Distant Reader - subject-calvinism-freebo

Introduction

This is a Distant Reader "study carrel", a set of structured data intended to help the student, researcher, or scholar use & understand a corpus.

This study carrel was created on 2021-05-24 by Eric Morgan <emorgan@nd.edu>. The carrel was created using the Distant Reader zip2carrel process, and the input was a Zip file locally cached with the name input-file.zip. Documents in the Zip file have been saved in a cache, and each of them have been transformed & saved as a set of plain text files. All of the analysis -- "reading" -- has been done against these plain text files. For example, a short narrative report has been created. This Web page is a more verbose version of that report.

All study carrels are self-contained -- no Internet connection is necessary to use them. Download this carrel for offline reading. The carrel is made up of many subdirectories and data files. The manifest describes each one in greater detail.

Size

There are 14 item(s) in this carrel, and this carrel is 750,287 words long. Each item in your study carrel is, on average, 53,591 words long. If you dig deeper, then you might want to save yourself some time by reading a shorter item. On the other hand, if your desire is for more detail, then you might consider reading a longer item. The following charts illustrate the overall size of the carrel.

Readability

On a scale from 0 to 100, where 0 is very difficult and 100 is very easy, the documents have an average readability score of 95. Consequently, if you want to read something more simplistic, then consider a document with a higher score. If you want something more specialized, then consider something with a lower score. The following charts illustrate the overall readability of the carrel.

Word Frequencies

By merely counting & tabulating the frequency of individual words or phrases, you can begin to get an understanding of the carrel's "aboutness". Excluding "stop words", some of the more frequent words include:

god, us, will, church, one, may, men, christ, shall, good, things, yet, man, also, make, faith, made, great, first, say, without, true, many, world, thing, much, like, therefore, reason, must, religion, doth, time, well, every, yea, others, see, life, let, never, respect, even, nothing, word, holy, might, nature, way, know

Using the three most frequent words, the three files containing all of those words the most are An historical defence of the Reformation in answer to a book intituled, Just-prejudices against the Calvinists / written in French by the reverend and learned Monsieur Claude ... ; and now faithfully translated into English by T.B., M.A., The marrow of sacred divinity drawne out of the Holy Scriptures, and the interpreters thereof, and brought into method / by William Ames ... ; translated out of the Latine ... ; whereunto are annexed certaine tables representing the substance and heads of all in a short view ... as also a table opening the hard words therein contained., and Sermons on special occasions and subjects ... by John Edwards ....

The most frequent two-word phrases (bigrams) include:

jesus christ, let us, every one, true church, holy ghost, one another, wicked men, latin church, holy spirit, make use, christian religion, take away, give us, truly faithful, saint paul, must needs, english books, early english, new testament, whole body, true faith, nothing else, made use, god will, make us, greatest part, set forth, tells us, good conscience, books online, every thing, may see, iesus christ, will say, may bee, many things, holy scripture, tell us, every man, one may, may say, saint peter, good things, take heed, one side, will make, whence also, two things, first reformers, humane nature

And the three file that use all of the three most frequent phrases are The tryall of true wisdom, with how to become wise indeed, or, A choice and cheap gift for a friend both to please and pleasure him, be he inferior or superior, sinful or faithful, ignorant or intelligent / By R. Younge ... ; add this as an appendix, or third part, to The hearts index, and, A short and sure way, to grace and salvation. A sovereign antidote to drive out discontent in all that any way suffer affliction As also the benefit of affliction; and how to husband it so, that the weakest Christian (with blessing from above) may be able to support himself in his most miserable exigents. Together with the wit, generosity, magnanimity and invincible strength of a patient Christian rightly so stiled, and as is herein characterized extracted out of the choisest authors, ancient and modern, both holy and humane. Necessary to be read of all that any way suffer tribulation. The second part. By R. Younge, of Roxwell in Essex, Florilegus. Licensed and entered according to order., and A sovereign antidote against all grief extracted out of the choisest authors, ancient and modern both holy and humane : necessary to be read of all that any way suffer tribulation / by R. Younge ....

