A discourse of trade, from England vnto the East-Indies answering to diuerse obiections which are vsually made against the same. By T.M.
         Discourse of trade, from England unto the East-Indies.
         Mun, Thomas, 1571-1641.
      
       
         
           1621
        
      
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             A discourse of trade, from England vnto the East-Indies answering to diuerse obiections which are vsually made against the same. By T.M.
             Discourse of trade, from England unto the East-Indies.
             Mun, Thomas, 1571-1641.
          
           [6], 58 p.
           
             Printed by Nicholas Okes for Iohn Pyper,
             London :
             1621.
          
           
             T.M = Thomas Mun.
             Some print faded and show-through.
             Reproduction of original in the Yale University Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           East India Company -- Early works to 1800.
           East Indies -- Commerce -- Great Britain -- Early works to 1800.
        
      
    
     
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           A
           DISCOVRSE
           of
           Trade
           ,
           From
           
             England
          
           vnto
           the
           
             East-Indies
             :
          
           Answering
           to
           diuerse
           Obiections
           which
           are
           vsually
           made
           against
           the
           same
           .
        
         
           By
           
             T.
             M.
             
          
        
         
           LONDON
           .
           Printed
           by
           
             Nicholas
             Okes
          
           for
           
             Iohn
             Pyper
             .
          
           1621.
           
        
      
       
         
         
         
           Briefe
           Notes
           directing
           to
           the
           seuerall
           parts
           which
           are
           handled
           in
           the
           Answeres
           made
           to
           the
           foure
           Obiections
           against
           the
           East-India
           Trade
           in
           the
           Discourse
           following
           .
        
         
           
             The
             parts
             of
             the
             first
             Obiection
             ,
             Page
             
               4.
               
            
          
           
             
               1.
               
            
             IN
             the
             first
             part
             is
             shewed
             the
             necessary
             vse
             of
             
               Drugges
               ,
               Spices
               ,
               Indico
               ,
               Raw-silke
            
             and
             
               Callicoes
               .
            
          
           
             
               2
               ,
            
             In
             the
             second
             part
             is
             declared
             the
             great
             summes
             of
             ready
             monies
             which
             are
             yeerely
             saued
             to
             
               Christendome
            
             in
             generall
             ,
             by
             fetching
             the
             wares
             of
             the
             
               East-Indies
            
             directly
             in
             shipping
             from
             thence
             .
             page
             
               8.
               
            
          
           
             
               3.
               
            
             In
             the
             third
             part
             ,
             is
             proued
             ,
             that
             the
             
               Trade
            
             from
             
               England
            
             to
             the
             
               East-Indies
            
             doth
             not
             consume
             ,
             but
             rather
             greatly
             
             increase
             the
             generall
             stocke
             and
             Treasure
             of
             this
             
               Realme
               .
            
             page
             
               19.
               
            
          
        
         
           
             The
             parts
             of
             the
             second
             Obiection
             ,
             Page
             
               29.
               
            
          
           
             
               1.
               
            
             In
             the
             first
             part
             is
             set
             forth
             the
             noble
             vse
             of
             Ships
             ;
             and
             that
             the
             timber
             ,
             planke
             ,
             and
             other
             Materials
             of
             this
             
               Kingdome
            
             for
             the
             building
             of
             Shipping
             ,
             are
             neither
             become
             scant
             nor
             dearer
             since
             the
             
               East-India
               Trade
            
             beganne
             .
             Ibidem
             .
          
           
             
               2.
               
            
             In
             the
             second
             part
             is
             shewed
             the
             great
             strength
             of
             shipping
             and
             warlike
             prouisions
             ,
             which
             the
             
               East-India
            
             Company
             haue
             alwayes
             in
             readinesse
             for
             the
             seruice
             of
             the
             
               Kingdome
               .
            
             pag.
             
               31.
               
            
          
        
         
           
             The
             parts
             of
             the
             third
             Obiection
             ,
             page
             
               33.
               
            
          
           
             
               1.
               
            
             The
             
               East-India
               Trade
            
             doth
             not
             make
             victuals
             deare
             ,
             but
             is
             a
             meanes
             to
             increase
             our
             plenty
             .
             Ibidem
             .
          
           
             
               2.
               
            
             In
             breadeth
             more
             Marriners
             then
             it
             doth
             ordinarily
             consume
             ,
             and
             disburtheneth
             
             the
             
               Kingdome
            
             of
             very
             many
             leude
             people
             .
             page
             
               35.
               
            
          
           
             
               3.
               
            
             It
             hath
             not
             destroyed
             any
             other
             Trade
             or
             shipping
             of
             this
             
               Realme
               ,
            
             but
             hath
             encreased
             both
             the
             one
             and
             the
             other
             ;
             besides
             the
             great
             addition
             of
             it selfe
             vnto
             the
             strength
             and
             traffique
             of
             this
             
               Kingdome
               .
            
             page
             
               37.
               
            
          
           
             
               4.
               
            
             It
             doth
             not
             increase
             the
             number
             of
             the
             poore
             of
             this
             
               Realme
            
             (
             as
             is
             erroniously
             supposed
             )
             ▪
             but
             it
             doth
             maintayne
             and
             releeue
             many
             hundreds
             of
             people
             by
             their
             imployments
             ,
             and
             Charitie
             .
             page
             
               42.
               
            
          
           
             
               5.
               
            
             It
             doth
             saue
             the
             
               Kingdome
            
             yeerely
             
               75000.l.
            
             sterling
             ,
             or
             thereabouts
             ,
             of
             that
             which
             it
             was
             accustomed
             to
             spend
             in
             
               Spices
            
             and
             
               Indico
            
             onely
             ,
             when
             they
             were
             brought
             vs
             from
             
               Turkey
            
             and
             
               Lixborne
               .
            
             page
             
               43.
               
            
          
        
         
           
             The
             parts
             of
             the
             fourth
             Obiection
             ,
             Page
             
               46.
               
            
          
           
             
               1.
               
            
             The
             
               East-India
               Trade
            
             doth
             not
             
             hinder
             the
             imployment
             of
             his
             Maiesties
             Mint
             .
             Ibidem
             .
          
           
             
               2.
               
            
             The
             proposition
             to
             put
             downe
             the
             
               East-India
               Trade
            
             is
             grounded
             vpon
             idle
             and
             false
             reports
             ,
             tending
             to
             the
             great
             hurt
             of
             the
             
               King
            
             and
             his
             people
             .
             pag.
             
               48.
               
            
          
           
             
               3.
               
            
             A
             briefe
             Narration
             of
             a
             
               Kingdomes
            
             riches
             ,
             with
             the
             foure
             principall
             causes
             which
             may
             decay
             the
             generall
             stocke
             and
             treasure
             of
             this
             
               Realme
            
             in
             particular
             .
             page
             
               49.
               
            
          
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
           A
           DISCOVRSE
           OF
           Trade
           from
           England
           vnto
           the
           East
           Indies
           :
           Answering
           to
           diuerse
           Obiections
           which
           are
           vsually
           made
           against
           the
           same
           .
        
         
           THe
           trade
           of
           Merchandize
           ,
           is
           not
           onely
           that
           laudable
           practize
           wherby
           the
           entercourse
           of
           Nations
           is
           so
           worthily
           performed
           ,
           but
           also
           (
           as
           I
           may
           terme
           it
           )
           the
           verie
           
             Touchstone
          
           of
           a
           kingdomes
           prosperitie
           ,
           when
           therein
           some
           certen
           rules
           shall
           be
           diligently
           obserued
           .
           For
           ,
           as
           in
           the
           estates
           of
           priuate
           persons
           ,
           wee
           may
           
           accompt
           that
           man
           to
           prosper
           and
           growe
           rich
           ,
           who
           being
           possessed
           of
           reuenues
           more
           or
           lesse
           ,
           doth
           accordingly
           proportion
           his
           expences
           ;
           whereby
           he
           may
           yearelie
           aduance
           some
           maintenance
           for
           his
           posteritie
           .
           So
           doth
           it
           come
           to
           passe
           in
           those
           Kingdomes
           ,
           which
           with
           great
           care
           and
           warinesse
           doe
           euer
           vent
           out
           more
           of
           their
           home
           commodities
           ,
           then
           they
           import
           and
           vse
           of
           forren
           wares
           ;
           for
           so
           vndoubtedly
           the
           remainder
           must
           returne
           to
           them
           in
           treasure
           .
           But
           where
           a
           contrarie
           course
           is
           taken
           ,
           through
           wantonnesse
           and
           riot
           ;
           to
           ouer
           waste
           both
           forren
           and
           domestike
           wares
           ;
           there
           must
           the
           money
           of
           necessitie
           be
           exported
           ,
           as
           the
           meanes
           to
           helpe
           to
           furnish
           such
           excesse
           ,
           and
           so
           by
           the
           corruption
           of
           mens
           conditions
           and
           manners
           ,
           manie
           rich
           countries
           are
           made
           exceeding
           poore
           ,
           whilest
           the
           people
           thereof
           ,
           too
           much
           affecting
           their
           owne
           enormities
           ,
           doe
           lay
           the
           fault
           in
           something
           else
           .
        
         
           Wherefore
           ,
           industry
           to
           increase
           ,
           and
           frugalitie
           to
           maintaine
           ,
           are
           the
           true
           watchmen
           of
           a
           kingdomes
           treasury
           ;
           euen
           when
           ,
           the
           force
           and
           feare
           of
           Princes
           prohibitions
           cannot
           possibly
           retaine
           the
           same
           .
        
         
           And
           therefore
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           most
           plaine
           ,
           that
           proportion
           or
           quantitie
           ,
           must
           euer
           be
           regarded
           in
           the
           importing
           of
           forren
           wares
           ;
           so
           must
           there
           also
           be
           a
           great
           respect
           of
           qualitie
           and
           vse
           ;
           that
           so
           ,
           the
           things
           most
           necessarie
           
           be
           first
           preferred
           ;
           such
           as
           are
           foode
           ,
           rayment
           ,
           and
           munition
           for
           warre
           and
           trade
           ;
           which
           great
           blessinges
           ,
           when
           any
           countrie
           doth
           sufficiently
           enioy
           ;
           the
           next
           to
           be
           procured
           are
           wares
           ,
           fitting
           for
           health
           ,
           and
           arts
           ;
           the
           last
           ,
           are
           those
           ,
           which
           serue
           for
           our
           pleasures
           ,
           and
           ornament
           .
        
         
           Now
           ,
           forasmuch
           ,
           as
           by
           the
           prouidence
           of
           almightie
           God
           ,
           the
           kingdome
           of
           
             England
             ,
          
           is
           indowed
           with
           such
           aboundance
           of
           rich
           commodities
           ,
           that
           it
           hath
           long
           enioyed
           ,
           not
           onely
           great
           plentie
           of
           the
           things
           before
           named
           ,
           but
           also
           ,
           through
           a
           superfluitie
           ,
           hath
           beene
           much
           inriched
           with
           treasure
           brought
           in
           from
           forren
           parts
           ;
           which
           hath
           giuen
           life
           vnto
           so
           many
           worthy
           trades
           ,
           amongst
           which
           that
           vnto
           the
           
             East
             India
          
           by
           name
           ;
           the
           report
           whereof
           ,
           although
           it
           is
           already
           spread
           so
           famous
           through
           the
           world
           ;
           yet
           notwithstanding
           ,
           heere
           at
           home
           ,
           the
           clamorous
           complaints
           against
           the
           same
           ,
           are
           growne
           so
           loude
           and
           generall
           ;
           that
           (
           my
           selfe
           being
           one
           of
           the
           Society
           it
           hath
           much
           troubled
           my
           priuate
           meditations
           ,
           to
           conceaue
           the
           means
           or
           true
           groundes
           of
           this
           confusion
           .
           But
           at
           the
           last
           I
           resolued
           my selfe
           ,
           that
           the
           greatest
           number
           of
           these
           exclaimers
           ,
           are
           led
           away
           in
           ignorance
           ;
           not
           hauing
           as
           yet
           ,
           discerned
           the
           mysteries
           of
           such
           waightie
           affaires
           ;
           Some
           haue
           beene
           transported
           with
           enuie
           ,
           as
           not
           participating
           in
           the
           said
           Societie
           ,
           or
           beeing
           
           thereby
           hindred
           (
           as
           they
           conceiue
           )
           in
           some
           other
           trade
           ;
           and
           others
           ,
           wholy
           corrupted
           in
           their
           affections
           ;
           who
           whilest
           they
           willingly
           runne
           into
           these
           errors
           ,
           doe
           also
           labour
           diligently
           to
           seduce
           others
           ;
           that
           so
           ,
           this
           good
           and
           glorie
           of
           the
           kingdome
           ,
           might
           be
           subuerted
           by
           our selues
           ,
           which
           by
           the
           pollicie
           and
           strength
           of
           Strangers
           ,
           cannot
           so
           easilie
           be
           abated
           ;
           wherefore
           ,
           it
           is
           now
           a
           fit
           time
           to
           meete
           with
           such
           iniurious
           courses
           ,
           by
           a
           true
           Narration
           of
           the
           passages
           in
           the
           said
           
             East-India
          
           Trade
           ;
           answering
           to
           those
           seuerall
           obiections
           ,
           which
           are
           so
           commonlie
           made
           against
           the
           same
           ;
           That
           so
           these
           misunderstandings
           and
           errours
           may
           be
           made
           knowne
           vnto
           the
           whole
           body
           of
           this
           Kingdome
           ,
           which
           at
           this
           present
           time
           is
           most
           worthily
           represented
           in
           those
           noble
           assemblies
           of
           the
           high
           Courts
           of
           
             Parliament
          
           ;
           where
           I
           hope
           the
           worth
           of
           this
           rich
           Trade
           ,
           shall
           be
           effectually
           inquired
           ,
           and
           so
           in
           the
           end
           obtaine
           the
           credit
           of
           an
           honorable
           approbation
           .
        
         
           
             The
             first
             Obiection
             .
          
           
             It
             were
             a
             happie
             thing
             for
             Christendome
             (
             say
             many
             men
             )
             that
             the
             Nauigation
             to
             the
             East-Indies
             ,
             by
             way
             of
             the
             Cape
             of
             Good
             hope
             ,
             had
             neuer
             bene
             found
             
             out
             ;
             For
             in
             the
             fleetes
             of
             shippes
             ,
             which
             are
             sent
             thither
             yearely
             out
             of
             
               England
               ,
               Portingall
               ,
            
             and
             the
             
               Low
               countries
               ;
            
             The
             gold
             ,
             siluer
             ,
             and
             Coyne
             of
             Christendome
             ,
             and
             particularly
             of
             this
             Kingdome
             ,
             is
             exhausted
             ,
             to
             buy
             vnnecessarie
             wares
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Answere
               .
            
             
               THe
               matter
               of
               this
               Obiection
               is
               very
               waighty
               ;
               and
               therefore
               ,
               it
               ought
               to
               be
               answered
               fully
               ;
               the
               which
               that
               I
               may
               the
               better
               performe
               ,
               I
               will
               diuide
               the
               fame
               into
               three
               parts
               .
            
             
               1
               In
               the
               first
               ,
               I
               will
               consider
               ,
               the
               necessarie
               vse
               of
               the
               wares
               ,
               which
               are
               vsually
               brought
               out
               of
               
                 East-India
              
               into
               
                 Europe
              
               ;
               namely
               ,
               Druggs
               ,
               Spices
               ,
               Rawsilke
               ,
               Indicoe
               ,
               and
               Callicoes
               .
            
             
               2
               In
               the
               Second
               ;
               I
               will
               intimate
               the
               manner
               and
               meanes
               ,
               by
               which
               the
               said
               wares
               haue
               beene
               heretofore
               ,
               and
               now
               are
               brought
               into
               
                 Europe
                 .
              
            
             
               3
               In
               the
               Third
               and
               last
               ;
               I
               will
               proue
               ,
               that
               the
               Treasure
               of
               
                 England
                 ,
              
               is
               not
               consumed
               ,
               but
               rather
               greatly
               to
               be
               increased
               by
               the
               performance
               of
               the
               said
               Trade
               .
            
             
               Touching
               the
               First
               ;
               Who
               is
               so
               ignorant
               ,
               
               in
               any
               famous
               common
               wealth
               ,
               
               which
               will
               not
               consent
               to
               the
               moderate
               vse
               of
               wholesome
               Druggs
               and
               comfortable
               Spices
               ?
               Which
               ,
               haue
               beene
               so
               much
               desired
               in
               all
               times
               ,
               and
               by
               so
               many
               Nations
               ;
               not
               thereby
               to
               surfeit
               ,
               or
               to
               please
               a
               lickorish
               tast
               (
               as
               it
               often
               happeneth
               ,
               with
               many
               other
               fruites
               and
               wines
               )
               but
               rather
               as
               things
               most
               necessarie
               to
               preserue
               their
               health
               ,
               and
               to
               cure
               their
               diseases
               ;
               euen
               as
               it
               is
               most
               notably
               set
               forth
               ,
               
               by
               some
               learned
               men
               ,
               who
               haue
               vndertaken
               ,
               to
               write
               vpon
               this
               subiect
               ;
               and
               therefore
               ;
               it
               shall
               be
               altogether
               needlesse
               heere
               to
               discourse
               vpon
               their
               seuerall
               operations
               and
               vertues
               ,
               seeing
               that
               ,
               he
               that
               listeth
               ,
               may
               be
               well
               instructed
               therein
               ,
               if
               hee
               will
               peruse
               the
               volumes
               ,
               which
               are
               penned
               by
               the
               learned
               ,
               for
               the
               benefit
               of
               all
               those
               ,
               who
               shall
               make
               vse
               thereof
               .
            
             
               But
               if
               peraduenture
               ,
               it
               be
               yet
               further
               vrged
               ;
               that
               diuers
               Nations
               ,
               liue
               without
               the
               vse
               of
               Druggs
               and
               Spices
               :
               the
               answer
               is
               ,
               That
               either
               such
               people
               know
               not
               their
               vertue
               ;
               and
               therefore
               ,
               suffer
               much
               by
               the
               want
               of
               wares
               so
               healthfull
               ;
               or
               else
               ,
               they
               are
               most
               miserable
               ;
               being
               without
               meanes
               to
               obtaine
               the
               thinges
               ,
               which
               they
               so
               much
               want
               ;
               but
               sithence
               I
               intend
               to
               be
               breife
               ,
               I
               will
               insist
               no
               further
               vpon
               this
               point
               ;
               For
               the
               Obiecters
               might
               aswell
               deny
               vs
               the
               vse
               of
               Sugars
               ,
               Wynes
               ,
               Oyles
               ,
               Raysons
               ,
               Figgs
               ,
               Prunes
               ,
               and
               
               Currandes
               ;
               and
               with
               farre
               more
               reason
               exclaime
               against
               
                 Tobacco
                 ,
              
               Cloth
               of
               gold
               and
               Siluer
               ,
               Lawnes
               ,
               Cambricks
               ,
               Gold
               and
               Siluer
               lace
               ,
               Veluets
               ,
               Sattens
               ,
               Taffaeties
               and
               diuers
               others
               manifactures
               ,
               yearely
               brought
               into
               this
               Realme
               ,
               for
               an
               infinite
               value
               ;
               all
               which
               as
               it
               is
               most
               true
               ,
               that
               whilest
               we
               consume
               them
               ,
               they
               likewise
               deuoure
               our
               wealth
               ;
               yet
               neuerthelesse
               ,
               the
               moderate
               vse
               of
               all
               these
               wares
               hath
               euer
               suted
               well
               with
               the
               riches
               and
               Maiestie
               of
               this
               Kingdome
               .
            
             
               But
               I
               will
               come
               to
               the
               Raw-silkes
               and
               Indico
               ;
               this
               being
               so
               excellent
               for
               the
               dying
               of
               our
               woollen-cloathes
               ,
               thereby
               so
               much
               esteemed
               in
               so
               many
               places
               of
               the
               world
               ;
               that
               ornament
               ,
               together
               with
               the
               great
               reliefe
               and
               maintenance
               of
               so
               many
               hundreds
               of
               poore
               people
               ;
               who
               are
               continuallie
               imployed
               ,
               in
               the
               winding
               ,
               twisting
               ,
               and
               weauing
               of
               the
               same
               ;
               Insomuch
               ,
               that
               by
               the
               cherishing
               of
               this
               busines
               (
               as
               his
               Maiestie
               ,
               for
               his
               parte
               is
               graciouslie
               pleased
               to
               performe
               ,
               in
               remitting
               the
               impost
               of
               Silke
               )
               it
               may
               well
               be
               hoped
               ,
               that
               in
               short
               time
               ,
               
               industrie
               will
               make
               the
               arte
               to
               flourish
               ,
               with
               no
               lesse
               happinesse
               to
               this
               Kingdome
               ,
               then
               it
               hath
               done
               (
               through
               many
               ages
               )
               to
               diuerse
               states
               in
               
                 Italy
                 ,
              
               and
               latelie
               also
               to
               the
               Kingdome
               of
               
                 France
                 ,
              
               and
               to
               the
               vnited
               Prouinces
               of
               the
               Low
               countries
               .
            
