and
           an
           Indignation
           at
           so
           much
           ill-managed
           injustice
           draws
           from
           them
           .
        
         
         
           It
           is
           not
           to
           be
           denied
           that
           Mr.
           Varillas
           has
           an
           art
           of
           writing
           that
           is
           entertaining
           he
           pretends
           to
           discover
           many
           Secrets
           to
           give
           pictures
           of
           Men
           to
           the
           life
           ,
           and
           to
           interweave
           the
           Histories
           that
           he
           relates
           with
           a
           thread
           of
           Politiques
           that
           is
           very
           agreable
           ,
           only
           this
           appears
           to
           be
           overdone
           ,
           and
           those
           who
           have
           had
           much
           practice
           in
           humane
           Affairs
           see
           that
           the
           conduct
           of
           the
           World
           is
           not
           so
           steady
           and
           so
           regular
           a
           thing
           as
           he
           loves
           to
           represent
           it
           ,
           unlookt
           for
           Accidents
           ,
           the
           caprices
           of
           some
           Tempers
           ,
           the
           secrets
           of
           Amours
           and
           Jealousies
           ,
           with
           other
           particular
           Passions
           are
           the
           true
           sources
           of
           almost
           all
           that
           is
           transacted
           in
           the
           World
           ;
           even
           Interest
           it self
           does
           not
           always
           govern
           Mankind
           ,
           but
           Humour
           and
           Passion
           
           have
           their
           turns
           ,
           and
           oft
           times
           the
           largest
           share
           in
           humane
           affairs
           .
           So
           that
           I
           ever
           thought
           that
           his
           books
           had
           too
           much
           of
           the
           air
           of
           a
           Romance
           ,
           and
           seemed
           too
           fine
           to
           be
           true
           .
           He
           does
           indeed
           now
           and
           then
           ,
           to
           maintain
           his
           Reputation
           in
           his
           Reader
           's
           mind
           ,
           vouch
           some
           letter
           or
           narrative
           ,
           but
           he
           neither
           tells
           whither
           it
           is
           in
           Print
           ,
           or
           in
           Manuscript
           ,
           or
           where
           he
           had
           it
           ,
           and
           where
           others
           may
           find
           it
           :
           so
           this
           way
           of
           Citation
           looked
           suspitious
           ,
           yet
           I
           could
           not
           easily
           take
           up
           such
           hard
           thoughts
           of
           him
           as
           to
           imagine
           ,
           that
           all
           this
           was
           his
           own
           Invention
           :
           but
           being
           in
           Paris
           last
           Summer
           ,
           I
           had
           the
           good
           fortune
           to
           become
           acquainted
           with
           some
           men
           of
           great
           probity
           ,
           and
           that
           had
           particularly
           applied
           themselves
           to
           examine
           the
           History
           of
           France
           
           with
           great
           exactness
           ;
           they
           were
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           Rome
           ,
           and
           seemed
           to
           have
           no
           other
           dislike
           at
           
             Mr.
             Varillas
          
           ,
           but
           that
           which
           was
           occasioned
           by
           the
           liberty
           ,
           that
           he
           had
           given
           himself
           ,
           to
           writ
           his
           own
           Imaginations
           for
           true
           Histories
           they
           assured
           me
           there
           was
           no
           regard
           to
           be
           had
           to
           any
           thing
           that
           he
           writ
           ,
           that
           he
           had
           gathered
           together
           many
           little
           stories
           ,
           which
           he
           knit
           together
           as
           he
           pleased
           ,
           and
           that
           without
           any
           good
           Authority
           :
           and
           they
           told
           me
           that
           the
           greatest
           number
           of
           the
           pieces
           he
           cited
           were
           to
           be
           found
           now
           here
           but
           in
           his
           own
           fancy
           .
           In
           a
           word
           ,
           they
           spoke
           of
           all
           his
           books
           with
           a
           sharpness
           of
           stile
           ,
           and
           a
           degree
           of
           contempt
           ,
           that
           I
           will
           not
           repeat
           ,
           least
           I
           seem
           to
           come
           too
           near
           his
           forms
           of
           speech
           ,
           which
           are
           the
           
           worst
           Patterns
           that
           one
           can
           follow
           .
        
         
           I
           found
           he
           was
           generally
           so
           much
           decried
           in
           Paris
           ,
           that
           he
           has
           reason
           to
           say
           in
           his
           Preface
           ,
           
             that
             when
             the
             Archbishop
             of
          
           Paris
           
             thought
             on
             him
             ,
             all
             the
             World
             had
             abandoned
             him
             ,
          
           for
           I
           did
           not
           find
           any
           Man
           under
           a
           more
           universal
           Contempt
           than
           he
           was
           ,
           and
           the
           esteem
           in
           which
           his
           Works
           were
           held
           in
           Forreign
           Parts
           far
           beyond
           what
           was
           paied
           them
           in
           France
           ,
           was
           imputed
           to
           his
           Method
           of
           Writing
           ,
           that
           wants
           none
           of
           the
           beauties
           of
           History
           except
           that
           of
           Truth
           ,
           and
           to
           the
           Ignorance
           in
           which
           Strangers
           live
           as
           to
           the
           Particulars
           of
           their
           History
           .
           It
           is
           true
           ,
           at
           last
           he
           has
           found
           a
           Patron
           and
           a
           Pension
           ,
           and
           now
           he
           has
           given
           us
           an
           Essay
           of
           his
           Merits
           ;
           
           but
           if
           this
           Work
           is
           examined
           severely
           ,
           he
           will
           very
           probably
           soon
           lose
           his
           appointments
           ;
           since
           mercenary
           Pens
           are
           seldom
           paied
           longer
           than
           they
           can
           be
           useful
           .
           Here
           one
           finds
           so
           much
           occasion
           for
           censure
           ,
           that
           whereas
           in
           other
           Books
           one
           must
           run
           up
           and
           down
           to
           find
           matter
           for
           a
           Critical
           Judgment
           ,
           here
           it
           occurs
           so
           copiously
           that
           a
           Man
           must
           take
           care
           not
           to
           surfeit
           his
           Reader
           with
           too
           much
           of
           it
           ;
           and
           therefore
           must
           choose
           out
           the
           more
           remarkable
           Errours
           and
           there
           are
           even
           so
           many
           of
           these
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           to
           be
           feared
           that
           the
           World
           will
           not
           think
           him
           not
           his
           Writings
           worth
           the
           time
           and
           the
           pains
           that
           must
           be
           bestowed
           on
           them
           .
        
         
           Mr.
           Maimbourg
           has
           set
           a
           Pattern
           to
           the
           World
           ,
           that
           thô
           few
           
           wil
           care
           to
           imitate
           ,
           yet
           it
           has
           taken
           so
           much
           with
           the
           present
           Age
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           no
           light
           indication
           of
           its
           degeneracy
           ,
           when
           surch
           books
           are
           so
           much
           read
           and
           sold
           ,
           in
           which
           the
           Writer
           seems
           to
           have
           so
           broken
           loose
           from
           all
           the
           common
           measures
           either
           of
           honesty
           or
           shame
           ,
           that
           one
           would
           wonder
           of
           what
           composition
           he
           were
           made
           ,
           if
           they
           did
           not
           know
           that
           he
           has
           lived
           50
           ▪
           years
           the
           in
           Iesuite
           Order
           :
           for
           as
           he
           has
           no
           regard
           to
           truth
           ,
           or
           likelyhood
           in
           what
           he
           writs
           ,
           so
           he
           seems
           to
           be
           proof
           against
           the
           evidentest
           discoveries
           of
           his
           prevarications
           that
           are
           possible
           ;
           and
           when
           they
           are
           laid
           open
           in
           a
           manner
           capable
           of
           making
           any
           man
           besides
           himself
           to
           blush
           ,
           he
           neither
           has
           the
           conscience
           to
           confess
           
           his
           errours
           ,
           nor
           the
           sense
           of
           honour
           to
           justify
           himself
           :
           but
           he
           finds
           out
           still
           new
           matter
           to
           writ
           on
           ,
           and
           a
           new
           stock
           of
           Champaigne
           wine
           ,
           as
           I
           have
           been
           told
           ,
           that
           he
           has
           oft
           said
           ,
           to
           make
           his
           blood
           boil
           till
           he
           has
           spoild
           an
           other
           piece
           of
           History
           ;
           and
           he
           thinks
           a
           scornfull
           period
           or
           two
           in
           a
           Preface
           is
           enough
           to
           carry
           off
           all
           the
           shame
           to
           which
           his
           errours
           ought
           to
           condemn
           him
           .
           He
           has
           also
           the
           Impudence
           to
           dedicate
           his
           books
           to
           the
           King
           ,
           and
           the
           world
           is
           still
           willing
           to
           be
           cosened
           by
           him
           .
           This
           trade
           has
           succeeded
           so
           well
           with
           him
           ,
           that
           it
           seems
           Mr.
           Varillas
           vies
           with
           him
           in
           it
           ,
           and
           as
           he
           has
           the
           chaster
           stile
           ,
           and
           the
           more
           natural
           way
           of
           misleading
           his
           Reader
           ,
           so
           he
           has
           resolved
           not
           to
           be
           behind
           him
           in
           a
           bold
           quality
           
           that
           I
           love
           not
           to
           set
           down
           by
           its
           proper
           Name
           .
           But
           thô
           Mr.
           Varillas
           has
           the
           art
           to
           refine
           upon
           the
           pattern
           that
           Mr.
           Maimbourg
           set
           him
           ,
           yet
           Mr.
           Maimbourg
           is
           the
           Author
           of
           the
           Invention
           ,
           and
           therefore
           he
           deserves
           the
           better
           Pension
           .
        
         
           History
           is
           a
           sort
           of
           Trade
           in
           which
           false
           Coyn
           and
           false
           Weights
           are
           more
           criminal
           than
           in
           other
           Matters
           ;
           because
           the
           Errour
           may
           go
           further
           and
           run
           longer
           :
           thô
           these
           Authors
           colour
           their
           copper
           too
           slightly
           to
           make
           it
           keep
           its
           credit
           long
           .
           If
           Men
           think
           there
           are
           degrees
           of
           Lying
           ,
           then
           certainly
           those
           that
           are
           the
           most
           loudly
           told
           ,
           that
           wound
           the
           deepest
           ,
           that
           are
           told
           with
           the
           best
           grace
           ,
           and
           that
           are
           transmitted
           to
           Posterity
           under
           the
           deceitful
           
           colours
           of
           Truth
           ,
           have
           the
           blackest
           Guilt
           ;
           but
           some
           Men
           have
           arrived
           at
           equal
           degrees
           in
           hardning
           their
           Consciences
           and
           in
           steeling
           their
           Forheads
           ,
           and
           are
           without
           the
           reach
           either
           of
           inward
           Remorses
           or
           publick
           Discoveries
           ;
           so
           that
           as
           Augustus
           fancied
           there
           was
           a
           charm
           in
           the
           Pillour
           of
           a
           Roman
           ,
           that
           died
           hugely
           indebted
           ,
           since
           without
           an
           extraordinary
           saporiferous
           composition
           he
           could
           not
           fancy
           how
           such
           a
           Man
           could
           sleep
           securely
           ;
           so
           if
           humane
           Nature
           did
           not
           often
           produce
           some
           very
           irregular
           Individuals
           ,
           a
           Man
           that
           feels
           the
           Authority
           that
           Truth
           and
           Modesty
           have
           ever
           a
           pure
           mind
           ,
           can
           not
           easily
           imagine
           by
           what
           secret
           others
           can
           quite
           extinguish
           those
           Inclinations
           which
           
           he
           finds
           are
           so
           prevalent
           in
           himself
           .
           But
           I
           will
           now
           by
           Mr.
           Varillas's
           leave
           take
           the
           liberty
           to
           set
           before
           him
           some
           of
           his
           most
           conspicuous
           errours
           ,
           and
           thô
           I
           do
           not
           expect
           much
           sincerity
           from
           himself
           ,
           yet
           I
           hope
           the
           world
           will
           be
           juster
           than
           he
           has
           shewed
           himself
           to
           be
           .
        
         
           Mr.
           Varillas
           begins
           his
           History
           with
           a
           view
           of
           the
           progress
           of
           that
           which
           he
           calls
           Heresy
           ,
           in
           a
           Prophetick
           stile
           ,
           setting
           ,
           forth
           what
           effects
           it
           was
           to
           produce
           ,
           as
           if
           he
           were
           foretelling
           what
           was
           to
           fall
           out
           ,
           and
           that
           for
           11.
           pages
           (
           according
           to
           the
           Impression
           of
           Amsterdam
           )
           this
           has
           so
           little
           of
           the
           air
           of
           a
           Historian
           ,
           and
           is
           so
           full
           of
           the
           figures
           of
           a
           Declaimer
           ,
           that
           it
           looks
           liker
           the
           strain
           of
           a
           heated
           and
           angry
           Fryer
           ,
           than
           of
           a
           grave
           
           and
           serious
           Writer
           of
           History
           ,
           who
           ought
           to
           be
           always
           in
           cold
           blood
           ,
           and
           ought
           not
           to
           let
           the
           heats
           of
           a
           vitious
           Rhetorick
           transport
           him
           .
           But
           this
           is
           so
           like
           one
           of
           the
           forced
           raptures
           of
           some
           Missionary
           ,
           that
           one
           would
           think
           it
           was
           writ
           either
           by
           one
           of
           them
           ,
           or
           for
           one
           of
           them
           .
           It
           is
           much
           a
           safer
           thing
           to
           prophecy
           concerning
           matters
           that
           are
           past
           ,
           than
           concerning
           those
           that
           are
           to
           come
           ,
           and
           one
           is
           less
           in
           danger
           of
           committing
           errours
           ;
           yet
           when
           heat
           enters
           into
           matters
           of
           History
           ,
           and
           meets
           with
           so
           vast
           a
           deal
           of
           Ignorance
           as
           is
           that
           of
           Mr.
           Varillas
           ,
           no
           wonder
           if
           it
           carries
           him
           into
           great
           errours
           .
        
         
           If
           Mr.
           Varillas
           had
           gathered
           the
           History
           of
           the
           last
           Age
           out
           of
           any
           
           Books
           or
           out
           of
           those
           Letters
           tha●
           he
           so
           often
           vouches
           ,
           
           he
           could
           not
           have
           said
           that
           
             Edward
             th●
             6th's
          
           Tutor
           or
           Governour
           was
           the
           Duke
           of
           Northumberland
           ,
           since
           there
           is
           not
           any
           one
           Book
           writ
           concerning
           that
           Time
           ,
           that
           does
           not
           shew
           the
           contrary
           .
           The
           Duke
           of
           Somerset
           was
           his
           Governour
           ,
           and
           for
           the
           Duke
           of
           Northumberland
           ,
           thô
           the
           last
           two
           Years
           of
           that
           Reign
           ,
           in
           which
           that
           King
           was
           past
           the
           Age
           of
           Tutelage
           ,
           he
           bore
           the
           chief
           sway
           of
           affairs
           ,
           yet
           he
           had
           neither
           the
           Character
           of
           the
           King's
           Tutor
           or
           Governour
           ,
           nor
           any
           other
           whatsoever
           ,
           but
           only
           that
           of
           a
           Privy
           Councellour
           ,
           that
           was
           much
           considered
           by
           him
           ,
           and
           he
           at
           his
           Death
           professed
           that
           he
           had
           been
           always
           a
           Catholick
           in
           his
           Heart
           ,
           
           so
           that
           his
           pretending
           to
           be
           of
           the
           Reformed
           Religion
           to
           serve
           his
           interests
           ,
           shews
           that
           he
           belongs
           no
           more
           to
           our
           Church
           ,
           than
           the
           now
           forced
           Converts
           belong
           to
           that
           of
           Rome
           .
        
         
           In
           the
           same
           page
           he
           says
           that
           Mary
           Queen
           of
           Scotland
           did
           by
           her
           Bastard
           Brother's
           persuasions
           marry
           a
           single
           Gentleman
           ,
           and
           on
           the
           Margent
           he
           gives
           his
           Name
           
             Henry
             d'
             Arley
          
           ;
           this
           is
           a
           new
           proof
           how
           little
           he
           knows
           the
           Books
           of
           the
           last
           Age.
           This
           Henry
           whom
           he
           calls
           
             d'
             Arley
          
           was
           Henry
           Lord
           Darly
           ,
           eldest
           Son
           to
           the
           Earl
           of
           Lenox
           ,
           which
           was
           one
           of
           the
           chief
           Families
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           and
           a
           Branch
           of
           the
           Family
           of
           the
           Stewarts
           .
           It
           is
           true
           it
           came
           off
           from
           it
           before
           the
           Crown
           came
           into
           it
           by
           Mariage
           ,
           
           yet
           the
           Grandfather
           of
           this
           Henry
           had
           matched
           with
           one
           that
           was
           very
           near
           the
           Crown
           ,
           and
           Cosen
           German
           to
           K.
           Iames
           the
           4th's
           and
           Sister
           to
           Hamilton
           Earl
           ;
           of
           ,
           Aran
           this
           
             Lord
             Darly's
          
           Mother
           was
           also
           Uterine
           Sister
           to
           K.
           Iames
           the
           5.
           being
           the
           Daughter
           to
           the
           Queen
           Dowager
           of
           Scotland
           that
           was
           K.
           Henry
           the
           8th's
           Sister
           ,
           who
           by
           her
           second
           mariage
           with
           the
           Earl
           of
           
             Angus
             (
             Dowglass
          
           )
           had
           Lady
           
             Isabel
             Dowglass
          
           ,
           who
           was
           bred
           in
           the
           Court
           of
           England
           ,
           and
           whom
           K.
           Henry
           the
           8.
           maried
           to
           the
           Earl
           of
           Lennox
           ,
           that
           had
           by
           her
           this
           Lord
           Darly
           ,
           who
           as
           he
           was
           the
           Queen
           of
           Scotland's
           Cosin
           German
           ,
           was
           also
           the
           next
           Heir
           to
           the
           Crown
           of
           England
           after
           her
           ,
           and
           might
           have
           been
           a
           dangerous
           Competitour
           to
           her
           in
           that
           Succession
           ,
           having
           
           been
           born
           and
           bred
           in
           England
           ,
           so
           that
           this
           mariage
           was
           so
           far
           from
           making
           her
           contemptible
           to
           her
           Subjects
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           considered
           as
           the
           wisest
           act
           of
           her
           life
           :
           and
           Mr.
           Var.
           could
           not
           Imagine
           any
           thing
           more
           honourable
           to
           the
           Earl
           of
           Morny's
           memory
           ,
           than
           to
           make
           him
           the
           adviser
           of
           so
           wise
           a
           choice
           .
           It
           is
           no
           wonder
           to
           see
           Mr.
           Var.
           make
           so
           bold
           with
           meaner
           persons
           ,
           when
           he
           takes
           so
           much
           liberty
           wiht
           the
           Royal
           Family
           of
           England
           ,
           as
           to
           stain
           their
           descent
           ,
           for
           which
           if
           the
           consideration
           of
           the
           Crowns
           they
           wear
           ,
           did
           not
           restrain
           him
           ,
           yet
           the
           particular
           regard
           to
           the
           King
           that
           now
           reigns
           ,
           ought
           to
           have
           taught
           him
           so
           much
           respect
           as
           not
           to
           have
           ventured
           to
           blot
           his
           Scutcheon
           so
           far
           as
           to
           call
           his
           Great
           
           Grandfather
           a
           single
           Gentleman
           and
           if
           he
           had
           payd
           the
           respect
           he
           owed
           to
           the
           Memory
           of
           that
           unfortunate
           Princess
           ,
           he
           had
           no●
           enlarged
           so
           much
           on
           her
           Story
           ,
           but
           I
           know
           what
           is
           due
           to
           the
           Memory
           of
           a
           crowned
           Head
           ,
           even
           when
           it
           is
           laid
           in
           ashes
           ,
           and
           thô
           he
           makes
           an
           easy
           weakness
           to
           be
           her
           prevailing
           Character
           ,
           upon
           which
           he
           would
           discharge
           all
           her
           Misfortunes
           ,
           this
           Picture
           is
           so
           different
           from
           the
           Truth
           that
           she
           was
           certainly
           one
           of
           the
           wittiest
           and
           highest
           spirited
           Women
           that
           ever
           lived
           .
        
         
           But
           it
           seems
           Mr.
           Varillas
           has
           pretended
           to
           some
           Pension
           from
           the
           Crown
           of
           England
           ,
           and
           in
           revenge
           for
           the
           disappointment
           he
           has
           resolved
           to
           debase
           the
           Race
           all
           he
           can
           .
           Here
           he
           affords
           our
           
           Kings
           the
           honour
           to
           be
           descended
           at
           least
           from
           a
           Gentleman
           ,
           
           thô
           one
           of
           the
           ordin
           ariest
           sort
           ;
           
           but
           upon
           another
           occasion
           he
           is
           not
           so
           liberal
           ,
           for
           in
           his
           History
           he
           says
           that
           Henry
           the
           8th
           had
           reasons
           to
           desire
           the
           mariage
           of
           his
           Bastard
           Son
           the
           Duke
           of
           Richmond
           with
           his
           Daughter
           Mary
           ,
           that
           were
           too
           well
           known
           ,
           for
           libels
           had
           been
           spread
           over
           all
           Europe
           ,
           reproaching
           him
           that
           his
           Great
           Grandfather
           was
           not
           a
           Gentleman
           ,
           but
           that
           by
           his
           credit
           at
           Court
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           vast
           riches
           that
           he
           had
           acquired
           ,
           he
           had
           obtained
           leave
           to
           marry
           a
           Daughter
           of
           the
           Family
           of
           the
           Plantaganets
           ,
           that
           was
           then
           16.
           degrees
           distant
           from
           the
           Crown
           ,
           and
           yet
           by
           that
           means
           his
           Grand-child
           came
           to
           reign
           ;
           upon
           which
           he
           makes
           a
           
           long
           speculation
           concerning
           the
           King's
           Reflections
           on
           that
           matter
           ,
           and
           the
           reasons
           that
           restrained
           him
           from
           writing
           on
           that
           subject
           ,
           as
           if
           it
           were
           an
           ordinary
           thing
           for
           Princes
           to
           become
           their
           own
           Heralds
           .
           He
           also
           tells
           us
           how
           he
           comforted
           himself
           by
           the
           remembrance
           of
           the
           meanness
           of
           Arbaces
           K.
           of
           Persia
           ,
           that
           was
           the
           Son
           of
           a
           Locksmith
           ,
           whose
           Posterity
           had
           reigned
           so
           long
           ,
           and
           with
           so
           much
           glory
           ,
           and
           therefore
           he
           says
           he
           designed
           to
           marry
           his
           Natural
           Son
           and
           his
           Daughter
           together
           .
           Here
           is
           such
           a
           mixture
           of
           Impertinencies
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           not
           easy
           to
           know
           at
           what
           one
           is
           to
           begin
           ,
           and
           if
           there
           were
           but
           this
           one
           period
           ,
           it
           is
           enough
           to
           let
           the
           World
           see
           ,
           how
           incapable
           Mr.
           Varillas
           is
           of
           writing
           History
           .
           
           I
           shall
           not
           in
           this
           place
           shew
           the
           falsehood
           of
           that
           Imputation
           on
           Henry
           the
           8th
           ,
           that
           he
           designed
           this
           incestuous
           Match
           ,
           for
           that
           will
           come
           in
           more
           property
           upon
           another
           occasion
           ;
           only
           if
           his
           Birth
           was
           defective
           on
           his
           Great
           Grandfathers
           side
           ,
           it
           was
           an
           odd
           method
           for
           the
           correcting
           of
           it
           ,
           to
           think
           of
           adding
           a
           new
           blot
           ,
           and
           of
           bringing
           a
           Bastard
           into
           the
           5th
           Succession
           ;
           so
           the
           reason
           is
           as
           foolish
           as
           the
           matter
           of
           fact
           is
           false
           ,
           and
           the
           Ignorance
           that
           Mr.
           Var.
           shews
           here
           is
           the
           more
           remarkable
           ,
           because
           this
           matter
           belongs
           to
           the
           most
           extraordinary
           transaction
           that
           is
           in
           the
           whole
           French
           History
           ,
           in
           which
           he
           pretends
           to
           be
           so
           conversant
           .
           I
           need
           not
           say
           any
           more
           to
           prove
           the
           Tudors
           to
           be
           Gentlemen
           ,
           but
           to
           tell
           that
           they
           
           are
           Welshmen
           ,
           of
           the
           Race
           of
           the
           Ancient
           Britons
           ,
           who
           do
           all
           pretend
           to
           the
           highest
           Birth
           of
           any
           in
           the
           English
           Nation
           ,
           and
           do
           run
           up
           their
           Pedigrees
           to
           
             Iulius
             Cesar's
          
           time
           ;
           among
           whom
           is
           the
           Race
           of
           the
           the
           Ap
           Theodore's
           or
           the
           Sons
           of
           Theodore
           ,
           that
           by
           a
           corruption
           of
           some
           Ages
           were
           called
           Tudors
           :
           but
           knows
           Mr.
           Varillas
           so
           little
           of
           the
           French
           History
           ,
           as
           to
           have
           forgot
           that
           the
           Daughter
           of
           France
           ,
           that
           was
           maried
           to
           Henry
           the
           5th
           of
           England
           ,
           in
           whose
           right
           both
           Henry
           the
           5th
           ,
           and
           her
           son
           Henry
           the
           sixth
           were
           crowned
           Kings
           of
           France
           in
           Paris
           ,
           did
           after
           King
           Henry
           the
           5th's
           death
           marry
           
             Owen
             Tudor
          
           ,
           by
           whom
           she
           had
           3.
           
           Sons
           the
           two
           eldest
           were
           made
           the
           Earls
           of
           Richmont
           and
           Pembroke
           ,
           being
           
           the
           Kings
           Uterine
           Brothers
           ,
           and
           the
           next
           heirs
           to
           that
           Title
           ,
           that
           he
           claimed
           to
           the
           Crown
           of
           France
           ,
           in
           the
           right
           of
           his
           Mother
           (
           which
           I
           am
           far
           from
           thinking
           was
           a
           good
           one
           .
           )
           This
           being
           the
           case
           ,
           it
           was
           no
           extraordinary
           thing
           for
           a
           man
           of
           the
           Earl
           of
           Richmont's
           rank
           to
           marry
           a
           Lady
           that
           was
           then
           at
           such
           a
           distance
           from
           the
           Crown
           ,
           thô
           it
           was
           only
           in
           the
           6th
           and
           not
           the
           16th
           degree
           ;
           but
           I
           do
           not
           insist
           on
           this
           ,
           because
           it
           may
           be
           only
           the
           fault
           of
           the
           Printer
           ,
           and
           I
           will
           not
           descend
           to
           a
           doubtful
           fault
           ,
           when
           I
           have
           such
           material
           ones
           in
           my
           way
           .
           I
           know
           there
           are
           a
           sort
           of
           men
           that
           are
           much
           more
           ashamed
           when
           their
           Ignorance
           is
           discovered
           ,
           than
           when
           their
           other
           vices
           are
           laid
           open
           ,
           since
           degenerate
           minds
           are
           
           more
           jealous
           of
           the
           reputation
           of
           their
           understanding
           ,
           than
           of
           their
           honour
           .
           And
           as
           Mr.
           Varillas
           is
           very
           like
           to
           be
           of
           this
           temper
           ,
           so
           if
           a
           simpathy
           with
           Mr.
           Maimbourg
           has
           not
           wrought
           him
           up
           to
           the
           like
           pitch
           of
           assurance
           ▪
           such
           discoveries
           as
           these
           ought
           to
           affect
           him
           a
           little
           ;
           and
           here
           a
           man
           is
           apt
           to
           lose
           his
           patience
           ,
           when
           he
           finds
           such
           a
           Scribler
           pretend
           to
           defame
           the
           Noblest
           blood
           in
           the
           world
           .
        
         
           There
           is
           nothing
           else
           in
           the
           first
           Prophetick
           Rhapsody
           that
           relates
           to
           our
           matters
           ,
           so
           I
           was
           inclined
           to
           go
           from
           hence
           to
           a
           more
           particular
           enquiry
           into
           our
           English
           affairs
           ,
           
           only
           the
           Ignorance
           that
           he
           discovers
           in
           the
           next
           paragraph
           is
           so
           surprising
           that
           I
           will
           bestow
           a
           short
           remark
           on
           it
           .
           He
           
           says
           ,
           that
           the
           Switzers
           were
           so
           prevailed
           on
           by
           this
           pretext
           ,
           that
           their
           separating
           themselves
           from
           the
           Roman
           Communion
           was
           the
           best
           expedient
           to
           preserve
           them
           from
           falling
           under
           the
           Dominion
           of
           the
           House
           of
           Austria
           (
           thô
           it
           is
           certain
           they
           were
           then
           in
           no
           sort
           of
           fear
           of
           that
           )
           that
           the
           four
           chief
           Cantons
           were
           seduced
           in
           less
           than
           a
           years
           time
           ;
           but
           that
           the
           seven
           little
           Cantons
           continued
           in
           the
           belief
           of
           their
           Fathers
           ,
           and
           the
           two
           midle
           sised
           Cantons
           tollerated
           equally
           both
           the
           Religions
           .
        
         
           One
           would
           have
           thought
           that
           a
           man
           that
           had
           pretended
           to
           the
           name
           of
           a
           Historian
           ,
           would
           have
           at
           least
           begun
           his
           studies
           with
           some
           small
           tast
           of
           Cosmography
           ,
           and
           would
           have
           taken
           some
           
           pains
           to
           know
           the
           Map
           ;
           and
           as
           the
           Switzers
           are
           in
           the
           neighbourhood
           of
           France
           ,
           so
           they
           have
           been
           so
           long
           the
           Allies
           of
           that
           Crown
           ,
           that
           the
           Ignorance
           of
           the
           Importance
           of
           the
           Cantons
           is
           a
           fault
           in
           one
           that
           pretends
           to
           be
           such
           an
           illuminated
           Historian
           ,
           that
           deserves
           a
           worse
           correction
           than
           I
           think
           fit
           to
           give
           it
           .
           To
           reckon
           Basle
           and
           
             Shaff
             housen
          
           among
           the
           great
           Cantons
           ,
           and
           Lucern
           among
           the
           small
           Cantons
           ,
           Solohern
           and
           Fribourg
           being
           also
           so
           considerable
           that
           some
           reckon
           them
           with
           the
           great
           Cantons
           ;
           and
           to
           put
           Glaris
           and
           Appeuzel
           in
           a
           superiour
           order
           to
           them
           that
           are
           among
           the
           smallest
           of
           the
           least
           is
           such
           a
           Complication
           of
           errours
           that
           it
           is
           not
           easy
           to
           imagine
           how
           he
           had
           the
           
           luck
           to
           fetch
           in
           so
           many
           into
           one
           period
           .
           But
           this
           is
           not
           all
           the
           Ignorance
           that
           is
           in
           it
           ;
           for
           whereas
           he
           pretends
           ,
           that
           the
           four
           Cantons
           ,
           that
           received
           the
           Reformation
           did
           it
           in
           less
           than
           a
           year
           ,
           this
           is
           so
           false
           that
           Zwinglius
           having
           begun
           to
           preach
           the
           Reformation
           in
           the
           year
           1519.
           the
           whole
           matter
           was
           examined
           in
           a
           course
           of
           several
           years
           ,
           and
           at
           last
           Zurich
           received
           the
           Reformation
           in
           the
           year
           1525.
           
