Curiosities in chymistry being new experiments and observations concerning the principles of natural bodies / written by a person of honour ; and published by his operator, H.G.
         Person of honour.
      
       
         
           1691
        
      
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             Curiosities in chymistry being new experiments and observations concerning the principles of natural bodies / written by a person of honour ; and published by his operator, H.G.
             Person of honour.
             Boyle, Robert, 1627-1691.
          
           [3], 103 [i.e. 113], [2] p.
           
             Printed by H.C. for Stafford Anson ...,
             London :
             1691.
          
           
             Ascribed by BM to Robert Boyle; not in Fulton.
             An attempt to prove that water is "the only first material principle of natural bodies".
             Advertisements ([2] p.) at end.
             Reproduction of original in Harvard University Libraries.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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           Chemistry -- Early works to 1800.
        
      
    
     
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           Imprimatur
           ,
           Tractatus
           Cui
           Titulus
           
             Curiosities
             in
             Chymistry
          
           .
        
         
           
             
               Sept.
               30.
               1690.
               
            
             Ex
             Aedibus
             Collegij
             .
          
           
             Guall
             .
             Charleton
             .
             
               Proefes
               Coll.
               Med.
               Lond.
            
             
             
               
                 Censore
                 .
              
               
                 Tho.
                 Burwell
                 ,
              
               
                 J.
                 Gordon
                 ,
              
               
                 Will.
                 Dawes
                 ,
              
               
                 Tho.
                 Gill.
                 
              
            
          
        
      
       
         
         
           
             Curiosities
             in
             Chymistry
          
           :
           BEING
           NEW
           EXPERIMENTS
           AND
           Observations
           Concerning
           the
           PRINCIPLES
           OF
           Natural
           Bodies
           .
        
         
           Written
           by
           a
           Person
           of
           HONOUR
           ,
           and
           Published
           by
           his
           Operator
           ,
           
             H.
             G.
          
           
        
         
           LONDON
           :
           Printed
           b●
           H.C.
           for
           
             Stafford
             Anson
          
           ,
           at
           the
           
             Three
             Pigeons
          
           in
           St.
           
           Paul's
           Church-yard
           ,
           1691.
           
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
         
           NEW
           EXPERIMENTS
           AND
           OBSERVATIONS
           Concerning
           the
           PRINCIPLES
           OF
           NATURAL
           BODIES
           .
        
         
           
             The
             Introduction
             .
          
           
             THE
             Ingenious
             Author
             of
             this
             Treatise
             has
             herein
             laid
             a
             great
             many
             Experiments
             and
             Observations
             together
             ,
             in
             order
             to
             prove
             
             that
             Water
             is
             the
             only
             first
             Material
             Principle
             of
             Natural
             Bodies
             ;
             and
             that
             all
             the
             other
             pretended
             Hypostatical
             Principles
             are
             ultimate
             and
             reducible
             into
             mere
             Elementary
             Water
             .
             Wherefore
             to
             give
             a
             brief
             and
             perspicuous
             account
             of
             his
             Reasonings
             upon
             this
             Subject
             ,
             he
             has
             thought
             it
             expedient
             to
             reduce
             them
             to
             the
             following
             Propositions
             .
          
        
         
           
             Sect.
             I.
             
          
           
             The
             Ardent
             Spirits
             of
             Vegetables
             are
             nothing
             else
             but
             the
             Oleous
             Particles
             of
             these
             Vegetables
             subtilized
             by
             Fermentation
             ,
             and
             thereby
             dissolved
             in
             ,
             and
             united
             to
             some
             part
             of
             their
             own
             Phlegm
             .
          
           
             FOR
             
               Lavender
               ,
               Rue
               ,
               Marjoram
            
             ,
             &c.
             distilled
             without
             addition
             ,
             and
             without
             a
             previous
             Fermentation
             ,
             afford
             an
             Oyl
             ,
             but
             never
             yield
             any
             burning
             Spirit
             .
             Whereas
             after
             Fermentation
             they
             yield
             an
             ardent
             Spirit
             ,
             but
             no
             Oyl
             ;
             which
             is
             a
             manifest
             proof
             ,
             that
             the
             inflamable
             Oyl
             is
             converted
             into
             an
             inflamable
             Spirit
             :
             especially
             ,
             since
             by
             the
             lasting
             action
             of
             the
             Air
             upon
             this
             Spirit
             ,
             the
             Oleous
             part
             will
             at
             last
             be
             brought
             to
             separate
             it self
             from
             the
             phlegm
             
             and
             swim
             above
             it
             .
             Moreover
             if
             you
             pour
             Oyls
             in
             small
             quantity
             upon
             Fermenting
             Vegetables
             ,
             they
             will
             come
             over
             in
             Distillation
             in
             the
             form
             of
             Spirits
             .
          
           
             As
             for
             
               the
               Spirits
               of
            
             Aniseeds
             ,
             Wormwood
             ,
             and
             such
             other
             
               Oleous
               and
               Aromatick
               Vegetables
            
             ,
             that
             are
             
               prepared
               with
               Spirit
               of
               Wine
               without
               any
               previous
               Fermentation
            
             ;
             they
             
               are
               nothing
               else
               but
               the
               Oyls
            
             of
             these
             Vegetables
             
               that
               the
               Spirit
               of
               Wine
               has
               imbibed
               and
               carried
               up
               along
               with
               it
               in
               Distillation
               .
            
             For
             this
             Spirit
             ,
             being
             it self
             no
             other
             thing
             than
             the
             Oyl
             of
             Wine
             Dissolv'd
             in
             Phlegm
             ,
             will
             presently
             imbibe
             any
             Aromatick
             Oyl
             dropt
             into
             it
             .
             Hence
             it
             is
             ,
             that
             ,
             in
             the
             Preparation
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Aniseeds
             ,
             the
             Oleous
             part
             of
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             imbibes
             as
             much
             of
             their
             Oyl
             as
             it
             can
             receive
             ,
             and
             the
             rest
             (
             for
             they
             abound
             with
             Oyl
             )
             being
             joyn'd
             with
             the
             Phlegmatick
             part
             of
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             ,
             compose
             a
             Milk-coloured
             Liquor
             ,
             (
             as
             all
             Oyls
             do
             when
             they
             are
             mixed
             with
             Water
             ,
             which
             we
             see
             daily
             in
             the
             Preparation
             of
             Emulsions
             )
             whose
             Oily
             parts
             may
             be
             imbibed
             by
             fresh
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             ,
             and
             by
             that
             means
             yield
             Spirit
             of
             Aniseeds
             anew
             .
          
           
             Finally
             ,
             't
             is
             upon
             the
             account
             of
             their
             Oleous
             nature
             ,
             that
             ardent
             Spirits
             are
             so
             Inflamable
             ;
             and
             that
             they
             so
             much
             weaken
             
             the
             Corroding
             Acidity
             of
             
               Aqua
               fortis
            
             ,
             as
             to
             render
             it
             innocent
             enough
             to
             be
             taken
             inwardly
             ,
             though
             they
             themselves
             be
             endowed
             with
             a
             certain
             Volatile
             Acid.
             
          
        
         
           
             Sect.
             II.
             
          
           
             The
             Spirits
             of
             Vegetables
             ,
             made
             by
             Incineration
             ,
             are
             nothing
             else
             but
             the
             Volatile
             Salts
             of
             the
             Tartar
             of
             these
             Plants
             ,
             dissolved
             in
             their
             own
             Phlegm
             .
          
           
             FOR
             they
             consist
             of
             the
             Effluvia
             that
             ascend
             from
             the
             Plants
             ,
             while
             their
             Tartar
             is
             a
             Calcining
             into
             a
             fixt
             Salt
             ,
             kept
             from
             flying
             away
             into
             the
             Air
             ,
             by
             reason
             of
             the
             peculiar
             structure
             of
             the
             Furnaces
             ,
             &c.
             imployed
             in
             this
             kind
             of
             Incineration
             :
             and
             are
             therefore
             altogether
             of
             the
             same
             nature
             with
             Spirit
             of
             Soot
             ,
             or
             even
             with
             the
             genuine
             bitterish
             Alcaline
             Spirit
             of
             
               Tartar
               of
               Wine
               .
               N.B.
            
             Since
             in
             the
             Juice
             of
             Grapes
             ,
             the
             Alcali
             and
             Acid
             ,
             mutually
             Coagulated
             ,
             obtain
             the
             name
             of
             Tartar
             ,
             Why
             should
             not
             the
             same
             Salts
             ,
             con-coagulated
             in
             the
             Juices
             of
             other
             Vegetables
             ,
             though
             endowed
             with
             very
             different
             Seeds
             ,
             obtain
             the
             same
             Appellation
             ,
             rather
             than
             that
             of
             
               Essential
               Salts
            
             ?
             For
             there
             is
             really
             ,
             in
             the
             Juices
             of
             all
             Vegetables
             ,
             a
             Tartar
             not
             unlike
             to
             that
             of
             Wine
             .
             So
             that
             the
             Spirits
             ,
             prepared
             by
             the
             Incineration
             of
             Plants
             ,
             do
             ,
             
             like
             that
             of
             
               Vinous
               Tartar
            
             ,
             proceed
             from
             the
             Tartars
             of
             these
             Plants
             ;
             which
             seeing
             they
             consist
             of
             the
             same
             Salts
             ,
             namely
             Alcaly
             and
             Acid
             ,
             those
             Spirits
             are
             indeed
             nothing
             else
             but
             these
             Salts
             in
             a
             Fluid
             state
             .
             Hence
             if
             genuine
             
               Spirit
               of
               Tartar
            
             be
             drawn
             off
             from
             an
             Alcalisate
             Salt
             ,
             the
             Volatile
             Acid
             being
             left
             in
             the
             fixt
             Alcaly
             ,
             it
             will
             strike
             your
             Nose
             with
             the
             pungent
             scent
             of
             a
             Volatile
             Urinous
             Salt.
             
          
        
         
           
             Sect.
             III.
             
          
           
             The
             Alcaline
             Vrinous
             Spirits
             of
             Animals
             are
             nothing
             else
             ,
             but
             the
             Volatile
             Salts
             of
             these
             Animals
             ,
             dissolved
             in
             a
             little
             of
             their
             own
             Phlegm
             .
          
           
             [
             FOR
             ,
             1.
             
             If
             you
             put
             Spirit
             of
             Urine
             ,
             or
             any
             other
             Urinous
             Spirit
             ,
             well
             rectified
             ,
             into
             a
             glass
             conveniently
             shaped
             ,
             a
             gentle
             heat
             will
             sublime
             good
             store
             of
             dry
             Volatile
             Salt
             into
             the
             slender
             neck
             of
             the
             Glass
             ,
             leaving
             a
             weak
             Phlegmatick
             Liquor
             in
             the
             bottom
             ;
             which
             would
             be
             mere
             insipid
             Phlegm
             ,
             if
             it
             could
             be
             perfectly
             freed
             from
             the
             Volatile
             Salt
             that
             't
             is
             yet
             impregnated
             with
             ,
             and
             from
             the
             subtle
             Particles
             of
             Oyl
             that
             generally
             ,
             if
             not
             constantly
             ,
             ascend
             together
             with
             these
             Spirits
             ,
             and
             continue
             invisibly
             mixed
             with
             them
             (
             though
             never
             so
             well
             rectified
             ,
             even
             to
             a
             
             perfect
             transparency
             )
             for
             a
             long
             time
             ,
             'till
             at
             length
             by
             the
             action
             of
             the
             Air
             ,
             or
             evaporation
             of
             the
             Volatile
             Salt
             (
             if
             the
             Glass
             be
             not
             very
             well
             stop'd
             )
             or
             the
             intestine
             motion
             of
             the
             parts
             of
             the
             Liquor
             ,
             though
             it
             be
             ,
             the
             Particles
             of
             Oyl
             begin
             to
             seperate
             themselves
             from
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Liquor
             ,
             and
             gather
             together
             into
             numerous
             little
             drops
             ,
             which
             ,
             though
             they
             be
             singly
             invisible
             ,
             yet
             render
             the
             whole
             Liquor
             muddy
             and
             of
             a
             reddish
             colour
             .
             2.
             
             In
             the
             Distillation
             ,
             for
             instance
             ,
             of
             Fermented
             Urine
             ,
             or
             of
             Sal
             Armoniack
             mingled
             with
             a
             fixt
             Salt
             ,
             usually
             the
             Volatile
             Salt
             sublimes
             at
             first
             in
             a
             dry
             form
             ;
             but
             if
             you
             continue
             the
             Distillation
             ,
             so
             much
             of
             the
             Phlegm
             will
             ascend
             as
             shall
             dissolve
             all
             your
             Volatile
             Salt
             ,
             and
             wash
             it
             it
             down
             into
             the
             Receiver
             ,
             where
             you
             have
             it
             in
             the
             form
             of
             a
             Spirit
             .
             3.
             
             If
             you
             dissolve
             ,
             in
             common
             Water
             Distilled
             ,
             as
             much
             Volatile
             Salt
             of
             Human
             Blood
             (
             for
             instance
             )
             as
             it
             will
             take
             up
             ,
             and
             Distil
             this
             mixture
             ,
             you
             will
             by
             that
             means
             obtain
             a
             Liquor
             ,
             that
             by
             its
             smell
             ,
             tast
             ,
             and
             divers
             Operations
             ,
             appears
             to
             be
             a
             good
             brisk
             Spirit
             of
             Human
             Blood
             ;
             as
             that
             incomparable
             promoter
             of
             Experimental
             Philosophy
             ,
             Mr.
             Boyle
             ,
             has
             observed
             in
             his
             late
             useful
             Treatise
             about
             
               Human
               Blood.
            
             
          
           
           
             
               The
               same
               is
               to
               be
               said
               of
               the
               Alcaline
               Spirits
               ,
               that
               are
               Distilled
               from
            
             Peas
             ,
             Beans
             ,
             
               and
               some
               other
               Vegetables
            
             :
             For
             they
             appear
             by
             divers
             effects
             to
             be
             much
             of
             the
             same
             nature
             with
             Urinous
             Spirits
             .
             ]
          
        
         
           
             Sect.
             IV.
             
          
           
             The
             Acid
             Spirits
             of
             Minerals
             (
             as
             Sea-salt
             ,
             Vitriol
             ,
             Sulphur
             ,
             &c.
             )
             are
             nothing
             else
             but
             the
             Acid
             Salts
             of
             these
             Minerals
             freed
             from
             the
             more
             Terrestrial
             Parts
             ,
             united
             with
             a
             little
             Phlegm
             ,
             and
             so
             reduced
             into
             a
             fluid
             state
             by
             the
             force
             of
             the
             fire
             .
          
           
             FOR
             you
             may
             reduce
             them
             to
             a
             dry
             Salt
             by
             pouring
             them
             upon
             an
             Alcaly
             .
             For
             instance
             ,
             Spirit
             of
             Vitriol
             ,
             after
             it
             has
             been
             imployed
             to
             corrode
             Iron
             ,
             and
             the
             superfluous
             moisture
             evaporated
             ,
             recorporifies
             into
             Vitriol
             .
             And
             Spirit
             of
             Nitre
             ,
             satiated
             with
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             or
             any
             other
             fixt
             Salt
             ,
             turns
             into
             Nitre
             again
             after
             evaporation
             .
             Moreover
             these
             Acid
             Spirits
             are
             often
             found
             upon
             the
             Corks
             (
             that
             stop
             the
             Glasses
             wherein
             they
             are
             kept
             )
             in
             a
             dry
             saline
             form
             .
          
           
             The
             same
             is
             to
             be
             said
             of
             the
             
               Acid
               Spirits
               of
               Vegetables
            
             ,
             as
             that
             of
             
               Vinegar
               ,
               Tartar
               ,
               Guaiac
            
             ,
             &c.
             which
             
               are
               nothing
               else
               but
               Essential
               Salts
               dissolved
               in
               Phlegm
               .
            
          
        
         
           
           
             Sect.
             V.
             
          
           
             The
             Oyls
             or
             Sulphurs
             of
             Vegetables
             are
             nothing
             else
             but
             Volatile
             Salts
             concentrated
             ,
             in
             union
             with
             an
             unctuous
             inflamable
             Acid
             ;
             
               which
               by
               its
               unctuosity
               hinders
               them
               to
               mix
               readily
               with
               Water
               ,
               as
               all
               Salts
               use
               to
               do
               .
            
          
           
             THerefore
             Helmont
             often
             affirms
             ,
             that
             Vegetable
             Oyls
             may
             be
             turned
             into
             Volatile
             Salts
             .
             But
             however
             that
             be
             ,
             being
             joyned
             with
             fixt
             Salts
             ,
             they
             turn
             into
             a
             Soap
             ;
             and
             if
             they
             be
             frequently
             drawn
             off
             ,
             they
             are
             thereby
             at
             last
             resolved
             into
             mere
             Elementary
             Water
             :
             which
             is
             also
             true
             of
             all
             Fermented
             ardent
             Spirits
             ,
             since
             they
             are
             but
             Oyls
             dissolved
             in
             Phlegm
             .
             Thus
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             ,
             drawn
             off
             from
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             ,
             leaves
             its
             seminal
             Acid
             behind
             it
             ,
             and
             comes
             over
             weak
             and
             Phlegmatick
             :
             and
             if
             this
             abstraction
             be
             often
             reiterated
             ,
             it
             is
             thereby
             at
             length
             resolved
             into
             pure
             Elementary
             Water
             ,
             as
             will
             be
             more
             fully
             declared
             hereafter
             .
          
           
             There
             is
             a
             certain
             Vegetable
             Sulphur
             ,
             found
             in
             Charcoals
             before
             they
             be
             burnt
             to
             ashes
             ,
             by
             vertue
             whereof
             they
             glow
             .
             It
             is
             separated
             by
             means
             of
             Alcali's
             and
             Precipitation
             .
             This
             Sulphur
             is
             of
             a
             golden
             colour
             ,
             and
             of
             no
             contemptible
             use
             :
             but
             
             if
             the
             Charcoal
             be
             Distilled
             in
             a
             Retort
             with
             an
             open
             fire
             ,
             it
             turns
             ,
             like
             all
             other
             Sulphurs
             ,
             into
             an
             Acid
             Spirit
             ,
             which
             being
             poured
             upon
             the
             fixt
             Salt
             of
             the
             
               Caput
               mortuum
            
             ,
             makes
             an
             effervescence
             with
             it
             ,
             and
             so
             is
             Coagulated
             into
             a
             Salt.
             
          
        
         
           
             Sect.
             VI.
             
          
           
             The
             Sulphurs
             of
             Animals
             ,
             namely
             Oyl
             and
             Fat
             ,
             are
             also
             nothing
             else
             but
             Volatile
             Alcaline
             Salts
             concentrated
             ,
             and
             somewhat
             suppressed
             by
             an
             occult
             Acid
             
               (
               that
               is
               not
               manifest
               to
               sense
               )
            
             so
             that
             they
             cannot
             make
             any
             Effervescence
             with
             manifest
             Acids
             .
          
           
             THESE
             Volatile
             Salts
             may
             be
             discovered
             after
             the
             very
             same
             manner
             with
             those
             of
             Vegetable
             Oyls
             .
             Yea
             ,
             sometimes
             Dogs-grease
             ,
             for
             instance
             ,
             exposed
             in
             a
             Glass
             to
             the
             Sun
             ,
             sublimes
             into
             a
             Volatile
             Salt
             without
             any
             other
             art
             :
             and
             't
             is
             ,
             upon
             the
             sole
             account
             of
             this
             Volatile
             Salt
             ,
             that
             it
             has
             been
             found
             beneficial
             to
             the
             exulcerated
             Lungs
             of
             Consumptive
             persons
             .
             The
             Oyl
             of
             Harts-horn
             also
             may
             be
             sublimed
             into
             a
             Volatile
             Salt.
             
          
        
         
           
           
             Sect.
             VII
             .
          
           
             The
             Acid
             Oyls
             of
             Minerals
             (
             as
             Vitriol
             ,
             Sulphur
             ,
             Allom
             ,
             Sea-salt
             
               ,
               &c.
            
             )
             are
             not
             true
             Oyls
             ,
             but
             Acid
             Salts
             concentrated
             
               ;
               and
               differ
               not
               from
               the
               fore-mentioned
               Acid
               Spirits
               of
               the
               same
               Minerals
               ,
               but
               in
               that
               they
               are
               less
               diluted
               with
               Phlegm
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             Sect.
             VIII
             .
          
           
             All
             Mineral
             Sulphurs
             ,
             if
             they
             be
             kindled
             ,
             turn
             into
             a
             very
             Acid
             saline
             Spirit
             .
          
           
             
               THE
               fixt
               incombustible
               Sulphurs
               of
               Metals
               ,
            
             that
             Helmont
             speaks
             of
             ,
             are
             (
             if
             there
             be
             any
             such
             Sulphurs
             )
             
               reducible
               into
               a
               Salt
            
             ,
             since
             the
             same
             Author
             informs
             us
             ,
             that
             the
             Metals
             themselves
             may
             be
             totally
             reduced
             to
             an
             aequiponderant
             Salt
             ,
             and
             this
             into
             insipid
             Water
             .
          
           
             As
             for
             
               the
               Earthy
               part
               of
               Natural
               Bodies
               ,
            
             being
             useless
             and
             of
             no
             activity
             ,
             it
             scarcely
             uses
             to
             be
             reckoned
             amongst
             the
             Principles
             .
             And
             however
             Helmont
             informs
             us
             ,
             that
             
               the
               Liquor
               Alcahest
               turns
            
             this
             Earth
             
               into
               Water
            
             ,
             by
             depriving
             it
             of
             its
             Essence
             ,
             
               i.
               e.
            
             of
             its
             seminal
             vertue
             .
          
           
             From
             what
             has
             been
             said
             it
             appears
             that
             all
             those
             substances
             ,
             that
             the
             vulgar
             Chymists
             obtain
             from
             Bodies
             by
             the
             Fire
             ,
             and
             
             style
             Principles
             ,
             are
             reducible
             to
             Salts
             and
             and
             Phlegm
             (
             or
             Water
             .
             )
             Now
             our
             ingenious
             Author
             goes
             on
             to
             prove
             ,
             at
             great
             length
             ,
             that
             even
             ,
          
        
         
           
             Sect.
             IX
             .
          
           
             All
             sorts
             of
             Salts
             ,
             whether
             Acid
             or
             Alcalisate
             ,
             Fixt
             or
             Volatile
             ,
             are
             finally
             reducible
             to
             Elementary
             Water
             .
          
           
             HERE
             first
             of
             all
             't
             is
             to
             be
             acknowledged
             ,
             that
             
               Salts
               do
               naturally
               exist
               in
               Bodies
               before
               they
               have
               suffered
               the
               Fire
               :
            
             although
             in
             many
             Bodies
             ,
             as
             Woods
             ,
             Flints
             ,
             &c.
             the
             Salts
             are
             so
             bound
             up
             ,
             by
             reason
             of
             the
             close
             contexture
             of
             the
             Parts
             of
             these
             Bodies
             ,
             that
             they
             cannot
             easily
             be
             put
             into
             motion
             and
             dissolved
             ,
             and
             therefore
             do
             not
             affect
             the
             Organs
             of
             tast
             ,
             'till
             the
             concretion
             of
             the
             Parts
             be
             dissolved
             ,
             and
             the
             scattered
             saline
             Particles
             be
             brought
             together
             and
             Colliquated
             by
             the
             Fire
             .
             Nor
             is
             it
             true
             ,
             that
             the
             Terrestrial
             Particles
             are
             turned
             into
             Salts
             by
             the
             Operation
             of
             the
             Fire
             :
             for
             ,
             Why
             is
             it
             then
             that
             Ashes
             ,
             once
             Elixiviated
             ,
             will
             not
             yield
             one
             grain
             more
             of
             Salt
             ,
             though
             you
             Calcine
             them
             again
             ?
             Why
             do
             not
             any
             Terrestrial
             Particles
             acquire
             a
             saline
             tast
             by
             the
             Operation
             of
             the
             Fire
             ?
             But
             yet
             ,
          
        
         
           
           
             Sect.
             X.
             
          
           
             The
             fixt
             Salts
             of
             Vegetables
             ,
             prepared
             by
             Calcination
             ,
             were
             not
             naturally
             pre-existent
             in
             that
             form
             ,
             but
             are
             produced
             of
             the
             Volatile
             Salts
             ,
             colliquated
             amongst
             themselves
             and
             with
             the
             Earthy
             Particles
             ,
             by
             the
             force
             of
             the
             Fire
             .
          
           
             'T
             IS
             true
             ,
             there
             naturally
             exists
             ,
             in
             the
             Juice
             of
             Grapes
             and
             of
             all
             other
             Vegetables
             ,
             a
             Tartar
             so
             fixt
             as
             to
             be
             inodorous
             ,
             and
             to
             endure
             the
             Air
             (
             though
             not
             the
             Fire
             )
             without
             flying
             away
             .
             Which
             fixtness
             proceeds
             from
             the
             Acid
             ,
             that
             saturates
             the
             Volatile
             Alcali
             of
             this
             Tartar
             ;
             as
             we
             see
             in
             the
             Volatile
             Salt
             of
             Urine
             ,
             Soot
             ,
             &c.
             which
             being
             satiated
             with
             Spirit
             of
             Salt
             ,
             are
             thereby
             fixed
             into
             Sal-Armoniack
             ,
             that
             has
             no
             smell
             .
             The
             Fermentation
             of
             the
             Juices
             ,
             pressed
             out
             of
             Apples
             ,
             Pears
             ,
             &c.
             is
             a
             manifest
             proof
             of
             this
             Tartarous
             Salt
             ;
             for
             there
             can
             be
             no
             Fermentation
             without
             Acid
             and
             Alcaly
             ,
             which
             are
             the
             constituent
             Principles
             of
             Tartar.
             But
             there
             is
             no
             Salt
             ,
             pre-existent
             to
             Calcination
             in
             any
             Vegetable
             ,
             so
             fixt
             as
             to
             endure
             the
             Fire
             as
             well
             as
             the
             Air.
             For
             ,
          
           
             First
             ,
             the
             ordinary
             way
             of
             preparing
             fixt
             Salts
             ,
             is
             ,
             by
             burning
             the
             dried
             Vegetables
             
             to
             Ashes
             in
             an
             open
             Fire
             ,
             Lixiviating
             these
             Ashes
             by
             decoction
             in
             common
             Water
             ,
             and
             exposing
             this
             Lee
             to
             some
             heat
             ,
             'till
             the
             greatest
             part
             of
             the
             Water
             being
             Evaporated
             ,
             the
             saline
             Particles
             ,
             formerly
             dispersed
             in
             the
             Pores
             of
             the
             Liquor
             ,
             unite
             together
             for
             want
             of
             room
             into
             Crystals
             ,
             of
             different
             Figures
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             diversity
             of
             the
             seminal
             Acid.
             Others
             Distill
             a
             certain
             Acid
             seminal
             Spirit
             from
             the
             Plant
             ,
             reduced
             to
             Ashes
             by
             a
             moderate
             Fire
             ,
             and
             Lixiviate
             the
             Salt
             that
             remains
             in
             the
             retort
             with
             this
             Spirit
             .
             Again
             others
             ,
             instead
             of
             this
             Acid
             ,
             cast
             a
             little
             Sulphur
             upon
             the
             Salt
             ,
             when
             't
             is
             highly
             Calcined
             ,
             whose
             seminal
             Acid
             gives
             a
             certain
             form
             to
             the
             Salt
             ,
             in
             place
             of
             that
             which
             the
             extreme
             Calcination
             had
             destroyed
             ;
             lest
             ,
             if
             the
             Salt
             were
             wholly
             destitute
             of
             a
             seminal
             Acid
             ,
             it
             should
             resolve
             into
             Elementary
             Water
             ,
             as
             shall
             be
             made
             out
             hereafter
             .
             But
             
             Tachenius's
             method
             is
             the
             best
             ;
             namely
             ,
             to
             reduce
             the
             Plants
             ,
             whilst
             they
             are
             fresh
             and
             green
             ,
             into
             black
             Ashes
             with
             a
             very
             gentle
             Fire
             ,
             so
             as
             they
             may
             not
             break
             out
             into
             a
             manifest
             flame
             ;
             to
             Calcine
             these
             Ashes
             to
             whiteness
             in
             an
             Earthen
             Pot
             over
             the
             fire
             ,
             stirring
             them
             ever
             now
             and
             then
             ;
             after
             this
             to
             Lixiviate
             them
             with
             common
             Water
             ;
             to
             evaporate
             the
             Lee
             to
             the
             consistence
             
             of
             Honey
             ;
             then
             to
             urge
             it
             with
             a
             moderate
             Fire
             to
             browness
             :
             and
             last
             of
             all
             to
             dissolve
             and
             Chrystallise
             it
             .
             One
             pound
             of
             Ashes
             ,
             prepared
             after
             this
             manner
             ,
             will
             yield
             near
             four
             ounces
             of
             very
             pure
             fixt
             Salt
             :
             whereas
             four
             pound
             Calcined
             by
             the
             former
             methods
             ,
             will
             scarce
             yield
             one
             ounce
             .
             The
             reason
             of
             so
             great
             a
             difference
             ,
             depends
             partly
             upon
             the
             greenness
             of
             the
             Plants
             ,
             and
             partly
             upon
             the
             moderateness
             of
             the
             Fire
             imployed
             to
             Calcine
             them
             .
             For
             dried
             Plants
             (
             for
             instance
             Wormwood
             )
             do
             always
             afford
             less
             fixt
             Salt
             than
             green
             ones
             ;
             whence
             it
             manifestly
             follows
             ,
             that
             by
             Exs●iccation
             some
             Saline
             Particles
             are
             carried
             away
             with
             the
             Aqueous
             ones
             ,
             which
             would
             have
             composed
             a
             part
             of
             the
             fixt
             Salt
             ,
             if
             the
             Plant
             had
             been
             Calcined
             while
             it
             was
             green
             :
             now
             these
             Salts
             could
             not
             fly
             away
             unless
             they
             were
             Volatile
             .
             Again
             ,
             as
             the
             Volatile
             Salts
             of
             a
             Plant
             are
             spent
             by
             the
             action
             of
             the
             Air
             in
             Exsiccation
             ,
             so
             are
             they
             likewise
             by
             the
             action
             of
             the
             Fire
             in
             Calcination
             ;
             and
             this
             so
             much
             the
             more
             ,
             by
             how
             much
             the
             Fire
             is
             more
             violent
             ;
             for
             the
             Particles
             of
             a
             
               manifest
               flame
            
             ,
             being
             in
             exceeding
             quick
             motion
             ,
             excite
             the
             Volatile
             Salts
             to
             a
             swifter
             motion
             ,
             and
             consequently
             a
             more
             copious
             avolation
             ,
             than
             those
             of
             a
             gentle
             smothering
             Fire
             .
          
           
           
             Secondly
             ,
             If
             you
             take
             the
             Soot
             that
             ascends
             in
             the
             Calcination
             of
             Tartar
             ,
             (
             otherwise
             called
             the
             
               Spirit
               of
               Tartar
            
             ,
             )
             and
             put
             it
             back
             again
             to
             the
             
               Caput
               mortuum
            
             ,
             you
             will
             thereby
             much
             increase
             the
             quantity
             of
             the
             fixt
             Salt
             :
             And
             if
             all
             the
             Volatile
             saline
             Particles
             of
             Tartar
             could
             be
             kept
             from
             flying
             away
             in
             Calcination
             ,
             they
             would
             all
             turn
             into
             a
             fixt
             Salt.
             But
             if
             all
             of
             them
             were
             driven
             away
             ,
             't
             were
             not
             possible
             to
             obtain
             one
             grain
             of
             fixt
             Salt
             :
             which
             yet
             never
             happens
             ,
             because
             they
             cannot
             all
             fly
             away
             at
             once
             ,
             but
             one
             after
             another
             ;
             so
             that
             those
             ,
             which
             were
             to
             fly
             away
             last
             ,
             are
             by
             reason
             of
             their
             longer
             stay
             in
             the
             fire
             ,
             Colliquated
             ,
             and
             so
             fixed
             ;
             and
             that
             partly
             by
             the
             Acid
             Particles
             that
             feed
             the
             flame
             (
             and
             condense
             the
             smoak
             into
             Soot
             )
             and
             partly
             by
             the
             Earthy
             Particles
             ,
             commixed
             with
             the
             Volatile
             Salts
             that
             are
             Coagulated
             in
             the
             Fire
             .
          
