The aerial noctiluca, or, Some new phœnomena, and a process of a factitious self-shining substance imparted in a letter to a friend living in the country / by the honourable Robert Boyle ...
         Boyle, Robert, 1627-1691.
      
       
         
           1680
        
      
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             The aerial noctiluca, or, Some new phœnomena, and a process of a factitious self-shining substance imparted in a letter to a friend living in the country / by the honourable Robert Boyle ...
             Boyle, Robert, 1627-1691.
          
           [6], 109 p.
           
             Printed by Tho. Snowden, and are to be sold by Nath. Ranew ...,
             London :
             1680.
          
           
             Attributed to Robert Boyle. cf. BM.
             Advertisement: p. [3]-[5]
             Reproduction of original in Huntington Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           Phosphorus -- Early works to 1800.
           Chemistry -- Early works to 1800.
        
      
    
     
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           THE
           AERIAL
           NOCTILUCA
           :
           OR
           Some
           New
           Phoenomena
           ,
           AND
           A
           PROCES
           OF
           A
           Factitious
           Self-shining
           Substance
           .
        
         
           Imparted
           in
           a
           Letter
           to
           a
           Friend
           ,
           living
           in
           the
           Country
           .
        
         
           By
           the
           Honourable
           ROBERT
           BOYLE
           ,
           Fellow
           of
           the
           ROYAL
           SOCIETY
           .
        
         
           LONDON
           .
        
         
           Printed
           by
           
             Tho.
             Snowden
          
           ,
           and
           are
           to
           be
           sold
           by
           
             Nath.
             Ranew
          
           .
           Bookseller
           in
           St.
           
           Paul's
           Church-Yard
           .
           1680.
           
        
      
       
         
         
         
           AN
           ADVERTISEMENT
           OF
           THE
           Publisher
           to
           the
           Reader
           .
        
         
           THE
           Honourable
           Author
           of
           the
           following
           Papers
           ,
           thinking
           it
           probable
           that
           the
           Processes
           deliver'd
           in
           them
           ,
           having
           hitherto
           been
           Publish'd
           by
           no
           man
           ,
           will
           ,
           as
           well
           for
           
             that
             Reason
          
           ,
           as
           for
           the
           Nobleness
           of
           the
           Subject
           ,
           prove
           not
           unwelcome
           to
           the
           Curious
           ,
           in
           divers
           Countries
           ,
           where
           English
           is
           not
           understood
           :
           He
           was
           very
           willing
           ,
           for
           their
           sakes
           ,
           
           that
           this
           Tract
           should
           be
           turn'd
           into
           Latin.
           And
           now
           ,
           to
           prevent
           the
           needless
           Pains
           of
           any
           ,
           that
           may
           have
           a
           mind
           to
           make
           such
           a
           Version
           ,
           without
           having
           the
           Opportunity
           to
           consult
           the
           Author
           ,
           upon
           any
           doubt
           os
           his
           meaning
           ,
           I
           think
           fit
           to
           give
           notice
           ,
           that
           the
           Translation
           is
           ,
           by
           the
           Author's
           consent
           ,
           made
           already
           ,
           and
           ,
           God
           permitting
           ,
           will
           quickly
           appear
           in
           Publick
           .
           Perhaps
           't
           will
           not
           be
           improper
           to
           add
           ,
           that
           the
           Reason
           ,
           why
           the
           following
           English
           Tract
           is
           Printed
           
             in
             Octavo
          
           ,
           (
           as
           they
           speak
           )
           is
           ,
           that
           it
           may
           be
           conveniently
           
             Bound
             up
          
           ,
           either
           with
           the
           Notes
           ,
           already
           Publish'd
           in
           the
           same
           form
           about
           
             divers
             Particular
             Qualities
          
           ,
           or
           with
           
             those
             other
             Notes
          
           that
           yet
           remain
           to
           be
           Publish'd
           about
           
             other
             Qualities
          
           ;
           to
           whose
           Number
           Light
           and
           Inflammability
           may
           be
           referr'd
           .
           
           The
           ensuing
           Discourse
           having
           been
           written
           to
           a
           Virtuoso
           ,
           living
           in
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           who
           has
           been
           for
           many
           years
           absent
           from
           London
           ,
           it
           was
           thought
           fit
           in
           the
           beginning
           of
           these
           Papers
           to
           give
           him
           some
           Informations
           about
           Phosphorus's
           ,
           and
           their
           several
           kinds
           in
           general
           ,
           but
           it
           was
           not
           thought
           fit
           to
           Publish
           at
           the
           beginning
           of
           the
           Letter
           any
           thing
           of
           Complement
           ;
           since
           in
           that
           ,
           neither
           the
           main
           Subject
           ,
           nor
           the
           Reader
           ,
           was
           concern'd
           .
        
      
       
         
         
         
           To
           my
           very
           Learned
           Friend
           Dr.
           J.
           B.
           
        
         
           
             SIR
             ,
          
        
         
           TO
           gratifie
           your
           Curiosity
           about
           
           Phosphorus's
           ,
           as
           much
           as
           I
           can
           without
           indiscretion
           at
           present
           do
           ,
           I
           must
           ,
           in
           the
           first
           place
           ,
           take
           notice
           to
           you
           ,
           That
           though
           
           Phosphorus's
           may
           well
           be
           distinguish'd
           into
           two
           sorts
           ;
           Those
           that
           may
           be
           stil'd
           Natural
           ,
           as
           Glow-worms
           ,
           some
           sorts
           of
           rotten
           Wood
           and
           Fishes
           ,
           and
           a
           few
           others
           ,
           and
           Those
           that
           are
           properly
           Artificial
           :
           yet
           waving
           ,
           at
           present
           ,
           further
           mention
           of
           the
           former
           sort
           of
           
             Bodies
             ,
             that
             without
             manifest
             heat
             shine
             in
             the
             dark
             ,
          
           (
           which
           absence
           of
           sensible
           heat
           distinguishes
           
           Phosphorus's
           from
           common
           Fire
           and
           Flame
           ;
           )
           I
           shall
           now
           
           confine
           my
           Discourse
           to
           the
           latter
           sort
           ,
           and
           tell
           you
           ,
           That
           as
           far
           as
           I
           have
           hitherto
           observ'd
           ,
           those
           factitious
           shining
           Bodies
           that
           do
           or
           may
           pass
           under
           the
           name
           of
           
           Phosphorus's
           ,
           may
           be
           reduc'd
           to
           two
           principal
           kinds
           ,
           one
           of
           which
           may
           be
           subdivided
           into
           two
           or
           three
           ,
           so
           that
           in
           all
           they
           will
           amount
           to
           three
           or
           four
           .
        
         
           The
           first
           of
           these
           consists
           of
           such
           Bodies
           as
           shine
           only
           by
           the
           help
           of
           External
           Illustration
           ,
           or
           (
           if
           you
           please
           )
           such
           Bodies
           ,
           as
           being
           expos'd
           to
           the
           beams
           of
           the
           Sun
           ,
           or
           those
           of
           a
           vigorous
           Flame
           ,
           will
           retain
           a
           Lucidness
           ,
           and
           continue
           to
           shine
           some
           time
           in
           the
           dark
           .
           Of
           this
           kind
           is
           the
           
             Bolonian
             Stone
          
           ,
           skilfully
           prepar'd
           ;
           and
           of
           this
           sort
           also
           is
           the
           
             Phosphorus
             Hermeticus
          
           of
           Balduinus
           ,
           of
           whose
           Phoenomena
           ,
           but
           not
           the
           way
           of
           making
           it
           ,
           the
           Author
           has
           given
           the
           Learned
           World
           an
           account
           .
           This
           Phosphorus
           was
           therefore
           very
           welcome
           to
           divers
           of
           the
           Curious
           ,
           because
           the
           
             Bolonian
             Stone
          
           was
           for
           some
           years
           before
           grown
           very
           
           rare
           ,
           even
           in
           its
           own
           Countrey
           ,
           Italy
           ,
           which
           scarceness
           ,
           an
           ingenious
           Traveller
           ,
           then
           lately
           come
           out
           of
           those
           Parts
           ,
           told
           me
           he
           imputed
           to
           the
           death
           of
           the
           Person
           that
           us'd
           to
           prepare
           the
           Stone
           at
           Bologna
           ,
           without
           having
           left
           a
           sufficient
           account
           of
           his
           way
           of
           making
           it
           lucid
           .
           And
           the
           Phosphorus
           of
           Balduinus
           ,
           which
           ,
           or
           the
           like
           ,
           may
           be
           made
           (
           as
           I
           have
           tryed
           )
           both
           of
           Chaulk
           ,
           and
           another
           substance
           ,
           seem'd
           to
           me
           ,
           when
           the
           Preparation
           succeeded
           best
           ,
           to
           catch
           the
           External
           Light
           (
           if
           I
           may
           so
           speak
           )
           far
           more
           readily
           than
           the
           
             Bolonian
             Stone
          
           :
           For
           I
           remember
           I
           have
           had
           one
           ,
           that
           being
           freshly
           made
           ,
           would
           within
           about
           half
           a
           minute
           of
           an
           hour
           be
           manifestly
           excited
           ,
           and
           as
           it
           were
           kindled
           ;
           so
           that
           being
           presently
           remov'd
           into
           a
           dark
           place
           ,
           it
           would
           retain
           a
           very
           sensible
           Light
           ,
           for
           so
           many
           times
           as
           long
           as
           it
           had
           been
           expos'd
           to
           the
           beams
           of
           the
           external
           Light
           ;
           and
           this
           (
           if
           I
           much
           misremember
           not
           )
           was
           even
           when
           that
           external
           Light
           was
           but
           the
           flame
           of
           a
           Candle
           .
        
         
           But
           ,
           on
           the
           other
           side
           ,
           whereas
           I
           
           have
           more
           than
           once
           or
           twice
           observ'd
           ,
           with
           trouble
           ,
           that
           these
           
           Phosphorus's
           could
           very
           hardly
           be
           preserv'd
           for
           any
           long
           time
           ,
           (
           which
           I
           was
           apt
           to
           impute
           to
           the
           action
           of
           the
           insinuating
           Air
           )
           so
           that
           some
           of
           them
           in
           not
           many
           months
           ,
           and
           others
           even
           in
           a
           few
           weeks
           (
           or
           perhaps
           days
           )
           would
           appear
           crack'd
           ,
           and
           lose
           their
           vertue
           of
           being
           excited
           by
           the
           beams
           of
           Light
           ;
           the
           
             Bolonian
             Stone
          
           ,
           skilfully
           prepar'd
           ,
           would
           retain
           its
           vertue
           of
           being
           excited
           for
           a
           much
           longer
           time
           :
           For
           I
           remember
           (
           whatever
           Learned
           Men
           have
           deliver'd
           to
           the
           contrary
           ▪
           )
           I
           had
           a
           small
           piece
           of
           it
           ,
           which
           ,
           though
           I
           kept
           it
           negligently
           enough
           in
           an
           ordinary
           little
           wooden
           Box
           ,
           retain'd
           its
           vertue
           for
           several
           years
           after
           I
           had
           it
           ,
           which
           was
           not
           till
           a
           great
           while
           after
           it
           was
           first
           prepar'd
           .
           What
           I
           have
           further
           observ'd
           concerning
           the
           
             Phosphorus
             Hermeticus
          
           ,
           I
           have
           not
           now
           the
           leisure
           to
           acquaint
           you
           with
           .
        
         
           But
           besides
           this
           first
           kind
           of
           
           Phosphorus's
           ,
           that
           ,
           to
           be
           able
           to
           shine
           ,
           must
           
           have
           their
           Faculty
           excited
           by
           the
           beams
           of
           the
           Sun
           ,
           or
           those
           of
           some
           other
           actually
           shining
           Body
           :
           There
           is
           another
           sort
           ,
           which
           needs
           not
           be
           previously
           illustrated
           by
           any
           external
           Lucid
           ,
           and
           yet
           continues
           to
           shine
           far
           longer
           than
           the
           
             Bolonian
             Stone
          
           ,
           or
           the
           Phosphorus
           of
           Balduinus
           .
           This
           ,
           by
           some
           Learned
           Men
           has
           been
           call'd
           ,
           to
           discriminate
           it
           from
           the
           former
           ,
           a
           Noctiluca
           ,
           which
           ,
           though
           in
           strictness
           I
           cannot
           think
           it
           as
           proper
           a
           name
           as
           could
           be
           wish'd
           ,
           since
           the
           other
           Phosphorus
           will
           shine
           in
           the
           Night
           as
           well
           as
           the
           Day
           ,
           if
           it
           be
           excited
           with
           the
           flame
           of
           a
           culinary
           Fire
           ,
           or
           of
           a
           large
           Candle
           ;
           yet
           since
           the
           name
           has
           been
           received
           by
           several
           ,
           and
           since
           't
           is
           not
           easie
           in
           our
           Language
           ,
           to
           express
           the
           thing
           clearly
           in
           one
           word
           ,
           I
           shall
           (
           though
           for
           Brevity
           ,
           as
           much
           as
           Distinction-sake
           )
           admit
           the
           use
           of
           this
           name
           ▪
           yet
           without
           forbearing
           sometimes
           to
           substitute
           for
           it
           that
           of
           a
           
             Self-shining
             substance
          
           ,
           which
           is
           more
           expressive
           of
           its
           nature
           :
           Of
           this
           substance
           ,
           Mr.
           
             Daniel
             Krafft
          
           ,
           a
           
             German
             Chymist
          
           ▪
           
           shew'd
           His
           Majesty
           two
           sorts
           or
           degrees
           .
           To
           the
           first
           of
           which
           ,
           I
           took
           the
           liberty
           to
           give
           the
           name
           of
           Consistent
           (
           or
           
             Gummous
             )
             Noctiluca
          
           ,
           not
           in
           that
           sense
           ,
           wherein
           the
           word
           is
           oppos'd
           to
           Soft
           ,
           for
           this
           substance
           was
           at
           least
           as
           yielding
           as
           Bees-Wax
           in
           Summer
           ;
           but
           as
           the
           word
           Consistent
           is
           employ'd
           as
           equivalent
           to
           Firm
           ,
           and
           oppos'd
           to
           Liquid
           and
           Fluid
           .
           By
           reason
           also
           of
           its
           somewhat
           viscous
           Texture
           ,
           not
           very
           unlike
           that
           of
           Gum
           of
           Cherries
           ,
           and
           some
           others
           newly
           taken
           from
           the
           Tree
           ,
           it
           may
           be
           call'd
           ,
           
             The
             Gummous
             Noctiluca
          
           :
           And
           ,
           I
           am
           inform'd
           ,
           that
           on
           the
           score
           of
           its
           uninterrupted
           action
           ,
           't
           is
           call'd
           by
           some
           in
           
             Germany
             ,
             The
             Constant
             Noctiluca
          
           ;
           which
           title
           it
           does
           not
           ill
           deserve
           ,
           since
           this
           Phosphorus
           is
           much
           the
           noblest
           we
           have
           yet
           seen
           .
           For
           though
           there
           were
           not
           much
           of
           it
           ,
           and
           though
           it
           were
           kept
           by
           it self
           in
           a
           little
           Vial
           ,
           well
           stop'd
           ,
           it
           would
           ,
           without
           being
           externally
           excited
           ,
           incessantly
           shine
           ,
           as
           he
           affirmed
           ,
           both
           day
           and
           night
           .
           Yet
           the
           Light
           it
           afforded
           seem'd
           but
           little
           ,
           if
           at
           all
           ,
           more
           vivid
           ,
           
           than
           I
           have
           sometimes
           observed
           in
           the
           Liquor
           of
           Glow-worms
           ,
           and
           some
           other
           
           Phosphorus's
           of
           Nature's
           producing
           :
           Nor
           had
           the
           Possessor
           enough
           of
           this
           substance
           to
           invite
           his
           consent
           to
           any
           Trial
           to
           improve
           it
           ,
           the
           quantity
           he
           had
           at
           London
           ,
           scarce
           exceeding
           in
           Bulk
           the
           Kernel
           of
           an
           Almond
           .
        
         
           Besides
           this
           Gummous
           Noctiluca
           ,
           Mr.
           Krafft
           had
           a
           Liquid
           one
           ,
           that
           ,
           perhaps
           ,
           was
           made
           only
           by
           dissolution
           of
           the
           former
           in
           Water
           ,
           or
           some
           convenient
           Liquor
           ;
           but
           the
           Lucidness
           of
           this
           ,
           was
           not
           permanent
           like
           that
           of
           the
           other
           ,
           as
           I
           have
           noted
           in
           another
           Paper
           :
           but
           within
           no
           very
           long
           time
           ,
           especially
           when
           't
           was
           divided
           into
           smaller
           portions
           ,
           and
           left
           expos'd
           to
           the
           Air
           ,
           would
           expire
           or
           vanish
           .
        
         
           But
           besides
           the
           Gummous
           and
           the
           Liquid
           Noctiluca
           hitherto
           mentioned
           ▪
           I
           know
           not
           whether
           we
           may
           not
           add
           a
           third
           kind
           ,
           that
           we
           our selves
           lately
           prepared
           ,
           which
           seems
           to
           be
           of
           a
           somewhat
           differing
           nature
           ,
           both
           from
           the
           Consistent
           ,
           and
           the
           
             Liquid
             Noctiluca
          
           
           newly
           describ'd
           ,
           at
           least
           as
           far
           as
           I
           observ'd
           their
           Phoenomena
           .
           For
           this
           of
           ours
           would
           not
           
             shine
             of
             it self
          
           ,
           like
           the
           
             constant
             Noctiluca
          
           ,
           nor
           yet
           in
           that
           manner
           that
           the
           
             liquid
             Noctiluca
          
           did
           ;
           but
           the
           bare
           Contact
           of
           the
           Air
           ,
           without
           any
           external
           Illustration
           or
           Heat
           ,
           would
           immediately
           produce
           a
           Light
           ,
           (
           which
           might
           easily
           be
           made
           to
           last
           a
           good
           while
           in
           a
           well
           stop'd
           Vessel
           :
           )
           And
           ,
           which
           is
           considerable
           ,
           the
           Substance
           that
           shin'd
           ,
           was
           not
           the
           
             Body
             of
             the
             Liquor
          
           included
           in
           the
           Vial
           ,
           but
           an
           Exhalation
           or
           Effluvium
           mingled
           with
           the
           admitted
           Air
           :
           for
           both
           which
           Reasons
           ,
           I
           gave
           it
           the
           name
           of
           
             Aerial
             Noctiluca
          
           .
        
         
           These
           are
           the
           several
           
           Phosphorus's
           ,
           that
           I
           have
           yet
           had
           opportunity
           to
           see
           ,
           but
           ,
           for
           ought
           I
           know
           ,
           their
           variety
           may
           extend
           somewhat
           further
           ,
           because
           I
           have
           heard
           of
           a
           Paper
           printed
           in
           Germany
           by
           an
           ingenious
           man
           ,
           whose
           name
           (
           if
           I
           mistake
           not
           )
           is
           Elsholez
           ,
           wherein
           particular
           mention
           is
           made
           ,
           in
           an
           Historical
           way
           ,
           of
           the
           
             German
             
             Noctiluca
          
           :
           But
           this
           Paper
           I
           cannot
           yet
           procure
           ,
           and
           therefore
           you
           would
           do
           well
           to
           consult
           it
           ,
           if
           you
           can
           get
           it
           ;
           and
           I
           am
           not
           averse
           from
           thinking
           ,
           that
           future
           Industry
           may
           discover
           some
           new
           kinds
           or
           variations
           of
           self-shining
           Substances
           ,
           that
           will
           deserve
           new
           names
           ,
           and
           among
           them
           ,
           perhaps
           ,
           that
           of
           
             Solid
             Noctiluca's
          
           .
        
         
           Having
           said
           thus
           much
           of
           the
           several
           sorts
           of
           Artificial
           
           Phosphorus's
           ,
           I
           shall
           be
           very
           brief
           in
           speaking
           of
           their
           Inventers
           ,
           whereof
           I
           have
           but
           an
           imperfect
           information
           .
           For
           though
           I
           find
           it
           generally
           agreed
           ,
           that
           the
           
             Phosphorus
             Hermeticus
          
           was
           first
           found
           and
           published
           to
           the
           World
           ,
           by
           the
           learned
           and
           ingenious
           Balduinus
           ,
           a
           German
           Lawyer
           ;
           yet
           as
           to
           the
           Gummous
           and
           
             Liquid
             Noctiluca's
          
           ,
           I
           find
           the
           first
           invention
           is
           by
           some
           ascrib'd
           to
           the
           abovemention'd
           Mr.
           Krafft
           ,
           (
           though
           I
           remember
           not
           ,
           that
           when
           he
           was
           here
           ,
           he
           plainly
           asserted
           it
           to
           himself
           ;
           )
           by
           others
           ,
           attributed
           to
           an
           ancient
           Chymist
           ,
           dwelling
           at
           Hamburgh
           ,
           whose
           
           name
           (
           if
           I
           mistake
           not
           )
           is
           Mr.
           Branc
           ,
           and
           by
           others
           again
           ,
           with
           great
           confidence
           ,
           asserted
           to
           a
           famous
           German
           Chymist
           in
           the
           Court
           of
           Saxony
           ,
           call'd
           Kunckelius
           .
           But
           to
           which
           of
           these
           so
           Noble
           an
           Invention
           ,
           as
           that
           of
           the
           two
           
             German
             Noctiluca's
          
           ,
           is
           justly
           due
           ,
           I
           neither
           am
           qualified
           nor
           desirous
           to
           judge
           ;
           and
           therefore
           ,
           without
           prejudicing
           any
           Man's
           Right
           ,
           I
           will
           proceed
           to
           that
           ,
           which
           ,
           I
           presume
           ,
           is
           the
           chief
           thing
           you
           would
           know
           of
           me
           ,
           namely
           ,
           
             An
             Account
             of
             the
             Occasion
             and
             Steps
             of
             my
             own
             Attempt
             to
             make
             a
             Noctiluca
             .
          
           Concerning
           this
           I
           shall
           give
           you
           the
           following
           Narrative
           ,
           wherein
           ,
           though
           my
           urgent
           Avocations
           will
           not
           (
           I
           fear
           )
           permit
           me
           to
           be
           other
           than
           immethodical
           ,
           yet
           I
           shall
           not
           decline
           to
           mention
           some
           circumstances
           that
           I
           know
           may
           be
           omitted
           ,
           because
           they
           will
           not
           ,
           perhaps
           ,
           be
           found
           so
           barely
           Historical
           ,
           but
           that
           they
           may
           prove
           of
           some
           use
           to
           a
           less
           Sagacity
           then
           yours
           ,
           in
           an
           enquiry
           into
           a
           Subject
           ,
           wherein
           I
           cannot
           yet
           plainly
           tell
           you
           all
           you
           could
           wish
           to
           know
           ,
           and
           
           which
           is
           both
           New
           and
           Abstruse
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           Noble
           .
        
         
           After
           the
           experienced
           Chymist
           Mr.
           
