Of our obligation to put our trust in God, rather than in men, and of the advantages of it in a sermon preached before the honourable society of Grayes-inn, upon the occasion of the death of our late Royal Sovereign Queen Mary / by William Wake ... Wake, William, 1657-1737. 1695 Approx. 55 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 21 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2005-10 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A66214 Wing W247 ESTC R4700 12376334 ocm 12376334 60624 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. 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Copies of the texts have been issued variously as SGML (TCP schema; ASCII text with mnemonic sdata character entities); displayable XML (TCP schema; characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or text strings within braces); or lossless XML (TEI P5, characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or TEI g elements). Keying and markup guidelines are available at the Text Creation Partnership web site . eng Mary -- II, -- Queen of England, 1662-1694 -- Sermons. Trust in God -- Sermons. Death -- Sermons. 2004-11 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2004-11 Aptara Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2005-01 Jonathan Blaney Sampled and proofread 2005-01 Jonathan Blaney Text and markup reviewed and edited 2005-04 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion Of our Obligation To put our Trust in God , rather than in Men , and of the Advantages of it . IN A SERMON Preached before the Honourable Society OF GRAYES-INN : Upon the Occasion of the Death of our late Royal Sovereign Queen Mary , By William Wake , D. D. Chaplain in Ordinary to his Majesty , and Preacher to the same Society . Published at the Request of several of the Masters of the Bench , and others , that heard it . LONDON : Printed for R. Sare at Grayes-Inn-gate in Holbourn , 1695. Psal. cxlvi . 3 , 4 , 5. Put not your Trust in Princes , nor in the Son of Man in whom there is no Help . His Breath goeth forth , He returneth to his Earth ; In that very Day his Thoughts perish . Happy is he who hath the God of Jacob for his Help , whose Hope is in the LORD his God. IF ever any People had a just Occasion given them to enter upon those Reflections which these words naturally present to us ; and to consider , How little dependance is to be placed upon the * Best or Greatest among the Children of Men : I may with confidence say , that we of this Nation , have at this time , a most eminent Occasion given us by the Divine Providence so to do . It has pleased God , within these few days , to deprive us of a most excellent Princess ; under whom , we had flatter'd our selves , that we should have long enjoy'd , a more than ordinary Portion , of Happiness and Prosperity . A Person she was , as by the Greatness of her Character qualified beyond most Others to have become a National Blessing ; so by the many incomparable Endowments , God had bestow'd upon her , in a singular manner disposed so to be . And as this raised our hopes into some more than ordinary Expectations from her ; so that firmness of Constitution which she enjoy'd , accompanied with a yet early and vigorous Youth , seem'd to promise us , that we should be many years blessed under the influence both of her Authority and of her Example . But alas ! how suddainly are all these Hope 's cut off , and our Expectations brought to an End ! And nothing left us but the sad Reflection , how grievously mistaken we were in our Opinion of our own Happiness ; and how little trust is to be put in Any , but that God , who alone enjoys a Certainty of Being , and therefore can alone with safety be depended upon . In the words before us , there are these two things that naturally offer themselves to our Consideration : First , That it is a vain thing to put our Trust in any Man , be his Rank or Condition never so great ; upon this double Account , ( 1 ) That his Power to help us , is very small : ver . 3. And , ( 2. ) His Continuance short and uncertain , ver . 4. And therefore to Trust in such a person , must be to repose our Confidence in One , who oftentimes cannot help us ; and , in a little while , will fail us . Secondly , That he who will place his Trust upon a sure foundation , must place it upon God ; who alone is always able , and will always continue in a Condition , to help and defend us . And , First , That it is a very vain thing to put our Trust in any Man , be his Rank or Condition never so Great ; Because both his Power to help is very small , and his Continuance short and uncertain : And therefore to Trust in such a Person , must be to build our Hope upon one who oftentimes may not be Able to help us ; and very probably , in a little while will fail us . This is a Consideration , both so certain in its self , and so Obvious even to the meanest Capacity ; that did we not see Men every day overlook it in their practice , one might think it hardly needful to offer any Arguments , either to Illustrate , or to Confirm the Truth of it . If ( 1 ) We consider the Power , of the Greatest Persons , to help us ; Alas ! How little is it at the Best ? And , for the most part , How useless to us ? In how many Cases does it surpass their Power to do us any Good ? And even in those in which it may seem the most in their Power to assist us ; yet how many Accidents may there fall out , to prevent us from being at all the better for it ? It may be they are Unwilling to grant us what we desire of them . Perhaps they are disposed to do Somewhat for us ; but they will not be perswaded to do so Much as our needs require : And so spoil all the Advantage we hoped to have reaped from their Kindness to us , for want of making their Supply suitable to our Occasions . It may be they are willing to do All that we desire of them , but not Presently : They put off the time ; till at last , by their delays , their favour comes too late to us . Or lastly ; It is possible that in a little while they may Change their Minds , and with them , their Affections towards us . And so where we thought to have found a Friend , we meet an Enemy : One who is disposed rather to do us a mischief , than to lend any Help or Assistance to us . So