           
             Thirdly
             ,
             'T
             is
             impossible
             to
             extract
             one
             grain
             of
             fixt
             Salt
             from
             any
             Vegetable
             ,
             not
             yet
             calcined
             to
             Ashes
             ,
             that
             is
             ,
             so
             long
             as
             there
             remains
             any
             smoke
             ,
             or
             the
             least
             motion
             ,
             of
             the
             Vegetable
             Particles
             (
             such
             as
             we
             see
             in
             glowing
             Charcoal
             ;
             )
             but
             when
             this
             motion
             ceases
             ,
             't
             is
             a
             sign
             that
             all
             the
             remaining
             Particles
             are
             Coagulated
             and
             fixed
             .
          
           
           
             Fourthly
             ,
             Soot
             is
             nothing
             else
             but
             a
             heap
             of
             Volatile
             Particles
             Coagulated
             together
             ,
             and
             yet
             by
             Calcination
             it
             affords
             a
             considerable
             quantity
             of
             fixt
             Salt
             ;
             which
             must
             proceed
             from
             the
             Colliquation
             of
             the
             Volatile
             Salts
             ,
             since
             there
             can
             be
             none
             but
             such
             in
             Soot
             :
             for
             fixt
             Salts
             are
             so
             constant
             in
             the
             Fire
             that
             they
             cannot
             ascend
             in
             the
             form
             of
             Flame
             or
             Smoak
             ,
             and
             consequently
             cannot
             enter
             the
             composition
             of
             Soot
             .
             And
             that
             the
             Salts
             of
             Soot
             are
             Volatile
             ,
             is
             also
             manifest
             from
             hence
             ,
             that
             ,
             by
             means
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Salt
             ,
             they
             may
             be
             turned
             to
             Sal-Armoniack
             ,
             and
             consequently
             (
             when
             the
             Acid
             Spirit
             is
             separated
             by
             the
             addition
             of
             a
             fixed
             Alcali
             )
             into
             a
             Volatile
             and
             highly
             Urinous
             Salt.
             So
             that
             the
             matter
             ,
             of
             which
             the
             fixt
             Salt
             of
             Soot
             consists
             ,
             are
             these
             Volatile
             Salts
             of
             Soot
             ,
             one
             Acid
             and
             another
             Urinous
             ,
             Colliquated
             together
             and
             with
             the
             Terrestrial
             Particles
             ,
             by
             the
             force
             of
             the
             Fire
             .
             Nor
             can
             it
             be
             said
             ,
             that
             the
             fixt
             Salt
             of
             Soot
             was
             carried
             up
             by
             the
             Volatile
             ;
             for
             (
             besides
             that
             there
             was
             no
             fixt
             Salt
             pre-existent
             in
             the
             mixt
             Body
             )
             by
             this
             means
             it
             would
             be
             no
             more
             a
             fixt
             but
             a
             Volatile
             Salt
             :
             and
             if
             we
             consider
             the
             proportion
             of
             the
             fixt
             Salt
             of
             Soot
             to
             the
             weight
             of
             the
             Soot
             it self
             ,
             it
             will
             easily
             appear
             ,
             that
             Soot
             contains
             not
             enough
             of
             
             Volatile
             Salt
             to
             elevate
             such
             a
             quantity
             of
             Fixt
             ,
             since
             that
             ought
             to
             exceed
             this
             almost
             in
             a
             triple
             proportion
             .
             Thus
             though
             if
             you
             mingle
             fixt
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             ,
             with
             a
             sufficient
             proportion
             of
             
               its
               own
            
             ,
             or
             any
             other
             ,
             Volatile
             Salt
             ,
             and
             commit
             this
             mixture
             to
             sublimation
             ,
             our
             Author
             denies
             not
             but
             that
             some
             parts
             of
             the
             fixt
             Salt
             will
             be
             elevated
             by
             the
             other
             Salt
             ;
             yet
             he
             affirms
             ,
             that
             these
             are
             not
             integral
             parts
             ,
             but
             have
             lost
             the
             nature
             of
             a
             fixt
             Salt
             ,
             and
             are
             really
             turned
             into
             a
             Volatile
             one
             ,
             because
             this
             sublimation
             separates
             them
             from
             the
             Terrestial
             Particles
             ,
             their
             union
             with
             which
             was
             the
             only
             thing
             that
             kept
             them
             in
             a
             fixt
             state
             .
             In
             the
             like
             manner
             
               Spirit
               of
               Wine
            
             ,
             being
             digested
             with
             fixt
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             ,
             and
             drawn
             off
             by
             Distillation
             ,
             carries
             along
             with
             it
             some
             of
             the
             saline
             Particles
             (
             whence
             it
             is
             said
             to
             be
             
               Tartaris'd
               ,
            
             )
             but
             no
             Terrestrial
             ones
             ,
             and
             consequently
             no
             fixt
             Salt
             but
             a
             Volatile
             .
             
               Again
               ,
               as
               't
               is
               impossible
               to
               obtain
               one
               grain
               of
               fixt
               Salt
               from
               Soot
               ,
               before
               a
               violent
               Calcination
               ,
               so
               the
               quantity
               of
               the
               fixt
               Salt
               is
               increased
               by
               all
               the
               same
               methods
               that
               restrain
               the
               Volatile
               from
               flying
               away
               in
               this
               Calcination
               :
            
             namely
             if
             it
             be
             Calcined
             in
             a
             close
             Vessel
             ,
             with
             an
             intense
             Fire
             at
             the
             beginning
             ,
             (
             that
             the
             Volatile
             Salts
             may
             be
             the
             sooner
             colliquated
             ,
             before
             
             they
             can
             have
             time
             to
             fly
             away
             )
             then
             beaten
             ,
             and
             kept
             stirring
             over
             the
             Fire
             'till
             it
             be
             of
             a
             cineritious
             colour
             .
             The
             Soot
             also
             ,
             that
             ascends
             in
             the
             Calcination
             of
             Soot
             ,
             being
             put
             back
             again
             to
             the
             
               Caput
               Mortuum
            
             ,
             increases
             the
             quantity
             of
             the
             fixt
             Salt.
             
          
           
             
               Fifthly
               ,
               Whatsoever
               separates
               the
               Terrestrial
               parts
               from
               any
               fixt
               Salt
               ,
               does
               at
               the
               same
               time
               destroy
               its
               Fixity
               ,
               and
               Volatilise
               the
               saline
               parts
               .
            
             Which
             our
             Author
             makes
             out
             by
             several
             Experiments
             .
             1.
             
             If
             you
             pour
             Spirit
             of
             Salt
             ,
             by
             degrees
             ,
             upon
             a
             Lee
             of
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             ,
             (
             or
             of
             any
             other
             Alcalisate
             Salt
             ,
             )
             'till
             it
             be
             almost
             satiated
             ,
             (
             which
             is
             known
             by
             the
             abating
             of
             the
             Effervescence
             ,
             )
             you
             shall
             observe
             a
             kind
             of
             Earth
             precipitate
             out
             of
             the
             fixt
             Salt
             ,
             (
             namely
             because
             ,
             
               upon
               the
               mutual
               conflict
               ,
               between
               an
               Acid
               and
               an
               Alcali
               ,
               whatsoever
               heterogeneous
               substance
               is
               contained
               in
               either
               of
               them
               uses
               to
               precipitate
               .
               )
            
             The
             Earthy
             part
             of
             the
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             being
             thus
             separated
             ,
             the
             saline
             part
             is
             thereby
             render'd
             Volatile
             ,
             and
             would
             actually
             fly
             away
             ,
             were
             it
             not
             for
             the
             Acid
             that
             fixes
             it
             anew
             :
             and
             if
             you
             separate
             this
             Acid
             ,
             by
             the
             addition
             of
             new
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             ,
             it
             will
             by
             this
             means
             be
             set
             at
             liberty
             ,
             and
             strike
             your
             Nostrils
             with
             an
             Urinous
             odour
             .
             Thus
             ,
             if
             you
             separate
             the
             Liquor
             from
             the
             precipitated
             
             Earth
             by
             Filtration
             ,
             then
             reduce
             it
             to
             Crystals
             by
             evaporation
             ,
             and
             last
             of
             all
             ,
             mingle
             an
             equal
             quantity
             of
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             ,
             with
             these
             Crystals
             in
             a
             Mortar
             ;
             the
             Acid
             rit
             Spirit
             will
             joyn
             it self
             to
             this
             new
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             ,
             and
             so
             the
             Volatile
             Alcali
             ,
             being
             freed
             from
             the
             Acid
             ,
             flies
             away
             .
             Nor
             can
             it
             be
             said
             ,
             that
             the
             forementioned
             Earth
             did
             but
             externally
             adhere
             to
             the
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             ,
             and
             was
             not
             intimately
             united
             with
             it
             by
             Colliquation
             ;
             since
             the
             experiment
             succeeds
             with
             Oyl
             of
             Tartar
             
               per
               deliquium
            
             ,
             though
             it
             be
             clear
             and
             limpid
             like
             Rock-water
             :
             but
             observe
             ,
             that
             the
             Earth
             does
             not
             fall
             out
             of
             the
             Pores
             of
             the
             Oyl
             of
             Tartar
             ,
             'till
             the
             Salts
             have
             attain'd
             the
             point
             of
             saturation
             ,
             and
             then
             the
             Liquor
             ,
             that
             was
             lympid
             before
             ,
             begins
             to
             look
             troubled
             ;
             and
             when
             the
             Glass
             has
             stood
             a
             while
             ,
             a
             whitish
             colour'd
             substance
             settles
             to
             the
             bottom
             .
             But
             the
             Volatile
             Salt
             ,
             that
             is
             separated
             from
             the
             Oyl
             of
             Tartar
             ,
             is
             weaker
             than
             that
             which
             is
             separated
             from
             the
             dry
             Salt
             ;
             because
             Salts
             approach
             so
             much
             the
             nearer
             to
             the
             nature
             of
             Elementary
             Water
             ,
             by
             how
             much
             the
             easier
             they
             run
             
               per
               deliquium
            
             .
             2.
             
             In
             the
             very
             same
             manner
             ,
             and
             for
             the
             same
             reason
             ,
             a
             Volatile
             Urinous
             Salt
             may
             be
             obtain'd
             from
             the
             
               Caput
               mortuum
            
             of
             Sal-Armoniac
             ,
             by
             the
             addition
             
             of
             new
             fixt
             Salt.
             For
             in
             Sal-Armoniack
             there
             is
             a
             somewhat
             fixt
             Acid
             Spirit
             ,
             combined
             with
             the
             Volatile
             Salt
             of
             Urine
             and
             Soot
             ;
             which
             Acid
             ,
             being
             imbib'd
             by
             the
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             ,
             (
             that
             is
             mingled
             with
             the
             Sal-Armoniack
             immediately
             before
             Distillation
             ,
             )
             the
             Volatile
             Salt
             is
             set
             at
             liberty
             ,
             and
             presently
             flies
             away
             .
             And
             in
             the
             mean
             time
             ,
             the
             forementioned
             Acid
             dissolves
             the
             Union
             ,
             between
             the
             Earthy
             and
             Saline
             Particles
             of
             the
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             ,
             and
             thereby
             renders
             the
             saline
             ones
             Volatile
             ;
             which
             therefore
             ,
             so
             soon
             as
             they
             are
             freed
             from
             this
             Acid
             ,
             by
             the
             addition
             of
             new
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             to
             the
             
               Caput
               mortuum
            
             ,
             do
             presently
             ascend
             ,
             even
             without
             Fire
             ,
             with
             a
             most
             piercing
             Urinous
             odour
             .
             And
             even
             from
             this
             second
             
               Caput
               mortuum
            
             you
             may
             obtain
             a
             Volatile
             Salt
             ,
             by
             the
             addition
             of
             a
             third
             portion
             of
             Salt
             of
             Tartar.
             3.
             
             The
             Volatilisation
             of
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             ,
             by
             the
             help
             of
             Vinegar
             ,
             depends
             upon
             the
             same
             Principle
             .
             For
             they
             pour
             Vinegar
             upon
             the
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             ,
             and
             draw
             it
             off
             very
             Phlegmatick
             ;
             for
             the
             Acid
             Salt
             is
             left
             in
             the
             Salt
             of
             Tartar.
             Then
             they
             pour
             on
             fresh
             Vinegar
             ,
             and
             abstract
             it
             as
             before
             ;
             and
             reiterate
             this
             Operation
             so
             often
             ,
             'till
             the
             Vinegar
             came
             over
             as
             Acid
             as
             when
             it
             was
             poured
             on
             :
             which
             is
             a
             sign
             that
             the
             
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             is
             now
             satiated
             with
             the
             Acid
             of
             the
             Vinegar
             ,
             and
             consequently
             Volatilis'd
             by
             the
             separation
             of
             the
             Earth
             that
             fix'd
             it
             .
             For
             if
             you
             pour
             Vinegar
             upon
             the
             Lee
             of
             Tartar
             ,
             to
             the
             point
             of
             saturation
             ,
             the
             Earth
             of
             the
             Tartar
             will
             presently
             precipitate
             .
             4.
             
             The
             Preparation
             of
             
               Balsam
               of
               Samech
            
             is
             of
             no
             small
             affinity
             to
             this
             ;
             namely
             ,
             the
             Volatilisation
             of
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             ,
             by
             a
             frequent
             abstraction
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             from
             it
             .
             For
             the
             Spirit
             that
             is
             first
             poured
             on
             ,
             though
             it
             were
             highly
             rectifi'd
             ,
             comes
             off
             Phlegmatick
             ,
             with
             very
             great
             loss
             of
             its
             igneous
             vertue
             ;
             because
             't
             is
             in
             great
             part
             turned
             into
             a
             Water
             ,
             by
             being
             rob'd
             of
             its
             seminal
             Acid.
             But
             ,
             so
             soon
             as
             the
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             is
             fully
             satiated
             with
             this
             Acid
             ,
             (
             which
             cannot
             be
             without
             reiterating
             the
             abstraction
             of
             fresh
             Spirit
             a
             great
             many
             times
             ,
             since
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             requires
             a
             great
             quantity
             of
             the
             strongest
             Vinegar
             to
             satiate
             it
             ,
             though
             the
             Acidity
             of
             Vinegar
             be
             manifest
             and
             more
             fixt
             ,
             whereas
             that
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             is
             occult
             and
             Volatile
             ,
             )
             and
             the
             Spirit
             comes
             off
             without
             loss
             of
             strength
             ,
             the
             Alcali
             of
             the
             Tartar
             is
             found
             to
             have
             been
             Volatilis'd
             ,
             by
             being
             separated
             from
             the
             Earth
             that
             fix'd
             it
             .
             Hence
             you
             may
             observe
             a
             sweetness
             in
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             Tartarised
             ,
             
             which
             argues
             ,
             that
             the
             Acid
             Particles
             of
             the
             Spirit
             are
             Converted
             into
             sweet
             ones
             ,
             by
             being
             Coagulated
             in
             the
             Alcalisate
             ones
             of
             the
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             that
             ascend
             with
             them
             ;
             in
             like
             manner
             as
             when
             Vinegar
             is
             Coagulated
             in
             Saturn
             or
             Mars
             .
             N.
             B.
             'T
             is
             not
             necessary
             ,
             in
             this
             Operation
             ,
             to
             separate
             the
             Acid
             from
             the
             Volatilis'd
             Alcaly
             ,
             before
             this
             Alcaly
             can
             be
             made
             to
             ascend
             ,
             as
             it
             was
             in
             the
             Experiments
             made
             with
             Spirit
             of
             Salt
             and
             Vinegar
             ;
             because
             the
             
               Acid
               of
               the
               Spirit
               of
               Wine
            
             is
             much
             more
             Volatile
             than
             that
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Salt
             or
             Vinegar
             ,
             and
             therefore
             ,
             tho'
             it
             be
             Coagulated
             in
             the
             Volatilis'd
             Alcaly
             ,
             yet
             it
             hinders
             not
             it's
             Volatility
             .
             5.
             
             The
             same
             Observation
             holds
             of
             Oyl
             of
             Cinnamon
             (
             and
             the
             like
             Distil'd
             Oyls
             )
             which
             being
             long
             Digested
             and
             Circulated
             with
             it's
             own
             
               Fixt
               Salt
            
             ,
             Volatilizes
             it
             ,
             and
             is
             together
             with
             it
             totally
             converted
             into
             a
             Volatile
             Salt
             ,
             if
             Helmont
             rightly
             informs
             us
             ,
             And
             't
             is
             easy
             to
             understand
             the
             reason
             of
             this
             ,
             if
             we
             consider
             that
             there
             is
             an
             Acid
             in
             all
             distill'd
             Oyls
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             in
             Spirit
             of
             
               Wine
               and
            
             all
             other
             Inflamable
             Substances
             ;
             which
             we
             shall
             manifestly
             prove
             hereafter
             .
             6.
             
             In
             the
             Fermentation
             of
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             with
             its
             own
             proper
             Ferment
             ,
             namely
             Crude
             Tartar
             ;
             the
             Acid
             
             of
             the
             latter
             Precipitates
             the
             Earth
             of
             the
             former
             ;
             (
             from
             eight
             ounces
             of
             each
             the
             Author
             has
             seen
             two
             Drams
             of
             Earth
             separated
             )
             but
             the
             Volatilis'd
             Alcaly
             ,
             being
             kept
             under
             the
             power
             of
             this
             Acid
             ,
             does
             not
             yet
             manifest
             it self
             :
             so
             that
             the
             Volatile
             Urinous
             Salt
             which
             is
             obtain'd
             from
             hence
             ,
             does
             not
             so
             much
             proceed
             from
             the
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             ,
             as
             from
             the
             Crude
             Tartar
             ,
             on
             which
             the
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             operates
             in
             this
             case
             ,
             much
             after
             the
             same
             manner
             as
             it
             uses
             to
             do
             as
             Sal-Armoniac
             .
             Which
             is
             the
             more
             probable
             ,
             because
             a
             very
             piercing
             Urinous
             Salt
             may
             be
             obtain'd
             from
             Crude
             Tartar
             alone
             ,
             without
             any
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             ,
             only
             by
             the
             addition
             of
             an
             equal
             weight
             of
             Crude
             Alum
             ,
             as
             
               Dan.
               Ludovicus
            
             informs
             us
             .
             7.
             
             Oyl
             of
             Tartar
             
               per
               deliquium
            
             ,
             digested
             with
             Flowers
             of
             Sulphur
             in
             a
             gentle
             heat
             ,
             emits
             Particles
             extremely
             Urinous
             ;
             which
             effect
             the
             Author
             attributes
             to
             the
             Acid
             of
             the
             Sulphur
             :
             and
             adds
             ,
             that
             ,
             having
             had
             occasion
             to
             reduce
             
               faetid
               Oyl
            
             of
             Harts-horn
             into
             a
             soap
             with
             a
             certain
             Alcalisate
             Salt
             ,
             the
             Glass
             grew
             warm
             without
             any
             External
             Heat
             ,
             and
             a
             strong
             Urinous
             Odour
             pierc'd
             his
             Nose
             .
             [
             I
             am
             apt
             to
             think
             that
             this
             Odour
             came
             not
             from
             the
             Alcalisate
             Salt
             ,
             as
             the
             Author
             seems
             to
             believe
             ,
             but
             from
             the
             Oyl
             of
             Harts-horn
             ,
             
             which
             without
             doubt
             contains
             an
             Urinous
             Salt
             in
             it
             .
             And
             if
             it
             contain
             an
             Acid
             also
             ,
             as
             the
             Author
             thinks
             it
             does
             ,
             the
             Incalescence
             might
             proceed
             from
             some
             conflict
             betwixt
             this
             &
             the
             Alcalisate
             Salt
             ,
             which
             being
             united
             together
             ,
             the
             Urinous
             Salt
             was
             perhas
             thereby
             set
             at
             liberty
             from
             the
             Acid
             that
             formerly
             detain'd
             it
             .
             ]
             The
             like
             Odour
             is
             observable
             in
             the
             Salt
             produc'd
             by
             frequent
             abstraction
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             from
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             :
             Where
             the
             Author
             observes
             that
             some
             ,
             after
             they
             have
             several
             times
             pour'd
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             upon
             warm
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             and
             abstracted
             it
             again
             ,
             do
             last
             of
             all
             pour
             on
             Oyl
             of
             Vitriol
             ,
             and
             then
             obtain
             the
             Volatile
             Salt
             by
             the
             addition
             of
             fresh
             Salt
             of
             Tartar.
             Which
             Experiment
             ,
             tho'
             the
             Author
             has
             not
             try'd
             ,
             yet
             he
             judges
             it
             may
             succeed
             ;
             since
             the
             Terestrial
             parts
             of
             the
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             may
             be
             separated
             by
             the
             
               Oyl
               of
               Vitriol
            
             ,
             and
             the
             Alcaline
             parts
             ,
             being
             united
             with
             this
             Acid
             ,
             may
             be
             set
             at
             liberty
             by
             the
             addition
             of
             new
             Salt
             of
             Tartar.
             
          
           
             Here
             the
             Author
             takes
             occasion
             to
             discourse
             of
             the
             Vertues
             of
             
               Salt
               of
               Tartar
               Volatilis'd
            
             ,
             and
             affirms
             that
             it
             has
             no
             peculiar
             Effects
             ,
             (
             neither
             in
             the
             Curing
             of
             Diseases
             ,
             nor
             in
             the
             Dissolution
             of
             Bodies
             ,
             )
             but
             what
             other
             Urinous
             Salts
             do
             likewise
             
             produce
             .
             But
             yet
             he
             acknowledges
             a
             Specifick
             Difference
             between
             them
             ,
             upon
             the
             account
             of
             the
             Seed
             in
             the
             Acid
             of
             Tartar
             ,
             which
             differs
             from
             the
             Seeds
             of
             other
             Acids
             :
             and
             in
             this
             respect
             other
             Urinous
             Salts
             do
             also
             differ
             from
             one
             another
             ;
             since
             the
             renowned
             Boyl
             has
             observ'd
             ,
             that
             
               the
               Volatil
               Salt
               of
               Harts-horn
            
             resembles
             a
             Parallelopiped
             ,
             but
             
               that
               of
               Human
               Blood
            
             ,
             digested
             with
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             ,
             is
             like
             a
             Rhombus
             .
             This
             diversity
             of
             Figure
             is
             owing
             to
             the
             different
             Seeds
             or
             
             Idea's
             ,
             as
             residing
             in
             the
             Acids
             ,
             that
             are
             the
             causes
             of
             the
             Solidity
             and
             Coagulation
             of
             these
             Salt
             :
             Wherefore
             the
             Fixt
             
               Salt
               of
               Tartar
            
             Cristallis'd
             does
             also
             resemble
             a
             Rhombus
             ,
             because
             the
             Seminal
             Acid
             of
             this
             Salt
             ,
             is
             of
             the
             same
             kind
             with
             that
             of
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             ,
             which
             being
             stronger
             than
             the
             Seminal
             Acid
             of
             the
             foremention'd
             Volatile
             Salt
             of
             Blood
             ,
             this
             Salt
             is
             Coagulated
             according
             to
             the
             Idea
             of
             the
             Vinous
             Acid
             :
             even
             as
             ,
             when
             Spirit
             of
             Nitre
             is
             pour'd
             upon
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             ,
             the
             Acid
             of
             the
             former
             being
             the
             more
             powerfull
             ,
             forms
             the
             Crystals
             of
             an
             Oblong
             figure
             like
             Nitre
             ,
             but
             not
             like
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             ,
             which
             resembles
             a
             Rhombus
             .
             The
             Author
             concludes
             ,
             that
             this
             Seminal
             difference
             of
             Volatile
             Alcalies
             is
             of
             little
             moment
             in
             Medicine
             ,
             since
             all
             Alcalies
             ,
             
             even
             the
             purest
             ,
             are
             endow'd
             with
             so
             much
             of
             a
             Seminal
             Acid
             ,
             as
             does
             indeed
             preserve
             them
             from
             a
             Spontaneous
             resolution
             ,
             into
             Elementary
             Water
             ,
             but
             yet
             hinders
             them
             not
             from
             being
             in
             a
             capacity
             to
             imbibe
             this
             or
             that
             Hostile
             Morbisic
             Acid
             indifferently
             .
             The
             same
             thing
             is
             to
             be
             said
             of
             the
             fixt
             Alcalisate
             Salts
             of
             Vegetables
             ,
             for
             the
             Seminal
             Vertues
             are
             lost
             in
             the
             Calcination
             ,
             and
             there
             remains
             only
             so
             much
             of
             a
             seminal
             Acid
             ,
             as
             keeps
             them
             from
             relapsing
             into
             Elementary
             Water
             ,
             and
             does
             indeed
             cause
             them
             to
             differ
             specifically
             from
             one
             another
             ,
             but
             not
             to
             produce
             different
             Effects
             in
             Medicine
             .
          
           
             From
             all
             the
             foremention'd
             Particulars
             ,
             concerning
             the
             
               Volatilising
               of
               Fixt
               Salts
            
             ,
             our
             Author
             concludes
             ,
             that
             there
             can
             never
             be
             any
             Method
             found
             out
             to
             effect
             it
             ,
             but
             by
             separating
             the
             Terrestrial
             Particles
             .
             As
             for
             
               Zwelfers
               Volatile
               Salt
               of
               Tartar
            
             ,
             prepar'd
             by
             often
             reiterated
             Solutions
             (
             
               per
               deliquium
            
             )
             and
             Abstractions
             ,
             he
             affirms
             that
             't
             is
             nothing
             else
             but
             
               useless
               Elementary
               Water
            
             ;
             as
             will
             manifestly
             appear
             to
             him
             that
             considers
             ,
             that
             
               Alcalisate
               Salts
               are
               fundamentally
               nothing
               else
               but
               Aqueous
               Particles
               ,
               converted
               by
               a
               little
               Seminal
               Acid
               into
               rigid
               Salts
               ,
               which
               ,
               as
               soon
               as
               the
               Acid
               is
               destroy'd
               ,
               turn
               again
               into
               Water
               :
            
             
             wherefore
             the
             more
             violent
             the
             Calcination
             is
             ,
             and
             by
             consequence
             the
             greater
             your
             loss
             is
             of
             this
             seminal
             Acid
             ,
             they
             are
             the
             more
             easily
             resolv'd
             
               per
               deliquium
            
             in
             moist
             Air
             ,
             which
             by
             it's
             vertue
             ,
             as
             a
             Menstruum
             ,
             does
             in
             great
             part
             consume
             the
             little
             Acid
             that
             remains
             and
             thereby
             resolve
             a
             great
             part
             of
             the
             Alcalisate
             Salt
             into
             Elementary
             Water
             ,
             wherein
             the
             other
             Particles
             ,
             not
             yet
             depriv'd
             of
             their
             Seed
             ,
             do
             swim
             ,
             (
             for
             when
             Salts
             approach
             to
             the
             nature
             of
             Water
             ,
             they
             are
             readily
             dissolv'd
             in
             it
             ;
             )
             but
             if
             the
             Water
             be
             abstracted
             from
             them
             ,
             and
             they
             expos'd
             to
             the
             Air
             again
             ,
             their
             remaining
             Acid
             is
             destroy'd
             ,
             and
             they
             resolv'd
             into
             Water
             in
             great
             part
             :
             and
             if
             they
             run
             
               per
               deliquium
            
             and
             be
             abstracted
             often
             enough
             ,
             all
             the
             Seminal
             Acid
             will
             be
             at
             length
             destroy'd
             ,
             and
             nothing
             remain
             but
             bare
             Elementary
             Water
             ,
             which
             will
             all
             of
             it
             easily
             ascend
             .
             And
             by
             this
             means
             any
             Fixt
             Alcalisate
             Salt
             may
             be
             totally
             reduc'd
             into
             Elementary
             Water
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             Sect.
             XI
             .
          
           
             
               THE
               Volatile
               Salts
               of
               Vegetables
            
             ,
             since
             they
             are
             the
             Matter
             of
             which
             (
             Colliquated
             with
             the
             Acid
             and
             Terrestrial
             Particles
             )
             the
             Alcalisate
             Salts
             consist
             ;
             
               And
               the
               Volatile
               Salts
               of
               Animals
               ,
            
             since
             (
             as
             the
             Author
             has
             prov'd
             )
             they
             differ
             not
             essentially
             from
             those
             of
             Vegetables
             ;
             are
             both
             of
             them
             ultimately
             reducible
             into
             Elementary
             Water
             .
          
        
         
           
             Sect.
             XII
             .
          
           
             ACID
             Salts
             ,
             made
             fluid
             by
             the
             force
             of
             Fire
             ,
             and
             drawn
             off
             from
             fixt
             Alcalies
             ,
             may
             be
             thereby
             so
             rob'd
             of
             their
             Acid
             ,
             that
             nothing
             will
             ascend
             but
             Elementary
             Water
             .
             And
             the
             Alcalisate
             Salt
             ,
             that
             has
             imbib'd
             the
             Acid
             ,
             being
             frequently
             resolv'd
             
               per
               deliquium
            
             and
             the
             Phlegmatic
             part
             as
             frequently
             abstracted
             ,
             may
             by
             this
             means
             be
             at
             length
             totally
             converted
             into
             pure
             Elementary
             Water
             .
          
           
             Thus
             the
             Author
             having
             particularly
             examin'd
             the
             pretended
             Chymical
             principles
             ,
             and
             found
             them
             all
             ultimately
             reducible
             into
             Elementary
             Water
             ;
             Concludes
             that
          
        
         
           
           
             Sect.
             XIII
             .
          
           
             
               ALL
               Mixt
               Bodies
               are
               made
               up
               of
               Water
               ,
               as
               the
               only
               first
               Material
               Principle
               and
               Seeds
            
             (
             which
             differ
             according
             to
             the
             differing
             species
             of
             Bodies
             )
             
               as
               the
               Formal
               Principle
               ,
               united
               together
               by
               means
               of
               Acid
               Ferments
               :
            
             That
             is
             to
             say
             ,
             Water
             is
             Coagulated
             into
             a
             Plant
             ,
             
               by
               the
               Ferment
               of
               a
               Vegetable
            
             Seed
             ;
             into
             a
             Metal
             ,
             Stone
             ,
             &c.
             by
             that
             of
             a
             Mineral
             Seed
             ;
             and
             into
             Flesh
             ,
             Bones
             ,
             &c.
             by
             the
             Ferment
             of
             an
             
               Animal
               Seed
            
             .
             For
             in
             all
             Mixt
             Bodies
             there
             are
             certain
             
               Acid
               Particles
               ,
               wherein
            
             the
             Seeds
             or
             Ideas
             of
             Natural
             things
             do
             reside
             ,
             and
             which
             ,
             in
             Coagulating
             the
             approximated
             Aliment
             ,
             do
             follow
             the
             draught
             of
             these
             Ideas
             ,
             and
             so
             are
             thereby
             determin'd
             to
             give
             it
             the
             form
             of
             this
             or
             the
             other
             Vegetable
             Mineral
             ,
             or
             Animal
             .
             Thus
             in
             a
             
               Mans
               Stomach
            
             ,
             for
             example
             ,
             there
             lurks
             a
             certain
             Acid
             ,
             that
             discovers
             it self
             by
             the
             sour
             belches
             of
             healthy
             men
             ,
             and
             by
             the
             Vomiting
             of
             Coagulated
             Milk
             ,
             tho'
             it
             were
             taken
             fluid
             .
             This
             Acid
             easily
             receives
             the
             Alcalical
             Particles
             of
             the
             Meat
             extracted
             by
             (
             the
             Alcalical
             Menstruum
             )
             the
             Spittle
             ,
             and
             imprints
             the
             Idea
             of
             its
             own
             Seed
             upon
             them
             ,
             by
             which
             they
             are
             determin'd
             to
             nourish
             Man
             only
             ,
             and
             no
             other
             Animal
             ;
             as
             afterwards
             ,
             when
             they
             
             come
             to
             every
             particular
             Part
             of
             the
             Body
             ,
             by
             the
             Circulation
             of
             the
             Blood
             ,
             they
             are
             determin'd
             by
             the
             seminal
             Acid
             residing
             in
             
               that
               Part
            
             ,
             to
             nourish
             it
             rather
             than
             any
             of
             the
             rest
             .
             And
             that
             Aliment
             ,
             which
             has
             once
             receiv'd
             the
             Seal
             or
             Impression
             of
             the
             seminal
             Idea
             of
             any
             Animal
             
               in
               the
               Stomach
            
             ,
             or
             of
             any
             part
             of
             the
             Animal
             
               in
               that
               same
               Part
            
             ;
             will
             never
             receive
             the
             Idea
             of
             another
             Animal
             ,
             nor
             of
             another
             Part
             of
             the
             same
             Animal
             ,
             unless
             it
             be
             suppress'd
             by
             a
             more
             powerfull
             Ferment
             ;
             as
             when
             Sheeps
             Bones
             ,
             tho'
             furnish'd
             with
             their
             own
             proper
             
               Ferment
               and
               Idea
            
             yet
             ,
             being
             unable
             to
             resist
             the
             
               stronger
               one
            
             of
             a
             Dogs
             stomach
             ,
             are
             therein
             turn'd
             into
             fit
             nourishment
             for
             the
             Dog
             ,
             and
             afterwards
             for
             his
             Musculous
             Flesh
             it self
             and
             other
             Parts
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             for
             his
             Bones
             .
             In
             like
             manner
             Grass
             has
             its
             own
             Ferment
             and
             Idea
             suppress'd
             by
             that
             of
             a
             Cows
             stomach
             ,
             which
             seals
             it
             with
             such
             an
             Impression
             ,
             as
             renders
             it
             fit
             Nourishment
             for
             a
             Cow
             ,
             but
             not
             for
             any
             other
             Animal
             .
             But
             if
             the
             same
             Grass
             had
             been
             taken
             into
             the
             stomach
             of
             a
             Horse
             ,
             it
             would
             have
             been
             turn'd
             into
             Nourishment
             fit
             for
             a
             Horse
             ,
             but
             unfit
             for
             a
             Cow
             or
             any
             other
             Animal
             .
             Again
             common
             Mercury
             ,
             which
             is
             the
             Nourishment
             of
             Metals
             ,
             is
             converted
             into
             this
             or
             the
             other
             Metal
             ,
             
             according
             to
             the
             diversity
             of
             the
             Acid
             seminal
             Sulphur
             that
             Coagulates
             it
             .
             Finally
             all
             Vegetables
             also
             are
             endow'd
             with
             a
             seminal
             Acid
             ,
             and
             therefore
             their
             express'd
             Juices
             do
             ,
             after
             long
             Fermentation
             ,
             tast
             Acid.
             And
             in
             the
             Fermentation
             of
             Cream
             of
             Tartar
             with
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             ,
             the
             
               Seed
               ,
               Idea
            
             or
             Archeus
             ,
             that
             reside
             in
             the
             Acid
             of
             the
             Tartar
             ,
             forms
             certain
             Bubbles
             very
             much
             resembling
             natural
             Grapes
             .
          