             Daniel
             Krafft
          
           had
           ,
           in
           a
           Visit
           that
           he
           purposely
           made
           me
           ,
           shewn
           me
           and
           some
           of
           my
           Friends
           ,
           both
           his
           Liquid
           and
           
             Consistent
             Phosphorus
          
           ,
           being
           by
           the
           Phoenomena
           I
           then
           observ'd
           ,
           (
           and
           whereof
           the
           Curious
           have
           since
           had
           publick
           notice
           *
           )
           made
           certain
           ,
           that
           there
           is
           really
           such
           a
           factitious
           Body
           to
           be
           made
           ,
           as
           would
           shine
           in
           the
           dark
           ,
           without
           having
           been
           before
           illustrated
           by
           any
           lucid
           substance
           ,
           and
           without
           being
           hot
           as
           to
           sense
           :
           After
           this
           ,
           I
           say
           ,
           I
           took
           into
           consideration
           by
           what
           ways
           it
           might
           be
           most
           probable
           ,
           to
           produce
           ,
           by
           Art
           ,
           such
           a
           
             shining
             substance
          
           .
           To
           seek
           for
           which
           I
           was
           both
           inclin'd
           ,
           and
           hopeful
           to
           be
           somewhat
           assisted
           ,
           because
           I
           had
           lying
           by
           me
           ,
           among
           my
           yet
           unpublish'd
           
             Notes
             of
             the
             Mechanical
             Origine
             of
             divers
             
             qualities
             ,
          
           a
           Collection
           of
           some
           Observations
           &
           Thoughts
           concerning
           
             light
             .
             Light.
          
           And
           I
           was
           (
           also
           )
           the
           more
           encourag'd
           to
           attempt
           somewhat
           this
           way
           ,
           because
           having
           ,
           at
           Mr.
           
           Kraffts's
           desire
           ,
           imparted
           to
           him
           somewhat
           that
           I
           discover'd
           about
           uncommon
           Mercuries
           ,
           (
           which
           I
           had
           then
           communicated
           but
           to
           one
           Person
           in
           the
           World
           )
           he
           ,
           in
           requital
           ,
           confest
           to
           me
           at
           parting
           ,
           that
           at
           least
           the
           principal
           matter
           of
           his
           Phosphorus's
           ,
           was
           somewhat
           that
           belong'd
           to
           the
           Body
           of
           Man.
           This
           intimation
           ,
           though
           but
           very
           general
           ,
           was
           therefore
           very
           welcome
           to
           me
           ,
           because
           ,
           though
           I
           have
           often
           thought
           it
           probable
           ,
           that
           a
           
             shining
             substance
          
           may
           ,
           by
           Spagyrical
           Art
           ,
           be
           obtain'd
           from
           more
           kinds
           of
           Bodies
           than
           one
           :
           yet
           designing
           ,
           in
           the
           first
           place
           ,
           to
           try
           if
           I
           could
           hit
           upon
           such
           a
           Phosphorus
           as
           I
           saw
           was
           preparable
           ,
           the
           Advertisement
           sav'd
           me
           (
           for
           some
           time
           )
           the
           labor
           of
           ranging
           among
           various
           Bodies
           ,
           and
           directed
           me
           to
           exercise
           my
           industry
           in
           a
           narrower
           compass
           .
           But
           there
           being
           divers
           parts
           of
           the
           Humane
           Body
           ,
           that
           
           have
           been
           taken
           to
           task
           by
           Chymists
           ;
           and
           ,
           perhaps
           ,
           by
           me
           as
           carefully
           ,
           as
           by
           some
           others
           ,
           my
           choice
           might
           have
           been
           distracted
           between
           the
           Blood
           ,
           the
           solid
           Excrements
           ,
           the
           Bones
           ,
           the
           Urine
           ,
           and
           the
           Hair
           ,
           of
           the
           Humane
           Body
           ;
           if
           various
           former
           Tryals
           and
           Speculations
           upon
           more
           than
           one
           of
           those
           Subjects
           ,
           had
           not
           directed
           me
           to
           pitch
           upon
           that
           ,
           which
           was
           fittest
           to
           be
           chosen
           ,
           and
           of
           which
           ,
           as
           I
           had
           formerly
           set
           down
           divers
           Experiments
           and
           Observations
           ,
           so
           I
           had
           made
           provision
           of
           a
           quantity
           of
           it
           ,
           and
           so
           far
           prepar'd
           it
           ,
           that
           it
           wanted
           but
           little
           of
           being
           fit
           for
           my
           present
           purpose
           .
           But
           before
           I
           had
           made
           any
           great
           progress
           in
           my
           design
           ,
           I
           was
           by
           divers
           Removes
           ,
           Indispositions
           of
           Body
           ,
           Law-Suits
           ,
           and
           other
           Avocations
           ,
           so
           distracted
           ,
           or
           at
           least
           diverted
           ,
           that
           I
           laid
           aside
           the
           prosecution
           of
           the
           Phosphorus
           for
           a
           long
           time
           .
           And
           when
           afterwards
           I
           resum'd
           it
           ,
           though
           I
           wrought
           upon
           the
           right
           matter
           ,
           yet
           I
           was
           diverted
           from
           the
           right
           way
           ,
           by
           a
           Process
           that
           I
           received
           from
           Beyond
           Sea
           ,
           as
           a
           great
           Arcanum
           ,
           
           that
           would
           certainly
           produce
           the
           Noctiluca
           aspired
           to
           ,
           for
           partly
           upon
           this
           account
           ,
           but
           more
           ,
           because
           I
           saw
           that
           the
           chief
           Ingredient
           in
           this
           Process
           ,
           was
           that
           which
           I
           ,
           with
           reason
           ,
           took
           to
           be
           the
           best
           matter
           ,
           I
           was
           induc'd
           to
           pursue
           the
           prescrib'd
           method
           for
           some
           months
           ,
           but
           without
           success
           ;
           the
           true
           matter
           being
           ,
           as
           I
           concluded
           ,
           too
           much
           either
           alter'd
           or
           clog'd
           by
           the
           additional
           Ingredients
           that
           were
           design'd
           to
           improve
           it
           ;
           besides
           ,
           that
           the
           degree
           of
           Fire
           ,
           though
           a
           circumstance
           of
           the
           greatest
           moment
           ,
           was
           overlook'd
           ,
           or
           not
           rightly
           prescrib'd
           .
           However
           ,
           adhering
           to
           the
           first
           choice
           I
           had
           made
           of
           a
           fit
           matter
           ,
           I
           did
           not
           desist
           to
           work
           upon
           it
           by
           the
           ways
           I
           judg'd
           the
           most
           hopeful
           ▪
           when
           a
           learned
           and
           ingenious
           Stranger
           ,
           (
           
             A.
             G.
             M.
             D.
          
           Countreyman
           ,
           if
           I
           mistake
           not
           ,
           to
           Mr.
           Krafft
           )
           who
           had
           newly
           made
           an
           Excursion
           into
           England
           ,
           to
           see
           the
           Countrey
           ,
           having
           ,
           in
           a
           Visit
           he
           was
           pleas'd
           to
           make
           me
           ,
           occasionally
           discoursed
           ,
           among
           other
           things
           ,
           about
           the
           
             German
             Noctiluca
          
           ,
           whereof
           he
           soon
           
           perceiv'd
           I
           knew
           the
           true
           matter
           ,
           and
           had
           wrought
           much
           upon
           it
           .
           He
           said
           something
           about
           the
           degree
           of
           Fire
           ,
           that
           made
           me
           afterwards
           think
           ,
           when
           I
           reflected
           on
           it
           ,
           that
           that
           was
           the
           only
           thing
           I
           wanted
           to
           succeed
           in
           my
           endeavors
           .
           And
           there
           was
           the
           more
           reason
           to
           think
           so
           ,
           because
           for
           want
           of
           a
           due
           management
           of
           the
           Fire
           ,
           we
           had
           divers
           times
           fail'd
           ,
           of
           making
           the
           Phosphorus
           of
           Balduinus
           ,
           not
           only
           after
           we
           had
           more
           than
           once
           wrought
           upon
           the
           right
           matter
           ,
           but
           after
           we
           had
           actually
           made
           the
           Phosphorus
           .
           Wherefore
           when
           he
           left
           London
           ,
           having
           yet
           some
           quantity
           of
           the
           matter
           in
           such
           readiness
           ,
           that
           it
           needed
           but
           the
           Fire
           to
           let
           me
           see
           what
           I
           ought
           to
           think
           of
           the
           hint
           the
           ingenious
           Traveller
           had
           given
           me
           ,
           I
           caus'd
           the
           tryal
           to
           be
           renew'd
           ,
           which
           ,
           proving
           unsuccessful
           ,
           diminish'd
           much
           of
           my
           stock
           of
           prepar'd
           matter
           ,
           but
           it
           did
           not
           so
           discourage
           me
           ,
           as
           to
           hinder
           me
           from
           reiterating
           the
           Attempt
           (
           without
           much
           varying
           it
           )
           with
           a
           good
           part
           of
           what
           remain'd
           .
           And
           though
           at
           this
           time
           also
           ,
           all
           the
           care
           and
           diligence
           
           that
           could
           be
           employ'd
           ,
           did
           not
           hinder
           an
           unlucky
           miscarriage
           ,
           that
           kept
           the
           tryal
           from
           being
           
             fully
             satisfactory
          
           ;
           yet
           being
           confident
           upon
           the
           nature
           of
           the
           thing
           ,
           I
           would
           not
           believe
           the
           skilful
           Laborant
           ,
           when
           he
           told
           me
           with
           trouble
           ,
           that
           what
           I
           expected
           ,
           was
           not
           at
           all
           produc'd
           :
           But
           going
           my self
           to
           the
           Laboratory
           ,
           I
           quickly
           found
           ,
           that
           by
           the
           help
           of
           the
           Air
           ,
           or
           some
           Agitation
           of
           what
           had
           pass'd
           into
           the
           Receiver
           ,
           I
           could
           ,
           in
           a
           dark
           place
           (
           though
           it
           was
           then
           day
           )
           perceive
           some
           glimmerings
           of
           light
           ,
           which
           ,
           you
           will
           easily
           believe
           ,
           I
           was
           not
           ill
           pleas'd
           to
           see
           .
           And
           now
           you
           have
           the
           History
           of
           my
           pursuit
           of
           the
           
             Liquid
             Phosphorus
          
           ,
           that
           has
           made
           some
           noise
           among
           the
           Curious
           :
           But
           I
           freely
           confess
           ,
           that
           the
           success
           ,
           though
           welcome
           ,
           was
           not
           so
           full
           as
           I
           aim'd
           at
           ,
           for
           I
           obtain'd
           no
           such
           consistent
           Phosphorus
           as
           that
           whereof
           Mr.
           Krafft
           shew'd
           me
           ,
           as
           I
           formerly
           told
           you
           ,
           a
           small
           parcel
           .
           But
           as
           I
           was
           willing
           to
           think
           that
           this
           defect
           may
           be
           imputed
           to
           the
           cracking
           of
           the
           Retort
           ,
           before
           the
           
           Operatien
           was
           quite
           finish'd
           ,
           so
           I
           hope
           another
           Distillation
           in
           a
           more
           luckily
           chosen
           Vessel
           ,
           may
           make
           me
           amends
           for
           the
           newly
           mentioned
           Miscarriage
           ,
           and
           thereby
           enable
           me
           to
           discover
           other
           ,
           and
           perhaps
           nobler
           Phoenomena
           of
           our
           
             shining
             substance
          
           ,
           than
           hitherto
           I
           have
           been
           able
           to
           observe
           .
           Especially
           considering
           ,
           that
           the
           same
           misfortune
           ,
           that
           I
           hope
           was
           the
           principal
           cause
           of
           my
           missing
           the
           Noblest
           thing
           I
           aim'd
           at
           ,
           the
           
             Constant
             Noctiluca
          
           ,
           〈◊〉
           me
           so
           little
           even
           of
           liquid
           matter
           ,
           ●●r
           my
           purpose
           ,
           that
           I
           have
           not
           dared
           ▪
           for
           fear
           of
           wasting
           it
           ,
           to
           try
           several
           things
           with
           it
           ,
           that
           I
           presume
           may
           be
           of
           good
           use
           in
           an
           enquiry
           into
           the
           nature
           of
           this
           light
           ,
           and
           perhaps
           also
           of
           light
           in
           general
           .
           And
           because
           I
           fear
           by
           what
           I
           have
           observ'd
           ,
           that
           ,
           though
           the
           Vessel
           had
           not
           crackt
           ,
           yet
           the
           matter
           distill'd
           would
           have
           afforded
           but
           a
           small
           proportion
           of
           
             lucid
             substance
          
           ,
           I
           am
           the
           more
           unwilling
           to
           fall
           upon
           this
           troublesom
           work
           again
           ,
           till
           ,
           besides
           other
           requisites
           ,
           I
           be
           provided
           of
           a
           competent
           quantity
           of
           a
           matter
           which
           
           I
           fear
           contains
           but
           very
           little
           of
           the
           desired
           substance
           .
           However
           ,
           I
           have
           endeavoured
           to
           make
           that
           use
           of
           our
           Experiment
           ,
           such
           as
           it
           was
           ,
           that
           though
           the
           Noctiluca
           it
           produc'd
           ,
           be
           not
           perhaps
           so
           lucid
           as
           that
           of
           Mr.
           Kraffts
           ,
           yet
           it
           may
           prove
           as
           luciferous
           as
           his
           hath
           hitherto
           been
           ,
           since
           (
           as
           you
           will
           see
           hereafter
           )
           I
           have
           found
           a
           substance
           that
           needs
           the
           Air
           ,
           and
           nothing
           but
           the
           Air
           to
           kindle
           it
           ,
           and
           that
           in
           a
           moment
           .
        
         
           In
           this
           Narrative
           I
           have
           been
           the
           more
           particular
           ,
           that
           it
           may
           shew
           you
           ,
           (
           what
           I
           hope
           may
           make
           you
           amends
           for
           the
           length
           of
           it
           )
           that
           an
           inquisitive
           Man
           should
           not
           always
           be
           deter'd
           by
           the
           difficulties
           ,
           or
           even
           disappointments
           he
           may
           meet
           with
           ,
           in
           prosecuting
           a
           Noble
           Experiment
           ,
           as
           long
           as
           he
           judges
           himself
           to
           proceed
           upon
           good
           and
           rational
           grounds
           .
        
         
           The
           Vses
           that
           may
           be
           made
           of
           Noctiluca's
           ,
           especially
           of
           the
           Consistent
           ,
           are
           not
           ,
           in
           probability
           ,
           all
           of
           them
           to
           
           be
           easily
           foreseen
           and
           declar'd
           ;
           especially
           by
           me
           ,
           who
           have
           not
           yet
           had
           time
           and
           ability
           to
           make
           those
           improvements
           of
           self-shining
           substances
           ,
           that
           ,
           by
           the
           assistance
           of
           the
           Father
           of
           Lights
           ,
           I
           hope
           will
           ,
           in
           process
           of
           time
           ,
           be
           attained
           .
           If
           the
           lucid
           vertue
           of
           the
           
             Constant
             Noctiluca
          
           could
           be
           (
           as
           I
           see
           not
           ,
           why
           it
           may
           not
           be
           )
           considerably
           invigorated
           ,
           it
           may
           prevent
           a
           great
           deal
           of
           danger
           ,
           to
           which
           
             Men
             of
             War
          
           ,
           and
           other
           Ships
           are
           expos'd
           ,
           by
           the
           necessity
           Men
           often
           have
           to
           come
           into
           the
           Gun-Room
           with
           common
           flames
           or
           fire
           ,
           to
           take
           out
           Powder
           ,
           which
           has
           occasion'd
           the
           blowing
           up
           of
           many
           a
           brave
           Ship.
           Our
           Light
           may
           ,
           perhaps
           ,
           be
           of
           use
           to
           those
           that
           dive
           in
           deep
           waters
           ;
           and
           also
           may
           very
           safely
           and
           conveniently
           be
           let
           down
           into
           the
           Sea
           ,
           to
           what
           depth
           one
           pleases
           ,
           and
           kept
           there
           a
           long
           time
           ,
           to
           draw
           together
           the
           Fishes
           that
           are
           wont
           to
           resort
           to
           the
           light
           of
           a
           Fire
           or
           Candle
           ;
           as
           in
           divers
           parts
           of
           Scotland
           and
           Ireland
           is
           well
           known
           to
           the
           Fishermen
           ,
           who
           get
           much
           profit
           by
           this
           resort
           .
           The
           same
           
           
             self-shining
             substance
          
           which
           in
           our
           
             Aerial
             Noctiluca
          
           affords
           a
           light
           ,
           that
           ,
           as
           faint
           as
           it
           yet
           is
           ,
           was
           able
           ,
           when
           I
           wak'd
           in
           the
           night
           ,
           to
           shew
           me
           distinctly
           enough
           the
           bigness
           and
           shape
           of
           some
           joints
           of
           my
           fingers
           ,
           and
           to
           discover
           itself
           in
           the
           shape
           of
           a
           
             Capital
             Letter
          
           (
           of
           the
           Alphabet
           )
           that
           was
           cut
           out
           of
           a
           piece
           of
           black'd
           Paper
           pasted
           upon
           the
           Vial
           ;
           this
           light
           ,
           I
           say
           ,
           may
           probably
           ,
           (
           at
           least
           when
           somewhat
           invigorated
           )
           suffice
           to
           shew
           the
           hour
           of
           the
           night
           when
           one
           wakes
           ,
           (
           with
           eyes
           unaccustomed
           to
           light
           )
           if
           it
           be
           plac'd
           ,
           instead
           of
           a
           Lamp
           or
           Candle
           ,
           behind
           an
           Index
           ,
           where
           the
           Figures
           employ'd
           to
           mark
           the
           Hours
           are
           cut
           out
           .
           It
           may
           also
           serve
           to
           make
           a
           guide
           knowable
           at
           a
           good
           distance
           off
           ,
           in
           spite
           of
           tempestuous
           Winds
           and
           great
           Showers
           ,
           and
           this
           in
           the
           darkest
           night
           .
           Divers
           ludicrous
           Experiments
           ,
           very
           pleasant
           and
           surprizing
           ,
           may
           be
           made
           with
           the
           Noctiluca
           ,
           by
           him
           that
           has
           enough
           of
           it
           .
           But
           these
           Trifles
           ,
           though
           very
           pretty
           in
           their
           kind
           ,
           I
           purposely
           pass
           over
           :
           as
           also
           an
           use
           that
           
           may
           be
           of
           great
           ,
           but
           I
           fear
           of
           mischievous
           ,
           consequence
           ;
           reserving
           what
           I
           have
           further
           to
           say
           of
           the
           usefulness
           of
           these
           
             self-shining
             substances
          
           ,
           till
           time
           shall
           give
           me
           more
           information
           ,
           and
           leisure
           .
           In
           the
           mean
           while
           I
           shall
           only
           intimate
           ,
           that
           probably
           the
           utilities
           that
           so
           Subtle
           and
           Noble
           a
           Substance
           may
           be
           brought
           to
           afford
           in
           Medicine
           ,
           may
           be
           more
           considerable
           than
           any
           of
           its
           other
           particular
           uses
           ;
           and
           that
           though
           our
           Noctiluca
           had
           none
           of
           these
           ,
           yet
           it
           may
           be
           highly
           valuable
           ,
           if
           it
           shall
           (
           as
           in
           all
           likelihood
           it
           will
           )
           be
           found
           conducive
           to
           discover
           the
           nature
           of
           so
           Noble
           a
           Subject
           ,
           as
           Light
           ,
           whose
           Encomiums
           would
           require
           more
           time
           than
           I
           can
           allow
           this
           writing
           .
           And
           perhaps
           they
           will
           seem
           needless
           ,
           when
           I
           shall
           have
           observ'd
           ,
           that
           Light
           was
           the
           
             first
             Corporeal
             thing
          
           the
           great
           Creator
           of
           the
           Universe
           was
           pleased
           to
           make
           ;
           and
           that
           (
           as
           our
           excellent
           Bacon
           has
           well
           noted
           ,
           to
           another
           purpose
           )
           he
           was
           pleas'd
           to
           alot
           the
           whole
           first
           day
           to
           the
           Creation
           of
           Light
           alone
           ,
           without
           associating
           with
           
           it
           in
           that
           Honour
           ,
           any
           other
           Corporeal
           thing
           .
        
         
           These
           things
           being
           premis'd
           ,
           I
           shall
           proceed
           to
           what
           I
           chiefly
           intended
           in
           this
           Paper
           ,
           viz.
           the
           mention
           of
           the
           Observations
           themselves
           ;
           as
           soon
           as
           ,
           to
           facilitate
           the
           understanding
           of
           them
           ,
           I
           shall
           have
           advertised
           you
           ,
           that
           though
           I
           fear
           't
           will
           always
           be
           difficult
           to
           get
           out
           without
           loss
           ,
           the
           
             self-shining
             substance
          
           rais'd
           by
           Distillation
           ,
           yet
           in
           
             our
             Experiment
          
           ,
           because
           the
           Vessels
           would
           not
           hold
           out
           intire
           to
           the
           last
           ,
           we
           had
           more
           difficulty
           ,
           than
           even
           we
           expected
           ,
           to
           get
           out
           the
           luciferous
           matter
           ,
           and
           were
           fain
           to
           save
           ,
           as
           much
           as
           we
           could
           of
           it
           ,
           by
           small
           parcels
           ,
           in
           distinct
           Vials
           .
           Whereof
           that
           which
           was
           first
           employ'd
           ,
           though
           it
           was
           judg'd
           to
           have
           receiv'd
           the
           vigorousest
           portion
           of
           the
           shining
           liquor
           ;
           yet
           for
           a
           Reason
           I
           elsewhere
           intimated
           ,
           (
           and
           because
           it
           was
           not
           at
           hand
           ,
           when
           I
           had
           first
           the
           opportunity
           to
           use
           it
           )
           I
           thought
           fit
           to
           make
           my
           Tryals
           with
           the
           Noctiluca
           ,
           I
           had
           sav'd
           in
           the
           second
           Vial
           ;
           setting
           aside
           
           some
           more
           faint
           and
           aqueous
           liquor
           ,
           that
           was
           afterwards
           sav'd
           in
           a
           third
           Vial
           ;
           and
           a
           thicker
           stuff
           that
           remain'd
           upon
           the
           Paper
           ,
           when
           some
           of
           the
           liquor
           had
           been
           put
           into
           it
           to
           be
           filtrated
           .
           Which
           Paper
           was
           kept
           in
           a
           fourth
           Glass
           ,
           which
           ,
           though
           (
           that
           it
           might
           admit
           the
           Paper
           and
           adhering
           luciferous
           stuff
           )
           it
           was
           wide-mouth'd
           ,
           yet
           was
           it
           kept
           carefully
           stopt
           .
           Of
           the
           Phoenomena
           I
           observ'd
           in
           the
           second
           of
           these
           four
           Glasses
           ,
           I
           shall
           ,
           God
           permitting
           ,
           at
           this
           time
           ,
           give
           you
           a
           short
           account
           ;
           designing
           ,
           if
           my
           haste
           will
           give
           me
           leave
           ,
           to
           add
           some
           Particulars
           ,
           that
           I
           may
           afterwards
           observe
           in
           those
           Portions
           of
           our
           Noctiluca
           ,
           that
           were
           received
           in
           the
           three
           other
           Glasses
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
         
           OBSERVATIONS
           MADE
           BY
           Mr.
           Boyle
           ,
           ABOUT
           THE
           AERIAL
           NOCTILUCA
           CONTAINED
           In
           His
           Second
           Vial.
           
