A short survey of our Julian English yeare with the definition, deviation, dimension and manner of reformation. Vilvain, Robert, 1575?-1663. This text is an enriched version of the TCP digital transcription A64947 of text R9753 in the English Short Title Catalog (Wing V396). Textual changes and metadata enrichments aim at making the text more computationally tractable, easier to read, and suitable for network-based collaborative curation by amateur and professional end users from many walks of life. The text has been tokenized and linguistically annotated with MorphAdorner. The annotation includes standard spellings that support the display of a text in a standardized format that preserves archaic forms ('loveth', 'seekest'). Textual changes aim at restoring the text the author or stationer meant to publish. This text has not been fully proofread Approx. 7 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 1 1-bit group-IV TIFF page image. EarlyPrint Project Evanston,IL, Notre Dame, IN, St. Louis, MO 2017 A64947 Wing V396 ESTC R9753 13545478 ocm 13545478 100118 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A64947) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 100118) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1641-1700 ; 479:23) A short survey of our Julian English yeare with the definition, deviation, dimension and manner of reformation. Vilvain, Robert, 1575?-1663. 1 sheet ([1] p.) s.n., [London? : 1656] Caption title. Reproduction of original in Bodleian Library. eng Calendar, Julian. Broadsides -- England -- London -- 17th century A64947 R9753 (Wing V396). civilwar no A short survey of our Julian English yeare; with the definition, deviation, dimension and manner of reformation. Vilvain, Robert 1656 1230 2 0 0 0 0 0 16 C The rate of 16 defects per 10,000 words puts this text in the C category of texts with between 10 and 35 defects per 10,000 words. 2008-02 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2008-03 SPi Global Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2008-04 John Pas Sampled and proofread 2008-04 John Pas Text and markup reviewed and edited 2008-09 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion A short Survey of our JULIAN ENGLISH YEARE ; With the Definition , Deviation , Dimension , and manner of REFORMATION . Speculum Anni . A Solar yeare . Definition . Dimension . Deviation . A True year is the Suns totall race or revolution through the whole Zodiack , from any one point or degree to the same . It contains three hundred sixty five naturall dayes , five equinoctiall houres , forty nine minutes , and sixteen seconds or sections , which are the sixtieth part of a minute . Julius Caesar , Romes Dictator and Emperor , finding their Calender very faulty and variously embolized with more or lesse intercalations , at the ignorant Augurs and Priests pleasures , by advice of S●sigenes a skilfull Mathematician of Alexandria in AEgypt , constituted the year about forty four before Christs birth , to be three hundred sixty five dayes and six houres compleat , taking in ten minutes and forty four Seconds too much , which he reputed an inconsiderable Atome ; yet in one hundred thirty four years , it makes one entire day lacking one minute and forty four seconds : but in lieu of the said six hours , he added or allowed one day ( Feb. 24. when the Hebdomaticall letter is dupled ) every fourth year called Bissextile , because then are two sixth days of March Calends . This the whole Empire observed , which South-Brittain being a branch therof , hath kept unaltered to this day : so since his Institution , 1700 years ago , have resulted about thirteen dayes ; which should be substracted or taken back , to bring the times in their proper stations as they were then or at Christs birth . Gregorian Accompt . To correct this obliquity or aberration , P. Gregory 13. in the Council of Trent , A. 1582 by direction of Aloysius Lilius a learned Astronomer , struck oft ten dayes ( which should be two more as Lily advised ) regulating the reformation according to the times of the first Generall Synod at Nice , A. 325. when Sol entred Aries at the Vernal Equinox , March 21. as the Records testifie : This alteration was made Oct. 4. and the next day inscribed Oct. 15. The first Reformation is called Julian or Sesigenean , the last ( which is no new , AEra or Accompt , but a necessary Note or Animadversion on the former ) the Gregorian or Lilian : but both Romane ( one Imperial , the other Papal ) and both somewhat erroneous , as is premonstrated . This latter all Christendome ( except England ) observes , being no point of Religion , but civil computation , which some Parliaments have consulted to do ; but because ten or twelve days defalked at once , may breed much alteration in Conrracts , Bonds , and payment of Rents , they refused to alter or amend it . Manner of reforming . Howbeit an easier way will do it without the least inconvenience to any , if all Bissextil years be barred for forty four together ( when we shall meet with the Forren Accompt , which will then be eleven dayes before us , by omitting one Leap year , A. 1700. ) or fifty two to substract thirteen dayes , and be two dayes before them , which is rightest ; for what prejudice can accrue , if all years so long run equall , sans adding one day every fourth : The Tridentine Fathers decreed to forbear a Leap year at end of each Century ( as A. 1700. 1800. 1900. but none A. 2000 ) because in one hundred thirty four years results one day , which in four hundred makes about three , and this will keep it right in their cue or course for ever . The like Proviso by Act or Edict will do it here , if the State please , that no Bissextil or Leap year be kept in England for forty four years next insuing ( which will jump with them ) or fifty two ( which will fully reform ) but afterward to be held every fourth year , except at end of each hundred thirty and fourth year for ever : Or else thus , Except at end of every hundred year for three hundred years together , and at end of each four hundred year , to be kept againe as before . Some short Annotations to explain or elucidate the Premisses , which in a few points may happily seem obscure . Annotations . I. AS Creation according to our Julian English year , the Vernal Equinox ( now March 10. ) befel April 21. and the Autumnal ( now Sept. 13. ) on Oct. 25. So the Estivall Solstice ( now June 13. ) on July 23. and the Hyemal , ( now Dec. 1● . ) on Jan. 23. for the seasons in 5686. years past to this year 1656. have anticipated 42 days and ten hours from Caesars reformation twelve daies and sixteen hours ; since Christs Incarnation twelve daies and eight hours , as all Artists by exact calculation shal find true ; because in every forty five years there result eight hours compleat , and in a hundred thirty four years , one entire day , as is fore-shewed . II. From this deformity or obliquity arise two maine incongruities , 1. That the twelve last daies in every moneth since Christs time , usurp the room of the twelve first in the next ; so about 2500 years hence ( if the World shall so long last ) every one wil wholly possess the place of his next neighbour ; which is a Turkish Solaecisme in Astronomie , whose Summer moneths in very few years take up their Hybernals in the Winter rooms ; and contrarily , not caring in what seasons they celebrate their Pseudo-Festivals . 2. That our Christian Feasts are not observed in the same set seasons they should be , but twelve daies too late ; for Christ is storied to be borne on the shortest day ( as his Fore-runner John Baptist on the longest ) when Sol entred Capricorn , which befell Dec. 25. but now by anticipation of twelve daies fals on Dec. 13. so by right , Christmas day should be set where Dec. 13. stands , and Epiphany in place of it ; the like obliquity occurs in all other Festivities , which some Sects no more regard then Infidel Mahometans ; but these incongruities will easily be redressed by barring of Leap years for fifty two years . III. A conformity to the common Calender current in all Christendome , by prohibiting Leap year but 44 years wil much facilitate commerce with Forren Nations , and cut off the duple difference of Stilo veteri & novo , which makes much confusion in letters , accompts , and transactions among Merchants , to their ineffable benefit . Cur Anni errorem non corrigit Anglia notum . Cum faciant alii ; cernere nemo polest . Why England doth not th' years known error mend . When all else do ; no Man can comprehend .