           Bern
           three
           years
           after
           in
           the
           year
           1528.
           and
           Basle
           a
           year
           after
           in
           the
           year
           1529.
           as
           for
           
             Schaff
             house
          
           I
           must
           confess
           my
           Ignorance
           ,
           but
           there
           was
           at
           least
           10
           years
           interval
           in
           this
           matter
           ;
           and
           if
           Lucern
           is
           not
           so
           much
           in
           his
           favour
           ,
           because
           it
           is
           the
           Residence
           of
           the
           Spanish
           Ambassadour
           ,
           yet
           I
           cannot
           imagine
           what
           has
           
           made
           him
           degrade
           Solohern
           into
           the
           number
           of
           the
           small
           Cantons
           ,
           which
           is
           the
           Residence
           of
           the
           French
           Ambassadour
           ,
           and
           is
           reckoned
           by
           many
           among
           the
           greater
           .
           But
           it
           is
           likely
           that
           he
           knew
           nothing
           of
           all
           this
           matter
           ,
           except
           by
           report
           ,
           and
           perhaps
           he
           thought
           the
           period
           would
           run
           smoother
           to
           range
           the
           Cantons
           thus
           in
           the
           great
           ,
           in
           the
           small
           ,
           and
           the
           midle-sised
           Cantons
           ,
           and
           that
           it
           would
           also
           reflect
           on
           the
           Reformation
           as
           a
           precipitated
           change
           to
           say
           that
           4
           Cantons
           turnd
           in
           one
           year
           .
        
         
           But
           thô
           Impertinence
           is
           a
           fault
           scarce
           to
           be
           named
           ,
           when
           one
           has
           so
           many
           of
           a
           more
           criminal
           nature
           in
           his
           way
           ,
           yet
           such
           as
           are
           more
           signal
           and
           more
           advantageously
           situated
           for
           the
           
           Reader
           's
           eye
           deserve
           to
           be
           viewed
           in
           our
           passage
           ,
           with
           the
           scorn
           that
           they
           deserve
           .
           Mr.
           Varillas
           begins
           his
           3.
           book
           which
           opens
           the
           progress
           of
           Luther's
           affairs
           with
           a
           Preamble
           of
           38.
           pages
           ,
           in
           which
           he
           sets
           out
           the
           state
           of
           Europe
           at
           that
           time
           ,
           so
           copiously
           and
           with
           so
           little
           judgement
           ,
           that
           he
           bestows
           14.
           pages
           on
           the
           Conquests
           that
           Selim
           the
           Turk
           had
           made
           ,
           and
           on
           his
           defeat
           of
           the
           Mamelucks
           .
           This
           whole
           tedious
           ramble
           signifies
           nothing
           to
           Luther's
           matters
           ;
           but
           in
           short
           it
           was
           a
           secret
           to
           swell
           the
           Volume
           ,
           and
           to
           raise
           the
           price
           of
           the
           book
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           it
           must
           lessen
           the
           price
           of
           the
           Author
           ,
           who
           shews
           ,
           how
           little
           he
           understands
           where
           he
           ought
           to
           place
           his
           digressions
           .
           What
           notions
           
           does
           that
           view
           of
           every
           State
           of
           Europe
           give
           the
           world
           ,
           that
           doe
           any
           way
           prepare
           the
           Readers
           mind
           ;
           for
           what
           was
           to
           come
           after
           ,
           unless
           it
           be
           that
           Mr.
           Var.
           being
           to
           present
           a
           piece
           of
           as
           arrant
           Poëtry
           as
           any
           that
           ever
           possessed
           the
           Stage
           ,
           he
           thought
           it
           necessary
           to
           fill
           it
           at
           first
           with
           many
           Actors
           ,
           and
           to
           make
           a
           great
           appearance
           ,
           thô
           none
           of
           them
           were
           to
           act
           any
           part
           in
           his
           Play
           ?
           But
           since
           he
           will
           needs
           be
           writing
           ,
           thô
           he
           understands
           not
           the
           common-Elements
           ,
           I
           will
           take
           the
           pains
           for
           once
           to
           instruct
           him
           a
           little
           how
           he
           ought
           to
           have
           made
           this
           introduction
           ,
           since
           he
           it
           seems
           was
           resolved
           to
           begin
           with
           one
           .
        
         
           He
           ought
           then
           to
           have
           open'd
           the
           State
           of
           Europe
           with
           Relation
           to
           Religion
           and
           Learning
           ;
           he
           
           to
           have
           shewed
           what
           scandals
           the
           Popes
           and
           the
           Court
           of
           Rome
           had
           given
           ,
           what
           was
           the
           State
           of
           the
           secular
           Clergy
           ,
           the
           Ignorance
           ,
           Irregularity
           ,
           and
           vices
           of
           the
           Bishops
           ,
           and
           Curates
           ;
           what
           were
           the
           ●isorders
           and
           dissolutions
           of
           the
           Monastick
           Orders
           ,
           both
           of
           those
           that
           were
           endowed
           and
           of
           the
           Mendicants
           .
           He
           ought
           to
           have
           shewed
           in
           what
           sort
           of
           Studies
           they
           imploied
           their
           time
           ,
           and
           with
           what
           sort
           of
           Sermons
           they
           entertained
           the
           People
           :
           and
           to
           this
           he
           ought
           to
           have
           added
           somewhat
           of
           the
           State
           of
           the
           Universities
           of
           Europe
           ;
           and
           of
           the
           beginnings
           of
           Learning
           that
           were
           then
           arising
           .
           He
           ought
           to
           have
           shewed
           the
           different
           Interests
           ,
           in
           which
           the
           several
           Nations
           of
           Europe
           were
           engaged
           ,
           after
           the
           times
           
           of
           the
           Councils
           of
           Constance
           and
           Basle
           ;
           and
           to
           this
           he
           might
           have
           added
           the
           State
           of
           the
           Courts
           of
           Europe
           with
           Relation
           to
           Religion
           ,
           upon
           all
           which
           he
           might
           have
           found
           matter
           for
           a
           long
           ,
           and
           a
           much
           more
           pertinent
           Introduction
           .
           And
           to
           conclude
           ,
           he
           ought
           to
           have
           told
           the
           Dispositions
           ,
           in
           which
           the
           Peoples
           minds
           were
           ,
           as
           to
           those
           matters
           :
           and
           if
           he
           would
           needs
           make
           a
           vain
           shew
           of
           his
           faculty
           of
           telling
           of
           tales
           ,
           he
           might
           have
           set
           out
           the
           State
           of
           the
           Eastern
           Churches
           ,
           after
           the
           Treaty
           at
           the
           Council
           of
           Florence
           ,
           and
           of
           its
           effects
           ;
           of
           the
           ruine
           of
           those
           Churches
           ;
           and
           of
           the
           Ignorance
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           misery
           to
           which
           they
           were
           reduced
           by
           the
           rigour
           of
           the
           Mahometan
           yoke
           .
           It
           is
           true
           this
           was
           not
           a
           necessary
           preliminary
           
           to
           the
           bringing
           Luther
           on
           the
           Stage
           ,
           but
           it
           had
           been
           much
           less
           impertinent
           ,
           than
           a
           long
           recital
           of
           
             Sultan
             Selim's
          
           Conquests
           .
        
         
           But
           I
           am
           caried
           too
           far
           ,
           and
           hereafter
           I
           will
           confine
           my self
           to
           that
           ,
           which
           does
           more
           immediatly
           belong
           to
           me
           .
           He
           begins
           that
           part
           of
           his
           Advertisement
           ,
           that
           relates
           to
           the
           affairs
           of
           England
           ,
           with
           a
           sort
           of
           an
           Apophthegme
           worthy
           of
           him
           :
           
             he
             says
             ,
             it
             is
             without
             comparison
             more
             difficult
             to
             be
             exactly
             true
             in
             matters
             of
             Religion
             ,
             than
             in
             other
             matters
             ;
             since
             in
             those
             others
             ,
             it
             is
             only
             Interest
             and
             Passion
             that
             make
             Men
             lie
             ;
             but
             in
             matters
             of
             Religion
             Conscience
             does
             so
             entirely
             conquer
             all
             the
             powers
             of
             the
             Soul
             ,
             and
             reduces
             them
             to
             such
             a
             Slavery
             ,
             that
             it
             forces
             a
             man
             to
             write
             ,
             that
             
             which
             it
             dictates
             ,
             without
             troubling
             himself
             to
             examine
             whither
             it
             is
             true
             or
             false
             .
          
           Here
           is
           such
           a
           view
           of
           his
           Notion
           of
           Religion
           ,
           that
           how
           false
           soever
           this
           proposition
           is
           in
           it self
           ,
           yet
           it
           gives
           us
           a
           true
           light
           of
           his
           Ideas
           of
           Religion
           .
           Good
           God
           shall
           that
           principle
           ,
           which
           does
           elevate
           ,
           and
           illuminate
           our
           natures
           ,
           be
           considered
           as
           a
           more
           powerful
           depravation
           of
           them
           ,
           than
           that
           which
           flows
           either
           from
           Interest
           or
           Passion
           ?
           shall
           that
           which
           is
           the
           Image
           of
           the
           God
           of
           Truth
           ,
           and
           that
           reduces
           the
           Soul
           to
           a
           chast
           purity
           of
           Spirit
           ,
           be
           made
           the
           Author
           of
           the
           enslaving
           of
           all
           our
           powers
           ,
           and
           the
           emancipating
           us
           from
           all
           scrupulosity
           concerning
           truth
           or
           falsehood
           ?
           this
           perhaps
           is
           the
           character
           of
           Mr.
           Varillas's
           Religion
           ,
           
           thô
           those
           that
           know
           him
           well
           assure
           me
           ,
           that
           Religion
           makes
           very
           little
           impression
           on
           him
           ;
           and
           if
           that
           is
           true
           ,
           then
           his
           Apophthegme
           fails
           in
           himself
           ,
           since
           the
           Interest
           of
           a
           Pension
           ,
           and
           the
           passion
           of
           making
           himself
           acceptable
           in
           the
           present
           time
           ,
           have
           as
           entirely
           freed
           him
           from
           all
           regard
           to
           Truth
           ,
           as
           ever
           any
           false
           Principle
           of
           Religion
           did
           an
           enraged
           Zealot
           .
           It
           is
           matter
           of
           horrour
           to
           see
           Religion
           ,
           and
           Conscience
           set
           up
           as
           the
           violentest
           Corrupters
           of
           Truth
           :
           but
           we
           know
           out
           of
           what
           school
           this
           has
           sprung
           ,
           and
           it
           seems
           Mr.
           Varillas
           has
           so
           devoted
           himself
           to
           the
           Order
           of
           the
           Jesuites
           ,
           that
           he
           is
           resolved
           to
           speak
           aloud
           ,
           that
           which
           they
           more
           prudently
           think
           fit
           to
           whisper
           in
           secret
           ,
           and
           indeed
           if
           we
           
           may
           judge
           of
           him
           by
           this
           character
           ,
           that
           he
           gives
           of
           Religion
           ,
           we
           must
           conclude
           him
           to
           be
           entirely
           possessed
           with
           it
           ,
           since
           never
           Man
           seem'd
           to
           be
           less
           solicitous
           ,
           than
           he
           is
           ,
           concerning
           the
           truth
           ,
           or
           falsehood
           of
           the
           things
           ,
           that
           hoavers
           .
        
         
           He
           accuses
           me
           of
           favouring
           my
           own
           side
           too
           much
           ,
           and
           that
           if
           I
           confess
           some
           of
           King
           Henry's
           faults
           ,
           it
           is
           only
           that
           I
           may
           have
           an
           occasion
           to
           excuse
           the
           wretched
           Cranmer
           .
           This
           is
           some
           Intimation
           ,
           as
           if
           he
           had
           read
           my
           Book
           ,
           but
           I
           doe
           not
           believe
           he
           has
           done
           it
           :
           for
           thô
           I
           have
           no
           great
           opinion
           either
           of
           his
           Vertue
           ,
           or
           of
           his
           Understanding
           ;
           yet
           I
           doe
           not
           think
           ,
           he
           is
           so
           forsaken
           of
           common-sense
           ,
           and
           of
           all
           regard
           to
           his
           reputation
           ,
           as
           to
           have
           adventured
           
           to
           have
           advanced
           so
           many
           notorious
           falsehoods
           ,
           if
           he
           had
           seen
           upon
           what
           Authentical
           grounds
           I
           had
           so
           exposed
           them
           ,
           that
           I
           doe
           not
           think
           it
           possible
           even
           for
           Mr.
           Maimbourg
           himself
           after
           all
           his
           50
           years
           Noviciat
           ,
           to
           arrive
           at
           a
           confidence
           able
           to
           maintain
           them
           any
           longer
           ,
           if
           he
           had
           once
           read
           my
           Book
           ,
           and
           what
           I
           had
           writ
           was
           at
           least
           so
           important
           ,
           that
           he
           ought
           to
           have
           weakned
           the
           credit
           of
           my
           History
           ,
           by
           some
           more
           evident
           proofs
           ,
           than
           that
           of
           saying
           barely
           ,
           that
           I
           was
           extreamly
           partial
           to
           my
           own
           side
           .
           My
           book
           was
           so
           much
           read
           ,
           and
           so
           favourably
           spoken
           of
           in
           France
           these
           three
           Years
           past
           ,
           that
           in
           common
           decency
           he
           ought
           to
           have
           alledged
           somewhat
           ,
           to
           have
           justified
           his
           
           Censure
           ;
           but
           this
           manner
           of
           writing
           was
           more
           easy
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           more
           imperious
           .
           And
           if
           a
           large
           Volume
           of
           History
           supported
           with
           the
           most
           Authentick
           proofs
           ,
           that
           has
           ever
           yet
           perhaps
           accompanied
           any
           Book
           of
           that
           sort
           ,
           is
           to
           be
           thus
           shaken
           off
           ,
           it
           is
           a
           vain
           thing
           to
           write
           Books
           for
           Men
           of
           Mr.
           Varillas's
           temper
           .
        
         
           This
           had
           been
           more
           pertinent
           ,
           if
           he
           had
           voucht
           for
           it
           a
           report
           ,
           which
           was
           so
           spread
           over
           Paris
           ,
           that
           I
           had
           received
           advices
           of
           it
           from
           several
           hands
           ,
           of
           a
           design
           in
           which
           ,
           as
           was
           reported
           ,
           a
           Clergy-man
           was
           engaged
           that
           has
           many
           excellent
           qualities
           ,
           to
           which
           Mr.
           Varillas
           seems
           to
           be
           a
           great
           Stranger
           ,
           for
           he
           has
           both
           great
           application
           ,
           and
           much
           sincerity
           .
           He
           has
           searcht
           with
           great
           exactness
           
           that
           vast
           Collection
           of
           Mss.
           that
           relate
           to
           the
           last
           Age
           ,
           which
           are
           laid
           up
           in
           the
           King's
           Library
           ,
           and
           he
           had
           found
           so
           many
           things
           relating
           to
           England
           ,
           that
           he
           intended
           to
           publish
           a
           Volume
           of
           Memoires
           relating
           to
           our
           Affairs
           :
           he
           had
           also
           said
           ,
           that
           in
           some
           things
           he
           would
           enlarge
           himself
           more
           copiously
           than
           I
           had
           done
           ,
           and
           that
           in
           other
           things
           he
           must
           differ
           from
           me
           .
           Matters
           generally
           grow
           bigger
           by
           being
           oft
           told
           ,
           so
           this
           was
           given
           out
           as
           a
           design
           to
           write
           a
           Counter-History
           ,
           which
           should
           overthrow
           all
           the
           credit
           that
           my
           Work
           had
           got
           .
           But
           upon
           my
           coming
           to
           Paris
           ,
           I
           found
           some
           sincere
           enquirers
           into
           truth
           ,
           and
           who
           by
           consequence
           are
           Men
           that
           have
           no
           value
           for
           Mr.
           Varillas
           ,
           who
           intended
           to
           bring
           us
           together
           
           that
           we
           might
           in
           an
           amicable
           manner
           reason
           the
           matter
           be
           foresome
           of
           our
           common
           Friends
           ▪
           and
           both
           of
           us
           seemed
           to
           be
           so
           well
           disposed
           to
           sacrifice
           all
           to
           truth
           ,
           that
           two
           Persons
           of
           such
           Eminence
           ,
           that
           they
           can
           receive
           no
           honour
           by
           the
           most
           advantageous
           Characters
           that
           I
           can
           give
           them
           ,
           who
           were
           Mr.
           Thevenot
           and
           Mr.
           Auzont
           ,
           did
           procure
           us
           a
           meeting
           in
           the
           King's
           Library
           ,
           and
           in
           their
           presence
           .
           In
           which
           the
           Abbot
           as
           he
           discovered
           a
           vast
           memory
           ,
           great
           exactness
           and
           much
           sincerity
           ,
           so
           he
           confessed
           that
           he
           had
           no
           exceptions
           to
           the
           main
           parts
           of
           my
           History
           ;
           he
           mentioned
           some
           things
           of
           less
           moment
           ,
           in
           all
           which
           I
           gave
           not
           only
           our
           two
           learned
           Arbiters
           ,
           but
           even
           himself
           full
           satisfaction
           ,
           so
           
           that
           I
           quickly
           perceived
           I
           had
           to
           doe
           with
           a
           man
           of
           honour
           .
           He
           insisted
           most
           on
           the
           judgment
           of
           the
           Sorbonne
           against
           K.
           Henry's
           Mariage
           ,
           which
           is
           not
           in
           their
           Registers
           .
           But
           I
           was
           certainly
           informed
           by
           a
           Dr.
           of
           the
           Sorbonne
           that
           their
           Registers
           are
           extreamly
           defective
           ,
           and
           that
           many
           of
           their
           Books
           are
           lost
           .
           He
           alledged
           a
           letter
           to
           K.
           Henry
           that
           he
           had
           seen
           ,
           telling
           him
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           to
           be
           feared
           that
           he
           might
           be
           displeased
           with
           the
           decision
           of
           the
           Sorbonne
           ,
           and
           that
           it
           might
           doe
           him
           more
           hurt
           than
           good
           ,
           which
           Letter
           bearing
           s
           after
           the
           decision
           that
           I
           have
           printed
           ,
           does
           not
           seem
           to
           agree
           with
           it
           .
           To
           this
           I
           answered
           ,
           that
           all
           the
           other
           decisions
           of
           Universities
           being
           given
           simply
           in
           the
           King's
           
           favours
           ,
           and
           that
           of
           the
           Sorbonne
           bearing
           only
           ,
           that
           the
           Majority
           had
           declared
           for
           him
           ,
           this
           left
           ablot
           upon
           the
           matter
           ,
           since
           when
           the
           opposition
           is
           inconsiderable
           ,
           decisions
           are
           given
           in
           the
           Name
           of
           the
           whole
           Body
           ;
           but
           the
           mention
           of
           the
           Majority
           imported
           ,
           that
           there
           was
           a
           great
           opposition
           made
           ,
           which
           ,
           thô
           it
           was
           not
           supported
           by
           a
           number
           equal
           to
           the
           other
           ,
           yet
           was
           so
           considerable
           ,
           as
           to
           lessen
           very
           much
           the
           credit
           of
           the
           Decision
           .
           To
           this
           I
           added
           ,
           that
           K.
           Henry's
           printing
           this
           the
           Year
           after
           it
           was
           given
           ,
           and
           none
           ever
           accusing
           that
           piece
           of
           Forgery
           ,
           Card.
           Pool
           on
           the
           contrary
           acknowledging
           that
           he
           was
           in
           Paris
           when
           it
           was
           obtained
           ,
           these
           were
           undeniable
           Evidences
           of
           its
           genuinness
           ,
           
           to
           which
           he
           answered
           by
           a
           hearty
           acknowledgment
           ,
           that
           he
           had
           seen
           another
           Letter
           ,
           in
           which
           the
           detail
           of
           the
           whole
           Proceeding
           of
           the
           Sorbonne
           is
           set
           down
           ;
           and
           ,
           as
           I
           remember
           ,
           there
           were
           but
           one
           or
           two
           more
           than
           the
           Majority
           ,
           that
           opined
           on
           the
           King's
           side
           ;
           but
           the
           rest
           were
           in
           different
           Classes
           .
           Some
           suspended
           their
           opinions
           :
           others
           ,
           thô
           they
           condemned
           the
           Mariage
           ,
           yet
           did
           not
           think
           it
           could
           be
           broken
           ,
           since
           it
           was
           once
           made
           :
           and
           some
           were
           positively
           of
           the
           Pope's
           side
           .
           In
           end
           ,
           after
           some
           hours
           discours
           ,
           in
           which
           all
           the
           Company
           was
           fully
           satisfied
           with
           the
           Answers
           that
           I
           gave
           ,
           he
           concluded
           ,
           that
           as
           he
           had
           seen
           many
           more
           Letters
           relating
           to
           that
           matter
           than
           I
           had
           done
           ,
           so
           if
           I
           
           thought
           fit
           ,
           he
           would
           furnish
           me
           with
           a
           Volume
           of
           Authentical
           proofs
           for
           what
           I
           had
           writ
           ,
           greater
           than
           that
           which
           I
           had
           already
           printed
           .
           And
           these
           were
           the
           Letters
           of
           the
           French
           Ambassadours
           ,
           that
           were
           in
           King
           Henry
           the
           8th's
           Court
           ,
           that
           are
           in
           the
           King's
           Library
           ;
           but
           I
           did
           not
           stay
           long
           enough
           in
           Paris
           to
           procure
           this
           .
        
         
           Now
           what
           those
           Letters
           of
           Cardinal
           Bellays
           are
           ,
           upon
           which
           Mr.
           Varillas
           pretends
           to
           found
           his
           Relation
           ,
           I
           cannot
           imagine
           .
           For
           as
           he
           came
           not
           to
           act
           in
           this
           matter
           till
           the
           last
           step
           of
           it
           ;
           so
           his
           Letters
           cannot
           carry
           any
           long
           Series
           of
           this
           affair
           in
           them
           ,
           and
           they
           must
           be
           far
           from
           giving
           those
           long
           excursions
           ,
           into
           which
           Mr.
           Varillas
           always
           delights
           to
           wonder
           .
           And
           ,
           as
           I
           remember
           ,
           
           I
           was
           in
           particular
           told
           ,
           that
           those
           Letters
           were
           in
           the
           King's
           Library
           ,
           and
           so
           ,
           since
           all
           that
           was
           there
           ,
           agreed
           with
           my
           History
           ,
           this
           must
           pass
           among
           those
           hardy
           Citations
           of
           Authors
           ,
           that
           Mr.
           Varillas
           is
           apt
           to
           make
           ,
           to
           give
           credit
           to
           his
           Inventions
           .
        
         
           He
           flourishes
           a
           little
           to
           shew
           some
           small
           reading
           ,
           but
           he
           is
           as
           unhappy
           in
           that
           ,
           as
           in
           other
           things
           .
           He
           mentions
           Cambden
           ,
           as
           having
           writ
           the
           History
           of
           that
           Revolution
           with
           some
           more
           moderation
           ,
           than
           he
           is
           pleased
           to
           allow
           me
           ;
           but
           he
           says
           ,
           he
           does
           so
           constantly
           favour
           the
           Calvinists
           ,
           in
           prejudice
           of
           those
           that
           he
           calls
           Catholicks
           ,
           that
           one
           needs
           only
           read
           the
           first
           page
           ,
           that
           turns
           up
           to
           him
           ,
           in
           any
           part
           of
           his
           History
           ,
           to
           be
           convinced
           of
           it
           .
           This
           
           is
           a
           very
           good
           proof
           that
           Mr.
           Varillas
           never
           opened
           any
           one
           page
           of
           Cambden
           ;
           Since
           he
           does
           not
           write
           of
           that
           Revolution
           .
           For
           he
           begins
           his
           History
           with
           Q.
           Elisabeth's
           Reign
           ,
           and
           says
           no
           more
           of
           what
           went
           before
           her
           time
           ,
           than
           what
           amounts
           to
           a
           very
           short
           hint
           of
           her
           Birth
           and
           Education
           ,
           and
           a
           general
           Introduction
           into
           her
           Reign
           ;
           and
           that
           History
           is
           writ
           with
           so
           much
           judgment
           and
           impartiality
           ,
           that
           as
           it
           acquired
           the
           Author
           the
           friendship
           and
           esteem
           of
           that
           eminent
           Historian
           Mr.
           
             du
             Thou
          
           ;
           so
           he
           after
           Cambden's
           Death
           published
           the
           second
           Volume
           ,
           from
           the
           Manuscript
           that
           the
           Author
           had
           sent
           him
           .
           If
           the
           discovery
           of
           a
           great
           many
           Rebellions
           and
           Conspiracies
           against
           the
           Person
           of
           
           that
           famous
           Queen
           is
           that
           ,
           which
           disgusts
           Mr.
           Varillas
           at
           that
           History
           ,
           it
           is
           because
           his
           Religion
           has
           so
           enslaved
           his
           Conscience
           ,
           that
           he
           is
           so
           little
           concerned
           in
           Truth
           or
           Falsehood
           ,
           as
           not
           to
           be
           able
           to
           endure
           one
           of
           the
           gravest
           Writers
           ,
           that
           this
           Age
           has
           produced
           ,
           because
           he
           could
           not
           avoid
           the
           Recital
           of
           those
           many
           Crimes
           ,
           that
           some
           of
           the
           Men
           of
           Mr.
           Varillas's
           principles
           as
           to
           Religion
           were
           not
           afraid
           to
           commit
           .
           After
           this
           he
           mentions
           another
           of
           our
           Historians
           ,
           whom
           he
           calls
           Dr.
           Morton
           ,
           and
           to
           make
           his
           Reader
           know
           that
           he
           is
           acquainted
           with
           the
           History
           of
           his
           Life
           ,
           he
           tells
           us
           he
           was
           afterwards
           a
           Bishop
           ;
           but
           this
           is
           one
           of
           the
           Authors
           of
           his
           invention
           ,
           for
           thô
           we
           had
           a
           Doctor
           Morton
           ,
           that
           was
           
           Bishop
           of
           Durham
           ,
           and
           that
           died
           about
           30
           years
           ago
           ;
           yet
           he
           writ
           no
           History
           .
           By
           the
           Character
           that
           Mr.
           Varillas
           gives
           this
           pretended
           Author
           ,
           that
           he
           was
           more
           moderate
           than
           Cambden
           ,
           I
           fancy
           he
           is
           mistaken
           in
           the
           Name
           ,
           and
           that
           he
           would
           say
           Dr.
           Heylin
           ,
           thô
           this
           Name
           and
           Morton
           have
           no
           affinity
           ;
           but
           Heylin
           was
           no
           Bishop
           :
           it
           is
           true
           ,
           Dr.
           Heylin
           has
           writ
           so
           moderately
           ,
           that
           some
           have
           been
           severe
           upon
           him
           for
           it
           ;
           but
           I
           will
           make
           no
           other
           Reflections
           on
           this
           ,
           unless
           it
           be
           to
           shew
           the
           slightness
           of
           Mr.
           Varillas's
           way
           of
           writing
           ,
           who
           it
           is
           likely
           had
           heard
           one
           talk
           at
           the
           same
           time
           both
           concerning
           Dr.
           Morton
           and
           Dr.
           Heylin
           ,
           and
           he
           in
           his
           assuming
           way
           ,
           pretends
           upon
           this
           to
           give
           a
           Character
           of
           
           that
           History
           ,
           putting
           the
           Name
           Morton
           for
           Heylin
           ;
           but
           he
           never
           read
           a
           Word
           of
           Dr.
           Heylin
           ,
           thô
           in
           his
           daring
           way
           ,
           he
           pretends
           to
           give
           his
           Character
           ;
           and
           repents
           himself
           of
           the
           praise
           of
           Moderation
           that
           he
           had
           given
           in
           preference
           to
           Cambden
           ,
           and
           sets
           it
           out
           as
           an
           artifice
           ,
           since
           whereas
           Cambden
           blames
           always
           the
           pretended
           Catholicks
           without
           any
           mitigations
           ,
           Morton
           in
           blaming
           them
           counterfeits
           some
           pity
           for
           them
           ,
           that
           is
           to
           say
           ,
           he
           had
           some
           degrees
           of
           Mr.
           Varillas's
           Character
           of
           Religion
           .
           But
           Dr.
           Heylin's
           History
           being
           writ
           only
           in
           English
           ,
           and
           it
           having
           never
           been
           translated
           either
           into
           Latin
           or
           French
           ,
           Mr.
           Varillas
           cannot
           give
           a
           Character
           of
           it
           from
           his
           own
           knowledg
           .
        
         
         
           From
           our
           side
           he
           goes
           to
           the
           Writers
           of
           the
           Roman
           side
           ,
           and
           begins
           with
           another
           essay
           of
           his
           exactness
           to
           his
           principles
           of
           Religion
           .
           For
           he
           says
           ,
           Sanders
           writ
           so
           violently
           ,
           that
           it
           vvas
           no
           vvonder
           if
           the
           Protestants
           caried
           their
           revenge
           so
           far
           ,
           as
           to
           force
           him
           to
           die
           of
           hunger
           ,
           in
           the
           Mountains
           of
           the
           North
           of
           England
           ,
           to
           vvhich
           he
           had
           retired
           .
           Here
           are
           only
           three
           capital
           Errours
           :
           for
           1.
           
           Sanders's
           Book
           ,
           concerning
           the
           English
           Schisme
           ,
           vvas
           not
           published
           till
           after
           his
           Death
           ,
           so
           that
           this
           could
           give
           no
           occasion
           for
           so
           severe
           a
           revenge
           .
           2.
           
           Sanders
           did
           not
           die
           in
           the
           North
           of
           England
           ,
           but
           in
           
             Ireland
             .
             3.
             