        
         
           [
           Note
           ,
           That
           this
           Vial
           was
           capable
           of
           holding
           ,
           by
           our
           guess
           ,
           about
           two
           Ounces
           of
           Water
           ,
           but
           there
           was
           not
           in
           it
           above
           one
           small
           spoonful
           of
           our
           Liquor
           .
        
         
           
             Observation
             I.
             
          
           
             THE
             Liquor
             that
             afforded
             the
             
               Aerial
               Noctiluca
            
             ,
             (
             for
             which
             Reason
             ,
             and
             for
             Brevity
             ,
             I
             often
             call
             it
             
             the
             
               shining
               Liquor
            
             )
             by
             Day-light
             was
             not
             near
             Diaphanous
             ,
             and
             appear'd
             muddy
             ,
             and
             of
             a
             greyish
             colour
             ;
             somewhat
             like
             common
             water
             ,
             rendered
             opacous
             ,
             by
             having
             a
             quantity
             of
             wood-ashes
             well
             mingled
             with
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
             Observ
             .
             II.
             
          
           
             WHen
             no
             Light
             appear'd
             in
             the
             Glass
             ,
             we
             observ'd
             all
             the
             Cavity
             of
             the
             Vial
             ,
             that
             reach'd
             from
             the
             Liquor
             to
             the
             Neck
             ,
             to
             be
             transparent
             ,
             as
             if
             there
             were
             nothing
             in
             the
             Glass
             ,
             save
             a
             spoonful
             of
             dirty
             water
             at
             the
             bottom
             .
          
        
         
           
             Observ
             .
             III.
             
          
           
             BUT
             when
             the
             Liquor
             was
             made
             to
             shine
             vividly
             ,
             then
             all
             the
             Cavity
             of
             the
             Glass
             ,
             untaken
             up
             by
             the
             Liquor
             ,
             appear'd
             in
             an
             external
             Light
             to
             be
             full
             of
             Fumes
             .
             And
             this
             seeming
             smoke
             ,
             being
             ,
             in
             the
             Vial
             that
             contain'd
             it
             ,
             remov'd
             into
             a
             dark
             place
             ,
             appear'd
             lucid
             ,
             and
             sometimes
             look'd
             like
             
             a
             flame
             that
             seem'd
             to
             be
             reverberated
             ,
             and
             to
             be
             made
             ,
             as
             it
             were
             to
             Circulate
             by
             the
             close
             stop'd
             Neck
             and
             the
             Sides
             of
             the
             Vial.
             And
             the
             appearance
             of
             whitish
             fumes
             ,
             when
             the
             Glass
             was
             look'd
             upon
             in
             an
             external
             light
             ,
             was
             so
             usual
             a
             Concomitant
             of
             its
             fitness
             to
             shine
             in
             the
             dark
             ,
             that
             by
             looking
             upon
             the
             Vial
             by
             Day-light
             ,
             I
             could
             readily
             tell
             ,
             by
             the
             presence
             or
             absence
             of
             the
             
               whitish
               mist
            
             abovementioned
             ,
             whether
             the
             Matter
             would
             ,
             in
             a
             dark
             place
             ,
             appear
             Luminous
             or
             not
             .
          
        
         
           
             Observ
             .
             IV.
             
          
           
             WHen
             this
             Liquor
             had
             been
             kept
             for
             a
             competent
             time
             (
             as
             an
             hour
             or
             two
             ,
             and
             sometimes
             much
             less
             )
             in
             some
             dark
             and
             quiet
             place
             ,
             or
             even
             in
             my
             Pocket
             ;
             if
             in
             a
             darkned
             Room
             my
             eyes
             were
             cast
             toward
             the
             place
             where
             the
             Vial
             was
             held
             ,
             I
             could
             not
             perceive
             it
             to
             afford
             any
             light
             at
             all
             .
             And
             though
             I
             shak'd
             the
             Liquor
             strongly
             enough
             ,
             to
             give
             it
             at
             least
             a
             moderate
             agitation
             ,
             yet
             I
             could
             not
             discern
             ,
             
             that
             this
             Motion
             alone
             ,
             was
             able
             to
             bring
             the
             included
             Liquor
             ,
             or
             the
             Vapors
             it
             may
             be
             suppos'd
             to
             have
             sent
             up
             ,
             to
             be
             manifestly
             lucid
             .
          
        
         
           
             Observ
             .
             V.
             
          
           
             BUT
             as
             soon
             as
             I
             unstopt
             the
             Vial
             in
             the
             dark
             ,
             there
             began
             to
             appear
             ,
             as
             I
             expected
             ,
             a
             Light
             or
             Flame
             in
             the
             Cavity
             of
             it
             .
             I
             call
             it
             Light
             or
             Flame
             ,
             because
             I
             dare
             not
             yet
             speak
             Dogmatically
             of
             it
             ;
             though
             it
             agrees
             with
             Flame
             in
             divers
             particulars
             ,
             and
             though
             (
             also
             )
             I
             am
             not
             sure
             that
             all
             Flames
             must
             agree
             in
             all
             points
             with
             common
             Flames
             ,
             Experience
             having
             taught
             me
             the
             contrary
             ;
             and
             particularly
             ,
             that
             some
             Flames
             will
             burn
             ,
             and
             be
             propagated
             in
             close-stopt
             Vessels
             .
             I
             shall
             therefore
             on
             this
             account
             ,
             and
             for
             brevity's
             sake
             ,
             allow
             the
             aggregate
             of
             our
             shining
             Fumes
             the
             name
             of
             Flame
             ,
             (
             which
             Aristotle
             himself
             somewhere
             stiles
             
               Fumus
               accensus
            
             )
             but
             without
             positively
             asserting
             that
             it
             deserves
             it
             ,
             unless
             further
             Phoenomena
             shall
             be
             found
             
             to
             intitle
             it
             thereunto
             .
             But
             whatever
             be
             the
             nature
             and
             subject
             of
             this
             light
             ,
             the
             light
             itself
             appear'd
             to
             have
             ,
             in
             great
             part
             ,
             a
             dependance
             on
             the
             fresh
             Air
             ,
             as
             I
             judg'd
             probable
             by
             the
             following
             Phoenomena
             .
          
        
         
           
             Observ
             .
             VI.
             
          
           
             FIrst
             ,
             I
             never
             observ'd
             the
             light
             to
             disclose
             itself
             first
             ,
             either
             in
             the
             liquor
             ,
             or
             upon
             the
             surface
             of
             it
             ;
             but
             still
             the
             shining
             began
             at
             the
             upper
             part
             ,
             which
             was
             first
             touch'd
             by
             the
             outward
             Air
             ,
             and
             made
             a
             progress
             ,
             quick
             indeed
             ,
             but
             not
             so
             instantaneous
             ,
             as
             that
             the
             eye
             could
             not
             follow
             it
             ,
             from
             the
             top
             to
             the
             bottom
             of
             the
             Vial.
             
          
        
         
           
             Observ
             .
             VII
             .
          
           
             SEcondly
             ,
             The
             Contact
             of
             the
             Air
             seem'd
             necessary
             to
             the
             propagation
             as
             well
             as
             production
             of
             this
             flame
             or
             light
             :
             For
             if
             ,
             having
             shaken
             the
             Vial
             ,
             that
             the
             liquor
             might
             either
             wet
             the
             stopple
             ,
             or
             communicate
             something
             
             to
             it
             ,
             I
             warily
             bended
             the
             Cork
             this
             way
             and
             that
             way
             ,
             so
             that
             only
             a
             few
             particles
             of
             the
             outward
             Air
             could
             insinuate
             themselves
             between
             the
             stopple
             and
             the
             neck
             of
             the
             Glass
             ;
             there
             would
             appear
             on
             the
             sides
             ,
             and
             (
             perhaps
             )
             beneath
             the
             Cork
             ,
             
               little
               flames
            
             as
             it
             were
             ;
             which
             yet
             ,
             though
             very
             vivid
             ,
             were
             not
             able
             to
             propagate
             themselves
             downwards
             :
             whereas
             when
             the
             Cork
             was
             quite
             remov'd
             ,
             and
             access
             was
             thereby
             allow'd
             to
             a
             greater
             quantity
             of
             Air
             ,
             the
             flame
             or
             light
             (
             as
             was
             lately
             noted
             )
             presently
             diffus'd
             itself
             through
             the
             whole
             Cavity
             of
             the
             Vial
             ,
             and
             reach'd
             as
             low
             as
             the
             surface
             of
             the
             liquor
             .
          
        
         
           
             Observ
             .
             VIII
             .
          
           
             THirdly
             ,
             Though
             oftentimes
             the
             light
             seem'd
             more
             vivid
             near
             the
             surface
             of
             the
             liquor
             ,
             then
             elsewhere
             ;
             (
             whether
             because
             the
             lucid
             matter
             was
             there
             more
             dense
             ,
             I
             now
             examine
             not
             )
             yet
             when
             by
             stopping
             the
             Vial
             again
             ,
             presently
             after
             I
             had
             opened
             it
             ,
             I
             endeavoured
             
             to
             destroy
             the
             flame
             or
             light
             ;
             I
             generally
             observ'd
             ,
             that
             when
             it
             was
             ready
             to
             vanish
             ,
             (
             which
             in
             that
             case
             it
             usually
             did
             in
             no
             long
             time
             )
             it
             began
             to
             disappear
             first
             in
             the
             bottom
             of
             the
             Vial
             ,
             and
             seem'd
             to
             shrink
             as
             it
             were
             more
             and
             more
             upwards
             ,
             till
             it
             expired
             at
             the
             neck
             of
             the
             Vial
             ,
             (
             where
             it
             was
             nearest
             to
             the
             Air.
             )
          
        
         
           
             Observ
             .
             IX
             .
          
           
             FOurthly
             ,
             But
             on
             the
             other
             side
             ,
             when
             I
             kept
             it
             unstopt
             for
             some
             time
             ,
             as
             for
             two
             or
             three
             minutes
             of
             an
             hour
             ,
             though
             I
             afterwards
             stopt
             the
             Vial
             very
             close
             ,
             the
             Air
             ,
             that
             had
             more
             leisure
             than
             ordinary
             to
             insinuate
             itself
             ,
             would
             so
             cherish
             the
             flame
             ,
             that
             the
             light
             would
             continue
             sometimes
             an
             hour
             or
             two
             ,
             and
             lasted
             once
             or
             twice
             no
             less
             than
             three
             hours
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             Observ
             .
             X.
             
          
           
             
               FIfthly
               and
               lastly
            
             ,
             It
             seem'd
             that
             some
             Elastical
             Particles
             of
             the
             included
             Air
             ,
             or
             some
             Substance
             that
             concur'd
             to
             the
             maintenance
             of
             the
             Flame
             ,
             was
             wasted
             ,
             or
             depraved
             and
             weakned
             ,
             by
             being
             pen't
             up
             in
             the
             Vial
             with
             the
             Emanations
             of
             the
             Liquor
             ;
             since
             ,
             when
             the
             Vial
             had
             been
             kept
             stopt
             a
             competent
             time
             ,
             and
             its
             Cavity
             appear'd
             transparent
             in
             the
             outward
             light
             ;
             if
             I
             cautiously
             took
             out
             the
             stopple
             ,
             the
             external
             Air
             seem'd
             manifestly
             to
             rush
             in
             ,
             as
             if
             the
             springyness
             of
             the
             internal
             had
             been
             notably
             debilitated
             by
             the
             operation
             of
             the
             Flame
             ,
             upon
             the
             Matter
             with
             which
             it
             was
             kept
             imprisoned
             .
          
           
             Some
             of
             these
             Phoenomena
             easily
             brought
             into
             my
             mind
             some
             of
             those
             of
             an
             odd
             Experiment
             ,
             that
             I
             formerly
             imparted
             to
             the
             Curious
             .
             In
             which
             Experiment
             I
             observ'd
             (
             among
             other
             things
             )
             that
             the
             Spirit
             of
             Vrine
             ,
             impregnated
             with
             Copper
             ,
             after
             the
             manner
             
             there
             prescrib'd
             ,
             would
             continue
             limpid
             and
             colourless
             ,
             as
             long
             as
             the
             Vial
             ,
             that
             contained
             it
             ,
             was
             kept
             close
             stopt
             .
             But
             when
             once
             the
             Air
             came
             to
             touch
             the
             surface
             of
             it
             ,
             it
             would
             (
             sometimes
             in
             less
             than
             a
             minute
             of
             an
             hour
             )
             be
             so
             affected
             thereby
             ,
             that
             in
             a
             very
             short
             time
             (
             for
             't
             was
             often
             within
             some
             minutes
             )
             the
             Liquor
             would
             become
             of
             a
             
               transparent
               Sky-colour
            
             ;
             and
             afterwards
             ,
             the
             Vial
             being
             well
             stopt
             ,
             and
             kept
             in
             a
             quiet
             place
             ,
             would
             by
             degrees
             grow
             diaphanous
             ,
             and
             the
             Air
             included
             with
             it
             was
             wont
             to
             have
             its
             spring
             weakned
             .
             And
             as
             the
             change
             of
             colour
             was
             first
             produced
             at
             the
             surface
             ,
             where
             the
             Liquor
             and
             Air
             touched
             one
             another
             ,
             and
             was
             afterwards
             thence
             propagated
             downwards
             ;
             so
             when
             this
             
               Coeruleous
               Colour
            
             began
             to
             disappear
             ,
             the
             Liquor
             manifestly
             became
             limpid
             first
             at
             and
             near
             the
             bottom
             ,
             that
             is
             ,
             the
             part
             which
             is
             remotest
             from
             the
             superior
             Air.
             
          
           
             But
             to
             return
             to
             our
             Noctiluca
             ,
             the
             
               Five
               Phoenomena
            
             last
             recited
             ,
             and
             some
             
             others
             ,
             seem
             to
             favor
             the
             conjecture
             or
             suspicion
             I
             lately
             propos'd
             ,
             
               about
               the
               interest
               of
               the
               Air
               in
               our
               unburning
               flame
               .
            
             And
             to
             examine
             that
             suspicion
             ,
             I
             thought
             it
             less
             proper
             to
             make
             the
             foregoing
             Tryals
             with
             a
             more
             
               vigorous
               Noctiluca
            
             ,
             then
             in
             a
             substance
             ,
             wherein
             ,
             as
             in
             that
             we
             have
             hitherto
             employ'd
             ,
             the
             disposition
             to
             be
             kindled
             ,
             or
             excited
             to
             shine
             ,
             was
             but
             faint
             ;
             so
             that
             being
             ,
             as
             long
             as
             it
             remain'd
             ,
             unexcited
             ,
             opacous
             and
             dark
             ,
             the
             absolute
             ,
             or
             almost
             absolute
             ,
             necessity
             of
             the
             concurrence
             of
             Air
             to
             the
             actual
             shining
             (
             that
             constantly
             ensu'd
             upon
             its
             Contact
             )
             of
             the
             dispos'd
             matter
             ,
             seem'd
             manifest
             enough
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             An
             Occasional
             DIGRESSION
             .
          
           
             BUT
             to
             what
             ,
             this
             concurrence
             or
             efficacy
             of
             the
             Air
             ought
             to
             be
             ascrib'd
             ,
             is
             a
             Problem
             that
             seem'd
             to
             me
             so
             difficult
             ,
             that
             my
             thoughts
             were
             put
             upon
             several
             conjectures
             for
             so
             much
             as
             a
             tolerable
             solution
             of
             it
             ;
             for
             a
             taste
             of
             which
             ,
             I
             shall
             venture
             to
             offer
             to
             you
             one
             or
             two
             of
             those
             that
             least
             displease
             me
             .
          
           
             I
             thought
             it
             not
             improbable
             that
             the
             admitted
             Air
             ,
             either
             by
             some
             subtle
             Salt
             that
             it
             contain'd
             ,
             or
             upon
             some
             such
             account
             ,
             excited
             in
             the
             fumes
             ,
             it
             mingled
             with
             ,
             a
             kind
             of
             Fermentation
             ,
             or
             (
             if
             you
             please
             )
             a
             Commotion
             ,
             by
             which
             means
             the
             matter
             acquired
             so
             brisk
             an
             agitation
             ,
             as
             to
             propagate
             the
             
             motion
             to
             the
             eye
             ,
             and
             there
             make
             an
             impression
             ,
             the
             sense
             whereof
             we
             call
             Light
             :
             though
             it
             seem'd
             also
             not
             unlikely
             ,
             that
             some
             of
             the
             particles
             of
             the
             
               superveneing
               Air
            
             may
             so
             associate
             themselves
             with
             those
             congruous
             ones
             ,
             they
             met
             with
             in
             the
             cavity
             of
             the
             Vial
             ,
             that
             ,
             by
             that
             Coalition
             ,
             Corpuscles
             were
             produc'd
             ,
             fitted
             to
             be
             ,
             by
             the
             subtle
             Aetherial
             matter
             ,
             that
             abounds
             in
             the
             pores
             of
             the
             Air
             ,
             so
             pervaded
             and
             briskly
             agitated
             ,
             as
             to
             produce
             light
             .
             And
             it
             was
             not
             new
             to
             me
             ,
             that
             the
             Air
             should
             associate
             itself
             with
             invisible
             Exhalations
             ,
             and
             concur
             with
             them
             to
             make
             new
             Concretions
             :
             since
             I
             have
             several
             times
             prepar'd
             a
             volatile
             sulphureous
             liquor
             ,
             red
             as
             a
             Ruby
             ,
             which
             ,
             when
             the
             Vial
             has
             been
             kept
             close
             for
             some
             time
             ,
             suffers
             the
             empty
             cavity
             of
             the
             vessel
             to
             be
             transparent
             ;
             but
             upon
             the
             unstopping
             it
             ,
             and
             giving
             access
             to
             the
             outward
             Air
             ,
             it
             appears
             presently
             full
             of
             
               white
               fumes
            
             ,
             more
             opacous
             than
             a
             mist
             ▪
             And
             something
             like
             this
             ,
             though
             in
             an
             inferior
             degree
             ,
             may
             be
             observ'd
             when
             we
             unstop
             Glasses
             that
             are
             but
             
             partly
             full
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Salt
             ,
             or
             
               Aqua
               Fortis
            
             ,
             provided
             those
             liquors
             be
             rectified
             as
             much
             ,
             and
             no
             more
             ,
             then
             is
             fit
             .
             For
             the
             contact
             of
             the
             Air
             will
             presently
             make
             the
             former
             manifestly
             afford
             white
             fumes
             ,
             and
             the
             latter
             sometimes
             red
             ones
             ,
             and
             sometimes
             otherways
             coloured
             .
             But
             if
             I
             durst
             mention
             ,
             what
             my
             love
             to
             Mankind
             has
             oblig'd
             me
             to
             conceal
             ,
             even
             from
             my
             nearest
             Friends
             ,
             I
             could
             give
             an
             instance
             of
             a
             strange
             power
             of
             the
             Air
             to
             excite
             a
             vehement
             Motion
             in
             fitly
             dispos'd
             Matter
             ,
             though
             it
             be
             of
             a
             consistence
             far
             more
             unlikely
             to
             be
             thus
             agitated
             ,
             than
             the
             fluid
             substances
             of
             our
             Phosphorus
             :
             since
             I
             experimentally
             know
             a
             Body
             ,
             dry
             ,
             and
             solid
             enough
             to
             be
             pulverable
             ,
             that
             barely
             by
             the
             contact
             of
             the
             common
             Air
             ,
             will
             ,
             even
             when
             it
             is
             actually
             cold
             ,
             in
             very
             few
             minutes
             have
             its
             parts
             brought
             to
             such
             a
             degree
             of
             agitation
             ,
             that
             its
             heat
             is
             little
             less
             intense
             than
             that
             of
             some
             actually
             ignited
             Bodies
             ,
             and
             may
             ,
             if
             I
             please
             ,
             by
             the
             further
             action
             of
             the
             Air
             ,
             be
             brought
             to
             afford
             some
             light
             also
             .
          
