id sid tid token lemma pos 30803 1 1 TYPOGRAPHIC typographic NN 30803 1 2 TECHNICAL technical NN 30803 1 3 SERIES serie NNS 30803 1 4 FOR for IN 30803 1 5 APPRENTICES apprentice NNS 30803 1 6 -- -- : 30803 1 7 PART part JJ 30803 1 8 VIII viii NN 30803 1 9 -- -- : 30803 1 10 NO no UH 30803 1 11 . . . 30803 2 1 49 49 CD 30803 2 2 BOOKS book NNS 30803 2 3 BEFORE before IN 30803 2 4 TYPOGRAPHY TYPOGRAPHY NNP 30803 2 5 A a DT 30803 2 6 PRIMER PRIMER NNP 30803 2 7 _ _ NNP 30803 2 8 of of IN 30803 2 9 _ _ NNP 30803 2 10 INFORMATION INFORMATION NNP 30803 2 11 ABOUT about IN 30803 2 12 THE the DT 30803 2 13 INVENTION INVENTION NNP 30803 2 14 OF of IN 30803 2 15 THE the DT 30803 2 16 ALPHABET ALPHABET NNP 30803 2 17 AND and CC 30803 2 18 THE the DT 30803 2 19 HISTORY history NN 30803 2 20 OF of IN 30803 2 21 BOOK BOOK NNP 30803 2 22 - - : 30803 2 23 MAKING make VBG 30803 2 24 UP up RP 30803 2 25 TO to IN 30803 2 26 THE the DT 30803 2 27 INVENTION INVENTION NNP 30803 2 28 OF of IN 30803 2 29 MOVABLE movable NN 30803 2 30 TYPES types NN 30803 2 31 BY by IN 30803 2 32 FREDERICK FREDERICK NNP 30803 2 33 W. W. NNP 30803 2 34 HAMILTON HAMILTON NNP 30803 2 35 , , , 30803 2 36 LL.D. LL.D. NNP 30803 3 1 EDUCATIONAL EDUCATIONAL NNP 30803 3 2 DIRECTOR director NN 30803 3 3 UNITED united NN 30803 3 4 TYPOTHETÆ typothetæ NN 30803 3 5 OF of IN 30803 3 6 AMERICA america JJ 30803 3 7 PUBLISHED publish VBN 30803 3 8 BY by IN 30803 3 9 THE the DT 30803 3 10 COMMITTEE COMMITTEE NNP 30803 3 11 ON on IN 30803 3 12 EDUCATION EDUCATION NNP 30803 3 13 UNITED UNITED NNP 30803 3 14 TYPOTHETAE TYPOTHETAE NNP 30803 3 15 OF of IN 30803 3 16 AMERICA AMERICA NNP 30803 3 17 1918 1918 CD 30803 3 18 COPYRIGHT COPYRIGHT NNP 30803 3 19 , , , 30803 3 20 1918 1918 CD 30803 3 21 UNITED UNITED NNP 30803 3 22 TYPOTHETAE TYPOTHETAE NNP 30803 3 23 OF of IN 30803 3 24 AMERICA AMERICA NNP 30803 3 25 CHICAGO CHICAGO NNP 30803 3 26 , , , 30803 3 27 ILL ILL NNP 30803 3 28 . . . 30803 4 1 PREFACE PREFACE NNP 30803 4 2 An an DT 30803 4 3 attempt attempt NN 30803 4 4 has have VBZ 30803 4 5 been be VBN 30803 4 6 made make VBN 30803 4 7 in in IN 30803 4 8 this this DT 30803 4 9 book book NN 30803 4 10 to to TO 30803 4 11 trace trace VB 30803 4 12 briefly briefly RB 30803 4 13 the the DT 30803 4 14 story story NN 30803 4 15 of of IN 30803 4 16 the the DT 30803 4 17 book book NN 30803 4 18 from from IN 30803 4 19 the the DT 30803 4 20 earliest early JJS 30803 4 21 attempts attempt NNS 30803 4 22 made make VBN 30803 4 23 by by IN 30803 4 24 mankind mankind NN 30803 4 25 to to TO 30803 4 26 convey convey VB 30803 4 27 a a DT 30803 4 28 message message NN 30803 4 29 by by IN 30803 4 30 marks mark NNS 30803 4 31 on on IN 30803 4 32 some some DT 30803 4 33 substance substance NN 30803 4 34 down down RP 30803 4 35 to to IN 30803 4 36 the the DT 30803 4 37 invention invention NN 30803 4 38 of of IN 30803 4 39 movable movable JJ 30803 4 40 types type NNS 30803 4 41 . . . 30803 5 1 The the DT 30803 5 2 development development NN 30803 5 3 of of IN 30803 5 4 writing writing NN 30803 5 5 is be VBZ 30803 5 6 rapidly rapidly RB 30803 5 7 traced trace VBN 30803 5 8 from from IN 30803 5 9 the the DT 30803 5 10 earliest early JJS 30803 5 11 known know VBN 30803 5 12 pictures picture NNS 30803 5 13 and and CC 30803 5 14 sign sign VB 30803 5 15 marks mark NNS 30803 5 16 to to IN 30803 5 17 the the DT 30803 5 18 present present JJ 30803 5 19 day day NN 30803 5 20 . . . 30803 6 1 The the DT 30803 6 2 discussion discussion NN 30803 6 3 covers cover VBZ 30803 6 4 the the DT 30803 6 5 subjects subject NNS 30803 6 6 of of IN 30803 6 7 writing write VBG 30803 6 8 materials material NNS 30803 6 9 and and CC 30803 6 10 how how WRB 30803 6 11 they -PRON- PRP 30803 6 12 were be VBD 30803 6 13 made make VBN 30803 6 14 ; ; : 30803 6 15 the the DT 30803 6 16 evolution evolution NN 30803 6 17 of of IN 30803 6 18 the the DT 30803 6 19 book book NN 30803 6 20 ; ; : 30803 6 21 the the DT 30803 6 22 conditions condition NNS 30803 6 23 of of IN 30803 6 24 manufacture manufacture NN 30803 6 25 , , , 30803 6 26 distribution distribution NN 30803 6 27 , , , 30803 6 28 and and CC 30803 6 29 preservation preservation NN 30803 6 30 of of IN 30803 6 31 books book NNS 30803 6 32 before before IN 30803 6 33 printing print VBG 30803 6 34 , , , 30803 6 35 and and CC 30803 6 36 the the DT 30803 6 37 conditions condition NNS 30803 6 38 out out IN 30803 6 39 of of IN 30803 6 40 which which WDT 30803 6 41 sprang spring VBD 30803 6 42 the the DT 30803 6 43 invention invention NN 30803 6 44 of of IN 30803 6 45 typographic typographic JJ 30803 6 46 printing printing NN 30803 6 47 . . . 30803 7 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 7 2 is be VBZ 30803 7 3 believed believe VBN 30803 7 4 that that IN 30803 7 5 a a DT 30803 7 6 comprehensive comprehensive JJ 30803 7 7 knowledge knowledge NN 30803 7 8 of of IN 30803 7 9 the the DT 30803 7 10 main main JJ 30803 7 11 facts fact NNS 30803 7 12 in in IN 30803 7 13 this this DT 30803 7 14 long long JJ 30803 7 15 story story NN 30803 7 16 will will MD 30803 7 17 be be VB 30803 7 18 of of IN 30803 7 19 great great JJ 30803 7 20 value value NN 30803 7 21 to to IN 30803 7 22 the the DT 30803 7 23 young young JJ 30803 7 24 printer printer NN 30803 7 25 , , , 30803 7 26 and and CC 30803 7 27 it -PRON- PRP 30803 7 28 is be VBZ 30803 7 29 hoped hope VBN 30803 7 30 that that IN 30803 7 31 he -PRON- PRP 30803 7 32 may may MD 30803 7 33 be be VB 30803 7 34 interested interested JJ 30803 7 35 to to TO 30803 7 36 continue continue VB 30803 7 37 the the DT 30803 7 38 study study NN 30803 7 39 in in IN 30803 7 40 some some DT 30803 7 41 of of IN 30803 7 42 the the DT 30803 7 43 many many JJ 30803 7 44 very very RB 30803 7 45 excellent excellent JJ 30803 7 46 books book NNS 30803 7 47 which which WDT 30803 7 48 are be VBP 30803 7 49 available available JJ 30803 7 50 . . . 