A consolation for our grammar schooles: or, a faithfull and most comfortable incouragement, for laying of a sure foundation of all good learning in our schooles, and for prosperous building thereupon More specially for all those of the inferiour sort, and all ruder countries and places; namely, for Ireland, Wales, Virginia, with the Sommer Ilands, and for their more speedie attaining of our English tongue by the same labour, that all may speake one and the same language. ... Brinsley, John, fl. 1581-1624. 1622 Approx. 187 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 51 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2004-03 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A16864 STC 3767 ESTC S106549 99842263 99842263 6904 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A16864) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 6904) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1475-1640 ; 1058:9) A consolation for our grammar schooles: or, a faithfull and most comfortable incouragement, for laying of a sure foundation of all good learning in our schooles, and for prosperous building thereupon More specially for all those of the inferiour sort, and all ruder countries and places; namely, for Ireland, Wales, Virginia, with the Sommer Ilands, and for their more speedie attaining of our English tongue by the same labour, that all may speake one and the same language. ... Brinsley, John, fl. 1581-1624. [16], 84, [2] p. Printed by Richard Field for Thomas Man, dwelling in Pater noster Row, at the signe of the Talbot, London : 1622. Dedication signed: Iohn Brinsley. The first leaf is blank. With a final imprimatur leaf. Reproduction of the original in the Henry E. Huntington Library and Art Gallery. Created by converting TCP files to TEI P5 using tcp2tei.xsl, TEI @ Oxford. Re-processed by University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Northwestern, with changes to facilitate morpho-syntactic tagging. Gap elements of known extent have been transformed into placeholder characters or elements to simplify the filling in of gaps by user contributors. EEBO-TCP is a partnership between the Universities of Michigan and Oxford and the publisher ProQuest to create accurately transcribed and encoded texts based on the image sets published by ProQuest via their Early English Books Online (EEBO) database (http://eebo.chadwyck.com). The general aim of EEBO-TCP is to encode one copy (usually the first edition) of every monographic English-language title published between 1473 and 1700 available in EEBO. EEBO-TCP aimed to produce large quantities of textual data within the usual project restraints of time and funding, and therefore chose to create diplomatic transcriptions (as opposed to critical editions) with light-touch, mainly structural encoding based on the Text Encoding Initiative (http://www.tei-c.org). The EEBO-TCP project was divided into two phases. The 25,363 texts created during Phase 1 of the project have been released into the public domain as of 1 January 2015. Anyone can now take and use these texts for their own purposes, but we respectfully request that due credit and attribution is given to their original source. Users should be aware of the process of creating the TCP texts, and therefore of any assumptions that can be made about the data. Text selection was based on the New Cambridge Bibliography of English Literature (NCBEL). If an author (or for an anonymous work, the title) appears in NCBEL, then their works are eligible for inclusion. Selection was intended to range over a wide variety of subject areas, to reflect the true nature of the print record of the period. In general, first editions of a works in English were prioritized, although there are a number of works in other languages, notably Latin and Welsh, included and sometimes a second or later edition of a work was chosen if there was a compelling reason to do so. Image sets were sent to external keying companies for transcription and basic encoding. Quality assurance was then carried out by editorial teams in Oxford and Michigan. 5% (or 5 pages, whichever is the greater) of each text was proofread for accuracy and those which did not meet QA standards were returned to the keyers to be redone. After proofreading, the encoding was enhanced and/or corrected and characters marked as illegible were corrected where possible up to a limit of 100 instances per text. Any remaining illegibles were encoded as s. Understanding these processes should make clear that, while the overall quality of TCP data is very good, some errors will remain and some readable characters will be marked as illegible. Users should bear in mind that in all likelihood such instances will never have been looked at by a TCP editor. The texts were encoded and linked to page images in accordance with level 4 of the TEI in Libraries guidelines. Copies of the texts have been issued variously as SGML (TCP schema; ASCII text with mnemonic sdata character entities); displayable XML (TCP schema; characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or text strings within braces); or lossless XML (TEI P5, characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or TEI g elements). Keying and markup guidelines are available at the Text Creation Partnership web site . eng Education, Elementary -- Great Britain -- Early works to 1800. 2003-10 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2003-10 Aptara Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2003-11 Rina Kor Sampled and proofread 2003-11 Rina Kor Text and markup reviewed and edited 2003-12 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion A CONSOLATION FOR OVR GRAMMAR SCHOOLES : OR , A faithfull and most comfortable incouragement , for laying of a sure foundation of all good Learning in our Schooles , and for prosperous building thereupon . More specially for all those of the inferiour sort , and all ruder countries and places ; namely , for Ireland , Wales , Virginia , with the Sommer Ilands , and for their more speedie attaining of our English tongue by the same labour , that all may speake one and the same Language . And withall , for the helping of all such as are d●sirous speedilie to recouer that which they had formerlie got in the Grammar Schooles ; and to proceed aright therein , for the perpetuall benefit of these our Nations , and of the Churches of Christ. LONDON , Printed by RICHARD FIELD for THOMAS MAN ▪ dwelling in Pater noster Row , at the Signe of the Talbot . 1622. ¶ To the Right Honourable his Maiesties Lord Deputy of Ireland , and to the right Honourable the Lord President and Lord Lieutenant of WALES , and the Principalitie thereof , the Gouernours of the Iles of GERNSEY and IERNSEY ; and to the right Honourable and right Worshipfull , the Treasurer , Councell and Company for VIRGINIA , and of the Sommer Ilands ; and to all other Gouernours within his Maiesties dominions , to whom the charge and care of Schooles ; namely , those of the inferiour sort , are assigned : with all true fauourers of good Learning , who vnfainedly wish the perpetuall flourishing of the Church of God , and of their natiue Countrey , I. B. wisheth all happinesse in Christ eternally . AFter many thoughts to whom I should more particularly dedicate this my hoped Consolation , ( right Honourable able and right Worshipfull , ) the Lord in his wisedome and mercie ( I trust ) directed me vnto your selues , as those whom it doth in a peculiar manner concerne . That like as he hath appointed you to these places , so ye may euer haue before your eies , the speciall ends for which he hath assigned them to your trust , & for which you must be answerable to his heauenly Maiesty . The first and chiefe whereof ( as I conceiue ) is this , That his pure religion , honour , and true worship , may be set vp , and aduaunced in them ; the next , that the wealth and sauing of all his poore people in those places , both of their soules and bodies , may be by you procured , so farre as in your power shall lie . And these things to be effected principally , by a learned , holie , and faithfull Ministerie , protected and assisted by a godlie Magistracie , and by propagating and spreading all good learning and knowledge amongst them . To this purpose God hauing ordained schooles of learning to be a principall meanes to reduce a barbarous people to ciuilitie , and thereby to prepare them the better to receiue the glorious Gospel of Iesus Christ ; as also for the breeding and nourishing of such a holie Ministerie , with a wife and godlie Magistracie , and people to be perpetuallie preserued ; your care as I take it , in the next place ( that I may speak with all reuerence and submission ) ought to be for prouision of meete schooles and Seminaries for them , according to the natures and conditions of the places , and as God shall raise vp meanes thereto . And for those which are alreadie so prouided and established , that the best orders may be knowne and receiued , for the speediest aduancement of the best learning in them , and for accomplishing all the good thereby desired ; and withall for supply of what priuate helpes Gods goodnes shall vouchsafe , for breeding , and nourishing , and also preseruing all true pietie and grace amongst them . The benefit therefore and comfort of such small mites , as his heauenlie bountie hath vouchsafed me , which may be helpefull hereunto , I do most thankefully and cheerefully , as from his goodnesse , tender vnto you to this end ; And more specially to you , right Honour able and right Worshipfull the Gouernour , Councell and Companie for Virginia , and of the Sommer Ilands ; that planting in a right order , beginning with the Lord , and the carefull planting and watering of his sacred Religion , you may finde a more happie growth , and increase , and euermore sound and lasting ioy to your owne soules . First , the mite of my Schoole-labours trauelled in , now manie yeares for all inferiour and ruder places , whereunto what blessing his heauenlie bountie hath giuen , I leaue to the iudgement of all true harted wel-willers vnto good learning . Secondly , I desire to commend vnto you , for them , and that vpon vndoubted experience , the helpe , and benefit of another poore labour , which he of his goodnes hath likewise granted vnto me , namelie of a little Treatise called , The true Watch , and Rule of Life : which hauing receiued the witnesse of sundrie godlie learned , ( of whom I haue for manie yeares intreated the examining ; and censuring of it , after the publique authorizing thereof ) to be that waie of godlines , wherein we all who truelie professe Christs Gospel do agree , and that narrow path , in which all that walke conscionablie , and carefullie , shall certainely finde eternall Life : I dare be the more bold in ●●tie to make tender of , for the furtherance of their perpetuall comfort and felicitie . And vnto the same adioyned the Rule of true Prayer , the second part of the same True Watch ; wherein I haue followed , ( so neare as I haue beene able ) the perfect patterne of our blessed Sauiour : which two so conioyned , may be for directing priuately euerie soule ( which hath grace to vse them , and to put them so in practise ) as their Sea-card and Compasse , to keepe them in the right course to their intended Point ; that they may not be carried ouer farre , nor fall too short of their desired hauen ; Yea to performe that for them , which neither Card nor Compasse can ; to wit , that they may not onelie be k●pt from splitting ; or dashing vpon the Rockes or Sands , but that they may saile securelie amongst the most dangerous rockes and perillous tempests . That arriuing happily , they may likewise euer after be kep● safe , in the midst of all sauage and cruell enemies . And finally , what straits or miseries soeuer they shall come into , either by Sea or land ; that but onely crying vnto the Lord , they may be graciously heard ; and mercifully deliuered in due time , according to that which shal be most for the glorie of his Maiestie and their owne saluation , with the good of his people . Though the dedication and patronage of my Schoole-labours belong vnto our most hopefull and illustrious Prince , and so in like maner of my Watch vnto most Honourable personages ( to whom I am euer bound ) yet I know that the tender of the assured benefit thereof , after so long triall in the right vse and practise of them , euen vnto your Honours and Worships , for these poore soules , and for your more happie execution of your charge , will be most pleasing vnto them , as who desire the wealth of all . Yea ( giue me leaue to speake iointlie and freelie , yet in all humble duty vnto you all before mentioned , both right Honourable and right Worshipfull ) euen yee are they to whom the charge of these poore Countries and places are committed in speciall manner , and the prouiding for them . If therefore you should not vse all holie meanes for the honour of our God , with the sauing and preseruing of all those soules , and their posteritie , and gaining the verie sauage amongst them vnto Iesus Christ , whether Irish or Indian , but onelie respect your owne ends and proiects , you could neuer stand before his heauenlie Maiestie , to answere his Highnesse for it ; especiallie , if hee most graciouslie offering you helpes thereto , you should not embrace them accordinglie , and to your vtmost abilitie see them put in execution . You cannot be ignorant of the wofull estate of all sorts , so long as they remaine in ignorance and blindnesse , without the sauing knowledge of our Lord Iesus Christ , and much more of all such , as haue bene nourished long in fearefull superstition and Idolatrie : and aboue all other , those who haue bene bred in a manifest , and most palpable , and euen a visible adoring of Sathan ; nor , how the Holie Ghost hath told vs plainelie , That our Lord Iesus will come , in flaming fire to render vengeance to all who know not God , and which obey not his heauenly Gospell . Who must then be punished with euerlasting perdition , when he shall come to be glorified in his Saints , and to be made maruellous in all them that beleeue . Oh set before your faces the miserable condition of the damned , and so the danger of all liuing in blindnesse , whilst they so remaine . If we beleeue the word of the Lord , and looke stedfastlie with the eies of Faith , vpon the wretched estate and wofull torment of that rich Glutton in Hell ( by whom our Sauiour fore-warneth all sorts for euer ) it will surely cause vs to looke vnto our selues . Or if we set before our eies the Lake prepared for all the vngodlie , and where the bloud of those soules must be required , if they perish for lacke of warning or instruction . And finallie , if we consider aright , That the righteous can scarcely be saued , as the Holie Ghost witnesseth most plainelie , and we may see it by d●ilie experience , ( when as m●nie a good soule , which hath bene carefull to walke with God , yet in distresse of conscience , and a little left to Sathans buffe●tings , for their humbling , endure such miserie , and is so hardly rescued from him and from vtter destruction ) it will surely awake vs all to looke more carefully to all committed to our charges . Yee are those whom our blessed God hath appointed ; vnder our dread and gracious Soueraigne to be as foster-fathers vnto them , and therefore it concernes you neerelie , to thinke seriouslie hereof ; for if that way of godlinesse , which we professe according to the word of the Lord and our good Lawes ( which I haue long endeuoured to set plainely before , our faces , in that little Tr●atise , the vse and benefit whereof I desire to commend vnto you for them ) be that narrow way of life , as wee are assured from the mouth of the Lord it is ; then their contrary courses must needes be the way of death and hell . Though therefore , wee should haue no commiseration of the poore soules themselues , yet remember the things that may concerne your owne blessed estate and posteritie , and your ioyfull appearing before the high Tribunall of our Lord and Sauiour , and then there will be no more need to mooue you therein , nor anie other whom the charge of soules concernes , who shall consider hereof aright , to do your vtmost endeuour for their saluation . There will be no more need to call on you to see the gospel of Christ planted among them , or to prouide them of faithfull Ministers , and to procure by all possible meanes all other helps , or that , that which hath bene most charitablie giuen , and formerlie collected to these ends , may be rightlie employed , and whatsoeuer else the Lord shall hereafter affoord for their benefit , chieflie to bring them into and keep them in this narrow path . Wofull is the case of all those , amongst whom Sathan reignes , and who worship him instead of Christ , as all such do , who know him not , and much more those poore Indians , among whom he ( as is reported ) is visibly adored & sacrificed vnto , as their God. Maruell not if honest and vnderstanding Christians be so hardly drawne ouer to these places , as namely into Virginia , or so much as to perswade their friends to such a voyage , when as there are in the same so manifold perils , and especially of falling away from God to Sathan , and that themselues , or their posterity should become vtterly sauage , as they are . This holy care being first had , for their soules and eternall happinesse ; and withall , that there be no wrong offered to the poore sauage there , nor scand all giuen to them , there may be a greater hope of a happy Plantation , and that he will in mercy afford a plentifull supply of all good things , and raise vp many to be benefactors and furtherers , and giue a prosperous successe to all your holy endeuours , with assurance of his fauour present , and for euermore . But if thorough the wickednes or offensiue carriage ef Ministers or people , minding nothing but for their owne aduantage , these poore soules shall take occasion to conceiue euill of the Lord , and his religion , all this hope is vtterly ouerthrowne , in the very hauen . Here upon in my desire of their conuersion and saluation , with the sauing and preseruation of our owne countrie-men there alreadie , and which hereafter shall go to them , and of all other in these ruder countries and places , I haue bene bold to tender these my poore trauels , vpon much hope and confidence : That first euen this course of instruction , to be presented vnto you , being embraced and rightly put in practise , a most speedy and sure foundation , may be layd for all future good learning , in their schooles , without any difference at all from our courses receiued here at home ; and whereby both Maisters and Scholars , may proceed speedily , and cheerefully , and with certaine assurance of a blessing ; and that so from vs may be sent continu●ll supplies of teachers to proceed in the same order . The triall whereof I dare ( through Gods goodnesse ) tender to any by your selu●s appointed to m●ke full demonstration of it to them , like as I haue formerly done to the most learned and fit that I could chuse to this purpose , as appeareth in the Examiners ce●sure , in the closing vp of this little Treatise . And withal , to help that we may haue by the same , not onely the puritie of our owne language preserued amongst all our owne people th●re , but also that it may be readily learned in the Schooles , together with the Latin , and other tongues , and so more propagated to the rudest Welch and Irish , yea to the very heathen & sauage , brought vp amongst them , the more easily thereby to reduce them all ( as was said ) to a louing ciuility , with loyall and faithfull obedience to our Soueraigne , and good Lawes , and to prepare a way to pull them from the power and seruice of Sathan , that they may ioyntly submit themselues to Iesus Christ. And for the Watch , being agreeable to the word of the Lord , as I trust euery one that tries aright shal find it , I dare boldly a vow , that euery soule that shall truely put in practise , first that Rule and Way of life to walke in it , shall find more true comfort by it , then by all the commodities in Virginia , yea more true ioy , with all heauenly riches and felicity , then all the golden mines of the Indians can possibly promise vnto them . Secondly , for that Rule of Praier in the same , that euery one who shall learne to exercise it , as the Lord Iesus hath taught him , shall obtaine whatsoeuer good thing his soule shall desire : and finally , that so watching and praying , he shall be kept safe , euen in the midst of Diuels and ten thousand other perils , and haue the Lord to be vnto him , as he was to Abraham , God all-sufficient , whither soeuer he calleth him , to be seene of him in the Mount , and the inheritance of Abraham , to him and his , so walking , for an euer lasting possession . Thus haue I presumed to tender vnto you ( right Honourable and right Worshipfull ) whatsoeuer the Lord hath vouchsafed me , whereof I haue had hope , that it might help you in your gouernments and charges , for the good of those poore people committed to you , and specially which might further the happy successe of that so much desired Plantation , for the conuersion of the heathen , and training them vp in good learning , and the feare of the Lord , and that so from the children , it may please God more easily to deriue the same vnto their fathers , from the younger to the ancients ; and so in time , by some of themselues so trained vp , to propagate it to all their posterity : which ( if after further triall made by you ) it shal be as curteously accepted , as it is heartily and cheerefully offered , according to that which I haue receiued from the Lord , I shall not onely haue more cause to blesse his heauenly Maiestie , but also be encouraged still to prosecute these poore trauels , and to study the further good of them all during life , especially for drawing the poore natiues in Virginia , and all other of the rest of the rude and barbarous from Sathan to God , and so rest , Yours in all humble obseruance and hearty prayer to God for you , IOHN BRINSLEY . A CONSOLATION FOR OVR GRAMMAR SCHOOLES . THE vncomfortable and fruitlesse toyles , which the Lord hath left vnto men , to humble them thereby , haue euer caused many to bēd their wits and beate their braines , to find out more plaine and profitable wayes , both to rel●eue themselues , and to make