           
           
             But
             against
             this
             conjecture
             
               about
               the
               cause
               of
               the
               Air
               's
               concurrence
               to
               the
               shining
               of
               our
               Noctiluca
               ,
            
             there
             came
             into
             my
             mind
             ,
             among
             other
             things
             ,
             a
             strong
             Objection
             ,
             that
             may
             be
             drawn
             from
             the
             
               Constant
               Noctiluca
            
             formerly
             mention'd
             to
             have
             been
             shewn
             by
             Mr.
             Krafft
             ,
             in
             which
             the
             lucidness
             was
             constant
             ,
             though
             the
             Vial
             that
             contain'd
             it
             ,
             was
             kept
             stopt
             .
             In
             answer
             to
             this
             ,
             I
             thought
             it
             might
             be
             said
             ,
             that
             the
             Particles
             of
             the
             lucid
             substance
             ,
             being
             in
             great
             numbers
             crowded
             together
             into
             a
             little
             room
             ,
             these
             concentrated
             Particles
             may
             be
             supposd
             to
             have
             been
             brought
             to
             such
             a
             state
             ,
             that
             they
             needed
             not
             the
             renewed
             assistance
             of
             the
             outward
             Air
             ,
             to
             continue
             shining
             ;
             either
             because
             their
             intestine
             motions
             were
             brisk
             enough
             to
             discuss
             the
             minute
             parts
             of
             the
             matter
             ,
             wherewith
             they
             were
             associated
             ,
             and
             so
             from
             time
             to
             time
             to
             generate
             or
             extricate
             ,
             &
             supply
             themselves
             with
             as
             many
             small
             Aerial
             Particles
             ,
             as
             were
             necessary
             to
             keep
             the
             mass
             they
             belong'd
             to
             ,
             luminous
             .
             Which
             conjecture
             may
             be
             illustrated
             by
             observing
             ,
             
             that
             though
             our
             common
             culinary
             flames
             are
             presently
             extinguish'd
             ,
             unless
             they
             be
             cherish'd
             with
             fresh
             Air
             ,
             yet
             I
             elsewhere
             recite
             an
             Experiment
             ,
             of
             a
             Composition
             ,
             which
             is
             so
             fitted
             to
             generate
             as
             much
             Air
             ,
             as
             it
             needs
             ,
             that
             I
             have
             several
             times
             found
             ,
             that
             it
             may
             be
             kindled
             ,
             and
             made
             to
             flame
             away
             ,
             even
             
               in
               vacuo
               Boyleano
            
             ,
             (
             as
             they
             call
             that
             made
             by
             our
             Air-pump
             .
             )
          
           
             Other
             things
             may
             be
             alledg'd
             both
             for
             and
             against
             the
             propos'd
             conjecture
             ,
             about
             the
             account
             on
             which
             the
             Air
             concurs
             to
             the
             light
             of
             our
             liquid
             Noctiluca
             ;
             but
             ,
             I
             hope
             ,
             it
             will
             not
             be
             impertinent
             to
             add
             ,
             that
             perhaps
             the
             concurrence
             of
             the
             Air
             may
             be
             considerable
             to
             both
             the
             Phosphorus's
             ,
             the
             fluid
             and
             the
             consistent
             ,
             but
             the
             external
             Air
             be
             necessary
             only
             to
             the
             former
             :
             because
             in
             the
             latter
             ,
             the
             luciferous
             Particles
             may
             have
             acquired
             such
             a
             texture
             ,
             as
             that
             of
             rotten
             wood
             ,
             or
             rather
             of
             whitings
             ,
             or
             the
             liquor
             of
             glow-worms
             ,
             taken
             out
             after
             they
             are
             dead
             .
             For
             in
             
             that
             state
             (
             whatever
             others
             have
             written
             )
             I
             have
             kept
             that
             Juice
             luminous
             for
             very
             many
             hours
             ,
             (
             not
             to
             say
             some
             dayes
             ;
             )
             and
             't
             is
             conceivable
             enough
             ,
             that
             in
             the
             
               Consistent
               Noctiluca
            
             ,
             by
             reason
             of
             the
             great
             numerousness
             and
             extreme
             minuteness
             of
             the
             parts
             ,
             and
             the
             unctuousness
             or
             viscosity
             ,
             or
             in
             a
             word
             ,
             tenacity
             of
             them
             ,
             the
             mass
             they
             make
             up
             ,
             is
             much
             less
             dissipable
             than
             that
             ,
             wherein
             the
             shining
             vertue
             of
             rotten
             wood
             ,
             or
             the
             juice
             of
             dead
             glow-worms
             resides
             .
             This
             conjecture
             may
             be
             confirm'd
             ,
             by
             observing
             as
             a
             thing
             very
             analogous
             to
             our
             Phoenomena
             ,
             that
             I
             have
             found
             some
             lights
             in
             putrid
             Bodies
             to
             be
             so
             faint
             ,
             that
             they
             would
             ,
             like
             that
             of
             our
             fluid
             Noctiluca
             ,
             (
             but
             far
             more
             quickly
             )
             disappear
             ,
             when
             they
             were
             totally
             depriv'd
             of
             Air
             ,
             as
             I
             several
             times
             found
             in
             parcels
             of
             rotten
             wood
             .
             And
             on
             the
             contrary
             ,
             others
             had
             so
             vigorous
             or
             tenacious
             a
             light
             or
             flame
             ,
             that
             ,
             like
             the
             splendor
             of
             the
             constant
             Noctiluca
             ,
             it
             would
             continue
             (
             though
             perhaps
             not
             in
             its
             full
             lustre
             )
             when
             the
             outward
             Air
             was
             in
             our
             
             Pneumatick
             Engine
             ,
             diligently
             drawn
             off
             from
             it
             .
             And
             on
             this
             occasion
             I
             call
             to
             mind
             another
             Experiment
             ,
             which
             seems
             yet
             more
             analogous
             ,
             than
             any
             hitherto
             alledg'd
             ,
             to
             our
             present
             production
             of
             flame
             or
             light
             .
             For
             having
             purposely
             kept
             certain
             Fish
             in
             a
             Glass
             ,
             freed
             from
             Air
             ,
             till
             I
             concluded
             it
             had
             lay'n
             longer
             than
             was
             necessary
             to
             bring
             it
             to
             that
             degree
             of
             Putrefaction
             ,
             which
             was
             wont
             to
             make
             such
             Fish
             ,
             at
             that
             time
             of
             the
             year
             ,
             to
             shine
             ,
             I
             could
             not
             perceive
             in
             the
             Cavity
             of
             the
             Glass
             the
             least
             glimpse
             of
             light
             :
             and
             presently
             after
             I
             had
             let
             in
             the
             outward
             Air
             ,
             it
             did
             (
             according
             to
             my
             expectation
             )
             as
             it
             were
             ,
             kindle
             a
             flame
             ,
             in
             the
             proximately
             dispos'd
             matter
             ,
             or
             at
             least
             produce
             in
             it
             a
             manifest
             light
             .
             And
             it
             may
             much
             conduce
             to
             shew
             ,
             that
             the
             lately
             mentioned
             difference
             of
             
               shining
               Bodies
            
             may
             be
             but
             gradual
             ,
             if
             I
             here
             observe
             ,
             that
             I
             found
             by
             tryal
             ,
             that
             in
             Bodies
             of
             the
             self
             same
             kind
             ,
             as
             for
             instance
             Glow
             worms
             ,
             or
             the
             same
             species
             of
             
             Rotten-fishes
             ;
             if
             the
             light
             were
             but
             faint
             ,
             the
             withdrawing
             of
             the
             Air
             
             would
             after
             a
             while
             make
             it
             quite
             disappear
             ;
             and
             the
             readmission
             of
             the
             Air
             would
             presently
             make
             it
             reappear
             ,
             as
             it
             happens
             in
             our
             
               Aerial
               Noctiluca
            
             .
             But
             in
             those
             individuals
             ,
             wherein
             the
             luciferous
             matter
             was
             more
             copious
             and
             vigorous
             ,
             and
             probably
             more
             tenacious
             ,
             the
             absence
             of
             the
             external
             Air
             did
             somewhat
             lessen
             or
             impair
             ,
             but
             not
             quite
             destroy
             the
             light
             ,
             and
             so
             possibly
             it
             might
             happen
             in
             Mr.
             
             Krafft's
             
               Consistent
               Noctiluca
            
             :
             For
             though
             it
             shone
             without
             the
             renew'd
             accession
             of
             external
             Air
             ,
             yet
             ,
             that
             it
             would
             have
             been
             more
             brisk
             and
             active
             ,
             if
             it
             had
             been
             assisted
             by
             such
             Air
             ,
             I
             was
             induc'd
             to
             think
             ,
             because
             (
             if
             I
             much
             misremember
             not
             )
             when
             once
             ,
             to
             gratifie
             my
             curiosity
             ,
             he
             took
             it
             out
             of
             the
             Vial
             ,
             he
             usually
             kept
             it
             in
             ,
             it
             did
             manifestly
             smoke
             and
             waste
             by
             the
             action
             of
             the
             Air
             ,
             and
             produc'd
             considerable
             effects
             of
             actual
             heat
             ;
             for
             this
             being
             done
             in
             the
             day-time
             ,
             in
             a
             Room
             we
             could
             not
             darken
             ,
             it
             could
             not
             indeed
             be
             expected
             ,
             that
             we
             should
             discern
             any
             augmentation
             of
             light
             ,
             but
             yet
             that
             there
             was
             
             one
             ,
             may
             probably
             be
             argued
             from
             the
             newly
             mentioned
             things
             ,
             that
             us'd
             to
             be
             its
             concomitants
             .
          
           
             Such
             Observations
             and
             Reflections
             incline
             me
             to
             think
             ,
             that
             ,
             to
             speak
             in
             a
             general
             way
             ,
             the
             light
             of
             our
             Noctiluca's
             depends
             upon
             a
             peculiar
             and
             very
             brisk
             agitation
             of
             some
             minute
             Particles
             of
             the
             
               shining
               matter
            
             ,
             in
             point
             of
             Bulk
             ,
             Shape
             ,
             and
             Contexture
             ,
             peculiarly
             fitted
             to
             impel
             the
             contiguous
             Aether
             to
             the
             bottom
             of
             our
             eyes
             ,
             and
             made
             me
             think
             it
             not
             improbable
             ,
             that
             the
             contact
             of
             fresh
             external
             Air
             ,
             might
             contribute
             to
             this
             peculiar
             kind
             of
             agitation
             in
             the
             
               Gummous
               Noctiluca
            
             ,
             as
             an
             helpful
             thing
             ,
             and
             in
             the
             
               Aerial
               Noctiluca
            
             as
             an
             
               almost
               necessary
            
             concurrent
             .
             But
             whether
             the
             Air
             concur
             to
             this
             effect
             ,
             as
             it
             does
             itself
             excite
             a
             brisk
             commotion
             in
             the
             fumid
             matter
             ,
             it
             invades
             ,
             or
             whether
             it
             makes
             a
             peculiar
             kind
             of
             dissipation
             of
             it
             ,
             or
             whether
             the
             Air
             ,
             or
             some
             fine
             substance
             contain'd
             in
             it
             ,
             operates
             on
             this
             occasion
             as
             a
             kind
             of
             
               vital
               spirit
            
             ,
             such
             as
             is
             
             found
             necessary
             ,
             not
             only
             to
             common
             flame
             ,
             but
             to
             that
             which
             is
             suppos'd
             to
             keep
             Animals
             alive
             ;
             or
             whether
             the
             Corpuscles
             of
             the
             admitted
             Air
             so
             combine
             with
             those
             ,
             that
             exhale
             from
             the
             grosser
             liquor
             ,
             as
             to
             become
             fit
             to
             be
             vehemently
             agitated
             by
             some
             aetherial
             pervading
             substance
             ?
             whether
             or
             no
             ,
             I
             say
             ,
             the
             agency
             of
             the
             Air
             in
             our
             Phoenomena
             ,
             be
             to
             be
             refer'd
             to
             one
             or
             more
             of
             the
             newly
             mentioned
             things
             ,
             or
             to
             some
             other
             cause
             of
             a
             peculiar
             and
             very
             brisk
             agitation
             ,
             which
             ,
             to
             speak
             in
             general
             ,
             seems
             to
             have
             the
             main
             stroak
             in
             the
             production
             of
             light
             ,
             is
             left
             to
             further
             inquiry
             .
          
           
             But
             I
             forget
             ,
             that
             my
             intention
             was
             to
             set
             down
             Observations
             ,
             not
             Hypothesis's
             .
             And
             indeed
             the
             Historical
             Part
             ,
             of
             what
             I
             had
             to
             say
             of
             Phosphorus's
             ,
             is
             far
             more
             useful
             and
             certain
             ,
             than
             the
             Conjectures
             I
             can
             yet
             make
             upon
             it
             .
             Because
             ,
             though
             I
             am
             content
             to
             let
             them
             pass
             ,
             in
             regard
             they
             may
             afford
             you
             some
             hints
             of
             further
             speculations
             ;
             yet
             the
             true
             solution
             of
             the
             Problem
             ,
             
             that
             has
             occasioned
             this
             Excursion
             ,
             may
             depend
             so
             much
             upon
             further
             Experiments
             and
             Observations
             ,
             that
             though
             ,
             it
             is
             
               not
               impossible
            
             ,
             that
             future
             Phoenomena
             may
             favor
             the
             propos'd
             conjectures
             ,
             yet
             ,
             it
             is
             
               not
               very
               unlikely
            
             ,
             that
             I
             shall
             hereafter
             see
             cause
             to
             change
             them
             for
             some
             Hypothesis's
             ,
             exceedingly
             different
             from
             them
             .
             To
             return
             therefore
             now
             to
             our
             
               Historical
               Observations
            
             .
          
        
         
           
             Observ
             .
             XI
             .
          
           
             ALthough
             ,
             in
             the
             moderately
             shaken
             Vial
             ,
             when
             the
             light
             was
             quite
             vanisht
             ,
             I
             could
             not
             make
             the
             liquor
             begin
             to
             shine
             ,
             yet
             when
             by
             unstopping
             it
             a
             little
             ,
             the
             flame
             was
             kindled
             in
             the
             Cavity
             of
             the
             Glass
             ,
             then
             ,
             by
             shaking
             it
             again
             ,
             though
             it
             were
             done
             more
             faintly
             than
             before
             ,
             the
             light
             seem'd
             to
             be
             manifestly
             increas'd
             by
             this
             agitation
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             Observ
             .
             XII
             .
          
           
             IF
             I
             took
             a
             little
             of
             our
             Liquor
             ,
             when
             't
             was
             in
             its
             dark
             state
             ,
             and
             laid
             it
             upon
             my
             hand
             ,
             or
             on
             the
             stopple
             of
             the
             Vial
             ,
             it
             would
             oftentimes
             lie
             there
             without
             disclosing
             any
             glimpse
             of
             light
             ;
             but
             if
             I
             rub'd
             it
             with
             my
             finger
             ,
             or
             some
             other
             fit
             Body
             ,
             it
             would
             then
             not
             only
             shine
             ,
             but
             shine
             more
             vividly
             ,
             than
             at
             best
             it
             us'd
             to
             do
             in
             the
             Vial
             ,
             when
             the
             Neck
             of
             it
             was
             stopt
             ;
             and
             this
             vivid
             light
             ,
             whil'st
             I
             continued
             to
             rub
             the
             matter
             ,
             it
             resided
             in
             ,
             seem'd
             from
             time
             to
             time
             to
             flame
             and
             flash
             ,
             and
             did
             not
             only
             invade
             the
             Nostrils
             with
             a
             strong
             and
             offensive
             smell
             ,
             but
             visibly
             sent
             up
             store
             of
             smoke
             ,
             as
             if
             it
             had
             been
             some
             common
             culinary
             flame
             ;
             and
             when
             ,
             upon
             my
             ceasing
             to
             rub
             the
             extravasated
             Liquor
             ,
             it
             ceas'd
             to
             shine
             for
             a
             pretty
             while
             ,
             yet
             when
             I
             return'd
             to
             rub
             it
             again
             ,
             it
             would
             again
             appear
             luminous
             :
             But
             by
             little
             &
             little
             the
             lucid
             vertue
             decay'd
             ,
             till
             't
             was
             to
             no
             purpose
             to
             rub
             any
             more
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             Observ
             .
             XIII
             .
          
           
             THE
             light
             of
             our
             Liquor
             ,
             when
             excited
             ,
             seem'd
             for
             degree
             much
             like
             that
             ,
             that
             I
             observ'd
             in
             
               some
               species
            
             of
             rotten
             wood
             ,
             that
             were
             not
             of
             the
             most
             vivid
             sort
             ,
             and
             when
             surrounded
             with
             Bodies
             of
             black
             colour
             ,
             the
             reflection
             of
             its
             light
             from
             them
             was
             little
             or
             none
             .
             But
             very
             white
             Bodies
             ,
             that
             were
             held
             contiguous
             to
             it
             ,
             were
             manifestly
             illustrated
             by
             it
             ,
             especially
             ,
             if
             the
             eye
             ,
             having
             been
             long
             kept
             in
             the
             dark
             (
             whereby
             the
             Pupil
             uses
             to
             be
             much
             opened
             ,
             and
             consequently
             capable
             of
             admitting
             more
             numerous
             beams
             )
             was
             made
             more
             susceptible
             of
             the
             fainter
             impressions
             of
             light
             .
             )
             Insomuch
             ,
             that
             ,
             when
             having
             plac'd
             the
             Vial
             by
             me
             ,
             when
             I
             went
             to
             Bed
             ,
             and
             was
             awake
             some
             time
             before
             Break
             of
             Day
             ,
             I
             enclos'd
             both
             the
             Glass
             and
             my
             Head
             between
             the
             Sheets
             ,
             the
             light
             seem'd
             to
             me
             to
             be
             very
             considerable
             ,
             and
             to
             enlighten
             the
             compass
             of
             a
             foot
             or
             more
             in
             Diameter
             ,
             and
             probably
             
             would
             have
             diffus'd
             itself
             further
             ,
             if
             it
             had
             not
             been
             bounded
             by
             the
             sheets
             ,
             whose
             whiteness
             made
             the
             reflection
             of
             the
             light
             from
             them
             appear
             very
             prettily
             .
             And
             by
             the
             help
             of
             this
             light
             ,
             I
             could
             easily
             perceive
             my
             Fingers
             ,
             and
             a
             Ring
             I
             wore
             upon
             one
             of
             them
             ,
             though
             I
             could
             not
             distinguish
             the
             colours
             of
             a
             reddish
             Diamond
             ,
             and
             a
             couple
             of
             Emeralds
             ,
             that
             were
             set
             in
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
             Observ
             .
             XIV
             .
          
           
             IN
             reference
             to
             the
             light
             within
             ,
             the
             included
             flame
             in
             our
             Vial
             was
             opacous
             ;
             for
             both
             at
             some
             other
             times
             ,
             and
             even
             when
             I
             made
             the
             last
             recited
             Observation
             ,
             I
             could
             not
             at
             all
             perceive
             my
             finger
             ,
             when
             the
             
               shining
               substance
            
             was
             interpos'd
             betwixt
             it
             and
             my
             eye
             .
             But
             in
             reference
             to
             the
             external
             light
             ,
             the
             flame
             or
             shining
             matter
             was
             Diaphanous
             ,
             for
             even
             in
             a
             very
             faint
             light
             ,
             by
             which
             ,
             I
             think
             ,
             I
             could
             scarce
             have
             read
             an
             ordinary
             Print
             ,
             if
             I
             held
             our
             luminous
             Vial
             between
             the
             window
             
             and
             my
             eye
             ,
             I
             could
             very
             plainly
             see
             my
             finger
             on
             the
             further
             side
             of
             the
             Glass
             ,
             though
             ,
             if
             my
             eye
             were
             plac'd
             between
             that
             and
             the
             light
             ,
             the
             transparency
             would
             appear
             somewhat
             lessened
             ,
             because
             the
             Cavity
             seem'd
             ,
             as
             was
             formerly
             noted
             ,
             fill'd
             with
             a
             kind
             of
             whitish
             mist
             .
             And
             the
             like
             transparency
             and
             whitish
             fumes
             ,
             observable
             in
             the
             same
             luminous
             steams
             or
             flame
             ,
             when
             the
             Vial
             was
             look'd
             on
             ,
             against
             ,
             and
             from
             ,
             the
             light
             ,
             I
             found
             ,
             if
             instead
             of
             the
             day-light
             ,
             I
             employ'd
             the
             light
             of
             the
             Candle
             .
          
        
         
           
             Observ
             .
             XV.
             
          
           
             HAving
             the
             opportunity
             of
             a
             convenient
             place
             ,
             and
             a
             fair
             Day
             ,
             I
             set
             the
             Vial
             about
             Noon
             in
             a
             window
             ,
             opened
             towards
             the
             South
             ,
             and
             left
             it
             there
             expos'd
             to
             the
             Sun-beams
             for
             a
             considerable
             time
             ,
             to
             try
             ,
             whether
             they
             would
             ,
             upon
             the
             account
             of
             their
             agitation
             ,
             or
             some
             imaginable
             affinity
             of
             nature
             ,
             kindle
             or
             excite
             the
             luciferous
             liquor
             ,
             or
             its
             effluvia
             .
             But
             I
             
             could
             not
             perceive
             that
             the
             Sun-beams
             had
             such
             an
             operation
             ,
             which
             I
             chiefly
             concluded
             from
             my
             not
             being
             able
             to
             perceive
             any
             whitish
             or
             mist-like
             fumes
             in
             the
             Cavity
             of
             the
             Glass
             ,
             for
             I
             durst
             not
             rely
             upon
             my
             not
             perceiving
             any
             light
             ,
             in
             the
             darkest
             corner
             of
             the
             Room
             ,
             because
             I
             suspected
             ,
             that
             might
             proceed
             from
             my
             eyes
             having
             been
             accustomed
             to
             the
             great
             light
             of
             the
             then
             fair
             day
             ,
             which
             made
             it
             less
             susceptible
             of
             impressions
             from
             a
             faint
             light
             .
          
        
         
           
             Observ
             .
             XVI
             .
          
           
             ACid
             and
             Alcalisate
             Spirits
             being
             reckoned
             by
             Chymists
             amongst
             the
             most
             subtle
             and
             operative
             substances
             ,
             obtainable
             from
             mixt
             Bodies
             by
             distillation
             ,
             I
             thought
             it
             very
             well
             worth
             while
             to
             try
             ,
             by
             taste
             ,
             whether
             our
             shining
             Liquor
             did
             notably
             abound
             with
             Particles
             of
             either
             of
             those
             kinds
             ?
             I
             did
             not
             find
             ,
             that
             the
             Liquor
             I
             put
             upon
             my
             Tongue
             was
             in
             the
             least
             Acid
             ;
             nor
             that
             it
             was
             sensibly
             
             Alcalisate
             ,
             as
             divers
             Modern
             Chymists
             call
             such
             volatile
             Salts
             and
             Spirits
             ,
             as
             are
             afforded
             by
             
               Harts-horn
               ,
               Blood
            
             ,
             and
             such
             like
             Subjects
             of
             the
             Animal
             Kingdom
             :
             But
             it
             seem'd
             to
             me
             to
             have
             an
             odd
             
               Empyreumatical
               taste
            
             ,
             almost
             like
             that
             of
             the
             Spirit
             of
             
               Crude
               Tartar
            
             ;
             its
             smell
             being
             also
             like
             that
             ,
             of
             some
             Empyreumatical
             Oil
             ,
             compounded
             with
             a
             stink
             ,
             somewhat
             like
             that
             of
             stale
             Urine
             .
             I
             likewise
             ,
             for
             further
             tryal
             ,
             let
             fall
             upon
             a
             piece
             of
             white
             Paper
             some
             drops
             of
             blue
             Syrup
             of
             Violets
             ,
             to
             which
             I
             put
             a
             little
             of
             our
             Liquor
             ,
             stirring
             them
             together
             with
             the
             tip
             of
             my
             finger
             ;
             but
             the
             mixture
             was
             not
             thereby
             turn'd
             green
             ,
             which
             it
             would
             have
             been
             by
             a
             quarter
             so
             much
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Harts-horn
             ,
             of
             Blood
             ,
             or
             of
             some
             other
             Spirit
             ,
             abounding
             with
             salt
             of
             an
             urinous
             nature
             ,
             or
             (
             as
             some
             love
             to
             speak
             )
             with
             a
             
               volatile
               Alcaly
            
             .
             Some
             other
             Tryals
             I
             made
             ,
             though
             but
             with
             very
             small
             quantities
             of
             our
             Liquor
             ,
             (
             because
             I
             had
             but
             very
             little
             of
             it
             to
             spare
             )
             and
             these
             Tryals
             did
             ,
             no
             more
             than
             the
             former
             ,
             evince
             the
             Liquor
             to
             
             belong
             manifestly
             ,
             to
             the
             Tribe
             of
             Acids
             ,
             or
             that
             of
             Alcalies
             ;
             though
             perhaps
             ,
             this
             may
             not
             be
             the
             case
             of
             All
             the
             portions
             of
             Liquor
             ,
             whether
             more
             dense
             ,
             or
             more
             aqueous
             and
             dilute
             ,
             that
             may
             be
             obtain'd
             by
             several
             degrees
             of
             fire
             ,
             and
             some
             other
             varying
             circumstances
             ,
             from
             the
             matter
             ,
             that
             affords
             Noctiluca's
             .
          
        
         
           
             Observ
             .
             XVII
             .
          
           
             Sometimes
             ,
             when
             for
             curiosity's
             sake
             ,
             I
             shook
             the
             Vial
             ,
             so
             that
             the
             whole
             Body
             ,
             even
             to
             the
             bottom
             ,
             of
             the
             Liquor
             ,
             was
             spread
             all
             over
             the
             inside
             of
             the
             Glass
             ,
             I
             could
             observe
             ,
             with
             pleasure
             ,
             that
             in
             many
             places
             divers
             little
             grains
             or
             corpuscles
             ,
             belonging
             to
             the
             opacous
             matter
             ,
             that
             concur'd
             to
             compose
             the
             Liquor
             ,
             stuck
             here
             and
             there
             to
             the
             inside
             of
             the
             Vial
             ,
             and
             that
             these
             ,
             being
             of
             a
             consistent
             ,
             not
             fluid
             nature
             ,
             and
             therefore
             probably
             more
             dense
             than
             the
             thinner
             parts
             of
             the
             Phosphorus
             ,
             did
             shine
             very
             prettily
             and
             distinctly
             ,
             and
             look'd
             almost
             like
             extreamly
             
             little
             stars
             ,
             or
             rather
             radiant
             sparks
             of
             fire
             ,
             whose
             light
             was
             brisk
             enough
             to
             be
             distinctly
             notable
             ,
             notwithstanding
             that
             of
             the
             flame
             ,
             that
             was
             contiguoas
             to
             them
             ,
             and
             fill'd
             the
             Cavity
             of
             the
             Vial.
             And
             these
             shining
             Corpuscles
             usually
             continued
             their
             peculiar
             vividness
             ,
             as
             long
             as
             I
             thought
             fit
             to
             look
             on
             them
             .
             Which
             great
             vigor
             of
             theirs
             ,
             together
             with
             their
             duration
             ,
             gave
             me
             hopes
             ,
             that
             the
             further
             prosecution
             of
             what
             had
             been
             brought
             thus
             far
             ,
             may
             afford
             us
             some
             ,
             not
             altogether
             despicable
             ,
             quantity
             of
             the
             
               Consistent
               Noctituca
            
             ,
             which
             ,
             by
             reason
             of
             its
             density
             ,
             tenacity
             ,
             or
             other
             peculiar
             disposition
             of
             parts
             ,
             may
             shine
             like
             the
             
               Constant
               Noctiluca
            
             of
             Mr.
             Krafft
             formerly
             mentioned
             .
          