30803 8 1 A a DT 30803 8 2 short short JJ 30803 8 3 list list NN 30803 8 4 of of IN 30803 8 5 a a DT 30803 8 6 few few JJ 30803 8 7 of of IN 30803 8 8 the the DT 30803 8 9 best good JJS 30803 8 10 and and CC 30803 8 11 most most RBS 30803 8 12 accessible accessible JJ 30803 8 13 authorities authority NNS 30803 8 14 in in IN 30803 8 15 English English NNP 30803 8 16 will will MD 30803 8 17 be be VB 30803 8 18 found find VBN 30803 8 19 on on IN 30803 8 20 page page NN 30803 8 21 44 44 CD 30803 8 22 . . . 30803 9 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 9 2 has have VBZ 30803 9 3 not not RB 30803 9 4 been be VBN 30803 9 5 thought think VBN 30803 9 6 worth worth JJ 30803 9 7 while while IN 30803 9 8 to to TO 30803 9 9 refer refer VB 30803 9 10 to to IN 30803 9 11 books book NNS 30803 9 12 in in IN 30803 9 13 other other JJ 30803 9 14 languages language NNS 30803 9 15 . . . 30803 10 1 The the DT 30803 10 2 story story NN 30803 10 3 of of IN 30803 10 4 the the DT 30803 10 5 efforts effort NNS 30803 10 6 of of IN 30803 10 7 men man NNS 30803 10 8 to to TO 30803 10 9 convey convey VB 30803 10 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 10 11 thoughts thought NNS 30803 10 12 to to IN 30803 10 13 the the DT 30803 10 14 absent absent NN 30803 10 15 is be VBZ 30803 10 16 one one CD 30803 10 17 of of IN 30803 10 18 absorbing absorb VBG 30803 10 19 interest interest NN 30803 10 20 and and CC 30803 10 21 leads lead VBZ 30803 10 22 into into IN 30803 10 23 many many JJ 30803 10 24 pleasant pleasant JJ 30803 10 25 byways byway NNS 30803 10 26 of of IN 30803 10 27 knowledge knowledge NN 30803 10 28 . . . 30803 11 1 While while IN 30803 11 2 we -PRON- PRP 30803 11 3 are be VBP 30803 11 4 studying study VBG 30803 11 5 the the DT 30803 11 6 processes process NNS 30803 11 7 and and CC 30803 11 8 materials material NNS 30803 11 9 of of IN 30803 11 10 a a DT 30803 11 11 trade trade NN 30803 11 12 by by IN 30803 11 13 which which WDT 30803 11 14 we -PRON- PRP 30803 11 15 hope hope VBP 30803 11 16 to to TO 30803 11 17 gain gain VB 30803 11 18 a a DT 30803 11 19 livelihood livelihood NN 30803 11 20 it -PRON- PRP 30803 11 21 is be VBZ 30803 11 22 well well JJ 30803 11 23 to to TO 30803 11 24 know know VB 30803 11 25 something something NN 30803 11 26 about about IN 30803 11 27 the the DT 30803 11 28 men man NNS 30803 11 29 of of IN 30803 11 30 the the DT 30803 11 31 past past NN 30803 11 32 whose whose WP$ 30803 11 33 accomplishments accomplishment NNS 30803 11 34 we -PRON- PRP 30803 11 35 inherit inherit VBP 30803 11 36 . . . 30803 12 1 To to TO 30803 12 2 know know VB 30803 12 3 something something NN 30803 12 4 about about IN 30803 12 5 the the DT 30803 12 6 men man NNS 30803 12 7 of of IN 30803 12 8 another another DT 30803 12 9 time time NN 30803 12 10 who who WP 30803 12 11 made make VBD 30803 12 12 this this DT 30803 12 13 time time NN 30803 12 14 possible possible JJ 30803 12 15 , , , 30803 12 16 what what WP 30803 12 17 they -PRON- PRP 30803 12 18 did do VBD 30803 12 19 , , , 30803 12 20 what what WDT 30803 12 21 manner manner NN 30803 12 22 of of IN 30803 12 23 men man NNS 30803 12 24 they -PRON- PRP 30803 12 25 were be VBD 30803 12 26 , , , 30803 12 27 how how WRB 30803 12 28 they -PRON- PRP 30803 12 29 lived live VBD 30803 12 30 , , , 30803 12 31 and and CC 30803 12 32 what what WP 30803 12 33 they -PRON- PRP 30803 12 34 created create VBD 30803 12 35 for for IN 30803 12 36 us -PRON- PRP 30803 12 37 , , , 30803 12 38 is be VBZ 30803 12 39 the the DT 30803 12 40 task task NN 30803 12 41 of of IN 30803 12 42 this this DT 30803 12 43 and and CC 30803 12 44 the the DT 30803 12 45 following follow VBG 30803 12 46 volumes volume NNS 30803 12 47 in in IN 30803 12 48 Part Part NNP 30803 12 49 VIII viii NN 30803 12 50 of of IN 30803 12 51 this this DT 30803 12 52 series series NN 30803 12 53 . . . 30803 13 1 CONTENTS content NNS 30803 13 2 PAGE PAGE NNP 30803 13 3 CHAPTER chapter NN 30803 13 4 I -PRON- PRP 30803 13 5 THE the DT 30803 13 6 ORIGIN ORIGIN NNS 30803 13 7 OF of IN 30803 13 8 THE the DT 30803 13 9 ALPHABET ALPHABET NNP 30803 13 10 1 1 CD 30803 13 11 CHAPTER chapter NN 30803 13 12 II ii CD 30803 13 13 WRITING writing NN 30803 13 14 MATERIALS material NNS 30803 13 15 9 9 CD 30803 13 16 CHAPTER chapter NN 30803 13 17 III III NNP 30803 13 18 THE the DT 30803 13 19 EVOLUTION evolution NN 30803 13 20 OF of IN 30803 13 21 THE the DT 30803 13 22 BOOK BOOK NNP 30803 13 23 15 15 CD 30803 13 24 CHAPTER chapter NN 30803 13 25 IV IV NNP 30803 13 26 MAKING make VBG 30803 13 27 THE the DT 30803 13 28 MANUSCRIPTS MANUSCRIPTS NNP 30803 13 29 20 20 CD 30803 13 30 CHAPTER chapter NN 30803 13 31 V V NNP 30803 13 32 ANCIENT ancient NN 30803 13 33 AND and CC 30803 13 34 MEDIÆVAL MEDIÆVAL NNP 30803 13 35 LIBRARIES librarie VBD 30803 13 36 27 27 CD 30803 13 37 CHAPTER chapter NN 30803 13 38 VI VI NNP 30803 13 39 THE the DT 30803 13 40 DAWN DAWN NNS 30803 13 41 OF of IN 30803 13 42 A a DT 30803 13 43 NEW new JJ 30803 13 44 ERA era NN 30803 13 45 37 37 CD 30803 13 46 BOOKS books NN 30803 13 47 BEFORE before IN 30803 13 48 TYPOGRAPHY TYPOGRAPHY NNP 30803 13 49 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 30803 13 50 I -PRON- PRP 30803 13 51 _ _ VBP 30803 13 52 The the DT 30803 13 53 Origin Origin NNP 30803 13 54 of of IN 30803 13 55 the the DT 30803 13 56 Alphabet Alphabet NNP 30803 13 57 _ _ NNP 30803 13 58 The the DT 30803 13 59 story story NN 30803 13 60 of of IN 30803 13 61 printing printing NN 30803 13 62 really really RB 30803 13 63 begins begin VBZ 30803 13 64 with with IN 30803 13 65 the the DT 30803 13 66 earliest early JJS 30803 13 67 dawn dawn NN 30803 13 68 of of IN 30803 13 69 civilization civilization NN 30803 13 70 . . . 30803 14 1 As as RB 30803 14 2 soon soon RB 30803 14 3 as as IN 30803 14 4 men man NNS 30803 14 5 developed develop VBD 30803 14 6 a a DT 30803 14 7 language language NN 30803 14 8 , , , 30803 14 9 even even RB 30803 14 10 of of IN 30803 14 11 the the DT 30803 14 12 simplest simple JJS 30803 14 13 sort sort NN 30803 14 14 , , , 30803 14 15 they -PRON- PRP 30803 14 16 felt feel VBD 30803 14 17 the the DT 30803 14 18 necessity necessity NN 30803 14 19 of of IN 30803 14 20 a a DT 30803 14 21 means means NN 30803 14 22 of of IN 30803 14 23 communication communication NN 30803 14 24 with with IN 30803 14 25 those those DT 30803 14 26 who who WP 30803 14 27 were be VBD 30803 14 28 not not RB 30803 14 29 present present JJ 30803 14 30 . . . 