their burdens more light . Amongst others , my selfe hauing first had long experience of the manifold euils which grow from the ignorance of a right order of teaching , and afterwards some gracious tast of the sweetnesse that is to be found in the better courses truly knowne and practised , I haue betaken me almost wholly , for manie yeares , vnto this weightie worke , and that not without much comfort , through the goodnesse of our blessed God. And thence the more earnestly haue I pursued this same , for that I haue bene fully perswaded vpon happie experience ( I trust ) that I could neuer employ my thoughts and trauels more acceptably in anie earthly thing , or whereby a greater benefite might redound both to Church and Commonwealth , and in some sort to euery soule , then in searching out , and setting forth to the view of all , the shortest , surest , and most easie entrance to all good learning , and how with certaine hope of good successe all may proceed therein . Who knowes not the grieuous complaints , which ( to the disgrace of learning ) are made almost in euerie place , for the iniuries done to countries , townes , parents and children ; because in so manie schooles , the children , which are the chiefe hope of parents and posteritie , are either spoiled altogether , or else do profite so verie litle ? And for the most part , wherein any good is done , that it is ordinarily effected by the endlesse vexation of the painfull Maisters , the extreme labour and ●errour of the poore scholars , with enduring far ouermuch and long seueritie . Now whence proceedeth all this , but because so few of those who vndertake this function , are acquainted with anie good method , or right order of instruction , fit for a Grammer schoole ? This therefore hath bene in my heart , to shew my loue and dutie to all sorts , in seeking for my part to deliuer the poore , painfull & honest minded Schoolemaister from this reproch and griefe , and to helpe withall to supply this so great a want . And in stead hereof my earnest desire hath bene to procure a perpetuall benefite to all estates and degrees , euen to euery man for his children and posteritie ; by endeuoring to make the path to all good learning more euen and pleasing in the first entrance , then former ages haue knowne ; and thereby also in the continuall proceeding afterwards , so farre as the Lord shall vouchsafe me his mercifull assistance in this great attempt . That children being so entred in a plaine manner , may striue towards the goale with vndoubted certaintie of obtaining their desire , with pleasant delight and chearefulnesse throughout all their time . Concerning the singular benefits and blessings which come by good learning , like as to euery particular soule , and so to whole nations , no man truly wise did euer yet make doubt . No not anie one who hath knowne aright what learning meant ; or who vnfainedly loued his coūtrey , the soules of Gods people , or the Gospel of Christ. For what maketh a nation to be a glorious nation , but that the people are a wise and an vnderstanding people ? What is it whereby we come so neare vnto the Highest , or to that blessed estate from which by our first parents we are so fallen , and to which we must be renewed and restored , if euer we shall inherit againe the tree of life , as by true vnderstanding and knowledge , especially if the same be sanctified vnto vs ? Yea , what is it else whereby we excell the beastes , but by this diuine reason , with which the more we are enlightened by the spirit of the Lord , through the meanes of learning , the more we differ , the more we do excell ? Or who is he that can giue God that glorie for which he was created , and redeemed from hell , or can in anie measure honour him as he ought to do , to his owne saluation , but onely he who is endued with right knowledge and vnderstanding ? Contrarily , whence is that inhumanitie , as amongst manie of the Irish , the Virgineans , and all other barbarous nations , but frō their extreme ignorance of our holy God , and of all true and good learning ? If anie man should dislike of learning , or thinke that there is ouer-much of it , for the strange licentiousnesse and outragious courses of sundrie learned ones , or for that so manie do abuse their learning , euen to their own perdition , without vnfained repentance ; why doth not the same man dislike also of the light , yea of riches , honours , and pleasures , all which are abused commonly by the selfe same men , as they haue occasion , as much as learning is ? Good learning is indeed the heauenly light , the truest honour , the best riches , the sweetest pleasure . Learning is all , and all in all , if we beleeue that wise Salomon , or anie of the graue Sages who haue euer liued since the beginning of the world . Neither is the learning of these men the cause of their licentiousnesse , but this is it in truth ; either that being left vnto themselues , to humble them thereby , they haue put out that light of learning which checked and controlled them , and haue chosen , in their courses , to liue in darknesse rather then in the light ; or for that God hath therfore in his heauie displeausre and most iust iudgement ( as we are to feare of manie of them ) giuen them vp to such palpable blindnesse in the midst of the shining light of this last age , because they loued darknesse rather then the light , or at least for that they receiued not the loue of the truth , that they might be saued . But wholly to conuince all sorts , that learning is the true light , and that principall part of mans glorie ; let any naturall man aske of his owne heart , whether if he would haue his child brought vp to make a worthie man , he would not haue him trained vp in the most excellent learning , notwithstanding all the abuses of it , and whatsoeuer can be deuised against it . And why should anie one who knoweth but the law of nature , much more the diuine law of our holy God , ( that whatsoeuer we would that men should do to vs euen so we should do to them ) once grudge or disdaine that vnto others , which of all other things he most desireth for himselfe & his ? Why should he not as well repine against them for the vse of light , seeing the Lord in his rich bountie , in like maner granteth the light of true learning to be communicated to euerie one , chiefly for his soule , as he shall be capable , as well as he hath the light of the day for the bodie ; and also hath charged all most strictly , to seeke after it aboue all other things . According to that of Salomon : Wisedome is the principall thing , therefore get wisedome , and with all thy getting get vnderstanding . Exalt her , a●d she shall promote thee , she shall bring thee to honour when thou doest embrace her . Wisedome is that one thing without which a man is not in truth a man , nor can euer honour his Creator as he ought . Yet to passe ouer this point , as not so needfull ( I hope ) amongst vs , especially the true professors of Christs glorious Gospell ; whereof neuer anie one was a sound fauourer , who was not likewise an earnest furtherer of the best learning : & contrarily , they onely who haue sought the ruine of the Church , as Iulian , haue sought ( cunningly at least , and vnder other faire pretences ) the shutting vp of the schoole dores , and the bringing of all good learning into open contempt or base esteeme . And the rather do I represse my selfe herein , for that this point hath bene so worthily handled and cleared by some of high place now sundrie yeares agoe , and all obiectours put to silence . To ret●rne therefore towards our proposed marke , & to consider of the meanes whereby the Lord bestowes this heauenly gift of all true knowledge and good learning ; is not the first and principall the right education of children in the Grammer schooles , which God hath ordained to be his nurseries of all learning and vertue ? In verie many of which schooles abroad the contrarie rudenesse is notwithstanding verie much to be pitied and layed to heart of all ; like as it hath bene long , and is at this day too generally complained of , and that to be feared not without iust cause . Of which sort are all those wherein the schollers are so brought vp , as that they are made more vnfit for anie calling , or so much as to take paines in anie profitable employment . But these true nurseries are onely such , wherein learned Maisters and Vshers , being incouraged with meete maintenance and due rewards , do follow the best & most approued courses , labouring constantly to put the same in vre . For in these a wonderfull difference will appeare , when they are compared with those other , in which the right meanes and orders are litle knowne , and lesse regarded to be put in practise . And first to begin with the matter of learning , which ordinarily and in it selfe , through our naturall blindnesse and dulnesse is so hard and vnpleasant ; it is made in these schooles most easie , and replenished with all sweete delight . Secondly for the manner of proceeding , it is in these schooles so direct and orderly , to the verie highest top of all perfection in the same , that the things taught before do euer giue light to those that follow after ; and the later do so hang vpon the former , as that they haue a continuall dependance , and also the scholars haue a continuall helpe and vse of all those things which they haue learned before . There is moreouer in them a very comely array , as in a well gouerned armie , each knowing his owne ranke and office , without the least disorder or confusion . Whereupon the painfull Schoolemaister may , through Gods blessing , as certainly expect much comfortable fruit of his labours , as anie other man in all the world . That euen as the best husbandrie bringeth forth vsually the greatest increase , the shortest and safest cut in nauigation , doth fetch in soonest the double gaine ; so the shortest and fairest way of teaching , shall bring in speedily double learning without anie losse or danger . So as it must needs be great follie to go further about with more trouble and perill , where a shorter and more sure line is plainly directed and pointed out vpon infallible experience . But for the fruits hereof they will be found such , as are able to allure and encourage euerie one , to take the vttermost paines to seek out & to practise the best meanes which euer God shall afford . For in the meaner schooles will soone appeare such a change , from raw and rude behauiour , vnto all commendable qualities , as if they had bene cast in a new mould . So that verie children will begin to vnderstand , write , speake , oppose and answer , and in all thinges so to demeane themselues , as to gaine the hearts of all who shall rightly make triall , and compare them with most others . Whence it must needs follow , that whereas learning is now commonly so basely reputed of , and so few in the countries abroad regard to set their children to it ; yet if the best courses were in vse , euerie one would desire to haue his brought vp in some learning and nurture , and all of the better sort and qualitie should be prouoked to become benefactors to schooles , to augment their maintenance and encouragements for the nourishing & increasing of the same . These things likewise will certainly accompanie such a right order of proceeding ; both a maruellous freedome of the Maisters from their wearinesse and discontent , and from that ouer-great seueritie which they are enforced to exercise , or else to do litle good ; and withall a ioyfull deliuering of the poore children from that continuall feare , whereby in manie schooles , the greatest part haue bene wont to be exceedingly dulled and to be made most vnwilling to their bookes . That now contrarily Maisters may teach with much delight and comfort , and scholars learne with an ingenuous emulation , like as they recreate themselues in their ordinarie sports . And for the time spent in getting learning , assuredly more true , sound , and substantiall learning will be found to be gotten in such places in seuen yeares , then is in others commonly in seuen and halfe seuen . For this is a thing notorious , that in the greatest part of our common schooles abroad , ( some few of principall note excepted ) the scholars at fifteene or sixteene yeares of age , haue not commonly so much as anie sense of the meaning and true vse of learning , for vnderstanding , resoluing , writing , or speaking , but onely to construe and to parse a little , to steale an exercise , and to write such Latine as anie of iudgement will disdaine to reade . That in respect of being fit to be sent to the Vniuersities with credit , that they may proceed with delight and vnderstanding , when they come there , they are commonly so senslesse , as that they are much meeter to be sent home againe . And if they be admitted into the Vniuersities , it is not without the griefe of all who respect the credite thereof . So as that they enter commonly with fowle disgrace , and continue with much contempt , to spend their friends monie & their owne precious time , which might haue bene farre better employed . That they become there a great deale more readie to anie kinde of exercise then vnto the studie of good learning , the ignorance whereof proues such a reproach vnto them . Hence also after sundrie yeares so euilly spent , manie of them return home againe , almost as rude as they went thither , or are sent abroad to be vnprofitable burdens , both of the Church and Common-wealth perpetually . Or if such do light into the hands of painfull and conscionable Tutors , and fall to their studies , yet their Tutors must then act for them the School-maisters part , which must needs be verie harsh and vnpleasing , yea rare to be found amongst them . So that in stead of their Academicall readings , they must be enforced to supplie that which was wanting in the Grammar schoole . Such schollars must likewise vse extraordinarie paines and industrie , and be of most happie capacities , if euer they shall come to that pitch and height of good learning , which being trained vp rightly from the beginning , they might verie easily and in shorter time haue attained vnto . Hereof the complaints of the worthiest and most carefull Tutors in the Vniuersities giue too sufficient testimonie . And though such scholars proue neuer so well , yet shall they feele the want of the Grammar schoole all their life long . But to leaue the Vniuersitie a litle , and to returne to our schooles againe for the gracing of thē . Whereas now in sundrie of them , yea some which are of good maintenance , there are to be found some few like vnprofitable drones , not by the vnaptnesse of nature , but for lacke of better guidance and education ; then contrarily should we haue all such schooles generally , as the litle bee-hiues , euerie one in his owne cell , and each knowing his owne taske , and all gathering iointly to fill the hiues with the most excellent life honie . So that tast wheresoeuer you pleased , you might euer find most sweete contentment ; if thus the best courses were alike made known to all , and care had that they might be constantly put in practise euerie where . Yea then it would come to passe , that whereas now there is litle or nothing in verie manie of them , wherein the eye or eare can take delight , but rather those who come to make triall haue enough at the first , and euer take iust cause of griefe , that there should be such lamentable spoiling of so manie toward youths , so wretchlesse mis-spending of their golden age , with such inualuable and irrecouerable losse and iniurie to all , yet in short time we should see the same as the goodly gardens , & as amongst the litle singing birds , in the flourishing Spring ; where we still looke and hearken after more sweete varietie of pleasant flowers , and of melodious tunes . Then should we find by ioyfull experience , that each meane schoole would ●ot onely excell it selfe , but be equall to manie of chiefer note . And as much as the goodliest garden doth excell the place ouer growne with briars and nettles , the litle bee-hiues the nests of drones , so much should these each way surpasse those same which now they are . That as we haue bene grieued formerly for the one , we should be rapt with admiration of the other , and thinke all our paines and cost farre too litle to be bestowed vpon them . Maisters should be much more encouraged to go on with cheerefulnesse , in seeing Gods blessing vpon their labours , and by hearing the due commendations giuen to their scholars , then by anie other rewards whatsoeuer . The children should euer likewise haue their emulation increased , which of them all should most excell . And to conclude this point , hence it should come to passe , that although all could not be expected to excell in learning , ( for then should we be left destitute of husbandmen to till the ground , and much more of meete supplies to furnish all other callings ; neither is it possible , by all the meanes or paines in the world , to make such to be scholars , to whom God in their naturall co●stitution seemeth to haue denied it ; chiefly where parents or teachers thēselues are too indulgent or remisse : so that their children are disobedient , much absent from schoole , come and go at their pleasures , neglect their exercises or the like , or haue bene spoiled by ill entrance at the first , ) yet these things would follow through a right and carefull gouernment . That a good part would be found in euerie forme to credit the schoole : some to store the Vniuersities , others to adorne all other places and conditions of life ; that thereby might be had men expert in each kinde as necessitie should require , for the common benefite and good of all . All these things we may see verified in some few and rare schooles , by comparing of which with most others , and so by considering what a difference there is ( onely through the better courses practised constantly in them , ) we may fully iudge of the truth of all that hath bene said , and most necessarily be enforced to subscribe thereto . Vpon the due consideration hereof , and vpon much and loug experience of diuerse places , together with the certaine assurance of these and the like vndoubted benefites , which must needes ensue generally vpon the best courses of learning and good education , first diligently sought out amongst all , and then diuulged for the publike good , to be put in practise , I haue presumed to endeuour to my poore abilitie , as the Lord hath vouchsafed me mercie , to make all sorts partakers of this blessing , and thus to be paying my debts to all , in communicating the same vnto them . This trauell therefore hath bene , and is my dutie and seruice , first vnto you all ( ye worthies of the chiefest ranke ) who are vnfained fauourers of good learning , and more especially to you to whom the Lord hath engaged me and mine ; yea my heartie wish ( with all thankfull acknowledgement ) towards you , in your children , and posteritie , in whom you are to remaine after your departing hence , & by whom you would haue your names and dignities still preserued euen in the earth . That they may with sporting , in a pleasant kind of recreation , attaine vnto that heauenly gift of learning , and excell all others therein , according to their places and degrees . And that hereby they may adorne your houses , increase their owne honour in euerie kinde , to become principall lights , and pillars of their countrey , and not to liue to the ouerthrow , or the dishonour of your houses , and names , much lesse to the euil example , or to the spoiling of the poore people amongst whom they dwell , as those who leaue their names for a curse behind them . It hath bene and is my debt , and true desire to all parents , to further their comfort in their beloued children , that they may see before their eyes their childrens forwardnesse in learning and vertue , which may be vnto them some recompence , of all their loue , care , and cost . And also that being hereby encouraged to bring them vp vertuously , they may alwayes haue the testimonie of a good conscience , to cause them to reioice , in that they haue had this first care to prouide them this portion . Hereby they may depart hence with gladnesse , when they may leaue those in their places , in whom they may see iust hope , that they shall liue still in the earth with worthie reputation . And in more especiall manner hath it bene my studie for all such who in their naturall and tender affection , would haue their children brought vp in the most louing and gentle manner , as it were in playing , and with ingenuous strife and emulation , without that sharpnesse which they cannot endure , so much as once to heare of . Yea to all likewise of the meaner sort , that euen their children may the more easily attaine vnto learning , that so some of them being aduanced thereby , may become a stay to their parents , a comfort to their kinsfolkes , a credit to their countrey which brought them vp . And to come vnto our Schooles , for whose comfort I haue chiefly spent my strength , it is my loue vnto you all , that you may be such fertile Seminaries , of the best instruction and nurture , as to replenish all places and callings . Such as from which all crueltie and terrour may be driuen farre away ; that you may be Ludi literarij , truly so termed ; when the Maisters may teach with delight , and scholars learne with delight : yea when the greatest delight and comfort may follow in the end , in reaping , and enioying the fruit of all your trauels . When as the meaner schooles may be either equall , or at least come neare to those of greater name , & the chiefe may seeme as litle Colledges , euerie yeare sending forth their new supplies , vnto our renowned Vniuersities , our Innes of Court , and to all other places of principall note ; not onely to match our aduersaries herein , but also to surpasse them in that , wherein they haue sought to gaine the chiefest credit , & to giue our Church the sorest blow . It is the debt of my loue , and token likewise of my thankfulnesse to you , famous Vniuersities , by endeuouring that ye may be replenished with the choisest plants , when Tutors may be wholly employed as Tutors ought to be , that so you likewise proceeding in the best courses after , may euer flourish more and more , in all the liberall and worthie Arts , adorned with the sweetest Rhetoricians , the sharpest