             Sanders
          
           vvas
           sent
           over
           by
           the
           Pope
           to
           raise
           and
           conduct
           a
           Rebellion
           in
           Ireland
           ,
           for
           vvhich
           he
           had
           immediate
           povvers
           from
           
           the
           Pope
           .
           He
           was
           so
           active
           ,
           that
           he
           brought
           an
           Army
           together
           ,
           which
           was
           defeated
           by
           the
           Queen's
           Forces
           :
           and
           upon
           that
           he
           fled
           into
           a
           Wood
           ,
           where
           he
           was
           ,
           some
           days
           after
           ,
           found
           dead
           .
           So
           that
           having
           received
           no
           Wounds
           ,
           it
           was
           believed
           he
           died
           of
           Hunger
           .
           This
           being
           the
           state
           of
           that
           affair
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           related
           of
           all
           sides
           ,
           is
           not
           Mr.
           Varillas
           a
           very
           creditable
           Author
           ,
           who
           has
           the
           brow
           to
           report
           it
           as
           he
           does
           ?
           For
           the
           Character
           that
           he
           gives
           of
           Ribadeneira
           ,
           it
           is
           so
           embroiled
           ,
           that
           I
           do
           not
           think
           it
           worth
           the
           vvhile
           to
           examine
           it
           .
           It
           is
           enough
           to
           say
           that
           Ribadeneira
           is
           a
           Jesuite
           ,
           that
           is
           to
           say
           ,
           a
           Man
           true
           to
           Mr.
           Varillas
           his
           Character
           of
           Religion
           ,
           and
           his
           History
           is
           nothing
           but
           Sanders
           drest
           up
           in
           another
           
           Method
           .
           I
           speak
           of
           that
           which
           is
           in
           Latin
           ,
           for
           the
           Spanish
           ,
           I
           have
           never
           seen
           it
           .
           For
           Lesley
           he
           is
           generally
           a
           grave
           and
           wise
           Writer
           ,
           but
           Mr.
           Varillas
           names
           him
           ,
           because
           some
           body
           had
           told
           him
           ,
           that
           one
           of
           such
           a
           name
           had
           writ
           of
           those
           matters
           ,
           otherwise
           he
           had
           never
           cited
           him
           with
           relation
           to
           English
           Affairs
           ,
           which
           he
           scarce
           ever
           mentions
           ,
           but
           as
           they
           happned
           to
           be
           intermixt
           with
           the
           Scotsh
           .
        
         
           In
           conclusion
           ,
           Mr.
           Varillas
           pretends
           to
           depend
           upon
           Cardinal
           Bellay's
           Letters
           ,
           and
           so
           he
           thinks
           here
           is
           enough
           to
           settle
           ,
           in
           the
           spirit
           of
           his
           Reader
           ,
           a
           firm
           beleef
           of
           all
           that
           he
           intends
           to
           write
           ;
           but
           let
           him
           tell
           the
           World
           where
           they
           are
           to
           be
           found
           ,
           since
           the
           printed
           Volume
           contains
           nothing
           
           of
           the
           matters
           ,
           that
           he
           pretends
           to
           cite
           from
           him
           .
           And
           since
           I
           have
           printed
           so
           many
           of
           the
           Original
           Letters
           of
           that
           Time
           ,
           and
           have
           told
           the
           Reader
           where
           they
           are
           to
           be
           found
           ,
           I
           will
           expect
           the
           like
           from
           him
           ,
           otherwise
           let
           him
           cite
           them
           as
           long
           as
           he
           will
           ,
           I
           will
           take
           the
           liberty
           to
           tell
           him
           that
           I
           do
           not
           believe
           him
           .
           And
           I
           think
           ,
           that
           by
           this
           time
           I
           have
           given
           him
           sufficient
           reasons
           for
           excusing
           my
           Incredulity
           ,
           in
           matters
           that
           he
           gives
           us
           upon
           his
           own
           word
           .
           Here
           is
           enough
           for
           a
           preliminary
           .
           But
           I
           am
           affraid
           I
           grow
           heavy
           to
           my
           Reader
           ;
           and
           that
           by
           this
           time
           he
           is
           so
           fully
           satisfied
           concerning
           the
           principles
           both
           of
           Mr.
           Varillas's
           Religion
           ,
           and
           his
           morals
           ,
           that
           he
           begins
           to
           lose
           patience
           ,
           when
           
           he
           sees
           how
           far
           I
           am
           like
           to
           carry
           him
           in
           a
           more
           copious
           discovery
           .
           But
           there
           are
           a
           sort
           of
           men
           ,
           that
           must
           be
           severely
           repressed
           :
           and
           there
           are
           some
           times
           ,
           in
           which
           even
           a
           fool
           is
           to
           be
           answered
           according
           to
           his
           folly
           .
           Yet
           I
           will
           so
           far
           manage
           my
           Reader
           ,
           as
           not
           to
           overcharge
           him
           too
           much
           :
           therefore
           as
           to
           many
           of
           those
           Political
           digressions
           ,
           that
           Mr.
           Var.
           makes
           upon
           the
           Interest
           of
           
             England
             ,
             France
          
           and
           Spain
           ,
           I
           will
           pass
           them
           quite
           over
           ,
           as
           the
           whipped
           cream
           that
           he
           sets
           before
           his
           Reader
           .
           Some
           of
           them
           are
           not
           unpleasant
           ,
           if
           they
           were
           proposed
           as
           considerations
           ,
           which
           might
           perhaps
           have
           had
           their
           weight
           :
           but
           his
           averring
           them
           confidently
           is
           not
           to
           be
           excused
           ,
           they
           might
           pass
           in
           a
           kind
           of
           a
           Book
           of
           Politicks
           as
           a
           
           refining
           upon
           the
           actions
           of
           Princes
           ;
           but
           this
           way
           of
           writing
           is
           by
           no
           means
           to
           be
           allowed
           in
           History
           ,
           since
           it
           is
           without
           any
           sort
           of
           evidence
           ,
           and
           History
           ought
           to
           relate
           things
           as
           we
           find
           they
           really
           were
           designed
           ,
           and
           transacted
           ;
           and
           not
           as
           we
           imagine
           they
           ought
           or
           might
           have
           been
           .
           I
           am
           now
           entring
           upon
           a
           subject
           ,
           in
           which
           it
           will
           be
           much
           more
           easy
           for
           me
           to
           say
           too
           much
           ,
           than
           too
           little
           :
           for
           Mr.
           Varillas
           commits
           so
           many
           Errours
           ,
           that
           thô
           I
           am
           resolved
           to
           let
           lesser
           matters
           pass
           unregarded
           ,
           yet
           I
           find
           so
           many
           in
           my
           way
           ,
           which
           require
           a
           discovery
           ,
           that
           I
           am
           engaged
           in
           a
           task
           as
           ingrateful
           to
           my self
           ,
           as
           it
           must
           be
           severe
           upon
           him
           .
        
         
           
             1.
             
             He
             begins
             with
             an
             assurance
             ,
             
             that
             all
             the
             rest
             of
             Wiclef's
             
             Heresy
             were
             so
             entirely
             rooted
             out
             of
             England
             ,
             that
             the
             whole
             Nation
             ,
             without
             excepting
             one
             single
             Person
             ,
             was
             of
             the
             same
             Religion
             during
             the
             Reign
             of
             Henry
             the
             7th
             .
          
        
         
           I
           am
           not
           now
           near
           the
           Records
           of
           that
           time
           ,
           but
           in
           my
           History
           I
           have
           shewed
           by
           the
           Records
           of
           K.
           Henry
           the
           8th's
           Reign
           ,
           that
           in
           the
           year
           1511.
           which
           was
           but
           two
           years
           after
           Henry
           the
           7th's
           Death
           ,
           there
           remain
           yet
           in
           the
           Registers
           of
           the
           See
           of
           Canterbury
           the
           Processes
           of
           41
           Persons
           ,
           of
           whom
           7
           were
           condemned
           for
           Hereticks
           ,
           and
           delivered
           to
           the
           Secular
           Arm
           ,
           and
           the
           rest
           had
           the
           weakness
           to
           abjure
           :
           and
           from
           this
           hint
           one
           must
           conclude
           ,
           that
           Mr.
           Varillas
           had
           no
           knowledg
           of
           our
           Affairs
           ;
           but
           he
           
           thought
           the
           Period
           was
           rounder
           ,
           and
           the
           air
           of
           writing
           was
           more
           assuming
           ,
           when
           he
           asserted
           that
           the
           whole
           Nation
           ,
           without
           excepting
           one
           single
           Person
           ,
           was
           of
           the
           same
           Religion
           .
           The
           Opinions
           ,
           objected
           to
           those
           Persons
           ,
           shew
           ,
           that
           the
           Reformation
           found
           a
           disposition
           in
           the
           Nation
           ,
           to
           receive
           it
           by
           the
           Doctrines
           which
           were
           entertained
           by
           many
           in
           it
           :
           For
           the
           chief
           of
           them
           are
           ,
           that
           the
           Sacrement
           of
           the
           Altar
           was
           not
           Christ's
           Body
           ,
           but
           material
           Bread
           :
           That
           Images
           ought
           not
           to
           be
           worshipped
           :
           That
           Pilgrimages
           were
           neither
           necessary
           nor
           profitable
           :
           and
           that
           we
           ought
           not
           to
           address
           our
           Prayers
           to
           Saints
           ,
           but
           only
           to
           God.
           
        
         
           But
           since
           this
           may
           be
           thought
           
           only
           a
           flourish
           of
           Mr.
           Varillas's
           Pen
           ,
           I
           go
           to
           other
           matters
           ,
           in
           which
           it
           cannot
           be
           denied
           that
           a
           greater
           exactness
           was
           necessary
           .
        
         
           
             2.
             
             He
             lays
             down
             for
             a
             foundation
             to
             all
             that
             was
             to
             come
             after
             ,
             
             that
             P.
             Arthur
             was
             very
             unhealthy
             ,
             when
             he
             was
             married
             .
             That
             he
             was
             recovering
             out
             of
             a
             great
             Disease
             ,
             of
             which
             he
             died
             5
             Months
             after
             .
             It
             is
             true
             ,
             he
             does
             acknowledg
             ,
             that
             three
             Words
             in
             the
             Bull
             ,
             that
             was
             granted
             for
             the
             subsequent
             Marriage
             ,
             seem
             to
             import
             ,
             that
             this
             Marriage
             was
             consummated
             :
             yet
             he
             takes
             the
             Word
             of
             the
             other
             Historians
             ,
             and
             repeats
             this
             of
             P.
             Arthur's
             ill
             Health
             so
             often
             ,
             that
             he
             hoped
             ,
             it
             seems
             ,
             by
             that
             means
             
             to
             make
             his
             Reader
             swallow
             it
             down
             easily
             .
          
        
         
           Here
           he
           had
           writ
           a
           little
           more
           artificially
           ,
           if
           he
           had
           set
           over
           against
           this
           ,
           on
           the
           Margent
           some
           citation
           of
           a
           Letter
           ,
           or
           Recital
           ,
           vvhich
           vvould
           have
           cost
           him
           nothing
           ,
           and
           have
           been
           full
           as
           true
           ,
           as
           his
           other
           citations
           are
           .
           Many
           Witnesses
           that
           vvere
           examined
           upon
           Oath
           ,
           deposed
           before
           the
           Legates
           ,
           vvhen
           this
           matter
           vvas
           examined
           ,
           that
           P.
           Arthur
           vvas
           of
           a
           good
           Complexion
           ,
           vigorous
           and
           robust
           ,
           when
           he
           vvas
           married
           ;
           that
           he
           bedded
           vvith
           his
           Princess
           every
           night
           :
           and
           the
           Decay
           of
           vvhich
           he
           died
           ,
           vvas
           ascribed
           to
           his
           too
           early
           Mariage
           .
           And
           of
           this
           Mr.
           Varillas
           takes
           some
           notice
           ,
           vvithout
           reflecting
           on
           the
           consequence
           ,
           that
           the
           Reader
           
           might
           naturally
           draw
           from
           it
           ;
           
           for
           he
           says
           ,
           K.
           Henry
           the
           7th
           delayed
           the
           marrying
           of
           his
           second
           Son
           6
           years
           after
           he
           had
           obtained
           the
           Bull
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           Death
           of
           his
           eldest
           Son
           made
           him
           apprehend
           the
           loss
           of
           his
           second
           Son
           ;
           if
           he
           married
           him
           so
           young
           .
           And
           thô
           he
           intervveaves
           a
           Politick
           reflection
           ,
           according
           to
           his
           vvay
           ,
           that
           is
           to
           say
           impertinently
           ,
           and
           says
           ,
           if
           this
           fear
           vvas
           not
           altogether
           just
           ;
           yet
           since
           K.
           Henry
           the
           7th
           had
           no
           other
           Son
           ,
           it
           vvas
           not
           altogether
           unreasonable
           .
           But
           it
           is
           obvious
           that
           this
           is
           altogether
           impertinent
           ,
           if
           P.
           Arthur's
           Mariage
           vvent
           no
           further
           than
           a
           publick
           Ceremony
           .
           But
           there
           are
           other
           circumstances
           that
           overthrovv
           this
           ,
           as
           much
           as
           a
           thing
           that
           is
           of
           its
           nature
           secret
           ,
           is
           capable
           
           of
           being
           disproved
           .
           It
           is
           said
           by
           our
           Historians
           ,
           who
           writ
           at
           that
           time
           ,
           that
           the
           Spanish
           Ambassadour
           took
           proofs
           of
           the
           consummation
           of
           the
           Mariage
           .
           And
           in
           the
           Bull
           of
           dispensation
           ,
           for
           the
           subsequent
           Mariage
           ,
           this
           was
           also
           supposed
           as
           a
           thing
           that
           was
           perhaps
           done
           .
           But
           thô
           our
           Author
           set
           on
           the
           Margent
           the
           precise
           Words
           ,
           
           in
           which
           he
           says
           that
           was
           conceived
           ;
           yet
           either
           he
           never
           read
           the
           Bull
           ,
           
           and
           so
           took
           this
           upon
           trust
           ,
           or
           he
           was
           in
           a
           fit
           of
           his
           Religion
           ,
           which
           was
           so
           violent
           ,
           that
           it
           made
           him
           not
           only
           take
           no
           care
           of
           what
           he
           said
           ,
           whither
           it
           was
           true
           or
           false
           ;
           but
           made
           him
           advance
           a
           deliberate
           falsehood
           .
           For
           whereas
           in
           the
           Preamble
           of
           the
           Bull
           of
           Dispensation
           for
           the
           younger
           Brother
           ,
           
           it
           is
           set
           forth
           ,
           that
           P.
           Arthur
           and
           the
           Princess
           had
           been
           lawfully
           married
           ,
           and
           had
           perhaps
           consummated
           their
           Mariage
           ,
           where
           the
           matter
           of
           fact
           is
           set
           down
           in
           a
           dubious
           manner
           ,
           he
           makes
           that
           the
           Dispensation
           had
           allowed
           their
           Mariage
           ,
           even
           thô
           the
           former
           had
           been
           consummated
           .
           And
           as
           the
           Words
           that
           he
           cites
           are
           not
           the
           Words
           of
           the
           Bull
           ,
           so
           they
           give
           a
           different
           notion
           of
           the
           matter
           ;
           since
           as
           he
           gives
           the
           Words
           ,
           they
           seem
           only
           to
           be
           a
           clause
           put
           in
           ,
           to
           make
           the
           Bull
           more
           unquestionable
           ;
           whereas
           in
           truth
           they
           are
           a
           part
           of
           the
           matter
           of
           fact
           represented
           to
           the
           Pope
           .
           And
           thô
           this
           doubtful
           way
           of
           representing
           this
           matter
           of
           fact
           ,
           that
           is
           in
           the
           Bull
           ,
           was
           all
           that
           could
           be
           decently
           
           said
           upon
           this
           case
           ,
           yet
           it
           seems
           the
           Spaniards
           ,
           who
           knew
           the
           Mariage
           was
           consummated
           ,
           resolved
           to
           set
           the
           matter
           past
           dispute
           ,
           for
           they
           either
           procured
           at
           that
           time
           a
           Breve
           ,
           of
           the
           same
           date
           with
           the
           Bull
           ,
           or
           they
           forged
           one
           afterwards
           ,
           in
           which
           in
           the
           Preamble
           this
           matter
           is
           asserted
           ,
           without
           any
           perhaps
           ,
           or
           other
           limiting
           Word
           ,
           it
           being
           positively
           set
           forth
           ,
           that
           the
           Mariage
           was
           consummated
           .
           If
           Mr.
           Varillas's
           Religion
           sets
           him
           at
           liberty
           from
           the
           scrupulosity
           of
           writing
           truth
           ,
           yet
           that
           profound
           Policy
           ,
           to
           which
           he
           always
           pretends
           ,
           should
           oblige
           him
           to
           take
           a
           little
           care
           ,
           that
           the
           falsehoods
           that
           he
           advances
           ,
           may
           not
           be
           easily
           discovered
           .
        
         
           3.
           
           
             He
             says
             ,
             
             Henry
             the
             8th
             
             was
             12.
             year
             old
             ,
             when
             his
             Brother
             died
             ;
             and
             that
             his
             Father
             had
             designed
             him
             for
             the
             Ecclesiastical
             State.
             
          
        
         
           This
           was
           taken
           up
           by
           the
           Writers
           of
           the
           last
           Age
           ,
           to
           make
           the
           Parallel
           between
           Iulian
           the
           Emperour
           and
           him
           seem
           to
           agree
           :
           that
           as
           Iulian
           had
           been
           a
           Reader
           in
           the
           Church
           ;
           so
           King
           Henry
           should
           be
           represented
           as
           an
           Abbot
           with
           a
           little
           band
           .
           But
           as
           King
           Henry
           was
           not
           12
           year
           old
           ,
           when
           his
           Brother
           died
           ,
           for
           he
           wanted
           some
           Months
           of
           11
           :
           and
           as
           at
           that
           Age
           young
           Princes
           ,
           considering
           the
           respect
           that
           is
           payed
           to
           them
           in
           their
           Education
           ,
           have
           seldome
           been
           found
           far
           advanced
           in
           Learning
           ;
           so
           it
           does
           not
           appear
           ,
           that
           he
           had
           then
           any
           other
           Education
           different
           from
           
           what
           was
           given
           his
           Brother
           ,
           who
           understood
           Latin
           ,
           and
           some
           of
           the
           beginnings
           of
           Learning
           .
           Learning
           was
           then
           in
           great
           reputation
           ,
           and
           K.
           Henry
           the
           7th
           engaged
           his
           Children
           to
           study
           ,
           either
           to
           raise
           their
           Authority
           the
           higher
           by
           that
           means
           ,
           or
           perhaps
           to
           amuse
           them
           with
           Learning
           ,
           that
           they
           might
           not
           think
           of
           pretending
           to
           the
           Crown
           during
           his
           Life
           ,
           since
           the
           undoubted
           Title
           to
           it
           resting
           in
           the
           Person
           of
           their
           Mother
           ,
           it
           had
           devolved
           upon
           them
           by
           her
           Death
           ,
           thô
           they
           did
           not
           think
           fit
           to
           claim
           their
           Right
           .
        
         
           
             4.
             
             He
             says
             ,
             
             that
             when
             K.
             Henry
             the
             7th
             intended
             to
             marry
             his
             younger
             Son
             to
             
               P.
               Arthur's
            
             Widdow
             ,
             the
             Privy
             Council
             of
             England
             approuved
             it
             the
             
             more
             easily
             ,
             because
             of
             the
             precaution
             that
             had
             been
             taken
             to
             hinder
             the
             consummation
             of
             the
             former
             Mariage
             :
             and
             to
             confirm
             this
             ,
             he
             cites
             on
             the
             Margent
             the
             Petition
             ,
             that
             the
             Parliament
             of
             England
             offered
             upon
             this
             matter
             to
             P.
             Alexander
             the
             6th
             .
          
        
         
           But
           as
           the
           Depositions
           are
           yet
           extant
           of
           the
           Duke
           of
           Norfolk
           ,
           that
           was
           then
           a
           Privy
           Councellour
           ,
           and
           of
           two
           others
           ,
           that
           there
           was
           no
           precaution
           used
           to
           hinder
           the
           consummation
           ;
           so
           Warham
           ,
           that
           was
           at
           that
           time
           Archbishop
           of
           Canterbury
           ,
           opposed
           the
           second
           Mariage
           ,
           as
           being
           neither
           honourable
           ,
           nor
           well-pleasing
           to
           God
           ,
           as
           he
           himself
           did
           afterwards
           depose
           upon
           Oath
           .
           The
           Parliament
           took
           no
           
           cognisance
           of
           the
           matter
           ,
           nor
           did
           it
           make
           any
           address
           to
           the
           Pope
           ;
           so
           that
           this
           citation
           is
           to
           be
           considered
           as
           an
           effect
           of
           Mr
           ▪
           Varillas
           his
           notion
           of
           Religion
           .
        
         
           
             5.
             
             He
             runs
             out
             ,
             
             in
             his
             manner
             ,
             into
             a
             long
             speculation
             concerning
             the
             different
             interests
             of
             England
             and
             Spain
             ,
             that
             made
             the
             Spaniards
             go
             backwards
             and
             forwards
             ,
             in
             the
             agreeing
             to
             the
             Match
             ,
             that
             was
             proposed
             for
             P.
             Henry
             and
             the
             Princess
             ;
             whom
             by
             an
             extravagant
             affectation
             he
             calls
             always
             Duke
             of
             York
             :
             and
             makes
             the
             Princesse's
             Parents
             represent
             to
             K.
             Henry
             the
             7th
             ,
             the
             danger
             of
             his
             Son
             's
             growing
             weary
             of
             the
             Princess
             ,
             since
             he
             was
             4
             year
             younger
             than
             she
             was
             ,
             and
             that
             in
             order
             to
             the
             
             procuring
             of
             a
             dissolution
             of
             the
             Mariage
             from
             the
             Court
             of
             Rome
             ,
             he
             might
             pretend
             that
             his
             Father
             had
             forced
             him
             to
             marry
             her
             ,
             whenever
             he
             should
             grow
             weary
             of
             her
             .
          
        
         
           All
           the
           other
           Writers
           of
           that
           time
           put
           K.
           Henry
           the
           7th's
           desiring
           this
           second
           Mariage
           meerly
           on
           his
           covetousness
           ,
           which
           made
           him
           equally
           unwilling
           to
           repay
           the
           Portion
           ,
           or
           to
           send
           a
           great
           jointure
           yearly
           after
           the
           Princess
           :
           and
           the
           Prince
           of
           Wales
           was
           too
           great
           a
           Match
           to
           be
           so
           uneasily
           admitted
           by
           the
           King
           and
           Queen
           of
           Spain
           .
           He
           whom
           he
           calls
           by
           the
           Title
           of
           the
           Duke
           of
           York
           ,
           was
           indeed
           only
           Duke
           of
           York
           ,
           for
           some
           Months
           after
           his
           Brother's
           Death
           ,
           during
           which
           time
           it
           was
           supposed
           ,
           that
           the
           
           Princess
           might
           be
           with
           child
           by
           his
           Brother
           ;
           which
           proves
           beyond
           exception
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           believed
           ,
           that
           the
           first
           Mariage
           was
           consummated
           .
           But
           when
           there
           was
           no
           more
           reason
           to
           apprehend
           that
           ,
           then
           he
           carried
           the
           Title
           ,
           that
           belongs
           to
           the
           Heir
           apparent
           of
           our
           Crown
           .
           But
           it
           seems
           the
           King
           and
           Queen
           of
           Spain
           were
           more
           easily
           satisfied
           in
           this
           matter
           ,
           than
           Mr.
           Varillas
           would
           make
           us
           believe
           they
           were
           :
           for
           two
           years
           after
           the
           Bull
           was
           granted
           ,
           when
           P.
           Henry
           came
           to
           be
           of
           Age
           ,
           he
           instead
           of
           entring
           into
           any
           engagement
           to
           marry
           the
           Princess
           ,
           made
           a
           solemn
           protestation
           in
           the
           hands
           of
           the
           Bishop
           of
           Winchester
           ,
           by
           which
           he
           recalled
           the
           consent
           that
           he
           had
           given
           during
           his
           Minority
           ,
           
           and
           declared
           that
           he
           would
           never
           marry
           her
           .
           But
           it
           is
           very
           likely
           Mr.
           Varillas
           had
           never
           heard
           of
           this
           ,
           thô
           the
           instrument
           of
           that
           Protestation
           was
           not
           only
           mentioned
           ,
           but
           printed
           by
           many
           of
           the
           Writers
           of
           that
           Age
           :
           and
           it
           is
           confessed
           by
           Sanders
           himself
           ,
           who
           ,
           after
           all
           Mr.
           Varillas's
           flourish
           with
           his
           Letters
           ,
           is
           his
           only
           Author
           .
           And
           for
           this
           foresight
           ,
           that
           he
           thinks
           he
           may
           justly
           ascribe
           to
           the
           King
           and
           Queen
           of
           Spain
           ,
           because
           they
           are
           represented
           by
           the
           Writers
           of
           that
           time
           ,
           to
           have
           had
           an
           extraordinary
           Sagacity
           ,
           the
           reason
           that
           he
           makes
           them
           give
           ,
           shews
           it
           was
           a
           contrivance
           of
           his
           own
           :
           since
           a
           moral
           force
           ,
           such
           as
           the
           Authority
           of
           a
           Father
           ,
           was
           never
           so
           much
           as
           pretended
           to
           be
           a
           just
           
           ground
           to
           annul
           a
           Mariage
           ,
           after
           it
           was
           made
           and
           consummated
           ;
           otherwise
           most
           of
           the
           Mariages
           that
           have
           been
           made
           ,
           might
           have
           been
           dissolved
           .
        
         
           
             6.
             
             He
             adds
             to
             this
             another
             speculation
             ,
             
             that
             is
             worthy
             of
             him
             ,
             he
             pretends
             that
             the
             King
             and
             Queen
             of
             Spain
             apprehended
             ,
             that
             K.
             Henry
             the
             7th
             had
             acquired
             the
             Crown
             of
             England
             ,
             and
             by
             consequence
             had
             a
             right
             to
             dispose
             of
             it
             at
             his
             pleasure
             ;
             upon
             which
             the
             Crown
             of
             Spain
             was
             afraid
             ,
             least
             he
             should
             have
             disinherited
             his
             Son
             ,
             and
             given
             the
             Crown
             to
             the
             Duke
             of
             Suffolk
             ,
             that
             was
             then
             at
             Brussels
             ,
             and
             was
             preparing
             an
             Invasion
             of
             England
             ,
             from
             which
             they
             did
             not
             know
             ,
             but
             K.
             Henry
             the
             7th
             
             might
             save
             himself
             ,
             by
             declaring
             Suffolk
             his
             Successour
             ,
             and
             that
             upon
             those
             fears
             they
             were
             unwilling
             to
             consent
             to
             the
             Match
             .
          
        
         
           Here
           is
           such
           a
           mixture
           of
           Follies
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           not
           easy
           to
           tell
           which
           of
           them
           is
           the
           most
           remarkable
           .
           This
           Doctrine
           of
           the
           Crown
           of
           England's
           being
           alienable
           at
           the
           King's
           pleasure
           ,
           might
           have
           passed
           well
           with
           those
           ,
           that
           some
           years
           ago
           thought
           to
           have
           shut
           out
           the
           next
           Heir
           ,
           and
           yet
           even
           these
           did
           not
           pretend
           that
           it
           could
           have
           been
           done
           by
           the
           King
           alone
           .
           But
           here
           is
           a
           new
           Theory
           of
           Politicks
           ,
           for
           which
           we
           are
           sure
           Mr.
           Varillas
           can
           cite
           no
           Authorities
           from
           the
           Laws
           and
           Constitutions
           of
           England
           .
           K.
           Henry
           the
           7th
           had
           indeed
           acquired
           
           the
           Crown
           ,
           by
           defeating
           that
           Tyrant
           and
           Usurper
           Richard
           the
           3
           d
           :
           but
           as
           he
           pretended
           to
           be
           Heir
           of
           the
           Lancastrian
           Race
           himself
           ,
           so
           by
           marrying
           to
           the
           Heir
           of
           the
           House
           of
           York
           ,
           that
           was
           the
           right
           Heir
           ,
           he
           by
           a
           conjunction
           of
           all
           Titles
           ,
           made
           the
           matter
           sure
           .
           But
           this
           gave
           him
           no
           right
           to
           alienate
           the
           Crown
           at
           his
           pleasure
           ,
           and
           to
           fancy
           ,
           that
           a
           King
           might
           be
           induced
           to
           give
           away
           his
           Crown
           from
           his
           own
           Son
           ,
           to
           the
           Person
           in
           the
           World
           that
           he
           hated
           most
           ,
           and
           whom
           at
           his
           Death
           he
           ordered
           his
           Son
           never
           to
           forgive
           ;
           who
           ,
           by
           the
           way
           ,
           was
           not
           Duke
           but
           only
           Earl
           of
           Suffolk
           ,
           is
           a
           Dream
           better
           becoming
           so
           slight
           a
           brain
           as
           is
           that
           of
           Mr.
           Varillas
           ,
           than
           the
           consummated
           wisdome
           of
           the
           
           King
           and
           Queen
           of
           Spain
           .
           But
           thus
           it
           falls
           out
           when
           a
           Library
           Keeper
           turns
           Statesman
           ;
           and
           when
           from
           being
           a
           teller
           of
           tales
           ,
           he
           will
           turn
           a
           Writer
           of
           Histories
           ,
           which
           he
           composes
           out
           of
           his
           own
           Imaginations
           ,
           he
           must
           needs
           fall
           into
           childish
           errours
           .
           When
           do
           Kings
           fall
           under
           those
           weaknesses
           ,
           as
           to
           disinherit
           an
           only
           Son
           ,
           to
           cover
           them
           from
           a
           remote
           fear
           :
           and
           a
           very
           remote
           one
           it
           was
           ;
           for
           the
           Archduke
           needed
           at
           that
           time
           the
           assistance
           of
           England
           against
           France
           too
           much
           ,
           to
           be
           in
           a
           condition
           to
           raise
           a
           Civil
           War
           in
           England
           ,
           and
           to
           support
           a
           competition
           to
           the
           Crown
           ,
           which
           could
           have
           no
           other
           effect
           ,
           as
           to
           him
           ,
           but
           to
           give
           France
           an
           opportunity
           ,
           during
           the
           distractions
           of
           England
           ,
           
           to
           come
           and
           destroy
           him
           .
           In
           short
           ,
           here
           is
           a
           Vision
           of
           a
           poor-spirited
           Pedant
           ,
           which
           is
           too
           much
           considered
           ,
           when
           it
           named
           and
           laught
           at
           .
        
         
           
             7.
             
             He
             pretends
             to
             enter
             into
             the
             reasons
             that
             were
             alledged
             at
             Rome
             ,
             
             both
             for
             and
             against
             the
             granting
             of
             the
             Bull
             ;
             but
             at
             last
             he
             concludes
             ,
             that
             Pope
             Alexander
             the
             6th
             would
             not
             consent
             to
             it
             ;
             that
             he
             might
             not
             give
             occasion
             to
             accuse
             him
             ,
             of
             having
             broken
             the
             Discipline
             of
             the
             Church
             .
          