           
             All
             this
             will
             be
             better
             understood
             hereafter
             ,
             from
             the
             Authors
             particular
             expication
             of
             the
             nature
             of
             the
             foremention'd
             Seeds
             ,
             Ideas
             and
             Ferments
             :
             But
             now
             ,
             to
             put
             it
             past
             all
             doubt
             ,
             that
             Water
             is
             the
             only
             Material
             Principle
             of
             all
             Mixt
             Bodies
             ,
             the
             Author
             has
             not
             only
             prov'd
             that
             all
             Substance
             's
             that
             Mixt
             Bodies
             can
             be
             resolv'd
             into
             by
             the
             Chymical
             Art
             ,
             are
             totally
             reducible
             into
             Elementary
             Water
             ;
             but
             likewise
             he
             proves
             particularly
             ,
             that
          
        
         
           
             Prop.
             XIV
             .
          
           
             Water
             is
             the
             only
             and
             Catholic
             Nourishment
             of
             all
             Vegetables
             ,
             Animals
             ,
             and
             Minerals
             .
          
           
             AND
             'T
             is
             manifest
             that
             every
             Body
             consists
             of
             the
             same
             Matter
             that
             nourishes
             .
             1.
             
             As
             for
             
               Vegetables
               ,
               Helmonts
            
             Experiment
             proves
             this
             beyond
             contradiction
             ;
             namely
             ,
             he
             put
             200
             pound
             of
             
             Earth
             (
             dry'd
             in
             an
             oven
             )
             into
             an
             earthen
             vessel
             ,
             moisten'd
             it
             with
             Rain-water
             ,
             planted
             it
             in
             the
             trunk
             of
             a
             
               Willow
               Tree
            
             weighing
             5
             pound
             ,
             and
             let
             it
             alone
             there
             for
             5
             years
             time
             ,
             only
             watering
             it
             ,
             as
             need
             requir'd
             ,
             with
             Rain-water
             or
             distill'd
             Water
             .
             [
             And
             to
             keep
             the
             neighbouring
             Earth
             from
             getting
             in
             ,
             he
             imploy'd
             a
             plate
             of
             Iron
             tin'd
             over
             and
             perforated
             with
             many
             holes
             .
             ]
             At
             the
             5
             years
             end
             he
             found
             the
             Tree
             had
             grown
             so
             well
             ,
             that
             it
             weighed
             169
             pound
             and
             three
             ounces
             :
             And
             yet
             the
             Earth
             ,
             being
             dry'd
             again
             ,
             weigh'd
             but
             two
             ounces
             less
             than
             it
             had
             done
             at
             first
             :
             so
             that
             above
             160
             pound
             of
             
               Wood
               ,
               Bark
               ,
               Root
            
             ,
             &c.
             had
             grown
             up
             out
             of
             mere
             Water
             ,
             Coagulated
             by
             the
             Seminal
             Ferment
             of
             the
             Vegetable
             into
             the
             severall
             Substances
             newly
             mention'd
             .
             Hence
             Rain
             does
             wonderfully
             refresh
             ,
             envigorate
             and
             advance
             the
             growth
             of
             ,
             all
             sorts
             of
             Plants
             ,
             and
             without
             that
             they
             decay
             ,
             wither
             and
             dye
             .
             For
             Water
             is
             indifferent
             to
             them
             all
             ,
             till
             it
             be
             turn'd
             by
             the
             Ferment
             of
             the
             Vegetable
             Seed
             into
             Leffas
             ,
             as
             Helmont
             calls
             the
             Juice
             that
             is
             the
             immediate
             Aliment
             of
             the
             Plant.
             Thus
             
               Wolf-bane
               Aconitum
            
             and
             Lavender
             ,
             for
             instance
             ,
             growing
             in
             the
             same
             Soyl
             ,
             are
             both
             nourish'd
             by
             the
             same
             Rain-water
             ,
             which
             
             by
             the
             Ferment
             of
             the
             one
             is
             Coagulated
             into
             a
             poysonous
             Herb
             ,
             and
             by
             that
             of
             the
             other
             into
             a
             wholsome
             one
             .
          
           
             Secondly
             ,
             That
             Animals
             are
             nourish'd
             with
             Water
             alone
             ,
             appears
             in
             Fishes
             ;
             for
             they
             live
             only
             in
             the
             Water
             ,
             and
             yet
             have
             no
             food
             supply'd
             them
             from
             any
             where
             else
             ,
             nor
             is
             there
             any
             Rudiment
             of
             it
             to
             be
             found
             in
             their
             Stomachs
             ,
             as
             Helmont
             observes
             .
             [
             And
             tho'
             some
             Fishes
             feed
             upon
             others
             ,
             yet
             these
             others
             feed
             only
             upon
             Water
             ,
             and
             therefore
             are
             materially
             nothing
             else
             but
             Water
             .
             ]
             As
             for
             
               Terrestrial
               Animals
               ;
               some
            
             of
             them
             ,
             as
             
               Horses
               ,
               Cows
               ,
               Sheep
            
             ,
             &c.
             feed
             wholly
             upon
             Water
             and
             Grass
             ,
             which
             the
             Author
             has
             already
             prov'd
             to
             be
             materially
             nothing
             else
             but
             Water
             ,
             and
             therefore
             that
             which
             grows
             in
             well
             water'd
             places
             ,
             prospers
             best
             ,
             others
             ,
             as
             a
             
               Lyon
               ,
               Wolf
            
             ,
             &c.
             tho'
             they
             be
             not
             nourish'd
             by
             Grass
             and
             Water
             only
             ,
             but
             feed
             upon
             other
             Animals
             ,
             yet
             still
             their
             food
             is
             materially
             nothing
             else
             but
             Water
             ,
             being
             that
             these
             Animals
             live
             only
             upon
             Grass
             and
             Water
             ,
             except
             when
             they
             are
             too
             young
             to
             digest
             Grass
             ,
             that
             they
             are
             nourish'd
             by
             their
             Mothers
             Milk
             ,
             which
             also
             is
             materially
             nothing
             else
             but
             Water
             ,
             since
             it
             is
             generated
             of
             the
             Mothers
             nutriment
             .
             [
             The
             same
             things
             are
             easily
             
             applicable
             to
             Birds
             ;
             ]
             and
             to
             Men
             ,
             which
             feed
             only
             upon
             Vegetables
             ,
             Fishes
             ,
             and
             the
             Flesh
             of
             Beasts
             that
             are
             nourish'd
             only
             by
             Vegetables
             .
          
           
             Thirdly
             ,
             As
             for
             Minerals
             ;
             Mercury
             is
             the
             immediate
             Aliment
             of
             Metals
             ,
             and
             some
             other
             Minerals
             ,
             and
             the
             nearest
             Matter
             of
             which
             they
             are
             produc'd
             .
             Now
             
               Mercury
               is
               nothing
               but
               Elementary
               Water
               ,
               Coagulated
               by
               a
               certain
               Metalline
               and
               Arsenical
               Sulphur
            
             into
             such
             a
             Water
             as
             does
             not
             wet
             the
             Hands
             :
             
               and
               by
               other
               various
               Sulphurs
               't
               is
               further
               Coagulated
               into
               Antimony
               and
               divers
               Metals
               .
            
             Hence
             Mines
             are
             never
             found
             but
             where
             there
             is
             a
             great
             conflux
             of
             Water
             .
             Gold
             is
             gather'd
             out
             of
             the
             Sands
             of
             some
             Rivers
             .
             Sand
             abounds
             no
             where
             so
             much
             as
             near
             the
             Sea
             and
             great
             Rivers
             .
             Stones
             are
             nothing
             else
             but
             sand
             compacted
             together
             .
             [
             And
             the
             illustrious
             
               Mr.
               Boyle
            
             has
             fully
             prov'd
             in
             a
             most
             ingenious
             as
             well
             as
             judicious
             Discourse
             about
             the
             
               Origine
               and
               virtues
               of
               Gems
            
             ,
             that
             many
             Gems
             and
             
               Medical
               Stones
            
             were
             once
             fluid
             Bodies
             .
             But
             't
             were
             too
             long
             ,
             here
             to
             give
             an
             account
             of
             the
             many
             cogent
             Arguments
             he
             there
             imploys
             to
             prove
             this
             Assertion
             ,
             which
             very
             much
             countenances
             our
             Authors
             Hypothesis
             .
             ]
             The
             experienc'd
             Helmont
             informs
             us
             ,
             that
             it
             often
             happens
             in
             Mines
             when
             
             the
             Workmen
             are
             breaking
             the
             Rocks
             ,
             that
             the
             Wall
             cleaves
             ,
             and
             a
             little
             water
             of
             a
             whitish
             green
             Colour
             flows
             out
             of
             the
             cleft
             ,
             &
             presently
             thickens
             like
             liquid
             Soap
             ;
             afterwards
             it
             growes
             yellow
             or
             white
             or
             of
             a
             deeper
             green
             .
             This
             Juice
             he
             calls
             Bur
             ,
             and
             affirms
             it
             to
             be
             the
             nearest
             Matter
             of
             all
             Minerals
             ,
             and
             to
             be
             nothing
             else
             but
             
               Water
               Coagulated
               by
               a
               Mineral
               Ferment
               ,
            
             as
             Leffas
             is
             by
             a
             Vegetable
             .
          
           
             To
             make
             it
             yet
             more
             evident
             ,
             that
             
               Water
               is
               the
               only
               first
               Material
               Principle
               of
               Natural
               Bodies
            
             ;
             the
             Author
             undertakes
             to
             prove
             that
          
        
         
           
             Prop.
             XV.
             
          
           
             All
             Animals
             ,
             Vegetables
             ,
             and
             Minerals
             are
             ultimately
             resoluble
             into
             Elementary
             Water
             .
          
           
             [
             FIRST
             the
             substances
             that
             Animals
             are
             resolv'd
             into
             by
             Distillation
             ,
             are
             Phlegm
             ,
             Volatile
             Salt
             ,
             Urinous
             Spirit
             ,
             Oyl
             ,
             and
             Earth
             or
             
               Caput
               mortuum
            
             ,
             but
             very
             little
             if
             any
             Fixt
             Salt.
             The
             Phlegm
             is
             nothing
             else
             but
             Elementary
             Water
             ,
             except
             in
             as
             far
             as
             it
             partakes
             of
             the
             Volatile
             Salt
             and
             Oyl
             ,
             of
             which
             it
             always
             carries
             up
             some
             Particles
             ,
             nor
             can
             it
             ever
             be
             perfectly
             separated
             from
             them
             .
             ]
             2.
             
             The
             
               Volatile
               Salt
            
             of
             Animals
             is
             of
             the
             same
             nature
             with
             that
             of
             Vegetables
             ,
             which
             being
             
             Colliquated
             by
             the
             force
             of
             the
             Fire
             with
             Acid
             and
             Earthy
             Particles
             ,
             is
             thereby
             turn'd
             into
             a
             Fixt
             Salt.
             And
             this
             fixt
             Salt
             being
             frequently
             deliquated
             ,
             and
             the
             Phlegm
             as
             often
             abstracted
             ,
             is
             at
             length
             totally
             resolv'd
             into
             Elementary
             Water
             .
             All
             this
             was
             abundantly
             prov'd
             before
             ;
             as
             also
             that
             3.
             
             The
             Spirit
             is
             nothing
             else
             but
             Volatile
             Salt
             dissolv'd
             in
             Phlegm
             .
             4.
             
             The
             Oyly
             and
             Fat
             parts
             of
             Animals
             may
             be
             united
             with
             an
             Alcalisate
             Salt
             into
             Soap
             ,
             from
             which
             being
             often
             abstracted
             ,
             they
             turn
             at
             length
             into
             meer
             Elementary
             Water
             .
             And
             this
             is
             to
             be
             observ'd
             of
             all
             the
             Fat
             's
             of
             Animals
             ,
             that
             by
             frequent
             Circulation
             with
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             they
             are
             converted
             into
             Water
             .
             5.
             
             [
             
               As
               for
               the
               Fixt
               Salt
               of
               Animal
               Substances
               ,
            
             't
             is
             the
             common
             Opinion
             that
             
               none
               can
               be
               abstracted
               from
               them
            
             ;
             perhaps
             because
             all
             their
             
               Saline
               Parts
            
             are
             so
             Volatile
             ,
             that
             (
             to
             speak
             consonantly
             to
             our
             Authors
             Hypothesis
             )
             they
             cannot
             sustain
             a
             Colliquation
             with
             the
             Earthy
             Parts
             ,
             especially
             since
             there
             are
             very
             few
             ,
             if
             any
             ,
             manifestly
             Acid
             ones
             to
             concur
             to
             their
             Fixation
             .
             But
             that
             indefatigable
             Searcher
             into
             Nature
             ,
             
               Mr.
               Boyle
            
             ,
             informs
             us
             ,
             that
             by
             an
             obstinate
             Calcination
             of
             eight
             ounces
             and
             a
             half
             of
             
               Caput
               mortuum
            
             of
             Human
             Blood
             ,
             
             he
             obtain'd
             above
             seven
             drams
             of
             Salt
             ,
             which
             ,
             tho
             it
             were
             not
             truly
             Lixivial
             ,
             but
             rather
             of
             the
             nature
             of
             Sea-salt
             ,
             yet
             it
             was
             Fixt
             enough
             to
             endure
             a
             Calcination
             for
             two
             days
             together
             ,
             without
             flying
             away
             .
             However
             ,
             't
             is
             probable
             ,
             that
             this
             was
             nothing
             else
             but
             some
             unalter'd
             part
             of
             the
             Sea-salt
             that
             season'd
             the
             Aliments
             ,
             that
             the
             person
             or
             persons
             whose
             the
             Blood
             was
             fed
             upon
             .
             ]
             6.
             
             The
             Earth
             also
             may
             be
             totally
             resolv'd
             into
             Elementary
             Water
             ,
             by
             being
             depriv'd
             of
             its
             seminal
             vertue
             by
             means
             of
             the
             Alcahest
             ,
             if
             we
             may
             believe
             
               Van
               Helmont
            
             .
          
           
             Hence
             t
             is
             that
             dead
             Animals
             ,
             when
             they
             putrify
             ,
             are
             resolv'd
             into
             an
             Aqueous
             Substance
             .
             And
             Helmont
             has
             deliver'd
             a
             notable
             Experiment
             to
             this
             purpose
             ,
             namely
             ,
             that
             if
             you
             dig
             up
             a
             Frog
             at
             full
             Moon
             ,
             in
             the
             coldest
             time
             of
             Winter
             ,
             (
             
               atrocissimo
               hyemis
               borea
            
             )
             wash
             it
             ,
             and
             tye
             it
             to
             a
             stick
             in
             the
             Fields
             ,
             the
             next
             morning
             't
             will
             be
             turnd
             into
             a
             white
             and
             transparent
             Mucilage
             ,
             not
             unlike
             to
             liquifi'd
             Gum
             Tragacanth
             ,
             but
             retaining
             the
             figure
             of
             a
             Frog
             .
             Yea
             he
             affirms
             that
             the
             Cadaver
             of
             a
             Man
             or
             Beast
             ,
             exposd
             all
             night
             to
             the
             Rayes
             of
             the
             Moon
             ,
             will
             in
             the
             Morning
             be
             almost
             fluid
             with
             rottenness
             ,
             (
             
               putrilagine
               diffluet
            
             :
             )
             so
             great
             power
             
             has
             the
             
               Moon
               to
               reduce
               dead
               Bodies
               into
               an
               Aqueous
               Mucilage
               .
            
          
           
             [
             Secondly
             ,
             
               Vegetable
               Substances
            
             Chymically
             analys'd
             ,
             yield
             Phlegm
             ,
             Volatile
             Salt
             ,
             Spirit
             of
             several
             sorts
             ,
             Oyl
             ,
             Fixt
             Salt
             ,
             and
             Earth
             .
             To
             the
             first
             ,
             second
             ,
             fourth
             and
             sixth
             may
             be
             apply'd
             what
             was
             said
             of
             the
             
               Phlegm
               ,
               Volatile
               Salt
               ,
               Oyl
               ,
            
             and
             Earth
             of
             Animal
             Substances
             .
             The
             
               Fixt
               Salt
            
             may
             be
             totally
             resolv'd
             into
             Elementary
             Water
             ,
             by
             reiterated
             Solutions
             in
             the
             Air
             ,
             and
             Abstractions
             ,
             as
             above
             .
             There
             are
             4.
             
               sorts
               of
               Spirits
               afforded
            
             by
             Vegetable
             Substances
             .
             1.
             
             Vinous
             inflamable
             Spirits
             ,
             which
             were
             formerly
             prov'd
             to
             be
             nothing
             but
             Oyls
             dissolv'd
             in
             Phlegm
             by
             Fermentation
             :
             as
             also
             that
             2.
             
             
               Volatile
               Saline
            
             Spirits
             ,
             as
             Spirit
             of
             Soot
             ,
             Spirit
             of
             Beans
             (
             that
             have
             been
             kept
             in
             a
             dry
             place
             for
             some
             Months
             )
             &c.
             are
             nothing
             but
             Volatile
             Salts
             dissolv'd
             into
             Phlegm
             .
             And
             that
             3.
             
             Acid
             Spirits
             ,
             as
             Spirit
             of
             Vinegar
             ,
             Spirit
             of
             
               Beans
               newly
               gather'd
            
             ,
             &c.
             
             Are
             nothing
             but
             Acid
             Salts
             in
             a
             fluid
             state
             and
             united
             with
             Phlegm
             :
             and
             being
             pour'd
             upon
             
               Fixt
               Salts
            
             ,
             they
             are
             together
             with
             them
             ultimately
             resoluble
             into
             Elementary
             Water
             .
             4.
             
             Adiaphorous
             Spirits
             of
             
               Box
               ,
               Guaiacum
            
             &c.
             Which
             the
             judicious
             
               Mr.
               Boyle
            
             ,
             who
             was
             
             the
             first
             Observer
             of
             them
             ,
             suspects
             to
             be
             generated
             of
             the
             finer
             parts
             of
             the
             Oyl
             of
             the
             Wood
             ,
             reduc'd
             to
             an
             extraordinary
             smallness
             ,
             and
             by
             that
             means
             exquisitely
             mix'd
             with
             the
             Plegm
             the
             juice
             of
             Grapes
             affords
             :
             all
             these
             4
             sorts
             of
             Spirits
             ,
             as
             
               Mr.
               Boyle
            
             has
             observ'd
             in
             his
             excellent
             Discourse
             concerning
             the
             
               Producibleness
               of
               the
               Chymical
               Principles
            
             .
          
           
             Thirdly
             ,
             As
             for
             Minerals
             ;
             We
             must
             rely
             upon
             the
             testimony
             of
             
               Van
               Helmont
            
             ,
             whom
             
               Mr.
               Boyle
            
             concludes
             to
             be
             a
             veracious
             Author
             ,
             (
             except
             in
             that
             extravagant
             Treatise
             of
             the
             
               Magnetical
               Cure
               of
               Wounds
            
             ,
             )
             from
             the
             success
             he
             has
             had
             in
             trying
             some
             of
             his
             Experiments
             ,
             that
             might
             seem
             not
             the
             most
             likely
             to
             succeed
             :
             [
             and
             I
             think
             we
             may
             justly
             lay
             great
             weight
             upon
             the
             judgement
             of
             so
             experiencd
             and
             judicious
             a
             person
             as
             
               Mr.
               Boyle
            
             ,
             concerning
             the
             sincerity
             of
             any
             Chymical
             Author
             .
             ]
             Helmont
             then
             in
             several
             places
             informs
             us
             ,
             that
             
               all
               Stones
               ,
               Gems
               ,
               Marcasites
               ,
               Metals
            
             &c.
             
               may
               be
               transmuted
               into
               an
               aequiponderant
               Salt
               ,
               and
               this
               into
               Insipid
               Water
               .
            
             And
             as
             for
             Metals
             ,
             it
             seems
             indeed
             that
             common
             Mercury
             is
             their
             nearest
             Matter
             ,
             into
             which
             they
             may
             be
             resolv'd
             by
             the
             separation
             of
             their
             
               Coagulating
               Salts
            
             :
             and
             the
             famous
             Langelot
             has
             made
             an
             Experiment
             of
             this
             in
             the
             
               Regulus
               of
               Antimony
            
             .
             
             Now
             if
             the
             other
             Metals
             also
             may
             be
             
               resolv'd
               into
               Mercury
               by
               depriving
               them
               of
               their
               Sulphurs
               ,
            
             and
             the
             Mercury
             it self
             be
             
               reducible
               into
               Water
            
             ,
             (
             
               by
               robbing
               it
               of
               the
               Sulphurs
            
             yet
             remaining
             in
             it
             ,
             )
             as
             
               Mr.
               Boyle
            
             somewhere
             affirms
             ,
             it
             may
             in
             great
             part
             ,
             and
             as
             several
             other
             Authors
             of
             good
             credit
             attest
             ;
             then
             it
             can
             no
             more
             be
             doubted
             ,
             that
             all
             Minerals
             are
             reducible
             into
             Water
             .
          
           
             [
             It
             will
             not
             be
             unseasonable
             in
             this
             place
             to
             mention
             a
             few
             Experiments
             ,
             deliver'd
             in
             
               Mr.
               Boyles
               Septical
               Chymist
            
             ,
             that
             do
             very
             much
             countenance
             the
             three
             last
             Propositions
             .
             That
             excellent
             Author
             then
             informs
             us
             ,
             that
             about
             the
             middle
             of
             May
             he
             caus'd
             his
             Gardiner
             ,
             to
             dig
             out
             some
             good
             Earth
             ,
             dry
             it
             well
             in
             an
             Oven
             ,
             weigh
             it
             ,
             put
             it
             in
             a
             very
             shallow
             Earthen
             Pot
             ,
             and
             set
             in
             it
             a
             Seed
             of
             Squash
             (
             a
             sort
             of
             Indian
             Pompion
             that
             grows
             apace
             )
             which
             he
             water'd
             only
             with
             Rain
             or
             spring
             Water
             .
             And
             tho
             the
             hastning
             Winter
             hinder'd
             it
             from
             attaining
             any
             thing
             near
             its
             wonted
             magnitude
             ,
             yet
             being
             taken
             up
             about
             the
             middle
             of
             October
             ,
             the
             Pompion
             together
             with
             the
             Stalk
             and
             Leaves
             weighed
             three
             pound
             wanting
             a
             quarter
             .
             And
             yet
             the
             Earth
             ,
             being
             very
             well
             dry'd
             in
             an
             Oven
             ,
             was
             found
             to
             have
             lost
             little
             or
             nothing
             of
             its
             
             first
             weight
             .
             He
             try'd
             the
             like
             Experiment
             with
             two
             Cucumbers
             ,
             which
             being
             taken
             out
             of
             the
             Earth
             wherein
             they
             had
             grown
             ,
             weighed
             (
             together
             with
             the
             Roots
             and
             Branches
             )
             fourteen
             pound
             and
             six
             ounces
             ;
             and
             yet
             the
             Earth
             had
             lost
             but
             a
             pound
             and
             a
             half
             of
             its
             first
             weight
             ,
             which
             the
             Gardiner
             judg'd
             to
             have
             been
             in
             great
             part
             wasted
             in
             the
             ordering
             .
             But
             granting
             that
             some
             of
             the
             Earth
             ,
             or
             rather
             of
             the
             dissoluble
             Salt
             harbour'd
             in
             it
             ,
             was
             wasted
             in
             the
             nourishment
             of
             the
             Plant
             ;
             yet
             't
             is
             plain
             ,
             that
             the
             main
             Body
             of
             it
             consisted
             of
             trasmuted
             Water
             .
             This
             Experiment
             may
             be
             try'd
             with
             the
             Seeds
             of
             any
             Plant
             that
             is
             bulky
             and
             grows
             hastily
             .
             Likewise
             
               A
               top
               of
               Spearmint
            
             of
             an
             inch
             long
             ,
             being
             put
             into
             a
             vial
             full
             of
             Spring-water
             with
             its
             lower
             part
             immers'd
             ,
             did
             in
             a
             few
             days
             shoot
             forth
             numerous
             Roots
             into
             the
             Water
             ,
             (
             as
             if
             it
             had
             been
             Earth
             ,
             )
             and
             display
             it self
             upwards
             into
             many
             Leaves
             ,
             with
             a
             pretty
             thick
             stalk
             .
             The
             same
             Experiment
             has
             also
             succeeded
             with
             Marjoram
             (
             tho'
             more
             slowly
             )
             Balm
             ,
             and
             Peniroyal
             ,
             to
             name
             no
             more
             .
             One
             of
             these
             Vegetables
             cherish'd
             only
             by
             Spring-water
             ,
             and
             that
             never
             renew'd
             ,
             afforded
             by
             distillation
             (
             besides
             Phlegm
             )
             an
             Empyreumatical
             Spirit
             ,
             an
             adust
             Oyl
             ,
             and
             a
             
               Caput
               
               mortuum
            
             ,
             that
             appearing
             to
             be
             a
             Coal
             ,
             consisted
             no
             doubt
             of
             Salt
             and
             Earth
             .
             And
             if
             Helmont
             had
             distill'd
             the
             foremention'd
             Tree
             ,
             no
             doubt
             it
             would
             have
             afforded
             him
             the
             like
             distinct
             Substances
             as
             another
             of
             the
             same
             kind
             .
             But
             a
             more
             considerable
             Instance
             (
             to
             prove
             that
             all
             sorts
             of
             Bodies
             are
             nothing
             else
             but
             Water
             subdu'd
             by
             Seeds
             )
             than
             any
             yet
             mention'd
             ,
             is
             afforded
             us
             by
             
               Mr.
               de
               Rochas
            
             ,
             who
             tells
             us
             ,
             that
             he
             took
             simple
             Water
             ,
             that
             he
             well
             knew
             to
             be
             mix'd
             with
             no
             other
             thing
             but
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Life
             ,
             and
             having
             with
             a
             heat
             Artificial
             ,
             Continual
             ,
             and
             Proportionate
             ,
             prepar'd
             it
             by
             the
             Graduations
             of
             Coagulation
             ,
             Congelation
             ,
             and
             Fixation
             ,
             which
             he
             had
             spoken
             of
             before
             ,
             untill
             it
             was
             
               turn'd
               into
               Earth
            
             ;
             this
             Earth
             
               produc'd
               Animals
            
             that
             mov'd
             of
             themselves
             ,
             
               Vegetables
               and
               Minerals
            
             .
             The
             Animals
             he
             found
             ,
             by
             a
             Chymical
             Anatomy
             he
             made
             of
             them
             ,
             to
             be
             compos'd
             of
             much
             Sulphur
             ,
             little
             Mercury
             ,
             and
             less
             Salt
             ;
             and
             the
             Minerals
             (
             which
             were
             solid
             and
             heavy
             ,
             and
             began
             to
             grow
             ,
             by
             converting
             into
             their
             own
             Nature
             one
             part
             of
             the
             Earth
             thereunto
             dispos'd
             )
             of
             much
             Salt
             ,
             little
             Sulphur
             ,
             and
             less
             Mercury
             .
             And
             tho
             the
             judicious
             
               Mr.
               Boyle
            
             has
             some
             suspitions
             of
             this
             strange
             Relation
             ,
             yet
             as
             to
             the
             Generation
             
             of
             Animals
             and
             Plants
             ,
             he
             thinks
             it
             not
             incredible
             ,
             since
             
               common
               Water
            
             (
             which
             is
             indeed
             often
             impregnated
             with
             variety
             of
             Seminal
             Principles
             and
             Rudiments
             )
             long
             kept
             will
             putrify
             and
             stink
             ,
             and
             then
             perhaps
             too
             produce
             Moss
             and
             little
             Worms
             ,
             or
             other
             Insects
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             Nature
             of
             the
             Seeds
             that
             were
             lurking
             in
             it
             .
             And
             tho'
             the
             Distillation
             of
             Eels
             yielded
             him
             some
             Oyl
             ,
             Spirit
             ,
             Volatile
             Salt
             ,
             and
             
               Caput
               mortuum
            
             ,
             yet
             were
             all
             these
             so
             disproportionate
             to
             the
             Phlegm
             (
             in
             which
             at
             first
             they
             boyl'd
             as
             in
             a
             pot
             of
             Water
             )
             that
             they
             seem'd
             to
             have
             been
             nothing
             but
             Coagulated
             Phlegm
             ;
             which
             does
             likewise
             strangely
             abound
             in
             Vipers
             ,
             as
             hot
             in
             their
             operation
             and
             as
             vivacious
             as
             they
             are
             .
          
           
             And
             
               seven
               ounces
               and
               a
               half
               of
               Human
               Blood
               yielded
               near
               six
               ounces
               of
               Phlegm
               ,
            
             before
             any
             of
             the
             Spirits
             began
             to
             arise
             ,
             and
             require
             the
             Receiver
             to
             be
             chang'd
             .
             