Logicians , most acute and wise Philosophers , skilfull Physitians , holy and great learned Diuines ; for beautifying and fully furnishing the sacred Ministerie , to your eternall praise and commendation , and to the euerlasting glorie of Christ. My loue to you who haue mis-spent your time , and estate in vnprofitable courses , which will be bitter vnto you in the end , and who know not how to employ your selues or your talents . That hereby you may retire your selues in time , and not onely recouer in a few moneths , that which you haue formerly got in schooles , and now haue lost , ( as experience warrenteth you may in good sort ) but that you may moreouer grow on forward in the konwledge of good learning , to become at length some way profitable to the Church of God , and your countrey which bred you . That at least you may betake your selues , if not to the more fruitfull reading of the sacred story with other learned works helping thereunto , to your eternall saluation ; yet to the diligent studie of the famous and ancient Grecian or Roman history , & their noble warres ; to helpe the better to preserue , and defend your natiue countrey ; or for the succour of the distressed parts of Gods true Church , and the poore members of Christ against that Roman Antichrist , as you now see the Lord to neede your helpe , and call you forth thereto . That thus you may receiue comfort to your owne soules , of the pardon of your former courses , and of the Lords fauour , when you shall walke with him in some profitable calling : which otherwise I can neuer see how you can attaine vnto , but that you shall find the flashing of h●ll within you , when your consciences shall be once thoroughly awakened , to consider seriously how vnprofitable you haue bene ; and of that fearefull doome denounced against the vnprofitable seruant : Cast that vnprofitable seruant into vtter darknesse , where shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth . This will surely be executed vpon you without your vnfained repentance , and laying liuely hold on the Lord Iesus Christ. Finally it hath bene , and is mine vnfained desire to all functions and places , and more particularly to euerie ruder place , as to the ignorant countrie of Wales , and more especially that poore Irish nation , with our louing countrie-men of Virginia , or where euer else , if it might please the Lord to cause the light to breake forth vpon them , which now fit in such palpable darknesse , and in the shadow of death , and wholy vnder the slauerie of Satan . To the end to make the way of knowledge more easie vnto them , not onely to the attaining of the Latine tongue , but also that hereby they may much more easily learne our English tongue , to helpe to reduce the barbarous to more ciuilitie , and so to plant Gods true religion there , that Iesus Christ may reigne amongst them , Sathans kingdome fall , and they saued eternally , if the Lord vouchsafe them that mercie . To this purpose I cannot but oft thinke of the speech of a worthy learned man whom Cambridge in his time much reuerenced , who hauing laboured many yeares with little fruite , amongst a blinde , and superstitious people , was wont much to lament , that he was enforced to labour in a barren soyle where salt had bene sowen : whence he vsed to affirme that the chiefe hope of Gods church for all such pleaces so nuzled vp in rudenesse and superstition , was to come out of our Grammar schooles . And indeede for bringing men vnto ciuility , the very heathens saw this to be the onely way , according to these verses of the Poet , which are familiar to euery child . Adde quod ingenuas didicisse fideliter artes Emollit mores , nec sinit esse feros . Right learning of ingenuous Arts , The sauage frames to ciuill parts . This was one chiefe cause that all the wisest among them did so much prefer , and euer so aduance learning , and learned men . To shut vp this point ; this ( I trust ) shall bring a blessing in due time to euerie one , when this way of attaining to learning , shall become so plaine and direct , as that each poore mans child may with a litle cost and labour get some vnderstanding , to know how to serue the high God , and his owne necessary occasions : and that the children , and posteritie of those , may come to the knowledge of the truth , who themselues haue liued in most grosse ignorance , and extreame blindnesse . By the meanes hereof euery one shall be the better enabled to pay that debt , which by his very birth he oweth vnto the Lord , and to his natiue countrey . For we are none of vs borne vnto our selues , but as the heathen Oratour could say , Our countrey doth challenge a part ( of our life & seruice , ) our parents a part , our freinds a part , &c. So that all the course of the life of euery one of vs should be bent , to the faithfull discharge of this our debt : so to leaue to posterity a thankfull remembrance of our well deseruing of them . If the heathens professed this , how much more should we Christians oft bethinke our selues , how much we owe not onely to our countrey , & to the Church of God in generall , but euen to euery particular soule , and more specially to those whom he hath linked vs to by nearer bonds . And to this end ought each of vs to seeke , as he offereth opportunity , to be alwayes paying this debt of ours ; which none are likely to discharge , so well as they , who haue bene best instructed in their youth . Hereupon there shall neuer be wanting many cheerefull aduancers of all good learning , from which so many blessings do proceed , especially when learning shall come into the right estimation . This also shall be the chiefest glorie of all such in the earth , to haue bene benefactours and furtherers vnto the best learning and true pietie , and likewise a notable euidence of the eternall happinesse prepared for them . To this purpose if that heathen Orator could likewise say further , euen by the light of nature : That to all who haue preserued , helped , or any way augmented the happinesse of their countrey , there is a most certaine place ordained in the heauens , where they shall enioy eternall happinesse ; how much more boldly may we Christians auouch the same , vpon certaine grounds out of the word of God : That there is indeed a place of euerlasting happinesse , and glorie prepared for all those , who in witnesse of their loue & thankfulnesse to Iesus Christ , and to their countries , shall employ their studies , and their wealth , to the greatest aduancement of all heauenly learning , and vnto the vertuous education of youth , the hope of the succeeding ages ? Finally , from all these shall the glorie of our nation be enlarged continually , when men of true wisedome & godlinesse , do both rule and obey euerie where . A state most certaine to endure long . A Prince ten times happie , and renowmed to be the head of a people so excelling in all true wisedome and vnderstanding . Being thus vndoubtedly perswaded of so manie and rich blessings to ensue , vpon the right finding out , and making knowne the best courses of teaching in the Grāmar schoole , without the least euill that I can surmise , I haue thought , that this shall be a speciall part of my comfort , and a mercie aboue all other outward fauors , which the Lord hath euer vouchsafed me , if I may but do the least seruice herein , or but shew my desire to further so great a good . Hereupon haue I bene encouraged ( as I said ) not onely to trauell thus farre in it , but also to tender this my poore seruice vnto all , presuming vpon the kind acceptance of it amongst all sorts ; which the Lord hath hitherto vouchsafed , so far forth as I know . Because my confidence hath bene , from my first entrance into this trauel , according to the desire of my heart , that these small beginnings might soone receiue such plentifull augmentations , as in time to accomplish all the good which hath bene mentioned ; and as the Lord hauing verified amongst verie manie , will I trust euerie day more manifest vnto all . I also at the first edition of it , hastened it the more , because , as we are borne for all , ( as before was said ) and receiue all our talents for the benefite of euerie one , to whom they may do good , and are thereby each so deeply indebted vnto them , so I haue endeuored since to increase my former experiments , and to make them vndoubted , by full , and most certaine triall ( as I trust and heartily pray : ) that all sorts for whom they haue bene written , may reape some benefit by them , so long as schooles or learning shall remaine . And what is my life but a vapou● , so that I might haue bene taken away before the work● had euer come to light , like as some of my fellow labou●ers in this kind haue bene , ( of whom I receiued some of these directions , and those not of the smallest moment ) who had bene able to haue done farre greater seruice in this kind ; most of whose worthie experiments in this behalfe , were buried with them ? Or how could I haue euer stood before the Lord , if ( being so fully resolued & assured of the good that might come by this labour , and for that likewise , by the bond of the Communion of Saints , all to whom this benefite of it might redound , had interest in it ; the Lord also hauing offered me so fit oportunitie , ) I should not haue sought the discharge of this my debt to the vttermost farthing ? Might I not iustly haue feared , that he would haue bene displeased for my negligence and loitering in so necessarie a worke ? Why should I not then still communicate from time to time , what he hath further vouchsafed me in my continuall trauell ? Yea why should I not stirre vp all my louing brethren , to the full perfecting of that , which hath bene by his goodnesse brought thus far forward towards the same ? Why should we suffer the industrie of the enemies to be a condemnation to vs , for omitting our opportunities of accomplishing any seruice , which may concerne the glory of our God , the welfare of this people , and the perpetuall benefit of this our deare nation : when they watch all occasions not onely to hinder whatsoeuer good they can amongst vs , but to put out for euer the candle of Israell . When as they will toyle day and night with the perill of their liues , to vndermine , and blow vp our royall King , and Prince , our Nobles , and worthies , with all our glorie at once ; thereby to make an easier passage to their most bloudie and accursed massakers , to murder all who beare anie loue to Christs Gospell , yea to destroy vtterly all the people of the Lord , euen through the whole world , if it were possible , as their furious rage doth at this day proclaime , though with the endlesse destruction of themselues both soules and bodies , and euen of their natiue countrey their mother which bred them . Notwithstanding , I haue not rashly attempted to enter into this so great a worke , but , I hope , that I may truly say , that the Lord our louing God , who hath holpen me hitherto , hath called me vnto it . And this hath he done , partly enforcing me by necessitie , to seeke out the easiest , speediest , and best meanes to manage this my calling , and wherby I might do most good in my place , to be thereby in some sort answerable to the same . Partly by giuing me a confident assurance , euen from the beginning of this my trauell , what a benefite might come to all sorts , by the read●est courses once found out ; and more also in this , that I haue seemed to my selfe , by his goodnesse , to haue from time to time gained euer somewhat by my search : & haue withall obserued how much some few schooles haue excelled others , chiefly through the better courses which they haue followed . Partly by vouchsafing me strength , and cheerfulnesse to proceed thus farre , still adding vnto me some new experiments . More specially by causing me to haue an earnest desire , and an hope by this meanes to answer the loue of certaine worthie friends , in seeking that good to theirs , which I was not able to performe vnto themselues . But aboue all , hath he called me hereunto , by the encouragement which I haue receiued from some principall benefactors to schooles , & good learning ; who though they might by their authoritie and fauours haue commanded all my seruice , yet knowing my endeuour herein , haue both most louingly cheared me , and withall somewhat supported me to goe through with this so weightie a businesse : for the good of their own schooles and places , and of all others . Who haue not thought it enough to found or bestow the places , and to endow them with meete maintenance , vnlesse they shall also do what may be to leaue in them the best meanes of all good instruction and education . To whom not onely my selfe , but the Church of God ( as I trust ) shall euer be beholden . But to passe ouer this point . That worthie desire of our royall Soueraigne ( whom the Lord long preserue to his glory and the good of all his people ) namely to haue all good learning to florish in these his dominions , declared so many wayes , & specially in that his gracious incitement to all Schoolemaisters ( in the conclusion of his Maiesties letters , set before our common Grammar ( ought not onely to prouoke , but to binde vs all , who haue this function and charge , to indeuour our selues to the vttermost , to search out still the best meanes for the most fruitfull training vp of our Scholars , in all good literature and vertuous conditions , where he so royally assureth vs , that as we shall receiue reward of Almightie God for the same , so of his Maiestie worthy commendations . And therefore whatsoe●er comfort we shall finde by our trauels therein , to make the same fully knowne for the generall good of all , as God shall vouchsafe vs fit occasions thereunto . For the manner which I haue vsed in all this proceeding ; the Preface to the Reader in the same our common Grammar hath directed me ; where hauing affirmed that the varietie of teaching is diuerse , and alwayes will be , for that euerie Schoolemaister liketh that which he knoweth , & seeth not the vse of that which he knoweth not , and therefore iudgeth that to be the most sufficient way , which he seeth to be the readiest meane to bring a learner to haue knowledge therein ; it directeth vs thus : Wherefore it is not amisse ( saith it ) if one seeing by triall an easier and a readier way then the common sort of Teachers do , would say that he hath proued , and for the commoditie allowed it , that others not knnwing the same , might by experience proue the like , & then by proofe reasonably iudge thereof : not hereby excluding the better way when it is found , but in the meane season forbidding the worse . This course haue I followed in all directions which I haue here obserued , & set them downe accordingly . Whereas it may be obiected and said , that sundry haue written very learned treatises , concerning the trayning vp of youth : I answer , that it is so indeede ; yet ( that I may speake in modesty as the truth is ) all the learned do well know , that they are such , as do onely set downe the same in a generall maner ; or do write of some one piece or two alone , or at most of some few parts of Grammar learning and matters appertaining thereunto ; and the principall of them vnknowne to the common sort of teachers : or else they are beyond the capacity and reach of the meaner sort ( for whom this is cheifly intended ; ) or at least , they haue specially fitted their course , for the instruction of two or three alone , to be trained vp in priuate houses , as our renowned Maister A●kam . But none whom I know , or haue heard of , haue in this kind of search and triall , gone through the seuerall parts of our Grammarschoole learning , applying themselues for the weakest , & for the common countrey Schooles , thus leading them as by the hand , thorow all the whole courses thereof , onely according to our common Grammar and most approued classicall Authors . Neither haue I in this , followed mine owne priuate conceit , but besides searching by reading , triall and obseruation , I haue first for many yeares inquired further ( as I said ) the best courses , from the most experienced , who haue proued them : euen of such as haue sent most excellent scholars vnto the Vniuersities ; as I haue bene assured from some of the chiefe in the same . Secondly I haue made triall to see a demonstration of euery thing . Thirdly I haue had ( so much as I could ) the iudgement of all the learned , with whom I could confer or communicate . Fourthly , so far as I haue bene able , I haue procu●ed yearely trials to be made by some of the best authoritie , learning , and iudgement that I could obtaine this fauour of , & haue intreated them to censure all things frankely , and to direct vs wherein they found or thought vs defectiue , to confirme and encourage vs wherein we proceeded in a right course . Neither haue I conferred with any louing friend hereof ( so farre as I remember ) who hath not approued of the course , and wished all good successe to this my trauell . So that I haue not posted it forward , but hasted slowly ; and vsed so farre as God hath granted me opportuniy , all meanes of due preparation , and of mature deliberation : thus enquiring of ( as I said ) and conferring with so many of the best experienced , as either my calling , or greatnesse of the charges in trauell would permit . And moreouer before I published any thing hereof in print , I sent some draughts , vnto sundry learned , for their helpe and direction , though not to the hundredth man to whom I desired . For that I was neither able to get copies enow written , nor to procure them written truly , much lesse to be at the charge to send thē abroad into all parts , to many , who I know would willingly haue laid to their hands , and added their experiments . Therefore herein also , in steed of sending any moe written copies abroad , I after a time , by the coūsell of some faithfull and iudicious welwillers to this worke , thought it best to follow that worthy President of most happy labours , Maister Perkins ; who when he was in hand with his Probleme , being aduised to send some copies first to his learned freinds , answered that he could not get copies enow written , & though he procured some writtē forth , and by good scholars , yet they were so defectiue , as that he could not well send thē . And for that cause he would print some few of them first , which might go forth to the view of the world , and so he might heare the common censure of all , and receiue the helpe of his freinds , and then reforme accordingly . Thus did I aduenture to send forth the former draught of my Grāmar Schoole , with some other parts belonging to the same to the publique view of all , that I might the sooner heare and receiue the free censures and better directions of all louing freinds , and welwillers vnto this worke , so to be forthwith trying , reforming and supplying , like as I haue continued vntill this day . In the whole worke , as I promised not any thing but my trauell , which I haue striuen to performe with all the poore ability which the Lord hath vouchsafed me , so I take nothing to my selfe , but onely the wants and errours . The rest is his who hath giuen this desire , and prolonged my life , granted me vnderstanding , strength , and opportunitie to bring it thus farre forward . What directions or experiences herein , I haue receiued from others , as yet , or lately liuing , I would haue set downe with their names adioyned , like as I haue done of some ( which I know might haue brought much credit to the worke , for the authority of sundry of them ; and thereby euerie one of them haue had their due ) but that they did not thinke it meete , desiring to be concealed . What I haue gathered out of the writings of the chiefe learned who haue reuiued learning in this last age , as Sturmius , Melanchton , Erasmus , & others , either shortly set downe , or plainly poynted at in them ; I haue omitted likewise to mētion particularly ; not any way to wrong or detract from them , but partly for that I did not note the places at my reading of them ; and moreouer for that I thought that labour more troublesome then profitable to the Reader . Neither take I vpon me any way to prescribe to the meanest , knowing my self so far inferiour to the greatest part , but do begin to thinke more and more , of this weightie calling , as Paul did of the sacred Ministerie , and to breake out into that his admiration , who is sufficient for these things ? who is meete to haue the treasure both of Church and Common-wealth , with the hopes of all posteritie committed vnto him , and much more to prescribe perpetuall rules in this behalfe ? Much lesse do I pre●ume to teach them of most excellent gifts ; but as a poore fellow labourer for the common good , and a willing learner of all , I do humbly desire the iudgement and helpe of all the chiefe learned , both for their cause who wish this , and for the vniuersall benefit of the present age , and of all posteritie . That I may see still both what they approue in the courses set downe , also what they disallow , and likewise vpon what grounds ; what may be bettered , what is yet wanting , and what is superfluous . Thus is my hearts desire , to trauel in it still , according as I haue begun , vntill the Lord shall accomplish the whole worke , which although it should be seuen yeares more , yea many moe before ; yet the Lord prolonging my dayes , I shall euer increase in reioycing in my vndoubted assurance of the rich blessing , which God will giue vnto it , & thinke all my labour most happily spent . But herein let not any man expect from me great matters , in a lofty kind of verse or prose , or eminency in declamations , orations , or the like , this I leaue to our worthy renowned schooles of Westminster , Eaton , Winchester , and the rest both in London & elsewhere , and to our Schoolemaisters of chiefe fame , whose breeding & imployment in schooles hath bin accordingly ; and who haue ancient scholars long exercised in these kinds . Cōcerning whom I am so far off frō enuying any excellent learning in them , that I wish all others partakers of the like in their kind . And for my selfe I content me with this mercie from the Lord , and blesse him for it , that I haue trauelled chiefly for our meaner & ruder schooles ; and that he hath vouchsafed me this fauour , to bring my worke so farre forward , as to helpe to direct hitherto , according to the