        
         
           
             Observ
             .
             XVIII
             .
          
           
             BEing
             desirous
             to
             try
             ,
             not
             
               so
               much
            
             what
             the
             Air
             and
             Agitation
             would
             do
             ,
             towards
             the
             kindling
             or
             exciting
             (
             not
             the
             imprisoned
             Exhalation
             ,
             but
             )
             the
             Liquor
             itself
             of
             our
             Noctiluca
             ,
             
             (
             that
             having
             been
             partly
             done
             already
             
             )
             as
             what
             Water
             would
             do
             to
             quench
             it
             ;
             I
             thought
             fit
             to
             make
             the
             Experiment
             ,
             when
             Time
             and
             many
             Trials
             had
             much
             impair'd
             its
             vigor
             .
             And
             accordingly
             having
             ,
             in
             a
             dark
             place
             ,
             unstopt
             the
             Vial
             ,
             and
             wetted
             the
             tip
             of
             my
             finger
             with
             the
             included
             Liquor
             ,
             I
             could
             not
             perceive
             that
             then
             (
             as
             when
             it
             was
             freshly
             made
             )
             it
             gave
             any
             
               sensible
               light
            
             .
             Wherefore
             ,
             having
             rub'd
             the
             moistned
             finger
             against
             my
             other
             hand
             somewhat
             briskly
             ,
             for
             a
             few
             moments
             ,
             both
             the
             rub'd
             part
             of
             my
             hand
             and
             my
             finger
             appear'd
             adorn'd
             ,
             each
             of
             them
             ,
             with
             a
             flame
             ,
             and
             though
             upon
             my
             dipping
             my
             finger
             in
             water
             (
             that
             stood
             by
             ,
             ready
             for
             the
             purpose
             )
             the
             flame
             was
             ,
             as
             it
             were
             ,
             extinguisht
             ,
             since
             the
             light
             presently
             vanish'd
             ;
             yet
             ,
             having
             taken
             out
             my
             wet
             finger
             again
             ,
             and
             rub'd
             ,
             without
             having
             previously
             dry'd
             it
             upon
             the
             other
             hand
             ,
             as
             I
             had
             done
             before
             ,
             the
             light
             ,
             as
             I
             expected
             it
             would
             ,
             did
             quickly
             re-appear
             .
          
           
           
             Besides
             the
             foregoing
             Phoenomena
             of
             our
             luciferous
             Matter
             ,
             that
             occur'd
             more
             regularly
             ,
             there
             was
             one
             that
             hapned
             unexpected
             ,
             and
             may
             perchance
             ,
             (
             for
             till
             I
             have
             further
             observ'd
             ,
             I
             dare
             not
             speak
             it
             confidently
             )
             prove
             referrable
             to
             the
             Paper
             ,
             elsewhere
             publish'd
             ,
             
               About
               some
               latent
               qualities
               of
               the
               Air.
               
            
          
        
         
           
             Observ
             .
             XIX
             .
          
           
             THE
             Phoenomenon
             was
             this
             :
             having
             one
             night
             opened
             the
             Vial
             so
             often
             mentioned
             ,
             to
             shew
             the
             Production
             of
             light
             to
             a
             Virtuoso
             ,
             I
             quickly
             stopt
             it
             again
             ,
             and
             put
             it
             in
             my
             Pocket
             ,
             till
             I
             went
             to
             sleep
             ,
             and
             then
             laying
             it
             by
             me
             in
             the
             Bed
             (
             as
             I
             often
             did
             )
             when
             the
             Candles
             were
             carried
             out
             of
             the
             Room
             ,
             I
             perceived
             the
             light
             ,
             whose
             lasting
             ,
             I
             did
             not
             expect
             ,
             should
             exceed
             one
             hour
             ,
             to
             continue
             still
             vivid
             enough
             ;
             and
             then
             shaking
             it
             a
             little
             ,
             before
             I
             compos'd
             my self
             to
             sleep
             ,
             I
             laid
             it
             by
             ,
             till
             I
             wak'd
             in
             the
             morning
             ,
             and
             then
             looking
             upon
             it
             again
             ,
             it
             appear'd
             
             to
             my
             eyes
             (
             that
             then
             for
             several
             hours
             had
             been
             unaccustomed
             to
             the
             light
             )
             to
             shine
             more
             vigorously
             ,
             than
             it
             had
             done
             at
             first
             .
             And
             from
             the
             time
             I
             open'd
             it
             over
             night
             ,
             till
             the
             last
             time
             I
             had
             occasion
             to
             look
             upon
             it
             the
             next
             morning
             ,
             it
             had
             continued
             shining
             for
             twelve
             hours
             ;
             to
             which
             ,
             whether
             the
             extraordinary
             warmth
             ,
             that
             was
             observ'd
             that
             particular
             night
             had
             contributed
             any
             thing
             ,
             I
             dare
             not
             determine
             ,
             but
             shall
             rather
             add
             ,
             that
             though
             this
             Phoenomenon
             happen'd
             very
             rarely
             ,
             yet
             this
             was
             not
             the
             onely
             time
             that
             I
             observ'd
             it
             :
             For
             once
             more
             it
             occur'd
             to
             me
             ,
             and
             that
             time
             the
             light
             continued
             about
             15
             hours
             ,
             that
             I
             took
             notice
             of
             ,
             and
             how
             much
             longer
             it
             might
             have
             lasted
             ,
             I
             was
             hindered
             from
             observing
             .
             But
             this
             Circumstance
             seem'd
             considerable
             ,
             that
             the
             long
             duration
             of
             our
             unburning
             flame
             ,
             hapned
             ,
             after
             the
             rest
             of
             the
             Tryals
             and
             Observations
             had
             been
             made
             ;
             when
             by
             them
             ,
             the
             vigor
             of
             the
             luciferous
             matter
             might
             reasonably
             be
             expected
             to
             have
             been
             very
             much
             impair'd
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             Observ
             .
             XX.
             
          
           
             WHen
             I
             had
             set
             down
             the
             last
             mentioned
             Phoenomenon
             ,
             I
             thought
             I
             had
             concluded
             the
             Observations
             ,
             peculiarly
             belonging
             to
             the
             
               Aerial
               Noctiluca
            
             ,
             contain'd
             in
             our
             second
             Vial
             ,
             and
             hitherto
             treated
             of
             .
             But
             now
             I
             find
             my self
             ,
             by
             
               Philosophical
               Sincerity
            
             ,
             obliged
             to
             add
             another
             Phoenomenon
             ,
             which
             did
             somewhat
             trouble
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             surprize
             me
             ,
             and
             it
             was
             this
             .
             After
             the
             foregoing
             Observations
             had
             been
             made
             with
             our
             second
             Vial
             ,
             one
             night
             that
             I
             came
             to
             open
             it
             ,
             to
             shew
             one
             of
             my
             best
             Friends
             the
             production
             of
             light
             ,
             I
             found
             (
             little
             to
             my
             contept
             )
             that
             none
             at
             all
             appear'd
             ,
             though
             I
             shook
             the
             contained
             liquor
             ,
             and
             kept
             the
             Vial
             a
             pretty
             while
             unstopt
             ;
             so
             that
             ,
             if
             he
             had
             not
             known
             me
             well
             ,
             he
             might
             have
             entertain'd
             sinister
             thoughts
             of
             me
             ,
             till
             ,
             having
             taken
             out
             some
             drops
             of
             the
             liquor
             ,
             and
             rub'd
             it
             upon
             my
             hand
             ,
             it
             afforded
             so
             vivid
             a
             light
             or
             flame
             ,
             as
             satisfied
             him
             of
             the
             possibility
             
             of
             a
             true
             Noctiluca
             .
             And
             since
             that
             time
             ,
             I
             have
             not
             found
             the
             Vial
             to
             afford
             any
             light
             ,
             barely
             upon
             its
             being
             unstopt
             ,
             so
             that
             either
             (
             in
             spight
             of
             my
             care
             )
             some
             Bodies
             unskilful
             curiosity
             has
             ,
             unknown
             to
             me
             ,
             spoil'd
             the
             liquor
             ;
             or
             ,
             (
             which
             is
             more
             likely
             )
             so
             little
             a
             quantity
             ,
             as
             I
             had
             at
             first
             ,
             by
             the
             many
             and
             various
             Tryals
             I
             made
             with
             it
             ,
             is
             dispirited
             and
             become
             ,
             as
             it
             were
             ,
             effoet
             ;
             which
             ,
             't
             was
             lucky
             it
             did
             not
             do
             ,
             till
             the
             forecited
             Observations
             had
             been
             made
             with
             it
             .
             But
             ,
             as
             in
             one
             of
             those
             ,
             it
             has
             been
             conjectured
             ,
             that
             one
             of
             the
             chief
             accounts
             ,
             on
             which
             the
             Air
             itself
             may
             concur
             to
             the
             shining
             of
             our
             Noctiluca
             ,
             is
             ,
             as
             it
             excited
             a
             
               certain
               kind
            
             of
             brisk
             motion
             in
             the
             parts
             of
             it
             ,
             I
             thought
             fit
             to
             try
             ,
             whether
             ,
             though
             I
             had
             found
             the
             
               bare
               shaking
            
             of
             the
             Vial
             to
             be
             ineffectual
             ,
             yet
             an
             
               actual
               heat
            
             ,
             whereby
             the
             parts
             must
             be
             more
             vehemently
             and
             variously
             agitated
             ,
             might
             not
             inable
             the
             Air
             to
             do
             ,
             what
             otherways
             it
             could
             not
             perform
             ;
             I
             therefore
             held
             our
             Vial
             near
             the
             fire
             ,
             till
             it
             grew
             considerably
             warm
             ,
             and
             then
             by
             
             shaking
             it
             a
             little
             ,
             and
             unstopping
             it
             in
             a
             dark
             place
             ,
             I
             perceived
             the
             exhalations
             ,
             that
             possess'd
             the
             Cavity
             of
             the
             Vial
             ,
             to
             shine
             ,
             as
             formerly
             ;
             but
             their
             light
             was
             so
             momentany
             ,
             that
             it
             scarce
             sooner
             appear'd
             ,
             than
             vanish'd
             ;
             and
             though
             afterwards
             it
             sometimes
             appear'd
             ,
             it
             was
             not
             vivid
             ,
             nor
             lasted
             a
             minute
             of
             an
             hour
             ,
             nor
             perhaps
             half
             so
             long
             ;
             though
             it
             seem'd
             ,
             that
             when
             fresh
             Air
             was
             then
             allow'd
             access
             to
             it
             ,
             its
             duration
             was
             thereby
             somewhat
             lengthned
             .
             But
             how
             long
             our
             matter
             will
             retain
             a
             disposition
             to
             be
             excited
             ,
             even
             by
             these
             means
             ,
             to
             shine
             ,
             experience
             alone
             can
             determine
             .
          
        
      
       
         
         
         
           Additional
           OBSERVATIONS
           About
           the
           AERIAL
           NOCTILUCA
           .
        
         
           YOU
           may
           remember
           (
           Sir
           )
           that
           ,
           to
           clear
           the
           way
           to
           the
           twenty
           foregoing
           Observations
           ,
           I
           formerly
           told
           you
           ,
           that
           we
           received
           the
           luciferous
           matter
           ,
           obtain'd
           by
           our
           distillation
           ,
           in
           several
           
             small
             Glasses
          
           ,
           as
           we
           were
           able
           to
           save
           it
           .
           The
           parcel
           ,
           that
           was
           received
           in
           the
           second
           Vial
           ,
           afforded
           us
           the
           Phoenomena
           hitherto
           recited
           ;
           and
           now
           it
           will
           be
           fit
           to
           add
           to
           those
           ,
           such
           as
           more
           lately
           occur'd
           ,
           upon
           our
           considering
           the
           portions
           of
           luciferous
           matter
           ,
           preserv'd
           in
           the
           other
           Glasses
           ,
           and
           some
           also
           of
           the
           like
           lucid
           substance
           ,
           prepared
           another
           way
           .
           And
           though
           these
           Observations
           
           be
           not
           so
           numerous
           ,
           as
           the
           former
           ,
           and
           be
           ,
           a
           few
           of
           them
           ,
           near
           of
           kin
           to
           some
           of
           the
           others
           ;
           yet
           I
           shall
           not
           scruple
           here
           to
           subjoin
           them
           ,
           both
           because
           most
           of
           them
           are
           new
           ,
           and
           those
           that
           are
           not
           ,
           will
           serve
           to
           confirm
           and
           elucidate
           some
           of
           the
           foregoing
           Observations
           .
           Besides
           that
           ,
           't
           is
           not
           easie
           to
           know
           ,
           what
           
             Phoenomena
             may
          
           ▪
           and
           what
           cannot
           ,
           be
           useful
           ,
           to
           frame
           or
           verifie
           an
           Hypothesis
           of
           a
           subject
           new
           and
           singular
           ,
           about
           which
           we
           have
           not
           as
           yet
           (
           that
           I
           know
           of
           )
           any
           Good
           Hypothesis
           setled
           .
        
         
           A
           small
           portion
           of
           liquor
           ,
           (
           not
           much
           exceeding
           a
           spoonful
           )
           that
           was
           the
           first
           ,
           and
           was
           judg'd
           the
           best
           ,
           I
           sav'd
           ,
           being
           put
           into
           a
           long
           ,
           and
           somewhat
           slender
           Cylindrical
           Vial
           ,
           made
           of
           white
           or
           chrystalline
           Glass
           ,
           afforded
           us
           the
           ensuing
           Phoenomena
           .
        
         
           
           
             Observ
             .
             I.
             
          
           
             SOon
             after
             the
             muddy
             liquor
             (
             for
             such
             it
             appear'd
             to
             the
             eye
             )
             was
             poured
             into
             the
             Vial
             ,
             it
             was
             so
             vigorously
             luminous
             ,
             (
             probably
             ,
             in
             great
             part
             ,
             from
             the
             contact
             and
             insinuation
             of
             so
             much
             Air
             ,
             as
             it
             met
             with
             in
             its
             transfusion
             ,
             )
             that
             not
             only
             it
             shone
             vividly
             ,
             but
             continued
             to
             shine
             ten
             hours
             ,
             that
             I
             took
             notice
             of
             ,
             before
             my
             occasions
             made
             me
             desist
             from
             observing
             it
             .
          
           
             This
             Experiment
             minds
             me
             of
             an
             Objection
             ,
             which
             I
             should
             have
             proposed
             and
             answered
             at
             the
             beginning
             of
             the
             foregoing
             Paper
             ▪
             if
             I
             had
             then
             remembred
             to
             do
             it
             .
             For
             ,
             whereas
             it
             may
             by
             some
             be
             thought
             improper
             for
             me
             ,
             to
             call
             our
             luciferous
             matter
             a
             
               self-shining
               substance
            
             ,
             in
             regard
             that
             it
             is
             not
             lucid
             ,
             without
             the
             concurrence
             or
             help
             of
             the
             Air
             :
             I
             answer
             ,
             That
             I
             do
             ,
             (
             and
             justly
             may
             )
             employ
             the
             word
             self-shining
             ,
             to
             signifie
             ,
             that
             the
             light
             our
             
             matter
             affords
             ,
             is
             not
             a
             light
             borrowed
             from
             any
             external
             lucid
             ,
             as
             is
             done
             by
             the
             Bolonian
             Stone
             ,
             and
             the
             
               Phosphorus
               Balduini
            
             ,
             but
             proceeds
             ,
             as
             it
             were
             ,
             from
             an
             
               inward
               principle
            
             of
             light
             .
             And
             Men
             scruple
             not
             ,
             upon
             such
             an
             account
             ,
             to
             reckon
             the
             flame
             of
             a
             Candle
             ,
             and
             a
             glowing
             Coal
             ,
             to
             be
             
               self-shining
               Bodies
            
             ,
             though
             neither
             of
             these
             will
             be
             kindled
             ,
             or
             continue
             to
             shine
             ,
             without
             the
             assistance
             of
             renewed
             Air
             ,
             no
             not
             for
             a
             
               few
               minutes
            
             :
             whereas
             ,
             the
             newly
             recited
             Phoenomenon
             of
             our
             Noctiluca
             ,
             shews
             ,
             that
             ,
             our
             prepar'd
             matter
             ,
             being
             for
             a
             very
             short
             time
             ,
             (
             perhaps
             but
             few
             minutes
             )
             impregnated
             by
             the
             Air
             ,
             't
             will
             continue
             to
             shine
             
               many
               hours
            
             in
             a
             well
             stop'd
             Glass
             ,
             that
             hinders
             it
             from
             being
             reliev'd
             by
             any
             supply
             of
             fresh
             Air.
             
          
        
         
           
             Observ
             .
             II.
             
          
           
             WHen
             I
             set
             down
             the
             Fifth
             ,
             and
             some
             other
             of
             the
             foregoing
             Observations
             ,
             I
             was
             not
             at
             leisure
             to
             discourse
             the
             Reasons
             that
             induced
             me
             to
             try
             for
             an
             
               Aerial
               Noctiluca
            
             ;
             and
             
             now
             also
             to
             save
             time
             ,
             I
             shall
             forbear
             launching
             into
             speculations
             upon
             that
             Subject
             ,
             and
             only
             tell
             you
             Historically
             ,
             that
             ,
             presuming
             the
             Matter
             ,
             that
             would
             shine
             in
             our
             Cylindrical
             Glass
             ,
             would
             not
             be
             so
             much
             the
             
               Liquor
               itself
            
             ,
             as
             an
             aggregate
             of
             such
             Effluviums
             of
             it
             ,
             as
             ,
             affected
             and
             excited
             by
             the
             Air
             ,
             would
             become
             lucid
             ;
             I
             thought
             fit
             to
             take
             particular
             notice
             ,
             how
             the
             Air
             would
             work
             upon
             the
             Exhalations
             of
             this
             more
             vigorous
             Liquor
             .
             And
             accordingly
             ,
             having
             heedfully
             open'd
             the
             Vial
             ,
             though
             I
             very
             soon
             after
             stop'd
             it
             again
             ,
             I
             observ'd
             a
             great
             Commotion
             to
             be
             made
             in
             the
             Cavity
             of
             the
             Glass
             ,
             unpossess'd
             by
             the
             Liquor
             :
             For
             the
             now
             lucid
             Exhalations
             seem'd
             to
             have
             a
             nimble
             and
             almost
             circular
             motion
             ,
             along
             the
             sides
             of
             the
             Glass
             ,
             and
             to
             make
             ,
             as
             it
             were
             ,
             a
             little
             whirlwind
             ,
             that
             impetuously
             carried
             it
             round
             ;
             and
             this
             renew'd
             Rotation
             was
             not
             only
             manifest
             ,
             but
             lasted
             much
             longer
             than
             one
             would
             have
             expected
             :
             so
             great
             a
             Commotion
             did
             the
             Air
             seem
             to
             have
             produced
             in
             the
             Effluviums
             of
             the
             Liquor
             ,
             
             and
             perhaps
             in
             the
             neighbouring
             parts
             of
             the
             Liquor
             itself
             .
             Upon
             the
             ceasing
             of
             this
             unusual
             motion
             ,
             the
             light
             did
             not
             cease
             ,
             but
             persevered
             ,
             though
             I
             had
             not
             occasion
             to
             observe
             ▪
             how
             long
             't
             would
             have
             lasted
             .
          
        
         
           
             Observ
             .
             III.
             
          
           
             I
             Will
             not
             determine
             ,
             whether
             the
             vertiginous
             motion
             ,
             mentioned
             in
             the
             newly
             recited
             Observation
             ,
             was
             in
             part
             produced
             by
             what
             happen'd
             in
             the
             ensuing
             Phoenomenon
             ,
             which
             was
             ,
             That
             having
             heedfully
             taken
             out
             the
             stopple
             of
             our
             Vial
             in
             a
             dark
             place
             ,
             after
             it
             had
             for
             a
             long
             time
             ceased
             from
             shining
             ,
             I
             observ'd
             the
             external
             Air
             to
             rush
             into
             the
             Cavity
             of
             the
             Glass
             with
             noise
             ,
             and
             so
             swiftly
             ,
             as
             did
             ,
             I
             confess
             ,
             surprize
             me
             :
             as
             if
             the
             preceding
             flame
             ,
             though
             not
             sensibly
             hot
             ,
             had
             ,
             after
             the
             manner
             of
             culinary
             flames
             ,
             considerably
             weakned
             the
             spring
             of
             the
             included
             Air
             ,
             and
             so
             disabled
             it
             to
             resist
             the
             whole
             pressure
             of
             the
             external
             Air
             ,
             when
             ,
             by
             the
             removal
             of
             the
             
             stopple
             ,
             it
             was
             expos'd
             thereunto
             .
             But
             I
             will
             not
             ,
             as
             I
             was
             saying
             ,
             determine
             ,
             whether
             this
             irruption
             of
             the
             Air
             ,
             may
             not
             have
             contributed
             to
             the
             circular
             motion
             of
             the
             lucid
             steams
             mention'd
             in
             the
             foregoing
             observation
             ?
             because
             ,
             though
             the
             affirmative
             seem
             a
             probable
             cause
             ,
             yet
             I
             was
             kept
             from
             concluding
             it
             a
             necessary
             or
             onely
             cause
             of
             the
             turbinous
             motion
             ,
             by
             my
             having
             some
             times
             ,
             when
             no
             such
             irruption
             of
             the
             Air
             had
             in
             a
             long
             time
             preceded
             ,
             observed
             Rotations
             of
             
               lucid
               matter
            
             in
             the
             Cavity
             of
             the
             Vial
             :
             which
             motion
             therefore
             seem'd
             to
             proceed
             from
             some
             other
             cause
             ,
             though
             (
             to
             add
             that
             by
             the
             by
             )
             this
             cause
             ,
             whatever
             it
             was
             ,
             produc'd
             but
             such
             a
             rotation
             ,
             as
             was
             less
             general
             ,
             less
             nimble
             ,
             and
             less
             lasting
             .
          
        
         
           
             Observ
             .
             IV.
             