               Corrosive
               Acid
               Spirits
            
             ,
             tho
             they
             seem
             to
             be
             nothing
             but
             Fluid
             Salts
             ,
             yet
             you
             'l
             find
             them
             to
             
               abound
               with
               Water
            
             ,
             if
             either
             you
             entangle
             ,
             and
             so
             
               six
               their
               Saline
               part
            
             by
             making
             them
             corrode
             some
             idoneous
             Body
             ,
             or
             
               mortify
               it
            
             with
             a
             contrary
             Salt.
             Thus
             in
             making
             of
             
               Balsamus
               Samech
            
             with
             
             
               distill'd
               Vinegar
            
             instead
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             ,
             the
             
               Salt
               of
               Tartar
            
             from
             which
             it
             is
             distilld
             ,
             will
             ,
             by
             mortifying
             and
             retaining
             the
             Acid
             Salt
             ,
             turn
             near
             twenty
             times
             its
             weight
             of
             the
             Vinegar
             into
             worthless
             Phlegm
             ,
             before
             it
             be
             satiated
             .
             And
             in
             making
             the
             
               true
               Balsamus
               Samech
            
             (
             which
             is
             nothing
             but
             
               Salt
               of
               Tartar
               dulcifi'd
               ,
               by
            
             distilling
             from
             it
             
               Spirit
               of
               Wine
            
             till
             it
             be
             glutted
             with
             the
             
               Vinous
               Sulphur
            
             ,
             )
             as
             soon
             as
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             is
             depriv'd
             of
             its
             Sulphur
             by
             the
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             ,
             the
             rest
             (
             which
             is
             incomparably
             the
             greater
             part
             )
             remigrates
             into
             Phlegm
             :
             so
             that
             if
             Helmonts
             process
             be
             true
             (
             which
             was
             confirmed
             to
             
               Mr.
               Boyle
            
             by
             a
             sober
             and
             skilfull
             Spagyrist
             ,
             who
             did
             indeed
             prepare
             the
             Spirit
             and
             Salt
             by
             a
             way
             that
             is
             neither
             short
             nor
             easie
             ,
             but
             added
             nothing
             to
             them
             )
             
               Spirit
               of
               Wine
               seems
               to
               be
               Materially
               nothing
               but
               Water
               under
               a
               Sulphureous
               disguise
               ,
            
             tho'
             being
             so
             igneous
             that
             it
             will
             totally
             flame
             away
             ,
             't
             is
             of
             all
             Liquors
             the
             most
             likely
             to
             be
             free
             from
             Water
             .
             But
             
             Helmont's
             grand
             Argument
             for
             his
             Hypothesis
             ,
             is
             taken
             from
             the
             operation
             of
             the
             Alcahest
             ;
             which
             ,
             he
             says
             ,
             does
             adequately
             resolve
             Plants
             ,
             Animals
             ,
             and
             Minerals
             into
             one
             Liquor
             or
             more
             ,
             according
             to
             their
             several
             internal
             Disparaties
             
             of
             Parts
             ,
             (
             without
             
               Caput
               mortuum
            
             or
             the
             destruction
             of
             their
             seminal
             vertues
             ;
             )
             and
             that
             the
             Alcahest
             being
             abstracted
             from
             these
             Liquors
             in
             the
             same
             weight
             and
             vertue
             wherewith
             it
             dissolv'd
             them
             ,
             they
             may
             by
             frequent
             Cohobations
             from
             Chalk
             or
             some
             other
             fit
             substance
             ,
             be
             totally
             depriv'd
             of
             their
             seminal
             Endowments
             ,
             and
             by
             that
             means
             reduc'd
             to
             Insipid
             Water
             .
             Here
             
               Mr.
               Boyle
            
             judiciously
             observes
             ,
             that
             it
             may
             be
             doubted
             whether
             this
             Water
             ,
             because
             insipid
             ,
             must
             be
             Elementary
             ;
             since
             the
             candid
             
               P.
               Laurembergius
            
             affirms
             that
             he
             saw
             an
             insipid
             Menstruum
             ,
             that
             was
             a
             powerfull
             Dissolvent
             :
             and
             the
             Water
             which
             may
             be
             drawn
             from
             Quicksilver
             without
             addition
             ,
             tho'
             almost
             tastless
             ,
             will
             manifest
             a
             very
             differing
             nature
             from
             simple
             Water
             ,
             if
             you
             digest
             in
             it
             appropriated
             Minerals
             .
             However
             the
             forementiond
             Experiments
             concerning
             the
             growth
             of
             Vegetables
             ,
             do
             sufficiently
             prove
             that
             Salt
             ,
             Spirit
             ,
             Earth
             ,
             and
             Oyl
             (
             which
             are
             four
             of
             the
             pretended
             Chymical
             Principles
             )
             may
             be
             produc'd
             out
             of
             simple
             Water
             .
             But
             to
             return
             to
             our
             Author
             .
             ]
          
           
             Having
             prov'd
             ,
             That
             
               Water
               is
               the
               only
               Material
               Principle
               of
               Bodies
               usually
               calld
               Mixt
               ,
            
             by
             three
             Arguments
             .
             1.
             
             Because
             
             none
             of
             the
             other
             pretended
             
               Chymical
               Principles
            
             have
             a
             right
             to
             that
             
               Title
               ;
               some
            
             of
             them
             not
             being
             naturally
             pre-existent
             in
             the
             Bodies
             from
             which
             they
             are
             obtain'd
             ;
             and
             all
             of
             them
             being
             reducible
             to
             Elementary
             Water
             .
             2.
             
             Because
             Water
             is
             the
             only
             Nourishment
             of
             all
             
               Animals
               ,
               Plants
            
             ,
             and
             Minerals
             ;
             and
             by
             consequence
             the
             only
             Matter
             of
             which
             they
             consist
             .
             Because
             all
             
               Animals
               ,
               Plants
            
             ,
             and
             Minerals
             are
             by
             a
             true
             Analysis
             ultimately
             
               reducible
               to
            
             simple
             insipid
             Water
             .
             Having
             evinc'd
             this
             ,
             I
             say
             ,
             by
             these
             three
             newly
             mention'd
             Arguments
             ;
             and
             
               Fire
               being
            
             the
             only
             Sublunary
             Body
             (
             besides
             Air
             ,
             of
             which
             heareafter
             )
             that
             these
             Arguments
             ,
             as
             hitherto
             prosecuted
             ,
             can
             with
             any
             colour
             of
             reason
             be
             pretended
             not
             to
             reach
             ;
             and
             being
             likewise
             by
             many
             enumerated
             amongst
             the
             Principles
             of
             Natural
             Bodies
             ;
             the
             next
             Proposition
             shall
             be
             ,
             that
          
        
         
           
           
             Prop.
             XVI
             .
          
           
             Fire
             is
             nothing
             but
             an
             Acid
             Volatile
             Sulphur
             very
             swiftly
             mov'd
             .
          
           
             FOR
             there
             is
             a
             certain
             Sulphur
             in
             every
             Inflamable
             Body
             ,
             which
             takes
             fire
             as
             soon
             as
             't
             is
             put
             into
             a
             rapid
             motion
             ,
             whatsoever
             the
             Cause
             be
             that
             excites
             it
             to
             that
             motion
             .
             This
             appears
             in
             the
             striking
             of
             fire
             by
             the
             collision
             of
             two
             Flints
             ;
             in
             the
             firing
             of
             the
             Axel-tree
             of
             a
             Mill
             or
             Coach
             ,
             that
             sometimes
             happens
             upon
             a
             long
             continued
             and
             vehement
             attrition
             ;
             and
             in
             many
             other
             such
             obvious
             Instances
             .
             
               Oyl
               of
               Vitriol
            
             contains
             a
             great
             many
             Acid
             Sulphureous
             Particles
             ,
             proceeding
             as
             well
             from
             the
             Embryonated
             Acid
             ,
             that
             Corroded
             the
             Iron
             or
             Copper
             Oar
             in
             the
             Bowels
             of
             the
             Earth
             ,
             as
             from
             the
             Iron
             or
             Copper
             it self
             :
             these
             Particles
             ,
             being
             excited
             to
             motion
             by
             the
             affusion
             of
             Oyl
             of
             Tartar
             (
             or
             even
             genuine
             Spirit
             of
             Tartar
             )
             produce
             a
             notable
             heat
             and
             Effervescency
             .
             The
             Sulphur
             of
             Quick-lime
             (
             whether
             it
             be
             innate
             ,
             or
             adventitious
             from
             the
             fire
             )
             conceives
             a
             vehement
             Heat
             ,
             as
             soon
             as
             't
             is
             excited
             to
             motion
             ,
             by
             the
             Alcaline
             Lixivial
             Particles
             set
             at
             liberty
             by
             the
             affusion
             of
             Water
             .
             Finally
             (
             to
             add
             no
             
             more
             )
             
               Butter
               of
               Antimony
            
             consists
             chiefly
             of
             the
             
               Sulphureous
               Particles
            
             of
             the
             Antimony
             ,
             and
             the
             Salino-Acid
             ones
             of
             the
             
               Mercury
               Sublimate
            
             :
             the
             latter
             being
             wash'd
             off
             with
             Water
             ,
             the
             former
             do
             more
             manifestly
             appear
             ,
             (
             namely
             in
             
               Mercurius
               vitae
            
             ,
             which
             causes
             Vomiting
             without
             any
             danger
             of
             Corroding
             the
             Bowels
             :
             )
             and
             both
             of
             them
             being
             vehemently
             mov'd
             by
             the
             affusion
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Nitre
             ,
             there
             is
             an
             intense
             heat
             produc'd
             .
          
           
             So
             that
             
               the
               Formal
               nature
               of
               Fire
               or
               Heat
               consists
               in
               Motion
               .
            
             Now
             that
             
               the
               Sulphureous
               Particles
               of
               which
               Fire
               is
               materially
               constituted
               ,
               are
               of
               an
               Acid
               nature
               ,
            
             will
             abundantly
             appear
             from
             the
             ensuing
             Considerations
             .
          
           
             I.
             The
             particles
             of
             the
             
               Flame
               of
               common
               Sulphur
            
             ,
             being
             receiv'd
             and
             Condens'd
             in
             a
             Glass
             Bell
             ,
             do
             compose
             a
             very
             piercing
             
               Acid
               Liquor
            
             .
          
           
             II.
             There
             are
             not
             any
             Bodies
             more
             akin
             to
             Fire
             ,
             than
             the
             totally
             inflamable
             Spirits
             of
             fermented
             Vegetables
             .
             And
             yet
             
               all
               the
               Principal
               Effects
               of
               these
               Fermented
               Spirits
               ,
               depend
               upon
               a
               Volatile
               Acid.
            
             For
             'T
             is
             upon
             the
             account
             of
             its
             Acid
             Salt
             ,
             that
             
               Spirit
               of
               Wine
            
             is
             Coagulated
             in
             Spirit
             of
             Urine
             or
             Salarmoniac
             ,
             or
             
               in
               any
            
             other
             
             
               Volatile
               Alcali
            
             ,
             as
             also
             ,
             that
             it
             loses
             its
             strength
             by
             distillation
             from
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             ,
             which
             imbibes
             and
             retains
             the
             Acid
             ,
             and
             receives
             an
             increase
             of
             weight
             thereby
             .
             And
             Generous
             Wine
             ,
             that
             is
             turgent
             with
             this
             Spirit
             ,
             being
             drunk
             moderately
             ,
             sends
             a
             Volatile
             Acid
             to
             the
             Brain
             ,
             that
             makes
             a
             subtile
             effervescence
             with
             the
             (
             Alcaline
             )
             Animal
             Spirits
             ,
             and
             thereby
             produces
             Cheerfulness
             and
             a
             Vigorous
             Promptitude
             to
             Action
             ;
             (
             as
             on
             the
             contrary
             ,
             the
             Sadness
             of
             Melancholy
             persons
             proceeds
             from
             the
             Fixation
             of
             the
             Animal
             Spirits
             by
             a
             more
             Fixt
             Acid.
             )
             But
             upon
             excessive
             Drinking
             ,
             that
             
               Volatile
               Acid
            
             ascends
             too
             copiously
             to
             the
             Brain
             ,
             conquers
             and
             fixes
             the
             Animal
             Spirits
             ,
             and
             so
             stupefies
             the
             Organs
             of
             Sense
             and
             Motion
             :
             yea
             sometimes
             it
             may
             Suppress
             the
             Vital
             Acid
             (
             or
             Innate
             Heat
             )
             of
             the
             Blood
             ,
             and
             at
             length
             totally
             Coagulate
             it
             ;
             especially
             if
             the
             Wine
             be
             endow'd
             with
             a
             strong
             Acid
             ,
             as
             the
             French
             ,
             and
             chiefly
             the
             Hungarian
             Wines
             are
             wont
             to
             be
             .
             And
             indeed
             ,
             that
             
               the
               Inebriating
               vertue
               of
               Wine
            
             (
             and
             all
             other
             strong
             Drinks
             )
             
               is
               entirely
               owing
               to
               a
               Volatile
               Acid
               ,
            
             may
             be
             prov'd
             by
             many
             Arguments
             .
             1.
             
             Hence
             't
             is
             ,
             that
             
               Volatile
               Alcaline
               Salts
               do
               prevent
               Drunkenness
               ,
            
             especially
             Spirit
             of
             Salt-Armoniack
             ,
             
             if
             some
             drops
             of
             it
             be
             now
             and
             then
             mingled
             with
             the
             Drink
             .
             2.
             
             
               Bitter
               Almonds
               and
               other
               Oleous
               things
               ,
            
             do
             likewise
             prevent
             Drunkenness
             ,
             by
             weakning
             and
             
               suppressing
               the
               vaporous
               Acid
            
             of
             the
             Wine
             ,
             so
             that
             it
             cannot
             reach
             the
             Brain
             .
             3.
             
             The
             same
             Acid
             inflames
             Drunkards
             Faces
             ,
             and
             adorns
             them
             with
             purulent
             Pimples
             ,
             like
             so
             many
             Gems
             .
             For
             the
             whitish
             colour'd
             Matter
             ,
             contain'd
             in
             these
             Pimples
             ,
             proceeds
             only
             from
             the
             Volatile
             Acid
             of
             the
             Wine
             that
             infects
             the
             ferment
             of
             the
             Muscles
             of
             the
             Face
             ,
             coagulates
             and
             precipitates
             the
             Blood
             that
             comes
             thither
             for
             Nutrition
             ,
             and
             so
             changes
             its
             Purple
             Colour
             into
             a
             whitish
             one
             .
             For
             proof
             of
             this
             Assertion
             ,
             't
             is
             to
             be
             noted
             ,
             that
             the
             Purple
             Colour
             of
             the
             Blood
             proceeds
             from
             the
             resolution
             of
             the
             Sulphurous
             Acid
             Parts
             by
             the
             ferment
             of
             the
             Heart
             ,
             which
             sets
             them
             at
             liberty
             ,
             so
             as
             that
             they
             may
             mix
             
               per
               minima
            
             ,
             and
             make
             a
             subtile
             effervescence
             with
             the
             Alcaline
             Spirits
             :
             as
             when
             Spirit
             of
             Salt-Armoniack
             or
             of
             Harts-horn
             ,
             or
             any
             other
             that
             is
             Alcalical
             ,
             is
             digested
             with
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             ,
             they
             produce
             together
             a
             very
             red
             Tincture
             ,
             because
             the
             Acid
             Sulphur
             of
             the
             Wine
             ,
             being
             by
             Digestion
             intimately
             mix'd
             ,
             and
             making
             a
             subtile
             effervesence
             with
             the
             subtil
             Alcaly
             ,
             
             
             is
             at
             length
             so
             resolv'd
             as
             to
             manifest
             it self
             by
             tinging
             the
             whole
             Liquor
             :
             after
             the
             same
             manner
             ,
             in
             the
             Tincture
             of
             the
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             ,
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             is
             ting'd
             by
             the
             Volatilis'd
             Alcaly
             of
             Tartar
             :
             and
             common
             Sulphur
             boyl'd
             in
             the
             Lixivium
             of
             any
             Fixt
             Salt
             ,
             is
             thereby
             exalted
             to
             a
             Red
             Colour
             ;
             but
             because
             the
             Alcaline
             Salt
             is
             so
             ty'd
             to
             the
             Terrestrial
             Particles
             ,
             that
             it
             cannot
             penetrate
             the
             Sulphur
             
               per
               minima
            
             ,
             therefore
             the
             Colour
             is
             obscure
             and
             dark
             .
             Now
             ,
             if
             you
             pour
             another
             Acid
             Liquor
             upon
             these
             Sanguine
             Tinctures
             ,
             immediately
             they
             become
             of
             a
             Milk-white
             Colour
             .
             Just
             so
             it
             happens
             ,
             when
             the
             Blood
             is
             extravasated
             ,
             and
             putrefi'd
             in
             any
             Part
             of
             the
             Body
             ,
             the
             Acidity
             ,
             that
             arises
             from
             this
             Putrefaction
             ,
             Precipitates
             the
             Sulphur
             that
             ting'd
             the
             Blood
             ,
             and
             thereby
             turns
             it
             into
             white
             stinking
             Pus
             ;
             even
             as
             common
             Sulphur
             ,
             when
             it
             is
             Precipitated
             out
             of
             any
             Lixivium
             by
             the
             affusion
             of
             Vinegar
             ,
             strikes
             the
             Nose
             with
             an
             ungratefull
             Odour
             ,
             tho
             it
             was
             utterly
             inodorous
             before
             :
             so
             that
             Pus
             is
             nothing
             but
             Blood
             ,
             whose
             vital
             Alcaline
             Balsamical
             Spirits
             are
             suppres'd
             by
             an
             hostile
             Acid
             ,
             and
             the
             tinging
             Sulphureous
             Particles
             Precipitated
             in
             Wounds
             &
             Abscesses
             ,
             while
             the
             Pus
             is
             a
             making
             ,
             the
             motion
             of
             
             the
             Acid
             Particles
             do
             often
             produce
             a
             Symptomical
             Feaver
             ,
             an
             Inflammation
             in
             the
             Part
             affected
             ,
             Convulsive
             Motions
             in
             the
             Brain
             ,
             and
             Pains
             in
             the
             Nervous
             Parts
             :
             but
             these
             Symptoms
             abate
             as
             soon
             as
             the
             Pus
             is
             made
             ,
             and
             the
             motion
             of
             the
             Particles
             ceas'd
             .
             4.
             
             Amongst
             the
             External
             Medicins
             ,
             that
             are
             wont
             to
             be
             apply'd
             to
             the
             foremention'd
             Pimples
             in
             the
             Face
             ,
             the
             
               Preparations
               of
               Saturn
            
             are
             the
             chief
             ;
             because
             they
             imbibe
             the
             Acid
             of
             the
             Wine
             ,
             or
             other
             Inebriating
             Liquor
             ,
             that
             inflames
             the
             Face
             .
             For
             
               Saturn
               readily
               receives
               all
               sorts
               of
               Acids
               or
               Sulphurs
               ,
            
             even
             those
             of
             Metals
             ,
             as
             is
             well
             known
             to
             the
             Refiners
             .
             Thus
             the
             unripe
             
               Sulphurs
               of
               Metals
            
             ,
             Coagulated
             in
             Saturn
             ,
             do
             compose
             
               Litharge
               .
               Vinegar
            
             ,
             Coagulated
             in
             Saturn
             ,
             produces
             
               Sugar
               of
               Lead
            
             .
             And
             all
             Acids
             in
             general
             ,
             
               Coagulated
               in
               Saturn
               ,
               Mars
               ,
               or
               any
               other
               Body
            
             whatsoever
             ,
             are
             wont
             to
             be
             dulcifi'd
             thereby
             .
             For
             all
             
               Sugars
               are
               nothing
               but
               Acid
               Salts
               Coagulated
               in
               other
               Particles
            
             :
             whence
             't
             is
             ,
             that
             they
             are
             resolv'd
             by
             Distillation
             into
             a
             very
             Ardent
             and
             powerfully
             
               Inebriating
               Spirit
            
             ;
             and
             are
             extream
             sit
             to
             promote
             or
             even
             begin
             Fermentations
             :
             and
             therefore
             't
             is
             ,
             that
             the
             Syrups
             of
             the
             shops
             have
             a
             manifestly
             Acid
             Tast
             ;
             and
             Sugar
             is
             very
             hurtful
             to
             Scorbutical
             persons
             ,
             
             because
             upon
             the
             account
             of
             its
             Acidity
             it
             excites
             divers
             vitious
             Effervescencies
             ,
             produces
             Tumors
             of
             the
             Bowels
             &c.
             
             And
             vitiates
             the
             Vital
             Ferment
             of
             the
             Stomach
             .
          
           
             III.
             That
             the
             Particles
             of
             Fire
             are
             of
             an
             Acid
             Nature
             ,
             may
             evidently
             appear
             from
             all
             other
             
               Inflameable
               Substances
            
             ,
             especially
             those
             that
             are
             Oyly
             and
             Fat
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             from
             common
             Sulphur
             and
             
               Spirit
               of
               Wine
            
             .
          
           
             For
             in
             the
             first
             place
             ,
             't
             is
             certain
             ,
             that
             Oleous
             and
             
               Fat
               Bodies
            
             are
             really
             
               endow'd
               with
               an
               Acid
            
             ;
             as
             appears
             from
             the
             following
             Reasons
             .
             1.
             
             Chirurgions
             observe
             ,
             that
             Oyls
             ,
             and
             fat
             Substances
             ,
             are
             very
             noxious
             to
             the
             Bones
             ,
             (
             especially
             the
             Skull
             ,
             which
             is
             a
             Porous
             Bone
             )
             and
             particularly
             ,
             that
             they
             are
             apt
             to
             make
             them
             Carious
             ;
             which
             must
             happen
             upon
             the
             account
             of
             their
             Corroding
             Acid.
             And
             for
             the
             same
             reason
             ,
             they
             render
             
               Vlcers
               sordid
            
             ,
             by
             increasing
             the
             Corroding
             Acid.
             2.
             
             What
             else
             is
             that
             Greenness
             ,
             that
             adheres
             to
             Lamps
             ,
             but
             the
             Acid
             of
             the
             Oyl-Olive
             Coagulated
             in
             the
             Particles
             of
             the
             Metal
             ,
             that
             it
             has
             Corroded
             ?
             whence
             comes
             the
             Blew
             Colour
             of
             
               Oyl
               of
               Camomil
            
             distill'd
             in
             Copper
             Vessels
             ,
             but
             from
             some
             Particles
             of
             the
             Veins
             Corroded
             by
             
             the
             Acidity
             of
             the
             Oyle
             ?
             3.
             
             The
             Heart-burn
             (
             
               Ardor
               Ventriculi
            
             )
             is
             often
             occasion'd
             by
             Fat
             things
             ,
             (
             especially
             if
             you
             drink
             after
             them
             ,
             because
             the
             Acid
             Salts
             are
             thereby
             dissolv'd
             and
             put
             into
             a
             swifter
             motion
             )
             as
             well
             as
             by
             austere
             and
             sourish
             Wines
             :
             and
             the
             Remedy
             ,
             in
             both
             Cases
             ,
             is
             ,
             to
             use
             things
             fitted
             to
             Precipitate
             the
             Acid.
             4.
             
             Oleous
             and
             Fat
             things
             are
             hurtful
             in
             Erysipelatous
             Distempers
             ,
             (
             which
             proceed
             from
             the
             Coagulation
             of
             the
             Blood
             by
             an
             Acid
             ,
             )
             because
             they
             increase
             the
             Peccant
             Acidity
             ,
             whence
             the
             Putrefaction
             is
             increas'd
             ,
             the
             Bones
             are
             corroded
             ,
             and
             the
             Natural
             Heat
             of
             the
             Part
             is
             at
             last
             totally
             suppress'd
             ,
             and
             mortify'd
             .
             (
             Yet
             the
             Author
             denyes
             not
             ,
             but
             these
             Effects
             do
             also
             partly
             depend
             upon
             the
             Obstruction
             of
             the
             Pores
             of
             the
             Part
             ,
             by
             the
             foresaid
             Fat
             substances
             ,
             so
             that
             the
             Effluvia
             ,
             wont
             to
             transpire
             through
             the
             Pores
             ,
             being
             detain'd
             in
             the
             Body
             ,
             and
             inordinately
             mov'd
             ,
             do
             increase
             the
             Feaver
             .
             )
             5.
             
             'T
             is
             likewise
             upon
             the
             account
             of
             their
             Acidity
             ,
             that
             Oyls
             are
             hurtful
             to
             all
             Inflammations
             ,
             without
             such
             a
             Preparation
             as
             consumes
             or
             corrects
             their
             Acid.
             Thus
             
               Lin-seed
               Oyle
            
             mingl'd
             with
             an
             equal
             weight
             of
             
               Spirit
               of
               Wine
            
             ,
             and
             boyl'd
             (
             with
             continual
             stirring
             )
             till
             the
             Spirit
             
             be
             consum'd
             ,
             is
             us'd
             safely
             and
             successfully
             ,
             both
             inwardly
             and
             outwardly
             ,
             in
             
               Pleurisies
               ,
               Peripneumonies
               ,
               Inflammations
               of
               the
               Liver
            
             &c.
             because
             the
             Coagulating
             Acid
             is
             readily
             imbib'd
             by
             this
             Oyl
             ,
             that
             has
             been
             depriv'd
             of
             its
             own
             Acid
             by
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             ,
             which
             ,
             being
             a
             much
             more
             Volatile
             Oleous
             Body
             than
             the
             
               Oyle
               of
               Lin-seed
            
             ,
             evaporates
             before
             it
             ,
             and
             carryes
             its
             Acid
             along
             with
             it
             ;
             even
             as
             the
             same
             Spirit
             ,
             being
             mingl'd
             with
             
               Aqua
               fortis
            
             and
             distill'd
             in
             a
             Cucurbit
             ,
             ascends
             before
             it
             ,
             and
             carrys
             a
             great
             part
             of
             its
             Acidity
             along
             with
             it
             ,
             insomuch
             that
             the
             remaining
             
               Aqua
               fortis
            
             becomes
             a
             very
             safe
             Internal
             Medicine
             ,
             tho'
             before
             ,
             the
             smell
             of
             it
             only
             would
             cause
             an
             Atrophia
             in
             the
             whole
             Body
             .
             The
             same
             Oyl
             of
             Lin-seed
             is
             also
             Corrected
             ,
             by
             frequently
             extinguishing
             red
             hot
             Steel
             in
             it
             ,
             till
             it
             appear
             by
             the
             ceasing
             of
             the
             hissing
             &
             smoke
             ,
             that
             the
             Acid
             Particles
             are
             either
             Evaporated
             in
             smoke
             and
             spent
             by
             Deflagration
             ,
             or
             Coagulated
             in
             the
             Mars
             .
             And
             if
             after
             this
             it
             be
             Distill'd
             from
             Quick-lime
             ,
             that
             if
             any
             Acidity
             yet
             remains
             ,
             it
             may
             be
             therein
             Coagulated
             ,
             the
             
               Oyl
               of
               Lin-seed
               becomes
               an
               excellent
               Remedy
            
             for
             Inflammations
             ,
             Burns
             and
             the
             like
             :
             as
             Oyl-Olive
             also
             does
             ,
             by
             Distillation
             from
             Quick-lime
             .
             
             And
             this
             last
             nam'd
             Oyl
             ,
             being
             imbib'd
             in
             old
             Tyles
             or
             Bricks
             (
             which
             are
             depriv'd
             of
             all
             moisture
             by
             their
             having
             been
             long
             expos'd
             to
             the
             heat
             of
             the
             Sun
             )
             heated
             red
             hot
             ,
             and
             quench'd
             in
             it
             ,
             and
             then
             distill'd
             in
             a
             Retort
             ,
             is
             thereby
             robb'd
             of
             all
             its
             Acidity
             ,
             and
             acquires
             a
             singular
             Vertue
             in
             the
             
               Palsey
               ,
               Gout
               ,
               Cramp
            
             &c.
             
             And
             all
             Oyls
             are
             wholsomer
             boyl'd
             than
             crude
             ,
             because
             a
             great
             part
             of
             the
             Acid
             is
             exhal'd
             in
             the
             boyling
             .
             6.
             
             Helmont
             teaches
             that
             Distill'd
             
               Chymical
               Oyls
            
             ,
             which
             are
             otherwise
             very
             hot
             ,
             may
             by
             an
             artificial
             Circulation
             for
             three
             Months
             time
             with
             an
             Alcali
             Salt
             be
             turn'd
             into
             a
             very
             
               temperate
               Volatile
               Salt
            
             :
             namely
             because
             the
             hot
             Acid
             of
             the
             Oyl
             is
             Saturated
             by
             the
             Alcali
             ,
             and
             by
             that
             means
             reduc'd
             temperate
             .
             Nor
             can
             there
             be
             any
             other
             Reason
             given
             ,
             why
             the
             Alcaly
             should
             have
             this
             effect
             upon
             the
             Oyl
             ,
             but
             that
             the
             Acid
             of
             the
             Oyl
             corrodes
             the
             Alcaly
             and
             is
             Coagulated
             in
             it
             .
          
           
             Now
             in
             the
             next
             place
             ,
             That
             
               the
               Heat
               and
               Inflammability
               of
               Oyly
               Substances
               depend
               upon
               the
               Acid
               ,
            
             that
             the
             Experiments
             ,
             newly
             deliver'd
             ,
             prove
             to
             be
             contain'd
             in
             them
             ,
             may
             be
             evinc'd
             from
             those
             same
             Experiments
             ;
             most
             of
             which
             do
             not
             only
             prove
             ,
             that
             
               Oleous
               and
               Fat
               Bodies
            
             are
             endow'd
             
             with
             an
             Acid
             ,
             but
             likewise
             ,
             that
             the
             effects
             usually
             ascrib'd
             to
             the
             hot
             Quality
             of
             these
             Bodies
             ,
             do
             indeed
             depend
             upon
             this
             Acid
             ;
             and
             that
             whatsoever
             mitigates
             or
             destroys
             this
             Acid
             ,
             does
             at
             the
             same
             time
             weaken
             or
             destroy
             their
             
               Heating
               Power
            
             .
             And
             2.
             that
             this
             may
             also
             be
             truly
             apply'd
             to
             their
             Inflammability
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             
               Acid
               Particles
            
             contain'd
             in
             
               Oyly
               and
               Fat
               Substances
            
             are
             really
             the
             Matter
             of
             which
             the
             Flame
             of
             these
             Substances
             (
             when
             they
             are
             burning
             )
             consists
             ,
             does
             plainly
             appear
             by
             the
             Abstraction
             of
             Oyls
             from
             
               Spirit
               of
               Wine
               ,
               Quick-lime
            
             ,
             or
             Bricks
             ;
             for
             ,
             being
             by
             this
             means
             depriv'd
             of
             their
             Acid
             ,
             they
             become
             less
             Inflammable
             than
             the
             crude
             Oyles
             were
             .
             And
             Candles
             made
             of
             Sheeps
             Tallow
             ,
             burn
             sooner
             away
             than
             those
             made
             of
             any
             other
             Tallow
             ,
             because
             there
             is
             greater
             store
             of
             
               Acid
               Particles
            
             in
             it
             ;
             as
             appears
             by
             the
             
               Griping
               of
               the
               Guts
            
             ,
             which
             cannot
             happen
             without
             a
             
               Corroding
               Acid
            
             ,
             (
             for
             all
             the
             Medicines
             ,
             effectual
             against
             this
             Distemper
             testify
             that
             to
             be
             the
             Cause
             of
             it
             )
             and
             which
             is
             very
             often
             occasion'd
             by
             eating
             
               Fat
               Mutton
            
             ,
             especially
             if
             the
             Acid
             Salts
             be
             dissolv'd
             by
             drinking
             after
             it
             ,
             in
             like
             manner
             as
             when
             Salt
             Butter
             is
             sweetned
             by
             melting
             it
             ,
             and
             pouring
             it
             into
             water
             ,
             
             and
             thereby
             dissolving
             the
             Salt.
             Likewise
             
               recent
               Fat
            
             ,
             or
             Oyl
             burns
             sooner
             away
             ,
             than
             that
             which
             has
             been
             
               long
               kept
            
             ,
             and
             thereby
             lost
             much
             of
             its
             Volatile
             Acid.
             N.B.
             Since
             Tallow
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             every
             other
             Body
             ,
             is
             materially
             nothing
             else
             but
             water
             Coagulated
             by
             a
             seminal
             Acid
             ,
             and
             since
             't
             is
             only
             the
             
               Acid
               Particles
            
             that
             feed
             the
             Flame
             ;
             it
             follows
             ,
             that
             when
             they
             are
             consum'd
             ,
             he
             remainder
             ,
             being
             robb'd
             of
             ,
             the
             Coagulating
             ,
             Acid
             must
             return
             into
             Elementary
             Water
             ,
             and
             therefore
             't
             is
             insensibly
             dissipated
             like
             a
             Vapour
             :
             even
             as
             the
             water
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             kindled
             vanishes
             into
             a
             Vapour
             .
          
           
             IV.
             The
             Particles
             of
             Fire
             being
             fix'd
             or
             Coagulated
             in
             any
             Body
             whatsoever
             ,
             do
             plainly
             manifest
             themselves
             to
             be
             Acid
             ,
             as
             appears
             from
             the
             following
             Instances
             .
             1.
             
             
               Fire
               Coagulated
               in
               Mars
            
             ,
             turns
             it
             into
             a
             Crocus
             ,
             that
             differs
             nothing
             from
             Rust
             ,
             (
             which
             proceeds
             always
             from
             an
             Acid
             )
             and
             is
             every
             way
             like
             to
             that
             Crocus
             which
             is
             prepar'd
             with
             Acids
             ,
             and
             endow'd
             with
             the
             same
             Medicinal
             Vertues
             .
             
               V.
               Tachen
               .
               Hipp.
               Chym.
               cap.
            
             28.
             2.
             