things mentioned in the Contents . Yet this I humbly desire of all such of principall note , for education , gifts and experience , to further vs with their better directions in all these exercises and the rest ; & now God hauing so accomplished my desire for the first foundation , and let me see his blessing vpon the little on s , I will labour to follow them in what I am too short , as fast as his goodnesse shall enable , vntill I shall likewise find by experience , wherein that excellency and comfort of theirs doth consist , and come as neare vnto them as I can . Though therein , Cum in primis non liceat ; in secundis tertijsve consistere pulchrum erit . For the length of the worke in the Grammar schoole , I haue in many things contracted very much in this edition . And for those things wherein I may seeme ouer tedious , as namely in the first entrance of children , in teaching Accidence and Grammar , also for construing , parsing , and making Latine , I would haue all consider how therein I haue contended to direct the carefull Maister , to incite both himselfe , and his little ones , as by play , to make the least to loue the Schoole and learning ; and for that those things being well performed , all the difficulty is past . Yea in all such places I would wish you euer still to remember this , that I wrote not for the great learned , but chiefly for the simplest , & yong beginners , both teachers and learners , with whom I cannot be too plaine ; although I haue and do still striue to abridge whatsoeuer can be , so as I may be well conceiued of all , for whom I labour ; and in the end of euery chapter haue vsually repeated briefly the sum thereof . And knowe withall , that I haue thought it my dutie to set downe whatsoeuer I haue found to be profitable , that out of them all , the best may bee setled , being confirmed by the trials of many . In which respects some of great learning , who perused the work formerly , haue not seene how it could well be any shorter , nor what might well be spared , especially being thus offered to the publique censure . Consider moreouer what great volumes haue bene written of some one of these points alone , whereas my indeuour hath bene to go thorowe them all , shewing in euery one , what I take to be principally necessary or behooffull . And finally remember that which Martiall wittily and truly affirmeth : Non sunt longa quibus nihil est quod demere possis . Things are not long , wherin there is not ought to spare . Those for whom it hath bene labored in , who wil not vouchsafe it the reading because of the length , would much lesse haue taken the paines , or haue bene at the cost , to haue trauelled , searched , and tried to haue found it out . Although this I dare constantly auow , and keepe within my bounds , that it had counteruailed vnto me both the labour of an hundredth times reading it ouer , and as manie times the charges , if I had knowne but the things from my first entrance into teaching , which God hath now thus made knowne to all ; besides the freeing both of my body and minde from much toyle and griefe . Notwithstanding that I then both read all whom I could get in this argument of teaching , and also had from the beginning for sundry years the aduice and direction of * one in whose house I liued , who was well knowne to be inferiour to few in all excellent learning , and euen in this kinde amongst other . Neither do I doubt , but that whosoeuer he be that would do good in this function , especially of the new beginners , and shall peruse the worke with desire to make his benefit of it , shall meete with some one thing alone or other in it , ( which if he will practise it aright ) he will freely acknowledge to be worth all his labour , as I haue done sundry of them at the receiuing and triall of them , and much more shall he do the same for all the rest . Yet for those who would not reade ouer the whole treatise at large , they may see the sum briefly in the margents , & so in the table in the end , to reade what they desire , to passe ouer the rest . But for them for whom I haue trauelled , I had much rather to be ouerlong , to the end that I may omit nothing which concerneth their helpe , & may be vnderstood of all , then by being ouer-short , to omit many things , or not to be vnderstood of the greatest part : as it falleth out in most Compendiums . For as I once heard a great learned and holy man say publikely in the Vniuersitie concerning Compendiums , that they brought ordinarily but a compendiarie knowledge ; so it will be found certainly true , amongst all learners of them in matters of any difficulty , vnlesse they haue the help of good readers , or of most familiar Commentaries and expositions , to make them plain . Because cōmonly the learners do imagine that they haue gotten that learning by them which indeed they are ignorant of , and so ceasse from searching further ; although for those who vnderstand them fully , or haue meanes to haue them plainly opened , they are of most singular vse , for the easie remembring and practise of the things contained in them . Moreouer howsoeuer I should not be able to attaine to each point aymed at here , and wished , nor to any one of them in the absolute perfection , yet I euer thought from the beginning that my trauell should be most happily employed , if I might effect but only these things following , or some of them , as namely : If I might but set others on work , to search yet further , or to make trial of these experiments or better , for the ful assurance of all sorts , to finde out at length , that which is desired . Or secondly , if it were but to gaine the experiments of some others who haue most happily trauelled herein . And the rather , for that sundry of chiefe experience in this kinde , are so hardly drawne to impart that which they know ; either for lacke of opportunities , or lest they should be thought to presume ouer much , or suspecting the censures of others , or for some like by respects , wherby both Church and Common-wealth are depriued of their due ; to wit , of such singular helpes as might exceedingly tend to the benefit of them both . Or thirdly , if I might but make known amongst alsorts , sundry most profitable bookes and helpes which God hath to this end prouided , both for Maisters and Scholars , which haue formerly bene hid , and are vtterly vnknowne to the greatest part . Or fourthly , if I may but only help such of my brethren as toile without fruit or comfort , wearying themselues in an earnest study to do good , and do mourne and sigh , wishing better directions . And much more those , who neuer knew any good proceedings , and liue as burdens to the publike hurt , for lacke of direction in this behalfe . That so not any one , who maketh conscience of his calling , and will inquire , should be vnprofitable . Yea fiftly , if I might but helpe the common sort , how to gaine but one yeare only in the getting of learning , & lessening of charges , chiefly for the poorer . Albeit that my vndoubted hope is , that by these courses alone almost double sound and good learning may be gained , in regard of that which hath bene and is in many country Schooles , for vnderstanding , speedinesse , certainty and delight . That little children being rightly trained vp , may do more at nine or ten yeares old , then in many places at fourteene or fifteene , as Master Askam saith , concerning the Northern parts in his time ; when they went to the schoole little children , and came away great lubbers ; alwaies learning , little profiting , learning without booke euery thing , and vnderstanding within booke little or nothing , as he rightly affirmeth . And for the further euidence hereof , that so much more good may bee done hereby , it is very apparent in this . That a great deale may be gained by three or foure of these helpes alone , which either are not knowne , or not practised in the ordinary Schooles . As first , by winning a yeare or two in the beginning , by ●etting them to schoole so soone as they are able to learne . Secondly , by causing all things in Schools to be done with vnderstanding . Of the benefite whereof see Chap. 5. of the Grammar Schoole . Thirdly , by making the Scholars very perfect , first in their grounds , viz Accidence , chiefly in Nounes and Verbes , after the maner which is shewed there ; and after likewise in the Grammar it selfe , for the perfect vse , vnderstanding and applying of the rules . This will gaine much in time , and more in ease and certainty then can be imagined . Fourthly , by making them very perfect in their authors , as they proceed . Fiftly , by the knowledge and practise of the rule of construing , and of translations formed according vnto the same , for all the lower sort . Sixtly , by hauing in all things the most easie , sure , and excellent patternes to follow ; which , they being kept vnto constantly , must needes come in time to expresse very liuely , or at least come neere vnto them . To omit the benefit of increasing in our owne toung as in the Latin ; and all things for going certainly without staggering or doubting , and much more by their growing in their writing , together with their other learning , & that by one and the same labour . Now if by these few so much may be gained , and much more by all the rest together , being constantly practised : then let euery man iudge what we might certainly expect , if many moe learned well-willers , would adde still but each his seuerall experiment . These same , amongst others , haue bene the seuerall ends , whereat I haue aimed , and thought my labours should be happily emploied , if I might in any sort attaine vnto them . Wherein how farre the Lord hath vouchsafed to fulfill my desire , I refer it to euery one who hath or shall duely make triall of that which I haue written . That I do in this worke so much account of Grammaticall translations , which I so oft mention in the Grammar schoole , as namely Chap. 8. where I shew the manner , vse and benefit of them , I hope that this wil be found true by experience , that after children haue bene well trained vp in their Accidence , and a litle entred and acquainted with them , following the courses directed for thē , they will go ouer their whole Authors so translated , by the help of thē , before they could haue gone through one third part of them without . And also that they will learne their authors far more perfectly for each good vse , and keepe them much more surely , with lesse labour or trouble ; besides that they shall continually learne by them to make Latine truly and purely , and to get matter and phrase , aswell as to construe and parse . And furthermore because in all the formes which shall vse them , chiefly in the higher , they wil be found for the most part to be in stead of the Maisters or Vshers labour , and euer certaine , teaching English as wel as Latine , without any of the inconueniences vsually imagined ; so that there be a wise direction and ouersight , as in all other things , that they be vsed aright . Besides experience , the reasons are most euident , as I haue shewed in their place ; especially by making all their authors to be so easily and soone vnderstood , and then for the continuall practise by them of the Grammar Analysis and Genesis : and finally that by them may be such a daily vse of translating both into English & Latin : all which are so highly commended by the learned , for the speedy getting of any tongue . And hereunto the two first leaues of Master Askams Schoolmaster whom I principally esteeme and propound , do giue sufficient testimony . Hee in the very entrance of his booke , sharply reproouing the common order of making Latins practised in Schooles ; and hauing shewed how by that ( as it is comonly said ) children are vtterly marred , and also hauing giuen most manifest reasons of the hurt which comes thereof , for the feare that children are driuen into : affirming moreouer , that nothing hath more dulled the wits , or taken away the wils of children from learning , then that : and lastly how they learne euill choise of words , wrong placing , and ill framing of sentences , and that which they must vnlearne againe ; he afterwards speakes thus , concerning this kinde of translating , and the benifits of it . There is a way ( saith he ) touched in the first booke of Cicero de Oratore , which wisely brought into Schooles , truly taught , and constantly vsed , would not onely take away that butcherly feare of making Latines , but also with ease and pleasure , and in short time , as I know by good experience , worke a true choise , and placing of words , a right ordering of sentences , an easie vnderstanding of the tongue , or readinesse to speake , facilitie to write , a true iudgment both of his owne and other mens doings ; what toung soeuer he doth vse . Then he setteth downe the manner , how the child should be taught to translate a peece of Tully , or a like Author thus plainly , & afterwards out of his translation to turne it into the Latin of the Author againe ; and then by comparing with the Author to see how neere he came , and where he missed ; so to amend it , still striuing vntill he come to expresse his Author truly . By this he saith , the maister may teach all those things which are most tedious and difficult without any errour , and the scholar may learne without any great paine , the Maister being led by so sure a guide , & the scholar brought into so plaine and easie a way . This is the summe of Maister Askams speech . Now these Grammaticall translations of our lowest Schoole Authors , do performe the same things for all young scholars farre more surely and speedily . More surely , because the scholar translating into English of himselfe , vnlesse the Maister vse maruellous diligence , before in making him very perfect in the true construing of it , and as much after in perusing & amending euery thing which is faulty , the child wil misse in translating ; and if he translate falsly into English , or misse of the Grammaticall order , he can not translate into the same Latine againe , vpon sure grounds and reason , vnlesse he go by rote , as we say . Moreouer that labour for so perusing the translations , of euery one of each forme thorough a Schoole , would be endlesse in the greater schooles , and much more when they haue turned it into Latine , for comparing all with the Author , and reducing each thing into the right order ; whereas these being so translated vnto their hands , do first guide them certainly how to construe or to translate , to reade all things which they learne by them , into a true translation , and consequently to turne them perfectly into the Latine of the Authour againe . These do it also more speedily , in as much as they may reade ouer many lines turning them into English or Latine before that they can write one . Although that kind of translating by pen of themselues , both into English and Latine , hath also her due place and singular vse , for some speciall benefits thereof , as writing true Orthographie , and the like , as I shall shew in the handling of it . Furthermore , this very course of translating peeces of Tully or the like good Author , into plaine naturall English , by the Maister himselfe , and giuing them to the Scholar to turne into Latine , to trie how neere he can come to the Author , and then comparing it with the Author , he sets downe in the beginning of his second booke , page 2. By this meanes he saw that experience which might seeme almost incredible , in that hopefull young Gentleman ( whose death he so much bewaileth ) Maister Iohn VVhitney , in Sir Anthony Dennies house , where the Ladie Elizabeth did lye , when he came to serue her ; that within lesse then the space of a yeare , he had so profited in writing pure Latine , that ( as he saith ) some in seuen yeares in the Grammar Schooles , yea some in the Vniuersities , could not do halfe so well . So afterwards he saw the like in his happiest Schollar that euer England had bred , our late Queene , who made vs all happie ; who , as hee saith , did so farre surpasse all of her yeares in excellencie of Learning , and knowledge of diuers Tongues , that verie fewe of the rarest wits in the Vniuersities could any way reach vnto her . And this seemeth euidently to haue bene the chiefe meanes ; like as he prooueth at large , by the authoritie of many great learned , this way of translating , to be either the onely , or at least the chiefe , readie , and sure meanes to attaine speedily to any tongue . And that I may adde but one other testimonie of a rare and knowne experience in this kind . At the Commencement of that right noble , and memorable Gentleman , Sir Iohn Harington , ( who now rests and reignes with the Lord ) hauing speech with Maister Touey , who had bene a Schoolmaister , equall ( as he was indged ) to most of the chiefe in that kind ; but was then wholly employed for the attendance and tuition of that young Noble-man ( with whom he also liues now in heauen , ) I desired to know this of him : that whereas I had writ vnto him formerly , to haue taken some paines , in setting downe the shortest and best way of teaching , according to his experience ; and now there was a rare fame , that God had giuen an extraordinarie blessing to his endeuours with that young Noble-man , so that he did of a sodaine go farre beyond most others of his time , ( aboue all former expectation : ) that he would vouchsafe to impart vnto me , in a word or two , what were the principall meanes he had vsed thereto . He acknowledging thankfully , that he had indeed seene much experience of Gods mercie therein , told mee , that this was the principall and summe of his course : That he had bene enforced to begin againe , euen from the verie Accidence , causing him to get the perfect vnderstanding of the Rules , for the meaning and vse , though he could not the words in so short a time ; and after that , he had caused him to practise continual translating into Latine , after this manner . That he himselfe had chosen easie places of Tully , and other familiar Authors , which the Gentleman knew not , and caused him to turne them into Latine , and after brought him to the Author , to compare that which he had written , to the same , iust according to this last manner mentioned out of Maister Askam . After , rounding me in the eare , he said ; But shall I tell you , It was by Prayer , quoth he . Hereupon , after my returne , I set my selfe to put all these in practise , yet more seriously then formerly I had done . But for this kinde of translating , finding the toyle and impossibilitie of it , first to translate peeces fit for euerie Forme , and after to examine euerie ones exercise , how he had translated , and to correct them ; I wholly bent my selfe to trie how this might be done , thorow the seuerall lower Formes , that they might haue most practise of it . Thus trying sundrie waies , which were ouer-long to recite , and amongst others , hauing seene in a chiefe Schoole in London , good vse of verball translations ; amongst some other things , I began to thinke , that by the meanes of translations of the first Authors which Scholars learne , this translating might be practised in each lower Forme continually . But there were yet two maine difficulties , which had formerly hindred me from any such vse of them . First , that our vsuall translations did direct the young Scholars vncertainly , and sometimes amisse , being oft rather to expresse the sense , then the words in anie right order of Grammar ; and that the learners must go by memorie , and as it were by rote , more then by anie certaintie of Rule , vnlesse they were of better iudgement . And secondly , that for this and other inconueniences , translations were generally in disgrace in Schooles . Therefore , this then I thought necessarie to be my first labour , to finde out some certaine rule to follow , according to which to frame these translations , and which might be the guide of all . And herein I , vnder Iesus Christ , acknowledge my selfe be holden for the rule of construing and translating , in the beginning of my Schoole labours , now aboue 30. yeares ago , first to Maister Crusius : since to the reuerend and ancient Schoole-maister , Maister Leech . Thirdly , after them to that painefull , Maister Coote , of Hunsden in Essex , now with the Lord. And fourthly , to that learned Go●leuius , and to some other of my acquaintance , who had likewise taken paines in this rule , which they willingly imparted vnto me . And so from that time vntil this day , I haue still bene labouring to find out the rule more exactly , & to frame the translations according to the same . Secondly , this hath bene my next studie , to seeke out the right vses and benefits of these translations , and so in all things to set them downe , as they might be a certaine direction , wherby most easily and surely to reape the fruite of them . Lastly I haue trauelled herein specially to haue full triall & assurance in euerie thing , that as I had gathered these amongst other experiments , for the vse of all schooles , so vpon certaine proofe by my selfe , and other of better iudgement , I might at length commend them to all learners , and so helpe to bring in that excellent vse of them ( which Maister Askam aduised ) euen into the Schooles , in which they had bene so formerly distasted , as that it was thought a Paradox , but to name the vse of translations i● them . Now vpon this rule , and the expressing euerie thing in the translations , both in proprietie , and also according to the sence and meaning of the author , with varietie of other English phrases , and supplying what is wanting , to make vp the construction , with the other things obserued therein , especially vpon the rule , depend all the chiefe benefits , for a certaine Analysis and Genesis ; both for construing , parsing , making and tying Latin surely , and sundrie of the rest , as is shewed at large in the eight Chapter of the Grammar Schoole . By the right practise of these translations , so framed , as I am fully assured , by long experience , through the Lords mercie and goodnesse , an increase will be found in learning , farre more then can be well conceiued , before due triall made , and that with much lesse trouble to the Maister then otherwise : and with farre more delight , certaintie , ease , and cheerfull emulation to the scholar . I haue therefore thought it my dutie , after