Catholick charitie complaining and maintaining, that Rome is uncharitable to sundry eminent parts of the Catholick Church, and especially to Protestants, and is therefore Uncatholick : and so, a Romish book, called Charitie mistaken, though undertaken by a second, is it selfe a mistaking / by F. Rous. Rous, Francis, 1579-1659. 1641 Approx. 556 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 206 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2004-03 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A57693 Wing R2017 ESTC R14076 12594331 ocm 12594331 64025 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A57693) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 64025) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1641-1700 ; 702:2) Catholick charitie complaining and maintaining, that Rome is uncharitable to sundry eminent parts of the Catholick Church, and especially to Protestants, and is therefore Uncatholick : and so, a Romish book, called Charitie mistaken, though undertaken by a second, is it selfe a mistaking / by F. Rous. Rous, Francis, 1579-1659. [8], 390 p. Printed by R. Young for John Bartlet, at the signe of the gilt cup, neer S. Austins gate., London : 1641. Includes bibliographical references. Reproduction of original in Bodleian Library. Created by converting TCP files to TEI P5 using tcp2tei.xsl, TEI @ Oxford. Re-processed by University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Northwestern, with changes to facilitate morpho-syntactic tagging. 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Keying and markup guidelines are available at the Text Creation Partnership web site . eng Catholic Church -- Controversial literature. 2003-08 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2003-09 SPi Global Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2003-10 John Latta Sampled and proofread 2003-10 John Latta Text and markup reviewed and edited 2003-12 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion CATHOLICK CHARITIE : COMPLAINING , AND MAINTAINING , That Rome is uncha●itable to sundry Eminent parts of the Catholick Church , and especially to Protestants , and is therefore Uncatholick : And so , A Romish Book , called CHARITIE MISTAKEN , though undertaken by a Second , is it selfe a Mistaking . By F. ROUS . OPTATUS Lib. 2. Quia noluerunt fratres agnoscere , nullam habuerunt charitatem . LONDON , Printed by R. Young , for Iohn Bartlet , at the signe of the gilt Cup , neer S. Austins gate . 1641. REcensui Librum hunc , cui Titulus CATHOLICK CHARITY , in quo nihil reperio fidei orthodoxae , aut bonis moribus contrarium , quo minus summâ cum utilitate Typis mandetur . JOH . HANSLEY , R. P. Episc. Lond. Capel . Domest . Decemb. 2. 1640. The Publisher to the READER . IT might well have beene wished , that the growth of Romish errours and superstitions ( the complaint of this time ) had not made this Worke too seasonable : True it is , though it doe but now see the light , yet it came to the birth before any other Answer of Charity Mistaken was knowne to the Authour ; it came indeed to the birth , but there was no strength to deliver ; the judgement of those times not giving way to any other besides those whose Answers have beene already made publick . But though they have run before like Cushi ; this , like Ahimaaz , ( yet perchance not altogether without tidings ) may run after : and with Ahimaaz , it may make the better speede , because , with him , it goes the way of the Plaine ; it goes a plaine way , speaking plainely the Protestant Shiboleth ; and it useth plainnesse and evidence of speech , in which way it is likely to meet with most Readers . Neither doth it come altogether without tidings ; for it brings with it the tidings of Truth and Love , and , by both , a remedy against error and uncharitablenesse . And , as it is a worke of charity , so is it sutably fitted with charitable expressions ; for it doth not take up those sharpe arrowes which in these Concertations too often are shot at mens persons , besides the Marke of the Matter . True it is , that where the Writer doth put his faults into the matter of his Booke , and doth publish them of purpose to have them seene , and by the sight of them to make others faulty , there it will bee a duty of obedience , as well as of necessary providence ( for the Readers safety ) to take notice of them . Controversies certainely looke like breaches of love , and therefore the Authour hath not been much in love with them : But if love will bee lost , except it be kept by a Controversie , there the Controversie that keepes it , is a worke of love : To strive against uncharitablenesse , that it may be removed , and charity put in the roome of it , is an act of charity ; and this charity is the businesse of this work . The Reader may also take notice , that divers passages not insisted on by the other , are here examined , because this worke surveyeth the whole Booke , which it answers more particularly then the other . There hath indeed come forth a Reply in defence of Charity Mistaken : But both the one and the other turne mainely on these two hinges ; That there must be an entire unity of faith in all Truths revealed by God , and proposed by the Church : And , That if unity were to be held by the faith of Fundamentals , a perfect and uniforme List should be given of those Fundamentals . Now these two hinges being taken off in this Book , I hope it may give a fall to the maine matter of them both . And whereas the Replyer strives to divide our unity by this Engine , That some Protestants directly , wittingly , and willingly dis-beleeve what others do beleeve to bee testified by the Word of God ; and herein is no difference between Fundamentall and not Fundamentall : It is rejoyned for a defence against this Engine of division , That if herein be no difference betweene the one and the other in Fundamentals , there is no proofe that they are not united members in the body of Christ : For , hee that wittingly and willingly dis-beleeves that which the other beleeves to bee testified by the Word of God , may know , ( as the terme wittingly seems to import ) that the point dis-beleeved is not testified by the Word of God ; and so hee may bee safe , and is still one with Christ and his Members : Againe , the other who beleeves it to bee testified by the Word of God , may bee deceived : yet the point not being fundamentall , his errour may not divide him from the other which is a member of Christ. Indeed , if a Protestant should know a point to be testified by the Word of God , and then dis-beleeve it , that might prove him not to be in the Body of Christ ; but first , This would bring him within the difference of Fundamentals and not Fundamentals , contrary to the Replyers Affirmation : for it is a maine Fundamentall to beleeve God ; whom that man beleeves not , who wittingly and willingly denyes the Word of God. And secondly , It is meerly inconsistent and incompossible , That hee who beleeves Fundamentals , should wittingly and willingly dis-beleeve what hee knows the God of Truth hath spoken . And , if out of weaknesse , errour , and ignorance hee doth not beleeve that God hath spoken it ; this ignorance , if it be not in Fundamentals , doth not inforce a disunion from other Members of the Body of Christ. Thus the Replyers objected Not-beleeving , either falls under Fundamentals , and then his case is not rightly put ; or else it falls not under Fundamentals , and then it doth not conclude a disunion betweene Protestants . This having received my selfe , I impart to the Reader , with a Prayer , that in reading this Worke , hee may bee enlightned with that Spirit of Truth which alone can kindly discover both the Mystery of godliness , and the Mystery of iniquity ; and that the same Spirit may hold him in the one , and keep him from the other . CATHOLICK CHARITIE . CHAP. I. Of Christian Love and Peace . SECT . I. Concerning the Excellency , Necessity , and other motives of Christian Love ; with an exhortation to the imbracing of it . THE Spouse of Christ Jesus , when shee shines in Love , shee is amiable in Beauty , precious in the eye of her Husband , powerfull with God her Father , prosperous in her owne spirituall health and vigour , and prepared for her consummate marriage in celestiall glory . Her husband is God , and God is love , and God cannot but love that love which is like himselfe . And that hee may love his Spouse for her love , when shee becomes one Spirit with him , by this unity of Spirit hee gives her an uniformity of love ; the oyntment of Christ Jesus , the Head , floweth down into all his members , and breatheth love into them ; and as farre as his life goes , so far goeth his love : therefore no love , no life in Christ Jesus . Agreeably , the beloved Disciple , and an especiall Teacher of love , having shewed that the new-birth brings love with life , he fitly addeth , Hee that loveth not , abideth in death . No wonder then , if the great Master and Lover of this Disciple , make love the mark of his true Disciples , seeing those are onely Christs true Disciples , which so learne Christ , as they draw that spirit from him , which teacheth them love , and breatheth it into them . And surely if a sonne of God , by that spirituall eye which hee receiveth from Christ Jesus with his Sonne-ship , do clearly behold another son of the same father , how can hee chuse but love him as a brother ? he cannot chuse but love him for the unity that is betweene them ; for they are one spirit , by being begotten of one Spirit in Christ Jesus : and as none hateth his owne flesh , but cherisheth and loveth it , so none should hate his owne spirit , but cherish and love it . Secondly , hee should love his brother for uniformity aswell as for unity ▪ there is a spirituall likenesse and conformity betweene spirituall brethren ; and commonly likenesse breedeth love : they are both created unto one image , and how can a sonne of God but love his owne likenesse which hee seeth in his brother ? As in a glasse face answereth to face , so a Saints soule answereth to the soule of a Saint ; and when one sees his owne shape in the other , from this likeness and harmony , there must needs arise spirituall love and amity ▪ Thirdly , if a Saint consider the excellency of a Saint , how can he chuse but love him for his excellency ? God is the chiefest and highest excellence , and he that most resembleth God , is therefore most excellent . Now among visible creatures , there is none that resembleth God more then a Saint ; for he is a sonne of God , begotten to the true image of God his father ; therefore hee that loves God that begat , loves also the Sons whom God hath bego●ten ; and the man according to Gods own heart ; because his goodness ( the fruits of love ) extends not unto God , therefore he communicates it to the Saints and Sons of God that excell in vertue ; as if that were the next degree to doing good unto God himself , to love , cherish , and doe good to his sons and Saints : And indeed , what is a fitter object of love , next to the chiefe and soveraigne Good , then a Saint , who by a derivative goodnesse most representeth him ? God is light , and a Saint is light in the Lord ; God is goodnesse and righteousnesse , and a Saint is created according to God in righteousnesse and true holinesse . The heart of a Saint is according to Gods heart ; yea , he is partaker of a divine nature and groweth in it from glory to glory ▪ And as this divine nature is glorious and lovely , so are the fruits of it atractively amiable , Love , joy , peace , long suffering , goodnesse , faith , meeknesse temperance , yea , all goodnesse , righteousnesse , and truth . The beauty of the body is by no means comparable with the beauty of the soule ; for the beauty of the soule is the Image of God : and the glory of this Image having in it divine light , vertue , and goodnesse , shines in the soul with a farre higher excellence , then colour and complexion laid on the clay and earth of a fading and corruptible body : and according to this excellence the beauty of the soule is preserved to immortality , when the beauty of the body is suffered either to vanish before the body , or to lye with it in the dust , and there to die a kinde of second death ; neither shall it ever recover life againe , but by a conjunction with the beauty of the soule : If corporall beauty have been joyned with spirituall beauty , then shall it rise in a farre more excellent beauty ; but if it had not with it spirituall beauty ( purity , and goodnesse , and fairenesse of soule ) it shall not arise in glory and beauty , it shall not see the face of God , but it shall be sent away with ougly spirits , being it self transformed into the deformed character of a countenance weeping , and wailing , and gnashing of teeth . If then a Saint be so lovely , and the love of a Saint is so just and reasonable , and God doth love this Love , and doth give his Saints the Spirit of love of purpose to love one another , and so this love is the marke of a Saint , a Sonne , and a Christian ; let every Saint make himselfe sure of this love , and not onely of the shew and word of it , but of the essence and life of it . Let him love a Saint whom God loves ; and love him because God loves this love of a Saint : Let him love a Saint as hee loves his owne safety , which is annexed to the love of the Saints : Let him love a Saint , because a Saint loves God : Let him love a Saint , because hee is like himselfe , and because the Saint loves him . Dilige Deum tuum , dilige in Deo tuo , charum tuum , Imaginem Dei tui : Ille te perinde , diligendo Deum , in Deo diligat : Love thy God , and in God love thy brother the image of God ; and let thy brother , in requitall ▪ by loving God , love thee also in God. SECT . II. Peace is declared to be the first fruits of love , and to make love fruitfull in other graces , and is further commended ▪ 1. By the beauty and usefulnesse of it . 2. By the mischiefs which proceed from dissention . 3. By the authority of Scriptures . 4. By the example of Christ. TRue Christian love will not bee solitary , and fruitlesse ; but it must bring forth peace , and bee attended by it . Love is it selfe the fruit of the spirit , and peace is the fruit of this love ; yea , love which delights to bee fruitfull , loves this peace , because by her shee communicates her other fruitfulnesse . It is best sowing in a calme ; and , if we will beleeve Saint Iames , the fruit of righteousnesse is best sowne in peace : So Peace ( the eldest daughter of Love ) is a midwife to her mother , and delivers her of the rest of her children ; and without her help the mother doth nothing but make abortions . Therefore , as thou wouldest have thy love to be fruitfull , and by her fruits profitable to the Saints ; so be thou sure to have her attended by peace , that through peace with the Saints , thy love may profitably extend it selfe to the Saints . The unity of the spirit must be kept in the bond of peace : and indeed , with whom wilt thou keepe peace , if thou wilt not keepe it with those who are one spirit with thee ? By one spirit are we all baptized into one body , and we be members one of another by our unity in this one body . How comely , yea , how necessary is it to the preservation and prosperity of the body , that the members of one body bee at peace and unity ? and how monstrous and destructive is it , when one member fights with another ? That fatall sentence cannot bee avoyded ; If yee bite one another , yee shall bee consumed one of another . But contrarily , the kingdome of God which is peace , flourisheth by the peace of the subjects of that kingdome : and therefore St. Paul having taught the former to the Romans , adjoyneth the latter , and that with a vehemencie ; for hee injoynes them , not barely to follow , but as it were to persecute ( even with a swift and eager prosecution to run after ) the things of peace ; yea , he adjures the Philippians by all consolation in Christ , and by the fellowship of the Spirit , and by the bowels of mercy , that they be of one accord . Finally , the Sonne of God , our Saviour ( of whom Melchisedech was a type ) is the King of peace , as well as the King of righteousnesse ; and his subjects , who will partake of his righteousnesse , must also partake of his peace . Christ hath made peace betweene God and us , even peace between heaven and earth ; not that men being at peace above with God , should have discord below among themselves ; but the peace which is begun in heaven , must come downe and dwell among his members on earth ; wee must be one as he and his Father are one : the peace which wee receive from God by Christ , wee must impart each to other ; yea , it must rule in our hearts , being called to it in one body . Accordingly as wee expect peace from God through Christ , so let us heare and obey Christ commanding peace amongst our selves : Have peace one with another , and then let us not doubt , but if the Peace of God bee among us , the God of peace is also with us . Deus semper in pace est ; Where spirituall and true peace is , there ever God is . SECT . III. That this love and peace are catholick and universall , extended to all the members of Christ ; and that our Church by professing this Catholick love , declares her selfe to be a truly Catholick Church . THe two excellent and powerfull Graces , Love and Peace , may not be bounded by us , but by God himselfe , the Author and Commander of it ; Him must we follow in the inlarging or straitning of it , and not goe from his leading to the right hand , or to the left : where God commands love and peace , we may not forbid them ; neither whom God by sanctifying hath made fit for our peace , must wee accompt common or uncleane , and fit for separation . Now the extent and bound which God appoints for our love and peace is no lesse then all the Saints , even the whole body of Christ ; the bond of peace is not one jot shorter then the unitie of the spirit . If then God have not disdained to bestow on any man his sanctifying Spirit , let not man scorne on such a one to bestow his love and peace ; for hee that denyeth his love and peace to that man in whom is the Spirit , hee denyeth his love and peace to the spirit which is in that man : Therefore if God have gone before with his saving grace and sanctifying spirit , let us not doubt to follow God with our love and peace . Now we know that God ( according to his promise to Abraham ) hath an holy seed out of all Nations , which is the catholick and universall Church : if then the Church bee catholick and universall , let our love and peace bee also catholick and universall . And to this end our affections must be enlarged and made capable of the whole world . For hee that will love a catholick Church with a catholick love , must not have a narrow love contracted and confined to the measure of one City , Kingdome , or Nation ; but extended and enlarged to the measure of all Cities , Kingdomes , and Nations , even of the whole world . If that which is to bee loved , bee universall , the affection which loveth must not be partiall : For if the love be but to a part , when it should bee to the whole , this is not that catholick love which belongs to the Catholick Church ; and whatsoever title such men may take to themselves , they are not true , but counterfeit Catholicks : for they have not that catholick spirit of love which is in the true catholick Church , and by which the catholick Church doth love it selfe with a catholick love . But such men by likelihood , have a private spirit , by which they love a private part and faction , and are short of that universall spirit which loveth the universall Church with an universall love : for there is a private spirit of love aswell as of faith ; and it is that kind of spirit which Saint Iames mentioneth , a spirit that lusteth after envie , after sects and divisions . But let us never rest untill wee get that catholick spirit by which we may embrace the catholick Church with a catholick love ; and then we may bee assured we are not titular , but true and reall Catholicks . Hereby wee know that wee are of the truth ( saith Saint Iohn ) and wee shall assure our hearts before God : And , wee know that we have passed from death to life , because we love the brethren ; even the brethren without exception and reservation : and hee that dwelleth in this generall and unreserved love , God , who is love , dwelleth in him and he in God ; And we know that we dwell in him and hee in us , because he hath given us his spirit , even the spirit of this catholick and universall love . Let no man therefore say of another , He is of such a Nation with which my Nation is at enmity ; or of such a Church which professeth some differences with the Church in which I live , and therefore I will by no meanes have love and peace with him ; but remember , that in every Nation hee that feareth God and worketh righteousnesse is accepted of God : and therefore doe thou enquire , whether this spirit of feare and holinesse be in him , which those that have are accepted of God : if he be accepted of God , take heed hee be not rejected of thee : It were a madnesse in thee for Gods sake to hate one whom God loves , and for Christs sake to hate a member of Christ. Indeed , if he be of a Church infected with errors , thou must be wary of him , that hee infect thee not with those errors ; but bee also wary of not hating the spirit of Christ in a member of Christ : It is an Apostolicall , and so an undenyable Inference , If yee have put on the New-man , in which is neither Greeke nor Jew , Circumcision nor Uncircumcision , Barbarian , Scythian , bond nor free , but Christ is all in all ; Put on therefore ( there is a binding force in this therefore ) as the elect of God , holy and beloved , bowels of mercy , kindnesse , &c. And above all these things , put on charity , which is the bond of perfectnesse ; and let the peace of God rule in your hearts , to which ye are called in one body . Let us then have love and peace with a beleeving Muscovite , Grecian , AEthiopian , Indian , if hee be of that one body wherein Christ is all in all , and by the unity whereof we are called to love and peace : yea , from this universall peace and love may not bee excluded any remnant according to the election of grace , pertaining to the body of Christ , though sojourning in the tents and territories of Rome : we may not hate the seven thousand that doe not bow their knees to Baal , though dispersed among seven millions of Idolaters : wee may not hate Israel , though in bondage under Pharaoh . But to the true Israel , even to the pure in heart , and those who in Christ Jesus are new creatures , and walke according to this rule , peace , & the prayers of peace , the true fruits of love doe belong , the divine Apostle being herein our guide and example . And while thus wee enjoy and imbrace this universall love with the universall body of Christ , great is our safety ; for hereby wee know and may assure our hearts , that wee belong to that universall body , which alone loveth it selfe with this universall love . That is the truly catholick Church , which is indued with this catholick love ; that is a living Church , which is a loving Church : Our Church therefore imbracing and exercising this catholick love , is a Church truly catholick ; and our Church being a Church of love , is a Church of life . Let therefore Cassander , a Doctor of the Church of Rome , conclude for us , Qui rectâ sententiâ de Christo capiti injunguntur , &c. They that by a right beliefe concerning Christ , are joyned to the head , and by the hand of love and peace are joyned to the bodie of the Church ( howsoever they may differ in some opinions and rites ) are by no meanes to bee accounted Schismaticks , or separated from the Church , though they seeme rejected and excomunicated by some other part of the Church , more mighty , and possessing the Government . CHAP. II. Wherein is declared , that Rome wants this catholick love ; 1. By her separation from other Churches . 2. By her hatred to Protestants , manifested in the cruell persecutions and massacres practised against them in Popish countries , and by the rebellions , treasons , open hostilitie stirred up against this Kingdome . All which prove her to bee uncharitable and un-catholick . IT hath been shewed that love and peace must bee catholick and universall , that so they may be capable of a catholick and universall Church : for as wide and as large as the Church is , so large must the love of the Church be ; The body of Christ is the measure of this love , and this love must bee no jot shorter then the body of Christ ; the body of Christ then extending to all Nations , and so being a catholick body , must be followed through all Nations with no lesse then a catholick love : but love , as much as it is short of loving this catholick body of Christ , so much is it short of being a catholick love , and so much it is indeed uncatholick . Now , the Romish Church ( which according to the Church a of England , is to be understood of the Pope and his b adherents ) doth not make this body of Christ the measure of her love , but the body of the Papacie ; not Christs Kingdome , but the Popes Kingdome is the measure of Romish love . As much then as the Popes Kingdome is short of the Kingdome of Christ , so much is Rome short of a catholick love , and so much is shee uncatholick . Now , wee know that the Kingdome of Christ spreads it selfe much farther then the Kingdome of the Pope ; yea , Christ is known and beleeved where there is neither knowledge nor faith of the Pope . Accordingly , c Cassander thinketh , not onely the Westerne Churches of Protestants ; but the Easterne and Southerne also , and by name , the Russian , Syrian , AEthiopian , and Armenian , that beleeve the Apostles Creed , and doe not by schisme divide themselves from the communion of other Churches , to bee members of the true and catholick Church of Christ. And these parts of the Church are so great and large , that a Countrey-man of ours in his diligent Inquiries , gives this judgement of the Greek Church alone ; If wee should collect and put together all the Christian Regions hitherto intreated of , which are all of the Greek Communion , and compare them with the parts professing the Roman religion , wee should finde the Greek farre to exceed , if wee except the Roman new and forraine purchases made in the West and East Indies : Now to these , if wee shall add the Christians in Syria , Cyprus , Mesopotamia , Babylon and Palestine , which are by the least computation 50000. families , and by the greatest 60000. And if againe we joine with these the Armenians , who are under two Patriarchs of their owne , whom they terme Catholickes , and are esteemed to exercise jurisdictions over 70000. families : And if yet further wee shall increase this number by those innumerable Christians of AEthiopia , that are spread far and wide in the vaste Dominions of Prester Iohn : And lastly , if to these wee adde the no little number of Protestant Christians in the West ; wee may see that the Kingdome of the Pope is far short of the Kingdome of Christ , and consequently that the love of Rome at least , so much is short of catholick love . But if wee leave those other famous , and farre dispersed parts of Christs body , whom Rome leaves without true catholick love , and more particularly and punctually examine Romes want of love to Protestants , whereof especially is our present inquirie ; all the paper in the world were scarce sufficient to containe the words that might be written for the proofe of it , with the bloud of Protestants shed by the Romists . So that the ancient parable of Iotham hath been fulfilled in our dayes ; If indeed yee annoynt mee King over you , then come and put your trust in my shadow ; and if not , let fire come out of the bramble , and devoure the Cedars of Lebanon . The fire and lightning of the Popes excommunications fly out against the denyers of his universall Kingdome and Supremacy ; and that fire is too often seconded with materiall fire . For the maintenance of his pride Christians must bee hated , spoyled , and butchered of Christians . There is a method of cruelty set forth against such who are Romes Hereticks , and the true Churches Christians . This wee finde thus summed up by Azorius the Jesuite ; 1. Excommunication . 2. Irregularity . 3. Confiscation of goods . 4. Dissolving of all bands , bee they oathes , fealty , service , or any other covenant and promise . 5. Deprivation of all dignities and honours . 6. Losse of Ecclesiasticall buriall . 7. Infamy . 8. Uncapacitie of all dignities and offices Ecclesiasticall to themselves , their favourers , receivers , and children , to the second generation by the fathers side , yea , though the children were borne before the heresie . 9. Losse of life . And even Bellarmine himselfe , whom learning ( which once had a name of emollit mores ) and seeming devotion should have made somewhat milder , drinks deeply , if not pleasantly , in this cup of bloud , and delivers it to his Disciples , that they may pledge him : Solum remedium est mittere illos maturè in locum suum : The onely remedy is to send them betimes to their owne place ; which place , though indeed it be heaven , it seems yet the good Fathers charitable meaning was , by a first death speedily to send Protestants to hell , the place of the second death . But no wonder is it if this Father drank to his children in this red cup of cruelty , when the Father of these Fathers , being now ready to goe out of the world , drank to his fatherly Sonnes very stiffely in the same cup of the bloud of the Saints : For the Pope , that hee might shew some contrariety to Christ , ( for which some a perchance may espie in him a likenesse of Antichrist ) when hee was to leave the world , as Christ left peace , so the Pope leaves war to his Disciples ; for at parting , above all , he bequeathes to his Cardinals a legacie of bloud , commending to them chiefly the Inquisition , as a maine Pillar of the Papacie . And if this be the chief Pillar of the Papacy , no doubt , as the Pope was before contrary to Christ , so is the Papacy or Popes Kingdome contrary to Christs Kingdome ; for Christs Kingdome did grow by the bloud of his owne subjects , but the Popes Kingdome must grow by the bloud of them that will not bee subject to him ; yea , by shedding the bloud of Christs subjects . But yet wee see him deceived ; for the bloud of the Martyrs even now ( as in the Primitive times ) hath increased the Church , and diminished the Papacie : Yet still they goe on , the divels malice herein overcomming his wit , as it did when hee entred into Iudas to kill Christ , that Christ by his death might overcome him that had the power of death , even the divell . And according to this Sathans method of a cruelty , wee reade of 50000. in a few yeeres hanged , beheaded , buried alive , and burned in the Low-Countries ; and of 30000. slaine and b butchered in a few weekes at and after the Massacre of Paris , c and of nine hundred thousand slaine since the originall of the Jesuites , to the yeere 1580. which is little more then thirty yeers . Generally , Europe hath beene flaming with fires , wherewith Romish charity hath turned Protestants into ashes ; many of which were burning in this Land some yeers before Queen Elisabeth , whom God did send as a gracious raine to quench those fires , and to refresh his Inheritance . But when shee assayed to quench the Popes fires , the Pope sends out his fires to devour her ; yea , many vipers came out of that fire , and would have stung her to death , but that the hand of God did so shake them off for her , & from her , that the fire which sent them forth became their destruction . Declaramus d ( saith the Pope ) praedictam Elisab . eique adhaerentes in praedictis , &c. We declare that Elisabeth and her adherents , in the matters aforesaid , have run into the danger of our curse : We declare also that we have deprived her from that right which shee pretended to have in the Kingdome aforesaid ( of England , ) and also from all and every her authoritie , dignitie , and priviledge : Wee cha●ge and forbid all and every the Nobles , subjects and people , and others aforesaid , that they dare not to obey her , or her will or commandements , upon paine of like curse upon them After the bellowing of which Bull , or blowing of which Trumpet by Sheba the son of Bichri , many inspired with the spirit of the Papacy , contrary to that spirit of Saint Peter , which said , Fear God , Honour the King , practised treason against Gods Annoynted , and their Soveraigne Queene . Yea , e open rebellions have been added by the Popes incitations and incouragements ( whereof that in the North is recorded to the Popes honour by the Popes owne Historian ; and others in Ireland we finde in our Stories to have been animated by his owne money , souldiers , and benediction . And here I cannot but with griefe complaine , that so learned a man as Doctor Sanders , the cunning builder of the Babylonian Monarchie , should be so bewitched with the cup of abomination , as to bee the Popes Ensigne-bearer in an unnaturall rebellion against his naturall Soveraigne . For with him came over a consecrated banner from his holinesse , to a most unholy service : And yet notwithstanding the Popes blessing , the curse of God haunted that designe , and the learned man that had abused his wit and learning , lost the use of both ; and so being distracted , and pitied , and wandering in the mountaines , lamentably dyed . But the great Fleete of Eighty eight , that should have swallowed up both the Queen and her Kingdome , comes forth against both , having her sails filled with the wind of the Popes Benedictions . For the Pope sets forth in print a Cruciate , as against Turks and Infidels , wherein hee bestowed plenary Indulgences out of the Treasurie of the Church , upon all that would joyne their helpe against England . And against the Queene hee reneweth his former Buls , hee denounceth excommunication , hee deposeth her , and absolveth her subjects from their allegeance . But God curseth where the Pope blesseth , and blesseth where hee curseth ; a most certain signe that the Pope is not of Gods minde ; yea , not so good a Prophet as Balaam ; Not so good , for Balaam said , How can I curse where God hath not cursed ? and not so good a Prophet ; for of Balaam it was acknowledged , Hee whom thou blessest is blessed , and hee whom thou cursest is cursed . But as the Author to the Hebrews saith of the faithfull , and the great vertues of faith ; so may I say of the faithlesse , and miserable effects and issues of their faithlesnesse : What! What shall I more say ? for the time would fail me to tell at large of f Stukely , Savage , Babington , Parry , and others , who by treasons , springing from the spirit of the Papacy , have assayed to overthrow Kingdomes , opened their mouthes like Lions upon Gods annointed , have wrought unrighteousnesse , and endeavoured by the violence of fire to destroy both King , Peers , and choice of the people . For that master-piece of Satan , & the very wit of hell may never bee forgotten , both as a perpetuall bond of thankfulnesse upon English Protestants , for a miraculous deliverance , and as an everlasting scandall and detestation of Popery ; seeing hellish Atheisme or Turcisme hath scarce brought forth such a monster of treason , as the g zeale of that which these Romists call by the name of Religion . And now , if wee looke stedfastly on the faces of these treasons , rebellions , invasions , murders and massacres , doe they looke like the faire children of charity , or like the horrid broods and bastards of uncharitablenesse ? Charitie her selfe is a chiefe fruit of heavenly wisdome , and the daughter is like the mother ; therefore is charity first , pure , then peaceable , gentle , easie to bee intreated , full of mercy : Behold the amiable and beautifull face of charity . But on the contrary , see in these Romish actions foulenesse and impurity , wars and sedition , cruelty and inhumanity . A viperous generation that truely representeth and owneth uncharitablenesse for their mother ; uncharitablenesse , a fury which ascendeth from below , even from that infernall wisdome which is sensuall and divelish . And surely since the actions are so manifest , and so manifestly uncharitable , how can Rome , but by the forehead of an harlot , say that shee loves us ? doth shee love us with treasons , murders , rebellions , fires upon earth , and fires under the earth ? are these fruits of Romish love ? O then what , and how cruell are the fruits of her hatred ! If shee love us thus to death , shee cannot but hate us to hell . Wherefore , upon the whole matter , wee may undoubtedly conclude , that Rome , as shee wants catholick love and peace towards many famous parts of the catholick Church , and is therefore uncatholick ; so shee notably and especially pr●ctiseth her unpeaceablenesse and uncharitablenesse towards Protestants . And if wee will have their uncharitablenesse and hatred expressed and confessed in their owne words , Let us heare their Jesuite Maldonate , on the Gospel of the beloved Disciple , and a great teacher of love , thus publishing their hatred to Protestants : Qui Catholici sunt , majore odio Calvinistas , caeterosquè omnes haereticos prosequuntur , quàm Gentiles : The Romish Catholicks hate Calvinists , and all other hereticks , with a greater hatred then heathens . CHAP. III. Containing an answer to the first Chapter of Charity mistaken , wherein the Author of that Book assumes to himself the office of a Cavalier or Champion for Rome , labouring to prove that the Romists are improbably and untruly charged with want of charitie ; and is divided into foure Sections . SECT . I. An Inducement to the rest , laying downe Romes false claime to charitie , under the usurped name of the Church , and vai● boast of pretended good works . THough the hatred of Rome● Protestants be thus plainly co●●fessed in her owne deeds a● words ; yet a Cavalier of Rom● advanceth himselfe to rescue this Lad● from the blot of her confessed uncharita●blenesse , and will needs prove that she wants not love , even when shee hateth u● Thus he sets forth : If it bee a part of honour and justice for ● Cavalier of this world to defend the righ● of the oppressed , and to contribute , if there b●●cause , with particular care , towards the pr●●tection and defence of some excellent , but af●flicted Ladie , whose fame were blasted b● the ill tongues of men ; How much more ju●● and honourable will it be for a Catholick ( w●● in this time and place may well goe for a Ca●valier of Christ ) to defend the honour an● fame of his Lady & Mother , which is the hol● Catholick Church ; shee being so innocent , a● the immaculate Spouse of Christ our Lor● ought to bee , and yet withall so much wronged , as to be 〈◊〉 for wanting the very wedding Ring ▪ and the nuptiall Robe it selfe of Charitie ? There is a Scarlet woman drunk with the bloud of the Saints , and her owne mouth saith , I sit as a Lady , and shall see no sorrow . This Lady is also a mother , even the mother of abominations ; and this is the Lady mother , which the Protestants charge with uncharitablenesse , for condemning them to hell . Now I would hope that no Cavalier should so misplace his valour , as to fight like a Knight for a bloudy Lady , nor as a sonne for a mother of abominations ; and yet if this Cavalier doe not fight for this Lady in this Book , hee fights not against us , nor for her whom wee accuse ; and so the Book is but a long mistaking . Yet , because this scarlet and bloudy Lady doth cover her selfe with the title of the Church , and under that cover deceiveth many ; and here wee finde that a defence of the Church is undertaken , as charged with uncharitablenesse , there appears some possibility that this Lady , who is indeed so charged , may bee defended under the title of the Church , her sonne by that title being deceived into this defence : Wherefore it may bee not altogether uselesse to make good this charge of uncharitablenesse on this Lady , though mistaken , and defended under the name of the Church , lest perchance some others also may bee led away from their stedfastnesse by this Cavaliers error , and think it improbable and impossible , that shee which is called the Church should be uncharitable ; Whereas indeed it is neither probable nor possible that the scarlet Lady , drunken with the bloud of the Saints , though wearing the title of the Church , should be to the same Protestants both charitable and cruell ; yea indeed this Lady doth thus double her wrong : for it is one injury uncharitably to hate and prosecute the true catholicke Church in her children ; and a second to take her name from her , thereby to justifie and beare out her owne wrong and persecution with her owne name . But yet here I must at first acknowledge that this Cavalier , fighting for this Lady , is not farre from agreeing with us that fight against her : for wee finde this position avowed by him , That if shee proceed uncharitably against Protestants , shee is a Harlot , and a Strumpet , not the Spouse of Christ ; now hereunto wee subjoyne : But the Chapter foregoing plainely sheweth that Rome hath proceeded uncharitably against Protestants ; and now , how can we keep off this Cavalier from agreeing with us in one common conclusion ; Therefore Rome is an Harlot , and not the Spouse of Christ : which if hee affirme , I will not blame him , because Saint Iohn saith the same , and it were a fault to finde fault with him when hee speaks Scripture . Yet hee will needs strive to shew , that what hath been proved is improbable , and that truth is untrue . And first hee indeavours to prove it unprobable that this Lady , through want of charity , should pronounce a damning sentence against Protestants , but rather from some errour in Judgement , indiscreet zeal , &c. because she hath abundance of charity ; and this abundance of charity againe hee will prove by many particulars , which , it seems , appear to him in the shape of works of charity . And indeed , because the Romish Champions stand much upon their works , and cast the carkasses of them in our way , so to hinder our prosecutions of the Romish Sheba , the Author of uncharitable hatred and dissention in Israel , I shall desire leave of the Reader to bestow some time in removing them out of the way . SECT . II. Divers generall considerations are propounded of Romish works , whereby some are proved to bee corrupt in the Spring or Fountaine , issuing from carnall wisdome , for the support of carnall greatnesse : Other in their kindes and nature , as Indulgences , Iubiles , and the like : A third sort are corrupt in their aime and motives , being done for merit and satisfaction , and not for Gods glory . TOward this removall , I answer , that there are many works that looke like fruits of charity , but are not that which they seeme : They may perchance have the same matter that workes of charity have ; but , not being quickned and enlived by charity , a fruit of the spirit , they are but dead carcasses , and not the fruits of living charity . The Sacrifice of Cain was to the outward eye a fruit of love to God ; but while hee hated his brother whom hee saw , hee could not love God whom hee saw not : and thus wanting charity , his Sacrifice could not bee a fruit of that charity which hee wanted . And indeed , there are many motives and causes besides charity that may bring forth to the eye such seeming good works . And wee see such motives generally over-spread upon the face of the Romish Monarchy : especially since wee see in Romists , killing of brethren joyned with these works ; as in Cain , fratricide was joyned with sacrifice , how can we take the works of such to be other then the sacrifices of Cain ? And now to make it appeare that there are such motives in the Papacie , I will present to your sight some of them . And the first shall bee the glory , reputation , and support of the Papacy : and that the Reader may the more clearely discerne this , I wish him to get a spirituall eye , therewith to behold her ; for the man of sinne is a mystery of iniquitie , and mysteries are not well discerned by a carnall , but a spirituall eye-sight . Accordingly , Saint Iohn , when hee speakes of Antichrists going out of the Church , hee tels us of an unction that must teach us to know him : Now , if by this spirituall unction we behold the Papacie , wee may see it to be a a mixt creature , and a twofold Beast , with the hornes of a Lambe , and the mouth of a Dragon . Hee sits like God in Gods Temple , but worketh by Satan ; hee exerciseth a professed holinesse , but therewith practiseth a deceivable unrighteousnesse . There is a shew of Christian Religion , yea , and divers realities of Christianity within the limits of the Popes Tyranny ; but his b own maine purpose in and by them is an aspiring to temporall honour and eminency ; yea , this is his very character , and by this you may know him : for this converting or making use of some realities of Christianity for the advancement of temporall Eminence and Supremacie , hath been a long time the businesse of the Papacy . Now a State supported by the shew of Christian Religion , may very well give way to many works of Christian Religion which helpe to make this shew ; especially those , which besides the advancement of Rome , in advancing her hornes of the Lambe , or shew of Religion , doe also immediatly advance her wealth , strength and supremacie . And if wee examine most of those works whereof this Author hath made a glittering Table , they are such as by some one of these waies do increase the glory of the Papacie . Now the Church of Rome being understood ( as before according to the words of the Church of England ) to bee the Pope and his adherents , even the man of sinne sitting as God , with the beleevers of his deitie : These , I say , want charity to the Catholick Church , and particularly to the Protestants , notwithstanding any seeming workes of that remnant done within the command and extent of this Antichristian Church ; yea , the workes of that remnant which truely belongs to the Church and Temple of God , doe nothing prove the charitie of the Antichristian Church , though they bee tolerated by it while they serve to advance her glory and supremacy ; for let those that work them but touch the in-errable supremacy & deity of the Papacy , the doers of these very works , by which the Author will prove the charity of the Church of Rome , shall feele and make up the proofe of her uncharitablenesse . And indeed , this is the very quarrell for which they kill and damne us , because we complaine of the Popes errors , and will not say , that when the Pope erreth , hee cannot erre . Let us heare Cassander speaking to this purpose ; c In those that will seeme to be the Governors and Protectors of the Church of Rome , I condemne this , that they will acknowledge no disease , and ( which naturally followes thereupon ) they will admit no remedie ; yea , those that speake to them of amendment , that exhort them to be healed , and that offer their help to effect it , they not onely cast off a●d drive from the fellowship of the Church , but also in many places have judged them miserably to be slain . Which thing seems to have given the occasion of this wretched schisme . Thus Rome may maintaine the shew of good works ; yea , perchance some works truely good , for her owne honour and glory , while they serve and advance these ends ; and yet bee cruell and uncharitable , not onely against Protestants , but against those who doe these good workes within her owne territories , when otherwise they crosse those ends for which she did tolerate them . So the encouraging of such works in the Papacie may prove her ambitious , but leave her still uncharitable , cruell , and malitious ; yea , these works joyned with ambition and uncharitablenesse , and plea●ing for them by the shewes of charitie , give her the true shape of the second part of Antichrist , even of that beast , which with the shew of the Lambe , killeth Saints like the Dragon . And herein lies the very cunning of Pope-craft , and the mystery of iniquity , by contraries to bring in and maintaine contraries ; by the shew d of faith to perswade faithlesnesse , and by the shew of charity to palliate uncharitablenesse and persecution : And indeed , I think the Serpent wonders at his owne wit in the Papacie , and applauds it as the highest and most artificiall counterfeit of a creation , because therein hee hath wrought , and as it were created contraries out of contraries ; Out of a doctrine of deepest humility , hee hath raised the highest pride ; and from a doctrine of contempt of the world , hee hath raised a title to the whole world ; from a doctrine of patience , long-suffering , and perfect charity , hee hath raised a catholick persecution , tormenting the world with uncharitablenesse and cruelty . And so by this kinde of infernall Alchimie ( which hee still continueth , ) the seeming good works , yea , the true ones done by the remnant of Grace , are digested to nourish and defend the sinnes , and among them the uncharitablenesse of the man of Sinne. There is yet a second sort of works , which passe for works of charitie , but are indeed works of error ; for they issue from error , and therefore not from charitie ; these are fained , empty and hollow inventions or imaginations given by Rome to her children , in stead of nourishing and solid gifts of true motherly piety ; so indeed they are rather works of Poetry , then of Charity : such are the Popes Jubiles and Indulgences , especially those which are annexed to a cruciate , like that sent into Ireland , which stirred up subjects to rebell against their Soveraigne . But in our Authors own Catalogue of Romes charitable workes , I take notice of her giving things for Sacraments conferring grace , which are none ; now when Rome giveth these to her children for Sacraments which are none , shee giveth them not gifts of charity , but of vanity , yea , of cruelty ; for a cruelty it is for a mother to feede her children with fictions in stead of Sacraments : as when a father to his hungry so●●e giveth a stone in stead of bread , it doth rather prove the fathers hatred then his love . There is also a third kinde of Romish works , which looke like works of charitie , but are not such indeed , because they come not from a right spring , nor ayme at a right end ; they come not from the love of God , nor ayme to the glory of God ; but come from error , pride , and selfe-love , and have selfe-ends : such are works done for merit , satisfaction , and supererogation : and indeed , these carnall wayes of doing good works , are generally very successfull ; for all mankinde is flesh of flesh ; so that if you speake of a worke of charity to bee done a carnall way , and to carnall ends , you have all mankinde already fitted to heare you : but if you speake of works of charity to be spiritually done , and for spirituall ends , there are farre fewer that have a spirituall eare to heare what the Spirit saith : Yet upon the works carnally done , and for carnall ends , doth the Papacy exceedingly multiply the number of her works of charity , mentioned in the Catalogue ; yet an army of these is but an army of dead men , even of dead workes , which have not the spirit : And uncharitable is shee who suffereth , yea , teacheth her children to bring forth dead works , when , by good instruction , they might have gotten life into them from the quickning Spirit . SECT . III. The Claime of Charitie is confuted , which is drawn from the seven Romish Sacraments . ANd as thus generally , so now more particularly let us put the Cavaliers supposed works of charity to the touch , and try whether true charity may bee proved by them to be in the Papacie . But before wee come to his proofes , I cannot but take notice that his preparative is very pleasant ; for therein hee speaks of seeing the holy catholick Church dissolve , and as it were defeate her selfe of her very selfe , for the acquiring of all imaginable , both temporall and eternall blessings to mankinde . Surely , it seemeth to mee , hee could hardly have chosen words more contrary to the actions of the Papacie : and this the former Chapter , and many Stories doe over-abundantly shew ; for we see plainly , that Rome is so farre from defeating her selfe , for eternall blessings to mankinde , that for the acquiring of temporall blessings to her selfe , shee defeats Kings both of their kingdomes and lives . And whereas hee saith , a man needs no more , but to have eyes in his head to see her charitablenesse ; it seems much rather , that hee who in numberlesse slaughters , and actions of bloud , doth not see her uncharitablenesse , hath need of that strong delusion which causeth men not to beleeve truth though they see it with their eies . But I come to the Authors owne Inventory of Romish works of charity , and take notice of it as it begins with a mans beginning , and for profitable reasons doth not end at his ending : For , seven proofes of charity which hee names , are seven Sacraments ; of which , one begins at mans birth , and the last comes as neere his end as it may ; but when it can goe no further , it is lengthened with prayer for the dead , which often brings good , or at least profit to the living ( if they bee paid for these prayers ) and so perchance may be taken for good works . But whereas among these he speakes of giving Baptisme and the Lords Supper , as fruits and proofes of Romish charity ; I answer , that the Papacie must allow or suffer the giving of these , or else there cannot be under her Throne that shew of a Church in which Antichrist must sit , that hee may looke like the beast which hath horns of a Lambe : Without these his mystery were neere dissolved , and wee should see the Dragon starke naked in him : therefore the Pope may keepe these for love to himselfe , and not to his subjects . But , saith the Cavalier , his Church gives Baptisme very early , as soone as the childe is borne , and this haste is a signe and a fruit of charity . And why may it not be a signe and fruit of error in judgement rather then of charitie ? yea , why may it not proceed of an uncharitable error , seeing it often damneth children for want of that washing which they could not have in their mothers belly ? for many thousands of infants must be damned by the same charitable opinion which makes this haste to baptize others . And although this opinion anciently might perchance bee taken for an error in judgement ; yet on the latter , to whom the point hath beene more plainely cleared , it may much more probably lay a guilt of uncharitablenesse . Sure it is , that if want of charity bee not the cause of it , yet want of charity doth accompany or follow it , as it doth the Popish beleefe of Protestants damnation : for to infants unbaptized , and Protestants , I thinke there is little charitie afforded by Papists when they have once damned them . Let them also consider how this doth give a proofe of their charity , when thereby they make the Gospel of grace more deadly then the killing Law : for the Law damned not infants for dying without circumcision seven daies after the birth , in which time there was a possibility of circumcising them ; but these men make the Gospel to damne children for dying unbaptized before they bee borne , when it is not possible to baptize them . The Lords Supper is put off for a while , and Confirmation is brought in next for a Sacrament , and this Sacrament for a confirmation of Romish charity : and indeed , so much as Confirmation is a Sacrament , so much let it be a confirmation of Romish charitie . But Suarez the Jesuite confesseth , that great Romish Doctors ( as Alensis and Bonaventure ) have taught that Confirmation was not instituted as a Sacrament by Christ or his Apostles . And himselfe affirmeth , that the time when Christ did institute this Sacrament is not recorded by the sacred Historians ; and withall , hee acknowledgeth ( according to Thomas ) that to institute new Sacraments belongs to that excellency of power which is Christs alone . So the sacramentality of Popish Confirmation seems to bee a stone , and not bread , which being given to children by a mother , proves rather her hatred then charity . But indeed , if they would make this use of Confirmation , to see that children bee brought , and made to understand the grounds of salvation , this were bread and not a stone , and so a fruit of charity , and not of hatred : but to give them an outward signe , that gives nothing from without by any Sacramentall institution ; and to give them no knowledge within , but a Creede or Lords Prayer in Latine , which they understand not , this is not a work of charity , but a deceiving , yea , a soule-killing cruelty and uncharitablenesse . The next seale of Romish charity , is the Sacrament of Confession and Penance ; whereby , as our Author saith , when a man hath drunk of the poysoned cup of actuall sin , Rome strives to make him cast it up againe . Much might here bee said to prove this auricular Confession to be no Sacrament , and so no charity in giving that for a Sacrament which is none . But of Romish uncharitablenesse in the use , or rather abuse of this which they call a Sacrament , there would scarce be time and place enough in the world to containe the proofes of it . Wee know what Markets are made of Indulgences , even absolution from Penance ; which being set to sale , doe plainely crosse Christs charitable doctrine , by making it easier for a rich man then a poore man to enter into the Kingdome of heaven . But indeed , it hath had this charitable consequence , that it hath caused many Nations to cast up , not single sins only , but the man of sinne himselfe : But otherwise , whereas this Author speakes of this Sacrament to cast up sinne , wee must complaine , that it hath beene used as a meanes to cast up goodnesse , and to cast sinne into a mould , even to nourish and strengthen it ; for Garnet thought it a good covert and hiding place of treason , saying , that in Confession hee first received the knowledge of the Powder-treason ; and secondly , himselfe would not say that hee did cause his Penitents to cast up this treason , but left it in their stomacks , wherein it lay with some of them untill death , not acknowledged as a sinne : Behold right Romish charity , plainly proved by the Sacrament of Confession ; yea , this Sacrament hath beene by them uncharitably used , as a means ( not to cast up sin , but ) to cast up righteousnesse ; for some maine acts and duties of righteousnesse have been put to Penance as great sinnes . Sir Thomas Overbury and my selfe met with an Irish Pilgrime in France , who taking us , as hee said , for Catholickes , ( wherein hee was not mistaken , if hee had rightly understood the word ) told us , that hee was enjoyned by way of penance to goe on Pilgrimage to Rome and Compostella , for serving Queene Elizabeth in her warres against Tyrone . See here not a sin cast up , but an excellent duty of subjection and loyalty ; and so the Romish Sacrament of Penance not a proofe of charity , but of disloyall uncharitablenesse . Hee goes on , and sayes that Rome , to make her child grow and stand out , feeds him from time to time with the precious Body of our blessed Lord in the Sacrament of the Altar . But where is Romish charitie in taking away the Bloud of our blessed Lord in the same Sacrament ? If it be charity to give bread to a childe , is it not uncharitable to deny him drinke ? but the children of Rome are left to cry like Sampson , though not heard as Sampson , Thou hast given this great deliverance ; and now shall I die for thirst ? Christ hath given them a great deliverance , and now Rome would kill them with thirst : Yet the same Lord in his Passion gives both meat and drink to their soules ; and therefore hee not onely saith , that his flesh is meate indeed , but that his bloud is drink indeed ; and so is hee perfect nourishment , and a just refection , being both meat and drinke . Hee gives no lesse to the true Israel then to the typicall Israel ( the type of the Church ) in their Journey to Canaan ; it is said of them , they did eat — spirituall meat , and drank — spirituall drink , for they drank of the Rock , and that Rock was Christ. But Romish charity , or uncharitablenesse takes from the people that drink which Christ gave them , and as it were drives the true Israel from the waters that issue from this Rock , to refresh them in their walking through the wildernesse to this heavenly Canaan . Neither doth it availe any thing to say , that there is bloud in the body , for bloud out of the body is given us in this Sacrament , to quench the otherwise unquenchable and ever-thirsty guilt of sinne . Bloud that was shed for us is given to us in this Sacrament , as the very words of our Saviour in the Institution of it doe affirme ; and if Christ say hee gives us bloud that is shed , either they must profanely deny the words which our Saviour spake , or else they must bee inforced to witnesse that they doe uncharitably , and unchristianly deny to us , that which our Saviour gave us : and indeed , bloud that is shed and so powred out of the body , is the proper Sacrifice for sinne ; for without the shedding of bloud there is no remission : yea , our Saviour himselfe here saith of his bloud given in the Sacrament , that it is shed for the remission of sinnes . What therefore Christ the fountaine of charity hath shed for us out of his body , and so given us being shed for the remission of our sinnes , is it not extreme uncharitablenesse in Rome to take the same from us ? for thereby shee takes from us an excellent means of the remission of our sinnes , and so the remission which should come to us by this meanes . I could here multiply complaints of Romish uncharitablenesse in the manifold abuses of this Sacrament ; and among them , of their Latine ( that is , barbarous , as Saint Paul saith ) and whispering Consecration . It is no Sacrament in the Romish beleefe , without the Priests intention ; and the words that should give some ghesse of his intention are not heard and understood : How short then are t●e poore people of knowing the Priests intention , when they either heare not , or understand not the words which might give them at least some hope of his intention ? But darknesse fits best with a doctrine of darknesse , and it is best nourished by that which begat it . But their doctrine of worshipping this Sacrament , yea , even when they know not whether it be a Sacrament , yea , carrying it about the streets in a solemne procession , on a set day , of purpose to bee worshipped , is a most killing uncharitablenesse ; if I may say of the Sacrament by their corruption , as Saint Paul of the Law by the corruption of nature , That which Christ ordained to life , is thus found to be unto death . The Lord of life appointed this Sacrament to communicate life by it ; and Popish uncharitablenesse by it gives death to her children . But I say the lesse , because the truly reverend and learned Bishop of Durham hath so plainely revealed , and soundly convinced the Idolatry of the Masse ; that hee who reads it , and after kils his soule by stumbling at this Idol , and falling downe before it into hell , cannot lay all the fault on Rome , but must share uncharitablenesse with her , and have part of his owne bloud laid on his owne head . It followes , If he will bestow himselfe upon the service of Almighty God , in a more particular manner , by taking Priesthood , shee not onely gives him holy Orders , but shee doth it by a Sacrament conferring grace : I should here have expected that Romish charity should have expressed her selfe in giving Orders and Grace to one that before had the grace and gift of Teaching from on high , which that Lord that ascended on high gave unto Pastors for the building of his Church ; but I heare nothing of this fruit of charity ; but I heare of a Priesthood , which too often is a resemblance of the order of Ieroboam , and that the Priesthood is a Sacrament divided into two Powers , a one to sacrifice , and another to absolve ; but I read not of a third power or commission of teaching to bee given by this Sacrament : and so the Priests lips , that under the Law and the reigne of the letter should preserve knowledge , now under the Gospel and Kingdome of light , notwithstanding any grace or power from this Sacrament , may leave the people in ignorance ; and the old complaint under the old , may be b renewed in the new ; My people perish for want of knowledge . And if thus they perish , it is very likely that , notwithstanding any grace of this Sacrament , it is not charity , but uncharitablenesse that kils them . Hee proceeds ; If hee have not spirit for so much as that , but resolves to walk on in the broad way of a married life , that state is honourable , though it be inferiour to the former ; and shee joynes him to a wife by a Sacrament also conferring grace . A strange opposition of things agreeing , and a setting at ods of things which God hath set at friendship . If hee have not spirit for so much as that , saith our Author , but resolves to walk on in the broad way of a married life , &c. as if hee that resolves to bee married may not have so much spirit as that which is fit for the Priesthood . I cannot see in any place of Scripture but that the spirit of Priesthood may very well agree with marriage , if the spirit of error that forbids marriage , did not work in the Papacy to set them at discord : yea , our Author saith , Order gives grace , and Matrimony gives grace ; and I wonder how one of these graces falls out with the other : I wonder also with what charity , or rather uncharitablenesse , Rome can deny Orders to a man that hath a gift of teaching , because hee hath not the gift of continency ; surely , shee is either uncharitable to Gods Church , in