        
         
           But
           here
           is
           such
           a
           false
           representation
           of
           the
           Court
           of
           Rome
           at
           that
           time
           ,
           and
           in
           particular
           of
           P.
           Alexander
           the
           6th
           ,
           that
           since
           Mr.
           Varillas
           will
           needs
           write
           Romances
           ,
           I
           must
           put
           him
           in
           mind
           of
           one
           Rule
           ;
           that
           as
           Painters
           
           shew
           their
           Judgment
           and
           Learning
           ,
           in
           that
           which
           is
           in
           one
           Word
           called
           
             le
             Costume
          
           ,
           observing
           the
           Air
           ,
           Manners
           ,
           and
           Habits
           of
           the
           Ages
           and
           Scenes
           to
           which
           their
           Pieces
           belong
           ;
           so
           Poets
           ,
           when
           they
           bring
           unknown
           Names
           into
           their
           Plays
           ,
           they
           may
           clothe
           them
           with
           what
           Characters
           they
           please
           ;
           but
           if
           they
           represent
           Men
           ,
           whose
           Histories
           are
           known
           ,
           they
           must
           not
           confound
           Characters
           ,
           nor
           represent
           a
           Nero
           as
           a
           grave
           Philosopher
           ,
           or
           as
           a
           good
           natured
           Prince
           ;
           nor
           a
           
             Marcus
             Aurelius
          
           as
           a
           wanton
           Stage-player
           ,
           or
           as
           a
           bloody
           Tyrant
           .
           And
           therefore
           ,
           thô
           Mr.
           Varillas
           may
           shew
           his
           pretended
           discoveries
           ,
           concerning
           Men
           that
           are
           less
           known
           ,
           yet
           when
           he
           brings
           in
           an
           Alexander
           the
           6th
           
           on
           the
           Stage
           ,
           it
           is
           too
           bold
           a
           violation
           of
           Poetry
           ,
           to
           lay
           a
           strictness
           of
           Conscience
           ,
           or
           a
           sense
           of
           Honour
           to
           his
           charge
           :
           and
           thô
           there
           is
           one
           part
           of
           this
           Period
           true
           ,
           that
           there
           had
           never
           been
           any
           dispensation
           of
           this
           sort
           formerly
           granted
           ,
           to
           serve
           as
           a
           Precedent
           for
           it
           :
           yet
           that
           exactness
           ,
           in
           which
           he
           represents
           the
           Enquiry
           ,
           that
           the
           Divines
           of
           Rome
           made
           concerning
           this
           matter
           ,
           agrees
           ill
           with
           the
           State
           of
           the
           Court
           of
           Rome
           at
           that
           time
           ;
           and
           a
           Painter
           may
           as
           justly
           represent
           the
           old
           Romans
           in
           Pantalaons
           ,
           and
           with
           Hats
           in
           their
           hands
           .
        
         
           
             8.
             
             He
             says
             ,
             
             K.
             Henry
             the
             7th
             was
             preparing
             all
             things
             for
             the
             Mariage
             of
             his
             Son
             ,
             to
             the
             Princess
             ,
             when
             he
             died
             .
             And
             a
             little
             before
             that
             he
             had
             said
             ,
             
             that
             her
             Parents
             sacrificed
             the
             Interest
             of
             their
             Family
             to
             the
             satisfaction
             of
             the
             King
             of
             England
             ,
             by
             consenting
             to
             it
             .
          
        
         
           A
           Match
           with
           the
           Heir
           of
           the
           Crown
           of
           England
           ,
           was
           no
           very
           costly
           Sacrifice
           :
           and
           for
           his
           vision
           concerning
           the
           design
           of
           marrying
           her
           to
           the
           Duke
           of
           Calabria
           ,
           and
           by
           that
           means
           of
           restoring
           the
           Kingdome
           of
           Naples
           ,
           it
           does
           so
           ill
           agree
           with
           the
           Character
           of
           the
           King
           of
           Arragon
           ,
           that
           since
           there
           is
           no
           proof
           brought
           of
           this
           ,
           I
           must
           look
           on
           it
           as
           one
           of
           those
           Imaginations
           ,
           with
           which
           Mr.
           Varillas
           loves
           to
           entertain
           his
           Readers
           .
           But
           for
           K.
           Henry
           the
           7th
           ,
           he
           was
           so
           far
           from
           making
           any
           preparations
           for
           the
           Mariage
           ,
           
           that
           one
           of
           the
           Writers
           of
           that
           Age
           assures
           us
           ,
           
           that
           at
           his
           Death
           he
           charged
           his
           Son
           to
           break
           it
           ,
           apprehending
           perhaps
           a
           return
           of
           a
           new
           civil
           War
           ,
           upon
           the
           issue
           of
           a
           doubtful
           Marriage
           .
        
         
           
             9.
             
             He
             gives
             us
             a
             new
             tast
             of
             his
             unskilfulness
             in
             ordering
             his
             Scenes
             .
             
             He
             had
             found
             that
             when
             Henry
             the
             8th's
             Divorce
             came
             to
             be
             started
             ,
             there
             was
             some
             discourse
             of
             a
             Match
             between
             him
             and
             Francis
             the
             first
             's
             Sister
             ,
             afterwards
             the
             Queen
             of
             Navarre
             ,
             and
             therefore
             he
             thought
             a
             proposition
             for
             her
             ,
             might
             come
             in
             before
             the
             Mariage
             ,
             as
             a
             pretty
             ornament
             to
             his
             Fable
             .
          
        
         
           But
           the
           silence
           of
           all
           the
           Papers
           of
           that
           Time
           ,
           which
           I
           have
           seen
           ,
           is
           a
           much
           better
           evidence
           against
           it
           ,
           than
           his
           pretended
           
           negotiation
           of
           Mr.
           
             de
             Piennes
          
           is
           for
           it
           ,
           to
           which
           no
           credit
           is
           due
           .
           It
           is
           well
           known
           that
           in
           the
           Archives
           of
           Venice
           there
           are
           Recitals
           laid
           up
           of
           all
           the
           Negotiations
           of
           their
           Ambassadours
           ,
           and
           Mr.
           Varillas
           having
           perhaps
           heard
           of
           this
           ,
           he
           fancied
           it
           would
           have
           a
           good
           grace
           ,
           to
           cite
           such
           Recitals
           as
           to
           French
           Affairs
           ,
           thô
           all
           that
           know
           the
           State
           of
           France
           ,
           know
           ,
           that
           this
           has
           not
           been
           the
           practice
           of
           that
           Court.
           But
           as
           there
           is
           no
           proof
           to
           shew
           that
           there
           was
           any
           such
           Proposition
           made
           at
           that
           Time
           ,
           so
           the
           State
           of
           K.
           Lewis
           the
           12th's
           Court
           differs
           extreamly
           from
           it
           ,
           in
           which
           the
           Count
           of
           Angoulême
           ,
           afterwards
           Francis
           the
           first
           ,
           and
           his
           Sister
           ,
           were
           not
           so
           favourable
           ,
           as
           to
           give
           us
           reason
           to
           think
           that
           
           pains
           was
           taken
           to
           raise
           that
           Lady
           to
           the
           Throne
           of
           England
           .
        
         
           
             10.
             
             He
             tells
             us
             ,
             
             that
             King
             Henry
             the
             8th
             calling
             a
             Parliament
             in
             the
             beginning
             of
             his
             Reign
             ,
             they
             thought
             themselves
             bound
             in
             point
             of
             Honour
             ,
             to
             oblige
             to
             execute
             his
             Father's
             Orders
             ,
             relating
             to
             his
             Mariage
             ;
             who
             had
             not
             only
             made
             it
             the
             chief
             Article
             of
             his
             Testament
             ,
             and
             charged
             his
             Son
             to
             do
             it
             upon
             his
             last
             Blessing
             ;
             but
             had
             laid
             the
             same
             charge
             on
             the
             Men
             of
             the
             greatest
             Credit
             in
             England
             ,
             as
             he
             spoke
             his
             last
             Words
             to
             them
             :
             upon
             which
             the
             Parliament
             being
             careful
             to
             maintain
             this
             Authority
             ,
             to
             which
             they
             pretended
             ,
             over
             their
             Master
             ,
             did
             oblige
             him
             ,
             by
             repeated
             
             Remonstrances
             to
             marry
             the
             Princess
             .
          
        
         
           Here
           he
           goes
           to
           show
           how
           implacably
           he
           is
           set
           against
           the
           Crown
           of
           England
           :
           formerly
           he
           had
           debased
           their
           Birth
           ,
           but
           he
           thought
           that
           was
           not
           enough
           ;
           now
           he
           will
           degrade
           them
           of
           their
           Dignity
           ,
           and
           give
           the
           Parliament
           a
           Superiority
           over
           them
           .
           But
           it
           is
           a
           fatal
           thing
           for
           an
           ignorant
           Man
           to
           write
           History
           :
           for
           if
           Mr.
           Varillas
           could
           have
           so
           much
           as
           opened
           our
           Book
           of
           Statutes
           ,
           he
           would
           have
           found
           ,
           that
           the
           first
           Parliament
           ,
           that
           K.
           Henry
           the
           8th
           held
           ,
           was
           assembled
           the
           21.
           of
           Ianuary
           1510.
           almost
           8.
           
           Months
           after
           the
           Mariage
           ,
           which
           was
           celebrated
           six
           Weeks
           after
           he
           came
           to
           the
           Crown
           ,
           in
           which
           time
           ,
           if
           Mr.
           Varillas
           had
           
           understood
           any
           thing
           of
           our
           Constitutions
           ,
           he
           would
           have
           known
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           impossible
           for
           a
           Parliament
           to
           have
           met
           ,
           since
           there
           must
           be
           40.
           
           Days
           between
           a
           Summonds
           and
           a
           Meeting
           of
           Parliament
           ;
           so
           that
           if
           the
           new
           King
           had
           summoned
           one
           ,
           the
           Day
           after
           his
           Father's
           Death
           ,
           it
           could
           not
           have
           met
           sooner
           ,
           than
           the
           day
           before
           the
           Mariage
           .
        
         
           
             11.
             
             He
             says
             ,
             
             the
             Queen
             bore
             five
             Children
             ,
             the
             first
             three
             ,
             Sons
             ,
             and
             the
             other
             two
             ,
             Girls
             ;
             but
             the
             eldest
             Son
             lived
             only
             9
             Months
             ,
             the
             other
             two
             Sons
             ,
             and
             the
             eldest
             Girl
             ,
             died
             immediately
             after
             they
             were
             born
             ,
             only
             the
             youngest
             ,
             that
             was
             born
             the
             8
             of
             February
             1515
             ,
             was
             longer
             lived
             .
          
        
         
           Mr.
           Varillas
           has
           a
           peculiar
           talent
           
           of
           committing
           more
           Errours
           in
           one
           single
           Period
           ,
           than
           any
           Writer
           of
           the
           Age
           :
           and
           here
           he
           has
           given
           a
           good
           essay
           of
           his
           art
           ;
           for
           the
           Queen
           bore
           only
           three
           Children
           ,
           the
           first
           was
           a
           Son
           ,
           born
           the
           1.
           of
           Ianuary
           ,
           that
           died
           the
           22
           of
           February
           thereafter
           ,
           which
           was
           not
           two
           full
           Months
           ,
           much
           less
           9
           Months
           :
           the
           second
           Son
           died
           not
           immediatly
           ,
           but
           about
           a
           Fourtnight
           after
           he
           was
           born
           :
           and
           the
           Daughter
           ,
           afterwards
           Q.
           Mary
           ,
           was
           born
           the
           9th
           of
           February
           1516.
           
           So
           that
           thô
           by
           chance
           he
           has
           hit
           the
           Month
           right
           ,
           yet
           he
           is
           mistaken
           ,
           both
           as
           to
           the
           Year
           ,
           and
           the
           Day
           of
           the
           Month.
           So
           unadvised
           a
           thing
           it
           is
           for
           an
           ignorant
           Writer
           ,
           to
           deliver
           matters
           of
           fact
           so
           particularly
           :
           for
           thô
           this
           may
           deceive
           
           others
           ,
           that
           are
           as
           ignorant
           as
           himself
           ,
           by
           an
           appearance
           of
           exactness
           ;
           yet
           it
           lays
           him
           too
           open
           to
           those
           ,
           that
           can
           find
           the
           leisure
           and
           the
           patience
           ,
           to
           expose
           him
           :
           and
           the
           last
           is
           no
           easy
           matter
           .
        
         
           
             12.
             
             He
             runs
             out
             into
             a
             very
             copious
             account
             of
             K.
             Henry's
             Disorders
             ,
             
             and
             dresses
             up
             Q.
             Katherine's
             Devotions
             in
             a
             very
             sublime
             strain
             .
          
        
         
           It
           does
           not
           appear
           ,
           that
           in
           all
           that
           time
           he
           had
           any
           other
           Mistress
           ,
           but
           
             Elisabeth
             Blunt
          
           :
           and
           during
           all
           that
           while
           ,
           he
           had
           the
           highest
           Panigyriques
           made
           him
           by
           all
           the
           Clergy
           of
           Europe
           ,
           upon
           his
           Zeal
           for
           Religion
           and
           Piety
           ;
           possible
           so
           ,
           that
           if
           we
           did
           not
           live
           in
           an
           Age
           ,
           in
           which
           Flattery
           has
           broke
           loose
           from
           all
           the
           restraints
           of
           Decency
           ,
           they
           would
           
           appear
           very
           extravagant
           Commendations
           ;
           and
           if
           the
           sublimities
           of
           Flattery
           were
           not
           rather
           a
           just
           prejudice
           against
           a
           Prince
           ,
           which
           give
           a
           character
           of
           a
           swelled
           Ambition
           ,
           and
           an
           imperious
           Tyranny
           ,
           that
           must
           be
           courted
           by
           such
           abject
           methods
           ,
           so
           that
           it
           is
           hard
           ,
           whither
           we
           ought
           to
           think
           worse
           of
           the
           Flaterers
           ,
           or
           the
           Flatered
           ,
           we
           would
           be
           tempted
           to
           judge
           very
           advantageously
           of
           K.
           Henry
           the
           8th
           ,
           by
           the
           Dedications
           ,
           and
           other
           fawning
           Addresses
           that
           were
           made
           him
           .
           As
           for
           Q.
           Katherine
           ,
           it
           does
           appear
           ,
           that
           she
           was
           indeed
           a
           vertuous
           and
           devout
           Woman
           ;
           but
           Mr.
           Varillas
           being
           more
           accustomed
           to
           Legends
           ,
           than
           to
           true
           Histories
           ,
           could
           not
           set
           out
           this
           ,
           without
           a
           considerable
           addition
           
           of
           his
           own
           :
           for
           the
           half
           of
           it
           is
           not
           mentioned
           by
           any
           Author
           ,
           that
           ever
           I
           saw
           ,
           nor
           by
           any
           quoted
           by
           himself
           :
           but
           a
           Poët
           must
           adorn
           his
           matter
           ,
           and
           if
           he
           has
           not
           judgment
           ,
           he
           overdoes
           it
           .
        
         
           
             13.
             
             He
             says
             ,
             
             the
             King
             designed
             to
             marry
             his
             natural
             Son
             the
             Duke
             of
             Richmont
             ,
             to
             his
             Daughter
             Mary
             ;
             upon
             which
             he
             makes
             that
             long
             digression
             ,
             concerning
             the
             Names
             of
             the
             Race
             of
             Tudors
             ,
             that
             was
             formerly
             considered
             .
          
        
         
           When
           a
           Man
           affirms
           a
           thing
           ,
           that
           is
           so
           notoriously
           injurious
           to
           the
           Memory
           of
           a
           Prince
           ,
           he
           ought
           at
           least
           to
           give
           some
           sort
           of
           proof
           of
           its
           truth
           :
           for
           thô
           in
           the
           accesses
           of
           Mr.
           Varillas's
           Religious
           Fits
           ,
           he
           does
           not
           think
           fit
           to
           trouble
           himself
           with
           those
           inconsiderable
           
           matters
           of
           Truth
           and
           Falsehood
           ;
           yet
           all
           the
           World
           is
           not
           of
           his
           mind
           ,
           and
           some
           colours
           of
           Truth
           are
           at
           least
           lookt
           for
           .
           It
           is
           true
           ,
           a
           Negative
           is
           not
           easily
           proved
           ,
           so
           a
           bold
           Affirmer
           fancies
           ,
           he
           has
           some
           advantages
           ;
           but
           in
           this
           case
           it
           is
           quite
           otherwise
           ,
           for
           the
           whole
           series
           of
           the
           Original
           Instructions
           ,
           Messages
           and
           Letters
           ,
           that
           passed
           between
           Rome
           and
           England
           ,
           in
           that
           matter
           ,
           are
           still
           extant
           ,
           in
           all
           which
           there
           is
           not
           the
           least
           tittle
           ,
           relating
           to
           this
           Proposition
           .
           And
           there
           are
           some
           things
           of
           such
           indecency
           ,
           that
           nothing
           but
           a
           temper
           like
           Mr.
           Varillas's
           can
           bring
           them
           together
           .
           For
           when
           K.
           Henry
           was
           pretending
           a
           scruple
           of
           Conscience
           ,
           at
           his
           own
           marrying
           his
           Brother's
           Wise
           ,
           it
           is
           very
           improbable
           ,
           
           that
           he
           would
           have
           asked
           a
           Dispensation
           for
           a
           Mariage
           in
           a
           much
           nearer
           Degree
           .
           For
           Sanders
           ,
           that
           is
           Mr.
           Varillas's
           Author
           ,
           says
           ,
           that
           both
           Propositions
           were
           made
           at
           the
           same
           time
           .
           There
           were
           many
           Libels
           printed
           against
           K.
           Henry
           ,
           about
           that
           time
           ;
           but
           the
           strongest
           ,
           and
           the
           best
           writ
           ,
           was
           that
           of
           Cardinal
           Pools
           ,
           in
           which
           it
           is
           visible
           ,
           that
           he
           spares
           nothing
           that
           he
           could
           alledg
           with
           any
           colour
           of
           Truth
           ;
           yet
           he
           says
           nothing
           of
           this
           matter
           ,
           thô
           it
           had
           more
           weight
           in
           it
           to
           discover
           the
           King's
           Hypocrisy
           ,
           in
           pretending
           to
           scruples
           of
           Conscience
           ,
           than
           all
           the
           other
           things
           he
           alledges
           :
           and
           I
           never
           could
           find
           any
           other
           Author
           for
           this
           Story
           ,
           before
           Sanders
           ,
           whose
           Book
           was
           printed
           60
           years
           after
           .
        
         
         
           
             14.
             
             He
             gives
             another
             essay
             of
             his
             skill
             in
             History
             ,
             
             and
             that
             he
             is
             equally
             ignorant
             of
             the
             Histories
             of
             all
             Kingdomes
             ,
             when
             he
             represents
             to
             us
             the
             endeavours
             of
             the
             King
             of
             Scotland
             ,
             for
             the
             obtaining
             of
             a
             Mariage
             with
             the
             Princes
             Mary
             ,
             in
             favours
             of
             his
             Son
             ,
             upon
             whose
             Person
             he
             bestows
             a
             kind
             dash
             of
             his
             Pen
             ,
             and
             he
             enters
             into
             a
             speculation
             of
             the
             danger
             ,
             that
             King
             Henry
             apprehended
             from
             this
             Proposition
             ;
             and
             that
             if
             he
             had
             rejected
             it
             ,
             the
             King
             and
             Prince
             of
             Scotland
             might
             have
             addressed
             themselves
             for
             it
             to
             the
             Parliament
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             Parliament
             would
             have
             raised
             a
             general
             Rebellion
             ,
             rather
             than
             have
             suffered
             King
             Henry
             to
             reject
             it
             .
          
        
         
         
           The
           dislike
           that
           Mr.
           Varillas
           has
           conceived
           against
           the
           Crown
           of
           England
           ,
           seems
           deeply
           rooted
           in
           him
           ;
           for
           it
           returns
           very
           often
           .
           Here
           he
           represents
           forreign
           Princes
           complaining
           to
           Parliaments
           ,
           when
           the
           Kings
           do
           not
           accept
           of
           Propositions
           for
           their
           Children
           ;
           as
           if
           our
           Princes
           were
           less
           at
           liberty
           in
           the
           disposal
           of
           their
           Children
           ,
           than
           the
           meanest
           of
           their
           Subjects
           are
           :
           but
           he
           knows
           our
           Constitution
           as
           little
           as
           he
           does
           the
           History
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           otherwise
           he
           could
           not
           have
           represented
           the
           King
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           as
           pretending
           to
           the
           Mariage
           of
           the
           Princess
           Mary
           for
           his
           Son
           ;
           since
           K.
           Iames
           the
           fourth
           ,
           that
           had
           married
           King
           Henry's
           Sister
           ,
           was
           kill'd
           at
           the
           Battel
           of
           Floddun
           the
           2
           September
           1513
           ,
           above
           
           three
           years
           before
           the
           Princess
           was
           born
           ,
           he
           left
           an
           infant
           Son
           ,
           between
           whom
           and
           the
           Princess
           a
           Treaty
           of
           a
           Mariage
           was
           once
           proposed
           ,
           but
           no
           progress
           was
           made
           in
           it
           ,
           for
           K.
           Henry
           neglected
           it
           .
           And
           he
           had
           always
           his
           Parliaments
           so
           subject
           to
           him
           ,
           to
           apprehend
           any
           of
           those
           vain
           Schemes
           ,
           with
           which
           Mr.
           Varillas
           would
           possess
           his
           Reader
           .
           There
           are
           many
           that
           make
           no
           great
           progress
           in
           History
           ,
           but
           yet
           know
           somewhat
           of
           the
           Death
           of
           Kings
           ,
           and
           that
           carry
           some
           small
           measure
           of
           Chronology
           in
           their
           Head.
           Yet
           since
           Mr.
           Varillas
           has
           not
           yet
           got
           so
           far
           ,
           he
           had
           best
           buy
           some
           common
           Chronological
           Tables
           ,
           and
           have
           them
           always
           before
           him
           ,
           when
           he
           writes
           ;
           and
           this
           will
           at
           least
           preserve
           
           him
           from
           such
           childish
           Errours
           .
        
         
           
             15.
             
             He
             tells
             us
             ,
             
             that
             there
             were
             many
             Pretenders
             to
             the
             young
             Princess
             ;
             and
             to
             make
             a
             full
             Period
             ,
             he
             tells
             us
             ,
             that
             all
             the
             Souverains
             of
             Europe
             courted
             her
             ,
             both
             the
             Emperour
             ,
             the
             Kings
             of
             
               France
               ,
               Spain
            
             and
             Scotland
             ;
             and
             so
             he
             gives
             us
             a
             fantastical
             speculation
             of
             King
             Henry's
             balancing
             those
             Propositions
             one
             against
             another
             .
          
        
         
           But
           since
           for
           a
           round
           Periods
           sake
           he
           will
           needs
           split
           Charles
           the
           5th
           in
           two
           ,
           and
           name
           both
           the
           Emperour
           and
           the
           K.
           of
           Spain
           as
           two
           Pretenders
           ,
           he
           might
           have
           as
           well
           subdivided
           him
           into
           the
           King
           of
           Arragon
           and
           
             Castile
             ,
             Sicily
          
           and
           Naples
           ,
           and
           the
           very
           Titular
           Kingdome
           of
           Ierusalem
           ,
           
           might
           have
           come
           in
           for
           its
           share
           .
        
         
           
             16
             He
             tells
             us
             that
             thô
             the
             match
             of
             Scotland
             was
             the
             most
             for
             the
             Interest
             of
             the
             Nation
             ;
             
             yet
             King
             Henry
             was
             so
             angry
             with
             his
             Nephew
             the
             King
             of
             Scotland
             ,
             for
             taking
             part
             against
             him
             ,
             in
             his
             last
             war
             with
             France
             ,
             that
             he
             resolved
             never
             to
             give
             him
             his
             Daughter
             .
          
        
         
           Here
           Mr.
           Varillas
           will
           see
           again
           the
           necessity
           of
           purchasing
           a
           Chronological
           Table
           ;
           for
           thô
           that
           will
           cost
           him
           some
           money
           ,
           which
           as
           I
           am
           told
           ,
           goes
           very
           near
           his
           heart
           ;
           yet
           it
           will
           preserve
           him
           from
           some
           scurvy
           errours
           ,
           they
           may
           spoil
           the
           sale
           of
           his
           books
           :
           for
           any
           one
           of
           those
           Tables
           ,
           even
           the
           worst
           and
           cheepest
           ,
           would
           have
           shewed
           him
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           not
           his
           Nephew
           that
           took
           part
           with
           
           France
           against
           him
           ;
           but
           his
           Nephew's
           Father
           :
           for
           King
           Iames
           the
           4th
           ,
           that
           was
           King
           Henry's
           Brother-in-Law
           ,
           made
           war
           on
           that
           occasion
           ,
           and
           was
           killed
           in
           it
           ,
           leaving
           an
           Infant
           Son
           behind
           him
           ;
           but
           it
           is
           pleasant
           to
           see
           the
           Ignorance
           of
           this
           Scribler
           ,
           that
           makes
           in
           one
           place
           King
           Iames
           the
           4th
           to
           court
           the
           Princess
           for
           his
           Son
           ,
           thô
           he
           died
           several
           years
           before
           she
           was
           born
           ,
           and
           then
           makes
           King
           Iames
           the
           5th
           to
           be
           making
           war
           with
           his
           Uncle
           ,
           during
           his
           Father's
           life
           ,
           and
           while
           himself
           was
           an
           Infant
           .
        
         
           
             17.
             
             He
             says
             ,
             
             the
             Emperour
             came
             ,
             and
             pretended
             the
             second
             to
             the
             Princess
             ,
             and
             upon
             that
             he
             sets
             down
             a
             large
             negotiation
             ,
             that
             he
             had
             with
             Cardinal
             Wolsey
             .
          
        
         
         
           But
           he
           shews
           here
           an
           ignorance
           of
           Charles
           the
           5th's
           Life
           ,
           thô
           he
           pretends
           to
           have
           made
           more
           than
           ordinary
           discoveries
           concerning
           his
           Affairs
           ,
           that
           proves
           ,
           that
           he
           has
           studied
           all
           History
           alike
           ill
           .
           He
           reckons
           up
           the
           series
           of
           the
           Propositions
           for
           the
           Princess
           quite
           wrong
           ;
           for
           she
           was
           first
           contracted
           to
           the
           Dolphin
           the
           9
           November
           1518
           ,
           by
           a
           Treaty
           yet
           extant
           ,
           then
           Charles
           the
           5th
           came
           into
           England
           in
           Person
           ,
           and
           contracted
           a
           Mariage
           with
           her
           at
           Windsor
           the
           22
           of
           
             Iune
             1522
          
           ;
           after
           that
           there
           was
           a
           Proposition
           made
           for
           the
           King
           of
           Scotland
           ,
           that
           was
           soon
           let
           fall
           ;
           and
           last
           of
           all
           there
           was
           a
           Treaty
           set
           on
           foot
           ,
           for
           the
           King
           of
           France
           then
           a
           Widdower
           ,
           or
           for
           his
           second
           Son
           the
           Duke
           of
           
           Orleans
           ,
           it
           being
           left
           to
           Francis's
           option
           to
           determine
           that
           :
           and
           so
           remarkable
           a
           passage
           ,
           as
           Charles
           the
           5th's
           coming
           to
           England
           in
           person
           ,
           was
           unhappily
           unknown
           to
           Mr.
           Varillas
           ;
           otherwise
           he
           would
           have
           dressed
           up
           a
           mighty
           Scene
           of
           Politicks
           to
           adorn
           it
           .
        
         
           
             18
             He
             gives
             us
             the
             character
             and
             the
             History
             of
             Card.
             
             Wolsey
             ,
             with
             his
             ordinary
             colours
             ,
             in
             which
             truth
             comes
             very
             seldome
             in
             for
             an
             ingredient
             ,
             he
             tells
             us
             how
             he
             was
             Bp.
             of
             Tournay
             ,
             or
             rather
             Oeconome
             of
             that
             See
             ,
             and
             how
             many
             journeys
             he
             made
             between
             Tournay
             and
             London
             ;
             and
             that
             he
             being
             enriched
             at
             Tournay
             ,
             he
             got
             the
             Bishoprick
             of
             Lincoln
             ,
             after
             that
             ,
             upon
             the
             Bp.
             of
             Winchester's
             death
             ,
             he
             had
             that
             
             See
             ,
             from
             that
             he
             was
             raised
             to
             be
             Archbishop
             of
             York
             ;
             then
             he
             was
             made
             Chancellour
             of
             England
             ,
             then
             Cardinal
             and
             Legat
             
               à
               Latere
            
             ,
             and
             last
             of
             all
             ,
             he
             was
             made
             Chief
             Minister
             of
             State
             ;
             and
             to
             shew
             our
             Author
             's
             deep
             Judgment
             ,
             this
             last
             Article
             seemed
             so
             doubtful
             a
             point
             to
             him
             ,
             that
             he
             must
             needs
             bestow
             a
             proofe
             on
             it
             ,
             and
             he
             sends
             us
             to
             P.
             Leo
             the
             10th's
             Register
             ,
             thô
             the
             advancements
             that
             he
             had
             already
             reckoned
             up
             ,
             may
             well
             make
             this
             pass
             without
             a
             more
             particular
             Proof
             ;
             nor
             is
             P.
             Leo's
             Register
             a
             place
             likely
             to
             find
             it
             in
             .
          