Impotent ; so Trifling ; so Uncertain , and Dis-ingenuous a Creature , is Man ! And then , What a Vanity must it be for any one to place his Trust upon the Interest or Authority , the Love or Favour of such a One ? Who in the chiefest of our needs , cannot Help us at all : And in those , wherein he is able to relieve us , will be apt either altogether to fail us ; Or else to mix so much of Humane Frailty and Infirmity with his Favour , as shall render it of very little Use and Value to us . Nor let any one think that there is any Order of Men exempted from the force of these Reflections . Even the greatest Persons lye open to them , no less than those of a lower degree . Their Power indeed is Greater , and they can do much more for us than other Men. But yet still it is far short of our Wants ; And cannot answer one half of those Exigencies , in which we shall stand in need of some one to Help and Assist us . Their Minds are Mutable no less than Other Mens : And they are by so much the more likely to Change in their Affections towards us , by how much the more they are exposed to the Delusions of those about them ; who are still envious of such as they take into their particular Favour ; and will therefore be still endeavouring , by all imaginable ways , to bring us into Disgrace with them . Their Favours are , generally , the Longest in Coming , and the Hardest to be Obtain'd : Whilst the very Formality which attends the Dispensing of them , oftentimes , Costs so much , and causes such Delays ; as is utterly inconsistent with many of those Wants , wherein we might otherwise promise our selves the most considerable Advantage from their Favour and Affection towards us . And from all which we must therefore conclude , That it is a very vain thing to place any confidence in Man upon this first Account , viz. That the Power , even of the greatest Persons , to Help us is exceeding Small ; exposed to so many Casualties , and attended with such Inconveniencies , as renders it of very little Use , and of no Dependance at all to us . But ( 2dly ) Were the Case quite otherwise ; were there any Order of Men so perfect , in all other Respects , that they Could supply us with All that we should ever be likely to Want , and Would give us whatsoever we should Desire : And were their Inclinations towards us so Fixt and Immutable , that we might depend upon them that they would never forsake us , but be at all times ready to Grant us whatsoever we should ask of them : Yet still their Life is so Uncertain , and , at the best , so Short ; that it would be a very vain thing for us , after all , to set up our Trust and Confidence upon them . For alas ! Where is the Man so Great and Self-sufficient , that can secure himself the next Hours Breath ? And in the heighth of all his Fortune presume to say , that to Morrow shall not lay him Equal with the Dust , and return him to the Earth from whence he was taken ? It is an extraordinary Character which the Holy Spirit gives to some Persons , Psal. lxxxii . 6. I have said that ye are Gods , and that ye are all the Children of the most High. And yet what follows immediately upon it ? A Sad , but Certain Truth : Nevertheless ye shall Die like Men. This is the Conclusion of all ; The Common End of the Greatest , as well as of the Meanest , Persons . Here they may seem to be a Sort of Gods upon Earth : May dispense the Fortunes of Men as they please ; Set up , whom they will set up ; and Pull down , whom they will pull down . They may be Honour'd too as Such , by Those who know no Religion above their Interests ; nor think any Divinity more worthy of their Regard , than Those who have it in their power to promote them to Riches , and Honour , and Authority . But Death observes none of these Formalities . When that strikes , the Crowned Head falls as surely before it , as He who had not where to lay his Head , till the Grave afforded him a place for it . All the difference is , that as such Persons are exposed to more Dangers , and subject to Greater Hazards , than lesser Men ; so are their Lives more Uncertain ; and , generally Speaking , more Short too . A Cottage may , and oftentimes do's afford us an Example of a Vigorous Old Age : But this is a Sight which the Palaces of Princes are seldom blessed with ; nor can it reasonably be expected they should often Enjoy it . And when this is the Case , what a folly must it be to build our Hope upon such Protectors ? Who are so far from being able to Help us , that alas ! they are not able to Help themselves , in those Instances , in which both They and We , the most , stand in need of Assistance . Whose Breath is not their Own : Who live by the meer Favour of Another : Who to day appear in Glory and Honour ; and to morrow go down into the Grave , and yield to the Fate of other Ordinary Men. So foolish a thing is it , in point of Reason , to put our Trust in Man ; be the Place , the Power , or Authority which he Enjoys , what it will. And for a yet more sensible confirmation of this Great Truth ; give me leave , but briefly , to illustrate it to you , in that Fatal Evidence it has pleased God at this time to give us , in the Person of our late Royal Soveraign ; How little dependance is to be placed upon any Human Support ; upon the Best , or Greatest of the Children of Men. If , First , We consider Her with respect to her Power and Dignity ; She was Queen of a Mighty and Renowned People : Endued with the Highest Authority that a Crown could give her ; and in that with the largest Capacity that any Creature could pretend to , of Doing Good. Her Opportunities were Many , and her Advantages very Great for such a Purpose . Much was expected from Her ; and we must , with Gratitude , Acknowledge , that much she did Do. For indeed , 2ly ; Her Will was not at all Less , nay I may venture to say , it was much Greater than her Power . Nor did she value any thing so much in the Eminence of that Station to which it had pleased God to raise her amongst us ; as that it put her in a Condition of extending the Exercise of her Vertues a great deal farther , than it had been possible for her to have done in a Lesser Fortune . Never was there Any in so High a Place , more free and easie of Access , even to the most Ordinary Persons : More Desirous to Oblige all , or that better knew how to Do it . Insomuch that I believe it has seldom been known that Any ever Applied to Her , but what have gone away Easie and Contented from Her : And either obtained what they wanted , or not known how to Complain , if they have not . The truth is , She was a Person in whom Nature and Grace seem to have concurr'd , to make up One great Master-piece of Excellency and Perfection . Her Natural Disposition was Free and Generous ; Open and Sincere . She had a Sweetness of Temper , finish'd and heightned with a large mixture of Christian Charity and Compassion : Such as never loved to see any in Misery , Otherwise than as it gave her an Opportunity thereby of Doing somewhat for them to make them Easie. Thus was she fitted to Do Good : And a singular Dexterity She had in the Doing of it . She knew What was fit to be done for Every One ; and After what Manner ; and At what Time. And seldom did She Vouchsafe a Favour to Any , but the very Way that she bestow'd it in , doubled the Obligation ; and made a deeper Impression upon the Mind of Him who receiv'd it , than the Benefit it self did . In short ; So Great was her Comprehension ; So Correct her Judgment ; So Easie her Dispatch , of whatever came before her ; That God seemed to have fitted her Soul to her Place and Character : And to have given her a Capacity as far beyond that of Other Common Persons , as she was in Rank and Dignity above Them. Such good reason had we , upon All those accounts , to expect some more than Ordinary Blessings under her Government ; and to put a greater Trust and Confidence in her , than was almost fit to be placed in any Creature . And the more to encourage us so to do , it had pleased God to all his Other Endowments , to Add such a Vigour of Body , and Firmness of Constitution , as seem'd to Equal the Vivacity of her Mind : And promised us almost an Age of Happiness yet to come , under the Influence of her Conduct . And now , when so many Circumstances concurr'd to encourage our Relyance upon Her ; who could Blame us for being willing to flatter Our Selves , that such a Queen was certainly raised up by God to do some extraordinary Good for that Church and Kingdom to which He had given Her ? But alas ! a Sad Experience has shewn us that we ought not to have put our Trust even in Such a Person . And if Such a Person may not be rely'd upon , We may then safely conclude , that We must look beyond this World for our Support : And not place our Confidence on any but that God who alone , both Can Do All things for us ; and will continue , for ever , to Help and Defend Us. Which therefore brings me to the Other Point I proposed to speak to ; Secondly , That he who will place his Trust upon a sure Foundation , must place it upon God ; who alone is Able to Succour us in All our Exigencies , and will Always continue in a Capacity so to Do. And 1st . That God is Able to Succour us in All our Exigencies ; is evident from hence , that he is Able to do whatsoever he pleases both in Heaven and Earth . * That he has no Equal , much less any Superiour Power , to Controul his Will ; and to hinder him from bringing Whatsoever he purposes , to the End which he Designs . * That as he is the first Being , and Author of all Others ; So was there Nothing before him to Confine , or Limit his Perfections . He Received not his Power from Any ; Nor has he therefore any Restraint upon it but what proceeds from himself , and is subject to his Own Will. Man , as he was Created by God , so was he limited too by him in his State and Condition , to a certain Degree of Perfection , beyond which he cannot Go , nor Raise up himself above it . And therefore , whatsoever Power he has , is confined within those Bounds which the Divine Wisdom has thought fit to set to it : Nor can he Go , the least Tittle , beyond what God has permitted him to Do. But God himself is Free and without Constraint . With him nothing is impossible , but what is Sinful ; And that is not an Instance of true Power , but of Impotency and Infirmity . So that if we would then Trust in Man , we must do it with those Restrictions which his Nature requires us to limit our Trust withal : And depend upon Him as One whose Power may fail ; Whose Mind may Change ; nay , whose very Life may be taken from him . But with God we shall need none of these Referves . He is Absolutely Able , in Every thing , to Help and Succour us : And in all such Cases wherein it is fitting for Him to Do it , He will help us , if we do but duly apply our selves to Him , and depend upon Him. And when such is the Advantage of God , in this Respect , above Any of his Creatures ; much more above Man , the Lowest of all the Rational Kind in Power and Dignity : Well may the Psalmist pronounce him Blessed , whose Wisdom and Piety have taught him to fix his Trust there , where Nothing can hinder it from being Beneficial to Him , but his own Neglecting to seek for Help as he ought to Do. I say nothing now of the many Other Arguments that might be offered to Encourage us in this Trust , and to shew the Happiness of that Man who has placed his Hope upon it . Such are , * The infinite Wisdom of God , in judging what is Best for Us , and after what Manner it will be most for our Interest to be Helped by him . * His infinite Knowledge , for the Discovery of our Wants , oftentimes long before We Our selves are sensible of them . * His Power to Relieve Us , not only in All our Exigencies , which I have before Observed ; but to Do it in a Moment , at the very Minute that it will be most Seasonable for Us to have it done . And , not to mention any more ; * His Ability to Prevent Evils from Coming upon us , no less than to Free us from them , or to Support us under Them , when they have Overtaken Us. And in all which the Wisdom and Power of Man can either Do Nothing at all , or Nothing Comparable to what God is able to Do. But One Consideration more there is , which neither the express Words of my Text , nor the Occasion of the present Discours , will permit me to pass by : And that is , 2dly . That God is not only thus Able , as I have shewn , to Help us in All our Needs ; but will continue for Ever in a Capacity to save and defend Us. For God is Eternal in his Duration , as well as Infinite in his Power ; and as He never had a Beginning of Being , so neither can He Ever Come to an End of it . Now how far this sets him up above all Earthly Benefactors , I have already shewn you ; and the mighty Loss , we have just now sustain'd , does but too plainly Declare . When One of our Earthly Benefactors Dies , not only all his Good Dispositions towards us perish together with Him , but all his Power too of putting them in Execution , from that instant , Ceases . And we from thenceforth become as Destitute and Forlorne , as if we had never had any such Friend or Patron , to rely upon . In such a Trust therefore there is no certainly : Nothing on which to build any lasting Hope ; any wise and comfortable expectation . But God endureth for ever , and therefore his Help can never fail us . He will be our God unto Death ; Nay , and even after it too , will save and deliver Us. The Grave it self , which puts an end to all things else , cannot take us out of his hand , nor deprive us of his Protection . But in that melancholy Place and State , tho' we know but little else of what relates to it ; yet this we are sure of , that our Souls continue under his Care : And that , after a certain Period of time , our very Bodies themselves shall again be restored to us ; and so we shall be for ever with the LORD . And thus have I shewn you , What the Advantages of that God are , above all Other Supporters , in whom our Text exhorts us to put our Trust ; and pronounces Him Happy who has taken Care so to do . And when such are his Advantages above any of his Creatures , in this respect , as well as in All Others ; What resolution can we better take up , than that which is pointed out to us in that Exhortation of the Evangelical Prophet , Isai. 26. 4. Trust ye in the LORD for ever ; for in the LORD Jehovah is everlasting strength . And this may suffice for the two Points I proposed to speak to : I shall only draw a few plain Consequences from what has been said , and so conclude this Discourse . And , First , Since such is the Vanity of putting our Trust in any Humane Help ; let us resolve to take off our Hearts from all such Dependencies : And not build our Hope on such a Foundation , as we are sure in a little time will fail us , and we cannot tell how soon it may do so . I do not deny , but that as God orders the Affairs of Mankind by the Ministry of Second Causes ; so we may , without incurring any just Censure for it , look to them as the Instruments which he makes use of in his Dispensations towards us . Nay , we may put some kind of Trust too in them : Provided that it goes no farther than the Nature of such Causes admits of ; and that we still take care to look beyond them , to that God who employs them to our Interest and Advantage . But yet , when all is done , our last and highest Dependance must be placed upon God only ; who alone is Able , and will always be so , in all our Exigencies to Help and Deliver Us. It cannot be doubted but that We of this Country , and especially We of this Church , have indeed received as great a loss , as could well have happen'd to us , in the unexpected Death of our late Royal Sovereign . A Princess she was , such as this Nation never before had , nor was it now worthy of her . To draw her Character , and set her out to you with all the Advantage that her Real Worth deserves , is a Task too difficult for me to presume to attempt : Though this security I should have in the doing of it , that let me say what I could , no one would accuse me of Flattery in ir ; a Vice ever odious , and I think no where more so than in the Pulpit . For howsoever 't is impossible to speak of Her , and not say Great things ; yet very hard it is to speak , but a small part , of what all must allow might justly be reported of Her. Let it suffice , at present , to say ; That if a Queen so Vertuous , that her very Example was enough to convert a Libertine , and to reform an Age : So Courteous and Affable , as to be the wonder and delight of All that Knew her : So great a Lover of her Country , and the Interests of it ; as to be willing to hazard what , next her Conscience , she the most valued , her good Name , and good Opinion in the World , for the preservation of them : So firm and constant in her Mind , as not to have once known , no not in Death it self , what it was to fear : So Happy in Business , as to astonish , rather than satisfie , those who were the best versed in it : I say , If to have been deprived of such a Queen as this ; and that at such an Age , when our Expectations were at the highest from Her , be a loss above the power of Words to express ; then such is our loss : The greatness of which we are so far from being able sufficiently to declare , that perhaps we cannot yet make a just Estimate of it . But yet , were we not hereby too much convinced , how little we ought to depend upon such kind of Helps ; I might presume to say , to the Glory of God , and to our own Comfort , that we had still enough of these remaining , to suppress all disorderly Fears , and undue Repinings at that which we have lost . God has , 't is true , removed our Queen from us : But He still continues his Sacred Majesty to us , notwithstanding all the Dangers to which He has been exposed . He has deprived us of the Benefit of Her Conduct : But he has left us Him , under whom She herself grew up in that Wisdom and Courage , we so much admired in Her. And even beyond this , we have the Prospect of a yet farther Succession to fill the Throne ; and to support the Interests both of the Church and State amongst us . But yet when all is done , 't is not upon these fair and promising Expectations that we must place our Trust , or account the Fortune of our Publick Welfare to depend : But it is that God , who has so long and wonderfully defended us , that must still be our support ; or all these Helps Nothing to us . Indeed these are the Persons by whom we justly may , and therefore accordingly do Hope to be Protected and Defended . And a singular Happiness it is to us , that we have such a fair Succession of the Royal Family before our Eyes . But yet when all is done , 't is from the Blessing of God in preserving these Persons to us , and prospering their Endeavours , that