thus denying Orders where God hath given a gift that deserves them ; or uncharitable to the Minister , in tying him to that continency whereof the gift is not given him . On the one side , if this man want Orders , a Congregation that wants him , may starve for lack of him ; on the other side , if hee want marriage , his soule is tyed to the fire , and so is in danger to bee consumed with the flames of it ; and either way is Rome still uncharitable , even in these things by which our Author would prove her charity . As for the sacramentality of Marriage , and grace conferred by it , I must take them but for empty words , before I see Christs Institution in the Scriptures to put substance into them . A Sacrament , as Cassander from Hugo well gathers , is a signe instituted by Christ , to signifie and convey an inward grace , which by some likenesse it representeth : Now Marriage indeed representeth the union betweene Christ and his Church ; but it was not instituted by Christ , that this union should be given by it : and indeed , that such grace is represented and given by Marriage as by a Sacrament , wee read not in the Scriptures ; yea , their own Peter Lombard , Durand , and Cassander deny that marriage giveth grace : therefore it remaines onely as a Tridentine , and not a divine Sacrament of grace ; and the gift of a supposititious Sacrament with fained grace , is but a fruit of that carnall charitie which giveth stones for bread . He goes on ; If in his last sicknesse hee be afflicted by those sharpest arrowes of his invisible enemy , shee annoints him towards the combat , and enables him by that extreme Unction , and by the benedictions and prayers which accompany it , to resist and conquer those adverse powers . Behold a Romish Unction , different from the ancient Unction , even by the confession of a Romists themselves ; for this Unction is given us , as our Author tels us , in his last sicknesse . But the ancient Unction was given of purpose that it might not be his last sicknesse ; that was given to heale , this because hee is condemned to death , and thought past healing . Saint b Mark saith , that the twelve did annoint with oyle many that were sick , and healed them ; and S. c Iames , Let them pray over the sick , annoynting him oyle , and the prayer of faith shall save the sick , and the Lord shall raise him up . So wee see that healing or raising up is expected as a fruit of this ancient Annointing ; but death is expected as a follower of Romish Annointing , for even Bellarmine's proofe of this Sacrament is drawne from the desperate and dying state of the sicke ; That since Sacraments were provided for our helpe in our ingresse into the Church , and our progresse in the Church , it is not to be beleeved that there should want one at our egresse . See here , that the Unction which anciently was used for our regresse , is now used by Romists for our egresse ; And therefore it is not the same Unction ; yea , it is not the same , if wee beleeve their Cardinall Cajetane , saying , that Saint James his Unction agreeing with the Apostles Unction , doth not agree with extreme Unction in word nor effect : and indeed , the effect of S. Iames his Unction was health ; but the expected consequence of Romish Unction is death . Wherefore , let them joine health to their Oyle , which was anciently joyned to it , and then wee will think they give that Unction which was the ancient Unction , and a fruit of charity . But if they give Oyle without health , the signe without the thing , what charity is there to give an empty signe in stead of a reality ? Yea , how doe they abuse that Oyle , aswell as the Receivers , in misgiving it as a Sacrament of death , which in the true use of it was appointed for a meanes of life ? SECT . IV. Monasteries , and other Romish works bearing a shew of charitie , are proved to bee contrary to it . BUt Romish charity seemes not to leave men when they bee dead , but then followes them ; even dead men with dead prayers , issuing from a blinde , and therefore a dead charity . For is it not a dead charity that in her prayers for the dead is not animated by a true and lively faith ? the want whereof turnes all things ( and ther●fore both the shewes of charity and prayers ) into sinne . And can there be any faith without the Word of God ? and doth the Word of God any where shew Purgatory so evidently that faith may assuredly beleeve it , and thereupon offer up prayers for the deliverance of the dead from it ? A Work ascribed to S. b Augustine plainly saith ; The catholick faith by divine Authority beleeves a first place , The kingdome of Heaven ; it also beleeves a second , which is Hell : a third wee wholly know not ; yea , wee finde that it is not in the holy Scriptures . Now , if it bee not in the holy Scriptures , it is no matter of faith ; and if Purgatory be not of faith , then the prayers for soules to bee freed from that Purgatory whereof there is no faith , are prayers not of a true , that is , a beleeving and seeing charity , but rather of blinde infidelity . As for this Authors praying for the dead to the worlds end , I wonder why he should speak of it , when he should not be ignorant , that if the living friends of the dead bee rich , there is a shorter way to free them out of Purgatory , then to pray to the worlds end . Besides , the Treasure of the Church growing by the growth of Papall charity , which delivers soules out of Purgatory ; it is a wonder how that Papall charity doth not inlarge it selfe and the Churches Treasure to the utmost , in a whole deliverance of Soules out of Purgatory , and so leave no worke for the tedious charity of praying for them to the worlds end . But it seems , that either there is a want of charitie in the Pope , who may deliver soules and will not ( especially seeing a for money they may bee delivered ) : or if hee doe deliver them , it is rather vanity then charity that prayeth for soules to the worlds end , which before the worlds end are delivered . Our Author comes next to Monasteries and religious Houses , as proofes of Romish charity ; where hee tels us , That being consecrated by the vows of Poverty , Chastity , and Obedience , their Church , with excessive charitie , provides means for them , that they may bee enabled to live , and wholly to attend that sacred function , for the assistance of mankind in the way of Spirit , without scattering and dispersing their thoughts and cares upon providing for the necessaries of this life . Surely , if the Author can prove it to be charity which hath made this provision , all the world without more proof may beleeve it to bee excessive : For so excessive hath it beene in provision , that it hath fret deeply into Church and Common-wealth , having eaten up a great part of the maintenance of the Clergie in Appropriations , and a great part of Lay possessions in Bequeathes and Donations : yea , this excessive charity hath provided such meanes for these thus consecrated by the vowes of poverty , obedience , and chastitie , that the excessive provision hath exceedingly devoured the consecrating poverty , obedience , and chastity : for the spirit of error works in these members of the Papacy , as it doth in the Head , bringing contraries out of contraries ; from the prosession of poverty infinite riches ; of chastity , most foul uncleannes ; and of obedience , high disobedience to the Lord of the Universe : yea , rebellion against his Deputies and annointed Ones , the Kings of the earth . And whereas the Champion thinks that this provision of excesse should look like the fruit of charity , because it enableth Monks to live without distraction ; if he meane labour by distraction , let him know , that herein his wisdome differs much from the wisdome of the ancient Fathers . S. a Basil both urgeth the labour of Monkes by the example of Christ and his Apostles ; yea b , hee particularly names the Trades and Professions which hee would have them to use . And Saint c Hierome is very earnest in it , and saith , that the Egyptian Monasteries admit none without labour . St. Augustine , he hath a Worke of the worke of Monks , and tels the meaner sort of them , d That by no meanes it is comely , that in that course of life wherein ▪ Senators are laborious , labourers should bee idle . And hee confutes this idle conceit which then was on foote , That Monks must bee idle , because they must live like the e Lillies , and neither work nor spin . And in poorer Houses , the works of the Monks was taught and required untill late f times , even so late as the Abbot Tritheimius , who lived about an hundred and fifty yeers past . This Abbot in an Homily of the handy-labour of Monks , presseth it earnestly , by the blessednesse in the Psalme , pronounced on them that eat the labours of their hands ; by the first penalty of labour laid on Adam ; by Saint Paul's rule , That hee who would not labour should not eat : yea , hee cites their own g Father Benedict , who saith in his Rule , Idlenesse is an enemy to the soule , and therefore at certaine times the Monks must bee busied in the labours of their hands . Hee acknowledgeth honestly , that which was formerly spoken out of Saint Hierome , That in the first setting up of the Monasticall estate ▪ it was a custome not to admit any Monks into that fellowship without labour : And he confesseth as plainely , how idlenesse came in ; After that the Monks began to have riches and rents , the ancient simplicity decayed , and pride grew so upon the growth of riches , that at last Monks generally refused to labour with their hands . Yet hee ceaseth not to exhort his owne Monks to that labour which was now growne so much out of use , and from which ( as this Abbot tels us ) excessive provision had distracted other Monks ; though it be here by the Cavalier mistaken for a proofe of charity . And whereas he calls it a sacred function ; surely idlenesse is no function : yea , I doubt not but I might truly say , that it was never any function , even when it was at best . But men of divers functions met together to h live ( as they thought ) so neer as they might , according to the patterne of the primitive Christians . And as a Citizen that lives under the rules and government of a City , cannot call his citizen-ship a function , no more may the Monk call his Monkery a function for living under the rules of a i Monastery . But as it stands at this day , we have too many proofes , that if it were a sacred function at the first , it is generally now neither function , nor sacred . k Erasmus , in his Antidote upon that Epistle of Hierome to Rusticus , formerly alledged , saith , Let it offend no man , that in this Epistle , nor in any of the former , Saint Hierome commandeth none of those things which in these dayes are required of Monks . Of those three vowes which they call solemne , there is not one word . But wee must remember that which is cleerly manifest by this mans Writings , that in Hieromes time there was not that kind of Monks which we see in our age . And l Cassander thus agreeth with him ; It is manifest enough , how much Monkery is now degenerated from the first originall , how defiled and deformed with abuses ; true and solid religion being changed into an empty shew of religion : and riches increasing piety hath decreased . Thus wee see what is become of the sacred function , and what a work of charitie it hath beene to give those riches to it , which have been the means to diminish the piety of it . And indeed , such fearfull abominations have beene discovered in monasteries , since idlenesse met in them with excessive provision , that scarce any roaring m Society can match this sacred function . So farre is it from assisting mankinde in the way of Spirit , that it hath given to mankind most loathsome and scandalous examples in the way of the flesh : For how many Stories are stuffed with their adulteries , murders of children , unnaturall pollutions ? yea , in our owne Chronicle , the eyes of the Reader are almost defiled with the names of Monks found guilty of that sinne of fire and brimstone . And indeed , take a man with strength of body , and by the provision of excessive charity joyned with idlenesse and fulnesse , you make him a right Citizen of Sodom . And now call him a Monk if you will , hee shall bee but a Monk of the Order of Sodome ; his function farre from sacred , farre from the Spirit , but even a hellish trade of fleshly abominations : And so I think we have drawn up these conclusions , First , That it should not bee true Christian charity which by excessivenesse gives that provision which makes such a childe of hell . Secondly , It may bee no charity , because it may bee an erroneous opinion of merit and satisfaction . And it is too well knowne , that the supposed expiation of crying sins hath laid the foundation of too many Monasteries . Thirdly , This Provision may be a fruit not of Romish Charity , but of Romish Policy : for Rome may cherish this provision , and enriching of Monasteries , that they may serve as so many Garrisons for Rome against Princes : for by them they may diminish Kingdoms ; and as much as they take from these , so much they adde to the Kingdome of Rome . The Champion passeth on , and having wrought a glittering curtaine bespangled with the seeming good works of Visiting the condemned , Redeeming captives , Instructing the ignorant , hee spreads this curtaine before the eyes of his Readers , at once to dazle them with this glorious shew , and to cover from them the horrid spectacle of Romes bloudy uncharitablenesse . That there are no good works in the limits of Rome , I will no more say , then I will say there are no knees there ●hat doe not bow to Baal . And these ( as I said before ) serve well the turne of the Beast , to make his hornes shew like those of the Lambe , as they doe at this time serve our Author to make a shew that Rome is charitable . But take out of his Inventory those works that are done for satisfaction , to pay God the debt of sins , and so to make them Saviours ; or , for merit and supererogation , to bring God in debt unto man , I doubt not the remaining works , like Gideons Army , will abate from thousands to hundreds . And indeed , the greater multitude there is of erroneous works ; the more Arguments , not of Romish charity , but of Romish error and superstition . But when among these works of Romish charity I see the Instructing of the ignorant , I wonder at the Cavaliers blinde partiality , that could not see this which hee brings forth as a proofe of Romish charity , to bee an high proofe and accusation of Romish uncharitablenesse : and this uncharitablenesse is the greater for his owne reason , because soules are more precious then bodies . So that the n great deluge of this transcendent uncharitablenesse to soules , seemes to drowne all the former w●rks of charity to the body : And indeed , what instruction can a Latin Pater no●ter , a Latin Creed , a Latin Ave Maria , a Latin Masse give to an ignorant soule ? It hath been to mee a spectacle of compassion , when beyond the Seas , in some principall City , I have met with a poore Popish soule , that spake some of these her devotions in that which was thought to be Latin , but could not bee understood to bee Latin by those who knew that language , much lesse by the party that knew it not : what instruction can these words give to the ignorant , which the ignorant know not ? This is not to take away ignorance , but to add new ignorance to the old . And surely , they need not to send men to compasse sea and land to convert Infidels abroad , untill they have converted their ignorant unbeleevers at home ; for if they make no better Christians abroad then they leave thousands at home , it is but to pollute that glorious Name wherewith wee are called , and to put the name of Christians on those that know not Christ. Now , that Rome is this cruell Stepmother , whose children thus lye swowning & dying in the streets for hunger , though our eies have seen it , let Romish words speak it . Let us hear their great Jesuit Navarre setting forth the ignorance of the Romish Church as her shame , whereas the Cavalier sets forth the Instruction of the ignorant as her glory . Hee sins mortally , saith he , who being come to the judgement of reason , neglects explicitely and particularly to know the second Person of the Trinity , that is , That the Sonne of God the Father was made man , was born , and dyed , &c. And he that is ignorant of other Articles of the Creed , at least those which the Church doth solemnize ( by Festivall dayes ) &c. Wherefore we desire all Curates , Godfathers , Parents , & Confessors , ( especially of the common people ) and all Preachers of Gods Word , that they will not cease to inculcate this particular and explicite faith of these Articles , and of those other which are contained in the Apostles Creed , which the holy Church of Rome doth use : For in the whole Church of Christ there is so great negligence about these , that every where you shall finde many that beleeve no more explicitely and in particular of these , then an heathen Philosopher , endued onely with the naturall knowledge of one true God. And now , if the Reader withdraw this painted and deceitfull curtaine that seemes to represent a Heaven sprinkled with the Starres of seeming good works , and looke into the Hell of Romish uncharitablenesse , whereof a small , but true modell was represented in the former Chapter : Or , if he see it not there ; he will look into the Inquisition House , and there behold it set forth to life , or rather to death , in severall torments ; I doubt not but this pleasant image will soon be frighted out of his Imagination , by the terrible shape of Rome appearing all bloudy , and drunken with the bloud of the saints . And so the improbability of Romish uncharitablenesse to Protestants will vanish away like a fantasie , and a Poeticall fable . And indeed , if the Pharisee , notwithstanding his tyth-paying and fasting , went away condemned , because proudly and uncharitably hee despised and damned the Publicane , though hee did neither imprison no● burne him ; how shall Rome escape this condemnation , which both despiseth , and damneth , and imprisoneth , and tortureth , and burneth Protestants , whom shee accounteth worse then Publicans and Heathens . And thus , though the Cavaliers words may bee true , that At the first sight it is wholly improbable that Rome is uncharitable ; yet at the second sight it is more then probale , because it is proved . This Chapter is almost ended ; but before the end of it , the Champion shoots an arrow like a Parthian flying , even then to hurt us when hee seemes to looke from hurting us . Hee would seeme to spare Protestants in not recriminating ; yet in naming this not recriminating hee did not spare us ; but indeed hee did spare himselfe most , in not urging it more ; for wee have such proofs of Protestant charity as may shame his Recrimination : For they are ready to bee brought forth against a Recriminator , and may binde his Recrimination as a crown to the head of the Protestants . And when a catalogue of them is brought forth , wee may boldly say ( and that not without Recrimination to Romists ) that none of them are the bastard fruits of Romish and carnall errors of merit and satisfaction . But a patterne of these works of charity hath been already presented to the world ; and yet not of all Protestants , but of this Kingdome , and yet not of the whole Realme , but of some part for the whole . And that I send not away the Reader altogether empty , I will take a part of that part ; and this part , I doubt , is not to bee matched by any proportionable part of the Romish Jurisdiction , in the same proportion of time . Thus he begins ; Whereas the Professors of the Gospel are generally charged by the Romanists , as barren and fruitlesse of good workes , I will , to stop their slanderous mouthes , shew by a particular induction , that more charitable works have been performed in the times of the Gospel , then they can shew to have beene in the like time of Popery , or in twice so much time now going immediately before . And because it would require an endlesse labour to make collection of all such works , — I will give instance onely of three most famous places of this Land , which have most abounded in these fruits : namely , the City of London , and the two Universities . And then , having reckoned and summed up divers gifts , hee thus concludes his totall ; They want not much of a Million . But if all other gifts which came not to my knowledge were added , the summe would farre exceed a Million . In which summe I comprehend not the yeerely collection of 30000. pounds through the Parishes of this Land. And I think the time since this computation hath yet beene more fruitfull ; the summes being very great which have been given for the maintenance of forrain Preachers and exiles , repairing of Churches , redeeming of captives , enlarging and beautifying of Colledges , erecting or increasing Libraries ; amongst which , that of Oxford growes to so large and glorious a lustre , that doubtlesse it dazels the eyes of Popery to behold it . CHAP. IV. Opposed to the Cavaliers second Chapter , wherein he labours to excuse the uncharitable censure of Papists in damning Protestants . SECT . I. The Protestants Religion is declared to be a saving Religion , In respect 1. of the Object of faith . 2. Of the meanes of beleeving the Word and Sacraments . 3. Of the effects of faith , charity and repentance . WEe are told in this Chapter , that when Romists give the sentence of damnation against us , they doe it not against us , but against our heresie ; or , if you will , Protestancy . But I answer , If Protestancy doe not damne us , then Papists doe damne us : for as a guiltlesse person , whom his owne crime doth not condemn , may be truly said to be slaine and condemned by the witnesses which falsely accuse him ; so Protestants not being condemned by Protestancy , are damned by the false witnesses of Rome . And indeed , if they would suspend their uncharitable censures of damnation untill they had manifestly proved the faith of Protestants to be damnable , the Cavalier on this quarrell might have had no need to put on his defensive Armour : yea , if hee had but considered the whole verse , whereof he takes a part , therewith to conclude this Chapter , hee needed not to have begun it : his peece is this ; Hee that beleeveth not shall bee co●demned : and that which he left out is this ; He that beleeveth and is baptized shall bee saved : now hereunto I subjoyn , But , Protestants do beleeve , and are baptized ; and how can it chuse but follow , Therefore Protestants shall bee saved ? And that there may be no quarrell about saving faith , Let the Author and Finisher of our faith , the Judge of quick and dead , bee Judge betweene us . Heare the Word of that Word which is God ; This is the will of him that sent me , that every one which seeth the Sonne , and beleeveth on him , may have everlasting life ; and I will raise him up at the last day . And if this Word who is Truth had any need of witnesses , it were easie to produce them : So that whatsoever distance betweene Christ and a soule this Author doth speake of , it is taken away by that justifying faith which uniteth us to Christ , and makes us one spirit with him : For by faith wee being made his Spouse , flesh of his flesh , bone of his bone , and spirit of his spirit , Christ is ours , and we are Christs ; our debts are his , his merits are ours : for indeed , if Christ bee ours , all things are ours ; and among those all things are Christs merits . And now being in Christ Jesus , let Rome , and the present Romists say what they will , Saint Paul to the pure and primitive Romans plainely said , There is to us no condemnation . None can separate whom God hath thus put together ; no , not the gates of Hell , though set open in the Papacie , and sending sorth Champions against us , can separate us from the love of God in Christ Iesus . Againe , for the meanes and furtherance of this uniting and saving faith , the advantage is incomparably on our side . The ordinary and maine meanes of begetting and increasing this faith , is the preaching of the Gospel , if wee will beleeve the Spirit of God speaking in the Apostles . And let the Pope take a survey of his Dominions , and I thinke it will palpably appeare , that hee comes farre short of matching this Nation with any proportionable part of his Kingdome , in the Gifts , Abilities , and Numbers of solide and profitable Preachers : These gifts then being given by Him that ascended on high , for the edifying and saving of his Body , wee will make no doubt , but that the Harvest is great where the Labourers sent forth with these gifts , are so many : And withall , hereby wee may learne , That to obtaine th●se gifts from on high , by which soules may bee saved , and to obtaine salvation by the ministry of those gifts ; there is no need of being subject to the Popes Supremacy , seeing wee have both very plentifull without it . But this Champion is still angry , because we have not great store of Sacraments ; and yet he knoweth that his owne Doctors do confesse that a man may bee saved , if hee have no more Sacraments then we doe use and acknowledge . And indeed , if a man in Regeneration , whereof Baptisme is a seale , doe put off originall sinne with the guilt of it , and receive a new life of Grace , and by the use of the Lords Supper , put off the guilt of actuall sinne , and nourish and increase this new life , I doubt not but hee may goe safe and sound from strength to strength , untill he see God in Sion . And therefore the French a Bishop Fulbertus , said , five hundred years past ; that in three things ; A right Faith in the Trinity , To know the reason of Baptisme , And of the Lords Supper , the whole summe of Mans salvation did consist . As for charity and pennance , which the Author would commend to us , wee acknowledge that charity is the sap which issueth from the true vine Christ Iesus , into those that are ingrafted in him by faith . But wee must be in the vine , before wee can draw this sap from him : And if wee be in him , then ( as Saint Paul told us before , ) wee are , even at the same instant , those to whom there is no condemnation . And penitence ( for I hope that is the best pennance ) also is the fruit of this union , and of the new life which wee receive by it : For Regeneration makes a Well of water in the soule , which springeth up to eternall life . Now the nature of a Well , is , by an ever springing purity , to purge and cast out the filth that is cast into it : And thus doth the Well of Grace in our soules cast out the filth of actuall sins by repentance . And , indeede , to both these doth our Church call us in our preparations to the Lords Supper : so that in regard of the care of our Church and her Remembrancers , wee have no need of Popish admonitions , towards charity and repentance ; and in regard of the Lords Supper , which is Christs remembrance of these duties to us , wee have no need of more Popish Sacraments . And now , if there were cause , I could say much more of the sufficiency of our faith : for wee beleeve that which a Canisius the Jesuite saith , is the summe of things to be beleeved , the Creed of the Apostles . And if there were yet need of a larger faith , b Let us heare King James of ever glorious memory , what he saith of his Protestant faith : I am such a Catholique Christian as beleeveth the three Creeds , I reverence and admit the foure first generall Councells as Catholique and Orthodox . Briefly , wee have so full and saving a faith in Jesus Christ and his Gospell , that , except the Pope bring us another Jesus , and another Gospell , wee neede not to heare him ; and if hee bring another Jesus , and another Gospell , then hee is accursed . SECT . II. The presumption of Papists in condemning this saving faith , & whereas the Cavalier denyes , that they hold Protestants to be in the case of those who sinne against the Holy Ghost , it is shewed , by a fearfull example , that denying the Doctrine of the Protestants hath been taken for the sin against the holy Ghost . ANd now being justified by God in Jesus Christ , through a saving faith , who shall condemne us ? Certainely the faith which saveth us , will not condemne us : Therefore , if Romists condemne us when wee have this saving faith , they are to bee condemned for unjust condemning us . They must have that judgement wherewith they have judged others ; and so they have not so much condemned us as themselves . They draw the woe and curse upon themselves , which is denounced against those that call good evill , and take the righteousnesse of the righteous from him . And thus doing , they are far from taking the place of Almighty God in judging his servants , which this man saith som of ours do lay against them as a charge : For indeed , to speak more rightly , they might say , that herein Romists take the place of the Accuser of the Brethren : They put themselves into the place of that Father of untruth and uncharitablenesse that falsely accused Job as an Hypocrite , and assayed to provoke God and Men against the Children of God. Yet doth not the Divell ( nor his instruments ) falsly accuse and terrifie the faithfull without an especiall craft : For hee is a cunning Fowler ; and a Fowler , when hee hath spread his net before some cleft of a Rock where birds rest in safety , he assayes by noyses , out-cries , and terrors to fright them out of their safety , that so they may come into his net : So the Divell , when he seeth soules safely resting by faith in the Rock Christ Iesus , hee assayeth to fright them out of their safety , by the out-cries and terrors of damnation . And the Romists joyne with them in these terrible noyses , so to fright Protestants from their Rock of safety , into their net of errors , superstitions , idolatries , and especially that large Net of Idolatry , the Popes Deity and Supremacy . But , as the onely safety of the bird is not to feare these out-cries , neither by feare of a false danger to runne into a true one ; so it is the safety of Protestants not to feare these noyses , nor for the feare of a false damnation , to runne into a true one : Let them keepe close to their Rock of safety , Christ Iesus , and from this safety they may assuredly expect salvation . But contrarily , the false Accusers , and affrighters , and casters of damnation , shall be truely in danger of the same damnation which they have falsely laid on the heires of salvation . This Author speakes yet further , of a charge laid by us on Romists , That they say , Protestancy is as the sinne against the Holy Ghost . I thinke the meaning of this charge is onely to this purpose ; That Romists , in saying that unrepented Protestancie doth damne men , doe make it , in effect , as mortall as the impenitent sinne against the Holy Ghost . But for every way of charging them for their uncharitable censure , I doe not undertake ; for it may suffice mee any way to shew that this censure is uncharitable . Yet seeing wee are fallen into the mention of comparing Protestancy to the sin against the Holy Ghost , let us behold in a patterne how neerely falling from Protestancie hath been taken for the sin against the Holy Ghost . F. Spira , a learned Lawyer , dwelling neere Padua , having embraced the true Religion with great zeale , and making open profession of the same , was complained of to the Popes Legate ; which when hee understood , and saw the danger , after hee had long deliberated and consulted what was best to bee done , hee resolved at last to goe to the Legate ; accordingly he went to him to Venice , craved pardon , and promised future obedience : The Legate , for an example to others , commanded him after his returne to make an open recantation ; which accordingly hee performed . But having done this against his conscience , to maintaine himselfe and his charge , being returned to his house , hee could not rest an houre , no , not a minute , nor feele any ease of his continuall anguish . And even from that night hee was so terrified , and had such horror of his actions , as hee held himselfe for lost : For , as he himselfe did confesse , hee saw plainely before his eyes all the torments of hell , and the damned ; and in his soule did heare the fearfull sentence , being drawn before the Judgment seat of Iesus Christ. Hee was carried to Padua , where famous and excellent Physicians did visit him , and gave him Physicke with singular affection : but they soone found that he was little sick in body , but grievously in minde . Nothing came out of his mouth that was lightly or foolishly spoken , or that might discover any raving in him . They asked him if hee thought his sinne to bee so foule , that it could not be pardoned through the bounty and infinite mercie of God. His answer was , That hee had sinned against the Holy Ghost , which was so great a sinne , as it is called a sinne unto death ; whereof this wretched man discoursed amply , learnedly , and too subtly against himselfe : Hee said , that hee did acknowledge the severity of Gods judgement , who had chosen him to make him a spectacle rather then any other , and to admonish all by one mans mouth , to abstaine from all impiety , confessing that there was no reproach nor punishment which hee had not deserved by reason of his foule offence . After hee had discoursed gravely of the Divine Justice , hee said , That they should not account strange this his speech , for that oftentimes God doth wrest out of the mouth of Reprobates most assured testimonies of his Majestie , his Justice , and his fearefull Vengeance ; as wee see in Iudas , confessing his owne sin , and justifying his Master . Many testimonies of Scripture being alledged to divert him from this fearfull apprehension , and being exhorted to receive into his heart a hope and a trust of salvation by Iesus Christ ; hee said , even in that whereby you doe exhort mee to gather some hope , I see all meanes of health and pardon taken from mee . For , if the Testimonies of the holy Scripture have any authority ( as they have ) doe you thinke that Iesus Christ said in vaine , that he which renounceth him before men , hee will renounce him before his heavenly Father ? Doe you not see that this concerns mee , and that it is as it were particularly verified in my person ? What shall become of him whom the Sonne hath disavowed before his Father , when , as you say , wee must hope for no salvation but in Iesus Christ ? It cannot bee beleeved with what gravity and vehemency his words were delivered ; neither was there ever man heard pleading better for himselfe , then Spira against himselfe : Hee said , That God did set the precious bloud of Iesus Christ , and the dignity of his obedience , as an high and strong Rampart , that sinners , repenting them , might not bee drowned with the overflowing of their sinnes , and offences : As for himselfe , seeing hee had renounced our Saviour Iesus Christ , hee had ( as one should say ) overthrown this strong Rampart with his owne hands , so as the deluge of the waters of vengeance had covered and swallowed up his soule . One of his most familiars said unto him ; that his great torment proceeded from abundance of Melancholy which troubled his braine . Spira remembring that hee had many times refuted this opinion , said ; You may thinke what you please , but God in truth hath troubled my spirit , seeing it is impossible for me to have any hope of salvation . Thus hee continued , and withall , refused to eate any more meate , and so being carried from Padua to his owne house , in this despaire hee died . CHAP. V. Against the Cavaliers third Chapter , First , it is proved , That although unitie bee necessary in the true Church , yet doth not this discharge the Papists from uncharitablenesse in damning Protestants . SECT . I. Wherein is declared ; first , the weakenesse of his Grounds and Deductions . Secondly , what kinde of unity is required in the Church . WEe are past the Champions unproved , and indeede disproved improbability of this assertion ; That Rome wants charity in casting damnation upon Protestants . Now we are com to his untruth : It is untrue , saith hee , that Romists want charity , in thus damning Protestants . And by what reason doth hee prove it to bee untrue ? Because there is but one Church : a strange kinde of reasoning ; that this should bee an untruth , that Rome is uncharitable in damning Protestants because there is but one Church ; when even hence appeares the truth of her uncharitablenesse . For if there be but one Church , and Protestants be members of this one Church , how is it not most true that it is uncharitable to damne the true members of this one Church ? Now that Protestants are members of this one Church is a truth already proved , which nothing that this Author saith in this booke , or can say , will ever disprove ; but much rather his grounds or rules , by which hee would oppugne our truth , doe prove it , and make against himselfe and his untruth . His grounds are these ; There is but one Church , and one Religion , out of which there is no salvation . Secondly , the unity of the members of this Church is broken betweene Papists and Protestants . Thirdly , that both Papists and Protestants are not saveable in their severall Religions . But what doth all this prove but that Protestants ▪ first , may bee members of the true Church ; with whom , secondly , Papists doe breake unity ; therefore , thirdly , Papists are not saveable ? His owne proofes make not against us , but make against him and his owne fellowes . But the inference sowed hereunto is most miserable , That no one is to be blamed , if , conceiving his owne to bee the onely true Religion , hee declares the dangerous estate wherein hee takes any other man to bee , who communicates and agrees not with him : but rather that hee is obliged to let him know it . An inconsequent untruth , except consequent because deduced from untruths ; and so it must either accuse the premisses , or it selfe . Doth the Author himselfe beleeve what hee saith ? or can it come into his judgement , that if two hold two contrary opinions , whereof one is true , and the other false , that he which holds the false is not to be blamed , if he declare to the other that the truth is falsehood , and thereupon tell him that hee is in danger to be damned by beleeving the truth , so to terrifie him out of the truth into his owne falsehood ? If there be no fault in this , then how can any man blame a Turk for telling a Christian that hee cannot well bee saved , except he turne Turke ? Surely whatsoever this Cavalier may thinke of this kinde of doctrine , I beleeve that if the same were maintained in false titles to a Crown , the Law would call it treason : For if a Subject conceiving his false title to bee good , should tell his Prince that he were an Usurper , were not such a Subject to be blamed ? Surely , whatsoever a Romist may thinke of such a one , I doubt not but the Law would thinke him worthy of a capitall Sentence . And it is likely the abbetters of him by such doctrines , would not bee freed from blame and danger . But if this Champion had sought advice , his own Doctors could have holpen him out of his error : For they a can tell him that an erroneous conscience doth not binde to the doing of that which it erroneously thinkes should be done ; the proper Guide of our Actions should be Light and Knowledge , not darknesse and error : Neither is the Will bound to obey other then the rectified Understanding . And therefore , if the conscience being deceived , do prescribe that to be done which is unlawfull , the true and onely remedy is to cleere the conscience from the errors , & not to follow it in errors : For this were to double the fault which before was single ; for the errour in the conscience was one , and now the following of that errour is another . And if the Cavalier know it not , there is also a Romish Doctor that can tell him a cause and root of this very errour which damneth men that shall bee saved . And indeed it is a vice not beseeming a Cavalier , which hee calleth Pusillanimity . * An errour of ●onscience is caused by pusillanimity of heart , whereby a man fears that which should not be feared according to the right judgement of reason ; and such a conscience is too strict , and therefore to bee avoided , because it causeth three evills , whereof the third is this , It damnes him that should be saved . But thus this errour of the Cavalier being taken from him , by which he thinkes he may follow his erroneous conscience , in denouncing damnation to those that are saved , the very sinnew and bond of his discourse is cut assunder ; and all his ensuing labour lost , by which hee strives to prove that Protestants and Romists are divided , and cannot both bee saved : For though they be thus divided , a Papist cannot charitably tell a saved Protestant that hee is damned because hee doth erroneously beleeve it . Yet will he needs goe on to his proofes of unity , though altogether unprofitable , and unable to excuse Rome from the charge of being uncharitable to Protestants : yea , it rather aggravates his charge , and makes her more uncharitable , in not holding unity with so good Christians as Protestants . Yet hee is resolved to goe on , and to utter that which hee gathered upon this head , or rather upon this word of Unity : for the places which hee brings forth , it seemes , please him well , if they doe speake of the word Unity , or something neere to the sound of it , though the meaning bee nothing of that unity which it concernes him ( even in this his walke of impertinency and wandering ) to pursue and prove . For sometimes his Allegations seeme to prove that there should bee in the Church one Head , and sometimes one Heart and Affection , somtimes one Spirit . But if the Author would bee pleased to remember his owne businesse , he might consider that his worke is to prove that there is in the Church such an entire unity in all points of Doctrine , that there can be no difference or dissent in any one point , though never so small , but that by this difference the unity of the Church and salvation is lost . For wee deny not , but there must bee one heart , and one affection , and one spirit in the Church , and all this in and under the unity of one Head , Christ Iesus . Againe , we acknowledge that God did found but one Church , and one Religion ; and that without these two there is no salvation : But except the Author prove that the unity of this one Church , and of this one Religion consists in this , that the beliefe of all must be one and the same in all points , under paine of Damnation ; the former words of unity are meere words , and not pertinent to this end , neither will they make up his taske . For when hee comes to his next point , that this unity is broken betweene Protestants and Romists , wee will presently deny that wee have any way broken that unity of faith , which holds us in unity with the Church ; and consequently wee are still in the state of salvation , and so all his errand is lost . Therefore the most places being impertinent , as proving that which wee deny not , and indeed make nothing for him being granted , hee hath two or three , which by screwes are wrested toward this full unity in points of beliefe , though they reach not home to it . This perchance hee aymed at in other places but they would not joyne with him . SECT . II. The argument drawne from the authority of the High Priest among the Iewes answered . A First of his unproving and impertinent places , is that of Deut. 17. where ( as our Author saith ) his whole people should be subject to the determination of the High Priest for the time being ; and this upon no lesse then paine of death : In which sentence , there was to be no appeale . And a little after , The great authority and power , which was cast upon the individuall Person of one Iudge . But first if wee will reade the words of God himselfe , we may see that He speaks of more then one individuall Person : For Hee speakes of the Levites , the Priests , and the Judge . And if a man will not hearken to the Priest , or to the Judge , that then he should dye . But secondly , it must bee remembred , that that which the Priest or the Judge must pronounce , must bee the sentence of the Law : For even the Prophet must dye , which shall presume to speak a word which God hath not commanded . Yet thirdly , wee well know , That this speaking according to the Law , was often neglected by the Priests ; and therefore they brake the Covenant of Levi , and led the people into errors , as hereafter more fully may bee proved . And I hope this Champion will not say , that the people lost their salvation if they did not hold unity with the errors of the Priests . And whereas hee addeth , That there could bee no Religion or Church that did not agree with this ; Wee take not this to bee the present Question : but , Whether all beleevers , Proselites or Jewes , did in every point , by the Priests decision , hold an unity of beliefe , and did in no point differ : Now this , I thinke , will never bee both affirmed and proved . For not only humane Testimonies , but the Scriptures themselves doe shew us , that there were divers sects and opinions among them , and yet they joyned together in externall unity , not dividing themselves into two Religions and Churches . But to put this Author out of trouble , in regard of his individuall High Priest , the mention of whom seemes to looke asquint on the Pope , as his shadow ; let him remember , That the High Priest was himselfe a shadow of Christ , and when Christ came , this shadow was abolished ; and when this shadow dyed , it left not the Pope either heire or executor ; and so hee can be at best but the counterfeit of an abolished shadow . And thus all this Authors labours for the High Priest are left to the Pope . But see how yet it fals out more unhappily against him ; for after hee had made mention of the individuall High Priest , his next proofe ariseth from Korah , Dathan , and Abiram , punished for Schisme ( and not for Heresie , and difference in Doctrine ) against two individuall persons , Moses and Aaron . SECT . III. It is declared , 1. That the unity of the Church may be preserved without an exact agreement in all points of doctrine . 2. That the Papists exalt the Pope above God , in that they hold all differences from the Popes determination to bee mortall , and yet some breaches of Gods Law to bee veniall . ANother place of his , very impertinent to his purpose , is taken or racked out of the Psalmes ; which , differently from the originall and corrected Translations , hee thus paraphraseth ; Hee makes them to bee all after one manner , and to bee endued with the same affections and dictamens concerning Gods service . But the word dictamens we leave to this Author , as being his owne , and not the Texts ; onely wee may upon request allow this place , and the next ( of Christs prayer for unity , Iohn 17 ) to intend unity of affections ; and yet hee will bee short of his unity in all points of Doctrine . And it is wel known , that if this were meant , the present Romists themselves have not that unity , neither those who farre excelled them , the ancient Martyrs and Fathers . And farre more guilty are they against the prayer of Christ , in maintaining division a of affections towards Patriarchall Sees , and many eminent parts of the catholick Church : for the Pope is like Ismael , his sword against every man that will not submit to his universall Supremacy . And according to this dividing Spirit of the Papacie , is it this Authors businesse in this worke , to make a division in the Church ( for false proving is making ) even where there is an unity ? for , is not this his employment in this Chapter , ( and more hereafter in taking away the distinction of points fundamentall ) to set Christians by the eares , and one to damne another for differing in every little point of doctrine ? For thus hee saith , even soone after his former places of unity ( and hee would faine have Saint Matthew and Saint Mark to say so with him , ) Whosoever should faile of beleeving any one point of Christian doctrine , should be as sure of condemnation , as if he had beleeved but any one , or none . A Foundation laid of Babel it selfe , even of division and hatred in the Church of God ; A Position to which I cannot bee silent for Sions sake , nor for my brethren and companions sake , whom this Position hath often slaine with death temporall , and adjudged to death eternall . For let it look as smooth as it will , doe you breake up the bowels of it , and you shall finde it full of bloud , division , and damnation . This , even this is it which hath wrought those fearefull Massacres , Treasons , Excommunications , Fires , whereof many horrid spectacles in the second Chapter have been presented . And how should it bee otherwise , but that it should produce such hellish effects , when it teacheth Christians , for every failing in the beleefe of any one point of Christian ( that is in their language , Romish or Popish ) doctrine , to accompt other Christians in the state of damnation , and to hate them more then heathens ; So that if the Pope say , that the Worship of Images , Prayer in an unknown tongue without understanding , Rats eating the body of Christ , and such other errors , bee points of Christian doctrine ; the man that beleeves them not , though hee beleeve in Christ , yea , all other points but one of these , hath forfeited his salvation , and is fallen into the odious state of a combustible heretick , and of a damnable person . But this Author might have beene put in minde of more mercy by one of his allegations ; for though Christ in the place of Matthew by him alledged , willeth that all Nations bee taught to observe whatsoever hee hath commanded ; yet his owne fellow Romists allow , that the breach of some of Christs Commands are not damnable : I might alledge a Command of Christ in the Lords Supper , Drinke yee all of this ; which ( as concerning the lay people ) they have turned into Drinke yee none of this : But I will passe to other Commands , such as those are which command the keeping of the morall Law , ( Matth. 5.17.28.48 . ) and forbid every idle thought : but the breach of these a Commands by inordinate thoughts , or small deviations , the Romists can make not mortall and damnable , but veniall . How comes it then that they will allow us no veniall errors and failings in small points of doctrine , but any one point of Christian ( that is , in his sense , Popish ) doctrine not beleeved , is damnably mortall ? Is there not in this a great piece of Popish leaven , even of the wicked mystery , that sinnes against Gods Commands of morall obedience may bee veniall ; but against the Popes Commands , in the least point of doctrine , are altogether mortall ? And doth not the reason appeare to bee this , That in the breach of a morall Law ( as that of coveting our neighbours goods ) God is offended , but the Pope is not hurt : but by not beleeving any one point which the Pope delivers for Christian doctrine , his In●rrability fals to the ground , and so his Supremacy ? And it were better , according to the policie of this wicked Mystery , that all the world were burned or damned , or set at division , then that the Papacie should fall . But thus doth the Pope set himselfe above God , by valuing offences against himselfe of a more damnable nature then sinnes against God : But well it is withall , that they shew hereby , that God is yet farre more mercifull then the Pope ; for God , they say , makes little sins veniall , whereas the Pope makes little errors against Popish doctrine deadly and damnable . But the truth is , to those that are in Christ Jesus , God doth make veniall both errors in lesser points of faith , which grow by ignorance , blindenesse , or weaknesse of faith , aswell as lesser errors in life , by infirmity and weaknesse . Christs bloud is a propitiation for all our sinnes , aswell sins in the understanding , as in the will. And to those who attaine to that measure of faith which knits them to Christ Jesus , Christ Jesus by his bloud will make other ignorances and unbeliefes in those points of doctrine , to which they cannot attain , veniall and pardonable : and surely , our Author is hardly driven to get a shew of proof from Scripture , of this doctrine of division and damnation : The place of Matthew could not serve ; for there was only a command to the Apostles , to teach all Nations to observe all Christs Commands . But we have seene above out of Romists , that the breach of some of Christs Commands is not damnable , but veniall ; wherefore another place must be forced to confesse it . Accordingly that of Saint Marke is set on the rack ; but this place speakes not of not beleeving all and every point of doctrine delivered and decreed by the Pope and his adherents ; but the maine scope of the place is a casting of damnation upon men for the great point of not beleeving in Christ : for in the Gospel this is an usuall sense of the word beleeving , especially when it stands upon life and death . And , it seemes , this Author can bring no plain place of Scripture to prove , that he who beleeves not every small point of doctrine decided by the Pope , shall bee damned ; for if he could , these places had not been so unmercifully racked toward it . But thus still behold a going on of the Mystery of iniquity . Unity unto salvation is urged , thereby to make division unto damnation ; Words are taken from Christ the Head , therewith to tear his body into pieces : But hereof wee may make this use , That when a Papist preacheth to Protestants of unity , then let them expect & beware of division . SECT . IIII. The place taken out of the 18. of Matth. is cleared , which the Cavalier had perverted to the maintenance of foure Popish grounds : First , The perpetuall visibility of the Church of Rome . Secondly , The absolute authority of this Church , in judging controversies . Thirdly , The Inerrability of this judgement . Fourthly , a Necessity of submission thereunto , whereby their imaginary unity is produced . I Might here bee at rest for this Chapter , but that this Champion , besides two impertinent places ( one of which speaks of unity of Affection , and a second of the unity of Spirit in the bond of Peace , ) brings forth a third , even the often answered place of S. Matth. which hee perverts to divers ill uses , whereof this imaginary Popish unity is one ; For , hee assayes hereby to prove the Church to be the judge of controversies , to prove her visibility , to prove her inerrability and thereupon he thinkes presently should follow an unity . First , to remove the stumbling blocke of visibility , for which the Author went out of his owne way , that hee might lay it in ours : I answer , That this Text may teach what is to bee done where there is a Church , as commonly there is where there is a Brother and a Brother , but it doth not teach that there shall be a Church visible in all places , and at all times . But notwithstanding this text , a Church may be visible sometimes in one Nation , and somtimes in another , according to the fruitfulnesse of the people , and the just pleasure of God , who sometimes removeth the Gospell and the Candlesticke from a Nation that bears no fruit , to another that shall beare it : And so wee see that there are no Churches now to be seene where there have beene famous Churches in times past . Accordingly the Church may be visible in Greece , in AEthiopia , in Armenia , yea in England , though it be not visible in Rome ; and so the visibility thereof may bee true , though there were no Rome , and no Pope . So that neither this , nor any other text , though they say the Church is visible , yet they doe not say that Rome or the Pope shall still be the visible Church : but contrarily the Scripture giveth us good hope that Rome shall be invisible ; yea , it gives us great proofe that shee is now the Scarlet Lady that persecutes the Church , and is now the Mother of abominations . Secondly , no Scripture doth say that in time of persecution or prevailing Heresie , the Church shall there bee visible where this persecution drives it into corners , that it may escape the fury of it by a kinde of invisibility : And when the Arian heresie had covered the face of the Earth , and the Roman Bishops or Pope had subscribed to it , this Scripture doth not say that then the Pope or his Adhaerents were the visible Church ; nor that they shall be so when the Pope turnes Antichrist . For the second point , that the Church is the judge of controversies , I could perchance say , that there appeares very probable reasons why this text doth not speak of the Churches authority in judging of controversies of faith , but of her authority in admonishing her children ; and requiring reconciliation & satisfaction from one brother to another , in evident wrongs , even faults without controversie : For the text saith , If thy Brother sinne , or trespasse against thee , go and tell him his fault ; So that there is a sinne and a fault without controversie , and such a fault , that the offended Brother himselfe may first judge and tell him of it that hath offended : And according to this beginning may bee the proceeding , that is , that the two witnesses , and so the Church may be not to judge of the fault , whether it bee a fault or no ; but to witnesse and condemne the contumacy of the party in denying satisfaction , and reconciliation after an evident fault . And when the offending Brother will not heare the Church thus admonishing , perswading , and injoyning him satisfaction and reconciliation , then hee is to bee cast out of that Church , which hee hath thus contumaciously disobeyed : Agreeable to that of S. Paul , If any man obey not our word , have no company with him . But be it that the Church be the judge of controversies , this also may bee true , in Russian , AEthiopian , and Protestant Churches ; And so the Church may judge controversies though there were no Pope , and where the Pope hath no power : Besides , the Romists themselves differ concerning the meaning of the word Church : So that while wee labour in this text to finde a Judge of controversies for reconciling them ; wee are left unreconciled , by being at controversie about the Judge of controversies mentioned in this text : For , a some say , the multitude is this Church ; and they have for them the most usuall acception of the word Church in that sense through the new Testament : And the current of the place , seems to him that way , according to proportion : For , first the offended Brother , alone was to admonish his Brother ; and next with one or two witnesses ; and lastly , hee was to be admonished by the congregation : So it is a doctrine of degrees , from one to two , and from two , to many ; And if it be thus , then the Popes power of judging controversies hath no footing here . But thirdly , ( and so withall to include and resolve the question of inerrability , ) If the Prelates be meant by the Church , ( which Lorca saith is the most usuall opinion amongst Romists ) yet doth not this place say , that Romish Prelates shall have still an unerring judgement in controversies ; especially any single Prelate , as the Pope . Againe , it can hardly bee thought , that when a Brother hath offended a Brother , this text would have him presently to call a Councell or Synod of Prelates , and so complaine to many Prelates at once , and so to the Church . But if it be his owne Prelate of whom hee must aske , doth this place promise that no Prelate shall erre in judgeing of controversies ? it is well known that in the Jewish Church , ( which was undeniably the true Church before Christ , ) Priests did not judge controversies without errour : Yea , God Himselfe complaineth of the contrary , when he saith , The Priests lippes should preserve knowledge , and they should seeke the Law out of his mouth ; for hee is the messenger of the Lord of Hostes : But Ye are departed out of the way , Yee have caused many to stumble at the law ; Yee have corrupted the Covenant of Levi. Accordingly wee finde in the Prophets a continuall out-cry upon the Priests for mis-leading the people ; yea , the Priests are chiefe in false judgements , and injuries of the true Prophets . Accordingly , Pashar both prophecied lies , and did cast Ieremy into the stockes for prophecying truth : yea , the High Priest himselfe falsly judgeth Christ to have spoken blasphemy ; And S. Peter tells the High Priest and his associates , that they were the builders that despised the Corner stone , and crucified Christ. And thus wee see it plaine in the Scripture , that the Priests and Prelates did erre , even when our Author ascribes that inerrability to them by which hee would prove the inerrability of Rome ; yea , we see farther that this same opinion of inerrability was the cause of their Error , as it is even now in the Romish Papacy . Their presumption of not erring , was so far from being an Argument of inerrability , that it made them to runne into error , and to lead the people after them , ( blinde after blinde ) into the ditch of error . This wee see in their owne words ; for thus they say , Come let us devise devices against Ieremiah , for the law shall not perish from the Priest ; yea , this presumption of not erring was thought a very sure ground of erroneous judgement in this strange controversie , whether Christ be Christ : Do any of the Rulers , or of the Pharises beleeve on him ? as if they should say , The Rulers , and the Pharises , the Priests and the Doctors cannot erre ; and they have judged this controversie , that Christ is not Christ : And therefore without controversie men ought not to beleeve in Christ. But is there then no use of judgement of the Church ? yes surely very great ; The Church , yea , the Priests or Ministers of the Church , according to the covenant of Levi , ought to speake the Law of God to the people , and judge controversies thereby . And then as the Thessalonians hearing Saint Paul , wee must not thinke that wee doe so much heare their word , as the very word of God : And this word being followed , will make a true and inerrable judgement , and truth ever being one , it will ever cause unity . And so are we come to the fourth point , and indeede the point most proper to the present question , though the place bee not proper to prove the Popish unity , which this Author would picke out of it . For whereas to raise this unity out of this text , he would thereby enforce an absolute yeelding to the judgement of the Church , without appealing to Scripture , hee must remember that in this judgement of the Church , the Scripture is implyed and included : And the including of it is the onely right meanes of causing true christian unity ; For the case wherein a man , not hearing the Church , is to be accounted an Heathen , is sinning against a brother : Now sinning against a brother is plainly forbidden by Scripture , being contrary to that Royall law of love , which commands a man to love his Neighbour as himselfe : So that not to heare the Church in a case of sinning against a brother , is not to heare the Church advising or judging according to Scripture : And so upon the matter it is a not hearing of the Scripture speaking by the mouth of the Church ; and then see how unhandsomely ariseth the Inference of this Author ; That he that will not hear the Church judging according to Scripture , may not appeale to the Scripture , that is , he may not appeal from Scripture to Scripture . But much more right and reasonable is this consequence , That if a man shall wilfully not hearken to the Church in a case thus evidently judged by Scripture , let such an one bee accounted as an heathen . And indeed , I can scarce thinke , that if this man who is questioned and accused by his brother were guiltlesse , and so by the Word of God should bee acquitted , that this Author himselfe would have him taken for a heathen , being judged by the Church , against Gods Law and Scripture , to bee an offender . But in this case the a curse lights on the false Judges that call good evill , as it doth on those that falsely damne Protestants . And thus also the Cavaliers imaginary contrariety of two Churches judging one against another , is prevented and removed through this stedfast rule of unity : for two Churches judging one case , according to one right rule , ( and such is the Scripture ) cannot pronounce of one case more then one judgement . And so the man whom hee would affright is put out of feare , for being tossed betweene two damnations by two contrary judgements ; for there is but one right judgement according to the Scripture , and so but one damnation to bee feared , which any man may avoyd by hearing the Church judging uniformely according to the Scripture : for if the Church make a man a heathen against the Word of God , we have seen that b Christ did not take such a one for an heathen ; for Christ tooke the blinde man into his company , whom the Jewish Prelates had unjustly excommunicated , and made like an heathen . And no wonder ; for Nicodemus , Christs Disciple , takes it for a confessed ground ; neither is it denyed by the Pharisees , That the Law is Judge , and from the Law all Judgement should proceed : Doth our Law ( saith hee ) judge any man ? Accordingly , S. Paul tels the High Priest , That hee sits to judge after the Law. Therefore when the Judgement is contrary to the Law , it hath in it a nullity : Now , in all Judgements according to the Law , as there is a power and efficacie , so there is an harmonious unity . But when there are two Popes , a Pope and an Antipope , or two successively , that Judge one against the other , how are the poore Popish souls that depend on a Popes word as a divine Law tossed miserably between two damnations ? But this while the children of the Church are safe from this distraction by the