The scheme of the subsequent discourse : an East-India trade is highly advantageous to the true interest of England True Englishman. 1683 Approx. 18 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 1 1-bit group-IV TIFF page image. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2009-10 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A62342 Wing S865A ESTC R8224 11902948 ocm 11902948 50620 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A62342) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 50620) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1641-1700 ; 511:7) The scheme of the subsequent discourse : an East-India trade is highly advantageous to the true interest of England True Englishman. 1 sheet (2 columns) Printed by Henry Hills ..., London : 1683. Broadside. Caption title. "By a true English-man" from colophon. Reproduction of original in Huntington Library. Created by converting TCP files to TEI P5 using tcp2tei.xsl, TEI @ Oxford. Re-processed by University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Northwestern, with changes to facilitate morpho-syntactic tagging. Gap elements of known extent have been transformed into placeholder characters or elements to simplify the filling in of gaps by user contributors. 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Copies of the texts have been issued variously as SGML (TCP schema; ASCII text with mnemonic sdata character entities); displayable XML (TCP schema; characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or text strings within braces); or lossless XML (TEI P5, characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or TEI g elements). Keying and markup guidelines are available at the Text Creation Partnership web site . eng Great Britain -- Commerce -- India. Broadsides -- England -- London -- 17th century 2008-10 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2008-12 SPi Global Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2009-01 Megan Marion Sampled and proofread 2009-01 Megan Marion Text and markup reviewed and edited 2009-02 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion The Scheme of the Subsequent DISCOURSE . An EAST-INDIA Trade is Highly Advantageous to the True Interest of ENGLAND . 1. It Occasioneth the Building and Employment of many good and great Ships , &c. 2. It Employeth a great Number of Seamen , and others ; and causeth a great Expence of Provisions , &c. 3. It Exporteth great Quantities of our own Manufactures , and Native Commodities , &c. 4. It Importeth great Quantities of Necessary Commodities for our Use , Trade , and farther Transport , &c. 5. It highly Advanceth the Publick Customs and Revenue , &c. 6. It raiseth many English Merchants ( Resident in India ) to great Wealth , which is brought home , and dispended here : And this chiefly ariseth from the Trade in India . 7. It is the Greatest and Richest Trade in the Universe ; is Coveted by all Europaean Nations ; Its Prosecution having been Eminently significant to the Grandeur , Strength , and Wealth of many Countries , as its Neglect and Loss hath been to their Poverty and Contempt . 8. If Neglected by the English , would be Engrossed by the Dutch , and thereby make their Country to be t●… greatest ( if not the sole ) Mart of Europe . 9. It rendreth our Nation Honoured and Feared among Foraigners , and may conduce to the Propagation of t●… true Christian Religion , as well of our Language , good Laws , Manners , &c. 10. The Improvement of this our Foraign Trade is very Instrumental for the Improvement of our Lands , and all great Works of Piety and Magnificence ; As also for our Instruction in all their Foraign Arts , Scienc●… and Languages . But Manageable . 1. Not by a Free and Open Trade . I. In Reference to the Natives . 1. IN those vast and various Regions are many distinct Kings and Princes , who Act by the Dictates of their own Arbitrary Will , without any fixt Laws ; are by Religion , Pagans , or Mahumetans ; and apt to Depraedate , Murder , and Destroy upon any small Offence , or pretended Fault . 2. All the Governments in India are Absolutely Monarchical ( if not Tyrannical ) and value nothing but what cometh under that Notion in a single Person , or entire Body . 3. By the Standard-Laws of all those Countries , all Strangers that flye for Protection into any of those Regions , become Slaves to that Prince to whose Protection they flye . And in case of Shipwrack , all Ships , Goods , and People are a Prey to that Prince in whose Territories they met with with that Misfortune . 4. The Indian Kings are unable to Protect us against any Invasion by their Enemies , and yet expect we should supply them with Ships , Sloops , Ammunition , &c. 5. The Monsons ( or Trade-Winds ) being only two ( against which it is dangerous , if not impossible , to Navigate ) If our Ships should by distress of Weather , be forced into any strange Port , they will run an inevitable hazard by the Treachery and Subtilty of the Natives . 6. Those Kings being Arbitrary in their Powers , exact Customs at pleasure , either Inward or Outward : To dispute which , is dangerous ; To allow , heavy . And nothing is to be done in those Parts without Presents . 7. Upon any Injury received , they take Satisfaction from the next Ship , or People of that Nation , which they meet with . 8. Those Kings frequently raise and fall the Prizes of Pepper , &c. at their pleasure ; will not be denyed to be Trusted , often force our Goods , and seldom perform Contracts . 9. The King of Bantam is a great Merchant , hath several Ships of our Building , many Seamen of our Nation ( some Fugitives to him , others forced from us ) and often Commands out of our Factories all sorts of Goods , Ammunition , Ships-tackle , and Provisions . 