we must look for safety : And God , even without any such Helps , could , if He pleased , secure and protect us . But , Secondly , As these Considerations should move us , not to put our Trust in any Humane Help ; so should they keep us from being very much surprised , if at any time such kind of Helps shall chance to fail us . It was a Great Expression , and argued a Worthy Mind , in Him anciently , who being told of the Death of his Son , pass'd it off with this only Reflection ; That He always knew that He was mortal . And the same should be our Consideration upon these Occasions . We know that all Humane Helps are Transitory and Uncertain : And why then should we stand amazed , as if some strange thing had happen'd to us , when we come to be Deprived of that , which we always knew we had no security of . I am not so unsensible of the loss we have now received , as not to think that we ought to pay a very just regret to it ; and to consider seriously with our selves , for what Sins of this Nation especially it is , that God has taken away from us our Royal Defender . But yet I cannot think that it ought to be any great Surprize to us : Unless it be some new Calamity to see a Mortal Die , and to find that to have happen'd to One , which happens to Thousands every day . Nay , but Thirdly ; We ought not only not to be Surprized at the failure of such kind of Helps , but neither should we be immoderately Concern'd and Cast down at it : Because God is never the less Able to preserve us for the loss of these ; but can either raise us up New Supporters , or save us without Any , if He rather sees fit so to Do. I am verily perswaded that we have at this time received as sensible a Blow , in this respect , in the Loss of our Royal Sovereign , as could have befallen us in any One Life , excepting that of His Sacred Majesty . But yet far be it from me so far to despond , or to distrust the Providence of God , as to think we must needs be ruined , because our Queen is taken from us . This were certainly to confine too much the Power of God , and to give too great an Advantage to our Enemies ; who because they earnestly wish our ruine , are therefore ready , upon every Occasion , to flatter themselves that the time is coming which they so much desire to see . But to shew you how little Reason either we have to be dejected , or They to exalt their Hopes , on any such Account ; Let us suppose the Case to be as bad as the most Melancholy mind can fansie , or our most bitter Enemies could desire it to be . That we were indeed left Naked and Destitute of all Humane Help ; and had no prospect remaining of any succour , much less had so good a one , as I have before shewn ; and as it is evident to all the World that we have : Yet still I say that all this would not be enough to warrant us to Distrust God ; but rather , Fourthly , We should then more especially rely upon his Help , when all Other Supports do the most fail us . It is too common a thing with most Men , when their Affairs go smoothly on , and all succeeds according to their Expectations ; to attribute too much to their own Power and Policy ; and to forget that God ; without whose Help all their own Endeavours would be to no purpose . And therefore to prevent this , God is pleased oftentimes to suffer Men to fall into great Difculties , not that he designs their ruine , but only to make them sensible of their Own Weakness ; and to draw them back to him who is their only sure Defence , the Rock of their Salvation , in whom they ought to trust . It were an easie Matter for Me to confirm the truth of this Remark in a multitude of Instances ; from whence it may appear , that God has in all Ages then especially exerted his Power in the delivery of his Servants , when their Enemies have thought themselves the most secure of their Destruction . But I shall content my self with a few Examples ; tho' such as I am perswaded , may abundantly suffice to shew , How false a Conclusion Men make , when they presume to determine ; That because God deprives any People of the present , visible Means of Deliverance , therefore he designs to give them up to Destruction . When Haman projected the Universal Extirpation of the whole People of the Jews ; and was come so near to an Accomplishment of it , that the Order was signed , and the Command gone forth for a General Massacre of them ; Who could have imagined any other , but that the final ruine of that poor Nation was at hand . And yet by what a strange concurrence of unexpected Events were they delivered from his danger , and the Mischief turn'd upon his Head who had contrived their Destruction ? Nor was their Preservation afterwards less remarkable , when Caligula sent Petronius into Syria , to set up his Statue in the Temple at Jerusalem ; and the Jews resolved , every Man of them , to perish , rather than submit to so abominable a Profanation of that Holy Place . It were too long for me to relate to you , how far Petronius insisted upon the putting of this Command in Execution ; and what he did in order thereunto . It shall suffice to say , that his Army was drawn together , and all just ready to come to the last Extremity : When the Governour considering how sad a thing it would be to root out a whole Nation for so small a Matter , stopp'd his Souldiers , and wrote the Emperour an Account both of what he had done , and how Averse he found the Jews to his Design ; and therefore intreated him not to pursue his Attempt any farther . But in vain was this delay ; nor could any of these Remonstrances alter the Emperour's Resolutions . But on the contrary , He renew'd his Orders yet more peremptorily , of having the Jews destroy'd for opposing his Will ; and commanded Petronius himself to be murdeed with Them , for deferring so long the Execution of his Orders . And now , What could be expected by that Miserable People , but ruine and desolation ? When behold ! God took their Cause into his Own Hand : And so disposed Matters , that before this Second Command could reach Syria , the News of the Emperour 's own Murder flew thither ; and saved both the Governour and Them from that Destruction , which was just ready to break in upon Both. So able is God , when things seem to be at the very worst , to interpose