30803 15 1 This this DT 30803 15 2 would would MD 30803 15 3 be be VB 30803 15 4 needed need VBN 30803 15 5 for for IN 30803 15 6 the the DT 30803 15 7 identification identification NN 30803 15 8 of of IN 30803 15 9 property property NN 30803 15 10 , , , 30803 15 11 the the DT 30803 15 12 making making NN 30803 15 13 of of IN 30803 15 14 records record NNS 30803 15 15 , , , 30803 15 16 the the DT 30803 15 17 sending sending NN 30803 15 18 of of IN 30803 15 19 orders order NNS 30803 15 20 or or CC 30803 15 21 information information NN 30803 15 22 , , , 30803 15 23 the the DT 30803 15 24 making making NN 30803 15 25 of of IN 30803 15 26 appointments appointment NNS 30803 15 27 , , , 30803 15 28 and and CC 30803 15 29 many many JJ 30803 15 30 other other JJ 30803 15 31 purposes purpose NNS 30803 15 32 which which WDT 30803 15 33 would would MD 30803 15 34 be be VB 30803 15 35 developed develop VBN 30803 15 36 by by IN 30803 15 37 the the DT 30803 15 38 needs need NNS 30803 15 39 of of IN 30803 15 40 even even RB 30803 15 41 the the DT 30803 15 42 most most JJS 30803 15 43 rudimentary rudimentary JJ 30803 15 44 civilization civilization NN 30803 15 45 . . . 30803 16 1 We -PRON- PRP 30803 16 2 accordingly accordingly RB 30803 16 3 find find VBP 30803 16 4 evidences evidence NNS 30803 16 5 of of IN 30803 16 6 devices device NNS 30803 16 7 to to TO 30803 16 8 accomplish accomplish VB 30803 16 9 these these DT 30803 16 10 ends end NNS 30803 16 11 associated associate VBN 30803 16 12 with with IN 30803 16 13 the the DT 30803 16 14 earliest early JJS 30803 16 15 human human JJ 30803 16 16 remains remain NNS 30803 16 17 . . . 30803 17 1 While while IN 30803 17 2 the the DT 30803 17 3 cave cave NN 30803 17 4 man man NN 30803 17 5 was be VBD 30803 17 6 disputing dispute VBG 30803 17 7 food food NN 30803 17 8 and and CC 30803 17 9 shelter shelter NN 30803 17 10 with with IN 30803 17 11 the the DT 30803 17 12 cave cave NN 30803 17 13 bear bear NN 30803 17 14 , , , 30803 17 15 the the DT 30803 17 16 sabre sabre NNP 30803 17 17 - - HYPH 30803 17 18 tooth tooth NNP 30803 17 19 tiger tiger NNP 30803 17 20 , , , 30803 17 21 and and CC 30803 17 22 the the DT 30803 17 23 mammoth mammoth NN 30803 17 24 in in IN 30803 17 25 those those DT 30803 17 26 places place NNS 30803 17 27 which which WDT 30803 17 28 are be VBP 30803 17 29 now now RB 30803 17 30 the the DT 30803 17 31 seats seat NNS 30803 17 32 of of IN 30803 17 33 the the DT 30803 17 34 most most RBS 30803 17 35 advanced advanced JJ 30803 17 36 civilizations civilization NNS 30803 17 37 , , , 30803 17 38 he -PRON- PRP 30803 17 39 scratched scratch VBD 30803 17 40 or or CC 30803 17 41 painted paint VBN 30803 17 42 outline outline NN 30803 17 43 sketches sketch NNS 30803 17 44 of of IN 30803 17 45 the the DT 30803 17 46 animals animal NNS 30803 17 47 he -PRON- PRP 30803 17 48 fought fight VBD 30803 17 49 , , , 30803 17 50 and and CC 30803 17 51 perhaps perhaps RB 30803 17 52 worshipped worship VBN 30803 17 53 , , , 30803 17 54 on on IN 30803 17 55 the the DT 30803 17 56 wall wall NN 30803 17 57 of of IN 30803 17 58 a a DT 30803 17 59 cave cave NN 30803 17 60 or or CC 30803 17 61 on on IN 30803 17 62 the the DT 30803 17 63 flat flat JJ 30803 17 64 surface surface NN 30803 17 65 of of IN 30803 17 66 a a DT 30803 17 67 spreading spread VBG 30803 17 68 antler antler NN 30803 17 69 or or CC 30803 17 70 a a DT 30803 17 71 piece piece NN 30803 17 72 of of IN 30803 17 73 bone bone NN 30803 17 74 . . . 30803 18 1 [ [ -LRB- 30803 18 2 Illustration illustration NN 30803 18 3 : : : 30803 18 4 The the DT 30803 18 5 oldest oldest RBS 30803 18 6 known known JJ 30803 18 7 attempt attempt NN 30803 18 8 to to TO 30803 18 9 carve carve VB 30803 18 10 a a DT 30803 18 11 picture picture NN 30803 18 12 . . . 30803 19 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 19 2 dates date VBZ 30803 19 3 from from IN 30803 19 4 the the DT 30803 19 5 cave cave NN 30803 19 6 period period NN 30803 19 7 and and CC 30803 19 8 was be VBD 30803 19 9 found find VBN 30803 19 10 at at IN 30803 19 11 Dordogne Dordogne NNP 30803 19 12 , , , 30803 19 13 France France NNP 30803 19 14 . . . 30803 19 15 ] ] -RRB- 30803 20 1 One one CD 30803 20 2 of of IN 30803 20 3 the the DT 30803 20 4 greatest great JJS 30803 20 5 single single JJ 30803 20 6 steps step NNS 30803 20 7 in in IN 30803 20 8 civilization civilization NN 30803 20 9 was be VBD 30803 20 10 the the DT 30803 20 11 advance advance NN 30803 20 12 from from IN 30803 20 13 the the DT 30803 20 14 use use NN 30803 20 15 of of IN 30803 20 16 rough rough JJ 30803 20 17 stone stone NN 30803 20 18 implements implement NNS 30803 20 19 and and CC 30803 20 20 weapons weapon NNS 30803 20 21 to to IN 30803 20 22 the the DT 30803 20 23 use use NN 30803 20 24 of of IN 30803 20 25 chipped chip VBN 30803 20 26 and and CC 30803 20 27 finished finish VBD 30803 20 28 stones stone NNS 30803 20 29 for for IN 30803 20 30 the the DT 30803 20 31 same same JJ 30803 20 32 purpose purpose NN 30803 20 33 , , , 30803 20 34 commonly commonly RB 30803 20 35 referred refer VBN 30803 20 36 to to IN 30803 20 37 as as IN 30803 20 38 the the DT 30803 20 39 transition transition NN 30803 20 40 from from IN 30803 20 41 the the DT 30803 20 42 paleolithic paleolithic NN 30803 20 43 to to IN 30803 20 44 the the DT 30803 20 45 neolithic neolithic JJ 30803 20 46 age age NN 30803 20 47 . . . 30803 21 1 Just just RB 30803 21 2 how how WRB 30803 21 3 long long RB 30803 21 4 ago ago RB 30803 21 5 that that DT 30803 21 6 was be VBD 30803 21 7 no no DT 30803 21 8 one one NN 30803 21 9 knows know VBZ 30803 21 10 and and CC 30803 21 11 only only JJ 30803 21 12 geologists geologist NNS 30803 21 13 can can MD 30803 21 14 guess guess VB 30803 21 15 . . . 