             
               Now
               as
               touching
               the
               Trade
               of
               
                 Callicoes
                 ,
              
               
               of
               many
               sortes
               ,
               into
               which
               the
               
                 English
              
               lately
               made
               an
               entrance
               ;
               although
               it
               cannot
               be
               truely
               sayd
               ,
               that
               this
               commoditie
               is
               ptoffitable
               ,
               for
               the
               state
               of
               
                 Christendome
              
               in
               generall
               (
               in
               respect
               they
               are
               the
               manifacture
               of
               Infidells
               ,
               and
               in
               great
               part
               the
               weare
               of
               Christans
               )
               yet
               neuerthelesse
               ,
               
               this
               commoditie
               ,
               likewise
               is
               of
               singuler
               vse
               ,
               for
               this
               common
               wealth
               in
               particuler
               ;
               not
               onelie
               therewith
               to
               increase
               the
               Trade
               into
               forren
               parts
               ;
               but
               also
               thereby
               ,
               greatly
               to
               abate
               the
               excessiue
               prices
               of
               Cambricks
               ,
               Holland
               ,
               and
               other
               sorts
               of
               Linnen-cloath
               ;
               which
               daily
               are
               brought
               into
               this
               Kingdom
               for
               a
               verie
               great
               summe
               of
               mony
               .
               And
               this
               shall
               suffice
               concerning
               the
               necessarie
               vse
               of
               the
               
                 Indian
              
               wares
               ;
               
               In
               the
               next
               place
               ,
               I
               will
               set
               forth
               the
               manner
               and
               meanes
               of
               their
               importing
               into
               
                 Europe
                 .
              
            
             
               It
               is
               an
               errour
               in
               those
               men
               ;
               who
               thinke
               that
               the
               Trade
               of
               the
               
                 East-Indies
              
               into
               
                 Europe
              
               had
               first
               entrance
               ,
               by
               the
               discouerie
               of
               the
               
                 Nauigation
              
               by
               the
               
                 Cape
              
               of
               
                 Good-hope
                 .
              
               For
               many
               yeares
               before
               that
               time
               ,
               the
               traffique
               of
               those
               parts
               ,
               had
               his
               ordinary
               course
               by
               shipping
               from
               diuerse
               places
               in
               the
               
                 Indies
              
               ;
               yearely
               resorting
               with
               their
               wares
               to
               
                 Mocha
              
               in
               the
               
                 Red-Sea
                 ,
              
               and
               
                 Balsera
              
               in
               the
               
                 Persian-Gulfe
              
               :
               From
               both
               which
               places
               ,
               the
               Merchandize
               (
               with
               great
               charges
               )
               were
               after
               transported
               ouerland
               by
               the
               
                 Turkes
              
               
               vpon
               
                 Cammells
                 ,
              
               50.
               dayes
               iourney
               ,
               vnto
               
                 Aleppo
              
               in
               
                 Soria
                 ,
              
               and
               to
               
                 Alexandria
              
               in
               
                 Egypt
                 ,
              
               (
               which
               are
               the
               
                 Mart
                 Townes
                 ,
              
               from
               whence
               diuerse
               Nations
               ,
               as
               well
               
                 Turkes
                 ,
              
               as
               
                 Christians
                 ,
              
               doe
               continually
               disperse
               the
               sayd
               wares
               by
               Sea
               into
               the
               partes
               of
               
                 Europe
                 :
              
               )
               by
               which
               course
               ,
               the
               common
               enemie
               of
               
                 Christendome
              
               (
               the
               
                 Turke
              
               )
               was
               Maister
               of
               the
               Trade
               ;
               which
               did
               greatly
               imploy
               ,
               b
               and
               inrich
               his
               Subiects
               ,
               and
               also
               fill
               the
               Coffers
               of
               his
               owne
               customes
               ,
               which
               he
               exacted
               at
               very
               high
               rates
               ;
               But
               by
               the
               prouidence
               of
               almightie
               God
               ,
               the
               discouerie
               of
               that
               
                 Nauigation
                 ,
              
               to
               the
               
                 East-Indies
              
               by
               the
               
                 Cape
              
               of
               
                 Goodhope
              
               (
               now
               somuch
               frequented
               by
               the
               
                 English
                 ,
                 Portingalls
                 ,
              
               and
               
                 Dutche
              
               ;
               and
               also
               attempted
               ,
               by
               other
               
                 Christian
                 Kingdomes
              
               )
               hath
               not
               onely
               much
               decayed
               the
               great
               commerce
               ,
               betweene
               the
               
                 Indians
              
               and
               the
               
                 Turkes
              
               in
               the
               
                 Red
                 Sea
              
               ;
               and
               in
               the
               
                 Persian
                 Gulfe
              
               (
               to
               their
               infinite
               hurt
               ,
               and
               to
               the
               great
               increase
               of
               
                 Christian
              
               trade
               ,
               )
               but
               it
               hath
               also
               brought
               a
               further
               happinesse
               vnto
               
                 Christendome
              
               in
               generall
               ,
               and
               to
               the
               
                 Realme
              
               of
               
                 England
              
               in
               particular
               ,
               for
               the
               venting
               of
               more
               
                 English
              
               commodities
               ;
               and
               for
               exporting
               of
               a
               lesse
               quantitie
               of
               siluer
               out
               of
               
                 Europe
                 ,
              
               vnto
               the
               Infidells
               ,
               by
               many
               thousand
               poundes
               yearely
               ,
               then
               hath
               beene
               accustomed
               in
               former
               times
               ;
               as
               I
               shall
               proue
               most
               plainlie
               by
               that
               which
               followeth
               .
            
             
             
               And
               First
               ,
               it
               will
               be
               necessarie
               to
               set
               downe
               the
               quantitie
               of
               Spices
               ,
               
                 Indico
                 ,
              
               and
               
                 Persian
              
               Raw-silke
               (
               which
               is
               yearely
               consumed
               in
               
                 Europe
              
               )
               and
               in
               them
               all
               to
               consider
               the
               cost
               with
               the
               charges
               to
               lade
               the
               same
               commodities
               cleare
               aboard
               the
               Shippes
               from
               
                 Aleppo
              
               ;
               and
               the
               like
               of
               all
               the
               selfe
               same
               wares
               ,
               as
               they
               haue
               beene
               vsually
               dispatched
               from
               the
               
                 Portes
              
               of
               the
               
                 East-Indies
              
               ;
               wherein
               ,
               will
               appeare
               that
               happinesse
               ,
               which
               many
               doe
               so
               much
               oppose
               ;
               especially
               our
               owne
               Countrie-men
               ,
               vnder
               the
               gilded
               tearmes
               of
               the
               Common-wealth
               ;
               whilest
               beeing
               indeed
               either
               ignorant
               ,
               
               or
               ill
               affected
               ,
               they
               doe
               not
               onelie
               grosly
               erre
               themselues
               ,
               but
               also
               cause
               others
               to
               hinder
               as
               much
               as
               in
               them
               lieth
               ,
               the
               glorie
               and
               well-fare
               of
               this
               Kingdome
               ;
               but
               leauing
               them
               ,
               I
               will
               set
               downe
               the
               said
               wares
               ,
               in
               their
               quantitie
               and
               prizes
               as
               followeth
               ;
               and
               first
               ,
            
             
             
               
                 
                   At
                   Aleppo
                   .
                   
                
                 
                   
                     
                       
                         ll
                      
                    
                  
                   
                     
                       
                         l
                      
                    
                  
                   
                     
                       s̄
                    
                  
                   
                     
                       
                         d
                      
                    
                  
                
                 
                   
                     6000000.
                     of
                     Pepper
                     ,
                     cost
                     with
                     charges
                     at
                     
                       Aleppo
                    
                     at
                     2.
                     
                       s̄
                    
                     the
                     
                       
                         l.
                         
                      
                    
                  
                   
                     600000.
                     
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                
                 
                   
                     450000.
                     of
                     Cloues
                     at
                     4.
                     
                       s̄
                       .
                    
                     9.
                     
                       
                         d.
                      
                    
                     the
                     pound
                  
                   
                     106875.
                     
                  
                   
                     10
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                
                 
                   
                     150000.
                     of
                     Mace
                     at
                     4.
                     
                       s̄
                    
                     9.
                     
                       
                         d
                      
                    
                     the
                     pound
                  
                   
                     35626.
                     
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                
                 
                   
                     400000.
                     of
                     Nutmegs
                     ,
                     at
                     2.
                     
                       s̄
                    
                     4.
                     
                       
                         d
                      
                    
                     the
                     poūd
                  
                   
                     46666
                  
                   
                     13
                  
                   
                     04
                  
                
                 
                   
                     350000.
                     of
                     Indico
                     at
                     4.
                     
                       s̄
                    
                     4.
                     
                       
                         d
                      
                    
                     the
                     pound
                  
                   
                     75833
                  
                   
                     06
                  
                   
                     08
                  
                
                 
                   
                     1000000.
                     of
                     
                       Persia
                    
                     raw
                     silke
                     at
                     12.
                     
                       s̄
                    
                     the
                     po
                     .
                  
                   
                     600000
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     1465001
                  
                   
                     10
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                
              
            
             
               Now
               followeth
               the
               same
               wares
               both
               for
               quantitie
               and
               qualitie
               at
               their
               seueral
               prizes
               as
               they
               are
               to
               be
               bought
               and
               laden
               cleare
               of
               charges
               .
            
             
               
                 
                   In
                   the
                   East-Indies
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     
                       
                         ll
                      
                    
                  
                   
                     
                       
                         l
                      
                    
                  
                   
                     
                       s̄
                    
                  
                   
                     
                       
                         d
                      
                    
                  
                
                 
                   
                     6000000.
                     of
                     Pepper
                     cost
                     with
                     charges
                     in
                     
                       India
                    
                     2.
                     
                       
                         d
                      
                    
                     ½
                     the
                     pou
                     .
                  
                   
                     62500
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                
                 
                   
                     450000.
                     
                     Cloues
                     at
                     9.
                     
                       
                         d
                      
                    
                     the
                     pound
                  
                   
                     16875
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                
                 
                   
                     150000.
                     
                     Maces
                     at
                     8.
                     
                       
                         d
                      
                    
                     the
                     pound
                  
                   
                     5000
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                
                 
                   
                     400000.
                     
                     Nutmegges
                     at
                     4.
                     
                       
                         d
                      
                    
                     the
                     pound
                  
                   
                     6666
                  
                   
                     13
                  
                   
                     04
                  
                
                 
                   
                     350000.
                     
                     Indico
                     at
                     14.
                     
                       
                         d
                      
                    
                     the
                     pound
                  
                   
                     20416
                  
                   
                     12
                  
                   
                     04
                  
                
                 
                   
                     1000000.
                     
                     
                       Persia
                    
                     Raw-silke
                     at
                     8.
                     
                       s̄
                    
                     the
                     pou
                     .
                  
                   
                     400000
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     511458
                  
                   
                     05
                  
                   
                     08
                  
                
              
            
             
             
               So
               that
               by
               the
               substance
               ,
               and
               summes
               of
               these
               accompts
               ,
               it
               doth
               plainely
               appeare
               ,
               that
               the
               buying
               of
               the
               said
               quantitie
               of
               Raw-silkes
               ,
               Indico
               ,
               and
               Spices
               ,
               may
               be
               performed
               in
               the
               
                 Indies
                 ,
              
               for
               neare
               one
               third
               part
               of
               the
               ready
               moneyes
               ,
               which
               were
               accustomed
               to
               be
               sent
               into
               
                 Turkey
              
               to
               prouide
               the
               same
               ;
               
               So
               that
               there
               will
               bee
               saued
               euerie
               yeere
               the
               value
               of
               953543.l
               .
               4
               s.
               4.
               d.
               starling
               of
               readie
               moneyes
               ,
               that
               heretofore
               hath
               beene
               exported
               out
               of
               
                 Christendome
              
               into
               
                 Turkey
              
               ▪
               which
               is
               a
               matter
               of
               such
               note
               and
               consequence
               ,
               that
               it
               may
               seeme
               incredible
               ,
               before
               the
               circumstance
               be
               dulie
               considered
               ;
               and
               therefore
               least
               I
               should
               leaue
               the
               matter
               in
               doubt
               ,
               it
               is
               requisite
               ;
               that
               I
               doe
               make
               an
               explanation
               of
               some
               particulars
               .
            
             
               And
               principallie
               ,
               it
               must
               not
               bee
               conceiued
               ,
               that
               this
               great
               aduantage
               ,
               which
               hath
               beene
               spoken
               of
               ▪
               is
               onely
               the
               Merchants
               gaine
               ;
               for
               the
               Common-wealth
               of
               
                 Christendoe
                 ,
              
               hath
               a
               very
               great
               part
               thereof
               in
               the
               cheapnes
               of
               the
               wares
               ,
               as
               shall
               be
               (
               God
               willing
               )
               proued
               hereafter
               in
               his
               due
               place
               .
            
             
               Secondly
               ,
               the
               time
               of
               the
               Merchants
               forbearance
               ,
               and
               interest
               ,
               is
               verie
               long
               :
               his
               aduenture
               and
               assurance
               much
               dearer
               ;
               his
               charges
               of
               shipping
               ,
               victuals
               ,
               Marriners
               ,
               and
               factors
               their
               wages
               ,
               far
               greater
               ,
               then
               by
               the
               voyage
               into
               
                 Turkey
              
               for
               the
               same
               
               wares
               ;
               so
               that
               the
               former
               great
               difference
               must
               be
               vnderstood
               in
               these
               particulers
               ;
               whereby
               we
               may
               perceiue
               to
               our
               comfort
               ,
               that
               the
               Materialls
               of
               the
               kingdome
               ,
               and
               the
               imployments
               of
               the
               subiects
               (
               in
               liew
               of
               readie
               moneies
               )
               becomes
               a
               verie
               great
               part
               of
               the
               price
               which
               is
               paid
               for
               the
               said
               
                 Indian
              
               wares
               ;
               
               which
               cannot
               hurt
               the
               State
               (
               as
               some
               erroniously
               suppose
               )
               but
               greatly
               helpe
               it
               ,
               as
               I
               shal
               better
               proue
               in
               that
               which
               followeth
               .
            
             
               First
               therefore
               ,
               I
               shew
               for
               an
               vndoubted
               truth
               ,
               That
               the
               
                 Persians
                 ,
                 Moores
              
               and
               
                 Indians
                 ,
              
               who
               trade
               with
               the
               
                 Turkes
                 ,
              
               at
               
                 Aleppo
                 ,
                 Mocha
                 ,
              
               and
               
                 Alexandria
                 ,
              
               for
               Raw-silkes
               ,
               Drugs
               ,
               Spices
               ,
               Indico
               and
               Callicoes
               ;
               haue
               alwaies
               made
               ,
               and
               still
               doe
               make
               ,
               their
               returnes
               in
               readie
               monie
               :
               for
               other
               wares
               ,
               there
               are
               but
               few
               which
               they
               desire
               from
               forren
               partes
               ;
               some
               Chamblets
               ,
               Corrall
               ,
               wrought
               silke
               ,
               woollen-cloth
               ,
               with
               some
               trifles
               ,
               they
               doe
               yearely
               vent
               in
               all
               ,
               not
               for
               aboue
               40.
               or
               50.
               thousand
               pounds
               starling
               ;
               
               which
               is
               no
               valuable
               summ
               in
               respect
               of
               that
               wealth
               which
               is
               carried
               from
               
                 Aleppo
              
               and
               
                 Constantinople
              
               into
               
                 Persia
              
               for
               Raw-silkes
               ,
               when
               least
               ,
               500000.
               poundes
               starling
               
                 Per
                 annum
              
               :
               and
               from
               
                 Mocha
              
               about
               600000.
               pounds
               starling
               (
               likewise
               yearely
               into
               
                 India
              
               )
               for
               returne
               of
               Callicoes
               ,
               Drugs
               ,
               Sugar
               ,
               Rice
               ,
               Tobacco
               ,
               and
               diuerse
               other
               things
               .
               So
               here
               is
               still
               a
               very
               great
               Commerce
               maintained
               betweene
               
               those
               Infidels
               ;
               not
               onely
               for
               the
               Callicoes
               of
               many
               sortes
               ,
               and
               other
               wares
               (
               which
               concerne
               their
               owne
               vse
               )
               but
               also
               for
               the
               Raw-silkes
               of
               
                 Persia
                 ,
              
               which
               are
               altogether
               transported
               into
               
                 Christendome
                 .
              
            
             
               How
               worthy
               an
               enterprise
               is
               it
               therefore
               in
               the
               English
               
                 East-India
              
               Companie
               ?
               by
               whose
               endeauours
               ,
               there
               is
               now
               good
               hope
               to
               turne
               a
               great
               part
               of
               this
               wealthy
               Trade
               into
               
                 England
                 ,
              
               by
               shipping
               directlie
               from
               the
               
                 Persian-Gulfe
                 ,
              
               whereby
               the
               imployments
               ,
               
               traffique
               ,
               and
               Customes
               of
               the
               
                 Turkes
                 ,
              
               may
               be
               still
               more
               and
               more
               impaired
               ;
               &
               the
               generall
               Treasure
               of
               
                 Christendome
                 ?
              
               much
               lesse
               consumed
               ;
               as
               is
               alreadie
               performed
               for
               the
               businesse
               of
               Spices
               and
               Indico
               .
            
             
               And
               who
               shall
               then
               doubt
               our
               want
               of
               Siluer
               to
               mainetaine
               the
               Trade
               ?
               if
               by
               this
               way
               wee
               doe
               obtaine
               the
               Silke
               ,
               which
               with
               more
               aduantage
               and
               conueniencie
               ,
               wil
               draw
               the
               money
               to
               this
               Mart
               ,
               then
               it
               hath
               beene
               heeretofore
               conueyed
               vnto
               those
               remote
               dominions
               of
               the
               
                 Turke
                 .
              
            
             
               And
               least
               peraduenture
               it
               should
               be
               thought
               ,
               that
               the
               traffique
               in
               those
               parts
               by
               the
               
                 Christians
              
               for
               the
               
                 Persian
                 Silke
                 ,
              
               is
               performed
               by
               change
               for
               other
               wares
               ,
               or
               by
               the
               money
               which
               proceedeth
               of
               the
               sales
               of
               many
               rich
               commodities
               ,
               which
               yeerely
               they
               sell
               at
               
                 Aleppo
                 ,
                 Alaxandria
                 ,
                 Constantinople
                 ,
              
               and
               these
               parts
               .
            
             
             
               The
               answere
               is
               ,
               that
               neither
               the
               
                 Venetians
                 ;
                 French
                 ,
              
               nor
               
                 Dutche
                 ,
              
               doe
               vent
               so
               much
               of
               their
               owne
               Country
               commodities
               in
               those
               partes
               ,
               as
               doe
               prouide
               their
               necessarie
               wants
               of
               the
               proper
               wares
               of
               
                 Turkes
              
               ▪
               such
               ,
               as
               are
               the
               fine
               Raw-silke
               ,
               made
               in
               
                 Soria
                 ,
              
               Chamblets
               ,
               Grogerans
               ,
               Cotten-woolles
               ,
               
               Cotten-yarne
               ,
               Gaules
               ,
               Flax
               ,
               Hempe
               ,
               Fleece-woolls
               ,
               Rice
               ,
               Hides
               ,
               Waxe
               ,
               &
               diuerse
               other
               things
               ;
               so
               that
               still
               the
               raw-silkes
               of
               
                 Persia
                 ,
              
               must
               be
               bought
               with
               ready
               mony
               .
               Only
               the
               
                 English
              
               haue
               more
               aduantage
               then
               any
               other
               Nation
               in
               this
               kinde
               ,
               for
               they
               vent
               so
               great
               a
               quantitie
               of
               broade-cloathes
               ,
               tinne
               ,
               and
               other
               
                 English
              
               commodities
               ,
               that
               the
               proceede
               thereof
               ,
               doth
               not
               only
               prouide
               a
               sufficient
               quantitie
               of
               part
               of
               the
               sayd
               
                 Turkish
              
               wares
               (
               which
               fit
               their
               vse
               ,
               )
               but
               also
               a
               proportion
               of
               about
               300.
               great
               balles
               of
               
                 Persia
              
               Raw-silke
               yearely
               .
            
             
               And
               if
               in
               any
               yeare
               ,
               they
               chance
               to
               buy
               a
               greater
               quantitie
               of
               silke
               ,
               then
               must
               and
               do
               they
               furnish
               the
               same
               in
               ready
               monies
               from
               the
               
                 Portes
              
               of
               
                 Marcellis
                 ,
                 Genouay
                 ,
                 Ligorne
                 ,
                 Venice
                 ,
              
               or
               the
               
                 Netherlandes
                 .
              
               Neither
               are
               these
               the
               onely
               meanes
               ,
               whereby
               the
               
                 Empire
              
               of
               the
               
                 Turke
              
               is
               so
               abundantly
               stored
               with
               God
               and
               Siluer
               ,
               to
               the
               performance
               of
               the
               
                 Indian-trade
                 .
              
               For
               ,
               many
               are
               the
               
                 Christian
              
               shippes
               ,
               which
               yearely
               lade
               with
               corne
               for
               ready
               monies
               in
               the
               
                 Archipelago
              
               ;
               Great
               is
               
               the
               commerce
               from
               
                 Poland
                 ,
                 Hungarie
                 ,
              
               and
               
                 Germany
                 ,
              
               
               with
               Gold
               and
               
                 Dollers
                 ,
              
               for
               Chamblets
               ,
               Grogerans
               ,
               and
               other
               things
               :
               But
               that
               which
               is
               very
               remarkable
               ,
               is
               the
               great
               quantitie
               of
               gold
               &
               some
               siluer
               coyned
               in
               
                 Grand-Cairo
                 ,
              
               which
               by
               two
               seuerall
               
                 Carrauans
              
               (
               in
               bullion
               )
               is
               yearely
               brought
               thither
               from
               the
               
                 Abissians
              
               countrie
               in
               
                 Ethiopia
                 ,
              
               for
               returne
               of
               many
               rich
               commodities
               ,
               as
               Veluets
               ,
               Sattens
               ,
               Cloth
               of
               Gold
               ,
               Taffaties
               ,
               Woollen-cloath
               :
               polished
               Corrall
               ,
               and
               other
               things
               .
            