his Hand ; and to save those who trust in Him , not only without any Visible Means , but against all Humane Appearances . And for yet fresher Instances of this , Let me only desire you to reflect how strangely God has preserved , for several Ages together , those ancient Reformed Churches in the Valleys of Piedmont ; notwithstanding all the Power and Malice of their Enemies to root them out . It is but a very little while since we saw them reduced to so wretched an Estate , that we accounted them to have been dispersed beyond all Hope of any future Restitution . Their own Prince , supported with the Power , and led on by the Example and Encouragement of a mighty Neighbouring Monarch , had resolved upon their ruine . Sorrow and Distress encompass'd them on every side , and from whom to expect a deliverance they could not tell . And yet , lo ! these very Churches are again already restored to their ancient Splendor : And to encrease the Wonder , are now Protected by that very Power that before Destroyed Them. But what need I lead you into foreign Countries for Instances to shew , that God is not confined , in his Workings , to Humane Appearances : But oftentimes is then the most ready to support his Servants , when all other Helps the most fail Them. Our Own Country , and our Own Church , ever since the Reformation ; has been more or less a Continued Evidence of the truth of this Remark . How melancholy was the Prospect which our Forefathers had , at the untimely Death of that most excellent Prince , King Edward the Sixth ? When Queen Mary being set upon the Throne , nothing was to be expected by Them , but an utter Extirpation of all that seemed in any wise to favour the purity of Religion among Them. What she did , and How far she went , in a few years , to blot out all the Memory of her Brother's Piety , I shall not need to say : The History is still fresh in all your Memories . Yet in the midst of all their trouble ; when the Hope of their Enemies , and their own Fears were at the Highest ; it pleased God upon a sudden to take off that Queen , and put such an End to their dangers , as nothing else could have done . But though by this means therefore we were secured against their open Violence , yet God still permitted them to endeavour , by secret Treachery , to carry on their Designs against us : And Has by that means furnish'd us with yet more Engagements to relie upon his Protection ; who has so often , and wonderfully delivered us from their Devices . Witness the many subtle and barbarous Attempts , that were made by Them upon the Life of Queen Elizabeth : The Open Force , and Domestick Disturbances which they raised up against Her. And yet in all these they miscarry'd ; and in many of them so signally , as plainly shew'd the Hand of God was against them . When that Queen was gone , and King James settled upon the Throne , it was but a little while before they return'd to their Old Malice , but in a New Way ; and that such , as all the Cunning of Hell had never before contrived ; I mean that of the Gun-powder Conspiracy . And that too was discovered after a most wonderful manner , and at a most Critical juncture , when all was just come to the Point of Execution . I might add to these Examples , the Happy Restauration of our Church and Government , after the fatal Murder of King Charles the First . Their frequent disappointments since ; but especially that of the last Reign . But I think I have already given you Instances enough to Convince you , that were we now left in as Bad an Estate , as blessed be God! we are in a very Good One : Yet still whilst we held firm to our Holy Religion , and continued our Trust in God , there would be no Cause for us to Despond : Seeing God can defend us without any Humane Help ; and , as I have now shewn you , has often done it , when we could have been Protected by None but Him. And this brings me to the next thing I have to observe from the foregoing Discourse ; and that is , Fifthly ; That we should therefore be sure never to depart from our Trust in God , and then we may be confident we shall not be Forsaken by Him. For God loves to be Depended upon ; and has seldom been known to fail those , who have constantly stuck to Him. A notable Example of which we have in the History of the present Psalm , and which the Antients tell us was this . When Cyrus had given leave to the Jews to return to Jerusalem , and to rebuild their Temple , and restore the Worship of God in it ; the Samaritans , a sort of mix'd People , Half Jews , and Half Idolaters , so wrought with their Adversaries , that little was done in it , notwithstanding all the favour that was shewn them by that great Monarch . No sooner was Cyrus gone , and Cambyses placed upon his Throne ; but All Hope seemed utterly lost to them , of either restoring their Temple , or regaining any part of that Liberty they had before been encouraged to expect . But what then was their Behaviour on this Occasion ? Did they distrust God ; and give way to such Fears as the Insolence of their Enemies , and their own Circumstances , did indeed but too much expose them to ? On the contrary , it was at this very juncture of time , that those two great Prophets , Haggai and Zechariah , composed the Psalm we have now before us : And exhorted the People not to consider the ill-prospect which , according to Humane Appearance , their Affairs were in ; but to trust in God , who whenever he pleas'd , could turn all things to their Advantage , and no doubt in his due time would do so . And what was the issue of this Excellent Advice ? Why in a very few Years Cambyses died , and Darius came into the Throne ; and in despite of all that either their Half Brethren , or their Open Enemies could do to hinder it , so encouraged the Work , that both their Temple and their City were Re-built ; and themselves restor'd both to their Liberty and to their Religion . And if to Trust in God be able to work such wonderful Effects as these ; How much more may we promise our selves from it , who have so fair a Prospect before our Eyes ; if we do but firmly rely upon Him , and not suffer any thing to shake our Confidence of his Mercy . But then , Sixthly ; and to Close all : That our Hope may be sure to have its due effect , let me