30803 22 1 Among among IN 30803 22 2 remains remain NNS 30803 22 3 dating date VBG 30803 22 4 from from IN 30803 22 5 this this DT 30803 22 6 period period NN 30803 22 7 of of IN 30803 22 8 transition transition NN 30803 22 9 found find VBN 30803 22 10 in in IN 30803 22 11 the the DT 30803 22 12 little little JJ 30803 22 13 village village NN 30803 22 14 of of IN 30803 22 15 Mas Mas NNP 30803 22 16 d'Azil d'Azil NNP 30803 22 17 in in IN 30803 22 18 France France NNP 30803 22 19 , , , 30803 22 20 there there EX 30803 22 21 have have VBP 30803 22 22 been be VBN 30803 22 23 discovered discover VBN 30803 22 24 a a DT 30803 22 25 number number NN 30803 22 26 of of IN 30803 22 27 painted paint VBN 30803 22 28 pebbles pebble NNS 30803 22 29 . . . 30803 23 1 Whether whether IN 30803 23 2 these these DT 30803 23 3 were be VBD 30803 23 4 game game NN 30803 23 5 counters counter NNS 30803 23 6 , , , 30803 23 7 ownership ownership NN 30803 23 8 tags tag NNS 30803 23 9 , , , 30803 23 10 records record NNS 30803 23 11 , , , 30803 23 12 or or CC 30803 23 13 what what WP 30803 23 14 not not RB 30803 23 15 , , , 30803 23 16 no no DT 30803 23 17 one one NN 30803 23 18 can can MD 30803 23 19 guess guess VB 30803 23 20 . . . 30803 24 1 Whether whether IN 30803 24 2 the the DT 30803 24 3 marks mark NNS 30803 24 4 on on IN 30803 24 5 them -PRON- PRP 30803 24 6 were be VBD 30803 24 7 purely purely RB 30803 24 8 mnemonic mnemonic JJ 30803 24 9 signs sign NNS 30803 24 10 , , , 30803 24 11 numerals numeral NNS 30803 24 12 , , , 30803 24 13 or or CC 30803 24 14 verbal verbal JJ 30803 24 15 signs sign NNS 30803 24 16 of of IN 30803 24 17 some some DT 30803 24 18 sort sort NN 30803 24 19 , , , 30803 24 20 no no DT 30803 24 21 one one NN 30803 24 22 knows know VBZ 30803 24 23 . . . 30803 25 1 That that IN 30803 25 2 they -PRON- PRP 30803 25 3 were be VBD 30803 25 4 in in IN 30803 25 5 some some DT 30803 25 6 way way NN 30803 25 7 , , , 30803 25 8 however however RB 30803 25 9 , , , 30803 25 10 the the DT 30803 25 11 ancestors ancestor NNS 30803 25 12 of of IN 30803 25 13 modern modern JJ 30803 25 14 printed print VBN 30803 25 15 matter matter NN 30803 25 16 is be VBZ 30803 25 17 unquestionable unquestionable JJ 30803 25 18 . . . 30803 26 1 [ [ -LRB- 30803 26 2 Illustration illustration NN 30803 26 3 : : : 30803 26 4 Pebbles pebble NNS 30803 26 5 from from IN 30803 26 6 Mas Mas NNP 30803 26 7 d'Azil d'Azil NNP 30803 26 8 . . . 30803 26 9 ] ] -RRB- 30803 27 1 Among among IN 30803 27 2 the the DT 30803 27 3 earliest early JJS 30803 27 4 methods method NNS 30803 27 5 of of IN 30803 27 6 communicating communicate VBG 30803 27 7 ideas idea NNS 30803 27 8 to to IN 30803 27 9 the the DT 30803 27 10 absent absent JJ 30803 27 11 , , , 30803 27 12 pictures picture NNS 30803 27 13 hold hold VBP 30803 27 14 the the DT 30803 27 15 largest large JJS 30803 27 16 place place NN 30803 27 17 . . . 30803 28 1 Other other JJ 30803 28 2 methods method NNS 30803 28 3 were be VBD 30803 28 4 knots knot NNS 30803 28 5 , , , 30803 28 6 ordinarily ordinarily RB 30803 28 7 known know VBN 30803 28 8 by by IN 30803 28 9 the the DT 30803 28 10 name name NN 30803 28 11 _ _ NNP 30803 28 12 quipus quipus NNP 30803 28 13 _ _ NNP 30803 28 14 which which WDT 30803 28 15 they -PRON- PRP 30803 28 16 bear bear VBP 30803 28 17 among among IN 30803 28 18 the the DT 30803 28 19 ancient ancient JJ 30803 28 20 Peruvians Peruvians NNPS 30803 28 21 . . . 30803 29 1 The the DT 30803 29 2 number number NN 30803 29 3 and and CC 30803 29 4 arrangements arrangement NNS 30803 29 5 of of IN 30803 29 6 the the DT 30803 29 7 knots knot NNS 30803 29 8 and and CC 30803 29 9 the the DT 30803 29 10 color color NN 30803 29 11 of of IN 30803 29 12 the the DT 30803 29 13 cords cord NNS 30803 29 14 made make VBD 30803 29 15 possible possible JJ 30803 29 16 a a DT 30803 29 17 considerable considerable JJ 30803 29 18 range range NN 30803 29 19 of of IN 30803 29 20 expression expression NN 30803 29 21 . . . 30803 30 1 Closely closely RB 30803 30 2 associated associate VBN 30803 30 3 with with IN 30803 30 4 these these DT 30803 30 5 were be VBD 30803 30 6 tallies tally NNS 30803 30 7 , , , 30803 30 8 or or CC 30803 30 9 notched notched JJ 30803 30 10 sticks stick NNS 30803 30 11 , , , 30803 30 12 and and CC 30803 30 13 wampum wampum JJ 30803 30 14 , , , 30803 30 15 or or CC 30803 30 16 strings string NNS 30803 30 17 of of IN 30803 30 18 colored color VBN 30803 30 19 shells shell NNS 30803 30 20 or or CC 30803 30 21 beads bead NNS 30803 30 22 arranged arrange VBN 30803 30 23 in in IN 30803 30 24 various various JJ 30803 30 25 designs design NNS 30803 30 26 . . . 30803 31 1 Here here RB 30803 31 2 perhaps perhaps RB 30803 31 3 may may MD 30803 31 4 also also RB 30803 31 5 be be VB 30803 31 6 classed class VBN 30803 31 7 the the DT 30803 31 8 so so RB 30803 31 9 - - HYPH 30803 31 10 called call VBN 30803 31 11 Ogham Ogham NNP 30803 31 12 inscriptions inscription NNS 30803 31 13 , , , 30803 31 14 made make VBN 30803 31 15 by by IN 30803 31 16 arrangements arrangement NNS 30803 31 17 of of IN 30803 31 18 short short JJ 30803 31 19 lines line NNS 30803 31 20 in in IN 30803 31 21 groups group NNS 30803 31 22 about about IN 30803 31 23 a a DT 30803 31 24 long long JJ 30803 31 25 central central JJ 30803 31 26 line line NN 30803 31 27 . . . 30803 32 1 The the DT 30803 32 2 short short JJ 30803 32 3 lines line NNS 30803 32 4 may may MD 30803 32 5 be be VB 30803 32 6 either either CC 30803 32 7 perpendicular perpendicular JJ 30803 32 8 to to IN 30803 32 9 the the DT 30803 32 10 central central JJ 30803 32 11 line line NN 30803 32 12 or or CC 30803 32 13 at at IN 30803 32 14 an an DT 30803 32 15 angle angle NN 30803 32 16 to to IN 30803 32 17 it -PRON- PRP 30803 32 18 . . . 30803 33 1 They -PRON- PRP 30803 33 2 may may MD 30803 33 3 be be VB 30803 33 4 above above IN 30803 33 5 it -PRON- PRP 30803 33 6 , , , 30803 33 7 below below IN 30803 33 8 it -PRON- PRP 30803 33 9 , , , 30803 33 10 or or CC 30803 33 11 across across IN 30803 33 12 it -PRON- PRP 30803 33 13 , , , 30803 33 14 thus thus RB 30803 33 15 providing provide VBG 30803 33 16 a a DT 30803 33 17 wide wide JJ 30803 33 18 range range NN 30803 33 19 of of IN 30803 33 20 combinations combination NNS 30803 33 21 with with IN 30803 33 22 a a DT 30803 33 23 corresponding corresponding JJ 30803 33 24 variety variety NN 30803 33 25 of of IN 30803 33 26 expression expression NN 30803 33 27 . . . 