        
         
           Here
           is
           a
           great
           deal
           to
           let
           his
           Reader
           see
           ,
           how
           entirely
           he
           was
           possessed
           with
           the
           History
           of
           that
           time
           ;
           since
           he
           could
           run
           
           out
           so
           far
           with
           the
           Character
           and
           History
           of
           that
           Minister
           ;
           but
           for
           the
           strain
           ,
           in
           which
           he
           sets
           out
           his
           Character
           ,
           one
           must
           see
           ,
           it
           is
           only
           Mr.
           Varillas's
           fancy
           :
           for
           how
           came
           he
           to
           know
           Cardinal
           Wolsey's
           air
           and
           manner
           of
           deportment
           ,
           even
           in
           the
           smallest
           thing
           .
           I
           that
           have
           seen
           much
           more
           of
           him
           in
           his
           Letters
           ,
           Dispatches
           and
           Instructions
           than
           Mr.
           Varillas
           can
           pretend
           to
           have
           done
           ,
           dare
           not
           goe
           so
           far
           ,
           because
           I
           have
           not
           arrived
           at
           Mr.
           Varillas
           his
           pitch
           of
           Religion
           ;
           but
           if
           his
           character
           is
           no
           truer
           than
           the
           History
           that
           he
           gives
           of
           Wolsey
           ,
           I
           know
           what
           name
           is
           due
           to
           it
           .
           He
           was
           made
           Bishop
           of
           Tournay
           in
           October
           ,
           and
           Bp.
           or
           Lincoln
           in
           the
           March
           thereafter
           ,
           or
           rather
           in
           February
           ,
           for
           the
           Temporalty
           
           was
           given
           him
           the
           4th
           of
           March
           ,
           which
           is
           always
           restored
           after
           the
           Consecration
           ,
           so
           that
           here
           was
           not
           time
           enough
           to
           make
           such
           journies
           between
           Tournay
           and
           London
           ,
           nor
           to
           enrich
           himself
           with
           the
           former
           :
           he
           had
           not
           Winchester
           but
           15
           years
           after
           that
           ;
           but
           he
           was
           made
           Archbishop
           of
           York
           two
           year
           after
           he
           had
           Lincoln
           ;
           he
           was
           also
           made
           Cardinal
           and
           Legate
           ,
           before
           he
           was
           made
           Chancelour
           ;
           for
           Warham
           Archbishop
           of
           Canterbury
           was
           Chancelour
           while
           he
           was
           Legate
           ,
           and
           had
           some
           disputes
           with
           him
           ,
           touching
           his
           legative
           power
           ;
           upon
           which
           he
           obtained
           that
           Dignity
           ,
           for
           puting
           an
           end
           to
           all
           disputes
           ;
           and
           in
           stead
           of
           his
           being
           last
           of
           all
           Minister
           of
           State
           ,
           he
           was
           first
           of
           all
           Minister
           of
           State
           ,
           
           while
           he
           was
           only
           the
           Lord
           Almoner
           ,
           and
           all
           his
           other
           dignities
           came
           upon
           him
           ,
           as
           the
           natural
           effects
           of
           that
           Confidence
           and
           favour
           into
           which
           the
           King
           had
           received
           him
           .
        
         
           
             19.
             
             He
             cannot
             assent
             to
             some
             Historians
             ,
             
             that
             imagine
             he
             was
             the
             Confident
             of
             K.
             Henry's
             Pleasures
             ,
             since
             he
             thinks
             ,
             if
             that
             had
             been
             true
             ,
             he
             could
             not
             have
             been
             so
             cheated
             afterwards
             ,
             as
             he
             was
             .
          
        
         
           Here
           is
           a
           Demonstration
           that
           he
           never
           read
           my
           History
           ,
           into
           which
           I
           have
           put
           ,
           besides
           other
           Evidences
           of
           his
           being
           on
           the
           secret
           of
           
             Anne
             Boleyn's
          
           matter
           ,
           two
           letters
           ,
           that
           she
           writ
           to
           him
           ,
           which
           are
           undeniable
           proofs
           of
           it
           .
           But
           as
           for
           the
           long
           Story
           into
           with
           he
           runs
           out
           ,
           concerning
           
           Charles
           the
           5th's
           Intrigues
           with
           him
           ,
           and
           his
           way
           of
           writing
           to
           him
           ,
           in
           the
           stile
           of
           Son
           and
           Cousin
           ,
           for
           which
           he
           cites
           on
           the
           Margent
           the
           Emperour's
           Letters
           to
           Wolsey
           ,
           that
           lie
           in
           his
           fancy
           ,
           that
           is
           the
           greatest
           Library
           in
           the
           World
           ,
           but
           the
           hardest
           to
           be
           come
           at
           ,
           all
           this
           is
           so
           loosely
           writ
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           plain
           Mr.
           Varillas
           had
           no
           light
           to
           direct
           him
           in
           it
           ,
           since
           he
           says
           not
           a
           word
           of
           the
           most
           important
           circumstance
           of
           it
           ,
           which
           was
           the
           Emperour's
           coming
           in
           person
           to
           England
           ,
           which
           was
           beleeved
           to
           have
           been
           done
           chiefly
           to
           gain
           Wolsey
           entirely
           ,
           and
           in
           which
           it
           is
           certain
           ,
           that
           he
           had
           all
           the
           success
           that
           he
           had
           wisht
           for
           .
        
         
           
             20.
             
             He
             says
             ,
             
             Wolsey
             being
             alienated
             from
             the
             Emperour
             ,
             
             engaged
             the
             King
             of
             France
             ,
             after
             he
             was
             set
             at
             liberty
             ,
             to
             treat
             for
             a
             Match
             between
             the
             Dauphin
             and
             the
             Princess
             of
             England
             ,
             upon
             which
             they
             were
             contracted
             with
             great
             Magnificency
             ;
             but
             that
             was
             not
             enough
             ,
             for
             the
             Cardinal's
             malice
             .
          
        
         
           I
           have
           formerly
           shewed
           ,
           that
           the
           proposition
           of
           a
           Mariage
           between
           the
           Dauphin
           and
           the
           Princess
           was
           in
           the
           year
           1518
           ,
           long
           before
           Francis
           the
           first
           's
           Imprisonment
           ;
           but
           the
           Treaty
           set
           on
           foot
           after
           his
           Liberty
           ,
           was
           either
           for
           himself
           ,
           or
           his
           second
           Son
           ,
           and
           this
           sort
           of
           a
           Treaty
           being
           somewhat
           extraordinary
           ,
           where
           the
           alternative
           lay
           between
           the
           Father
           and
           the
           Son
           for
           the
           same
           Lady
           ,
           Mr.
           Varillas
           
           shews
           his
           great
           ignorance
           of
           the
           Affairs
           of
           that
           Time
           ,
           since
           he
           says
           nothing
           of
           it
           ;
           for
           this
           would
           have
           given
           him
           occasion
           enough
           to
           have
           entertained
           his
           Reader
           with
           many
           Visions
           and
           Speculations
           .
        
         
           
             21.
             
             He
             says
             ,
             
             that
             Wolsey
             dealt
             with
             Longland
             the
             King's
             Confessour
             ,
             to
             possess
             him
             with
             scruples
             concerning
             the
             lawfulness
             of
             his
             Mariage
             ,
             that
             Longland
             refused
             to
             do
             it
             ,
             but
             engaged
             Wolsey
             to
             begin
             ,
             and
             he
             promised
             to
             fortify
             the
             scruples
             ,
             that
             the
             Cardinal
             should
             infuse
             into
             the
             King's
             mind
             .
             Upon
             which
             the
             Cardinal
             did
             open
             the
             matter
             to
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             the
             King
             being
             shaken
             by
             his
             proposition
             ,
             laid
             the
             matter
             before
             his
             Confessour
             ,
             
             who
             seconded
             the
             Cardinal
             .
          
        
         
           In
           this
           he
           has
           taken
           the
           liberty
           to
           depart
           from
           Sanders
           ,
           thô
           he
           is
           the
           Author
           whom
           he
           generally
           copies
           ;
           but
           it
           is
           easy
           to
           pretend
           to
           tell
           secrets
           ,
           but
           not
           so
           easy
           to
           prove
           them
           .
           The
           King
           himself
           did
           afterwards
           in
           publick
           not
           only
           deny
           this
           ,
           but
           affirmed
           that
           Wolsey
           had
           opposed
           his
           scruples
           all
           he
           could
           ,
           and
           that
           he
           himself
           had
           opened
           them
           in
           Confession
           to
           Longland
           ,
           and
           the
           King
           himself
           said
           to
           Grineus
           ,
           that
           he
           was
           disquieted
           with
           those
           scruples
           ever
           from
           the
           year
           1529
           ,
           which
           was
           three
           years
           before
           the
           matter
           was
           made
           publick
           .
        
         
           
             22.
             
             He
             says
             ,
             
             the
             King
             upon
             that
             consulted
             the
             Divines
             of
             England
             ,
             concerning
             the
             validity
             of
             the
             Mariage
             ,
             and
             that
             
             all
             those
             that
             were
             Men
             of
             probity
             and
             disinteressed
             ,
             answered
             in
             the
             affirmative
             ;
             but
             some
             that
             did
             aspire
             ,
             or
             that
             were
             corrupted
             ,
             thought
             it
             doubtful
             ,
             others
             ,
             who
             were
             very
             few
             in
             number
             ,
             affirmed
             it
             was
             unlawful
             .
          
        
         
           This
           is
           so
           false
           ,
           that
           all
           the
           Bishops
           of
           
             England
             ,
             Fisher
          
           only
           excepted
           ,
           declared
           under
           their
           Hands
           and
           Seals
           ,
           that
           they
           thought
           the
           Mariage
           unlawful
           .
        
         
           
             23.
             
             He
             gives
             a
             Character
             of
             
               Anne
               Boleyn
            
             ,
             
             in
             which
             he
             takes
             up
             the
             common
             Reports
             of
             her
             ill
             shape
             ,
             her
             yellow
             colour
             ,
             her
             gag
             tooth
             ,
             her
             Lump
             under
             her
             chin
             ,
             and
             her
             hand
             with
             six
             fingers
             :
             but
             because
             all
             this
             agrees
             ill
             to
             the
             Mistress
             of
             a
             King
             ,
             he
             ,
             to
             soften
             that
             ,
             
             adds
             a
             long
             Character
             of
             her
             Wit
             ,
             her
             Air
             and
             Humour
             ,
             in
             which
             he
             lays
             her
             charms
             ,
             and
             here
             he
             takes
             all
             the
             licences
             of
             a
             Poët
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             of
             a
             Painter
             .
          
        
         
           But
           as
           several
           of
           her
           Pictures
           ,
           yet
           extant
           ,
           shew
           the
           folly
           of
           those
           Stories
           ,
           concerning
           her
           Deformity
           ,
           so
           the
           other
           particulars
           of
           this
           Picture
           are
           for
           most
           part
           fetcht
           out
           of
           that
           Repository
           of
           false
           History
           ,
           that
           lies
           in
           Mr.
           Varillas's
           Imagination
           .
        
         
           
             24.
             
             He
             says
             ,
             
             the
             English
             Historians
             ,
             and
             some
             other
             Catholicks
             ,
             agree
             to
             those
             things
             ,
             and
             for
             his
             Vouchers
             he
             cites
             on
             the
             Margent
             ,
             
               Sanders
               ,
               Ribadeneira
            
             and
             Remond
             ;
             but
             they
             add
             many
             other
             particulars
             ,
             thô
             they
             differ
             concerning
             them
             ,
             and
             thô
             he
             will
             not
             affirm
             
             them
             to
             be
             true
             ;
             yet
             he
             thinks
             it
             worth
             the
             while
             to
             set
             them
             down
             .
             They
             say
             ,
             that
             
               Anne
               Boleyn's
            
             true
             Father
             was
             not
             known
             :
             that
             she
             was
             born
             in
             England
             ,
             while
             he
             was
             Ambassadour
             in
             France
             :
             that
             Henry
             the
             8th
             ,
             being
             in
             love
             with
             the
             Mother
             ,
             had
             sent
             away
             her
             Husband
             ,
             that
             so
             he
             might
             satisfy
             his
             Appetites
             more
             freely
             ;
             but
             that
             he
             soon
             quited
             the
             Mother
             for
             her
             eldest
             Daughter
             Mary
             :
             that
             Sr.
             
               Thomas
               Boleyn
            
             at
             his
             return
             to
             England
             ,
             finding
             his
             Wife
             with
             Child
             ,
             begun
             a
             Sute
             against
             her
             ,
             but
             that
             the
             King
             forced
             him
             to
             be
             reconciled
             to
             his
             Wife
             ,
             and
             to
             own
             the
             Child
             that
             she
             bore
             some
             time
             after
             ,
             who
             was
             
               Anne
               Boleyn
            
             :
             that
             this
             Daughter
             at
             the
             Age
             
             of
             15
             ,
             was
             dishonoured
             by
             two
             of
             her
             Father's
             Domesticks
             ,
             upon
             which
             she
             was
             sent
             to
             France
             ,
             where
             she
             was
             so
             common
             a
             Prostitute
             ,
             that
             she
             went
             by
             the
             Name
             of
             the
             English
             Hackney
             :
             that
             she
             was
             a
             common
             subject
             of
             Raillery
             :
             that
             she
             became
             a
             Lutheran
             ,
             thô
             she
             made
             still
             profession
             of
             the
             other
             Religion
             .
             He
             says
             ,
             others
             make
             her
             pass
             for
             a
             Heroïne
             ,
             that
             cannot
             be
             enough
             commended
             ,
             yet
             he
             acknowledges
             there
             are
             not
             Authentical
             Evidences
             left
             ,
             to
             discover
             their
             imposture
             .
          
        
         
           Here
           is
           a
           way
           of
           writing
           ,
           that
           agrees
           well
           with
           Mr.
           Varillas's
           other
           Qualities
           :
           he
           was
           here
           in
           a
           cold
           fit
           ,
           and
           so
           his
           Religion
           did
           not
           operate
           so
           strong
           ,
           as
           to
           disengage
           
           him
           quite
           from
           all
           regard
           to
           truth
           ,
           only
           it
           produces
           one
           start
           ,
           that
           is
           sufficiently
           extravagant
           ,
           for
           he
           accuses
           all
           that
           is
           said
           in
           favours
           of
           
             Anne
             Boleyn
          
           of
           imposture
           ,
           thô
           at
           the
           same
           time
           he
           acknowledges
           ,
           there
           are
           not
           Authentick
           Evidences
           to
           disprove
           it
           ;
           but
           how
           then
           came
           he
           to
           know
           ,
           that
           those
           Commendations
           were
           Impostures
           ?
           He
           answers
           that
           in
           the
           beginning
           of
           this
           Paragraph
           ,
           and
           cites
           in
           general
           the
           Historians
           of
           England
           and
           other
           Catholick
           Writers
           :
           and
           for
           the
           Historians
           of
           England
           he
           gives
           us
           Sanders
           alone
           ,
           thô
           he
           can
           hardly
           make
           a
           plural
           out
           of
           him
           ,
           unless
           he
           splits
           him
           into
           three
           or
           four
           subdivisions
           ,
           as
           he
           had
           done
           Charles
           the
           5th
           ,
           when
           he
           reckoned
           up
           the
           Emperour
           
           and
           the
           King
           of
           Spain
           as
           two
           of
           the
           Pretenders
           to
           the
           Princess
           Mary
           .
           But
           thô
           I
           have
           in
           my
           History
           demonstrated
           the
           falsehood
           of
           all
           this
           Legend
           so
           evidently
           ,
           that
           I
           had
           perhaps
           wearied
           my
           Reader
           ,
           by
           prooving
           that
           too
           copiously
           ,
           yet
           since
           I
           see
           that
           nature
           can
           croud
           so
           much
           impudence
           in
           Mr.
           Varillas
           alone
           ,
           as
           might
           serve
           even
           the
           whole
           Order
           of
           the
           Jesuites
           ,
           and
           that
           he
           is
           resolved
           to
           keep
           up
           the
           credit
           of
           the
           blackest
           falsehoods
           ,
           as
           the
           Church
           of
           Rome
           preserves
           still
           in
           her
           Breviary
           a
           great
           many
           Lessons
           with
           Prayers
           and
           Anthems
           ,
           relating
           to
           them
           ,
           that
           are
           now
           by
           the
           consent
           of
           learned
           Men
           exploded
           as
           Fables
           ,
           I
           must
           again
           lay
           open
           this
           matter
           ,
           thô
           I
           thought
           I
           had
           so
           fully
           confuted
           
           those
           Lies
           ,
           that
           even
           a
           Pension
           could
           not
           have
           engaged
           a
           Man
           to
           support
           them
           any
           more
           .
        
         
           It
           may
           seem
           enough
           to
           an
           impartial
           Mind
           ,
           that
           Sanders
           was
           the
           first
           ,
           that
           ever
           published
           those
           Stories
           ,
           above
           50
           years
           after
           
             Anne
             Boleyn's
          
           Death
           :
           that
           thô
           Card.
           Pool
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           Writers
           of
           that
           Time
           ,
           had
           left
           nothing
           unsaid
           ,
           that
           could
           blacken
           K.
           Henry
           ;
           yet
           none
           of
           them
           had
           brow
           enough
           to
           assert
           Sanders's
           Fictions
           :
           and
           that
           after
           
             Anne
             Boleyn's
          
           Tragical
           Fall
           ,
           when
           her
           Misfortunes
           had
           made
           it
           a
           fashionable
           thing
           to
           blacken
           her
           ,
           yet
           these
           impostures
           were
           reserved
           for
           Sanders
           ,
           and
           for
           an
           Age
           ,
           in
           which
           he
           and
           many
           others
           of
           his
           Church
           were
           setting
           on
           many
           Rebellions
           and
           
           Conspiracies
           against
           Q.
           Elisabeth
           ,
           they
           were
           so
           powerfully
           acted
           by
           Mr.
           Varillas's
           Spirit
           of
           Religion
           ,
           thô
           they
           had
           not
           the
           folly
           to
           own
           it
           ,
           as
           he
           has
           done
           ,
           as
           to
           give
           themselves
           the
           liberty
           to
           say
           the
           foulest
           things
           against
           the
           Mother
           ,
           without
           giving
           themselves
           the
           trouble
           to
           enquire
           ,
           whither
           they
           were
           true
           or
           false
           :
           and
           the
           things
           here
           advanced
           are
           of
           such
           a
           nature
           ,
           that
           either
           they
           must
           be
           evidently
           true
           ,
           or
           they
           are
           notoriously
           false
           ;
           for
           an
           Embassy
           into
           France
           of
           such
           a
           continuance
           ,
           a
           Sute
           moved
           upon
           Sr.
           
             Tho.
             Boleyn's
          
           return
           ,
           were
           publick
           matters
           ,
           and
           must
           have
           lien
           open
           to
           a
           discovery
           .
           The
           whole
           Recital
           is
           impossible
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           told
           ;
           for
           if
           she
           was
           born
           after
           Sr.
           
             Tho.
             Boleyn
          
           return'd
           from
           an
           Embassy
           ,
           to
           
           which
           King
           Henry
           had
           sent
           him
           ,
           that
           he
           might
           enjoy
           his
           Wife
           ,
           and
           in
           which
           he
           staid
           two
           years
           ,
           as
           Sanders
           says
           ;
           then
           since
           King
           Henry
           came
           to
           the
           Crown
           in
           the
           year
           1509
           ,
           she
           must
           be
           born
           in
           the
           year
           1511
           ,
           and
           then
           the
           15th
           year
           of
           her
           Age
           will
           fall
           in
           the
           year
           1526
           ,
           and
           it
           being
           certain
           that
           the
           King
           began
           to
           court
           her
           in
           the
           year
           1527
           ,
           here
           is
           not
           time
           enough
           for
           her
           Leudness
           and
           her
           long
           stay
           in
           France
           .
           But
           it
           is
           certain
           that
           she
           was
           born
           in
           the
           year
           1507
           ,
           two
           years
           before
           K.
           Henry
           came
           to
           the
           Crown
           ,
           and
           when
           he
           was
           but
           14
           years
           old
           ,
           and
           that
           at
           7
           years
           old
           she
           went
           over
           to
           France
           with
           K.
           Henry's
           Sister
           ,
           when
           she
           was
           married
           to
           Lewis
           the
           12th
           ;
           and
           thô
           upon
           that
           King's
           Death
           the
           Queen
           
           Dowager
           of
           France
           came
           soon
           after
           back
           into
           England
           ,
           yet
           
             Anne
             Boleyn
          
           staid
           still
           in
           France
           ,
           and
           was
           in
           the
           service
           of
           
             Claud
             Francis's
          
           the
           first
           's
           Queen
           ,
           and
           after
           her
           Death
           the
           King's
           Sister
           ,
           the
           Dutchess
           of
           Alençon
           ,
           took
           her
           into
           her
           service
           ,
           and
           these
           two
           Princesses
           were
           so
           celebrated
           for
           their
           Vertue
           ,
           that
           this
           alone
           is
           enough
           to
           shew
           ,
           that
           she
           was
           then
           under
           no
           infamy
           ,
           since
           she
           was
           of
           their
           Family
           .
           She
           was
           also
           Maid
           of
           Honour
           to
           our
           Queen
           Katherine
           ,
           who
           ,
           even
           by
           Mr.
           Varillas's
           Character
           ,
           was
           of
           too
           severe
           a
           Vertue
           to
           admit
           a
           common
           Prostitute
           to
           that
           degree
           of
           Honour
           .
           So
           that
           here
           is
           more
           than
           enough
           to
           discredit
           all
           those
           Calumnies
           .
        
         
           
             25.
             
             He
             says
             ,
             
             thô
             there
             is
             not
             
             Evidence
             enough
             in
             the
             former
             Reports
             ,
             yet
             there
             is
             a
             certain
             proof
             for
             K.
             Henry's
             disorders
             with
             the
             Elder
             of
             the
             two
             Sisters
             ,
             
               Mary
               Boleyn
            
             ,
             since
             in
             the
             demand
             ,
             that
             K.
             Henry
             made
             for
             a
             permission
             to
             marry
             Anne
             ,
             he
             confessed
             his
             disorders
             with
             her
             Sister
             ,
             and
             offered
             to
             do
             Pennance
             for
             them
             :
             and
             to
             vouch
             for
             this
             ,
             he
             cites
             King
             Henry's
             Petition
             to
             P.
             Clement
             the
             7th
             .
          
        
         
           Here
           Mr.
           Varillas
           shews
           ,
           how
           little
           he
           understands
           the
           advantages
           that
           he
           has
           ,
           to
           maintain
           his
           Assertions
           ,
           since
           there
           is
           an
           Authority
           for
           this
           last
           ,
           that
           has
           more
           appearance
           of
           truth
           in
           it
           ,
           than
           all
           his
           other
           Citations
           put
           together
           ,
           thô
           his
           ignorance
           made
           him
           incapable
           of
           finding
           it
           out
           .
           
           For
           Cardinal
           Pool
           ,
           in
           his
           Book
           against
           K.
           Henry
           ,
           objects
           this
           to
           him
           ,
           and
           this
           has
           a
           fair
           appearance
           :
           whereas
           the
           Petition
           ,
           that
           he
           cites
           ,
           is
           a
           Dream
           of
           his
           own
           ,
           that
           was
           never
           before
           heard
           of
           .
           But
           thô
           I
           have
           said
           more
           for
           the
           honour
           of
           Cardinal
           Pool
           ,
           than
           all
           the
           Panegiricks
           that
           have
           been
           given
           him
           ,
           amount
           to
           ,
           yet
           I
           am
           very
           well
           assured
           ,
           that
           in
           this
           particular
           he
           was
           abused
           by
           Reports
           ,
           to
           which
           he
           gave
           too
           easy
           a
           belief
           :
           for
           as
           all
           the
           Original
           Instructions
           and
           Dispatches
           ,
           that
           were
           made
           upon
           that
           Affair
           ,
           are
           yet
           extant
           ,
           in
           which
           there
           is
           not
           one
           Word
           relating
           to
           this
           matter
           ;
           so
           it
           is
           plain
           ,
           that
           the
           Affair
           was
           never
           so
           far
           advanced
           ,
           as
           to
           demand
           a
           permission
           for
           a
           second
           Mariage
           ,
           
           since
           that
           could
           never
           be
           so
           much
           as
           asked
           ,
           till
           the
           first
           was
           dissolved
           ,
           and
           that
           not
           being
           gained
           ,
           there
           was
           not
           room
           made
           for
           it
           .
           If
           the
           King
           had
           given
           such
           advantages
           against
           himself
           ,
           as
           to
           have
           put
           such
           a
           Confession
           in
           a
           Petition
           to
           the
           Pope
           ,
           is
           it
           to
           be
           imagined
           ,
           that
           the
           Popes
           would
           not
           have
           discovered
           this
           in
           some
           Authentical
           manner
           ,
           and
           even
           have
           put
           it
           in
           the
           Thundering
           Bull
           ,
           that
           was
           afterwards
           published
           against
           him
           ?
           for
           this
           alone
           proved
           his
           Hypocrisy
           of
           pretending
           scruples
           of
           Conscience
           at
           his
           Mariage
           beyond
           exception
           ;
           and
           if
           the
           King
           acted
           in
           this
           matter
           without
           any
           regard
           to
           Conscience
           ,
           it
           is
           unreasonable
           to
           represent
           him
           as
           so
           strictly
           Conscientious
           ,
           and
           that
           he
           would
           
           have
           confessed
           so
           scandalous
           a
           secret
           ,
           and
           so
           to
           have
           put
           himself
           in
           the
           power
           of
           those
           ,
           of
           whom
           he
           could
           not
           be
           well
           assured
           .
        
         
           
             26.
             
             He
             gives
             us
             a
             long
             account
             of
             Wolsey's
             design
             ,
             
             to
             engage
             the
             King
             to
             marry
             the
             Dutchess
             of
             Alençon
             .
             Of
             the
             Bishop
             of
             Tarke's
             being
             sent
             over
             to
             bring
             the
             English
             Princess
             into
             France
             ,
             upon
             her
             being
             contracted
             to
             the
             Dauphin
             .
             And
             of
             Wolsey's
             prevailing
             with
             him
             ,
             to
             let
             that
             Proposition
             fall
             ,
             and
             to
             set
             on
             another
             ,
             for
             a
             Mariage
             between
             the
             King
             of
             England
             and
             the
             Dutchess
             of
             Alençon
             .
             And
             that
             the
             Bp.
             of
             Tarke
             was
             cheated
             by
             Wolsey
             ;
             and
             being
             in
             the
             interests
             of
             the
             Dutchess
             of
             Alençon
             ,
             he
             demanded
             a
             publick
             Audience
             of
             the
             King
             ,
             
             in
             the
             presence
             of
             the
             Council
             ,
             in
             which
             he
             imployed
             all
             his
             Eloquence
             to
             persuade
             him
             to
             divorce
             his
             Queen
             ,
             and
             to
             marry
             the
             most
             Christian
             King's
             Sister
             .
          
        
         
           In
           all
           this
           matter
           Mr.
           Varillas
           is
           only
           the
           Copier
           of
           Sanders
           ,
           yet
           he
           cannot
           tell
           another
           Man's
           Lie
           ,
           without
           mixing
           some
           additions
           of
           his
           own
           ;
           for
           the
           Bp.
           of
           Tarke's
           being
           sent
           over
           ,
           to
           demand
           the
           Princess
           ,
           is
           one
           of
           the
           fruits
           of
           his
           own
           Religion
           .
           But
           thô
           a
           Pedant
           of
           a
           Priest
           ,
           such
           as
           Sanders
           ,
           had
           told
           so
           improbable
           a
           Story
           ;
           yet
           it
           ill
           became
           a
           Man
           ,
           that
           pretends
           to
           know
           Courts
           ,
           and
           the
           Negotiations
           of
           Ambassadours
           ,
           as
           Mr.
           Varillas
           does
           ,
           to
           assert
           such
           improbabilities
           ,
           as
           that
           an
           Ambassadour
           sent
           express
           to
           demand
           
           a
           Princess
           for
           his
           Master's
           Son
           ,
           which
           was
           the
           greatest
           advantage
           that
           France
           could
           have
           possibly
           hoped
           for
           ,
           should
           be
           so
           far
           wrought
           on
           by
           the
           Minister
           of
           the
           Court
           ,
           to
           which
           he
           was
           sent
           ,
           as
           not
           only
           to
           let
           all
           this
           fall
           ;
           but
           to
           make
           a
           new
           Proposition
           for
           the
           illegitimating
           of
           the
           young
           Princess
           ,
           and
           for
           offering
           his
           Master's
           Sister
           to
           King
           Henry
           ,
           and
           all
           this
           without
           any
           Instructions
           from
           his
           Master
           ,
           and
           thereby
           exposing
           the
           Dutchess
           of
           Alençon
           to
           the
           scorn
           of
           being
           rejected
           ,
           after
           she
           was
           so
           publickly
           offered
           to
           the
           King
           of
           England
           ;
           thô
           every
           Body
           knows
           ,
           that
           the
           first
           offers
           of
           Princesses
           are
           made
           in
           secret
           .
           And
           after
           all
           this
           ,
           that
           the
           Bishop
           of
           Tarke
           ,
           who
           not
           only
           exceeded
           his
           Instructions
           ,
           but
           acted
           
           contrary
           to
           them
           in
           so
           important
           a
           matter
           ,
           was
           neither
           recalled
           ,
           nor
           disgraced
           ;
           but
           on
           the
           contrary
           ,
           he
           was
           afterwards
           promoted
           to
           be
           a
           Cardinal
           by
           the
           recommendation
           of
           the
           Court
           of
           France
           ;
           and
           he
           being
           a
           Cardinal
           ,
           and
           seeing
           afterwards
           how
           he
           was
           abused
           ,
           if
           we
           may
           believe
           this
           Fable
           ,
           is
           it
           to
           be
           supposed
           ,
           that
           he
           ,
           either
           out
           of
           his
           own
           Zeal
           for
           the
           Court
           of
           Rome
           ,
           or
           by
           the
           Accusations
           that
           naturally
           such
           a
           Proposition
           ,
           begun
           by
           him
           ,
           must
           have
           brought
           on
           him
           ,
           would
           not
           have
           told
           all
           this
           secret
           afterwards
           ?
           In
           short
           ,
           as
           this
           Relation
           contains
           many
           particulars
           in
           it
           ,
           that
           are
           not
           according
           to
           the
           Forms
           of
           our
           Court
           ,
           such
           as
           his
           demanding
           an
           Audience
           in
           the
           presence
           of
           the
           
           Council
           (
           for
           it
           seems
           ,
           as
           Mr.
           Varillas
           set
           our
           Parliaments
           above
           our
           Kings
           ,
           he
           will
           make
           the
           Privy
           Council
           equal
           to
           them
           )
           so
           the
           whole
           is
           so
           contrary
           to
           all
           the
           Methods
           of
           Ambassadours
           ,
           that
           this
           would
           scarce
           pass
           ,
           if
           it
           related
           to
           the
           transactions
           of
           the
           Courts
           of
           China
           or
           Iapan
           ;
           but
           it
           is
           so
           gross
           an
           imposition
           on
           such
           as
           know
           the
           Methods
           of
           the
           Courts
           of
           Europe
           ,
           that
           Mr.
           Varillas
           presumed
           too
           much
           on
           the
           credulity
           of
           his
           Readers
           ,
           when
           he
           thought
           that
           this
           could
           be
           believed
           :
           and
           
             si
             non
             è
             vero
             ,
             il
             è
             ben
             trovato
             ,
          
           is
           so
           necessary
           a
           Character
           for
           a
           Man
           to
           maintain
           ,
           that
           would
           have
           his
           Books
           sell
           well
           ,
           which
           I
           am
           told
           is
           Mr.
           Varillas's
           chief
           Design
           ,
           that
           he
           had
           best
           find
           out
           some
           Judge
           of
           his
           
           Pieces
           ,
           that
           has
           a
           true
           Understanding
           ,
           since
           it
           is
           plain
           ,
           that
           he
           has
           not
           sence
           enough
           himself
           to
           make
           a
           right
           Judgment
           in
           such
           matters
           .
        
         
           
             27.
             