             Fire
             Coagulated
             in
             
               Saturn
               is
               separated
            
             by
             means
             of
             a
             Fixt
             Alcaly
             ,
             or
             even
             of
             
               Venetian
               Borax
            
             ;
             for
             Minium
             (
             which
             receiv'd
             its
             red
             Colour
             from
             the
             
               Sulphur
               of
               the
               Coals
            
             ,
             even
             as
             the
             
               Sulphur
               
               of
               Antimony
            
             Coagulated
             in
             Mercury
             ,
             turns
             it
             [
             into
             Cinnabar
             ]
             of
             an
             exceeding
             high
             red
             ,
             is
             by
             the
             help
             of
             these
             Salts
             reduc'd
             to
             crude
             Lead
             .
             
               N.
               B.
            
             According
             to
             
             Tachenius's
             Computation
             ,
             100
             pound
             of
             Lead
             retains
             in
             Calcination
             ten
             pound
             of
             Fire
             .
             3.
             
             All
             the
             
               Remedies
               for
               Burns
            
             are
             such
             as
             are
             capable
             to
             imbibe
             ,
             saturate
             ,
             or
             suppress
             the
             Igneous
             Acid
             ;
             for
             instance
             ,
             
               Sugar
               of
               Saturn
               ,
               Ceruss
               ,
               Litharge
               ,
               Oyls
               depriv'd
               of
               their
               Acidity
               ,
               Lixiviums
               ,
            
             &c.
             
             And
             
               unwashen
               Threed
            
             mitigates
             
               Erysipelatous
               Inflammations
            
             ,
             because
             of
             the
             Alcaly
             of
             the
             Spittle
             .
          
           
             V.
             And
             lastly
             ,
             The
             Acidity
             of
             the
             Particles
             of
             Fire
             appears
             from
             its
             efficacy
             in
             Chirurgery
             ,
             and
             particularly
             in
             exstirpating
             ill
             condition'd
             Ulcers
             .
             For
             
               the
               cause
               of
               Vlcers
               being
               a
               Corrosive
               Acid
               ,
            
             they
             may
             be
             cur'd
             by
             three
             sorts
             of
             external
             Medicines
             .
             1.
             
             Those
             that
             Saturate
             this
             Acid
             ,
             as
             
               Spirit
               of
               Salt-Armoniac
               ,
               Quick-lime
               Water
               ,
               Oyl
               of
               Tartar
               per
               deliquium
               ,
            
             and
             the
             like
             .
             2.
             
             Those
             that
             imbibe
             and
             assume
             this
             Acid
             ,
             as
             all
             the
             
               Preparations
               of
               Saturn
            
             .
             The
             Author
             has
             known
             Ulcers
             in
             the
             Legs
             cur'd
             ,
             meerly
             by
             applying
             thin
             Plates
             of
             Lead
             to
             them
             ;
             because
             the
             Acid
             ,
             corroding
             the
             Musculous
             Flesh
             ,
             was
             coagulated
             in
             the
             Lead
             .
             3.
             
             Those
             that
             by
             a
             more
             potent
             
             Acidity
             suppress
             this
             weak
             one
             ;
             as
             Verdegreese
             ,
             which
             consists
             of
             the
             Acid
             Salts
             of
             Vinegar
             Coagulated
             in
             Particles
             of
             Venus
             ;
             now
             these
             Salts
             are
             much
             more
             powerfull
             than
             in
             common
             Vinegar
             ,
             because
             they
             are
             concentrated
             and
             separated
             from
             strong
             Phlegm
             ,
             and
             thereby
             enabl'd
             to
             suppress
             the
             weaker
             putredinous
             Acid
             of
             the
             Ulcers
             ;
             which
             
               Aqua
               fortis
               ,
               Spirit
               of
               Salt
               ,
            
             and
             other
             Acid
             Spirits
             also
             do
             .
             But
             nothing
             performs
             this
             so
             effectually
             ,
             as
             
               Actual
               Cauteries
            
             ,
             because
             
               there
               is
               no
               Acid
               so
               powerful
               as
               that
               of
               Fire
               .
            
          
           
             
               N.
               B.
            
             I.
             The
             
               Acid
               Effluvia
            
             ,
             that
             are
             continually
             passing
             away
             from
             Inflammable
             Bodies
             while
             they
             are
             burning
             ,
             do
             compose
             Flame
             ,
             so
             long
             as
             they
             continue
             numerous
             enough
             within
             a
             certain
             Sphere
             ,
             and
             in
             a
             very
             swift
             motion
             ,
             but
             having
             pass'd
             the
             limits
             of
             this
             Sphere
             ,
             they
             begin
             to
             move
             more
             slowly
             ,
             and
             are
             by
             degrees
             dispers'd
             .
             So
             that
             the
             same
             
               Acid
               Effluvia
            
             ,
             which
             being
             in
             a
             rapid
             motion
             ,
             produce
             tormenting
             Pains
             and
             Convulsive
             Motions
             by
             corroding
             the
             Nervous
             Parts
             ;
             when
             they
             are
             in
             a
             moderate
             Motion
             ,
             do
             produce
             in
             our
             Body
             a
             temperate
             and
             gratefull
             heat
             ,
             by
             inciting
             the
             Nervous
             Capillaments
             to
             gentle
             Spasms
             .
          
           
             
               N.
               B.
            
             2.
             
             Tho'
             Actual
             Fire
             be
             so
             far
             
             from
             being
             one
             of
             the
             Material
             Principles
             of
             Mixt
             Bodies
             ,
             that
             it
             cannot
             exist
             in
             them
             without
             destroying
             them
             ;
             yet
             there
             are
             certain
             
               Acid
               Particles
            
             in
             all
             mixt
             Bodies
             ,
             differing
             but
             in
             Rest
             ,
             or
             in
             Degrees
             of
             Motion
             from
             Actual
             Fire
             ,
             in
             which
             the
             Seeds
             or
             Ideas
             reside
             ,
             that
             are
             the
             Formal
             Principles
             of
             those
             Bodies
             .
             But
             these
             Acid
             Particles
             do
             themselves
             return
             into
             
               Elementary
               Water
            
             ,
             when
             they
             are
             devested
             of
             those
             Seeds
             .
             Which
             Seeds
             or
             Ideas
             ,
             so
             often
             heretofore
             mention'd
             ,
             t'
             will
             now
             be
             seasonable
             to
             explain
             .
          
           
             Having
             abundantly
             prov'd
             ,
             that
             
               Simple
               Water
               is
               the
               only
               Matter
               of
               which
               all
               Mixt
               Bodies
               consist
               ,
            
             't
             is
             plain
             that
             they
             all
             agree
             in
             one
             and
             the
             same
             
               Material
               Principle
            
             ;
             so
             that
             their
             difference
             one
             from
             another
             proceeds
             not
             from
             any
             diversity
             in
             the
             Matter
             of
             which
             they
             consist
             ,
             or
             in
             the
             proportion
             of
             the
             Elements
             that
             may
             be
             suppos'd
             to
             concur
             to
             their
             Composition
             But
             ,
          
        
         
           
           
             Prop.
             XVII
             .
          
           
             The
             diversity
             ,
             that
             is
             among
             Natural
             Bodies
             ,
             is
             wholly
             owing
             to
             the
             different
             Seminal
             Ideas
             ,
             that
             regulate
             the
             Operation
             of
             the
             Plastick
             Spirit
             ,
             which
             Coagulates
             Water
             into
             various
             Substances
             ,
             differing
             in
             Figure
             ,
             Solidity
             ,
             Bigness
             ,
             Order
             and
             Connection
             of
             Parts
             ,
             and
             other
             Modifications
             ,
             according
             as
             its
             Motions
             are
             guided
             by
             these
             Ideas
             .
          
           
             FOR
             when
             God
             at
             first
             Created
             out
             of
             nothing
             the
             
               Terraqueous
               Globe
            
             ,
             and
             furnish'd
             it
             with
             numerous
             Bodies
             of
             several
             Species
             or
             kinds
             ;
             he
             was
             pleas'd
             ,
             because
             the
             Individuals
             were
             Corruptible
             ,
             to
             endow
             them
             by
             vertue
             of
             his
             Omnipotent
             Word
             (
             
               Be
               fruitful
               and
               multiply
               ,
            
             )
             with
             a
             Power
             of
             producing
             out
             of
             Pre-existent
             Matter
             ,
             new
             Individuals
             like
             themselves
             ,
             and
             of
             their
             own
             Species
             ;
             that
             so
             ,
             when
             the
             first
             Individuals
             were
             dissolv'd
             ,
             the
             Species
             might
             nevertheless
             be
             preserv'd
             in
             these
             new
             Individuals
             generated
             by
             the
             first
             ;
             &
             so
             on
             ,
             as
             long
             as
             the
             world
             endures
             .
             
               This
               Generative
               Power
               is
               seated
               in
               the
               seeds
            
             ;
             [
             which
             are
             very
             
               obvious
               in
               Animals
            
             and
             Vegetables
             ,
             but
             more
             
               doubtful
               in
               Minerals
            
             ,
             at
             least
             in
             severall
             sorts
             of
             them
             .
             ]
          
           
             As
             for
             Animals
             ,
             and
             particularly
             Man
             ;
             
             the
             
               Feminine
               seed
            
             is
             a
             limpid
             Liquor
             ,
             contain'd
             in
             the
             little
             Eggs
             ,
             that
             are
             found
             in
             the
             Testicles
             .
             This
             Seminal
             Liquor
             contains
             in
             it self
             an
             exact
             Idea
             of
             an
             entire
             Human
             Body
             (
             of
             the
             femal
             sexe
             ,
             )
             consisting
             of
             as
             many
             particular
             distinct
             Ideas
             ,
             as
             there
             are
             different
             Parts
             in
             a
             Human
             Body
             ,
             which
             all
             together
             concur
             to
             make
             up
             one
             entire
             Idea
             of
             an
             entire
             Woman
             :
             so
             if
             it
             were
             possible
             for
             us
             to
             contemplate
             this
             Idea
             with
             our
             Bodily
             Eyes
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             we
             can
             do
             with
             our
             Intellectual
             ,
             we
             might
             discern
             in
             it
             sensible
             signatures
             of
             all
             the
             Parts
             of
             the
             Body
             ,
             alltogether
             making
             up
             a
             lively
             representation
             ,
             and
             as
             't
             were
             exact
             Model
             ,
             of
             an
             entire
             Woman
             .
             The
             Idea
             of
             every
             particular
             Part
             in
             this
             Seed
             ,
             is
             a
             Particle
             of
             the
             Idea
             that
             resides
             in
             that
             same
             part
             of
             the
             Womans
             Body
             that
             generates
             this
             Seed
             .
             For
             
               every
               Part
            
             of
             a
             Womans
             (
             Mans
             ,
             or
             any
             other
             Animals
             )
             Body
             ,
             whether
             Similar
             or
             
               Organical
               ,
               has
               its
               own
               Idea
               residing
               in
               it
               ,
            
             in
             which
             Idea
             is
             imprinted
             upon
             ,
             or
             (
             which
             is
             all
             one
             )
             communicates
             a
             Particle
             of
             it self
             unto
             the
             Blood
             ,
             that
             Circulates
             through
             the
             Part
             ;
             and
             the
             Blood
             carryes
             all
             these
             Ideas
             to
             the
             Testicles
             ,
             where
             they
             are
             gather'd
             together
             ,
             dispos'd
             into
             the
             same
             Order
             that
             the
             Parts
             ,
             they
             come
             from
             ,
             have
             in
             the
             
             
               Womans
               Body
            
             ,
             and
             so
             united
             into
             one
             entire
             Idea
             ,
             which
             is
             inclos'd
             within
             the
             Tunicles
             of
             the
             Egg
             ,
             that
             being
             defended
             from
             Injuries
             thereby
             ,
             the
             particular
             Parts
             of
             it
             may
             be
             able
             to
             retain
             their
             due
             situation
             ,
             and
             may
             not
             be
             lyable
             to
             be
             confounded
             one
             with
             another
             or
             misplac'd
             .
             This
             Idea
             is
             endow'd
             in
             the
             Testicles
             with
             a
             particle
             of
             that
             moving
             
               Vital
               Spirit
            
             ,
             which
             is
             the
             Principle
             of
             all
             Vital
             Actions
             ,
             and
             the
             only
             Mover
             of
             all
             Seeds
             ,
             which
             ,
             without
             this
             ,
             are
             Barren
             and
             Unfruitful
             ,
             because
             they
             cannot
             unfold
             themselves
             .
             But
             yet
             this
             
               Plastick
               Spirit
            
             in
             the
             
               Feminine
               Seed
            
             is
             too
             weak
             for
             to
             accomplish
             the
             evolution
             of
             the
             Ideas
             ,
             without
             it
             be
             strengthen'd
             ,
             Actuated
             ,
             and
             Fecundated
             by
             that
             more
             powerfull
             Spirit
             which
             the
             
               Masculine
               Seed
            
             is
             impregnated
             with
             .
             All
             that
             has
             been
             said
             of
             the
             Feminine
             Seed
             ,
             is
             applicable
             also
             to
             this
             ,
             saving
             ,
             that
             it
             
               contains
               Ideas
            
             of
             all
             the
             Parts
             of
             a
             Human
             Body
             of
             the
             
               Male
               Sex
            
             only
             ,
             not
             of
             the
             Female
             ;
             and
             that
             these
             Ideas
             are
             confounded
             one
             with
             another
             ,
             because
             the
             Seed
             not
             being
             inclos'd
             in
             Tunicles
             in
             the
             form
             of
             Eggs
             ,
             but
             contain'd
             in
             the
             Testicles
             in
             a
             liquid
             form
             ,
             they
             fluctuate
             and
             cannot
             retain
             any
             certain
             Order
             .
             Hence
             it
             is
             ,
             that
             as
             the
             
             Feminine
             Seed
             alone
             can
             never
             be
             fruitful
             ,
             till
             its
             weaker
             Spirit
             be
             corroborated
             by
             Conjunction
             with
             the
             Masculine
             ;
             so
             neither
             can
             the
             Masculine
             Seed
             alone
             ever
             produce
             a
             Foetus
             ,
             till
             its
             confus'd
             Ideas
             be
             reduc'd
             into
             due
             Order
             by
             conjunction
             with
             the
             Feminine
             ,
             each
             Idea
             taking
             its
             own
             proper
             place
             ,
             by
             applying
             it self
             to
             the
             correspondent
             Ideas
             of
             the
             Feminine
             Seed
             .
             In
             short
             ,
             the
             Masculine
             Seed
             cannot
             reduce
             the
             confus'd
             Ideas
             into
             Order
             ,
             but
             being
             set
             in
             Order
             by
             the
             Feminine
             ,
             it
             can
             explicate
             or
             unfold
             them
             ,
             which
             the
             Feminine
             cannot
             .
             Wherefore
             the
             Masculine
             Seed
             must
             be
             injected
             into
             the
             Womb
             ,
             whence
             it
             emits
             a
             Seminal
             and
             Vital
             
               Spirituous
               Exhalation
            
             through
             the
             
               Tubi
               Fallopiani
            
             into
             the
             Testes
             or
             Ovarium
             ,
             where
             one
             (
             or
             more
             )
             of
             the
             Eggs
             ,
             being
             impregnated
             with
             this
             Exhalation
             ,
             and
             foecundated
             thereby
             ,
             is
             thrust
             out
             of
             its
             place
             ,
             and
             falls
             into
             the
             extremity
             of
             the
             
               Tubus
               Fallopianus
            
             ,
             which
             conveys
             it
             to
             the
             Womb.
             For
             tho'
             the
             two
             Seminal
             Spirits
             be
             now
             united
             into
             one
             ,
             yet
             even
             this
             is
             not
             sufficient
             for
             the
             Evolution
             of
             the
             Ideas
             ;
             till
             it
             be
             excited
             to
             motion
             by
             the
             Heat
             of
             the
             Womb
             ;
             and
             then
             it
             begins
             the
             Evolution
             of
             the
             Ideas
             ,
             by
             Coagulating
             the
             approximated
             Aliment
             
             into
             a
             substance
             agreeable
             to
             the
             particular
             Ideas
             ,
             and
             applying
             it
             to
             them
             :
             by
             which
             means
             the
             Ideas
             ,
             that
             were
             utterly
             insensible
             before
             ,
             do
             quickly
             acquire
             a
             visible
             bulk
             :
             insomuch
             that
             Kerkringius
             tells
             us
             of
             a
             Foetus
             ,
             but
             four
             days
             old
             ,
             wherein
             the
             distinction
             of
             the
             Parts
             was
             plainly
             discernible
             .
             This
             Apposition
             of
             Aliments
             to
             ,
             and
             gradual
             Evolution
             of
             the
             Ideas
             ,
             begins
             at
             the
             first
             Conception
             ,
             and
             continues
             after
             the
             Child
             has
             left
             the
             Womb
             ,
             till
             the
             Body
             have
             attain'd
             its
             full
             stature
             ;
             (
             that
             is
             ,
             to
             a
             perfect
             Evolution
             of
             the
             Ideas
             ,
             for
             when
             the
             Ideas
             are
             not
             capable
             of
             any
             further
             Evolution
             ,
             the
             Growth
             of
             the
             Body
             must
             cease
             .
             )
             So
             that
             Ganeration
             is
             really
             nothing
             else
             ,
             but
             the
             
               first
               Nutrition
            
             ;
             or
             the
             Apposition
             of
             Aliment
             to
             and
             Evolution
             of
             the
             Ideas
             while
             they
             are
             yet
             insensible
             :
             and
             on
             the
             other
             side
             ,
             Nutrition
             is
             nothing
             but
             a
             
               continued
               Generation
            
             .
             For
             't
             is
             the
             same
             
               Plastick
               Spirit
            
             ,
             guided
             by
             the
             same
             Ideas
             ,
             that
             Coagulates
             and
             Applyes
             the
             Aliment
             to
             every
             Part
             ,
             
               both
               in
               and
               out
               of
               the
               Womb.
            
             And
             the
             immediate
             Aliment
             of
             all
             the
             Parts
             in
             both
             states
             is
             the
             same
             ,
             namely
             Blood
             ,
             but
             with
             this
             Difference
             ,
             that
             the
             Embryo
             is
             nourish'd
             with
             the
             
               Mothers
               Blood
            
             ,
             communicated
             to
             it
             by
             the
             
               Vmbilical
               Vein
            
             
             from
             the
             
               Placenta
               Vterina
            
             :
             whereas
             ,
             after
             the
             Child
             is
             born
             ,
             it
             takes
             in
             various
             
               Aliments
               by
               the
               Mouth
            
             ,
             and
             makes
             Blood
             of
             them
             it self
             for
             its
             own
             Nourishment
             .
             This
             Blood
             is
             already
             determin'd
             to
             nourish
             the
             Human
             (
             and
             no
             other
             Animals
             )
             Body
             ,
             by
             the
             Impression
             that
             the
             Idea
             of
             the
             
               Stomachal
               Ferment
            
             has
             seal'd
             the
             Aliments
             ,
             it
             is
             made
             of
             ,
             with
             ;
             but
             is
             indifferent
             to
             all
             the
             Parts
             of
             the
             Human
             Body
             ,
             till
             it
             come
             to
             be
             determin'd
             to
             the
             Nourishment
             of
             particular
             Parts
             by
             being
             stamp'd
             (
             as
             it
             were
             )
             with
             the
             Seal
             of
             the
             particular
             Ideas
             residing
             in
             them
             .
             For
             every
             Organ
             hides
             in
             its
             Ventricle
             an
             Idea
             of
             its
             own
             Body
             ,
             that
             regulates
             the
             Apposition
             of
             the
             Aliment
             to
             that
             Part
             ,
             (
             and
             is
             the
             same
             that
             regulated
             the
             first
             Formation
             of
             it
             .
             )
             And
             the
             
               Native
               Heat
            
             ,
             or
             
               vital
               Spirit
            
             of
             every
             different
             Part
             ,
             Coagulates
             the
             Blood
             into
             a
             differing
             Substance
             ,
             and
             applyes
             it
             in
             a
             differing
             manner
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             diversity
             of
             that
             Idea
             ,
             which
             guides
             the
             Motions
             of
             this
             
               Coagulating
               Spirit
            
             .
             These
             Ideas
             were
             concreated
             with
             the
             Parts
             of
             the
             first
             Individuals
             .
             And
             after
             what
             has
             been
             said
             ,
             't
             will
             not
             be
             difficult
             to
             conceive
             ,
             
               how
               they
            
             were
             folded
             up
             (
             as
             it
             were
             )
             and
             united
             into
             one
             entire
             Idea
             in
             the
             Seed
             of
             these
             
             first
             Individuals
             :
             how
             the
             second
             were
             generated
             by
             the
             gradual
             unfolding
             again
             of
             the
             same
             Ideas
             ,
             &
             apposition
             of
             Aliment
             to
             them
             :
             in
             a
             word
             ,
             how
             by
             the
             convolutions
             and
             Evolutions
             ,
             (
             so
             to
             speak
             )
             of
             those
             Ideas
             ,
             the
             Propagation
             of
             Mankind
             has
             been
             continu'd
             to
             this
             day
             .
             (
             And
             the
             same
             is
             to
             be
             said
             of
             all
             other
             Animals
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             of
             all
             Vegetables
             .
             )
          
           
             This
             is
             as
             brief
             and
             clear
             an
             Account
             ,
             as
             I
             could
             give
             of
             the
             Authors
             Notion
             of
             the
             Generation
             of
             Animals
             :
             which
             tho'
             it
             may
             seem
             already
             more
             prolix
             than
             is
             agreeable
             to
             the
             Design
             of
             this
             Treatise
             ,
             yet
             ,
             because
             the
             Theory
             of
             Generation
             is
             so
             difficult
             ,
             and
             because
             I
             have
             not
             elsewhere
             met
             with
             so
             intelligible
             an
             Account
             of
             the
             Seeds
             and
             Ideas
             that
             Helmont
             so
             often
             speaks
             of
             ;
             I
             thought
             it
             would
             not
             be
             foreign
             to
             my
             Design
             ,
             if
             I
             insist
             a
             little
             longer
             upon
             a
             Theory
             ,
             that
             will
             so
             much
             conduce
             to
             facilitate
             the
             Reading
             of
             an
             Author
             ,
             that
             many
             are
             deterr'd
             from
             ,
             by
             the
             Obscurity
             of
             his
             Notions
             ,
             and
             that
             has
             deliver'd
             so
             many
             and
             so
             considerable
             
               Chymical
               Experiments
            
             ;
             for
             the
             obscure
             hints
             he
             gives
             of
             some
             of
             the
             Principal
             ,
             will
             be
             much
             better
             understood
             by
             one
             that
             is
             acquainted
             with
             His
             Notions
             ,
             than
             by
             one
             that
             
               is
               not
               ,
               caeteris
               paribus
            
             .
             Wherefore
             I
             
             shall
             proceed
             ,
             without
             any
             farther
             Apology
             ,
             to
             deduce
             ,
             from
             the
             Hypothesis
             ,
             already
             deliver'd
             ,
             an
             explication
             of
             some
             of
             the
             chief
             Phaenomena
             of
             Generation
             ;
             continuing
             to
             insist
             upon
             one
             single
             Instance
             ,
             taken
             from
             the
             chief
             Species
             of
             Animals
             ,
             Man
             :
             for
             the
             same
             things
             ,
             that
             are
             here
             deliver'd
             concerning
             Man
             ,
             may
             ,
             with
             a
             little
             alteration
             ,
             be
             easily
             apply'd
             to
             other
             Animals
             .
             ]
          
           
             The
             Sexe
             of
             the
             Foetus
             is
             determin'd
             by
             the
             prevalency
             of
             the
             Ideas
             of
             the
             Fathers
             ,
             or
             of
             those
             of
             the
             Mothers
             Seed
             .
             If
             there
             be
             a
             parity
             of
             both
             ,
             the
             Foetus
             will
             partake
             of
             both
             Sexes
             .
          
           
             A
             Mole
             happens
             ,
             when
             an
             
               Egg
               falls
            
             out
             of
             the
             Ovarium
             into
             the
             Womb
             ,
             merely
             
               by
               the
               irritation
               of
               Lust
            
             ,
             without
             congress
             with
             a
             Man
             :
             for
             the
             Tunicles
             of
             this
             Egg
             swell
             and
             are
             extended
             in
             the
             Womb
             ;
             but
             the
             moving
             Spirit
             of
             the
             Masculine
             Seed
             is
             wanting
             ,
             to
             unfold
             the
             Ideas
             of
             the
             Egg
             and
             apply
             Aliment
             to
             them
             :
             for
             the
             Ideas
             ,
             tho'
             they
             give
             the
             due
             Figure
             to
             every
             Part
             ,
             yet
             they
             cannot
             unfold
             themselves
             ;
             and
             the
             
               Feminine
               Spirit
            
             in
             the
             Egg
             is
             not
             vigorous
             enough
             to
             do
             it
             ;
             tho'
             it
             have
             really
             some
             activity
             ,
             whereby
             it
             concurs
             with
             the
             Masculine
             in
             the
             formation
             of
             a
             true
             Foetus
             ,
             and
             makes
             itself
             alone
             some
             unperfect
             evolution
             of
             the
             Ideas
             in
             a
             
             
             
             
             
             Mole
             ,
             which
             has
             been
             observ'd
             sometimes
             by
             Kerkringius
             and
             others
             ,
             to
             contain
             the
             Parts
             of
             a
             Human
             Body
             sensibly
             ,
             tho'
             imperfectly
             ,
             delineated
             .
             'T
             is
             because
             of
             this
             strength
             and
             vigour
             of
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Mens
             Seed
             ,
             that
             they
             are
             said
             to
             be
             of
             a
             hotter
             temperament
             than
             Women
             ;
             and
             that
             Eunuchs
             turn
             Effeminate
             in
             their
             voice
             ,
             manners
             ,
             and
             disposition
             .
          
           
             Abortion
             happens
             upon
             the
             lest
             
               manifest
               Acidity
            
             of
             the
             Aliment
             of
             the
             Foetus
             ,
             for
             this
             Coagulates
             and
             suffocates
             the
             Spirit
             ,
             that
             by
             its
             occult
             and
             milder
             Acidity
             should
             Coagulate
             the
             Aliment
             ,
             and
             apply
             it
             to
             the
             Nourishment
             of
             the
             Foetus
             .
             Hence
             a
             four
             Scorbutick
             disposition
             of
             the
             Blood
             makes
             Women
             subject
             to
             miscarry
             ;
             and
             the
             use
             of
             red
             Coral
             ,
             Mother
             of
             Pearl
             ,
             and
             the
             like
             is
             good
             to
             prevent
             it
             .
          
           
             The
             
               Plurality
               of
            
             Foetus's
             happens
             when
             
               more
               Eggs
            
             than
             one
             are
             foecundated
             by
             the
             Mans
             Seed
             ,
             and
             fall
             out
             of
             the
             Ovarium
             into
             the
             Womb.
             For
             the
             Ideas
             of
             the
             Mans
             Seed
             ,
             being
             to
             be
             reduc'd
             into
             order
             by
             application
             to
             those
             of
             the
             Womans
             ,
             every
             particular
             Idea
             may
             be
             divided
             ,
             and
             apply
             it self
             to
             the
             correspondent
             Idea
             of
             several
             Eggs.
             This
             is
             manifest
             in
             the
             Seed
             of
             a
             Cock
             ,
             which
             if
             the
             Hen
             have
             but
             once
             receiv'd
             ,
             it
             suffices
             
             oftentimes
             to
             make
             her
             Eggs
             fruitful
             for
             a
             whole
             year
             thereafter
             .
             So
             that
             every
             particular
             Idea
             of
             his
             Seed
             ,
             must
             have
             been
             divided
             into
             as
             many
             Particles
             ,
             as
             there
             were
             Eggs
             foecundated
             by
             it
             .
             
               Marcus
               Marci
               ,
               De
               Ideis
               operatricibus
               ,
            
             ascribes
             the
             plurality
             of
             
             foetus's
             to
             the
             
               Plurality
               of
               Hearts
            
             in
             the
             Seed
             ,
             howsoever
             this
             be
             occasion'd
             ;
             for
             the
             Heart
             being
             the
             
               Center
               of
               Evolution
            
             ,
             as
             many
             Hearts
             as
             there
             are
             ,
             so
             many
             Centers
             of
             Evolution
             ,
             and
             by
             consequence
             so
             many
             
             Foetus's
             .
          
           
             The
             
               monstrous
               Plurality
               of
               Parts
            
             in
             one
             Foetus
             happens
             ,
             when
             the
             
               Ideas
               of
               the
               Masculine
               Seed
               are
               not
               exactly
               apply'd
               to
               the
               correspondent
               Ideas
               of
               the
               Feminine
               Seed
            
             ;
             but
             decline
             to
             the
             right
             or
             left
             hand
             ;
             so
             that
             ,
             being
             separately
             unfolded
             ,
             they
             make
             up
             distinct
             Parts
             .
          
           
             The
             want
             of
             a
             particular
             Part
             (
             as
             Arms
             ,
             Legs
             &c.
             )
             happens
             ,
             when
             the
             Idea
             of
             that
             Part
             is
             not
             unfolded
             for
             want
             of
             Aliment
             ;
             or
             is
             extinguish'd
             by
             some
             impure
             Acid
             Particles
             of
             the
             Aliment
             ,
             or
             by
             the
             force
             of
             the
             Mothers
             Imagination
             of
             some
             person
             presented
             to
             her
             ,
             that
             has
             (
             by
             an
             Accident
             perhaps
             ,
             )
             lost
             that
             Part.
             
          
           
             A
             Pygme
             or
             Dwarf-Stature
             happens
             ,
             when
             the
             Evolution
             of
             the
             Ideas
             is
             hinder'd
             ,
             either
             by
             the
             impurity
             or
             manifest
             
             
             
             
             
             Acidity
             of
             the
             Aliment
             apply'd
             to
             them
             ,
             some
             time
             after
             the
             Foetus
             has
             left
             the
             Womb
             ;
             or
             by
             the
             force
             of
             an
             Idea
             imprinted
             in
             the
             Mothers
             Imagination
             ,
             that
             so
             mingles
             it self
             and
             becomes
             one
             with
             the
             Idea
             ,
             that
             forms
             the
             Foetus
             ,
             as
             to
             determine
             it
             ,
             not
             only
             in
             respect
             of
             Figure
             but
             of
             Stature
             ;
             so
             that
             the
             
               Formative
               Idea
            
             ,
             being
             straitly
             ty'd
             with
             the
             Imaginative
             ,
             is
             compell'd
             thereby
             to
             stop
             before
             a
             perfect
             Evolution
             .
             If
             this
             Idea
             take
             root
             in
             one
             Subject
             ,
             it
             may
             be
             propagated
             to
             Posterity
             ,
             till
             it
             be
             extinguish'd
             by
             a
             supervening
             Idea
             of
             greater
             Force
             .
          
           
             On
             the
             contrary
             ,
             a
             
               Gigantine
               Stature
            
             proceeds
             from
             the
             Evolution
             of
             the
             Formative
             Idea
             beyond
             its
             due
             bounds
             ;
             which
             
               Marcus
               Marci
            
             ascribes
             to
             two
             Causes
             ,
             namely
             ,
             either
             the
             
               Refraction
               of
               the
               Ideal
               Rayes
            
             by
             falling
             into
             a
             dissimilar
             Medium
             ,
             or
             the
             Mothers
             strong
             Imagination
             of
             some
             huge
             Statue
             .
             And
             indeed
             there
             are
             many
             obvious
             Instances
             ,
             to
             prove
             ,
             that
             
               a
               strong
               Imaginative
               Idea
               of
               the
               Mothers
               ,
            
             impress'd
             upon
             the
             Seed
             ,
             (
             or
             even
             upon
             the
             Embryo
             ,
             after
             the
             Evolution
             is
             begun
             )
             
               may
               have
               powerful
               Effects
               in
               the
               Formation
               of
               the
               Foetus
               .
            