             
               Thus
               by
               the
               coherence
               of
               the
               
                 Turkish-Trade
              
               with
               the
               
                 Christians
                 ,
                 Persians
              
               and
               
                 Indians
                 ,
              
               I
               haue
               shewed
               both
               the
               manner
               and
               the
               meanes
               ,
               whereby
               the
               
                 East-Indians
              
               wares
               haue
               beene
               heretofore
               ,
               and
               yet
               are
               ,
               in
               part
               ,
               procured
               into
               
                 Christendome
                 .
              
               But
               least
               it
               should
               seeme
               incredible
               ,
               that
               the
               
                 Turke
              
               would
               let
               so
               great
               a
               Masse
               of
               Treasure
               yeerly
               to
               passe
               his
               Dominions
               ,
               to
               the
               
                 Indians
              
               and
               to
               the
               
                 Persians
              
               his
               professed
               enemies
               :
               I
               will
               make
               the
               matter
               yet
               more
               plaine
               .
            
             
               And
               First
               ,
               concerning
               the
               Raw-silkes
               ,
               it
               is
               alreadie
               shewed
               ,
               that
               hee
               hath
               the
               money
               from
               the
               
                 Christians
                 ,
              
               besides
               the
               benefit
               he
               reapeth
               in
               their
               customes
               ,
               with
               great
               imployments
               also
               for
               his
               Subiects
               .
               And
               for
               the
               Callicoes
               (
               his
               whole
               
                 Empire
              
               hauing
               litle
               or
               no
               other
               meanes
               for
               Linnen
               )
               he
               cannot
               possibly
               be
               without
               them
               ,
               
               although
               it
               hath
               ,
               &
               doth
               greatly
               exhaust
               his
               treasure
               ,
               
               neither
               doth
               hee
               gaine
               any
               manufacture
               by
               the
               same
               ,
               as
               the
               
                 Christians
              
               haue
               alwayes
               done
               by
               the
               Raw-silke
               ,
               to
               the
               great
               reliefe
               of
               innumerable
               poore
               people
               ,
               so
               much
               prouided
               for
               ,
               by
               the
               pollicie
               of
               all
               well
               gouerned
               and
               flourishing
               common-wealths
               ;
               As
               by
               this
               occasion
               ,
               
               and
               in
               a
               businesse
               of
               the
               like
               kind
               ,
               I
               may
               instance
               the
               States
               of
               
                 Genouay
                 ,
                 Florence
                 ,
              
               and
               
                 Luca
              
               ;
               who
               for
               the
               maintenance
               of
               Artes
               and
               Trade
               ,
               doe
               prouide
               Raw-silkes
               out
               of
               
                 Sicilia
              
               for
               the
               value
               of
               500000.
               poundes
               starling
               at
               least
               yearelie
               ;
               and
               for
               the
               payment
               thereof
               they
               doe
               vent
               at
               
                 Naples
                 ,
                 Palermo
                 ,
                 Messina
                 ,
              
               and
               those
               parts
               ,
               a
               certaine
               quantitie
               of
               
                 Florence
              
               ▪
               Rashes
               and
               some
               other
               wares
               ,
               for
               about
               150000.
               pounds
               starling
               
                 per
                 annum
              
               ;
               So
               the
               rest
               ,
               
               being
               350000.
               l.
               sterling
               ,
               is
               supplyed
               all
               in
               readie
               moneies
               ;
               which
               treasure
               they
               doe
               willingly
               forsake
               ,
               to
               procure
               their
               Trade
               ;
               for
               experience
               hath
               taught
               them
               that
               Trade
               is
               their
               imployment
               ,
               and
               doth
               returne
               them
               treasure
               ;
               for
               by
               those
               silkes
               (
               being
               wrought
               ,
               transported
               and
               sould
               at
               
                 Franckforde
              
               and
               other
               Marts
               )
               they
               haue
               the
               better
               meanes
               ,
               to
               furnish
               their
               contracts
               with
               the
               King
               of
               
                 Spaine
              
               in
               
                 Flanders
              
               ;
               and
               so
               from
               
                 Spaine
              
               the
               Siluer
               must
               returne
               againe
               to
               
                 Italy
                 .
              
               But
               if
               I
               should
               runne
               out
               in
               this
               and
               other
               particulars
               (
               fiting
               our
               purpose
               )
               it
               would
               make
               me
               too
               tedious
               ,
               and
               so
               carrie
               me
               
               beyond
               my
               ayme
               ,
               which
               is
               to
               be
               briefe
               .
            
             
               Wherefore
               ,
               I
               will
               proceede
               to
               cleare
               some
               doubts
               ,
               in
               those
               men
               ,
               who
               perhaps
               not
               hauing
               the
               knowledge
               of
               occurrents
               in
               forren
               partes
               ,
               might
               thinke
               ,
               that
               neither
               
                 Venice
                 ,
              
               nor
               
                 Marcellis
              
               haue
               the
               meanes
               or
               yet
               the
               mindes
               ,
               to
               exporte
               such
               great
               Sommes
               of
               readie
               monyes
               ,
               yearely
               out
               of
               those
               Dominions
               ;
               especially
               
                 Marcellis
              
               being
               a
               part
               of
               
                 France
                 ,
              
               where
               neighborhoode
               doth
               daily
               tell
               vs
               ,
               that
               gold
               and
               Siluer
               ,
               may
               not
               be
               conueied
               out
               of
               that
               Kingdome
               ,
               for
               any
               valuable
               Somme
               ,
               more
               then
               is
               permitted
               for
               the
               necessarie
               vse
               of
               Trauellers
               ;
               Yet
               neuerthelesse
               experience
               hath
               likewise
               taught
               vs
               ,
               that
               for
               the
               effecting
               of
               those
               Trades
               (
               whereof
               wee
               now
               speake
               ,
               and
               which
               they
               esteeme
               so
               much
               )
               there
               is
               a
               free
               extraction
               out
               of
               the
               sayd
               places
               ,
               of
               moneyes
               both
               gold
               and
               siluer
               ;
               whereof
               with
               them
               there
               is
               no
               want
               ;
               for
               ,
               the
               sayd
               wares
               doe
               procure
               it
               abundantly
               .
            
             
               
               First
               ,
               to
               
                 Marcellis
                 ,
              
               it
               commeth
               not
               onely
               from
               
                 Genouay
                 ,
                 Ligorne
                 ,
                 Cartagenia
                 ,
                 Malliga
                 ,
              
               and
               many
               other
               
                 Porte
              
               townes
               of
               
                 Spaine
              
               and
               
                 Itally
                 ,
              
               but
               also
               from
               
                 Parris
                 ,
                 Roane
                 ,
                 Sainct
                 Malloes
                 ,
                 Tolouse
                 ,
                 Rochell
                 ,
                 Deepe
                 ,
              
               and
               other
               Cities
               of
               
                 France
              
               ;
               who
               want
               not
               meanes
               to
               haue
               great
               store
               of
               Rialls
               ,
               and
               Dallers
               from
               
                 Spaine
              
               &
               
                 Germany
                 .
              
            
             
             
               And
               in
               like
               manner
               ,
               the
               
                 Venetians
              
               distributing
               the
               sayd
               Raw-silkes
               ,
               and
               other
               wares
               into
               the
               seuerall
               States
               of
               
                 Itally
                 ,
                 Germany
                 ,
              
               and
               
                 Hungaria
                 ,
              
               (
               who
               haue
               but
               few
               commodities
               fitting
               their
               barter
               or
               exchange
               :
               but
               onely
               monyes
               )
               are
               therewith
               aboundantly
               serued
               ;
               For
               the
               mynes
               of
               
                 Hungarie
              
               and
               
                 Germany
              
               affoord
               good
               quantitie
               of
               Gold
               and
               Siluer
               ;
               And
               likewise
               the
               States
               of
               
                 Itally
                 ,
              
               especiallie
               
                 Genouay
                 ,
                 Florence
                 ,
              
               and
               
                 Millane
                 ,
              
               haue
               euer
               store
               of
               
                 Rialls
              
               out
               of
               
                 Spaine
              
               in
               satisfaction
               of
               many
               great
               disbursments
               ,
               which
               those
               Merchantes
               make
               for
               that
               King
               in
               his
               occasions
               of
               
                 Itally
              
               and
               
                 Flanders
              
               ;
               
               of
               all
               which
               ,
               I
               might
               make
               a
               large
               discourse
               ,
               but
               I
               conceaue
               I
               haue
               sayd
               sufficient
               ,
               to
               shew
               how
               the
               trade
               of
               the
               
                 East
                 Indies
              
               hath
               beene
               ,
               and
               now
               is
               brought
               into
               
                 Christendome
              
               generally
               :
               what
               money
               is
               yearely
               sent
               out
               ;
               by
               whom
               ;
               and
               the
               possibilitie
               ,
               or
               meanes
               which
               they
               haue
               to
               performe
               it
               .
               I
               will
               therefore
               in
               the
               next
               place
               ,
               satisfie
               the
               
                 Obiections
              
               ;
               that
               it
               is
               not
               the
               
                 East-India
              
               Trade
               ,
               which
               wasteth
               the
               Gold
               ,
               and
               Siluer
               ,
               Coyne
               ,
               or
               other
               treasure
               of
               this
               kingdome
               in
               particular
               .
            
             
               For
               first
               ,
               who
               knoweth
               not
               ,
               
               that
               gold
               in
               the
               
                 East-Indies
              
               hath
               no
               ratable
               price
               with
               Siluer
               ?
               Neither
               hath
               the
               Siluer
               coyne
               of
               
                 England
              
               any
               equall
               value
               with
               
               the
               
                 Spanish
              
               Rialls
               according
               to
               their
               seuerall
               prizes
               here
               ,
               Besides
               that
               ,
               his
               Maiestie
               hath
               not
               authorized
               the
               
                 East-India
              
               Companie
               ,
               to
               send
               away
               any
               part
               of
               this
               kingdomes
               Coyne
               either
               Gold
               ,
               or
               Siluer
               ,
               but
               onely
               a
               certaine
               limited
               summe
               of
               forren
               Siluer
               yearlie
               ;
               which
               as
               they
               dare
               not
               exceede
               ,
               so
               neuer
               haue
               they
               as
               yet
               accomplished
               the
               same
               .
            
             
               For
               it
               doth
               plainely
               appeare
               in
               their
               bookes
               ;
               that
               from
               the
               originall
               and
               first
               foundation
               of
               the
               Trade
               ,
               
               in
               
                 Anno
              
               1601.
               vntill
               the
               moneth
               of
               
                 Iuly
                 ,
                 Anno
              
               1620.
               they
               haue
               shipped
               away
               onely
               548090.
               l.
               sterling
               in
               
                 Spanish
                 Rialls
                 ,
              
               and
               some
               Dollers
               ;
               whereas
               ,
               by
               licence
               ,
               they
               might
               haue
               exported
               in
               that
               time
               720000.
               l.
               sterling
               .
            
             
               Also
               they
               haue
               laden
               away
               in
               the
               same
               tearme
               of
               xix
               yeares
               ,
               out
               of
               this
               Kindgome
               292286.
               l.
               sterling
               in
               Broad-clothes
               ,
               Kersies
               ,
               Lead
               ,
               Tinne
               ,
               with
               some
               other
               
                 English
              
               and
               forren
               commodities
               ;
               which
               is
               a
               good
               Addition
               ;
               and
               vent
               of
               our
               wares
               ,
               into
               such
               remote
               places
               ;
               where
               heretofore
               they
               haue
               had
               no
               vtterance
               at
               all
               .
            
             
               
               And
               note
               ,
               I
               pray
               you
               ,
               how
               time
               and
               industrie
               ,
               hath
               bettered
               this
               Trade
               ,
               when
               in
               the
               last
               three
               yeares
               ,
               there
               hath
               beene
               sent
               more
               wares
               to
               the
               
                 Indies
                 ,
              
               then
               in
               the
               xvi
               .
               yeares
               before
               ;
               and
               yet
               our
               expectation
               
               is
               not
               at
               the
               highest
               ,
               for
               those
               new
               borne
               Trades
               within
               the
               
                 Red
                 Sea
                 ,
              
               and
               in
               the
               
                 Persian
                 Gulfe
                 ,
              
               doe
               bid
               vs
               hope
               for
               better
               things
               ,
               as
               lately
               by
               letters
               from
               
                 Spahan
                 ,
              
               we
               vnderstand
               of
               great
               quantity
               of
               Raw
               silke
               prepared
               by
               the
               
                 English
              
               factors
               ,
               which
               (
               by
               Gods
               assistance
               )
               wee
               may
               expect
               here
               about
               the
               Moneth
               of
               
                 August
              
               next
               ,
               with
               encouragement
               also
               ,
               to
               vent
               our
               
                 English
              
               cloth
               ,
               and
               Kersies
               in
               good
               quantities
               ;
               the
               like
               of
               Iron
               ,
               Tinne
               ,
               and
               other
               things
               ;
               whereof
               experience
               (
               of
               those
               alreadie
               sould
               )
               hath
               giuen
               vs
               sufficient
               approbation
               of
               their
               valliditie
               .
            
             
               And
               now
               (
               omitting
               much
               matter
               which
               might
               be
               written
               touching
               the
               discoueries
               of
               other
               Trades
               from
               one
               Kingdome
               or
               port
               to
               another
               ,
               in
               the
               
                 Indies
              
               :
               
               with
               the
               commodities
               thereof
               ,
               whereby
               the
               imployment
               of
               our
               shippes
               ,
               together
               with
               the
               stocke
               of
               money
               and
               goodes
               which
               is
               sent
               out
               of
               
                 England
              
               in
               them
               ,
               may
               be
               much
               increased
               )
               I
               will
               draw
               to
               a
               conclusion
               of
               the
               point
               in
               hand
               ;
               and
               shewe
               ,
               
               that
               whatsoeuer
               Summes
               of
               forren
               readie
               monyes
               are
               yearely
               sent
               from
               hence
               into
               the
               
                 East-Indies
                 ,
              
               His
               Maiestie
               in
               the
               letters
               
                 Pattents
              
               graunted
               to
               that
               Company
               ,
               hath
               notwithstanding
               with
               singular
               Care
               prouided
               ,
               
               that
               the
               brethren
               of
               the
               Company
               ,
               shall
               yearely
               bring
               in
               as
               much
               siluer
               ,
               as
               they
               send
               
               forth
               ;
               
               which
               hath
               beene
               alwayes
               truly
               performed
               ,
               with
               an
               ouerplus
               ,
               to
               the
               increase
               of
               this
               Kingdomes
               treasure
               :
               Neither
               is
               it
               likelie
               ,
               that
               the
               money
               which
               is
               thus
               contracted
               for
               ,
               by
               the
               Companie
               at
               certaine
               prices
               ,
               and
               to
               be
               deliuered
               them
               at
               times
               appointed
               ,
               would
               bee
               otherwise
               brought
               into
               
                 England
                 ,
              
               but
               onely
               by
               vertue
               and
               performance
               of
               the
               said
               contracts
               ;
               for
               ,
               without
               this
               assurance
               of
               Vent
               ,
               together
               with
               a
               good
               price
               for
               the
               said
               monyes
               ,
               the
               Merchants
               would
               vndoubtedly
               make
               their
               returnes
               in
               other
               wares
               ;
               
               the
               vse
               and
               extraordinarie
               consume
               whereof
               ,
               would
               be
               found
               lesse
               profitable
               to
               the
               Common-wealth
               ,
               when
               the
               matter
               should
               be
               duly
               considered
               ,
               as
               I
               shall
               yet
               further
               endeauour
               to
               demonstrate
               .
            
             
               And
               here
               I
               will
               suppose
               ,
               That
               the
               
                 East-India
              
               Company
               may
               shippe
               out
               yearely
               100000.
               
                 
                   l
                
              
               starling
               (
               more
               or
               lesse
               )
               as
               occasion
               may
               be
               offered
               ;
               yet
               it
               is
               most
               certaine
               ,
               that
               the
               Trade
               being
               thus
               driuen
               ,
               with
               such
               sums
               of
               ready
               moneys
               ,
               it
               wil
               not
               decay
               but
               rather
               much
               increase
               the
               treasure
               of
               the
               kingdome
               :
               which
               to
               proue
               ,
               I
               will
               briefely
               set
               downe
               ,
               the
               substance
               of
               the
               
                 English
              
               Trade
               vnto
               the
               
                 East-Indies
                 ,
              
               concerning
               the
               quantitie
               of
               the
               seuerall
               sortes
               of
               wares
               ,
               to
               be
               yearely
               bought
               there
               and
               sould
               here
               :
               with
               the
               vsual
               prices
               giuen
               for
               them
               in
               both
               places
               .
               And
               
               first
               ,
               I
               will
               beginne
               with
               their
               Coste
               and
               charges
               laden
               cleare
               aboard
               the
               shippes
               in
               the
               
                 East-Indies
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 
                   In
                   the
                   East-Indies
                   .
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     
                       
                         l.
                         
                      
                    
                  
                   
                     
                       s̄
                       .
                    
                  
                   
                     
                       
                         d.
                         
                      
                    
                  
                
                 
                   
                     2500000.
                     
                       
                         ll
                         .
                      
                    
                     of
                     Pepper
                     at
                     2.
                     
                       
                         d.
                      
                       ob
                    
                     .
                     the
                     pound
                  
                   
                     26041
                  
                   
                     13
                  
                   
                     04
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     150000.
                     of
                     Cloues
                     at
                     9.
                     
                       
                         d.
                      
                    
                     the
                     pound
                     .
                  
                   
                     5626
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                
                 
                   
                     150000.
                     of
                     Nutmegs
                     at
                     4.
                     
                       
                         d.
                      
                    
                     the
                     pound
                     .
                  
                   
                     2500
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                
                 
                   
                     50000.
                     of
                     Mace
                     at
                     8.
                     
                       
                         d.
                      
                    
                     the
                     pound
                     .
                  
                   
                     1666
                  
                   
                     13
                  
                   
                     04
                  
                
                 
                   
                     200000.
                     of
                     Indico
                     at
                     14.
                     
                       
                         d.
                      
                    
                     the
                     pound
                     .
                  
                   
                     11666
                  
                   
                     13
                  
                   
                     04
                  
                
                 
                   
                     107140.
                     of
                     China
                     Raw
                     silkes
                     at
                     7.
                     
                       s̄
                       .
                    
                     the
                     poūd
                     .
                  
                   
                     37499
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                
                 
                   
                     50000.
                     of
                     Callicoes
                     of
                     seuerall
                     sorts
                     ,
                     rated
                     at
                     7.
                     
                       s̄
                       .
                    
                     the
                     peece
                     one
                     with
                     another
                     .
                  
                   
                     15000
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     100000
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                
              
            
             
               All
               the
               sayd
               Merchandize
               haue
               bin
               often
               experiēced
               ,
               or
               bought
               at
               or
               about
               the
               prices
               aboue
               written
               ;
               and
               we
               do
               hope
               for
               our
               parts
               (
               besides
               the
               Trade
               of
               Raw-silkes
               from
               
                 Persia
              
               )
               yearely
               ,
               to
               lade
               from
               the
               
                 Indies
                 ,
              
               such
               quantitie
               of
               the
               seuerall
               sortes
               of
               wares
               as
               are
               here
               set
               downe
               (
               if
               it
               shall
               please
               his
               Maiestie
               ,
               to
               protect
               and
               defend
               vs
               concerning
               
               the
               Articles
               of
               agreement
               made
               with
               the
               
                 Dutche
                 ,
              
               that
               they
               may
               not
               violate
               any
               of
               them
               to
               our
               hindrance
               or
               damage
               )
               all
               which
               wares
               in
               
                 England
              
               will
               yeelde
               (
               as
               I
               doe
               conceaue
               )
               the
               prizes
               hereafter
               following
               ,
               
                 Viz.
                 
              
               
                 
                   In
                   England
                   .
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     
                       
                         l
                      
                    
                  
                   
                     
                       s̄
                    
                  
                   
                     
                       
                         d
                      
                    
                  
                
                 
                   
                     2500000.
                     
                       
                         ll
                         .
                      
                    
                     of
                     Pepper
                     at
                     20.
                     
                       
                         d.
                      
                    
                     the
                     pound
                     .
                  
                   
                     208333
                  
                   
                     06
                  
                   
                     08
                  
                
                 
                   
                     150000.
                     of
                     Cloues
                     at
                     6.
                     
                       s̄
                       .
                    
                     the
                     pound
                     .
                  
                   
                     45000
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                
                 
                   
                     150000.
                     of
                     Nutmegs
                     at
                     2.
                     
                       s̄
                    
                     6.
                     
                       
                         d.
                      
                    
                     the
                     pound
                     .
                  
                   
                     18750
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                
                 
                   
                     50000.
                     of
                     Mace
                     at
                     6.
                     
                       s̄
                    
                     the
                     pound
                     .
                  