30803 34 1 These these DT 30803 34 2 primitive primitive JJ 30803 34 3 methods method NNS 30803 34 4 survive survive VBP 30803 34 5 in in IN 30803 34 6 the the DT 30803 34 7 rosary rosary NN 30803 34 8 , , , 30803 34 9 the the DT 30803 34 10 sailor sailor NN 30803 34 11 's 's POS 30803 34 12 log log NN 30803 34 13 line line NN 30803 34 14 with with IN 30803 34 15 its -PRON- PRP$ 30803 34 16 knots knot NNS 30803 34 17 or or CC 30803 34 18 the the DT 30803 34 19 knotted knotted JJ 30803 34 20 handkerchief handkerchief NN 30803 34 21 which which WDT 30803 34 22 serves serve VBZ 30803 34 23 as as IN 30803 34 24 a a DT 30803 34 25 simple simple JJ 30803 34 26 memorandum memorandum NN 30803 34 27 . . . 30803 35 1 They -PRON- PRP 30803 35 2 may may MD 30803 35 3 run run VB 30803 35 4 all all PDT 30803 35 5 the the DT 30803 35 6 way way NN 30803 35 7 from from IN 30803 35 8 purely purely RB 30803 35 9 mnemonic mnemonic JJ 30803 35 10 signs sign NNS 30803 35 11 to to IN 30803 35 12 a a DT 30803 35 13 fairly fairly RB 30803 35 14 well well RB 30803 35 15 developed developed JJ 30803 35 16 alphabet alphabet NN 30803 35 17 . . . 30803 36 1 More more RBR 30803 36 2 important important JJ 30803 36 3 in in IN 30803 36 4 its -PRON- PRP$ 30803 36 5 development development NN 30803 36 6 , , , 30803 36 7 however however RB 30803 36 8 , , , 30803 36 9 was be VBD 30803 36 10 the the DT 30803 36 11 picture picture NN 30803 36 12 . . . 30803 37 1 Primitive primitive JJ 30803 37 2 men man NNS 30803 37 3 all all RB 30803 37 4 over over IN 30803 37 5 the the DT 30803 37 6 world world NN 30803 37 7 very very RB 30803 37 8 soon soon RB 30803 37 9 learned learn VBD 30803 37 10 to to TO 30803 37 11 make make VB 30803 37 12 pictures picture NNS 30803 37 13 , , , 30803 37 14 very very RB 30803 37 15 crude crude JJ 30803 37 16 and and CC 30803 37 17 simple simple JJ 30803 37 18 to to TO 30803 37 19 be be VB 30803 37 20 sure sure JJ 30803 37 21 , , , 30803 37 22 but but CC 30803 37 23 indicating indicate VBG 30803 37 24 fairly fairly RB 30803 37 25 well well RB 30803 37 26 what what WP 30803 37 27 they -PRON- PRP 30803 37 28 stand stand VBP 30803 37 29 for for IN 30803 37 30 . . . 30803 38 1 These these DT 30803 38 2 pictures picture NNS 30803 38 3 may may MD 30803 38 4 be be VB 30803 38 5 so so RB 30803 38 6 arranged arrange VBN 30803 38 7 and and CC 30803 38 8 conventionalized conventionalize VBD 30803 38 9 as as IN 30803 38 10 to to TO 30803 38 11 convey convey VB 30803 38 12 a a DT 30803 38 13 good good JJ 30803 38 14 deal deal NN 30803 38 15 of of IN 30803 38 16 information information NN 30803 38 17 . . . 30803 39 1 The the DT 30803 39 2 position position NN 30803 39 3 of of IN 30803 39 4 a a DT 30803 39 5 human human JJ 30803 39 6 figure figure NN 30803 39 7 may may MD 30803 39 8 indicate indicate VB 30803 39 9 hunger hunger NN 30803 39 10 , , , 30803 39 11 sleep sleep NN 30803 39 12 , , , 30803 39 13 hostility hostility NN 30803 39 14 , , , 30803 39 15 friendship friendship NN 30803 39 16 , , , 30803 39 17 or or CC 30803 39 18 a a DT 30803 39 19 considerable considerable JJ 30803 39 20 number number NN 30803 39 21 of of IN 30803 39 22 other other JJ 30803 39 23 things thing NNS 30803 39 24 . . . 30803 40 1 A a DT 30803 40 2 representation representation NN 30803 40 3 of of IN 30803 40 4 a a DT 30803 40 5 boat boat NN 30803 40 6 with with IN 30803 40 7 a a DT 30803 40 8 number number NN 30803 40 9 of of IN 30803 40 10 circles circle NNS 30803 40 11 representing represent VBG 30803 40 12 the the DT 30803 40 13 sun sun NN 30803 40 14 or or CC 30803 40 15 moon moon NN 30803 40 16 above above IN 30803 40 17 it -PRON- PRP 30803 40 18 may may MD 30803 40 19 indicate indicate VB 30803 40 20 a a DT 30803 40 21 certain certain JJ 30803 40 22 number number NN 30803 40 23 of of IN 30803 40 24 days day NNS 30803 40 25 ' ' POS 30803 40 26 travel travel NN 30803 40 27 in in IN 30803 40 28 a a DT 30803 40 29 certain certain JJ 30803 40 30 direction direction NN 30803 40 31 , , , 30803 40 32 and and CC 30803 40 33 so so RB 30803 40 34 on on RB 30803 40 35 indefinitely indefinitely RB 30803 40 36 . . . 30803 41 1 This this DT 30803 41 2 method method NN 30803 41 3 of of IN 30803 41 4 writing writing NN 30803 41 5 was be VBD 30803 41 6 highly highly RB 30803 41 7 developed develop VBN 30803 41 8 among among IN 30803 41 9 the the DT 30803 41 10 North North NNP 30803 41 11 American American NNP 30803 41 12 Indians Indians NNPS 30803 41 13 , , , 30803 41 14 who who WP 30803 41 15 did do VBD 30803 41 16 not not RB 30803 41 17 , , , 30803 41 18 however however RB 30803 41 19 , , , 30803 41 20 get get VB 30803 41 21 beyond beyond IN 30803 41 22 it -PRON- PRP 30803 41 23 . . . 30803 42 1 [ [ -LRB- 30803 42 2 Illustration illustration NN 30803 42 3 : : : 30803 42 4 Indian indian JJ 30803 42 5 picture picture NN 30803 42 6 writing writing NN 30803 42 7 . . . 30803 43 1 The the DT 30803 43 2 biography biography NN 30803 43 3 of of IN 30803 43 4 a a DT 30803 43 5 chief chief NN 30803 43 6 . . . 30803 43 7 ] ] -RRB- 30803 44 1 The the DT 30803 44 2 next next JJ 30803 44 3 step step NN 30803 44 4 forward forward RB 30803 44 5 is be VBZ 30803 44 6 the the DT 30803 44 7 attempt attempt NN 30803 44 8 to to TO 30803 44 9 represent represent VB 30803 44 10 abstract abstract JJ 30803 44 11 ideas idea NNS 30803 44 12 by by IN 30803 44 13 means mean NNS 30803 44 14 of of IN 30803 44 15 pictures picture NNS 30803 44 16 . . . 30803 45 1 The the DT 30803 45 2 picture picture NN 30803 45 3 then then RB 30803 45 4 ceases cease VBZ 30803 45 5 to to TO 30803 45 6 represent represent VB 30803 45 7 an an DT 30803 45 8 object object NN 30803 45 9 and and CC 30803 45 10 represents represent VBZ 30803 45 11 an an DT 30803 45 12 idea idea NN 30803 45 13 . . . 30803 46 1 This this DT 30803 46 2 is be VBZ 30803 46 3 called call VBN 30803 46 4 an an DT 30803 46 5 ideogram ideogram NN 30803 46 6 . . . 