unity of that judgement which proceedeth from the constant unity of verity in the Scriptures . CHAP. VI. The Testimonies of the Fathers , which the Cavalier in his fourth Chapter alledgeth for the necessity of his conceited unity , are turned upon himselfe and the Papists . THis Champion of Rome goes from Scriptures , which indeed went from him , & runs after Fathers , which also run from him : And although he please himself much when he findes the word Unity , especially Books written for Unity ; yet hee must still bee put in minde , that all mention of unity in the Fathers doth not prove this unity which hee undertakes . They write of unity in love , and unity under lawfull Pastors , that flocks bee not divided by partiall and schismaticall setting up Pastors against Pastors in one and the same Flock . But our Authors businesse is , ( as I said before , and himselfe now and then remembers ) that there must bee an universall unity in all points of doctrine decreed by the Pope , bee they great or small ; which hee will never prove by any Fathers to bee absolutely necessary to salvation , or to a reall unity in the Church . Yet thus hee strives to wrest out this unity . — Others have written and framed expresse Catalogues of all the heresies which had risen in the Church of Christ our Lord , from his ascension to heaven , till their owne time ; expressely shewing hereby , that both the unity of the Church was directly broken by the obstinate beliefe of any one doctrine , which was held in disobedience to the same Church ; and withall , that whosoever did so breake it , must forfeit the salvation of his soule thereby : And this was done by Saint Epiphanius Bishop of Cyprus , by Phylastri●s B●shop of Brescia , who are both cited to this purpose by the incomparable Saint Augustine , in his Treatise de haeresibus ad quod vult Deum . Where himselfe also makes an exact Catalogue of all the heresies which had sprung untill his time ; and where , by the way , I must needs observe in a word , that hee recounts divers heresies which are held by the Protestant Church at this day , and particularly that of denying prayers and sacri●ices for the dead ; and then hee concludes in the end , that whosoever should hold any one of them , were no a Christian Catholick . But here I must challenge this Champion , first , that hee deales not fairely with us in putting in these words , In disobedience to the Church : For let the world know that this is not our holding ; That a different opinion being held in a purpos●d disobedience to the Church is safe , or comp●tible with unity of charity : but that some different opinions in points of doctrine , by darknesse of understanding or weaknesse of faith , not apprehended or bele●ved , yet not without a purposed disobedience to the Church , may be compatible with unity and salvation . Secondly , if it were true which hee saith , that unity were broken by the obstinate beliefe of any one doctrine joyned with disobedience to the Church , how doth not this make against Rome , which maintaineth her universall Supremacy , and other errors directly against the Canons of the Church ? Thirdly , wee deny Rome to bee that Church which the Fathers speake of . Fourthly , this Authors allegations make directly against his owne end , and overthrow the authority of Rome , which hee goes about to establish : For , let him speake upon his conscience and reputation ; Were all those heresies , mentioned by Epiphanius and Augustine , adjudged and condemned for heresies by the Church of Rome ? If not , then it seemes , there may bee hereticks without any judgement of the Church of Rome ; and there may be hereticks that hold some errors not adjudged heresies by the Church of Rome : But if so , then what is become of this Authors heresie described to be the obstinate beliefe of any one doctrine in disobedience to the Church , the Church , in the Authors sense , being no other then the Church of Rome ? How was this Church disobeyed in those things which shee had not decreed ? and even his particulars of a prayers and sacrifices for the dead ? Had the Church of Rome adjudged these at this time to bee points of faith ? Hee cannot say it . How plaine deceit then is this , to seeme to prove these to bee heresies , because held in a disobedience to the Church , when the Church in his Romish sense had not decreed the doctrines to bee beleeved which are contrary to these supposed heresies ? Let us now come to his particular citations , and see yet more particularly , how they make not against us , but mostly against himselfe : Hee begins with Saint Irenaeus , lib. 1. cap. 3. The Church having received this word preached , and this faith as was shewed before , and having spread the same over the whole world , doth diligently preserve it , as inhabiting one house ; and doth likewise beleeve those things which are taught thereby , as having one soule and one heart ; and in the same conformity shee preaches , and teaches , and delivers it , as possessing but one mo●th . For though there bee in the world different expressions and tongues , yet the vertue and power of Tradition is but one and the same : And neither those Churches which are found in Germany , nor those others in Spaine , nor those in France , nor they which are in the Easterne parts , nor they which are in Egypt , nor they which are in Lybia , nor they which are in the middle parts of the world , doe beleeve or make tradition of doctrine any otherwise in one place then they doe in another : but as that creature of God , the Sunne , is one and the same in the whole world , so is the preaching if the Truth . And those Prelates of Churches who have most power and grace of speech , will deliver no other things but these ; for no man is above his Master , neither will such an one as hath meaner Talents in speech make this doctrine and Tradition lesse ; but ( since Faith is but one and the same ) neither doth hee inlarge it , who is able to speak much of it ; nor that other diminish it , who speakes lesse . I answer ▪ that this place is produced improperly , in regard of the Point ; deceitfully , in regard of the Reader : For Irenaeus , in the second Chapter next preceding , had set downe a forme of Faith , and a summe of chiefe Articles agreeable to our Creed . And then in the third , whence this allegation is taken , hee saith , that the Church , having received this faith , doth uniformly preach it , and with one Mouth through all nations ; neither doth the more learned increase it , nor the lesse learned diminish it : Now this being spoken of the principall points of faith , ●oth rather prove our unity in fundamentalls , but not prove our Champions entire unity in inferiour points ; therefore it comes not home to the Authors marke , but indeed he goes about to deceive the Reader , when he brings it in as a proofe of that which it proves not . Secondly , this place makes mightily against the Papacy , and that Confederacy ; for in the faith which Irenaeus sets downe in the foregoing chapter , there is not one Article concerning the Popes Supremacy , nor worshiping Images , nor of praying in an unknowne tongue , &c. These therefore being now decreed by the Pope , are inlargements of faith ; wherefore the Popes that thus inlarge the faith , are by Irenaeus censured , not to bee these Prelates of Churches , who have most power and grace of speech ; yea , not so good as the others of lesse grace : but withall hee censureth them , that they are above their master ; and their master being Christ , it fits right with the saying of Paul ; That hee sits as God , and exalts himselfe above all that is called God. Hee comes next to Tertullian . Tertullian shewes plainly , that whosoever denyes any one doctrine of the Church , rejects all ; for thus hee saith upon occasion , Valentinus approveth some things of the Law and the Prophets , some things hee disallowes ; that is , hee disallowes all whiles he approves some . The Author here also imposeth upon his Reader , if wee may beleeve Tertullians ( learned but Romish ) Adnotator , Pamelius : For ( not to insist on this that the words are Omnia improbat , dum quaedam reprobat , he disallowes all , whiles hee refuseth some , ) from Pamelius we learne , that these words are not spoken of all points of faith proposed by the Church ; much lesse if the Church bee taken for the Papacy ; but of the bookes of the Law and the Prophets , which Protestants do by no meanes reject . For this is Pamelius his sentence , immediatly after these words : Quod usque ad●o verum agnoverunt alii scriptores , ut disertis verbis scribant , ( & inter caeteros Damascenus ) quod vetus Testamentum reprobaverit . This by other writers is said to be so true , that they expresly write , ( and Damascen among others ) that hee refused the old Testament . And indeede hee that did deny the old Testament , did deny more then one doctrine of the Church , ( which is the Cavaliers point to be proved by this place , ) for he denyeth many doctrines , and fundamentall ones , of the Law and the Prophets , yea of God himselfe . The next place doth much accuse the Cavaliers need of Allegations , and yet withall excuseth him not from an indeavour to deceive his Reader : The place alledged by him is this : Quod apud multos &c. That which is found to be one amongst so many , is not to be thought to have crept in by errour , but to have beene commended by Tradition . The place cited is this , Quod apud multos unum invenitur , non est erratum sed traditum : That which is one among so many , is not an errour , but a thing delivered . The question in hand was concerning the rule of Faith or the Creed ; as the Reader may see by comparing the thirteenth chapter , where the Creed is rehearsed , and the end of the one and twentieth , where he saith , That it remained for him to shew , whether the doctrine in the former rule came from the delivery ( or , if you will , Tradition , so it bee not a Tradition beyond that which is written , for there is no such in this rule of faith ) of the Apostles : And having refuted these objections , That the Apostles delivered not all ; and that they knew not all , he comes after to this objection , That the ●hurches did not purely reteine what the Apostles delivered , and thus hee refells this objection . Age nunc , omnes erraverint , deceptus sit & Apostolus de Testimonio reddendo : Nullam respexerit Spiritus sanctus , uti eam in veritatem deduceret ; ad hoc missus à Christo , ad hoc postulatus de Patre , ut esset doctor veritatis : neglexerit officium Dei Villicus , Christi vicarius , sinens Ecclesias aliter interim intelligere , aliter credere , quod ipse p●r Apostolos praedicabat . Ecquid verisimile est , ut tot ac tan●a in unam Fidem erraverint ? Nullus inter multos eventus , est u●us exitus : Var●asse debuerat error doctrinae Ecclesiarum , ●aeterùm quod apud multos unum invenitur , non est erratum , sed traditum : Whereof the summe is this , that though the Holy Ghost the a Vicar of Christ , had not looked to his office of leading the Church into truth , yet there is no likelihood that so many Churches had erred into one Faith : But the Faith , wherein there is such unity among many , should not be an errour , but a Truth delivered by the Apostles . Now , this place is so far from saying that all Churches agreed in sin , all points beyond and besides the Creed , that it speaks onely of their agreement in the rules of Faith , and doctrine of the Creed : And he saith , that such an agreement comes not by errour which commonly is divers ; but by one uniforme delivery and doctrine of the Apostles : So the Cavalier is still to seeke for a necessary unity in every smal doctrine , and in points without the Creed . Cyrill is mainly for the Protestants , even as himselfe alledgeth him ; For we agreeably affirme That to be the Catholick Church which teacheth , without defect , all things necessary to salvation ; And , in the doctrine of faith , such things necessary to salvation , are points fundamentall . Cyprian comes , or is rather drawne in next , against his will and meaning ; and thus the Author produceth him : The Church being stricken through by the light of our Lord , doth send her beames throughout the whole world ; But yet that light which is cast so far abroad , is but one and the same : Shee spreads her branches over the whole earth , after a plentifull manner ; Shee extends her flowing streames with great aboundance , and to a great distance : But yet is Shee one Head , and one Root , and one Mother , who is fruitfull by such store of issue . Now I thinke it were needlesse to help a Reader to take this place from the Author : For it is plaine , to every eye , that this place speakes not of the unity of the Church in all points of doctrine ; but of their unity in one Love , and one mysticall Body : So that this place is not onely unserviceable to the Author , but serves much against him , and his lady Mother who cuts off noble and excellent members of the Church from her ; or rather her * selfe from the Church , if they doe not submit to her universall Tyranny . Cyprian it seemes hath not said enough , and therefore he must say more , but indeed lesse : Let us see how the Cavalier rather teacheth him , then suffereth him to speake : The same S. also , speaking of the sin of Core , Dathan , and Abiram , implies that the one Church must not onely be entirely beleeved , but followed also in all her doctrines and directions : For hee saith , that though Core , Dathan , and Abiram did beleeve and worship one God , and lived in the same Law and Religion with Moses and Aaron , yet because they divided themselves from the rest by Schisme , resisting their Governours and Priests , they were swallowed up quick into Hell. Here , first , wee may observe , how hee tells his Reader what hee would have Cyprian say ; for hee saith , not that Cyprian doth speake it plainely , but the S. implyes : and what doth he imply ? That the Church must not onely bee intirely beleeved , but followed also in all her doctrines and directions . But did Core , Dathan and Abiram differ from Moses and Aaron in doctrine ? His owne place denyes it , which saith ; They did beleeve and worship one God , and lived in Moses his Law and Religion with Moses and Aaron : And the place further assignes the true fault ; Division by Schisme : They denyed the authority of those whom God had placed to be Governours over them . Just the same sinne into which Pope Pius the fifth drew the English Papists by his Bull : so that this place makes exceedingly against Romish doctrine of rebellion against Princes ; such as those of the North , and in Ireland . But let me give the Author one question at parting ? Was Aaron to bee followed in all his doctrines and directions ? what doth the Author think of this doctrine concerning the Calfe ? These be thy Gods O Israel , which brought thee up out of the Land of Egypt . Saint Basill is next produced , thus speaking in Theod. They who are well instructed in holy writ , permit not one syllable of divine doctrine to be betrayed or yeelded up ; but are willing to embrace any kinde of death for the defence thereof , if need require : Hereupon the Author thus commenteth , That man of God had beene sollicited by some to relent for a time , & to yeeld , though it were but to a little ; he refused in such sort as you have seene , and he did it with much disdaine to be attempted in that kinde . Now let the Reader see here the fairenesse of our Author ; Hee speakes of Basils not yeelding to a little ; and what was this little ? Denying the sonne of God to be God of one substance with the Father : Is this a little ? Surely he should be a great Hereticke that should deny this little ; So that this being not a little but a great point , S. Basill doth not speak against us but for us , who sayes , that in these great points there should be no difference : Now it might be called little by some , not for the little weight of the point , but for the litte odds in the sound of the word ; so that in the little difference of a syllable , the great point lay affirmed or denyed . And indeed it were better that death were imbraced , then any such point of divine doctrine should bee betrayed . Besides , ●s there a desire on our side of betraying or delivering up any lesser points of divine doctrine ; but rather a charitable hope that men may be saved , though differing in opinion concerning some lesser matters , by not knowing that they be divine doctrines , or not reaching to them by a weake and inferiour degree of a faith ? But who so will truely judge our maine quarrell with Romists , hee shall finde it to be a defence of divine doctrine against humane fictions and traditions . And Romists most grossely offend against the words and example of S. Basil , who permit many syllables of the divine doctrine in the second Commandement , forbidding worship of im●ges , to be left out of their Catechismes ; and the divine doctrine of halfe a Sacrament to be denyed and made voyd to the people ; and the divine doctrine of praying in a known tongue in the Church to be actually betrayed . — Saint Gregory Nazianzen is next , who ( as our Author saith ) thus delivers himselfe ; Nothing can be more dangerous then those hereticks , who ▪ when they run straight through all the rest , doe yet with one word , as with some drop of poyson , infect the true and sincere faith of our Lord. If this Champion had gotten this place by his owne knowledge , he could not well but take notice , that the sincere faith whereof Gregory speaks , is the faith contained in the Nicene Creed , which Creed is set at the head of the Tractate : and accordingly , the one word of which hee speaks , as being dangerous to the faith , is the word that giveth not to Christ one Substance with the Father . This word Nazianzen often names in this discourse ; so that the Cavalier could not well oversee it if hee had seene the place ; yea , hee saith plainly , * that it lets in the Arian heresie . And if it be thus , this Champion is yet far from his Conclusion by this Antecedent , which must thus lead the way ; It is most dangerous to differ in one word of the Creed which concernes a point fundamentall , even the Deity of Christ ; therefore it is most dangerous to differ in points out of the Creed , which are extra-fundamentall , and of the Popes decreeing . But let Romists look whether this place doe not fight against them , who thrusting the word Roman after , or into the word Catholick , have drawne the soules of too many to beleeve in the Pope ( or Popish Church ) in stead of God , and so have changed the very foundation of their faith . Saint Hierome must have the same answer ; no man denying but that for some one word or two contrary to the faith or Creede in points fundamentall , many heresies have been , and ought to bee cast out of the Church . It followes , Saint Leo saith , That out of the Catholick Church , there is nothing pure , According to that of the Apostle , Whatsoever is not of faith is sinne . But what doth this here , where the question is not , Whether they sin that be out of the catholick Church ; but , Whether they be out of the catholick Church that differ in any smal point of doctrine from some other members of the same Church ? But because this place wants help , hee adds a second ; If it be not one , it is no faith at all . We acknowledge there is but one saving and fundamentall Faith in Christ Iesus , as but one Baptisme ; and this faith was once delivered to the Saints , and the Saints still doe so uniformely receive it , as that they who have any other fundamentall faith , have none at all . But if Romists will have faith to bee one in all points , then by this Popes doctrine they have no faith ; for their faith is not one in all points with the one faith once delivered to the Saints , nor with the faith in the time of Leo ; for in that one faith there was no worship of Images , no universall Monarchy of the Pope , no worship of Bread. The Cavaliers first place of Augustine I am loth to bring forth , to spare both the Cavalier and the Reader : It is somewhat long , but very short of the Cavaliers mark ; it proves against the Donatists , That the Church in earth , and the Church in heaven are not two Churches , but one . But who denyes this ? yea , who denyes the true Church on earth to bee but one ? and this is the Protestants maine businesse to keep it one , though differing in some lesser points of doctrine : And it is our Authors businesse to breake this unity , even by this place which he produceth under a shew of proving unity : but not proving by it such an unity as by it hee may make a division , hee is faine to set a second Buttresse to support his wall of separation : Thus hee reareth it : To shew moreover , by the judgement of Saint Augustine , that the Church in her doctrine was to be truly one hee spake thus of the Donatists , who called upon the same God , preached the same ●ospel , sung the same Psalmes , had the same Baptisme , observed the same Easter , and the like ; in those things they were with mee , yet not wholly with mee : in schisme not with mee , in heresie not with me , in a few not with mee ; but in regard they were not with mee in a few , their being with mee in many could not help them . If the Cavalier had gone on in his Allegation , the very next words would have given him an answer to the objection which hee drew out of the former ; for those words say , that the a one thing wherein they were not one was Charity . And the want of this hee proves out of Saint Paul ( 1 Cor. 13. ) to make all the rest unprofitable . But our question is not of want of charity , but of differing in some small point of faith . True it is that this uncharitablenesse was back'd with an error which hee called an heresie ; That the Catholick b Church was onely in the part of Donatus ; and so ( as Saint Augustine infers ) that the Church was not catholick : But let our Author remember , That this voucheth an Article of the Creede as denyed by the Donatists ; but with the denyall of any such Article he cannot charge us . But yet , that their error did not kill nor cut them off c all from being truly of the Church , except the error were accompanied with the want of that one thing , which was true charity , we have great probabilities , if not proofes out of Optatus and Saint Augustine ; the former of which commonly calls them brethren , and the later denies not but some of them might be saved . But how dangerous or deadly soever their faults were , they fall directly on the Popish faction , both in point of heresie & schisme ; for they hold the like heresie to the Donatists , That the Church is onely in the Popes party ; and accordingly , by uncharitable schisme they cut off all those from their communion , that are not of this party . And now hee comes back againe to Irenaeus , as if hee had found some new matter in him ; Nay , Irenaeus ( whom I named before ) implies , not onely that it is necessary for a true Christian Catholick to differ in no one point of the doctrine or faith from other Christians ; but hee must withall not beleeve any thing after a different manner ; that is to say , upon a different motive from that for which it is beleeved by other Christians . But what doth Irenaeus say , being thus called back again ? He saith nothing : for our Author only saith , that hee implies ; just as St. Cyprian before was made to comply : But what doth he imply ? That it is necessary for a true Christian Catholick to differ in no one point of the doctrine or faith from other Christians . But is there any such sentence or implying in this Chapter ? Surely I doubt this Cavalier delt too much upon trust , and hee whom hee trusted , too much upon deceit . I have read over the Chapter , and can finde no such implying : But I finde that which wee often object against Romists Traditions , * Why should wee leave the doctrine of the Prophets , the Lord and his Apostles , and hearken to those men when they tell us their errors . The other inference from Irenaeus , That a Christian must not beleeve by a different motive from that by which it is beleeved of other Christians , is a point that is mortall to Popery : For they , making the Popes word or authority the motive of their faith , herein doe differ from the motive of faith received by the Christians in Grecia , Armenia , and AEthiopia ; and so transgresse most dangerously , and , I doubt , fundamentally against this rule produced and approved by the Author , as from Irenaeus , though there I cannot finde it . And now after a just examination of these Allegations , I cannot but inferre , that , There appeares a manifest losse of the cause , when the places produced for proofe of it prove it not . So that the Authors conclusion being no way made good by his allegations , it is left still solitary , forsaken , and unproved : And whereas hee saith , For the present it may suffice to have proved the necessity of perfect unity in the Church ; wee must needs reply , That hee hath most imperfectly proved the necessity of so perfect an unity . And for the other piece of his conclusion ; That indeed no reason can bee given why , if there bee allowed any more true Churches then one , there should not be admitted aswell two thousand as two : I acknowledge with him , that not onely no reason can bee given of this , but also of the Cavaliers speaking of no reason in this point : For it is not denyed by us that there is but one true Church ; and if you make two , you may make two thousand . But wee deny that every little difference makes two Churches of one ; and this neither the Author hath proved , neither doe his citations suffice to prove ; but let him here looke to himselfe , and his fellow Romists , whether they bee not in danger of making two thousand Churches , who have made a second Church , called the Church vertuall , the Pope , yea a third Church , the Pope and his mysticall body ( for he is a mystery also , but of iniquity ) which two Churches many eminent members of the Catholicke Church deny to bee that one true Church whereof they are members . In the meane time Romish uncharitablenesse in damning Protestants remaines still as a proved truth , seeing this Authors proofes for an imaginary perfect unity , by which he undertooke to prove it an untruth , doe not prove this unity ; and no such unity proved , no untruth proved : so they are still uncharitable , and Protestants doe yet speake truth when they affirme their uncharitablenesse . CHAP. VII . A consideration of the Cavaliers fifth Chapter ; wherein ( to the great danger of the Papacy ) that is proved by Scriptures and Fathers which wee doe not deny ; That out of one true Church of Christ no salvation is to be found . SECT . I. This ground yeelded , doth not produce any discharge , whereby the Romists may be freed from uncharitablenesse in damning Protestants . THe Cavalier fights on our side , and against his fellowes ; wee are yet left in the Church notwithstanding any thing he hath said or alledged ; and he hath yet left salvation to us , and uncharitablenesse to his owne Papacy : And now we being left in the Church , he goes about to prove , that out of this Church there is no salvation ; So , upon the matter , hee proves that out of the Protestants Church there is no salvation . But then what will become of the Papacy , which will not be of one Church with saved Protestants ? And indeed except it were to speake for us , and against the Papacy , what need is there of these proofes for a point not denied by us ? For , wee give him this at first onely for the asking , That out of the onely true Church ( the body of Christ ) there is no salvation . Yet will hee needs goe on to fight for a point which we confesse ; yea , withall to fight for us against himselfe : And indeede even where he would seem to fight against us , hee doth it so loosely and far-off , that it is hard to discerne how his blowes doe concerne us . Let us see his first onset , Since the Church of Christ our Lord is so truely one , and but onely one , it followes easily enough that no salvation can be had out of this Church , and that every Heresie or Schisme is sufficient to deprive any soule thereof ; but yet neverthelesse to the end that men may bee wholly left without excuse , or rather that they may bee the better warned to take heed in time of those miseries , which otherwise they are to feele for all eternity : I will strengthen also this truth by the Authoritie of some few Scriptures and Fathers of the Primitive Church ; for so by degrees it will easily and of it selfe appeare , that wee Catholicks are not faulty in that wherewith wee are so much charged . I confesse it is hard to finde out this Authors order and way ; his end or drift we know , but the way by which he would come to it is hard to bee seene : I am sure hitherto hee hath not made good his first steps in it , and yet hee would seeme to proceed , as if hee came neerer to his end by degrees , when yet hee is still on his threshold : for first , though the Church of Christ be but one , and it doe follow that no salvation can be had out of that one Church , this ( as hath beene noted ) is no degree to the cleering of Papists uncharitablenesse in damning Protestants . Againe , it doth not follow , that every Heresie in the Popish sense , is sufficient to deprive any soule thereof ; and so Protestants may still suffer a false charge of Heresie to bee laid on them by Romists , and yet bee sure enough of salvation . And thus not any degree is yet made good toward the freeing of this charge of uncharitablenesse , justly laid on the Romists ; So that the matter stands still , though the Author moving his pen thinkes that the matter moves with it . And for the Allegations that follow , which seeme to labour for these two points , That out of the Church is no salvation , And that Heresie and Schisme doe put men out of the Church ; these being proved no way hurt us or help the Romists , but helpe us and hurt the Romists ; among whom wee have found most fearfull and bloudy Schisme , and wee may discover damnable Heresies : but they can never prove that Protestant doctrine maintaines either Heresie or Schisme ; but by that which they call Heresie , as relying wholy on Christs merits and not our owne for redemption , and worshiping God in spirit and truth , and not worshiping Images , &c. wee serve the God of our Fathers . SECT . II. The Allegations of Scriptures and Fathers , made by the Cavalier , are more forcible to exclude the Papists out of the Church then the Protestants against whom they are produced . THat being yeelded which this Author indeavours to prove , I know not what to doe with his Allegations , but onely to turne them against Romists . Therefore we very well allow the place alledged out of Esay , and say it makes against the Pope , who doth not submit himselfe to the Church in a generall Councell ; and so doth the place of Matthew ( formerly alledged and answered ) upon the same Reason : And we very well allow those places of Paul to Titus and Timothy , as making much against the Pope and his adhaerents , and say that they give us just ground of avoiding him , being Hereticall and Schismaticall after many admonitions . But this Author did wisely in not naming Timothy in his margent but Titus , though hee alledge these words out of 1. Tim. 4.1 , 2. That they attend to doctrines of Divels , and spirits of Errour : That they are Lyers and ▪ Hypocrites , lest the Reader looking to the place might finde this which followeth , Forbibbing to marry , and commanding to abstaine from meats ; which wee know that Protestancie doth not : but if Papistry doe , then who are now his Hereticks , Hypocrites and Lyers , excluded from the Church , and so from salvation ? Hee did also very discreetly in his namelesse alledging some pieces out of 2. Tim. 3. where is mention of Iamnes and Iambres — and to make use of the verse fore-going , having the form of godlinesse , and the verses following , That they are ever learning , but without attaining to the knowledge of the truth ; but left out the middle verse , which is this , Of this sort are they which creep into houses , and lead captive silly Women laden with sins , and led with divers lusts : which words being notable markes of seducers , for what reason the Author left them out he best knowes ; but if wee may beleeve their owne * Priest , it doth rightly hit with some Romish proselite-makers ; so that the simple Reader , if hee had seene this place wholy alledged , might perchance have thought hee had seen , in these , the very Iamnes and Iambres of these times . His last Scripture is out of S. Paul to the Galathians , where striving to prove that the word Sects in Latin , is Heresies in the Greeke , he ( somewhat Heretically I doubt even when he speaks against Heresie ) leaves the decreed Latin to follow the Greeke : But this being taken for a fault in the Latin , let the word be as it is in the Greeke , and then to the shame of the Papacy wee read indeed , that Heresies are works of the flesh , which certainly those are most likely to fall into that strive to set up a fleshly monarchy , and to abound in the glory b and wealth of the world : For such men will sell heaven , and truth , and the Gospell for a messe of Pottage , even for base and transitory vanity ; It is the sentence of Gods spirit , that where is the love of the World , there is not the love of God ; and where is not the love of God , there cannot bee the love of the truth ; and where is not the love of truth , there is a giving up to strong delusions to beleeve lyes , that they all may bee damned who beleeved not the truth . Now among innumerable examples of the Papacies love of the world , and preferring temporall greatnesse and wealth above the truth , let the lamentable conference betweene c Adrian the sixth and the Cardinall be a lively proofe and spectacle ; where the poore Pope ( and herein not a Pope , and therefore hee did well soone to bee gone ) speaking of the necessity of reformation ; There was no consideration of the truth of this necessity , but a plaine confutation of whatsoever truth there was in it , by the Popes Audit and Exchequer , even by worldly profit . But the Scriptures thus being lost , except onely in making against their owne Papacy , hee comes to Fathers ; not so much to hurt with them , as to bee hurt by them . Tertullian ( saith hee ) affirmeth , That Hereticks cannot bee accounted Christians : But of what heresies doth hee speake there ? Of any Protestant opinions ? He doth not say that any Protestants are hereticks : He repeats there a rule of a faith , as it were the body of a Creed , consisting of divers Articles ; Doe the Protestants deny any of these Articles ? True it is , that of this rule of faith hee saith , Nullus habet apud nos quaestiones , &c. There are no questions among us of this rule , but those which Heresies make , and doe make Hereticks . But wee doe not make question of this rule , and so are not made hereticks by it : But they doe rather question this rule , that bring in another faith ; the Popes Oracles , and new Articles . For , whereas Tertullian here saith , Fides in regula posita est : The faith is set downe in that rule , which before hee rehearsed ; the Romists faith is not in that rule : For , there was not one word of the Pope , nor of Christs being under the forme of bread by Transubstantiation ; but , In Coelos ereptum , sedere ad dextram Patris ; misisse vicariam vim Spiritus Sancti qui credentes agat : Being taken away into heaven , hee doth sit at the right hand of his Father ; and hee hath sent his Vicar ( not the Pope , but ) the power of the Holy Ghost , which should leade those that beleeve . And in the 33. Chapter , making an Inventory of certaine Heresies , amongst others , hee names this , which , I doubt , is some kinne to the Papacie ; Timotheum instruens , Nuptiarum quoque interdictores suggillat : He saith , That S. Paul instructing Timothy , doth condemne the forbidders of marriage . Saint Cyprian is next brought in to say that thousand times produced sentence , that , Out of the Church there is no salvation : Hereunto is added , that There is no reward of any suffering whatsoever ; neither is hee a Christian that abides not in Christs doctrine and faith . But in all this hee doth not say that the Protestants are not in the Church , neither that they remaine not in Christs Doctrine and Faith ; but it may rather concerne the Papacie , which hath made a new Church against the Church of Christ ; and a new Faith , by adding twelve Articles more to the former . It doth also plainely shew them that they , suffering for Treasons of Powder , Rebellion , &c. cannot expect thereby a Crown of faith , but a punishment of perfidiousnesse . Saint Augustine is next alledged , and hee useth the like or very same words , and so the like or the same answer might serve . But indeed Augustine so punctually speaketh against the Papacie , and pierceth it through , that no one place can well bee lost , because every one is serviceable against the Papacy for which it is produced ; These are the words first alledged out of Saint Augustine , Would you have men so blinde and deafe as not to heare or reade the Gospel , where they may know that faith our Lord left to his Apostles concerning his Church ? Now , what the Papists will answer to this I know not , who make many men so blinde , as not to reade at all , and so deafe , as not to heare the Gospel but in Latin : And secondly , hee sayes that Saint Augustine puts himselfe to shew , That this is that Church of Christ which is spread over the whole world . Who can more plainly say , that the Roman Papacie is not this Church , whose universall power and extent is denyed by other Patriarchs , and is unbeleeved , yea , and unknowne in a great part of the Christian world ? The last place out of Augustine , seconded with the consent of Cardinall Perron , hee turnes to this use , That Catholick is not onely a name of beleefe and faith , but of charitie and communion ; which whosoever should want , should also want salvation . But withall I must say , that long before I knew this opinion of Perron , I beleeved this truth ; and I also beleeved that it did make mightily for us , and mightily against the Papacie . That it makes mightily for us , I have shewed in the first Chapter , who doe imbrace a catholick love with the whole body of Christ , which is his Church . That it makes mightily against the Papacie , I have shewed in the second Chapter , because it excludes from love and communion many eminent parts of the Church ; even so much of the Church and body of Christ as extends beyond subjection and obedience to the Papacie : And indeed , this Champions allegations doe so fight for us against his owne Papacie , that a suspicious Reader may doubt hee hath been hired by us . But by the next allegation , perchance , hee thinkes his suspicion may be somewhat cleered , where thus hee commenteth in the behalfe of his mother : Saint Hierome writing to Pope Damasus , saith ( not onely of the cathol●ck Church indefinitely , but denoting that to bee the Roman ) that that Church is the Arke , out of which whosoever liveth , shall bee drowned in the deluge ; and , that that Church is the House , out of which whosoever should eate the Lambe , were a profane person . But doth Hierome here denote the catholick Church both for breadth and length to be Roman ; and no Church to be catholick which was not Roman , that is , under the Roman subjection ? this was farre from his meaning : Hee meant that at that time the Roman Church was , by one faith , the same with the catholick Church , an● in union with it as a member of the body ; and that out of this one Church , wherewith Rome was then one in faith , there was no salvation . Secondly , Hee did not say that that Church shall bee the Arke out of which shall bee no salvation : but that Church is the Ark● ; shewing what it then was , and not what it shall be . Indeed , the Papacie , ( even the Man of sinne , the Head and his members in the Mystery of iniquity ) now call themselves the Church of Rome : But Rome at the best had never Religion and the Church faster tyed to it , then Jerusalem ; and therefore we may take leave to say of Rome as it was said of Jerusalem , How is the faithfull Citie become an Harlot ? It hath been manifestly proved , that this Mysterie of iniquitie or Papacie is farre different from the ancient Church of Rome ; and Saint Hierome himselfe hath taught us , that Rome should bee the seate of Antichrist : and hee did not meane , that when Rome is the seate of Antichrist , shee should bee taken for the Arke out of which no man should bee saved : Therefore this place that made for Rome then , while shee was a pure part of the catholick Church , makes against her now , when she is the seate of the Man of sin , or Antichrist ; and they that might be invited to come to her then , as an eminent part of the Arke and catholick Church , may now bee driven out from her by a voice from heaven , Come out of her my people , that ye be not partakers of her sins , and that ye receive not of her plagues . There follow two places out of Lactantius , whereof the first indeed saith for us , and against these Romists that are divided from us and our Church : That they that enter not into the Temple of God , or depart out of it , shall bee deprived of the hope of salvation . But the second place , I know not how it may serve for the point in hand , but it otherwise is an wholesome exhortation for Romists ; and I wish it may doe good to the Author : No man must flatter himselfe with an obstinate kinde of contention for the questions here , about salvation and life ; which , if it bee not watchfully and diligently provided for , it will be extinct and lost . The Cavalier ends in a tempest , which he puls downe on his own head ; S. Fulgentius hath this dreadfull saying , wherewith I will conclude this point , &c. where he brings in Fulgentius saying , That neither Baptisme , nor Almes , nor Martyrdome can be of any benefit towards his salvation that holds not unity with the Church . A place indeed that ought to be dreadfull to the Romists , for their Schism described in the second Chapter ; but no way dreadfull to us , for our catholick Charity expressed in the first . SECT . III. The Cavaliers indeavour to prove that the Protestants and Papists cannot bee both members of this one Church , doth not absolve the Papists from uncharitablenesse . ANd having thus concluded the Allegations , hee thus gives a reason of his conclusion ; Nor will I so much distrust either the attention or the discretion of my Reader , as to thinke that I need presse this point any further . A saying good at last , but much better at first ; for if there had bin at first no distrust of the Readers discretion , there had beene no neede of any one of those Allegations , which have beene brought forth to prove a point not denyed : There is but one Church , out of which there is no salvation . But let us see what immediatly followes : So that now in the next place it will onely remaine to be considered and resolved , whether or no both the Catholickes and the Protestants can bee truly said to bee parts and members of this one and selfe same Church . For if they cannot , the case in question is already judged , and there will be no colour of Reason , why either of us should hereafter be charged with want of charity , for affirming that the other is not saveable without repentance of his Religion . Behold a knot of strange things knit together by an invisible cohaerence , or a visible incohaerence . For first , whereas he saith , that in the next place It will onely remaine to be considered , whether the Protestants and Romists may bee truly said to be parts and members of this one Church : For my part I am utterly of opinion that this doth neither in the next place , nor at all remaine to bee considered toward the Authors end , which is the saving of Rome from uncharitablenesse in damning Protestants . For Protestants may bee members of the true Church wherein is salvation , and Romists may be out of it ; and yet Romists may bee uncharitable for damning Protestants , who are in the Church wherein is salvation . But since hee is out of the way , I will thus shew it to him : His way of cleering Rome from this charge of uncharitablenesse , hath been hitherto by proving it an untruth ; and his way of proving it an untruth , by proving that Protestants are truely in the way of damnation : And to prove this againe , hee hath shewed , that there is but one Church in which is salvation , and from which men are excluded by Heresie and Schisme . Now as I thinke , in the next place , to goe on in his way hee should prove that Protestants are guilty of such Heresie and Schisme as separate them from this one Church , and so from salvation : For then had hee slaine them out-right with a true damnation , and had saved his mother Rome from S. Iohns truly mortall uncharitablenesse . But it seemes wee are cleere in these points , and therefore the Author would not goe against his conscience in a false accusation ; wherefore let his silence bee taken for a consent and confession : But then it seemes the question is at an end , we are absolved , and Rome is condemned . And indeed so it should bee ; but hee is resolved still to say on , though not to the purpose ; For to what purpose is this , that the Protestants and Romists are not one Church , toward proving Protestants to bee in the state of Damnation , whereby onely Rome can save her selfe from uncharitablenesse in damning us ? Surely , this is so far from proving Protestants to bee in the state of damnation , that it is more likely to prove them to bee in the state of salvation , and Romists in damnation . For Protestants being parts of the true Church , by true faith and love are sure to be saved ; and Romists not being of this Church wherein Protestants are saved , are by his owne Allegations in danger to be damned : So Romists are both brought into the danger of damnation , and the charge of uncharitablenesse layd on the Romists may still stand true , because they falsely damne Protestants for being in the state of salvation . A second strange position is this , That if the Protestants and Romists , bee not of one Church , then there will be no colour of reason , why either party should be charged with want of charity for affirming that the other is not saveable without repentance of his Religion : For there is neither reason , verity , nor charity in affirming that Protestants who may be saved by their Religion , are not saveable without repentance of the same Religion . But this vanity if not impiety , hath beene blowne away in the answer to his third Chapter . But if this unreasonable position bee taken out of the way , which is made the ground and reason of the future discourse ( concerning Protestants and Romists being of two Religions ) then the discourse built on it falls to the ground ▪ for indeede to what purpose is it to prove that Protestants and Romists are of two Religions , except the Author may hereby save Romists from uncharitablenesse , in falsly condemning the Protestants for being in a good religion , different from their owne bad Popery ? For that is his errand , and this errand hath hee lost in losing this last monstrous position , which hee made for a bridge to his errands end . So , for ought I see , this Cavalier is at the end of his journey in the midst of his way ; and the rest of his walke is a wandring , and this voyage a sayling up and downe from his harbour . CHAP. VIII . Wherein the sixth Chapter of the Cavaliers is brought to examination , which hath this title , that Protestants and Catholickes ( meaning Papists ) cannot bee of one Religion , Faith , and Church : in two Sections . SECT . I. First , divers untruths of the Cavaliers are discovered touching the difference of Doctrine , Sacraments and Discipline , which are betweene Protestants and Papists . Secondly , an objection taken away , that Protestants have made a reformation without ordinary Mission and Miracles . Thirdly , the censures of Lutherans against other reformed Churches , not sufficient to prove either of them out of the Church . ROme is left bleeding in her uncharitablenesse , the bridge being broken down by which the Authors suppy should have come to her rescue ; so the businesse seems to be ended , and therefore as of the tumult at Ephesus , so of the throng of words that follow , it may be said , There can be no cause given of this concourse : For though the Author have his purpose , and Protestants and Romists bee not of one religion , yet Rome may bee uncharitable for condemning Protestants who are of the true religion : Yea , Rome , by the Author being cast out from the Church , if Protestants bee in it , may be in the state of damnation , for the Authors owne title and ground , even because there is but one Church and salvation , whereof Protestants and Romists cannot be both partakers . And now what would this Cavalier have his Antagonist and Answerer to doe ? would hee have him to prove for Romists , that they are in the Church , when himselfe proves that they are not ? surely I confesse , that though there bee some untruthes by which hee would prove that Romists are not of the same saved Church which Protestants , yet there are some truthes that I cannot answer , but must confesse that they prevaile against me in putting Romists out of this Church . I will first take notice of his untruths , To make a Religion so intire as may make men to bee of one Church , saith the Cavalier they must beleeve the same doctrine , partake the same sacraments , and be obedient to the same discipline and Prelates . Here , first I deny that there must bee an entirenesse in all points of doctrine ; and if hee will looke backe , hee may see that hee hath laboured to prove it , but hath lost his labour . Againe hee hath been told , that if all have not just seven sacraments , yet they may bee saved . Thirdly , if they bee not under the Pope , and in that regard not under the same prelates , they may bee of a very good religion , and of the one saved Church ; For so are the Greek , Armenian , and Abissine Christians . A second untruth is his inference upon a catalogue of differences ; For , saith hee , wee differ in prime points , &c. Hereupon his looke tells us he would inferre , that we are in some danger for differing in these points : But I referre him for the proofe of our safety to a one that sheweth himselfe a far truer Roman Catholick then this Cavalier , whose businesse is cleane contrary to this Cavaliers , even to prove that Protestants are not damnable , nor of a different Church , for their differences from Romish Catholickes . And untill the Cavalier have refuted his Arguments , I shall hold these his objections of differences to bee but dead words , already vanquished and slaine . And let him take this with him as a note , that the title * of the first chapter of that Booke is the plaine affirmative whereof the title of this chapter is the● Negative . The truth is , the points which this Champion nameth are Popish errours , and bring the danger on their side ; and wee are the more safe for differing from them , and they the more unsafe for differing from us ; and withall unsafe againe for uncharitable censuring us . And indeede their danger is so great in the point of justification , ( one of these prime points ) and making their workes their Saviours , that they who hold this errour , and thereby withdraw their trust from Christ Iesus , if they be in that which is called the Church , they are but in it as chaffe in the Barne mixt with the corne , but to bee blowne away with the fanne into an unquencheable fire . And whereas hee expresseth this difference thus ; We differ about the justification of soules , and the value which the death and grace of Christ our Lord hath imparted to the works of the Children of God : Hee is here againe chargeable , with an untrue and an unsound expression : For wee differ from right Papists about the disvalue and unworthinesse which our persons and our * corruptions impart to the works which have otherwise some goodnesse in them as they come from the grace of Christ : so that in regard of the imperfection which they have from our corruption , wee dare not stand upon them before the Justice and Judgement of God for our justification : But we think it most safe to set betweene Gods Justice and our soules a perfect Righteousnesse , even the Righteousnesse of Christ Jesus our Head : For Christ is the end of the Law ( and a true commensurate Satisfier of the Divine Justice ) for every one that beleeveth . And in regard of our owne workes , wee may say with one that had more good works , and works more good then the best of the Romists : Enter not into judgement with thy servant , O Lord , for no flesh is righteous in thy sight ; this Saint was Gods servant , yet he desired that God would not enter into judgement with him : These then that will have God to enter in judgement with them , it is very likely they are not the servants of God ; but whatsoever they be , they may be sure by this Text , they shall not be justified in his sight . He comes to a third point ; and therein hee hath also many and manifest untruths : His point is this , That it is the Pride of the man in his disobedience to the Church , and not the importance or weight of the doctrine , that makes the Heresie . And this he would prove , because Saint Augustine accounts some things heresies which are points of small importance ; and because the Donatists are accounted hereticks for that which in S. Cyprian was not heresie ; and againe , because Saint Cyprian saith , ( nothing to the Cavaliers purpose ) that the doctrine of Novatianus was not worth the inquiring , because he was not of the Church . Here are divers untruths met together ; a first is the Position it selfe ▪ That it is Pride and Disobedience to the Church that makes the heresie : A second , that if it were disobedience to the Church , yet it is not disobedience to the Cavaliers Church , the Pope and his Adherents : Thirdly , It is not true , that those places and proofes produced by him doe prove his point of Pride to bee heresie . But before I come to a more exact consideration of these particulars , I cannot but deliver him backe againe his scornefull objection which hee threw at us in passing to this point , as nothing accusing us , but him that gave it without reason ; That the Protestants have taken upon themselves to bee the Reformers of the world , without ordinary Mission or Miracles . That our Ministers have not ordinary Mission , is an untruth so strongly refuted , that there needs a great deale of impudence or ignorance to affirme it , without new and more proofe : And for Miracles to make good a Reformation , I never heard that the very Priests of Baal did require them of Iehu , nor the idolatrous Jewes of Hezekiah and Iosiah . And indeed , they might well think there should bee no absolute need of new Miracles to them that brought in no new Law , but reformed the Church according to the old , which at first was delivered as it were in a cloud of Miracles . Neither is it necessary that our Reformation not bringing in a new Gospel , but reforming according to the Gospel once delivered to the Saints , and at first confirmed by signes , should be now again confirmed by Miracles . But we leave Romish Miracles to bee the a marks of the Man of sinne , and his deformation of the Church , whose comming must bee with signes and lying wonders ; and accordingly wee think when Lipsius wrote a Booke of the wonders of Montague and Hall , hee did by that Booke prove , That the Pope is Antichrist . But now to come to his false Position , That it is pride and disobedience to the Church that makes the heresie ; I must tell him , that hee hath divers of his owne Romish Doctors , and those not ignoble , that hold the contrary ; and therefore hee must not blame his Reader if hee beleeve them before a Cavalier : for some hold , b That not the pride of the person makes the heresie , but that an heresie may properly bee called any error contrary to faith considered in it selfe , without any respect to the deliverer of it . And for this opinion are brought forth these great ones , Turrecremata , Castro , Simancas , Couarruncas , Gabriel , Corduba . Secondly , a Proposition may be hereticall , as some Romists say , though the contrary hath not beene decided and decreed by the Church . Accordingly wee reade againe , c That those are not onely hereticall assertions which are defined by Counsels or the Pope , but many others ; which is plaine , because this Proposition , God is not Three and One , was hereticall before the condemnation of Arrius . The like hee affirms of the heresie of Nestorius : yet again , to make the matter more plaine , hee saith , d Whatsoever is expressely contained in Scripture , so that no obscurity bee in the sense of the words , doth cause the contrary assertion to bee hereticall . And accordingly , e Vasques saith not onely such a Position is called hereticall , which is contrary to the definition of the Church , but that which is contrary to Scripture . And that wee may come to Saint Augustine , wee shall finde that this contrariety to Scripture was that which Saint Augustine accounted heresie , and not contrariety to the Pope and his Decrees . For thus hee saith in the small matter produced by the Cavalier , called by him Putting off shooes in prayer : * There is an heresie of those that ever goe bare foot , because God said to Moses , or Josua , Put off thy shooes from thy feet : and because the Prophet Esay was command●d to goe bare foote . But this is an heresie , not because they goe thus for the humbling of the body ; but because they thus understand the Testimony of Scripture . So we see that the Author is plainly told by S. Augustine , that it was the falsifying of divine Testimonies , even the alledged places of Scripture , that gave their error the name of an heresie . And it were pitie to put the Cavalier to prove that at this time the Pope had decreed and decided , That men should not put off their shooes in prayer . But the truth is , the Fathers take this word heresie f sometimes in a large sense , accounting that an heresie which was an erring against any truth of Scripture : but heresie in the most proper , full , and killing sense , hath been taken to bee an error g against the Rule of Faith , even such an error as puts men off from the foundation ; for a soule being put off from the foundation , which is God in Christ Iesus , cannot possibly bee saved . Yet it cannot be denyed , but that if lesser errors be so plainly discovered to bee contrary to the Scriptures , that this contrariety is made manifest to him that erreth , this error being afterwards maintained may be a damnable heresie ; and the reason only be this , Because such an heretick erreth in the foundation of Faith ; for hee doth not beleeve that God is true ; and not beleeving Gods Truth , hee cannot beleeve the truth of his promises in Christ Jesus . And because such lesser errors were sometimes plainly ( at least , as some holy men thought ) convinced to bee contrary to Scriptures , therefore these errors by them might perchance bee called heresies . But yet it cannot bee certainely affirmed by any man , that what himselfe seeth to bee manifestly against Scriptures , and hath delivered this , which seemes manifest unto himselfe , to another , that the other to whom hee hath delivered it , doth see it also to bee manifest ; therefore no man , meerely upon such a manifestation , can say directly and positively , That such an one doth wilfully not beleeve the Truth of God in the Scriptures . Wherefore these smaller errors , though they might be called heresies at large , in regard that they were errors shewed to be contrary to the Scriptures , and so there was a possibility that they might bee held wilfully against the known truth ; yet because there is also a possibility that it might not h bee knowne to those that erred , that their error was contrary to the Scriptures , the sentence of killing and damning on such cannot certainly be pronounced . For indeed , no Father nor Divine can affirme , That one erring not wilfully , but by weakenesse or ignorance , in such a point as praying bare foote , cannot beleeve in Christ Jesus , or , so beleeving , cannot bee saved . But howsoever , in all this which hee hath all●dged , there is nothing that makes for the Cavalier , but rather all against him . For it is still an errour contrary to the Scriptures that makes the Heresie ; and not pride and disobedience against the Pope and his decisions . And indeed this truth was so strong , and so prevailed against the Cavalier , that it forced him to speake some part of it , even against his own proposition : For he saith thus ; The Pride wherewith they presumed to abuse Scripture , and to impose such a fond law upon mens consciences , and a resolution not to leave it when they were commanded by the Church , was that which made it Heresie in them : Where the abusing of Scripture is indeed the chiefe if not onely cause of giving it the likenesse of Heresie . For imposing it as a law upon mens consciences , I hope this Author will not take for Heresie , but rather for a vertue , seeing he hath oftē told us , that those who suppose their religion to be true , are not to blame if that they tel others that they are in danger by holding the contrary . Howsoever I am sure this is not the life of Heresie , as the Cavalier presently tels us in the next page ; But maintaining a doctrine & discipline contrary to the judgment & commandements of the Church . But how he could know by the art of divination that these his barefoot Hereticks , had a resolution not to leave their errours when they were commanded by the Church , the Church being taken for the Pope and his adhaerents , I cannot divine ; for it is very possible that they , seeing the Popes glorious Pantofle adorned with the Crosse , might perhaps thinke it more holy ( by the example of him whom they call his Holinesse ) to weare shooes of that fashion . The Cavaliers mis●haps still increase , and the more comfortlesse , because they are drawne by himselfe upon himselfe : For this next proofe is from the Quarto Decimani , the life of whose Heresie hee would make to be , the holding of Easter at another time then was ordained by the Church . But if the Pope bee ( as hee is said to bee ) the Church vertuall , let the Cavalier remember that this Church vertuall was chidden a by S. Irenaeus for excommunicating the Easterne Churches because they differed from him in observation of Easter ; So at that time , neither the different observation of Easter , nor disobeying the Popes command was accounted an Heresie . Hee is also alike unhappy in his Heresie of Rebaptization ; where hee saith , In Saint Cyprian it was but errour , because the Church of his time had not absolutely condemned it ; but growing after to be condemned in the Donatists time , it was Heresie in them not to forsake it ; which drew Vincentius Lirinensis to make this exclamation , O admirable change of things ! The Authors of an opinion are held Catholicks , and the followers of the selfe same are judged Hereticks : For the Cavaliers matter is hereby overthrowne . For b the Bishop of Rome and his councell having condemned the errour of rebaptization , Cyprian must be an c Heretick who disobeyed the Bishop of Rome and his councell thus having condemned it , yea having condemned the maintainers of it . But if S. Cyprian was hereby no Heretick , then the life of Heresie doth not consist in disobeying the Church speaking by the Pope . Againe , if S. Cyprian escape at this doore , I do not see but that , for ought the Cavalier saith , the same doore stands open for the Donatists ; For his reason by which he would keepe in the Donatists , is , Because their errour grew after to bee condemned . But wee see their errour was condemned before , by Cornelius and Stephen Bishops of Rome , even in the time of S. Cyprian : And therefore if there bee no other reason the Donatists may escape the note of Heresie with S. Cyprian . But indeede there were other reasons that might aggravate the errour of the Donatists beyond S. Cyprian , and make it look more like Heresie ; A first may be a maintaining of their errour after much evidence and conviction by Scriptures : A second , because * they made this errour a ground of an other errour , That it was a just cause to divide from the Church , because the Church differed from them in their errour : This Cyprian never did ; for though Cyprian yeelded not obedience to the Pope having decided the point , yet he held union with the Church , even with those who differed from him in this point of re baptization : which may be spoken to the shame both of the old Donatists and the new , even the Romists that teare the Church into pieces for every little difference . Thirdly , the Donatists were thought thereupon to raise another b errour contrary to an Article of the Creed , That the Church was not Catholick : and this the Cavalier might have seene in this very Treatise of Saint Austin , ad quod vult Deum , from whence hee fetched his former objections . Lastly , if any man will see the reason of Lirinensis whom this Author produceth , he may thus receive it , and adde it for a Corollary : The c Masters are absolved , the Disciples are condemned , &c. whose wickednesse I judge to bee worthy of double hatred ; both because they feare not to deliver unto others the poyson of Heresie , and because with profane hands they tosse the memory of holy men , as ashes which were quenched ; and spread abroad a reviv'd opinion , which should have beene buried in silence : following herein the steps of their Father Cham ; who not onely neglected to cover the nakednesse of reverend Noe , but also shewed it to others to bee derided . As for the answer of Cyprian to him that made the question concerning the doctrine of Novitianus , it doth not shew that they that obey not the Popish Church are Hereticks , but that Hereticks are cast out of the Church for their Hereticall doctrines : And such doctrines , whose Authors and Abettors are for them worthily cast out of the Church , are not worth the enquiry . The Cavalier , having passed through many untruths , now comes to an impertinence fraught also with untruths ; Hee would * faine prove , that , because there are some quarrells betweene some Calvinists and some Lutherans , therefore Protestants are damnable Hereticks for disobeying the Pope in small matters : But he knowes not how to tye this together , scarcely with the Jesuiticall cart-ropes of vanity and fraud , called Equivocation and mentall Reservation : For neither of them doe charge the other with Heresie for disobeying the Pope , yea not for disobeying the Church ; but ( as they would perswade others , in their disputing vehemence ) for not rightly conceiving some passages of Scripture : and I dare so much trust the Cavaliers honesty , that he will not say , that himselfe beleeves some of those slanders which himselfe produceth from Lutherans against Calvinists ; Such are corrupting the Scriptures concerning the glorious Trinity , the Deity of Christ , and the Holy Ghost . And hee knowes , or might know , if he have but begunne with Bellarmines cōtroversies ( whom he names ) what Gre●zer speakes of Hunnius ( one of the Cavaliers chiefe Authors that casts scandalls upon Calvinists ) in his Epistle prefixed to Bellarmines controversies : For there he saith , † That Hunnius began a kind of writing right Lutherane , that is , Thrasonicall , vaine-glorious , & furious , I had almost said drunken : yea he goes from the man to the kind ; and saith , The Lutheran Preachers doe set forth their disputations as if it were upon Meade and Beere , and so that they may seeme to smell of that which ariseth from both ; railing-slanders , and madnesse . Now if this testimony of Gretzer be true ( and whatsoever it be I thinke this Cavalier will not give this Father of his the lye ) then I wonder he would produce testimonies of such , whose Disputations ( as saith his Father Gretzer ) smell of rayling-Slanders and madnesse . So that indeed this argument seemes not to be so much a matter of earnest , as of mirth , even to make himselfe and his Romish Readers infernally merry with the bitternesse and contentions of christians : yet it were not hard to shew patternes of such vomits of Gall , brought up from Romish stomacks ; and indeede here they lye in sight , but I had rather they should bee covered with ashes , then bee stirred to annoy my Reader and my selfe with the savour of them : Only I will give this Champion some animadversions ; one is , that this is a stale objection , long since dissolved by that reverend and learned prelate , the ever honoured Bishop Iewell . And this Bishop hath so torne this objection to ragges , that I wonder this Cavalier would stoope so low as to take up such ragges , which can never bee well sowed together againe , and cloath his book with them . A second , that it were farre more like the spirit of Moses , to say , Why doe yee strive seeing yee are brethren ? then to gather this uncharitable and false Inference , Because yee strive , yee are not brethren . I am passing from this Champions Untruths to his Truth : but I cannot passe over an abominable , fearefull and manifold Untruth , not so much bounded in one part of this Chapter , as arising from the whole : For his maine drift and plot is , and his words doe tell it us , That let a point of doctrine bee never so fundamentall and necessary to salvation , if his Popish Church doe not decide , propound , and command it to bee beleeved , it is not heresie not to beleeve it : But bee the point never so small , if the Popish Church decide , and command it to bee beleeved , then must it bee beleeved upon paine of damnation . Now , what can bee said more to put the Pope above God to make him Antichrist , and his followers Antichristians ? That which God saith may bee unbeleeved without note of heresie , though it bee this maine point , This is my beloved Sonne in whom I am well-pleased : But if the Pope decide and command to bee beleeved , that a Gossips are such kinne , that they cannot marry without incest ; not to beleeve this is certaine b damnation : fearefull blasphemies ; and unhappy Christians whose God is lesse then their Pope , and whose Pope is above the highest God. But as this makes way for the Mystery of iniquity ; so it leades fitly to the next point , which is this Champions Truth , wherein this Mysterie will bee more fully revealed . SECT . II. The Idolatrie of Papists , 1. In making the Pope the foundation of Faith. 