my vnfallible experience of them , rightly vsed , so as I haue plainely set downe the maner in this second edition of my Grammar Schoole , and after my so long and painfull trauell , to find out the Rule most certainly , with the best , and most profitable vses thereof , to commend them more confidently vnto all our Schooles , and to all desirous to recouer speedily the knowledge of their Latin tongue , or to increase therein . In a certaine affiance , that all who shall vse them aright , shall see a rich blessing , without inconuenience : yet lest in anie thing I should be thought too peremptorie , I intreate the learned first to make proofe , then to iudge hereof according as they find . For anie further apologie therefore for my bold attempt , in these endeuours , I trust that some few of the reasons lightly touched before , may be defence sufficient . And first my vnfained studie to do all this good to all sorts , without the least iniurie to anie one , so farre forth as I shall know it , or without inuerting anie approued course . And that howsoeuer I haue bene the vnfittest of manie of my brethren , to enter vpon so hard a taske , yet the weaker , the more meete haue I bene , to haue a compassionate feeling of the wants of others ; and more like to applie my selfe to the capacitie of the meanest and most ignorant : whereas the great learned and acute do oft times thinke , that what they themselues vnderstand , all others should presently conceiue , though the most of the simple comprehend litle or nothing of it fully , as they should . Secondly , for that in these my poore labours , euerie one may haue the wearie trauels , and comfortable experiments , of manie learned thus gathered into one , and brought therby vnto his hands without labor or charge , which otherwise might haue cost them manie miles trauelling , and some yeares triall , as well as my selfe , and yet they might haue failed of manie things , which here they may find , and more hereafter , as God shall vouchsafe moe supplies vnto it . Thirdly , because there is no man , hauing the nature of a wise father , who would not haue his child to haue some learning , howsoeuer he purpose to employ him afterward , and who to that end would not haue him so instructed , as whereby to get the best learning , in the shortest time , and with the least seueritie , or who will not giue almost double , if he may be assured to haue his child so trained vp . Fourthly , for that I haue him who searcheth & trieth the hearts , and whose good hand hath bene with me in goodnesse , in all this worke , to beare witnesse vnto my conscience , that I haue not either in this , or anie other my trauels , aimed at vaine praise or commendation ( for that our holy God would turne into shame ) or at anie other sinister end ; but that I haue striuen with all my heart , so farre as in my weaknesse I haue bene able , to aime at those verie ends alone , which our blessed Sauiour hath taught me , in that diuine patterne of heauenly prayer , which hath bene in all my labours my principall direction . And namely , to manifest my dutie & thankfulnesse to my heauenly father , like as for all other his mercies chiefly in heauenly things in Christ , and for innumerable temporall fauors , in his fatherly prouidence , protection and direction vouchsafed vnto me ; so more especially for those three great deliuerances ( to be had in euerlasting remembrance ) not onely of our Church and nation , & of all other the Churches of Christ with them , but euen of my selfe particularly in euerie one of them . And this I haue desired to do , by seeking first to honour him , and secondly to aduance and enlarge his kingdome , and to these ends searching to know and accomplish all his holy will , tending thereunto , and so all the other subordinate ends , as he hath directed me . Thus haue I endeuoured to rely vpon that his gracious promise , that thus seeking first the kingdome of God , and his righteousnesse , all these other things should be added vnto me , ( as an ouer-measure ) so farre as should be good . And herein indeed I haue felt no breach of promise from his Maiestie , but found him faithfully and true ; yea , exceeding bountifull , aboue all that I could conceiue , in all things wherein his goodnesse hath enabled me so to seeke him . Vpon all these grounds I can nothing doubt , but through the mercie of the Lord , this labour being intended to these verie ends , and prooued to be answerable thereunto , without inconueniences in the right vse of it , as my assured confidence is ; I cannot but fully hope , that it will in due time be most welcome , and acceptable to all , that euer shal make triall by themselues or others . Lastly , for that I willingly submit it , with all my labours , to the louing censure of all the learned , who truly loue Christs Gospell , being readie to be taught of the meanest , who shall in anie thing shew me my error , or giue me clearer light . And though the defects should still be verie many ( as in so difficult a worke it is no great maruell ; ) yet sith I am most desirous to be continually reforming , euerie ingenuous well-willer vnto good learning , will ( I trust ) louingly pardon them , and thankfully accept of that which God of his goodnesse hath granted . Thus I put forth each first Copie of translations or others , as not set forth , but to go more generally to all my louing friends , and well-vvishers to this worke , to craue of them further helpe , as I sayd before . To this end , I do still humbly request , euerie true fauourer of good learning , to lay to his hand , that so I may be continually learning , amending , and perfecting , so long as the Lord shall lengthen my daies . If in anie thing , I haue or shall seeme to reioice ouermuch , yet consider first , that in my generall work , in my Grammar-Schoole , I haue thought the forme of a Dialogue most fit ; wherein more libertie is granted to incite and incourage others . Secondly , that I haue not , nor will speake anie more , then either what I haue seene experience of , or whereof vpon good grounds , I am fully assured , and which I take my selfe bound to relate , onely to the praise of our God , & the good of others , to make all others partakers of the comforts , which to that end he hath vouchsafed vnto me , following so neare as I can , that direction mentioned before , in the Preface before our common Grammar . Thirdly remember that report of Maister Askam , cōcerning Maister Iohn Whitney , farre greater then all mine are together : and then I doubt not ( these things being rightly weighed ) but all who are wise hearted , will easily beare with me , in my confident reioycing , trusting moreouer that God will verifie all things , to euerie one who shall duly make triall . And in this affiance , and testimonie of my conscience , before his sacred Maiestie , I wholly relie my selfe . Therefore , before I conclude , giue me leaue a little to turne my speech to you , ( my deare fellow labourers , ) and namely to all you of the weaker sort , for whom I haue and do still chiefly trauell , whose hearts are set as mine to do all the good you can , in your seuerall places , all your dayes . To you all I wish , that as we haue bene sometimes companions , in fruitlesse toile , and vexation ; so we may be now in reioycing at , and admiring the new fruites of our labours . What a griefe may this iustly be vnto vs , when one shall come , and crie out of vs , to our faces : My sonne hath bene vnder you six or seuen yeares , and yet is not able so much as to reade English well ; much lesse to construe or vnderstand a peece of Latin , or to write true Latin , or to speake in Latin in any tolerable sort , which he might haue bene well able to haue performed , if that you had taken that course and those good paines with him which you might haue done ; for in such a schoole others much yonger then mine are able to do it . Another shall complaine ; My sonne comes on neuer a whit in his writing . Besides that his hand is such , that it can hardly be read ; he also writes so false English , that he is neither fit for trade , nor any employment wherein to vse his pen. When all in a towne generally , shall murmure against vs , in this or the like manner , that their children do no good vnder vs , but lose their time , and spend their friends mony , being brought vp idlely , made fit for nothing , and therefore what should a schoole do amongst them ? That it were much better to turne the maintenance giuen to the schoole , to beare the charges of the towne for other duties and seruices , then so vnprofitably to employ it . Moreouer how must this needs trouble vs , when manie shall crie out of our seueritie : some shall wish , I would my child had neuer knowne him . If he had not dealt so cruelly with my child , he had bene a scholar , wheras now he is vndone . Or when our scholars coming to mans estate , shall curse vs , for that by our blowes they were made dunses or deafe ( though this oftentimes vniustly ) or to hate all learning . Or shall generally bewaile the losse of their time vnder vs , complaining as the vsuall maner is , My Maister neuer taught me anie vnderstanding , or right vse of good learning , that though I was with sundrie , yet I was neuer the better . I got more sence , and saw more light for the vse and excellency of learning , and also felt more sweetnesse therein , in one halfe yeare in the end , with one who directed me in a better order , then in all my time , with all others . The rest deceiued my parents , and were my vndoing . Or when they shall thus complaine : Our Maister had not anie care of our gouernment and manners . He neuer taught vs the feare of the Lord , nor made the least conscience to plant anie Religion or grace in vs. Finally , what a terrour shall this be vnto vs , and what a wounding to our consciences , when we shall but thinke , how the Lord and all good men , may most iustly lay this vnto our charge , that the cause hath bene chiefely in vs , that Gods religion , hath not thriuen any better in our Land , in so long a time ; but that Popery , ignorance , Atheisme , and all irreligiousnesse , haue farre more growne vp in many places ? If we had bene as carefull to season our youth , in the truth of Christ , and to settle them in the grounds of his holy religion , truly professed amongst vs , to their saluation , as the Popish schoolemaisters are to corrupt them with Idolatry , and superstition , vnto perdition , the knowledge and loue of Gods true worship , and pietie , had flourished amongst vs , euery where long ago , all Popery and Atheisme rooted out . And what answer can we thinke to make to God , for his religion , and people , for so many who haue bene lost , chiefly through our lacke of care ? How should these things touch euery one of vs , euen to the very hearts , and cause vs to bethinke our selues at length , of this our weighty function , to the end to take away all this reproch , and to begin to recouer the credit of our worthy profession . You know well , that we are they to whose charge that rich treasure , both of Church and Cōmon wealth is committed in trust , ( as was said ) and the hope of a more happy age hereafter yet to come . We are they who helpe either to make or marre all ; for that all the flower of our Nation , and those who become the leaders of all the rest , are committed to our education , and instruction : that if we bring them vp aright , there is great hope , that they shall prooue goodly lights , and marks to all the rest of the Land , especially , to the townes and countries where they are ; and cleane contrarily , most wofull ensamples ( as are euery where to be seene ) if they be spoiled through vs , or for lacke of our better care . So that we must needs do the greatest good or the greatest euill . As we are before them , so we may expect , that they shall prooue for the most part after vs. We are therefore the men , vpon whom the flourishing of this our Canaan , doth very much depend . We cannot then but know , that as our worke aud charge are so weighty , and in course of education next vnto the worke and charge of the holy Ministery , which we also are to helpe to furnish : so our account must be according to that which our God hath trusted vs withall , and our reward answerable ; dreadfull , if we haue bene negligent ; glorious , if we haue bene faithfull . We cannot be ignorant , how our enemies the Iesuits , not onely in their Semina●ies , but also in their lesser schooles , do bend their wits , to go beyond vs in this verie kind . Giue me leaue to put you in mind of that which was written vnto me , from an ancient acquaintance in the Vniuersitie , now sundrie yeares ago , and which I do gladly acknowledge , to the praise of God , that it hath from the first relation put more life vnto me in this businesse . The summe of it was this . The Iesuites , the Popish schoolemaisters beyond the seas , do combine themselues together , and all , or at least manie schooles do reade the same bookes at one time , and the same places , and do change euery quarter , and set vpon the schoole dores , the Authors , place , lectures , exercises , euerie quarter , newly printed , and for this they haue great suite made vnto them by the Printers . This haue I lately learned of certaine whom I vsed beyond the seas to this end . Thus farre my louing friend . Whether this report was true in each particular , I cannot certainly affirme , yet for the generall , we all who vnderstand anie thing , do know that it is most certaine . Now who are these who thus combine ? are they not the principall plotters of the ruine of all the Churches of Christ , and of Common-wealths , as they are cried out of , euen in the Popish countries themselues ; the arch enemies of Christ and his Gospell , and the chiefe vpholders of the throne of the Beast , to make him king of kings , and Lord of Lords . And what is their purpose in seeking out the most excellent courses of getting most speedily all good learning as they would pretend ? Surely their purpose is nothing else , as all the world may plainely see , but by that their learning to ou●-countenance the heauēly learning , the sacred truth of that euerlasting Gospell , and all the learned , who professe Christ Iesus throughout the earth : to gaine all the flowre of the Nobility , and Gentrie , yea of all the youth in all places where they come , to bewitch all with an opinion of their learning , the more easily when their time serues to cut the throats of all , who truly and sincerely professe Christs Gospell , and to possesse their places . Yea if it were in their power , or possible , to destroy all the Churches of Christ , to extinguish vtterly all true learning , to bring in againe all their old learning , as ( they call it ) their palpable delusions , and abhominable Idolatry . We all saw , how nea●e we were to be consumed by their fornace . We with our royall King , our Prince , our Nobles , and Rulers , the Church of Christ , with the glory thereof . Now our God hauing so miraculously plucked vs out , and we all being in a speciall manner ( next vnto our Gracious Soueraigne , and his royall Progeny , together with these our Nobles and Rulers , the holy ministery and noted professors ) designed in their hearts , as flesh for their caldron ; let vs shew our selues thankfull , euery one in our places and callings : and in token of our thankfulnesse , to our most mercifull and blessed God ( whose name is for this aboue all other outward deliuerances , to be extolled for euermore ; ) first for our liues , and then for our Religion the life of our liues ; let vs all be prouoked to bend our studies , and euen to spend and end our liues , for our Christ , and for our dread Soueraigne , vnder him . By whose hand ●e so ( euen miraculously ) deliuered vs , the second time , like as formerly he had in a most wonderfull manner , at his first comming to the Regall Crowne , and his entring in amongst vs ; whereby all their long hopes , and bloudie designes against vs were dashed in a moment , and that heauenly light continued to vs , and to our posteritie ( I trust till Christ shall come ) which they certainly accounted at both those times , to haue put out for euer . Let vs now contrariwise stirre vp our selues , more then euer heretofore , that the light of all good knowledge may breake forth , and be as the morning brightnesse before the Sunne rising , to prepare the way to that glorious appearing , and kingdome , when we with all the children of the light shall shine eternally in the heauens : and when all those who haue sought deuices to bring in againe darknesse vpon all , or but to hinder the glorious light of truth , shall without their vnfained repentance liue perpetually in their place of vtter darknesse . Oh that these enemies could thinke of this , and be warned in time , to turne their thoughts another way , euen for the King of Kings , that they might haue boldnesse at his appearing . But to leaue them , praying for them , that so many of them as belong to Gods eternall election , may haue their eyes open to see their miserie , and be conuerted and saued ; and to returne to our selues . There is no cause at all for vs , why we should feare or doubt of a glorious triumph and crowne hereby ; if that we will but cheerfully ioyne hearts and hands ; prouoked by the combinations of these our bloud-thirtie aduersaries , and all sticke close vnto our Lord and Sauiour , our Captaine and teacher . With them is but an arme of flesh , the spirit of man , of Sathan , and Antichrist : but with vs our Christ , commanding and assuring vs. He who is King of Kings and Lord of Lo●ds . With vs is he who must reigne , vntill he haue vtterly ouerthrowne , and abolished that man of sinne , ( though now exalting himselfe aboue all that is called God , or worshipped ) and all those his souldiers with him . He will be with vs , and guide vs , he will direct and blesse vs. He can make the meanest of his to do more seruice for the vphoding and furthering of his owne kingdome , which must come with power and glory , and endure for euer ; then all their combinations shall do to the contrary . And much more when we shall louingly and faithfully , as of one heart and soule , vnite all our forces , and labours in one , to this so happy and blessed a worke , wherein we are sure to preuaile , if we will but go on manfully , and stand fast to our Captaine , and great Commander . The victorie is his , he hath gotten it already ; he rideth on the white horse , conquering till he haue accomplished all his worke . If we of the weaker so it can for the presen● , but attaine neare vnto those things mentioned in the Contents of the Grammar Schoole , viz. what may be done for sp●edy & certaine attaining to learning in schooles , which are also hereunto adioyned ; our labour shal be most pleasing to our God , profitable to all , sweete and comfortable to our owne hearts . Euen we shall helpe to restore learning againe to her ancient reputation and honour , and ●●ee our selues from all reproch , being able to liue with credit in our places . And that we may come vnto them all , make ye no doubt . My selfe and many others , haue seene so much experience , in as weake meanes , as most of vs haue , as whereby to assure vs , that by our constant labour and diligence , but in the courses set downe in the Grammar-schoole , we shall through the helpe of our good God finde them in such sort , 〈…〉 Let vs therefore double our diligence , and 〈…〉 we have made triall , in these , or in better , item God haue or shall vouchsa●e them vnto vs. You see how much through his mercifull goodnesse I haue 〈◊〉 herein ( though the vnablest of very 〈◊〉 ) and how farre the worke is proceeded in ; to the end hereby to prouoke and encourage you . You who haue not better , proue these , which God hereby offereth vnto you ; or at least so many of them , as you shall most like of , and as your leisure and opportunitie well serue ; yet not ouerloading your selues or your children . That we may approue , what is best , reforme what is amisse , and draw euery thing still more shortly , euer receiuing better , as his goodnesse shall affoord them . And so in time by our ioynt consent , we may confirme all the surest , both vnto our selues , and to all other whosoeuer shall succeed . You that haue more excellent in any kinde , communicate them with vs , as we haue presumed herein , in duty to tender thus much vnto you . But let none of vs be discouraged though we do not find our desires at the first ; set to it cheerfully , and in due time our eyes shall behold it . Thus also our brethren , who are of the most excellent gifts , I meane the Maisters of all the principall schooles of our nation , and all other sound hearted fauourers of good learning , seeing our louing contention , shal be enforced to ioyne hearts , and hands , and to affoord vs likewise their vttermost helpe and countenance ; which , in the name of our Lord Iesus Christ , and by our appearing before him , as they tender his glory , the good of our Church & their natiue countrey , I againe humbly intreat at their hands : especially their directions for the best performance of these chiefest and most necessarie excercises mentioned , and whatsoeuer else they find vs too short in , for the full adorning of the Grammar Schoole . By this means , shall the worke of God prosper in our hands , going forward happily , that we shall vndoubtedly find the desires of our s●●les , and wherein the excellency of the speedy attaining to all good learning doth consist , to the endlesse glory of our most holy and onely wise God , the lasting honour of our Nation , & of the Church of Christ , the safe preseruation of our liues and religion , with the happinesse of posteritie , euen to match & go beyond our aduersaries . Thus finally all true learning shall be had in lasting honour , and all vnfained fauourers and furtherers of the same , shall triumph eternally . Which that it may , let me onely adjoyne that worthy incouragement , wherewith Christophorus Hegendorphinus incited one of his scholars , now many yeares ago . Tu verò in liter as & Graecas & Latinas , vt soles gnauiter incumbe . Nec te deterreat , quod in hoc seculo , tam literae quam literati contemptui sint ; redibit , crede mihi , redibit suus honor , & literis & literatis : nam omnium rerum vicissitudo est . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , inquit Sophocles . But applie you your selfe cheerfully vnto Greeke and Latin studies , as you are wont . Neither let this terrifie you , that in this age , as well learning as learned men are in such contempt . There will returne ( beleeue me ) there will returne , their due honour , both to learning and to learned men : for there is an intercourse of all things . For vnto them that shall liue in the last age , pleasant things shall be made bitter , and yet pleasant and beloued afterwards againe , as saith Sophocles that ancient Greeke Poet. Thus farre Hegendorphinus , as foretelling ( truly I trust ) the glorie of this last succeeding age , whereto let all heartie friends of good learning euer say , Amen . CONTENTS IN GENERALL OF SVCH THINGS AS may ( by Gods blessing ) be easily effected in our ordinarie Grammar schooles ▪ 1. TO teach schol●rs how to be able to reade well , and write true or orthographie in a short time . 2. To make them ready , in all points of their Accidence and Grammar , to answer anie necessarie question therein . 3. To 〈◊〉 without booke all the vsuall and necessarie Rules , to 〈◊〉 their Grammar rules ; to giue the meaning , vse , and order of the rules , to shew the examples , and to apply them : which being well performed , will make all other learning easie and pleasant . 4. In the seuerall 〈…〉 and Authors to construe truly , and in proprietie of wor●s and sense , and also in pure phrase ; to parse of themselues , and to giue a right reason of euerie word , why it must be so and not otherwise ; and to deliuer the English of the Lectures perfectly out of the Latine . 5. Out of an English Grammaticall translation of their Authors , to make and to construe anie part of the Latine which they haue learned , or do presently learne ; to proue that it must be so , and so to reade the Latine out of the English , first in the plaine Grammaticall order ; after as the wo●ds are placed in the Author , or in other good composition . Also to p●rse in Latine , looking onely vpon the translation ; and to all their Poets which they so learne : to do all this without booke , which is farre the surest , viz. to repeate , construe , and parse with their booke vnder their arme . 6. To take their Lectures of themselues , except in the verie lowest Formes , and first entrers into construction ; or to do it with verie little helpe , in some more difficult things . 7. To enter surely in making Latine , without danger of making false Latine , or vsing anie barbarous phrase . 8. To 〈◊〉 true Latine , and pure Tullies phrase , and to proue it to be true and pure . 9. To 〈…〉 , imitating Tully and the best A●thors in that kind , 〈◊〉 and pithie , in pure Latine , and familiar . 10. To translate into English , according to proprietie both of words and sense ▪ and out of the English to reade the Latine againe , to proue it , and giue a reason of euerie thing . 11. To take a peece of Tully , or of anie other familiar easie Authour , Grammatically translated , and in proprietie of words , and to turne or reade the same , out of the Translation into good Latine , and verie neere vnto the words of the Author ; so as in most , you shall hardly discerne , whether it be the Authors Latine or the Scholars . 12. To correct their faults of themsel●es , when they are but noted out vnto them , or a question is asked of them . 13. To be able in each Forme ( at anie time whensoeuer they shall be apposed of a sodaine , in any part of their Authors , which they haue lately learned ) to construe , parse , reade into English , and in those Authors , whereof they haue translations ; forth of the translation , to construe and to reade into the Latine of their Author . First into the naturall order , then into the order of the Author , or neare vnto it , and in their Poëts to do all this without booke , as was sayd before , and so to giue an account , at each quarters ●nd , what they haue learned in that quarter ; so from quarter to quarter to do the like . 14. In Virgil , Horace , and other the chiefe and most approued Schoole Authors in Poëtrie and Prose , to resolue any peece , for all these points of learning , and to do it in good Latine : In Construing , to giue propriety of words and sense , and also to expound in good phrase . Scanning the Verses , and giuing a reason thereof . Shewing the difficulties of Grammar . Obseruing the Elegances of Rhetoricke in Tropes and Figures . Noting Phrases and Epithets , with other principall obseruations . 15. So to reade ouer so much of the chiefe Latine Poëts , as Virgil , Horace , &c. and of other the best Authors , as shall be thought necessary , by that time , that by reason of their yeares they be in any measure thought fit , for their discretion , to go vnto the Vniuersity ; and to be able to go thorough the rest of themselues , by ordinary helpes . 16. In Greeke to take their Lectures of themselues , to construe perfectly , and parse as in the Latine ; to reade the Greeke backe againe , out of a translation , Latine , or English ; also to construe , parse , and to prooue it out of the same . 17. In the Hebrew to be able to construe perfectly , and to resolue so farre as is necessary for the Grammar-schoole ; and to reade the Hebrew also out of the translation ; which practise of daily reading somewhat out of the translations into the Originals , must needs make them , both very cunning in the Tongues , and also perfect in the Texts of the Originals themselues , if it be obserued constantly ; like as it is in the daily reading Latine out of the translation . 18. To answer most of the difficulties in all classicall Schoole-Authors ; as in Terence , Virgil , Horace , Persius , Iuvenal . 19. To oppose scholar-like in Latine of any Grammar question necessary , in a good forme of words ; both what may be objected against Lillies rules , and how to defend them . 20. To write Theames full of good matter , in pure Latin and with iudgement , and how to inuent matter of themselues . 21. To enter to make a verse with delight , without any bodging at all ; and to furnish with copie of Poëticall phrase , out of the best Poëts . 22. So to imitate and expresse Ouid or Virgil , as you shall hardly discerne , vnlesse you know the places , whether the verses be the Authors or the Scholars : and to write verses ex tempore of any ordinarie theame . 23. To translate forth of English or Latin into Greeke . Also to write theames or verses in Greeke . 24. To pronounce naturally and sweetly , without vaine affectation ; and to begin to do it from the lowest fourmes . 25. To make right vse of the matter of their Authors , besides the Latin , euen from the first beginners : as of Sententiae , and Confabulatiunculae Pueriles , Cato , Aesops fables , Tullies ●pistles , Ouids Metamorphosis , and so on to the highest . To helpe to furnish them with varietie of the best morall matter , and with vnderstanding , wisdome , and precepts of vertue , as they grow ; and withall , to imprint the Latin so in their minds therby , as hardly to be forgottē . 26. To answer concerning the matter contained in their Lectures , in the Latin of their Authors , from the lowest fourmes and so vpward . 27. To construe anie ordinarie Author ex tempore . 28. To come to that facilitie and ripenesse , as not onely to translate leisurely and with some meditation , both into English and Latin , as before in the sections 10. and 11. but more also , to reade anie easie Author forth of Latin into English , and out of English to reade it into Latin againe , as Corderius , Terence , Tullies Offices , &c. To do this in Authors and places which they are not acquainted with , and almost as fast as they are able , to reade the Author alone . 29. To write fa●re , in Secretarie , 〈◊〉 , Gre●ke , Hebrue ; 〈…〉 . 30. To ●aue all the principall 〈…〉 Latin , Greek and Hebrue , with the etymologies both Latin and Greek : 〈…〉 worthie helpes and meanes to be had in the Vniuersities . 31. To be acquainted with the grounds of Religion , and to haue the summe , and all the chiefe Histories of the Bible . To take all the substance of the Sermons , if they be plainly and orderly deliuered : and to set them downe afterwards in a good Latin style , or to reade them extempore into Latin out of the English. To conceiue and answer the seuerall points of the Sermons , and how to make a briefe repetition of the whole Sermon without booke . 32. To be set in the high way to attaine to the puritie and perfection of the Latine tongue by their further labour aud practise in the Vniuersitie : hauing both the rules & grounds thereof , and also varietie of the best phrase meete and necessarie for them . 33 To grow in our owne English tongue , according to their ages , and growths in other learning : to vtter their 〈◊〉 in the same , both in propriety , and purity ; and so to be fitted for diuinity , law , or what other calling or faculty soeuer they shal be after employed in . 34 Finally , thus to proceed together with the tongs ; in the vnderstanding and knowledge of the learning , or matter contained in the same , to become alike expert , in all good learning , meete for their yeares and studies ; that so proceeding still , after they are gone from the Grammar Schooles , they may become most exquisite in all kinds of good learning , to which they shall be applied . These things may be effected in good sort , through Gods blessing , in the seuerall fourmes , as the scholars proceed , by so manie in each fourme as are apt and industrious , onely by the directions in the Grammar schoole constantly obserued . If the Maisters being of any competent sufficiencie will take meete paines : and the Scholars being set to schoole , so soone as they shall be meete , be kept to learning daily , without loitering , hauing bookes and other necessarie helpes and encouragements : and by their par●nts care caused to do their exercises at home , and be euer kept in meete awe , and submission to their Maisters . But out of these I will extract onely those which I take most necessarie and profitable for schooles ( not to trouble with ouer manie ) and set them downe briefly in the Grammar Schoole . That so all scholars of anie towardnesse and diligence , may be made good Grammarians and euerie way fit for the Vniuersitie by fifteene years of age , or at least by that time that they shall be meete by discretion and gouernment , which is commonly sixteene or seuenteene . And all this to be done with delight aud certaintie , both to Maisters and Scholars ; with strife and contention amongest the Scholars themselues , without that vsuall terrour and crueltie , which hath bene practised in manie plaees , and without so much as seueritie amongst good natures . How greatly all this must needs tend to the furtherance of the publike good , euerie one may iudge ; which it will d● still , so much the more as the Lord vouchsafeth a further supply , to the seuerall meanes and courses after set downe , by adjoining daily moe helpes and experiments , especially of the learned . Of whom my hope is stil , according to my earnest desire , that they will lend their helping hands , to the full perfecting of so profitable a worke . For the vndoubted certaintie hereof , and of each particular , first reade and consider of the meanes aright , then try according to the directions in their seuerall places in the Grammar Schoole , and so giue sentence . For mine owne selfe , I trust ( God assisting ) to be euer able to make such plaine demonstration of euerie thing , as to giue full satisfaction to any one indifferently affected , that by labour and diligence all may be in good sort accomplished , so farre as shall be requisite . Or wherein I shall be found too short , I am resolued ( God willing ) neuer to giue ouer , during life , vntill I shall therein likewise see the desire of my soule , vnto his glorie , and the generall good of all . ❧ Helps for attaining to those things mentioned in the Contents . THese helps God hath prouided for our Grammar-schooles , more then in former times , or at least more then are commonly knowne and vsed in them : whereof experience teacheth , that there may be excellent furtherance in a right vse of them , for all the seuerall parts of good learning in Schooles , for obtaining the same more speedily , easily , surely & profitably : and namely for thus running through all our ordinary classicall-schoole authors , and attaining to the best exercises and faculties in Schooles , as any one shall haue occasion to vse them . First , for the more speedy and right reading of English , and so leading the childe as by the hand to the Grammar schoole , as a preparatiue thereto . The English-schoolemaister , of that honest and painfull Maister Coote . There is also a little Briefe , of a sheet of paper named , A Plaine Method for speedy learning to reade , by Iohn Merest : of whose directions there might be very good vse , if his Rules and style were amended by some Scholar , and brought to perfection . Other directions and helps for teaching to reade , see in the Grammar-schoole , chap. 3. For further growth of young Scholars in our English tongue , to expresse their mindes in proprietie and puritie , for their proceeding therein , as they proceede in Latine : and also for them who would teach strangers our language , or learne it . See after . Secondly , for better learning the Accidence and first grounds of Grammar ( whereas children are vsually very long in getting their Accidence , and oft , when they haue done it , are little the better for it , especially for the vnderstanding and right vse of it ) to the end that the learner may get it sooner & more profitably : for a right vnderstanding and vse thereof , and for answering any necessary question belonging to it , and for better keeping all in memory , to be able thereby to proceed most speedily , pleasantly and certainely in their construction , is prouided the Booke called The posing of the Parts . as also M. Leeches questions of Accidence and Grammar . Other helps , especially for directing the Maisters , see in the Grammar-schoole , Chap. 6. Thirdly , for more speedy construing the Latin Grammar , to saue much labour therein , and for keeping the same with ease , which is otherwise very hard to the children , and ouer troublesome to the Maister , Lillies rules construed . Fourthly , for better conceiuing , vnderstanding , applying , and making vse of all our Grammar rules . The Grammar of this last Impression hauing the summes of the Rules in the margents more perfectly and fully then formerly , and in the Syntax , the words noted wherein the force of each ensample lieth . In the first Impression of them many things were mistaken and corrupted in the printing . Fiftly , For speedy and profitable learning of all our first and lowest Schoole-bookes and Authors , ( whereas children are commonly very long in learning some little peece of them , as of Sententiae pueriles , Coufabulatiunculae , Cato , &c. and so the rest ; and when they haue learned them through with much toyle to themselues and their Maisters , they are commonly little the better for them , for any good vse , and doe after presently forget them , for the most part ; ) to the end that they may soone runne thorow all of them , or so much as shal be thought good , and that for construing , parsing , vnderstanding , reading them forth of Latine into English , or forth of English into Latine ; for making the same Latine , and prouing it ; and finally , for leading the learner by the hand with delight , vntill hee be able to go of himselfe by ordinary helpes , with much lesse trouble to the Maister , are prouided Grammaticall translations of them , as namely ; first , of Sententiae pueriles : Confabulatiunculae pueriles : Corderius dialogues chiefly for the ready helpe of speaking Latin of ordinary matters in a very good and pure phrase . Catoes morall Disticks , with the Sentences adioyned , and also Isocrates ad Daemonicum , translated into latine by Rodolphus Agricola : part of Esops Fables : the first booke of Tullies Offices : part of Ouids Metamorphosis : Virgils Eclog●es , with that excellent booke De Aptbus , of the gouernement and ordering of Bees . All these are made so plaine , as that children , if they be any thing studious , and well trained vp in the first grounds of Grammar , by the former helpes , may with a little direction , euer prepare their lectures afore-hand at home ouer-night : such peeces ( I meane ) as they are to learne in lectures ; and that , as was said , fo● euerie good vse , without neede of other Commentaries in any of them , or so much helpe of the Maister as is vsuall . So that they will , by the helpe of them , fall to their priuate studies of themselues . And for things to be learned without booke , namely their Authors in verse so translated , they will be able thereby so to keep them , as by the meanes thereof , and their other helpes , from quarter to quarter , to say them without booke , construe , and to giue all the chiefe difficulties of them , with a very little priuate labour , thus to keep them better in memorie , and haue vse of them continually . Hereof I might giue you instances of experiments , according to which you might iudge of them ; but I passe them ouer , standing vpon so euident grounds of reason , as hath bene shewed before , and as I shall more fully manifest ( God willing ) in the Grammar-Schoole , chap. 8. where I shall set downe the vse of them , with th● benefit in a right practise . If you desire a praxis of all or most of the chiefe rules of the Syntax or construction shortly comprized , take Maister Leeches Dialogues , set downe in the end of his Grammar-questions : which Dialogues are so contriued of purpose for children to that end : and so likewise translated into English , as they may be gone through for each good vse so soone as any of the former . By that time that children haue gone through these bookes so translated , and haue by this practise attained vnto the knowledge and right vse of their Grammar rules , especially that golden rule of Construing : for construing , parsing , &c. they will be able , easily , with much lesse toyle of the Maister , to go through all other classicall-Schoole-Authors , by such helpes and meanes as God hath further prouided . For speedy running ouer the rest of the lower schoole bookes , which are not so translated grammatically : first , the other translations of them may be of very good vse thus farre foorth . As namely , first to giue the learners some light for the right vnderstanding & meaning of the Authors ( which vnderstanding of the matter is a maine foundation for the speedy attaining to any such learning , especially for getting the Languages , as I haue shewed elsewhere ) as also for resoluing the Authors , and affoording some good English phrase , with varietie thereof to expresse their minds . And withall , that by the right vse of such translations , they may the more easily learne the manner of our vsuall translating of Authors , or anie other worke , respecting onely the matter and intent of the Author , whereof our commonest vse is : and so for reading forth of Latin into our owne tongue , to expresse the sense onely , not directly , verbatim , or grammatically , but obseruing perfect sense , good phrase , and purity of our tongue , and so back againe out of the English into a good Latine style in like manner . For the right learning of these Authors doth not so much consist in the construing and parsing of them , as in getting by them the matter , phrase and style of the Author , and to these ends and purposes amongst others , as I take it , they haue bene translated , and are many of them vnknowne to most . The Translations are these . 1. For the rest of Tullies Offices , which are not translated grammatically ; as namely the two latter bookes , Maister Grimmald his translation , which yet would be much more profitable to this end , to them who would make vse of it , if the English were separated from the Latine , set in a booke by it selfe , as the Grammaticall and other translations vsually are . 2. For Tullie De Amicitia , Senectute , &c. Thomas Newtous translation . 3. For the rest of Ouids Metamorphosis , Arthur Goldings translation in very good English meeter . 4. For Ouid de Tristibus , the translation hereof in English meeter . 5. Ouids Epistles , the like . 6. For the rest of Virgils Georgickes , not translated grammatically , Maister Abraham Flemmings translation in English meeter , comming next to the Grammaticall translations . 7. For Virgils Aeneidos , Maister Phaer in English meeter . 