30803 47 1 While while IN 30803 47 2 it -PRON- PRP 30803 47 3 has have VBZ 30803 47 4 certain certain JJ 30803 47 5 very very RB 30803 47 6 obvious obvious JJ 30803 47 7 limitations limitation NNS 30803 47 8 , , , 30803 47 9 it -PRON- PRP 30803 47 10 has have VBZ 30803 47 11 one one CD 30803 47 12 advantage advantage NN 30803 47 13 over over IN 30803 47 14 more more RBR 30803 47 15 developed develop VBN 30803 47 16 systems system NNS 30803 47 17 . . . 30803 48 1 The the DT 30803 48 2 ideogram ideogram NN 30803 48 3 does do VBZ 30803 48 4 not not RB 30803 48 5 represent represent VB 30803 48 6 a a DT 30803 48 7 word word NN 30803 48 8 ; ; : 30803 48 9 it -PRON- PRP 30803 48 10 represents represent VBZ 30803 48 11 an an DT 30803 48 12 idea idea NN 30803 48 13 . . . 30803 49 1 Consequently consequently RB 30803 49 2 it -PRON- PRP 30803 49 3 may may MD 30803 49 4 be be VB 30803 49 5 intelligible intelligible JJ 30803 49 6 to to IN 30803 49 7 people people NNS 30803 49 8 who who WP 30803 49 9 , , , 30803 49 10 in in IN 30803 49 11 spoken speak VBN 30803 49 12 language language NN 30803 49 13 , , , 30803 49 14 represent represent VBP 30803 49 15 the the DT 30803 49 16 idea idea NN 30803 49 17 by by IN 30803 49 18 very very RB 30803 49 19 different different JJ 30803 49 20 words word NNS 30803 49 21 . . . 30803 50 1 For for IN 30803 50 2 example example NN 30803 50 3 , , , 30803 50 4 there there EX 30803 50 5 are be VBP 30803 50 6 several several JJ 30803 50 7 cases case NNS 30803 50 8 where where WRB 30803 50 9 a a DT 30803 50 10 common common JJ 30803 50 11 set set NN 30803 50 12 of of IN 30803 50 13 ideograms ideogram NNS 30803 50 14 appears appear VBZ 30803 50 15 to to TO 30803 50 16 have have VB 30803 50 17 been be VBN 30803 50 18 used use VBN 30803 50 19 as as IN 30803 50 20 a a DT 30803 50 21 means means NN 30803 50 22 of of IN 30803 50 23 communication communication NN 30803 50 24 between between IN 30803 50 25 people people NNS 30803 50 26 whose whose WP$ 30803 50 27 spoken spoken JJ 30803 50 28 language language NN 30803 50 29 was be VBD 30803 50 30 mutually mutually RB 30803 50 31 unintelligible unintelligible JJ 30803 50 32 . . . 30803 51 1 The the DT 30803 51 2 Chinese chinese JJ 30803 51 3 sign sign NN 30803 51 4 for for IN 30803 51 5 " " `` 30803 51 6 words word NNS 30803 51 7 " " '' 30803 51 8 made make VBN 30803 51 9 thus thus RB 30803 51 10 [ [ -LRB- 30803 51 11 Illustration illustration NN 30803 51 12 : : : 30803 51 13 [ [ -LRB- 30803 51 14 Chinese chinese JJ 30803 51 15 character character NN 30803 51 16 ] ] -RRB- 30803 51 17 ] ] -RRB- 30803 51 18 is be VBZ 30803 51 19 a a DT 30803 51 20 typical typical JJ 30803 51 21 ideogram ideogram NN 30803 51 22 . . . 30803 52 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 52 2 represents represent VBZ 30803 52 3 a a DT 30803 52 4 mouth mouth NN 30803 52 5 with with IN 30803 52 6 vapor vapor NN 30803 52 7 rising rise VBG 30803 52 8 from from IN 30803 52 9 it -PRON- PRP 30803 52 10 . . . 30803 53 1 The the DT 30803 53 2 next next JJ 30803 53 3 step step NN 30803 53 4 forward forward RB 30803 53 5 is be VBZ 30803 53 6 the the DT 30803 53 7 development development NN 30803 53 8 of of IN 30803 53 9 the the DT 30803 53 10 ideogram ideogram NN 30803 53 11 into into IN 30803 53 12 the the DT 30803 53 13 phonogram phonogram NN 30803 53 14 , , , 30803 53 15 or or CC 30803 53 16 sound sound JJ 30803 53 17 sign sign NN 30803 53 18 . . . 30803 54 1 When when WRB 30803 54 2 this this DT 30803 54 3 step step NN 30803 54 4 is be VBZ 30803 54 5 taken take VBN 30803 54 6 , , , 30803 54 7 the the DT 30803 54 8 ideogram ideogram NN 30803 54 9 , , , 30803 54 10 besides besides IN 30803 54 11 representing represent VBG 30803 54 12 an an DT 30803 54 13 idea idea NN 30803 54 14 in in IN 30803 54 15 a a DT 30803 54 16 general general JJ 30803 54 17 way way NN 30803 54 18 , , , 30803 54 19 represents represent VBZ 30803 54 20 a a DT 30803 54 21 sound sound NN 30803 54 22 , , , 30803 54 23 usually usually RB 30803 54 24 the the DT 30803 54 25 name name NN 30803 54 26 of of IN 30803 54 27 the the DT 30803 54 28 object object NN 30803 54 29 represented represent VBN 30803 54 30 by by IN 30803 54 31 the the DT 30803 54 32 ideogram ideogram NN 30803 54 33 or or CC 30803 54 34 by by IN 30803 54 35 one one CD 30803 54 36 of of IN 30803 54 37 its -PRON- PRP$ 30803 54 38 components component NNS 30803 54 39 . . . 30803 55 1 A a DT 30803 55 2 succession succession NN 30803 55 3 of of IN 30803 55 4 these these DT 30803 55 5 phonograms phonogram NNS 30803 55 6 then then RB 30803 55 7 represents represent VBZ 30803 55 8 a a DT 30803 55 9 series series NN 30803 55 10 of of IN 30803 55 11 sounds sound NNS 30803 55 12 , , , 30803 55 13 or or CC 30803 55 14 syllables syllable NNS 30803 55 15 , , , 30803 55 16 and and CC 30803 55 17 we -PRON- PRP 30803 55 18 have have VBP 30803 55 19 a a DT 30803 55 20 real real JJ 30803 55 21 , , , 30803 55 22 though though IN 30803 55 23 somewhat somewhat RB 30803 55 24 primitive primitive JJ 30803 55 25 and and CC 30803 55 26 cumbrous cumbrous JJ 30803 55 27 , , , 30803 55 28 written write VBN 30803 55 29 language language NN 30803 55 30 . . . 30803 56 1 Concurrently concurrently RB 30803 56 2 with with IN 30803 56 3 this this DT 30803 56 4 process process NN 30803 56 5 the the DT 30803 56 6 original original JJ 30803 56 7 picture picture NN 30803 56 8 has have VBZ 30803 56 9 become become VBN 30803 56 10 conventionalized conventionalize VBN 30803 56 11 and and CC 30803 56 12 abbreviated abbreviate VBN 30803 56 13 . . . 30803 57 1 In in IN 30803 57 2 this this DT 30803 57 3 shape shape NN 30803 57 4 it -PRON- PRP 30803 57 5 is be VBZ 30803 57 6 hardly hardly RB 30803 57 7 recognizable recognizable JJ 30803 57 8 as as IN 30803 57 9 a a DT 30803 57 10 picture picture NN 30803 57 11 at at RB 30803 57 12 all all RB 30803 57 13 and and CC 30803 57 14 appears appear VBZ 30803 57 15 to to TO 30803 57 16 be be VB 30803 57 17 a a DT 30803 57 18 mere mere JJ 30803 57 19 arbitrary arbitrary JJ 30803 57 20 sign sign NN 30803 57 21 . . . 30803 58 1 [ [ -LRB- 30803 58 2 Illustration illustration NN 30803 58 3 : : : 30803 58 4 Comparative comparative JJ 30803 58 5 ideographs ideograph NNS 30803 58 6 . . . 