add finally ; That we must not think it enough barely to trust in God ; but must take Care withall to live so , that we may be , in some measure , worthy of his Protection . We must to the Purity of our Religion , add the Reformation of our Manners ; and then we may securely defie our Greatest Enemies to do us any Mischief . And because Examples , in these Cases , are not only more Instructive than Precepts , but more apt to Perswade too ; and that this is all that now remains to us of that noble Pattern , which was wont to shine so brightly in all our Eyes ; to reflect upon Her Piety , and by that to learn how to improve our Own : I will conclude All with a few Remembrances of what our late Blessed Sovereign Did , to shew you what we ought to Do. And , First , Since Good-Nature is , I think , by All allowed to be one of the best Preparations to the Divine Grace ; I shall in the first Observe it as a singular part of the Felicity of Her sacred Majesty , that she enjoy'd all that is properly understood by that Phrase , in as high a Perfection , as , it may be , any Person in the World ever Did. Her Temper was naturally Sweet and Chearful ; Easie to her self , and Acceptable to all others . And if that Old Rule of the Jews be true , That the Holy Ghost loves to dwell in a quiet and comfortable Breast ; I may be bold to say that Her Soul was always in a disposition for that Blessed Spirit to descend upon it , and to abide in it . To improve this Excellent Temper , she had a Greatness and Generosity of Mind , equal to her Rank and Quality : Free from Jealousies and Suspicions , as she was from Fear of Any . In a word , Clear of all those Passions which Agitate lesser Souls , and keep them in a continual Hurry and Distraction . Thus was she prepared by Nature for that extraordinary Progress which she afterwards made in Christian Piety and Vertue . And as St. Luke tells us to Those , to whom St. Paul preached the Gospel heretofore ; That as many as were Ordain'd to Eternal Life , Believ'd ; that is , such as were in their Tempers and Dispositions Fitted and Qualified for the Reception of what He deliver'd to them : So may it no less truly be said of Her Sacred Majesty that She was , in like manner , Ordained to Eternal Life ; and therefore made such vast Attainments in all those Graces that were necessary to bring Her to it . But , Secondly : To this first Advantage , it pleased God to add as great an Eminence of , what we usually call , Good Parts ; as I believe has ever been known in any of Her Sex. Her Apprehension , was Quick and Piercing ; Her Judgment , Deep and Correct : Nor could any thing almost be propos'd to Her , but She was presently ready with all Clearness to Receive it , and with no less Accuracy to Pronounce and Determine concerning it . And when such was Her Capacity , it is not to be wonder'd if She soon came to a right Apprehension of the Design and End of Christianity : And was thoroughly convinced of the mighty Concern which there lay upon Her , to live in an exact Obedience to its Commands . But this was not all the Advantage She had in this respect : For though Her Parts were such , as would , with a very moderate Exercise , have carried Her into a Perfect Knowledge of Her Religion ; yet She did not rely upon them : But to Her natural Abilities , added such a Care and Diligence , to Improve Her Understanding , and to Enflame Her Affections , in all such things as seemed any way to referr to it ; as Few in a lesser Station have ever done . To pass by Her constant Attendance upon the Publick Service of God , and those Opportunities of Instruction which She provided for , on all the more solemn Returns of it . To say nothing of Her frequent and useful Conversation with those who Ministred unto Her in Holy Offices . What a large Proportion of Her Time did She every day spend in Her own Private Retirements ? And of which no Business , no Ceremonies , much less any vain Pleasures or Avocations , could ever deprive Her. What vast Numbers of Excellent Books did She there read ? And that not lightly , or superficially , but with the severest Care and Reflection ? And how cautious was She , if any Difficulty chanced to arise to Her in Her Reading , which She could not presently resolve to Her own satisfaction , to be sure to call in some of those who attended on Her , to clear it to Her ? Nor did She in Her Reading run lightly off from Book to Book ; the common Method of Empty and Unsettled Minds ; tho' She read over a great Many . But when She met with any Discourse that seem'd particularly to Affect Her , or Otherwise to come up in any peculiar manner to Her own Circumstances ; She stuck closely to it : And by so doing , evidently shew'd that Piety and Instruction were indeed the Ends She aim'd at in this Exercise : That She read for Profit , not Curiosity ; and sought for Use , not Diversion , in it . Such was Her Care to get Instruction : And the same Excellent Disposition that moved Her thus diligently to inform Her self in all the Parts of Her Duty , engaged Her yet more , Thirdly , To desire with all imaginable sincerity to be made Acquainted , with the True and Genuine Measures of it . It is the Folly of Many , but especially of Great Personages , that they cannot endure Correction ; nor will bear to have the Truth spoken freely to them , in such Instances as are contrary to their own carnal Desires and Affections . And therefore it is that they seldom know either Themselves , or their Duty ; either what they Ought to do , or what their State and Cdndition is with relation thereunto . But this was not the Case of that Admirable Person of whom we are now speaking : She Knew How dangerous an Instrument of the Devil Flattery is , and How fatally Her Station exposed Her to it : And She took care for nothing more than to secure Her self against the danger of it . I shall never forget with what weight of Reason , and sincerity of Concern , I have sometimes heard this Great Queen represent the danger which Princes , above all Others , are apt to run in this Respect . And with what Earnestness She has exhorted those about Her , to deliver to Her the plainest Truths ; and with all Freedom to tell Her if they had Observed any thing Amiss in Her Conduct , that she might amend