2. In giving Divine worsh●p to the Sacramentall Elements , and to Images . 3. In attributing the merit of salvation to their owne works , is such as may sinke many of them into a damnable estate ; though it may bee charitably hoped of others , that they are saved who avoyd the mortall infection of these points : and what caution must be used to preserve this Charity from crossing with Truth . HAving discovered many Untruths , in at least foure maine points of this Chapter , wee are come to a fifth point , whose truth is so powerfull , that it overcomes mee , and makes mee to acknowledge with the Author , That it divides Protestants and right Romists so farre as salvation and damnation . And I must cleere either side from uncharitablenesse , in saying that these who faile in this point are in a state of damnation . And it is very true that hee promiseth , That this Reason strikes at the roote , which is taken from the nature and propertie of Faith : The point is this ; That whosoever doth give his faith and assent to all the Articles of Christian doctrine , yet if hee doe it not upon the right and infallible motive , hee hath no saving Faith. Now hereunto wee subjoyne , That true and right Papists or Romists doe not beleeve upon the true and infallible motive ; Therefore they can have no saving Faith. And indeed , though they have many and pernitious errors , yet this is the great and generall error that makes up the Mystery of iniquity , which wee call the Papacie , and the Papists call the Church . For the ordinary motive of faith in those who are the right and naturall members of the Head of that Mysterie , is to beleeve the Articles of Faith , because the Church , whose mouth , head , and spirit is the Pope , propounds and commands them to bee beleeved . And this Author saith , that the onely true and infallible ground is , The Revelation of Almighty God , and the proposition and direction of the Church . Wherein first hee joyneth the Church with God in this ground of Faith ; and so gives as it were halfe of the ground of Faith to the Church from God , and makes it halfe unsafe and damnable : But even this halfe hee seemes elsewhere wholly to take away , and so to leave men wholly to bee damned by a Faith wholly grounded on a * motive which cannot raise a saving and supernaturall Faith : for hee saith , b That if the Church hath not decided , propounded , and commanded a doctrine to bee beleeved by her children , a man may thinke and doe as hee sees cause , without incurring the crime of heresie . Thus wee see that the Revelation of God is not a motive of Faith of it selfe , but the Church is the motive of beleeving Gods Revelation : so , first , wee see the Church to put God aside , and to take place of him ; and knowing who is the Head , Heart , if not the Whole of this Church , wee finde him just in his owne place , and that is , lifting himselfe up above all that is called God : And secondly , wee see the deadly motive and ground of Faith , proposed by Papists to Popish soules , even the word of a man , and a Man of sinne ; on whom whatsoever Faith is finally grounded , it can give nothing but damnation . Neither are wee put by other Papists to lay pieces together to prove this their damning motive of Faith ; for , besides the common voice of the people , that they beleeve as the Church beleeves , wee have before * heard , that the Rhemists acknowledge the Popes to bee an Order of Governors to whom wee are bound to cleave in Religion , and to obey in all things : And thereupon they infer , that A Papist is a Christian man , a childe of the Church , and subject to Christs Vicar : So the Christianity of a Papist , and his being a child of the Church , depends on his cleaving to the Pope , and obeying him in all things . But yet againe we may see it more acknowledged in their Writers . a Lorca brings forth Medina affirming , that The Testimonie of the Church doth so farre partake of being the formall object or motive of faith , that the utmost resolution of faith is into the authoritie of the Church , and the proofes produced for it are to bee heard in the common language of Romists : If it bee asked why thou beleevest the Trinity in Unity , and thou answer , Because God saith it ; It will then bee demanded of thee how thou knowest that God saith it ; thou hast no other Answer left but this , Because the Church saith it ; and so are they taught in the Catechisme , and so answer both the learned and unlearned . Behold the common answer , and common faith of Romists . Now this object of faith being man , and not God , it cannot raise that supernaturall and saving faith , whose object is the prime Veritie , even God speaking to the soules of his servants . And seeing this humane faith hath so possessed Romists , that their Prophets doe make the obeying and cleaving to the Pope in his doctrine the very Character of a Christian and childe of the Church ; this Church consisting of these children thus adhering to the Pope , is against such truely affirmed not to bee the Church ; and so may the Homily of our Church clearely bee interpreted , which denyeth the Church of Rome , that is , the Pope and his Adherents , to bee the true Church ; for thus to adhere unto the Pope , and to lay beliefe on him is so farre from making a true childe and member of the Church , that it makes a member of the Papacie , and so of Antichrist ; it makes a Synagogue for Sathan and Hell , and not a Church for Christ and salvation . And whereas this Author both in this Chapter , and the beginning of the eighth , objects it to us that wee condemne their doctrines , and account the Church of Rome to bee the Seate of Antichrist , and the Synagogue of Sathan ; Hee hath here seene one reason of it ; and it is a reason of his owne and his fellowes , even because the Romish Doctors and Champions tell us , that the Church of Rome is made of those children which beleeve in the Pope : And this faith being humane , cannot make a Church to Christ , but to the Pope ; and thus the Pope stands in the place of Antichrist , for putting Christ out of his place , and stepping into it , whiles thus hee makes his sheepe to heare his voice , before Christs ; yea , both herein , and often ▪ otherwise against a Christ. But a second Reason may bee given of their calling the Church of Rome the Synagogue of Sathan ; the Church of Rome being taken in a larger sense , even for all those parts of mankinde , that have reference to Rome : For they finde this Church of Rome overspred , not onely with this false and Antichristian faith , but with other mortall errours and abhominations ; such are grosse and almost universall Idolatry in the worship of Images , and especially of the Sacrament , confidence in workes for justification and merit ; and a grosse ignorance , even a not knowing of Christ , which before hath beene touched . Now many seeing a field overcome with these deadly and killing weeds , and so overcome , that they seemed to cover the face of the field , they tooke it to bee a field of Weeds and not of Corne : And because the usuall manner of speaking is to say , that a horse is blacke and not white that hath but a few white haires on him , they thought they might say , the Church of Rome was the Synagogue of Satan , and not a true Church , because there is such a multitude of Ignorants , Antichristians , and Idolaters , and so few true worshippers and beleevers . But , bee it that the Church of Rome ( being understood in this wide sense , wherein it comprehends all that any way looke toward Rome ) in regard that there was once sowed good corne in it , and some of it comes up in some corners of it , shal be called a field of corne from that which is most excellent in it ; surely it concernes Protestants wisely to mannage their unity with it , and the division from it . When we pursue the unity of charity , wee must take heed that we lose not saving verity : and when we pursue saving verity , we must take heed that we offend not against charity : we must so converse with that Church as with a City overcome with the plague ; we should be very wary of infection , in regard of the universall pestilence of it ; and ( if we may ) chuse some places and company that are healthy . But from those that live the life of Grace , though never so few , affection may not be with-drawne , but to them belongs both our pity and prayers : Yet , while we extend our charity to them , let us take heede that wee lose not our selves ; and that our charity doe not swallow up verity , and make great sinnes too small , nor allow too easie a communion betweene Christ and Beliall ; nor make salvation larger then the Scripture doth make it : For first , the a Beleevers in the Papacy , which make the Papall Church , are by their humane faith infected to death , except there be a healing of their errour by repentance : These are Idolaters for worshipping the Pope , and making him their God , and rock of their faith . Neither will it excuse them , that they beleeve what they professe ; for , the more they beleeve by this carnall & killing faith , the more they are slaine , and the deeper they are in damnation . Secondly , there are b worshippers of Images and consecrated bread , which are Idolaters in the common and knowne sense of Idolatry . And the c common sort are exceedingly possessed with this Idolatry , and slaine to death with it ; and I doubt it will bee a difficult matter to save many of the Doctors whom this plague hath infected : For though they beleeve this Idolatry , which they pofesse to be lawfull , yet Idolatry hath beene damnable to many , which both thus professed and beleeved it : Yea , they that beleeve and trust in Idols , are the more damnable for thus beleeving . Besides , many places of Scripture shew , that saving grace and the true feare of God , doth not commonly dwell , especially with dwelling and raigning Idolatry . For Grace doth commonly turne out such grosse sinnes when it enters into the soule ; and accordingly Saint Paul describes the conversion of the Thessalonians , to bee a turning from Idols to the living God , 1 Thes. 1.9 . And so some of the Corinthians were Idolaters , but they were washed by regeneration ( 1. Cor. 6. ) so that they are not now that which they were before . I would have charity to save as many as she might , but I know shee cannot save them truly without verity ; Now the verities of Scriptures seeme to withstand the easie and ordinary salvation of Idolaters , and I am sure have made it damnable to many who beleeved it to bee the worship of God , and therefore they should be cleered , before charity can know that shee hath her desire in true saving of Idolaters : And this I propose not to increase damnation ( which I abhorre in my opposite , the Romish Champion ) but to increase salvation ; even to save some with compassion , by pulling them out of the * fire prepared for Idolaters , and to save others from falling into it . To this end let us behold in the Scripture of truth , how Idolatry , though professed and beleeved , yea though mixt with some knowledge , yea seeming feare or service of God , hath drawne the wrath of God upon Idolators . Israel , to whom were anciently given the Promises , and newly the Law , while Moses was in the Mount , made a god of Gold , but , in that , worshiped the God that brought them out of Egypt , and proclaimed a feast to him ; and we finde that presently Gods wrath was ready to wax hot against them to consume them ; yea though Moses was the meekest man on Earth , yet his meeknesse was so incensed against this sinne and these sinners , that hee commands every man to slay his Brother , Companion , and Neighbour . And when hee goes to God for a pardon , hee doth it not with an extenuation , but an aggravation of this sin : For hee saith , Oh , this people have sinned a great sin , and have made them gods of Gold : He doth not tell God , that it is a veniall or not damnable sin , or that their breeding in Egypt might excuse them , the cause that made them beleeve that which they here act and professe ; That an oxe which eateth grasse might represent the Deity , and bee worshipped for it : But laying aside all excuses and extenuations , he calls it a great sinne , and thinkes that a blotting out of Gods booke belonged to this sinne , and therefore hee offers his owne soule to this punishment for their ransome : But behold how fatall a sentence God pronounceth on the sinners of this sinne , so shewing it to be damnable , Him that sinneth will I blot out of my book : and it presently followeth , In the day wherein I visit , will I visit their sinne upon them . Againe , in a chapter nearly following , this Idolatry , wherein Moses is earnest with God for a pardon , and God seemes to be so farre intreated as to lead them by his Angell to Canaan , yet is he still so strange to them , that he calls them still not his own people , but the people of Moses ; Thy people , and , the people amongst whom thou art ▪ But withall hee injoynes them to destroy the Altars of Idolaters , to breake downe their Images , and to worship no other God : and let the reason be observed , for it is highly observable , For the Lord whose name is Iealous , is a jealous God. Surely this Jealousie of God is not sufficiently considered by those that are over easie & favourable to Idolatry : They consider not duly the Nature of Jealousie , nor the height & breadth of a Jealousie of an Almighty God , nor that it is so inward and essentiall in God , that it is as it were God himselfe ; For his name ( saith hee ) is Iealous ; Now Iealousie is the rage of a Man ; and , a man saith Salomon ( thus enraged , ) will not spare in the day of vengeance . What then is the jealousie of God but the wrath of God , and what is God when hee is angry , but a consuming fire ? And such hee testifies himselfe to be , particularly against this sinne . Jealousie in a man may passe by many faults in his wife , but it will not indure Adultery ; for Adultery causeth a divorce , which many other crimes doe not : accordingly God often calls Idolatry by the name of Adultery , and thereupon threatens a divorce to his people : And in that commandement alone which forbids this Spirituall Adultery , doth God onely mention his Jealousie . Againe , if a man be jealous , let a stranger be never so like him , his jealousie will not suffer his wife to love that stranger as himselfe ; yea , he will not indure it though shee say it is for his sake , and for likenesse to to her Husband : How much more should the jealousie of God arise , when his worship is given to things infinitely inferior to himselfe , and so farre below , that it is a kinde of blasphemy to name them in a comparison ? Accordingly God casts it off with a scornefull indignation ; To whom will yee liken God ? If this jealousie of God could not indure that Dagon should stand in one place with the Arke , shall we thinke that the same jealousie will indure an Idol to dwell quietly with him in the soule of that man which is truly the Temple of God ? What agreement ( saith S. Paul ) hath the Temple of God with Idols ? For yee are the Temple of the living God : And if Saint Paul aske this question , as if it could not receive an answer , How dare men to answer this question , at least with such facility to dissolve it , how dare they say , Yes , S. Paul ? It hath beene seene very generally that the Temple of God , even ignorant Christians , have had agreement with Idols ; for if Christians knew not but that the Idols ought to bee worshipped with divine worship , they , beleeving this , might give divine worship to idols ; and this Idolatry is not damnable . Surely , if such an answer may thus get safe passage through this Text by some narrow way , to make Idolatry to agree with God and salvation ; doubtlesse , it seemes by Saint Pauls question , the common and ordinary relation between them is disagreement , and there is some great difficulty , or some great rarity in this agreement : And this great danger and difficulty should bee greatly pressed ; at least , not lesse then the narrow way of escaping . And indeed , to expresse this danger and difficulty is my businesse at this time ; and for a further expression of it , let the words of Iosua bee considered ; Yee cannot serve the Lord , for hee is an holy and a jealous God ; Hee will not forgive your transgressions and sinnes , except yee put away the strange gods which are among you . I might add from many places of Scriptures , That they who feared the Lord , and served their own gods , did not feare the Lord. And in the daies of good Iosiah , God would Cut off those that worship , and sweare by the Lord , and sweare by Malcam ; And that Idolatry is generally clothed in Scripture with the title of Abomination , and it is not easie nor usuall with God to dwell with Abomination . But , referring the Reader to his owne reading , I conclude with that piercing and affrighting speech of Saint Paul ; There is a brother , and it is a weake brother , and this brother , out of his weaknesse , eates things sacrificed unto Idols , with conscience ( of religious honour ) of the Idols : the same weake brother , seeing a strong brother eating in the Temple of Idols , is strengthened in his making conscience , and giving honour and worship to the Idoll : and yet of this weake brother Saint Paul saith , that Hee perisheth . No doubt this weake brother making conscience of the Idoll , beleeved this honour which his conscience gave to the Idoll was due and lawfull ; yea , he beleeved it the more , as Saint Paul saith , by seeing a strong brother in the Idols Temple , whom hee thought to have made the same conscience of the Idoll ; yet this brother for whom Christ dyed , thus weake , thus beleeving , and upon such a tentation ( if wee beleeve Saint Paul ) perisheth by this Idolatry . There is yet a third dangerous , yea , a deadly infection of Rome , in the Idolatry of Merits , of which soules should bee wary : for b generally , those merits are by by them made Saviours , while they think that they are able to justifie , or stand in judgement before Gods Justice , and that they deserve life eternall ; yet Christ Jesus , who is God blessed for ever , could onely performe such merits for mankinde . As for us , when wee speake most of our good works , Let us say with that holy man , Remember me , O Lord , concerning this , and spare mee according to the multitude of thy mercy : and then put this clause to it from our Saviour , When wee have done all , wee are unprofitable servants . Let not this Idolatry seeme small to us , which the chiefe of them dare not maintaine when they dye , though the Papall profit makes it pleasant whilest they live : But let it bee as one of the botches of Egypt , which kill the soules of thousands with death eternall . Thus have wee seene errors deadly and damnable to many that professed them in the Church of Rome , and beleeved what they professed ; wherefore the safest way by which charity joyned to verity may more clearly save some in this Church , is to finde some that are cleare from these errors . And these being produced , may serve for patternes to others to drive them from these errors . And accordingly it is possible to find some within the Romish territories that have been cleer from these Idolatries ; yea , some that have beene Teachers and Writers , and no doubt they have begotten some Auditors and Readers like to themselves . And first for the killing error of making the Pope or his Church the god and utmost foundation of faith , there are not a few of the late Writers , as Lorca tels us , that * wholly deny it , The authority and testimony of the Church doth nothing pertain to the assent of faith , neither as part of the object , nor as a condition without which faith cannot bee ; which opinion of Canus not a few of the later men doe imbrace : ( to this hee adds ) which was the opinion of Calvin . And to make this yet more cleer , that often objected place of S. Augustine , I would not beleeve the Gospel , except the authority of the Church did move mee . Lorca saith , Canus & Calvin answer with the very same words ; That Augustine meant nothing in this sentence , but that the Church is an apt beginning , and as it were an introduction , by which a man wholly ignorant of the faith is fitly led unto it ; but not that the Church should bee the reason of beleeving : for that is , Because God speaks in the Scripture , and it is an infallible instrument of the divine Testimony . And Lorca a afterwards affirmes , That the resolution of this question , Why you beleeve , is lastly and directly resolved into the testimony of God ; and this is the adaequate reason of beleeving , Because God saith it . Thus are there some , and not a few of the Church of Rome , as Lorca tels us , that avoid the shipwrack of soules , which is visually suffered by faith in the Pope , or testimony of man , even the Man of sinne . Secondly , for that Idolatry which giveth divine worship to Images , though it be an evill that hath too largely overspread b the Romish dominions , and the denyall of it in Spaine hath beene censured for heresie : Yet there are divers of the Romish communion that have not thus bowed to Baal , in so much , that Papyrius Massonus thus writes in his Preface before Agobardus ; and of him , Hee c manifestly discovers the errors of the Greeks concerning Images and Pictures , and denyeth that they ought to be worshipped ; which opinion all Catholicks doe approve . So it seemes hee thought it a Catholick opinion not to worship Images , and those not Catholicks which doe approve this worship . And d Pamelius dares tell the Pope himselfe , That if the question bee proposed concerning the use of Images , How they are forbidden in the Decalogue ; which is , that they bee not worshipped : Tertullian sheweth it in his Booke against Marcion ; and after in his Notes upon Tertullian's Apologetick : Tertullian saith not that Christians did hate Statues and Images , but that they did not worship them ; which certainly ( as the Fathers of the seventh Synode , Damascen and Jonas doe often inculcate ) none of us ever attempted : I meane not with the worship of latria , which is due to God alone . But though his speech be somewhat too large , when hee excludeth all Romists from giving this worship ; ( as hereafter in another Chapter will more plainely appear● ) yet it is possible that this all might 〈…〉 l●●arned ones wherewith hee 〈…〉 for I doubt the common 〈…〉 understood the distinction betweene doulia and latria ; yet thus it is likely wee may finde some ( at least , of the Learned ) that are cleere also of this pestilence . In this ranke also of Idolatry may bee mentioned the worship and adoration of the Sacrament , which is likely to bee the more universall , because it seemes back'd with a Councell which some thinke universall : But indeede all doe not take it to be universall , as the Author of the Examen Pacifique doth plainely shew . And of this Idolatry wee may well beleeve , that there are some free in the Romish Territories : For e wee finde that , because without the Priests Intention Romists doe acknowledge that the Bread is still but Bread , and withall , that the worship of bread is abominable Idolatry ; It h●th been thought safest by some , to direct all the Sacramentall worship to Christ Jesus sitting at the right hand of God , where hee is sure to be found . This is the doctrine of Vasques ; and I could name a Lady in England , who professed so to worship Christ in the Sacrament , and I hope shee is not without followers . Another Romish Idolatry is turning merits into Saviours : This we have seen is too common among the vulgar ; yet by some they are removed from this office , and especially at the time of death ; for even persecuting Gardiner thought it good doctrine for them that were dying to put their whole trust in the merits of Christ. And Cardinall Bellarmine in his last will , desires to bee crowned by God , not as a Regarder of merits , but as a Giver of mercy . And Bernard , Thomas de Kempis , Cassander , and Ferus ( who have many Readers , and I hope herein some beleevers ) appeare sound in their Writings , both from this and other Idolatries . Briefly , the catholick Apologie brings forth divers Authors of theirs , that have taught their Readers Doctrine contrary to the mortall and damnable errors which wee complaine of , for massacring soules in the Kingdome of the Pope . So that though a pestilence hath generally over-run his Territories , yet there are some healthy and living soules therein : though there may bee millions that bowe unto their many Baals , yet there may bee thousands that bow not unto them : And though wee bee not of one Religion with the Idolaters , yet with those that serve God in spirit and truth , and keep themselves from Idols , wee have one Religion in Essentialls and Fundamentalls ; and so both may be saved . Let us conclude in the words of one of them upon the conclusion of S. Iohns Epistle , and in him see what saving Religion is taught , and , I hope , learned by some of them ; a Babes , keep your selves from Idols : This Corollary S. John not unfitly nor without cause annexed to this Epistle ; For , seeing he had taught that there is one onely God , who hath manisted himselfe in his Sonne , and hath taught us by him , that the true worship of God consisteth in faith , hope and love , and in purity and sanctity of life ; hee doth now necessarily admonish us , that we remaine in that faith and true worship of God , and beware of all Idolatry . So John in this whole Epistle would teach us two things , That there is but one true God , And one true Religion ▪ Iesus Christ with the Father and the Holy Ghost is that and one true God ; and Christian Religion is the onely true worship of God : For this Religion g●veth all glory to God by Christ , and by the same Christ bringeth to us life and salvation : Behold that one Religion which we all so professe . Yet ▪ for a caution to be annexed to the conclusion , I thinke that true zeale and charity , though they take such for living soules which are safe in fundamentalls , yet they pity other grosse errours which make the soule sick though they kill not ; and a true lover of soules resembles the head both of soules and of love , and desires to present unto God soules without spot and blemish : And because they love them , as on the one side they acknowledge the life that is in them , so they desire to add growth to this life , and to bring it onward toward perfection . They doe not tell them that they are well enough , because they live ; for that is rather to build their contentment on their owne safety , then on the full pleasing and serving of their Saviour . Therefore they call on them for the washing away of other errours , which are blemishes in the eye of the Heavenly Bridegroome ; that thus the Bride , being all glorious within , may bee ready and prepared for the day of her gladnesse , even her marriage in eternall and consummate felicity . CHAP. IX . Wherein divers objections are re-inforced against the Romists , concerning those divisions amongst them , which the Cavalier in vaine seekes to reconcile in his seventh Chapter . SECT . I. Wherein is shewed , First , that Protestants in submitting to the holy word and spirit of God , have therein a true ground of unity , actually in those things wherein they agree ; intentionally in other things wherein they differ . Secondly , that their Romish submission to the Pope , though it produce a seeming unity in many points , yet it leaves divers irreconcileable differences amongst them . THe Cavalier in his last chapter hath rid on , much out of his way : and in this he rides apace , and the faster the more out of the way . He was out of his way when hee travelled to free Romists from want of charity , by proving Protestants and Romists not to have one saving faith , seeing Protestants having that saving faith , the Romists shew want of charity in damning those who are saved : Hee was againe out of the way in bringing his owne Romists into schisme and damnation , by dividing them from Protestants which have that one saving faith : And now he goes further out of the way , in removing the reasons that may make for unity , though by unity with Protestants Romists may avoid uncharitablenesse , schisme , and damnation : so , it seemes , hee is so earnest for division and dis-union , that to attaine it he will hazzard both charity and salvation to his owne fellow Romists as a high price , and farre above the value of that which hee would purchase , though it were the richest jewell in the world . Yet on hee goes upon this adventure ; And whereas differences amongst Romists are brought forth to make Romists more equall to differences among Protestants , or to some differences betweene Protestants and Romists ; and likewise to make Romists thinke there may be a spirituall unity notwithstanding some differences , because , notwithstanding their owne differences , they affirme there is an unity among themselves , this the Author thinkes too peaceable , and therefore strives to take it out of the way . Toward this , he is willing to deny that there are such differences amongst Romists , and he strives to shew that they agree even in those things wherein they differ ; But differ they doe , and strong evidences wee have for it , which may hereafter be produced : Neither indeede their Poeticall Heade of unity , the Pope , nor any one man on earth , can make the whole Church to bee inwardly of one minde and soule , but onely that Lord and maker of Spirits by his owne Spirit , his true and onely Vicar . For that one Spirit , enlightning and guiding the spirits of men , with one faith of one word , delivered by the ministery , directed and enabled by the same one spirit , can onely make a true , reall , internall and spirituall unity : And accordingly S. Paul leading us to the unity of faith , thus rightly ordereth his words toward unity ; One Spirit , one Lord , one Faith : And thus hee goes on , and sheweth how this one spirit of one Lord which inwardly workes this unity of faith in the Lords body , outwardly also concurres to the working of it by the gifts given to the ministery ; For this working without in the ministery , and inabling them to teach one and the same doctrine of saving faith ; and inwardly working in the hearts and soules of Christs members , these members are brought into the unity of faith and so into one body of Christ : and , as in this body of Christ there are different members of different measures and capacities , by the different gifts of the spirit ; so these different capacities doe not reach or containe one measure of divine truth : Christ the Foundation and Head is made knowne to all his members , for by this knowledge they become his members , and so have they all unity in so much divine truth as knits them to Christ : But by reason of their different measures , some attaining such holy truths of which others are short , there must needs bee a difference in the apprehension of those truths to which some attaine , and others doe not come ; yet in all is a settled desire and purpose to beleeve the whole truth revealed by God , if it be also revealed to them that it is the truth of God : And so whatsoever force was in the Champions speech , That true spirituall faith beleeveth the whole Body of divine doctrine , makes not against us but for us , and much more for us then for them . For we upon the right motive , which is God speaking in his word , doe beleeve plainly whatsoever we conceive , and what we doe not conceive wee beleeve in purpose and intention ; And thus have wee perfect unity , while in the fundamentalls we have an actuall unity of faith , and in the lesser points an unity of purpose and will : But in this true and kindly unity , one Spirit , not one Pope doth cause inwardly one faith . And againe , that one spirit giving gifts to men , not to one man , outwardly bringeth to the inward unity of faith . And indeede that none but the spirit , the true vicar of Christ , can make this solid , spirituall , and internall unity , it appeares by the confession of the very Romish craft , which hath coyned the Pope to be the head of unity . For , that they might make and prove him to be such , they have put him into the place of the holy Ghost , and made him the Vicar of Christ : accordingly they say that the holy Ghost speaks by him , and so the speech of the holy Ghost , being infallible verity , is a right ground of unity : A foule errour and without ground of Scripture , which never , since the departure of Christ from earth , tyed the holy Ghost to one man , so that from him the whole Church should fetch Oracles and resolutions . But indeed it is a high and blasphemous imposture , which puts the Pope in place of the holy Ghost : And when this man speakes , it pronounceth of him as the people of Herod ; The voice of God , and not of Man. And how little this differs from Montanisme , I wish Romists would consider , who reduced the promise of sending the Comforter ( Christs Vicar as a Tertullian cals him ) to be performed in Montanus . And the very same place doe the Romists apply to the Pope which was applied to Montanus ; but yet thus it appeares , That even they that erre in the application , yet hold truth in the position ; That the holy Ghost is the true root of union , though erroneously and blasphemously they put the Pope into his roome , and make the voyce of the Pope to bee the voice of the holy Ghost . And surely the Pope himselfe plainely shewes , that hee doubts his owne spirituall power of making unity , and therefore hee flyes to the grosse and materiall instruments of unity , the Sword and Faggot . And so calling downe fire on those that obey him not , if he have any spirit , it seems it is not that spirit which Christ said was the Evangelicall spirit of the Apostles , but rather of him which is called the Destroyer . And indeed , this device of man to make unity of faith by one man , called the Pope , being thus thrust into the place of the Spirit of God , as it proceeded from the spirit of errour , so hath it made unity in errour ( as the last , best of Popes , Gregory the Great did in a manner prophecie ) but it never will make unity in solide and universall Faith and Truth : for the beleevers in this counterfeit head of unity have both gotten from him an unity in many errors , and have beene left in many great and weighty differences , whereof there is little hope of resolving them into union : the sight whereof turnes our eyes from this humane and fictitious Head of unitie , to the true roote and meanes of unity , set forth by the Apostle . And , because this Author strives to put away from mens eyes the differences which arise under this false Head of union , let us shew him a more full spectacle of them , which may serve to prove that disunion which hee goes about to confute , and to confute that union which hee goes about to prove . SECT . II. Wherein severall heads and springs of division amongst the Papists are opened : 1. The controverted Supremacie of the Pope , or Councels . 2. Their affected ambiguity in deciding controversies . 3. The great number of Questions purposely left undecided . 4. The opposition betwixt the Preachers and publick Professors of that Church . IN the view of this division , wee may first take notice , That there is an opposition and division even betweene this supposititious Head of unity and his members ; and even in this radicall and head-point , Whether hee be the Head of unity or not : for the Head is divided from much of the Body ; and the Body within it selfe , even about the Head. The Pope hee will bee above the Councell , and the Councell is thought by many to bee above the Pope : And this hath beene decided by Councels , and by them the Councell was set above the Pope ; which indeed agrees much better with the Councell in the Acts , and with Saint Paul to the Ephesians lately alledged ; yea , it was made hereticall to deny this Supremacy of the Councell above the Pope : And if that the Head of unity bee divided into two , how can two Heads bring men onenesse ? yea , how can two Heads but divide the Church into two Bodies ? It is an undeniable truth , That two Masters , opposing each other , can never cause unity in their servants ; he that is at unity with some fellow-servants by cleaving to the one Master , is at division with others that cleave to the other : And they that ma●e the Councell the Head and root of unity , as the Councell of * Constance , and Basil , and many that followed them ( especially in France ) how must they not needs differ from those that make the Pope to be Head and Lord of unity , by a controlling power over the Councell ? And accordingly in those points which the Councell decreeth as by a supreme power , and the Pope againe dissolves as by a supreme power , how can Romists be at unity that are divided in the different beliefes of these two Supremacies ? Even in that point resolved in Basil , * That it is hereticall to beleeve the Pope not to be subject to the Councell , how is it possible that Romists should bee at unity , of whom a part beleeves , and a part beleeves it not ; yea , each seeme Hereticks thereby unto the other ? And thus , if in the roote of unity there bee division , how great is this division ? and who can shew how ever this division can bee reconciled by Romists ? For , if there be a free Councell , no doubt such a Councell will decree the Pope to be subject to it ; as they have good reason from Scripture and Antiquity . But if the Pope be free , and may command the Councell , who can expect but that the Pope shall judge for himselfe , and subject Councels to his headship and infallibility ? Behold the great Citie divided into great parts ; and division growing even from their roote of unity . Againe , many members of this Head of unity are at division about the Popes earthly Supremacy ; some hold that hee may onely excommunicate Kings , and then can doe no more , his power being meerly spirituall : others hold , that after excommunication hee can depose Kings ; yea , cause their subjects to kill them : a weighty controversie , and hardly to be decided amongst Papists , but onely by the unity of Kings agreeing together to depose Popes . Againe , in some things hee takes power to dispense ; and in the same things his Doctors say he hath not power to dispense : A paterne of which opposition we may plainly and actually see in the Popes Bull of Dispensation to Henry the eighth , for marrying his Brothers wife , and the Testimonies under Universitie Seales of the Doctors denying him the power of this Dispensation . These and the like questions concerning the power of this Head of unity , make division betweene the Head and members , and make division betweene the members themselves . Secondly , wee see divisions doe againe arise from this Head of unity , because this Head leaves many things of controversie so doubtfully decided in Councels , that their very decisions breed controversies : And what unity is to be expected from such a Head , who by decisions gives occasion of dissentions , and leaves division when he sits of purpose in his Chaire under pretence of making unity ? So wee know a Vega and Catharinus ( against Soto , and upon the Popes Decree in the Councell of Trent ) entred into mighty Controversies : and no wonder ; for it was a speciall craft in that Councell to use such generall words as might be large enough to hold two differing opinions in them , and so leave the controversies not reconciled , but still at liberty and distance . And now againe , where is that vaine shift , or rather blasphemous abuse of Scripture , in saying that Papists , by submission to the Popes Church , doe captivate themselves to the obedience of Faith , and so keepe unity , when the Pope having judged , and they submitting to his judgement , are yet in division ? What is this , but , by submitting to their meanes of unity , to be still at division ? If the Head of unity by deciding make division , how endlesse and incurable is that division ? Thirdly , This Head of unity leaves divers controversies wholly undecided ; so that , as it hath not been untold by some of his owne , hee doth as it were leave strife and division to them . In their Schoole ▪ writers bee farre more differences then disputations ; because divers in one disputation , and perchance in one neere a thousand disputations ; yea , in some points foure of five severall opinions , each confuting one another ; and these not of light matters only , but of many , if not of all the Cavaliers prime points , The catholick Church , Justification of soules , Communion of Saints , Purgatory , Indulgences ; Yea , Doctor Iohn White in his way to the true Church , Digr . 24. undertaketh to demonstrate , that there is no one point denied or affirmed against us , wherein Papists doe not vary amongst themselves ; and of these differences he gives there divers patternes : And many more are to bee seene in Bishop Mortons catholick Apologie . And this division hath bin so deadly , that we read that the Dominicans have charged the Franciscans with heresie : and the Franciscans at length had the burning of foure Dominicans . Let us hear a strong Dominican , and a cathedrall Professor describing the differences of these Romists , even to the charging one another with heresie : It often fals out , that one Divine doth most constantly affirm , that he hath a Theologicall demonstration for some point of doctrine , and that hee deduceth it by evident consequence from the sacred Scriptures , and the traditions of the Fathers : But then another on the contrary doth most certainly affirme , that hee hath a Theologicall demonstration that this is heresie , and an error in faith ; and that the contrary is deduced from scriptures by evident consequence . Hence he saith of the other , that hee erreth in the faith ; and the other retorts the same against him : yea this happeneth not only between two particular Divines , but between one Schoole and another . And indeede these dissentions , even to the imputation of heresie , doe shame the Pope , this infallible judge of controversies , for not resolving them ; and doe almost plainly confesse that he mistrusts his owne infallibilitie , and that he doubts it is scarce trusted by others ; for it is likely the feares either that hee shall not rightly resolve , or that both sides will not quietly submit , but that some of those who have that burning zeale which consumed the Dominican , will bee inflamed against him for his resolutions . Fourthly , even against decision there is opposition , and so are they at division , and particularly in that great and weightie point of Idolatrie : For that which the Romists call the second Councell of Nice , and acknowledge to be a lawfull Councell , saith plainely of Images thus , a Illis salutationes & honorariam adorationem tribuant , non tamen secundum fidem nostram veram Latriam , quae solum divinae naturae competit . So that b Lorca , after the producing of divers testimonies of this Councell , thus inferreth , Vis autem omnium testimoniorum consistit in hoc quod Imaginibus expressè conceditur adoratio , & expresse etiam eis negatur Latria : And soone after , c Concilium non solum excludit Latriam , sed explicat speciem adorationis ; dicit enim adorandas esse honoraria adoratione , & sicut Liber Evangeliorum . And hereunto agreeth Pamelius speaking of this Councell , as hath before beene alledged . Yet Latria , or divine worship being thus plainly , and , as Lorca 〈◊〉 , expre●sly denied to Images by the C●un●●ll , great and learned Romists plainly say that Latria , or divine worship is to be given to Images , even the same worship which is due to the patterne . So saith ●●zorius ; and e Bellarmine acknowledgeth that this was the d●ctrine of Alexander , Aquinas , Caj●t●ne , Bonaventure , Marsil●us , Almaine , Carthusian , Capreolus , and others : And accordingly wee reade f of a Doctor of Sivill questioned of Heresie for agreeing with the councell in denying Latria , contrarie to these Doctors . Upon that which hath beene said , I inferre , that our objection of Romish disunions yet stands firme , because there are maine disunions objected by us against Rome which this Author hath not touched , and so stand still strong against him : among which is eminent that incurable difference of headship it selfe , betweene the Pope and the Councell ; to which some adde the fearfull division of the Popedome , when in a schisme the Papacy is two or three headed , two or three sitting at once as heads of the Church ; and others adde the division of successive heads , the one denying and annulling the acts of the other . SECT . III. The weaknesse of the Cavaliers answers are manifested : First , for Romish differences are not onely of such points as are left at liberty by this Church . Secondly , their pretended religious orders are so many different Sects and Fashions in the Church . Thirdly , the distinction of explicite and implicite faith doth fortifie the Protestants objections and no way salve them . WHereas to our first objection of difference , concerning varietie of opinions in some points found in their Books , he gives this first answer ; That wheresoever they finde our Doctors to bee of a contrarie opinion , they shall also finde those points in question not to have beene defined by the Church , but left at libertie to bee debated and disputed as men see cause : This is plainly overthrowne by that which hath been produced in our fourth observation of Romish differences : For there wee see a point oppugned and denied by Romish Doctors which hath been defined ; yea , the power of the Councell above the Pope hath beene defined by Councels , and is denyed by Romists : To which I may adde , that the Popes a power hath beene bounded within the limits of a Patriarchate by divers Councells , which yet Romish Doctors doe not onely dispute against , but utterly deny . Besides , when they object one to another de Fide , The meaning of it in plaine English is this ; They tell their fellowes that they hold a point contrary to the definition or doctrine of the Church : And whereas hee speakes of unity by referring themselves to the future definition of the Church , this is no answer for the differences of those who do dispute and deny those points which by the Church are already defined ; for it were absurd to say , that they who doe now not submit to the definition of the Church , are ready to submit to it hereafter . Againe , for those points which have not beene defined , certaine it is that for the present they are at very hot contention and difference : and their resolving to obey the future definition of the Church , doth no whit prove their present unity , who are presently at division while the Church doth not by defining make unity betweene them : Two that have a question , and a quarrell upon the question , and upon this quarrell kill one another , may as well bee said to agree , because they both would referre themselves to the next man that comes ; Which man not yet coming , nor reconciling the difference , they in the meane time , notwithstanding this supposed future agreement , doe presently fight , and truly kill one another : Except by this Popish sleight wee may truly say that these men being at full agreement and unity were divided , and upon this division , which was indeede an agreement , did fight and kill one another : True it is that it is the more shame for the Pope who hath knowne these controversies of the Dominicans and others of a long time ; And , for a while * ( as Vasques saith ) did forbid them , but most wisely , ( though not like an infallible Head of unity ) deferres to resolve them , and so to set them at unity , but gives them leave still to dispute and differ ; being affraid perchance on one side to run against the chiefe Disciples of Evangelicall Thomas , and on the other side to lose the profit that comes by the many pretious consequences of free-will . Besides , when they be not agreed which is the Church that hath supreme power to decide controversies , whether the Pope be above the Councell or the Councell above the Pope ; and if the Pope be of one opinion and the Councell of another , how doth he that submits himself to the Church , by this submission put himselfe into a way of unity , or not rather of division ? And if such a submission make an unity , the Protestants are at unity much better then Romists ; for they submit themselves to the one and undivided word of God truly opened by Apostles and Pastors , endued with gifts from on high by the same spirit which endited it , and was given of purpose to cause unity of faith . And whereas hee gives a second plaister to that first objection of differences of points not defined , that they doe not breake unity of peace , nor erect Altar against Altar ; I say this plaister is much shorter then the sore ; for first there hath beene shewed a sore called difference in points defined , and points de fide : And , by the Authors rule , they that hold any one point of faith contrary to Romish definition , are not of Romish faith nor Church ; therefore if they bee of a divers faith or Church , their Altar is against the Romish Altar . Secondly , for their peace , notwithstanding these differences , I d●sire to know whether that should be called peace , when a Dominican is burned by Franciscans ; and a Canon in Sevill is condemned as an Heretick for a point either not defined , or defined for him , by the second Councell of Nice ? And againe , b what peace is that betweene the Priests and Jesuits , when the Priests call them Hereticks , Traytors , &c. Surely hereby it seemes the peace that is among such , is but a warre under the name of peace , and this name or title is forced by feare of the forged , but fiery and burning head of unity ; for even the infernall kingdome it selfe hath some bond of unity , though not of verity and charity . And accordingly the Papacy agreeth under a head called Abaddon , and Apollyon : And indeede this Author himselfe hath shewed us that where there is a difference in any point of faith , upon such a difference one should be to another as a Cerinthus to Saint Iohn : So that if they hold communion still , it seemes by his rule , it is not a spirituall but a carnall communion : b not a communion of Saints , but a communion that is faulty ; and whose fault is this , that it is a communion ? But I say againe to this Author , that his owne Answer will be turned against him as an unanswerable objection : For if Romists , being at such differences in opinions , can yet hold communion one with another ; why do they not hold the like communion with other Christians that maintaine the like differences ? But herein lies a mystery , and it is the mysterie of iniquity . And if the Reader know it not , I will bring him one that shall teach him ; c Lorca plainly tels him , that he is no heretick that beleeves contrary to any Article of faith , so he do not rebell against the Church : So the Pope ( the Church vertuall ) is the whole matter of Popish religion , and Popish unity ; Beleeve the Pope , and obey him in what hee saith upon his word , and though you beleeve not Christs word in any Article of faith , you have both faith and unity ; Disobey Christs command of beleeving the very Article of Christs Incarnation , if you beleeve the Pope , and bee the Popes good subject , you shall not be an heretick . Accordingly it is said of the Divines of d Coleine ; they held an hereticall opinion ( in that point which the Cavalier magnifies by calling it the Justification of souls ) yet they were not hereticks , but godly Catholicks . And of e Catharinus ; he held contrary to the Councell in the point of assurance , yet was a catholick Bishop : And others before named by Bellarmine , contrary to the Councell of Nice in the point of Image-worship ; yet in being good Papists , they are good Catholicks ; So the Pope is the summe of Popish religion and unity : And is it our unhappinesse , that , because we beleeve not in the Pope , but beleeve in Christ , our beliefe in Christ will not serve our turn for religion , unity , and salvation ? But now in his Answer to the second objection , somewhat like a right Cavalier of Rome , he runs at Tilt against Calvin , and thus he breaks his Lance on him : The next objection is yet more stupid then the former ; and I wonder how Calvins rage against the Church could put him so farre out of his wits , as that hee would ever take it into his mouth : For it is hee who ( being pricked with our noting their want of unity towards their fellow Brethren ) thinks to retort it back upon us , by saying that wee are not in case to object any such thing against them ; for asmuch as that forsooth wee have as many Sects among us , as we have severall Orders of religious men ; and then hee reckons up Benedictines , Carmelites , Dominicans , Franciscans , and whom he will. Wicked man , who well knew that none of these holy Orders doth differ in any point of doctrine from any of the rest ; and are so farre from breaking communion with them , as that still they prevent one another in all honour and good respect . All this wee must take upon his bare word , and his title also which he giveth to Calvin , wicked Calvin : yet well fare the honest Belgicks purgers ; for when Calvin was named , they , in stead of Calvin , did put in studiosus ; so , upon the matter , they called him not wicked , but studious Calvin : But why wicked Calvin ? because he knew that no one of those Orders doth differ in any point of doctrine . Did Calvin know this , or doth any man , yea , the Author himselfe yet know it ? We come but now from the differences of Jesuites and Priests , Dominicans and Franciscans , &c. And this Authour himselfe confesseth there , that each opposeth the contrary opinion by all arguments that occurre . Besides , it is no new nor strange objection , that divers covents have their severall Masters whom they follow . Againe , look on the Jesuites doctrine of killing Kings : doe all Friers agree in these doctrines , upon which much more justly may be cryed out , wicked Mariana , wicked Friar Clement , wicked Barradius , wicked Garnet ? doctrines , in my opinion , plainly contrary to the faith ; since the faith is plainly taught by the Scripture in this point : And I think more hereticall it is to deny and contradict such a point , being thus plainely taught in the Scripture by David , Solomon , Peter and Paul ; then to deny what the Pope hath decided by letters sent from Rome unto Trent . But will you see this Authors ingenuity ? hee accuseth Calvin , but produceth not the place whence hee taketh his accusation : the neerest place that I finde is not for the Authors purpose ; for there Calvin retorts not the want of unity of faith among the Friars , by the diversity of Sects among them : But Calvin shewes , That the Friars , by dividing themselves from others in the Sacraments and publick Assemblies , did dissolve the Communion of the Church , and depart from it , and excommunicate themselves : And he saies , that so many Ministeries as there be of this kinde , so many Assemblies of schismaticks ( he saies not hereticks , as differing in faith ) which , troubling the Order of the Church , are cut off from the lawfull fellowship of the faithfull . And , that this departing should not bee secret , they have given to themselves divers names of Sects : Neither were they ashamed to boast of that which S. Paul doth so much detest ; In stead of Christians wee heare some called Benedictines , some Franciscans , some Dominicans . So that here we find neither mention of Carmelites , nor indeed of differing in points of faith ; but of a schismaticall separation from other Christians by different sects , expressed by different names . And to them hee might have added Jesuits , who by a more neer separation have divided Jesus from Christ , and so themselves from Christians ; though , as it hath been told them ( and as it is said by a Pope from S. Paul ) all Christians are called ad societatem Iesu Christi , to the society both of Jesus , and of Christ , 1 Cor. 1.9 . But surely , if this be the Authors place in Calvin , it is likely hee hath either forgotten Calvin , or was not trusted with the reading of Calvin ; and some one that was trusted , but not trusty , told him it would serve his turne , and deceived him . As for the wonderfull wisdome which this Author speciously sets forth in the differences of those Order ; That wisdome is here come to passe which Solomon condemneth , when he saith , Be not wise over much : for humane wisdome hath so far wrought herein , that Orders have been multiplied far beyond the gifts of continency ; yea , above the good both of Church and Common wealth . And so far were they ( as this Author saith ) from stripping themselves from earthly incumberances to fly fast into heaven , that too much they stripped both Lai●y and Clergy of earthly maintenances , and therewith have made to themselves fleshly incumberances . But of this wisdome before hath been given to the Reader such a representation , that I think it appeared to him not to be spirituall , but carnall , earthly , and divelish , if not in the invention , yet in the execution ; and therefore for brevity thither I remit the Reader : Only I wish the Author would prove what hee saith by some place of Scripture ; That God inspired the Founders of Orders with severall spirits , and that there is a speciall spirit with which an Order was first endued ; especially if that Scripture were rightly applyed by Abbot Whitgift , That Monkery was a plant which the heavenly Father planted not , and therefore should bee pulled up by the rootes : Which Prophecie was soon after fulfilled in this Land. The Cavalier comes now to dismount a third objection of Protestants concerning Romish difference , which ariseth , as hee saith , in regard of the differences betweene learned and unlearned men : which hee assayeth to take away by a distinction of explicite and implicite faith , in this manner ; A man is said to have explicite faith of any article or doctrine , when he hath heard it particularly propounded to him , and hath some particular knowledge thereof , and gives particular assent thereunto : But as for implicite faith of any article or doctrine , a man is then said to have it , when hee beleeves that concerning it , which the Church teacheth them explicitely who are capable thereof , although for his owne part he have not perhaps so much as heard of it in particular ; or if he did , hee hath forgot it ; or if he did remember it , he hath not capacity enough to apprehend or understand it . And when he hath shewed this distinction , he labours with great vehemency to prove it , and affirmes , That without this it would be wholly impossible to maintaine any Church in any unity of faith at all : and finally concludes , That this sword of ours is turned into a buckler wherewith to defend them . First , for the pains he takes to make good this distinction , hee takes it to make good our objection , and so labours for us , and against himselfe ; for upon this distinction being grounded we ground our objection , and say ; that this distinction leaves even the like differences amongst Romists for which they accuse and damne us , and leaves no better unity among them then it leaves among us . And if thus , then it is both a sword in our hand to hurt them , and a buckler also to defend us against them : neither have they any buckler to defend themselves against this sword ; much lesse will this sword that wounds them , become a buckler to defend the wounds which it selfe gives . But the onely safe way is , with that King who comes with the weake side , to send Ambassadors for peace to the stronger . Now to shew that this distinction being strengthened doth strengthen our objection , and so is a true sword against Romists ; I say , That in those points of faith which are beyond the explicites or fundamentals , & are called implicites , there are differences among Romists as well as among us ; and these differences are not onely such as are discovered by the ell , by which the faith of the unlearned is found shorter then that of the learned , but the Cloth it selfe within the measure of the learned is torne into pieces , and the learned themselves doe differ in the beliefe of the said points among themselves as well as from the unlearned : And this hath bin shewed before , and is indeed a part of D. Whites undertaking formerly mentioned : I may instance in a point or two , a Transubstantiation is an Article of their new faith , and not usually reckoned among their explicites ; the one part of the learned hath beleeved that the substance of Bread being abolished , the Body of Christ is brought to the place of it ; another part beleeves that the substance of Bread is changed into the substance of Christs Body ; ( which I nothing doubt was the first meaning of this new doctrine ) each confutes either : And an unlearned man that stands by may easily ( being over-weighed with the reasons of both ) either beleeve neither , or somewhat else of his owne . And indeede I my selfe have asked one of their b Proselites whether he would chew or teare the body of Christ with his teeth ; and