Distant Reader - subject-ephemerides-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-24 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 10 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 124,355 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 12,435 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 94. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

day, moon, min, will, sun, shall, may, first, time, past, year, hours, days, mars, text, place, jupiter, now, new, last, full, english, great, london, tcp, find, good, moneth, weather, st, night, eclipse, quarter, much, noon, one, saturn, mercury, lord, south, morning, say, also, planets, end, latitude, venus, fair, moons, many

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are Edinburgh''s true almanack, or, A new prognostication for the year of our Lord 1692 being bissextile, or leap year ... exactly calculated for the good town of Edinburgh, the metripolitan of Scotland ... / by James Paterson ..., The mariner''s everlasting almanack wherein is set down diverse motions of the moon, with rules and tables for finding her age every day, and when she cometh to the meridian, also the time of her true rising and setting, fully examplified and proved, together with everlasting tyde-tables, containing the true ebbings and flowings throughout the most part of the sea-ports and towns in Europe ... / by Iohn Forbes., and The London almanack, or, A compendium of the year 1673 referred particularly to the meridian of the most famous city of London : together with some antiquities relating to that ancient and honourable corporation, not commonly known to the worthy inhabitants thereof / by Mercurius Civicus..

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

hours min, full moon, new moon, early english, english books, day min, books online, last quarter, first quarter, moon day, page images, creation partnership, text creation, times greater, quarter day, lunar aspects, every day, saints days, great circle, sun riseth, minuts past, early works, moons latitude, sun rising, latter end, full sea, roman account, moons age, shall find, may may, image sets, minutes past, true place, characters represented, tcp schema, represented either, first face, past afternoon, sun setteth, sun setting, suns declination, place days, moneth days, tenth house, tabula domorum, first day, md wd, take notice, king charles, suns place

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are Merlini Anglici errata. Or, The errors, mistakes, and mis-applications of Master Lilly''s new ephemeris for the yeare 1647. Discovered, refuted, and corrected. By C. George Wharton, student in astronomy. Mercurius cœlicus: or, a caveat to all people of the kingdome, that now have, or shall hereafter happen to reade the counterfeit, and most pernicious pamphlet written under the name of Navvorth: or, A new almanacke, and prognostication for the yeare of our Lord and Saviour Iesus Christ 1644. (Said in the title page thereof to be) printed at Oxford by His Majesties Command., and A new perpetual almanack beginning anno do. 1690 Ch: Green fecit..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

moon, sun, tcp, planets, kingdome, eclipse, world, tuesday, suns, saturne, river, parliament, oxford, month, moneth, min, meridian, mars, lord, london, lilly, kirk, jupiter, hours, god, figure, conjunction, city, account

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be 12, and Merlini Anglici errata. Or, The errors, mistakes, and mis-applications of Master Lilly''s new ephemeris for the yeare 1647. Discovered, refuted, and corrected. By C. George Wharton, student in astronomy. is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

day, 〈, time, min, d, m., c, g, d., ♃, b, hours, days, ♀, f, e, year, ☍, ☉, ⚹, place, text, night, morning, weather, end, degrees, ♏, quarter, noon, hath, table, ☌, p., men, ♂, deg, minuts, m, face, ♊, viz, people, planets, minutes, ☊, clock, afternoon, works, texts

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

is, be, have, are, was, being, find, do, were, say, been, had, ⚹, know, ♂, according, begins, take, make, did, see, let, called, tell, made, given, set, said, encoded, come, give, having, sets, done, desire, look, 〈, eclipsed, added, ''s, found, coming, built, hath, based, rising, corrected, hope, happen, performed

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

〉, ◊, 〈, moon, ☽, d., sun, min, ☿, ☉, m., mars, s., jupiter, c., △, london, tcp, ●, lord, ♋, mercury, ♂, new, h., eclipse, venus, saturn, god, ♉, d, m, english, hath, moons, south, latitude, moneth, may, house, n., ♃, ♀, sol, lilly, st., ♈, w., city, sea

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

i, it, you, his, he, they, their, them, your, my, her, him, our, we, me, us, she, thy, its, thee, themselves, himself, ♓, yours, ye, ♂, ''s, ♃, ♀, yt, whosoever, whereof, severall, sat, ours, one, mine, iv, hers, g, endevour

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

first, last, other, great, △, full, many, good, true, such, same, second, much, fair, more, little, early, english, greater, own, new, cold, third, past, distant, ♀, small, old, high, available, next, latter, whole, general, present, occid, better, tenth, subject, most, large, wise, right, pleasant, best, very, hot, fourth, former, worthy

not, so, then, now, also, very, here, therefore, more, as, ♀, first, well, thus, thereof, all, out, never, yet, most, together, only, up, much, even, down, ever, else, there, almost, again, online, indeed, sometimes, long, especially, about, in, early, too, over, no, still, generally, rather, onely, far, at, formerly, exactly

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

Thank you for using the Distant Reader.