             For
             hence
             it
             is
             ,
             that
             we
             can
             often
             distinguish
             Men
             of
             several
             Nations
             by
             their
             Aspect
             :
             because
             the
             Women
             of
             every
             
             Nation
             form
             in
             their
             Imagination
             so
             strong
             an
             Idea
             ,
             from
             the
             constant
             sight
             of
             their
             owne
             Country-men
             ,
             as
             ,
             by
             uniting
             it self
             to
             the
             
               Formative
               Idea
            
             ,
             determines
             it
             to
             fashion
             the
             Foetus
             like
             them
             ,
             in
             some
             Propertyes
             of
             the
             Countenance
             ,
             that
             most
             ,
             if
             not
             all
             ,
             of
             them
             ,
             agree
             in
             :
             
               Jacobs
               Rods
            
             also
             are
             a
             signal
             Instance
             to
             this
             purpose
             .
             And
             there
             are
             many
             Relations
             of
             
               White
               Women
            
             ,
             that
             by
             reason
             of
             a
             strong
             
               Imaginative
               Idea
            
             ,
             occasion'd
             by
             the
             frequent
             ,
             or
             unexpected
             and
             affrighting
             sight
             of
             Blackamores
             ,
             have
             brought
             forth
             black
             Children
             .
             This
             
               Imaginative
               Idea
            
             continues
             ,
             till
             it
             be
             extinguish'd
             by
             the
             accession
             of
             another
             more
             powerfull
             Idea
             .
             The
             Author
             tells
             us
             of
             a
             Woman
             with
             Child
             ,
             affrighted
             at
             the
             sudden
             coming
             of
             a
             Blackamore
             ;
             who
             being
             presently
             washd
             all
             over
             ,
             by
             the
             prudent
             advice
             of
             a
             By-stander
             ,
             did
             so
             strongly
             imagine
             the
             washing
             off
             of
             the
             Blackness
             hereby
             ,
             that
             the
             Idea
             of
             Blackness
             ,
             formerly
             conceiv'd
             ,
             and
             already
             imprinted
             upon
             the
             Foetus
             ,
             was
             by
             this
             means
             extinguish'd
             ;
             for
             she
             brought
             forth
             a
             white
             Child
             ,
             but
             spotted
             between
             the
             Fingers
             and
             Toes
             ,
             and
             in
             a
             few
             other
             Parts
             that
             the
             washers
             hand
             had
             miss'd
             .
             Finally
             ,
             to
             add
             no
             more
             ,
             't
             is
             a
             very
             usual
             Observation
             ,
             that
             if
             a
             Woman
             with
             Child
             conceive
             
             a
             strong
             Idea
             of
             any
             Thing
             ,
             whether
             by
             a
             longing
             desire
             after
             it
             ,
             or
             being
             affrighted
             at
             the
             sight
             of
             it
             &c.
             the
             Child
             seldom
             fails
             to
             have
             a
             Mark
             in
             some
             part
             of
             its
             Body
             ,
             representing
             that
             thing
             both
             in
             Colour
             and
             Figure
             ;
             whether
             it
             be
             a
             
               Cherry
               ,
               Mouse
            
             ,
             or
             any
             other
             such
             like
             thing
             :
             and
             if
             the
             Thing
             ,
             that
             surprises
             the
             Mother
             ,
             fall
             upon
             or
             hit
             against
             a
             particular
             Part
             ,
             the
             Idea
             of
             it
             will
             be
             impress'd
             upon
             that
             same
             Part
             of
             the
             Foetus
             .
             [
             An
             Eye-witness
             related
             to
             me
             ,
             that
             a
             pregnant
             Woman
             ,
             that
             had
             been
             affrighted
             with
             a
             Cat
             suddenly
             thrown
             upon
             her
             lap
             ,
             brought
             forth
             a
             Child
             with
             two
             Marks
             ,
             one
             above
             each
             Knee
             ;
             which
             Marks
             ,
             when
             the
             Knees
             were
             brought
             together
             (
             into
             the
             same
             posture
             that
             the
             Mothers
             were
             in
             ,
             when
             the
             Cat
             affrighted
             her
             )
             did
             exactly
             represent
             an
             entire
             Cat
             ,
             with
             the
             Head
             above
             the
             one
             Knee
             ,
             and
             the
             Tail
             above
             the
             other
             ,
             in
             the
             very
             same
             posture
             that
             the
             Cat
             fell
             in
             .
             But
             ,
             tho'
             it
             plainly
             appears
             from
             these
             and
             many
             more
             such
             Instances
             ,
             that
             the
             Mothers
             Imagination
             has
             a
             powerfull
             influence
             upon
             the
             Foetus
             ;
             yet
             to
             give
             a
             clear
             and
             intelligible
             Explication
             of
             the
             Manner
             how
             it
             produces
             such
             Effects
             ,
             is
             a
             matter
             of
             no
             small
             difficulty
             ;
             and
             our
             Author
             gives
             but
             little
             account
             
             of
             it
             .
             However
             I
             shall
             offer
             some
             Considerations
             ,
             that
             may
             somewhat
             lessen
             this
             Difficulty
             ,
             tho'
             I
             shall
             not
             pretend
             to
             give
             a
             clear
             and
             satisfactory
             Solution
             of
             it
             .
             First
             of
             all
             then
             ,
             I
             consider
             ,
             that
             ,
             since
             the
             
               Formation
               of
               the
               Foetus
            
             is
             wholly
             regulated
             by
             the
             
               Seminal
               Ideas
            
             ,
             't
             is
             easy
             enough
             to
             conceive
             ,
             that
             an
             
               Imaginative
               Idea
            
             ,
             impress'd
             upon
             the
             Seed
             ,
             may
             have
             a
             considerable
             Influence
             in
             the
             Formation
             of
             the
             Foetus
             .
             For
             Instance
             ,
             the
             Idea
             of
             a
             Blackamore
             (
             simply
             as
             such
             ,
             regarding
             only
             the
             Colour
             of
             his
             skin
             ,
             and
             not
             the
             figure
             ,
             proportion
             ,
             and
             other
             Qualities
             of
             the
             Parts
             of
             his
             Body
             ;
             or
             at
             least
             ,
             not
             being
             so
             strong
             in
             regard
             of
             them
             ,
             but
             that
             other
             different
             ,
             and
             more
             prevalent
             Ideas
             of
             these
             Qualities
             ,
             may
             render
             this
             ineffectual
             ,
             as
             to
             them
             :
             this
             Idea
             (
             I
             say
             ,
             )
             impress'd
             upon
             the
             Seed
             ,
             may
             determine
             the
             
               Formative
               Spirit
            
             to
             form
             the
             Foetus
             with
             a
             black
             skin
             ;
             since
             it
             has
             been
             formerly
             prov'd
             ,
             that
             all
             the
             Modifications
             (
             and
             consequently
             the
             Colour
             )
             of
             every
             Part
             ,
             depend
             intirely
             upon
             the
             Ideas
             residing
             in
             the
             Seed
             .
             In
             the
             next
             place
             I
             consider
             ,
             that
             ,
             since
             't
             is
             highly
             probable
             ,
             that
             the
             Animal
             Spirits
             ,
             which
             come
             from
             the
             Brain
             through
             certain
             little
             Nerves
             to
             the
             Testes
             ,
             do
             there
             mingle
             themselves
             
             with
             the
             spirituous
             part
             of
             the
             Blood
             ,
             brought
             thither
             by
             the
             Arteries
             ,
             and
             concur
             with
             it
             to
             make
             up
             the
             Matter
             whereof
             the
             Seed
             consists
             :
             and
             since
             the
             Idea
             of
             a
             Blackamore
             (
             to
             keep
             to
             the
             former
             Instance
             )
             is
             convey'd
             to
             the
             Brain
             and
             imprinted
             there
             by
             the
             Animal
             Spirits
             ,
             which
             receive
             it
             from
             the
             Image
             or
             Idea
             painted
             in
             the
             bottom
             of
             the
             Eye
             ,
             upon
             the
             
               Tunica
               Retina
            
             or
             (
             as
             others
             think
             )
             the
             Choroeides
             ,
             by
             the
             Rayes
             of
             Light
             reflected
             from
             the
             Blackamores
             Body
             :
             it
             may
             be
             easily
             enough
             conceiv'd
             ,
             that
             the
             Animal
             Spirits
             may
             also
             convey
             the
             same
             Idea
             from
             the
             Brain
             to
             the
             Testes
             ,
             and
             there
             impress
             it
             upon
             the
             Seed
             .
             For
             if
             the
             Animal
             Spirits
             of
             the
             
               Optick
               Nerves
            
             transmit
             this
             
               Idea
               from
               the
               Eyes
               to
               the
               Brain
               ,
            
             and
             there
             imprint
             it
             ;
             why
             may
             not
             the
             Animal
             Spirits
             of
             the
             
               Par
               vagum
            
             transmit
             the
             same
             Idea
             from
             
               the
               Brain
            
             (
             through
             certain
             little
             Branches
             that
             reach
             ,
             )
             
               to
               the
               Testes
            
             ,
             and
             there
             communicate
             it
             to
             the
             Seed
             .
             And
             since
             the
             
               Rayes
               of
               Light
            
             ,
             that
             come
             from
             the
             Object
             ,
             may
             be
             
               Reflected
               from
               a
               Specular
               Body
               to
               the
               Eye
               ,
            
             without
             losing
             thereby
             that
             Figuration
             ,
             Motion
             ,
             or
             whatever
             other
             Modification
             it
             be
             ,
             that
             qualifyes
             them
             to
             
               paint
               an
               exact
               Idea
            
             of
             the
             Object
             ,
             they
             receiv'd
             it
             from
             ,
             
               upon
               the
               
               Retina
               or
               Choroeides
            
             :
             why
             may
             not
             the
             
               Animal
               Spirits
            
             ,
             that
             receive
             the
             very
             same
             Modification
             from
             the
             Tunicle
             of
             the
             Eye
             ,
             be
             
               Reflected
               from
               the
               Brain
               to
               the
               Testes
               ,
            
             and
             there
             
               impress
               the
               same
               Idea
               upon
               the
               Seed
               .
            
             Nor
             can
             it
             be
             said
             ,
             that
             the
             Seed
             is
             not
             a
             Subject
             capable
             of
             such
             Ideas
             ,
             since
             (
             as
             was
             noted
             before
             )
             the
             
               Animal
               Spirits
               are
               Part
               of
            
             the
             Matter
             whereof
             it
             consists
             ,
             so
             that
             by
             taking
             them
             into
             its
             own
             substance
             ,
             it
             must
             receive
             the
             Ideas
             they
             bring
             along
             with
             them
             .
             And
             't
             is
             most
             certain
             ,
             that
             many
             Impressions
             ,
             made
             in
             particular
             Parts
             of
             the
             Body
             ,
             and
             transmitted
             to
             the
             Brain
             ,
             do
             not
             stop
             there
             ,
             but
             are
             Reflected
             back
             to
             the
             same
             ,
             or
             to
             other
             Parts
             ,
             where
             they
             often
             produce
             very
             notable
             Effects
             ;
             &
             that
             barely
             by
             the
             strength
             of
             the
             Impression
             ,
             without
             any
             concurrence
             of
             the
             Wills
             Determination
             ,
             yea
             many
             times
             in
             direct
             opposition
             to
             it
             .
             And
             tho'
             the
             
               Substance
               of
               the
               Brain
            
             seems
             very
             remote
             from
             being
             Specular
             ;
             yet
             since
             that
             Quality
             depends
             upon
             such
             a
             Modification
             of
             the
             surface
             of
             any
             Opacous
             Body
             ,
             as
             qualifies
             it
             to
             Reflect
             the
             Rayes
             of
             Light
             in
             the
             same
             order
             they
             fell
             in
             ,
             without
             at
             all
             confounding
             them
             ,
             or
             altering
             the
             Modifications
             they
             receiv'd
             from
             the
             Object
             ;
             't
             is
             plain
             that
             
             the
             Brain
             ,
             if
             it
             be
             at
             all
             capable
             of
             
               Reflecting
               the
               Impressions
               that
               come
               from
               visible
               Objects
               ,
            
             (
             as
             certainly
             it
             is
             )
             must
             ,
             
               as
               well
               as
               Specular
               Bodies
            
             ,
             tho'
             perhaps
             upon
             very
             different
             accounts
             ,
             be
             qualify'd
             to
             Reflect
             them
             
               without
               confounding
               or
               altering
               them
            
             ;
             for
             if
             the
             Brain
             should
             confound
             or
             alter
             them
             ,
             there
             could
             be
             no
             true
             distinct
             Ideas
             of
             the
             Objects
             ,
             they
             come
             from
             ,
             form'd
             in
             it
             .
          
           
             All
             these
             Considerations
             may
             be
             also
             apply'd
             ,
             to
             lessen
             our
             wonder
             at
             the
             powerful
             
               Influence
               of
               the
               Mothers
               Imagination
               upon
               the
               Foetus
               in
               the
               Womb
               already
               form'd
               .
            
             For
             so
             long
             as
             the
             Foetus
             is
             in
             the
             Womb
             ,
             it
             may
             very
             justly
             be
             consider'd
             as
             a
             
               Part
               of
               the
               Mothers
               Body
            
             ;
             since
             her
             Blood
             Circulates
             through
             and
             nourishes
             it
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             the
             other
             Parts
             of
             Her
             Body
             .
             And
             being
             't
             is
             very
             probable
             ,
             that
             the
             
               Animal
               Spirits
            
             ,
             convey'd
             by
             the
             Nerves
             to
             every
             Part
             of
             the
             Mothers
             Body
             ,
             do
             there
             mingle
             with
             the
             Blood
             brought
             thither
             by
             the
             Arteries
             ,
             and
             concur
             with
             it
             to
             the
             Nutrition
             of
             the
             Part
             :
             I
             may
             very
             reasonably
             suppose
             ,
             that
             the
             
               Animal
               Spirits
            
             ,
             that
             come
             to
             the
             Womb
             ,
             may
             there
             mingle
             with
             the
             
               Arterial
               Blood
            
             ,
             and
             be
             trasmitted
             together
             with
             it
             by
             the
             Umbilical
             Vein
             into
             the
             Body
             of
             the
             Foetus
             for
             
             its
             Nourishment
             .
             And
             if
             there
             be
             a
             strong
             Impression
             of
             any
             
               Idea
               in
               the
               Brain
            
             ,
             the
             
               Animal
               Spirits
            
             may
             (
             as
             was
             formerly
             explain'd
             with
             relation
             to
             the
             Testes
             )
             ▪
             convey
             it
             to
             the
             Womb
             ,
             and
             there
             impres●
             it
             upon
             the
             Body
             of
             the
             Foetus
             ;
             which
             ,
             being
             so
             soft
             and
             tender
             ,
             may
             upon
             that
             account
             be
             more
             susceptible
             of
             any
             such
             Impression
             ,
             than
             the
             other
             Parts
             of
             the
             Mothers
             Body
             ;
             especially
             since
             Her
             frequent
             and
             solicitous
             Thoughts
             of
             the
             Womb
             ,
             and
             the
             Foetus
             therein
             contain'd
             ,
             may
             determine
             the
             Animal
             Spirits
             to
             flow
             more
             copiously
             thither
             than
             to
             other
             Parts
             ,
             and
             keep
             those
             Pores
             of
             the
             Brain
             that
             lead
             thither
             more
             open
             :
             so
             that
             the
             Reflection
             of
             any
             Impression
             ,
             made
             upon
             the
             Brain
             ,
             may
             have
             a
             freer
             course
             that
             ,
             than
             any
             other
             way
             .
             And
             tho'
             the
             Impression
             made
             upon
             the
             Foetus
             be
             but
             weak
             at
             first
             ,
             yet
             it
             may
             be
             afterwards
             sufficiently
             confirmd
             by
             often
             
               reiterated
               Imaginations
            
             .
             Finally
             ,
             tho'
             it
             be
             very
             little
             at
             first
             ,
             yet
             it
             may
             increase
             daily
             as
             the
             Foetus
             grows
             :
             which
             may
             be
             both
             illustrated
             and
             confirm'd
             by
             Figures
             lightly
             cut
             in
             the
             Rind
             of
             a
             Gourd
             ,
             which
             grow
             bigger
             and
             bigger
             as
             the
             Gourd
             increases
             .
          
           
           
             And
             now
             I
             see
             not
             any
             considerable
             Difficulty
             remaining
             in
             this
             Subject
             ,
             after
             I
             shall
             have
             added
             this
             one
             Consideration
             ;
             namely
             ,
             That
             ,
             because
             the
             
               Formative
               Idea
            
             ,
             residing
             in
             every
             Part
             of
             the
             Foetus
             ,
             is
             a
             Particle
             of
             the
             Idea
             that
             resides
             in
             the
             same
             Part
             of
             the
             
               Mothers
               Body
            
             ;
             an
             
               Imaginative
               Idea
            
             ,
             produc'd
             in
             her
             Brain
             ,
             by
             a
             sudden
             Impression
             made
             upon
             any
             Part
             of
             her
             Body
             ,
             may
             ,
             when
             it
             is
             communicated
             to
             the
             Foetus
             ,
             be
             more
             apt
             to
             unite
             it self
             with
             the
             
               Formative
               Idea
            
             ,
             belonging
             to
             that
             same
             Part
             of
             the
             Foetus
             ,
             than
             with
             any
             other
             ;
             and
             upon
             this
             account
             ,
             that
             Part
             may
             more
             easily
             ,
             than
             any
             other
             ,
             receive
             the
             Impression
             .
             For
             the
             
               Idea
               of
               the
               Object
            
             comes
             to
             the
             Mothers
             Brain
             ,
             accompany'd
             with
             the
             
               Idea
               of
               the
               Part
            
             ,
             that
             the
             Impression
             is
             made
             upon
             ,
             and
             the
             
               Imagination
               connects
            
             them
             together
             as
             it
             were
             
               into
               one
               Compound
               Idea
            
             ,
             and
             transmits
             them
             to
             the
             Foetus
             ;
             where
             the
             latter
             easily
             unites
             it self
             with
             the
             
               Formative
               Idea
            
             homogeneous
             to
             it
             ,
             and
             the
             former
             impresses
             itself
             upon
             the
             Part
             ,
             that
             this
             Idea
             resides
             in
             .
          
           
             If
             it
             be
             objected
             ,
             that
             after
             all
             that
             has
             been
             said
             ,
             we
             are
             still
             in
             the
             dark
             about
             
             the
             main
             Point
             ,
             for
             want
             of
             a
             clear
             and
             distinct
             Notion
             of
             the
             Ideas
             so
             often
             mention'd
             .
             I
             answer
             ,
             that
             many
             things
             have
             been
             already
             ,
             and
             some
             more
             yet
             remain
             to
             be
             ,
             deliver'd
             ,
             tending
             to
             clear
             the
             Nature
             of
             those
             Ideas
             ,
             all
             which
             laid
             together
             ,
             and
             attentively
             consider'd
             ,
             may
             go
             a
             great
             way
             in
             assisting
             judicious
             Readers
             ,
             to
             form
             as
             clear
             Notions
             about
             them
             ,
             as
             can
             well
             be
             expected
             in
             so
             abstruse
             a
             Subject
             ,
             as
             the
             
               Generation
               of
               Animals
            
             .
             And
             't
             is
             no
             less
             cefficult
             ,
             if
             not
             much
             more
             ,
             to
             give
             an
             Intelligible
             and
             satisfactory
             explication
             ,
             of
             the
             Nature
             
               of
               Imaginative
               Ideas
            
             ,
             representing
             sesible
             Objects
             in
             the
             Brain
             (
             which
             no
             man
             questions
             the
             reality
             of
             ,
             )
             than
             of
             those
             
               Formative
               Ideas
            
             ,
             that
             the
             Notions
             ,
             here
             propos'd
             about
             Generation
             ,
             are
             built
             upon
             .
             And
             he
             that
             denyes
             the
             later
             ,
             because
             he
             cannot
             be
             distinct
             enough
             in
             his
             Conceptions
             of
             them
             ,
             may
             upon
             the
             same
             ground
             deny
             the
             former
             ,
             yea
             and
             even
             disbelieve
             his
             own
             Eyes
             ,
             when
             he
             sees
             the
             Ideas
             of
             many
             various
             Objects
             transmitted
             through
             a
             small
             hole
             (
             fill'd
             with
             a
             Convex
             Glass
             )
             into
             a
             dark
             Room
             ,
             and
             there
             delineated
             to
             the
             life
             ,
             without
             the
             least
             confusion
             ,
             upon
             a
             piece
             of
             White
             Paper
             ,
             plac'd
             opposite
             to
             the
             hole
             ,
             at
             a
             convenient
             
             distance
             .
             And
             such
             a
             Person
             I
             cannot
             better
             answer
             ,
             than
             by
             recommending
             to
             his
             serious
             Perusal
             ,
             
               A
               Discourse
               of
               things
               above
               Reason
               ,
            
             lately
             Published
             ;
             where
             the
             acute
             and
             judicious
             Author
             very
             convincingly
             proves
             ,
             that
             ,
             't
             is
             highly
             reasonable
             to
             believe
             many
             things
             ,
             that
             our
             Reason
             cannot
             comprehend
             ;
             many
             that
             we
             cannot
             form
             any
             clear
             and
             distinct
             Notions
             of
             ;
             and
             many
             that
             we
             cannot
             reconcile
             to
             other
             unquestionable
             Truths
             .
             For
             the
             Ideas
             ,
             we
             have
             been
             speaking
             of
             ,
             may
             very
             justly
             claim
             a
             place
             in
             the
             second
             of
             the
             three
             ,
             newly
             mention'd
             ,
             Ranks
             of
             
               Priviledg'd
               Things
            
             ,
             which
             that
             Author
             styles
             Inexplicable
             .
             'T
             is
             true
             ,
             that
             profound
             and
             subtil
             Philosopher
             ,
             
               Des
               Cartes
            
             ,
             has
             attempted
             ,
             in
             his
             Book
             
               de
               Homme
            
             ,
             to
             give
             a
             Mechanical
             Account
             of
             the
             Ideas
             ,
             that
             are
             imprinted
             in
             the
             Brain
             by
             insensible
             Objects
             .
             But
             he
             founds
             his
             Notions
             upon
             an
             Hypothesis
             ,
             concerning
             the
             Structure
             of
             the
             Brain
             ,
             and
             the
             Motion
             of
             the
             Spirits
             in
             it
             ,
             which
             tho'
             it
             be
             most
             ingeniously
             devis'd
             ,
             yet
             't
             is
             so
             far
             from
             being
             countenanc'd
             by
             
               Anatomical
               Observations
            
             ,
             that
             it
             seems
             utterly
             inconsistent
             with
             the
             best
             and
             most
             accurate
             ,
             that
             have
             been
             made
             upon
             that
             Part.
             But
             't
             is
             more
             than
             time
             to
             conclude
             this
             Digression
             ,
             and
             proceed
             to
             the
             rest
             of
             our
             Authors
             
             Observations
             about
             the
             Seminal
             Ideas
             of
             Animals
             ,
             and
             particularly
             of
             Man.
             
          
           
             The
             
               Propagation
               of
               Hereditary
               Distempers
            
             (
             such
             as
             the
             Epilepsie
             ,
             Gout
             ,
             Stone
             ,
             Consumption
             )
             from
             Parents
             to
             their
             Children
             ,
             depends
             upon
             this
             :
             That
             the
             seminal
             Idea
             which
             forms
             the
             Lungs
             (
             for
             instance
             )
             of
             the
             Foetus
             ,
             is
             a
             Particle
             of
             that
             Idea
             which
             resided
             in
             the
             Parents
             Lungs
             :
             Which
             is
             to
             be
             understood
             also
             of
             the
             Reins
             ,
             Joynts
             ,
             Brain
             ,
             and
             all
             the
             other
             Parts
             of
             the
             Body
             .
             Hence
             many
             Children
             are
             born
             with
             Moles
             ,
             or
             Spots
             ,
             in
             the
             very
             same
             Parts
             of
             their
             Body
             where
             their
             Parents
             had
             them
             ,
             and
             of
             the
             same
             shape
             ;
             insomuch
             ,
             that
             whole
             Families
             have
             taken
             their
             Names
             from
             the
             Things
             that
             the
             Moles
             ,
             common
             to
             these
             Families
             ,
             were
             observ'd
             to
             resemble
             ,
             as
             the
             
               Cicerones
               ,
               Pisones
               ,
               Lemuli
            
             ,
             &c.
             
             For
             there
             are
             certain
             subtil
             Corpuseles
             ,
             that
             go
             out
             of
             every
             (
             even
             the
             smallest
             )
             Part
             of
             the
             Parents
             Body
             ,
             and
             mingle
             themselves
             with
             the
             Spirituous
             Part
             of
             the
             Blood
             that
             Circulates
             through
             it
             .
             Which
             Effluvia
             ,
             being
             modifi'd
             ,
             and
             as
             it
             were
             figur'd
             ,
             after
             a
             peculiar
             manner
             by
             the
             Part
             they
             come
             from
             ,
             impress
             this
             Modification
             upon
             the
             fore-mention'd
             Spirit
             ;
             which
             Spirit
             ,
             being
             afterwards
             united
             in
             the
             Seed
             with
             
             the
             Ideas
             of
             all
             the
             other
             Parts
             ,
             (
             that
             is
             ,
             the
             Spirits
             come
             from
             every
             Part
             with
             a
             peculiar
             Modification
             impress'd
             upon
             them
             by
             it
             )
             and
             excited
             to
             Motion
             ,
             and
             extricated
             from
             the
             grosser
             Parts
             of
             the
             Seed
             by
             the
             heat
             of
             the
             Womb
             ,
             begins
             to
             form
             ,
             of
             its
             own
             Substance
             ,
             a
             Body
             like
             unto
             that
             Part
             ,
             from
             which
             it
             receiv'd
             the
             Modifications
             impress'd
             upon
             it
             .
             And
             thus
             the
             
               prima
               stamina
            
             of
             the
             Foetus
             are
             form'd
             ;
             which
             are
             nourish'd
             at
             first
             by
             the
             grosser
             Part
             of
             the
             Seed
             ,
             and
             afterwards
             ,
             partly
             by
             the
             Mothers
             Blood
             ,
             and
             partly
             also
             ,
             perhaps
             ,
             by
             the
             Liquor
             contain'd
             in
             the
             Amnos
             or
             inner
             Membrane
             of
             the
             Foetus
             .
             From
             this
             Process
             of
             Generation
             ,
             't
             is
             easie
             to
             understand
             ,
             how
             that
             Disposition
             of
             some
             particular
             Part
             of
             the
             Parents
             Body
             ,
             which
             renders
             Him
             or
             Her
             obnoxious
             to
             any
             particular
             Distemper
             ,
             may
             be
             communicated
             to
             the
             same
             Part
             of
             the
             Foetus
             ,
             and
             render
             it
             obnoxious
             to
             the
             same
             Distemper
             .
             Only
             the
             nature
             of
             the
             Impression
             which
             is
             made
             upon
             the
             Spirit
             that
             forms
             the
             Parts
             of
             the
             Foetus
             ,
             and
             which
             qualifies
             it
             to
             form
             them
             like
             the
             Parts
             of
             the
             Parents
             Body
             which
             it
             came
             from
             ;
             I
             say
             ,
             the
             particular
             nature
             of
             this
             Modification
             remains
             in
             the
             dark
             still
             .
             Nor
             do
             I
             know
             how
             to
             illustrate
             it
             better
             ,
             than
             by
             
             comparing
             it
             to
             that
             which
             is
             little
             less
             obscure
             than
             it self
             ;
             namely
             ,
             the
             Modification
             ,
             which
             the
             
               Rayes
               of
               Light
            
             receive
             by
             being
             Reflected
             from
             various
             Objects
             ,
             and
             
               by
               which
            
             they
             are
             qualifi'd
             ,
             to
             produce
             ,
             in
             a
             darkned
             Room
             ,
             lively
             and
             distinct
             Representations
             of
             each
             of
             those
             Objects
             ,
             both
             as
             to
             their
             Figure
             and
             the
             Colour
             of
             their
             surface
             ;
             and
             't
             is
             from
             the
             surface
             only
             ,
             that
             the
             Rayes
             receiv'd
             this
             Modification
             ,
             whereas
             the
             fore-mention'd
             Effluvia
             come
             from
             all
             the
             innermost
             Recesses
             of
             every
             Part
             ,
             and
             therefore
             from
             the
             correspondent
             Part
             of
             the
             Foetus
             like
             unto
             it
             ,
             not
             only
             in
             Figure
             and
             Colour
             ,
             but
             in
             the
             whole
             Nature
             and
             inward
             Textur
             of
             it
             .
          
           
             That
             the
             Ideas
             of
             all
             the
             Parts
             do
             really
             exist
             in
             the
             Blood
             ,
             appears
             from
             the
             following
             Arguments
             .
             1.
             
             They
             have
             sometimes
             visibly
             appear'd
             in
             the
             Blood
             ,
             receiv'd
             into
             a
             Cucurbit
             immediately
             as
             it
             slows
             out
             of
             the
             Vein
             ,
             (
             whilst
             it
             is
             warm
             and
             turgid
             with
             Spirits
             )
             for
             some
             Medicinal
             Preparation
             :
             See
             
               Borell
               .
               Observ
            
             .
             2.
             
             Some
             ,
             that
             have
             drunk
             the
             Blood
             of
             any
             Animal
             ,
             or
             of
             another
             Man
             ,
             have
             been
             observ'd
             to
             partake
             of
             the
             Nature
             and
             Disposition
             of
             that
             Man
             or
             Animal
             .
             Commodus
             his
             disposition
             was
             owing
             to
             his
             Mother
             ,
             
             who
             ,
             presently
             after
             his
             Conception
             ,
             drank
             the
             Blood
             of
             a
             
               cruel
               Gladiator
            
             that
             she
             was
             desperately
             in
             love
             with
             .
             A
             certain
             Maid
             ,
             having
             drank
             some
             Cats-Blood
             ,
             as
             a
             Remedy
             for
             the
             Epilepsie
             ,
             did
             imitate
             Cats
             in
             her
             voice
             ,
             motion
             and
             Actions
             ,
             when
             the
             Fit
             was
             coming
             upon
             her
             ;
             watching
             silently
             at
             little
             Mouse-holes
             .
             See
             
               Becker
               .
               Microcosm
            
             .
             Therefore
             (
             to
             note
             that
             by
             the
             way
             )
             the
             Transfusion
             of
             Blood
             seems
             not
             a
             safe
             way
             of
             curing
             Diseases
             .
             3.
             
             The
             Spittle
             of
             a
             
               Mad
               Dog
            
             makes
             other
             Dogs
             ,
             Men
             ,
             Horses
             ,
             or
             any
             other
             Animal
             ,
             wounded
             by
             his
             Teeth
             ,
             turn
             mad
             also
             ,
             and
             imitate
             his
             Actions
             and
             Gesticulations
             ,
             such
             as
             
               Barking
               ,
               Grinning
               ,
               Fearfulness
               of
               Water
               ,
            
             &c.
             
             Now
             Spittle
             is
             an
             immediate
             production
             of
             the
             Blood
             that
             circulates
             through
             the
             
               Salivary
               Glandules
            
             ,
             &
             therefore
             must
             have
             receiv'd
             from
             thence
             the
             Ideas
             ,
             that
             it
             infects
             the
             Spirits
             of
             the
             bitten
             Animal
             with
             .
             Also
             other
             
               Venemous
               enraged
               Animals
            
             ,
             as
             the
             Tarantula
             ,
             &c.
             communicate
             such
             Ideas
             by
             the
             little
             Wounds
             that
             their
             Teeth
             make
             in
             the
             Part
             they
             bite
             ,
             as
             transform
             the
             Spirits
             of
             the
             Party
             bitten
             to
             a
             ridiculous
             imitation
             of
             their
             Gesticulations
             .
          