he told me that he did not think that their c Doctors would say it ; so also in the point of Image-worship , a matter of deepe consequence , and much concerning life and death , yet by them left among Implicites : One side of the Doctors holds a plaine worship of the Image of Christ with Latria , or divine honour ; and others hold this honour given properly to Images to be Idolatrie , and either give it improperly , or give an inferiour reverence , or no religious reverence at all . But the d unlearned man when he sees the Image set in Churches covered with gold , turning his head and eyes , weeping , & working miracls , saith , with the Lycaonians , Gods are common to us in the shape of men : and thinkes hee cannot worship God too much , and therefore doth it with all his soule and all his might , even with a perfect Idolatrie . Now , are not these differences of momēt among them in their Explicites ? many more such there are which it were , too tedious to repeat ; & indeed their differences must needs bee much more then ours , because many of their learned Explicites are errours , and in errours there can never bee a full agreement ; for , if any one hath that good spirit which maks discovery of them , he commonly is opposed and contradicted by the others errour ; as here , the not worshippers of the Image with divine worship , is opposed by the worshipper . Besides , he that is in the darke , and sees not what to beleeve , if he beleeve any thing , he can but beleeve an imagination of his owne , and not a reall ttuth ; and so must needs differ from him who seeth the truth , and beleeves it being seene : As for their unlearned who walke most in the darke , though sometimes it may happen two blinde men may stumble upon one path , yet it is impossible but that mostly they must differ in their opinions concerning that which they know not . And whereas our Author would faine make these differences to be an agreement by a resolution to beleeve what the Church teaches ; we have already shewed that this resolution doth no way make thē actually to agree that actually do disagree . And the Canon of Sivill , I think , would scarcely have beleeved the Inquisitors , if they had told him , Wee agree with you about Image-worship , because we both resolve to beleeve as the Church teacheth , though we condemne you for an Heretick because wee doe not agree . And indeede there is no possibility of making an actuall agreement in those lesser points , because of the different capacities and degrees of faith : And God in the Scripture hath not promised such an actuall agreement to all the members of the Church in all lesser points of doctrine ; for he hath not promised a full and uniforme discovery of them to all : Yea , a it hath been shewed out of your owne great Doctor Stapleton , by a Roman Catholick , that in the discovery of small points the Church is not infallibly directed : And even therefore I conceive that this distinction was first framed to give leave for that difference which necessarily followeth humane ignorance , and which ( even by the Cavaliers confession ) cannot be avoided in different capacities , and measures of faith : And yet having acknowledged such a necessity of this distinction , he both labours to deny the differences on his owne side , for which this distinction was necessarily made , and which the very making of it doth acknowledge ; and hee labours to accuse our differences which this distinction would excuse as well as his owne : So it is still a sword against Romists to confound them whilest they deny their owne differences ; neither can the forge of Rome ever turne it to a Buckler to defend them in this deniall : But it is a Buckler to us to defend us from their objecting of differences against us , seeing this distinction doth both acknowledge a necessity of some lesser differences , and so excuseth us . And thus may wee come to a sight of the unity of faith in the Church ; For in the explicites , that is , in fundamentalls of absolute necessitie which knit unto Christ the foundation , there is and ought to be an unity ; and this substantiall unity may cover the incurable differences in the lesser implicite points being held by Infirmity , and not with Contention , Scandall , and Schisme : For unity in fundamentalls doth take away the damning censure of differences in lesser points when there is a will of beleeving right in these points , but a want of power to attaine this beliefe . And so these differences in lesser points not being put upon account for the will of unity in them , and for the reall unity in fundamentalls , this reall unity in fundamentalls is accounted an entire , or at least a solid and saving unity : So that the unity is not to be reckoned from this , that all doe actually agree in this beliefe of all lesser points , ( for in divers of these points divers doe necessarily differ ; ) but because their unity in fundamentalls , and a will of unity in these lesser points wherein they differ ( the imputation of smaller differences being thus taken away ) are accounted to them for an entire , or at least for a sufficient unity . And this truth is in not much unlike Tearmes to bee seene in Tertullian : a Regula quidem fidei una omninò est , sola immobilis , & irreformabilis , credendi scilicet in unicum Deum , omnipotentem mundi conditorem , & Filium ejus Iesum Christum , &c. But hereof more must bee said in the following Chapters , wherin the Author brings us to fundamentalls , being himselfe indeed necessarily brought to them by this former distinction of Explicites and Implicites ; yet hee goes about to fight against that unity which is established by this distinction , and against the distinction which himselfe hath established , and so will bee accounted a Trespasser by destroying what hee hath built ; but indeede this distinction being resisted by him , will resist and overthrow him . In the meane time this stands still firme and unremoved , That the Romists have great , sharp and weighty differences among them , as weighty , if not farre weightier then Protestants ; and therefore they want charity to Protestants in damning Protestants for such differences , while for the like or greater differences , even de fide , they are bountifull to give salvation each to other : and this they doe because they are servants of one Master the Pope ; whose service wee wanting should indeed be no more hated for this freedome , then Israel for being delivered out of the bondage of Egypt : Yet both then and now wee see the Egyptians make after us with violence and malice , hating us for no other fault but for our freedome from Egypt : But God that then beganne , and after made good his worke of deliverance , I hope will do it also for us , and he will be above them , even in that wherein they were proud above us ; and cover the Sea of Rome , the mother of uncharitablenesse , with a Sea of confusion . CHAP. X. Containing an answer to the Cavaliers eighth Chapter , wherein he quarrells at the distinction of Fundamentall , and not Fundamentall : and is divided into three Sections . SECT . I. First , Sheweth the Protestants separation from Rome to bee reasonable , though it bee true that some in the Church of Rome may bee saved . Secondly , That the Papists are the faulty causes of that separation . A City generally infected with the plague , and a few persons onely being free , will it bee thought a reasonable question to bee proposed to some that flye from this City , Why doe yee flye , since you know and acknowledge that all are not infected to death , but some live in this City ? But if the King of that Citie should banish all that should say that the Plague were in the Citie , yea , would put them to death ; were it not yet a farre more unreasonable question to aske those who had given out such a report , Why doe you flye that are banished ? and , Why doe you flye that must die if you flye not ? Yet such are the questions of this Author in the head of this Chapter , of which , it seemes , that the repetition might serve for a confutation . It is the acknowledgement and complaint of a a sonne of the Church of Rome , The chiefe cause of the calamitie of the Church is to bee ascribed unto them , who being puff'd up with the vaine pride of Ecclesiasticall power , have proudly and contemptuously despised and driven away those who rightly and modestly admonished them , &c. And againe , Those who speake to them of amendment , that exhort them to bee healed ; yea , that offer their helpe to effect it , they not only cast out , and drive from the fellowship of the Church ; but also in many places have judged them miserably to be slain : which thing seem ; to have given the occasion of this wretched schisme . See here Rome diseased , and her healers cast out that tell her of her diseases , yea , cruelly slaine . And now , if the Author be not ashamed , let him aske why Protestants fly from Rome ; yea , let him aske of Saint Iohn the Divine , why men should go out of Babylon , that they may not be partakers of her sins , nor of her plagues ; and of Christ himselfe , if they persecute his members in one City , why should they fly into another ; and of the blinde man in the Gospel , why doe you stay out of the Synagogue when you are cast out ? Surely , when the Author useth these questions , what will his Readers think , but that hee is very unreasonable to have Protestants stay where they are cast out , or where they must bee spiritually or corporally slain for staying ? This unreasonablenesse of his puts me in mind of a Captain , who espying his enemy going up Ludgate hill faster then hee could follow him , having drawn his sword , called out to him , and sware that if he did not stay , he would kill him ; but the other beleeved that if he had stayed hee should bee killed , and therefore went away the faster : So this Cavalier , when the Pope drives out Protestants before him with excommunications , pestilence , fire and sword , hee cries after them that they shall bee damned if they stay not , whereas they doubt that they shall be damned and killed if they stay : indeed , this was a great fault of theirs , that they did not stay to be killed , that , by taking their death patiently , the Pope might goe on with selling Indulgences and his other merchandizes quietly . Yet may you heare the Cavalier even cholerick in such unreasonable questioning ; With what colour could certain single , base , and filthy men have presumed to depart from the visible Catholick Church of Christ our Lord , and to erect their conventicles as they did , if they had not at least professed that they could not finde salvation there ? Where first wee acknowledge the titles to be of the Authors meere bounty , out of a Romish Treasurie of charity mistaken ; and because they beare the superscription of Rome , we send them back to Rome , as being theirs and not ours . But secondly , wee deny that they departed from the catholick Church ; for , in the second Chapter , we have shewed that Protestants have still communion with the catholick Church ; they fled not from health , but from the plague ; not from salvation , but damnation ; not from the whole , but from the sick : Neither did they fly only , but were cast out and banished ; and not only cast out , but in danger of death if they stayed , except they would deny that the plague of Rome was a disease . The remnant that hath salvation there they pity , and love as their living brethren in a deadly Pesthouse , or Israel in Egypt , sweating under the burdens of brick , and under the whips of Egyptian and Romish Taske-masters . And whereas the Cavalier speaks of Conventicles , to his griefe , hee sees that they are not shut up in private Conventicles , but have obtained large Congregations : And being excommunicated from the Romish Synagogue , as the blind man from the Jewish , Iesus hath found a them , and vouchsafed his communion to them ; and he not onely converseth with them , but teacheth them : he hath taught their Teachers by giving them gifts from on high , and hee hath taught the hearers by writing his Lawes in their hearts ; he hath given them the spirit of prayer and praise ; and they have prayed heartily against Babylon , her Idolatries , Invasions , Treasons ; and being heard , they have given prayses for the ruines of Babylon , and the deliverances of Sion : and having such encouragements from Iesus , can you blame them if they meet in Congregations where Iesus thus meets with them , and is in the midst of them with his grace and blessings ? As for this Nation ( whom this Authors words , by the language hee writes in , should chiefly concerne ) wee have a true Church , and an orderly Reformation , Cassander , a better Romish b Author , being Judge . And whereas the Cavalier accuseth at once both our straightnesse and our largenesse ; That being fallen into straights , wee become so bountifull and large , as to affirme , that the differences betweene us concerne not the fundamentall points ; and that Romists may bee saved . I thinke that the Author may misleade his Reader both in our straights and our largenesse ; for we are at large where he counts us in straights , and wee are straighter then his words of our largenesse would seeme to import : for few Protestants , that I know , doe say without limitation , That Romists generally may bee saved ; yea , our Author himselfe will not suffer them to bee saved , though they hold fundamentals : for , if they hold them by a humane faith , because the Pope , their friend , tels them so , his owne doctrine will not suffer them to bee saved . But indeed , for those that beleeve fundamentals by a supernaturall faith , wee doe say , that they may bee saved by this faith . But of this in the former Chapter wee have spoken more fully ; onely let this Authour know , that wee doe it not for any straights ( as hee would perswade ) but out of largenesse , even largenesse of veritie and charitie ; and I may returne the saying of Saint Paul to all true beleevers , even in Sodome and Egypt , Yee are not kept straight in us , but in your selves : for a recompence , bee yee therefore enlarged ; for wee justly expect a returne of the like acknowledgement of our salvatiom from all true members of Christ , and say , That the denyall of it , according to the Authours words , Layes an heavie charge of uncharitablenesse upon the denyers . SECT . II. The Cavalier is angry at the distinction of matters fundamentall or not fundamentall : 1. Because some Popish vanities are thereby excluded . 2. Because the Popes power to make sleight matters fundamentall is denyed . HEe goes on both to cleare and condemne us in this which followes : This discourse of theirs , and their standing so much upon fundamentall points of faith in the sense which they use , is a meere Chimera ; but it is frequented by them through an high kinde of craft : For , though it bee most true , That some doctrines are in themselves of farre more importance then some others , because the knowledge thereof may bee necessary for the performance of some duty which is required at our hands ; or else because they may containe the very heads , and first grounds of Christianity more then others doe , and therefore doe exact a more explicite beliefe at the hands of Christians , and consequently may be accounted in some respests more fundamentall , &c. Here , though they seeme to accuse us of an high craft ▪ and of a Chimera ; yet withall , thus farre hee acknowledgeth our Truth , and cleareth it from being a Chimera , That some doctrines are of farre more importance then some others , containing the very heads and first grounds of Christianitie more then others doe , and therefore doe exact a more explicite beliefe , and consequently may bee accounted , in some respects , more fundamentall . This I desire the Reader to observe , because this confirmeth that which hath beene formerly spoken concerning the agreement between Fundamentals and Explicites , and must serve hereafter for a Confutation of his owne objections against Fundamentals . In the meane time , that which paines him for the present is this , That wee doe not beleeve every Decree or Errour of the Pope , as well as these important grounds of Christianitie : for thus hee presently subjoyneth , There is no doctrine at all concerning Religion , the beliefe whereof is not fundamentall to my salvation , if the catholick Church propound and command mee to beleeve it . So the Cavaliers quarrell against us is this , That wee doe not make the worship of Images , kindred of Gossips , and such popish vanities , fundamentall to our salvation , as the Articles of the Trinity , and Christs Incarnation . A fearfull blasphemy , and which should make his heart hate his hand for writing it : but they well deserve to bee given up to the beliefe of such impious errours , who receive not the love of the truth revealed in the word with du● estimation : For such will easily equall the word of Man to the word of God , and will not suffer the word of God to stand for a sufficient saving verity , nor a sufficient ground of unity , except man give his word for the word of God , and Man add his word to the word of God : For ▪ if the Pope give his word for a doctrine contained in Gods word , then his Popish disciples must receive it ; and untill that they may without heresie not beleeve it : and if the Pope adde his word to the word of God , Gods word is not a sufficient ground of unity , but the unity made by that word is to be torne in pieces , if withall we do not joyne the word of the Pope in one beliefe with it . Thus is the Pope made Christs Rivall , and takes the faith of the spouse from her husband to himselfe . And so , whereas he would accuse us of an high craft , our craft is no other then that simplicity of S. Paul , by which hee did labour to espouse the Church as a chaste Virgin to one Husband which was Christ : But this Romish doctrine is the very craft of the old Serpent and Dragon , which goes about to seduce Eve ( the patterne of the Church ) from her Husband , and to marry her to the Pope , or rather to make her his Adulteresse . But let him remember , Whoremongers and Adulterers ( especially such great ones ) God will judge ; Yet this would hee approve by that which followes : For there is no errour in faith , which may not bee made damnable by the manner of holding it , when it is done so obstinately as that in defence thereof a man denyes the authority of the Catholick Church . But briefly I answer ; First , that the Church cannot make a point of faith of that which is none . Secondly , Stapleton tells us that the Church hath no promise to bee infallibly directed in the decision and resolution of small or light points , and so the Church not having this infallible direction , cannot have authority to make such points fundamentall , nor to command faith to them where she hath no infallible direction in them . Thirdly , the Church in these lesser points not having this authority , hee doth not disobey the authority of the Church who beleeveth not these points which she hath no authority to command as points of faith . Fourthly , if the Church were this foundation , and could make a point fundamentall , yet the Pope , and his confederacy for whom this Author fights , is not the Church . Fifthly , the same Popish Church hath taught and propounded many grosse errours and untruths for points of doctrine , which are so farre from being fundamentall to salvation , that they shake the very foundation , and so are rather fundamentall to damnation . But here I cannot but complaine of this Author in that hee useth craft , which himselfe accuseth ; for , while he goes about to lay the Pope ( the Chimera of Rome ) for a foundation of faith , hee names him not in his whole booke , but still tells us of the catholick Church , let him come forth plainly out of his Covert , and shew us his catholick Church , even the Pope and his adherents , if he be not ashamed of them ; and not thus draw disciples to a fancy , and a piece of Poetry , under the reall and reverend name of the catholick Church . But this may serve as a caveat to the Reader , that the Cavalier tells us of the Church , when the Pope is his errand . Another point whereof he seemes to be ashamed is the worship of Images , which he never reckons among the doctrines of difference ; but , if it please him , he may now fitly conjoyne them together , and then his discourse may runne thus : If the Pope decree the worship of Images , it may be fundamentall to salvation , if with the deniall of Idolatrie the Popes authority bee denyed : Yet our Author having spoken that which is proved to be fearfully untrue in his sense , ( that what the Pope and his conspiracy under the name of the catholick Church doe propound , and command to be beleeved is fundamentall ) he is bold to say , This ( untruth ) is unanswerably proved by the meere catalogues of heresies which have beene made by severall Fathers of the Primitive Church , and especially by S. Austin , in his Treatise ad quod vult Deum : which I have toucht before , and which I earnestly exhort my Reader to peruse at large . This is so farre from being unanswerable , that it hath beene answered ; and our Author can never make it good that those points , which hee acknowledgeth to be of little importance in themselves ; were there declared to bee fundamentall , for being obstinately maintained against the decision & command of the Pope and his Councell , e●ther private , or publick ; so that the Author onely makes up with boldnesse and undertaking , what hee wants in evidence and proofe . And , as in the following piece hee preferres his Reader to the sixth and fifth Chapters , so I also referre him to the answer of those Chapters ; and there , besides other solutions , hee may see that the example of Saint Cyprian makes mightily against the Popes authority , since it plainly appeares that Saint Cyprian did hold the Popes fallibilitie , when he plainly held the contrary to that which the Pope had decided . And thus , being put besides his premisses , hee is also deprived of his conclusion : The distinction of points of faith into fundamentall and not fundamentall doth stand still in such full truth and power ; that the unbeliefe of points not fundamentall doth not presently forfeit salvation , though the same points bee decided by the Pope , and his conspiracy ; much lesse doe worship of Images , Prayer in an unknowne tongue , salvation by merits , the Popes supremacy ( especially taken for a foundation of faith ) though decided and commanded by the Pope , cause damnation by being unbelieved , but rather by being believed . SECT . III. The Papists as much bounden to declare their Explicites , as the Protestants their Fundamentalls . This distinction may bee rightly used for the manifestation of our union with the Fathers , to prove the perpetuall visibilitie of the Church , professing the same Fundamentalls with us ; but unjustly objected as a ground of our severitie against Papists , who are punished here as Traytors , for overthrowing the foundations of State ; not as Hereticks for contradicting the foundations of Faith. HEe goes on : I should bee glad to know of the Authors of this distinction , what points of their faith which are controverted betweene them and us , or betweene the Lutherans and them , are fundamentall , and which are not fundamentall ; Then he sayes , That a fundamentall point being such , that whosoever beleeves it not cannot be saved ; there is nothing which more imports a man exactly to learne , then what is fundamentall , and what not , and yet there is absolutely no one thing which hath beene so frequently and so importunately desired , as that they would give in some exact List or Catalogue of all and the onely fundamentall points of faith ; and yet there is no one thing wherein wee are so little satisfied , and which upon the matter they doe so absolutely refuse ; And yet ( as hath beene here expressed ) if according to their grounds , a man should faile of beleeving any one fundamentall point of faith , by his not knowing ( through their fault ) that the point which he beleeved not was fundamentall , hee must bee sure to perish , and that for ever . First to his question , what are fundamentalls , and what not , hee ought to give an answer himselfe ; for hee himselfe hath told us , Page 74. That some doctrines are of farre more importance then others , because they may containe the very heads and first grounds of Christianitie more then others doe , and therefore exact a more Explicite beliefe , and consequently may bee accounted in some respects more fundamentall . It being then acknowledged by him , that there are such doctrines of farre greater importance then others , that exact a more Explicite beliefe , and are more fundamentall ; why doth hee not answer himselfe concerning that which himselfe affirmeth , and yet withall questioneth ? Let him truly tell us , or himselfe if hee please , which are those doctrines of more importance , that containe the heads of Christianity , and are more fundamentall , and give us a List of them , and wee may tell him or hee may tell himselfe an answer to his question : And then also may he by this List , as by a Touchstone and Rule , finde what differences betweene us and any others are fundamentall and not fundamentall . So that hee being herein ingaged himselfe , either hee hath spoken that whereof hee cannot give an account , or else askes of us an account of that which hee knowes , and wherein hee can answer himselfe . And indeede the a Authors owne partners or rather leaders , have layd the foundation of these fundamentalls in their Explicites : for their Heads , Articles , and Grounds of Religion to which they require an Explicite beliefe , are such as those which we call fundamentall ; yea , not onely wee but the Author himselfe calleth such points more fundamentall , and his owne Priests b call them positively fundamentall . Besides , the very rules of faith mentioned and rehearsed by c Tertullian and d Irenaeus , and other Fathers e , the Symboles and Creeds of Nice ▪ other Councels , and of Athanasius , and Lirinensis his precipua Capita , or chiefe Heads ( yea , hee hath the word fundamentall ) are summes and acknowledgements of such fundamentals . And now how can this Authour either bee so farre uncatechised as not to know such grounds of Religion , or call Protestants the authours of this distinction ? and how can hee object any thing against Protestants , or require any thing of them , but object the like against his owne Teachers ; yea , against the Fathers of the Church , and require the like of them ? Accordingly , how can hee aske an exact List and Catalogue of Fundamentals of Protestants more then of Fathers , yea , of his owne Doctors and Masters ? And indeed , let him bring an exact List and Catalogue of all the onely Articles of Faith contained in the Fathers rules of faith , and an exact List of all and the onely Explicites of the Romists ; and hee may quickly receive a Catalogue of our Fundamentals . But this Authour is here againe exceedingly out of his way , and that the Title of his Chapter might tell him by the warinesse of it ; for his businesse is not to deny a distinction of fundamentals and not fundamentals , in regard of greater or lesser importance of the Articles themselves ; but , this being granted , to adjoyne and superedifie ; that , though this distinction doe stand , yet even points of lesser importance , and in themselves not fundamentall , may bee made fundamentall by the command and authority of the Pope : So that his quarrelling at this distinction is not onely a quarrell from his errand , but a quarrell against the Fathers , and a quarrell against himselfe , and against his fellow-Romists : and if hee make quarrels against himselfe and his fellowes , why may wee not leave them and him to make up their owne quarrell among themselves ? And accordingly , whereas this Authour makes a fearfull noyse how dearely it concernes men to know which are fundamentals , wee might turne him to get an answer for this out-cry from himselfe and his fellow-Romists , yea , from the Pope himselfe ; for Romists say , that the Explicites are such points , that hee who doth not know them cannot bee saved : Then the Authours terrible words doe thus warfare against himselfe ( putting Explicites for Fundamentals ) That there is nothing in all Christian Religion which imports a man more exactly to learne , then what are these Explicites , without the knowledge whereof none can bee saved : And an exact List and Catalogue should be given of these Explicites , which yet the infallible Pope hath never given to his Papists : So that if a Papist should faile of beleeving an Explicite , by not knowing it to bee an Explicite , hee must be sure to perish , and that for ever . Yet the Cavalier ( in wrath and warre against unity ) proceeds further in fighting against his owne confessed and undeniable distinction of Explicites and Fundamentals ; and hee so proceeds , that it may easily bee seene that his anger puts out the eye of his judgement , or carryes him beyond the kenne of it : For thus hee saith , Whereas , if either they framed not the distinction of Fundamentals at all , or else would clearly let men know which points alone were fundamentall ; then this would follow , That whensoever wee should convince them in any particular Doctrine which is denyed by them , and which yet was beleeved by the ancient Fathers , they would bee obliged to confesse , that either that point was not fundamentall , which would dis-able them from railing at us for beleeving the same ; or else that the Fathers were of a different Religion in fundamentall points from them , and that in their owne opinion those very Fathers could not bee saved : which would put them to much prejudice another way . Here leaving to the Authour his owne terme of railing , ( wherein I wonder hee should delight , but that I see elsewhere hee takes pleasure in the mentioning of scurrill and blasphemous Invectives ) I say , that some errors bee not fundamentall which are found in the Fathers , and now maintained by Romists : yet wee are not disabled by this distinction to reprove Romists for them ; for wee doe not say in this distinction , that no errours should bee reproved but those which are fundamentall , for even lesser errours are to bee reprehended ; but wee say , that these errours in lesser points doe not breake the unity which by greater and more fundamentall points is made betweene Christ and his members , and betweene the members themselves . And secondly , wee say , that Romists are much more to bee reproved if they hold any errours of the Fathers now in controversie betweene us ; for these controverted errours have beene now by the Scriptures more evidently discovered to bee errours ; and it is a thing farre more worthy of blame , if a man should runne into a ditch by day , then if he should stumble into it by night . But whatsoever exactnesse this Authour may require or imagine in this distinction , this exactnesse being granted , it will never make it to appeare , that wee differ from the unanimous beliefe of the Fathers in the maine points mentioned in their rules of faith , now called Fundamentals . And for his Argument concerning the Lutherans , it doth not endanger us ; for , if the Lutherans should bee found by this distinction to differ from us in these fundamentall points which should unite them to Christ , it is no hurt to us to renounce the communion of those who renounce communion with Christ. And on the other side , if by it they bee found to differ from us in points not fundamentall , it would bee no danger nor just disreputation to us to avow those points , wherein wee differ , not to bee fundamentall : but wee will much rather disavow the quarrels which are made where there is no fundamentall difference . The period which followes , as farre as it is a true Narration of our way of making peace by this distinction with the Fathers and the Lutherans , is a commendation both of the distinction , and our peace-making by it . But , by the way , I deny , That Romists have brought us from denying via facti ; That the Fathers taught the doctrine of Praying to the Saints , or for the dead , in the sense and manner of Rome ; for the Fathers did not unanimously teach praying to Saints ; I am sure Saint a Augustine , who was above 400. yeers after Christ , doth deny Saints to know ordinarily the affaires of the living which happen after their decease . And for prayers for the dead in Purgatorie , the Cavalier cannot shew a good patterne for more yeares then the former . As for the difference in the number of Canonicall Bookes ( which it seemes this Author is sorrie that it is not avowed to bee fundamentall ) it is not altogether new , but ancient ; and wee see it at this day in the Syriack : and it were pitie to cut off from salvation all the Churches and Fathers which ever differed in this number ; yea , b he must damne many Romists , if hee will make this difference fundamentall : They that beleeve all necessary saving truths , though they bee not fully perswaded that just so many Books were wholly indited by some one of the Apostles or Evangelists , I know now how this Author may damne them , if these saving truths being beleeved doe save them : sure I am , that in their owne Explicites , or points of importance , which wee call fundamentall , and they say must bee knowne and beleeved under paine of damnation , they doe not mention any names , much lesse the number of Canonicall Bookes : So , it seemes , by their owne doctrines , the names and full number of the bookes of Scripture are none of their owne Explicites and Fundamentals ; but other points beleeved may serve to save such beleevers : And , if such may bee saved though they know b not the set number of Books ; why would you have us to breake unitie for a point , the not explicite knowing and beleeving whereof , in your owne doctrine , doth not exclude salvation ? Hee goes on , and objects a second good use that wee make of points fundamentall , which is a proofe of the visibility of our Church . And true it is , That if there have beene still a visible Roman Church , which hath held points fundamental , until the Reformation begun by the Protestants , then is that visibility since that time still continued by us . The former we leave to the Romists to prove for their owne sakes ; and the later we can very easily prove for our selves : And whereas hee repeats ( but confutes not ) that some of ours have said , that there is no necessity that the Church must have been continually visible : I tell him , that if this were an absurd Doctrine ( as he terms it ) they were led to this absurdity with a great shew of reason . For ( not to run out at large into the common place of visibility ) when a Lirinensis saith at the deluge of Arianisme , The whole Romane Empire was fundamentally overthrowne and removed : And we reade elsewhere the b Pope himselfe was turned Hereticke , where was the visibility of the Cavaliers Romish Church it selfe ? But I need not to dwell much on the defence of this doctrine , because he only confutes it by the Epithite Absurd ; and because that which followes next most concernes the present businesse ; though this also is a rehearsall and not a confutation : Some few of them affirme ( when they are urged by us to shew that visible Church of theirs ) that theirs and ours doe make but one true Church , and so in shewing the visibilitie of ours , they doe withall ( as they say ) shew their owne to have beene visible . And these men tread in this way , because they well know that no other Church but ours can indeed be shewed to have beene visible through all ages since Christ our Lord. But I must here deny his repetition , if by the word Church he meane the Pope , and those that have made him the foundation of their faith ; for these and ours , wee say not to be one Church with us , because they have changed the foundation : But if you meane those that by beleeving fundamentalls have fastned their faith on Christ the true foundation , wee allow That our Church hath beene one with them , and hath been visible in their visibilitie ; yet avoyding this , That hee can ever prove that other Churches have not beene as truly and continually visible as Rome ; for it will still trouble the Author to shew that the Churches of Greece and Africk , have bin lesse truly visible then Rome , since the Primitive times of their first conversion . And now this Autho● , being past our use of fundamentalls for visibility , yet walkes on , though beyond his right businesse : but hee that is out of the way in his maine matter of making division to excuse Romish uncharitablenesse , may well walke into by-wayes in his prosecution of it : yet I cannot deny that hee hath two Errands ; one to bring forth a jest upon our Fox and his followers , under the names of Fox and Geese : But , if it had pleased this Author duly to follow this Fox in the reading of his Martyrologie , he might have found out the true Fox that followes , and teares , and destroyes those whom our Author by a new Metamorphosis , and Romish transubstantiation hath changed into Birds . His second Errand he thus expresseth ; I finde , when they are put to name their particular Professors of former ages , they doe but muster up those severall single false doctrines which have bin held by other heretiks by Retaile , during ten or twelve 〈◊〉 since Christ our Lord : many of which doctrines togeth●r themselves doe now professe in grosse ; for what other men of former times did they ever or can they ever name , as men of their Religion , but such as beleeved some one or two of those hereticall doctrines which now themselves embrace , and wherein they are contrary to us . But all this , as it is not very pertinently brought in , to excuse Romish uncharitablenesse , so it is not very truly objected ; for wee can prove our doctrines ( which hee calls heresies ) by the Fathers and Scriptures , and the Scriptures he cannot deny have beene beleeved above twelve ages . Besides , Popish Authors doe acknowledge that the Waldenses agree with Protestants in more a then one or two doctrines ; for they are said to bee more then twenty wherein wee agree with them : And though afterward this Cavalier affirmes it , yet hee proves not that for other points these were expresse hereticks in the Protestants opinion ; neither doe we hide any fundamentall errours in them which we object against Romists . But if these had not beene in the world , it is most true that the maine point of Popery , which is the Popes tyrannicall headship of the Catholick Church , the very root of Idolatries , errours and divisions , hath in b all ages been denyed since it was first broached . But our Author is still much displeased with fundamentalls , because by them wee have unity with those who have heretofore differed in some doctrines from their Papacy ; for saith he , If it were not for this distinction , no man could bee of the same Religion with any other that is not wholly of the same Religion : so farre forth at the least as that he must not obstinately deny any one doctrine thereof , whether it bee important more or lesse , when once , as hath beene said , it is lawfully and sufficiently propounded and commanded to bee beleeved by the true Church ; as it is true and certaine when Luther rebelled from the Church of Christ our Lord , nor in any age before his time , there was in the whole world any one Kingdome , or Countrey , or City , or Town , or Family of men , or Pastours , or Flock , yea or any one single person so much as of Luthers own , & much lesse of the now Protestant Religion , which is now forsooth so farre refined beyond his . Here , the Cavaliers true Church being that confederacie whereof the Pope is the head , hee would faine dissolve that solid unity which is made by fundamentals in Christ Jesus the true head , to mak a fictitious unity in the Pope : But if hee should cast off this onely true and substantiall ground of unity , which knits together all the sound Churches that are at this day , or ever have been through all Nations on the face of the earth since our Saviour , to make an unity by agreeing , under paine of damnation , in all points propounded and commanded by the Pope and his Church of Rome , whether important more or lesse , hee shall not onely by this meanes breake the unitie of all the true Churches on earth into pieces , but of Rome it selfe : For ( to returne almost his owne words ) Since the Pope , who hath rebelled against Christ , and usurped the Headship of the Church , first coined and established a Religion in Trent , neither then , nor in any time before , there was in the whole world any one Kingdome or Country , or City , or Towne , or Family of men , or Pasture , or Flocke , yea or any one single person , who by a supernaturall Faith , which this Authour onely approves , did imbrace the whole body , and every Article of the Trent Religion . Yea even at this day it is not received in divers parts that beare the name of the Church of Rome , much lesse in Greece , Armenia , Syria , Ethiopia , most of which either know not , or acknowledge not this Councell , nor the Popes Supremacie . All these therefore refusing any of these Articles , must be torne in pieces from the body of Christ , and cast into Hell fire . Thus the Scarlet Whore , drunke with the bloud of the Saints , speaks in the right voice of the Harlot , If she may not have the whole childe , let it bee cut in pieces : Let the Church be distracted and damned , if the Pope may not be her Lord and her Tyrant . And so whereas Christ was a head that gave himselfe to death , to save his body from damnation ; is not hee an Antichrist that throwes the body of Christ into hell and damnation , to make himselfe the head ? But in a third place hee objecteth not an use of ours , but an abuse of his owne : For hee abuseth his Reader in saying to him , That the making of this distinction betweene Fundamentall , and not Fundamentall points of Faith , and the resolving not to declare which is which , doth save them with a great part of the ignorant world from the imputation of rigour in their proceeding with us . For how could they persecute as they doe , without extreme note of cruelty ? But neither the making nor hiding of Fundamentalls is the cause of prosecuting Romists in this Kingdome , but the cause of their punishment hath been their owne making of Treasons , miraculously revealed by Gods goodnesse , notwithstanding their hiding , even in the vaults and depths of the earth . And though there were no Fundamentalls of Religion , but only Fundamentalls of State ; the Fundamentalls of State are very plain , and cannot well be hidden , which justifie the execution of Rebells and Traitours . But of this some proofe hath been given in the beginning of this Booke , and the Authour will call for more towards the end . As for that which followes , Yea , or even , how could they dissent without apparent impiety from our beliefe and practice of those Doctrines wherein wee have had , and still have prescription of so many ages , if the contrary thereof should be confessed by themselves not to be Fundamentall ? It is so weak , that I wish that some childe , and not the Cavalier , had spoken it to save his reputation : For , will any man say that it is impiety to dissent from others in ancient errours , though these errours be not Fundamentall ? Tertullian might have taught our Authour much more wisdome , who , upon the custome of an errour not very Fundamentall , thus saith , b They that have received the holy Ghost , preferre truth before custome . SECT . IIII. Sheweth the differences amongst Popish Divines about their Explicites or Fundamentals ; with some reasons of those differences : and directions for discerning fundamentall points from others . THe Cavalier thus goes on : It is more then probable , that one reason why they are so unwilling to give in any Catalogue of the fundamentall points is , Because they know so well how ridiculous they would make themselves by the infinite variety of their Catalogues . For , if it be so familiar with them to bee of different mindes concerning particular doctrines , how much more would they bee so in this , which is a roote of many branches , or rather a monster of many heads ; and so there can bee no doubt , but that some of them would not bee more resolute in restraining the fundamentall points into a narrow compasse , then others would bee in enlarging them into a broader . The Authour here goes about to make the Fathers , yea , himselfe and his owne partners ridiculous ; for , if varietie in the Catalogues of Fundamentals , or chiefe heads and grounds of Christianity bee ridiculous ; how shall the Fathers escape the merriments of this Authour ? Yea , how shall himselfe and his owne partners not bee mocked by himselfe ? For it is plaine , that neither Irenaeus nor Tertullian , in sundry patternes of the rule of Faith , doe enumerate Articles just of the same number and breadth . Neither doe the three usuall Creeds hold equall measure by the Authours ell ; yea , let the Authour himselfe , who confesseth that there are such Heads and Grounds of Christianity more fundamentall , make a Catalogue of these Heads , and hee can never agree with all his fellowes , who agree not among themselves . And thus , if hee will looke into this glasse , hee may see himselfe laughing at himselfe : And indeed , if the Reader will peruse the Romists where they write of their Explicites , they may see the same variety wherewith the Cavalier here makes himselfe merry ; some contracting them into a narrower , some enlarging them into a broader compasse : And to save labour to the Reader , I will here give him a Modell of this variety : b Bellarmine saith , That there are some things in Christian Doctrine , as well of faith as of manners , which are simply necessary to all unto salvation , as the knowledge of the Articles of the Apostles Creed , tenne Commandements , and some Sacraments ; other things not being so necessary , that without their explicite knowledge , and faith , and profession , a man may not bee saved . But c Vasques thus differs from Bellarmine in some Articles of the Creede ; There are ( saith hee ) some Articles in the Apostles Creed , and the other of Nice , which the ignorant are not commanded to know , nor commonly the faithfull : for all doe not know the Communion of Saints ; yea , you shall finde not a few learned men that know not what the Communion of Saints is ; and the Article of the Church seemes hard to teach , and learned men thinke that the ignorant doe commonly erre in it . Yea , hee comes at length to this short measure of faith ; I would not doubt to grant that there are not a few Countrey people , that without fault are ignorant of some of those mysteries which are necessary . Azorius d the Jesuite speakes of other differences and varieties , differing also himselfe from others . First , hee saith , That every Beleever ought explicitely to beleeve all the Articles of faith , either as ( according to the number of the Apostles ) they are accounted twelve , or according to the sentence of Divines , they are reckoned foureteene : But then hee adds , That some affirme , the unlearned must beleeve more then these Articles , because they must beleeve the immortality of the soule , originall sinne , &c. Againe , hee saith , Some hold that both the twelve Articles and the fourteene must bee beleeved ; but himselfe thinks that it is sufficient to salvation if a man beleeve explicitely the one or the other . Yea at length hee comes to shew , That if a man bee so dull that hee cannot perceive the Article of the Trinity , it will suffice if hee beleeve explicitely some other plainer Articles ; as that Christ the Sonne of God is borne of a Virgin , that hee suffered , was crucified , d●ed , and was buryed , that hee rose againe from the dead , and ascended into heaven . Canisius , as wee have seene before , saith , That the summe of faith ▪ or of all things to bee beleeved , is the Apostles Creed . And whereas a Thomas Aquinas concludes , that the Articles to bee beleeved ( of Christs Divinity and Humanity ) are fitly numbred either twelve or foureteene ; Lorca , after this acknowledgement , adds , Perchance the Church did not intend in this summe to comprehend all these Articles which containe any speciall difficultie , or ought explicitely to bee beleeved of all the faithfull . And when hee comes to speake of those Explicites , hee confesseth plainely , b That in assigning the Rule by which it may bee defined what the vulgar should beleeve , Divines doe differ , and doe put divers Rules : the most common Rule is , That they should beleeve those Articles which are by Solemnities celebrated in the Church ; and that it sufficeth if they beleeve these . But this Rule seemes insufficient to others , both in excesse and defect . Scotus seemes to say , That the common precept of faith doth onely binde to the beliefe of the easie ( which hee calleth grosse ) points . Some of the later ( as Suarez ) , It ●ufficeth the common people if they beleeve the Articles in the Creed . But Lorca himselfe goes beyond all that hitherto have beene mentioned , and saith , These Rules being laid aside , it is to bee affirmed , That it is commanded to all the faithfull explicitely to beleeve , first the Articles of faith , both the foureteene , and the twelve in the Creede ; They must also beleeve the Decalogue , and the more common Precepts which are reduced to the Decalogue , the doctrine of the seven Sacraments , of Prayer , of the Popes authoritie , and the Prelates . Behold a great variety in Romish Explicites . Yet , I confesse , that I find not my selfe so merry hereat as the Cavalier , ( at our supposed differences in Fundamentals ) but will rather strive to excuse them , and to finde reasons for their varietie : for the reasons seeme to bee serious , as the matter which they goe about is weightie and profitable ; even the proposall of those grounds whose knowledge is necessary to salvation . So farre is it from being a monster , as this Authour termes it , that his calling of it by this Title is so much the more monstrous , as it is true that himselfe acknowledgeth that there are such Heads of Christianitie , which himselfe thus calleth monstrous . Behold a Truth of the Authours owne bringing forth , and then mocked by him for a monster : but I will goe on to speake for his Truth , and against his Monster ; even against him , to plead for him and his fellowes . True it is , that there may bee a different enumeration of the Articles in the Fathers Rules of faith , in the Creeds , and in the Explicites of later Writers , as well as our Fundamentals ; and that for divers reasons . One may bee this ; Because some Catalogues may put in more Articles for more full unfolding and expressing of other Articles ; so it is said by the Councell of Chalcedon , that the Additions in the Creeds of Constantinople a concerning the holy Ghost , was onely that the Essence and God-head of the holy Ghost might thereby bee more cleared and expounded : And b Ruffinus speakes to the like effect . A second reason of this variety might be the c various measure of capacities . Some measures of understanding and faith are small ; and it is not to bee denied but that some Articles , which are now necessary to be particularly knowne and beleeved , were then knowne onely and beleeved in grosse , without danger of salvation . And that there is now no toleration of lesse degrees in this kind , for weaknesse of faith , or shallownesse of capacity , I thinke wise men scarce dare to affirme . A third reason of this variety may be the various affection and intention of the designers of these heads : For one perchance would be sure not to exclude any man from salvation , that hath any true , though never so little interest in it , by the knowledge of never so few fundamentalls ; and therefore this man contracteth them . Another hee feares , lest by the lessening of them , thereby to include the salvation of some , others may bee excluded from salvation , by not knowing or not beleeving those points which are lessened , and therefore enlargeth them . Now these reasons being given , to defend this Authour and his fellowes against himselfe , I will adde essayes of some certainty upon this variety . A first , That certainly so much must bee knowne and beleeved of God in Christ Jesus , as may unite us to him , and so make us partakers of his death and resurrection unto remission of sinnes and regeneration : And therefore ordinarily his a Incarnation , Death , and Resurrection are certainly to be knowne and beleeved . Secondly , That so many Heads and Articles as conduce to this union , may be called Fundamentall , because they knit and unite us to Christ the foundation . Accordingly , more of these points being knowne to one then to another , and the more points working the union in one , and the fewer in the other , the more may be called Fundamentall to the one , and the fewer to the other ; so a great house built on a rocke , and by more stones knit unto the rocke then a lesser , may bee said to have more fundamentalls then the lesser ; yet both have as true an union with the rocke each as other . Thirdly , it is good , in teaching , to enlarge the points as much as may be ; so to give a full measure of fundamentals , for the largest measure of knowledge and capacity , that no measure may want his fulnesse : But in censuring to damnation , it is good to contract the measure as much as truth will possibly give way to charity , that the least measure of saving knowledge and faith be not damned . Fourthly , as the Teacher should enlarge his teaching , so let not the Learner voluntarily shut or contract his learning , knowing , nor beleeving the grounds of Christianity ; but goe on as farre as his measure will give him leave , untill hee have found Christ Jesus dwelling in his soule by his Spirit , and by that Spirit witnessing to his soule , that he is a Sonne of God , even an heire annexed with Christ : For then , and onely then shalt thou have a comfortable certainty of the sufficiency of thy fundamentalls , when thou feelest thy selfe an habitation of God by the Spirit . Besides , if God intend to lay in thee the foundations of a palace , do not thou contract them into the foundations of a cottage . CHAP. XI . In opposition to the Cavaliers ninth Chapter , containing a vaine Challenge of Protestants , for not daring to declare their Fundamentalls , divided into three Sections . SECT . I. Wherein are confuted his Cavills against the Apostles Creed , as not containing all points Fundamentall . THe title of this Chapter , and the Chapter it selfe are at some discord : For the title saith , That the Protestants neither doe , nor dare declare what are their fundamentall points of Faith : and the Chapter , even in the first words , saith this , It is usuall with many to affirme , that the Apostles Creed containes all fundamentall points of Faith. So it seemes that Protestants doe declare , and doe not declare their fundamentall points ; and the Title beats them for not declaring , and the Chapter beats them for declaring : Thus the Protestants must bee beaten howsoever , not indeed for declaring , or for not declaring , but because they are Protestants . A right marke of faction , which commonly makes an ill construction of all , even of the good actions of those against whom it is factious . But let us see how hee chastiseth us for our declaring : These men , when they are pressed , grow soone ashamed of that opinion ; when they are told , that in the Creed there is no mention made at all , either of the Canon in holy Scripture , or of the number or nature , yea , or so much as the name of Sacraments . But let this Authour consider , whether hee ought not to be ashamed , who thus casting shame on Protestants , casts it also on the Fathers . For , doe the Fathers in their rules of Faith make mention of the Canon of Scripture , or the number , or of the name of the Sacraments ? Let him survey them in Irenaeus , Tertullian , &c. and hee shall see , that they doe not . And yet Tertullian saith of the rule of Faith , Nihil ultra scire , est omnia scire . Againe , doe you not thus cast shame on your own fellowes ? For do not many of your owne Doctors in their Explicites ( called by your selfe , more fundamentall ) leave out the Canon of Scriptures , and the number , yea , the nature and name of Sacraments ? If therefore they do say , that it is a mortall sinne , not to know explicitely these important points , which are more fundamentall , then may they bee ashamed to leave their Disciples in mortall sinne , by not naming the a Canon or number of the Sacraments explicitely to be beleeved : And if you cleare them , you shall cleare us also . But withall , give me leave to aske , even in defence of these your fellowes : Doe you thinke that no man can be saved that doth not know the number of Canonical Books , if he beleeve the fundamentall points contained in those Books ? Or doe you thinke that one who was baptized in his infancy , not knowing then the vertue and use of the Sacrament of Baptisme , and dying before he come to the knowledge of the use of the Eucharist , may not bee saved by beleeving in Christ , and being regenerate by this faith ? Your owne Jesuite b Becanus may stop your mouth , when he saith , That Faith is not so stirred up by the Sacraments , that it is the effect of them ; and that otherwise the Sacraments would not profit children . So till you answer him , doe not require of us to bring in Sacraments as fundamentalls of that faith , which is denied by your owne to be an effect of them . But you are soone weary , and I hope ashamed of this point ; and therefore wander to another , not much more of kinne to the point , then the Chapter hath been hitherto to the Title . You say there are great differences between the Protestants and you , about the understanding of the Article of the descent of Christ into Hell , and the other of the holy Catholick Church , and the Communion of Saints , &c. But what doe you here talk of differences in understanding fundamentals , where the present question is , Whether the Protestants doe acknowledge their fundamentalls to bee contained in the Creed ? For , if Protestants declare that their fundamentals are contained in the Creed , then your Title is gone , which saith , That they do not , nor dare not declare them . And surely it will aske a greater strength , and a farre bigger volume then Charity mistaken , to prove that Protestants doe not rightly understand the Articles of the Creed . But secondly , the Authours objection is grounded not onely upon a new , but upon a false supposition , if his fellow Romists may bee Judges : For his supposed proposition is this , That all the Articles in the Creed are Fundamentall . Now this is different from the first proposall of our opinion , That all fundamentall Articles are in the Creed . It is also denied by his owne fellowes : For , though all fundamentall Articles be there , yet they say , that some Articles that are there may not bee fundamentall , or explicitely to be known upon losse of salvation ; as before hath been shewed out of Vasquez and Azorius : Therefore to stand upon a different understanding of those Articles , which are denied by your owne men to bee Explicites ( or doubted ) is besides the matter . But thirdly , Do we differ from you in understanding those points ? What is that to the point undertaken in the end of the last Chapter and promised to be shewed in this , That wee differ among our selves in the number of Fundamentalls . You are now gone ●●om our ridiculousnesse , by differing in the number of fundamentalls ; and are come to a ridiculousnesse of your owne , by your differing from us in the false understanding of some Articles of the Creed , which all your owne Prophets doe not account Fundamentals . But you add : It is to little purpose to know or confesse , that the Creede containes all Fundamentals , unlesse there were some certaine way to understand them right . This is againe a ranging from shewing our differences among our selves , or that wee have not these Fundamentals : Yet I answer , Wee have a certaine , and the best way of understanding them right ; wee have a learned Ministery endued with gifts from on high , which teacheth and preacheth these Fundamentals , and the right meaning of them . And the right meaning thus taught , the Spirit in the hearers doth so discover and certifie the truth of them , that the hearers see the Articles to bee Gods truth and not mans : And accordingly , their faith thus beleeving them , resteth on God as the sole Foundation of their faith ; and this teaching of the Catholick Church wee use , commend , and allow . But that The single Article of the holy Catholick Church should containe the reason of all our faith fundamentally , seemes to mee an high kinde of Blasphemie . And this blasphemous doctrine , as wee have before shewed , is the very spirit of Popery or Antichrist , which sets up the Pope in Gods place , and makes his beleevers truely Papists or Antichristians . And this great offence and mysterie of iniquitie carryeth Papists by throngs into the Land of darknesse ; and into this secret of theirs the soules of the saved may not enter : True it is , that God useth the service of the Ministers , or , if you will , of the Church , in publishing the Articles of faith ; but no other Foundation of supernaturall faith there is but God himselfe , though speaking by man unto man ; the Fundamentality of our faith passeth through man that is the instrument , and resteth wholly upon God. But saith hee , If wee understand it otherwise , the Scripture it selfe speakes of particular errours , which are damnable in them by whom they are imbraced ; and yet they are not at all against any expresse Doctrine of the Creed : As namely , where Saint Paul calls it a Doctrine of Divels to forbid marriage , and meates , &c. I answer , first , That the Authour hereby proves that which wee deny not , and disproves not that which ( hee saith ) wee affirme : For the point is not , Whether there bee any damnable errours besides those that are against some expresse doctrine of the Creede : But , Whether there bee in the Creede those fundamentall points , which being truely beleeved , will cause unity with Christ the Head , and unity with his Body the Church . Other errours against other Truths in Scripture not fundamentall , wee acknowledge there are many , and proceeding from the Divell , the Father of Lyes , and in themselves damnable to such as hold not the true Foundation , Christ Jesus , by beleeving Fundamentals . And it is to bee feared , that such are many of those true Papists , whose foundation is the Pope : But otherwise they may bee rather a damnable in themselves , then actually damning to those who by b infirmities hold them , and by beleeving fundamentals are in Christ Jesus , to whom there is no condemnation . Secondly , not onely Fathers in their Rules of faith , but the Romists themselves doe not place the lawfulnesse of meates and marriage among their chiefe Heads of Christianitie , or Explicites and Fundamentals , and therefore this Authour doth ill require of us that which hee cannot obtaine of his fellowes . Wherefore , let him first make this objection against them , and when hee hath their Answer , then let him take it for us . But being unhappily , as well as impertinently fallen into the mention of these damnable errours , hee saw , that as soone as they were brought in , they looked , at least asquint , on the Church of Rome , and claymed kindred of her : And therefore hee thought that there was need of an Apologie to put off this kindred and acquaintance : Which by the way is not to bee understood of the chastity and fasts of the Catholick Church ( as Protestants doe most perversely affirme ) which knowes that those things are lawfull ; but that yet it is most gratefull to God , when his servants for his love deprive themselves of those del●ghts : But of the Heresies of the Manich●es , as Saint Augustine doth expressely declare , who forbad both marriage and meates , as being abominable and impure through the institution thereof ; which they said was derived from a certaine second ill conditioned god of their owne making . But this , nor all the water in the Sea will wash away all the kindred betweene Romists and these errours : For though Saint Augustine may apply this Prophecie to the Manichees , yet may hee not also apply them to the Montanists , a Tertullian himselfe acknowledging that they have beene taxed out of this very place ? And if to the Montanists , why not to those Romists , who , with Durandus , maintaine a curse , and so an impurity of flesh , and cleannesse of b fish : who also forbid marriage to Priests , which this place plainly condemneth ? And whereas this Authour talkes of voluntary deprivation , it is certaine , that many ( whatsoever this Authour saith ) have not deprived themselves voluntarily of marriage ; but have taken it upon them as a yoke and burden , which neither they nor their Predecessors were able to beare , many sinking under it unto the very pit of Hell. And let them labour with their wits and pennes so much as they can , they will never by reason , nor by the lives of their Priests disprove Christs truth , That all men cannot receive it ; nor prove their owne c untruth , That all men can receive it : And surely , the Fornications , Adulteries , Murders , and pollutions that have issued from this Law of Coelibate , I doubt not , cry aloud to heaven against Rome ( as once against d Sodome ) for that sore to which it is condemned . Hee adds further : In like manner Saint Peter saith , That Saint Paul in his Epistles had written certaine things which were hard to bee understood , and which the unlearned and unstable did pervert to their destruction : Saint Augustine declares upon this place , that the places misunderstood concerned the doctrine of Iustification , which some misconceived to bee by faith alone , by occasion of what Saint Paul had writ to the Romanes ; and of purpose to countermine that errour , hee saith , that Saint James wrote his Epistle , and proved therein , that good works were absolutely necessary to the Act of Iustification . Hereupon wee may observe two things ; the one , That an errour in this point alone , is by the judgement of Saint Peter , to worke their destruction who imbrace it . And the other , That the Apostles Creede which speakes no one word thereof , is no good Rule to let us know all the fundamentall points of faith . To this I answer , First , That this Authour goes on still upon a false ground , as if wee said that all errours in faith that may damne men were fundamentall , and expressely against some Article of the Creede . Whereas , wee have often affirmed , That any errour , though not fundamentall , may damne men that by a lively faith hold not rightly the fundamentals , and so are without Christ. And it seemes , that these men were not well grounded and founded by fundamentals in Christ Jesus , whom Saint Peter calls unlearned and unstable , and their errour the errour of the wicked ; A generation of vipers turne wholesome food into poyson , and abuse Scriptures to their owne condemnation . But secondly , That faith doth not justifie , but that good workes are absolutely necessarie to the Act of Iustification , is most untrue , and against Saint Augustine himselfe : Untrue ; for , a man is justified by faith in Christ , and not by his owne merits ; which , in your language , are good workes , as divers of your owne Authours e affirme . And a man in the instant of his Justification may dye before he hath had time to do good works , and yet his Justification may be good . And it is against Saint c Austin even in the same place , whence the former saying of Saint Peter is taken , where you may find that commonly knowne sentence of his , Opera sequuntur justificatum , non praecedunt justificandum ; Good works follow justification , and doe not goe before it : So that whiles this Authour observes two things , hee gives more then two scandalls to his Reader . For first , hee chargeth falsly not Saint Austin onely , but Saint Iames with holding this errour , That good workes were absolutely necessary to the act of justification . And then secondly he will make him to say , that the not holding of this errour , is an errour which may worke their destruction that embrace it : Yea thirdly , that the Apostles Creed is no good rule to let us know all the fundamentall points of faith ; because it speakes no one word , to teach us that the Cavaliers errour is a fundamentall point of faith . Lastly , his owne Doctors doe bring into their Explicites , our faith in Christs d passion , & resurrection for justification , but not this his Article , That good workes are absolutely necessary to the act of justification . And if they doe not , why doth hee require it of us in our fundamentalls ? SECT . II. Wherein his Exceptions against the 39. Articles of Religion established in this Church are answered . BUt having quarrelled in vaine with the Creed , to prove the insufficiency of it for fundamentalls , now hee comes to the Articles ; where he thus begins : Others say that the Booke of the 39. Articles declares all the fundamentall points of Faith , according to the Doctrine of the Church of England ; but this also is most absurdly affirmed : For , as it is true , that they declare in some confused manner ( which yet indeed is extremely confused ) what the Church of England in most things beleeves ; so it is true , that they are very carefull , that they bee not too clearly understood . And therefore in many Controversies , whereof that Book speakes , it comes not at all to the main difficulty of the question between them and us , and especially in those of the Church , and Free-will . While the Authour speaks of a confused manner , and which is extremely confused , his words do returne upon himselfe , and his owne discourse : For , that he may make his discourse confused , it seemes hee makes use of this doubtfull word Declare . For if wee say , That the Booke of Articles declares our fundamentalls of faith , wee doe not say , it declares all the knots of questions which are between us and the Romists . For it is well knowne there are divers controversies between us and the Romists , which are not of fundamentalls . And neither the Fathers in their rules of Faith , neither Romists in their Explicites doe declare the knots of questions which may arise even concerning fundamentalls themselves ; if the fundamentalls be so expressed , that their true and saving sense may bee received and beleeved by the working of that Spirit , which makes Christs sheep to hear Christs voice . They that thus beleeve , shall bee saved , though they know not all the knots which cunning and erring men doe make . They that write rules of Faith , Explicites , and Fundamentalls , doe not in the same undertake to write all knots of controversies which concerne them . And the Cavalier doth not find them in his owne Doctors among their Explicites : wherefore the answer which he makes for them , let him take for us . Secondly , for his particulars of the Church , and Free-will : First , for the Church ; Doth our Church hold , that the visibility and inerrability of the Church are fundamentalls ? And if shee doe not , how can this Authour accuse her for not shewing fundamentalls ; because she shewes not those points which she doth not hold to be fundamentall ? The h Church is not the foundation of the Church , but she her selfe is built on that onely foundation Christ Jesus . And even your owne men are not agreed about making the Article of the i Church one of the Explicites ; or at least agree not in declaring these points of controversies concerning her to be explicitely beleeved . And for Free-will , I might aske first : Doth this Authour find in any of his Doctors this knot of Free-will for an Explicite ? But secondly , Doth the Councell of Trent it selfe , called of purpose to end controversies , so set downe the knot of this controversie , that your owne Romists are agreed of it among themselves ? True it is , that the maine body of the Papacy dotes upon Free-will , according to their Leaders , who , as this Authour well affirmeth , have many ( profitable ) Doctrines ; as that of Merit , Supererogation , &c. depending upon it . But yet there are among them some that hold the efficacy of grace on the will , which the Protestants do teach ; and so the Authours confused manner doth now light on the precious Synod of his deare Mother , whose Champion hee is ; but not without prevarication : For , while hee condemnes a confused speaking of Free-will , hee is become that sonne of Solomon , who shameth his mother : For she hath taught , and , as he calls it , Declared Free-will , in such a confused manner , that her owne children cannot agree about her meaning . And now hee sets downe the words of the tenth Article concerning Free-will , and concludes , That this is true Catholick Doctrine , which we beleeve better then they . A man would have thought here , that we had been almost friends ; but let not the Reader bee mistaken : for the worke of mistaken Charity , is not to make peace , but division . Therefore after a confessed agreement , a disagreement is to bee pickt out ; They declare not ( saith he ) whether or no a man have freedome of will to doe a good worke , or not to doe it , when first hee is inspired and moved to it by God Almighties grace ; which we affirme , and they deny : which is the onely knot of our question , and the point upon which so many other Catholick Doctrines depend . I desire the Reader to take speciall notice of these words of the Cavalier , That upon the Doctrine of Free-will many Romish Doctrines doe depend : For hence may arise a caution to those that affect this Doctrine of Free-will , since here they see it confessed by the Cavalier , that on this Doctrine many Romish Doctrines doe depend ; so it concernes them to beware how they admit this Doctrine , which hath so much Popery in the belly of it . But now to the maine knot of his question I give this answer , That in untying this knot there is yet left unfolded the chiefe pleat of the knot : For the chiefe fold of this knot is not , Whether the will , being inspired and moved by God , there bee freedome in it to will , or not to will ; but whether the will be not at any time so moved by grace ( especially in conversion ) that though it may will , or not will ; yet it will certainly & infallibly move that way , to which Gods grace enclines it . For indeed the freedome which these men speake for , is a freedome of the will from the grace of God. For they would have the will so free from Gods grace , that grace should not actuate and worke it to will and to doe . For other freedome of the will wee acknowledge , even the most excellent freedome ; affirming , that when the will is thus moved by God , it willeth freely that way to which Gods grace moveth it ; yea , most freely , because most willingly . For this is the soveraignty of power issuing from the highest cause , that it worketh in second causes according to their own natures : and therefore it workes in the will of man , by making it most freely willing . Accordingly grace doth so worke in the will , that the will determines it selfe that way to which grace doth incline it . And thus ( as it hath been well observed ) The feare of overthrowing Free-will is removed , since things are violently moved by a contrary cause , but never by their owne : And God being the cause of the will , to say it is moved by God , is to say it is moved by it selfe . And indeed this is the chiefe freedome of the will which wee maintaine , when the will doth freely move , being moved by the highest cause , whose service is perfect freedome : Onely , because the word hath been abused , k we do abstain from that terme , which by this abuse is likely to be mis-understood . But this highest and most excellent freedome wee truly maintaine , even that by which the will is free , when God worketh it freely to will : Yet many Romists complaine , because no other freedome will please them , but that the will may be freed from God , and not be wrought by him to will as he will. But thus doe they mainly fight against Gods glory , and mans safety : For first , great glory is got hereby unto God , that hee can turne the wills that are most averse from him , and make them willingly and gladly to will what he willeth : Even Saul breathing out threatnings and slaughter in his naturall will , hee can change into Paul , in his new and spirituall will , ready not onely to be bound , but to dye for the Name of the Lord Iesus . And thus he that glorieth , can only glory in the Lord. Secondly , it gives God the glory of performing his promises : God hath promised a Seed to the woman , even Christ mysticall , as well as Christ personall ; and hee hath promised a Seed to Abraham out of all Nations . Now , by this effectuall power on the wils of men , doth hee performe his promises : Therefore the Psalmist , when hee speakes of Gods establishing Christs Kingdome , saith rightly , The people shall bee willing in the day of thy power : and accordingly , Abraham , having received the promise of this Seed , is said to beleeve , that what God had promised hee was able to performe : Hee did not beleeve in the wils of men left free from Gods ruling and effectuall grace , that they would performe Gods promise ; for indeed so hee might have beene deceived : but hee beleeved in God and his power , that hee would performe this promised Seed ; and accordingly the Seed of promise is borne like Isaac , by the will and power of the Promiser . And in thus beleeving it is said , That Abraham gave glory to God. Wherefore , this being Abrahams faith , and this faith of Abraham giving glory to God , Let men first consider , whether they can bee the Seede of Abraham that have not this faith of Abraham . And next , If this faith of Abraham give glory to God , Let men bee affraid by a different faith , even a faith in mans free will for the performance of Gods promises , to rob God of his glory . Thirdly , it gives God the glory of our prayers ; for therefore wee pray unto God that his Kingdome may come , and his will may bee done , because wee beleeve that Gods effectuall grace doth set up his kingdome in our Wils , and cause them to will the Will of God. Therefore we pray to God for this doing of Gods will , which wee could not pray for to God , if God did not produce this effect : for otherwise the Free-will-prayer must run thus ; Lord give mee onely such free will , that I may chuse whether I will doe thy will or no ; and not , that thy will may bee certainely done . But for the certaine and sure doing of Gods will , they must pray to their owne free wils , which they beleeve doe bring the possibilitie of doing Gods will into effect . But this is many wayes abominable ; One abomination it is to pray to God that I may doe his will , and yet not beleeve that God worketh the will and the deed for which I pray . Another , not to pray indeed that Gods will may bee done , though Christ hath commanded it , but to pray that it may not bee done , as well as bee done . For if I pray onely to God that hee may meerely leave it to my will whether his will shall bee done or not , I doe not pray certainely that his will may bee done , but that it may stand in an even ballance , whether it shall bee done or not : and then it is very possible , yea likely , ( as wofull experience hath too often shewed ) that his Will will not be done . But howsoever , sure it is , to God they cannot pray ; but ( which is another abomination ) must pray to their owne wils that Gods will may bee surely done , the certainty of doing Gods will being suspended onely on their owne wils , and not depending on Gods effectuall grace . How much better doth our Liturgie imitate this patterne of Christ Jesus , and fulfill his direction ? It prayes for the King , That he may alway incline to Gods will , and walke in his way : and for the people , That they may leade a godly , righteous , and sober life ; that they may in all things obey Gods blessed will ; that they may ever obey his godly motions in righteousnesse and true holinesse ; that they may please God both in will and in deede ; That his grace may prevent and follow us , and make us continually to bee given to all good works . And indeed , these prayers , and especially the Lords prayer , being so soundly good that the soules of men cannot but approve and use them , it doth seeme to evince , that those who doe use these prayers , though otherwise they seeme to favour this Romish free will , yet doe not heartily beleeve that free will which crosseth and denyeth these prayers : as on the other side , it would bee a mighty accusation , if they should so beleeve free will , that they could not say the Lords prayer . Lastly , It takes from God the glory of praise and thanks for our obedience ; and especially , for our differing from others : for the free-will-men cannot praise God so well as the Pharisee , who yet was not justified ; for , they cannot say , Father , I thank thee that I am not like other men ; but they must say , Father , I thank thee that I was like other men , and had the same free will and grace which they had ; but , That I am not like other men , I thank my owne free will , which , by a different use of the same grace , wherein by thee I was made like other men , hath made mee unlike to them . To conclude , This opinion of free will , as it robs God of his glory , so it robs man of his safety ; for it hangs mans safety upon mans free will : God and his grace doe not keepe man , but mans free will keepes grace , and by grace keepes man ; grace dependeth on the will , whether it shall bee kept it selfe , and whether it shall keepe man or lose him : But thus the will , grace , and the man are not safely a kept by the power of God unto salvation . Man is brought back againe into the state of free will which the old Adam had , and lost ; but with this disadvantage , that hee hath now a mighty law b in his members , rebelling against the law of his minde , which the old Adam had not : And now shall man , with all his imperfections issuing from this body of sinne , stand by free will , wherewith Adam in his full perfection fell ? Whosoever thinks so , hath need to thinke better of his imperfect selfe , then of perfect Adam : But , for my part , I see great cause to bee affraid of that free will which hath undone him . Againe , Is there no more stabilitie issuing from the second Adam , Christ Jesus , who is God and man , then there would have beene by descent from the first Adam , who was only a man ? Doth Regeneration from Christ give no more stabilitie with his seed , then with Generation should have beene communicated to us descending from the old Adam , if hee had stood in perfection ? Yet of Christ that is said which could never bee spoken of Adam , nor can bee spoken of free will ; Hee is that Rock on which the Church being grounded , The gates of Hell cannot prevaile against her : And of the Seed of God given through this second Adam , wee read , It is a remaining Seede , which keepes us from reigning sin . Briefely , as wee are borne of promise , so God gave to the promised Seed a Land of promise ; and the bringing that Seed unto the Land of promise is sure to this Seede by the effectuall power of God the Promiser , as the promised Seed was surely given by his promise : And accordingly , for the establishing our hearts , wee doe often heare of the * faithfulnesse of God who hath promised . In God therefore is our safety , and not in our owne free will ; Hee is our Shepheard , therefore wee doe not feare ; his grace keepeth our wils and us , and our wils fundamentally and finally keepe not this grace and us . And thus Gods glory and mans safety are joyned together by Gods powerfull grace ; and therefore wee may close up this Point in the words of Saint Paul , God shall preserve us unto his heavenly Kingdome ; to him bee glory for ever , Amen . Yet may wee add this Lesson as a Corollary from the joynt consideration of Saint Pauls Conversion and Doctrine , That they who have felt most the effectuall power of Gods grace in their conversion from the kingdome of Sathan unto God , will be most earnest in teaching this grace , and in giving glory to God for that effectuall grace by which they have been converted . Yea , let us hereunto joyne that memorable a Caution , which may serve for a Load-stone to direct those that sayle in the deepe of this Controversie to the harbour of safety where they would bee , That in all doubts and difficulties they incline to that opinion which gives most glory to God : For , as it hath beene well taught , This is the disposition of godly mindes , to attribute nothing to themselves , but all to the grace of God ; whence it will come to passe , that though a man should give never so much to the grace of God , and thereby take away somewhat from the power of Nature and free will , hee shall never depart from piety : but when something is taken from Grace and given to Nature , thence danger may arise . Hee goes on : So also doe they play at fast and loose , when in the sixth Article of holy Scripture , they enumerate all those Books of the old Testament which they allow to be Canonicall ; wherein , by the way , they are rather b Iewes then Christians ▪ for not admitting the Books of Judith , the Maccabees , and divers others in the Canon . This Authour is still busie in bringing in the number of Canonicall Books for fundamentall ; ( as before in the Creed ) when his owne Masters put it not among their Explicites and Fundamentals . But yet , if the number were on all sides taken for a Fundamentall , our Church hath sufficiently expressed her meaning to men whose eyes are single , and not troubled with the fiery humour of uncharitablenesse and contention : For first , for the number of the old , they enumerate ( as himselfe confesseth ) all the Bookes of the old Testament which they account Canonicall ; so then , if the number of Canonicall Books bee a Fundamentall , the Articles have shewed this Fundamentall concerning the old Testament : Yet thus hee is not pleased , but is still angry with the Articles , to his owne hurt , and runnes against them with a sword , whose point he turns against his owne soule , and the head against our Church : For hee saith , They are rather Iewes then Christians , for not admitting the Bookes of Judith , the Maccabees , &c. But the Authour endangereth himselfe in this point , to be censured as neither good Jew , nor good Christian. For Saint Paul , who was an excellent both Jew and Christian , saith , That whereas great was the preferment of the Jew , yet herein it stood chiefly , Because that unto them were committed the Oracles of God. So that if that was the chiefe preferment of the Jew under the Law and Old Testament , that the Oracles of God were committed to them ; what shall we say of that Christian , that takes this chiefe preferment from them , and scandalizeth them and others for following them , even in that wherein the holy Ghost by Saint Paul giveth them a chiefe preferment ? Againe , if those were the Oracles of God which were committed to the Jewes , and these of Iudith and Maccabees were not committed to them by God as his Oracles , and accordingly not received by them ; either these are not Gods Oracles , or Saint Pauls word will bee denied , that Gods Oracles were committed to the Jewes . So that the Authour hath herein good matter , not for pennance onely , but for true and hearty repentance ; for shaming the Jewes and us for following them in that very point , wherein Saint Paul saith , that their preferment or advantage chiefly consisteth . Againe , the Romists themselves hold the Church of the Jewes to have been the true Church in the time of the Law ; and the high Priest an unerring head of that Church , as our Authour before hath taught us . Now is it not against these Romists owne grounds to say , That the Church of the Jewes , when it was unerring , did erre in the number of Canonicall Scriptures , a fundamentall of this Authour , or else an impertinency ? Therefore Lorca more warily alloweth a ( though in danger to be censured for a Jew ) That those Books were anciently given to the Jewes . Howsoever , if the high Priest had not then the infallibility to discerne Canonicall Scriptures , how hath the Pope now that infallibility ? For our Authour brings in the infallibility of the individuall high Priest , to prove ( as it should seem ) the present infallibility of the Pope ; so that the high Priest either had this infallibility , and so the Authour is put to shame , for shaming the Jews in their discerning and numbering the Canonicall Scriptures ; or hee had not this infallibility , and so he is put to confusion , in his proving the Popes infallibility by him that was fallible . But hee goes on , and talkes of Trifling , and not onely talkes of it , but doth it : They trifle also ( saith hee ) when they tell us that they understand those onely Bookes both of the Old and New Testament to be Canonicall , of whose authority there was never any doubt in the Church . For they know as well as wee , that the Apocalyps , the Epistle of St. James , Saint Jude , and one of Saint Peters , were not acknowledged , till proofes were made , during the space of three or foure hundred years after Christ our Lord. But if a Romist had written the same words which our Articles do , no question he would have found'out some gentle construction , to have made it sound and good ; perchance hee would have said , that there was never any generall doubt in the Church , and that the universall Church never doubted them : ( For wee know , that the most ancient Fathers received them , and used testimonies from them ) Or , upon the word , Doubt , there was no just sound , or sufficient doubt of them , no doubt that was worth the name of a doubt . But indeed , this Article ( as it seemes ) mainly looking to the Apocryphals of the Old Testament , wherein alone stands the doubt , and difference of number between us and Rome ; it might hold it sufficient to use such words as concerned that difference , not mentioning or regarding ancient differences in that of the New Testament , wherein between us and Rome is present agreement . But yet more trifling and frivolous is our Authours inference : Th●s● men have been pleased out of th●●● great grace to admit them , though the Maccabees must be rejected , because they speak of prayer for the dead . For we , or rather the Scripture hath shewed before , why the Maccabees are not received as Canonicall ; because , contrary to this Authour , but agreeabe to Saint Paul , they were not committed to the b Jewes as the Oracles of God. So we c found them left out of the Canon , and doe not thrust them out : But they are Romists that bring in the Maccabees to be Canonicall , to prove prayers for the dead ; because they have no proofe for them in the Canon . If the Canon prove not prayers for the dead , being beneficiall to the Papacie , the Papacie must make Canon , to prove prayers for the dead . For surely , if Apocrypha had not been made Canon , there had been no Canon to prove their Apocryphall prayer for the dead . But now concerning the Bookes of the New Testament , the Authour hath discovered an Elephant in an Atome : Observe , saith hee , what this booke of Articles saith concerning the Canonicall Bookes of the New Testament ; it saith onely this : All the bookes of the New Testament , as they are commonly received , wee doe receive , and account them for Canonicall . But why doe they not particularly enumerate all the bookes which they acknowledge to be of the New Testament , as they had done them of the Old ? A strange wonder , and one that deserved observation ; and an observation that well deserved a question : but the question scarce deserves an answer ; especially seeing the Authour answers himselfe before he makes the question . For first , who doth not see , that in the bookes of the New Testament , there being no differences between us and the Romists , it was sufficient to say , That those are received for Canonicall , which are commonly received ? And secondly , this Authour himselfe so farre answers his owne question before he makes it , that hee acknowledgeth , the Page fore-going , That these men have been pleased , out of their great grace , to admit Saint James , Saint Jude , &c. Yet now he takes a deep exception for not naming St. Iames , which is so admitted , that hee himselfe can by name say that we admit him . So it seems wee had no great depth in hiding the name of Saint Iames , which our Authour , as shallow as his pen runs , did so easily find . But I confesse , I am sorry both for him and my selfe : for him , that hee is troubled with working such Cob webs ; and for my selfe , that I have the labour of sweeping them away . Yet will hee needs goe on in such industrious vanities : But abstracting from all these insincerities , wherewith that booke of Articles is full fraught , they doe not so much as say , that the Articles of Doctrine which they deliver are fundamentall , either all , or halfe , or any one thereof , or that they are necessarily to be beleeved by them , or the contrary damnable if it be beleeved by us . But they are glad to walk in a cloud for the reasons which have been already toucht . Our Author commends the booke of Articles , while he calls the Insincerities of it , These Insincerities ; that is , these which before have been shewed to be invisible , and no Insincerities ; Insincerities only in the eye of the Author , which did cast the shape of them on the booke , when he read it . But , saith he , They shew not which are fundamentall , and which are not : Neither did they ever promise you that they would do so . The fundamentalls are said to be there , but no man said , for ought I know , that there it was shewed which are fundamentalls , and which are not . Your selves hold points of importance , which are more fundamentall , and to bee explicitely knowne ▪ and doth every Romish Councell tell you which are these points , and which are not ? And if it doth not , why doe you demand it of our Church in her Synod , more then of your own ? Or if you can excuse your own , why doe you quarrell with ours ? It was not the intended , much lesse promised businesse of our Church , there to distinguish fundamentalls from superedifications ; but to set downe both fundamentalls , and superedifications . And these being taught to her children , the Spirit of Christ the foundation , will discover the fundamentalls to his members , and thereby settle them on Christ , and further build them up by the superedifications , according to their appointed measure . And I have before shewed how our fundamentalls may bee discerned , though I may say somewhat like to that of our Saviour to the Jewes , Why of your selves discern ye not that which is right , and rightly fundamentall ? For if you know how to find out these grounds of Christianity , which must bee explicitely knowne , which your selves acknowledge to be more fundamentall , you may easily find out our fundamentalls ; so that all this is but an empty out-cry , to affright the Reader with noise without reason : thus to call for a designment of fundamentalls , where none was undertaken , and where in like case your selves do it not ; and to quarrell with fundamentalls , which your self and yours do acknowledge . Yet when Romists have agreed of the set number themselves , let them send to us their Catalogue defined by a Synod , and it may be we may deale with them upon exchange . The Cavalier goes on : Master Rogers indeed in the Analysis which hee makes of those nine and thirty Articles , speakes loud enough by way of taxing the Doctrine of the Church of Rome , as being contrary to that of the Church of England ; and hee gives it 〈◊〉 many ill names as his impure spirit can devise ; and affirmes , among other things , that many Papists , and namely , the Franciscans , blush not to affirme , that S. Francis is the holy Ghost , and that Christ is the Saviour of men , but one mother Jane is the Saviour of women : a most execrable aspersion of Postellius the Iesuite ; with a great deale of such base trash as this : And yet his Booke is declared to have beene perused , and by the lawfull Authoritie of the Church of England permitted to be publick : But yet even Master Rogers himselfe is not so valiant as to tell us in particular which point of their doctrine is fundamentall to salvation , and which is not . True it is , that Master Rogers doth very clearely and audibly speake against , and condemn divers errours of the Church of Rome , as being not onely contrary to the doctrine of the Church of England , but to the Word of God , with which commonly he confronts the errours which hee brings forth to judgement . And among them hee sheweth some errours of a high nature , which make Saviours of Merits and Masses , and Popish Pardons ; yea , which carry the faith of the soule from God unto man , the Pope and his Councels . And , for ought I see , hee doth not give worse names then the purest and holiest Spirit gives to the Pope , who calleth him , the Man of sinne , and sonne of perdition , &c. And the impurity which this Authour at his owne costs , and upon his owne word layes on him , Mr Rogers layes on Rome by proofes and allegations , as in divers places , so particularly in the nineteenth Article , Propos. 7. whereof the Title is this , That the Church of Rome most shamefully hath erred in life , ceremonies , and matters of faith : But , for that to which this Authours spirit gives the ill name of base trash , it is brought in as the filth of his owne Associates , and testified by other Writers ; and therefore the basenesse of it most justly should light on them that are the first Authours of it . Neither is it strange amongst Papists to make creatures to share salvation with our Saviour ; the hymnes concerning the milke of the blessed Virgin , the bloud of Thomas , the vertue of the woodden Crosse , singing it aloud in the ears of the world . Filthinesse and basenesse , most abominable , and that deserves to bee swept out of the Church with detestation , and to bee carried out as the Filthinesse out of the holy Place in the Reformation of Hezekiah : And why , in an equall judgement , should not Master Rogers his Books much rather be permitted to bee publick for naming such filthinesse with detestation , then Rome allowed to bee Catholick , though using such filthinesse with practicall approbation ? Lastly , The want of valour in Master Rogers to tell us which point of our doctrine is fundamentall , and which is not , I thinke is no just accusation ; because , for ought I know , hee did not undertake this as his businesse ; neither had any Romish Cavalier yet challenged him upon this quarrell . SECT . III. Wherein is discovered the vanity of his boasting , That the Protestant Church is unlikely to define which are the fundamentall differences betwixt them and the Papists , since they scarce dare avow any difference at all . HEe goes on ; Much lesse is there any appearance that ever the Church of England should doe it ; since even now wee have seene , that it dares not , in divers points , so much as declare in publick manner , that it professes the expresse contrary of what wee held : Nay , wee are not likely to see the fundamentall points of faith , whereof they talke so loud , to bee avowed by so much as either of the Universities ; yea , or yet by any one Colledge or Societie of learned men amongst them . This Authour is exceedingly troubled for want of more division , and complaines there is not opposition enough betweene us and Rome ; yet , when wee expresse a contrariety to the Tenents of Rome , then hee cryes out , There is such a crossenesse betweene us , that wee cannot bee one Church : and when wee doe not expresse it , then Wee dare not so much as declare it in publick manner . And now he calls for Fundamentals , as Goliah for Combatants , Give mee a man that wee may fight together ; and yet a man would thinke , that one trained up in the Schoole of Rome to such an eminence , as to take him to bee her Champion and Cavalier , should so know the first grounds of Christianity , which himselfe calls more fundamentall , that hee should not make it a quarrell against us , that wee doe not teach him : Yet , before hath beene shewed , how a man that hath not much more skill then himselfe , may ghesse with as much certainty at our fundamentals , as at his owne Romish Explicites . But if hee lack work for his Cavalier , and to that end desire plaine points of Controversie , our Church hath evidently declared her judgement against the Papall Supremacy , Transubstantiation , Worship of Images , Merits , Purgatory , Prayer in an unknowne tongue , Sacrifice of the Masse , and divers other points : And I wonder how this Authour got leave either of his judgement or modesty , to say , that shee who da●es in these points to declare her opposition to the Synagogue of Rome , dare not doe it in others , if shee pleased : For , to omit the other points , shee that dares declare her opposition against the Popes Supremacie , hath dared to oppose the very Head and Heart of Popery ; and if shee dare oppose the Head , why should shee bee affraid of the Limmes and Branches ? But , both in the Head and many Branches , our Church hath declared her judgement ; and therein may hee and his fellowes exercise their valour , if they doe so much overflow with it , even to complaining of want of quarrels : And when they have dispatched these Controversies , and quit themselves in them like Cavaliers , then let them call for more , and find fault with want of differences . And now if I would answer a wise man according to his wisdome , I would use his owne words , and make them speak against himselfe and his fellowes ; We are not likely to see their Romish Explicites , whereof they talke so loud , avowed by their Universities , Colledges , or Councels , &c. Yea , we are not likely to see the point of worshipping images with Latria ; nor the Popes power to depose Kings , determined by any Councell : and yet of these points Papists speak aloud , & for them fill the world with Treasons against God in heaven , and Gods Deputies on earth . And I might , with very little exchange , adjoyne his own following words ; The reason of their Reservation is plaine : for , if a Councell should bee convinced of errours , their maine Cause would receive a mortall wound . But now , when some particular men defend these errours , they may say as Master Hart did to Master Reynolds , I care not for the judgement of Andradius , or Cajetane , or any other private man , though you could bring an hundred of them . But I am weary of waiting on his words , which either have no weight , or weight to presse himselfe to the ground . But a swelling , yet most empty vanity , is that saying which our Authour imagineth to bee great with reason ; I have heard some Catholicks affirme ( and that , to my thinking , with great reason ) that they would hold it to bee no ill work for them , if the pretended Colledge of Chelsey , or any other , were founded by Protestants , expresly for writing Books of Controversie by common consent . For , as I said before , Our Church by common consent hath declared her judgement in divers points of Controversie already named , and the Romists have here worke enough to confute , if they can , what hath beene established by common consent , Hic Rhodus , Hic saltus . This they have assayed hitherto with shame and losse ; and though they lose by the quarrels they have already undertaken , yet they are not ashamed to call for more quarrels , that is , for more losse . Besides , this vanity may bee turned against themselves : For , why should not we also demand , That the Pope and his Councell should establish a Colledge at Rome , or Rhemes , which should write Controversies by a Pseudo-Catholcik consent ? which when they have done , then let them call for a Colledge from us . I wish this Authour would try to speake something against us , wherein hee might not speake against himselfe . But our Cavalier is now like a Ship drawing neere to the Harbour , and his water is still shallower and shallower : yet hath he descryed one Doctor , of whom , if hee doe not make prize , all his Adventures are lost : But what if wee disclaime the Doctor , as Master Hart did Andradius and Cajetane ? then is our Authour put to silence , for want of a Colledge writing with common consent : Yet saving to our selves these and the like exceptions , Let us see what hee saith ; and first , take notice of the Preface , which , like a Beadle , doth usher and make way for the Doctor ; On the other side , at times they make eager Invectives against us for declaring so many , yea , and all the Doctrines of our Church to bee fundamentall ; so farre forth as that whosoever refuses obstinately to beleeve any of of them , doth forfeit the salvation of his soule . And in the strength of this zeale of theirs , Doctor Dunne , in a Sermon made before his Majesty at his first happy comming to this Crown , doth bitterly exclaime against the Catholick Roman Church , as making every toy to bee fundamentall : And can you blame our Writers or Preachers to reprove you , that you will damne so many soules for toyes , yea , for errours ? For herein they have God for their patterne , and your patterne is that which God reproved in Ionah . For we , with the Father of Mercie , would save many thousand soules , who by faith in Christ the foundation are united unto God , and by repentance and regeneration doe strive and endeavour to obey him . But you , imitating the fault of Ionah , for the Popes honour and supremacy , will have many thousands of such beleeving and penitent soules to be damned ( who know not the right hand from the left , in many of your frivolous Doctrines ) if the Pope doe affirme it : For example ; If a man beleeve all the Truths in the Bible , and all those which are in the Romish Decrees , and withall lives justly , soberly , and godly ; yet beleeves not , that it is unlawfull for Gossips to marry , this man must bee damned . And how may not Preachers then say to the Romists , Now walke yee not charitably , when through your vanities the brother must perish , for whom Christ died ? Christ would have saved him as a foundation of salvation ; but the new and supposititious foundation , the Pope , damneth him whom Christ would save . But the best is , hee who by a fundamentall faith is built upon Christ the true foundation , can never be damned by unbeleeving any Article of faith created and coined by the Pope , a counterfeit foundation . And here , while the Authour doth quarrell with the poornesses of the Doctour , not being able to maintaine a combate with his rich●s ; it seemes hee doth it with a greater poornesse : For what a poore quarrelling is it with the Doctour for saying , That Papists will not let Protestants to bee saved , though they beleeve the same Creed , except they will beleeve the same Mathematicks , and govern themselves by the same Kalendar : when thi● Authour knowes his meaning , and expressed it himselfe in the words nearly preceding , That the Romane Church makes ●oyes fundamentalls ? And might not the Pharisees thus have taken a poore exception at our Saviour for saying , that they strained Gnats , whereas they strained not Gnats , but payed the tythe of Mint and Cummin ? Besides , he doth not say , that it is really so done ; but premising this : When every thing must be called Foundation , wee shall never know where to stop , where to consist . If we should beleeve their Sacrificium incruentum , their unbloudy sacrifice in the Masse ; if we did not beleeve their Sacrificium cruentum too , that there was a power in that Church to sacrifice the bloud of Kings , wee should be said to be defective in a fundamentall Article . If we should admit their Metaphysickes , their transcendent Transubstantiation , and admit their Chimiques , their Purgatory fires , and their Mythologie and Poetry , their apparitions of soules and spirits ; they would bind us to their Mathematicks too , and they would not let us be saved , except we would reforme our Almanackes to their ten daies , and reforme our clockes to their foure and twenty houres ; for who can tell when there is an end of Articles of faith , in an arbitrary and occasionall Religion ? So the Doctour only shewes how such an unlimited making of fundamentalls , may goe on in a perpetuall procession , it having already made things not so profitable as Clocks and Kalendars , Articles of faith , and points fundamentall : Witnesse the Service in an unknowne tongue , the Lords Supper without wine , &c. But the Cavalier fights in earnest with this supposition , and tells us , that Romists doe rather governe themselves with the lesse perfect Kalendar , which now is used in this place : Yea , hee gives a morall of this their deed ; letting the world see thereby how willingly we can accommodate to them in all things , which belong not meerly to Religion . The controversie of Kalendars , I leave to the Critickes of time , to bee decided and rectified in their emendatione Temporum . But the argument of accommodation , taken from our Almanackes , is retorted by a greater argument remembred in our Almanackes : For , when in them wee see the Papists Treason on the fifth of November , wee are thereby put in mind , that Papists doe not accommodate to Protestants in all things that belong not meerly to Religion . For it is not meerly a matter of Religion for a King to sit in Parliament ; and yet the Papists would have accommodated him , by blowing him up with powder , thus sitting in Parliament . But the Cavalier having thus spoken to ill effect , to amend the matter , brings not forth the Doctours words , but his saying to this effect : But that the Reader may be his owne guide , and the Doctour the speaker of his owne effect , and the Cavaliers faire carriage may more plainly appeare , I will here confront the Doctours words with the Cavaliers . The Doctours words are these : Call not superedifications , foundations ; nor call not the furniture of the house , foundations ; call not ceremoniall and rituall things , essentiall parts of Religion , and of the worship of God , otherwise then as they imply disobedience : for obedience to lawfull authority is alwaies an essentiall part of Religion . The Cavalier thus repeats him , That difference in beliefe in points which are not very important , is not to prejudice a mans salvation , unlesse by not beleeving them hee commit a disobedience withall . For , saith he , obedience indeed is of the essence of Religion . I thinke that the Cavalier , seeing his face in this glasse , finds that it lookes red with blushing at the mis-reporting of the Doctour . The Doctour speakes of ceremonies , the Cavalier reports him speaking of differences in beliefe : The Doctour speakes of ceremonies commanded by lawfull authority ; the Cavalier of points of faith , commanded by the unlawfull authority of the Pope . But if it please him to remember what hath been already told him , That the Church , much lesse the a Pope , hath an Inerrability in points of small importance ; and where she hath no Inerrability , she hath no authority . Again , in respect of the different capacities of the hearers , all are not capable of every little point and subtlety of faith : and I thinke no Pope hath power to command his disciples to beleeve that , which their capacity is not able to understand . But lawfull Rites or Ceremonies , not being points of faith , but of action ; and being easie to bee understood , the obedience to lawfull authority in them may more concerne the essence of Religion , then obedience to the Pope in those small points of faith , wherein the Pope hath no unerring power , and no authority to make a lawfull command ; for the people doe not sinfully disobey , where the Pope hath no lawfull authority to command . The Author having thus lost his premisses and proofes , yet goes on to a conclusion , which cannot but be lost in the losse of his premisses ; so that his concluding inferences , This shall serve for discharge both of what they object against our unity in faith , and of what they alledge in the behalfe of theirs : And , I conceive , that I have sufficiently secured these two maine grounds , upon which this whole discourse is turned , are but commendations of a false conception , and of a discourse , which is turned upon grounds over-turned : For neither is his first ground sufficiently secured , That there is but one true Faith , and one true Religion and Church , out of which there is no salvation ; the word Out being understood in the sense of the Authour , that is , That if a man be out of the faith professed in the Church in the least haire , part , or degree , that there can bee to him no salvation . Nor more secured is his second ground , That Catholicks and Protestants cannot possibly be accounted of that one Religion , Church , and Faith. For , as it may be true that Protestants and all Catholickes doe not agree in every small title and mite of faith ; yet it is most true , that true Catholickes and Protestants are so entirely of one saving Faith and Religion , that they are also of one Church . And from these Catholickes , I desire not to exclude all of the Romane Diocesse : But indeed Papists , whose humane faith is grounded on the Pope , as their foundation , being ready to beleeve Idolatry , Treason , or whatsoever the Pope shall decree for a matter of faith , these I know not how to account members with us of that true Church , whereof Christ is the Head. They are not so truly Christians of Christ , as Papists of the Pope . But still I inferre , that when the Authour hath his two grounds granted , That if Protestants and Papists bee not of that one Church wherein is salvation ; yet Papists are uncharitable for damning Protestants who are of that Church wherein is salvation ; so that neither are his grounds sufficiently secured , neither if they were , are Papists secured sufficiently from uncharitablenesse . But after his pretended sufficient securing of his grounds ( either by way of supererogation , or because hee was not secure of his securing ) hee yet brings in more proofe , that we are of two Religions : And now for the finall proofe of this last point , according even to their practice as well as ours ; Let my Reader but look upon the body of their Lawes made against us , and especially upon the Preambles thereof , wherein they plentifully shew how hatefull an opinion they have of our Church ; Let him looke upon the severall Acts of State which have issued from my Lords of the Councell : Let him look upon the Proclamations which have beene made and published from time to time : Let him looke upon the large Commissions which have beene granted to Pursuivants , whereby that scumme of the world hath beene , and is enabled both to ransome and ransack us at their pleasure . Surely , thus farre there is little said , but that many of the late Traytours against the French King may take up for a proofe that they were not of one Religion with that King , because against them there issued Acts of State , Proclamations , Messengers or Pursuivants ( though all of them perchance were not the scumme of the Countrey ) to apprehend and ransack them . But hee goes farther ; Let him looke upon those speeches which have beene uttered in both Houses of Parliament , not onely against Professours , but even the Profession it selfe of our Religion ; and how his most excellent Majestie hath beene importuned by their petitions to add more weight to our miseries : for thus it will easily bee scene , how false , how rotten , how superstitious , how idolatrous , how detestable , how damnable , and even destructive of all truth and goodnesse they professe themselves to esteeme our Religion : And in fine , that wee carry such a marke of the Beast in our foreheads , as must needs , in their opinion , shut up the gates of heaven against us , and set open the gates of hell to devoure and swallow us up : So that , certainly , wee are no more of one Church with them in their opinion , then they are of one with us in ours . Here indeed hee hath many good Epithites of Popery , rotten , superstitious , idolatrous , &c. but I finde one great one wanting , and that is trayterous ; for this Epithite had a great share in the Parliamentary Complaints and Accusations of Popery . But , to answer his many words in few , ( because they were answered in that which last preceded ) wee deny not , but that which wee call Popery , and Papists call their Religion ( that is , a beleeeving in the Pope , and obeying of him commanding Idolatry , Treason , Rebellion , and whatsoever else hee shall please to decree for a point of faith ) is a rotten , superstitious , idolatrous , and traiterous Religion ; And of this it is truely said in the prayers of the fifth of November , This their Religion is Rebellion , their faith is faction , their practice murdering of soules and bodies . But yet wee charitably hope , that there are some , though two few , who have not so bowed the knees of their soules to this Baal of Rome , that they submit their soules and faiths to him in all his idolatrous and trayterous Doctrines , Decrees , and Commands ; but being rather in Rome then of Rome , are Christs and not the Popes ; and therefore will heare Christs voice , and not the Popes , when the Popes voice is the voice of a stranger , and an enemy to Christ. CHAP. XII . Wherein the Cavaliers tenth and last Chapter is annihilated , which hee calleth a Recapitulation . SECT . I. The totall of the Cavaliers many nothings is cast up in two short Conclusions , contrary to all that which hee hath indeavoured to prove : And some additionals to that totall examined ; viz. The false remedies of his impertinent feare , lest Papists should grow in love with the civility of Protestants . THe Cavalier having said many nothings in his former discourse , hee now summes up these nothings , which being never so many , yet it is well knowne they can amount but to nothing . Wherefore , not to make this work tedious by unnecessary repetitions , I referre the Reader to the former severall confutations and annihilations of the particulars , out of which he would here frame this Recapitulation : and insteed of the Authour 's not inferred , but intruded Conclusion upon forlorne and vanishing premisses , this Conclusion still stands right and strong for us , that since there is but one true Church , and one saving faith , and the Protestants ( notwithstanding any of this Authours hollow , answerable , and answered objections , from difference in Sacraments , Traditions , &c. doe hold and beleeve this saving faith , and so are the true Church ; the Papacie and adherents thereof professing a difference and division from them , so farre as to bee of another Church and faith , doe excommunicate themselves most heavily , even to damnation . And secondly , The Protestants being the true Church , the Romists separating themselves from us , persecuting us and pronouncing damnation against us , doe herein exceeding uncharitably , while they cut off , hate , persecute , and sentence unto hell and damnation the true Church , even the living members of Christ Jesus : For indeed , Papists can never prove against us any change of the Foundation , and therefore are uncharitable in damning those who are lively stones , built on that onely Foundation and corner stone , Christ Jesus . But , as if Rome were not enough uncharitable , and though the Title seemed to tell us that the Cavalier would but have recapitulated his former uncharitable speeches ; yet hee breakes forth into new Capitulations and Incentives of uncharitablenesse : He doubts ( yea seemes to bee grieved ) that some of the Romish Communion , seeing the faire and just conversation of Protestants , may grow into love with them and their Religion . But let the Cavalier upon better consideration remember , that this is not the great and most dangerous and suspicable fault of Popery , that it is so in love with Civility , that for it it neglects Religion ; but that Popery hath so mightily depraved and corrupted Religion , that Popish Religion hath destroyed Civility , and fairenesse of Nature : So that , whereas Religion should have advanced men beyond naturall candour and fairenesse ; Popish Religion hath destroyed this naturall fairenesse , and made them worse then men , whom true Religion would have lifted up above men , unto Saints ; an evident mark that it is not a true , but a false and foule Religion : This appeareth plainely in those of the powder Treason ; divers of which were men of candid natures , and ingenuous dispositions ; yet by Popish Religion turned out of nature , made worse then themselves , and brought to the acting of the most unnaturall of Treasons . A foule Religion , that doth blacke even the white of nature ; yet the Cavalier desiring , Romishly , to dye white into black , hee prescribes Antidotes , and Remedies of Love and Charity ; and thus adviseth his Readers to hatred and opposition against Protestants : See how Saint John carryed himselfe towards Cerinthus , and Policarpe to Marsyon , and Saint Anthony to the Arrians , and a thousand others . And lest it should bee thought that Saints fall not foule but onely upon such Hereticks that deny even the very prime Articles of Christian Religion , which concerne either God the Father , or the immediate person of Christ our Lord himselfe : Cast but an eye upon Saint Bernard , that milde and mercifull man of God , and see how hee treats the Hereticks of his time , who had too much affinity with those of ours ; See yee Dogges , see yee Detractors . Behold how hee gives his Romists patternes and presidents to make them fall foule with us ; but indeed , his first Presidents are impertinent , for they shew a falling foule with such as wee are not : wherefore , because his first patternes were incongruous , and would not serve the turne ( those heresies of Cerinthus not belonging to us ) hee leapes over many hundred yeeres of the purer times of the Church , where , it seemes , hee could not finde grounds for his better falling foule with us , and at length comes unto the times of Popish errours and superstitions ; there hee findes a good old man , one , I thinke , of the seven thousand which belonged to Gods Election , though not altogether without a glasse on his eyes , party-coloured by the prejudice of his birth and education in those times of superstition : This good man hee seeth angry with some of his time that derided the Baptisme of infants , Prayers for the dead , and the Suffrages of Saints ; the former of which did justly deserve a sharpe reproofe ; and indeede , upon that hee chiefely insists in his confutation . But the later wee impute to the superstitious darknesse of the times , and would have covered these sores of this holy man , but that this Authour will needes discover the nakednesse of his father . Yet , if he will but looke into that very Sermon of a Bernard , hee shall see more just and weighty reasons to accuse his owne Romists for crimes , which draw Almighty God himselfe to fall foule with some of their chiefe limbs and members . For here hee disputes against that forbidding of marriage which defiles the Church with adulterous , incestuous , and unnaturall sinners , whom hee calls , The monsters of men ; yet by Romes forbidding marriage , such monsters have been too often found among those , who yet are called Priests , Abbots , Monkes , and Friars . But yet , that this Champion may still nourish his root of wormwood and division , and that the Romish palates may be still kept in distaste and loathing of us , he saith of Protestants , That they are cruell enough to such as they see not , and withall their civility , and curtesie , and suavity in ordinary conversation , they can find in their Hereticall hearts at a clap to rob all dead men of the help and comfort of the prayers of the living , and all living men of the prayers of the Saints , who are in heaven ; and the same Saints , of all the honour which Catholickes pay to them here on earth : to omit in this place their infinite and innumerable detractions , and slanders , and reproaches of the whole Church of God. But here is as little verity as charity ; for the three All 's , are all three untruths . For it is not true , that Protestants rob all the dead of the prayers of the living : For first , those dead which are in heaven , are not robbed of prayers by denying prayers to those that are not in heaven , but supposed to be in Purgatory . Secondly , those prayers that belong to the dead , wee give for them ; and that is , to joyne with them in their own prayers : even the prayers of the soules of Saints under the Altar . We pray that God would hasten the comming of Christ , and so their resurrection and their consummation in glory . And to this end , that God will hasten the judgement of the great Whore , which hath shed their bloud , and avenge it on her . A second untruth is this , That wee rob all living men of the prayers of the Saints in heaven ; I might indeed say , that this building is of another stuffe , and different from the foundation , That wee are cruell to those that wee see not ; for wee see those that are living : But , howsoever , it is also untrue ; for wee allow and imbrace the prayers of the Saints in heaven for the living ; yea , wee doubt not , but that those soules who are in the triumphant part of the Church , and perfect in charity , doe love that part of the Church which is here militant , and pray for her victory , and that it may bee joyned with her in triumphant glory . True it is , that we find not in the Scripture , that the Saints departed have such knowledge of the particular affaires of the Saints living , that wee can beleeve by a supernaturall faith that they know our necessities , our thoughts , and desires . And , what is without faith being sinne , we dare not offer prayers without faith , lest they should bee turned into sinne . Thirdly , it is no lesse untrue , That wee rob Saints of all the honour which true Catholickes pay unto them . The name of the Saints is to us as a precious ointment , and it is kept by us in everlasting remembrance . We delight to make mention of their heavenly vertues , of their valiant actions , and constant passions , of their wise counsells , powerfull exhortations , excellent expositions of divine truths in their sayings , sermons , and writings . We desire to follow their examples , to bee instructed by their knowledge to bee inflamed with their zeale , and enlived with their heats , who quicken being dead , as the dead Prophet enlived the dead souldier . These honours we doe them , and thus should it bee done to those whom God doth honour . And if thus we doe honour them , then far from truth is it , that wee rob them of all that honour which true Catholickes pay them . And lastly , where hee speakes of infinite detractions , slanders , and reproaches of the whole Church of God ; this is a most unjust , and unjustifiable slander . We reverence the whole Church of God as our Mother , we love her peace ; and to this end is that which is written in the first Chapter , and to this end are these lines , which write against this slander . Wee reproach not the whole Church ; but a botch , a wen , a disease , and burthen in the Church : A faction , that disturbs and distracts the Church ; and which , to set up a counterfeit head , teares the true body of Christ into pieces : And this seemes also to bee the businesse of this Champion in this worke ; and even at this time , when by unjust accusations hee both perswades to uncharitable divisions , and strives by his clamours to terrifie soules into the net of the Papacie . But this Champion , while hee liveth , will never be able to prove , that the Papacy ( or the Pope and his faction ) is the Church : And yet , untill he prove this , all his booke is but a carkasse , meere dead paper , without strength and life : In the meane time , they are most guilty of detractions , slanders , and reproaches of the whole Church of God , that lay the title of damnable Heretickes or Schismatickes on all the members of the whole Catholick Church , that are not subject unto the Man of sinne , which sits as God in the Temple of God. SECT . II. An absurd complement of the Cavaliers , attended with three grosse slanders of the Protestants Religion , That it is a profession suted to the pleasure of superiours . Secondly , that the ground of it is sense and appetite . Thirdly , that they labour more for conformity then unity , are all answered . ANd now after his bitter pill of dissention , to take away the offence of it , and that at parting hee may flatter the taste of his Reader with a farewell of sweetnesse , he puts this sugar to it : All which I have not said either by way of aggravating their sinnes , or of alienating men from their persons , which I esteeme and love , and desire to serve with my whole heart . If the Reader will make a due conjunction of this with the former , and make a right construction of the whole , he may see it runne into this confusednesse , The Romish faction must bee rigorous to Protestants , and avoid them , as Saint John did Cerinthus , &c. Yea , they must fall foule upon them , though holding lesser heresies , and call them Dogs ; they must take them for cruell Robbers of the living and the dead , for slanderers and detracters , and all this is well done , and may bee done without being alienated from their persons . But doth this Authour thinke that there will bee a separation , a falling foule , and an accounting of us for Dogs without alienating of affections from our persons ? Or would hee have such a not alienating from our persons , as , upon meeting with us , to part presently from us , or to fall foule upon us , and to call us Dogs ? Surely , whatsoever this Authour afterwards speakes of his intent , his former words teach such a separation , division , and hatred , that these later words doe not take them away ; but onely make a faire shew by a mannerly distinction , teaching a counterfeit art of falling foule upon men , without being alienated from their persons . But will any wise man thinke it a charitable speech , if Catesby should say unto Faulx , Be not alienated from the person of the King , nor of his royall issue , nor of the Nobility , but onely fall foule upon them , and blow them up with gun powder ? As for that following profession towards their persons so diversly expressed , which I esteeme , and love , and desire to serve with my whole heart , I acknowledge them to be faire words , and of a very good countenance : But perchance , by some other way there might have been given to a doubtfull Reader more solid satisfaction . For a scrupulous Reader may possibly say , that these words by Travellers are vented often but as the froth of complement , and by Romists are often eluded by a latent equivocation , or mentall reservation , and may now bee doubted , because they doe come in suspiciously with very bad company ; even as attendants on exhortations and incentives , to separate from Protestants , to esteeme them as Dogs , and to fall foule upon them ; yea , not to hold the Reader in doubt , but to let him see there is no soundnesse in your distinction of not hating our persons , you have in this booke before taught , that hee who doth not obey your Church , bee taken for no other then a Pagan , or a Publican , that is , a meere Idolater in his Religion , and for a most infamous and base person in his conversation . The Reader might have been more soundly satisfied , if in stead of