          
           
             I
             Forgot
             to
             tell
             you
             in
             its
             due
             place
             ,
             (
             which
             was
             before
             the
             precedent
             Observations
             )
             that
             ,
             whil'st
             our
             Liquor
             was
             yet
             fresh
             and
             vigorous
             ,
             I
             dipt
             my
             
             finger
             in
             it
             ,
             and
             moistned
             with
             it
             several
             places
             of
             my
             hands
             ,
             and
             those
             of
             some
             Ladies
             ,
             that
             were
             desirous
             to
             be
             present
             at
             the
             spectacle
             .
             Which
             done
             ,
             we
             observ'd
             ,
             that
             the
             places
             that
             were
             touched
             ,
             especially
             if
             they
             were
             a
             little
             rub'd
             ,
             shone
             very
             vividly
             ,
             as
             if
             actual
             flames
             ,
             but
             not
             of
             a
             blue
             colour
             ,
             like
             that
             of
             
               Common
               Sulphur
            
             ,
             or
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             ,
             were
             burning
             on
             them
             .
             And
             these
             flames
             were
             not
             at
             all
             uniform
             in
             their
             manner
             of
             burning
             ,
             for
             they
             often
             seem'd
             to
             tremble
             much
             ,
             and
             sometimes
             ,
             as
             it
             were
             ,
             to
             blaze
             out
             with
             sudden
             flashes
             ,
             that
             were
             not
             lasting
             (
             which
             put
             me
             in
             mind
             of
             some
             of
             the
             
               faculae
               solares
            
             .
             )
             And
             though
             it
             might
             seem
             strange
             ,
             that
             so
             small
             a
             quantity
             of
             matter
             ,
             that
             stuck
             to
             this
             or
             that
             part
             of
             the
             hand
             ,
             should
             afford
             so
             durable
             a
             flame
             ;
             yet
             if
             that
             part
             itself
             were
             rub'd
             against
             the
             same
             persons
             other
             hand
             ,
             or
             the
             skin
             or
             linnen
             of
             a
             by-stander
             ,
             the
             part
             new
             touched
             would
             shine
             ,
             as
             the
             other
             continued
             to
             do
             :
             And
             though
             these
             flames
             were
             remarkable
             for
             their
             vividness
             ,
             yet
             they
             
             continued
             for
             a
             good
             while
             to
             afford
             the
             company
             a
             very
             pleasing
             spectacle
             ;
             and
             ,
             (
             which
             was
             remarkable
             )
             notwithstanding
             the
             darkness
             of
             the
             Room
             ,
             it
             was
             manifest
             ,
             that
             they
             emitted
             great
             store
             of
             whitish
             smoke
             ,
             which
             ,
             or
             some
             other
             Effluviums
             from
             the
             same
             matter
             ,
             imbued
             the
             neighbouring
             Air
             with
             a
             ranck
             and
             offensive
             smell
             .
             The
             colour
             of
             these
             seeming
             flames
             ,
             was
             not
             like
             the
             Phosphorus
             of
             Balduinus
             ,
             when
             't
             is
             very
             well
             prepar'd
             ,
             and
             has
             been
             expos'd
             to
             a
             vigorous
             light
             ,
             red
             ,
             almost
             like
             a
             well-kindled
             Charcoal
             ;
             but
             yellow
             ,
             like
             that
             of
             the
             middle
             part
             of
             the
             flame
             of
             a
             Candle
             .
          
           
             And
             notwithstanding
             the
             Blazes
             and
             Smoke
             ,
             that
             accompanied
             these
             flames
             ,
             we
             could
             not
             perceive
             in
             them
             any
             sensible
             Heat
             ,
             (
             that
             is
             ,
             any
             confused
             agitation
             of
             parts
             ,
             exceeding
             that
             of
             the
             parts
             of
             our
             Organs
             of
             touch
             )
             nor
             did
             they
             at
             all
             singe
             the
             fine
             Linnen
             of
             the
             Ladies
             ,
             whereon
             some
             of
             them
             seem'd
             to
             burn
             ;
             so
             that
             if
             we
             admit
             ,
             
             with
             many
             learned
             Moderns
             ,
             a
             
               flamma
               vitalis
            
             in
             the
             heart
             ,
             this
             unburning
             and
             innoxious
             flame
             may
             supply
             us
             with
             a
             far
             better
             specimen
             or
             illustration
             thereof
             ,
             than
             the
             flame
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             that
             is
             still
             commonly
             employ'd
             ,
             for
             an
             Example
             ;
             though
             I
             have
             many
             years
             ago
             endeavor'd
             to
             rectifie
             the
             Error
             ,
             by
             proving
             experimentally
             ,
             that
             the
             flame
             of
             Spirit
             of
             Wine
             is
             very
             hot
             and
             devouring
             ,
             insomuch
             that
             I
             have
             melted
             Glass
             and
             Gold
             itself
             with
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
             Observ
             .
             V.
             
          
           
             WHen
             ,
             with
             my
             finger
             dipt
             in
             the
             forementioned
             Liquor
             ,
             I
             drew
             short
             lines
             upon
             Linnen
             ,
             there
             was
             left
             a
             shining
             track
             upon
             that
             part
             ,
             over
             which
             my
             finger
             had
             newly
             passed
             ,
             so
             that
             't
             is
             not
             to
             be
             denied
             ,
             that
             one
             may
             write
             lucid
             Characters
             upon
             white
             Paper
             ;
             and
             yet
             ,
             when
             ,
             having
             found
             our
             Liquor
             too
             thick
             ,
             or
             too
             faintly
             lucid
             ,
             to
             be
             employ'd
             ,
             like
             Ink
             in
             an
             ordinary
             Pen
             ;
             I
             thought
             fit
             to
             try
             ,
             whether
             I
             could
             draw
             lucid
             Letters
             
             with
             a
             (
             middle-siz'd
             )
             Pencil
             ,
             instead
             of
             a
             Pen
             ,
             and
             had
             ,
             for
             that
             purpose
             ,
             dipt
             it
             in
             our
             Liquor
             ;
             I
             was
             somewhat
             surpriz'd
             to
             find
             ,
             that
             the
             Characters
             I
             had
             newly
             drawn
             ,
             did
             not
             at
             all
             shine
             in
             the
             dark
             :
             But
             suspecting
             ,
             that
             the
             Pencil
             might
             have
             retained
             ,
             among
             the
             hairs
             it
             consisted
             of
             ,
             the
             more
             tenacious
             and
             vigorous
             parts
             of
             the
             matter
             it
             had
             imbib'd
             ,
             and
             had
             left
             only
             the
             more
             aqueous
             and
             strengthless
             parts
             upon
             the
             Paper
             ;
             I
             took
             the
             Pencil
             in
             one
             hand
             ,
             and
             with
             the
             other
             ,
             comprest
             and
             wreath'd
             a
             little
             the
             brushy
             part
             of
             it
             ,
             to
             excite
             the
             matter
             ,
             that
             probably
             was
             lodged
             there
             .
             By
             which
             means
             ,
             that
             part
             of
             the
             Pencil
             was
             brought
             to
             look
             as
             if
             it
             were
             all
             of
             a
             
               light
               fire
            
             ,
             and
             seem'd
             to
             burn
             like
             a
             small
             Wax
             Taper
             ;
             but
             with
             a
             more
             blazing
             and
             pleasant
             flame
             ,
             which
             some
             times
             shooting
             downwards
             ,
             and
             playing
             about
             the
             hairs
             ,
             that
             compos'd
             that
             part
             of
             the
             Pencil
             ,
             brought
             into
             my
             mind
             those
             Verses
             of
             Virgil.
             
          
           
             
             
               Ecce
               levis
               summo
               de
               vertice
               visus
               Juli
            
             
               Fundere
               lumen
               apex
               ,
               tactuque
               innoxia
               molli
            
             
               Lambere
               flamma
               comas
               ,
               &c.
               
            
             
               Aeneid
               .
            
          
           
             But
             this
             delightful
             flame
             lasted
             not
             very
             long
             in
             its
             first
             vigor
             ,
             but
             decay'd
             by
             degrees
             ,
             till
             no
             more
             light
             at
             all
             was
             seen
             ;
             after
             which
             ,
             nevertheless
             ,
             the
             flame
             would
             of
             itself
             break
             out
             ,
             as
             if
             it
             came
             from
             the
             internal
             parts
             of
             the
             Pencil
             ,
             and
             would
             shine
             a
             pretty
             while
             ,
             and
             then
             seem
             quite
             to
             expire
             ;
             after
             which
             ,
             our
             light
             would
             on
             a
             sudden
             disclose
             itself
             again
             ,
             and
             ,
             when
             it
             had
             continued
             awhile
             in
             a
             tremulous
             motion
             ,
             dye
             again
             in
             all
             appearance
             .
             And
             't
             is
             to
             be
             noted
             ,
             that
             though
             this
             artificial
             
               Ignis
               Lambens
            
             ,
             if
             I
             may
             so
             call
             it
             ,
             did
             not
             ,
             that
             I
             perceived
             ,
             burn
             ,
             or
             singe
             the
             slender
             hairs
             ,
             among
             which
             it
             seem'd
             to
             flame
             ,
             yet
             ,
             as
             often
             as
             it
             appear'd
             ,
             it
             did
             manifestly
             emit
             ,
             perhaps
             as
             much
             ,
             if
             not
             more
             smoke
             ,
             than
             another
             burning
             Taper
             of
             that
             bigness
             would
             have
             done
             .
             And
             this
             vicissitude
             
             of
             extinction
             and
             reappearance
             of
             light
             ,
             lasted
             ,
             till
             I
             was
             weary
             of
             observing
             it
             ,
             and
             then
             ,
             having
             again
             with
             my
             fingers
             compress'd
             ,
             and
             somewhat
             strongly
             twisted
             the
             hairs
             of
             the
             Pencil
             ,
             I
             made
             them
             ,
             as
             formerly
             ,
             afford
             a
             considerable
             light
             ,
             which
             I
             thought
             was
             ,
             whil'st
             I
             was
             in
             the
             very
             act
             of
             wreathing
             the
             hairs
             ,
             accompanied
             with
             a
             very
             sensible
             ,
             but
             momentany
             Heat
             .
          
        
         
           
             Observ
             .
             VI.
             
          
           
             BUt
             notwithstanding
             the
             newly
             recited
             Heat
             ,
             't
             was
             in
             vain
             that
             I
             tryed
             ,
             by
             compressing
             the
             Pencil
             first
             ,
             and
             then
             rubbing
             it
             upon
             Gunpowder
             ,
             well
             dryed
             ,
             and
             somewhat
             heated
             ,
             to
             fire
             the
             Powder
             .
             This
             I
             fail'd
             to
             do
             likewise
             ,
             when
             I
             made
             the
             Tryal
             with
             circumstances
             somewhat
             more
             likely
             to
             make
             it
             succeed
             .
             Which
             I
             the
             less
             wondered
             at
             ,
             because
             I
             remember
             Mr.
             Krafft
             ,
             when
             he
             kindled
             Gunpowder
             in
             my
             Lodging
             ,
             was
             fain
             to
             make
             use
             of
             his
             Consistent
             and
             
               Constant
               Noctiluca
            
             ;
             
             and
             besides
             ,
             to
             have
             the
             Gunpowder
             prepar'd
             ,
             by
             being
             made
             so
             hot
             ,
             that
             't
             was
             almost
             ready
             to
             take
             fire
             of
             itself
             .
             Which
             circumstance
             ,
             I
             confess
             ,
             I
             was
             glad
             of
             ,
             as
             I
             also
             was
             of
             
               my
               own
            
             disappointments
             ,
             and
             some
             also
             of
             his
             ,
             because
             it
             gave
             me
             occasion
             to
             think
             ,
             that
             this
             ,
             otherwise
             innocent
             ,
             fire
             would
             not
             easily
             be
             perverted
             to
             the
             prejudice
             of
             Mankind
             ,
             which
             ,
             I
             have
             supprest
             more
             dangerous
             inventions
             than
             this
             ,
             to
             avoid
             contributing
             to
             .
          
           
             But
             upon
             this
             occasion
             I
             must
             not
             pretermit
             what
             happen'd
             to
             my
             Laborant
             ,
             when
             the
             distillation
             of
             our
             luciferous
             matter
             had
             been
             freshly
             made
             ;
             namely
             ,
             that
             ,
             having
             taken
             up
             some
             of
             the
             thicker
             substance
             with
             a
             Knife
             to
             put
             it
             into
             a
             Vial
             ,
             and
             having
             found
             that
             some
             of
             it
             afterwards
             stuck
             to
             the
             Blade
             ,
             he
             ,
             being
             in
             some
             haste
             to
             wipe
             off
             the
             adhering
             matter
             ,
             did
             with
             his
             Apron
             take
             strong
             hold
             of
             the
             Blade
             on
             both
             sides
             ,
             and
             then
             with
             his
             right
             hand
             drawing
             out
             the
             Blade
             nimbly
             ,
             so
             that
             't
             was
             strongly
             compressed
             in
             its
             
             passage
             between
             the
             thumb
             and
             fingers
             of
             his
             left
             hand
             ,
             he
             was
             much
             surprized
             to
             feel
             a
             
               smart
               Heat
            
             ,
             and
             presently
             looking
             upon
             that
             part
             of
             the
             Apron
             ,
             where
             it
             had
             been
             produced
             ,
             perceiv'd
             that
             it
             had
             in
             it
             two
             holes
             of
             some
             bigness
             ,
             which
             he
             concluded
             must
             have
             been
             produced
             there
             by
             burning
             ,
             both
             because
             of
             the
             intense
             heat
             he
             had
             felt
             before
             ,
             and
             because
             't
             was
             a
             
               ●ew
               Apron
            
             ;
             which
             ,
             when
             I
             had
             called
             for
             ,
             and
             heedfully
             inspected
             ,
             I
             did
             ,
             with
             him
             ,
             impute
             those
             holes
             to
             the
             action
             of
             the
             fire
             .
             Whence
             I
             judged
             it
             very
             probable
             ,
             that
             the
             thicker
             and
             almost
             unguentous
             part
             (
             if
             I
             may
             so
             call
             it
             )
             of
             our
             
               luciferous
               matter
            
             had
             a
             great
             disposition
             or
             propensity
             to
             admit
             a
             very
             brisk
             agitation
             ,
             since
             by
             an
             almost
             momentany
             ,
             and
             not
             very
             vehement
             ,
             motion
             ,
             it
             was
             put
             into
             an
             agitation
             ,
             that
             made
             it
             capable
             of
             burning
             
               New
               Callico
            
             (
             for
             of
             that
             the
             Apron
             was
             made
             .
             )
          
        
         
           
           
             Observ
             .
             VII
             .
          
           
             SInce
             I
             usually
             set
             down
             the
             
               Nocturnal
               Observations
            
             about
             our
             Noctiluca
             from
             time
             to
             time
             ,
             as
             I
             make
             them
             ,
             whil'st
             they
             are
             fresh
             in
             my
             memory
             ,
             and
             also
             have
             sent
             away
             to
             a
             Friend
             many
             of
             the
             precedent
             ,
             before
             I
             wrote
             ,
             (
             or
             mad●
             )
             the
             subsequent
             ,
             you
             will
             not
             ,
             I
             hope
             ,
             think
             it
             strange
             ,
             either
             ,
             that
             ,
             not
             having
             most
             of
             my
             materials
             at
             once
             together
             before
             me
             ,
             I
             have
             not
             methodiz'd
             them
             ,
             or
             ,
             that
             having
             been
             able
             to
             make
             but
             gradual
             discoveries
             of
             the
             Subject
             ,
             I
             inquire
             into
             ,
             the
             things
             ,
             I
             write
             of
             it
             ,
             should
             now
             and
             then
             chance
             to
             be
             coincident
             ,
             and
             my
             expressions
             about
             it
             should
             sometimes
             not
             be
             altogether
             uniform
             ,
             but
             the
             latter
             parts
             should
             agree
             more
             or
             less
             with
             the
             former
             ,
             as
             new
             or
             
               varying
               Phoenomena
            
             happen'd
             to
             require
             .
          
           
             Upon
             this
             account
             ,
             I
             shall
             not
             scruple
             to
             subjoin
             ,
             what
             has
             since
             occur'd
             to
             me
             ,
             about
             the
             Phoenomenon
             ,
             formerly
             
             mentioned
             in
             the
             Sixteenth
             Observation
             ;
             where
             I
             told
             you
             ,
             that
             I
             could
             not
             then
             clearly
             find
             ,
             either
             an
             Acid
             or
             an
             Alcalisate
             Salt
             ,
             to
             be
             predominant
             in
             the
             luciferous
             matter
             ,
             I
             then
             made
             use
             of
             .
             But
             ,
             having
             since
             employed
             some
             of
             the
             water
             ,
             that
             was
             taken
             out
             of
             a
             Receiver
             ,
             after
             it
             had
             there
             been
             somewhat
             impregnated
             with
             that
             matter
             ,
             I
             thought
             fit
             to
             try
             ,
             whether
             this
             water
             ,
             wherein
             probably
             the
             saline
             Particles
             of
             our
             Subject
             might
             be
             more
             copiously
             dissolved
             ,
             or
             more
             active
             ,
             would
             not
             discover
             itself
             to
             contain
             somewhat
             of
             
               volatile
               Alcaly
            
             .
             And
             to
             satisfie
             my self
             of
             this
             ,
             I
             dropt
             a
             little
             of
             the
             Liquor
             upon
             some
             Syrup
             of
             Violets
             ,
             that
             I
             had
             put
             upon
             a
             piece
             of
             clean
             Paper
             ,
             and
             found
             ,
             I
             was
             not
             mistaken
             ,
             in
             thinking
             it
             would
             change
             the
             colour
             of
             the
             Syrup
             from
             Blue
             to
             Green
             ;
             which
             yet
             it
             did
             more
             faintly
             ,
             than
             the
             
               volatile
               Alcalies
            
             ,
             (
             as
             they
             call
             them
             )
             even
             when
             they
             are
             Phlegmatick
             ,
             are
             wont
             to
             do
             .
             This
             Liquor
             likewise
             ,
             as
             I
             remember
             ,
             made
             some
             conflict
             with
             Spirit
             of
             Salt
             ,
             when
             I
             
             first
             put
             them
             together
             ,
             as
             I
             inferred
             from
             the
             commotion
             of
             the
             mixture
             ,
             and
             the
             Bubbles
             thereby
             produced
             .
             Nor
             were
             these
             the
             only
             ways
             ,
             by
             which
             I
             was
             induced
             to
             think
             ,
             that
             a
             
               volatile
               Alcaly
            
             ,
             not
             an
             
               Acid
               Salt
            
             or
             Spirit
             ,
             was
             the
             predominant
             ,
             if
             not
             the
             only
             Salt
             ,
             contained
             in
             the
             faintly
             impregnated
             Liquor
             .
          
        
         
           
             Observ
             .
             VIII
             .
          
           
             BEfore
             I
             had
             set
             down
             many
             of
             the
             Observations
             contained
             in
             the
             first
             Paper
             ,
             I
             was
             desirous
             to
             try
             ,
             what
             would
             happen
             to
             our
             luciferous
             matter
             in
             such
             a
             vacuum
             ,
             or
             ,
             if
             you
             please
             ,
             in
             such
             highly
             
               rarified
               Air
            
             ,
             as
             is
             wont
             to
             be
             produced
             by
             our
             Air-Pump
             .
             But
             ,
             in
             regard
             a
             Glass
             was
             to
             be
             opened
             in
             the
             exhausted
             Receiver
             ,
             which
             is
             a
             difficult
             work
             to
             do
             ,
             I
             was
             fain
             ,
             for
             want
             of
             conveniences
             ,
             to
             desist
             from
             my
             endeavors
             ,
             and
             prosecute
             some
             other
             Experiments
             ,
             (
             most
             of
             them
             already
             recited
             )
             till
             at
             length
             being
             furnished
             ,
             though
             not
             with
             accurate
             ,
             yet
             with
             tolerable
             
             means
             of
             making
             a
             Tryal
             ,
             and
             thinking
             an
             imperfect
             one
             ,
             better
             than
             none
             at
             all
             ,
             I
             took
             a
             Vial
             ,
             that
             had
             some
             luciferous
             matter
             in
             it
             ,
             though
             but
             such
             ,
             as
             was
             not
             apt
             to
             shine
             long
             at
             a
             time
             ;
             and
             ,
             this
             Vial
             being
             well
             stopt
             ,
             I
             kept
             till
             the
             flame
             or
             light
             within
             it
             expir'd
             ;
             then
             ,
             having
             plac'd
             the
             Vial
             in
             a
             Receiver
             on
             our
             Pneumatick
             Engine
             ,
             we
             pumpt
             out
             the
             Air
             ,
             and
             then
             (
             not
             without
             some
             difficulty
             )
             pull'd
             out
             the
             Cork
             in
             a
             dark
             place
             ,
             whereupon
             there
             presently
             appeared
             some
             light
             in
             the
             Cavity
             of
             the
             Vial
             ,
             which
             I
             the
             less
             wondered
             at
             ,
             because
             we
             found
             by
             certain
             Signs
             ,
             that
             by
             reason
             of
             some
             disadvantageous
             Circumstances
             ,
             we
             could
             not
             so
             well
             pump
             out
             the
             Air
             ,
             and
             hinder
             the
             ingress
             of
             new
             ,
             as
             not
             to
             leave
             ,
             (
             though
             but
             very
             little
             ,
             yet
             )
             enough
             to
             excite
             a
             flame
             ,
             that
             by
             former
             experience
             we
             found
             to
             need
             but
             an
             inconsiderable
             quantity
             of
             fresh
             Air
             :
             But
             we
             observ'd
             ,
             that
             by
             the
             commotion
             of
             the
             Air
             ,
             occasioned
             by
             the
             pumping
             ,
             the
             flame
             would
             be
             as
             it
             were
             ventilated
             ,
             and
             blown
             up
             ,
             or
             made
             to
             shine
             more
             vividly
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             Observ
             .
             IX
             .
          