                   
                     15000
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                
                 
                   
                     200000.
                     of
                     Indico
                     at
                     5.
                     
                       s̄
                       .
                    
                     the
                     pound
                     .
                  
                   
                     50000
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                
                 
                   
                     107140.
                     of
                     China
                     Raw-silkes
                     at
                     20.
                     
                       s̄
                       .
                    
                     the
                     pound
                     .
                  
                   
                     107140
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                
                 
                   
                     50000.
                     peeces
                     of
                     Callicoes
                     of
                     seuerall
                     sorts
                     ,
                     rated
                     at
                     20.
                     
                       s̄
                       .
                    
                     the
                     peece
                     one
                     with
                     another
                     .
                  
                   
                     50000
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     494223
                  
                   
                     06
                  
                   
                     08
                  
                
              
            
             
               
               So
               that
               here
               would
               be
               our
               owne
               money
               againe
               ;
               and
               more
               ,
               the
               somme
               of
               394223.
               
                 
                   l.
                
              
               06.
               
                 s̄
                 .
              
               08.
               
                 
                   d.
                
              
               aduanced
               towards
               the
               generall
               
               stocke
               of
               the
               Kingdome
               .
               For
               although
               the
               
                 East-India
              
               company
               shall
               disburse
               the
               greatest
               part
               of
               the
               sayde
               somme
               aduanced
               vnto
               his
               Maiestie
               for
               custome
               and
               impost
               ;
               
               and
               also
               vnto
               the
               Factors
               ,
               Officers
               ,
               and
               Marriners
               ,
               for
               wages
               ,
               together
               with
               the
               cost
               of
               shipping
               Victualls
               ,
               Munitions
               ,
               Assurance
               and
               the
               like
               ;
               yet
               all
               these
               (
               the
               Materialls
               of
               shipping
               only
               excepted
               )
               are
               but
               transmutations
               and
               no
               consumption
               of
               the
               Kingdomes
               stocke
               .
            
             
               But
               if
               any
               man
               obiect
               ,
               and
               say
               ,
               that
               the
               sayd
               commodities
               being
               brought
               into
               
                 England
              
               (
               as
               is
               before
               written
               )
               they
               are
               either
               consumed
               in
               the
               land
               ,
               or
               being
               transported
               into
               forren
               partes
               ,
               they
               are
               changed
               into
               other
               wares
               ;
               So
               that
               still
               we
               want
               our
               100000.
               l.
               in
               readie
               money
               :
            
             
               1
               The
               answere
               is
               ;
               first
               ,
               that
               in
               the
               occasion
               of
               this
               dispute
               ,
               wee
               must
               conceaue
               the
               sayd
               wares
               to
               be
               of
               no
               vse
               for
               this
               kingdom
               ,
               but
               onely
               for
               so
               much
               ,
               as
               doe
               concerne
               the
               Trade
               thereof
               .
            
             
               2
               And
               Secondly
               ,
               in
               the
               said
               Trade
               ,
               wee
               must
               consider
               ,
               that
               although
               the
               said
               goodes
               be
               sent
               out
               ,
               and
               returned
               home
               in
               other
               wares
               from
               forren
               partes
               ;
               yet
               still
               ,
               they
               are
               negotiated
               to
               the
               increase
               of
               the
               said
               stocke
               ,
               and
               for
               the
               imployment
               of
               the
               Subiects
               .
            
             
               Lastly
               ,
               if
               there
               be
               a
               resolution
               to
               determine
               
               and
               end
               the
               businesse
               :
               who
               doubteth
               ,
               that
               the
               whole
               value
               ,
               
               may
               not
               be
               presentlie
               returned
               hither
               in
               readie
               moneyes
               ?
               For
               in
               
                 Italy
                 ,
                 Turkey
                 ,
              
               and
               other
               places
               ,
               where
               they
               are
               most
               vendible
               to
               profit
               ,
               there
               likewise
               is
               the
               money
               free
               to
               be
               exported
               at
               all
               times
               and
               by
               whomsoeuer
               .
            
             
               And
               as
               it
               is
               most
               certen
               ,
               that
               some
               other
               Merchandize
               ,
               sent
               out
               of
               this
               Kingdome
               were
               the
               meanes
               to
               bring
               in
               the
               100000.
               l.
               in
               readie
               moneyes
               ,
               
               which
               is
               here
               supposed
               to
               be
               sent
               and
               imployed
               in
               the
               
                 East-Indies
              
               (
               as
               aforesaid
               )
               so
               likewise
               ,
               there
               is
               the
               same
               power
               in
               these
               
                 Indian
              
               wares
               ,
               to
               procure
               other
               sommes
               of
               ready
               moneyes
               ,
               to
               be
               brought
               into
               this
               kingdome
               :
               For
               let
               no
               man
               doubt
               ,
               but
               that
               money
               doth
               attend
               Merchandize
               ,
               for
               money
               is
               the
               prize
               of
               wares
               ,
               and
               wares
               are
               the
               proper
               vse
               of
               money
               ;
               so
               that
               their
               Coherence
               is
               vnseparable
               .
               
               And
               if
               the
               
                 French
              
               and
               the
               
                 Venetians
                 ,
              
               made
               any
               doubt
               of
               this
               ,
               they
               would
               not
               so
               willingly
               permit
               the
               vallue
               of
               600000.
               l.
               sterling
               ,
               or
               more
               in
               
                 Spanish
                 Rialls
              
               and
               
                 Dollers
                 ,
              
               yearely
               to
               be
               carried
               out
               of
               their
               Dominions
               into
               
                 Turkey
              
               :
               whereof
               three
               quarter
               partes
               at
               least
               are
               imployed
               ,
               onely
               for
               the
               buying
               of
               
                 Persia
              
               Raw-silkes
               ,
               which
               commoditie
               doth
               presently
               enable
               them
               with
               readie
               money
               from
               diuerse
               other
               States
               to
               performe
               the
               Trade
               ;
               whereby
               their
               wealth
               doth
               
               much
               increase
               ,
               
               and
               their
               people
               are
               greatly
               imployed
               .
               So
               to
               conclude
               this
               point
               ,
               I
               will
               onely
               add
               ,
               that
               the
               
                 East-India
                 Trade
              
               alone
               (
               although
               it
               be
               driuen
               in
               no
               amplier
               manner
               then
               is
               afore
               written
               )
               is
               a
               meanes
               to
               bring
               more
               treasure
               into
               this
               Realme
               then
               al
               the
               other
               trades
               of
               this
               kingdome
               (
               as
               they
               are
               now
               mannaged
               )
               being
               put
               together
               .
            
             
               For
               if
               the
               rule
               be
               true
               ,
               
               that
               when
               the
               value
               of
               our
               commodyties
               exported
               doth
               ouer-ballance
               the
               worth
               of
               all
               those
               forraigne
               wares
               which
               are
               imported
               and
               consumed
               in
               this
               kingdome
               ,
               then
               the
               remaynder
               of
               our
               stock
               which
               is
               sent
               forth
               ,
               must
               of
               necessitie
               returne
               to
               vs
               in
               Treasure
               .
               I
               am
               confident
               that
               vpon
               a
               diligent
               and
               true
               inquiry
               it
               wil
               be
               found
               ,
               that
               the
               ouerballance
               of
               all
               our
               other
               Trades
               together
               will
               not
               amount
               vnto
               so
               great
               a
               summe
               of
               money
               as
               the
               
                 East-India
              
               Trade
               alone
               doth
               ouer
               ballance
               in
               this
               kinde
               .
            
             
               And
               to
               make
               the
               matter
               yet
               more
               plaine
               ,
               
               whereas
               it
               is
               already
               said
               that
               100000.
               l.
               in
               money
               exported
               may
               import
               about
               the
               value
               of
               500000.
               poundes
               sterling
               ,
               in
               wares
               from
               the
               
                 East-Indies
                 ,
              
               wee
               must
               vnderstand
               that
               part
               thereof
               to
               bee
               properly
               called
               our
               importation
               that
               this
               Realme
               doth
               cōsume
               ,
               which
               is
               about
               the
               value
               of
               120000.
               pounds
               sterling
               yeerely
               .
               So
               the
               remainder
               being
               380000.
               l.
               is
               matter
               exported
               vnto
               forraine
               
               partes
               in
               the
               nature
               of
               our
               Cloath
               ,
               Lead
               ,
               Tinne
               ,
               or
               any
               other
               natiue
               cōmodities
               ,
               to
               the
               great
               increase
               of
               this
               kingdomes
               stocke
               ;
               and
               that
               also
               in
               so
               much
               Treasure
               ,
               so
               farre
               as
               the
               
                 East-India
                 Trade
              
               can
               be
               rightly
               vnderstood
               to
               subsist
               in
               this
               particular
               .
            
             
               
               For
               as
               all
               humane
               actions
               haue
               their
               termination
               and
               endes
               ,
               so
               likewise
               there
               must
               be
               an
               end
               assigned
               vnto
               the
               affayres
               of
               the
               
                 East-Indies
              
               ;
               which
               are
               then
               truely
               sayd
               to
               be
               finished
               ,
               when
               this
               Realme
               is
               serued
               ,
               and
               the
               remaynder
               of
               those
               wares
               which
               are
               sent
               from
               hence
               beyond
               the
               Seas
               ,
               sould
               there
               and
               conuerted
               into
               money
               ;
               which
               likewise
               from
               thence
               may
               be
               brought
               away
               freely
               &
               without
               the
               danger
               of
               Law
               or
               prohibition
               .
            
             
               
               Forasmuch
               therefore
               as
               it
               is
               well
               knowne
               to
               many
               men
               ,
               that
               monyes
               are
               thus
               procured
               by
               the
               Sales
               of
               
                 Indian
              
               wares
               to
               profit
               ,
               in
               the
               partes
               of
               
                 Turkey
                 ,
              
               and
               at
               
                 Ligorne
                 ,
                 Genoway
                 ,
              
               the
               Netherlands
               ,
               
                 Marcellis
                 ,
              
               and
               other
               places
               :
               yet
               notwithstanding
               if
               all
               the
               said
               coine
               ,
               or
               any
               part
               thereof
               should
               be
               diuerted
               from
               this
               Realme
               by
               some
               other
               new
               imployments
               or
               affaires
               ,
               it
               must
               neuerthelesse
               be
               granted
               ,
               that
               the
               sayd
               
                 India
              
               wares
               had
               their
               finall
               end
               in
               moncies
               .
               But
               I
               will
               cease
               to
               heape
               vp
               any
               more
               arguments
               ,
               to
               proue
               a
               matter
               which
               is
               alreadie
               made
               so
               plaine
               ;
               wherefore
               leauing
               this
               Obiection
               ,
               I
               will
               endeauour
               to
               giue
               Answere
               to
               the
               next
               .
            
          
        
         
           
           
             The
             second
             Obiection
             .
          
           
             The
             timber
             ,
             Plancke
             ,
             and
             other
             materialls
             ,
             for
             making
             of
             shipping
             ,
             is
             exceedinglie
             Wasted
             ,
             and
             made
             dearer
             ,
             by
             the
             building
             of
             so
             many
             great
             Shippes
             ,
             as
             are
             yearely
             sent
             to
             Trade
             in
             the
             
               East-Indies
               ;
            
             and
             yet
             the
             State
             hath
             no
             vse
             of
             any
             of
             them
             vpon
             occasion
             ;
             For
             either
             they
             are
             not
             here
             ;
             or
             else
             they
             come
             home
             verie
             weake
             ,
             and
             vnseruiceable
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Answere
               .
            
             
               THis
               
                 East-India
              
               Trade
               seemeth
               to
               be
               borne
               and
               brought
               vp
               an
               Vnthrift
               ,
               for
               it
               wasteth
               and
               consumeth
               all
               ;
               Neither
               doth
               it
               good
               to
               any
               .
            
             
               
                 But
                 the
                 Obiection
                 ,
                 in
                 some
                 part
                 is
                 verie
                 weake
                 :
              
               
                 And
                 in
                 the
                 rest
                 it
                 is
                 mistaken
                 .
              
            
             
               For
               first
               ,
               
               concerning
               the
               weakenesse
               thereof
               ;
               would
               men
               haue
               vs
               to
               keepe
               our
               woods
               and
               goodly
               trees
               to
               looke
               vpon
               ?
               they
               might
               aswell
               forbid
               the
               working
               of
               our
               woolls
               ,
               &
               sending
               forth
               our
               cloth
               to
               forren
               partes
               ;
               for
               
               both
               are
               meanes
               alike
               ,
               to
               procure
               the
               necessarie
               wares
               ,
               which
               this
               Kingdome
               wanteth
               .
               Doe
               they
               not
               knowe
               that
               trees
               doe
               liue
               and
               growe
               ▪
               and
               being
               great
               ,
               they
               haue
               a
               time
               to
               dye
               and
               rot
               ,
               if
               oportunitie
               make
               no
               better
               vse
               of
               them
               ?
               and
               what
               more
               noble
               or
               profitable
               vse
               then
               goodly
               Shipps
               for
               Trade
               &
               warre
               ?
               are
               they
               not
               our
               barnes
               for
               wealth
               and
               plentie
               ,
               seruing
               as
               walles
               and
               Bulwarkes
               for
               our
               peace
               and
               happines
               ?
               Doe
               not
               their
               yearely
               buildings
               maintaine
               many
               hundred
               poore
               people
               ,
               and
               greatlie
               increase
               the
               number
               of
               those
               Artesmen
               which
               are
               so
               needfull
               for
               this
               common
               wealth
               ?
            
             
               
               And
               is
               not
               all
               this
               good
               performed
               also
               (
               with
               great
               prouidence
               )
               by
               bringing
               in
               yearelie
               store
               of
               Tymber
               ,
               and
               other
               prouisions
               from
               
                 Ireland
              
               ?
               Why
               then
               ,
               where
               is
               the
               great
               wast
               and
               dearnesse
               ?
               I
               am
               sure
               ,
               the
               
                 East-India
              
               Companie
               findes
               it
               not
               ;
               for
               whereas
               they
               doe
               only
               buy
               their
               prouisions
               in
               
                 Hampshire
                 ,
              
               
               
                 Essex
                 ,
                 Kent
                 ,
              
               and
               
                 Barkeshire
                 ,
              
               in
               all
               which
               places
               they
               now
               may
               haue
               both
               Timber
               ,
               Planks
               ,
               Sheathing
               boards
               ,
               Trenalls
               ,
               and
               the
               like
               ,
               both
               for
               goodnes
               and
               price
               ,
               as
               cheape
               (
               yea
               better
               cheape
               )
               then
               they
               haue
               bin
               this
               fifteene
               yeers
               ;
               and
               likewise
               in
               all
               that
               course
               of
               time
               their
               Bookes
               doe
               plainely
               shew
               that
               those
               wares
               haue
               neuer
               varied
               much
               ;
               for
               if
               they
               haue
               risen
               any
               smal
               matter
               in
               one
               yeare
               they
               haue
               fallen
               as
               much
               the
               next
               .
               And
               yet
               I
               
               pray
               you
               obserue
               (
               besides
               the
               
                 East-India
              
               Companies
               buildings
               )
               the
               many
               goodlie
               shippes
               ,
               which
               are
               daily
               made
               for
               other
               priuate
               Merchants
               (
               such
               as
               
                 England
              
               neuer
               had
               before
               :
               )
               &
               that
               which
               is
               most
               remarkable
               ,
               is
               ,
               the
               continuall
               late
               buildings
               of
               his
               Maiestie
               ,
               thereby
               yearely
               adding
               more
               strength
               and
               glory
               of
               great
               Shippes
               ,
               to
               his
               
                 Royall
              
               and
               matchlesse
               
                 Nauy
              
               ;
               so
               that
               ,
               here
               wee
               see
               this
               supposed
               wast
               and
               want
               is
               not
               considerable
               .
            
             
               Yea
               but
               ,
               say
               they
               ,
               
               the
               
                 East-India
              
               Shippes
               are
               neuer
               here
               ,
               to
               serue
               the
               Kingdome
               vpon
               occasion
               :
               Or
               if
               they
               beat
               home
               ,
               they
               are
               weake
               ,
               and
               vnfit
               for
               seruice
               .
            
             
               In
               trade
               of
               Merchandize
               our
               Shippes
               must
               goe
               and
               come
               ,
               they
               are
               not
               made
               to
               stay
               at
               home
               ;
               Yet
               neuerthelesse
               ,
               the
               
                 East-India
              
               companie
               are
               well
               prepared
               at
               all
               times
               ,
               
               to
               serue
               his
               Maiestie
               ,
               and
               his
               Kingdomes
               ,
               with
               many
               warlike
               prouisions
               ,
               which
               they
               alwayes
               keep
               in
               store
               ;
               such
               as
               Timber
               ,
               Plancks
               ,
               Iron-workes
               ,
               Masts
               ,
               Cordage
               ,
               Anchors
               ,
               Caske
               ,
               Ordinance
               ,
               Powder
               ,
               Shot
               ,
               Victualls
               readie
               packed
               ,
               Wine
               ,
               Sider
               ,
               and
               a
               world
               of
               other
               things
               ,
               fitting
               the
               present
               building
               ,
               repairing
               and
               dispatch
               of
               Shippes
               to
               Sea
               ;
               as
               may
               bee
               plentifullie
               seene
               in
               their
               yardes
               and
               store-houses
               at
               
                 Deptforde
                 ,
              
               and
               more
               especiallie
               in
               those
               at
               
                 Blackewalle
              
               ;
               which
               are
               growne
               so
               famous
               ,
               that
               they
               are
               daily
               visited
               &
               viewed
               by
               strangers
               ,
               as
               well
               
                 Embassadors
                 ,
              
               as
               others
               ;
               
               to
               their
               great
               admiration
               of
               his
               Maiesties
               strength
               ,
               
               &
               glorie
               ,
               in
               one
               only
               Company
               of
               his
               Merchants
               ,
               able
               at
               short
               warning
               to
               set
               forth
               a
               fleete
               of
               Ships
               of
               great
               force
               &
               power
               .
            
             
               For
               it
               is
               well
               knowne
               to
               al
               men
               who
               please
               truely
               to
               be
               informed
               ,
               That
               the
               
                 East-India
              
               Companie
               (
               besides
               their
               fleetes
               of
               Shippes
               going
               and
               comming
               &
               also
               abiding
               in
               the
               
                 Indies
                 )
              
               are
               continuallie
               building
               ,
               repairing
               ,
               rigging
               ,
               victualling
               ,
               and
               furnishing
               to
               Sea
               ,
               with
               all
               prouision
               needefull
               for
               such
               a
               long
               voyage
               ,
               some
               7.
               or
               8.
               great
               shippes
               yearelie
               ;
               which
               are
               to
               be
               seene
               at
               an
               Anchor
               in
               the
               Riuer
               of
               
                 Thames
              
               in
               a
               great
               forwardnes
               some
               5.
               or
               .6
               .
               moneths
               together
               ,
               before
               they
               commonly
               depart
               for
               the
               
                 Indies
                 ,
              
               which
               is
               about
               the
               moneth
               of
               
                 March
              
               :
               &
               they
               are
               no
               sooner
               got
               off
               from
               the
               coast
               of
               
                 England
                 ,
              
               but
               shortly
               after
               ,
               is
               the
               season
               of
               our
               ships
               to
               returne
               from
               the
               
                 Indies
              
               ;
               who
               come
               not
               home
               so
               weake
               as
               some
               would
               haue
               them
               ;
               for
               how
               often
               hath
               experience
               bin
               made
               of
               our
               shippes
               which
               haue
               performed
               2.
               or
               .3
               .
               seueral
               voyages
               to
               the
               
                 East-Indies
              
               ?
               Yet
               at
               their
               returne
               ,
               they
               haue
               bin
               indocked
               ,
               
               new
               trimmed
               and
               lanched
               out
               againe
               ,
               fitted
               for
               the
               like
               voyages
               ,
               in
               lesse
               then
               2.
               moneths
               .
               But
               it
               will
               be
               needelesse
               to
               spend
               any
               more
               time
               in
               shewing
               the
               errors
               of
               this
               2.
               
               Obiection
               :
               therfore
               I
               will
               rather
               come
               to
               the
               handling
               of
               that
               which
               followeth
               .
            
          
        
         
           
           
             The
             third
             Obiection
             .
          
           
             The
             voyages
             to
             the
             East
             Indies
             doe
             greatly
             consume
             our
             victuals
             ,
             and
             our
             Marriners
             :
             leauing
             many
             poore
             Widdowes
             and
             Children
             vnrelieued
             ;
             Besides
             ,
             that
             many
             Ships
             are
             yearely
             sent
             forth
             to
             the
             East
             Indies
             ,
             and
             few
             we
             see
             as
             yet
             returned
             ;
             Also
             ,
             this
             Trade
             hath
             greatly
             decayed
             the
             Traffique
             and
             shipping
             ,
             which
             were
             wont
             to
             be
             imployed
             into
             the
             Streights
             :
             And
             yet
             the
             said
             Trade
             to
             the
             East
             Indies
             ,
             is
             found
             very
             vnprofitable
             to
             the
             Aduenturers
             :
             Neither
             doth
             the
             Common-wealth
             finde
             any
             benefit
             by
             the
             cheapenesse
             of
             Spice
             and
             Indico
             ,
             more
             then
             in
             times
             past
             .
          
           
             
               The
               Answer
               .
            
             
               Why
               ,
               what
               a
               world
               of
               mischiefes
               haue
               we
               heere
               ?
            
             
               
                 1.
                 
                 
                   Dearth
                   .
                
