subject-eastIndiaCompany-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-24 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 36 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 332,400 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 9,233 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 86. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

trade, shall, company, english, may, india, will, great, east, england, one, ships, time, much, now, yet, men, made, must, dutch, king, tcp, text, many, nation, first, home, make, goods, companies, good, two, money, also, others, without, court, therefore, people, general, us, french, might, eebo, merchants, haue, part, since, law, stock

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are Britannia languens: or, A discourse of trade shewing, that the present management of trade in England, is the true reason of the decay of our manufactures, and the late great fall of land-rents; and that the increase of trade, in the method it now stands in, must proportionably decay England. Wherein is particularly demonstrated, that the East-India Company, as now managed, has already near destroyed our trade in those parts, as well as that with Turky, and in short time must necessarily beggar the nation. Humbly offered to the consideration of this present Parliament., The lawes or standing orders of the East India Company, and The East-India-trade a most profitable trade to the kingdom. And best secured and improved in a company, and a joint-stock. Represented in a letter written upon the occasion of two letters lately published, insinuating the contrary..

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

india company, early english, english books, books online, east india, india trade, text creation, creation partnership, thousand pounds, page images, per annum, per cent, tcp schema, image sets, represented either, characters represented, sir william, william courten, east indies, companies ships, forreign trade, letters patents, hee shall, foreign trade, shall haue, woollen manufacture, early works, common law, states general, will never, will remain, commercial purposes, xml conversion, now take, tiff page, encoded text, work described, true nature, markup reviewed, asking permission, proquest page, large quantities, providing financial, creative commons, images scanned, encoded edition, bit group, tcp assigned, financial support, institutions providing

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are The lawes or standing orders of the East India Company A reply on behalf of the present East-India Company, to a paper of complaints, commonly called, The thirteen articles delivered by their adversaries, to the members of the honourable House of Commons., and By-laws proposed by the governour, deputy-governour, and committee of nine, pursuant to an order of the general court for the better manageing and regulating the companies affairs and approved of in a general court of the East-India Company, holden the 17th. of January, 1694/5..

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

tcp, company, trade, india, east, english, king, indies, england, court, sea, goods, dutch, william, subjects, states, sir, ships, nation, manufactures, law, kingdome, kingdom, courten, companies, charter, captain, yard, world, treaty, treasure, timber, stock, statute, staple, siluer, richard, realme, president, prerogative, power, portugals, port, petitioners, people, officers, navigation, nations, national, money

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be trade, and By-laws proposed by the governour, deputy-governour, and committee of nine, pursuant to an order of the general court for the better manageing and regulating the companies affairs and approved of in a general court of the East-India Company, holden the 17th. of January, 1694/5. is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

1. said - A brief remonstrance of the grand grievances and oppressions suffered by Sir William Courten and Sir Paul Pyndar, knts., deceased as also by their heirs, executors, administrators, and creditors : humbly represented to both Houses of Parliament, prorogued to 21 October 1680 : faithfully collected out of several courts of record, orders of counsel, and treaties of peace and common alliance : with several remarks thereupon for the improvement of naviagation, trade, and commerce / by John Brown.
2. trade - Britannia languens: or, A discourse of trade shewing, that the present management of trade in England, is the true reason of the decay of our manufactures, and the late great fall of land-rents; and that the increase of trade, in the method it now stands in, must proportionably decay England. Wherein is particularly demonstrated, that the East-India Company, as now managed, has already near destroyed our trade in those parts, as well as that with Turky, and in short time must necessarily beggar the nation. Humbly offered to the consideration of this present Parliament.
3. shall - The lawes or standing orders of the East India Company

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

1. company, trade, india - The Argument of the Lord Chief Justice of the Court of King''s Bench concerning the great case of monopolies, between the East-India Company, plantiff, and Thomas Sandys, defendant wherein their patent for trading to the East-Indies, exclusive of all others, is adjudged good.
2. trade, nation, french - Britannia languens: or, A discourse of trade shewing, that the present management of trade in England, is the true reason of the decay of our manufactures, and the late great fall of land-rents; and that the increase of trade, in the method it now stands in, must proportionably decay England. Wherein is particularly demonstrated, that the East-India Company, as now managed, has already near destroyed our trade in those parts, as well as that with Turky, and in short time must necessarily beggar the nation. Humbly offered to the consideration of this present Parliament.
3. india, haue, east - A true declaration of the intollerable wrongs done to Richard Boothby, merchant of India, by two lewd servants to the honorable East India Company, Richard Wylde and George Page as also a remonstrance of the partiall, ingratefull and unjust proceeds of the India Court at home against the said Richard Boothby ... with petition to ... King Charles and the ... Parliament for justice ...
4. shall, said, company - The lawes or standing orders of the East India Company
5. said, sir, states - A brief remonstrance of the grand grievances and oppressions suffered by Sir William Courten and Sir Paul Pyndar, knts., deceased as also by their heirs, executors, administrators, and creditors : humbly represented to both Houses of Parliament, prorogued to 21 October 1680 : faithfully collected out of several courts of record, orders of counsel, and treaties of peace and common alliance : with several remarks thereupon for the improvement of naviagation, trade, and commerce / by John Brown.

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

time, men, others, trade, money, ships, text, home, part, people, years, nation, l., goods, man, texts, parts, hath, reason, subjects, way, characters, times, books, value, t, works, number, company, xml, things, work, pounds, increase, commodities, charge, advantage, thing, images, power, page, p., rest, place, year, day, companies, viz, ship, persons

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

be, is, have, are, was, said, were, had, being, been, made, do, make, did, take, having, brought, taken, sent, according, done, encoded, set, say, given, come, concerning, give, bring, think, let, exported, see, has, put, found, lost, granted, carried, based, haue, thought, am, vnto, published, returned, buy, appears, imported, pay

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

trade, india, company, english, east, england, king, tcp, dutch, court, ships, sir, indies, mr., c., law, companies, hath, kingdom, sea, merchants, forreign, london, stock, committees, parliament, france, manufacture, nation, manufactures, text, french, eebo, tei, general, treasure, holland, foreign, goods, nations, william, haue, charter, port, l., oxford, war, land, god, laws

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

their, it, they, our, his, i, them, he, we, my, him, us, me, you, themselves, your, her, its, himself, ours, she, theirs, vp, thy, vnto, ''em, one, mine, whereof, thee, yours, ●, yeelde, u, tollit, thirty, hers, au, ''s

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

other, great, such, more, many, same, own, good, much, present, first, true, english, several, late, greater, early, particular, new, general, last, least, french, little, common, former, necessary, like, dutch, most, better, whole, due, free, available, second, private, large, best, less, old, few, able, small, publick, ready, open, considerable, sufficient, next

not, so, then, now, more, as, also, therefore, much, very, out, yet, most, only, well, there, never, here, in, first, before, up, onely, thereof, ever, thus, otherwise, together, far, rather, even, abroad, away, long, especially, thereby, again, too, likewise, home, still, formerly, about, perhaps, therein, already, over, further, online, off

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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