it . O wonderful Condescension ! A sincerity of Piety beyond Exception ! And that in a place where there are usually but too many Temptations to Pride and Self-Opinion : And it must therefore be an Argument of a more than Ordinary Wisdom and Integrity , to be able to withstand the Force of them . But yet still All this is only the Preparatory , tho' indeed a very Good one , to that which I am especially to observe to you , and that is , Fourthly , Her sincere Piety and Religion . And for that , give me leave to say thus much ; That if a Constant Attendance upon all the Offices of Devotion both in Publick and Private : If such a Behaviour at them , as shew'd her Soul to be wholly fix'd on what she was about ; and was enough to have raised a Spirit of Piety in all that beheld Her : If the influences of this Devotion upon Her whole Life and Conversation , and those so Eminent as to speak Her not only Good but Excellent ; an Ornament to the Court , and an Honour to Her Religion : If all this may suffice to shew a Mind wholly consecrated to the service of God , and the discharge of Her Duty ; then was the Soul of this Blessed Princess unquestionably so ; and that , for ought I know , beyond Any that at this Day remains behind Her. But for the clearness of Her Conscience in the discharge of Her Duty , besides what we Saw and Admired in Her ; two Arguments there are that may especially be offer'd , and I think ought not to be passed by . First ; That while She lived , She was always Easie in Her own Mind : And which since it could not proceed either from any Ignorance of Her Duty , or Unconcern'dness for it ; We must conclude it did arise from a full perswasion , that She did live according to the tenour of it . And , Secondly , That when she came within the prospect of Death , and knew how near She was to it , She still appear'd Unconcern'd at it : And thereby gave a finall Evidence that She accounted Her self prepared for it , and therefore was not afraid of it . I should too far Exceed the bounds I am here confined to ; should I enter upon the Consideration of those Particular Vertu 's , which seemed to Shine in a more especial Manner , above All Others , in Her. Bur two there are which I must not Overlook ; and Those are , Her true Humility , amidst all the Temptations of a Court and Crown to the contrary ; And Her extensive Charity : Such as sometimes deprived Her even of the means of exercising of it ; And might have abundantly satisfied any Mind but Hers , who knew no end of Doing Good ; but has , after all , been seen sometimes , even with Tears , to regret , that she could do no More . But I must restrain my self ; and set some bounds to my Reflections , tho' my subject is beyond Any . And for the rest content my self with satisfaction to Remember , what I was wont with Wonder to Behold . And , Oh! That it would please God that both You and I might so effectually Meditate upon these Things , as to form our Lives according to Her Example ! And become now the Disciples of our great Queen , as we have hitherto been Her Subjects ! This will be the best Offering we can pay to Her memory , who while there is any Sense of Goodness remaining amongst Us , must never be mentioned without Honour . This is that Improvement of our Great Loss , which our Religion expects from Us ; what our Souls call for : And what , if she has yet any Knowledge of what is Done here below , our Royal Soveraign will , above all things , be the best pleased withall . And if we thus improve the Memory of Her Vertu 's , we shall be even Gainers by Her Departure . Such a demonstration of our Love and Honour to our Royal Mistress , will do more to Establish our Tranquility , than any Human Conduct or Prudence could have done without it . It will engage God on our side : And , if God be for us , we need not fear who can be against Us. Let us then , as we have now paid our just Sorrow to the loss of this Blessed Saint , so from henceforth resolve to make this farther Improvement of it . Let us thank God , that tho' He has removed One great Supporter from us , He has yet left us Another ; And , Our present Circumstances consider'd , the more necessary One to us , in the Person of His Sacred Majesty . Let us strengthen his Hands both by our Piety towards God ; and by our Duty to Him : By Uniting now all that Affection and Obedience in Him alone , which we before paid to Both Their Majesties . Let us consider his Courage ; and as far as either Piety or Prudence will allow us , Let us Trust in his Fortune : That is to say , as far as any Human Help may be Trusted in . But yet still let us Remember , that our Last Dependance must be upon God : Who as He has hitherto preserved us , so will He still go on to Save and Defend us ; if we do but firmly Adhere to Him , and Prepare our selves for His Favour , as our Duty Requires ; and as I have now shewn you , in a most Illustrious Example , we May and Ought to Do it . FINIS . ADVERTISEMENT . THE Genuine Epistles of the Apostolical Fathers , St. Barnabas , St. Ignatius , St. Clement , St. Polycarp . The Shepherd of Hermas , and the Martyrdoms of St. Ignatius and St. Polycarp , written by those who were present at their Sufferings . Being , together with the Holy Scriptures of the New Testament , a compleat Collection of the most Primitive Antiquity for about CI. Years after Christ. Translated and Published with a large Preliminary Discourse relating to the several Treatises here put together . By W. Wake , D. D. Notes, typically marginal, from the original text Notes for div A66214-e140 * So 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 v. 3. imports . * Psal. cxxxv . 6. Psal. ix 7. cii . 12. Psal. xlviii . 14. 1 Thes. iv . 17. Psal xviii 2. lxii . 7. &c. Esther iii. 6. 12 , 13. Chapters v. vi , vii , viii . Joseph . Ant. l. xviii . c ▪ 11. De Bell. Jud. Lib. i. cap. 17. See their History written by Gilles , Leger , Morland , &c. See Dr. Burnet's Hist. of the Reform . See Foulis 's Popish Treasons , l. vi c 4. l. vii . c. 3. ad finem . See Foulis , ib. l x. c. 2. 2 Kings xxii . 28 , 29 , 41. So the lxx . and Syriac , and other ancient Versions , in the Title of this Psalm . Vid. R. D. Kimchi , in 1 Sam. x. 5. & 2 Kings iii. 14 , 15. Acts xiii . 48. Dan. 4. 27. Rom. 8. 31.