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 
                   Mortalitie
                   .
                
              
               
                 3.
                 
                 
                   Destruction
                   .
                
              
               
                 4.
                 
                 
                   Beggerie
                   .
                
              
               
                 5.
                 
                 
                   And
                   neuer
                   a
                   whit
                   the
                   neere
                   .
                
              
            
             
               A
               verie
               Teame
               of
               calamities
               ,
               drawing
               on
               to
               miserie
               ;
               is
               it
               not
               then
               high
               time
               to
               seeke
               a
               remedie
               ?
               yes
               verily
               ,
               and
               it
               will
               be
               easily
               done
               ,
               because
               these
               euils
               neuer
               were
               (
               as
               yet
               at
               least
               )
               procured
               by
               the
               
                 East
                 India
                 Trade
                 ,
              
               as
               I
               shall
               shew
               ,
               by
               answering
               all
               the
               parts
               in
               order
               as
               they
               stand
               :
               and
               first
               of
               
                 Dearth
                 .
              
            
             
               It
               is
               both
               naturall
               and
               iust
               ,
               that
               euery
               Kingdome
               ,
               
               State
               ,
               or
               Common-wealth
               ,
               should
               feede
               and
               
               cherish
               vp
               the
               Natiue
               people
               of
               all
               degrees
               and
               conditions
               whatsoeuer
               ,
               to
               their
               preseruation
               of
               life
               and
               health
               ,
               with
               such
               meanes
               and
               moderation
               ,
               as
               their
               plentie
               shall
               affoord
               ;
               and
               this
               is
               not
               onely
               due
               to
               them
               in
               the
               time
               of
               their
               aboad
               at
               home
               ,
               but
               also
               vpon
               all
               occasions
               of
               voyages
               into
               other
               Countries
               beyond
               the
               Seas
               ,
               wherein
               they
               shall
               be
               imployed
               for
               their
               owne
               maintenance
               ,
               and
               for
               the
               good
               of
               the
               Common-wealth
               .
            
             
               
               Now
               therefore
               concerning
               the
               prouision
               of
               victuals
               (
               which
               in
               this
               Kingdome
               is
               yearely
               prepared
               for
               the
               setting
               forth
               of
               those
               Ships
               which
               saile
               to
               the
               
                 East
                 Indies
                 ,
                 )
              
               it
               is
               well
               knowen
               to
               many
               men
               ,
               that
               it
               is
               alwaies
               proportioned
               ,
               for
               about
               eighteene
               months
               ;
               whereas
               commonly
               the
               voyages
               proue
               a
               yeare
               longer
               ,
               so
               that
               this
               ouer-plus
               of
               time
               ,
               is
               furnished
               with
               the
               victuals
               of
               forreine
               parts
               .
            
             
               And
               likewise
               for
               the
               Bread
               and
               Bisket
               which
               is
               shipped
               from
               hence
               ,
               hath
               it
               not
               alwaies
               beene
               made
               of
               French
               Corne
               ,
               purposly
               brought
               ouer
               hither
               (
               and
               that
               at
               a
               deare
               rate
               )
               onely
               to
               preserue
               the
               plentie
               of
               our
               owne
               graine
               ?
               vntill
               now
               of
               late
               daies
               that
               the
               Farmers
               heere
               beginne
               to
               cry
               out
               and
               say
               ,
               That
               the
               cheapnesse
               of
               Corne
               doth
               disinable
               them
               to
               pay
               their
               deare
               Rents
               :
               Thus
               doe
               the
               
                 East
                 India
              
               Company
               euerie
               way
               accommodate
               their
               proceedings
               for
               the
               good
               of
               the
               Kingdome
               .
            
             
               And
               further
               concerning
               their
               Drinke
               ,
               is
               it
               not
               a
               very
               great
               part
               water
               ?
               Some
               Wine
               and
               Sider
               ,
               and
               but
               little
               Beere
               .
            
             
             
               Also
               the
               Flesh
               they
               eate
               ,
               is
               Beefe
               and
               Porke
               ,
               and
               that
               onely
               for
               three
               daies
               in
               a
               weeke
               ;
               the
               rest
               of
               their
               victuals
               is
               Fish
               ,
               some
               Butter
               ,
               Cheese
               ,
               Pease
               ,
               Oatemale
               ,
               and
               other
               things
               ;
               all
               which
               is
               proportioned
               into
               a
               very
               sparing
               dyet
               to
               euerie
               man
               by
               allowance
               :
               so
               that
               heere
               is
               no
               excesse
               nor
               ryot
               ,
               or
               any
               other
               meanes
               to
               make
               our
               victuals
               scant
               and
               deare
               ,
               as
               is
               by
               some
               erroniously
               supposed
               ;
               but
               rather
               by
               this
               course
               of
               life
               ,
               our
               plentie
               is
               much
               aduanced
               .
               And
               so
               I
               will
               giue
               answer
               to
               the
               next
               part
               which
               is
               mortalitie
               and
               great
               decay
               of
               Marriners
               .
            
             
               The
               life
               of
               man
               is
               so
               pretious
               ,
               
               that
               it
               ought
               not
               lightly
               to
               be
               exposed
               to
               danger
               ;
               And
               yet
               we
               know
               ,
               that
               the
               whole
               course
               of
               our
               life
               ,
               is
               nothing
               but
               a
               passage
               vnto
               Death
               ;
               wherein
               one
               can
               neither
               stay
               nor
               slacke
               his
               pace
               ,
               but
               all
               men
               runne
               in
               one
               manner
               ,
               and
               in
               one
               celeritie
               ;
               The
               shorter
               liuer
               runnes
               his
               course
               no
               faster
               then
               the
               long
               ,
               both
               haue
               a
               like
               passage
               of
               time
               ;
               howbeit
               ,
               the
               first
               hath
               not
               so
               farre
               to
               runne
               as
               the
               later
               .
            
             
               Now
               ,
               it
               is
               this
               length
               of
               life
               which
               Nature
               seekes
               ,
               and
               States
               likewise
               endeauour
               to
               preserue
               in
               worthy
               men
               ;
               but
               none
               are
               accounted
               so
               worthy
               in
               this
               nature
               ,
               saue
               onely
               they
               ,
               who
               labour
               in
               their
               vocations
               and
               functions
               ,
               both
               for
               the
               publique
               good
               ,
               and
               for
               their
               priuate
               benefit
               .
            
             
               Thus
               may
               we
               esteeme
               our
               good
               Marriners
               ,
               
               to
               be
               of
               no
               small
               vse
               vnto
               this
               Common-wealth
               :
               but
               take
               them
               from
               their
               laudable
               and
               accustomed
               imployments
               ,
               for
               want
               of
               voyages
               to
               Sea
               ;
               wee
               see
               what
               desperate
               courses
               they
               doe
               then
               attempt
               ,
               
               by
               ioyning
               ,
               euen
               with
               
                 Turkes
              
               and
               Infidels
               ,
               to
               rob
               and
               spoyle
               all
               Christian
               Nations
               ;
               so
               that
               we
               may
               conclude
               ,
               we
               must
               not
               onely
               breed
               vp
               Marriners
               ,
               but
               also
               seeke
               by
               Trade
               ,
               to
               giue
               them
               maintenance
               .
            
             
               Well
               ,
               all
               this
               is
               true
               ,
               but
               (
               say
               they
               )
               the
               
                 East
                 India
              
               company
               doth
               neither
               breed
               nor
               maintaine
               ,
               but
               destroy
               the
               wonted
               number
               of
               our
               Marriners
               .
            
             
               How
               can
               this
               be
               ,
               when
               it
               is
               most
               certaine
               ,
               that
               
                 England
              
               (
               besides
               the
               
                 East
                 India
              
               fleets
               )
               had
               neuer
               yet
               more
               shipping
               then
               at
               this
               present
               ?
               neither
               do
               any
               of
               them
               stay
               at
               home
               for
               want
               of
               Marriners
               ,
               no
               ,
               not
               at
               this
               time
               ,
               when
               many
               hundred
               Saylers
               are
               employed
               in
               extraordinary
               seruice
               ,
               for
               his
               Maiestie
               in
               a
               Royall
               fleete
               of
               ships
               ,
               now
               at
               Sea
               :
               besides
               those
               great
               numbers
               of
               our
               best
               Marriners
               ,
               which
               haue
               beene
               and
               dayly
               are
               wasted
               and
               taken
               prisoners
               by
               the
               
                 Turkes
              
               ;
               so
               where
               is
               this
               want
               ,
               or
               what
               is
               our
               misery
               more
               then
               the
               want
               of
               true
               information
               in
               them
               that
               are
               so
               ill
               perswaded
               of
               our
               company
               ?
            
             
               Is
               it
               not
               certaine
               ,
               that
               as
               the
               
                 East
                 India
              
               voyages
               are
               long
               ,
               
               so
               likewise
               in
               Natures
               course
               many
               should
               die
               by
               length
               of
               time
               although
               they
               stayd
               at
               home
               ?
               And
               to
               recompence
               the
               losse
               of
               those
               that
               dye
               ,
               doe
               not
               the
               
                 East
                 India
              
               company
               with
               great
               prouidence
               ,
               yearly
               ship
               out
               at
               least
               400.
               
               Landmen
               in
               their
               fleets
               ,
               which
               in
               one
               voyage
               proue
               good
               Marriners
               to
               serue
               the
               Kingdome
               and
               Common
               wealth
               ,
               vnto
               which
               many
               of
               them
               were
               a
               burthen
               before
               they
               obtained
               this
               employment
               ?
               And
               thus
               is
               the
               Kingdome
               purged
               of
               desperate
               and
               vnruly
               people
               ,
               who
               being
               kept
               in
               awe
               by
               the
               good
               discipline
               at
               Sea
               ,
               do
               
               often
               change
               their
               former
               course
               of
               life
               ,
               and
               so
               aduance
               their
               fortunes
               .
            
             
               Neither
               indeed
               are
               these
               voyages
               so
               dangerous
               and
               mortall
               ,
               as
               is
               reported
               ;
               for
               how
               many
               of
               our
               ships
               ,
               haue
               gone
               and
               come
               from
               the
               
                 East
                 Indies
                 ,
              
               without
               the
               losse
               of
               fiue
               men
               in
               a
               hundreth
               ?
               
               Others
               againe
               haue
               had
               worse
               successe
               in
               the
               first
               beginning
               ,
               when
               the
               seasons
               ,
               the
               places
               and
               their
               contagions
               were
               not
               so
               well
               knowne
               vnto
               vs
               ;
               yet
               time
               hath
               taught
               vs
               many
               things
               ,
               both
               for
               the
               preseruation
               of
               health
               ,
               and
               speedier
               performance
               of
               our
               voyage
               thē
               heretofore
               .
               But
               the
               Method
               of
               my
               discourse
               bids
               me
               write
               more
               of
               this
               in
               the
               next
               part
               ,
               which
               is
               destruction
               ;
               and
               this
               I
               must
               diuide
               into
               two
               parts
               .
            
             
               In
               the
               first
               I
               will
               consider
               the
               want
               of
               diuers
               ships
               sent
               to
               the
               
                 East
                 Indies
                 ,
              
               which
               are
               wasted
               there
               .
            
             
               And
               in
               the
               second
               ,
               I
               will
               answer
               the
               supposed
               ouerthrow
               of
               the
               
                 Turkie
              
               trade
               ,
               together
               with
               much
               of
               our
               shipping
               which
               were
               wont
               to
               bee
               employed
               thither
               .
            
             
               First
               therefore
               concerning
               the
               decay
               of
               our
               ships
               in
               the
               
                 Indies
                 ,
              
               it
               cannot
               be
               denyed
               ,
               
               but
               there
               hath
               been
               great
               spoyle
               of
               them
               in
               these
               three
               last
               yeares
               ;
               not
               by
               the
               dangers
               of
               the
               Seas
               ,
               or
               by
               the
               strength
               of
               enemies
               ;
               but
               by
               vnkinde
               and
               vnexspected
               quarrels
               with
               our
               neighbours
               the
               
                 Hollanders
                 ,
              
               who
               haue
               taken
               and
               surprised
               twelue
               of
               our
               ships
               at
               seuerall
               times
               ,
               and
               in
               sundry
               places
               ,
               to
               our
               vnspeakeable
               losse
               and
               hinderance
               ;
               together
               with
               the
               death
               of
               many
               of
               our
               worthyest
               Marriners
               ,
               
               who
               haue
               beene
               slaine
               and
               died
               prisoners
               vnder
               their
               hands
               :
               and
               this
               hath
               so
               much
               the
               more
               〈…〉
               the
               rumour
               of
               
               their
               mortality
               :
               Neither
               list
               I
               here
               to
               aggrauate
               the
               fact
               ,
               more
               thē
               thus
               breifly
               to
               giue
               answer
               to
               the
               obiection
               :
               for
               our
               late
               vnion
               with
               the
               
                 Dutch
                 ,
              
               doth
               promise
               a
               double
               recompence
               of
               gain
               in
               time
               to
               come
               .
            
             
               And
               they
               who
               make
               this
               Trade
               so
               poore
               and
               vnprofitable
               ,
               are
               much
               mistaken
               in
               the
               reckoning
               ;
               for
               the
               present
               losses
               which
               causeth
               many
               aduenturers
               so
               much
               to
               despaire
               ,
               is
               not
               in
               the
               substance
               of
               the
               Trade
               ,
               but
               by
               the
               euill
               accidents
               which
               hane
               befalne
               the
               same
               :
               &
               to
               make
               this
               point
               more
               plain
               ,
               I
               must
               yet
               declare
               some
               other
               particulars
               :
               in
               which
               I
               will
               endeauour
               very
               briefly
               to
               set
               downe
               the
               summe
               of
               the
               whole
               businesse
               ,
               which
               the
               
                 English
              
               hath
               hitherto
               performed
               in
               the
               
                 East
                 Indies
                 .
              
            
             
               First
               ,
               therefore
               I
               doe
               obserue
               that
               since
               the
               beginning
               of
               this
               Trade
               ,
               vntill
               the
               Moneth
               of
               
                 Iuly
              
               last
               
                 Anno
              
               1620.
               
               there
               haue
               beene
               sent
               thither
               79.
               ships
               in
               seuerall
               voyages
               ,
               whereof
               34.
               are
               already
               come
               home
               in
               safety
               richly
               laden
               ,
               4.
               haue
               beene
               worne
               out
               by
               long
               seruice
               ,
               from
               port
               to
               port
               in
               the
               
                 Indies
              
               :
               2.
               were
               ouerwhelmed
               in
               the
               trimming
               there
               :
               6.
               haue
               beene
               cast
               away
               by
               the
               perils
               of
               the
               Seas
               ;
               12.
               haue
               beene
               taken
               and
               surprized
               by
               the
               
                 Dutch
                 ,
              
               whereof
               diuers
               will
               be
               wasted
               ,
               and
               little
               worth
               before
               they
               be
               restored
               :
               and
               21.
               good
               ships
               do
               still
               remaine
               in
               the
               
                 Indies
                 .
              
               So
               this
               is
               a
               true
               account
               of
               our
               ships
               .
            
             
               
               And
               next
               concerning
               our
               stocke
               ,
               it
               is
               a
               certaine
               truth
               ,
               that
               in
               all
               the
               sayde
               ships
               there
               hath
               beene
               sent
               out
               in
               ready
               money
               as
               well
               out
               of
               this
               Realme
               ,
               as
               from
               all
               other
               places
               wheresoeuer
               beyond
               the
               Sea
               (
               which
               hath
               not
               been
               landed
               in
               this
               Kingdom
               )
               the
               vallue
               of
               548090.
               pounds
               sterling
               in
               forraine
               
               coine
               ;
               and
               together
               with
               the
               sayd
               money
               there
               hath
               beene
               shipped
               the
               vallue
               of
               292286.
               pounds
               sterling
               in
               sundry
               sorts
               of
               
                 English
              
               and
               forraine
               commodities
               ;
               all
               which
               moneys
               and
               wares
               amounting
               vnto
               840376.
               pounds
               ,
               haue
               been
               disposed
               as
               hereafter
               followeth
               .
            
             
               First
               ,
               there
               hath
               been
               lost
               31079.
               pounds
               sterling
               in
               the
               6.
               ships
               which
               are
               cast
               away
               :
               and
               in
               the
               34.
               ships
               ,
               which
               are
               returned
               in
               safety
               ,
               there
               hath
               beene
               brought
               home
               356288.
               
               pounds
               sterling
               in
               diuers
               sorts
               of
               wares
               ,
               which
               haue
               produced
               here
               in
               
                 Englād
              
               towards
               the
               generall
               stocke
               thereof
               1914600.
               l.
               sterling
               ;
               for
               the
               charges
               arising
               here
               ,
               is
               but
               a
               change
               of
               effects
               from
               one
               to
               another
               ,
               as
               hath
               beene
               sayde
               before
               in
               this
               discourse
               :
               So
               there
               ought
               to
               remaine
               in
               the
               
                 Indies
                 ,
              
               to
               be
               speedily
               returned
               hither
               ,
               484088
               pounds
               :
               neither
               can
               we
               conceiue
               that
               our
               charges
               and
               troubles
               with
               the
               
                 Dutch
                 ,
              
               wil
               haue
               wasted
               more
               then
               the
               odd
               84088.
               pounds
               sterling
               :
               so
               that
               I
               am
               confident
               ,
               that
               there
               yet
               remaineth
               400000
               pounds
               sterling
               of
               good
               estate
               ,
               for
               both
               the
               ioynt
               stockes
               .
               
               And
               what
               a
               great
               value
               of
               
                 Indian
              
               goods
               this
               sum
               of
               mony
               may
               (
               by
               Gods
               blessing
               )
               shortly
               return
               in
               our
               ships
               ,
               which
               are
               there
               ready
               to
               bring
               thē
               ,
               the
               example
               here
               doth
               teach
               vs
               to
               make
               vp
               the
               reckoning
               .
               So
               that
               notwithstanding
               our
               great
               charges
               of
               discoueries
               ,
               our
               losses
               by
               the
               danger
               of
               the
               seas
               ,
               our
               quarrels
               &
               infinit
               hinderance
               by
               the
               
                 Dutch
              
               :
               yet
               here
               the
               kingdome
               hath
               and
               shall
               haue
               her
               stocke
               againe
               with
               a
               very
               great
               encrease
               ,
               although
               the
               Merchants
               gaines
               concerning
               the
               two
               ioynt
               stocks
               will
               proue
               but
               poore
               ,
               in
               respect
               of
               the
               former
               voyages
               ,
               which
               haue
               not
               had
               the
               like
               hinderance
               .
            
             
             
               And
               thus
               in
               a
               few
               lines
               may
               be
               seene
               ,
               much
               matter
               truly
               collected
               with
               some
               paines
               ,
               out
               of
               the
               diuers
               volumes
               of
               the
               
                 East
                 Indian
              
               Bookes
               .
            
             
               
               Now
               concerning
               the
               decay
               of
               Trade
               and
               shipping
               which
               were
               wont
               to
               be
               imployed
               into
               
                 Turkey
                 ,
              
               I
               doubt
               ,
               that
               in
               time
               it
               will
               likewise
               be
               affirmed
               ,
               that
               the
               
                 East
                 India
              
               Company
               ,
               haue
               hindred
               the
               vent
               of
               our
               white
               Cloath
               in
               the
               
                 Netherlands
                 ,
              
               which
               to
               report
               were
               a
               verie
               strange
               thing
               .
               But
               (
               praised
               be
               God
               )
               to
               our
               comfort
               ,
               we
               see
               the
               great
               increase
               of
               goodly
               Ships
               ,
               daily
               built
               and
               imployed
               ,
               by
               the
               
                 Turkey
              
               Merchants
               with
               vent
               of
               more
               of
               our
               English
               Cloath
               (
               by
               one
               third
               part
               at
               least
               )
               then
               in
               times
               before
               the
               
                 East
                 India
              
               trade
               began
               .
            
             
               Yea
               ,
               but
               (
               say
               they
               )
               we
               haue
               lost
               the
               trade
               of
               Spices
               ,
               and
               
                 Indico
                 ,
              
               from
               
                 Aleppo
              
               into
               
                 England
                 .
              
            
             
               Well
               ,
               I
               grant
               they
               haue
               ;
               yet
               the
               Kingdome
               hath
               found
               it
               with
               more
               profit
               by
               another
               way
               ;
               and
               they
               likewise
               are
               recompenced
               with
               a
               greater
               Trade
               ,
               by
               the
               exporting
               from
               hence
               of
               the
               selfe-same
               commodities
               into
               
                 Italy
                 ,
                 Turkey
                 ,
              
               and
               other
               places
               :
               neither
               can
               it
               be
               lesse
               profitable
               for
               this
               kingdome
               ,
               to
               turne
               the
               Trade
               of
               Raw-Silkes
               from
               
                 Aleppo
                 ,
              
               and
               to
               bring
               them
               from
               the
               
                 Persian
              
               gulfe
               ,
               with
               one
               third
               part
               lesse
               money
               ,
               then
               it
               doth
               now
               cost
               in
               
                 Turkey
              
               ;
               Besides
               ,
               that
               by
               this
               meanes
               ,
               the
               money
               proceeding
               of
               our
               English
               Cloath
               ,
               Tin
               ,
               and
               other
               wares
               in
               Turkey
               (
               not
               finding
               commodities
               sitting
               to
               returne
               for
               England
               )
               would
               vndoubtedly
               be
               brought
               home
               in
               Gold
               ,
               as
               it
               hath
               beene
               performed
               heretofore
               ,
               when
               by
               superfluitie
               of
               stocke
               sent
               from
               hence
               in
               Spice
               ,
               together
               with
               our
               English
               wares
               ;
               the
               
               Merchants
               (
               being
               thereby
               furnished
               with
               a
               sufficient
               quantitie
               of
               
                 Turkish
              
               cōmodities
               )
               brought
               home
               the
               remainder
               of
               their
               stocke
               of
               those
               yeares
               in
               gold
               for
               a
               great
               value
               .
               