all these verbs , ( esteeme , love , and serve ) the Cavalier had onely said this single sentence , with one adverb , I have heartily taken the oath of Allegiance . As for his good intent , in shewing us what Heresie is , and how odious , we thank him for it , and doe make this use of it , That because Heresie is so odious , therefore we abhorre the Papacy , which hath in it sundry Heresies , Idolatries , and Doctrines of Divels , and is not the Church , but a faction in the Church ; and desire by grace to continue true and lively members of the Church , truly Catholick , consisting of all Kinreds , Tribes , and Nations over the face of the whole earth , whereof Christ Jesus is the onely and unquestionable Head. And if by the Authours mis-perswasions wee should remove from this truly universall Church to become members of the Papacie , wee should remove from the Church truely Catholick , to a piece and portion in the Church ; and that not so much a piece of the Church , as a faction and disease in the Church ; whereof the taking away , and not the increase is a speciall , if not only preservation of the unity and health of the Church truly catholick . And towards this let the Pope hear his a better , even a better Pope then any since him , making a question which he cannot well answer but by removing his universall Headship ; What wilt thou answer to Christ the Head , who goest about to subjugate all his members to thee ? And elsewhere b he saith , that such a one is the fore-runner of Antichrist . But such a one was the Pope within twenty yeers after this was written . And if the Pope , a thousand yeers since , was the fore-runner of Antichrist , we may well thinke that Antichrist is not all this time behind his fore-runner . And now , if the Popes universall Headship bee an Antichristian errour , and an errour unanswerable at the last day , it were good that the Authour himselfe being moved by his owne motives , would withdraw his faith from this Antichristian hereticall Headship , and become a right childe of the Church , truely Christian and Catholick ; wherein , and not in the Papacy , is salvation ▪ But how farre from verity this is which followeth , I thinke hee cannot but see when he comes to himselfe ; his words or insimulations are these , What indeed doe they , but shew by their whole course , that they desire , and resolve to beleeve and professe according to the occasion , and to comply with the superiour powers of this world ? But doth the Authour beleeve when hee is awaked what hee spake in this dreame ? Have the Protestants done thus ? or doth not this Authour know that they have not thus done ? Whom doe Papists esteeme a superiour Power in the world above the Popes ? Therefore they have blasphemed him into a King a of kings , and Lord of lords . And did Luther , and the first Protestants comply with this superiour Power of the world ? Hee b neglected both the threatnings of Cajetane , and the faire promises of Vergerus . Againe , in Queene Maries dayes , did those whom you burned here comply with the superiour powers in point of Religion ? Yea , looke through Christendome , and your owne fires , which you have kindled to consume a world of Protestants , will flash into your faces , blast them , and make them look red with the shame of this scandall . And that which followes is a like empty of Truth ; but , indeed , that emptinesse is againe filled up with malice : They desire to obey appetite and sense , without being ever so much as told , if they can chuse , that they must lose heaven for their labour . You have had Scriptures , Fathers , and Reasons for our Religion , which never yet were , nor never can bee answered ; and with these hath Popery beene battered into pieces . Why then talke you of appetite and sense , when your owne smart and shame can tell you , that wee have had stronger weapons which have beaten you with sound blows ? Rather speake of sense and appetite when you see a Papist in his ●at dayes , before Ashwednesday , to make worke for the Priest , or speak of sense and appetite when a King is moved to goe to the dames of Paris , and then offered to have a Cardinall ( a man of sense and appetite ) to be his Confessor , as Lewis the eleventh at the enterview told Edward the fourth : rather speake of sense and appetite among the stalled Monks , the fleshly Cardinals , the luxurious Popes , that may draw a world of soules into hell both by doctrine and example , and who of you durst say to such a one , What dost thou ? or in our Authours words , tell them that they must have hell for their labour . But indeed , wee justly take it ill , that Papists should tell us , that when wee are going to heaven , we should lose heaven for our labour , onely because wee give not up our soules to this Man and Head of sinne , by schisme and errour leading millions of soules from heaven to hell . Hee goes on , and sayes ; The children in this are as like their Mother as they can looke : For , who perceives not that the Protestant Church doth rather carry a respect to outward conformity , then to reall unity in matter of Religion ; and that indeed they are but as in jest , when there is speech of saving soules in any one Church rather then in another ? A large scandall cast on a whole Church , ( and , I doubt , once this Authours Mother ) yet without proofe , and against proofe ; for no proofe doth hee bring that our Church is in jest in matters of Religion , or accounts all Religious alike : and even his owne words next following might have holpen him to disprove his owne false witnesse ; It is true that they make both Lawes and Canons , whereby they obliged men under a world of penalties to frequent their Churches , and to receive their Sacraments . For the Lawes and Canons which hee mentions , doe expresse a care for the beleeving her doctrine , since they command a subscription to it , a teaching and preaching of it ( and preaching , Saint Paul saith , is the meanes of beleeving ) , and lastly Excommunication against those that affirme the contrary : But the Authour , having spoken a broad scandall against the whole Church , brings in a very narrow tax of some Ministers for a proofe of it : For I put the case , If a man who were knowne to be wholly affected in his heart of the Catholick faith , should yet , for the saving of his lands or goods , resolve to comply with their Lawes , by going to their Churches , and by receiving their Communion ; yea , and withall , should declare in company the day before , that hee was resolved to doe so the day after , for the onely saving of his estate , and for the shewing of obedience to the Kings Lawes ; though yet withall hee were perswaded that their Sacraments were unlawfull , and their Church impure : Would that a Minister refuse to let him goe to his Service , and for to communicate with the rest ? Infallibly hee would not ; and wee see daily , that they doe not in like occasions ; for that Church , as I said , aspires not to unity , but uniformity . But here first let the Reader take notice , That the Cavalier brings in sons of Rome as like the mother as they can looke , and just the same which hee reproved before . For hee speakes of a man who is wholly affected in his heart to the Romish faith , and yet , for saving his goods , will come to the Church and receive our Communion . Now let me borrow the Cavaliers words , and see how his owne words doe fit with his owne Catholicks ; They professe according to the occasion , and comply with the superiour Powers of this world , and obey the motions of appetite and sense , and are as like their mother Rome as they can looke , who for a long time hath fitted Religion to temporall ends , if wee may beleeve judicious and truth-telling Guicciardin . But now , for the admitting of such a one to receive as shall professe his beleeving our Church to bee impure , and our Sacraments unlawfull , I can hardly thinke that this Authour beleeves that our Church doth allow it : For the Canons do excommunicate , ipso facto , those that say our Church is not true , and maintaineth the Apostles doctrine , or affirme part of the Articles is erroneous : now , the doctrine of our Sacraments is a part of the Articles . Besides , the Rubrick before the Communion doth order , That if any have done any wrong to his neighbor by word or deed , the Curate having knowledge thereof , shall call him , and advertise him in any wise not to presume to come to the Lords Table , untill hee have openly declared himself to have truly repented . Now , I think our Church is a very neer and honourable neighbour , and that hee who professeth that hee holds her impure , doth also professe , that hee exceedingly wrongs her ; and then you may see what doth follow : But that I may somewhat speak for Romists ; Though Rome , which is called an Harlot , cannot but have a Whores forehead , yet I professe , that I know no Romist so impudent , I never heard of one , & in charity , I can hardly think there is such a one , that will openly professe our Sacrament to bee unlawfull , and yet receive it presently upon the saying of it : for my part , if I were a Romist , though I indeed knew such Romish Catholicks , I should not boast of their shame to the Protestants , it shewing an extreme need of scandalous objections , when a man must first cast the filth of a scandall at his owne wholly affected ( for so he termes them ) Catholicks , that it may rebound from their faces and light on Protestants . And , for our aspiring to unity , it is far more reall and solide then such a single and slight objection can dissolve or dissever ; for we have those mighty bonds of unity , One God the Father of all , one Lord , and one Spirit ; one Baptisme , and one saving Faiht . Neither is our faith le●t loose to Libertinisme , but the doctrine of it is contained in Articles agreed and subscribed to by the Clergy , and enacted by the State , and ( as hath been shewed ) there is Authority and Law for the punishment of those that cast scandals upon it . SECT . III. Wherein a vaine boast of the Romists confidence in maintaining their Religion by Excommunications is confuted : And an inconsiderate charge , That treason is pretended against Papists Priests in this Realme , because wee dare not avow the punishing them for heresie , is retorted . BUt I wonder no lesse , that this Cavalier should withall boast of his Catholicke Church , That shee is so farre from obliging a man that beleeves not in his heart as shee teacheth , under pecuniary mulcts , to repaire to her Service and Sacraments , that she will by no meanes admit him thereunto , till hee have first cleared himselfe of that suspicion , and sufficiently shewed himselfe free from any such want of beliefe . For first , what kind of converts are those , whom Rome from whatsoever heresie converteth by the Faggot , and admits to her Sacraments ? And is there not very just cause to suspect , that they beleeve not from the heart all that she teacheth , or at least doe not sufficiently shew themselves free from any such want of beliefe , when they are turned to their new faith , onely by such woodden arguments ? Secondly , it seemes this Authours Catholicke Church is not the same Catholicke Church whereof a Optatus and Saint Austin were members . For Catholickes of that Church did compell men to Church by penalties , that did not altogether beleeve in their heart as the Church taught . And wee know , the Churches intent is to bring them to heare , and by hearing to beleeve what shee teacheth , and so to fit them for the Sacraments . Thirdly , b Bellarmine himselfe confesseth , that the Church hath used such meanes for the reducing of Heretickes ; and in the very terms which the Authour denieth , Pecuniary mul●ts . And whereas our Authour eftsoones speakes of Ostiarii , set to keep out men of contrary beliefe , what knowne Protestant in France is hindered , or at least how commonly are they admitted by the imaginary Ostiarii to bee present at the Masse ? And , in the Archdukes Court , Protestants have come to the Masse , and known to bee such by most notorious Papists , though they came in only to see the acting of it . Secondly , what Ostiarii did put off c Catharinus for holding contrary to Trent , That a man by faith may bee sure of his salvation ? Or d Cajetan for holding , That infants dying without Baptisme might be saved ? Who puts off the French , that hold the Councell to be above the Pope ; a point of faith much differing from the present faith of Rome ? That which followeth , I thinke at the first reading may appeare to bee the meere swelling of one that hath drunke the poysoned cup in the hand of the Scarlet Lady . This Church , enriched and endowed with the holy Ghost , proceeds like a body , which knowes it selfe to belong to an omnipotent head , and feares not to avow both what it saith , and what it doth . And , as on the one side shee expresses all the suavity which can bee conceived , and is most ready to wrap up the most enormious sinners of the world , and the most mortall enemies which shee hath , in the very bowels of her compassion , if they will come to God in the way of Penance . For can the Reader keep himselfe from laughter , when he seeth the lofty description of this Romish fortitude ; and withall seeth the low pusillanimity and meannesse of the Pope , taking in an Excommunication denounced against the State of Venice , without penance and satisfaction ; and so neither avowing what it saith , nor what it doth , to the plain disavowing of that which this Cavalier saith ? Againe , doth not this Church proceed much rather like a body ruled with a head possest not with a seventh vertue , but with many of the seven deadly sinnes , whereof a great one is e Covetousnesse . For , doe wee not reade that ( which may make a modest Romist to blush , when hee reades it ) when the f Popes owne souldiers and servants fight for his supremacy , a principall point of their forged and fictitious faith , he by mony hath been brought from avowing what hee said for those servants , and their services . It followes , Shee goes on so farre , if shee see cause to separate them in the quality of Heretickes from her communion , and proceeds not against them as against Traytors to Princes or States , according to that poore shift of Protestants , whose guilty consciences make them not dare ( though their hearts bee well bent that way ) to punish our Priests capitally , as for a corrupt Religion ; but they set upon them false and impudent pretexts of Treason . First , We acknowledge , that the Pope doth outgoe this Authour with his Excommunication ; for hee goes on so farre , not onely when hee sees cause , but when hee sees no cause , to separate from his Communion , even without any proofe of heresie : for , what cause was there seene of excommunicating the King of Navarre out of his Kingdome in the quality of an heretick , who was taken for a Romist ; especially since it is recorded , that the King of Spaine's conscience in his death-bed was not satisfied with the Pope's eye-sight of the cause ; but spake as seeing cause of Restitution , where the Pope pretended cause of Excommunication ? And what cause had the Venetians given of Excommunication , when their Restitution without penance shewes plainely , that they were without cause excommunicated ? And what cause had the Pope for excommunicating Queene Elisabeth , and giving away her Kingdome ? And whereas you say , Shee proceeds not against them as against Traytors to Princes or States ; This is so true , that I cannot confute it . But to make your truth yet more true , I must also add this , That your Papacy proceeds against Protestants , because they will not bee Traytors to Princes or States ; as appeares by the penance of the Irish Pilgrime formerly mentioned ; and by the Bull of Pius quintus , where hee curseth and excommunicateth those subjects that will not bee Traytors to their Soveraigne : And indeed , by that Bull the Papists themselves were exceedingly troubled betweene two feares ; one of being tyed with the cords of this excommunication for want of Treason ; and another , of being tyed up for Treason , in obeying this Excommunication : Which griefe , with the remedy thereof , I finde thus described by Master Hart , a not unlearned Romist ; The Bull of Pius quintus ( for so much of it as is against the Queene ) is holden among the English Catholicks for a lawfull sentence , and a sufficient discharge of her subjects fidelity , and so remaines in force ; but in some points touching the Subjects , it is altered by the present Pope . For , where in that Bull all her subjects are commanded not to obey her , and shee being excommunicated and deposed , all that doe obey her are likewise innodate and accursed ; which point is perillous to the Catholicks : for if they obey her , they bee in the Popes curse ; and if they disobey her , they are in the Queenes danger : therefore the present Pope , to releeve them , hath altered that part of the Bull , and dispensed with them to obey and serve her without perill of Excommunication ; which Dispensation is to endure but till it please the Pope otherwise to determine . But whereas this Authour saith , That the guilty consciences of Protestants make them not dare to punish Priests capitally , as for a corrupt Religion ; I leave it to the wisdome of State to consider how farre such an imputation of guilt deserves to bee removed . And let his owne fellowes weigh with themselves whether this Authour hath acted the part of a Cavalier both valiant and wise , thus to provoke clemencie armed with power , by putting the scandall and shame of guiltinesse upon it ? And whether hee hath not brought a kinde of necessitie of capitall punishments for the removing of his owne objection of guilt : especially , since they who thus provoke patient clemency to turne into severity , have also already made smooth the way for it ; for they have a plentifully proved , That Idolatry should bee punished with death ; And the other halfe have the Protestants mightily and inevitably evicted ; That right or very Popery is right Idolatry : And now what hinders , but that this Authour may have his desired conclusion of capitall punishment for an Idolatrous Religion , and not onely for Treason . But as here his valour was inconsiderate , so now his inconsideration is valiant : For , not weighing the Treasons of Priests , nor indeed , the reasons by which they have approved the Justice of Lawes made against them ; this Authour in a blind hardinesse , to his owne shame , doth accuse Protestants of Impudence and Falsehood . For , that many Priests have been actuall Traitors , our Chronicles too plentifully shew ; and their owne b Pens have witnessed to the world the justice of our Lawes , even against those Priests who have not bin taken in actuall Treason . And now that this Authour may help us ( as hee usually doth ) towards his owne confutation , hee giveth us a sentence that is a sword for the slaying of his owne Charity Mistaken : His words are these ; As the Catholick Church is most perfectly charitable , so withall shee thinkes shee cannot expresse the vertue better , then by clearely distinguishing betweene truth and falshood , and by exhorting men to imbrace the one , and to avoid the other : so far off is she from demeriting by letting Protestants know , that if they dye impenitent in that Religion , they lose their soules . Here is that truth which I told him long since , and which hath already served to overthrow a great part of his former discourse ; That Charity cannot be better expressed then by clearly distinguishing between truth and fashood , and by exhorting men to imbrace the one , and to avoyd the other . For , herein doe the Romists exceedingly offend against Charity , and can hardly better expresse the contrary ( Uncharitablenesse ) then by putting truth into place of falsehood , and by exhorting men to imbrace falsehood , and to avoyd truth . And untill the Authour hath disproved this mistaking , our Accusation of Romish uncharitablenesse still stands on foote , and his owne plea for Rome lyes still unproved : And Rome though very meritorious , yet doth much demerit , yea , sinne against Charity , for falsly telling Protestants , That they lose their soules if they dye impenitent in a true Religion . CHAP. XIII . Wherein are discussed divers false inferences from some Protestants doctrine , urged by the Cavalier in the Conclusion of his Booke , to seduce men to Popery ; and encountred with some true inferences drawne from Popish doctrines , the better to perswade men from that Sect. SECT . I. The Protestants denyall of Merit no principle of corrupt living . THis Authour having lost , or rather given away his cause in the premisses of his discourse , the conclusion sutable to such losing premisses should have been a meere surrender : and accordingly he should have said , That , notwithstanding all improbabilities , it is very probable that Romists want charity to Protestants , when they take them for odious persons , fall foule on them , blow them up , burne them , and damne them . And secondly , That though it be true that there is but one Church , and one Faith , wherein is salvation : yet Protestants being of this one Church , and having this Faith , and so being in the way of salvation , it is not an untruth but a truth , that they want charity who hate and damne the Protestants which are saved . Yet our Authour goes on like Pharaoh , and to him ( as to Pharaoh ) may be said , Knowest thou not yet that Egypt is destroyed ? Doth he not know the citie , which is spiritually Egypt and Sodome , is going to destruction ? and the probabilities and reasons are dead , by which ( as by garisons ) this Egypt is maintained and defended ? Wherefore it were good , that both he and Rome would let the men goe , that they may serve the Lord their God. But Rome still goes on in her purpose of holding the Church in bondage ; yea , shee sends forth Souldiers and Cavaliers to fetch back those who are gone out from her yoke , whereof this Champion is one . And now , that the sonnes of Rome may imitate the infirmities of Saint Peter , wherein especially their Fathers are his Successors , hee comes with a piece of that pitie wherewith Saint Peter would have Christ to have pitied himselfe ; but so , that ( without pitie ) hee should have lost the salvation of the whole world ; so would this Authour have Protestants to pity themselves , even to the danger of their salvation ; and by a deadly Apostacie to turne from the living God to Romish Idolatry : But hee doubts his pitie will prove but a sleight and empty perswasion , and therefore to a vaine pitie hee addeth some reasons which want nothing more then truth to make them forcible ; Hee saith , That Protestant doctrine ( under his false Title of heresie ) is a Nursery of corrupt principles concerning life : and when hee hath said it , hee brings ( as hee is wont ) proofes that do not prove it ; yet thus hee begins even in his Conclusion ; When they teach men that there is no merit belonging to good workes ( though they bee confess'd by us to flow but from the grace and goodnesse of Christ our Lord ) what courage doe they give men to bee frequent and chearfull in doing of good works ? But is not this speech unworthy of a noble Cavalier , much more of a Christian ? For , were it not ignoble in a Knight , when his Father commands him to doe some valiant service for his honour or defence , to answer him , hee hath no courage to doe him service , because thereby he cannot merit any thing from him , seeing hee oweth all his service , and himselfe unto him ? Thus , because his Father hath deserved all , therefore hee will doe nothing . Againe , If a Father should tell his Sonne , Doe what thou canst to please mee ; or as Isaac , Goe kill mee some venison , and I will freely give thee a blessing , though the venison deserve it not : should the Son wisely returne this answer to his Father , Sir , I have no encouragement by your free promise or gift of this blessing , except I can merit it from you by my venison ? But ingenuous Christians , Saints , and Sonnes of God , whose understandings and wils are truely ennobled by the Divine Spirit , are farre of another minde ; they have indeed the divine gift of Love , and thereby love God as a Father , that hath already so merited of them all that they are and have , that his merit is to them a most sufficient motive to serve him heartily , even with all that might and being which they have received from him . Accordingly , the man according to Gods owne heart calls upon all mankinde for their service , as due to God for making them ; Come let us kneele and worship before God our Maker . Againe , the love of God in redeeming us hath deserved all our love and service ; and accordingly the Apostle rap'd into the third heaven , saith , The love of Christ constraineth us : and why doth it constraine ? because wee thus judge , that if Christ dyed for us , wee should live to him . Gods merits in creating and redeeming us are strong motives to serve him , though wee cannot merit of him : though Gods merit is so great , that it hath swallowed up all our merits ; we are therefore to serve him not the lesse , but the more , the more hee hath deserved beyond our requitall . A good Sonne would serve and obey this heavenly Father for that which hee hath done , though hee gave him nothing hereafter . And surely , if there were not such an affection even in humanitie , how should thee sonne of a poore father ever doe him service ? But yet wee doe not stop here , because the bounty of our heavenly Father doth not stop , but enlargeth it selfe further ; for though God hath already deserved of us all that we can doe , so that all that wee can doe were but our dutie : yet hee goes on , and promiseth to give rewards even for doing our duty : And doth not this reward move us as much , being given by free promise , as if it were gotten by the workers merit ? yea , much more in a noble worker : For , such a one will reason thus ; My heavenly Father freely gives mee infinite rewards , even an excessively exceeding weight of glory for small and moment any passions and actions ; hee gives mee that which hee is not bound to give , hee gives that which I can never deserve ; and shall I not couragiously and affectionately serve him who is so freely gracious and bountifull to mee far beyond my deserts ? But indeed , much rather ( and that contrary to Romish Divinity ) out of a right consideration of Gods great rewards , and our great unworthinesse , ( wee being , if Iacob say true , lesse then the least of Gods mercies ) wee may truely affirme , That we can have no courage to good workes , if wee will not worke without a true confidence of Merits : For , if Gods rewards be beyond all merits ( as it needes must bee , since hee himselfe , whom all that we have and are cannot merit , is our exceeding great reward ) how should there bee good works raised from the confidence in that merit which is not ? And though there be an excellency in the grace of the Spirit by which wee worke ; yet even that grace is a free loane , and wee are debters to God for it , and how can wee merit of him by growing in debt unto him ? especially , because the money wherewith we should pay those debts is of a baser Alloy , by the mixture of our corruption , then that which wee received , and whereby wee became debtors ? And wee cannot pay debts , much lesse become meriters by paying ten borrowed Talents of pure gold , with ten Talents of the metall of Nebuchadnezzars Image . Therefore the Saints a trust perfectly in the grace of God , and not in their merits , and from that grace , as from a boundlesse and bottomelesse Ocean , fetch most sufficient motives of good works : While they have grace that enables them to worke , and grace that forgives the imperfection of their workes , and grace that rewards whatsoever goodnesse is in their workes ; yea , even the will for the deede , they are mightily encouraged to continue in good workes , knowing that Their labour thus is not in vaine in the Lord. And herein their hearts agree with the heart of him that rewardeth them ; For his eyes are on them that feare him , and trust in his mercie . They feare God , and by good workes keepe his Commandements ; but they trust not in the merits of their workes , but in Gods mercy : And in such God takes delight , and loves to behold them ; and if God love to behold them , hee will also bring them to behold him in a beatificall vision . SECT . II. Wherein are contained these two Tenets : 1. That the best workes of Gods children are mixed with some sinne . 2. That no man doth , or will perfectly fulfill the whole Law ; And yet ( contrary to the Cavaliers lame Inferences ) there are encouragements sufficient to good works , and to use our best endeavours toward the fulfilling of the Law. BUt that which followeth next , requires a patient Reader : For , if the Articles of the Church of England bee but compared with this Authours words , I doubt the Reader will feele some need of patience ; The Authours words are these ; And what cause can they assigne why men should abstain from sin , when they teach them that the best workes which are performed by the greatest Saints in the world are no better then sinnes , and they in their owne nature mortall ? The Articles words are these ; Albeit that works which are the fruits of faith , and follow after justification cannot put away our sinnes , and endure the severity of Gods judgement , yet are they pleasing and acceptable to God in Christ. And the like approbation of good works by the Church of Scotland , and forraine Churches of Protestants is to bee seene in the harmonie of Confessions : Wherefore , I should offend my Reader to say much against this , which appeares so plainely to be a scandall , even one of those coales of Iuniper which comes from devouring tongues ; and I wonder it had not burned the tongue or the conscience of the speaker . Briefly , wee hold , that a good tree ( made good by Regeneration , and ingrafted by faith into Christ Jesus ) bringeth forth good fruit , even this fruit of good works : and these works , as much as they come from the sappe of the roote of Christ Jesus , and partake of his fatnesse , so much are they good ; but as much as they partake of us , and our remnant of a corruption , so much are they faulty . This faultinesse hath need of mercy , and receiveth it through Christ , into whom wee are ingrafted ; but this being removed by Christ , the goodnesse which the worke hath from Christ shall eternally bee rewarded . And this reward is a very good motive to good works unto all those who , with Moses , have an eye of faith where with truely to see the recompence of the reward . Hee goes on , and askes , When they teach men that the Commandements of God are not possibly to bee kept by any man , even with the helpe of Divine grace , what reason can they have either to exhort men to keepe Gods Commandements , or to reprove them for infringing the same . The Cavalier is here troubled , and troubles us with an old b Pelagian businesse of the possibilitie of keeping the Law , which S. Hierome long since told them , was but to speak of a power which was never brought to effect : For it is affirmed by the Fathers , and too much experience confirmeth it , that how possible soever the keeping of the Law is ; yet no man ever brought this possibility to an actuall keeping of the Law. To what end then doth hee talk of this possibility , which gives such small encouragement by being ineffectuall , that his owne words may neer bee retorted against him ? For what encouragement doe Romists give to the keeping of the Commandements , when they speake of such a possibility of keeping them , by which no man yet did ever keepe them ? So that a man may thus only encourage himselfe by this possibility , that except he do that by it , which never man did before him , hee shall never keepe the Commandements by it . Besides , S. Paul saith , ‖ That the flesh so lusteth against the spirit , that Christians cannot do what they would ; which is as much as if he had said , They cannot be perfect if they would : for even c Paul saith of himself , † That the good which he would do he had not power to effect , neither had he yet attained a full * resurrection from the dead ; and yet no doubt he improved the power which he had beyond any Romist : For hee saith , he did reach forth , ( a terme of straining , and mighty indeavour ) yea , hee did presse towards the marke ; yet , notwithstanding all this he confesseth , that hee had not attained , he was not already perfect . And now let Romists encourage their disciples by proposing a perfection of righteousnesse to which S. Paul attained not . And the question lies not in this , what the grace of God can do ; but what man can do , having grace only in measure , and withall a great measure and remainder of concupiscence and law of the members . For , though the foot of grace would go upright , yet the other foot of corruption addeth a lamenesse ; and so the best Christian , like Iacob , goes halting . Neither therefore is it a just reason for a son that goes halting , yet with halting is able to perform some messages of his father , not to performe what hee may , being commanded by his father : yea , he may be hereby encouraged to indeavour the more to do his fathers * commands , because he hath a father that knowes his infirmity , and his striving against it , and the more he strives , the more hee will reward him . d A learner that cannot write so well as his coppy , yet is to bee encouraged to write so well and so like it as he can . And surely , if it were otherwise , the Cavaliers reason might discourage most Schollers from the study of Philosophy , because they cannot bee so good Philosophers as Aristotle . And it might have discouraged the Cavalier from writing Controversies , because there was no possibility for him to do it so well as Bellarmine . e But to give this point a more serious conclusion ; This state of imperfection , wherein with the new man begotten by grace , there is left a remnant of the old man begotten by nature , doth not lessen the power of Gods grace , but sets forth the wisdome of Gods dispensation . God , whose Spirit bloweth where , and how hee listeth , for many wise ends , and especially for his owne glory , dispenseth his grace in this manner , and measure , and mixture . For first , the corruption remaining with grace , doth humble man before God , and cause him to have a low conceipt of himselfe , and an high estimation of Gods grace , of which hee hath continuall need ; the sufficiency whereof alone can forgive his falls , and raise him from falling , and enable him to stand , and walke in the pathes of holinesse in such a manner as the same grace will accept . Secondly , This life being appointed to the Church militant for a warfare , and the warfare for a way to the Crowne ; this contrariety of the flesh to the spirit is not the least part of this warre ; and to those that fight the good fight of faith , it serves for a way of advancement to the Crowne : For , the more combates of the flesh , the more conquests of the spirit , and so the greater enjoyings of the celestiall Crowne . And thirdly , God is mightily glorified , who by a little grace , even a graine of mustard-seed , opposed by a strong concupiscence , and that backed by a world of tentations , and by those Tempters which are Principalities and Powers , ( though through many foyles , faintings , and failings ) the little graine becomes a tree , the smoking flaxe becomes a fire , and judgement is brought to victory . Though wee lose in some single combats , yet wee are gainers in the whole warre , and wee become more then Conquerours through him that loveth us . And indeed , this growing nature of the seed of grace , and especially the victorious successe which Gods grace giveth to it , is a most strong encouragement to good works ; even such as all objected imperfection of righteousnesse can never overthrow : for , though it bee so little , either at first in the beginning of it , or perchance after in some spirituall desertions , ( for there are ebbs and flouds of grace ) yet wee are mightily encouraged to good workes , because that seed is not onely a remaining , but a growing seed ; the house of Saul growes weaker , and the house of David stronger : wee come still neerer to perfection , though wee doe not fully attaine it ; wee grow from babes to young men , from young men to that measure of stature which is appointed to us in Christ Jesus . Lastly , our state of imperfection doth serve for an incentive , to spur up our desires towards the state of perfection : For , when wee draw up hardly and painfully towards Gods holy mountaine , with a weight of flesh pressing downe , and a body of sinne cleaving fast , wee pant towards heaven , and send up grones of the Spirit , which speake in their language ; when shall wee come and appeare before God ? Wee desire to bee delivered from the body of sinne , unto the glorious liberty of the sonnes of God : our soules being wearied , and parched , and dryed up with the flames and vexations of tentations and sinnes , thirst for the living God , and desire to satisfie their thirst in the River of pleasures , which floweth from his presence , whose streames are perfect holinesse , and perfect happinesse . SECT . III. That the doctrine of denying free will doth not abridge the doing of good , and justice of punishment for evill doing . THere is yet one question more , which must have an answer , rather for some weakenesse which it may meet , then for any strength which is in it , When they profess that men have not so much as free will to doe any good work at all , when they are first moved and assisted to it by the good grace of God , with what sense can they encourage men to do any thing which is good ? or with what justice can they punish them for omitting the same ? The Cavalier is deceived himselfe , as it seems , and goes about to deliver over his deceipt unto his Reader ; For , we doe not say , That men have not so much as free will , being moved by effectuall grace ; But , That they have not so little as free will : For , wee hold , that the will being moved effectually by grace , is more then free will ; for it is free will fortified , actuated , and animated by grace . So his Reader is deceived by him , if he be perswaded by these words , that wee doe not allow men actuated by grace so much as free will ; for we allow them more . And indeed , wee allow them much more then Romists , and they quarrell with us because wee allow them so much : Yet the more power and efficacy we allow grace in the will , the lesse efficacy hath the Cavaliers objection ; but the more encouragement have men to good works : For the more God helpeth the will , the more couragiously may the will go on to working ; and the more may exhortation call for good works . Indeed , if God did not worke in us to will and to do , but left man to stand only on the motion of his own will , exhortations might have but a cold encouragement , standing meerly at the mercy of the creature for successe and effect . But when God gives what he commands , then may exhortations call for the performance of Gods commands . As for humane justice in punishing , hee may know that our opinion doth not oppose but approve it . For even your own a Vega , in the Councell of Trent , acknowledgeth That Protestants affirme a liberty in Philosophicall justice , and in externall workes of the Law. But of free will I may here say the lesse , because I have spoken somewhat of it before , and elsewhere is more largely unfolded the truth of the point , and the consent of our Church . SECT . IIII. That the Idolatry and bloud which springs from the Religion of Rome , should deterre men from consorting with her . BUt here I may give this returne to the Romists : Upon the love of God and man depends the whole Law ; And in the love of God a principall place is given to the worship of God in spirit and truth : And in the love of man a chiefe place is given to the preservation of his life . Idolatry and murder being contrary to these , are maine breaches of this royall Law of love : Now Rome permitting the doctrines and practice of idolatry and murder , ( the maine breaches of the Law of God ) with what face can she require the keeping of other lawes and lesser duties , that gives such encouragement to the breach of these greater ones ? a Tertullian proves idolatry alone to be a breach of every Commandement ; and besides , it will not bee hard to prove that Rome , jointly with idolatry , gives encouragement to the breach of every Commandement : but I especially fasten on these two , whose eminent guilt is haunted with the continuall out-cry of the Prophets , and at length avenged with heavie judgements by the Judge of the whole earth : And indeed , commonly these sins are twins , the same evil spirit first working by idolatry , as it were a not being of God in the faith and worship of man , and then provoking man to destroy the Image of that God whom he hath formerly abolished . But most fearfull sinnes they are , and their hideousnesse may be seen in the horrid face of the judgements , which have beene the counterparts and representations of them . He that would behold painted unto the life the lamentable countenance of these judgements , let him with an heart of life and sense read over the Lamentations of Ieremy ; And he that will see Idols and bloud to have been the maine meritorious causes of these judgements , let him reade the words both of other * Prophets , and the same Ieremy . But if for these Jerusalem hath been judged , what shall become of Rome ? For , Rome is the mother of spirituall fornications , and in her is found the bloud of all that are slaine on earth : The power of Rome crucified the Lord Jesus , it slew millions of the Martyrs of Iesus under the heathen Emperours , it hath added to these millions the multitudes of those who have been slaine under the beast with hornes of a Lamb. And how loud is the cry of all this bloud being united in one voice ? Wherefore , let my counsell be acceptable to you , ( I speake to the children of Rome , that they may be saved ) Heare the voice of Gods Spirit , Come out of her my people , before God heare the voyce of this bloud , and then ye be partakers of her judgements : For she that is drunk with the bloud of the Saints shall vomit it up againe , and her owne bloud with it ; shee shall fall and never rise againe , for the word of God hath spoken it . Wherefore , do not joyn with that idolatrous company of Mourners , which shall lament for her when they shall see the smoake of her burning ; but bee found among the heavenly company of Rejoycers , which sing Alleluia , Salvation , and glory , and honour , and power unto the Lord our God. For , true & righteous are his judgments , for he hath judged the great whore , which did corrupt the earth with her fornication , & hath avenged the bloud of his servants at her hand . And thus the Man of sinne , and all the enemies of Christ being made his foote-stoole , wee will hope that the kingdome of grace shall bee speedily changed into the kingdome of glory . And for the hastening of that glory , wee will pray for the speedy subduing of these enemies ; For this glory being come , wee shall by the King of glory and peace bee translated into that peace , where we shall be free from the vexations of enmity . There shall be no controversies , emulations , factions , and schismes for Religion , but without controversie the great mystery of godlinesse shall appear unto us in a perfect discovery , light , & glory : Yea , there the Church shall be made capable of seeing the highest glory , and in this sight shee shall be glorified : The Father and Fountaine of glory shall shine into her , and in his light she shall see light , and by his light shee shall be light ; And hee that filleth her with light , shall also fill her with joy ; for the light of Gods countenance is the joy of the soule , and yet with it will hee powre into the soule the new wine of the kingdome , the oyle of gladnesse issuing from his Spirit , which shall make up the joyes of a consummate marriage , and fill the Spouse with extasies , and overflowings of joy unspeakable and glorious . And thus tasting how sweet the Lord is in the joies of a most fruitive union , these joyes shall enflame her loves , and her loves shall kindle her joyes ; shee shall taste and see God , who is the chiefe object of her love ; shee shall rejoice in seeing and tasting him whom she loveth , and shee must needs fervently love him , in whom shee findes and feeles such exceeding joy . Thus shall shee run in a circle of Love and Joy , and this circle of Love and Joy shall bee for all eternity : for the same God , who is to her a Fountain of joy , shall be also to her a Well of life ; and so shall shee live , and love , and rejoice for ever . An eternall God shall be seene , tasted , loved , and enjoyed by an everliving Church in everlasting blessednesse . Amen , Amen . FINIS . Notes, typically marginal, from the original text Notes for div A57693-e220 2 Sam. 18. Page 81. Notes for div A57693-e440 ● Joh. 3.14 . John 13.34 . John 17.21 . 1 Cor. 12.13 . Eph. 5 ▪ Col 3 . 1● . 1 Joh. 5. ●● Psal. 16.2 , 3. Eph. 5.8 . Eph. 4.24 . 1 Sam. 13.14 ▪ 2 Pet. 1.4 . 2 Cor. 3.18 . Gal. 5.22 . Eph. 5.9 . Claud. Ma● . de statu animae . Lib. 1. C●l . 3.14 , 1● . James 3.18 . 1 Cor. 12.12 , 13. Gal. 5.15 . Rō . 14.17 , 18. Phil. 2. Heb. 7.2 . Joh. 17.21 . Colos. 3.15 . Mar. 9.50 . Chrysol . Ser. 54. Act. 10.15 . Colos. 1.4 . Eph. 4.3.16 . 1 John 5.1 . 2 Tim. 2.22 . Docere voluit quod haec tria sibi invicem connexa sint , & cohaerent Deus , Christus , & Ecclesia , seu universitas credentium , adeo ut qui 〈◊〉 ex his vel diligat vel odiat , omnia diligat aut odiat . Ferus 1 Ioh. 5. James 4.5 . and 3.14 , 15. 1 Joh. 3.19 . Ver. 14. 1 John 4.12 . Ver. 13. Act. 10.35 . Col. 3.10 . Gal. 6.15 , 16. Eph. 4.16 . 1 Joh. 3.14 . & 4.7 . Cass●nd . de 〈…〉 . a Homily of Whitsontide . b The name Papists is from an whole state and order of chiefe Governors , to whom wee are bound to cleave in Religion , and to obey in all things . So , to bee a Papist , is to bee a Christian man , a childe of the Church , and subject to Christs Vicar . Romish Test. on Act. 11. ver . 26. Pontificem Romanum quem Papam dicimus tantum non Deum faciunt , ejusque authoritatem non modo supra totam Ecclesiam , sed supra ipsam Scripturam divinam efferunt , & sententiam ejus divinis oraculis parem , imò infallibilem ●idei regulam constituunt ; hos non video quo minus Pseudo-Catholicos & Papistas appellare possis . Cassan. de Offic. pii viri . c Neque id tantum de Occiduis , sed etiam Orientalibus Ecclesiis , ut Graecorum , &c. Id. Ibid. Brier-wood his Inquiries of Tongues and Religions . cap. 18. Id. cap. 21. & 24. Judg. ●● . Azor. Instit. moral . lib. 8. cap. 10.11.12 . Bellarm. de 〈◊〉 , cap. 21. a Omnis Spiritus qui solvit Jesum , & negat in carne venisse , de Deo non est , sed hic de Antichristo est , &c. Nunquid omnis qui non negat ●●sum in carne venisse , Spiritum Dei habet ▪ Sed hanc negationem in opere , non in voce esse — . Si credat Christum inca●na●um , quiescat odi●e memb●a Christi . Si credit Verbum caro-●actum , quid persequitur in carne Verbum caro-factum ? — Non op●●●tur mal●m in Christi carne , hoc est , in servis suis , quoniam Domin●● & Eccl●sia una caro est : In quà carne si credit esse hominem , cur non ●●●igit , aut q●od c●udeliùs est , cur odit ? sicut scriptum est , Qui non 〈…〉 in morte : & , Qui fratrem suum odit homi●ida est . Aliud in 〈…〉 evidentius signū cognoscendi Antichristi non esse dixit , quā , Q●i negat 〈◊〉 carne , idem edit fratrem . Ticonius in his Rules , which Rules are co●mended by S. A●●ust . de Doctr. Christ. lib. 3. cap. 30. Plures essicimur quoties metimur à vobis : Semen est sanguis Christianorum . T●rt . Apolog. Heb. 2.14 . a Hist. Con. Tr● . l. 5. id 〈◊〉 . 1558 b The souldiers & common executioners refusing to kill the Protestants at Lyons , the butchers were impl●y●d in it . Comment . ●f France . c Ab origine Jesuitarum , ad annum 1580. hoc est , paulò pluribus quàm 30. annis nongenta serè millia fuisse trucidata notat ●●lduinus de Antichrist● , C●ment . Apoc. d See B. Iewels answer to this Bull. 1 Pet. 2.17 . e See B. Carltons Thankfull Remembrance , and there the continuall treasons and rebellions following the Popes Bull & Curse , but followed with a curse . Num. 23.8 . N●m . 22.6 . Heb. 11.32 . f The first was made General , Baron , Vicoūt , Earle , & Marquesse by the Pope . The second set on worke by hearing the Popes Bull extolled . The third took his infection from the second , and Ballard a Priest. The fourth would not kill the Q● . except the Pope did approve it , & give him a plenary indulgence ; which was assured to him by a Cardinals letter , to bee seene in Speeds Chronicle . g K. Iames his Apology of the O●th . The only reason th●y gave for plo●●ing so hainous an attempt , was the ze●le they 〈…〉 . Maldonate in Ioh. 4. Isa. 47.5 . Rev. 17.6 . Rev. 17. 2 Sam. 20.12 , 13. 1 Joh. 2.20 . a Dominum Christum , Antich●ist●s , non voto , sed occasione praedicat . Aliò t●nde●s s●b Christi nom●n ingreditur . quo sibi 〈…〉 , quo su● Christ● nomin● ventri pa●●a● . Ty●on . Reg. b Being raised by th●se steps unto earthly Power , they laid aside by little and little the care of souls , & of divine precepts , so that setting their affectiōs wholly upon earthly greatnesse , & using their spirituall authority only as an instrument of their temporal , they seemed rather to bee secular Princes , then Priests . Guicc●rdine , Lib. 4. S●e the additio●● to the later Edition of the History of T●ent . c In iis qui Romanae Ecclesiae Gubernatores & propugnatores haberi volunt , illud improbandum existimo , quod morbum nullum agnoscunt , & ( quod huic rei consequens est ) remedia non admittunt ; imò , de correctione admonentes & ad curationem exhortantes : operamque suā ad id efficiendum offerentes , non modo rejiciunt , & ab Ecclesiae societate depellunt , verum etiam multis in lo●is crud●liter interficiēdos cēsuerunt : Quae res huic miserabili Schismatici occasione dedisse videtur . Cassa● . de of●ic . pii viri . d Ministros subornat suos , velut ministros justitiae , asserentes noctem pro die , & perfidiam sub praetextu fidei , Antichristum sub vocabulo Christi ; ut dum verisimilia mentiuntur , veritatem subtilitate frustrentur . Cyprian . de Unitate Ecclesiae . Suar. in 3. T. 3. Disp. 32. Sect. 2. Judg. 15.18 . Joh. 6.55 . 1 Cor. 10.3 , 4. Mat. 26.28 . Heb. 9.22 . 1 Cor. 14.11 . Rom. 7.10 . Eph. 4.8 . 1 Kin. 12.32 . a Utramque potestatem , nimirum , cōsecrandi , & absolvendi . Vasq. in 3. T. 3. Disp. 239. C. 1. & C. 3. Ex Medina . In duas has partes esse distributum . b Cardinals & Bishops let not to make their servants , their Co●ks and Horse-keepers Priests , whereby Ecclesiasticall persons are be●●me a jest and laughing-stock to every man. Bish. of Valence in the 〈◊〉 of France , Part. 1. lib. 2. Hos. 4.6 . 1 Tim. 4.1 , 2 , 3 ●●ssan Consult . Art. 13. Eph. ● . Lombard . lib. 4. dist . 2. lit . A. Cass. quo supra . a Pamelius in his Notes upon Tertul. de praescrip . ad haeret . cap. 41. saith , We will prove extreme Unction to bee a Sacrament of the Church , especially because it promiseth health , o● recovery . And Cassander , by the ancient prayer , benediction and hymnes , ad corporal●● morbi le●ationem p●rtin●re , that it pertaines to bodily recovery : Which is also the opinion of the Master of S●n●●nces . b Mark 6.13 . c Iam. 5.14 , 15. Bellarm. de extr●m . unct . cap. 5. Rom. 14.23 . b Hypognost . lib. 5. where a third place being denyed besides heaven and hell , Erasmus in the ●argent puts the word Pur●●●●rium : But the Spanish Purgatorie hath pu●ged and taken away this Purgatory . Index Hisp. a Dogma de purgatorio igne exterminandum est ab Ecclesia , &c. The doctrine of Purgatorie should be rooted out of the Church , because it makes men careless of purging themselves in this life , while they looke for another purging hereafter : Graecus de purgatorio igne . To which add , that the purging fire hereafter may bee taken away for mony ; and so they need not to be troubled with purging here or herafter . To this end ( Hist. Trid. lib. 1. ) Leo the tenth sent an Indulgence & pardon for sinnes through all Christendome , granting it to whosoever would give mony ; and extending it to the dead , for whom , when the disbursement was made , his will was , that they should bee freed from the paines of Purgatory . a Quia sunt 〈◊〉 qui 〈…〉 , Psalmodiaeve , necessarios in exercendis artificiis ; labores def●giunt , illud est intelligendum , certis quidem aliis quibusdam in rebus 〈◊〉 ●e●tam unicuique temporis tempestivitatem ; ut est apud Ecclesia●●●● , qui omni negotio suum esse tempus dici● ; orationi verò , & 〈…〉 sicut in aliis etiam plerisque , nullū non esse tempus 〈…〉 licet , ut vel in eo ipso dū manibus opus tractamus , & linguâ 〈…〉 ( quandocunque id fieri potest , aut expedit potiùs , & ad fidei 〈…〉 conducit ) munere hoc fungi possimus ; sin id minus , corde 〈…〉 Psalmis , & hymni● , & canticis spiritualibus Deum colla●demus , 〈…〉 ita orationi satisfaciamus : interim dum laboramus 〈…〉 . b Basil. Regul . susius disput . in cap. 37. In telis texendis , in consuendorum calceamentorum Artificio , & maximè agriculturâ . Ib. cap. 38. c Hieron . ad Rusticum . d Nullo modo enim decet , ut in ea vita ubi fiant Senatores laboriosi , ibi fiant opifices otiosi . August . de opere Monachorum , cap. 5. Mallem per singulos dies certis horis , quantum in benè moderatis Monasteriis constitutum est , aliquid manibus operari . Ib. cap. 29. e Ut de opere Monachorum librum conscriberem , illa me necessitas compulit quòd cùm apud Carthaginem Monasteria esse caepissent , alii se suis manibus transig●bant , obtemperantes Apostolo : Alii verò ex oblationibus Religiosorum vivere volebant , ut nihil operantes unde necessaria vel haberent , vel supplerent , se potiùs implere praeceptum Evangelicum existimarent , atque jactarent , ubi Dominus ait , Respicite Volatilia coel● , & Lilia agri ? August . Retract . lib. 2. cap. 21. f Operari manibus , bonum est corpori , deseruit Spiritui , aedificatio est proximi , & reparatio est sensus nostri . Et si interdum pigri sumus , tamen perseverando vincimus . T. Campensis . De disciplina clausteralum . lib. 5. cap. 4. Florui● circa annum Salutis incarna●ae , M. CCCC.X g Pater noster Benedictus , otium detestans Monachorum , in Regula quā nobis tradidit , inquit , Otiositas inimica est animae , & ideò certis temporibus occupari debent Monachi in labore manuum , cerrisque item ho●is in lectione divina . Tunc ●nim verè sunt Monachi , si labore manuum suarū vivunt , ficut & patres nostri fecerunt , & Apostoli . — Item , Erat in primordio Monastici status ista consuetudo Monachorum , ut nullum sine labore admitterent ad sui consortium , &c. verùm posteaquam census Monachi habere caep●runt & redditus , p●istina mox simpli●itatis studia defecerant , crevitque paulatim cum divitiis rerū tēporalium supe●bia , in tantū , ut labores manuum omnes cum tempore Monachi recu●●●ent . — Ne igitur panē vestrum manducetis otiosi , semper vos aliquo l●bo●e honesto & utili opo●t●bit esse mancipatos , quo & mens à taedio relev●●ur observantiae ●egularis , & inopia gravis vel in parvo saltem 〈◊〉 : Messis ●empore ad ●●●num , & autumni diebu● ad vindemiam vos 〈◊〉 extra Monasterium con●uevimus occupare , &c. 〈…〉 ●●●acho●u● 〈…〉 . h Monachismus sinceritatē suam retinens , nō aliud est quàm sincerior Christianismus . Talem primam Christo credentiū Ecclesiam fuisse , qualis nūc Monachi esse nituntur . Gabr. Puterbeus frater . i But Clemens of Alexandria thinks that a man more perfectly imitates the Apostles in a married then a Monasticall life . Qui autem fuerit persectus , exempla habet Apostolos ; & reverà vir probatur , non in eo quod vitam elegerit Monasticā : ve●ū ille viros vincit qui in matrimonio & libero●ū procreatione , & domus cura ac providentia citra voluptatē & dolorē se excercet & cum in Familiae versetur curatione , indivulsus tamen est à Dei charitate , in surgitque adversus omnē tentationem quae affertur , per filios , uxorē , & famulos , & possessiones . Clem. Alex. Strō . l. 7. And Chrysostome differs not much from him : Ne Monachum quidem magnopere admiremur , quod is apud se vivens , neque commoveatur , neque in multa ac magna peccata prolabatur : Neque enim ei res illae adsunt , quibus ipse animo irritetur , aemuleturque : sin verò quis se turbis un versis tradiderit , animum ipsum vel tempestate actum tanquam in malacia & tranquillitate gubernans , hic dignus est quem omnes plaus● & admiratione prosequantur . Chrysost. de Sa●●rd . l. 5 k Ne quem offendat quod in hac Epistola , sicut nec in superioribus Divus Hieronymus nihil eorum praecipit , quae his temporibus à Monachis exiguntur . De tribus illis votis quae vocant Solennia , ne verbum quidē ullum . Sed meminisse debemus id quod palam liquet ex hujus scriptis , aetate Hieronymi nondum fuisse hoc Monachorum genus , cujusmodi nunc nostra tempestate videmus . Erasm. in Antidoto Epistolae Hieronymi ad Rusticum . l Quam autem longè Monachatus ●odie , à prima sua origine degeneraverit , & quantis abusibus contaminatus & deformatus sit , satis per se est manifestum ; nam paulatim religio vera & solida in superstitionem & inanem speciem ●eligionis conve●s● est ; & accrescentibus opibus , decrevit pietas . Cassander Consult . Art. 25. m Nusquam ferè licentior & profanior vita , quam i● nonnullis Monasteriis . Cass. Ibid. Speeds later Edit . n Ignorantia malum est & miseria , quam vera charitas expellere tenetu● Lorca 22. Disp. 41. n. 15. Quanquam omnes Christianit ●eantur dil●ction●m suam testa●i observatione mandatorum , juxta illud , Si d●ligiti●m● , mandata mea servate ; à Petro tamen ejusque successoribus , al●ud quiddam & majus exigitur , nempe ut pascant : vide au●em emphasim verborum ; Non dicit , Occide , aut lanam & lac a●●ipe ; sed Pas●e : Nec dicit , Potestatem in eos exerce tyrannicam ; fed , 〈…〉 . Peccat mortaliter qui judicio rationis utens , negligit s●ire explicitè & in particulari secundam personam Trinitatis , puta , Filium Dei Patris , propter nostram salutem factum esse hominem , natum , & mortuum , &c. Imò & qui ignorat alios Articulos praedicti Symboli , saltē quos Ecclesia solemnizat , &c. Quocirca , omnes Parochos , Patrimos , Parente● , & Confessores , ( praesertim plebe●orum ) ac Verbi divini Praecones obse●ramus , ut fidem istam Articulorum explicitam , & in particulari . caete●orumque qui in Symbolo Apostolorum quo sancta Romana Ecclesia utitur continentu● , saepissime cōmendare , & inculcare non desinent : Quand●quidem unive●s● C●risti Republicâ ●i●ca haec tanta sit se●o●dia , ut multos passim invenia● , nihil ●●gis in particulari & explicite de ●is●e crede●e , quàm ethnicum Philos 〈◊〉 sola 〈◊〉 veri Dei n●tu●ali cognitione praeditum . Navar. 〈…〉 . 11. 〈◊〉 22. D. Willets Synopsis , large Edit . page 1220. 〈◊〉 ●6 . 16 . Joh. 6.40 . John 1.12.15.16 . Joh. 3.36 . Act. 10.43 . Rom. 9.33 . Rom. 8.32 . Rom. 8.1 . Rom. 8.38 , 39. Gal. ● . 2 , 5. Rom. 10.14 , 17 Joh. 1.12.13 . Rom. 1.16 . 1 Cor. 1.21 . Eph. 1.13 . Jam. 1.18 . 1 Pet. 1.21 . &c. Those which flowed é later● Christi . a Tria siquidem nobis sunt ad profectum christianae religionis proposita , sed ad cōsummatam justitiam perinde necessaria , ut in his tota humanae salutis summa consistat : horum primū est intelligere & firmiter tenere mysterium Trinitatis , & unius veritatem Deitatis . Secundum , salutaris Baptismi rationē nosce , vel causam . Tertium , in quo duo vitae Sacramenta , id est , Dominici corporis & sanguinis continentur . Fulbert . Carnot . Epist. 1. a Quae summa est fidei , seu omnium credendorum ? Symbolum Apostolorum in duodecim distinctum Articulos . Canisii Catechismus . b King Iames his premonition to christian Kings . 2. Cor. 11.4 . Gal. 1.8 , 9. Mat. 7.1 , 2. Esay 5.20 . Pro. 17.15 . Rev. 12 . 1● . Job 1.9 , 10 , 15 & 2.3 , 4 , 5. Sl●ydan . Com. lib. 21. Gowlart . Admir . Hist. ex S●ringe●o , teste oculato . a Quaeritur an conscientia errans vim habeat sibi obl●gandi , hoc est , ut eam sequi , & juxta ipsius praescripta agere debeamus . Duae sūt opiniones : prima asseverat non habere vim obligandi , sed ligandi — Quādo conscientia ligat , & non obligat , tunc si contra eam agatur , peccatum quidem admittitur , non tamen secundùm eam agere debemus , quoniam possumus hujusmodi conscientiam errantem deponere . Azor. Instit. moral . Lib. 2. ca. 8. Aliquando proponitur à conscientia erronea ut fiat id quod malum est ; ut si quis culpabiliter existimet necessariū esse mentiri utsuam vel alterius vitam conservet , in quo eventu non tenetur quis mentiri , quia mētiendo peccaret . Nullus autem tenetur ad id quod , si fecerit , peccatum cōmittit . — Quod si urgeas , ergo homo iste erit perplexus in utramque partem , quia quicquid faciat peccatum non evadit . Respondetur culpa sua posse quem esse perplexum , quando se ignorat id quod scire potest & tenetur . Non est tamen simpliciter perplexus , quoniam potest & tenetur in hoc eventu conscientiam illam deponere , & scientiam contrariā habere , quo facto ab illa perplexitate liberatur . Sayer . Clau. Reg. Lib. 1. ca. 4. Continge●e potest ut conscientia erronea ex ignorantia culpabili proponat tanquam necessarium , & in praecepto , facere aliquid quod revera aliàs malū est , ut mentiri ad tuendam vit●m — si ex tali conscientia mentiretur , sequendo positivè judicium ejus , nihilominus peccaret , quia illa ignorantia non excusaret eum , nullus enim obligatur ad faciendum illud quod peccatum est — potest autem & debet evitari & omitti mendacium deponendo conscientiam illam e●roneam . Vasques in 1. 2● . Disp. 60. Num. 5.6 . * Error cōscientiae causatur ex cordis pusillanimitate , quâ quis timet non timenda secundùm rectum rationis judicium ; et talis conscientia est nimis stricta , et ideo vi●anda , quia causat t●ia mala : Nam de bono facit malū , & de festuca trabem , id est , de levi peccato grave . Secūdò generat desperationē . Tert●ò damnat salvādum . Pa●ant . in 2. L●ct . 165. Ver 9. and Ver. 12. Verse 11. Deut. 18.20 . Mal. 2.8 . Mat. 22. Act. 23.6 , 8. Heb. 7.12 . & 8.5 . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 Unic● solitaru , Psal. 68.7 . Pagnin . lex . a Schismatis tota radix & vera causa est , & jam diu fuit Romanus Ponti●ex . — Schismaticus enim est qui ab Ecclesia universali se separat ; non qui Papam errantem nolit s●qui . Spalat Ostens . error . Suarez . cap. 6. Mat. 28.20 . Mar. 16.16 . a Q●i concupiscit inordinatè contra solam liberalitatem , vel pauxillum contra justitiam , solum venialiter peccat . Navar . Man. cap. 20. N. 1. Negari non debet peccatum veniale es●e cōtra praeceptum aliquod . Vasq. in 1 a. 2r. Disp. 144.9 . Joh. 3.36 . & 6.29 , 35 , 40. Joh. 17.3 . Act. 10.43 . Rom. 3.25 , 26. 1 Joh. 5.12 . Mat. 18. Potest in aliis Episcopis et quidem firmiter pietas religio ●isque inte gr●●as conserv●ri . Nilus de Prim. p●pae . 2. Thes. 3.14 . a Hieronymus & glossa nōine Ecclesiae multitudinem intelligunt . vid. Lorcam . in 22. Disp. 46. n. 22. Mal. 2.7 , 8. Jer. 26.8 . Jer. 20.1.2 , 6. Mat. 26.6 , 5. Jer. 8.18 . Joh. 18. ●8 . Heb. 13.7 . Obey your Rulers , &c. Take with you this Limitation ; Which have spoken to you the Word of God ; which S. Paul giveth even in the same Chapter . B. Bilson● difference , &c. part . 2. a Hac caeci exclusione Pharisaei , sibi ipsis plus damni intulerunt quàm caeco ; per hoc enim seipsos separârunt & à Christo , & ab omnibus fidelibus , &c. Ferus in Ioh. 9. b Ejectus quidem est à Templo , sed à Templi Domino inventus est . Ferus ibid. Joh. 7.51 . Act. 23.3 . a S. Augustine 〈◊〉 not , Hee is no christian Catholick that should hold any one of them in weakenesse , s●●king the T●uth ; for he saith the cont●ar● , Epist. 162. But his words are , Every christian Catholicke should not beleeve these . And so we say , that no error sh●uld be beleeved : Omnis Christia●●● Catholicu● is●a non d●bet credere , sed non omnis qui ista no● c●edi● , cons●●uenter debet s● C●●istianum Cath●li●●m 〈…〉 ad quod 〈…〉 . a Purgatory was not yet built by any Papall or Church Decree , nor Transubstantiation , much lesse Prayers and Masses for the delivery of souls from the Purgatory , which had no being : But the prayers which were for the dead , Dionysius ( whom they call Areopagita ) shewes to have been requests for that which they know already to bee granted : and so Test●monies of the happinesse of them that had lived holily . Quocirca petit d●vinus Pont●f●x ea quae à ●●o promiss● s●nt , ei que grata sunt , & planè conc●denda : in quo & animi sui constitutionem , quae ●onitatis Divinae sp●ciem prae se serat , D●o , cui boni chari sunt , declarat ; & ii● qui adsunt ut interpres , munera & bona quae sanct●s eventura sunt , exponit . D●on●s . Ar●op . de E●●l●s . Hier. cap. 7. Tertul. de praes . adversus Hae●●t . a The Pope was not yet Christs Vicar , in the dayes o● 〈◊〉 . Cyrill . Hier. Ca● . Cyp. de Unit. Ec. * Peccatum verò quàm magnum tibi exaggerasti , quando te à tot gregibus scidisti● excidisti enim teipsum , noli te fallere : Siquidem ille est verè Schismaticus , qui se à communione Ecclesiasticae Unitatis apostatam fecerit . Dum enim putas omnes à te abstinere posse , solum te ab omnibus abstinuisti . Firm. in Epist. ad Cyp. sic Papam alloquitur . Exod. 32.4 . S. Basil. 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . * Haeresim Arianam subtili cōpendio brevi jam sublato hoc nomine intromissam . Greg. Naz. de fide Orat. 51. Eph. 4.5 . Jude 3. In exp●●catione 〈◊〉 . 