8. For Terence , if you thinke good , and especially to furnish with English phrase to answer the Latine , and by reading out of the English into Latin , to helpe more speedily to obtaine the Latin phrase and style , Maister Barnards translation . Prouided alwayes , that this be with great caution , for auoyding all danger of corrupting their manners by lasciuiousnesse or otherwise ; considering the pronenesse of our nature , like to tinder or gunpowder , if neuer so little a sparke fall into the same . The like caution is to be had for other , as Horace , Iuvenal , Persius , Martial , &c. For higher Authors . For the more profitable , easie , and speedy reading ouer Caesars Commentaries ( concerning the Roman warre a●chiued chiefly by Caesar ) to the end not onely to giue light : first , for the true vnderstanding of the Author , but also to expresse the same in the best and fittest words in a pure English phrase ; and likewise for notable obseruations for warre , gathered all along out of it , which is one principall vse of the booke . The translation of it by Sir Clement Edmunds , Clarke of the Councell . This booke , as it is wel knowne to be the purest style , and an excellent history for matter of warre and martiall affaires , and therefore most necessary for our dayes , for the better helping to preserue the Church of God and our natiue countrey ; so it is difficult for children , in regard of the subiect , viz. matter of warre , which they are not acquainted with . Yet by the Translation rightly vsed , it is made so plaine & easie , that children of twelue or thirteene yeares of age , rightly trained vp , may be able to go through it for all the vses mentioned in short space , and much more others of riper iudgement . So that it were great pitty , in regard of the benefit that may come by it to all sorts , that so worthy a worke should lie hid as it were , being vnknowne to the greatest part . The like we may say for these following . For Lucans Pharsalia of the like argument in verse , viz. of the warre betweene Caesar and Pompey , Sir Arthur Gorge in English meeter . For Liuy his Roman history , D. Hollands translation . For that excellent part of the Roman history by Cornelius Tacitus his foure Bookes , translated by that worthy fauourer and rare promoter of all good learning , Sir Henry Sauill . For Florus his Roman history , from the foundation of Rome to Tratanus , the translation of it , dedicated to the Lord Marquesse of Buckingham . For Seneca , that admirable Moralist and sweete Latinist , the translation of it by Maister Lodge . Commentaries . Besides these Translations for the ordinary schoole-authors , there are also Commentaries for them who desire their helpe ; as , for all Ouid , not onely that large Commentary of sundry together , but more particularly , For Ouids Metamorphosis , Sabins Morals briefly . Also Raphael Regius , a large Commentary . For Virgil , besides the large Commentary of Seruius and Donate , with the Annotations of sundry other , set out by Frabricius : see , The Analysis of Ramus on the Eclogues and Georgicks for the Logicke and Rhetoricke thereof . A very sweete paraphrase of Friskiline on the Eclogues and Georgickes . Meins Annotations on Virgil. So for the vse of the Maisters , and all of riper yeares and vnderstanding : Taubman on Virgil , a very profitable worke . Moreouer , for the speedy and more profitable reading of all the rest of the chiefe ancient Poets , are prouided short and pithy Commentaries , or Annotations , containing the substance and whatsoeuer is of worth in all the ancient and large Commentaries , and the same made so plaine , as that very children , rightly trained vp , may be able , by them , to reade their Lectures of themselues , or with very little helpe : whereas formerly they were ouer crabbed and obscure for the Maisters in many places to vnderstand ; as namely , Maister Bonds Commentarie on Horace and Persius . Maister Farnabee on Iuvenal , Persius , Lucan , Senecaes tragedies . Martiall . Also , for the more cleare and full vnderstanding of these and of all the Romane historie and Antiquities ; Romanae historiae Anthologia , viz. a short and very plaine Exposition in English , of the Romane Antiquities , by Maister Goodwine of Oxford , for the vse of Abingdons Schoole . Theames . For helpes for Theames both for matter and maner , besides the vnderstanding of Aphthonius common Places , and the chiefe heads of Inuention by Ramus and others , see Maister Vicars his 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , or Manuductio , leading the scholar ( as by the hand ) to the vse of Rhetoricke ; especially for making Theames , Declamations , or Orations . For matter , viz. for short , witty , and easie Sentences for the yonger sort , Maister Drax his Bibliotheca scholastica . Flores Senecae . Epitome sentent . Stobaei . For store of the best examples for Theams both Roman and forren of most morall matters , in stead of new , they may vse Valerius Maximus . This is made plain for the better help of the teachers where need is , by two ancient Commentaries together , the one of them by Oliuerus Arzignanensis , the other by Badius Ascensius , expounding euery thing clearely , and almost grammatically , besides the Annotations of others . For further help of Theames , both Latin and Greek , Stobaeus sentences , or his Anthologia of the largest : a most excellent worke , gathered & digested by him Common place-wise , in Greeke , out of all the famous Greeke Authors , translated into Latin by Gesnere that learned Phisitian , hauing the Latin set ouer-against the Greek , and may be singular for acquainting the higher and better sort of scholars , with the best morall matter of sundry kindes . For phrases in generall , Maister Drax his Cilliepeia . For Epithets , Ciceroniana Epitheta . For some select Phrases to this purpose , and the like , Maister Farnabees phrases . Epistles and Letters . For patterns of short Epistles and pithy letters of all sorts of matter ; see the Laconicall Epistles , to wit , the shortest and pithiest gathered out of Tullie , Manutius , Politian , Erasmus , and many others , comprized by Buchlerus in a little volume of purpose to this end . For examples , seruing and directing for imitation of sundry kindes of Epistles , both Consolatory , Gratulatory , and also Hortatory , with all the rest of the kinds of Examples : see Flores & Sententiae scribendique formulae illustres . For pure phrases more peculiarly belonging to Epistles , see Manutius phrases . Orations . For Orations : The Orations of sundry , and those of diuers kindes of Morall matters , and vpon sundry occasions , gathered and set forth by Melchior Iunius . Examining of Phrases in Prose . For helpe in examining of phrases , and so for obseruing propriety and purity therein . 1. Godscalcus his obseruations of the Latin tongue digested alphabetically . 2. Schorus phrases , shewing also the manner how to obserue phrases in the reading of Authors . 3. Erasmus his Epitome of Vallaes elegancies , of the last Edition . 4. Popma de Differentijs verborum . For flourishing and amplifying in Prose , see Ciceroniana Epitheta , Antitheta & Adiuncta . Poetrie . Besides Textoris Epitheta , See Buchleri Thesaurus poëticus , a booke of notable vse for each scholar : for helpes of Epithets and Poeticall phrases : and also for his direction of the right manner of making a pure verse , with other things belonging thereto . For quantities of Syllables , Smetius his Prosodia . Dictionaries . For both English and Latine , especially for finding out the fittest Latin words to the English , and most naturall ; and according to propriety first , together with the Etymologies or notations of the Latine words , Riders dictionarie of the last . For giuing the Greeke to the Latine , and for supply of sundry of the best Latin phrases expounded , and the vse shewed , Thomas Dictionarie of the last . For a short comprising of most Latine Primitiues in Sentences ( except those which belong to the seuerall Arts and Trades &c. ) and so to furnish with most words of all sorts , for reading of any ordinary author belonging to the grammar schoole , or otherwise , Ianua linguarum , a booke in twelue hundred sentences containing the most of the ordinary words , to be euen as a Dictionarie in the childrens heads , translated into English , to the end it may be more easily and speedily gotten . Analysis or resoluing of Authors . For a plaine and easie resolution of the matter of Authors meete for young scholars , see the grammaticall translation of the first booke of Tullies Offices . Also of the first booke of Ouids Metamorphosis . And withall , the like translation of the first and last Eclogue of Vìrgil , and of his fourth booke of the Georgickes De Apibus , some of these in the inmost colums , others in the outmost . For a more learned Analysis in Latine , both Logicall and Rhetoricall , see Ramus Commentaries on the Eclogues and Georgickes , and also vpon all the Orations of Tully , on which he hath commented . Also Piscators Analysis of Tullies Offices . For a short and methodicall Analysis of the seuerall bookes of the Scripture , and of each chapter therein , see Gemma Fabri . Disputing scholar-like of Grammar Questions , and to prepare for more learned Disputations in the Vniuersities . 1. In English , by way of Questions and Answers to make children perfect in the Accidence and Grammar ; The Posing of the Parts . 2. In Latine , for the better scholars in a more large and scholar-like dispute , Maister Stockwoods disputations of Grammar . 3. For the like dispute in Tullies Offices by Questions and Answers , the better to vnderstand the rare and almost diuine matter , for direction of manners , in that booke , Maister Brasbridge his Questions of Tullies Offices . Proper words for seuerall Arts and Sciences . To be able to get and remember words appertaining to Arts , Trades , Sciences , histories of diuers kinds , and the like , as any one desireth them ; first Maister Stanbridge his Vocabula in verse . These verses are some of them amended already ; the rest so purposed . After him , where he ends , others may be adioyned , in the end of Hunters Cosmographie , in verse likewise . For words belonging to Astronomy and Cosmography : and also the ancient proper names of places , as Countries , Cities , and Riuers , &c. Hunters Cosmographie in verse . If the names of the places , riuers , &c. as they are termed at this day , were set directly ouer the heads of each of the ancient names there , after the manner of Stanbridges Vocabula , it might be of most excellent vse , and soone gotten , or set on the opposite page directly against them . All other words of like nature , belonging to the seuerall histories , or whatsoeuer else , might be thus comprised in verse , after the manner of Stanbridge or Hunter , or otherwise , they might be set downe in a short narration , in forme of a Dialogue grammatically translated , after the manner of Corderius Dialogues , wherein he sets out , to the like purpose , a very sumptuous banquet in an historicall narration , in the 22. Dialogue of his fourth booke . Such a booke might easily be compiled by a iudicious scholar , of a pregnant wit , hauing meete leisure , by the helpe of Hadrianus Iunius his Nomenclator ; and the speciall Dictionaries for seuerall vses , and so any such words be very readily gotten , by studying and reading them oft forth of English into Latin : as experience teacheth in the like . But all these would be gotten much sooner , if being thus verbally translated into English , the English were set by it selfe , so to study it out of them , like as the Grammar translations are . Greeke . Whereas there is nothing in any tongue for the perfect obtaining of it , but Grammar , words , and practise of them in a right composing and setting them together : I meane , first , the knowledge of the Grammar rules , belonging to that tongue ; words to expresse the minde , and practise of both in reading Authors , and in writing ; for most easie and speedy attaining to the Greek tongue , which hath bene wont to be so difficult and tedious : God hath prouided these readie helpes . 1. For the Grammar , Maister Camdens is of all other most easie and profitable ( as I take it ) like as for Westminster , so for all our schooles ; for that it followes the order of our Latine Grammar most directly , chiefly in the Syntax , wherein many of the rules are the very same , or neare vnto them . The Anomalies in the Verbs being set alphabetically , so as they may be found very readily ; and the Dialects set directly after the order of the Declensions and Coniugations , that by it alone well studied , most difficulties may be easily vnderstood and answered . For all other difficulties , and wherein it seemes to faile ; see Cleonards Greeke Grammar , with Antesignanus , set foorth by Sylburgius , wherein by the help of the large Index , you may be resolued of most doubts . Hereunto adioyne , if need be to enquire further , the Anomalies , Dialects and other difficulties set downe alphabetically in the end of Scapulaes Dictionary . Secondly , for attaining very speedily to all the Greek Primitiues or Radices ; which being had , all the rest are easily and plainely learned , as deriued from them , God hath prouided , 1. The Clauis linguae Graecae , by Lubine . In which litle briefe , all , or most of the Greeke Radices are included in some seuen hundred little sentences , in imitation of Ianua linguarum , with a double Index adioyned , viz. both Latine before the Greeke , and Greeke before the Latine ; whereby they may be soone gotten , and easily kept , or recouered being forgotten . 2. For the more full vnderstanding of the tongue , for propriety and right significations , Notations or Etymologies , Deriuations , and the like , see Fundamentum linguae Graecae ; a little Epytome gathered briefly of purpose , according to the order of Scapula . For the larger explication of the same , with phrases and vse of words ; see Scapula . For practise in reading some vsuall Authors . The fittest for yong scholars ( so faire as I can iudge ) after they haue runne through their Clauis , if you will begin with Poetry , that they may learne to make a verse in Greek , is Theognis his sentences with the other Poets ioyned with him ; as namely Phocilides , Pythagoras , &c. with the Latine translation and annotations thereof , set forth by Silburgius . Some whereof being learned without booke perfectly , is a speciall helpe that scholars may haue quantities , phrase , and apt morall matter for verse . 2. If you please to reade Hesiode his Opera & Dies , you may vse Ceporine and Melancthons Commentaries set foorth by Iohannes Frisius Tigurinus ; and the new translation of it by Erasmus Schemidt professor at Wittenberg . Or if you desire to reade Homer , which is most generally approued of all , as the most excellent Poet : besides the Latine Translations , especially that which expoundeth it most neerly and properly . For the better vnderstanding and expressing of it in English , Maister Chapmans translation in English meeter ; whom we may rightly call , the English Homer . To these you may adde , if you will , Eustathius , and the large Commentarie of Spondanus . For the best and fittest Authors in Prose to be read in Schooles , as namely Isocrates ad Daemonicum , are the translations of Wolphius : and also of Rodolphus Agricola : and like wise the translation of Antonius Scorus , with his annotations adioyned to his booke De ratione discendi ▪ linguae Graecae . 2. For Zenophon , the translation of his 3. first bookes de Cyri vita & disciplina . For more speedy reading the Greeke Testament , Pasors Dictionary gathered of purpose to that end . What is defectiue may be supplied by the Fundamentum , Piscator and others . VVriting in Greeke . For writing exercises in Greeke , or translating into Greeke : besides , the Clauis linguae Graecae for words , and also Thomas his Dictionarie , for phrase you may vse Garthius his Lexicon : and withall for prose Poselii Calligraphia : Elegantiae Graecae by Vollandus . In verse for Epithets and Authorities , Dinnerus his Greeke Epithets . For morall matter in Greeke , with excellent sentences and discourses out of all the ancient and best Greeke Authors , for the vse of Translations , Theames , Verses , Declamations or Orations . Stobaei sententiae , called Anthologia ; or Cornucopia of the largest . Speaking Greeke . For speaking of ordinarie matters in Greeke , Poselius his Dialogues . Hebrue . For a most speedy attaining to the Hebrue . 1. For the Grammar , though euery one may take for his owne vse what Grammar he hath learned , or is most familiarly acquainted with , and supply out of others what is wanting therein ; yet for him that is newly to beginne , or desires most easily to teach or direct others I take ( vnder better iudgement ) Martinius to be the best . My reasons are , 1. For that it is most methodicall , proceeding according to the right order of Nature and rules of Art. 2. For that it hath answering vnto it , Maister Vdals Hebrue Grammar in English , being in effect a meere translation of Martinius , onely leauing out some things which he thought lesse necessary , and making most things in Martinius very plaine , in stead of a Commentary , as the translations do the Authors . 3. For that the Martinius Grammar printed by Raphalengius and by Abrahamus VVeerlinus at Berne , haue a Praxis adioyned , for the parsing of three Psalmes , viz. the 1. 25. and 68 , like as Maister Vdals hath in English : which Praxis is so orderly for the right examining or analysing of euery word according to the order of nature and art , and according as all things are set downe in the Grammar in order of the Chapters , that they leade the learner directly , as by the hand , to the plaine parsing and resoluing of those three Psalmes ; and by them , auy other part of the Hebrue Bible . And lastly , for that Maister Vdals Grammar , ( which I commend as a short Commentarie to it ) hath also a briefe Epitome of the Hebrue Lexicon adioyned , for the more speedy finding out any word , and so attaining the tongue . Or in stead of Martinius , Maister Vdals Grammar it selfe , which I finde to be farre more easie for the learner , and much sooner gotten , for the vse of it , and also may be readily deliuered and vttered in Latine , at least by comparing with Martinius . For the best Lexicon or Dictionarie , Buxtorphius his Epitome for continuall vse : and also his Thesaurus for more exquisite knowledge : or , For giuing the Hebrue words to the Latine ; Lexicon Latino-Hebraicum , in the end of the Epitome of Pagnine by Raphalengius . For helpe for construing , and so reading priuately , and knowing the Radices . The Interlineal Bible , by Arias Montanus . For the Psalmes , Tossanus may affoord some helpe . English. Concerning our owne language , whereas some great learned , haue much and long complained , that in most Schooles there hath bene litle care , to teach Scholars to expresse their mindes readily in proprietie and puritie of speech , so to helpe to adorne our owne tongue ; whereof wee haue continuall practise , to the end that they may grow herein with the Latine and other learned tongues , God hath prouided these helpes . 1. The vse of the grammaticall translations ( hauing to that end , both proprietie and also varietie of words and phrase to expresse the minde ) may be a good entrance for the yonger sort . 2. After them , all the other translations , vsed onely in such sort , as hath bene and shall be further shewed in the Grammar schoole ; so to ascend to those who haue written most exquisitely in that kinde of Translation . 3. Dictionaries , where fit words are wanting , to make choise of those English words in them which best agree to the matter in hand . 4. Adioyne to these , for them who would grow to more exquisite perfection , the bookes of such as haue written the purest style in English in each faculty , which they purpose to exercise themselues in . For strangers , who vnderstand the Latine tongue , at least in some sort , and would learne our tongue themselues , or would teach it vnto others publiquely or priuately , besides the former helpes for reading English. 1. The English Grammar , called Grammatica Anglicana , a little Epitome written according to the rules of Art , by P. Gr. printed at Cambridge Anno 1594. 2. Logonomia Anglica , by Maister Gill Schoole-maister of Paules . 3. Translations , first grammaticall ; which leade the Scholar directly to learne our tongue ; after other translations , and so the best English Authors and Dictionaries as before . Rhetoricke . For Rhetoricke , so farre as shall be necessary for the Grammar-schoole . 1. For Tropes and Figures of Rhetoricke , and so for other figures of Grammar , Maister Farnabees Tropes and figures , so shortly comprized in verse , as that they may be most easily gotten in a very little time , and so likewise kept in memorie , to serue for euery good vse . 2. For a more full vnderstanding of that little booke , and of all other matters belonging to Rhetoricke , as for a methodicall handling , and short comprizing of the whole Art , by precepts , illustrations by examples , and the like . M. Butlers Rhetorick of Magd. colledge in Oxf. with a short commentary adioyned , now the 4. time printed . 3. For the vse of Rhetoricke , viz. for the practise thereef in Theames , Declamatious , Orations , &c. The 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , or Manuductio ad artem Rhetoricam , by Maister Vicars of Queenes Colledge in Oxford . Religion . Concerning Religion ; for laying surely the first grounds of our holy Religion in Schooles , according to our good lawes ; and for seasoning the first and tender yeares of our children therewith : ( wherein the Iesuites shall rise in iudgement against vs , being farre more vigilant and industrious to destroy , then we to saue ; to ouerthrow the Gospell , then wee to propagate and spreade it . ) 1. To the end that Scholars may speedily get and euer keepe in fresh memorie with ease and delight , the whole summe of the sacred story , viz. the holie Bible , ( being the sole foundation of our Religion , ) and so the summe of euery Chapter therein ; wherby they may become sound Christians , and in time ( through the Lords blessing ) admirable Diuines , God hath prouided a litle Booke called Bibliorum summula , which comprizeth the arguments or sums of euery Chapter of the whole Bible in Disticks , viz. each Chapter in two verses , beginning alphabetically , that they may be more happily committed to memorie , and recalled more easily when they are forgotten . This booke is most painefully and profitably composed in a familiar and easie verse , by Maister Shaw , according to the contents of the seuerall Chapters . Hereunto is adioyned in the end , for further helpe of memorie , the same contriued farre more briefly , viz. in a very few verses : as namely Genesis hauing fiftie Disticks in the Summula , according to the fifty Chapters , is comprized in ten verses , euery verse whereof comprehends fiue Chapters , & almost euery word notes a seuerall Chapter ; thus notably deuised by Math. Martinius . 