            
             
               Thus
               doth
               it
               plainely
               appeare
               ,
               that
               these
               reuolutions
               of
               Trades
               ,
               haue
               and
               doe
               turne
               to
               the
               good
               of
               the
               Commonwealth
               ;
               neither
               hath
               the
               affayres
               of
               the
               
                 East
                 Indies
              
               impaired
               or
               decayed
               any
               other
               Trade
               ,
               Shipping
               or
               Marriners
               of
               this
               Realme
               ;
               but
               hath
               mightily
               increased
               them
               all
               in
               it selfe
               .
               Wherefore
               let
               vs
               now
               take
               a
               view
               of
               this
               noble
               addition
               of
               the
               kingdomes
               strength
               and
               glory
               .
            
             
               But
               this
               I
               must
               not
               doe
               ,
               by
               setting
               downe
               the
               number
               of
               our
               
                 English
              
               shipping
               row
               in
               the
               
                 Indies
                 ,
              
               or
               lately
               gone
               that
               way
               ;
               for
               they
               haue
               beene
               heaped
               thither
               ,
               these
               three
               last
               yeares
               together
               without
               returne
               ,
               saue
               onely
               fiue
               ships
               in
               all
               that
               time
               ;
               the
               rest
               haue
               beene
               kept
               there
               to
               oppose
               the
               furie
               of
               the
               
                 Dutch
              
               ;
               but
               now
               we
               are
               at
               vnion
               ,
               we
               shall
               (
               by
               Gods
               assistance
               )
               dayly
               exspect
               diuers
               great
               ships
               with
               rich
               returnes
               .
            
             
               And
               for
               the
               future
               time
               ,
               
               this
               Trade
               I
               doe
               conceiue
               ,
               will
               royally
               maintayne
               ten
               thousand
               tuns
               of
               shipping
               continually
               :
               (
               That
               is
               to
               say
               )
               going
               ,
               and
               returning
               ,
               and
               abiding
               there
               in
               the
               
                 Indies
              
               ;
               which
               said
               shipping
               will
               employ
               two
               thousand
               and
               fiue
               hundred
               Marriners
               at
               least
               ;
               and
               the
               building
               with
               the
               repayring
               of
               the
               sayde
               ships
               ,
               here
               at
               home
               will
               set
               to
               worke
               fiue
               hundred
               men
               ,
               Carpenters
               ,
               Cawkers
               ,
               Caruers
               ,
               Ioiners
               ,
               Smiths
               ,
               &
               other
               laborers
               ,
               besides
               many
               officers
               ;
               and
               about
               120.
               
               Factors
               ,
               in
               seuerall
               
               of
               the
               
                 Indies
                 .
              
               And
               so
               from
               these
               matters
               of
               great
               consequence
               ,
               I
               must
               beginne
               to
               write
               of
               Beggery
               .
            
             
               
               The
               pouertie
               of
               Widdowes
               and
               Fatherlesse
               is
               matter
               of
               great
               compassion
               ,
               and
               doth
               alwaies
               moue
               Christian
               hearts
               to
               commiseration
               and
               charitie
               ;
               whereby
               many
               receiue
               reliefe
               &
               helpe
               of
               those
               whō
               God
               hath
               blessed
               with
               better
               meanes
               :
               but
               how
               this
               pouertie
               should
               totally
               be
               preuented
               ,
               it
               seemeth
               not
               onely
               difficult
               ,
               but
               altogether
               impossible
               :
               For
               besides
               the
               euill
               accidents
               and
               miseries
               ,
               which
               euer
               attend
               on
               our
               humanity
               ,
               we
               see
               how
               many
               dayly
               (
               euen
               through
               their
               owne
               folly
               &
               wilfulnesse
               )
               do
               as
               it
               were
               desperately
               plunge
               themselues
               into
               aduersitie
               .
               And
               thus
               the
               number
               of
               those
               is
               great
               ,
               who
               hauing
               the
               charge
               of
               wife
               &
               children
               ,
               are
               notwithstanding
               altogether
               without
               meanes
               and
               artes
               to
               procure
               their
               maintenance
               ;
               whereby
               some
               of
               them
               ,
               wanting
               grace
               ,
               do
               run
               a
               desperat
               course
               ,
               &
               haue
               vntimely
               ends
               .
               
               Others
               again
               ,
               being
               better
               inspired
               ,
               seek
               for
               imployment
               ,
               but
               find
               it
               not
               ,
               or
               with
               great
               difficulty
               :
               for
               ,
               who
               doth
               willingly
               entertain
               a
               man
               poore
               and
               miserable
               ,
               charged
               with
               a
               family
               ,
               and
               peraduenture
               debauched
               in
               conditions
               ?
               Neither
               doe
               any
               of
               our
               other
               Merchants
               voyages
               to
               forraine
               parts
               accept
               of
               those
               nouices
               who
               neuer
               haue
               been
               vsed
               to
               the
               Sea
               :
               
               So
               that
               when
               all
               the
               other
               doores
               of
               charitie
               are
               shut
               ,
               the
               
                 East
                 India
              
               gates
               stand
               wide
               open
               to
               receiue
               the
               needy
               and
               the
               poore
               ,
               giuing
               them
               good
               entertainment
               with
               two
               Moneths
               wages
               before
               hand
               to
               make
               their
               neeedfull
               prouisions
               for
               the
               voyage
               :
               And
               in
               the
               time
               of
               their
               absence
               ,
               there
               is
               likewise
               payd
               vnto
               their
               wiues
               for
               maintenance
               ,
               two
               
               other
               months
               wages
               vpon
               accompt
               of
               euery
               yeares
               seruice
               :
               and
               also
               if
               any
               chance
               to
               dye
               in
               the
               voyage
               ,
               the
               wife
               receiueth
               all
               that
               is
               found
               due
               vnto
               her
               husband
               (
               if
               hee
               doe
               not
               otherwise
               dispose
               it
               by
               will
               :
               )
               and
               this
               often
               happeneth
               to
               be
               more
               money
               then
               euer
               they
               had
               of
               their
               owne
               together
               in
               any
               one
               time
               .
            
             
               And
               likewise
               ,
               are
               not
               many
               poore
               Widdowes
               ,
               
               Wiues
               and
               Children
               of
               
                 Blacke-wall
                 ,
                 Lime-house
                 ,
                 Ratcliffe
                 ,
                 Shadwell
                 ,
              
               and
               
                 Wapping
                 ,
              
               often
               relieued
               by
               the
               
                 East
                 India
              
               company
               with
               whole
               Hogsheads
               of
               good
               Biefe
               and
               Porke
               ,
               Bisket
               and
               doales
               of
               ready
               money
               ?
               Are
               not
               diuers
               of
               their
               children
               set
               on
               worke
               to
               picke
               Okam
               ,
               
               &
               other
               labours
               fitting
               their
               age
               and
               capacitie
               ?
               What
               might
               I
               not
               say
               of
               repayring
               of
               Churches
               ,
               maintenance
               of
               some
               yong
               Schollers
               ,
               relieuing
               of
               many
               poore
               Preachers
               of
               the
               Gospell
               yearely
               with
               good
               summes
               of
               money
               ;
               and
               diuers
               other
               acts
               of
               charitie
               ,
               which
               are
               by
               them
               religiously
               performed
               ,
               euen
               in
               the
               times
               now
               of
               their
               worst
               fortunes
               ?
               for
               all
               which
               I
               hope
               there
               shal
               be
               a
               reward
               vnto
               them
               and
               theirs
               .
               And
               so
               I
               come
               to
               the
               fift
               part
               of
               this
               third
               Obiection
               .
            
             
               And
               here
               I
               must
               intimate
               how
               much
               they
               are
               deceiued
               who
               thinke
               that
               Spices
               and
               Indico
               are
               no
               better
               cheape
               in
               
                 England
              
               now
               ,
               then
               in
               times
               past
               ,
               
               before
               the
               
                 East
                 India
              
               trade
               began
               .
            
             
               For
               ,
               it
               is
               an
               vndoubted
               truth
               ,
               that
               in
               those
               dayes
               we
               often
               payd
               6.
               shillings
               or
               more
               for
               a
               pound
               of
               Pepper
               ,
               and
               seldome
               or
               neuer
               lesse
               then
               three
               shillings
               and
               sixe
               pence
               the
               pound
               ;
               whereas
               since
               the
               Trade
               hath
               come
               directly
               from
               the
               
                 Indies
                 ,
              
               it
               hath
               
               beene
               bought
               commonly
               at
               seuerall
               prices
               betweene
               16.
               pence
               and
               two
               shillings
               the
               pound
               ;
               but
               I
               will
               make
               the
               difference
               of
               price
               appeare
               more
               plainely
               by
               setting
               downe
               the
               quantities
               of
               Spices
               and
               Indico
               ,
               which
               are
               yearely
               spent
               in
               the
               Realme
               of
               
                 England
                 ,
              
               together
               with
               the
               lowest
               prices
               ,
               which
               they
               were
               wont
               to
               sell
               at
               ,
               when
               wee
               brought
               them
               from
               
                 Turkey
              
               and
               
                 Lixborne
              
               ;
               and
               the
               like
               concerning
               their
               vsuall
               prices
               now
               that
               wee
               bring
               them
               from
               the
               
                 East
                 Indies
              
               directly
               ;
               And
               first
               as
               from
               
                 Turkey
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 
                   
                     
                     400000.
                     ll
                     .
                     of
                     Pepper
                     at
                     3.s.
                     6.d.
                     the
                     ll
                     .
                  
                   
                     70000.l.
                  
                   
                     00.s.
                  
                   
                     00d
                  
                
                 
                   
                     40000.
                     of
                     Cloues
                     at
                     8.s.
                     the
                     ll
                     .
                  
                   
                     16000
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                   
                     00.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     20000.
                     of
                     Maces
                     at
                     9.s.
                     the
                     ll
                  
                   
                     9000
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                   
                     00.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     160000.
                     of
                     Nutmegs
                     at
                     4.
                     s.
                     6d
                     the
                     ll
                     .
                  
                   
                     36000
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                
                 
                   
                     150000.
                     of
                     Indico
                     at
                     7.s.
                     the
                     pound
                     .
                  
                   
                     52500
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                   
                     00.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     183500
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                
              
            
             
               And
               the
               selfe
               same
               quantity
               and
               sorts
               of
               wares
               are
               commonly
               sold
               at
               the
               prices
               here
               vnder
               written
               now
               in
               these
               later
               times
               .
            
             
               
                 
                   
                     
                     400000.
                     ll
                     .
                     of
                     Pepper
                     at
                     20d.
                     the
                     ll
                     .
                  
                   
                     33333.l.
                  
                   
                     06.
                     s.
                     
                  
                   
                     08.
                     d
                  
                
                 
                   
                     40000.
                     of
                     Cloues
                     at
                     6d.
                     the
                     ll
                     .
                  
                   
                     12000
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                   
                     00.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     20000.
                     of
                     Maces
                     at
                     6.s.
                     the
                     ll
                     .
                  
                   
                     6000
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                   
                     00.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                     160000.
                     of
                     nutmegs
                     at
                     2.s.
                     6d
                     the
                     ll
                     .
                  
                   
                     20000
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                
                 
                   
                     150000.
                     of
                     Indico
                     at
                     5.s.
                     pound
                     .
                  
                   
                     37000
                  
                   
                     00
                  
                   
                     00.
                     
                  
                
                 
                   
                      
                  
                   
                     108333.
                     
                  
                   
                     06
                  
                   
                     08
                  
                
              
            
             
             
               So
               that
               this
               Trade
               in
               Spice
               and
               Indico
               onely
               ,
               doth
               saue
               the
               Kingdome
               yearly
               74966.l.
               13.s.
               04.d.
               which
               is
               a
               matter
               worthy
               to
               be
               obserued
               ;
               and
               so
               much
               the
               rather
               ,
               because
               it
               is
               a
               certaine
               truth
               ,
               
               that
               lesse
               then
               a
               quarter
               part
               of
               this
               sum
               of
               mony
               which
               is
               thus
               saued
               yearely
               ,
               shall
               buy
               in
               the
               
                 Indies
              
               the
               full
               quantitie
               of
               all
               the
               seuerall
               sorts
               of
               wares
               before
               written
               ,
               which
               doe
               serue
               for
               a
               yeares
               prouision
               for
               this
               Realme
               of
               
                 England
              
               ;
               but
               still
               ,
               it
               must
               be
               remembred
               ,
               that
               the
               custome
               ,
               impost
               ,
               wages
               ,
               victuals
               ,
               shipping
               ,
               and
               other
               charges
               (
               which
               are
               to
               be
               added
               )
               will
               be
               a
               greater
               summe
               ,
               then
               the
               mony
               which
               is
               paid
               for
               these
               wares
               in
               the
               
                 Indies
              
               ;
               but
               as
               I
               haue
               noted
               before
               ,
               the
               said
               charges
               doe
               not
               consume
               the
               Kingdomes
               stocke
               ,
               although
               it
               doth
               greatly
               abate
               the
               Merchants
               gaine
               .
            
             
               And
               to
               conclude
               this
               point
               ,
               
               I
               will
               adde
               vnto
               that
               which
               hath
               beene
               said
               ;
               that
               the
               commodities
               onely
               which
               we
               now
               send
               yearely
               into
               the
               
                 East
                 Indies
              
               and
               
                 Persia
                 ,
              
               are
               of
               sufficient
               value
               there
               to
               returne
               vs
               
                 Indico
                 ,
                 Spices
                 ,
                 Drugs
                 ,
              
               and
               all
               other
               sorts
               of
               
                 Indian
              
               wares
               ,
               (
               
                 Raw-Silkes
              
               of
               
                 Persia
              
               only
               excepted
               )
               for
               one
               yeares
               consume
               ,
               or
               more
               in
               this
               Kingdome
               ;
               So
               that
               now
               all
               the
               money
               which
               is
               sent
               forth
               in
               our
               Ships
               doth
               procure
               an
               ouer-plus
               of
               the
               said
               wares
               to
               the
               furtherance
               of
               Trade
               from
               
                 India
              
               hither
               ,
               and
               after
               from
               hence
               to
               forreine
               parts
               againe
               ,
               to
               the
               great
               imployment
               of
               the
               Subiects
               ,
               and
               inriching
               of
               this
               Realme
               ,
               both
               in
               Stocke
               and
               Treasure
               ;
               all
               which
               is
               matter
               very
               worthy
               to
               be
               diligently
               obserued
               ;
               And
               so
               I
               come
               to
               giue
               answere
               vnto
               the
               fourth
               and
               last
               Obiection
               .
            
          
        
         
           
           
             The
             fourth
             Obiection
             .
          
           
             It
             is
             generally
             obserued
             that
             his
             Maiesties
             Mint
             hath
             had
             but
             little
             imployment
             euer
             sithence
             the
             East
             India
             Trade
             began
             ;
             Wherefore
             it
             is
             manifest
             ,
             that
             the
             onely
             remedie
             for
             this
             ,
             and
             so
             many
             euils
             besides
             ,
             is
             to
             put
             downe
             this
             Trade
             :
             For
             what
             other
             remedie
             can
             there
             be
             for
             the
             good
             of
             the
             Common-wealth
             ?
          
           
             
               The
               Answer
               .
            
             
               This
               fourth
               obiection
               may
               be
               deuided
               into
               three
               parts
               :
               
                 
                   1.
                   
                   
                     An
                     euill
                     declared
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   2.
                   
                   
                     A
                     remedie
                     propounded
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   3.
                   
                   
                     And
                     counsell
                     demaunded
                     .
                  
                
              
            
             
               
               And
               first
               concerning
               the
               Euill
               or
               want
               of
               Siluer
               ,
               I
               thinke
               it
               hath
               beene
               ,
               and
               is
               a
               generall
               disease
               of
               all
               Nations
               ,
               and
               so
               will
               continue
               vntill
               the
               end
               of
               the
               world
               ;
               for
               poore
               and
               rich
               complaine
               they
               neuer
               haue
               enough
               :
               but
               it
               seemeth
               the
               maladie
               is
               growen
               mortall
               here
               with
               vs
               ,
               and
               therefore
               it
               cries
               out
               for
               remedie
               :
               Well
               ,
               I
               hope
               it
               is
               but
               imagination
               maketh
               vs
               sicke
               ,
               
               when
               all
               our
               parts
               be
               sound
               and
               strong
               ;
               For
               who
               knoweth
               not
               the
               inestimable
               treasure
               of
               this
               Kingdome
               in
               Plate
               possessed
               by
               the
               people
               thereof
               almost
               of
               all
               degrees
               ;
               in
               such
               measure
               ,
               as
               neuer
               hath
               beene
               seene
               in
               former
               ages
               ?
            
             
               And
               for
               his
               Maiesties
               Mint
               ,
               it
               is
               well
               knowne
               ,
               that
               there
               hath
               beene
               coyned
               in
               fiue
               yeares
               together
               
               since
               the
               
                 East
                 India
              
               Company
               began
               ,
               6214.
               
               pounds
               waight
               of
               Gold
               ,
               and
               311384.
               pound
               waight
               of
               sterling
               Money
               ;
               all
               which
               Gold
               and
               Siluer
               doe
               amount
               vnto
               the
               summe
               of
               1213850.
               pounds
               of
               sterling
               Money
               ;
               How
               then
               doth
               this
               Trade
               turne
               the
               currant
               and
               imployment
               of
               the
               Mint
               ?
            
             
               But
               vpon
               the
               sight
               of
               this
               truth
               ,
               perhaps
               it
               will
               be
               said
               ,
               That
               wee
               must
               resort
               vnto
               the
               present
               times
               ,
               (
               the
               Mint
               being
               idle
               now
               .
               )
            
             
               To
               which
               I
               answer
               ,
               That
               likewise
               the
               Mint
               had
               little
               or
               no
               imployment
               for
               coynage
               of
               Siluer
               in
               former
               times
               ,
               
               when
               the
               said
               Company
               did
               not
               export
               aboue
               fifteene
               or
               twenty
               thousand
               pounds
               sterling
               at
               the
               most
               
                 per
                 annum
              
               ;
               no
               ,
               nor
               yet
               in
               the
               yeares
               1608.
               and
               1612
               :
               when
               in
               the
               former
               they
               shipped
               out
               but
               6000.l.
               —
               00.
               s.
               —
               00d.
               and
               in
               the
               latter
               ,
               but
               1250.l.
               —
               00.
               s.
               —
               00.d.
               sterling
               .
               So
               that
               both
               waies
               we
               see
               ,
               that
               the
               Mint
               hath
               had
               very
               great
               imployment
               fiue
               yeares
               together
               ,
               sithence
               the
               
                 East
                 India
                 Trade
              
               began
               ;
               and
               also
               it
               hath
               beene
               without
               imployment
               diuers
               yeares
               ,
               when
               the
               
                 East
                 India
              
               Company
               haue
               sent
               away
               but
               very
               small
               summes
               of
               money
               ;
               wherefore
               of
               necessitie
               there
               must
               be
               some
               other
               causes
               and
               meanes
               whereby
               our
               Siluer
               is
               not
               exported
               onely
               ,
               but
               also
               it
               is
               not
               imported
               into
               the
               Realme
               as
               in
               former
               times
               .
               For
               we
               haue
               not
               had
               the
               meanes
               by
               our
               owne
               plentie
               ,
               not
               by
               the
               scarsitie
               of
               our
               neighbours
               ,
               (
               for
               the
               space
               of
               the
               last
               foureteene
               yeares
               together
               )
               to
               send
               out
               hundreds
               of
               Ships
               laden
               with
               Corne
               ,
               as
               in
               times
               past
               which
               was
               returned
               home
               in
               Siluer
               ;
               
               but
               rather
               of
               late
               yeares
               (
               as
               is
               much
               to
               be
               feared
               )
               a
               great
               quantitie
               of
               our
               money
               hath
               beene
               carried
               out
               of
               the
               Kingdome
               ,
               
               for
               that
               Corne
               which
               hath
               beene
               brought
               vs
               from
               the
               East
               Countries
               ,
               and
               other
               places
               ,
               to
               supply
               our
               wants
               .
               Thus
               times
               doe
               change
               ,
               and
               our
               fortunes
               change
               with
               them
               :
               neither
               list
               I
               to
               make
               this
               matter
               plainer
               ,
               by
               setting
               downe
               those
               meanes
               ,
               which
               heretofore
               brought
               vs
               store
               of
               money
               ,
               euen
               out
               of
               
                 France
              
               and
               other
               places
               ,
               which
               now
               are
               ceased
               .
               But
               without
               any
               further
               medling
               in
               the
               Mint
               ,
               I
               will
               come
               to
               the
               remedie
               which
               some
               propound
               ,
               by
               putting
               downe
               the
               
                 East
                 India
              
               Company
               .
            