54. a Etenim fratres videte quam multa enarravit Apostolus ; unum dixit , Si illud defuerit , frustra sunt alia ; Si linguis hominum loquar & Angelorum , &c. Quam multa enumeravit ? His omnibus multis desit una charitas ; illa numero plura sunt , haec pondere major est : Ergò in omnibus Sacramentis mecum ; in una charitate non mecum . Aug. in Psal. 54. b Pertinaci dissentione formata in haeresim schisma verterunt , tanquam Ecclesia Christi , &c. de toto te● rarum orbe perierit , ubi futura ●omissa est , atque in Africa Donati parte remanserit ▪ Au●u●t . ad quod vult 〈◊〉 c Sunt igitur sine dubio fratres . Opt. lib. 1. Non enim potestis non esse fratres , quos iisdem Sacramentorum visceribus una mater Ecclesia genuit ; quos eodem modo adoptivos filios Deus Pater excepit . Id. l. 4. Sed qui sententiam suam quam vos falsam atque perversam , nulla pertinaci , animositate defendunt , praesertim quam non audacia suae p●aesumptionis pepererunt ; sed à seductis , atque in error●m lapsis parentibus acceperunt , quae●unt autem cauta ●ollicitudine veritatem , corrigi parati cum invenitur , nequaquam sunt inter haereticos deputandi . Tales ergo vos nisi esse crederem , nullas fortasse vobis literas mitterem . August . D●minis dil●ct●ssimis , & meritò praedicandi● fratribus , Glorio , Ele●sio , &c. sed Donaristis ; & de quibus in hac Epistola : Nostrae communionis non estis . Epist. 62. * Q●ale enim est Prophetarum & Domini & Apostolorum relinquētes nos voces attendere his nihil sani dicentibus ? Ir. lib. 2. cap. 3. Esay 60.12 . Gens enim & Regnum , &c. Tit. 2. * Women gospellers the trumpetors of their praises . Watsons Quodl . preface . And Quodl . 2. in the margin . A reason why some Catholick Gentlemen that live about London were discontented , when wanting their wives three or foure or more daies , they must be forsooth . in the holy exercise , &c. b Vides omnē Ecclesiasticum zelum servere sola pro dignitate tuenda : honori totum datur , sanctitati nihil aut parum . Ber. de Confid . lib. 4. cap. 2. 1. Ioh. 2.15 . Ioh. 8.42.47 . 1. Ioh. 5.6 . 1. Thes. 2.10 . c The Cardinall of Volterra tells Pope Adrian , that no reformation could bee made that would not notably diminish the rents of the Church : Pope Adrian said the condition of Popes was miserable , that they could not doe good though they d●si●ed and endeavoured to doe it . Hist. Con. Trid. lib. 1. Nec aliud quicquam etiam nunc obstar , quo minus Ecclesia in pristinum nitorem restituatur quam ambitio & avaritia . Ferus in Iean . 11. a Pamelius cals it Regulam , aus Symbolum . And again , Nostrae Religionis Articuli vocantur hic Regula . De Praescript . cap. 14. Those of Pius the fourth . Ecclesia Occidentalis sive Romana , &c. Catholicae Ecclesiae non contemnendum membrum . Cass. de Off. pii viri . Esay 1.21 . Rev. 18.4 . Acts 19.40 . a Examen pacifique de la doctrine des Huguenotes : translated into English under the title of the Catholick Moderato● . * Que les Catholiques & Huguenotes ●●accordent tellement en● qu●●ls doctrine sont d'une mesme Foy. & Religion . * Vide autem ne hic cristas ●rigas , ac opera tua plus aequo extollas , jamque merita tua enumerare incipias , quēadmodum hypocritae faciunt , ac si debitorem sibi Deum operibus suis constituant ; cum certum sit , opera nostra desicere in numero , pondere , & mensura ; quae , si appendant in statera Dei , inveniuntur minus habentia : unde David : Non intres in judiciū , &c. Ferus in Epist. ad Rom. cap. 2. Bene autē observa verbum gratis , quia nihil ope●●tes , neque vicem reddentes , justificamur , quādoquid●m antea peccatores & inimici eramus . Id. Ib. a Remove antur ista vel figmenta mendacium hominū , vel portenta fallacium Spirituum ; aut enim non sunt vera quae dicuntur , aut si haereticorū aliqua mira facta sunt , magis cavere debemus , quod cum dixisser Dominus , quosdam futuros esse fallaces , qui nonnulla signa faciendo etiam Electos , si fieri posset , fallerent , adjecit , vehementer commendans , & ait , Ecce praedixi vobis . Aug. de unit . Eccles. cap. 16. Omnem potentiam Antichristi ostensura est in signis & prodigiis mendacibus . Agobard . Serm. de Trinit . b Nonnulli Authores non ignobiles , aliquid diversum inter haereticum & haeresim commenti sunt : ●pinantur enim haeresim propriè appella●● posse quemcunque e●●orem fidei opp●situm secun●ū se , absque aliquo respectu & habitudine ad proferentem ; & ideo conced●nt haeresim posse asseri ab eo qui haereticus non sit . In hac sententia sunt Turrecremata , Cas●ro . Simancas , Co●arruncas , Gabriel , Cordu●a . Albe●●●nus , Lo●ca 22. Sect. 1. Disp. 38. c Non tamen hae solùm assertiones haereticae sunt , quae definitae sunt à Conciliis , vel à Pontifice , sed plures aliae ; quod patet , quia haec Prositio , Deus non est Trinus & Unus , etiam ante cōdemnationē Arrii haeretica fuit . Lorca Ib. Disp. 39. n. 6. d Quicquid in sacra Scriptura expressè cōtinetur , ut nulla obscuritas sit in sensu verborum , assertionem contrariam haereticā efficit , etiam ante definitionem Ecclesiae . Id. Ib. n. 8. e Propositio verò Scripturae vel Ecclesiae definitioni contraria vocatur haeretica . Vasq. in 1. Disp. 6. n. 8. * Est alia haeresis nudis pedibus semper ambulantium , eo quod Dominus dixerit ad Moysen , vel ad Iosue , Solve calciamentum de pedibus tuis : et quòd Propheta Esaias nudis pedibus jussus fuerit ambulare . Inde ergò haeresi● est , quia non propter corporis afflictionem sic ambulant ; sed quia TESTIMONIA ●a●ter intelligunt : Aug●●t . ad quod vul● Deum . de Haeres . f Quicquid con●ra veritatem sapitl a●esis est , etiam vetus consu●tudo . Tertul. de Virg. vel . cap. 1. Haereticus est qui alicujus temporalis cōmodi , & maximè gloriae principatusque sui gratià , ●alsas ac novas opiniones gignit , vel sequitur . August . de utilit . cred . ad Honorat . cap. 1. Haeresis Grae●è ab Electione vocatur ; quòd scilicet unusquisque id sibi eligat , quò● melius sibi esse videtur , &c. Isidor . Etym. lib. 7. cap. 3. g Regula quidem fidei una omnino est , sola immobilis , & irreformabilis ●●e●endi , s●ilicet in unum Deum , &c. hac lege fidei manente , caetera j●m disciplinae & conversationis admittunt novitatē correctioni● . T●●t . ●e vel . Virg. cap. 1. Haeretici ve● itatis exules sani & verissimi Symb●l● desertores . Optat. lib. 1. Haec Reg●la à Christo , ut probabitur , instituta , nullas habet apud nos quaestiones , nisi quas haeretici inferant , & quae ha●●reticos faciant . Tertul de praescrip . c. 1● Al●xand●r ait eum qui ignorant●r credit aliquid contra ea quae sunt i● sacra Scriptura , non pertinens ●● A●ticulos fidei , non esse haereticum . Vasq. in 2. Disp. 120. cap. 2. h Qui ignorans e●●at , hae●eticus non est . Lorca in 22. Sect. 3. Disp. 47. n. 24. Magis cōmunis & probabilior sententia in hac re in duobus posita est : Unum est , Nullum errorem contra fidem ex igno●antia etiam culpabili , modo non sit affecta , esse haeresim . Vasquez quo supra . Item cap. 3. Non satis est ad pertinaciam , si quis admoneatur à viris gravissimis — Zelosi sunt , qui non ex superbia & obstinatione , sed ex quadam ignorantia , falsò persuasi sunt suam sectam veritati ac Evangelio consentaneam esse — Hujusmodi zelosi , quia non peccant ex malitia , sed ignorantia , fae●e à Deo mis●ricordiam consequuntur . B●can . Manu . Praelud . 1. Constat multos viros ac foeminas esse in Germania , qui quidem habentur Lutherani ; sed tamen quia pertinaces non sunt , non debent cense●i haeretici , sed errantes . Non enim advertunt doctrinam Lutheranam , cui ab infantia addicti sunt , contrariam esse Ecclesiae Catholicae , quae verè Catholica est . Id. lib. 5. cap. 13. a Victor Romanae Ecclesiae Episcopus pertinac usagens , p●ssim totius Asiae ac vicinarum provinciarum Ecclesias ● communionis societate abscindere nititur , tanquam in haeresin declinantes , & lite●es mittit , quibus omnes simulabsque discretione ab Ecclesiastico foedere segregaret . Sed hoc nō omnibus placebat Episcopi — Nā & Irenaeus cùm caete●is quibus praeerat Galliarum Episcopis , conformat quidem ut in ●●●inica die resurrectionis , Domini mysterium celeb●etur : Victorem ●●men ●●guit quod non rectè fecerit abscindere à corporis unitate tot & 〈◊〉 Ecclesias Dei quae mo●em sibi antiquitus traditum custodirent . E●seb . Ecclesiast . H●st . lib. 5. cap. 24. b Euseb. Eccl. Hist. l. 7. c. 24. Firmiliani epistola inter epistolas Cyprian . Constat ex Eusebio Corneliū papam cum Nationali concilio omnium Episcoporū Italiae sta●uiss● , non deberi hae●eticos rebaptizari , & eandem sententiam postea approbasse etiam Step●anum p●pam , & jussisse ut● Haeretici non rebaptizarentur : Et simul constat Cyprianum contratium sens●se , & mordicus d●fer disse . Bel. de Con. lib. 2. cap. 5. c Per peculi●rem assistentiam Spiritus sancti dirigentis mente● , & linguā pontificis , ut in publico fidei judicio infall bi●i e● veritatem fidei determinet , cum potestate c●e●cendi omn●s ad cred●ndam de Fide Catholica , veritatem Fid●i ab ipso determinata● . Gen. in . 1. Disp. 2. n. 32. Doctrina Ecclesiae continetur , &c. in decretis conciliorum & pontificum — Quae in conciliis vel à ponti●ic● definita sunt , hoc habent speciale , ut omnis propositio definita sit m●nifes●è fide , & contraria sit Haeresis . Lorca . 〈◊〉 . 22. Sect. 1. Disp. 39. n. 7 * Qui sunt Haeretici nisi qui relicta Dei Ecclesia , privatas eligerunt societ●te● . Isid. sen● . lib. 1. cap. 19. Nos quantum in nobi● est propter haereticos cum collegis &c episcopis nostris non contendimus , cum quibus divin● concordiam & domini●am pacem ●●●●mus . Cyprian . Stepha●o ●ra●i ●p●st . 72. b In haeresim schisma verterunt , tanquam Ecclesia , &c. de toto terrarum orbe perierit . Aug. ad . quod vult D. Ep. ad Emeritum . 164. c Absolvuntur Magistri , condemnantur Discipuli , &c. Quorū ego nequitiā duplici odio dignā judico , vel ●ò quod haerese 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ? venenum propinare aliis nō pertimescunt ; vel eò etiam quod sancti cujusque viri memoriam tanquam sopitos jam cine●es ▪ prophana manu ventilant , & quae silentio sepeliri oportebat redivivam opinionem diffamant ; sequētes omninò vestigia authoris sui Cham , qui nuditatem venerandi Noe , non modo operire neglexit , verum quoque irridendam caeteris enuntiavit . ●●ncen● . ●i●in . adver . haer . cap 11. * His business is to prove us Hereticks , for differing from the Popes decrees in small matters , and he brings in , for proofe , Protestants accusing one another for differing in great matters ; but some of them are such as the Cavalier himselfe cannot well beleeve , much lesse an impartiall Reader . † Genus scribendi ingressus fuerat Hunnius plané Lutheranum , hoc est Thrasonicū , jactabundum , furiosum , ferme dixeram cervisiarum — Lutherani praecones ita disputationes suas instituant ut super timetū & zythum , & quae ex utroque nascuntur convitia maledica , & vesaniam halare videantur . Gretzer . epist. Bellarmin . praevi . ● . ●ewels Defence of the Apology . Pag. 318. & seq . See pag. 45 , 48 , 49. Mat. 3. a Concil . Trid. de reform . Matrim . Sess. 8. b Si quis dixerit Ecclesiam non potuisse constituere impedimenta matrimonium dirimentia , vel in ●is constituendis e●rasse , Anathema sit . Concil . Trident. Sess. eadem . * Objectum formale ( fidei ) est prima veritas Testificans ; aut ergò Ecclesia est objectum ut diversum quid à Dei testimonio , aut ratione ipsius : Si diversum , erit testimonium hominum & alienum à fidei infallibilitate & certitudine ; si ratione Dei , eo ipso non est objectum formale , quia formale objectum per se primò , & non per aliud est objectum . Lorca in 22. Sect. ● D●sp● . 1●9 ▪ b Char. Mist. p. 45. * 〈…〉 . a Una est quā tuetur M●c●ael de M●dina l. 5. de rec●a in Deum F●de , c. 11. affi●mans Ecclesiae Testificationem esse partem objecti formalis : quo fidei , & adeo esse , ut ultima fidei resolutio in Ecclesiae authoritatem fiat . — Esse tamen Ecclesiam rationem credendi , in quam ultima resolutio fidei fiat proba●i videtur , quia in ea sistit solutio quaestionis , quare credimus : Interroganti enim quare credis Deum esse Trinum & Unum , si respondeatur , Quia Deus dicit ; u● gere potest , Unde scis Deum dicere ? non est alia responsio , quam quia Ecclesia dicit ; quo pacto respondere docemur in ipsa Christiana Catechesi , & rudimentis doctrinae Christianae , sicque respondent docti & in●octi . Lorca in 22. Sect. 1. Disp. 3. n. 3. Fundamentum fidei vobis aliud est & ulterius , Pontificis nimirum Romani judicium : Iste verè petra vobis fidei ; super illam petram fidem omnium dogmatum , obedientiam omnem , & in fide , & in moribus aedificatis . — Petrus , inquit Bellarminus , & quilibet ejus Successor est petra , & fundamentū Ecclesiae-Pontificia potestas , ait Skulkenius ) est velut cardo , & fundamētū , & ( ut uno verbo omnia complectar ) sūma fidei Christianae . — Per Ecclesiā , inquit Gretserus , intelligimus Pontifi●ē Romanū qui pro tempore Ecclesiae naviculā moderatur — Fundamētum fidei nostrae tam infallibile est quam ipse Deus . Tota enim Scriptura est divinitùs inspirata . Coelū transibit , & montes cōmovebuntur ; verbū autē Domini manebit in aeternum . Fundamentū fidei vestrae tam fallibile est , tamque falsum , quā est bestia illa , seu Antichristus , cui datum est os loquens blasphema ; & seducit incolas terrae . — Cum fundamentum hoc restrū haereticum sit & Antichristianum : venenū hoc suū transmittit in omnes omninò fidei vest●ae artus & arterias , partes , particulas , & Articulos , eos ad unum omnes ha●reticos vobis facit & Antichristianos . — Trinitas , Christi Inca●natio , Passio , Resurrectio , & similia , verè creduntur ; quando ideo creduntur , quia in sacris Scriptu●is , ut verò fidei fundamento traduntur . Si verò quis horum quodvis idci●●o credat , ut vel Deum esse , vel Christum esse Deum , quia homo , quia daemon , aut Antichristus illud credendum dicit , ab ●o qui ratione ista ad ●redendum inducitur , non verè & infallibiliter , non infusa aut divina fide creduntur , sed credi solū putantur : & quia talis hominis fides , testimonio hominis , daemonis , aut Antichristi , ut suo ●undamento innititur ; ideo acquisita solū fides est , humana , daemoni●●● , 〈◊〉 Antichristiana . Materiale hic fidei sanum est ; vitium omne ●st in formali , seu ratione credendi , quod est forma fidei ; Forma autem dat Nomen & Esse . D. Cra●●nthor● Defens . Eccles. An●l . cap. 47. a Non Deo , aut Scripturis propter Deum , sed Deo & Scripturis propter papā ; Christo propter Antichristum creditur . Hinc sit , ut licet Deus disertè vitia omnia prohibeat , & virtutes ōnes sequi mandat , tamen ut Bellarminus te docet ( lib. 4. de pon . cap. 5. ) si papa praecipiat vitia , & virtutes prohibeat , tenetur Ecclesia vestra credere vitia esse bona , & virtu●esmalas , nisi velit cōtra conscientiam p●ccare . Idem . Ibid. a Some errors in the Church of Rome , that are in themselves dānable to them that beleeve as they profess , according to that of the Apostle , 2. Thes. 2.11 . They that beleeve●●ly may be damned . b In peccatis quae cōtra Deum committūtur , quae tamē sunt maxima , gravissimum esse videtur , quod aliquis divinum honorem creaturae impendat , cum hac ratione , quantum in se est , alium deum in mundo faciat , divinum principatum minuens , & primū quod in fide est , sc. credulitatem Dei omnipotentis , creatoris coeli & terrae , destruens , &c. Say. Cas. Con. l. 3. cap. 4. Worshipping of Christs Image is Idolatry ; and the worship of Images , detested in the Church of Christ , is heresie . B. Bilson . Christ. sub . p. 4. c Manifestius est quā ut multis verbis explicari debeat , Imaginum & Simulachrorū cultum , nimiū invaluisse , & affectioni seu potius superstitioni populi plus satis indultum esse , ita ut ad summam adorationem , quae vel à paganis suis Simulacris exhiberi consuevit , & ad extremam vanitatem , quàm Ethnici in suis Simulacris effingendis & exornādis adm●serūt , nil à nostris reliqui factū esse videtur . Cas. Con. de Imag. & Simul . There is nothing so wicked and absurd , but a Romist can defend it : neither is any thing so true , but he can ●utface it , witnesse , among other , the adoration of Images . The same is an impiety so apparently condemned in the Scriptures , that neither Blasphemy it selfe , witchcraft , adultery , or any sinne is more plainly detested and prohibited . B. Whit. orthod . p. ●37 . & seq . * Rev. 21.8 . Rev. 19.20 . Spe vitae eternae solis puris Dei cultoribus promissae , novos istos Idololatras ex verbo Dei arcent : donec stipulationis in Baptismo memores , ad unius Dei cultū per unicum Mediatorem Jesum Christum , abjectis Satanae cultibas , redierint . Clau. Ap. Myst. duorum Testium . Exod. 32.4 , 5. Verse 31. Psal. 106.20 . V● . 32 , 33. &c Exod. 34.9 , 10 Pro. 6.34 . Deut. 4.23 , 24 Hosea 1.2 , 6. and chap. 2.2 . Esay . 40.18.23 . & 46.5 . 1. Cor. 16.19 . 2. Cor. 13.5 . 2. Cor. 6.16 . Josh. 24.19 , 23 2 King. 17.33 , 34. Zeph 1.5 . Ezek. ch . 6. & ch . 8. & ch . 16. &c. 1 Cor. 8 , 7.10.11 . a Gratiae Dei detrahunt , & Christum abjiciunt : seipsos perdunt qui fiduciam in opera ponunt . Ferus in Epist. ad Rom. cap. 3. Cave , cave ne in tua opera fiduciam salutis ponas , alioqui Christum negasti . Id. Ibid. b Ie m'asseures qu'entre dix mille Catholiques il ne s'entrouvera pas un seul , qui entende que signifient les oeuures teintes du sang de Christ Mais que simplement sans autre addition ils diront , quils esperent meriter le ciel pur leurs oeuures . Exam. pacifique chap. 1. Neh. 13.22 . Luk. 17.10 . * Altera sententia docet Ecclesiae authoritatē & testimonium nil referre ad assensum fidei , nec ut pars objecti , nec ut conditio sine qua non ; sed concurrere ut omninò accidentarium , esseque unum ex credibilibus , sicut alia fidei documenta ; quod nō propter se , sed propter divinam Authoritatē creditur . Quam sententiam prosequitur Canus , & amplectuntur non pauci ex recentioribus ; Quae suit sententia Calvini . — Respondent Canus & Cal●inus , mutuatis ferè verbis , Augustinum nihil aliud voluisse in hac sententia , quam Ecclesiam e●●e aptum principium , vel isagogem , qu● convenienter aliquis qui penitus ignarus fidei est , inducatur ad ipsam ; non tamen ut aliquo modo sit ratio credendi . Lorca in 22. Sect. 1. Disp. 3. a Respondetu● , Q●estionē quare ●redis , ultimò & directè in Dei Testimonium resolvi ; adaequata enim ratio respondendi est , quia Deus dicit . Id. Ibid. b Dr. AEgidius a Preache● at Sivill , censured for denying the worship of Images ; and Bell●rmi●●● names many Doctors , which teach that they are to be worshipped with divine worship . Bell●rm . de Ec●l●s . Trid. lib. 2. cap. 2● Azor. Mo● . I●st . li● . 9. c●p . 6. c Gr●corum ●●rore● de imagin●●●● & picturis , manifestissimè detegens , negat eas adora●i debere ; quam sententiam omnes Catholici probamus . Papyr . Masson . praes . in Agob●rd . d Si de usu imaginum proponatur quaestio , quomodo illae in Decalogo sunt prohit●● , nempe ne adorentur , his verbis explicat &c. 〈…〉 imagines , s●d non adorar● , quòd 〈…〉 Exam. pacifiq . cap. 5. e Urget dubium quomodo potest quaecūque Eucharistia adora●i absolutè & sine conditione , ●ū non sit omnino ce●tum consecrationem ri●è pe●a●●am ●●se . Quidam hoc tempore docu●●●he names in the 〈…〉 . & l. 3. de Adora . ) Sacramentis , Imag●nibu● & aliis rebus sacris nullam d●beri ado●ation●m aut venera●●● 〈…〉 tendat in ipsa● , & verè , & ex a●imo eas 〈…〉 g●lequuntur ) ut Qu●d ▪ sed 〈◊〉 ea●um adorationem transi●e ad exempl●● , & ad eum 〈…〉 sunt . Ex qua doctrina putat facilè po●se ●●dd● rationem 〈…〉 nis quam Eucharistiae ubicunque e● hibemu● , quia ●um 〈…〉 in Sacramentum ipsum , sed tran●e●t ad Christum , nullum est 〈◊〉 adorationem exhibendi cu● non debetur . 〈…〉 22. Sect. 1 〈◊〉 10. Adoratores h●j●s Sa●ramenti Spi●itu suo , solum 〈…〉 Ch●is●um ipsum . 〈…〉 3. Tom. 3. Disp. 179. ● . 28. a Filloli , custodite vo● à Simulachris : Hāc appēdicē non incōgruè nec sine causa annexuit Epistolae suae ; quia enim do●uerat unum & solum verū Deum esse , qui & scipsum in E●lio suo manif●stavit , & pe● eum nos d●●uit , quod veru● D●i cultus in fide , spe , & charitate , itemque puritate & sanctitate vitae consistat , necessariò nunc monet , ut in ea fide & veri Dei cultu 〈…〉 & abōni Idololatria caveamus . Sic igitur in tota hac Epistola Joanne● 〈◊〉 haec docere voluit , quod videlicet unus tantum est verus Deus , & una tātum vera Religio . Jesu● Christus cum Patre & Spiritu sancto unus & verus est Deus , Christiana autem Religio verus & unicus est cultus Dei ; ea enim Religio & Deo omnem glo●iam per Christum ascribit , & nobis per eundem Christum vitam & salutem adsert . Ferus in 1. Ioan. 5. Ephes. ● . a Assistentia Spiritus sancti promissa est specialiter Romano Pōtifici ( Joan 14. ) Spiritus sāctus docebit vos omn● ve●i●atē 〈◊〉 1. Disp. ● . n. 34. * Synodus in Spiritu sancto congregata legitimè Generale Concilium faciens , Ecclesiam catholicam militantem representans , potestatem à Christo immediatè habet ; cui quilibet cujuscunqu● statu vel dignitatis , etsi Papalis existit , obedire tenetur in his quae 〈…〉 . Constant. S●ss . 4. & 5. * Primò , quod veritas de potestate Concilii generalis supra Papam , est veritas Fidei catholicae . Secundò , veritas haec , &c. Tertiò , quòd veritatibus praedictis pertinaciter r●pugnans , est c●nsendus haereticus . Concil . Basil. Sess. 33. a These two opinions ( of Ve●a and Soto in their Commentaries on some Articles on the Councell of 〈◊〉 ) doe not onely differ in all the Ar●i●les ; but , in many of them , are expresly contrarie . — I could never finde whether that Assembly did agree in one sense ; or whether there was unity of words onely . H●st . Trent . lib. 2. In this contrariety of opinions both ( Catharinus and Soto ) writing a●fi●matively to the Councell , either of them did not only say t●at hi● opinion was the opinion of the Synod ; but afterwards wrote also ▪ and printed Apologies and Antipologies , &c. It doth raise a diffic●ltie , what that Synod was that determined the Article , unto which Soto and 〈◊〉 . did write and appeale to , each thinking it was on his side : so that it was necessary that e●ther one of them or both should be deceived . — Perhaps hee should hit on the truth , that should say , that debating the contrary opinions in f●aming the Decree , every part did refut● words contrary to hi● opinion ; and all rested in those which h●e thought might be fi●ted t● hi● owne meaning : so that the expression o● the ma●ter becam● capable of divers interpretations . But this would 〈◊〉 se●ve to ●esolve the doubt , what the Councell was : because it is 〈◊〉 give it unity of word● , and contra●iety of meanings . Id. Ib. Frequenter contingit unū Theologum constantissimè asserere se habere Theologicam demonstrationem de aliquo dogmate , & illud deducere per evidentem consequentiam ex sacris literis & traditionibus patrum : Alium verò per oppositum certissimè affirma●e se habere demonstrationē Theologicam , quòd illud sit hae●●esi● , aut erro● in fide , & oppositum ●jus deduci ex sacri● literis per evidentem consequentiam . U●de ipse dicit de illo , quòd er●at in fide , & al●as idem retorquet in istum ; imò non 〈◊〉 hoc conting●t inter duos singulares Theologos , sed inter u●am Scholam cum altera . Gonzales in 1. Disp. 2. n. 34. a Constans est Theologorum sententia Imaginem eodem honore & cultu honorari , & coli , quo colitur id cujus est Imago . Azor. Tom. 1. lib. 9. cap. 6. Our faith gives them not Latria ( or divine worship ) which onely belongs to the divine nature . Pseud. Nic. 2. Act. 7. b The strength of all these testimonies consists in this , that some reverence is expresly granted to Images , but Latria is expresly denyed . c The Councell doth not o●ely exclude Latria , but expresseth the kind of adoration ▪ fo● it saith that th●y should be adored 〈…〉 3. Disp. 94. n. 30.33 . e D● Eccl. Tir. lib. 2. cap. 20. f Dr. ●gidia● in the discoverie o● the Spanish inquisition , & Suar. in 3 Disp. 54. Sect. 4 Stephanus sextu● magno od●o persecutus est , Forn●osi nomen , cujus & ordinationes omnes 〈◊〉 & damnavit● Jam enim tunc caeperat pontificā & virtus & integritas deficere , Romanus 1. unive●sa Acta Stephani improbat & abrog●●●●annis 18. vivēt● Gregorio , Silvester 3. vivente Benedicto , Gregorius ●e●tus vivente Benedicto pontificatum adepti , &c. Ca● . And if wee may beleeve an anciem Pope , to the Popes of these daies belongs the main● guilt of this Idolat●y ; which is now maintained contrary to the Councell o● Nicea For they ●een●e to teach errour ( said anciently 〈…〉 ) who hold their peace when they should ●eprove it . 〈…〉 qui 〈…〉 ●llis taliter●l qui ; In talibus 〈…〉 tacitu●●●as , quia occu●●eret veritas si falsi●●● displicere● 〈…〉 ●●lentio faveai●●us 〈…〉 . a Constantinopol . & Chalcedon . expresly set downe in the sixth Councell thus : Renovantes quae sanctis patribus 150. qui in hac Regia urbe convenerūt & à ●30 . qui Chalcedone cōvenerūt cōstituta sunt , decernimus ; ut thronus Constantinopolitanus aequalia privilegia cum antiquae Romae throno obtineat , & in Ecclesiasticis negotiis ut illa emineat . Secundus , post illam existe●●● post quē Alexandrinorū metropolis numeretur thronus . Deinde Antiochiae , & post eum Hierosolimitanae civitatis . Concil . Constant. cap. 36. Patriarcha graeca lingua summus pater interpretatur , quia primum , i. Apostolorum , retinet locum , & ideo quia summo honore fungitur tali nomine censetur , sicut Romanus , Antiochenus , & Alexandrinus . Isid. origin . lib. 7. cap. 12. And accordingly Gregorie the Great saith to the Patriarch● , Scio quis sum , qui estis ; Loco enim mihi fratres estis , moribus patres . Greg. mag . Eulogio Ep. Alex. lib. 7. Ep. 30. * Cum post quad●iēnale silentium sine suggillatione & censura alterius opin●onis , disputandi & scribendi nobis per summum Pontificem potestas jam facta sit . Vas. Epist. dedic . primo Tomo praefixa . b The fourth Article , Whether any of them have published in printed books , or openly and in private conference taught any thing contrary to the beliefe of the Catholick Roman Church ? Answer they have , and that every way ; in printed bookes , in written copies or māuscripts , and ( but most of all ) in private conference . Priest Watson Quodl . 2. It followeth that they must either renounce the Catholick Churches authority in crediting these false-hearted seditions , and erroneous Jesuits , or else renounce the said Jesuiticall doctrine . Ib. Art 7. Item , the seculars will be when not one Jesuit shall be left alive in the world ( unlesse they amend their lives and reforme their order ) but all damned for Hereticks , or thrust out of Gods Church , as Apostates and Atheists . Ibid. a Pa ▪ 110. b And lest it should bee thought that saints fall not foule but onely upon such Hereticks as deny the very prime Articles , &c. Charity mist P. 110. c Quemcunque articulum neget , non censetur haereticus , donec Ecclesiae doctrinae rebellis & contumax sit . Lorca in 22. Disp. 3. n. 13. d Consentiunt autem Canonici Colonientes , aliàs p●i & Catholici ( & in margine ) Colonienses Canonici , aliqua ex parte consentiunt haereticis . Vasques in 12. Disp. 20● . n. 3. e Est ins●gnis definitio Concilii Tridentini , ubi non solum damnatur error Lutheri , sed etiam statuitur doctrina de certitudine justificationis nost●ae ; quae opinio quoque Catharino mi●i●i●è resellitur . Yet a little after hee saith thus of Catharinus : Quamvis viro catholico , docto , & pio , &c. Vasques in 12. Disp. 200. n. 39 , 40. 1 Sam. 26.9 . Eccles. 10.20 . Rom. 13.1 , 2. 1 Pet. 2.13 , 17. Inst. lib. 4. cap. 13. n. 14. Habitus & tonsura modicum conferunt ; sed mutatio morum , & integra mortificatio passionum verum faciunt religiosum . T. Kemp. de Imit . Christ. lib. 1. c. 17 Salvatur secularis per fidem in Christum , per eandem & Religiosus . Non te salvabit quòd Minoritanus 〈◊〉 , sed quòd Christianus . Ferus in Rom. 3. See the life & death of Archbishop Whitgift . a Audito nomine transubstātiationis , tāta inter recentiores aliquos scholasticos de natura illis exorta fuit cōtroversia , ut quo magis se ab ea extricare conati fuerint , eò majoribus difficultatibus seipsos implicaverint . Vasq. in 3. Dis. 181. ubi Andabatarum pugna graphicè depingitur . vide etiam Suar. in 3. Tom. 3. Disp. 50. S. 4. Propter hanc difficultatem Theologi in explicāda hac actione , & termino ejus valdè divisi sunt . prima sententia est , &c. b See the like in Anti Machavels preface of part 2. c Alii tradunt corpus Christi essentialiter frangi & dividi , & tamē integrū & incorruptibile existere : quod se colligere asserunt ex confessione Berengarii , qui cōfessus est corā Nicolao papa non solū sub sacramēto , sed in veritate manibus Sacerdotū tractari & ●ideliū dētibus atteri . ●om . 4 D. 12. d Quis ergo dubitat ho●ū Imagines cōsecratas vulgus orare & publicè colere , dum opinio & mēs Imperitorum artis cōcinnitate decipitur , auri fulgore perstringitur , Argēti nitore , & candore eboris nebetatur . Min. Foel . in Octavio . a Stapleton pr●fesseur de controverse● à Do●ay , un de plus doctes Catholiques de nostre tēps , & qui plus exactement à escrit cest argument tientque l● S. Esprit est Promis d'assister aux conciles seulemēt es choses necessaire● & qu'es autres ils pe●uent error . Ex. pacif . chap. 3. a Tertullian de velandis virgin . cap. 1. The rule of faith is onely unmoveable . And de Praes . c. 12. Quaeramus ergò in nostro & à nostris & de nostro , idque dūtaxat quod salva regula fidei potest in quaestionem devenire . Let us inquire or dispute of that which may come into question without hurting the rule of faith . Exod. 14.5 . Ex. 18.10 , ●● . a Cass. Consult . Art. 7. Praecipuam causam hujus calamitatis & distractionis Ecclesiae , illis assignandam qui inani quodam fastu Ecclesiasticae potestatis inflati , rectè & modestè admonentes superbè & fastidiosè contempserunt & repulserunt . Quare nullam Ecclesiae pacem sperandam puto , nisi ab iis initium fiat qui distractionis causam dederunt , &c. Item in libello de Off. pii viri . De correctione admonentes , & ad curationem exhortantes , operamque suam ad id efficiendum offerentes , non modo reji●iunt , & ab Ecclesiae societate depellunt ; verum etiam multis in locis crudeliter interficiendo censuerunt : quae res huic miserabili schismati occasionem dedisle videtur . a Iohn 9.35 . The word found seems to import , that Iesus sought him being cast out , and seeking found him . So Ferus out of Ezek. 34.16 . I will s●ck that which was lost . b Eos damnare non possum qui in fundamentis Apostolicae doctrinae persistentes , studio sincerae Religionis cum aliqua correctionis indigere ab eruditis & piis viris admoniti intelligant , in aliqua Ecclesiae parte , praeunte summâ authoritate , accedente cōmuni illius Ecclesiae consensu , in doctrinae genere aliqua repurgarunt . Quis enim membro vitio vertat , si reliquo corpore laborante , & sui curam negligente , ipsum sui curam suscipiat ? Cassander de Offic. pii viri . 2. Cor. 6.12.13 . 2. Cor. 11.2 , 3. Iste seipsum praedicat non sponsum , & idcircò pellendus est de interiori thalamo , quia Adulter est foris . Agab . ad Clericos . a Quantum ergo ad prima credibilia , quae sunt articuli fidei , tenetur homo explicitè credere , sicut & tenetur habere fidem : quantum autē ad alia credibilia , nō tenetur homo explicitè credere , sed solum implicitè , vel in praeparatione animi in quantū est paratus credere quicquid divina Scriptura continet , &c. Aq. 22. q. 2. A. 5. See more hereafter in the diversitie o● Explicites . b The Priest T.W. as I finde him alledged by B. White in his Orthodoxe Page 134. And the Priest Master Smith askes Mr. Walker whether the Church of England may erre in points fundamentall : and the Councell of Trent , Sess. 3. cals the Creed Fundamentum firmum & unicum . c De praescript . cap. 14. Certè , aut non obstrepant , aut quiescant adversus Regulam . Nihil ultra scire , omnia scire est . d Irenaeus lib. 1. cap. 19. Cum teneamus Regulam veritatis ; id est , Quia sit unus Deus omnipotens , &c. e In his verè completur Prophetia qua dicitur verbum consummans , & brevians in AEquitate — Istud indicium posuerunt , per quod agnosceretur is qui Christum verè secundum Apostolicas Regulas praedicaret . Ruffin . in Symbolum . Sigillum integrum , id est , Symbolum Catholicum . Optat. lib. 2. adversus Pa. Symbolum est breviter complexa Regula fidei . Et , totius Catholicae legis fides Symboli colligitur brevitate . Aug. de Temp. S. 119.115 . Regula fidei pusillis , magnisque communis . Aug de fide , &c. Est autem Symbolum per quod agnoscitur Deus , quod quique proindè credentes accipiunt ut noverint qualiter contra Diabolum fidei certamina praeparent . In quo quidem pauca sunt verba , sed omnia continentur Sacramenta , &c. Isid. de off . Eccl. lib. 2. c. 22. Patrum consensio non in omnibus legis divinae quaestiunculis , sed solùm , certè , praecipuè , in fidei Regula . Item in iis duntaxat praecipuè quaestionibus quibus totius Catholici dogmatis fundamenta nitantur . Vincent . Livin . cap. 39 & 41. a Profecto quod sacer Psalmus pe●sonat verum est , Quoniam pater meus & mater mea dereliquerunt me , Dominus autem assumpsit me ; Si ergò dereliquerunt nos patres nostri , quomodo curis nostris & rebus intersunt ? si autem parentes non intersunt , qui sunt alli mortuorum qui noverint quid agamus , quidve patiamur ? Ib● ergò sunt spiritus defunctorum ubi non vid●n● quaecunque aguntur , aut eveniunt in ista vita hominibus . August de cura pro mortuis cap. 13. b Major difficul●as est circa posteriora Capita ejusdem libri ( Esther ) ab illis verbis , Cap. 10. Dixitque Mordochaeus , à Deo facta sunt omnia . Haec enim non esse veram Scripturam , neque pertinere ad librum Esther Canonicum , opinati sunt ante Concilium Trident. Lyranus , Dion , Carthusianus , Hugo Camotensis , & Caj●tanus ; & post Concilium , Sextus Senensis , Lorca ●ract . de locis Cathol . lib. 1. Dis. 3. membr . 3. n. 23. Liber Baruch : Hunc librum à Canone rejiciunt nonnulli ex haereticis ; & ex Catholicis Dri●do . Idemque sentit Cal. in fine libri Ester , qui nullos libros admittit praeter eos quos Hieronymus expres●è Canonic●s vocat . Id. n. 27. & similia passim in seq . b Etiam quando aliqui dubitabant , libri isti erant Canonici , licet illi probabili ignorantiâ excusantur , negaren● . Id. n. 38. a Universum Romanum Imperium funditùs concussum & emotum est . Vin● . Liri . cap. 6. b Liberius , Sozom . lib. 4. c. 14. Cum his verò simul projicit à sancta Dei Catholica Ecclesia , similiterque anathematizari praevidimus : Et Honorium , qui fuerat Papa antiquae Romae , ●ò quòd invenimus per scripta quae ab eo facta sunt ad Se●gium● quia in omnibus mentē ejus secutus est , & impia dogmata con●irmavi● . Con● . 6. Act. 13. a See the History of the Waldenses , lib. 1. cap. 8. when it was said by a Jesuite , that the Waldenses , and the Ministers of Calvin agree in twenty seven Articles , viz. About the Popes Supremacie , Purgatory , Praiers to Saints , worship of Images , marriage of Priests , sufficiencie of Scriptures , &c. which are more then one or two points , Ibid. part . 3. & lib. 1 ▪ ●b . 6. It is very likely their doctrine came from the Apostles , and agreed with them ; for Reynerius the Inquisitour saith , Some hold so : And againe , They live justly before men , and beleeve all things well of God , and all the Articles contained in the Creed ; onely they hate and blaspheme the Romish Church . Speeds Chronic. Foxe Martyrolog . a● Ann. 1160. The Confessour of L●wes the twelfth , being sent by him to examine some of the Wal●enses , at his returne wishe●h that ●e we●● so good a Christian as the worst of them . Histor. of the Waldense● , ●●b . 1. cap. 5. b See the Mysterie of Iniquity , by Philip Momay L. of Plessis . 1 Kin. 3.26 . b Hunc qui receperunt , veritatem consuetudini anteponunt . Tert. de vel . virg . cap. 1. Consuetudo ●ine veri●a●e v●tustas erroris est ; propter quod relicto errore s●quamur verita●é . Cyp● . ●p●st . 74. b Quaedam in doctrina Christiana tam fidei quam morum esse simpliciter omnibus necessaria ad salutem , qualis est cognitio Articulorum Symboli Apostolici , decem Praeceptorum , & nonnullorum Sacramentotum ; cae●era non ita necessaria , ut sine eorum explicita notitia , & fide , & professione , homo salvari non possit . Bell. de verbo Dei. lib. 4. cap. 11. c In Symbolo Apostolorum & Niceno , ●liqui praeter illos contin●ntur , quos rudes non debent ex praecepto scire , nec fideles communiter ; fed si quis audiat eos in Symbolo contineri , debet credere : nam Communionem Sanctorum non omnes sciunt ; imo , etiam inter homine● literatos non paucos invenias qui ignorant quae sit haec Communio Sanctorum ; Articulus autem de Ecclesia multis viris doctis videtur difficilis ad docendum , & putant rudes in illo communiter errare . — Caeterum adhuc ego non dubitarem concedere esse non paucos rusticos inter Christianos qui absque culpa ignorant aliqua mysteria ex iis quae necessa●ia sunt . Vasques in 12. Disp. 121. n. 2. d Quisque fidelium crede●e explici●è debeat omnes Articulos fidei , vel qui juxta numerum Apostolorum duodecim in Symbolo continentur ▪ vel qui juxta Th●ol●gorum sententiam q●atuordecim proponuntur . — Quaeritur , An quisque , etiam vulgaris & rudis , credere explici●è debeat aliquid praeter praedictos fidei Articulos . Sunt qui ita affirmant , e● ratione permoti , quòd unusquisque expressim credere debeat , immortalem esse animā hominis ; item , esse peccatum originis , &c. — Q●●rundam est opinio , unumquemqu● fidelium debere credere quicquid expressè in Symbolo Apostolorum continetur , & ob id minimè sufficere ●i singul● credant explicitè qua●uordecim Articulos fidei , prout à Theologis propununtur , quoniam quisque praecepto ac lege compellitur ad credendum expressim descensum Christi Domini ad inferos , unam sanctam Ca●holicam Ecclesiam , Sanctorum communionem , peccatorum remissionem , perpetuam Deiparae Vi●ginitatem , de quibus singulis nihil explicitè quatuordecim fidei Articuli praescribunt . Mihi ●amen videtur dicendum , satis ●sse ad salutem cuique fidelium credere explicitè quatuordecim Articulos fidel , vel Symbolum Apostolicum . — Quaeritur , An si quis adeò hebeti & obtuso sit ingenio , ut ipsos Articulos secundùm substan●iam capere nequeat , fidei praecepto satisfaciat si aliquos clariores Articulos explicitè credat ; reliquis verò quos non as●equitur , credat implicitè , &c. Respondeo satisfacere . — Quar● , si quis Trinitatis Articulum nequeat per●ipere , satis est si credat explicitè alios clariores , nimirum Ch●istum D●i filium , natum ex Vi●gine , passum , cruci affixum , m●●tuu● , & sepultum , ex mortuis resu●rexisse , & in c●elos conscendisse . Az●r . Tom. 1. lib. 8. cap. 6. a Aqu●2 ●2 . Q. 1. Art. 8. Lorca Expos. Art. Conclusio est ; conveniens est & sufficiens distinctio & numeratio Articulorum , qua v●l du●decim , vel quatuordecim potiùs numerari ●olent . — For tas●e mens Ecclesiae in hac summa Articulorum non fuit comp●ehend●re omn●s Articulo● qui vel speci●lem d●●sicultatem continent , vel ab omnibus f●delibus explicitè credendi sunt . Ib. b Omnes concedunt minoribus necessarium esse credere aliqua explicitè , licet non obligentur ad omnem latitudinem fidei . In assignanda tamen R●gula quâ diffiniatur quae credere teneantur , dissentiunt , & diversas Regulas statuunt . Communis Regula ferè ab omnibus Theologis ●radita est , Omnes fideles d●bere credere explici●è Articulos qui solenni ritu celebrantur in Ecclesia , & sufficere sibi ●i ●os credant . Hanc Regulam tradunt S. Thomas Art. 7. & ali● Schol●stici in 3. distin●i . 25. &c. Hec tamen Regula quibusdam insufficiens apparet tam excessu quam defectu . Sco●us quaest . 1. Art. 2. indicare videtur praeceptum commure fid●i solum constringere , ut credantur ●aciliora , quae ipse vo●●t ●rossa . Qu●dam ex juni●●●●us ( Suarez . in 3. Tom. 2. d. 43. ) affirmant , sufficere communi pl●bi si credant A●ticulos qui in Symbolo continentur . His ergò Regulis omissis , asserendum est omnibus fidelibus inesse praeceptum , expli●it●●ide credere haec ; Primò , Articulos fidei tam secundùm illam numerati●nem quà quatuordecim numerantur , quam ●os q●● in Symbolo Apostolorum exprimuntur . Tenentur p●●●terea credere Decalogum , & communiora praecepta quae ad Decal●gum reducentur , doci●●nam etiam de septem Sacramentis , & de Oratione , de authoritate 〈◊〉 , & Pralatorum Ecclesiae . Haec omma 〈◊〉 ●ideli 〈…〉 docet 〈◊〉 . in Summa verbo , Ignora●tia . 〈…〉 Ignorantia . Lorca in 22. 〈…〉 . a E●ag . l. 2 c. 4. b Propter nonnullos haereticos addita quaedam videntur , per quae novellae doctrinae sensus videretur excludi . Ruff. in Symbol . c Variatu● , fides augetur , vel diminuitur ratione dispositionis hominis ; nam fides potest esse major in uno quàm in alio , non ratione primae veritatis , quae , cum sit unica . & simplicissima , non diversificatur in credentibus , sed est una in omnibus : Tamen ea quae materialiter credenda proponuntur , sunt plura , & sic ex parte credendorum , personarum , & temporum , potest fides accipi major & minor . Reyn. Pant. de Fide , cap. 1. a Rom. 4.24 , 25. Rom. 10.9 . 1 Cor. 15.1 , 2 , 3 , 4. In absoluto nobis ac facili est aeternitas ; Jesum suscitatum à mortuis per Deum credere , & ipsum esse Dominum confiteri . Hilar. de Trinit . lib. 10. where he calls it also , Religionis portum . Itaque sine ista Fide , hoc est , sine Fide unius Mediatoris Dei & hominis , hominis Christi Jesu , sine Fide inquam Resurrectionis ejus , quam Deus hominibus definivit ; quae ut que sine Incarnatione ejus , ac morte non potest veraciter credi : Sine Fide ergo Incarnationis , & Mortis , & Resurrectionis Christi , neque antiquos justos , ut justi essent ▪ potuisse munda●i , & Dei gratiâ justificari verita● Christiana non dubitat . Aug contra Pelag. & Coelest . lib. 2. cap. 24. The most fundamentall is the Incarnation of the Deity . For the foundation it selfe is God with us . For there is no Rocke but God , Psal. 18.31 . And all the Church is built on this Rocke unto salvation , Mat. 16.18 . Therefore Arians , or any others that build not their faith on the Godhead of the Son , are not built on the Rocke , but on the sands . And the Judge himselfe hath made knowne his judgement on them : They shall not see life , but the wrath of God abideth on them , John 3.18 , 36. So also John 20.31 . 1 Tim. 3.16 . 2 Corin. 5.18 , 19. Colos 2.8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13. 2 Cor. 4.3 , 4. Wherfore , Ignorantes eum qui ex Virgine est Emanuel , privantur munere ejus , quod est vita aeterna . Iren. l 3. c. 21. a See before Romish Authours alledged , who say , that twelve or fourteen Articles ( whereof these of the Canon and Sacraments are none ) doe suffice to be explicitely beleeved ; and divers Romish Authours alledged by Lorca , that differ in the number of the Canonicall Books . b Si finis Sacramentorum esset excitare fidem , Baptismus non prodesset infantibus ; sed iis ●otius qui p●aesentis sunt - . Itō , illi dicunt , Sacramenta ideo instituta esse , ut excitent fidem ; ex quo sequitur effectum illorum esse fidem , 〈◊〉 ja●● re●uta●i — . Becan . Manu●● . c. 11. n. 3● . 31 . & seq . And Vasquez brings in divers great Doctors , that distinguish between the mysteries of Faith , without the knowledge of which a man cannot be saved ; and Baptisme , and other Sacraments . Ex his tamen Doctoribus , Alexander , Bonaventura , Gabriel & Adrianus loquuti solùm videntur de ignorantia Fidei circa mysteria , sine quibus salus non contingit alicui ; caeteri verò de ignorantia cujuscunque praecepta divini positivi , quale est Baptismi — Cum praedictis Doctoribus concordat Corduba ; quod attinet ad fidem mysteriorum , quae ad salutem necessaria sunt , non tamen in eo quod spectat ad praecepta positiva Dei , qualis est Baptismi , & aliorum Sacramentorum . Vasquez m. 1.2 . Disp. 120. cap. 1. a It is a Romish distinction , Reatus simplex , & redundans in personam . b Sequitur , illum solum amittere f●dem , qui peccat contra fidem sciens & prudens ; errans voluntariè , aut dubitans . Ille tamen qui peccat ignorantià , quamvis crassa , & culpabili culpâ mortali , sicut non est haereticus , sic etiam nec fidem perdit ; ut satis clarè S. Thomas Articulo illo tertio ( q. 5. ) docuit illis verbis : si enim non p●●tinaciter dissentit , non est haereticus , sed solum errans . Lorca in 22. Sect. 1. Disp. 33. a Semel in totum macellum in Apostolo admissà detestatione eorum , qui sicut nubere prohibent , ita jubeant à cibis abstinere à Deo conditis ; & ideo nos esse jam tunc praenotatos in novissimis temporibus abscedentes à fide , &c. Tert. de Iejun . adver . Psychios , b How shall a spectator beleeve that flesh is not thought uncleane , when he seeth a Fast to exclude it , and yet to admit all delicate and incendiary fishes , conserves and wines ? Licet liberè saepius vinum . Navar. Man. cap. 21. n. 13. In more positum est , ut in diebus jejuniorum piscibus , leguminibus , fructibus , & vino similiter utamur ; & omnes communi consensu testantur , id quod solum in potum , non in ●ibum sumitur , cujusmodi vinum etiam est , jejunium minimè relaxare . Azor. lib. 7. cap. 10. c Est verum , omnes qui volunt posse continere . B●llar● . de Mona●bis cap. 31. Yet we read in the History of Trent , lib. 7. many reasons were given for Priests marriage , whereof one wa● , Want of continent persons fit to exercise the Ministery . And the chiefe reason of forbidding it , is there expressed ; It would turne the Priests affections to their Families , from the Popes Hierarchie . d Sodomitium scelus ex Coelibatus rigore eas radices in Clero Romano defigit , ut Petrus Damianus eremum petere coactus , librum conscribat cui Titulus , Gomorrhaeus , in quo omnes ejus species edisserit ▪ quales tum a pud eos bacchabantur , eumque L●oni n●no inscribit , cujus adversus tanti mali diluviem opem implorat . P●ess . M●st. Iniquit . ad annum 1060. In the yeere 1563. Proclamation was made within the Province of Sivil , that whosoever knew or heard of any Monks or religious persons that had abused Auricular Confession to abominable acts with Matrons and Maidens , they should come in within 30. dayes , laying great penalties on the refusers . Presently there came in such a number of women , only inhabitants within the City of Sivil , that twenty Notaries , and as many Inquisitors would not have sufficed to take the complaints . Wherefore the Inquisitors gave 30. daies more . The Monks , Friers , and Priests go up and downe very melancholy ; and as great a plague was feared as the persecution which was then hot against the Lutherans . But the Inquisitors fearing to bring their spiritualty into hatred and obl●quy , and especially to discredit their Auricular Confession , contrary to all mens expectations , made a stay therein , though the Court was orderly seised . Discov . of the Spanish Inquisition . e Pighius , Contarenus , Colonienses , Ferus , &c. And the very Councell of Trent saith , That Justification is free , and not merited by faith or workes . Nihil eorum quae Justificationem praecedunt , sive fides , sive opera , gratiam promeretur . Concil . Trident. Sess. 6. Cap. 7. And therefore Becanus , Sequitur ipsa Justificatio , id est , acquisitio , seu infusio justitiae inhaerentis . Cujus justitiae duplex est effectus formalis ; Alter expulsio , seu remissio peccatorum : Alter sanctificatio & renovatio interioris hominis ; uterque , respectu nostri , gratuitas . And he cited this Chapter of Trent . Bec. Manu . lib. 1. cap. 16. c Cum ergo dicit Apostolus arbitrari se justificari ▪ hominem per fidem sine operibus Legis ; non hoc agit ut praeceptâ ac professâ fide , opera justitiae contemnantur : sed ut sciat se quisque per fidem posse justificari , etiamsi Legis opera non praecesserint ; sequuntur enim justificatum , non praecedunt justificandum : unde in praesenti opere non opus est latiùs disputare , praesertim , quia modò de hac quaestione prolixum librum edidi , qui inscribitur de litera & spiritu . August . de fide & operibus , cap. 14. Per ipsam ( Gratiam ) quippe justificatur gratis , id est , nullis suorum operum praecedentibus meritis ; alioquin gratia jam non est gratia , quandoquidem ideo datur , non quia bona opera fecimus ; sed ut ea facere valeamus . August . de spiritu & litera , cap. 10. d Quem commissio peccatorum diabolo subdidit , remiflio pecca●orum per sanguinem Christi data à diabolo eruit , ut sic justi●iâ vinceretur diabolus , non po●entiâ . Sed quâ justitiâ ? Jesu Christi : Et quomodo victus est eâ ? Quia in ea nihil dignum morte inveniens , occidit eum tamen . Et utique justum est , ut debitores quos teneba● , liberi dimittantur , in eum CREDENTES , quem sine ullo debito occidit . Lombard . ( ex Aug. ) lib. 3. dist . 20. h Sciendum est quod Ecclesiam credere , non tamen in Ecclesiam credere debeamus , quia Ecclesia non Deus , sed domus Dei est . August . de tempore , s●●m . 181. i Acknowledged before by Vasqu●z , and by those who hol● 〈◊〉 fourteen Articles to suffice for Explicite faith . Hist. Trent . lib. 2. k Vocabulum ambiguum in altero sensum verum & bonum , in altero falsum & perniciosum . Bellar . lib. 4. de lib. ●rb . cap. 6. ex Calvin . Instit. lib. 2. cap. 2. Act 9.1 , 6. & 21.13 . Rev. 12.17 . Gal. 3.16 , 28.29 . Psal. 110.2 , 3. Psal. 2.8 . Rom. 4.21 . Rom. 9.7 , 8. Rom. 4.11 , 34. Collect of Christ his Circumcision . First Sunday in Lent. First Sunday after Trini●y . 17. Sunday . Q●idam non credendo credunt . Tertul. a Natura h●●mana etiam si in illa integritate in qua est condi●a permaneret nullo modo scipsam ▪ Creatore suo non adjuvante , servaret . Concil . Ar. Ca. 19. 1 Pet. 1.5 ▪ b Rom. 7.23 ▪ Mat. 16. Joh. 3.9 . * 1 Cor. 1.9 . 1 Cor. 10.13 . 1 Thes. 5.14 . 2 Thes. 3.3 . Heb. 10.23 . a Cass. Art. 18. ex Bonavent . Hoc piarum mentium est , ut nil sibi tribuant , sed totum gra●iae Dei ; unde , quantum cunque aliquis det gratiae Dei , à pietate non recedet , etiamsi multa tribuendo gratiae Dei , aliquid subtrahat p●testati Naturae , vel li●e●i arb●t 〈◊〉 : cù● verò aliquid gratiae Dei subtrahitur , & Natu●ae t●ibuitu● quòd gra●●●● est , ibi potest periculum intervenire . b Then was a Saint of Rome & a Cardinall rather Jewes then Christians , by the Cavaliers censure ; for thus saith Lorca , Gravior Controversia est de his li●ris , quos à Canone ●ejiciunt , non solum hae●etici recentiores , sed etiam sanctus Antonius & Caj●tanus . Tract . de loc . Cathol . lib. 1. Disp. 3. Mem. 3. ubi de libris Tobiae , Iudith , Eccl●siastici , Sapientiae , & Maccabaeorum disputat . Rom 3 1 , 2. a Nec tamen concedendum est , hos libros antiquae Synagogae , ante adventum C●risti ignor●●●uisse , & ex●ra Canonem● quoniam ●●●l●sia ab e●s pr● Ap●stoli●is 〈…〉 . b 〈◊〉 Scriptu●am quae app●llatur Maccab●●●rum , ●udaei non h●bent sicut Legem , & Prophetas , & Psalmos , &c. 〈…〉 . Epi●● . Gau●en● . l. 2. ca. 23. c Non oportet libros qui sunt extra Can●nem l●gere , nisi solo● Canonicos Novi & Veteris Testamenti . Q●●e a●tem opo●●●at legi , & in authoritatem recipi haec sunt , Gen●sis , 〈…〉 . A● Macca●●●o●um lib●i in ho● Catalogo nusquam legu●tur . 〈◊〉 . L●odicen . in s●xta Sy●odo confirma●um . 2 Thess. 2. Tu per Thomae s●nguinem , &c. La● Matris misce●e volo cum sanguine Nat● . Ave salus 〈◊〉 s●cul● , Arbor 〈◊〉 . Item , In Cruce Christi ponimus spem salutis ; Cantat enim Eccl●●●● , O C●u● , a●e spes u●ica , &c. Aquia . 3. ●●ast . 25. Art. 4. 2 Chro. 29.5 . Reynolds and Harts conference , Chap. 2. dist . 2. a It were good that the Cavalier would answer his own great Masters , Driedo , Castro , and Vasquez , who say , that a Law-maker cannot at his pleasure by his command , make a sinne veniall or mortall . Materiae quae praecipitur gravitas & utilitas tantae considerationis est , ut non pendeat ex voluntate Legislatoris ad mortalem , aut venialem culpam obligare , posito semel praecepto , sed ex ipsa majore gravitate & levitate respectu finis , cujus gratia praecipitur culpa venialis , aut mortalis judicanda sit . Vasquez ●● . 12. Disp. 158. cap. 4. And it seemes it is not for the Popes honour to command points of small importance : For Thomas Aquinas saith of the Pope , Ad quem majores & difficiliores Ecclesiae quaestiones referun●ur . 22. quaest . 1. A. 10. So it seemes this Eagle should not take Flies . But the Councell of Ephesus , Decrevit sancta haec Synodus alteram sidem ; Nemini licere proferre , aut scribere , aut componere praeter ●am quae de●inita fuit à sanctis Patribus apud Nicaeam urbem in Spiritu sancto congregatis . And A●hanasius gives a reason for it : Nam fides quae mihi à Patribus , secundùm sacras Scripturas , & Confessionibus confirmata est , satis mihi idonea ●●ticaxque videbatur ad omnem imp●●tatem emovendam , & pi●tatem ejus , quae in Christo est , fidei 〈…〉 A●hanas . ad Epict. epist. Corinth . Videte detractores , videte canes , &c. a Superstitionis impietat●m nomine Religionis intitulant — In operimentum turpitudinis continentiae se insigniere voto . — Hi adeo , aut bestiales sunt , ut non advertant qualiter omni immunditiae laxat habenas qui nuptias damnat , aut certè ita pleni nequitiâ , & diabolicâ malignitate absorpti , ut advertentes dissimulent , & laetentur in perditione hominum . Tolle de Ecclesia honorabile Connubium , & thorum immaculatum , nonne reples eam concubina iis , incestuosis , seminifluis , mollibus , masculorum concubitoribus , & omni denique genere immundorum ? Elige ergo utrumlibet , aut sal●a●i universa haec MONSTRA hominum , aut numerum salvandorum ad continentium redigi paucitatem . Bernard . in Cant. serm . 66. Revel . 6.9 , 10. Revel . 19.1 , 2. Rom. 14.23 . Eccles. 7.1 . Psal. 112.6 . Page 35 ▪ a Tu quid Christo universalis sanctae Ecclesiae capiti in extremi judiciidicturus es examine , qui cuncta ejus membra tibimet conaris universalis appellatione supponere ? Quis rogo in hoc tam perverso vocabulo , nisi ille ad incitandum proponitur , qui dispectis Angelorū legionibus secum socialiter constitutis ad culmen conatus est singularitatis erumpere , ut & nulli subesse , & solus omnibus praeesse videretur . Greg. Mag. lib. 4. Epist. 38. b Ego autem fidenter dico , quia quisquis se universalem Sacerdotem vocat , vel vocari desiderat , in elatione sua Antichristum praecurrit , quia superbiendo s● caeteris praeponit . I● . lib. 6. Epist. 30. Mauritio Augusto . a Iohn Tankerill , a Batchelour of Divinity , defended , that the Pope , Vicar of Christ , is Monarch of the Church , and may deprive Kings & Princes , who disobey his commandments , of their Kingdomes , States , and Dignities . For which hee being condemned to recant by the French , the Court of Rome spake of the French men as of lost sheepe , who denyed the Authority given by Christ to Saint Peter . Hist. Trent . lib. 5. And yet Optatus saith , Cùm super Imperatorem non sit , nisi solus D●us qui fecit Imperatorem — Dixisti , Ego sum Deus ; Ide● , quia quam vis non sit usus hâc voce , tamen aut facit , aut passus est quòd defectum hujus vocis impleret . Extulit corsuum ut nullum hominem sibi comparandum arbitraretur & tumore mentis suae altior sibi visus est esse ; quia quicquid est supra homines jam quasi Deus est . lib. 3. b Hist. Trent . lib. 1. Rom. 10.14 , 17. It is likely the Pope himselfe was of a contrary opinion to the Cavalier , and doubted that uniformity would bring to uni●y , and therefore forbad his Disciples this uniformity . a It seems , Ministers had need to looke carefully to their carriage ; especially , since notice is given of a book written by Papists , of the lives of divers , with their names and actions . Can. 3. Can. ● . Ephes. 4. a Sub persecutore Floro , Ch●istiani Idol●●um cog●ban●u● ad T●●pla . Sub M●ca●io 〈◊〉 ( Donat●lae ) compellebantur ad Basil●cam . Sub Horo d●●eb●tur , ut n●ga●etur Christus , & Idola ●ogarentu● ; contra , sub Macario commonebantur omnes , ut Deus unus pariter in Ecclesia ab omnibus coleretu● . Optat. lib. 3. Aliorum autem Imp●●atorum justitiam ▪ l●g●sque quae veh●m●nte ▪ adversus 〈◊〉 l●●ae sunt , qui ▪ ignorat ? In quibus una Generalis advers●● omnes qui Ch●istian●s s● d●ci volunt , & Ecclesiae Catholicae non communicant , s●d in sui● separatim c●nventiculis congregantur , id continet ut vel ordinato● Cle●ici , vel ipse ordinatus deni● libris auri mulct●tu● . Locus verò ipse qu● impia separatio congregatur , redigatur in F●●cum . 〈◊〉 ●ontra Parm●● . lib. 1. b Ecclesia paulatim progressa est , & ●m●ia rem●dia expe●ta , primò solum excommuni●abat , deinde addidic P●CUNIARIAM mul●tam . B●llar . de 〈◊〉 , cap. 21. c Tu id sentis de certitudine tollente omnem dubietatem , ac si divini●ùs nobis esset certò propositum , id esse revelatum à Deo. Ego verò , & credo Cath●lici omnes , auscultantes SANCTUM DECRETUM , id a●negamus . Dom. So●o . Apolog . d Castro libro 3. contra haereses verbo . Baptismus haeres . 9. sententiam Cajetani , ut haereticam damnare videtur . Suarez m. 3. T. 3. disp . 27. sect . 3. e Quod convocandi Concilii intentio satis sincera non fuit , Romanae avaritiae artificiosa provisio patefecit . Multi enim evocati , quibus iter cundi ad Concilium difficile vel intolerabile videbatur , interventu pecuntae turpius exactae quam praestitae relaxari meruerunt . Neubridg . lib. 3. cap. 2. Quando hactenus aurum Roma refudit ? Bernard . de consider . lib. 3. f At ( nuntius ille Rufi ) priusquam abeam tecum secretiùs agam : Mansit ergo ibi per dies plurimos — munera quibus ea cordî esse animadvertebat disperti●ndo , & p●llicendo . Deductus ergo à sententia Romanus Pontifex est . Ladmer . lib. 2. Nec mirum , nam omnes satisfactiones quae poenitentibus imponuntur à Confessore , juxta Ecclesiae Romanae statuta possunt commutari in pecuniarias . Texeda Hispanus C 5. Execution of Iustice , pag. 16 , 17. a Scripturis iisdem confirmat quibus probat . D. Cypr. de exhort . Mart. cap. 5. Quod sic Idololatriae indignetur Deus , ut praeceperit ●os etiam interfici qui sacrifica●e & servire Idolis suaserint . Quo loco vide A●net●t . num . 27. & latius in Epist. ejusdem 52. ad Antonianum . Pam●lius in Tertull. ad Scapul . n. 8. Quum autem jussu Divino debea● occidi Idololatra Exod. 22. — Moyses talium sanguine putavit Levitarum suorum manus consecr●tas iri , Exod. 32. quod & Phin●ae ad justitiam reputatum est , usque in sempiternum , Num. 25. Psalm . 105. Propterea princeps , ut benè tibi sit , auseras Prophetas istos , &c. Quintinus inter Adnot . Pamelii . Tertull. de Praescript . n. 254. The Idolatry of Popery hath beene proved by many : and above many , by B. Bilson , Christ. Subject . part . 4. B. M●rton of the Masse , lib. 7. Dr. Reynolds de Idololatria Romana : And confessed before by Cassander . b I hold directly the affirmative part , scil . That both her Majesties laws and proceedings against all sorts of Catholicks have bin milde and mercifull . Watson Quodlibet . 8. Act. 9. I said , that ( caeteris paribus ) her Majesties proceedings had been both mild and mercifull , and that wee are not so much to exclaime against the cruelty of the Persecution , as to admire how that any of us are left alive to talke of Religion . Id. Appendix to the Quodlibets . Psal. 100. 2 Cor. 5.14.2.15 . 2 Cor. 4.17 . Gen. 32.10 . Gen. 15.1 . a Sancti totam spem referunt ad misericordiam Dei. Lorca m. 22. Sect. 2. Disp. 3. num . 12. Summum malum est in operibus nostris & meritis confidere ; hoc enim est me itum Christi blasphemare , Ferus in Eccles. 4. licet renitente Indice Exp. Sandonal . At Ferus etiam in Ionae cap. 2. Q●i in tentatione vel in scipsum , in sua scilicet sapientia , consiliis , v●●●u● , justitia , vel in quacunque creatura finaliter confidit , is verè vanitates observa● , in arenam aedificat , & mise●ic●●diam suam frustia relinquit , hoc est , Deum , qui est Misericordia nostra . — 1 Cor. 15.58 . Psal. 33.18 . Facit Potentiam in brachio suo : In quo animadverte , quod beatam se esse dicat ( beata Vi●go ) non proprio merito , atque virtute , sed Dei in se habitantis element â Hi●ronymus advers . P●lag . l●b . 1. Psalm . 147.24 . Tum ergò justi sumas quando nos p●ccatores fatemur , & justitia nostra non ex proprio m●rite , f●d ex Dei consistit misericordia . Hieronym . Ib. Joh. 17.23 , 24. Heb. 11.5 . Art. 12. a Yea , their owne Conradus Clinguis writes thus : Opera justificatorum , quam vis ex fide Christi , ad laudem & gloriam Dei , atque dilectionem proximi fiant , quia tamen nos ex carne & sanguine polluti sumus ; hinc est quod opera nostra in sua bonitate , natura , & dignitate considerata , sint i●pura & imperfecta , ex se & propria sua virtute ; Et quoniam omnia opera nostra , etiam post fidem facta , sunt imperf●cta , & immunda , & involuntaria , ideò non possumus contendere cum Deo , quasi nobis aliquid debeat , & teneatur ex condigno , sicut mercenarius pro laboribus suis cum Domino . Et in eum finem dicimus quòd opera nostra non merentur vitam aeternam , sicut m●la & imperfectà monetâ nihil ●mi potest . L●c. Com. lib. 1. cap. 22. Heb. 11.26 . b Duo à te ( Pelagio ) proposita sunt : unum posse hominem sine peccato esse si velit , &c. sine peccato esse perpetuo , summae solius est potestatis . Itaque , aut da exemplum qui absque peccato fuerint , aut si dare non potes confitere imbecillitatem tuam , & noli ponere in coelum os tuum , ut per esse & esse , posse , stultorum illudas auribus . Quis enim tibi conceder posse hominem facere quod nullus unquam hominum potuerit ? Hieron . in Prooem . lib. 1. advers . Pelagianos . Si dixerimus quod peccatum non habemus , nos ipsos decipimus , & veritas in nobis non est : Hoc qui dixit , sapienter se ad Dei gratiam reservavit . Est enim Christiani hominis quod bonum est velle ; & in Deo quod bene voluerit currere : sed homini non est datum perficere , ut post spatia quae debet homo implere , rester aliquid Deo ubi deficienti succurrat , quia ipse solus est perfectio , & perfectus solus Dei Filius Christus , caeteri omnes semiperfecti sumus . Opt. li. 2. Qui autem rectissimè sapiunt , intelligunt quemlibet hominum , quam vis jam pro consortio societatis humanae non absurdè dici possit justissimè vivere , non tamen posse esse sine aliquo vitio quamdiu caro concupiscit adversus spiritum , spiritus autem adversus carnem . Aug. contra Parmen . lib. 1. ‖ Gal. 5.17 . c Q●ae potest alia major esse ●em●ritas quā Dei ( non dicā similitudinem sed ) aequalitatē vendicare , & brevi sentent●â omnia hae●●tcorum venena complecti . — Hoc est enim hominē ex homine colere , & in co●pore cōstitutum esse sine corpore , & optare potiùs quàm docere , dic●nte Apostol● , Miser ego hom● , qui● meliberabit de corpore mortis hujus ? — Si quod non vult ( Paulus ) operatu● , qu●modo sta●● potest hoc quod dicitur , p●sse hominem esse sine peccato si velit ? Quâ ratione potest esse quod velit , ●ùm Apostolus asserat se quod cupiat implere non posse ? cumque ab eis quaerim●s , qui sunt illi quos absque peccato putent ; Nova stropha eluder● cupiunt ve●itatem , se non eos dicere qui sint vel fuerint , sed qui esse possint . Eg●egii Doctores dicunt esse posse , quod nunquam sui●le demonstrant , dicente Scriptura , Omne quod suturum est , ita sactum est in priore tempore . Hieron . ad C●●●●phon● . Apostoli una hora vigilare non possunt , somno , 〈◊〉 , & carnis fragilitate superati ; & tu p●tes longo tempore omnia peccata superare . Id. advers . Pelag. l. 2. † Rom. 7.18 , 23. * Phil. 3.12.13 , 14. * Psal. 103.14 . d Qui ad summum nititur , aliquoties in med●o subsistit ; at qui medium destinavit nimio saepenume●ò residet . Eraesm . in Scholiis Epist. Hier. ad C●esiphont . Est quoddam prodire tenus si non datur ultra . Item , Nam vitiis nemo sine nascitur , optimus ille Qui minimis urgetur . Horat. Arduos agressus virtutis suspice : etiam si decidunt , magna conantes . Generosa res est , respicientē non ad suas , sed ad naturae ( gratiae ) vires , conari alta , tentare , & mente majora concipere , quā quae ingenti animo adornatis effici possint . Senec . de vit . B●a● . cap. 20. e S. Augustine hath written a book de persectione justitiae , especially to answer this Pelagiā question . Ratiocinat . Pelagianorum 6. Cur praeciperetur quod fieri omnino non posset ? Respondetur , consultissimè homini praecipi , ut rectis passibus ambulet , ut cum se non posse perspexerit , medicinam requirat , quae interioris hominis ad sanandam peccati claudicationem , gratia Dei est per Jesum Christ. Dom. nostrum . Ratioc . 8. Tunc erit plena justitia , quando plena sanitas ; tunc plena sanitas , quando plena charitas , plenitudo enim legis charitas ; tunc autem plena charitas , quando videbimus eum sicuti est . Ratioc . 9. Quia peccavit voluntas secuta est peccantem , peccatū habendi dura necessitas , donec tota sanetur infirmitas , & accipiatur tanta libertas , in qua , sicut necesse est , permaneat beatè vivendi voluntas ; ita ut sit etiam benè vivendi , & nunquam peccandi voluntaria foelixque necessitas . Ratioc . 11. Frustra non prohiberetur aut juberetur , quod vel caveri , vel impleri non possit . Respondetur — Ad hoc enim lex ista praecepit , ut cùm in his implendis homo defecerit , non se extollat superbia tumidus ; sed ad gratiam confugiat fatigatus , ac sic eum lex terrendo , ad Christum diligendum Paedagogi perducat officio . Ratioc . 15. Si est aliquod peccatū quod vitari non posset , quomodo justus Deus dicitur , si imputare cuiquā creditur quod vitare non posset ? Respondemus , Jam olim cōtra superbos est clamatum , Beatus cui non imputavit Dominus peccatum , non enim imputat his qui fideliter ei dicunt , Di●itte nobis debita nostra . Ratioc . 17. Dicit Apostolus , Non quia 〈◊〉 acceperim , aut jam perfectus sum , &c. Quotquot ergò perfectè currimus , hoc sapiamus quod nondū perfecti sumus ; ut illic per●iciamur quo perfectè adhuc currimus . — Cur ergò non praeciperetur homini ista perfectio , quā vis jam in hac vita nemo habeat ? Non enim rectè curritur , si quo currendum est nesciatur . Quomodo autem sciretur , si nullis praeceptis ostenderetur ? — Testimonia , inquit , quibus probatur praeceptum esse homini , ut absque peccato sit . Ad hoc respondemus : Non utrum praeceptum sit quaeritur , quod valdè manifestū est ; sed hoc ipsum quòd praeceptū esse constat u●●um in corpore mortis hujus possit impleri , ubi caro concupiscit adve●sus spiritum , & spiritus adversus carnem , ut non ea quae volumus faciamus . — Haec est nunc nostra justitia quâ currimus , esurientes & sitientes ad perfectionem plenitudinemque justitiae , ut eâ postea saturemur . a Hist. of Trent , lib. 2. Great Oracle , &c. a Principale crimen generis humani , summus seculi reatus , tota causa judicii idololatria : Nam , etsi suam speciem tenet unumquodque delictum , & si suo quoque Nomine judicio destinctur , in Idoloterriae tamen crimine expungitur . Tertul. de 〈◊〉 . Lam. 4.13 . * Jer. 25.4 , 5 , 6. &c. 2 King. 17.13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20. 2 King. 21.10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 16. 2 Chr. 36.14 , 15 , 16. Ezek. 36.18 . Rev. 11.8 . Rev. 16.6 . Rev. 17.6 . Rev. 18.21 . Rev. 19.