           
             BUT
             ,
             not
             being
             satisfied
             by
             the
             foregoing
             Experiment
             ,
             I
             thought
             fit
             to
             vary
             it
             ,
             after
             the
             following
             manner
             .
             There
             was
             taken
             a
             pretty
             large
             piece
             of
             Paper
             ,
             which
             ,
             being
             well
             moistned
             ,
             and
             partly
             besmear'd
             with
             our
             luciferous
             matter
             ,
             was
             thrust
             into
             a
             somewhat
             wide-mouth'd
             Glass
             ,
             which
             ,
             being
             put
             unstopt
             into
             a
             Receiver
             fastned
             to
             our
             Pneumatick
             Pump
             ,
             and
             with
             it
             kept
             in
             a
             dark
             place
             ,
             did
             there
             shine
             ,
             as
             I
             expected
             it
             would
             ,
             by
             reason
             of
             the
             contact
             of
             the
             Air
             ,
             yet
             contain'd
             in
             the
             Receiver
             .
             Presently
             after
             this
             ,
             the
             Pump
             was
             set
             a
             work
             ,
             and
             we
             observ'd
             ,
             as
             formerly
             ,
             that
             the
             commotion
             made
             of
             the
             Air
             about
             the
             Vial
             ,
             did
             manifestly
             enough
             increase
             the
             light
             for
             a
             while
             ;
             and
             that
             the
             light
             seem'd
             to
             be
             lessened
             ,
             during
             the
             pauses
             intercepted
             between
             these
             Commotions
             ,
             both
             by
             reason
             of
             the
             Rest
             ,
             as
             of
             the
             Absence
             of
             the
             Air.
             And
             I
             likewise
             took
             notice
             ,
             That
             the
             flame
             that
             seemed
             
             to
             pass
             from
             one
             part
             of
             the
             wrinkled
             Paper
             to
             the
             other
             ,
             did
             sometimes
             appear
             to
             have
             ,
             as
             it
             were
             ,
             a
             palpitation
             ,
             and
             to
             afford
             a
             very
             unequal
             light
             ;
             and
             though
             ,
             when
             the
             external
             Air
             was
             let
             in
             through
             the
             Pump
             into
             the
             exhausted
             Receiver
             ,
             the
             flame
             seem'd
             to
             be
             quenched
             ,
             yet
             I
             judge
             that
             to
             be
             only
             a
             temporary
             effect
             of
             the
             waterish
             vapors
             ,
             that
             the
             Air
             had
             taken
             along
             with
             it
             in
             its
             way
             through
             the
             Pump
             ;
             and
             therefore
             I
             caus'd
             the
             Receiver
             to
             be
             taken
             off
             the
             Engine
             ,
             and
             then
             ,
             the
             Spectators
             were
             quickly
             of
             my
             opinion
             ,
             observing
             ,
             that
             upon
             the
             free
             contact
             of
             the
             fresh
             outward
             Air
             ,
             which
             was
             not
             like
             that
             last
             mentioned
             ,
             depraved
             by
             moist
             vapors
             ,
             the
             matter
             adhering
             to
             the
             Paper
             was
             quickly
             seen
             to
             shine
             again
             ,
             and
             that
             more
             vividly
             ,
             than
             it
             had
             done
             in
             the
             Receiver
             .
             But
             because
             I
             suspected
             ,
             that
             this
             Vessel
             could
             not
             at
             
               that
               time
            
             ,
             for
             want
             of
             some
             conveniences
             ,
             be
             so
             well
             exhausted
             ,
             as
             on
             other
             occasions
             it
             has
             often
             been
             ,
             though
             ,
             by
             the
             Phoenomena
             ,
             hitherto
             recited
             ,
             it
             seemed
             to
             the
             Spectators
             
             that
             the
             flame
             was
             manifestly
             befriended
             ,
             and
             the
             light
             increas'd
             by
             the
             Air
             ,
             yet
             ,
             I
             think
             ,
             the
             Experiment
             deserves
             to
             be
             repeated
             ,
             when
             I
             shall
             be
             able
             to
             do
             it
             with
             more
             exactness
             .
          
        
         
           
             Observ
             .
             X.
             
          
           
             BEsides
             the
             Liquors
             ,
             that
             afforded
             us
             the
             foregoing
             Experiments
             ,
             we
             saved
             a
             little
             ,
             (
             though
             but
             very
             little
             )
             of
             a
             substance
             ,
             that
             was
             not
             liquid
             ,
             but
             yet
             almost
             as
             soft
             ,
             as
             mud
             .
             This
             we
             obtained
             ,
             by
             pouring
             some
             of
             our
             liquor
             ,
             taken
             out
             of
             the
             vessels
             ,
             when
             the
             distillation
             was
             ended
             ,
             into
             a
             Glass
             Funnel
             ,
             lin'd
             with
             Cap
             Paper
             ,
             to
             try
             ,
             whether
             't
             would
             filter
             .
             But
             finding
             ,
             that
             ,
             that
             ,
             which
             pass'd
             thorow
             ,
             was
             too
             thin
             and
             aqueous
             ,
             the
             filter
             was
             hastily
             ,
             and
             (
             for
             that
             reason
             )
             not
             very
             orderly
             wrapt
             up
             ,
             and
             put
             into
             a
             Glass
             ,
             not
             capacious
             ,
             but
             yet
             of
             a
             moderate
             wideness
             at
             the
             mouth
             ;
             that
             ,
             both
             the
             filter
             might
             be
             easily
             thrust
             in
             ,
             and
             the
             Glass
             might
             be
             exactly
             enough
             stopt
             with
             a
             strong
             Cork
             .
          
           
           
             After
             other
             Experiments
             (
             formerly
             recited
             )
             had
             been
             made
             ,
             I
             took
             this
             Glass
             ,
             and
             carried
             it
             into
             a
             dark
             place
             ;
             And
             though
             I
             could
             not
             perceive
             the
             least
             glimpse
             of
             light
             ,
             yet
             presuming
             ,
             that
             it
             contain'd
             some
             of
             the
             true
             matter
             of
             the
             
               Aerial
               Phosphorus
            
             ,
             or
             Noctiluca
             ,
             and
             consequently
             Exhalations
             ,
             that
             ,
             having
             been
             hindered
             by
             the
             stopple
             to
             flie
             away
             ,
             might
             be
             kindled
             or
             excited
             by
             the
             appulse
             of
             the
             Air
             ,
             I
             opened
             the
             Glass
             ,
             and
             saw
             ,
             (
             as
             I
             expected
             )
             an
             immediate
             Apparition
             of
             light
             .
             Which
             light
             did
             disclose
             itself
             ,
             sometimes
             upon
             a
             lesser
             ,
             and
             sometimes
             upon
             a
             much
             greater
             part
             of
             the
             very
             uneven
             surface
             of
             the
             included
             Paper
             ,
             and
             seem'd
             to
             pass
             for
             a
             great
             while
             (
             as
             long
             as
             I
             thought
             fit
             to
             stay
             to
             observe
             it
             )
             from
             one
             part
             of
             the
             Filter
             ,
             and
             one
             side
             of
             the
             Glass
             ,
             to
             another
             :
             I
             say
             ,
             seem'd
             ,
             because
             perhaps
             the
             Phoenomenon
             was
             produc'd
             by
             a
             train
             of
             eruptions
             of
             flames
             newly
             excited
             in
             several
             places
             ,
             rather
             than
             a
             bare
             propagation
             of
             the
             same
             .
             But
             whatever
             it
             was
             ,
             the
             motion
             ,
             (
             which
             was
             pleasant
             enough
             to
             behold
             )
             
             was
             so
             odd
             and
             irregular
             ,
             that
             it
             did
             not
             ill
             resemble
             the
             motion
             of
             fire
             kindled
             by
             sparks
             ,
             strook
             into
             a
             good
             quantity
             of
             Tinder
             .
             And
             this
             vertue
             of
             shining
             upon
             the
             ingress
             of
             the
             Air
             ,
             lasted
             many
             days
             in
             the
             abovementioned
             Paper
             .
          
        
         
           
             Observ
             .
             XI
             .
          
           
             BUT
             there
             was
             another
             Filter
             ,
             that
             afforded
             us
             a
             pleasing
             variation
             of
             this
             Phoenomenon
             ;
             the
             matter
             wrapt
             up
             in
             the
             inside
             of
             this
             Paper
             ,
             being
             somewhat
             more
             copious
             ,
             or
             better
             conditioned
             ,
             than
             that
             which
             adhered
             to
             the
             other
             lately
             spoken
             of
             .
             We
             took
             then
             this
             Paper
             ,
             and
             having
             unfolded
             it
             ,
             and
             kept
             it
             display'd
             in
             a
             dark
             place
             ,
             we
             had
             the
             pleasure
             to
             see
             a
             considerable
             number
             of
             flames
             of
             differing
             sizes
             and
             figures
             ,
             disclose
             themselves
             at
             the
             same
             time
             ;
             and
             though
             most
             of
             them
             were
             vivid
             ,
             yet
             few
             of
             them
             continued
             ▪
             long
             in
             the
             self-same
             place
             ,
             but
             they
             seemed
             frequently
             to
             change
             their
             scituations
             among
             themselves
             ,
             
             as
             well
             as
             their
             figures
             ,
             and
             extent
             ;
             or
             else
             new
             flames
             ,
             did
             incessantly
             break
             forth
             in
             new
             places
             ,
             according
             as
             the
             exhalations
             ,
             that
             did
             copiously
             and
             irregularly
             mingle
             with
             the
             contiguous
             Air
             ,
             did
             in
             several
             places
             happen
             to
             be
             
               in
               part
            
             ,
             as
             it
             were
             kindled
             by
             it
             ;
             I
             say
             ,
             
               in
               part
            
             ,
             because
             ,
             from
             the
             flames
             themselves
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             the
             unshining
             parts
             of
             the
             Filter
             ,
             there
             did
             manifestly
             ascend
             good
             store
             of
             smoke
             ,
             visible
             by
             the
             light
             afforded
             by
             the
             shining
             matter
             :
             And
             these
             flames
             did
             not
             keep
             a
             constant
             tenour
             in
             their
             way
             of
             blazing
             ,
             but
             had
             their
             tremblings
             ,
             and
             emications
             ,
             and
             these
             being
             usually
             accompanied
             with
             changes
             of
             figure
             ,
             and
             eruptions
             of
             light
             in
             several
             places
             at
             the
             same
             time
             ,
             't
             was
             a
             very
             pleasant
             sight
             to
             see
             the
             whole
             Area
             or
             Surface
             of
             the
             display'd
             Filter
             ,
             look
             as
             the
             Sky
             sometimes
             does
             ,
             especially
             in
             hot
             Countries
             ,
             when
             the
             eye
             may
             perceive
             flashes
             of
             lightning
             break
             forth
             in
             several
             places
             at
             once
             :
             But
             our
             Coruscations
             ,
             being
             as
             well
             more
             numerous
             ,
             as
             innocent
             ,
             made
             the
             Filter
             
             appear
             almost
             as
             variegated
             as
             Marble
             Paper
             :
             But
             with
             this
             advantage
             ,
             that
             ,
             besides
             that
             the
             appearance
             was
             almost
             perpetually
             changing
             ,
             the
             yellow
             parts
             were
             not
             only
             coloured
             ,
             but
             lucid
             ,
             and
             afforded
             those
             ,
             that
             look'd
             on
             them
             with
             me
             ,
             a
             delightful
             spectacle
             ,
             that
             lasted
             as
             long
             ,
             as
             we
             thought
             fit
             to
             gaze
             at
             it
             .
          
        
         
           
             Observ
             .
             XII
             .
          
           
             HAving
             strongly
             suspected
             ,
             that
             the
             agitation
             ,
             duely
             modified
             ,
             of
             a
             disposed
             matter
             ,
             was
             at
             least
             one
             of
             the
             chief
             Agents
             in
             the
             Production
             of
             Light
             ;
             I
             was
             not
             discouraged
             ,
             by
             finding
             that
             shaking
             of
             the
             Vial
             ,
             or
             making
             the
             contain'd
             Liquor
             more
             than
             lukewarm
             ,
             would
             not
             produce
             any
             Apparition
             of
             Light
             :
             I
             was
             not
             ,
             I
             say
             ,
             thereby
             discouraged
             from
             trying
             ,
             whether
             a
             more
             
               intense
               heat
            
             ,
             which
             would
             communicate
             a
             brisk
             and
             various
             motion
             to
             a
             multitude
             of
             the
             Corpuscles
             of
             the
             luciferous
             matter
             ,
             dispersed
             through
             the
             liquor
             ,
             would
             not
             
             do
             ,
             what
             a
             fainter
             Agitation
             was
             not
             able
             to
             perform
             .
          
           
             I
             thought
             also
             ,
             it
             deserved
             to
             be
             tried
             ,
             whether
             a
             considerable
             variation
             of
             Phoenomena
             ,
             would
             not
             be
             consequent
             to
             our
             changing
             the
             figure
             and
             capacity
             of
             the
             Glass
             ?
             especially
             ,
             if
             all
             immediate
             Commerce
             between
             the
             Cavity
             of
             the
             Vessel
             ,
             and
             the
             outward
             Air
             ,
             were
             carefully
             prevented
             .
          
           
             In
             order
             to
             both
             these
             Tryals
             ,
             I
             took
             some
             spoonfuls
             of
             Aqueous
             Liquor
             ,
             impregnated
             with
             some
             ,
             of
             the
             more
             soluble
             Portion
             of
             the
             luciferous
             matter
             ;
             which
             Liquor
             ,
             when
             it
             was
             setled
             ,
             was
             transparent
             ,
             as
             having
             but
             an
             inconsiderable
             quantity
             (
             which
             could
             not
             easily
             be
             separated
             from
             it
             ,
             )
             of
             that
             muddy
             substance
             ,
             formerly
             more
             than
             once
             mentioned
             .
             And
             this
             clear
             Liquor
             ,
             which
             ,
             (
             perhaps
             because
             of
             the
             absence
             of
             that
             thicker
             substance
             )
             was
             ,
             as
             it
             ought
             to
             be
             ,
             for
             my
             purpose
             ,
             so
             faintly
             impregnated
             ,
             that
             it
             would
             not
             ,
             with
             shaking
             ,
             or
             a
             mild
             heat
             ,
             afford
             any
             
             light
             ,
             was
             put
             into
             a
             round
             Bolt-Glass
             ,
             whose
             Globous
             part
             was
             capable
             of
             holding
             three
             or
             four
             times
             as
             much
             ,
             and
             whose
             Stem
             (
             or
             Pipe
             )
             was
             proportionable
             in
             wideness
             to
             it
             ,
             and
             above
             a
             foot
             in
             length
             .
             Having
             carefully
             stopt
             this
             Vessel
             with
             a
             Cork
             and
             sealing
             Wax
             ,
             't
             was
             in
             the
             night-time
             set
             in
             such
             a
             posture
             ,
             that
             ,
             by
             the
             intervention
             of
             sand
             ,
             it
             might
             be
             heated
             without
             breaking
             ,
             (
             as
             otherwise
             it
             would
             have
             been
             in
             danger
             of
             doing
             ,
             )
             and
             when
             the
             Ball
             was
             made
             so
             hot
             ,
             that
             I
             could
             not
             well
             endure
             it
             in
             my
             naked
             hand
             ,
             I
             speedily
             removed
             the
             Vessel
             into
             a
             dark
             place
             ,
             and
             having
             shaken
             the
             Liquor
             ,
             I
             perceived
             a
             light
             to
             break
             forth
             in
             the
             Ball
             ,
             which
             presently
             diffused
             itself
             thorow
             the
             whole
             Cavity
             of
             it
             ,
             but
             as
             quickly
             disappeored
             And
             some
             time
             after
             ,
             especially
             upon
             shaking
             the
             Glass
             ,
             the
             light
             would
             break
             forth
             again
             ,
             and
             soon
             after
             vanish
             ;
             and
             these
             fulguratious
             or
             flashings
             of
             light
             ,
             continued
             for
             a
             while
             to
             appear
             now
             and
             then
             ;
             but
             were
             unequal
             ,
             both
             as
             to
             their
             extent
             ,
             vividness
             ,
             and
             duration
             ,
             
             and
             when
             the
             Liquor
             grew
             cold
             ,
             they
             ceased
             quite
             .
          
        
         
           
             Observ
             .
             XIII
             .
          
           
             BUT
             whil'st
             it
             was
             yet
             considerably
             hot
             ,
             I
             thought
             fit
             to
             try
             ,
             whether
             by
             breaking
             the
             Liquor
             by
             a
             strong
             concussion
             ,
             some
             lucid
             substance
             would
             not
             be
             made
             to
             pass
             out
             of
             the
             Globous
             into
             the
             Cylindrical
             part
             ,
             &
             so
             vary
             the
             Phoenomena
             .
             And
             to
             this
             purpose
             ,
             having
             violently
             shaken
             the
             Liquor
             at
             several
             times
             ,
             with
             Pauses
             interposed
             ,
             I
             perceived
             some
             considerable
             Portions
             of
             the
             lucid
             matter
             to
             ascend
             into
             the
             Pipe
             ;
             and
             particularly
             once
             I
             had
             the
             pleasure
             to
             see
             a
             Portion
             of
             
               shining
               substance
            
             ,
             about
             the
             bigness
             of
             a
             Filbert
             ,
             or
             a
             small
             Almond
             ,
             mount
             directly
             upwards
             like
             a
             flame
             ,
             but
             not
             very
             swiftly
             ,
             from
             the
             Globous
             part
             of
             the
             Glass
             ,
             all
             along
             the
             Pipe
             ,
             till
             it
             reached
             the
             upper
             part
             of
             it
             .
             And
             at
             other
             times
             ,
             such
             flames
             ascended
             into
             the
             Pipe
             ,
             but
             not
             so
             high
             ;
             whence
             many
             would
             have
             confidently
             infer'd
             a
             
             
               positive
               levity
            
             in
             flame
             ;
             which
             yet
             I
             forbear
             to
             conclude
             ,
             because
             I
             once
             (
             at
             least
             )
             observ'd
             ,
             one
             of
             these
             Portions
             of
             shining
             matter
             ,
             to
             descend
             from
             the
             higher
             to
             the
             lower
             part
             of
             the
             Stem
             ,
             still
             retaining
             its
             lucidness
             all
             the
             way
             .
          
           
             I
             cannot
             now
             stay
             to
             debate
             ,
             whether
             ,
             the
             Phoenomena
             ,
             appearing
             in
             this
             Glass
             ,
             may
             illustrate
             ,
             or
             facilitate
             the
             Explication
             of
             what
             happens
             in
             the
             Production
             and
             Motions
             of
             some
             of
             those
             Meteors
             ,
             that
             are
             called
             fiery
             ;
             such
             as
             the
             
               Ignis
               Lambens
               ,
               Falling
               Stars
            
             ,
             Frequent
             Lightnings
             without
             Thunder
             ,
             in
             hot
             Summer
             nights
             ,
             and
             that
             wandering
             flame
             ,
             called
             
               Ignis
               Fatuus
            
             ?
             And
             whether
             or
             no
             ,
             it
             may
             be
             said
             ,
             that
             when
             such
             Bodies
             are
             generated
             ,
             there
             happens
             to
             be
             a
             convention
             of
             Particles
             so
             associated
             ,
             that
             they
             mutually
             agitate
             each
             other
             ,
             or
             are
             fitted
             to
             be
             agitated
             by
             a
             pervading
             Aethereal
             substance
             ,
             and
             put
             into
             a
             motion
             ,
             like
             that
             ,
             which
             in
             the
             lately
             mentioned
             Portions
             of
             our
             shining
             matter
             ,
             was
             able
             to
             produce
             light
             ?
          
        
         
           
           
             Observ
             .
             XIV
             .
          
           
             BUT
             ,
             instead
             of
             pursuing
             this
             Enquiry
             ,
             I
             shall
             relate
             to
             you
             a
             Phoenomenon
             ,
             that
             to
             me
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             those
             I
             shew'd
             it
             to
             ,
             was
             not
             a
             little
             delightful
             .
             For
             having
             ,
             by
             a
             Concussion
             ,
             fit
             for
             that
             purpose
             ,
             as
             it
             were
             spread
             the
             Liquor
             at
             once
             all
             over
             the
             inside
             of
             the
             Globe
             ,
             and
             of
             part
             of
             the
             Stem
             ,
             't
             was
             pleasant
             to
             behold
             ,
             how
             the
             luciferous
             matter
             ,
             dividing
             itself
             variously
             in
             its
             passage
             downwards
             ,
             adorned
             the
             whole
             Cavity
             of
             the
             Glass
             with
             a
             company
             of
             small
             lucid
             Bodies
             ,
             that
             both
             shin'd
             and
             twinkled
             ,
             like
             so
             many
             little
             stars
             ,
             adorning
             the
             Celestial
             Globe
             ;
             and
             the
             pleasantness
             of
             the
             spectacle
             was
             increased
             ,
             by
             their
             having
             manifest
             motions
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             true
             light
             .
             The
             slowness
             of
             their
             descent
             ,
             in
             Lines
             ,
             many
             of
             them
             very
             oblique
             ,
             made
             this
             pleasant
             sight
             last
             the
             longer
             ;
             and
             having
             more
             than
             once
             reiterated
             the
             Experiment
             ,
             (
             though
             not
             still
             with
             equal
             success
             ,
             )
             it
             afforded
             me
             some
             
             varied
             Phoenomena
             ;
             which
             I
             shall
             now
             forbear
             to
             mention
             ,
             both
             because
             I
             want
             time
             to
             write
             ,
             and
             am
             weary
             of
             writing
             ,
             as
             I
             fear
             you
             may
             be
             of
             reading
             .
             And
             therefore
             I
             shall
             here
             conclude
             your
             trouble
             and
             my
             own
             ,
             as
             soon
             as
             I
             shall
             have
             added
             the
             two
             following
             Particulars
             ▪
          
        
         
           
             Observ
             .
             XV.
             
          
           
             THE
             first
             whereof
             is
             this
             ,
             That
             having
             in
             such
             a
             Bolt-Glass
             ,
             as
             has
             been
             lately
             described
             ,
             given
             purposely
             and
             heedfully
             a
             certain
             kind
             of
             
               strong
               shake
            
             to
             the
             included
             Liquor
             ,
             when
             't
             was
             at
             a
             due
             degree
             of
             heat
             ,
             (
             which
             was
             not
             intense
             )
             I
             observed
             ,
             That
             on
             one
             side
             of
             the
             Globous
             part
             of
             the
             Glass
             ,
             and
             above
             the
             Body
             of
             the
             Liquor
             ,
             there
             was
             generated
             ,
             as
             it
             were
             ,
             a
             great
             spark
             of
             
               lucid
               matter
            
             ,
             about
             the
             bigness
             of
             a
             Pins
             head
             ;
             and
             yet
             hence
             ,
             (
             as
             I
             expected
             )
             there
             quickly
             was
             a
             flame
             or
             light
             diffused
             through
             the
             capacity
             of
             the
             Globe
             ,
             where
             it
             soon
             after
             vanished
             .
             From
             
             which
             Phoenomenon
             ,
             and
             some
             others
             of
             affinity
             to
             it
             ,
             whether
             ,
             it
             may
             be
             argued
             ,
             That
             this
             was
             a
             
               true
               flame
            
             ,
             which
             from
             a
             very
             small
             beginning
             ,
             was
             increased
             by
             Propagation
             ,
             and
             kindled
             the
             disposed
             Exhalations
             ,
             that
             it
             found
             dispersed
             throughout
             the
             Cavity
             of
             the
             Glass
             ;
             or
             ,
             That
             the
             motion
             of
             all
             light
             is
             not
             necessarily
             instantaneous
             ,
             since
             the
             progress
             of
             it
             ,
             even
             in
             so
             small
             a
             space
             as
             ,
             our
             Glass
             comprized
             ,
             was
             discernable
             ,
             I
             have
             not
             now
             the
             leisure
             to
             debate
             ,
             but
             must
             hasten
             to
             the
             last
             of
             the
             two
             promised
             Particulars
             ,
             which
             is
             ,
          
        
         
           
             Observ
             .
             XVI
             .
          
           
             THat
             ,
             (
             not
             here
             to
             mention
             how
             I
             have
             preserv'd
             a
             distill'd
             luciferous
             matter
             both
             with
             and
             without
             additaments
             in
             a
             
               consistent
               form
            
             )
             to
             try
             ,
             how
             long
             I
             could
             preserve
             our
             Liquor
             ,
             in
             a
             capacity
             to
             exhibit
             such
             pleasing
             Phoenomena
             ,
             without
             giving
             it
             new
             Air
             from
             time
             to
             time
             ,
             but
             only
             by
             keeping
             in
             the
             spirituous
             parts
             :
             I
             caus'd
             the
             Stem
             
             to
             be
             Hermetically
             seal'd
             ;
             presuming
             ,
             that
             ,
             notwithstanding
             this
             ,
             I
             could
             ,
             by
             a
             certain
             cautious
             way
             of
             holding
             the
             Vessel
             ,
             safely
             bring
             the
             included
             Liquor
             to
             an
             heat
             ,
             sufficiently
             intense
             ,
             to
             afford
             us
             the
             Phoenomena
             of
             light
             .
             In
             which
             Supposition
             I
             was
             not
             mistaken
             ,
             since
             the
             last
             recited
             Phoenomenon
             ,
             besides
             some
             others
             ,
             were
             made
             in
             this
             Hermetically
             seal'd
             Vessel
             ,
             in
             which
             the
             contain'd
             Liquor
             does
             ,
             as
             I
             this
             night
             try'd
             ,
             continue
             fit
             for
             that
             purpose
             .
          