             
               
               But
               heere
               our
               comfort
               is
               ,
               that
               the
               Obiectors
               are
               not
               our
               Iudges
               ,
               whose
               wisedome
               and
               integritie
               labouring
               for
               the
               honour
               of
               his
               Maiestie
               ,
               and
               the
               good
               of
               his
               Kingdome
               ,
               will
               soone
               perceiue
               the
               mischiefes
               of
               this
               supposed
               remedie
               .
               And
               that
               the
               pretended
               euill
               which
               many
               with
               malice
               chase
               ,
               is
               that
               great
               good
               ,
               which
               other
               Nations
               seeke
               by
               pollicie
               and
               strength
               to
               keepe
               ,
               
               and
               likewise
               to
               obtaine
               ;
               In
               which
               proceedings
               ,
               it
               concerneth
               vs
               ,
               especially
               to
               obserue
               the
               diligences
               and
               practises
               of
               the
               
                 Dutch
              
               ;
               who
               with
               more
               gladnesse
               would
               vndertake
               the
               whole
               Trade
               to
               the
               
                 East
                 Indies
                 ,
              
               then
               with
               any
               reason
               we
               can
               abandon
               that
               part
               thereof
               ,
               which
               we
               now
               enioy
               ;
               neither
               can
               our
               restraint
               from
               the
               
                 Indies
              
               keepe
               our
               Siluer
               from
               thence
               ,
               as
               long
               as
               the
               
                 Dutch
              
               goe
               thither
               :
               for
               we
               know
               ,
               that
               deuices
               want
               not
               to
               furnish
               such
               dessignes
               ;
               and
               when
               their
               Ships
               returne
               from
               
                 India
                 ,
              
               shall
               not
               our
               Siluer
               our
               againe
               to
               helpe
               to
               pay
               a
               double
               price
               ,
               or
               what
               they
               please
               ,
               
               for
               all
               those
               wares
               which
               we
               shall
               want
               for
               our
               necessities
               ?
            
             
               Thus
               should
               the
               Dutch
               increase
               their
               honour
               ,
               
               wealth
               and
               strength
               ,
               whilest
               we
               abate
               ,
               grow
               poore
               and
               weake
               at
               Sea
               for
               want
               of
               Trade
               ;
               and
               call
               you
               this
               a
               Remedie
               ;
               no
               ,
               rather
               tearme
               it
               Ruine
               ,
               Destruction
               ,
               or
               what
               you
               list
               ;
               And
               so
               I
               come
               vnto
               the
               conclusion
               or
               last
               part
               .
            
             
               And
               here
               I
               must
               confesse
               my selfe
               aground
               ,
               
               for
               this
               matter
               is
               much
               too
               high
               for
               my
               handling
               :
               besides
               ,
               my
               excuse
               is
               faire
               ,
               hauing
               alreadie
               done
               my
               taske
               to
               cleare
               the
               
                 East
                 India
                 Trade
              
               from
               imputation
               ;
               the
               which
               ,
               for
               want
               of
               learning
               ,
               although
               I
               haue
               performed
               ,
               without
               varietie
               of
               words
               or
               eloquence
               :
               yet
               it
               is
               done
               with
               all
               integritie
               of
               truth
               ,
               in
               euery
               particular
               ,
               as
               I
               shall
               be
               readie
               to
               make
               proofe
               vpon
               all
               occasions
               ,
               which
               may
               bee
               offered
               .
            
             
               And
               yet
               before
               I
               make
               an
               end
               ,
               although
               I
               cannot
               satisfie
               euery
               mans
               desire
               ,
               in
               such
               measure
               as
               is
               necessarie
               :
               yet
               I
               thinke
               it
               not
               amisse
               to
               performe
               the
               same
               so
               farre
               as
               I
               am
               able
               by
               common
               practise
               ,
               and
               my
               obseruations
               in
               the
               Trade
               of
               Merchandize
               ,
               which
               is
               my
               profession
               .
            
             
               And
               first
               therefore
               ,
               all
               men
               doe
               know
               ,
               that
               the
               riches
               or
               sufficiencie
               of
               euery
               Kingdome
               ,
               State
               ,
               or
               Common-wealth
               ,
               consisteth
               in
               the
               possession
               of
               those
               things
               ,
               which
               are
               needfull
               for
               a
               ciuill
               life
               .
            
             
               This
               sufficiency
               is
               of
               two
               sorts
               :
               the
               one
               is
               naturall
               ,
               and
               proceedeth
               of
               the
               Territorie
               it selfe
               :
               
               
               the
               other
               is
               artificiall
               ,
               and
               dependeth
               on
               the
               industry
               of
               the
               Inhabitants
               .
            
             
               The
               Realme
               of
               
                 England
              
               (
               praised
               be
               God
               )
               is
               happily
               possessed
               of
               them
               both
               :
               as
               first
               ,
               hauing
               great
               plentie
               of
               naturall
               riches
               ,
               both
               in
               the
               Sea
               for
               Fish
               ,
               &
               on
               the
               Land
               for
               Wooll
               ,
               Cattle
               ,
               Corne
               ,
               Lead
               ,
               Tin
               ,
               Iron
               ,
               and
               many
               other
               things
               for
               food
               ,
               Rayment
               &
               Munition
               ;
               insomuch
               ,
               that
               vpon
               strickt
               tearmes
               of
               need
               ,
               this
               land
               may
               liue
               without
               the
               help
               of
               any
               other
               Nation
               .
            
             
               But
               to
               liue
               well
               ,
               to
               flourish
               and
               grow
               rich
               ,
               we
               must
               finde
               meanes
               ,
               by
               Trade
               to
               vent
               our
               superfluities
               ;
               therewith
               to
               furnish
               and
               adorne
               vs
               with
               the
               Treasure
               and
               those
               necessarie
               wares
               ,
               which
               forreine
               Nations
               doe
               afford
               :
               
               and
               here
               industrie
               must
               begin
               to
               play
               his
               part
               ,
               not
               onely
               to
               increase
               and
               guide
               the
               Trades
               abroad
               ;
               but
               also
               to
               maintaine
               and
               multiply
               the
               Arts
               at
               home
               :
               for
               when
               either
               of
               these
               faile
               ,
               or
               are
               not
               effected
               with
               such
               skill
               as
               their
               mysterie
               shall
               require
               ,
               then
               doth
               the
               Common-wealth
               abate
               &
               growes
               poore
               ;
               neither
               is
               this
               easily
               perceiued
               at
               first
               ,
               vntill
               some
               euill
               accidents
               doe
               stirre
               vp
               our
               diligence
               to
               search
               out
               the
               true
               causes
               ,
               that
               so
               they
               being
               remoued
               ,
               the
               effects
               may
               cease
               .
               And
               this
               is
               the
               subiect
               of
               our
               discourse
               which
               we
               now
               pursue
               .
            
             
               That
               which
               I
               haue
               hitherto
               deliuered
               ,
               hath
               beene
               altogether
               Negatiue
               ,
               still
               defending
               and
               prouing
               by
               arguments
               ,
               that
               the
               
                 East
                 India
                 Trade
              
               hath
               not
               hurt
               :
               this
               Common-wealth
               ;
               And
               now
               changing
               my
               stile
               ,
               I
               must
               affirme
               as
               fast
               the
               true
               causes
               of
               those
               euils
               which
               we
               seeke
               to
               chase
               away
               .
            
             
             
               These
               causes
               then
               (
               as
               I
               conceiue
               )
               are
               principally
               foure
               .
               
            
             
               1.
               
               The
               first
               is
               the
               breach
               of
               Entercourse
               by
               forraine
               Nations
               .
            
             
               2.
               
               The
               second
               is
               the
               abuse
               of
               the
               exchanges
               betwixt
               vs
               and
               other
               Countries
               .
            
             
               3.
               
               The
               third
               is
               neglect
               of
               dutie
               in
               some
               Subiects
               .
            
             
               4
               The
               fourth
               is
               our
               dammage
               in
               Commerce
               with
               Strangers
               .
            
             
               Now
               concerning
               all
               these
               ,
               I
               might
               make
               a
               very
               large
               discourse
               ;
               but
               my
               purpose
               is
               only
               to
               explane
               the
               meaning
               of
               euery
               point
               in
               order
               ,
               as
               briefely
               as
               I
               can
               .
            
             
               And
               first
               for
               the
               breach
               of
               Entercourse
               ;
               
               by
               this
               I
               vnderstand
               those
               Nations
               ,
               who
               haue
               eyther
               debased
               their
               Standard
               ,
               or
               else
               ouer-valued
               the
               price
               of
               their
               Coynes
               from
               that
               equiualence
               which
               formerly
               they
               had
               with
               the
               Standard
               and
               Moneys
               of
               this
               Realme
               ;
               And
               also
               doe
               tollerate
               ,
               not
               onely
               their
               owne
               Moneys
               ,
               
               but
               also
               the
               Coyne
               of
               other
               Countries
               (
               and
               especially
               of
               this
               Kingdome
               )
               to
               bee
               currant
               with
               them
               at
               higher
               rates
               ,
               then
               the
               prizes
               of
               the
               Exchange
               ;
               by
               which
               courses
               (
               being
               directly
               against
               the
               Entercourse
               )
               there
               is
               a
               greater
               cause
               giuen
               of
               exportation
               of
               the
               Moneys
               of
               this
               Realme
               ,
               then
               otherwise
               there
               would
               be
               .
               For
               although
               this
               is
               done
               with
               great
               danger
               to
               the
               exporters
               of
               the
               same
               ,
               (
               it
               being
               an
               acte
               against
               the
               Law
               of
               the
               Land
               )
               yet
               notwithstanding
               Couetousnesse
               ,
               
               being
               euer
               conuersant
               in
               wicked
               actions
               ,
               thinketh
               nothing
               vnlawfull
               ,
               which
               promiseth
               a
               certaine
               gaine
               ;
               and
               how
               to
               remedie
               this
               euill
               practise
               I
               finde
               it
               not
               easie
               .
               For
               the
               debasing
               of
               the
               Coyne
               ,
               or
               raising
               the
               price
               thereof
               in
               this
               Realme
               ,
               would
               much
               impouerish
               the
               estates
               of
               particular
               men
               ,
               and
               yet
               in
               the
               conclusion
               ,
               would
               proue
               a
               businesse
               without
               end
               :
               for
               who
               doth
               not
               conceiue
               that
               which
               would
               follow
               beyond
               the
               Seas
               vpon
               any
               such
               alteration
               here
               with
               vs
               ?
               so
               that
               still
               the
               euill
               will
               remaine
               ,
               vntill
               we
               find
               some
               other
               remedie
               .
            
             
               
               And
               for
               the
               exchanges
               of
               money
               ,
               vsed
               betwixt
               Nations
               ,
               although
               the
               true
               vse
               thereof
               ,
               is
               a
               very
               lawdable
               and
               necessarie
               practise
               ,
               for
               the
               accommodating
               of
               Merchants
               affaires
               ,
               and
               furnishing
               of
               Trauellers
               in
               their
               occasions
               ,
               without
               the
               transporting
               of
               Coyne
               from
               one
               State
               to
               another
               ,
               with
               danger
               and
               losse
               ,
               both
               to
               the
               publique
               and
               priuate
               wealth
               ;
               yet
               is
               the
               abuse
               thereof
               verie
               preiudiciall
               vnto
               this
               Kingdome
               in
               particuler
               ;
               whilest
               in
               the
               interim
               the
               benefit
               doth
               arise
               vnto
               other
               Countries
               ,
               who
               diligently
               obseruing
               the
               prizes
               whereby
               the
               monies
               bee
               exchanged
               ,
               
               may
               take
               aduantage
               ,
               to
               carrie
               away
               the
               Gold
               and
               Siluer
               of
               this
               Realme
               at
               those
               times
               ,
               when
               the
               rate
               of
               our
               sterling
               money
               (
               in
               Exchange
               )
               is
               vnder
               the
               value
               of
               that
               Standard
               ,
               vnto
               which
               place
               they
               are
               conueyed
               ;
               For
               in
               respect
               the
               prizes
               of
               the
               Exchanges
               ,
               doe
               rise
               and
               fall
               according
               to
               the
               plentie
               or
               scarsitie
               of
               money
               ,
               which
               is
               to
               be
               
               taken
               vp
               or
               deliuered
               out
               ,
               the
               exchange
               is
               hereby
               become
               rather
               a
               Trade
               for
               some
               great
               monyed
               men
               ,
               then
               a
               furtherance
               and
               accomodation
               of
               reall
               Trade
               to
               Merchants
               ,
               as
               it
               ought
               to
               be
               in
               the
               true
               vse
               thereof
               .
            
             
               And
               thus
               many
               times
               money
               may
               be
               made
               ouer
               hither
               by
               strangers
               ,
               to
               a
               good
               gaine
               ,
               and
               presently
               carried
               beyond
               the
               Seas
               to
               a
               second
               profite
               ,
               and
               yet
               the
               mischefe
               ends
               not
               here
               :
               for
               by
               this
               means
               the
               takers
               vp
               of
               money
               in
               forraine
               Countreys
               must
               necessarily
               driue
               a
               Trade
               to
               those
               places
               ,
               
               from
               whence
               they
               draw
               their
               moneys
               ;
               and
               so
               doe
               fill
               vs
               vp
               with
               forraine
               Commodities
               ,
               without
               the
               vent
               of
               our
               owne
               wares
               ,
               but
               for
               this
               great
               euill
               ,
               there
               is
               an
               easie
               remedie
               ,
               and
               so
               I
               come
               to
               handle
               the
               next
               cause
               which
               is
               neglect
               of
               Dutie
               .
            
             
               Neither
               is
               it
               my
               intent
               to
               write
               of
               Duties
               in
               their
               seuerall
               kindes
               ;
               
               but
               onely
               of
               that
               kinde
               of
               duty
               which
               is
               here
               thought
               to
               bee
               neglected
               by
               some
               men
               in
               their
               seuerall
               vocations
               .
               As
               it
               might
               peraduenture
               come
               to
               passe
               ,
               in
               those
               who
               haue
               the
               working
               of
               his
               Maiesties
               coyne
               ,
               either
               gold
               or
               siluer
               :
               if
               diligent
               care
               be
               not
               had
               in
               the
               size
               of
               euery
               seuerall
               peece
               ,
               to
               answer
               iustly
               to
               his
               weight
               :
               for
               howsoeuer
               vpon
               triall
               of
               many
               peeces
               altogether
               ,
               the
               weight
               may
               bee
               found
               according
               to
               the
               couenants
               ,
               and
               within
               the
               remedies
               ordained
               in
               the
               Indentures
               :
               
               Yet
               notwithstanding
               many
               of
               those
               peeces
               may
               be
               sized
               too
               light
               ,
               &
               others
               as
               much
               too
               heauy
               ;
               which
               giueth
               the
               greater
               aduantage
               to
               some
               people
               ,
               to
               carry
               away
               that
               which
               is
               ouer-weight
               ,
               and
               so
               to
               
               leaue
               vs
               them
               which
               are
               too
               light
               ,
               if
               they
               leaue
               vs
               any
               .
            
             
               And
               this
               mischiefe
               is
               not
               single
               ;
               for
               thereby
               also
               some
               Goldsmiths
               ,
               regarding
               profit
               more
               then
               dutie
               ,
               may
               bee
               the
               more
               readily
               drawne
               to
               melt
               downe
               the
               heauy
               Coyne
               into
               Plate
               and
               other
               ornaments
               both
               of
               gold
               and
               siluer
               .
            
             
               But
               what
               might
               wee
               thinke
               of
               those
               men
               who
               are
               placed
               in
               authoritie
               and
               office
               for
               his
               Maiestie
               ,
               if
               they
               should
               not
               with
               all
               dutifull
               care
               discharge
               their
               trust
               concerning
               that
               excellent
               Statute
               ,
               
               where
               in
               it
               is
               ordered
               ,
               that
               all
               the
               moneys
               receiued
               by
               strangers
               for
               their
               Merchandise
               ,
               shall
               be
               employed
               vpon
               the
               commodities
               of
               this
               Realme
               ?
               the
               due
               performance
               whereof
               would
               not
               onely
               preuent
               the
               carrying
               away
               of
               much
               gold
               and
               siluer
               ,
               but
               also
               be
               a
               meanes
               of
               greater
               vent
               of
               our
               owne
               wares
               :
               whereof
               I
               purpose
               to
               write
               something
               more
               in
               the
               next
               part
               which
               concerneth
               our
               commerce
               with
               strangers
               .
            
             
               
               And
               now
               I
               come
               to
               the
               last
               point
               ,
               which
               I
               feare
               is
               not
               the
               least
               amongst
               the
               causes
               of
               our
               want
               of
               money
               (
               so
               farre
               as
               any
               such
               may
               bee
               :
               )
               and
               let
               it
               not
               seeme
               strange
               to
               any
               man
               ,
               that
               Trades
               should
               hurt
               and
               impouerish
               a
               Commonwealth
               ,
               since
               it
               hath
               beene
               alwayes
               accompted
               an
               excellent
               means
               to
               helpe
               and
               enrich
               the
               same
               :
               for
               ,
               as
               this
               truth
               cannot
               be
               denyed
               with
               reason
               ,
               so
               it
               is
               likewise
               most
               certain
               ,
               
               that
               the
               vnskilfull
               managing
               thereof
               hath
               euer
               prooued
               a
               great
               decay
               vnto
               those
               nations
               who
               haue
               been
               entangled
               with
               such
               errors
               .
               And
               are
               not
               
               the
               examples
               too
               frequent
               in
               many
               of
               our
               owne
               Merchants
               ,
               who
               not
               onely
               by
               the
               perils
               of
               the
               Seas
               and
               such
               like
               misfortunes
               ,
               lose
               their
               goods
               ,
               but
               also
               euen
               through
               want
               of
               knowledge
               ,
               wisely
               to
               direct
               their
               affaires
               ,
               doe
               ouerthrow
               their
               whole
               estates
               :
               neither
               may
               we
               properly
               call
               this
               their
               losse
               ,
               but
               rather
               the
               kingdomes
               losse
               in
               them
               .
               Wherefore
               it
               were
               to
               be
               wished
               ,
               that
               this
               mysterie
               of
               Merchandising
               might
               be
               left
               only
               to
               them
               ,
               
               who
               haue
               had
               an
               education
               thereunto
               ;
               and
               not
               to
               be
               vndertaken
               by
               such
               ,
               who
               leauing
               their
               proper
               vocations
               ,
               doe
               for
               want
               of
               skill
               in
               this
               ,
               both
               ouerthrow
               themselues
               &
               others
               who
               are
               better
               practised
               .
            
             
               But
               there
               is
               yet
               a
               farre
               greater
               mischiefe
               by
               our
               Trades
               beyond
               the
               Seas
               ,
               when
               peraduenture
               ,
               there
               might
               be
               imported
               yearely
               a
               greater
               value
               in
               forraine
               wares
               ,
               then
               by
               any
               way
               or
               meanes
               we
               doe
               export
               of
               our
               owne
               commodities
               ;
               
               which
               cannot
               otherwise
               come
               to
               passe
               ,
               then
               with
               a
               manifest
               impouerishing
               of
               the
               Commonwealth
               ;
               for
               as
               it
               is
               a
               certain
               cause
               to
               make
               vs
               rich
               ,
               both
               in
               stock
               &
               treasure
               ,
               when
               we
               shall
               carry
               out
               a
               greater
               value
               of
               our
               owne
               goods
               then
               we
               bring
               in
               of
               forrain
               wares
               ;
               so
               by
               consequence
               ,
               a
               course
               contrary
               to
               this
               ,
               must
               of
               necessitie
               worke
               a
               contrary
               effect
               .
            
             
               Neither
               is
               this
               importation
               meant
               otherwise
               thē
               concerning
               those
               wares
               ,
               which
               are
               consumed
               in
               this
               Realm
               :
               for
               the
               cōmodities
               which
               are
               brought
               in
               ,
               
               &
               after
               carried
               out
               vnto
               forren
               parts
               again
               ,
               cānot
               hurt
               but
               doe
               greatly
               help
               the
               cōmonwealth
               ,
               by
               encrease
               of
               his
               Maiesties
               Customes
               and
               Trades
               ,
               with
               other
               
               employments
               of
               the
               subiects
               ;
               by
               which
               particulars
               I
               might
               yet
               set
               foorth
               the
               glory
               of
               the
               
                 East
                 India
              
               Trade
               ,
               which
               hath
               brought
               into
               this
               Realme
               in
               fifteene
               moneths
               space
               ,
               
               not
               onely
               so
               much
               Spice
               ,
               as
               hath
               serued
               the
               same
               for
               the
               sayd
               time
               ;
               but
               also
               by
               the
               superfluitie
               thereof
               ,
               there
               hath
               beene
               exported
               into
               forraine
               parts
               for
               about
               215000.
               pounds
               sterling
               .
               So
               then
               let
               all
               men
               iudge
               ,
               for
               what
               a
               great
               value
               wee
               may
               hope
               hereafter
               to
               export
               yearely
               :
               when
               vnto
               these
               spices
               we
               may
               (
               by
               Gods
               assistance
               )
               add
               the
               infinite
               worth
               of
               Raw-silkes
               ,
               Indicos
               ,
               Callicoes
               ,
               and
               some
               other
               things
               :
               All
               which
               are
               to
               bee
               issued
               in
               the
               nature
               of
               Cloth
               ,
               Lead
               ,
               Tinne
               ,
               or
               any
               of
               our
               owne
               Merchandize
               to
               the
               enriching
               of
               this
               Kingdome
               by
               encrease
               of
               the
               Common-stocke
               .
               So
               then
               to
               conclude
               this
               poynt
               ,
               we
               ought
               not
               to
               auoid
               the
               importation
               of
               forraine
               wares
               ,
               but
               rather
               willingly
               to
               bridle
               our
               owne
               affections
               to
               the
               moderate
               consuming
               of
               the
               same
               :
               for
               otherwise
               ,
               howsoeuer
               the
               
                 East
                 India
              
               Trade
               in
               particular
               is
               an
               excellent
               meanes
               greatly
               to
               encrease
               the
               stocke
               of
               mony
               which
               we
               send
               thither
               yearely
               ,
               
               by
               returning
               home
               fiue
               times
               the
               value
               thereof
               in
               rich
               commodities
               ,
               all
               which
               (
               in
               short
               time
               )
               may
               bee
               conuerted
               into
               Treasure
               ,
               as
               is
               plainly
               shewd
               already
               in
               Page
               25.
               