             He
             says
             ,
             
             when
             Cardinal
             Wolsey
             went
             over
             into
             France
             he
             caried
             a
             Commission
             to
             consult
             the
             Universities
             of
             France
             ,
             touching
             the
             King's
             Divorce
             ;
             but
             that
             the
             change
             of
             Affairs
             in
             Italy
             ,
             made
             the
             King
             to
             recal
             him
             ;
             who
             was
             strangely
             surprised
             ,
             when
             he
             found
             that
             the
             King
             had
             no
             thoughts
             of
             marrying
             the
             Dutchess
             of
             Alençon
             ,
             and
             that
             he
             was
             become
             so
             much
             in
             love
             with
             
               Anne
               Boleyn
            
             ,
             that
             he
             was
             resolved
             to
             marry
             her
             on
             any
             Terms
             .
          
        
         
           It
           is
           an
           unfortunate
           thing
           for
           a
           Man
           ,
           to
           have
           heard
           too
           much
           ,
           
           and
           to
           have
           read
           too
           little
           of
           History
           :
           for
           as
           the
           one
           gives
           him
           much
           confidence
           ,
           so
           the
           other
           exposes
           him
           to
           many
           Errours
           .
           Mr.
           Varillas
           had
           heard
           ,
           that
           K.
           Henry
           had
           consulted
           many
           Universities
           ;
           but
           not
           knowing
           where
           to
           place
           this
           ,
           he
           fancied
           ,
           that
           it
           must
           be
           the
           first
           step
           in
           the
           whole
           Matter
           .
           But
           he
           knew
           not
           ,
           that
           this
           was
           not
           thought
           on
           ,
           till
           after
           a
           Sute
           of
           above
           two
           Years
           continuance
           ,
           in
           which
           the
           King
           saw
           ,
           how
           he
           was
           deluded
           by
           the
           Court
           of
           Rome
           ;
           and
           upon
           that
           ,
           he
           took
           the
           other
           Method
           of
           consulting
           the
           Universities
           .
           All
           his
           speculations
           concerning
           Card.
           Wolsey
           ,
           are
           built
           on
           the
           common
           Mistake
           ,
           that
           supposes
           him
           ignorant
           of
           the
           King's
           intentions
           for
           
             Anne
             Boleyn
          
           ,
           the
           falsehood
           
           of
           which
           I
           have
           sufficiently
           demonstrated
           .
        
         
           
             28.
             
             He
             tells
             us
             ,
             
             that
             Card.
             Wolsey
             having
             once
             several
             Bishops
             to
             dine
             with
             them
             ,
             the
             King
             knowing
             of
             it
             ,
             went
             to
             them
             after
             Dinner
             ,
             and
             made
             a
             Writing
             to
             be
             read
             to
             them
             ,
             that
             set
             forth
             the
             Reasons
             against
             his
             Mariage
             :
             the
             Bishops
             did
             not
             approve
             it
             quite
             ;
             yet
             they
             were
             so
             complying
             ,
             as
             to
             say
             ,
             that
             if
             those
             things
             were
             true
             ,
             his
             scruples
             were
             well
             grounded
             .
          
        
         
           This
           was
           too
           important
           a
           thing
           ,
           not
           be
           made
           appear
           probable
           by
           some
           of
           his
           pretended
           Vouchers
           ,
           thô
           it
           is
           most
           certainly
           false
           ;
           for
           a
           Resolution
           ,
           signed
           by
           all
           the
           Bishops
           of
           England
           ,
           except
           Fisher
           ,
           was
           produced
           before
           
           the
           Legates
           ,
           to
           shew
           how
           well
           the
           King's
           scruples
           were
           grounded
           .
        
         
           
             29.
             
             He
             says
             ,
             
             the
             Privy
             Councel
             acted
             more
             steadily
             ,
             and
             intended
             to
             give
             the
             King
             an
             undeniable
             proof
             of
             his
             Mistresses
             Lewdness
             ;
             for
             Sr.
             
               Thomas
               Wiat
            
             ,
             that
             had
             obtained
             of
             her
             the
             last
             favours
             ,
             was
             willing
             to
             let
             the
             King
             know
             it
             ;
             and
             so
             being
             of
             the
             Privy
             Councel
             ,
             he
             not
             only
             owned
             the
             matter
             to
             the
             rest
             of
             that
             Board
             ,
             but
             was
             content
             to
             let
             the
             King
             know
             it
             ;
             and
             when
             he
             found
             that
             the
             King
             would
             not
             believe
             it
             ,
             he
             offered
             to
             make
             the
             King
             himself
             an
             Eye-witness
             to
             their
             Privacies
             ;
             but
             thô
             the
             Duke
             of
             Suffolk
             made
             this
             bold
             Proposition
             to
             the
             King
             ,
             he
             was
             so
             far
             from
             
             hearkning
             to
             it
             ,
             that
             Wiat
             was
             disgraced
             upon
             it
             ,
             and
             by
             this
             means
             the
             Mistress
             was
             covered
             from
             such
             dangerous
             Discoveries
             for
             the
             future
             .
          
        
         
           Such
           a
           Story
           as
           this
           might
           have
           passed
           from
           a
           Sanders
           ,
           that
           knew
           the
           World
           little
           ;
           but
           in
           earnest
           ,
           it
           seems
           the
           fits
           of
           Mr.
           Varillas's
           Religion
           are
           strong
           even
           to
           Extasy
           ,
           since
           they
           make
           him
           write
           as
           extravagantly
           of
           humane
           Affairs
           ,
           as
           if
           he
           had
           passed
           his
           whole
           Life
           in
           a
           Desert
           .
           A
           Man
           that
           knows
           what
           humane
           Nature
           is
           ,
           cannot
           think
           that
           Wiat
           would
           have
           either
           so
           far
           betraied
           Mrs.
           Boleyn
           ,
           or
           exposed
           himself
           ,
           as
           to
           have
           made
           such
           a
           Discovery
           ;
           it
           being
           more
           natural
           for
           a
           Man
           ,
           that
           was
           assured
           of
           a
           young
           Lady's
           Favour
           ,
           to
           contribute
           
           to
           her
           Elevation
           ,
           since
           that
           must
           have
           raised
           himself
           ,
           than
           to
           contrive
           her
           Ruin.
           And
           K.
           Henry
           ,
           whose
           imperious
           temper
           gave
           him
           a
           particular
           Disposition
           to
           Jealousy
           ,
           must
           have
           been
           of
           different
           composition
           from
           all
           the
           rest
           of
           Mankind
           ,
           if
           he
           could
           have
           rejected
           a
           Discovery
           of
           this
           nature
           .
           And
           when
           the
           secrets
           of
           Jealousies
           are
           opened
           to
           Princes
           ,
           it
           is
           too
           gross
           ,
           even
           for
           a
           Romance
           ,
           to
           make
           the
           Discoverer
           to
           begin
           with
           the
           Councel-board
           ,
           and
           to
           procure
           a
           Deputation
           from
           them
           ,
           to
           acquaint
           the
           King
           with
           them
           .
           But
           as
           Wiat
           does
           not
           appear
           to
           have
           been
           a
           Privy
           Councelour
           ,
           till
           near
           the
           end
           of
           K.
           Henry's
           Reign
           ;
           so
           it
           is
           plain
           enough
           ,
           he
           was
           never
           disgraced
           ,
           but
           continued
           to
           be
           still
           
           imploied
           by
           the
           King
           in
           some
           forreign
           Embassies
           ,
           to
           the
           end
           of
           his
           Life
           .
        
         
           
             30.
             
             He
             says
             ,
             
             
               Anne
               Boleyn
            
             endeavoured
             ,
             thô
             in
             vain
             ,
             to
             engage
             Sr.
             
               Thomas
               More
            
             to
             negociate
             her
             Affair
             ;
             but
             he
             being
             proof
             against
             all
             corruption
             ,
             Gardiner
             ,
             that
             was
             a
             Canonist
             ,
             was
             made
             Secretary
             of
             State
             ,
             and
             was
             sent
             to
             Rome
             with
             My-Lord
             Brian
             ,
             who
             scandalised
             all
             Rome
             with
             his
             lewd
             behaviour
             ;
             and
             had
             the
             impudence
             to
             assure
             the
             Pope
             ,
             that
             the
             Queen
             desired
             to
             be
             divorced
             ,
             that
             so
             she
             might
             retire
             into
             a
             Monastery
             .
             And
             made
             other
             offers
             of
             great
             advantage
             to
             the
             Pope
             ,
             in
             case
             he
             would
             allow
             the
             Divorce
             .
          
        
         
           Mr.
           Varillas
           cannot
           say
           too
           
           much
           in
           Sr.
           
             Thomas
             More
             's
          
           commendation
           ;
           but
           since
           he
           was
           a
           Man
           of
           so
           much
           Sincerity
           ,
           it
           is
           certain
           ,
           that
           he
           approved
           of
           the
           Divorce
           :
           for
           in
           a
           Letter
           ,
           that
           his
           own
           Family
           printed
           among
           his
           other
           Works
           ,
           in
           Q.
           Mary's
           Reign
           ,
           he
           ,
           writing
           to
           Cromwel
           ,
           owns
           ,
           that
           he
           had
           approved
           of
           the
           Divorce
           ,
           and
           that
           he
           had
           great
           hopes
           of
           the
           King's
           success
           in
           it
           ,
           as
           long
           as
           it
           was
           prosecuted
           in
           the
           Court
           of
           Rome
           ,
           and
           founded
           on
           the
           defects
           that
           were
           pretended
           to
           be
           in
           the
           Bull
           ;
           and
           after
           that
           most
           of
           the
           Universities
           and
           of
           the
           learned
           Men
           of
           Europe
           had
           given
           their
           Opinions
           in
           favours
           of
           the
           Divorce
           ,
           four
           years
           after
           it
           was
           first
           moved
           ,
           he
           being
           then
           Chancellour
           ,
           went
           down
           to
           the
           House
           of
           Commons
           
           and
           made
           those
           Decisions
           to
           be
           read
           there
           ,
           and
           upon
           that
           he
           desired
           the
           Members
           of
           Parliament
           to
           report
           in
           their
           Countries
           ,
           that
           which
           they
           had
           heard
           and
           seen
           ;
           and
           added
           these
           very
           Words
           ,
           
             and
             then
             all
             Men
             will
             openly
             perceive
             ,
             that
             the
             King
             has
             not
             attempted
             this
             Matter
             for
             his
             Will
             and
             Pleasure
             ,
             but
             only
             for
             the
             discharge
             of
             his
             Conscience
             .
          
           Upon
           Wolsey's
           Disgrace
           ,
           he
           was
           made
           Chancellour
           ,
           and
           continued
           in
           that
           high
           trust
           almost
           three
           years
           ;
           which
           is
           an
           evident
           sign
           that
           he
           did
           not
           then
           oppose
           the
           Divorce
           ;
           nor
           did
           he
           grow
           disgusted
           of
           the
           Court
           ,
           till
           he
           saw
           that
           the
           King
           was
           upon
           the
           point
           of
           breaking
           with
           the
           See
           of
           Rome
           .
           So
           that
           he
           would
           have
           liked
           the
           Divorce
           ,
           if
           the
           Pope
           could
           have
           been
           prevailed
           
           with
           to
           allow
           it
           ;
           but
           he
           did
           not
           approve
           of
           the
           King
           's
           procuring
           it
           another
           way
           .
           Mr.
           Varillas
           is
           no
           happier
           in
           the
           other
           parts
           of
           this
           Article
           :
           for
           Gardiner
           was
           not
           sent
           first
           to
           Rome
           ,
           to
           negotiate
           this
           matter
           .
           Knight
           that
           was
           Secretary
           of
           State
           ,
           was
           first
           imploied
           ;
           and
           Gardiner
           was
           not
           made
           Secretary
           of
           State
           ,
           till
           near
           the
           end
           of
           this
           Negotiation
           :
           nor
           was
           he
           ever
           sent
           to
           Rome
           with
           Brian
           :
           nor
           was
           Brian
           a
           Lord
           ,
           but
           only
           a
           Knight
           ;
           and
           it
           was
           a
           year
           after
           this
           Sute
           was
           first
           begun
           ,
           before
           Brian
           was
           imploied
           in
           it
           ;
           so
           that
           he
           could
           carry
           no
           such
           deluding
           Message
           to
           the
           Pope
           ,
           concerning
           the
           Queen's
           desiring
           the
           Divorce
           .
           And
           for
           this
           pretension
           of
           the
           Queen's
           desiring
           to
           retire
           to
           a
           Monastery
           ,
           it
           was
           never
           
           made
           use
           of
           by
           the
           English
           Ambassadours
           .
           It
           was
           on
           the
           contrary
           a
           notion
           of
           the
           Pope's
           ,
           who
           thought
           ,
           that
           if
           that
           could
           be
           put
           in
           her
           Head
           ,
           it
           would
           be
           the
           easiest
           Method
           of
           getting
           out
           of
           this
           uneasy
           matter
           :
           and
           therefore
           he
           ordered
           his
           Legate
           Card.
           Campegio
           ,
           to
           advise
           the
           Queen
           to
           it
           .
           And
           for
           the
           scandals
           of
           Brian's
           Life
           ,
           they
           must
           have
           been
           very
           great
           ,
           if
           they
           gave
           offence
           at
           Rome
           at
           that
           time
           :
           but
           as
           I
           can
           not
           answer
           much
           for
           Brian
           ,
           so
           I
           will
           not
           trouble
           my self
           to
           vindicate
           him
           ;
           but
           he
           could
           not
           behave
           him
           more
           indecently
           at
           Rome
           ,
           than
           Campegio
           did
           in
           England
           ,
           when
           he
           came
           over
           Legate
           ,
           who
           scandalised
           even
           the
           Court
           with
           his
           lewd
           behaviour
           .
        
         
           
             31.
             
             He
             says
             ,
             
             the
             Pope
             was
             
             sensible
             of
             his
             obligations
             to
             the
             King
             ,
             and
             resolved
             to
             do
             all
             he
             could
             to
             gratify
             him
             ,
             and
             so
             ordered
             Cajetan
             to
             examine
             the
             matter
             ,
             who
             did
             it
             in
             his
             manner
             ,
             after
             the
             Method
             of
             the
             Schools
             .
             And
             here
             he
             gives
             us
             an
             abstract
             of
             his
             Book
             .
             He
             laid
             this
             down
             for
             a
             Maxime
             ,
             that
             the
             High-Priest
             under
             the
             N.
             Testament
             had
             no
             less
             Authority
             ,
             than
             the
             High-Priest
             had
             under
             the
             Law
             of
             Moses
             ,
             who
             had
             power
             to
             allow
             of
             such
             Mariages
             ,
             to
             good
             ends
             and
             in
             good
             Circumstances
             ;
             and
             that
             the
             end
             of
             this
             Mariage
             was
             noble
             :
             that
             the
             Crowns
             of
             England
             and
             Spain
             being
             united
             ,
             might
             send
             their
             Fleets
             to
             block
             up
             Constantinople
             .
             And
             that
             by
             this
             Mariage
             ,
             as
             Italy
             was
             to
             be
             
             set
             at
             Peace
             ,
             so
             K.
             Henry
             was
             diverted
             from
             marrying
             into
             Families
             suspect
             of
             Heresy
             :
             and
             that
             therefore
             the
             Pope
             could
             not
             grant
             a
             Dispensation
             for
             annulling
             it
             .
             And
             with
             his
             usual
             Confidence
             ,
             he
             cites
             on
             the
             Margent
             Cajetan's
             Consultation
             .
             And
             this
             ,
             he
             says
             ,
             confirmed
             the
             Pope
             in
             his
             Resolution
             ,
             not
             to
             grant
             the
             Dispensation
             for
             breaking
             the
             Mariage
             upon
             any
             Terms
             whatsoever
             .
          
        
         
           I
           have
           given
           such
           Authentick
           Demonstrations
           of
           the
           Falsehood
           of
           this
           Particular
           ,
           that
           I
           am
           sure
           the
           strongest
           Fit
           of
           Mr.
           Varillas's
           Religion
           can
           not
           resist
           them
           .
           For
           the
           Pope
           ,
           upon
           the
           first
           Proposition
           ,
           franckly
           granted
           the
           Dispensation
           ,
           and
           only
           consulted
           with
           some
           Cardinals
           about
           the
           
           Methods
           of
           doing
           it
           :
           and
           afterwards
           he
           sent
           one
           over
           to
           England
           ,
           and
           promised
           ,
           that
           he
           would
           do
           ,
           not
           only
           all
           that
           he
           could
           grant
           either
           in
           Law
           or
           Justice
           ;
           but
           every
           thing
           else
           that
           he
           could
           grant
           out
           of
           that
           plenitude
           of
           Power
           ,
           with
           which
           he
           was
           vested
           in
           the
           King's
           favour
           .
           The
           Pope
           also
           proposed
           a
           Method
           ,
           that
           perhaps
           would
           have
           brought
           the
           matter
           to
           an
           easier
           issue
           ,
           which
           was
           ,
           that
           if
           the
           King
           was
           satisfied
           in
           his
           own
           Conscience
           concerning
           the
           Divorce
           ,
           in
           which
           he
           did
           not
           think
           that
           there
           was
           a
           Doctor
           in
           the
           whole
           World
           ,
           that
           could
           judg
           so
           well
           as
           himself
           ,
           then
           he
           might
           put
           away
           his
           Queen
           ,
           and
           marry
           another
           ,
           and
           then
           the
           Pope
           would
           confirm
           all
           .
           For
           the
           crafty
           
           Pope
           thought
           ,
           it
           would
           be
           easier
           for
           him
           to
           confirm
           it
           ,
           when
           it
           was
           once
           done
           ,
           than
           to
           give
           Authority
           to
           do
           it
           :
           and
           in
           short
           ,
           the
           Pope
           made
           the
           King
           still
           believe
           ,
           that
           he
           would
           do
           it
           ,
           till
           by
           that
           means
           he
           brought
           the
           Emperour
           to
           grant
           him
           all
           he
           desired
           .
           And
           as
           for
           Cajetan's
           opinion
           ,
           I
           am
           now
           in
           a
           Countrey
           where
           I
           cannot
           find
           his
           Works
           ,
           so
           I
           cannot
           be
           so
           positive
           in
           this
           matter
           ;
           but
           as
           far
           as
           my
           Memory
           serves
           me
           ,
           Cajetan
           writ
           nothing
           with
           relation
           to
           this
           matter
           :
           but
           only
           in
           the
           body
           of
           his
           School-Divinity
           ,
           that
           he
           had
           published
           long
           before
           this
           Sute
           began
           ,
           he
           had
           set
           on
           foot
           a
           new
           Opinion
           ,
           touching
           the
           Prohibitions
           of
           marrying
           in
           near
           Degrees
           ,
           which
           the
           Church
           by
           a
           
           constant
           Tradition
           had
           in
           all
           Times
           lookt
           on
           as
           Moral
           Laws
           ;
           whereas
           he
           asserted
           ,
           they
           were
           only
           Positive
           Precepts
           ,
           that
           did
           not
           bind
           under
           the
           Christian
           Religion
           ,
           and
           by
           consequence
           ,
           that
           there
           was
           no
           Law
           now
           against
           Mariages
           in
           those
           Degrees
           ,
           but
           the
           Law
           of
           the
           Church
           ,
           with
           which
           the
           Pope
           might
           dispense
           .
           In
           all
           the
           Books
           that
           I
           have
           seen
           ,
           that
           were
           writ
           for
           the
           Queen's
           Cause
           ,
           Cajetan's
           Authority
           is
           brought
           ,
           as
           a
           thing
           already
           abroad
           in
           the
           World
           ,
           and
           not
           as
           a
           Consultation
           writ
           upon
           this
           Occasion
           :
           and
           by
           what
           I
           remember
           of
           that
           Cardinal's
           Life
           ,
           it
           is
           said
           ,
           that
           in
           his
           reasonings
           with
           Luther
           he
           had
           found
           himself
           so
           defective
           in
           the
           knowledg
           of
           the
           Scripture
           ,
           that
           whereas
           
           formerly
           he
           had
           given
           himself
           wholly
           to
           the
           Study
           of
           School-Divinity
           ,
           he
           after
           that
           gave
           himself
           entirely
           to
           the
           Study
           of
           the
           Scripture
           ,
           in
           which
           ,
           making
           allowances
           for
           his
           Ignorance
           of
           the
           Original
           Tongues
           ,
           he
           succeeded
           to
           admiration
           .
           But
           thô
           I
           cannot
           procure
           a
           Sight
           of
           his
           Treatise
           concerning
           the
           Degrees
           of
           Mariage
           ,
           the
           Idea
           that
           I
           retain
           of
           his
           solide
           way
           of
           writing
           ,
           makes
           me
           conclude
           ,
           that
           he
           was
           not
           capable
           of
           writing
           in
           so
           trifling
           a
           manner
           ,
           as
           Mr.
           Varillas
           represents
           the
           Matter
           .
           For
           what
           Man
           of
           sense
           could
           say
           ,
           that
           the
           Highpriest
           under
           the
           Jewish
           Religion
           could
           dispense
           with
           a
           Brother's
           marrying
           his
           Brother's
           Widdow
           ,
           in
           some
           cases
           :
           in
           case
           that
           a
           Brother
           died
           without
           
           Children
           ,
           his
           Brother
           ,
           or
           the
           next
           of
           Kin
           ,
           might
           have
           married
           the
           Widdow
           ,
           by
           the
           Dispensation
           that
           the
           Law
           gave
           ,
           and
           not
           by
           a
           Dispensation
           of
           the
           Highpriest
           .
           And
           for
           the
           Ends
           that
           he
           pretends
           of
           those
           two
           Princes
           ,
           going
           to
           block
           up
           Constantinople
           with
           their
           Fleets
           ,
           a
           Man
           must
           be
           ignorant
           in
           History
           to
           the
           Degree
           of
           Mr.
           Varillas
           ,
           to
           imagine
           this
           ,
           since
           as
           the
           Kings
           of
           those
           Times
           had
           no
           Royal
           Fleets
           ,
           but
           were
           forced
           to
           hire
           Merchant
           Vessels
           ,
           when
           they
           had
           occasion
           for
           them
           ;
           so
           the
           blocking
           up
           of
           Constantinople
           was
           too
           bold
           a
           project
           for
           those
           Days
           ,
           and
           does
           not
           seem
           to
           have
           been
           so
           much
           as
           once
           thought
           on
           .
           And
           for
           the
           other
           Ends
           that
           he
           mentions
           ,
           thô
           the
           procuring
           such
           a
           
           Peace
           to
           Italy
           ,
           as
           was
           for
           the
           Interest
           of
           the
           Popes
           ,
           was
           a
           thing
           for
           which
           they
           would
           have
           sacrificed
           any
           thing
           ;
           yet
           this
           differs
           much
           from
           P.
           Iulius
           the
           second
           's
           Character
           ,
           who
           granted
           the
           Dispensation
           ,
           since
           his
           whole
           Reign
           was
           a
           continued
           Imbroilment
           of
           Italy
           .
           Nor
           does
           it
           appear
           that
           K.
           Henry's
           Mariage
           could
           have
           any
           influence
           on
           the
           Peace
           of
           Italy
           ,
           unless
           it
           were
           very
           remote
           .
           And
           as
           for
           the
           other
           Reason
           alledged
           for
           the
           Mariage
           ,
           that
           it
           diverted
           K.
           Henry
           from
           marrying
           into
           Families
           suspect
           of
           Heresy
           ,
           this
           is
           too
           great
           a
           violation
           of
           the
           Costume
           ;
           for
           it
           seems
           Mr.
           Varillas
           had
           the
           present
           State
           of
           Europe
           in
           his
           Head
           ,
           when
           he
           writ
           it
           :
           but
           Cajetan
           could
           not
           write
           this
           ,
           for
           in
           the
           year
           1503
           
           there
           were
           no
           Families
           in
           Europe
           suspect
           of
           Heresy
           :
           so
           that
           all
           this
           reasoning
           ,
           that
           is
           here
           entitled
           to
           Cajetan
           ,
           is
           a
           mass
           of
           Mr.
           Varillas's
           crude
           Imaginations
           ,
           which
           doe
           equally
           discover
           both
           his
           Ignorance
           ,
           and
           his
           want
           of
           Judgment
           .
        
         
           
             32.
             
             He
             accuses
             Mr.
             Beaucaire
             ,
             
             for
             saying
             a
             thing
             ,
             that
             was
             no
             way
             probable
             ,
             when
             he
             affirms
             ,
             that
             Card.
             Campegio
             caried
             over
             to
             England
             a
             Bull
             annulling
             the
             Mariage
             ,
             which
             he
             was
             allowed
             to
             shew
             both
             to
             the
             King
             and
             to
             Card.
             Wolsey
             ,
             but
             that
             this
             was
             only
             an
             artifice
             to
             procure
             him
             the
             more
             credit
             for
             drawing
             out
             the
             Process
             into
             a
             great
             length
             .
          
        
         
           But
           when
           a
           Writer
           rejects
           what
           he
           finds
           affirmed
           by
           another
           ,
           
           that
           lived
           in
           the
           Time
           concerning
           which
           he
           writs
           ,
           he
           ought
           at
           least
           to
           give
           some
           reasons
           to
           justify
           his
           being
           of
           another
           mind
           ;
           since
           it
           is
           a
           little
           too
           bold
           for
           any
           Man
           ,
           of
           a
           temper
           more
           modest
           than
           that
           of
           Mr.
           Varillas
           ,
           to
           deny
           a
           matter
           of
           fact
           ,
           meerly
           because
           he
           thinks
           it
           is
           no
           way
           probable
           :
           but
           it
           is
           not
           only
           probable
           ,
           but
           evidently
           true
           ,
           as
           I
           have
           made
           it
           appear
           beyond
           all
           possibility
           of
           contradiction
           :
           for
           after
           that
           Campegio
           had
           ,
           according
           to
           his
           Instructions
           ,
           shewed
           the
           Bull
           ,
           both
           to
           the
           King
           and
           to
           Wolsey
           ,
           great
           endeavours
           were
           used
           at
           Rome
           to
           procure
           an
           Order
           for
           his
           shewing
           it
           to
           some
           of
           the
           King's
           Ministers
           ;
           but
           the
           Pope
           could
           not
           be
           prevailed
           on
           so
           far
           :
           and
           I
           have
           printed
           an
           Original
           
           Letter
           of
           
             Iohn
             Castalis
          
           ,
           that
           contains
           a
           long
           conference
           that
           he
           had
           with
           the
           Pope
           on
           this
           head
           ;
           by
           which
           it
           appears
           ,
           that
           the
           only
           consideration
           that
           the
           Pope
           had
           before
           his
           Eyes
           in
           this
           whole
           matter
           ,
           was
           the
           Emperour's
           Greatness
           ,
           and
           his
           Fears
           of
           being
           ruined
           ,
           if
           he
           had
           made
           any
           further
           steps
           in
           that
           Affair
           .
        
         
           
             33.
             
             He
             says
             ,
             
             that
             the
             Queen
             having
             thrown
             her self
             at
             the
             King's
             Feet
             ,
             and
             made
             a
             very
             moving
             Speech
             ,
             the
             King
             was
             so
             far
             melted
             with
             it
             ,
             that
             he
             said
             ,
             he
             was
             contented
             to
             refer
             the
             matter
             to
             be
             judged
             by
             the
             Pope
             in
             Person
             ,
             upon
             which
             she
             went
             out
             instantly
             ,
             that
             so
             the
             King
             might
             not
             have
             time
             to
             recal
             that
             ,
             which
             perhaps
             he
             had
             said
             a
             little
             too
             suddenly
             :
             
             and
             that
             she
             always
             claimed
             this
             Promise
             ,
             thô
             the
             King
             had
             no
             regard
             to
             it
             .
          
        
         
           Here
           is
           a
           new
           Fit
           of
           his
           Religion
           ,
           for
           it
           seems
           Sanders
           felt
           not
           those
           vigorous
           motions
           ,
           that
           were
           necessary
           to
           furnish
           out
           his
           Scenes
           :
           and
           therefore
           ,
           thô
           Mr.
           Varillas
           adds
           no
           Discovery
           as
           to
           matters
           of
           fact
           ,
           beyond
           what
           Sanders
           had
           made
           ,
           yet
           he
           has
           the
           more
           copious
           Inventions
           of
           the
           two
           .
           But
           he
           does
           not
           place
           his
           contrivances
           judiciously
           ,
           for
           it
           is
           much
           safer
           to
           dress
           up
           the
           secrets
           of
           the
           Cabinet
           ,
           than
           publick
           Courts
           of
           Judicature
           with
           such
           garnishings
           :
           and
           as
           that
           was
           the
           most
           solemn
           Trial
           ,
           that
           ever
           England
           saw
           ,
           in
           which
           a
           King
           and
           Queen
           appeared
           as
           Delinquents
           ,
           to
           be
           tried
           for
           Incest
           ,
           
           so
           the
           matter
           is
           not
           only
           particularly
           related
           by
           those
           that
           lived
           in
           that
           Time
           ,
           or
           soon
           after
           it
           ;
           but
           the
           Journals
           of
           the
           Court
           are
           yet
           in
           being
           ,
           and
           by
           all
           these
           it
           appears
           ,
           that
           as
           soon
           as
           the
           Queen
           made
           that
           moving
           Speech
           ,
           she
           immediatly
           rise
           and
           went
           out
           ,
           without
           staying
           for
           one
           Word
           of
           Answer
           .
           And
           in
           all
           that
           long
           Sute
           that
           followed
           afterwards
           ,
           for
           obliging
           the
           King
           to
           carry
           on
           the
           Sute
           at
           Rome
           ,
           that
           depended
           for
           three
           years
           ,
           this
           offer
           of
           the
           King
           's
           ,
           if
           it
           had
           any
           other
           being
           but
           that
           which
           Mr.
           Varillas's
           Fiction
           gives
           it
           ,
           would
           have
           been
           certainly
           alledged
           ,
           for
           obliging
           the
           King
           to
           continue
           the
           Process
           at
           Rome
           ;
           but
           it
           was
           never
           so
           much
           as
           mentioned
           ,
           so
           the
           honour
           of
           it
           belongs
           to
           Mr.
           Varillas
           .
        
         
         
           
             34.
             
             He
             says
             ,
             
             that
             in
             the
             Process
             ,
             as
             the
             King's
             Advocates
             produced
             a
             Letter
             ,
             that
             Card.
             Hadrian
             had
             writ
             at
             the
             time
             of
             the
             granting
             the
             Bull
             for
             the
             Mariage
             ,
             that
             he
             had
             heard
             P.
             Iulius
             the
             second
             say
             ,
             that
             he
             could
             not
             grant
             it
             ,
             the
             Queen's
             Advocates
             produced
             likewise
             a
             Letter
             of
             Pope
             Iulius
             to
             the
             King
             of
             England
             ,
             that
             assured
             him
             ,
             that
             thô
             he
             had
             not
             granted
             the
             Bull
             as
             soon
             as
             it
             was
             demanded
             ,
             that
             was
             not
             out
             of
             any
             intention
             to
             refuse
             it
             ;
             but
             that
             he
             had
             only
             waited
             for
             a
             favourable
             conjuncture
             ,
             that
             so
             he
             might
             doe
             it
             the
             more
             deliberatly
             .
          