10. The King of Bantam being a great Merchant , supplies his own Neighbour-Ports with all Necessary Commodities from India ; private Ships can only buy Pepper with Ryals 8 / 8 ; the Companies Goods being most Sold on Trust , payable at the Monsons in Pepper . 11. That if any Affronts be given to Private Ships , by Exactions , Seizures , or Assassinates , they are unable to Revenge , but must fall a Sacrifice ; and if unrevenged , leave a Precedent of Ruine to the next commer . 12. That all Ports in those Regions are dangerous for Theft , Poyson , and Amócks ; so that there is small Security there on Shoar , by Day , without Arms ; and at Night , without Guards . 13. That if any Civil Wars , Insurrections , or other Intestine Troubles happen among the Natives there , they will prove Fatal to any Private Concernments , who are unable to Defend themselves in Port , or on Shoar ; nor can depart at their Pleasure from the Shoar , nor well out of the Land , but at the Season of the Monson . 14. In those Climates ( whether by Natural Inclinations , Irregularity of Manners , Remissness in Temperance , or frequent Temptations ) our Europaeans are too apt for loose and Debauched Practises ; which , though Committed by single Persons , yet often prove Fatal to the Concernment of that whole Nation . II. In Reference to the Dutch. 1. The Dutch being an United Body , and Acting in an United Stock , Rich , Potent , Subtle , and Envious of our Commerce , will not neglect to Instigate the Kings in India ( Clandestinely ) in time of Peace ; and ( openly ) in time of War , to seize our Persons , Ships , and Estates ; expel us their Countrey , or surrender us to the Dutch. 2. If a War with the Dutch in India , no Private Traders dare to Adventure ; if they do , they must be lost . 3. Our former Grounds of Jealousie for the Inhumanity used by the Dutch to our private Ships , may justly make us fear the like again ; the meanest of their Souldiers and Seamen being under an Oath of Secresie . 4. The Dutch will be glad to see our English Interest laid open ; whilst they ( for some Years ) would under-sell , and over-buy us , till we were discouraged , and forced to decline the Trade ; and then Oblige the Natives by general Contracts to Trade only with them . 5. The Dutch also on any pretences seek to possess themselves of all places fit for Trade ; and in their Wars with the Indians , block up their Ports , and permit no Freedom of Trade with any ; others they bind up by Articles : And yet have Peace with us in Europe . 6. The Dutch on all Occasions are very intent to foment any Divisions among the Natives , that they may be invited to the Assistance of either Party ; and then they soon give Laws to , or become Masters of both . III. In Reference to the English Interest . 1. Every Man will value his own Interest above the Publick , will strive for the first Port , and first Market ; under-sell , and over-buy ; without any care for the future . 2. They will be subject to great Fractions and Discontents ; when all their Appeals must be to the Kings , who know how ( subtilly ) to blow the Coals of such Animosities , for their own Concerns , to our Prejudice , if not Ruine . 3. Every Man will be nibling , whilst a Prospect of Profit , and so over-glut the Trade with Commodities for two or three Years , that the Prizes would grow Contemptible . But , no Profit in a short time thereby arising , the Trade for the future would soon be neglected ; and all the Forts , Factories , Priviledges , and English Interest lost . 4. It will cause a greater Export of Bullion and Coin , than in a Company ; nor can it be Controlled . 5. A Ship Laden with Europe Commodities only shall not find Vend at any one Port , from the Cape of Good Hope to Surrat ; nor from Surrat to the Bay of Bengala ; nor from the Bay of Bengala to China , or all over the South Seas ; but must hunt for a Trade from Port to Port , which hazard and tediousness will Necessitate all or most part of her Cargo to be invested in Ryals 8 / 8 and Gold. 6. If the Return-Trade be made by the West Indies , or any other Parts than England ; ( which for Advantage some will adventure to do ) it will prove very pernicious to our Nation , by the Detriment of our Customs , and perverting the Trade from the Mart of London , &c. 7. Ship-wracks , Mutinies , Combinations to Cast away Ships ( for Bodemery or Ensurance ) or to run away with Ships , must be expected ; wherein not only the Adventurers , but the Nation is Concerned . 8. The Trade not being fully Discovered , such farther Discovery will most Advantagiously be made by a Company , from their settled Factories , than by any new and private Adventures from hence . 2. Nor by a Regulated Trade . As the Turkey Company ; for this will fall under most of the Premised Difficulties , as an Open Trade . Yet also it must be Considered , 1. That the Empire of Turky is entire , under one Prince , who seldom commits any Notorious Outrage upon us , without some specious Pretence , being under the Eye of many great Christian Potentates . India is Remote , under various Princes , Laws , Religions , Languages , and Dispositions . The Turky-Trade is subjected to no Trade-Winds , is near to England , can suddenly Correspond over Land , as well as by Sea ; whither a Fleet may soon be sent , for Revenge ; having a short Voyage , and many Friendly Ports , for our Relief and Succour . 2. That Empire being under general Articles of Peace with our King , and the People more Civilized ; one Ambassador at that Court , with a Consul in each Province , may suffice for that Commerce : Their Laws being fixt , Trade free , and Customs ( generally ) certain . 