               Yet
               notwithstanding
               ,
               if
               these
               
                 Indian
              
               wares
               thus
               brought
               home
               ,
               cannot
               be
               spared
               to
               serue
               for
               that
               purpose
               of
               Treasure
               ;
               but
               must
               be
               sent
               forth
               together
               with
               our
               owne
               natiue
               commodities
               :
               and
               yet
               all
               little
               enough
               to
               prouide
               our
               excesse
               and
               extraordinary
               consume
               of
               forraine
               wares
               :
               then
               is
               it
               likewise
               as
               certaine
               that
               
               the
               generall
               Trade
               of
               this
               Kingdome
               doth
               hinder
               and
               diuert
               the
               comming
               in
               of
               the
               said
               Treasure
               ,
               by
               ouer-ballancing
               the
               value
               of
               our
               wares
               exported
               ;
               with
               the
               importation
               and
               immoderate
               consume
               of
               forraine
               Commodities
               .
            
             
               Therefore
               ,
               forasmuch
               as
               the
               number
               of
               the
               people
               in
               this
               Realme
               ,
               are
               thought
               to
               be
               greatly
               increased
               of
               late
               time
               (
               both
               in
               themselues
               and
               strangers
               )
               whereby
               necessarily
               the
               Commodities
               of
               this
               Kingdome
               ,
               and
               also
               forraine
               wares
               ,
               are
               the
               more
               consumed
               and
               wasted
               ,
               a
               double
               meanes
               to
               abate
               the
               Common-wealth
               ;
               )
               it
               therefore
               concerneth
               vs
               all
               in
               generall
               ,
               and
               euery
               man
               in
               his
               particular
               ,
               to
               stirre
               vp
               our
               minds
               ,
               and
               diligence
               ,
               to
               helpe
               the
               naturall
               Commodities
               of
               this
               Realme
               by
               industrie
               ,
               and
               increase
               of
               Arts
               ;
               seeing
               that
               the
               materials
               cannot
               bee
               wanting
               to
               make
               such
               Stuffes
               ,
               and
               other
               things
               as
               are
               daily
               brought
               vnto
               vs
               from
               forraine
               parts
               ,
               to
               the
               great
               aduantage
               of
               Strangers
               ,
               and
               to
               our
               no
               lesse
               dammage
               .
               Neither
               should
               we
               neglect
               the
               riches
               which
               our
               Seas
               affoord
               ,
               whilest
               other
               Nations
               by
               their
               labour
               doe
               procure
               themselues
               great
               Treasure
               from
               the
               same
               .
               
               And
               as
               the
               diligent
               performance
               of
               these
               things
               ,
               would
               plentifully
               maintaine
               the
               poore
               ,
               and
               much
               increase
               the
               common
               stocke
               of
               this
               Kingdome
               :
               so
               likewise
               for
               the
               better
               furtherance
               thereof
               ,
               wee
               ought
               religiously
               to
               auoid
               our
               common
               excesses
               of
               food
               and
               rayment
               ,
               which
               is
               growne
               to
               such
               a
               height
               in
               most
               degrees
               of
               people
               (
               aboue
               their
               abilitie
               )
               that
               it
               is
               now
               beyond
               all
               example
               of
               former
               ages
               .
               Neither
               is
               it
               
               needfull
               for
               me
               ,
               to
               set
               downe
               the
               particulars
               of
               these
               abuses
               ;
               for
               they
               are
               too
               well
               knowne
               :
               and
               I
               am
               confident
               ,
               that
               the
               wisedome
               of
               our
               Gouernment
               doth
               endeuour
               to
               see
               them
               as
               well
               amended
               ,
               to
               the
               glorie
               of
               God
               ,
               the
               honour
               of
               the
               King
               ,
               and
               the
               good
               of
               the
               Common-wealth
               .
               
                 Amen
                 .
              
            
          
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
         
      
    
     
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A07886-e890
           
             
               The
               First
               part
            
             concerneth
             the
             vse
             of
             
               Indian
            
             wares
             .
          
           
             
               Sir.
               
                 Thomas
                 Elyot
              
               his
               Castle
               of
               health
               .
               
                 Rembert
                 Dodoneus
              
               his
               history
               of
               
                 Plants
                 .
              
            
             
               The
               
                 French
                 Academy
              
               second
               part
               ,
               and
               others
               .
            
          
           
             
               France
            
             and
             the
             Low
             Countries
             of
             late
             yeares
             do
             make
             great
             quantities
             of
             wrought
             silke
             ,
             of
             which
             wares
             they
             were
             heretofore
             serued
             from
             
               Italy
               .
            
          
           
             France
             ,
             Italy
             ,
             South
             Barbary
             ,
             
               and
               other
               Countries
               .
            
          
           
             
               The
               Second
               part
            
             Sheweth
             the
             manner
             &
             the
             meanes
             by
             which
             
               Indian
            
             wares
             haue
             beene
             and
             now
             are
             brought
             into
             
               Europe
               .
            
          
           
             b
             Rates
             vpon
             all
             sorts
             of
             Spices
             .
             22.
             per
             cent
             .
             Rawe-Silkes
             esteemed
             about
             2.
             per
             cent
             .
             
               Indico
            
             about
             8.
             per
             cent
             .
          
           
             Such
             people
             as
             affect
             not
             the
             good
             of
             this
             Kingdome
             
          
           
             The
             quantitie
             of
             Spice
             ,
             Indico
             ,
             and
             
               Persian
            
             Raw-Silke
             ,
             yeerely
             consumed
             in
             Europe
             .
          
           
             The
             exportation
             of
             the
             value
             of
             953543.
             l.
             starling
             out
             of
             Christendome
             into
             
               Turkey
            
             yeerely
             saued
             .
          
           
             Instance
             only
             ,
             that
             ten
             shillings
             imployed
             in
             
               Pepper
            
             in
             the
             
               East-Indies
               ,
            
             will
             require
             thirty
             and
             fiue
             shillings
             for
             all
             charges
             whatsoeuer
             to
             deliuer
             it
             in
             
               London
               .
            
          
           
             The
             great
             Summes
             of
             money
             which
             the
             
               Persians
            
             and
             the
             
               Indians
            
             carrie
             yeerely
             out
             of
             
               Turkey
               .
            
          
           
             The
             
               East-India
            
             Companie
             doe
             endeauor
             to
             bring
             the
             Raw-Silkes
             from
             
               Persia
            
             directly
             by
             Sea.
             
          
           
             
               Marcellis
               sendeth
               yeerely
               to
               
                 Aleppo
              
               &
               
                 Alexandria
              
               at
               least
               500000.
               l.
               sterling
               ,
               and
               little
               or
               no
               wares
               .
               
                 Venice
              
               sendes
               about
               the
               value
               of
               100000.
               l.
               and
               a
               great
               value
               in
               wares
               .
            
             
               The
               Lowcountries
               sends
               about
               the
               value
               of
               50000.
               l.
               sterling
               monies
               ,
               and
               litle
               wares
               .
               
                 Messina
              
               25000.
               l.
               in
               ready
               money
               .
            
          
           
             
               Abissians
            
             a
             people
             in
             
               Ethiopia
            
             whose
             influence
             hath
             made
             them
             dull
             ,
             lazy
             and
             without
             artes
             ;
             enioying
             diuers
             Mines
             of
             Gold
             and
             one
             of
             Siluer
             ,
             which
             doe
             procure
             their
             wants
             of
             forren
             wares
             .
          
           
             
               Turkey
            
             hath
             litle
             meanes
             for
             Linnen
             but
             onely
             from
             
               India
               .
            
          
           
             The
             proceedings
             of
             some
             States
             in
             
               Italy
            
             for
             the
             maintenance
             of
             Artes.
             
          
           
             The
             ready
             moneys
             which
             are
             yearly
             carried
             from
             some
             States
             of
             
               Italy
            
             into
             
               Sicilia
               .
            
          
           
             How
             
               Marcellis
            
             and
             
               Venice
            
             are
             furnished
             with
             ready
             moneys
             .
          
           
             The
             
               Italyan
               Merchants
            
             doe
             furnish
             the
             king
             of
             
               Spaine
            
             with
             money
             in
             
               Italy
            
             and
             
               Flanders
               .
            
          
           
             
               The
               third
               part
            
             doth
             shew
             how
             the
             
               East-India
               ,
            
             Trade
             doth
             enrich
             this
             Kingdome
             .
          
           
             How
             much
             money
             and
             wares
             the
             
               East-India
            
             Company
             haue
             sent
             forth
             euer
             sithence
             the
             beginning
             of
             this
             Trade
             .
          
           
             The
             vent
             of
             
               English
            
             wares
             increased
             in
             the
             
               Indies
            
          
           
             Our
             stock
             may
             be
             much
             increased
             by
             Trade
             from
             Port
             to
             Porte
             in
             the
             
               Indies
               .
            
          
           
             The
             moneys
             sent
             to
             the
             
               Indies
            
             is
             all
             forren
             Coyne
             -
          
           
             The
             
               East-India
            
             Companie
             are
             obliged
             .
          
           
             to
             bring
             in
             as
             much
             money
             as
             they
             carry
             out
             of
             the
             Realme
             .
          
           
             Tobacco
             ,
             Raysons
             ,
             Oyles
             ,
             and
             Wines
             ,
             whereof
             there
             is
             no
             want
             ,
             but
             rather
             too
             much
             Smoake
             .
          
           
             A
             propotion
             of
             such
             Trade
             as
             is
             hoped
             yeerely
             to
             be
             brought
             into
             this
             Realme
             from
             
               East-India
               .
            
          
           
             How
             much
             the
             kingdomes
             stocke
             may
             increase
             yeerely
             by
             trading
             to
             the
             
               East-Indies
               .
            
          
           
             2500.
             
             Tonnes
             of
             shipping
             wil
             lade
             home
             all
             the
             wares
             afore
             written
             from
             the
             
               East-Indies
               .
            
             And
             the
             materialls
             of
             the
             said
             shipping
             (
             vnwrought
             )
             is
             worth
             about
             15000
             
               l.
            
             sterling
             
          
           
             
               India
            
             wares
             wil
             bring
             readie
             moneys
             into
             the
             Realme
             .
          
           
             We
             haue
             no
             other
             meanes
             to
             procure
             Treasure
             but
             by
             Trade
             and
             Merchandize
             .
          
           
             The
             
               French
            
             and
             the
             
               Venetians
            
             send
             the
             vallue
             of
             600000.
             l.
             sterling
             yeerely
             in
             ready
             money
             into
             
               Turkey
               .
            
          
           
             Trade
             maketh
             some
             States
             very
             rich
             which
             haue
             little
             other
             meanes
             .
          
           
             If
             the
             generall
             Trade
             of
             this
             kingdome
             doth
             export
             a
             greater
             value
             in
             wares
             then
             it
             doth
             import
             yearely
             ,
             then
             doth
             our
             treasure
             increase
             
          
           
             The
             trade
             to
             the
             
               East-Indies
            
             may
             be
             said
             to
             export
             480000
             poundes
             and
             to
             importe
             120000.
             l.
             yearely
             .
             So
             the
             ouerballance
             is
             360000.
             poundes
             sterling
             .
          
           
             Euery
             action
             ought
             especially
             to
             be
             considered
             in
             his
             ende
             .
          
           
             The
             
               East-Indian
            
             wares
             which
             were
             sent
             beyond
             the
             seas
             ,
             are
             sould
             and
             haue
             then
             finall
             end
             in
             money
             ,
             which
             might
             be
             brought
             into
             this
             Realme
             in
             that
             kind
             ,
             if
             our
             other
             Trades
             did
             not
             diuert
             the
             same
             .
          
           
             
               The
               first
               part
            
             concerneth
             the
             folly
             of
             the
             Obiection
             .
          
           
             The
             prouidence
             of
             the
             
               East-India
            
             company
             for
             timber
             and
             Planke
             .
          
           
             The
             
               East-India
            
             Trade
             hath
             not
             indeared
             the
             materialls
             which
             serue
             to
             make
             Shippes
             
          
           
             
               The
               second
               Part
            
             sheweth
             the
             mistaking
             in
             the
             Obiection
             
          
           
             The
             warlike
             prouision
             which
             the
             
               East-India
            
             Companie
             keepe
             in
             store
             
          
           
             His
             Maiesties
             strength
             in
             the
             
               East-India
            
             Company
             alone
             .
          
           
             The
             shippes
             which
             returne
             from
             the
             
               East-Indies
            
             home
             ,
             may
             be
             repayred
             in
             a
             very
             short
             time
             .
          
           
             The
             first
             Part
             concerneth
             Dearth
             .
          
           
             The
             manner
             how
             the
             East
             India
             Company
             do
             victuall
             their
             ships
             .
          
           
             The
             Second
             Part
             concerneth
             Mortality
             
          
           
             Good
             Marriners
             are
             accounted
             worthy
             men
             in
             a
             Common-wealth
             .
          
           
             The
             breeding
             of
             400.
             
             Marriners
             yearely
             .
             Besides
             that
             the
             feare
             of
             a
             few
             mens
             death
             ought
             not
             to
             ouerthrow
             or
             hinder
             the
             performance
             of
             honourable
             actions
             for
             the
             seruice
             of
             the
             King
             and
             cōmonwealth
             .
          
           
             Our
             Marriners
             owne
             disordered
             life
             is
             that
             which
             killeth
             many
             of
             them
             .
          
           
             The
             third
             Part
             concernes
             the
             decay
             of
             shipping
             which
             haue
             beene
             sent
             to
             the
             Indies
             .
          
           
             Our
             troubles
             with
             the
             Dutch
             
          
           
             The
             summe
             of
             the
             affaires
             to
             the
             East
             Indies
             euer
             since
             the
             Trade
             began
             .
          
           
             Account
             of
             all
             the
             money
             and
             goods
             which
             hath
             been
             sent
             to
             the
             East
             Indies
             euer
             since
             the
             beginning
             of
             the
             Trade
             .
          
           
             356288.
             l.
             sterling
             hath
             been
             returned
             from
             the
             East
             Indies
             which
             did
             produce
             here
             towards
             charges
             1914600.
             sterling
             .
          
           
             There
             remains
             yet
             in
             the
             East
             Indies
             to
             be
             returned
             home
             from
             thence
             about
             400000
             l.
             starling
             .
          
           
             Concerning
             the
             decay
             of
             shipping
             and
             Trade
             into
             Turkey
             .
          
           
             The
             Turkey
             Merchants
             can
             and
             will
             iustify
             this
             truth
             .
          
           
             The
             strength
             of
             the
             East
             India
             ships
             .
          
           
             The
             fourth
             Part
             concernes
             the
             pouerty
             of
             widdowes
             ,
             &
             c·
             
          
           
             The
             East
             India
             Trade
             doth
             employ
             many
             poore
             men
             ,
             &
             deboist
             people
             which
             other
             trades
             refuse
             
          
           
             Wages
             before
             hand
             is
             not
             giuen
             in
             other
             Merchants
             voyages
             ,
             neither
             yet
             so
             great
             wages
             as
             the
             East
             India
             company
             pay
             .
          
           
             When
             did
             any
             of
             these
             widdowes
             beg
             for
             reliefe
             in
             our
             Churches
             as
             others
             often
             doe
             ?
          
           
             The
             East
             India
             company
             their
             charity
             .
          
           
             The
             fift
             Part
             concerneth
             the
             cheapnesse
             of
             Spice
             and
             Indico
             at
             this
             present
             in
             respect
             of
             former
             times
             .
          
           
             Prices
             of
             spice
             and
             Indico
             in
             former
             times
             .
          
           
             Prices
             of
             spice
             and
             Indico
             in
             these
             later
             times
             .
          
           
             Lesse
             then
             18.
             thousand
             pounds
             sterling
             in
             the
             Indies
             ,
             will
             buy
             Spice
             and
             Indico
             to
             serue
             this
             Realme
             for
             a
             yeare
             ,
             which
             is
             not
             halte
             so
             much
             money
             as
             it
             spendeth
             beyond
             the
             seas
             to
             buy
             Currans
             onely
             ,
             or
             to
             buy
             Tobacco
             .
          
           
             The
             wares
             only
             which
             are
             sent
             out
             of
             this
             kingdome
             into
             the
             East
             Indies
             are
             of
             sufficient
             value
             to
             〈…〉
             this
             Realme
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             Indian
             wares
             ,
             Persian
             Raw
             Silkes
             only
             accepted
             )
          
           
             The
             first
             Part
             concerneth
             his
             Maiesties
             Mint
             
          
           
             25000.
             pounds
             waight
             at
             least
             of
             Siluer
             yearely
             melted
             down
             into
             Plate
             ,
             besides
             old
             Plate
             new
             fashioned
             ,
             as
             by
             credible
             report
             .
          
           
             There
             hath
             bin
             coyned
             great
             store
             of
             Gold
             &
             Siluer
             in
             his
             Maiesties
             Mint
             since
             the
             East
             India
             Trade
             began
             .
          
           
             There
             hath
             bin
             little
             or
             no
             Siluer
             coyned
             in
             some
             yeares
             ,
             when
             the
             East
             India
             Company
             sent
             out
             very
             small
             sums
             of
             money
             .
          
           
             Some
             causes
             and
             meanes
             which
             were
             wont
             to
             bring
             Siluer
             into
             the
             Realme
             ,
             are
             ceased
             at
             this
             present
             time
             .
          
           
             The
             Second
             Part
             concerneth
             the
             putting
             downe
             of
             the
             East
             India
             Trade
             .
          
           
             The
             East-India
             Trade
             is
             greatly
             desired
             by
             other
             Christian
             Nations
             .
          
           
             The
             Dutch
             might
             grow
             strong
             and
             rich
             by
             our
             destruction
             .
          
           
             The
             Third
             Part
             concerneth
             the
             councel
             which
             the
             Obiecters
             demaund
             .
          
           
             The
             riches
             of
             a
             Kingdome
             is
             of
             two
             sorts
             .
          
           
             This
             kind
             of
             industry
             maketh
             some
             Countries
             which
             are
             poor
             in
             themselues
             ,
             to
             grow
             rich
             and
             strong
             by
             other
             Nations
             ,
             who
             haue
             greater
             meanes
             ,
             and
             are
             lesse
             industrious
             .
          
           
             Foure
             Principall
             Causes
             which
             carry
             away
             our
             Gold
             and
             Siluer
             .
          
           
             The
             First
             Cause
             concerneth
             the
             Standard
             .
          
           
             Proceeding
             against
             entercourse
             .
          
           
             The
             Second
             Cause
             concerneth
             the
             Exchanges
             of
             moneys
             with
             forreine
             Countries
             .
          
           
             The
             practise
             of
             those
             strangers
             here
             in
             this
             Realme
             ,
             who
             make
             a
             Trade
             by
             Exchange
             of
             moneys
             .
          
           
             Forraine
             wares
             brought
             in
             with
             our
             ready
             moneys
             carryed
             out
             of
             this
             Realme·
             
          
           
             The
             third
             cause
             concerneth
             neglect
             of
             duties
             .
          
           
             Our
             heauy
             money
             is
             conueyed
             beyond
             the
             seas
             and
             melted
             downe
             here
             in
             the
             realme
             .
          
           
             Anno
             17.
             
             Edw.
             4.
             
          
           
             The
             fourth
             cause
             concerneth
             our
             cōmerce
             with
             strangers
             .
          
           
             Vnskilfull
             Merchants
             ouerthrow
             our
             Trades
             .
          
           
             Merchants
             by
             education
             are
             onely
             fit
             to
             trade
             in
             forren
             parts
             .
          
           
             How
             rich
             cōmonwealths
             may
             become
             poore
             .
          
           
             Forrain
             wares
             brought
             in
             for
             Transito
             cannot
             hurt
             ,
             but
             greatly
             helpe
             the
             common-wealth
             .
          
           
             Hopes
             to
             increase
             Trade
             by
             exportation
             of
             Indian
             wares
             to
             forrain
             parts
             
          
           
             The
             particular
             Trade
             to
             the
             East
             Indies
             wil
             bring
             great
             store
             of
             treasure
             into
             this
             Realme
             ,
             if
             the
             generall
             Trade
             of
             this
             kingdome
             doe
             not
             hinder
             and
             consume
             it
             
          
           
             The
             Dutch
             in
             particular
             ,
             are
             said
             to
             reape
             such
             infinite
             wealth
             yearely
             by
             this
             fishing
             Trade
             ,
             that
             without
             more
             certain
             knowledge
             thereof
             I
             dare
             not
             set
             downe
             the
             sum
             ,
             it
             seemeth
             so
             vncredible
             .