        
         
           This
           is
           of
           no
           consequence
           ;
           but
           some
           Men
           get
           into
           ill
           habits
           ,
           that
           engage
           them
           ,
           even
           when
           
           there
           is
           no
           advantage
           to
           tell
           Lies
           .
           The
           whole
           Journals
           of
           this
           Sute
           mention
           neither
           the
           one
           nor
           the
           other
           of
           these
           matters
           :
           there
           is
           somewhat
           like
           the
           second
           ,
           of
           which
           some
           ,
           it
           seems
           ,
           had
           in
           discours
           given
           Mr.
           Varillas
           a
           dark
           Hint
           ,
           and
           he
           resolved
           to
           garnish
           it
           up
           the
           best
           he
           could
           .
           There
           was
           a
           Breve
           of
           P.
           Iulius's
           produced
           ,
           but
           not
           writ
           to
           the
           King
           of
           England
           ,
           for
           it
           was
           addressed
           to
           the
           Kings
           of
           Spain
           ,
           and
           was
           indeed
           believed
           to
           be
           forged
           in
           Spain
           .
           It
           was
           conceived
           in
           the
           very
           Words
           of
           the
           Bull
           for
           the
           Mariage
           ,
           and
           was
           of
           the
           same
           date
           ,
           and
           the
           only
           difference
           between
           it
           and
           the
           Bull
           was
           ,
           that
           whereas
           the
           Bull
           mentioned
           the
           Queen's
           Mariage
           with
           P.
           Arthur
           ,
           as
           having
           been
           perhaps
           
           consuminated
           ,
           this
           spoke
           of
           the
           consummation
           of
           that
           Mariage
           less
           doubtfully
           ,
           and
           without
           a
           perhaps
           :
           and
           the
           inference
           that
           was
           made
           upon
           this
           was
           ,
           that
           the
           Spaniards
           foreseeing
           that
           the
           consummation
           of
           P.
           Arthur's
           Mariage
           would
           be
           proved
           ,
           he
           forged
           this
           Breve
           ,
           to
           make
           it
           appear
           ,
           that
           the
           Pope
           was
           informed
           of
           that
           as
           of
           a
           thing
           certain
           ,
           thô
           it
           was
           decent
           in
           the
           publick
           Bull
           to
           mention
           it
           doubtfully
           .
           But
           Mr.
           Varillas
           shews
           how
           dangerous
           a
           thing
           it
           is
           to
           write
           History
           upon
           flying
           Reports
           ,
           helped
           up
           a
           little
           with
           the
           dull
           Invention
           of
           an
           ill
           Poet.
           
        
         
           
             35.
             
             He
             runs
             out
             into
             a
             high
             commendation
             of
             the
             Zeal
             and
             Fidelity
             that
             some
             of
             the
             English
             Bishops
             ,
             
             who
             were
             named
             
             to
             be
             the
             Queen's
             Advocates
             ,
             shewed
             in
             pleading
             her
             Cause
             .
          
        
         
           But
           in
           this
           he
           shews
           ,
           how
           little
           he
           understands
           the
           common
           forms
           of
           Law
           :
           for
           since
           the
           Queen
           declined
           the
           Court
           ,
           and
           appealed
           to
           the
           Pope
           ,
           there
           was
           no
           more
           occasion
           given
           to
           her
           Advocates
           ,
           to
           speak
           to
           the
           merits
           of
           her
           Cause
           .
           And
           whereas
           he
           pretends
           ,
           that
           this
           was
           done
           ,
           not
           only
           by
           Bp.
           Fisher
           ,
           but
           by
           the
           Bishops
           of
           
             London
             ,
             Bath
          
           and
           Ely
           ,
           that
           was
           impossible
           ,
           since
           all
           the
           Bishops
           had
           signed
           a
           Writing
           ,
           which
           was
           produced
           before
           the
           Legates
           ,
           in
           which
           they
           all
           declared
           themselves
           against
           the
           Lawfulness
           of
           the
           Mariage
           .
        
         
           
             36.
             
             He
             says
             ,
             the
             Pope
             recalled
             
             the
             Cause
             ,
             to
             be
             heard
             before
             himself
             ,
             on
             this
             pretence
             ,
             that
             the
             King
             had
             by
             Word
             of
             Mouth
             consented
             to
             it
             .
          
        
         
           This
           is
           a
           flight
           of
           our
           Author's
           ,
           to
           colour
           that
           shameful
           secret
           :
           for
           when
           the
           Emperour
           had
           agreed
           to
           put
           Florence
           into
           the
           hands
           of
           the
           Medici
           ,
           the
           Pope
           who
           had
           seemed
           to
           favour
           the
           King's
           cause
           till
           that
           time
           ,
           did
           then
           admit
           of
           the
           Queen's
           Appeal
           :
           and
           thô
           he
           had
           signed
           a
           formal
           Promise
           ,
           never
           to
           recal
           the
           Cause
           ,
           yet
           he
           being
           as
           little
           a
           Slave
           to
           his
           Word
           ,
           as
           Mr.
           Varillas
           is
           to
           Truth
           ,
           broke
           his
           faith
           .
           But
           he
           never
           so
           much
           as
           once
           pretended
           this
           consent
           of
           the
           King
           's
           .
        
         
           
             37.
             
             He
             says
             ,
             
             Wolsey
             being
             
             disgraced
             ,
             was
             sent
             to
             York
             ,
             where
             he
             languished
             some
             time
             ,
             being
             reduced
             almost
             to
             Beggary
             .
          
        
         
           This
           comes
           in
           as
           a
           dash
           of
           his
           Pen
           ,
           to
           set
           out
           K.
           Henry's
           Severity
           :
           but
           one
           of
           Wolsey's
           Domesticks
           ,
           that
           writ
           his
           Life
           ,
           tells
           us
           ,
           in
           how
           great
           State
           he
           went
           to
           York
           ,
           with
           a
           Train
           of
           160
           Horse
           ,
           and
           an
           Equipage
           of
           72
           Carts
           following
           him
           with
           his
           Houshold-stuf
           ;
           for
           the
           King
           restored
           him
           not
           only
           his
           Archbishoprick
           of
           York
           ,
           but
           also
           his
           Bishoprick
           of
           Winchester
           ,
           which
           Mr.
           Varillas
           fancies
           he
           took
           from
           him
           :
           and
           it
           was
           impossible
           for
           a
           Man
           ,
           that
           had
           those
           two
           great
           Benefices
           ,
           to
           be
           reduced
           to
           any
           degrees
           of
           Want.
           
        
         
           
             38.
             
             He
             says
             ,
             
             
               Anne
               Boleyn
            
             
             raised
             Cranmer
             to
             the
             Dignity
             of
             chief
             Minister
             of
             State
             ,
             who
             was
             one
             of
             the
             profligatest
             Men
             of
             England
             ,
             that
             had
             nothing
             of
             Christianity
             in
             him
             ,
             but
             the
             outward
             appearances
             ,
             being
             ambitious
             ,
             voluptuous
             ,
             bold
             ,
             turbulent
             and
             capable
             of
             all
             sorts
             of
             Intrigues
             .
             He
             had
             studied
             long
             in
             Germany
             ,
             where
             he
             was
             infected
             with
             Lutheranisme
             ,
             thô
             he
             did
             not
             outwardly
             profess
             it
             .
             He
             took
             a
             Concubine
             in
             Germany
             ,
             whom
             he
             afterwards
             married
             by
             the
             King's
             permission
             .
             He
             had
             been
             Chaplain
             long
             in
             the
             Family
             of
             Boleyn
             ,
             so
             when
             the
             See
             of
             Canterbury
             fell
             vacant
             ,
             
               Anne
               Boleyn
            
             presented
             him
             .
          
        
         
           The
           Fit
           here
           is
           extream
           hot
           and
           long
           ,
           and
           shews
           ,
           how
           entirely
           
           Mr.
           Varillas
           was
           subdued
           by
           it
           ,
           since
           it
           is
           hardly
           possible
           for
           a
           Man
           to
           spit
           out
           more
           Venome
           and
           Falsehood
           at
           once
           .
           Cranmer
           was
           never
           in
           the
           Affairs
           of
           State
           ,
           much
           less
           chief
           Minister
           .
           And
           any
           Ignorance
           less
           than
           Mr
           ▪
           Varillas's
           would
           have
           found
           ,
           that
           Cromwel
           succeeded
           Wolsey
           in
           the
           Ministry
           .
           As
           for
           Cranmers
           Ambition
           ,
           as
           he
           had
           passed
           the
           greatest
           part
           of
           his
           Life
           in
           a
           secret
           Retirement
           ,
           so
           he
           was
           in
           Germany
           when
           the
           See
           of
           Canterbury
           fell
           vacant
           ,
           and
           when
           he
           understood
           that
           the
           King
           intended
           to
           raise
           him
           to
           that
           Dignity
           ,
           he
           excused
           himself
           all
           he
           could
           ,
           and
           delaied
           his
           Return
           to
           England
           some
           Months
           ,
           that
           so
           the
           King
           might
           have
           time
           given
           him
           to
           change
           his
           Mind
           .
           He
           was
           so
           far
           from
           
           being
           turbulent
           and
           hardy
           ,
           and
           from
           being
           a
           Man
           of
           Intrigues
           ,
           that
           his
           plain
           Simplicity
           made
           him
           to
           be
           despised
           by
           his
           Enemies
           ,
           till
           they
           found
           that
           there
           was
           a
           wise
           Conduct
           under
           all
           that
           Mildness
           and
           Slowness
           .
           And
           it
           was
           this
           simplicity
           ,
           and
           his
           keeping
           himself
           out
           of
           all
           Intrigues
           ,
           that
           preserved
           him
           in
           K.
           Henry's
           esteem
           .
           He
           never
           went
           to
           study
           in
           Germany
           ,
           but
           was
           sent
           into
           Italy
           and
           Germany
           to
           reason
           with
           the
           learned
           Men
           in
           the
           Universities
           concerning
           the
           King's
           Divorce
           .
           He
           married
           a
           Wife
           in
           Germany
           ,
           and
           was
           so
           far
           from
           obtaining
           the
           King's
           Permission
           to
           marry
           her
           ,
           that
           upon
           a
           severe
           Law
           ,
           that
           was
           afterwards
           made
           against
           the
           Mariage
           of
           the
           Clergy
           ,
           he
           sent
           her
           into
           Germany
           for
           
           some
           time
           ,
           yet
           he
           franckly
           owned
           his
           Mariage
           to
           the
           King
           ,
           when
           he
           questioned
           him
           upon
           it
           ,
           and
           there
           was
           never
           the
           least
           imputation
           laid
           upon
           his
           Chastity
           ,
           except
           this
           of
           his
           Mariage
           ,
           which
           we
           think
           none
           at
           all
           .
           He
           was
           never
           Chaplain
           in
           the
           Boleyn
           Family
           ,
           but
           lived
           private
           in
           Cambridg
           ,
           when
           the
           King
           came
           to
           hear
           of
           him
           ,
           and
           to
           imploy
           him
           in
           the
           Prosecution
           of
           the
           Divorce
           .
           And
           so
           far
           was
           he
           from
           being
           presented
           by
           
             Anne
             Boleyn
          
           ,
           upon
           the
           Vacancy
           of
           Canterbury
           ,
           that
           he
           was
           then
           in
           Germany
           .
           And
           now
           it
           appears
           what
           a
           secret
           Mr.
           Varillas
           has
           ,
           of
           making
           as
           much
           Falsehood
           go
           into
           one
           Period
           ,
           as
           would
           serve
           another
           to
           scatter
           up
           and
           down
           a
           whole
           Book
           ;
           but
           we
           know
           the
           Society
           
           that
           has
           this
           secret
           ,
           and
           it
           is
           certain
           ,
           that
           Mr.
           Varillas
           has
           learnt
           it
           to
           perfection
           .
        
         
           
             39.
             
             He
             says
             ,
             
             the
             King
             accepted
             Cranmer
             upon
             condition
             ,
             that
             he
             would
             pronounce
             the
             Sentence
             of
             Divorce
             between
             their
             Majesties
             of
             England
             ,
             in
             case
             that
             the
             Pope
             ratified
             their
             contested
             Mariage
             :
             and
             thus
             by
             a
             way
             so
             uncanonical
             he
             was
             made
             Archbishop
             of
             Canterbury
             .
          
        
         
           There
           was
           no
           occasion
           of
           demanding
           any
           such
           Promise
           of
           Cranmer
           ,
           for
           he
           had
           openly
           declared
           his
           opinion
           ,
           that
           the
           Mariage
           was
           incestuous
           and
           unlawful
           ,
           so
           that
           his
           Judgment
           was
           already
           known
           .
           But
           Mr.
           Varillas
           shews
           how
           little
           he
           knew
           our
           matters
           ,
           when
           he
           says
           ,
           that
           
           Cranmer
           was
           made
           Archbishop
           in
           an
           uncanonical
           way
           ;
           for
           as
           he
           was
           chosen
           by
           the
           Chapter
           of
           Canterbury
           ,
           so
           he
           had
           his
           Bull
           from
           Rome
           ,
           and
           how
           little
           soever
           ,
           this
           is
           Canonical
           according
           to
           the
           Canons
           of
           the
           Ancient
           Church
           ,
           yet
           Mr.
           Varillas
           has
           no
           reason
           to
           except
           to
           the
           Uncanonicalness
           of
           it
           .
        
         
           
             40.
             
             He
             says
             ,
             
             he
             was
             installed
             by
             another
             Artifice
             ,
             for
             being
             required
             to
             swear
             the
             Oath
             to
             the
             Pope
             ,
             he
             had
             a
             Notary
             by
             him
             ,
             who
             attested
             ,
             that
             he
             took
             this
             Oath
             against
             his
             Will
             ,
             and
             that
             he
             would
             not
             keep
             it
             to
             the
             prejudice
             of
             the
             King.
             
          
        
         
           He
           made
           no
           Protestation
           ,
           that
           he
           took
           that
           Oath
           against
           his
           Will
           ;
           but
           he
           repeated
           a
           Protestation
           twice
           at
           the
           high
           Altar
           ,
           
           that
           he
           intended
           not
           by
           that
           Oath
           to
           the
           Pope
           ,
           to
           oblige
           himself
           to
           any
           thing
           ,
           that
           was
           contrary
           to
           the
           Law
           of
           God
           ,
           to
           the
           King's
           Prerogative
           ,
           or
           to
           the
           Laws
           of
           the
           Land
           ,
           nor
           to
           be
           restrained
           by
           it
           from
           proposing
           or
           consenting
           to
           any
           thing
           ,
           that
           might
           concern
           the
           Reformation
           of
           the
           Christian
           Faith
           ,
           the
           Government
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ,
           or
           the
           Prerogatives
           of
           the
           King
           and
           Kingdome
           .
           This
           is
           a
           different
           thing
           from
           protesting
           ,
           that
           he
           took
           the
           Oath
           against
           his
           Will
           ,
           which
           as
           it
           had
           been
           ridiculous
           in
           it self
           ,
           so
           was
           very
           far
           contrary
           to
           that
           native
           Singleness
           of
           Heart
           ,
           in
           which
           he
           always
           acted
           .
        
         
           
             41.
             
             He
             says
             ,
             
             there
             was
             an
             ancient
             Law
             against
             the
             Subjects
             
             of
             England's
             acknowledging
             a
             forreign
             Jurisdiction
             ,
             upon
             which
             the
             King
             raised
             a
             Sute
             against
             his
             Clergy
             ,
             for
             owning
             the
             Pope's
             Jurisdiction
             ,
             in
             that
             which
             was
             a
             mixt
             Court
             ,
             relating
             both
             to
             the
             Temporal
             and
             the
             Spiritual
             .
             And
             he
             adds
             ,
             that
             the
             Clergy
             had
             an
             easy
             Answer
             to
             this
             Charge
             ,
             since
             that
             Law
             had
             no
             regard
             to
             the
             Spiritual
             Authority
             .
          
        
         
           Matters
           of
           Law
           are
           things
           of
           too
           delicate
           a
           nature
           for
           so
           slight
           a
           Man
           as
           Mr.
           Varillas
           to
           look
           into
           them
           .
           He
           represents
           this
           as
           one
           single
           Law
           ,
           that
           was
           very
           old
           ,
           and
           that
           related
           only
           to
           Temporals
           ,
           whereas
           if
           he
           had
           known
           any
           thing
           of
           our
           Laws
           ,
           he
           would
           have
           seen
           ,
           that
           there
           was
           a
           vast
           number
           of
           Laws
           made
           in
           the
           
           Reigns
           of
           many
           of
           our
           Kings
           ,
           such
           as
           Edward
           the
           first
           ,
           Edward
           the
           third
           ,
           Richard
           the
           second
           ,
           Henry
           the
           4th
           ,
           and
           Henry
           the
           5th
           ,
           all
           relating
           to
           this
           matter
           ,
           and
           these
           Laws
           were
           made
           in
           express
           Words
           against
           all
           that
           brought
           Bulls
           and
           Provisions
           from
           Rome
           to
           Ecclesiastical
           Benefices
           .
        
         
           
             42.
             
             He
             says
             ,
             
             the
             motions
             of
             the
             Clergy
             in
             their
             own
             defence
             ,
             could
             not
             but
             be
             feeble
             ,
             since
             they
             had
             two
             such
             treacherous
             Heads
             ,
             as
             Cranmer
             Archbishop
             of
             Canterbury
             ,
             and
             Lee
             Archbishop
             of
             York
             ,
             so
             they
             made
             a
             submission
             to
             the
             King
             ,
             but
             he
             would
             not
             receive
             it
             ,
             unless
             they
             would
             acknowledg
             ,
             that
             he
             had
             the
             same
             Authority
             over
             the
             Ecclesiastical
             Body
             ,
             
             that
             he
             had
             over
             his
             other
             Subjects
             :
             and
             thus
             ,
             without
             thinking
             on
             what
             they
             did
             ,
             they
             furnished
             the
             King
             with
             a
             pretence
             of
             calling
             himself
             ,
             Head
             of
             the
             Church
             of
             England
             .
          
        
         
           Cranmer
           was
           so
           little
           concerned
           in
           this
           matter
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           past
           two
           years
           before
           he
           was
           Archbishop
           ,
           while
           Warham
           was
           Archbishop
           of
           Canterbury
           ;
           for
           the
           Submission
           was
           made
           in
           March
           1531
           ,
           and
           he
           was
           consecrated
           in
           March
           1533.
           
           And
           Lee
           of
           York
           was
           so
           far
           from
           consenting
           to
           it
           ,
           that
           he
           strugled
           long
           against
           it
           ,
           after
           Warham
           and
           his
           Synode
           had
           past
           it
           .
           And
           whereas
           he
           pretends
           ,
           that
           the
           King
           drew
           his
           pretence
           ,
           to
           be
           Head
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ,
           from
           a
           general
           acknowledgment
           
           that
           they
           had
           made
           of
           the
           King's
           Authority
           over
           Churchmen
           ,
           this
           is
           so
           far
           from
           true
           ,
           that
           the
           whole
           Clergy
           ,
           even
           his
           admired
           Fisher
           not
           excepted
           ,
           did
           in
           the
           Title
           of
           the
           Submission
           ,
           to
           which
           they
           all
           set
           their
           hands
           ,
           call
           the
           King
           in
           so
           many
           formal
           Words
           ,
           supream
           Head
           of
           the
           Church
           and
           Clergy
           of
           England
           ,
           in
           so
           far
           as
           was
           agreable
           to
           the
           Law
           of
           Christ
           :
           and
           this
           was
           done
           during
           More
           's
           Ministry
           ,
           who
           continued
           Chancellour
           15
           Months
           after
           this
           .
        
         
           
             43.
             
             He
             says
             ,
             
             that
             upon
             More
             's
             laying
             down
             his
             Office
             ,
             the
             King
             gave
             the
             Seals
             to
             another
             Churchman
             ,
             that
             was
             no
             less
             devoted
             to
             him
             than
             Granmer
             ,
             whose
             name
             was
             Andley
             ,
             on
             whom
             he
             bestows
             a
             
             character
             ,
             thô
             he
             knows
             nothing
             concerning
             him
             .
          
        
         
           Andley
           was
           no
           Churchman
           ,
           but
           a
           common
           Lawyer
           as
           More
           was
           ,
           that
           had
           been
           Chancellour
           before
           him
           ,
           and
           the
           Gentlemen
           of
           that
           Robe
           being
           raised
           upon
           Merit
           ,
           and
           not
           by
           their
           Birth
           ,
           his
           low
           Extraction
           was
           no
           extraordinary
           matter
           .
        
         
           
             44.
             
             He
             says
             ,
             
             the
             King
             finding
             that
             the
             Pope
             was
             ofraid
             ,
             that
             he
             should
             contract
             a
             secret
             Mariage
             with
             
               Anne
               Boleyn
            
             ,
             resolved
             to
             do
             it
             ,
             on
             design
             to
             do
             the
             Pope
             a
             Spite
             ;
             so
             the
             Day
             being
             set
             ,
             one
             Polland
             a
             Priest
             ,
             being
             appointed
             to
             do
             the
             Office
             ,
             demanded
             the
             Pope's
             Bull
             for
             the
             Mariage
             ,
             which
             he
             was
             made
             believe
             that
             the
             King
             had
             procured
             ;
             but
             the
             King
             
             swore
             to
             him
             ,
             that
             he
             had
             it
             in
             his
             Closet
             ,
             and
             that
             nothing
             made
             him
             not
             go
             immediatly
             to
             fetch
             it
             ,
             but
             his
             unwillingness
             to
             retard
             that
             Action
             .
          
        
         
           This
           is
           so
           ill
           told
           ,
           that
           Mr.
           Varillas
           ought
           to
           have
           imploied
           a
           little
           of
           his
           Religious
           Zeal
           ,
           to
           make
           it
           more
           plausible
           ;
           for
           it
           was
           then
           so
           well
           understood
           ,
           that
           the
           Pope
           was
           entirely
           united
           to
           the
           Emperour
           ,
           that
           
             Polland
             Lee
          
           could
           not
           imagine
           there
           was
           any
           Bull
           granted
           ;
           and
           he
           was
           all
           his
           Life
           of
           too
           complying
           a
           Temper
           ,
           to
           need
           such
           Artifices
           to
           oblige
           him
           to
           do
           any
           thing
           ,
           that
           might
           serve
           to
           advance
           him
           .
           Mr.
           Varillas
           represents
           the
           King
           here
           too
           much
           like
           a
           private
           Gentleman
           ,
           that
           keeps
           his
           Papers
           in
           his
           own
           Closet
           ,
           
           
           of
           several
           Popes
           ,
           the
           Canons
           of
           many
           Synodes
           and
           Councils
           ,
           ●nd
           by
           the
           concurring
           Testimonies
           of
           almost
           all
           the
           Greek
           and
           Latin
           Fathers
           ,
           both
           Ancient
           and
           Modern
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           agreeing
           Doctrines
           both
           of
           Schoolmen
           ,
           Canonists
           and
           Casuists
           ;
           and
           if
           Tradition
           was
           the
           true
           Expounder
           of
           Scripture
           ,
           and
           the
           sure
           Conveyance
           of
           Doctrine
           ,
           the
           Mariage
           was
           certainly
           incestuous
           ;
           so
           that
           according
           to
           the
           fundamental
           Doctrine
           of
           the
           Church
           of
           Rome
           ,
           the
           Mariage
           was
           unlawful
           :
           and
           by
           the
           same
           Authorities
           it
           was
           also
           proved
           ,
           that
           the
           Pope's
           Dispensation
           could
           not
           make
           void
           the
           Law
           of
           God
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           Clergy
           of
           England
           were
           the
           proper
           Judges
           of
           what
           fell
           out
           in
           England
           .
           This
           
           being
           the
           State
           of
           that
           Matter
           ,
           and
           almost
           all
           the
           Universities
           of
           Europe
           ,
           that
           of
           Bologna
           it self
           not
           excepted
           ,
           thô
           it
           was
           the
           Pope's
           own
           Town
           ,
           having
           declared
           in
           the
           King's
           Favours
           ,
           it
           was
           no
           wonder
           ,
           if
           Cranmer
           ,
           upon
           such
           Grounds
           ,
           proceeded
           to
           give
           Sentence
           .
        
         
           
             47.
             
             He
             dresses
             up
             a
             Speech
             for
             Card.
             
             Bellay
             ,
             all
             out
             of
             his
             own
             Fancy
             ;
             but
             one
             thing
             is
             remarkable
             :
             he
             makes
             the
             Cardinal
             represent
             to
             the
             King
             ,
             that
             if
             he
             went
             to
             separate
             himself
             from
             the
             Communion
             of
             the
             Church
             of
             Rome
             ,
             either
             he
             would
             succeed
             in
             it
             ,
             or
             not
             ;
             if
             he
             succeeded
             in
             it
             ,
             besides
             that
             he
             put
             himself
             in
             a
             state
             of
             Damnation
             ,
             there
             would
             be
             no
             place
             found
             that
             would
             be
             
             safe
             for
             his
             sacred
             Person
             ,
             against
             the
             attempts
             of
             zealous
             Catholicks
             ,
             who
             would
             endeavour
             to
             kill
             him
             ,
             that
             they
             might
             preserve
             their
             ancient
             Religion
             ;
             and
             if
             he
             succeeded
             not
             ,
             he
             might
             be
             assured
             ,
             that
             he
             would
             lose
             both
             his
             Crown
             and
             his
             Life
             in
             a
             general
             Revolt
             .
          
        
         
           Mr.
           Varillas
           is
           now
           in
           a
           Fit
           of
           Religion
           of
           another
           sort
           ,
           for
           as
           there
           are
           hot
           and
           cold
           Fits
           of
           Agues
           ▪
           so
           if
           some
           of
           his
           Fits
           make
           him
           forget
           the
           obligations
           of
           speaking
           truth
           ,
           this
           makes
           him
           speak
           out
           a
           Truth
           indeed
           ,
           but
           of
           that
           nature
           ,
           that
           if
           he
           had
           been
           long
           practised
           in
           the
           Secrets
           of
           the
           Court
           of
           Rome
           ,
           or
           of
           the
           Jesuite
           Order
           ,
           he
           would
           have
           known
           ,
           that
           thô
           during
           the
           Minority
           of
           a
           King
           ,
           a
           Cardinal
           Perron
           
           might
           speak
           it
           boldly
           ,
           or
           during
           the
           confusions
           of
           a
           Civil
           War
           ,
           the
           whole
           Sorbonne
           might
           declare
           in
           Favours
           of
           it
           ,
           yet
           under
           such
           a
           Reign
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           present
           Conjuncture
           ,
           it
           was
           to
           be
           denied
           boldly
           .
           And
           one
           would
           not
           have
           thought
           ,
           that
           at
           this
           time
           a
           Clement
           or
           a
           Ravilliae
           would
           have
           had
           no
           worse
           character
           ,
           but
           that
           of
           zealous
           Catholicks
           .
           So
           we
           have
           now
           an
           entire
           notion
           of
           a
           zealous
           Catholick
           from
           Mr.
           Varillas
           :
           he
           does
           not
           trouble
           himself
           to
           examine
           what
           he
           says
           ,
           whither
           it
           is
           true
           or
           false
           ,
           nor
           will
           he
           stick
           at
           any
           Crime
           ,
           if
           it
           may
           tend
           to
           preserve
           his
           Religion
           .
           And
           if
           a
           Prince
           goes
           about
           to
           change
           his
           Religion
           ,
           and
           to
           depart
           from
           the
           Communion
           of
           the
           See
           of
           Rome
           ,
           he
           must
           at
           first
           
           look
           for
           a
           general
           Revolt
           ,
           which
           must
           end
           in
           his
           Deprivation
           and
           Death
           ,
           and
           if
           that
           fails
           ,
           there
           is
           a
           reserve
           of
           zealous
           Catholicks
           ,
           who
           will
           pursue
           him
           into
           every
           corner
           ,
           and
           never
           give
           over
           ,
           till
           they
           have
           sacrificed
           him
           to
           the
           interest
           of
           their
           Religion
           .
           This
           is
           the
           severest
           thing
           that
           the
           greatest
           Ennemy
           to
           their
           Church
           could
           possibly
           object
           to
           it
           ▪
           and
           yet
           Mr.
           Varillas
           has
           so
           little
           judgment
           ,
           as
           to
           put
           it
           in
           the
           Mouth
           of
           a
           Cardinal
           .
           But
           it
           is
           but
           lately
           that
           he
           has
           got
           his
           Pension
           ,
           and
           he
           has
           not
           past
           a
           long
           Noviciat
           ,
           or
           perhaps
           he
           is
           now
           too
           old
           to
           learn
           the
           refayings
           ,
           that
           his
           Pattern
           Mr.
           Maimbourg
           would
           have
           taught
           him
           ,
           who
           in
           such
           a
           Reign
           as
           this
           is
           in
           France
           ,
           must
           dress
           up
           their
           Religion
           as
           a
           Doctrine
           ,
           all
           
           made
           up
           of
           Obedience
           and
           Submission
           .
           But
           perhaps
           some
           had
           told
           Mr.
           Varillas
           ,
           that
           the
           late
           Articles
           of
           the
           Clergy
           lookt
           like
           the
           beginning
           of
           a
           Separation
           from
           the
           Court
           of
           Rome
           ,
           so
           that
           he
           thought
           ,
           it
           was
           fit
           to
           let
           the
           King
           know
           his
           Danger
           ,
           if
           he
           went
           a
           step
           further
           ,
           either
           in
           that
           Matter
           ,
           or
           in
           a
           Reformation
           of
           Religion
           ,
           of
           which
           there
           has
           been
           so
           much
           noise
           made
           lately
           in
           France
           ,
           thô
           it
           is
           visible
           that
           this
           has
           been
           set
           on
           foot
           ,
           meerly
           to
           deceive
           those
           ,
           that
           had
           a
           mind
           to
           cosen
           themselves
           by
           the
           hopes
           of
           some
           Amendments
           ,
           to
           make
           Shipwrack
           of
           their
           Faith
           and
           of
           a
           good
           Conscience
           .
        
         
           
             48.
             
             He
             makes
             the
             Hopes
             ,
             
             that
             the
             Cardinal
             Bellay
             had
             of
             succeeding
             in
             his
             Negotiation
             ,
             
             to
             be
             chiefly
             founded
             on
             the
             King's
             being
             weary
             of
             
               Anne
               Boleyn
            
             ,
             and
             his
             becoming
             in
             love
             with
             
               Iane
               Seimour
            
             ;
             and
             that
             therefore
             he
             concluded
             that
             time
             ,
             and
             a
             little
             Patience
             might
             infallibly
             dispose
             him
             to
             return
             back
             again
             to
             Queen
             Katherine
             .
          