           
             Though
             every
             particular
             Part
             of
             the
             Foetus
             be
             form'd
             ,
             as
             has
             been
             said
             ,
             by
             the
             
             Evolution
             of
             its
             own
             Idea
             ,
             convey'd
             ,
             by
             the
             Circulation
             of
             the
             Blood
             ,
             from
             the
             Correspondent
             Part
             of
             the
             Parents
             Body
             ,
             unto
             the
             Testes
             ,
             where
             the
             Seed
             is
             made
             ;
             yet
             maimed
             Parents
             may
             have
             perfect
             Children
             ;
             namely
             ,
             if
             both
             Father
             and
             Mother
             be
             not
             mutilated
             (
             at
             least
             not
             of
             the
             same
             Parts
             ;
             )
             or
             if
             they
             have
             had
             perfect
             Seed
             in
             store
             ,
             before
             they
             were
             dismembred
             ;
             or
             if
             the
             defect
             of
             the
             
               Architect
               tonic
               Spirit
            
             ,
             that
             should
             have
             come
             to
             the
             Seed
             from
             the
             Part
             that
             is
             deficient
             ,
             be
             suppli'd
             by
             the
             strength
             of
             the
             
               Parents
               Imagination
            
             ;
             who
             by
             seeing
             daily
             other
             Infants
             ,
             Boys
             ,
             Girls
             ,
             Men
             ,
             Women
             ,
             all
             perfect
             ,
             without
             the
             defect
             of
             any
             Part
             ,
             may
             conceive
             so
             firm
             an
             Idea
             of
             a
             perfect
             Foetus
             ,
             as
             will
             (
             by
             the
             Sympathy
             ,
             between
             the
             Imagination
             and
             the
             Seed
             ,
             formerly
             explain'd
             )
             produce
             the
             very
             same
             Modification
             in
             the
             Seed
             ,
             that
             an
             Idea
             ,
             convey'd
             by
             the
             Blood
             from
             the
             deficient
             Part
             ,
             (
             if
             it
             had
             not
             been
             wanting
             )
             would
             have
             done
             .
             For
             the
             Mothers
             Imagination
             may
             not
             only
             add
             to
             the
             Foetus
             a
             Spot
             representing
             the
             Thing
             Imagin'd
             in
             Figure
             and
             Colour
             ,
             but
             even
             the
             very
             
               Thing
               it self
            
             in
             its
             whole
             Nature
             .
             How
             many
             Instances
             are
             there
             of
             Pregnant
             Women
             ,
             that
             have
             conceiv'd
             so
             strong
             an
             Idea
             of
             the
             Horns
             of
             some
             Beast
             that
             has
             
             terrifi'd
             them
             ,
             that
             the
             Impression
             ,
             thereby
             made
             upon
             the
             Foetus
             ,
             has
             produc'd
             (
             not
             a
             Spot
             only
             representing
             it
             ,
             but
             )
             a
             real
             substantial
             Horn
             ,
             though
             ,
             perhaps
             ,
             this
             Cause
             of
             the
             Phaenomenon
             be
             not
             always
             observed
             .
             And
             hence
             it
             is
             ,
             that
             if
             the
             
               Parents
               be
               maimed
               from
               their
               Birth
               ,
            
             their
             Children
             are
             often
             mutilated
             of
             the
             same
             Part
             ,
             because
             they
             cannot
             easily
             conceive
             a
             firm
             Idea
             of
             the
             entireness
             of
             that
             Part
             ,
             which
             they
             never
             felt
             entire
             in
             themselves
             :
             But
             if
             they
             were
             
               dismembred
               long
               after
            
             ,
             they
             can
             easily
             form
             a
             strong
             Idea
             of
             the
             Part
             that
             they
             have
             felt
             entire
             ,
             and
             known
             the
             use
             of
             ,
             in
             themselves
             ,
             and
             so
             supply
             the
             defect
             of
             that
             Idea
             in
             the
             Seed
             .
             'T
             is
             also
             probable
             ,
             that
             the
             
               Mothers
               Imagination
            
             is
             the
             principal
             Cause
             ,
             why
             the
             
               Childs
               Face
            
             sometimes
             resembles
             the
             Fathers
             ,
             sometimes
             the
             Mothers
             ,
             and
             sometimes
             some
             other
             Person
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             Idea
             that
             is
             prevalent
             in
             the
             Mothers
             Brain
             ,
             while
             she
             is
             with
             Child
             .
          
           
             That
             the
             Mother
             (
             as
             well
             as
             the
             Father
             )
             is
             furnish'd
             with
             
               true
               Seed
            
             ,
             endow'd
             with
             the
             Ideas
             of
             the
             Parts
             of
             her
             own
             Body
             (
             as
             well
             as
             the
             Fathers
             is
             with
             the
             Ideas
             of
             his
             )
             and
             consequently
             ,
             that
             she
             does
             contribute
             part
             of
             the
             
               Plastick
               vertue
            
             that
             forms
             the
             Foetus
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             afford
             the
             
             Matter
             of
             which
             it
             is
             form'd
             and
             nourish'd
             in
             the
             Womb
             ,
             appears
             from
             several
             Parts
             of
             the
             foregoing
             Discourse
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             from
             the
             three
             following
             Considerations
             .
             1.
             
             The
             Ideas
             of
             the
             Masculine
             Seed
             can
             only
             be
             taken
             from
             the
             Parts
             of
             the
             Mans
             Body
             ,
             and
             therefore
             can
             never
             form
             the
             Organs
             peculiar
             to
             a
             Woman
             .
             2.
             
             The
             vitious
             Conformation
             of
             any
             Part
             of
             the
             Mothers
             Body
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             of
             the
             Fathers
             ,
             is
             often
             propagated
             to
             the
             Foetus
             .
             3.
             
             When
             a
             Male
             and
             Female
             of
             differing
             Species
             copulate
             ,
             the
             Foetus
             is
             of
             a
             mixt
             kind
             ,
             resembling
             the
             one
             in
             some
             of
             its
             Parts
             ,
             and
             the
             other
             in
             others
             .
             We
             have
             (
             besides
             the
             instance
             of
             Mules
             )
             too
             many
             instances
             of
             this
             in
             the
             Monstrous
             Foetus's
             produc'd
             by
             the
             detestable
             Venery
             of
             some
             Men
             ,
             that
             copulate
             with
             Female
             Brutes
             .
             The
             flowing
             of
             the
             
               Menstruous
               Blood
            
             to
             a
             young
             Womans
             Womb
             ,
             is
             a
             
               sign
               of
               Maturity
            
             ,
             because
             it
             signifies
             ,
             that
             ,
             besides
             the
             Seminal
             Idea
             of
             her
             own
             Sex
             (
             which
             she
             was
             really
             furnish'd
             with
             before
             )
             there
             is
             now
             also
             Aliment
             provided
             for
             the
             Evolution
             of
             that
             Idea
             ,
             whensoever
             it
             comes
             to
             be
             Foecundated
             by
             the
             Masculine
             Seed
             .
          
           
             
               Death
               happens
               ,
               when
               the
               Vital
               Spirit
               (
               or
               Calidum
               innatum
            
             )
             that
             is
             the
             chief
             Mover
             in
             the
             Evolution
             of
             the
             Ideas
             ,
             and
             in
             all
             
             the
             Animal
             Functions
             ,
             
               is
               supp●●ss'd
               or
               extinguish'd
            
             by
             any
             Cause
             whatsoever
             .
             (
             This
             may
             be
             better
             understood
             from
             what
             was
             formerly
             deliver'd
             of
             Abortion
             ,
             which
             is
             nothing
             else
             but
             the
             
               Death
               of
               the
               Foetus
            
             .
             )
             But
             the
             Ideas
             do
             still
             remain
             in
             the
             Cadaver
             ,
             though
             they
             are
             become
             Barren
             for
             want
             of
             the
             
               Moving
               Spirit
            
             ;
             which
             shall
             be
             restor'd
             again
             at
             the
             Resurrection
             ,
             and
             no
             new
             Evolution
             thereby
             made
             ,
             but
             the
             
               entire
               Idea
            
             ,
             as
             it
             was
             already
             unfolded
             at
             the
             time
             of
             Death
             ,
             resuscitated
             or
             animated
             anew
             .
             And
             some
             of
             the
             Spectres
             ,
             that
             are
             seen
             in
             Church-yards
             ,
             may
             be
             nothing
             else
             but
             the
             Ideas
             ,
             remaining
             in
             the
             Human
             Cadavers
             ,
             elevated
             by
             means
             of
             a
             certain
             Central
             Heat
             ,
             which
             would
             be
             seen
             in
             the
             day
             time
             also
             ,
             if
             the
             Light
             of
             the
             Sun
             did
             not
             keep
             them
             from
             appearing
             .
             Serpents
             ,
             cut
             to
             pieces
             and
             putrefi'd
             ,
             breed
             new
             Serpents
             by
             the
             influence
             of
             the
             Sun
             ,
             which
             restores
             to
             the
             quiescent
             Ideas
             that
             moving
             Spirit
             ,
             which
             they
             had
             lost
             by
             Death
             .
             Frogs
             also
             bruis'd
             ,
             in
             the
             Winter
             ,
             and
             resolv'd
             into
             Mud
             ,
             do
             ,
             upon
             the
             same
             account
             ,
             revive
             in
             the
             Summer
             .
             Ducks
             ,
             putrefi'd
             ,
             are
             reported
             to
             breed
             Serpents
             ,
             and
             it
             has
             been
             confirm●d
             to
             the
             Author
             ,
             by
             a
             credible
             eye-witness
             :
             whence
             it
             evidently
             appears
             ,
             that
             the
             seminal
             Ideas
             of
             the
             Serpents
             
             Flesh
             (
             which
             they
             use
             to
             feed
             often
             upon
             )
             have
             not
             been
             totally
             destroy'd
             ,
             even
             by
             so
             many
             Digestions
             ,
             but
             have
             continu'd
             entire
             under
             the
             dominion
             of
             the
             Ducks
             seminal
             
               Ideas
               .
               Swallows
            
             ,
             when
             the
             cold
             Winter
             comes
             ,
             bury
             themselves
             under
             the
             Water
             ,
             where
             they
             continue
             without
             any
             sign
             of
             the
             least
             Motion
             or
             life
             ,
             'till
             the
             returning
             Sun
             inspire
             them
             with
             new
             vital
             Spirit
             ,
             and
             thereby
             raise
             them
             to
             life
             again
             .
             All
             these
             Instances
             do
             strongly
             argue
             the
             possibility
             of
             the
             
               H●●●●●…
               Resurrection
            
             :
             Which
             (
             as
             also
             the
             Authors
             conjectures
             about
             Sp●●●…es
             )
             is
             likewise
             much
             confirm'd
             by
             the
             
               Resuscitation
               of
               Vegetables
            
             ,
             hereafter
             mention'd
             .
          
           
             Naturalists
             observe
             ,
             that
             ,
             in
             some
             Persons
             ,
             the
             Passion
             is
             so
             great
             in
             time
             of
             Coition
             ,
             that
             ,
             for
             the
             present
             ,
             it
             quite
             bereaveth
             them
             of
             the
             use
             of
             Reason
             .
             And
             therefore
             it
             is
             ,
             (
             which
             should
             have
             been
             noted
             before
             )
             that
             the
             Parents
             Imagination
             ,
             at
             that
             time
             ,
             produces
             more
             powerful
             Effects
             in
             the
             Seed
             ,
             than
             the
             same
             Imagination
             ,
             at
             any
             other
             time
             ,
             could
             have
             done
             .
             For
             when
             the
             Animal
             Spirits
             flow
             in
             such
             abundance
             into
             the
             Organs
             of
             Generation
             ,
             any
             Idea
             ,
             that
             is
             very
             strong
             in
             the
             Imagination
             ,
             must
             of
             necessity
             be
             carry'd
             down
             together
             with
             them
             and
             infect
             the
             Seed
             .
             
             But
             I
             have
             already
             insisted
             too
             long
             upon
             this
             Subject
             :
             And
             therefore
             I
             shall
             add
             no
             more
             ,
             but
             pass
             on
             to
             the
             
               Generation
               of
               Vegetables
            
             .
          
           
             Every
             Species
             of
             Vegetables
             has
             its
             own
             particular
             Seed
             .
             The
             
               visible
               Seed
            
             is
             but
             the
             Receptable
             ,
             that
             contains
             ,
             and
             secures
             from
             External
             Injuries
             ,
             the
             
               true
               Seed
            
             or
             Idea
             of
             the
             Plant
             ,
             which
             (
             says
             our
             Author
             )
             all
             sound
             Philosophers
             affirm
             to
             be
             but
             the
             2800
             parts
             of
             its
             own
             Body
             ;
             intimating
             this
             determinate
             Proportion
             ,
             that
             in
             all
             Generations
             the
             true
             Seed
             is
             very
             remote
             from
             any
             sensible
             bulk
             .
             The
             Seminal
             Idea
             of
             every
             Plant
             (
             as
             was
             formerly
             said
             of
             Animals
             )
             consists
             of
             as
             many
             particular
             distinct
             Ideas
             ,
             as
             there
             are
             different
             Parts
             in
             the
             Vegetable
             ,
             all
             together
             representing
             an
             exact
             Model
             of
             the
             entire
             Plant.
             The
             Evolution
             of
             this
             Idea
             is
             perform'd
             in
             this
             manner
             .
             When
             the
             Body
             of
             the
             Seed
             ,
             or
             external
             Capsula
             of
             the
             Seminal
             Ideas
             ,
             begins
             to
             be
             soften'd
             by
             the
             moisture
             of
             the
             Earth
             ,
             so
             that
             the
             Ideas
             may
             take
             up
             a
             larger
             space
             ,
             the
             heat
             of
             the
             Sun
             excites
             the
             innate
             fire
             of
             the
             Seed
             ,
             which
             is
             Congeneal
             to
             it
             ;
             (
             for
             all
             fruitful
             Seeds
             are
             endow'd
             with
             a
             Particle
             of
             that
             universal
             Spirit
             of
             Life
             ,
             which
             is
             the
             Principle
             of
             all
             Vital
             Actions
             ,
             Foecundates
             all
             Seeds
             ,
             
             and
             is
             the
             only
             Mover
             in
             all
             Generations
             :
             )
             and
             which
             being
             ,
             put
             in
             motion
             ,
             begins
             ,
             by
             the
             Coagulative
             vertue
             't
             is
             endow'd
             with
             upon
             the
             account
             of
             its
             Acidity
             ,
             to
             Coagulate
             the
             Water
             that
             is
             at
             hand
             ,
             into
             a
             Substance
             agreeable
             to
             the
             nature
             of
             the
             Ideas
             ,
             and
             fill
             up
             the
             little
             spaces
             of
             the
             Ideas
             with
             it
             :
             Which
             are
             by
             this
             means
             gradually
             explicated
             ,
             'till
             they
             have
             attain'd
             the
             utmost
             Evolution
             that
             they
             are
             capable
             of
             .
             This
             Evolution
             ,
             of
             the
             Ideas
             of
             a
             Vegetable
             seed
             ,
             may
             be
             clearly
             represented
             to
             the
             Eye
             by
             
               Artificial
               Vegetation
            
             ,
             which
             is
             perform'd
             in
             the
             following
             manner
             ,
             according
             to
             Tachenius
             .
          
           
             Take
             the
             ripe
             Seed
             of
             any
             Plant
             ,
             gather'd
             in
             fair
             Weather
             ,
             bruise
             it
             in
             a
             Glass
             Mortar
             ,
             and
             keep
             it
             in
             a
             Glass
             Hermetically
             seal'd
             ,
             of
             a
             shape
             and
             bigness
             answerable
             to
             that
             of
             the
             Plant
             ,
             'till
             you
             observe
             a
             convenient
             Evening
             ,
             when
             Dew
             is
             like
             to
             fall
             ;
             then
             take
             out
             your
             Seed
             ,
             and
             expose
             it
             all
             night
             upon
             a
             Plate
             of
             Glass
             ,
             that
             it
             may
             be
             wet
             with
             Dew
             ;
             but
             be
             sure
             to
             seal
             it
             up
             again
             before
             Sun-rise
             ,
             with
             a
             solution
             of
             the
             
               Salt
               of
               Dew
            
             ,
             in
             its
             own
             distill'd
             Liquour
             pour'd
             upon
             it
             to
             the
             heighth
             of
             three
             fingers
             breadth
             .
             Expose
             this
             seal'd
             Glass
             to
             the
             Rayes
             of
             the
             Sun
             and
             Moon
             in
             fair
             Weather
             ,
             and
             keep
             it
             in
             a
             warm
             Fire-room
             in
             
             rainy
             Weather
             .
             After
             some
             days
             the
             Seed
             will
             appear
             like
             a
             Mucilage
             ,
             and
             the
             supernatant
             D●w
             will
             be
             of
             a
             Green
             Colour
             saturate
             according
             to
             the
             nature
             of
             the
             seed
             ,
             and
             coverd
             over
             with
             a
             skin
             or
             divers
             Colours
             .
             When
             these
             signs
             are
             compleat
             ,
             if
             you
             heat
             the
             Glass
             ,
             you
             shall
             see
             a
             perfect
             lively
             Idea
             of
             the
             Plant
             rise
             up
             within
             it
             ,
             which
             will
             disappear
             again
             when
             the
             Glass
             is
             remov'd
             from
             the
             Heat
             .
             This
             odd
             Phaenomenon
             depends
             upon
             a
             Particle
             of
             the
             
               Vniversal
               Spirit
            
             contain'd
             in
             the
             Dew
             ,
             which
             excites
             the
             
               innate
               Spirit
            
             of
             the
             Seed
             to
             an
             occult
             Fermentation
             ,
             whereby
             the
             Idea
             is
             freed
             from
             its
             external
             earthy
             Receptacle
             ,
             so
             that
             it
             may
             be
             elevated
             by
             the
             application
             of
             external
             Heat
             ,
             leaving
             the
             heavy
             terrestrial
             Particles
             behind
             .
             But
             the
             Author
             does
             not
             give
             credit
             to
             the
             Experiment
             ,
             that
             some
             pretend
             to
             ,
             of
             elevating
             this
             Idea
             from
             the
             Ashes
             of
             a
             Plant
             ;
             because
             the
             Calcination
             drives
             away
             that
             Spirit
             ,
             which
             is
             the
             immediate
             Receptacle
             of
             the
             Idea
             of
             the
             Plant.
             The
             foremention'd
             
               Salt
               of
               Dew
            
             is
             made
             by
             Filtring
             and
             Distilling
             the
             Dew
             'till
             it
             leave
             no
             more
             Faeces
             ,
             then
             Calcining
             the
             Faeces
             ,
             and
             Extracting
             the
             Salt
             from
             them
             ,
             which
             is
             to
             be
             dissolv'd
             in
             the
             Distill'd
             Dew
             ,
             and
             so
             pour'd
             on
             upon
             the
             Seed
             ,
             as
             above
             .
          
           
           
             In
             the
             last
             place
             ,
             
               Minerals
               also
               are
               endow'd
               with
               Seminal
               Particles
               .
            
             For
             though
             they
             be
             not
             made
             up
             of
             so
             many
             dissimular
             Parts
             ,
             and
             of
             distinct
             Organs
             ,
             as
             Vegetables
             ,
             and
             especially
             Animals
             are
             ;
             and
             consequently
             ,
             though
             we
             cannot
             suppose
             any
             Ideas
             in
             them
             consisting
             of
             Integral
             Organical
             Parts
             :
             Yet
             they
             have
             a
             certain
             
               Seminal
               Ferment
            
             ,
             which
             ,
             in
             Metals
             particularly
             ,
             is
             evident
             enough
             ;
             for
             't
             is
             this
             Ferment
             that
             
               converts
               Mercury
               into
               a
               Metalline
               Substance
               .
            
             Therefore
             ,
             
               Iron
               Mines
            
             ,
             that
             have
             been
             almost
             quite
             exhausted
             ,
             are
             after
             some
             years
             found
             as
             rich
             in
             the
             Oar
             as
             they
             were
             at
             first
             .
             And
             the
             same
             thing
             is
             observ'd
             in
             Tin
             ,
             (
             and
             likewise
             in
             Nitre
             .
             )
             And
             such
             a
             Seminal
             Power
             there
             is
             in
             common
             Gold
             ,
             though
             this
             Metal
             be
             unfit
             to
             impregnate
             other
             Metals
             therewith
             ,
             and
             consequently
             improper
             for
             the
             Grand
             Philosophical
             work
             of
             Transmutation
             ;
             because
             its
             Sulphur
             ,
             being
             once
             Coagulated
             ,
             loses
             all
             Power
             of
             Motion
             for
             the
             future
             ,
             and
             therefore
             is
             unfruitful
             and
             dead
             .
             But
             't
             was
             this
             same
             
               Seminal
               Sulphur
            
             ,
             that
             ,
             when
             the
             Gold
             was
             produc'd
             ,
             did
             Coagulate
             it self
             with
             Mercury
             ,
             and
             thereby
             convert
             it
             into
             Gold.
             And
             there
             appears
             not
             any
             solid
             Reason
             against
             the
             possibility
             of
             the
             Transmutation
             so
             much
             sought
             after
             ;
             since
             ,
             
             though
             Seeds
             cannot
             be
             converted
             into
             other
             Seeds
             ,
             yet
             those
             ,
             that
             are
             endow'd
             with
             a
             weaker
             Mover
             ,
             may
             be
             overcome
             by
             ,
             and
             brought
             under
             the
             Dominion
             ,
             of
             such
             Seeds
             as
             are
             furnished
             with
             a
             stronger
             .
          
           
             And
             now
             having
             establish'd
             the
             Material
             and
             
               Formal
               Principles
            
             of
             Natural
             Bodies
             ,
             the
             Efficient
             only
             remains
             to
             be
             consider'd
             .
          
        
         
           
             Prop.
             XVIII
             .
          
           
             The
             chief
             Mover
             (
             under
             God
             )
             of
             all
             Natural
             Bodies
             ,
             that
             
               actuates
               and
               foecundates
               all
               Animal
               ,
               Vegetable
               and
               Mineral
               Seeds
            
             ;
             that
             
               Coagulates
               Elementary
               Water
               into
               all
               sorts
               of
               Bodies
               ,
               according
               to
               the
               various
            
             Ideas
             
               of
               those
               Seeds
            
             ;
             that
             
               applies
               the
               same
               Water
               to
               those
            
             Ideas
             
               ,
               and
               in
               a
               word
               ,
               the
               chief
               Efficient
               in
               all
               the
            
             Phaenomena
             
               of
               Nature
            
             ,
             is
             a
             certain
             subtil
             Spirit
             of
             an
             Igneous
             nature
             ,
             diffus'd
             through
             the
             whole
             visible
             World
             ,
             but
             chiefly
             treasur'd
             up
             at
             the
             Center
             thereof
             in
             the
             Sun.
             
          
           
             N.B.
             [
             1.
             
             BY
             Spirit
             here
             ,
             is
             not
             meant
             an
             Immaterial
             Substance
             ,
             but
             a
             Body
             consisting
             of
             very
             Minute
             and
             very
             Active
             Particles
             ,
             peculiarly
             fitted
             for
             Motion
             ,
             and
             endow'd
             with
             a
             great
             measure
             of
             it
             .
             2.
             
             By
             the
             
               visible
               World
            
             ,
             I
             understand
             here
             ,
             that
             part
             of
             the
             Corporeal
             
             Universe
             which
             contains
             the
             Earth
             with
             the
             other
             six
             Planets
             ,
             and
             makes
             up
             one
             great
             Vortex
             ,
             whereof
             the
             Sun
             is
             the
             Center
             .
             As
             for
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Universe
             ,
             it
             is
             altogether
             unknown
             to
             us
             ,
             only
             ,
             as
             that
             most
             ingenious
             conjecture
             of
             the
             incomparable
             
               Des
               Cartes
            
             concerning
             it
             ,
             is
             very
             likely
             to
             be
             true
             ;
             namely
             ,
             that
             
               every
               one
               of
               the
               fixt
               Stars
               ,
               we
               see
               ,
               is
               the
               Center
               and
               Sun
               ,
               as
               't
               were
               ,
               of
               a
               distinct
               Vortex
               :
            
             So
             't
             is
             no
             less
             likely
             ,
             that
             each
             of
             them
             has
             the
             same
             relation
             to
             its
             own
             Vortex
             ,
             and
             the
             same
             Influence
             upon
             the
             Planets
             ,
             or
             whatever
             Bodies
             they
             are
             which
             it
             contains
             ,
             that
             the
             Sun
             has
             to
             our
             Vortex
             ,
             and
             upon
             the
             Bodies
             comprehended
             there
             in
             particularly
             the
             
               Terraqueous
               Globe
            
             .
             And
             though
             this
             Part
             of
             our
             Authors
             Hypothesis
             concerning
             the
             
               Anima
               Mundi
            
             or
             
               Vniversal
               Spirit
            
             ,
             may
             be
             applicable
             in
             the
             sense
             newly
             explain'd
             ,
             to
             the
             whole
             Universe
             of
             Bodies
             ,
             yet
             his
             other
             Principles
             of
             Water
             and
             Seeds
             are
             not
             so
             comprehensive
             ;
             and
             whatever
             he
             says
             of
             them
             ,
             must
             be
             limited
             to
             the
             Bodies
             contain'd
             in
             this
             little
             Point
             of
             the
             Universe
             ,
             that
             the
             Almighty
             Creator
             has
             given
             to
             Mankind
             for
             an
             Habitation
             .
             And
             the
             truth
             is
             ,
             we
             have
             but
             little
             certain
             knowledg
             of
             the
             other
             Parts
             of
             the
             World
             ,
             and
             that
             little
             we
             have
             is
             very
             
             superficial
             .
             ]
             3.
             
             
               This
               Vniversal
               Spirit
               is
               actually
               Igneous
               in
               its
               Fountain
               ,
               the
               Sun
            
             ;
             and
             after
             it
             is
             incorporated
             in
             Terrestrial
             Bodies
             ,
             even
             the
             coldest
             of
             them
             ,
             it
             differs
             but
             in
             the
             slower
             Motion
             of
             its
             Particles
             from
             actual
             Fire
             ,
             and
             therefore
             ,
             when-ever
             they
             are
             put
             into
             a
             rapid
             motion
             ,
             it
             turns
             into
             actual
             Fire
             again
             .
             And
             those
             Particles
             of
             Combustible
             Bodies
             ,
             that
             ,
             being
             in
             a
             vehement
             Agitation
             ,
             do
             chiefly
             constitute
             our
             
               Culinary
               Fire
            
             ,
             were
             once
             Particles
             of
             this
             
               Vniversal
               Spirit
            
             ,
             and
             came
             Originally
             from
             the
             Sun.
             4.
             
             
               This
               is
               the
               Spirit
               that
               mov'd
               upon
               the
               Water
               at
               the
               beginning
               of
               the
               Creation
               .
            
             For
             when
             God
             created
             the
             Matter
             of
             which
             he
             intended
             to
             form
             this
             Terraqueous
             Globe
             ,
             namely
             ,
             a
             great
             Mass
             of
             simple
             Elementary
             Water
             ,
             he
             endow'd
             it
             with
             all
             sorts
             of
             Seeds
             ,
             and
             made
             use
             of
             this
             Spirit
             to
             Coagulate
             a
             great
             part
             of
             the
             foresaid
             Mass
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             Signatures
             of
             those
             Seeds
             ,
             into
             Mineral
             ,
             Vegetable
             and
             Animal
             Bodies
             of
             all
             kinds
             .
             [
             And
             the
             Word
             in
             the
             Original
             ,
             which
             our
             Translators
             render
             Mov'd
             ,
             seems
             to
             agree
             very
             well
             with
             this
             Hypothesis
             :
             For
             it
             properly
             belongs
             to
             Birds
             sitting
             upon
             and
             fluttering
             over
             their
             Eggs
             and
             young
             ones
             ,
             to
             excite
             ,
             quicken
             and
             foecundate
             the
             Seed
             contain'd
             in
             the
             Eggs
             ,
             and
             so
             bring
             forth
             the
             
             young
             ones
             ;
             and
             to
             cherish
             them
             when
             they
             are
             brought
             forth
             :
             so
             that
             ,
             in
             this
             place
             ,
             the
             Word
             may
             be
             very
             reasonably
             suppos'd
             to
             imply
             ,
             that
             the
             
               Vital
               Spirit
            
             ,
             which
             God
             had
             Created
             ,
             did
             ,
             as
             't
             were
             ,
             sit
             upon
             ,
             and
             move
             it self
             in
             the
             Waters
             ,
             to
             actuate
             the
             Seeds
             they
             contain'd
             ,
             and
             by
             this
             means
             Hatch'd
             ,
             as
             't
             were
             ,
             and
             brought
             forth
             the
             after-mention'd
             Bodies
             .
             ]
             5.
             
             Tho'
             this
             Spirit
             ,
             by
             Coagulating
             the
             Elementary
             Water
             into
             several
             Bodies
             ,
             was
             it self
             Coagulated
             and
             Incorporated
             together
             with
             it
             ,
             and
             tho'
             it
             has
             been
             propagated
             to
             all
             sorts
             of
             Bodies
             that
             have
             been
             produc'd
             ,
             by
             Generation
             ,
             ever
             since
             the
             
               Terraqueous
               Globe
            
             was
             first
             Created
             ;
             so
             that
             every
             fruitful
             Seed
             has
             a
             Particle
             of
             this
             
               quickning
               Spirit
            
             connate
             with
             it
             :
             Yet
             this
             Particle
             is
             not
             sufficient
             to
             accomplish
             the
             Evolution
             of
             the
             seminal
             Ideas
             ,
             and
             actuate
             the
             Body
             in
             all
             the
             Functions
             that
             belong
             to
             it
             ,
             unless
             it
             be
             maintain'd
             ,
             corroborated
             ,
             and
             multipli'd
             by
             constant
             fresh
             supplies
             ,
             from
             that
             
               Inexhaustible
               Treasure
               of
               this
               Vital
               Fire
               ,
            
             which
             is
             plac'd
             in
             the
             Sun
             ;
             and
             thence
             diffus'd
             ,
             with
             the
             Rayes
             of
             that
             glorious
             Body
             ,
             to
             all
             Parts
             of
             the
             visible
             World
             ,
             and
             particularly
             to
             the
             
               Terraqueous
               Globe
            
             ,
             where
             it
             maintains
             and
             actuates
             the
             fore-mention'd
             
             
               Native
               Spirit
            
             of
             all
             Animals
             ,
             Vegetables
             and
             Minerals
             .
             6.
             
             The
             
               Vital
               Substance
            
             ,
             that
             flows
             continually
             from
             the
             Sun
             ,
             is
             equally
             capable
             of
             all
             Forms
             ,
             and
             unites
             it self
             indifferently
             with
             all
             Seeds
             .
             But
             when
             't
             is
             once
             united
             ,
             it
             loses
             its
             indifferency
             ,
             and
             is
             specifi'd
             according
             to
             the
             determinate
             nature
             of
             every
             particular
             Seed
             that
             it
             incorporates
             with
             .
             Hence
             the
             Sulphurs
             of
             Vegetables
             are
             quite
             different
             from
             those
             of
             Animals
             ,
             and
             both
             from
             the
             Sulphurs
             of
             Minerals
             ;
             nor
             can
             they
             be
             transmuted
             into
             one
             another
             by
             humane
             Art
             :
             So
             streightly
             does
             the
             
               Vniversal
               Spirit
            
             unite
             it self
             with
             particular
             Seeds
             .
             The
             reason
             of
             this
             so
             close
             an
             union
             ,
             is
             ,
             because
             the
             Native
             pre-existent
             in
             every
             Seed
             ,
             is
             of
             the
             same
             Spirit
             Nature
             and
             Original
             with
             this
             
               Vniversal
               Spirit
            
             .
          
           
             As
             for
             the
             Proof
             of
             the
             Proposition
             hitherto
             explained
             ,
             the
             
               Vniversal
               Spirit
            
             ,
             asserted
             in
             it
             ,
             is
             manifest
             ,
             1.
             
             From
             the
             absolute
             
               necessity
               of
               constant
               Respiration
            
             to
             Men
             ,
             and
             most
             other
             Animals
             ;
             for
             hence
             it
             is
             evident
             ,
             that
             there
             is
             a
             certain
             
               Vital
               Substance
            
             in
             the
             Air
             ,
             that
             they
             cannot
             live
             a
             Minute
             without
             fresh
             supplies
             of
             ,
             now
             that
             the
             Air
             is
             but
             the
             Vehicle
             of
             this
             
               Vital
               Substance
            
             ,
             flowing
             continually
             from
             the
             Sun
             ,
             and
             the
             Medium
             ,
             through
             which
             it
             is
             
             convey'd
             to
             sublunary
             Bodies
             ,
             shall
             be
             prov'd
             hereafter
             .
             So
             that
             it
             must
             be
             the
             
               Vniversal
               Spirit
            
             ,
             cloath'd
             with
             Air
             ,
             that
             is
             constantly
             receiv'd
             into
             the
             Lungs
             by
             Inspiration
             ,
             and
             thence
             transmitted
             to
             the
             Heart
             ;
             which
             (
             being
             the
             chief
             
               Fountain
               of
               the
               Animal
               Life
            
             ,
             that
             constantly
             diffuses
             a
             
               Vital
               Spirit
            
             through
             the
             Arteries
             ,
             together
             with
             the
             Blood
             ,
             to
             all
             Parts
             of
             the
             Body
             ,
             and
             thereby
             maintains
             and
             cherishes
             the
             
               Native
               Heat
               and
               Vital
               Spirit
            
             residing
             in
             each
             of
             them
             )
             must
             have
             constant
             supplies
             from
             the
             
               Vniversal
               Spirit
            
             ,
             to
             Corroborate
             ,
             Maintain
             ,
             and
             Multiply
             its
             own
             
               Particular
               Spirit
            
             .
             For
             the
             
               Vniversal
               Spirit
            
             ,
             that
             flows
             from
             the
             Sun
             to
             all
             Parts
             of
             the
             Macrocosm
             ,
             is
             of
             the
             same
             Nature
             with
             this
             
               Particular
               Spirit
            
             ,
             that
             flows
             from
             the
             Heart
             to
             all
             Parts
             of
             the
             Microcosm
             ,
             and
             is
             therefore
             very
             fit
             to
             nourish
             and
             support
             it
             with
             constant
             new
             supplies
             .
             2.
             