30803 58 7 ] ] -RRB- 30803 59 1 After after IN 30803 59 2 a a DT 30803 59 3 time time NN 30803 59 4 men man NNS 30803 59 5 discovered discover VBD 30803 59 6 that that IN 30803 59 7 all all PDT 30803 59 8 the the DT 30803 59 9 sounds sound NNS 30803 59 10 of of IN 30803 59 11 the the DT 30803 59 12 human human JJ 30803 59 13 voice voice NN 30803 59 14 were be VBD 30803 59 15 really really RB 30803 59 16 decomposable decomposable JJ 30803 59 17 into into IN 30803 59 18 a a DT 30803 59 19 very very RB 30803 59 20 few few JJ 30803 59 21 and and CC 30803 59 22 that that IN 30803 59 23 all all DT 30803 59 24 human human JJ 30803 59 25 speech speech NN 30803 59 26 , , , 30803 59 27 consisting consist VBG 30803 59 28 as as IN 30803 59 29 it -PRON- PRP 30803 59 30 does do VBZ 30803 59 31 of of IN 30803 59 32 combinations combination NNS 30803 59 33 of of IN 30803 59 34 these these DT 30803 59 35 sounds sound NNS 30803 59 36 , , , 30803 59 37 could could MD 30803 59 38 be be VB 30803 59 39 represented represent VBN 30803 59 40 by by IN 30803 59 41 combinations combination NNS 30803 59 42 of of IN 30803 59 43 simple simple JJ 30803 59 44 phonograms phonogram NNS 30803 59 45 each each DT 30803 59 46 of of IN 30803 59 47 which which WDT 30803 59 48 should should MD 30803 59 49 represent represent VB 30803 59 50 neither neither CC 30803 59 51 an an DT 30803 59 52 idea idea NN 30803 59 53 nor nor CC 30803 59 54 a a DT 30803 59 55 syllable syllable NN 30803 59 56 but but CC 30803 59 57 one one CD 30803 59 58 of of IN 30803 59 59 the the DT 30803 59 60 primary primary JJ 30803 59 61 sounds sound NNS 30803 59 62 . . . 30803 60 1 The the DT 30803 60 2 phonograms phonogram NNS 30803 60 3 were be VBD 30803 60 4 then then RB 30803 60 5 greatly greatly RB 30803 60 6 reduced reduce VBN 30803 60 7 in in IN 30803 60 8 number number NN 30803 60 9 , , , 30803 60 10 simplified simplify VBN 30803 60 11 in in IN 30803 60 12 form form NN 30803 60 13 , , , 30803 60 14 and and CC 30803 60 15 became become VBD 30803 60 16 what what WP 30803 60 17 we -PRON- PRP 30803 60 18 know know VBP 30803 60 19 to to IN 30803 60 20 - - HYPH 30803 60 21 day day NN 30803 60 22 as as IN 30803 60 23 letters letter NNS 30803 60 24 . . . 30803 61 1 This this DT 30803 61 2 process process NN 30803 61 3 appears appear VBZ 30803 61 4 to to TO 30803 61 5 have have VB 30803 61 6 gone go VBN 30803 61 7 on on RP 30803 61 8 independently independently RB 30803 61 9 in in IN 30803 61 10 many many JJ 30803 61 11 parts part NNS 30803 61 12 of of IN 30803 61 13 the the DT 30803 61 14 world world NN 30803 61 15 . . . 30803 62 1 In in IN 30803 62 2 many many JJ 30803 62 3 places place NNS 30803 62 4 it -PRON- PRP 30803 62 5 never never RB 30803 62 6 got get VBD 30803 62 7 to to IN 30803 62 8 the the DT 30803 62 9 point point NN 30803 62 10 of of IN 30803 62 11 an an DT 30803 62 12 alphabet alphabet NN 30803 62 13 , , , 30803 62 14 and and CC 30803 62 15 this this DT 30803 62 16 arrest arrest NN 30803 62 17 of of IN 30803 62 18 development development NN 30803 62 19 is be VBZ 30803 62 20 not not RB 30803 62 21 inconsistent inconsistent JJ 30803 62 22 with with IN 30803 62 23 a a DT 30803 62 24 high high JJ 30803 62 25 degree degree NN 30803 62 26 of of IN 30803 62 27 civilization civilization NN 30803 62 28 . . . 30803 63 1 The the DT 30803 63 2 Chinese chinese JJ 30803 63 3 and and CC 30803 63 4 Japanese japanese JJ 30803 63 5 script script NN 30803 63 6 , , , 30803 63 7 for for IN 30803 63 8 example example NN 30803 63 9 , , , 30803 63 10 are be VBP 30803 63 11 to to IN 30803 63 12 this this DT 30803 63 13 day day NN 30803 63 14 combinations combination NNS 30803 63 15 of of IN 30803 63 16 ideograms ideogram NNS 30803 63 17 and and CC 30803 63 18 phonograms phonogram NNS 30803 63 19 . . . 30803 64 1 Three three CD 30803 64 2 of of IN 30803 64 3 the the DT 30803 64 4 great great JJ 30803 64 5 peoples people NNS 30803 64 6 of of IN 30803 64 7 antiquity antiquity NN 30803 64 8 carried carry VBD 30803 64 9 this this DT 30803 64 10 process process NN 30803 64 11 nearly nearly RB 30803 64 12 or or CC 30803 64 13 quite quite RB 30803 64 14 to to IN 30803 64 15 a a DT 30803 64 16 conclusion conclusion NN 30803 64 17 , , , 30803 64 18 although although IN 30803 64 19 the the DT 30803 64 20 method method NN 30803 64 21 followed follow VBD 30803 64 22 and and CC 30803 64 23 the the DT 30803 64 24 results result NNS 30803 64 25 reached reach VBN 30803 64 26 were be VBD 30803 64 27 quite quite RB 30803 64 28 different different JJ 30803 64 29 in in IN 30803 64 30 the the DT 30803 64 31 three three CD 30803 64 32 cases case NNS 30803 64 33 . . . 30803 65 1 The the DT 30803 65 2 three three CD 30803 65 3 civilizations civilization NNS 30803 65 4 , , , 30803 65 5 of of IN 30803 65 6 the the DT 30803 65 7 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 30803 65 8 in in IN 30803 65 9 the the DT 30803 65 10 Nile Nile NNP 30803 65 11 Valley Valley NNP 30803 65 12 , , , 30803 65 13 the the DT 30803 65 14 Assyrio Assyrio NNP 30803 65 15 - - HYPH 30803 65 16 Babylonians Babylonians NNPS 30803 65 17 in in IN 30803 65 18 the the DT 30803 65 19 valley valley NN 30803 65 20 of of IN 30803 65 21 the the DT 30803 65 22 Tigris Tigris NNP 30803 65 23 and and CC 30803 65 24 Euphrates Euphrates NNP 30803 65 25 rivers river NNS 30803 65 26 , , , 30803 65 27 and and CC 30803 65 28 the the DT 30803 65 29 Cretans Cretans NNPS 30803 65 30 , , , 30803 65 31 centering center VBG 30803 65 32 in in IN 30803 65 33 Crete Crete NNP 30803 65 34 but but CC 30803 65 35 spreading spread VBG 30803 65 36 extensively extensively RB 30803 65 37 through through IN 30803 65 38 the the DT 30803 65 39 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 30803 65 40 Basin Basin NNP 30803 65 41 , , , 30803 65 42 developed develop VBD 30803 65 43 three three CD 30803 65 44 great great JJ 30803 65 45 varieties variety NNS 30803 65 46 of of IN 30803 65 47 script script NN 30803 65 48 . . . 30803 66 1 All all DT 30803 66 2 started start VBD 30803 66 3 with with IN 30803 66 4 pictures picture NNS 30803 66 5 . . . 