        
         
           He
           makes
           here
           strange
           Discoveries
           in
           the
           matters
           of
           Love
           ,
           since
           he
           fancies
           ,
           that
           the
           King
           's
           falling
           in
           love
           with
           a
           new
           Mistress
           ,
           might
           dispose
           him
           to
           return
           to
           his
           old
           and
           abandoned
           Queen
           .
           The
           thing
           is
           also
           so
           falsely
           timed
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           two
           years
           and
           almost
           a
           half
           after
           this
           ,
           before
           there
           appeared
           any
           beginnings
           ,
           either
           of
           the
           King's
           Dislike
           of
           
             Anne
             Boleyn
          
           ,
           or
           of
           his
           Love
           to
           
             Iane
             Seimour
          
           .
           But
           the
           
           made
           up
           of
           Obedience
           and
           Submission
           .
           But
           perhaps
           some
           had
           told
           Mr.
           Varillas
           ,
           that
           the
           late
           Articles
           of
           the
           Clergy
           lookt
           like
           the
           beginning
           of
           a
           Separation
           from
           the
           Court
           of
           Rome
           ,
           so
           that
           he
           thought
           ,
           it
           was
           fit
           to
           let
           the
           King
           know
           his
           Danger
           ,
           if
           he
           went
           a
           step
           further
           ,
           either
           in
           that
           Matter
           ,
           or
           in
           a
           Reformation
           of
           Religion
           ,
           of
           which
           there
           has
           been
           so
           much
           noise
           made
           lately
           in
           France
           ,
           thô
           it
           is
           visible
           that
           this
           has
           been
           set
           on
           foot
           ,
           meerly
           to
           deceive
           those
           ,
           that
           had
           a
           mind
           to
           cosen
           themselves
           by
           the
           hopes
           of
           some
           Amendments
           ,
           to
           make
           Shipwrack
           of
           their
           Faith
           and
           of
           a
           good
           Conscience
           .
        
         
           
             48.
             
             He
             makes
             the
             Hopes
             ,
             
             that
             the
             Cardinal
             Bellay
             had
             of
             succeeding
             in
             his
             Negotiation
             ,
             
             to
             be
             chiefly
             founded
             on
             the
             King's
             being
             weary
             of
             
               Anne
               Boleyn
            
             ,
             and
             his
             becoming
             in
             love
             with
             
               Iane
               Seimour
            
             ;
             and
             that
             therefore
             he
             concluded
             that
             time
             ,
             and
             a
             little
             Patience
             might
             infallibly
             dispose
             him
             to
             return
             back
             again
             to
             Queen
             Katherine
             .
          
        
         
           He
           makes
           here
           strange
           Discoveries
           in
           the
           matters
           of
           Love
           ,
           since
           he
           fancies
           ,
           that
           the
           King
           's
           falling
           in
           love
           with
           a
           new
           Mistress
           ,
           might
           dispose
           him
           to
           return
           to
           his
           old
           and
           abandoned
           Queen
           .
           The
           thing
           is
           also
           so
           falsely
           timed
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           two
           years
           and
           almost
           a
           half
           after
           this
           ,
           before
           there
           appeared
           any
           beginnings
           ,
           either
           of
           the
           King's
           Dislike
           of
           
             Anne
             Boleyn
          
           ,
           or
           of
           his
           Love
           to
           
             Iane
             Seimour
          
           .
           But
           the
           
           true
           Account
           of
           this
           last
           Negotiation
           of
           the
           Cardinal
           
             de
             Bellay
          
           is
           that
           at
           Marseilles
           :
           the
           Pope
           had
           promised
           to
           Francis
           the
           first
           ,
           that
           if
           K.
           Henry
           would
           submit
           the
           matter
           to
           him
           ,
           and
           send
           a
           Proxy
           to
           Rome
           ,
           he
           would
           judg
           in
           his
           favours
           against
           the
           Queen
           ,
           because
           he
           knew
           that
           his
           cause
           was
           just
           and
           good
           ;
           and
           the
           Cardinal
           was
           sent
           over
           to
           induce
           the
           King
           to
           make
           his
           Submission
           ;
           but
           the
           King
           would
           not
           upon
           verbal
           Promises
           make
           so
           great
           a
           step
           ,
           yet
           he
           promised
           that
           ,
           if
           Assurances
           were
           sent
           him
           ,
           that
           were
           formal
           and
           binding
           ,
           he
           would
           upon
           that
           send
           a
           Submission
           in
           full
           form
           to
           Rome
           ,
           and
           when
           the
           Cardinal
           procured
           these
           from
           the
           Court
           of
           Rome
           ,
           the
           King
           did
           send
           over
           the
           Submission
           .
           So
           that
           Mr.
           
           Varillas
           having
           supprest
           the
           true
           Account
           of
           this
           Negotiation
           ,
           he
           thought
           he
           must
           make
           it
           up
           with
           somewhat
           of
           his
           own
           Invention
           :
           and
           as
           all
           Liquors
           drawn
           out
           of
           a
           musty
           Barrel
           tast
           of
           the
           Calk
           ;
           so
           there
           are
           so
           many
           characters
           that
           belong
           to
           Mr.
           Varillas's
           imagination
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           hard
           for
           him
           to
           venture
           on
           inventing
           ,
           without
           discovering
           ,
           that
           he
           has
           full
           as
           little
           Judgment
           as
           he
           has
           Sincerity
           .
        
         
           
             49.
             
             He
             lays
             the
             blame
             of
             the
             slowness
             of
             the
             Courier
             ,
             
             on
             the
             care
             that
             the
             Emperour's
             Ministers
             had
             taken
             ,
             to
             stop
             the
             passages
             .
          
        
         
           But
           this
           was
           a
           ridiculous
           observation
           :
           for
           there
           being
           a
           Day
           set
           for
           the
           Courier's
           Return
           ,
           he
           hapned
           only
           to
           come
           two
           Days
           
           after
           his
           time
           ,
           and
           it
           being
           in
           the
           Winter
           ,
           in
           which
           the
           Sea
           was
           to
           be
           twice
           past
           ,
           there
           is
           no
           need
           to
           run
           to
           any
           other
           speculation
           for
           a
           slowness
           of
           two
           Days
           in
           such
           a
           Voyage
           ,
           and
           at
           such
           a
           Season
           ;
           but
           it
           is
           often
           observed
           of
           those
           ,
           that
           have
           contracted
           ill
           habits
           ,
           as
           lying
           in
           particular
           ,
           that
           their
           naughty
           customes
           return
           upon
           them
           ,
           even
           when
           there
           is
           no
           provocation
           lying
           on
           them
           ,
           to
           tempt
           them
           to
           them
           ;
           so
           Mr.
           Varillas
           has
           given
           himself
           such
           a
           liberty
           ,
           to
           interweave
           his
           own
           Fancies
           with
           all
           the
           Transactions
           that
           he
           relates
           ,
           that
           he
           cannot
           let
           the
           flightest
           thing
           pass
           without
           bringing
           in
           a
           stroak
           of
           his
           Politicks
           to
           adorn
           it
           .
        
         
           
             50.
             
             He
             says
             ,
             
             the
             Pope
             having
             past
             Sentence
             against
             the
             King
             ,
             the
             King
             did
             upon
             that
             hold
             a
             
             Parliament
             on
             the
             24
             of
             April
             ,
             1534
             ,
             in
             which
             he
             made
             himself
             to
             be
             acknowledged
             supream
             Head
             of
             the
             Churches
             of
             England
             and
             Ireland
             ;
             and
             got
             his
             former
             Mariage
             to
             be
             condemned
             ,
             and
             his
             second
             to
             be
             confirmed
             ,
             upon
             which
             Q.
             Katherine
             died
             of
             Grief
             .
          
        
         
           In
           such
           publick
           things
           Mr.
           Varillas
           should
           be
           wiser
           than
           to
           venture
           on
           the
           giving
           of
           Dates
           ,
           for
           it
           is
           at
           least
           two
           to
           one
           that
           he
           gives
           them
           wrong
           .
           The
           Parliament
           ,
           that
           past
           all
           these
           Laws
           ,
           sate
           down
           on
           the
           15th
           of
           Ianuary
           ,
           and
           was
           prorogued
           on
           the
           29th
           of
           March
           ,
           and
           Sentence
           was
           given
           against
           the
           King
           at
           Rome
           the
           23
           of
           March
           :
           for
           the
           truth
           is
           ,
           the
           King
           did
           not
           expect
           sincere
           dealing
           from
           the
           Court
           of
           Rome
           ,
           and
           
           therefore
           he
           looking
           on
           this
           last
           Proposition
           as
           a
           Delusion
           ,
           to
           divert
           him
           from
           passing
           the
           Acts
           ,
           that
           he
           had
           projected
           for
           this
           Session
           ,
           resolved
           to
           go
           on
           with
           his
           Design
           ,
           knowing
           that
           if
           the
           Pope
           would
           grant
           him
           that
           which
           he
           desired
           ,
           it
           would
           not
           be
           uneasy
           for
           him
           to
           get
           those
           Acts
           repealed
           .
           Q.
           Katherine
           lived
           two
           years
           after
           this
           ;
           so
           that
           ,
           thô
           the
           Melancholy
           ,
           which
           this
           gave
           her
           ,
           did
           very
           likely
           shorten
           her
           Days
           ,
           yet
           it
           was
           too
           Poetical
           ,
           to
           make
           her
           just
           to
           die
           at
           the
           end
           of
           that
           Parliament
           .
        
         
           
             51.
             
             He
             says
             ,
             
             that
             the
             King
             upon
             the
             first
             informations
             of
             
               Anne
               Boleyn's
            
             Disorders
             ,
             would
             not
             believe
             them
             ;
             but
             at
             last
             he
             found
             such
             proofs
             ,
             as
             fully
             convinced
             him
             ,
             upon
             which
             he
             
             waited
             ,
             till
             he
             found
             a
             fit
             opportunity
             ,
             to
             let
             his
             Jealousy
             break
             out
             .
          
        
         
           It
           agrees
           ill
           with
           what
           he
           had
           said
           before
           ,
           that
           K.
           Henry
           was
           become
           weary
           of
           
             Anne
             Boleyn
          
           ,
           to
           make
           him
           now
           so
           uneasy
           to
           believe
           ill
           of
           her
           ;
           for
           nothing
           disposes
           so
           much
           to
           Jealousy
           ,
           as
           a
           Dislike
           already
           conceived
           ,
           which
           naturally
           inclines
           one
           to
           think
           ill
           of
           a
           Person
           whom
           he
           does
           not
           love
           ;
           but
           it
           is
           certain
           K.
           Henry
           never
           pretended
           ,
           that
           he
           saw
           any
           thing
           ,
           that
           was
           dishonourable
           in
           her
           :
           and
           the
           ridiculous
           Tale
           of
           the
           Tilling
           at
           Greenwich
           was
           a
           ly
           too
           ill
           contrived
           ,
           to
           be
           again
           taken
           up
           ;
           for
           the
           Queen
           's
           dropping
           a
           Handkerchief
           ,
           was
           a
           favour
           of
           too
           publick
           a
           nature
           ,
           and
           is
           not
           at
           all
           credible
           ,
           considering
           that
           she
           
           found
           the
           King's
           affections
           were
           straying
           from
           her
           .
           And
           even
           that
           was
           too
           slight
           a
           matter
           ,
           to
           have
           wrought
           her
           ruin
           ,
           thô
           it
           had
           been
           true
           .
        
         
           
             52.
             
             He
             says
             ,
             
             her
             own
             Father
             was
             one
             of
             her
             Judges
             ,
             but
             thô
             she
             made
             a
             cunning
             Defence
             ,
             yet
             she
             was
             condemned
             together
             with
             four
             of
             her
             Adulterers
             ,
             and
             after
             that
             she
             went
             to
             meet
             Death
             ,
             with
             more
             of
             fierceness
             ,
             than
             of
             a
             true
             greatness
             of
             Soul
             ,
             and
             she
             died
             as
             exactly
             in
             all
             the
             Maximes
             of
             the
             Stoical
             Philosophy
             ,
             as
             if
             she
             had
             studied
             them
             .
          
        
         
           This
           assertion
           of
           her
           Father's
           being
           one
           of
           her
           Judges
           ,
           has
           past
           so
           current
           ,
           that
           I
           have
           no
           reason
           to
           charge
           Mr.
           Varillas
           for
           it
           ,
           because
           I
           my self
           yeelded
           to
           the
           current
           
           of
           Writers
           ;
           yet
           having
           procured
           a
           sight
           of
           the
           Original
           Record
           of
           her
           Process
           ,
           I
           found
           it
           was
           a
           falsehood
           ,
           and
           in
           the
           end
           of
           my
           first
           Volume
           I
           had
           corrected
           the
           Errour
           in
           which
           I
           had
           fallen
           :
           so
           I
           must
           at
           least
           conclude
           ,
           that
           Mr.
           Varillas
           never
           read
           any
           History
           .
           The
           Queen
           had
           a
           strange
           Plea
           ,
           for
           there
           was
           not
           one
           Witness
           brought
           against
           her
           ,
           so
           that
           she
           was
           condemned
           meerly
           upon
           Testimonies
           that
           were
           brought
           in
           writing
           ,
           which
           is
           expresly
           contrary
           to
           our
           Law.
           As
           for
           her
           Behaviour
           at
           her
           Death
           ,
           it
           was
           far
           from
           being
           Stoïcal
           ,
           for
           it
           was
           rather
           too
           cheerful
           ;
           and
           the
           Lieutenant
           of
           the
           Tower
           ,
           who
           knew
           her
           Behaviour
           better
           than
           any
           Person
           whatsoever
           ,
           gives
           a
           very
           different
           representation
           of
           it
           ,
           for
           
           in
           his
           Letter
           to
           Court
           he
           tells
           of
           her
           great
           Devotion
           ,
           of
           her
           cheerfulness
           and
           of
           the
           protestations
           that
           she
           made
           of
           her
           innocence
           the
           Morning
           before
           she
           died
           ,
           when
           she
           received
           the
           Sacrement
           ,
           adding
           ,
           that
           her
           Almoner
           was
           still
           with
           her
           ,
           and
           had
           been
           with
           her
           ever
           since
           two
           a
           clock
           after
           Midnight
           .
           And
           he
           also
           says
           ,
           that
           she
           had
           much
           Joy
           and
           Pleasure
           in
           her
           Death
           .
           And
           as
           all
           this
           is
           very
           far
           from
           the
           Maximes
           of
           the
           Stoical
           Philosophy
           ,
           so
           it
           seems
           Mr.
           Varillas
           understands
           very
           little
           what
           they
           were
           ,
           otherwise
           ,
           if
           he
           had
           remembred
           what
           a
           picture
           he
           had
           made
           of
           
             Anne
             Boleyn
          
           ,
           he
           must
           have
           known
           ,
           that
           the
           amourous
           disposition
           that
           he
           had
           fastned
           on
           her
           ,
           agreed
           very
           ill
           with
           a
           Stoical
           Unconcernedness
           
           and
           equality
           of
           Temper
           .
           But
           this
           he
           thought
           was
           a
           pretty
           conclusion
           of
           one
           of
           the
           Scenes
           of
           his
           Piece
           .
        
         
           And
           now
           being
           as
           weary
           of
           this
           ungrateful
           Imployment
           ,
           as
           any
           Reader
           ,
           or
           as
           even
           Mr.
           Varillas
           himself
           must
           needs
           be
           ,
           I
           find
           my self
           at
           great
           ease
           ,
           being
           no
           more
           obliged
           to
           turn
           over
           so
           very
           ill
           a
           Book
           .
           And
           since
           in
           the
           Survey
           of
           one
           of
           the
           shortest
           of
           the
           ten
           Books
           ,
           of
           which
           that
           Work
           consists
           ,
           I
           have
           found
           so
           many
           capital
           Errours
           ,
           in
           most
           of
           which
           there
           is
           a
           complication
           of
           divers
           Mistakes
           in
           the
           same
           Period
           ;
           to
           how
           much
           publick
           shame
           must
           Mr.
           Varillas
           be
           exposed
           ,
           if
           those
           ,
           who
           are
           concerned
           ,
           examine
           the
           other
           Books
           ,
           as
           I
           have
           done
           this
           .
           I
           expect
           no
           other
           Justice
           from
           
           himself
           ,
           but
           that
           he
           will
           reckon
           all
           this
           scorn
           ,
           that
           such
           a
           Discovery
           must
           bring
           upon
           him
           ,
           as
           a
           meritorious
           Suffering
           at
           the
           hands
           of
           Hereticks
           ,
           and
           that
           he
           will
           use
           it
           as
           an
           Argument
           to
           raise
           his
           Pension
           .
           But
           it
           will
           be
           a
           great
           happiness
           if
           others
           can
           learn
           ,
           thô
           at
           his
           cost
           ,
           to
           write
           with
           more
           Truth
           and
           greater
           Caution
           .
        
         
           The
           design
           of
           all
           revealed
           Religion
           is
           ,
           to
           heighten
           in
           us
           those
           Seeds
           of
           Probity
           ,
           Vertue
           and
           Gentleness
           ,
           that
           are
           in
           our
           Nature
           ,
           and
           I
           will
           not
           stick
           to
           say
           ,
           that
           it
           were
           better
           for
           Mankind
           ,
           that
           there
           were
           no
           revealed
           Religion
           at
           all
           in
           being
           ,
           and
           that
           humane
           Nature
           should
           be
           left
           to
           it self
           ,
           than
           that
           there
           were
           such
           a
           sort
           of
           a
           revealed
           Religion
           received
           ,
           that
           overthrows
           all
           the
           Principles
           
           of
           Morality
           ,
           and
           that
           instead
           of
           making
           Men
           sincere
           ,
           teaches
           them
           to
           be
           false
           ,
           and
           instead
           of
           inspiring
           them
           with
           Love
           and
           Mercy
           ,
           enflames
           them
           with
           Rage
           and
           Cruelty
           ,
           and
           it
           is
           likely
           ,
           that
           M.
           Varillas
           will
           easily
           find
           out
           ,
           what
           that
           Society
           is
           ,
           of
           which
           I
           mean.
           For
           he
           deserves
           well
           to
           be
           at
           least
           one
           of
           the
           Lay-brothers
           of
           the
           Order
           ,
           if
           not
           to
           fill
           up
           Mr.
           Maimbourg's
           room
           ,
           and
           then
           the
           Order
           will
           not
           lose
           by
           the
           change
           much
           of
           a
           quality
           ,
           that
           has
           been
           believed
           to
           be
           almost
           an
           essential
           ingredient
           in
           its
           Constitution
           ,
           which
           gave
           occasion
           to
           a
           very
           pleasant
           Passage
           ,
           that
           ,
           as
           I
           was
           told
           ,
           fell
           out
           at
           Amiens
           within
           these
           20
           years
           .
        
         
           All
           the
           Companies
           of
           Tradesmen
           in
           the
           Church
           of
           Rome
           
           choose
           a
           Saint
           for
           their
           Patron
           ,
           and
           the
           many
           new
           invented
           Trades
           have
           put
           some
           Bishops
           to
           hard
           shifts
           to
           give
           proper
           Saints
           ,
           which
           has
           produced
           some
           very
           ridiculous
           Patronages
           ,
           for
           the
           Cooks
           have
           the
           Assumption
           for
           their
           Feast
           ,
           because
           the
           two
           first
           Sillables
           assum
           signifies
           roasted
           ;
           and
           when
           the
           Needle-makers
           at
           Paris
           asked
           of
           the
           Cardinal
           Gondy
           a
           Patron
           ,
           he
           could
           not
           easily
           find
           out
           a
           Saint
           that
           had
           any
           relation
           to
           their
           Trade
           ,
           but
           he
           advised
           them
           to
           take
           All-Saints
           ,
           for
           it
           could
           not
           be
           thought
           ,
           but
           that
           some
           one
           or
           other
           of
           the
           Saints
           had
           made
           Needles
           ;
           but
           the
           Bishop
           of
           Amiens
           gave
           
             Ignatius
             Loyola
          
           to
           be
           the
           Patron
           of
           the
           Packers
           ,
           now
           the
           Word
           emballeur
           ,
           as
           it
           signifies
           a
           Packer
           ,
           it
           passes
           
           also
           for
           a
           Trepan
           ;
           so
           the
           Packers
           being
           satisfied
           with
           the
           Bishop's
           nomination
           ,
           had
           Ignatius
           up
           on
           his
           Day
           in
           a
           Procession
           ,
           upon
           which
           the
           Jesuites
           were
           offended
           ,
           to
           see
           their
           Patron
           pretended
           to
           by
           such
           a
           Company
           of
           Mechanicks
           ,
           and
           sued
           the
           Packers
           upon
           it
           ,
           they
           defended
           themselves
           upon
           the
           account
           of
           their
           Bishop's
           naming
           him
           to
           them
           ,
           and
           when
           the
           Bishop
           was
           asked
           why
           he
           had
           given
           him
           for
           their
           Patron
           ,
           he
           alluding
           to
           the
           other
           signification
           of
           the
           Word
           emballeur
           said
           ,
           that
           he
           had
           observed
           that
           all
           the
           emballeurs
           of
           Europe
           were
           under
           that
           Saint's
           Patronage
           .
           But
           it
           is
           not
           necessary
           to
           infer
           from
           hence
           ,
           that
           Mr.
           Varillas
           has
           a
           just
           claim
           to
           his
           protection
           ,
           for
           thô
           he
           seems
           to
           have
           very
           good
           inclinations
           ,
           yet
           he
           
           wants
           the
           address
           that
           is
           necessary
           to
           recommend
           him
           to
           so
           refined
           a
           Society
           ,
           and
           to
           a
           perfection
           in
           it
           ,
           that
           cost
           Mr.
           Maimbourg
           a
           whole
           Jubily
           for
           a
           Novitiat
           ;
           for
           thô
           seven
           years
           is
           enough
           to
           learn
           an
           ordinary
           Trade
           ,
           yet
           50
           is
           necessary
           to
           furnish
           a
           Man
           with
           a
           sufficient
           stock
           of
           Impudence
           for
           so
           hardy
           an
           Imployment
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           ADVERTISEMENT
           .
        
         
           I
           Have
           at
           last
           found
           Card.
           Cajetan's
           Works
           ,
           and
           am
           now
           confirmed
           in
           that
           ,
           which
           was
           only
           a
           conjecture
           ,
           when
           I
           writ
           upon
           the
           31st
           Article
           ,
           pag.
           141
           ;
           for
           it
           is
           hard
           even
           to
           guess
           wrong
           ,
           when
           it
           is
           in
           contradiction
           to
           Mr.
           Varillas
           :
           and
           as
           the
           Reasons
           that
           he
           put
           in
           Cajetan's
           Mouth
           ,
           had
           such
           manifest
           Characters
           of
           his
           own
           ignorance
           and
           hardiness
           ,
           that
           I
           could
           not
           so
           much
           as
           doubt
           of
           the
           Imposture
           ,
           yet
           I
           was
           not
           positive
           ,
           till
           I
           had
           taken
           some
           pains
           to
           find
           out
           Cajetan's
           Works
           ,
           and
           there
           I
           saw
           my
           conjectures
           were
           well
           grounded
           .
           
           That
           Volume
           in
           which
           he
           delivers
           his
           opinion
           in
           the
           matter
           of
           the
           obligation
           
           of
           the
           Levitical
           Law
           concerning
           the
           degrees
           of
           Mariage
           ,
           was
           writ
           long
           before
           this
           Dispute
           of
           K.
           Henry's
           was
           started
           ;
           for
           it
           is
           dedicated
           to
           Pope
           Leo
           the
           tenth
           .
           And
           instead
           of
           all
           those
           impertinencies
           ,
           with
           which
           Mr.
           Varillas
           calumniates
           him
           ,
           and
           of
           which
           none
           less
           ignorant
           than
           himself
           ,
           is
           capable
           ,
           all
           that
           Cajetan
           says
           is
           that
           ,
           whereas
           
             Thomas
             Aquinas
          
           was
           of
           opinion
           ,
           that
           those
           degrees
           were
           moral
           ,
           and
           of
           eternal
           obligation
           ,
           he
           in
           his
           Commentary
           declares
           himself
           of
           another
           Mind
           ,
           but
           takes
           a
           very
           backward
           Method
           to
           prove
           it
           ,
           yet
           such
           as
           was
           sutable
           enough
           to
           the
           blindness
           of
           the
           time
           in
           which
           he
           writ
           ;
           for
           he
           proves
           that
           they
           are
           not
           Moral
           ,
           only
           because
           the
           Pope
           
           dispenced
           with
           them
           ,
           who
           could
           not
           dispence
           with
           the
           Moral
           Law
           ,
           and
           he
           gives
           for
           instance
           the
           Mariage
           of
           the
           King
           of
           Portugal
           ,
           
           to
           which
           he
           adds
           these
           Words
           ,
           
             The
             present
             Queen
             of
          
           England
           
             had
             likewise
             consummated
             her
             former
             Mariage
             with
             the
             late
             Brother
             of
             the
             King
             of
          
           England
           
             her
             Husband
          
           .
           So
           that
           Cajetan
           was
           only
           driven
           to
           this
           opinion
           ,
           that
           he
           might
           justify
           the
           practises
           of
           the
           Court
           of
           Rome
           .
           And
           it
           appears
           by
           what
           he
           says
           concerning
           it
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           considered
           at
           Rome
           as
           an
           undoubted
           Truth
           ,
           that
           the
           Queen's
           first
           Mariage
           with
           Prince
           Arthur
           was
           consummated
           :
           and
           so
           it
           is
           sufficiently
           apparent
           ,
           how
           impudent
           Mr.
           Varillas
           is
           in
           the
           abstract
           ,
           that
           he
           charges
           on
           Cardinal
           Cajetan's
           
           Memory
           ,
           it
           was
           far
           from
           his
           way
           of
           reasoning
           ,
           to
           talk
           of
           Fleets
           blocking
           up
           Constantinople
           ;
           but
           Mr.
           Varillas
           ,
           who
           knows
           little
           of
           the
           past
           Time
           ,
           and
           fancies
           that
           matters
           went
           formerly
           as
           they
           go
           now
           ,
           had
           perhaps
           the
           low
           Estate
           in
           which
           the
           Otthoman
           Empire
           is
           at
           present
           ,
           or
           the
           Bombarding
           of
           Genoa
           in
           his
           Eye
           ,
           when
           he
           thought
           of
           the
           sending
           Fleets
           against
           Constantinople
           above
           180
           year
           ago
           ;
           but
           this
           speculation
           was
           as
           much
           out
           of
           Cajetan's
           way
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           sutable
           to
           Mr.
           Varillas
           .
        
         
           Page
           250
           he
           says
           ,
           King
           Henry
           the
           eighth
           had
           opposed
           the
           Mariage
           of
           his
           Sister
           to
           the
           King
           of
           Scotland
           with
           so
           much
           violence
           ,
           that
           it
           brought
           on
           him
           several
           Fits
           of
           an
           Ague
           .
           But
           that
           Mariage
           being
           made
           in
           August
           
           1502
           ,
           the
           young
           Prince
           was
           not
           then
           11
           years
           old
           ,
           and
           this
           is
           too
           early
           even
           for
           a
           Poët
           to
           make
           matters
           of
           State
           to
           have
           gone
           so
           deep
           into
           his
           thoughts
           ,
           as
           that
           they
           endangered
           his
           Health
           .
           But
           as
           the
           Legends
           of
           Saints
           represent
           them
           in
           Extasies
           ,
           before
           they
           have
           past
           their
           Childhood
           ,
           so
           Mr.
           Varillas
           thought
           it
           sutable
           to
           the
           rest
           of
           his
           Poëm
           ,
           to
           represent
           K.
           Henry
           even
           in
           his
           Infancy
           as
           transported
           with
           the
           violence
           of
           impetuous
           passions
           .
           But
           I
           am
           afraid
           I
           lay
           too
           much
           to
           his
           charge
           ,
           since
           I
           do
           not
           believe
           that
           he
           had
           examined
           the
           History
           of
           his
           Life
           so
           Critically
           ,
           as
           to
           know
           even
           his
           Age
           ;
           but
           it
           is
           a
           sad
           thing
           for
           an
           ignorant
           Man
           ,
           not
           to
           have
           a
           Chronological
           Table
           always
           before
           him
           .
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A30405-e110
           
             pag.
             5.
             
          
           
             Lib.
             9.
             
          
           
             Pag.
             249.
             
          
           
             Pag.
             6.
             
          
           
             p.
             226.
             
          
           
             228.
             ●
             
          
           
             240.
             
          
           
             p.
             239.
             
          
           
             Illudqu●
             carnali
             ●●●pula
             for●
             consummavi
             Etiamsi
             Matrim●nium
             f●rit
             per
             ●●●●nalem
             ●●●pulam
             ●●●●summa●●
             
          
           
             p.
             232.
             
          
           
             Ibid.
             
          
           
             p.
             235.
             
          
           
             p.
             2●6
             .
          
           
             p.
             237
             ▪
             
          
           
             p.
             240
             ,
             24●
             
          
           
             ●orison
             .
          
           
             p.
             244.
             
          
           
             p.
             245.
             
          
           
             Ibid.
             
          
           
             p.
             246.
             
          
           
             p.
             248.
             
          
           
             P.
             250.
             
          
           
             p.
             2●1
             .
          
           
             P.
             252.
             
          
           
             Ibid.
             
          
           
             Ibid.
             
          
           
             Ibid.
             
          
           
             p.
             257.
             
          
           
             p.
             258.
             
          
           
             p.
             259.
             
          
           
             P.
             260.
             
          
           
             Ibid.
             
          
           
             P.
             261.
             
          
           
             p.
             263
             ,
             &c
             ▪
             
          
           
             P.
             266.
             
          
           
             p.
             278.
             
          
           
             Ibid.
             
          
           
             ●
             .
             269
             ,
             &
             ●70
             .
          
           
             p.
             272.
             
          
           
             p.
             274.
             
          
           
             p.
             277.
             
          
           
             Ibid.
             
          
           
             ●
             .
             278.
             
          
           
             Ibid.
             
          
           
             p.
             2●1
             .
          
           
             Ibid.
             
          
           
             Ibid.
             
          
           
             P.
             2●2
             .
          
           
             Ibid.
             
          
           
             P
             ▪
             283.
             
          
           
             Ibid.
             
          
           
             p.
             286.
             
          
           
             p.
             287.
             
          
           
             p.
             287.
             
          
           
             Ibid.
             
          
           
             P.
             288.
             
          
           
             p.
             289.
             
          
           
             p.
             250.
             
          
        
         
           Notes for div A30405-e10930
           
             2da
             2dae
             quaest
             .
             15
             Art.
             9.
             
          
           
             Moderna
             quoque
             Regina
             Angliae
             consummaverat
             prius
             matrimoniu●
             cum
             olim
             fratre
             istius
             Regis
             Angli
             sui
             marit