             The
             same
             
               Vniversal
               Spirit
            
             is
             no
             less
             evident
             from
             what
             has
             been
             deliver'd
             under
             the
             former
             Proposition
             ,
             concerning
             the
             
               Generation
               of
               Animals
            
             .
             To
             which
             I
             shall
             only
             add
             ,
             that
             Nature
             has
             solicitously
             provided
             to
             secure
             the
             Seed
             from
             External
             Air
             ,
             because
             ,
             if
             it
             were
             expos'd
             but
             a
             moment
             to
             the
             Air
             ,
             the
             
               Vniversal
               Spirit
            
             ,
             that
             dwells
             there
             ,
             would
             instantly
             suck
             up
             (
             so
             to
             speak
             )
             the
             
             Congeneal
             Spirit
             that
             foecundates
             the
             Seed
             ,
             as
             not
             being
             yet
             incorporated
             .
             [
             Wherefore
             the
             Seed
             ,
             of
             
               Oviparous
               Animals
            
             ,
             is
             carefully
             shut
             up
             from
             the
             Contact
             of
             the
             External
             Air
             within
             the
             Egg.
             And
             in
             
               Viviparous
               Animals
            
             ,
             presently
             after
             the
             Injection
             of
             the
             
               Masculine
               Seed
            
             into
             the
             Womb
             ,
             and
             the
             Union
             thereof
             with
             the
             Feminine
             ,
             ]
             the
             Orifice
             of
             that
             Part
             is
             exactly
             clos'd
             ,
             and
             the
             two
             united
             Spirits
             do
             presently
             fall
             to
             Work
             ,
             and
             begin
             the
             Evolution
             of
             the
             seminal
             Ideas
             ,
             and
             the
             Apposition
             of
             Aliment
             thereunto
             .
             But
             this
             Work
             could
             never
             be
             accomplish'd
             ,
             nay
             ,
             nor
             even
             begun
             ,
             unless
             the
             
               seminal
               Spirit
            
             were
             excited
             ,
             cherish'd
             ,
             corroborated
             ,
             and
             supported
             by
             the
             Heat
             of
             the
             Womb
             ,
             [
             and
             by
             constant
             supplies
             of
             the
             Mothers
             
               Vital
               Spirit
            
             ,
             convey'd
             ,
             with
             the
             Arterial
             Blood
             ,
             from
             her
             Heart
             to
             the
             
               Placenta
               Vterina
            
             ,
             and
             thence
             transmitted
             ,
             through
             the
             
               Vmbilical
               Vein
            
             ,
             into
             the
             
               Vena
               Cava
            
             ,
             and
             so
             into
             the
             Heart
             of
             the
             Foetus
             ,
             which
             is
             the
             
               Centre
               of
               Evolution
            
             ,
             and
             the
             chief
             Spring
             of
             all
             the
             
               Animal
               Actions
            
             ,
             both
             in
             and
             out
             of
             the
             Womb
             :
             But
             no
             sooner
             is
             the
             Foetus
             separated
             from
             the
             Mother
             ,
             and
             thereby
             depriv'd
             of
             the
             supplies
             that
             the
             
               Vital
               Spirits
            
             ,
             residing
             in
             the
             Heart
             ,
             receiv'd
             from
             her
             in
             the
             Womb
             ,
             than
             it
             begins
             
             to
             draw
             supplies
             for
             maintaining
             of
             the
             same
             
               Vital
               Substance
            
             ,
             from
             the
             
               Vniversal
               Spirit
            
             lodg'd
             in
             the
             Air
             ,
             as
             was
             said
             before
             .
             3.
             
             'T
             is
             the
             
               Vital
               Spirit
            
             residing
             in
             every
             particular
             Part
             of
             the
             Human
             ,
             or
             any
             other
             Animals
             Body
             ,
             maintain'd
             by
             the
             Influence
             of
             the
             
               Vniversal
               Spirit
               convey'd
            
             with
             the
             Air
             ,
             by
             Respiration
             ,
             into
             the
             Lungs
             ,
             and
             from
             thence
             communicated
             ,
             by
             means
             of
             the
             
               Circulation
               of
               the
               Blood
            
             ,
             first
             to
             the
             Heart
             ,
             and
             ,
             from
             that
             ,
             to
             the
             
               whole
               Body
            
             ;
             ]
             't
             is
             this
             Spirit
             ,
             I
             say
             ,
             that
             Coagulates
             the
             Fluid
             Blood
             into
             the
             solid
             substance
             of
             that
             Part
             ,
             and
             is
             the
             true
             Efficient
             of
             all
             the
             Vital
             Functions
             belonging
             to
             it
             .
             [
             Those
             Animals
             that
             are
             destitute
             of
             Lungs
             ,
             are
             nevertheless
             endow'd
             with
             Organs
             of
             Resparation
             of
             an
             equivalent
             use
             .
             For
             that
             excellent
             Anatomist
             ,
             Malpigius
             ,
             has
             happily
             discover'd
             ,
             that
             those
             
               blackish
               Points
            
             ,
             which
             we
             observe
             in
             Insects
             ,
             all
             along
             the
             length
             of
             their
             Body
             ,
             on
             both
             sides
             ,
             are
             really
             
               the
               Orifices
            
             of
             so
             many
             Tracheas
             or
             Wind-Pipes
             ,
             which
             convey
             the
             Air
             into
             the
             Stomach
             ,
             Spinal
             Marrow
             ,
             and
             all
             the
             other
             Bowels
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             the
             Heart
             ,
             so
             that
             the
             Air
             has
             immediate
             access
             to
             seed
             the
             
               Vital
               Spirit
            
             that
             resides
             in
             each
             of
             them
             ,
             because
             there
             is
             no
             Circulation
             of
             the
             Alimentary
             Juice
             in
             these
             Animals
             ;
             
             or
             if
             there
             be
             ,
             it
             is
             too
             slow
             to
             convey
             sufficient
             supplyes
             of
             the
             
               Vniversal
               Spirit
            
             from
             any
             one
             Part
             to
             all
             the
             rest
             ,
             as
             it
             doth
             from
             the
             Heart
             and
             Lungs
             in
             perfect
             Animals
             .
             And
             the
             constant
             ingress
             and
             egress
             of
             the
             Air
             by
             these
             little
             Holes
             ,
             is
             so
             necessary
             to
             the
             life
             of
             Insects
             ,
             that
             if
             you
             immerge
             their
             whole
             Body
             into
             Oyl
             ,
             or
             but
             anoint
             these
             little
             spots
             with
             it
             ,
             they
             presently
             dye
             ;
             whereas
             if
             you
             anoint
             only
             the
             Intervals
             with
             Oyl
             ,
             without
             touching
             these
             little
             Holes
             ,
             they
             receive
             no
             harm
             .
             And
             tho'
             Fishes
             have
             no
             Lungs
             nor
             Air
             Pipes
             ,
             because
             they
             live
             in
             the
             Water
             ;
             yet
             instead
             thereof
             they
             have
             Gils
             ,
             which
             are
             Dilated
             and
             Contracted
             by
             a
             perpetual
             Reciprocation
             ,
             to
             give
             ingress
             and
             egress
             to
             the
             Water
             ,
             as
             the
             Lungs
             of
             other
             Animals
             are
             to
             Inspire
             and
             Exspire
             the
             Air.
             Nor
             can
             Fishes
             live
             without
             Water
             ,
             any
             more
             than
             Land-Animals
             can
             do
             without
             Air.
             Whence
             't
             is
             highly
             probable
             ,
             that
             the
             former
             receive
             constant
             supplyes
             of
             some
             
               vital
               substance
            
             from
             the
             Water
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             the
             later
             do
             from
             the
             Air
             :
             especially
             if
             we
             farther
             consider
             ,
             that
             the
             
               Vital
               Liquor
            
             Circulates
             through
             the
             Gils
             of
             the
             one
             by
             the
             Ramifications
             of
             their
             
               Arteria
               Bronchialis
            
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             it
             do's
             through
             the
             Lungs
             of
             the
             other
             by
             those
             of
             the
             
               Arteria
               
               Pulmonaris
            
             .
             Wherefore
             ,
             if
             in
             Land-Animals
             the
             said
             
               Vital
               Liquor
            
             divide
             it self
             into
             little
             Rivulets
             in
             its
             passage
             through
             the
             Lungs
             ,
             that
             every
             part
             thereof
             may
             at
             each
             Circulation
             receive
             fresh
             supples
             of
             
               Vital
               Spirit
            
             from
             the
             Air
             ,
             that
             is
             diffus'd
             through
             the
             whole
             substance
             of
             those
             Respiratory
             Organs
             ,
             by
             the
             numerous
             Ramifications
             of
             the
             Wind-pipe
             ;
             if
             this
             be
             so
             ,
             I
             say
             ,
             (
             as
             we
             formerly
             prov'd
             it
             to
             be
             )
             we
             may
             very
             reasonably
             suppose
             ,
             that
             in
             Fishes
             the
             same
             
               Vital
               Liquor
               Circulates
            
             in
             like
             manner
             through
             the
             Gils
             ,
             that
             it
             may
             receive
             constant
             fresh
             supplies
             of
             a
             
               vital
               substance
            
             from
             the
             Water
             ,
             that
             washes
             the
             Gils
             perpetually
             .
             N.
             B.
             The
             Gils
             of
             
               Crusted
               Fish
            
             ,
             as
             Lobsters
             ,
             &c.
             and
             of
             Shell-fish
             ,
             as
             Oysters
             ,
             &c.
             are
             spongious
             ,
             and
             not
             only
             receive
             the
             Water
             into
             all
             their
             innermost
             parts
             (
             where
             it
             communicates
             with
             the
             numerous
             Vessels
             ,
             that
             diffuse
             the
             Vital
             Liquor
             through
             the
             whole
             substance
             of
             the
             Gils
             )
             but
             give
             it
             a
             Passage
             also
             into
             all
             the
             
               Internal
               Cavities
            
             of
             the
             Body
             ,
             where
             it
             is
             laid
             up
             as
             in
             Bottles
             ,
             to
             supply
             the
             foresaid
             Fishes
             with
             
               Vital
               Spirit
            
             ,
             when
             the
             Ebbing
             of
             the
             Sea
             leaves
             them
             in
             sicco
             :
             whereas
             the
             Gils
             of
             
               sanguineous
               Fishes
            
             that
             live
             constantly
             in
             the
             Water
             ,
             are
             
               not
               spongious
            
             ,
             and
             the
             Water
             washes
             only
             
             their
             outward
             surfaces
             without
             penetrating
             any
             farther
             .
             But
             instead
             of
             enlarging
             any
             more
             upon
             this
             point
             ,
             I
             shall
             refer
             the
             curious
             Reader
             to
             Dr.
             
             Willis's
             
               Book
               of
               the
               soul
               of
               Brutes
               ,
               Chap.
            
             3.
             where
             he
             will
             find
             it
             very
             fully
             and
             accurately
             handled
             .
             ]
             4.
             
             The
             Existence
             of
             an
             
               Vniversal
               Spirit
            
             is
             evident
             from
             what
             has
             been
             said
             concerning
             the
             Growth
             of
             Vegetables
             .
             For
             't
             is
             a
             Particle
             of
             this
             Spirit
             in
             the
             seed
             ,
             excited
             ,
             strengthn'd
             and
             maintain'd
             by
             the
             
               Suns
               Vital
               Influence
            
             ,
             that
             Explicates
             the
             
               Seminal
               Idea
            
             ,
             and
             Coagulates
             the
             Water
             into
             solid
             substances
             ,
             as
             Wood
             ,
             Bark
             ,
             &c.
             which
             could
             never
             be
             produc'd
             out
             of
             simple
             Water
             without
             this
             
               Coagulating
               Spirit
            
             .
             5.
             
             The
             same
             Argument
             may
             with
             equal
             ,
             if
             not
             greater
             ,
             force
             be
             applied
             to
             Minerals
             ,
             and
             especially
             to
             Metals
             ,
             which
             ,
             tho'
             they
             be
             the
             solidest
             substances
             yet
             known
             ,
             are
             nevertheless
             made
             of
             Mercury
             ,
             which
             of
             all
             Liquors
             is
             the
             most
             fluid
             .
          
           
             In
             the
             next
             place
             ,
             To
             evince
             that
             
               the
               Sun
               is
               the
               chief
               Fountain
               of
               this
               Vniversal
               Spirit
               ,
            
             I
             need
             only
             put
             the
             Reader
             in
             mind
             of
             what
             was
             formerly
             observ'd
             concerning
             
               vegetable
               seeds
            
             ;
             namely
             ,
             that
             they
             would
             be
             perpetually
             barren
             ,
             if
             their
             
               Native
               Spirit
            
             were
             not
             actuated
             by
             that
             vital
             substance
             
             which
             is
             every
             where
             diffus'd
             with
             the
             
               Rayes
               of
               the
               Sun.
            
             But
             to
             confirm
             this
             a
             little
             farther
             ,
             't
             is
             evident
             beyond
             contradiction
             ,
             that
             
               the
               Growth
               of
               Vegetables
               depends
               upon
               the
               Influences
               of
               the
               Sun
               ,
            
             since
             the
             different
             Seasons
             of
             the
             Solar
             Year
             have
             so
             constant
             and
             so
             powerful
             Effects
             upon
             them
             .
             For
             in
             Winter
             the
             Influence
             of
             the
             Sun
             is
             very
             weak
             ,
             because
             of
             the
             Obliquity
             of
             his
             Rayes
             ,
             and
             the
             shortness
             of
             the
             dayes
             :
             and
             therefore
             Seeds
             lye
             dormant
             in
             the
             Earth
             without
             any
             motion
             :
             Herbs
             fade
             and
             wither
             ,
             or
             dye
             totally
             :
             Trees
             are
             depriv'd
             of
             their
             Leaves
             and
             lively
             Verdure
             ,
             shoot
             forth
             no
             Twigs
             ,
             produce
             no
             Blossoms
             ,
             bear
             no
             Fruit
             ,
             and
             in
             a
             word
             cease
             from
             all
             Vital
             Actions
             .
             Yea
             many
             Animals
             themselves
             loose
             much
             of
             their
             Vigour
             ,
             and
             some
             of
             them
             (
             such
             as
             
               Flyes
               ,
               Frogs
               ,
               Swallows
            
             ,
             &c.
             )
             lye
             dead
             ,
             as
             it
             were
             ,
             all
             the
             Winter
             long
             ,
             in
             Chinks
             of
             Walls
             ,
             or
             in
             Cavities
             of
             the
             Earth
             ,
             or
             under
             Water
             ,
             without
             any
             motion
             ,
             Sense
             ,
             or
             the
             least
             appearance
             of
             Life
             :
             But
             when
             the
             Sun
             comes
             to
             be
             more
             vertical
             ,
             and
             the
             Dayes
             grow
             longer
             ,
             every
             thing
             capable
             of
             Life
             is
             quickn'd
             or
             reviv'd
             ;
             and
             the
             whole
             Face
             of
             the
             Earth
             ,
             that
             look'd
             dead
             and
             lifeless
             before
             ,
             appears
             fresh
             ,
             verdant
             ,
             lively
             ,
             and
             quite
             new
             ,
             insomuch
             
             that
             't
             is
             astonishing
             to
             behold
             so
             vast
             an
             alteration
             :
             the
             
               Vital
               Spirit
            
             remaining
             in
             the
             Roots
             of
             such
             Herbs
             ,
             as
             did
             not
             quite
             dye
             in
             the
             preceeding
             Winter
             ,
             being
             Reviv'd
             ,
             Excited
             to
             Motion
             and
             Corroborated
             ,
             falls
             to
             work
             afresh
             ,
             and
             produces
             new
             Stalks
             ,
             Leaves
             ,
             Flowers
             ,
             Seed
             ,
             Fruit
             ,
             &c.
             the
             
               Vital
               Spirit
            
             that
             had
             in
             a
             great
             measure
             retir'd
             from
             the
             Branches
             of
             Trees
             into
             their
             Roots
             and
             Body
             ,
             explicates
             it self
             anew
             ,
             restores
             their
             fresh
             and
             lively
             Verdure
             ,
             and
             adorns
             them
             with
             new
             Leaves
             ,
             Twigs
             ,
             Buds
             ,
             Blossoms
             ,
             Fruit
             ,
             &c.
             
             Finally
             the
             
               Vital
               Spirit
            
             of
             the
             forementioned
             Animals
             ,
             that
             had
             Concentred
             it self
             in
             the
             middle
             of
             their
             Body
             ,
             actuates
             the
             Members
             anew
             which
             it
             had
             before
             deserted
             ,
             and
             restores
             to
             them
             Sense
             ,
             Motion
             ,
             and
             the
             Exercise
             of
             all
             their
             Vital
             Functions
             .
          
           
             Lastly
             ,
             The
             
               Vniversal
               Spirit
            
             appears
             to
             be
             of
             an
             
               Igneous
               Nature
            
             ,
             1.
             
             Because
             it
             flows
             from
             the
             Sun
             ,
             which
             is
             an
             actual
             Fire
             .
             Yea
             the
             
               Solar
               Rayes
            
             themselves
             ,
             which
             diffuse
             this
             Vital
             Substance
             through
             the
             Visible
             World
             ,
             being
             Collected
             by
             a
             Burning
             Glass
             into
             a
             Center
             ,
             produce
             all
             the
             Effects
             of
             our
             Actual
             Culinary
             Fire
             .
             [
             2.
             
             The
             Vital
             Spirit
             of
             Animals
             is
             fed
             by
             the
             Universal
             Spirit
             ,
             as
             has
             been
             evidently
             
             prov'd
             ,
             and
             by
             consequence
             is
             of
             the
             same
             Nature
             with
             it
             .
             Now
             this
             
               Vital
               Spirit
               ,
               in
               Hot
               Sanguineous
               Animals
               ,
               has
               all
               the
               Essential
               Properties
               of
               an
               Actual
               Flame
               :
            
             For
             it
             constantly
             diffuses
             a
             sensible
             Heat
             through
             all
             the
             Members
             of
             the
             Body
             :
             it
             is
             maintain'd
             by
             constant
             fresh
             supplies
             of
             
               sulphureous
               Fuel
            
             from
             the
             Aliments
             ,
             that
             are
             taken
             into
             the
             Stomach
             and
             thence
             conveyed
             to
             the
             Blood
             ,
             where
             this
             subtil
             Flame
             invisibly
             burns
             ;
             and
             of
             an
             
               Aerial
               Pabulum
            
             from
             the
             Air
             ,
             that
             is
             taken
             into
             the
             Lungs
             by
             Inspiration
             ,
             and
             there
             communicated
             to
             the
             same
             Liquor
             :
             it
             constantly
             
               emits
               Fuliginous
               Effluvia
            
             ,
             both
             through
             the
             Wind-Pipe
             also
             through
             all
             the
             
               Pores
               of
               the
               Skin
            
             ,
             which
             are
             like
             so
             many
             Chimneys
             appointed
             to
             ventilate
             this
             vital
             Fire
             :
             It
             is
             kindled
             first
             in
             the
             Seminal
             Liquor
             ,
             either
             
               by
               another
            
             vital
             Fire
             ,
             as
             in
             viviparous
             Animals
             ;
             
               or
               by
               the
               Intestine
               Motion
               of
               the
               Sulphureous
               Parts
               ,
            
             excited
             and
             cherished
             by
             a
             continu'd
             External
             Warmth
             ,
             as
             in
             Oviparous
             Animals
             :
             but
             so
             long
             as
             the
             Foetus
             is
             included
             in
             the
             Womb
             or
             Egg
             ,
             it
             burns
             very
             faintly
             ,
             and
             never
             breaks
             out
             into
             an
             
               actual
               Flame
            
             till
             the
             Air
             have
             free
             nccess
             to
             it
             by
             Respiration
             :
             finally
             it
             dyes
             as
             soon
             as
             it
             is
             
               depriv'd
               of
               Sulphureous
               Fuel
            
             ,
             of
             
               Aerial
               Pabulum
            
             ,
             or
             of
             Ventilation
             .
             Now
             
             these
             Properties
             seem
             to
             be
             peculiar
             to
             Flame
             :
             and
             particularly
             there
             is
             nothing
             we
             know
             of
             in
             the
             World
             besides
             Life
             and
             Fire
             ,
             whose
             Motion
             is
             instantly
             suppressed
             by
             withdrawing
             the
             Air.
             
               See
               Willis
               de
               Accentione
               Sanguinis
            
             .
             ]
          
        
         
           
             Prop.
             19.
             
          
           
             The
             Vniversal
             Spirit
             ,
             that
             Coagulates
             Elementary
             Water
             into
             Solid
             Substances
             of
             the
             Animal
             Vegetable
             and
             Mineral
             Kingdoms
             ,
             consists
             of
             Acid
             Particles
             .
          
           
             For
             1.
             
             IT
             is
             of
             an
             Igneous
             nature
             ;
             and
             Fire
             has
             been
             prov'd
             to
             consist
             of
             Acid
             Particles
             put
             into
             a
             rapid
             Motion
             .
             2.
             
             All
             Chimists
             agree
             that
             
               the
               Concretion
               of
               Bodies
               depends
               upon
               the
               Saline
               Principle
               .
            
             Now
             
               Acaline
               Salts
            
             are
             apt
             rather
             to
             Dissolve
             Bodies
             ,
             than
             either
             to
             Coagulate
             or
             be
             Coagulated
             :
             Whereas
             we
             have
             a
             multitude
             of
             Instances
             of
             Coagulation
             and
             Fixation
             perform'd
             by
             
               Acid
               Salts
            
             ;
             which
             tho'
             they
             Corrode
             (
             and
             so
             Dissolve
             )
             many
             Bodies
             ,
             yet
             their
             Property
             is
             to
             Concoagulate
             with
             the
             Bodies
             they
             have
             Corroded
             .
             [
             Thus
             Quicksylver
             is
             
               Fixed
               and
               Coagulated
               by
            
             the
             
               Acid
               Particles
            
             of
             common
             or
             Antimonial
             Sulphur
             ,
             
               into
               Cinnabar
            
             ;
             by
             those
             of
             Salt
             and
             Vitriol
             into
             
               Sublimate
               
               Corrosive
            
             ;
             by
             Spirit
             of
             Nitre
             into
             
               Red
               Precipitate
            
             ,
             as
             the
             Chymists
             abusively
             call
             it
             ;
             by
             Oyl
             of
             Vitriol
             ,
             Oyl
             of
             Sulphur
             ,
             or
             Oyl
             of
             Alum
             into
             
               Turbith
               Mineral
            
             ,
             finally
             by
             the
             Acid
             Particles
             of
             Fire
             into
             
               Precipitate
               per
               se
            
             .
             These
             Instances
             are
             the
             more
             pertinent
             to
             our
             purpose
             ,
             because
             Mercury
             is
             a
             more
             Fluid
             Body
             than
             Simple
             Water
             it self
             .
             And
             the
             last
             of
             them
             ,
             tho'
             at
             first
             it
             appear
             somewhat
             Paradoxical
             ,
             yet
             upon
             better
             examination
             it
             seems
             to
             be
             very
             reasonable
             ;
             
               since
               Precipitate
               per
               se
            
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             newly
             mentioned
             
               Preparations
               of
               Quicksilver
            
             ,
             may
             be
             reviv'd
             into
             running
             Mercury
             ,
             by
             being
             distill'd
             from
             Salt
             of
             Tartar
             ,
             Quick-lime
             ,
             or
             such
             other
             
               Alcalisate
               Bodies
            
             as
             are
             very
             apt
             to
             be
             wrought
             upon
             by
             Acid
             Salts
             ,
             and
             thereby
             to
             disengage
             the
             Quicksilver
             that
             was
             Coagulated
             with
             them
             :
             and
             since
             the
             Particles
             of
             Fire
             (
             which
             have
             been
             prov'd
             to
             be
             Acid
             )
             may
             penetrate
             Glass
             ,
             and
             many
             times
             increase
             the
             weight
             of
             the
             inclosed
             Bodies
             ,
             as
             Mr.
             Boyle
             has
             undeniably
             evinced
             by
             a
             great
             many
             Experiments
             :
             and
             finally
             since
             Fire
             is
             the
             only
             Agent
             in
             this
             Preparation
             .
             ]
             The
             Sulphur
             of
             Lead
             deprives
             Quicksilver
             of
             its
             Fluidity
             .
             Volatil
             urinous
             Salts
             are
             so
             powerfully
             
               fix'd
               by
               Acid
               Spirits
            
             
             as
             to
             endure
             an
             open
             Fire
             for
             some
             time
             ;
             but
             they
             recover
             their
             former
             volatility
             ,
             as
             soon
             as
             they
             are
             disengaged
             from
             the
             Acid
             Salts
             that
             fixed
             them
             ,
             by
             the
             addition
             of
             any
             Alcalisate
             Body
             .
             All
             sorts
             of
             Acid
             Salts
             do
             coagulate
             Milk
             :
             and
             the
             Coagulation
             of
             the
             Creamy
             parts
             of
             Milk
             into
             Butter
             ,
             depends
             upon
             the
             internal
             Acid
             of
             the
             Milk
             ;
             for
             if
             you
             throw
             any
             Alcalisate
             Salt
             into
             it
             ,
             there
             can
             be
             no
             Butter
             obtain'd
             from
             it
             .
             The
             Acid
             Salts
             of
             Nitre
             do
             so
             powerfully
             fix
             the
             vomitive
             Sulphur
             of
             Antimony
             ,
             as
             to
             render
             it
             a
             good
             Diaphoretic
             .
             [
             The
             Acid
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             instantly
             Coagulates
             
               Spirit
               of
               Vrine
            
             ;
             for
             ,
             if
             both
             these
             Liquors
             be
             highly
             rectified
             ,
             as
             soon
             as
             ever
             you
             have
             mingled
             them
             ,
             the
             whole
             mixture
             loses
             its
             Fluidity
             ,
             insomuch
             that
             tho'
             the
             Glass
             be
             inverted
             ,
             not
             one
             drop
             will
             fall
             out
             :
             yea
             our
             Author
             affirms
             that
             ]
             if
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             highly
             rectified
             be
             kept
             for
             some
             months
             upon
             Salt
             of
             Urine
             in
             a
             gently
             digestive
             heat
             ,
             they
             will
             unite
             together
             into
             a
             Calculus
             of
             a
             reddish
             Colour
             :
             and
             (
             which
             is
             yet
             more
             strange
             )
             four
             parts
             of
             this
             Stone
             will
             convert
             one
             part
             of
             new
             Spirit
             of
             Urine
             into
             its
             own
             Substance
             ,
             and
             four
             parts
             of
             this
             one
             more
             ,
             and
             so
             on
             without
             any
             end
             :
             and
             that
             the
             Stone
             in
             the
             
             
             may
             be
             Generated
             after
             the
             same
             manner
             by
             the
             Plaistick
             Vertue
             of
             an
             Internal
             Acidum
             ,
             joyned
             with
             the
             Salt
             of
             Urine
             ,
             and
             being
             mixt
             with
             Gravel
             by
             Fermentation
             ,
             concentrates
             into
             a
             Concreate
             Substance
             .
             We
             found
             by
             a
             Stone
             being
             taken
             out
             of
             a
             Humane
             Bladder
             ,
             and
             Anatomized
             ,
             by
             Distillation
             ,
             to
             consist
             of
             Oyl
             ,
             Spirit
             ,
             and
             Volatile
             Salt
             ,
             with
             a
             very
             large
             
               Caput
               Mortuum
            
             :
             but
             of
             this
             we
             shall
             say
             no
             more
             at
             present
             ,
             but
             leave
             the
             Reader
             to
             judge
             what
             may
             be
             gathered
             by
             the
             foregoing
             Experiment
             ;
             so
             that
             it
             's
             believed
             ,
             the
             Universal
             Spirit
             that
             Coagulates
             Elementary
             Water
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             other
             Bodies
             into
             solid
             Substances
             ,
             consists
             of
             Acid
             Particles
             .
          
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         
           
           
             Some
             Books
             Printed
             for
             and
             sold
             by
             
               Stafford
               Anson
            
             ,
             at
             the
             three
             Pidgeons
             in
             St.
             
             Paul's
             Church-yard
             ,
             1691.
             
          
           
             1.
             
             
               DIctionarium
               Historicum
               ,
               Geographicum
               ,
               Poeticum
               :
               Opus
               admodum
               utile
               &
               apprime
               necessarium
               .
               A
               Carolo
               Stephano
               Inchoatum
               .
               Ad
               incudem
               vero
               revocatum
               ,
               innumerisque
               pene
               locis
               auctum
               &
               emaculatum
               per
               Nicolaum
               Lloydium
               ,
               Collegii
               Wadhami
               in
               Celeberrima
               Academia
               Oxoniensi
               socium
               .
               Editio
               novissima
               .
               In
               qua
               Historico
               Poetica
               ,
               &
               Geographica
               seorsim
               sunt
               Alphabetice
               digesta
               ;
               &
               Liber
               totus
               tum
               emendationibus
               ,
               tum
               additamentis
               (
               recentioribus
               tredicem
               Annorum
               Lloydii
               Elucubrationibus
               ,
               manuque
               ultima
               )
               ita
               adornatur
               ,
               ut
               novus
               ac
               plane
               alius
               videripossit
               .
               Cui
               accessit
               Index
               Geographicus
               ,
               ubi
               hodierna
               &
               vernacula
               Locorum
               nomina
               Antiquis
               &
               Latinis
               proponuntur
               .
            
          
           
             
               2.
               
               The
               History
               of
               the
               Council
               of
            
             Trent
             ;
             
               containing
               eight
               Books
               .
               In
               which
               ,
               besides
               the
               ordinary
               Acts
               of
               the
               Council
               ,
               are
               declared
               many
               notable
               Occurrences
               which
               happened
               in
               Christendom
               ,
               during
               the
               space
               of
               forty
               years
               and
               more
               ,
               and
               particularly
               the
               Practices
               of
               the
               Court
               of
            
             Rome
             ,
             
               to
               hinder
               the
               Reformation
               of
               
               their
               Errors
               ,
               and
               to
               maintain
               their
               Greatness
               .
               Written
               in
               Italian
               by
            
             Pietro
             Soave
             Polano
             ;
             
               and
               faithfully
               translated
               into
               English
               by
               Sir
            
             Nathaniel
             Brent
             ,
             
               Knight
               .
               Whereunto
               is
               added
               the
               Life
               of
               the
               Learned
               Author
               ,
               and
               the
               History
               of
               the
               Inquisition
               ,
               in
            
             Folio
             .
          
           
             3.
             
             Dionysii
             orbis
             Descriptio
             ,
             Annotationibus
             Eustathii
             ,
             &
             Hen.
             Stephani
             ,
             nec
             non
             
               Guil.
               Hill
            
             commentario
             Critico
             &
             Geographico
             ,
             ac
             Tabulis
             illustrata
             ,
             8vo
             .
          
           
             
               4.
               
               P.
            
             Virgilii
             Maronis
             opera
             ,
             Interpretatione
             &
             notis
             Illustravit
             Car.
             Ruaeus
             ,
             ad
             usum
             Delphini
             .
             Juxta
             Editionem
             novissimam
             Parisiensem
             ,
             8vo
             .
          
           
             5.
             
             Horatii
             opera
             ad
             Vsum
             Delphini
             ,
             8vo
             .
          
           
             6.
             
             Phaedri
             Fabulae
             ,
             ad
             Vsum
             Delphini
             ,
             8vo
             .
          
           
             7.
             
             Virgilii
             operacum
             Annotationibus
             Johannis
             Minellii
             .
          
           
             8.
             —
             —
             Id.
             cum
             Notis
             .
             T.
             Farnabii
             ,
             12ves
             :
          
           
             9.
             P.
             Terentii
             Comoediae
             cum
             notis
             .
             T.
             Farnabii
             ,
             12ves
             :
          
           
             10.
             
             Isocratis
             Orationes
             duae
             .
             1.
             
             Ad
             Demonicum
             .
             2.
             
             Ad
             Nicoclem
             .
             Nova
             methodo
             &
             apprime
             utili
             ,
             quoad
             verbum
             &
             sensum
             Latine
             redditae
             :
             Graecismis
             Phrasibus
             &
             sententiis
             in
             quibus
             maxima
             vis
             Rei
             consistit
             ,