While often deemed superficial or sophomoric, rudimentary frequencies and their associated "word clouds" can be quite insightful:

Keywords

Sets of keywords -- statistically significant words -- can be enumerated by comparing the relative frequency of words with the number of times the words appear in an entire corpus. Some of the most statistically significant keywords in the carrel include:

god, lord, cor, christ, saviour, gods, church, world, religion, man, law, king, christian, tcp, spirit, faith, word, scripture, psal, matth, gospel, good, father, truth, thy, thou, separation, satan, people, men, joh, holy, great, doctrine, divine, council, communion, chap, bishops, authority, acts, words, wise, war, tradition, sun, state, sonne, son, society

And now word clouds really begin to shine:

Topic Modeling

Topic modeling is another popular approach to connoting the aboutness of a corpus. If the study carrel could be summed up in a single word, then that word might be god, and The letter writ by the last Assembly General of the Clergy of France to the Protestants, inviting them to return to their communion together with the methods proposed by them for their conviction / translated into English, and examined by Gilbert Burnet. is most about that word.

If the study carrel could be summed up in three words ("topics") then those words and their significantly associated titles include:

If the study carrel could be summed up in five topics, and each topic were each denoted with three words, then those topics and their most significantly associated files would be:

Moreover, the totality of the study carrel's aboutness, can be visualized with the following pie chart:

Noun & Verbs

Through an analysis of your study carrel's parts-of-speech, you are able to answer question beyonds aboutness. For example, a list of the most frequent nouns helps you answer what questions; "What is discussed in this collection?":

men, things, man, thing, others, time, reason, nothing, respect, way, life, part, body, nature, manner, self, end, religion, people, faith, one, words, truth, word, day, place, world, selves, sin, fathers, death, scripture, power, author, doth, use, persons, yea, cause, knowledge, heart, grace, none, hath, will, sins, name, glory, love, matter

An enumeration of the verbs helps you learn what actions take place in a text or what the things in the text do. Very frequently, the most common lemmatized verbs are "be", "have", and "do"; the more interesting verbs usually occur further down the list of frequencies:

is, be, are, have, was, were, had, do, make, made, did, say, being, been, has, let, said, see, know, give, called, take, come, according, set, done, given, believe, having, think, put, makes, hath, found, does, speak, go, says, taken, find, bee, call, read, suffer, thought, concerning, received, brought, am, live

Proper Nouns

An extraction of proper nouns helps you determine the names of people and places in your study carrel.

god, church, christ, 〉, ◊, 〈, thou, faith, lord, jesus, rome, world, heaven, holy, cor, hath, christian, yea, spirit, council, ministry, divine, wee, gods, pope, doe, rom, c., saint, father, authority, ●, doctrine, paul, law, society, gospel, prejudices, s., religion, communion, christians, iohn, chap, king, reformation, word, christianity, saviour, hell

An analysis of personal pronouns enables you to answer at least two questions: 1) "What, if any, is the overall gender of my study carrel?", and 2) "To what degree are the texts in my study carrel self-centered versus inclusive?"

it, they, he, his, their, we, them, our, i, us, him, you, themselves, your, her, my, himself, its, thy, me, she, thee, one, ours, theirs, ye, mine, yours, pelf, †, yee, whereof, ourselves, ●, whosoever, observ''d, iv, itself, hers, elias, wil, vvhat, thou, s, myself, lye, justly, hh, herself, hee

Below are words cloud of your study carrel's proper & personal pronouns.

Adjectives & Verbs

Learning about a corpus's adjectives and adverbs helps you answer how questions: "How are things described and how are things done?" An analysis of adjectives and adverbs also points to a corpus's overall sentiment. "In general, is my study carrel positive or negative?"

other, good, same, great, such, many, own, true, more, first, whole, necessary, wicked, much, very, greatest, least, common, new, faithful, false, little, certain, wise, greater, holy, able, former, contrary, second, particular, most, saith, better, godly, present, proper, best, last, like, sufficient, religious, few, general, ill, lawful, humane, free, visible, right

not, so, then, more, also, only, therefore, as, most, up, very, yet, never, even, well, now, out, much, here, together, ever, far, first, there, thus, away, too, hence, indeed, just, down, onely, forth, rather, again, properly, further, all, in, otherwise, off, alone, truly, no, whatsoever, before, always, often, long, especially

Next steps

There is much more to a study carrel than the things outlined above. Use this page's menubar to navigate and explore in more detail. There you will find additional features & functions including: ngrams, parts-of-speech, grammars, named entities, topic modeling, a simple search interface, etc.

Again, study carrels are self-contained. Download this carrel for offline viewing and use.

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