        
      
       
         
         
           OF
           THE
           Way
           of
           preparing
           THE
           AERIAL
           NOCTILUCA
           .
        
         
           THE
           several
           Phoenomena
           of
           our
           
             Aerial
             Phosphorus
          
           or
           Noctiluca
           ,
           wherewith
           ,
           you
           have
           hitherto
           been
           entertain'd
           ,
           have
           ,
           I
           doubt
           not
           ,
           raised
           in
           you
           a
           pressing
           curiosity
           to
           know
           ,
           of
           what
           matter
           this
           
             self-shining
             substance
          
           was
           made
           ,
           and
           how
           that
           matter
           was
           prepar'd
           ,
           to
           be
           capable
           of
           affording
           it
           .
        
         
           Though
           two
           or
           three
           years
           are
           now
           past
           ,
           since
           I
           caus'd
           to
           be
           made
           ,
           more
           than
           once
           ,
           in
           my
           Furnaces
           ,
           a
           
             Phosphorus
             ,
             not
             unlike
          
           that
           of
           the
           learned
           Balduinus
           ,
           (
           I
           speak
           thus
           cautiously
           ,
           because
           I
           am
           not
           sure
           ,
           what
           particular
           
           matter
           He
           employs
           ,
           and
           I
           have
           brought
           more
           than
           one
           sort
           of
           Mineral
           Bodies
           ,
           to
           shine
           ;
           )
           yet
           I
           forbore
           to
           divulge
           ,
           what
           I
           knew
           ,
           because
           (
           as
           I
           declar'd
           to
           some
           curious
           Men
           ,
           that
           press'd
           me
           to
           do
           it
           ,
           )
           I
           was
           willing
           to
           leave
           him
           the
           liberty
           of
           publishing
           his
           invention
           .
           But
           finding
           he
           has
           not
           yet
           thought
           fit
           to
           impart
           it
           to
           the
           World
           ,
           there
           appear'd
           the
           less
           cause
           to
           expect
           that
           the
           secret
           of
           the
           Noctiluca
           ,
           which
           is
           a
           much
           more
           valuable
           thing
           ,
           would
           be
           suddenly
           made
           publick
           :
           And
           therefore
           ,
           without
           long
           waiting
           any
           man's
           leisure
           ,
           I
           resolv'd
           to
           impart
           to
           the
           Curious
           ,
           (
           and
           particularly
           ,
           Sir
           ,
           to
           your self
           ,
           )
           the
           knowledge
           of
           the
           matter
           ,
           I
           wrought
           upon
           ,
           and
           some
           directions
           how
           to
           manage
           it
           .
           And
           in
           pursuit
           of
           that
           resolution
           ,
           I
           am
           willing
           to
           gratifie
           the
           Virtuosi
           with
           that
           very
           process
           (
           for
           substance
           )
           which
           I
           set
           down
           ,
           for
           my
           own
           remembrance
           ,
           after
           I
           had
           the
           first
           time
           actually
           made
           the
           Aerial
           Noctiluca
           ;
           and
           which
           I
           afterwards
           deposited
           ,
           seal'd
           up
           ,
           in
           the
           hands
           of
           the
           very
           ingenious
           Secretary
           of
           the
           
             Royal
             Society
          
           ,
           
           in
           the
           presence
           of
           divers
           Members
           of
           that
           illustrious
           Company
           .
           And
           though
           since
           that
           time
           ,
           some
           other
           Tryals
           have
           enabled
           me
           to
           observe
           some
           Circumstances
           ,
           pertinent
           to
           that
           purpose
           ;
           yet
           I
           thought
           fit
           to
           leave
           it
           it
           as
           it
           was
           ,
           that
           others
           finding
           themselves
           ,
           in
           some
           sort
           ,
           oblig'd
           to
           employ
           their
           own
           industry
           ,
           their
           trials
           may
           ,
           as
           mine
           have
           done
           ,
           produce
           an
           instructive
           diversification
           of
           effects
           ,
           in
           an
           attempt
           ,
           where
           experience
           invites
           me
           to
           think
           ,
           that
           various
           degrees
           of
           fire
           and
           other
           circumstances
           ,
           (
           and
           perhaps
           Casualties
           too
           )
           may
           diversifie
           the
           Phoenomena
           ,
           and
           thereby
           both
           inrich
           the
           yet
           wanted
           ,
           and
           designed
           History
           of
           Light
           ,
           and
           assist
           the
           Speculative
           ,
           to
           accommodate
           a
           good
           Hypothesis
           to
           them
           .
           Reserving
           then
           for
           another
           time
           my
           
             latter
             Remarks
          
           upon
           the
           Observations
           and
           Process
           ,
           delivered
           in
           this
           Paper
           ,
           I
           shall
           now
           only
           give
           you
           a
           few
           short
           Advertisements
           about
           it
           .
        
         
           First
           ,
           I
           will
           not
           positively
           affirm
           ,
           that
           the
           matter
           ,
           I
           employ'd
           ,
           is
           the
           very
           
           same
           ,
           that
           was
           made
           use
           of
           ▪
           by
           the
           Ingenious
           
             German
             Chymists
          
           in
           their
           Noctiluca
           ;
           for
           some
           inquisitive
           men
           have
           very
           lately
           told
           me
           ,
           that
           the
           Germans
           mingle
           two
           or
           more
           distillable
           materials
           ;
           whereas
           I
           employ'd
           but
           one
           matter
           ,
           capable
           of
           Distillation
           .
        
         
           Secondly
           ,
           Though
           all
           the
           Twenty
           foregoing
           Observations
           ,
           and
           most
           of
           the
           Ten
           additional
           ones
           adnexed
           to
           them
           ,
           were
           made
           with
           that
           substance
           ,
           which
           I
           guess
           to
           be
           at
           least
           the
           chief
           ,
           that
           is
           employ'd
           by
           the
           Germans
           ,
           (
           which
           was
           done
           for
           a
           particular
           reason
           ,
           not
           needful
           to
           be
           here
           express'd
           ,
           )
           yet
           I
           first
           thought
           ,
           and
           upon
           my
           very
           first
           tryal
           ,
           found
           ,
           that
           't
           is
           possible
           to
           make
           a
           Noctiluca
           of
           a
           dry
           and
           
             pulverable
             substance
          
           ,
           that
           ▪
           for
           ought
           I
           can
           guess
           ,
           was
           never
           employ'd
           by
           Mr.
           Krafft
           ,
           or
           those
           he
           had
           his
           secret
           from
           .
           And
           besides
           this
           second
           sort
           of
           Phosphorus's
           ,
           we
           made
           a
           third
           ,
           that
           was
           obtain'd
           from
           a
           Body
           ,
           that
           never
           had
           been
           either
           a
           part
           ,
           or
           an
           excrement
           ,
           of
           a
           Humane
           Body
           ,
           nor
           was
           mingled
           with
           any
           thing
           ,
           
           that
           had
           been
           so
           .
           But
           though
           I
           found
           these
           
             self-shining
             substances
          
           somewhat
           differing
           from
           those
           made
           of
           the
           Liquor
           ,
           hereafter
           to
           be
           nam'd
           ;
           yet
           ,
           I
           cannot
           stay
           at
           present
           to
           say
           any
           thing
           more
           of
           them
           ,
           being
           content
           to
           have
           intimated
           ,
           That
           
             self-shining
             Phosphorus's
          
           have
           been
           actually
           obtain'd
           from
           more
           single
           Subjects
           ,
           than
           one
           .
        
         
           Thirdly
           ,
           To
           name
           the
           matter
           ,
           though
           never
           so
           explicitely
           ,
           would
           not
           ,
           in
           my
           opinion
           ,
           have
           sufficed
           to
           inform
           those
           that
           would
           work
           upon
           it
           .
           For
           Chymists
           themselves
           would
           ,
           in
           all
           probability
           ,
           work
           ,
           (
           as
           hitherto
           ,
           on
           other
           occasions
           ,
           they
           have
           wrought
           )
           upon
           the
           volatile
           and
           saline
           ,
           which
           they
           presume
           to
           be
           the
           only
           spirituous
           and
           noble
           parts
           of
           the
           Concrete
           ,
           throwing
           away
           the
           rest
           ,
           as
           useless
           and
           abominable
           .
           And
           on
           this
           occasion
           ,
           let
           me
           add
           ,
           that
           I
           was
           the
           rather
           induc'd
           to
           set
           down
           this
           process
           ,
           that
           we
           may
           both
           observe
           ,
           and
           thankfully
           acknowledge
           the
           wisdom
           and
           bounty
           of
           the
           great
           Author
           of
           Nature
           ,
           who
           ,
           for
           our
           encouragement
           to
           study
           
           even
           his
           meanest
           works
           ,
           has
           been
           pleased
           ,
           in
           a
           Body
           ,
           that
           is
           commonly
           thought
           one
           of
           the
           despicablest
           of
           the
           Universe
           ,
           to
           lodge
           so
           glorious
           and
           excellent
           a
           thing
           ,
           as
           a
           
             self-shining
             substance
          
           .
        
         
           Fourthly
           ,
           And
           I
           scarce
           doubt
           ,
           but
           this
           ,
           though
           it
           will
           be
           admired
           now
           ,
           will
           be
           much
           more
           priz'd
           hereafter
           ,
           when
           it
           shall
           be
           brought
           to
           greater
           perfection
           ;
           and
           when
           men
           shall
           have
           discover'd
           more
           of
           its
           uses
           ,
           which
           probably
           will
           be
           great
           in
           Physick
           ,
           and
           ,
           perhaps
           I
           might
           add
           ,
           to
           some
           purposes
           ,
           that
           few
           Chymists
           themselves
           do
           yet
           dream
           of
           .
        
         
           Fifthly
           ,
           One
           thing
           remains
           ,
           that
           ,
           to
           save
           ingenious
           men
           some
           labour
           and
           charge
           ,
           I
           think
           fit
           to
           give
           early
           notice
           of
           ;
           namely
           ,
           that
           having
           ,
           for
           tryal
           sake
           ,
           employ'd
           the
           Liquor
           ,
           hereafter
           to
           be
           named
           ,
           without
           previous
           fermentation
           or
           putrefaction
           ;
           though
           ,
           't
           was
           proceeded
           with
           after
           the
           same
           manner
           ,
           with
           that
           whereby
           we
           obtain'd
           our
           
           Noctiluca
           ;
           and
           though
           ,
           it
           afforded
           a
           substance
           for
           colour
           and
           consistence
           ,
           not
           unlike
           our
           
             luciferous
             matter
          
           ;
           yet
           I
           could
           not
           find
           ,
           that
           ,
           that
           substance
           would
           at
           all
           shine
           .
           And
           indeed
           ,
           there
           are
           so
           many
           Circumstances
           ,
           whose
           mistake
           may
           make
           the
           Experiment
           miscarry
           ,
           (
           as
           I
           have
           found
           to
           my
           trouble
           ,
           even
           since
           the
           Phosphorus
           ,
           whose
           Phoenomena
           are
           first
           set
           down
           ,
           was
           made
           )
           that
           ,
           though
           ,
           I
           were
           not
           now
           in
           haste
           ,
           I
           should
           be
           content
           to
           take
           time
           to
           learn
           better
           from
           experience
           ,
           how
           to
           instruct
           others
           ,
           before
           I
           venture
           to
           do
           it
           circumstantially
           ;
           and
           he
           that
           shall
           ,
           at
           the
           first
           attempt
           ,
           succeed
           in
           preparing
           this
           Liquor
           ,
           shall
           be
           thought
           by
           me
           ,
           either
           a
           very
           skilful
           ,
           or
           a
           lucky
           Operator
           .
        
         
           
             Sixthly
             and
             lastly
          
           ,
           That
           it
           may
           appear
           ,
           as
           well
           by
           the
           very
           different
           preparations
           ,
           as
           by
           the
           differing
           Phoenomena
           of
           the
           
             Phosphorus
             Hermeticus
          
           ,
           and
           of
           the
           
             Aerial
             Noctiluca
          
           ,
           that
           there
           is
           a
           great
           disparity
           between
           those
           
             lucid
             Bodies
          
           ,
           I
           shall
           here
           briefly
           add
           the
           way
           
           we
           employ'd
           to
           make
           either
           the
           
             Phosphorus
             Balduini
          
           ,
           or
           some
           other
           like
           it
           ,
           (
           for
           I
           am
           not
           certain
           ,
           what
           is
           the
           very
           way
           of
           that
           Learned
           Man
           )
           as
           it
           was
           practised
           in
           my
           Furnaces
           ;
           which
           ,
           in
           short
           ,
           is
           this
           .
        
         
           A
           Dissolution
           being
           made
           of
           fine
           white
           Chaulk
           in
           good
           
             Spirit
             of
             Nitre
          
           ,
           or
           clean
           
             Aqua
             Fortis
          
           ,
           it
           is
           to
           be
           filtrated
           thorow
           Cap-Paper
           ,
           and
           the
           clear
           Solution
           is
           to
           be
           evaporated
           ,
           till
           there
           remain
           a
           
             dry
             Substance
          
           :
           With
           this
           white
           Calx
           ,
           you
           are
           to
           overlay
           the
           inside
           of
           some
           Vessel
           ,
           made
           of
           good
           Earth
           ,
           that
           will
           endure
           the
           Fire
           ,
           and
           that
           of
           a
           round
           figure
           ,
           which
           is
           more
           convenient
           ,
           than
           that
           of
           ordinary
           Crucibles
           ;
           and
           to
           the
           matter
           ,
           contain'd
           in
           this
           Vessel
           ,
           you
           are
           to
           give
           ,
           for
           about
           half
           an
           hour
           or
           an
           hour
           ,
           (
           according
           to
           the
           largeness
           of
           it
           ,
           and
           other
           circumstances
           )
           a
           due
           degree
           of
           Fire
           ,
           which
           ▪
           't
           is
           not
           easie
           to
           hit
           ,
           and
           which
           ordinarily
           requires
           a
           conveniently
           shap'd
           Vessel
           ,
           whereby
           the
           flame
           or
           heat
           may
           be
           reverberated
           ,
           till
           you
           perceive
           
           the
           matter
           to
           have
           acquired
           a
           disposition
           ,
           to
           retain
           the
           light
           ;
           and
           then
           the
           earthen
           Vessel
           ,
           which
           usually
           ought
           to
           be
           somewhat
           shallow
           ,
           and
           not
           to
           exceed
           many
           inches
           in
           Diameter
           ,
           is
           to
           have
           a
           Cover
           of
           fine
           Glass
           or
           Chrystal
           carefully
           cemented
           on
           to
           it
           ,
           to
           preserve
           it
           from
           ,
           its
           great
           Enemy
           ,
           the
           Air.
           
        
         
           What
           we
           have
           observ'd
           ,
           in
           prosecuting
           this
           preparation
           ,
           is
           not
           so
           proper
           to
           be
           delivered
           at
           this
           time
           ,
           when
           my
           haste
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           some
           other
           things
           ,
           make
           it
           more
           fit
           ,
           that
           we
           should
           forthwith
           return
           to
           our
           
             Aerial
             Noctiluca
          
           ,
           of
           which
           ,
           after
           the
           foregoing
           things
           have
           been
           premis'd
           ,
           't
           is
           time
           that
           now
           there
           should
           follow
        
         
           
             THE
             PROCESS
          
           .
        
      
       
         
         
         
           THE
           Process
           .
        
         
           THere
           was
           taken
           a
           considerable
           quantity
           of
           
             Humane
             Vrine
          
           ,
           [
           because
           the
           Liquor
           yields
           but
           a
           small
           proportion
           of
           
             luciferous
             matter
          
           ,
           ]
           that
           had
           been
           ,
           (
           a
           good
           part
           of
           it
           at
           least
           )
           for
           a
           competent
           while
           ,
           digested
           or
           putrified
           ,
           before
           it
           was
           us'd
           .
           This
           Liquor
           was
           distill'd
           ,
           with
           a
           moderate
           heat
           ,
           till
           the
           spirituous
           parts
           were
           drawn
           off
           ;
           after
           which
           ,
           the
           superfluous
           moisture
           also
           was
           abstracted
           ,
           (
           or
           evaporated
           away
           )
           till
           the
           remaining
           substance
           was
           brought
           to
           the
           consistence
           of
           a
           somewhat
           
           
             thick
             syrup
          
           ,
           or
           a
           
             thin
             extract
          
           .
           This
           was
           well
           incorporated
           with
           about
           thrice
           its
           weight
           of
           
             fine
             white
             sand
          
           ,
           and
           the
           mixture
           was
           put
           into
           a
           strong
           Retort
           ;
           to
           which
           was
           join'd
           a
           
             large
             Receiver
          
           ,
           in
           good
           part
           fill'd
           with
           water
           .
           Then
           ,
           the
           two
           Vessels
           being
           carefully
           luted
           together
           ,
           a
           naked
           Fire
           was
           gradually
           administred
           ,
           for
           five
           or
           six
           hours
           ,
           that
           all
           ,
           that
           was
           either
           Phlegmatick
           ,
           or
           otherwise
           Volatile
           ,
           might
           come
           over
           first
           .
           When
           this
           was
           done
           ,
           the
           Fire
           was
           increas'd
           ,
           and
           at
           length
           ,
           for
           five
           or
           six
           hours
           made
           (
           NB
           )
           which
           it
           should
           be
           in
           this
           Operation
           )
           as
           strong
           and
           intense
           ,
           as
           the
           Furnace
           (
           which
           was
           not
           bad
           )
           was
           capable
           of
           giving
           .
           By
           this
           means
           ,
           there
           came
           over
           good
           store
           of
           white
           fumes
           ,
           almost
           like
           those
           ,
           that
           appear
           in
           the
           Distillation
           of
           Oil
           of
           Vitriol
           ;
           and
           when
           those
           fumes
           were
           past
           ,
           and
           the
           Receiver
           grew
           clear
           ,
           they
           were
           after
           a
           while
           succeeded
           by
           another
           sort
           ,
           that
           seem'd
           in
           the
           Receiver
           to
           give
           a
           faint
           
             blewish
             light
          
           ,
           almost
           like
           that
           of
           little
           burning
           Matches
           ,
           dipt
           in
           Sulphur
           .
           
           And
           last
           of
           all
           ,
           the
           Fire
           being
           very
           vehement
           ,
           there
           pass'd
           over
           another
           substance
           ,
           that
           was
           judg'd
           more
           ponderous
           than
           the
           former
           ,
           because
           (
           NB
           )
           much
           of
           it
           fell
           through
           the
           water
           to
           the
           bottom
           of
           the
           Receiver
           :
           whence
           being
           taken
           out
           ,
           (
           and
           partly
           even
           whil'st
           it
           staid
           there
           )
           it
           appear'd
           by
           several
           effects
           ,
           and
           other
           Phoenomena
           ,
           to
           be
           (
           as
           we
           expected
           )
           of
           a
           
             luciferous
             nature
          
           .
        
         
           The
           ways
           I
           employ'd
           to
           make
           a
           
             self-shining
             substance
          
           ,
           out
           of
           other
           matters
           then
           that
           express'd
           in
           this
           Process
           ,
           I
           must
           ,
           for
           certain
           Reasons
           ,
           forbear
           to
           acquaint
           you
           with
           ,
           at
           this
           time
           .
        
         
           I
           might
           from
           the
           foregoing
           Process
           ,
           take
           occasion
           to
           inquire
           ,
           whether
           the
           matter
           ,
           wherein
           the
           shining
           faculty
           chiefly
           resides
           ,
           do
           not
           consist
           ,
           not
           (
           as
           one
           would
           expect
           )
           of
           the
           volatile
           and
           spirituous
           parts
           of
           our
           Animal
           Liquor
           ,
           but
           of
           its
           (
           not
           absolutely
           ,
           but
           )
           more
           fixt
           Salt
           ,
           and
           ponderous
           foetid
           Oil
           ,
           associated
           
           in
           a
           peculiar
           manner
           and
           proportion
           .
           And
           from
           thence
           I
           might
           take
           a
           rise
           ,
           to
           propose
           my
           conjectures
           of
           the
           cause
           of
           the
           lucidness
           of
           our
           luciferous
           matter
           ;
           and
           also
           ,
           both
           to
           add
           somewhat
           to
           what
           ,
           (
           two
           or
           three
           years
           ago
           )
           I
           wrote
           about
           the
           despised
           Sapa
           of
           Urine
           ,
           in
           reference
           to
           some
           uncommon
           Menstruums
           ,
           and
           to
           make
           inquiry
           into
           other
           things
           relating
           to
           the
           nature
           of
           light
           and
           flame
           ,
           especially
           as
           found
           in
           our
           Noctiluca
           :
           These
           things
           ,
           I
           say
           ,
           I
           might
           hence
           take
           occasion
           to
           propose
           my
           thoughts
           of
           ;
           but
           want
           of
           time
           ,
           together
           with
           hopes
           of
           further
           discoveries
           ,
           make
           me
           willing
           to
           defer
           the
           doing
           it
           ,
           till
           I
           shall
           have
           more
           leisure
           to
           frame
           conjectures
           ,
           and
           perhaps
           more
           Phoenomena
           to
           ground
           them
           upon
           .
           In
           the
           mean
           while
           ,
           that
           ,
           I
           may
           no
           further
           lengthen
           a
           Letter
           too
           prolix
           already
           ,
           by
           Apologies
           for
           my self
           ,
           or
           Complements
           to
           you
           ;
           I
           shall
           at
           present
           only
           beg
           the
           favor
           of
           your
           candid
           Animadversions
           upon
           what
           I
           have
           written
           ,
           and
           of
           those
           singular
           Observations
           I
           hear
           
           you
           have
           made
           ,
           
             About
             the
             light
             of
             stinking
             Fishes
          
           ;
           both
           which
           ,
           you
           need
           not
           doubt
           ,
           will
           be
           as
           welcom
           ,
           as
           I
           doubt
           not
           ,
           they
           will
           prove
           instructive
           to
           ,
        
         
           
             SIR
             ,
          
           
             Your
             most
             Affectionate
             ,
             And
             most
             Humble
             Servant
             ,
             
               R.
               B.
            
             
          
        
      
    
     
       
         
           Pag.
           12.
           line
           2.
           dele
           Light.
           
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
      
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A28938-e460
           
             *
             This
             Clause
             refers
             to
             one
             of
             the
             Philosophical
             Collections
             publish'd
             by
             the
             ingenious
             ▪
             Mr.
             Hook
             ,
             who
             hath
             therein
             inserted
             verbatim
             the
             Paper
             he
             received
             !
             from
             Mr.
             Boyle
             .
          
        
         
           Notes for div A28938-e2610
           
             See
             above
             ,
             Observ
             .
             12.