2. For the first principles or iudiments in Religion , to be taught in Catechizing ; and for building soundly vpon the sacred Scriptures , according to the doctrine of our Church : besides our ordinary Catechismes by Law established , for a further vnfolding and demonstrating of the principles out of the expresse texts of the Word , Maister Perkins six Principles expounded , with many other , and chiefly such briefe ones , as by their oftest printing do testifie the greatest liking , and most generall approbation of the godly learned . VVriting . For faire writing in our owne , and all the chiefe learned tongues . Copie bookes , prepared of purpose for the Grammar-schooles , as in Secretarie for our English , so for the Latine , Greeke and Hebrew , together with directions for writing in the beginning of them , printed by Maister Thomas Man ; whereby all Scholars , well entred and practized from their beginning , euery day a little , may come to write commendably , and many of them verie faire euery of these hands , without hindering their learning , as is proued by experience . Memorie . For the helpe of Memorie , besides all directions for briefe summes of euery matter , as are set downe in their places in the Grammar●schoole and others ; and besides diuers good rules and precepts for memorie in a little booke called The Castle of Memorie , Chap. 6. Maister VVillies his booke of Memorie , called Mnemonica siue Reminiscendi , are gathered out of the best who haue written thereof : out of which the most profitable things may be selected and vsed by them who are judicious . Other Bookes and helps , some of them readie for the Presse , others in good forwardnesse to be soone prepared , if they shall be generally desired , and the desire signified to the Stationers , as necessarie or profitable for the ends for which they haue bene trauelled in , as namely ; 1 FOr furnishing with fit matter for Theams in Prose or Verse , Latine and Greeke , which so troubleth young scholars , and discourageth them , for that they know not where to finde such fit matter for them , and must needes be very difficult before a great deale of reading and practise ; there is an Index or booke of References , gathered out of their Schoole-authors and others , onely pointing at the places where to finde them . 2. For patterns for Theames , Tullies Paradoxes translated grammatically , with a short Analysis in the margent , whereby they may be learned more perfectly , and vnderstood more fully to that end . 3. For direction and patterns for writing pithy and short letters in English , which is amongst vs , both most commendable , and of principall and daily vse . The Laconicall Epistles , translated into a good English style , with the Grammar order and propriety in the margents . 4. For the more speedy and profitable learning the Ianua linguarum for euery good vse ; whereas now , the English , in many places keepeth onely the sense , but varieth both from the verball and Grammar order , and also from the propriety of the words in the Latin , wherby the learners are oft exceedingly puzled and carried amisse : there ●s prouided a grammaticall translation to be set in the margen●s in the English , to carry the learner aright , both for proprietie and Grammar . And also in the Index or Table , are set downe the declining of the Nownes and Verbs , with the Genders of the Nownes , to serue in 〈◊〉 of a Dictionarie for all of them : and withall , both the doubtfull quantities , and likewise the Etymologies or notations of the words briefly , being examined by comparing the best Authors in that kinde , and conference with other learned . So that the learner may soone runne through it , to get both English by the Latine , and Latine by the English , with certainty , and for the other vses mentioned . For furnishing with Terence ●phrase , with the best matter , Terentianus Christianus , translated grammatically . For the Greeke . 1. For getting speedily the Greeke Radices or Primitiues , the Clauis linguae Graece is made much more plaine , easie and profitable ; first , by the Latine set in the margent , according to the Greeke , answering word for word in such places where it now differs , and the whole Latine sentences to be placed in the page opposite to the Greeke , to leade the learner rightly by the hand to the knowledge of the Greeke , whereas now many of the Sentences in Latine do onely expresse the sense , and so set the learner at a stand , or carry him quite amisse . 2. By the principall Etymologies set in the margent of the Greeke Sentences , directed with letters to know them speedily . 3. By a grammaticall construction of the same in English , answering the Greeke so neare as may be , adioyned in the end of the Clauis , with proprietie and varietie of the sense in the margents . By the h●lpe whereof ( as experience will soone shew ) all the Sentences may be gotten in a very little time , both for Latine and Greeke , by studying them out of the English , onely helped by looking vpon the Greeke and Latin , as need requireth ; to be able thereby to giue the Greeke and Latine words to the English , and contrarily , so to serue for any good vse thereof : and euer easily by this means to keepe all perfectly , without any trouble or charge of memorie , through the help of the perfect vnderstanding of it by this translation . Also for the easier entrance of the young Scholar to runne cheerefully and speedily through the best Greeke Authors in prose , as well as in verse , is prepared Isocrates ad Daemonicum , translated both in Latine grammatically ; and also with another translation in a more pure Latine style . So likewise the first booke of Zenophons Cyropaideia in like manner . Which three bookes being well gone through , scholars will easily and speedily run through all other Greek Authors , by the ordinarie helpes of translations , and the like meanes which God hath so bountifully prouided for this last Age , especially if they haue said a good foundation in the Grammar first . Hebrue . For laying speedily a sure foundation ; first , for the right knowledge of all the Hebrue Primitiues in their first and proper signification ; secondly , by what Tropes their significations are changed into other senses : and so thirdly , by what reasons or notations all their deriuatiues and issue come thereof : and finally , for getting speedily all the Hebrue Primitiues without booke ; and with the getting of them , to learne also so much of the Hebrue Bible in most profitable matters and sentences , there hath bene long thought of , and is now in preparing . First , a briefe Hebrue Lexicon , after the manner of the Fundamentum linguae Graecae . And secondly , another little booke after the manner of Clauis linguae Graecae , wherein all , or most of the Hebrue Primitiues are to be comprized , in certaine choise sentences of the sacred Scriptures , of sundry kindes of matt●r . This may be called fi●ly Ianua linguae Hebraicae ; the other , the Clauis vnto it . As these two may be of notable vse , to make speedily perfect Hebricians , and likewise to helpe to prepare the way to the calling of the Iewes thereby , so they require the cunningest workemen for the more curious framing and finishing of them : whom God hath also prouided , if some noble minded fauourers of good learning , and of the Church of Christ , will but a little lay to their helping hands , for defraying the charges of their maintenance , till they shall be able to go through the worke , to bring them to perfection , for the full accomplishment of all the good therein desired . For all these bookes and helpes more particularly , and for the right vse of euery of them , and how to auoid all the abuses and other in conueniences ; and so for attaining all those parts or learning mentioned in the Contents , see the Booke called 〈…〉 , or the Grammar-schoole in this second Edition : where , in a familiar Dialogue betweene two Schoole-maisters all these things are full discussed and set foorth , and yet the booke in many things abridged , and made lesse then before . For matter of charges to prouide so many helpes , the gaining of one yeares learning will plentifully recompence , if we vse onely the necessarie : and all the other benefits be a sufficient ouerplus . For all other obiections , I referre you likewise to the Grammar-schoole , where ( I hope ) you shall see your selfe well satisfied in all . And what is still wanting , I trust the same good hand of our God will , in his due time , f●●ly supply . FINIS . ❧ The Examiners Censure : March. 16. 1620. WHere as this Author , still desirous to communicate all the new comforts , which God hath vouchs●fed him in his long and painefull trauels , for the generall good , and specially for our Grammar-schooles ; and fearing lest in anie matter he should deceiue himselfe or others , hath intreated vs to make some further triall of the things which he hath written h●rein , for the better confirmation of himselfe and of all others ; we could not denie his so honest a request . Therefore 〈…〉 Labours in this kinde , by 〈…〉 of Worcester , at the first 〈◊〉 of his Gramm●r-schoole , as appeares in the 〈…〉 Preface before it , and by other 〈◊〉 since ; yet now that it is to come foorth 〈…〉 , much more compleate and perfect after so much long trauell and experience ) we haue her●upon made new and further triall accordingly . In which we haue found so much content in euery forme , from the lowest to the highest , for the time which we then had , as perswaded vs of the trueth of whatsoeuer he hath written concerning the same ; and giues vs withall much assurance of a very great blessing to be hoped for , both to Church and Common-wealth in all places for which he hath trauelled , by these his happie Labours rightly put in practise : which all well-willers to Religion and Learning are to wish to their Countrey , and by all meanes to promote , for the good of the present and of all succeeding ages . IAMES VSSHER Doctour and Professor of Diuinitie in the Vniuersitie of Dublin . DANIEL FEATLY Doctour of Diuinity , and Chaplin in house to his Grace of Canterburie . Notes, typically marginal, from the original text Notes for div A16864-e180 2. Thes. 1. 8 , 9 Luke 16. 24. ● 〈…〉 1 Pet. 4. 18 Notes for div A16864-e560 Occasion of this worke . The vsuall complaints against non-proficiencie in schooles . Where good is done , how hardly it is effected commonly . A chief cause hereof , want of knowledge of a right course of teaching . The authors desire to help all this . And to procure a perpetuall benefite to all posteritie . Of the rare benefits of learning no good man euer doubted The licenciousnesse of some learned or abusers of learning , ought not to cause vs to thinke the worse therof . Iob. 3. 19. 2. Thes. 2. 10. Learning is the glorie of man , in the verie naturall mans account Prou. 4. 7. The first and principall meanes of good learning , the schooles of learning . In what schooles the best learning & nurture are to be found . A wonderfull differēce betweene those scholes wherin the best orders are obserued , & the rest . 1. The matter of learning easie in such schooles . 2. The maner of proceeding in a singular order without confusion . The painefull schoolmaster may there expect a rich blessing . The fruite hereof able to encourage each Maister to take the vttermost paines to follow the best manner . Hence wil ensue a maruellous chāge in schooles . The bringing learning into esteeme , and to make it to be desired , & honored of al ▪ The stirring vp many benefactors to learning . Things accompanying a right course in proceeding . Deliuery of the maisters from much vexation and ouermuch seueritie . Of scholars from terrour . That all things in schooles may be done with delight and comfort . More substantiall learning in such at 7. yeares ▪ then in others atten . State of most schooles and scholars of 15. yeares of age . Vnfit for the Vniuersities . Euils in their entrance and continuance in the Vniuersities . Tutors must playe the schoolmasters if euer they shall do good . Such scholars must vse extraordinarie paines . And doing best , shall yet euer feele the want of the Grammar schoole . If the best orders were had the schooles should be as the bee-hiues As the goodly gardens & sweet singing birds . And generally excell thēselues . That wee should as much reioice in these , as euer we grieued for the other . Maisters and schollars should proceed with all alacritie . Though all should not excell , yet all should be fitted to some good emploiment , for the benefit of the whole . All these ve●ied in some few schooles . This endeuor to di●charge a debt to all , by making all sorts partakers of the blessings , which he hath vouchsafed . Dutie to all in high place for their children and posteritie . Desire to all parents . To all more tender hearted parents . Wel-wishing to the poorer sort . To the schooles thēselues . To the Vniuersities . Loue to all who haue lost their learning to repaire it , and recouer them selues . Matth. 25. Desi●e to all functions . To all ruder places , as to Wales , to the Irish , Virgi●ia the Sommerlland● . Maister Iohn Ireton of Legworth in Leicestershire . Ouid. Discharge of debt to all . That euerie one may pay the debt of his birth . For that none of vs are born to our selues . Learning being in reputation , shall neuer want multitudes of benefactors . The chiefest glory in earth to be aduancers o● learning & piety . The glorie of our nation shal be increased as learning increaseth . A part of our happinesse to shew our loue in furthering so great a good . Why this work was the more hastned to the publike view . The vncertaintie of our liues ought to make vs to do all the good we can whiles we may . M. To●ey . M. Coote . M. Richardson We cannot appeare before our ●od , if we haue not done our vttermost endeuour to pay our debts , and to employ our talents to bring most aduantage to our maister . Considering well the industrie of our enemie . Witnesse for euer the powder fornace . This worke hath not bene set vpō rashly , but vndertakē by an holy & warrantable calling . By special benefactors to schooles such who had author●●y to cōmand ●y seruice . The ●ight Hon. E of H. M. Iohnson Archdeacon of Leicestershire . From his Soueraigne Maiesties desire for all his ●hooles . For the manner of proceeding in this worke , the Preface to our common Grammar doth direct it . Though many haue written hereof , yet none haue proceeded in this particular manner for the helpe of he meanest . This worke hath not bene proceeded in by priuate conceit . Nor posted on , but hastened slowly . The Author assumeth to himselfe onely the wants & errors . Prescribeth not to anie . Reasons for the length of the worke . Martial . Epig. * Master Iohn Ireton of Kegworth , mentioned before . The vse of it to the learned , who would not reade the whole . Better for the learners that the worke should be ouerlarge then too short . D● . 〈◊〉 . This trauell happily emploied , if but to effect these things following . 1. If but to set others on work hereby . 2. Or to gain moe experiments , which men are so hardly drawn to communicate . 3. Or to make known sundrie most profitable bookes and helpes . 4. To helpe all desirous to doe good , and yet toyle without fruit . If but to gain one yeare . Thogh there may be hope of almost double sound learning , to that which hath bene in manie rude places . For that so much may be gained by three or foure of these helps alone . Reason of the high account of grāmatical translations . Chap. 8. Master Askams testimonie of the practise of translating . This is well worthie the marking of all . More speedily . This verie course in effect practised by Maister Askam . Experience of the singular benefit of it in Maister Iohn Whitne● . This way of translating the chiefe & sure meanes to attaine speedily to any tongue . Maister Askams Schoolemaster . Lib. 2. p. 33. A late known and worthie experience in a young Noble-man of rare hope . To whom the finding out of the rule , and of translations thereby is acknowledged . Labour to find out the rule ▪ and to frame the translations accordingly . And also the right vses & benefits of them . And finally , to haue ●ull assurance of euery thing . Vpon what things all the chiefe benefits of these translations depend . Chap. 8. Certaine benefits of these translations rightly vsed . Further Apologie needlesse , except , 1. The Authors desire to do all this good . 2. The hauing all these experiments gathered to our hands . 3. Assurance of each mans affection , to haue his child so brought vp as is here desired . 4. For the testimonie of his cō●cience to be vpright & faithfull 〈◊〉 all his worke . 1. Anno 1588 2. The death of Queene Elizabeth , and peaceable bringing in our Soueraigne . 3. Powder ●reason . 5. For willing sub●ission of al● things to the publike cen●ure . And desire to be still learning of all . The cause of the confi●nt reioycing in it . Exhortation & encouragement to the weaker teachers . Griefe to all honest hearted maisters , for complaints and murmurings against thē . Complaints of parents for the●● children not profiting . Murmurings of Townes for charges ill bestowed and children spoiled . Some to crie out against our seueritie . Scholars comming to mans estate to bewaile losse of their time . That they were not taught any religiou . Terrour for for lacke of growth of Gods religion . The charge committed to vs. The combinations of the Iesuites ought to prouoke vs. October , 28. 1608. What our state was almost by them . Our miraculous preseruations , and their deadly malice , ought to put new life into euery one of vs. We haue no cause to fea●e our bloud-thirstie aduersaries , if we will but sticke vnto our Christ. Our confidence in our Captaine . 2. Thes. 2. 4. The power of our Christ , with vs , & certainety of victorie of his side . 〈…〉 〈…〉 Assurance that we may come vnto them . An 〈…〉 to double ●u● diligence None to be discouraged , if he see not his desire at the first . Christoph. Hegendorphinus L. E. discipulo suo , 2. For the speedy and profitable learning all our first and lowest school authors , Gram. translations . Books grammatically translated . Plainnesse & readinesse of these translations . For a practise of the chiefe rules of construction , Maister Leeches Dialogues For the rest of the lower Schoole-authors , other translations . For the rest of Tullies Offices not translated grammatically , M. Grimmalds translation . For the other parts adioyned to the Offices , Tho. Newtons translation . For the rest of 〈…〉 Virg. a●neid Maister Phaer . For ●erence Maister B●rnards translation . Caution to be vsed in this and other authors . For higher Authors , as Caesars Commentaries , Sir Clement Edmunds his translation . This author , with those which follow next , are worthy workes for Noble Gentlemen and all other , who would doe seruice to the Church of God ; and their natiue Countrey , to bestow some of their trauels and idle houres in . For Lucans Pharsalia Sir Arthur Gorge . For Liuy D. Hollands translation . For Cornelius Tacitus , Sir H. Sauill . Florus . Seneca . Comments ▪ on all O●id . For the Metamorphosis Sabine . On Virgil , Seruius Donate , &c. Ramus , on the Eclogues and Georgickes . Friskilines paraphrase . Meins . For the rest of the ancient Poets short and pithy commentaries . Maister Bonds ▪ Maister Farn. For the Roman histories and antiquities Maister Goodwin his Anthologia . For Theams M. Vicars his 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 for inuention and manner . For matter , Bibliotheca scholastica . Exampls , Valerius Max. Stobaei Anthologia . Phrases for Theames . Drax his Calliepeia , Maister Farnabees Phrases . Patterns for Epistles , Laconicae Epistolae . Examples for imitation of Epistles of all sorts , Flores & Sententiae scribendinque formulae illustres . Orations , Melchior Iunius . Examining phrases in prose . Godscalcus . Schorus . Erasmus Epit. of Vallaes elegancies , Popma . In Poetry . Text. Epith. Buchleri Thesaurus poëticus . Smetius . Dictionaries . Rider . Thomas Thomasius . For a short comprising of the Latine Primitiues , Ianua linguarum . For resoluing authors , Gram. trans . of &c. Disputation of Grammar questions , in English ; Posing of the Parts . In Latine , M. Stockwoods disput . Disputing of morall questions , master Brasbridge questions of Tullies Off. For words belonging to Historie , Trades , &c. Stanbridg . vocabula . Hunters Cosmographie . How this might be more profitable . How such a worke might be easily compiled . How best learned . For speedy attaining to the Greeke . For the Grammar Maister Camdens most profitable for vs. For other difficulties concerning Grammar , Cleonards Gram with Ant●sign . The short abridgement in the eud of Scapula . For speedy attaining the greeke Primitiues . Clauis 〈◊〉 Graecae . For a more full knowledge of thē , Fundamētum linguae Graecae , siue Epitome Lexici & Etymologici graeci proschola Br●mensi . Authors in verse , Theognis , &c. with Sylburgius . Hesiode with Ceporine & Melancth . For Homer . Maister Chapman in English meeter . Eustathius . Spondanus . For prose ▪ Isocrates translated by VVolphius . Schorus his translation with annotat . Zenophons Cyropaideia . For the Greek Testament , Pasors dictionarie . For writing in Greeke , Clauis , Thomas●●s , Garthius . Poselij Calligr . Elegantiae graecae . In verse for Epithets and authorities , Dinnerus . For morall matter out 〈◊〉 best Greeke Authors , Stobaei Anthologia , Cornucopia . For speaking Greeke , Poselius . For Hebrue Grammar . Martinius printed by R●phalengius at Berne . Reason of it . Maister Vdals Grammar . Lexicon Buxtorphius . Tossanus . For our owne tongue to grow in proprietie and puritie . 1. Grāmatical translations for all the first beginners . 2 Other translations . 3. Dictionaries . 4. Best authors in each kinde for English. For strangers . The English Grammar . Logonomia Anglica . Translations . For Tropes and Figures briefly in vse , Maister Fa●nabees tropes and figures . For a more methodicall tractate ▪ M. Butlers Rhetoricke . 3. For the vse of Rhetorick , Maister 〈◊〉 , Manuductio ad artem Rhetoricum . Religion , for laying surely the grounds 〈◊〉 . For know●edge of the historie of the Bible , Bibliorum summula . A more brief abridgement Memoriale , Biblicu● . For the p●inciples besides those by law appointed , Maister Perkins ●ixe Principles expounded . For faire writing , Copie bookes for Secretarie , Romane , Greeke , Hebrue . For Memory . Maister Willies Mnemonica . Bookes prepared for the Presse . Helpe for matter for Theames . An Index gathered out of the fittest Schoole-authors and others , with references to the places . Tullies paradoxes translated grammatically for patternes for Theames . The Laconicall Epistles translated . 4. For the more speedie & 〈◊〉 learning 〈…〉 it is prepared to be 〈◊〉 , printed as to supply what is wanting or Grammar order , prop●●etie , declining , quantities , and E●ymologies . For speedie getting the Greeke Primitiues , Clauis linguae Graeca● , made much more plaine . For entrance in the speedie the running thorough the best Greeke Authors in prose , Grammatical translations of Isocrates ad Daemonicum . The first 〈…〉 Z●nophons Cyropaideia . For the speedy and sure attaining all the Hebrue Radiees , are preparing a ●word and a 〈◊〉 thereunto like 〈…〉 and Greeke . For all these helpes more particularly , and the right vse of them : the Grammar schoole in this last Edition . Matter of charge , and all objections there answe●●● ▪