3. That the Kings of India are many ( some Great , and some Small ) the Great Kings will expect Residentiary Ambassadours ( besides Consuls , &c. ) And the Small Princes , ( at least ) Consuls , or Chiefs ; which would amount to an unimaginable Charge . Nor is it unlikely , but that under so many several Ambassadors and Consuls ( unless all be Subordinate to some one Superiour Power in India ) many Fatal Discontents may arise . 4. In Persia , Indostan , and Bengala ( being more Civilized ) such a Model of Regulation may be Practicable , ( perhaps ) although it is to be feared , it would not be there long-liv'd : But as to China , Japan , and the South Seas , &c. it is wholly Impracticable without Forts , Garisons , Colonies , or Staple Factories in some convenient places . 5. That the Premises for Forts , Garisons , Ships , and People being considered , especially in time of War ( when few , or no Ships can Arrive ) it will be almost impossible to raise so great a Charge : Nor will any such Society dare to engage to secure it . 6. That the present Forts and Garisons on the Island Bombaim , and Fort St. George , and all the other Residencies and Factories , will amount to a vast Sum , which will puzzle a Regulation to raise at the first Undertaking ; and in good Conscience they ought to be paid for , to a full and satisfactory value . 7. Nor can such a Regulation make a Company more National than the present Company in their United Stock . And should our Nation Engage to assist them with a Fleet , it would be ineffectual , without some convenient Ports and Colonies , for their Security , and fresh Provisions ; which would also meet with many Difficulties , since two or three Ships could hardly Arrive together . 8. Should this Kingdom assist them with a Fleet , a Regulation could hardly contrive any Proposal to raise the Charge for its Expedition and Support . 3. Nor by a Mixt Trade . This would be Unreasonable , Absurd , and Impracticable . For Regulation in one part , and an Open Trade , or United Trade in another part . 1. No good Reason or Conscience can admit , that the sour should not go with the sweet ; That they who are Covetous for the Profit , should not bear the Burden . 2. The Fate of Sir William Courteen , and his Design , must not be forgot . 3. The different Interests would make a Schism in the English Blood in India ; and ( perhaps ) in England too ; not only to our shame , but Prejudice . 4. The whole Trade of India ( if possible ) should be only driven by one Hand , and not shared between so many Europaean Nations , which Opportunity of Grasping and Engrossing the Dutch will not omit . 4. But only by an United Company , or Joynt-Stock . 1. United Powers under good Conduct and Resolution may Attempt any thing , drive through any Design , and seldom fail in Success . 2. This being Potent in it self , keeps an awe upon all Rivals , and is able to bear up against any Misfortune by War , or Losses in Trade ; being United in Counsels , as well as Stock . 3. In this , Persons of any Quality may be Participants ; and yet the Trading Stock sufficient for other parts , not be in the least diverted from the Publick Good. 4. Since all other Europaean Nations manage this Trade in a joynt Body , it would be an unaccountable Presumption in the English , to vye with them by single Parties , or faint-hearted Squadrons . 5. This only can Answer the Bulk of that Trade . 1. By a general Commerce to all Parts at the same time , and to the full . 2. By Patience for long Voyages ; and tedious Returns . 3. By a due Management of the Trade from Port to Port in India . 4. By Engrossing the Native Commodities in India , at any time , for a general Advantage ; their Credit being always greater than their Trading Stock . 5. By Vending our own Native Commodities and Manufactures low upon Occasion ; or detaining them for a convenient Market . 6. By keeping the Indian Commodities low . 7. By Encouraging the Natives to Plant , Make , or Procure great Quantities of such Commodities as are most desirable by us . 8. By Observing a due Balance in that Trade , suitable to the Reciprocal Occasions of England and India . 6. This only can settle and maintain Fleets , Forts , Garisons , Colonies , Factories , Wars , Embassies , &c. 7. This only is most proper for the making farther Discoveries into Magellanica , &c. 8. This only can hope for a future Trade into Zeilon , China , Japon , the Philippinae , Molucco , and Banda Islands . 9. This only can make London the General Mart of Europe . 10. This only can make London the greatest Exchequer of Europe . 11. This only can be Instrumental for the Propagation of our Christian Religion ; for our Instruction in their Languages and Arts , and the Improvement of our own Knowledge . 12. This only can secure our Honour , Persons , and Estates in India , and to England ! and upon any Occasion add a Formidable Power to our Royal Navy . But to add Perfection to such United Stock or Company , whereby to Answer all the Interests of the Nation , it ought to be Ratified by Royal Charters and Acts of Parliament ; and so to be made National and Perpetual . National . 1. By Confirming the present Company under Necessary Regulations : A Dissolution in this , before a New Stock settled , or any intermission in the Trade , will prove Fatal . 2. Or by a New Stock , and Addition of New Subscriptions , the present Company being fully paid and satisfied for all their Charge , Endeavours , Pains , and long Expences ; with the Publick Thanks of the Nation . The Arguments and Instances in each Article being duly Considered , and the resulting Objection Answered ; The Truth of their Assertions will be Satisfactorily proved to any Unbyassed and Impartial Judgment . By a True English-man . 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 . 1683. London , Printed by Henry Hills , in Black-Fryers .