30803 67 1 The the DT 30803 67 2 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 30803 67 3 continued continue VBD 30803 67 4 to to TO 30803 67 5 use use VB 30803 67 6 the the DT 30803 67 7 pictures picture NNS 30803 67 8 in in IN 30803 67 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 67 10 formal formal JJ 30803 67 11 inscriptions inscription NNS 30803 67 12 down down IN 30803 67 13 to to IN 30803 67 14 the the DT 30803 67 15 Persian persian JJ 30803 67 16 conquest conquest NN 30803 67 17 in in IN 30803 67 18 the the DT 30803 67 19 6th 6th JJ 30803 67 20 century century NN 30803 67 21 B.C. B.C. NNP 30803 68 1 This this DT 30803 68 2 picture picture NN 30803 68 3 writing writing NN 30803 68 4 or or CC 30803 68 5 hieroglyphic hieroglyphic NN 30803 68 6 was be VBD 30803 68 7 well well RB 30803 68 8 developed developed JJ 30803 68 9 and and CC 30803 68 10 in in IN 30803 68 11 the the DT 30803 68 12 phonogram phonogram NN 30803 68 13 stage stage NN 30803 68 14 about about RB 30803 68 15 5000 5000 CD 30803 68 16 B.C. B.C. NNP 30803 69 1 The the DT 30803 69 2 formal formal JJ 30803 69 3 picture picture NN 30803 69 4 writing writing NN 30803 69 5 of of IN 30803 69 6 the the DT 30803 69 7 hieroglyphic hieroglyphic NN 30803 69 8 was be VBD 30803 69 9 admirably admirably RB 30803 69 10 suited suit VBN 30803 69 11 to to IN 30803 69 12 formal formal JJ 30803 69 13 inscriptions inscription NNS 30803 69 14 either either CC 30803 69 15 carved carve VBN 30803 69 16 in in IN 30803 69 17 stone stone NN 30803 69 18 or or CC 30803 69 19 painted paint VBN 30803 69 20 on on IN 30803 69 21 a a DT 30803 69 22 variety variety NN 30803 69 23 of of IN 30803 69 24 substances substance NNS 30803 69 25 . . . 30803 70 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 70 2 was be VBD 30803 70 3 not not RB 30803 70 4 suited suit VBN 30803 70 5 , , , 30803 70 6 however however RB 30803 70 7 , , , 30803 70 8 to to IN 30803 70 9 the the DT 30803 70 10 more more RBR 30803 70 11 rapid rapid JJ 30803 70 12 work work NN 30803 70 13 of of IN 30803 70 14 the the DT 30803 70 15 recorder recorder NN 30803 70 16 , , , 30803 70 17 the the DT 30803 70 18 correspondent correspondent NN 30803 70 19 , , , 30803 70 20 or or CC 30803 70 21 the the DT 30803 70 22 literary literary JJ 30803 70 23 man man NN 30803 70 24 . . . 30803 71 1 The the DT 30803 71 2 scribes scribe NNS 30803 71 3 , , , 30803 71 4 or or CC 30803 71 5 writers writer NNS 30803 71 6 , , , 30803 71 7 therefore therefore RB 30803 71 8 developed develop VBD 30803 71 9 a a DT 30803 71 10 highly highly RB 30803 71 11 abbreviated abbreviate VBN 30803 71 12 and and CC 30803 71 13 conventionalized conventionalize VBN 30803 71 14 form form NN 30803 71 15 of of IN 30803 71 16 hieroglyphic hieroglyphic JJ 30803 71 17 which which WDT 30803 71 18 could could MD 30803 71 19 be be VB 30803 71 20 easily easily RB 30803 71 21 written write VBN 30803 71 22 with with IN 30803 71 23 a a DT 30803 71 24 reed reed NN 30803 71 25 pen pen NN 30803 71 26 on on IN 30803 71 27 papyrus papyrus NNP 30803 71 28 , , , 30803 71 29 a a DT 30803 71 30 writing writing NN 30803 71 31 material material NN 30803 71 32 to to TO 30803 71 33 be be VB 30803 71 34 described describe VBN 30803 71 35 presently presently RB 30803 71 36 . . . 30803 72 1 The the DT 30803 72 2 first first JJ 30803 72 3 specimens specimen NNS 30803 72 4 of of IN 30803 72 5 papyrus papyru NNS 30803 72 6 , , , 30803 72 7 containing contain VBG 30803 72 8 the the DT 30803 72 9 earliest early JJS 30803 72 10 known know VBN 30803 72 11 specimens specimen NNS 30803 72 12 of of IN 30803 72 13 this this DT 30803 72 14 kind kind NN 30803 72 15 of of IN 30803 72 16 writing writing NN 30803 72 17 , , , 30803 72 18 called call VBN 30803 72 19 hieratic hieratic JJ 30803 72 20 , , , 30803 72 21 date date NN 30803 72 22 from from IN 30803 72 23 about about RB 30803 72 24 3550 3550 CD 30803 72 25 B.C. B.C. NNP 30803 73 1 Even even RB 30803 73 2 the the DT 30803 73 3 hieratic hieratic NN 30803 73 4 was be VBD 30803 73 5 too too RB 30803 73 6 formal formal JJ 30803 73 7 and and CC 30803 73 8 cumbersome cumbersome JJ 30803 73 9 for for IN 30803 73 10 the the DT 30803 73 11 common common JJ 30803 73 12 people people NNS 30803 73 13 and and CC 30803 73 14 was be VBD 30803 73 15 further further RB 30803 73 16 abbreviated abbreviate VBN 30803 73 17 and and CC 30803 73 18 conventionalized conventionalize VBN 30803 73 19 into into IN 30803 73 20 an an DT 30803 73 21 alphabet alphabet NN 30803 73 22 known know VBN 30803 73 23 as as IN 30803 73 24 the the DT 30803 73 25 demotic demotic NN 30803 73 26 which which WDT 30803 73 27 was be VBD 30803 73 28 in in IN 30803 73 29 common common JJ 30803 73 30 use use NN 30803 73 31 among among IN 30803 73 32 the the DT 30803 73 33 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 30803 73 34 from from IN 30803 73 35 about about RB 30803 73 36 1900 1900 CD 30803 73 37 B.C. B.C. NNP 30803 74 1 to to IN 30803 74 2 400 400 CD 30803 74 3 A.D. A.D. NNP 30803 74 4 [ [ -LRB- 30803 74 5 Illustration illustration NN 30803 74 6 : : : 30803 74 7 Names name NNS 30803 74 8 in in IN 30803 74 9 hieroglyphic hieroglyphic JJ 30803 74 10 text text NN 30803 74 11 of of IN 30803 74 12 three three CD 30803 74 13 of of IN 30803 74 14 the the DT 30803 74 15 most most RBS 30803 74 16 famous famous JJ 30803 74 17 Pharaohs Pharaohs NNPS 30803 74 18 , , , 30803 74 19 Cheops Cheops NNP 30803 74 20 , , , 30803 74 21 Thothmes Thothmes NNP 30803 74 22 III III NNP 30803 74 23 and and CC 30803 74 24 Rameses Rameses NNP 30803 74 25 II II NNP 30803 74 26 . . . 30803 74 27 ] ] -RRB- 30803 75 1 Among among IN 30803 75 2 the the DT 30803 75 3 Assyrio Assyrio NNP 30803 75 4 - - HYPH 30803 75 5 Babylonians Babylonians NNPS 30803 75 6 the the DT 30803 75 7 use use NN 30803 75 8 of of IN 30803 75 9 an an DT 30803 75 10 entirely entirely RB 30803 75 11 different different JJ 30803 75 12 kind kind NN 30803 75 13 of of IN 30803 75 14 writing writing NN 30803 75 15 material material NN 30803 75 16 caused cause VBD 30803 75 17 the the DT 30803 75 18 development development NN 30803 75 19 of of IN 30803 75 20 a a DT 30803 75 21 very very RB 30803 75 22 different different JJ 30803 75 23 type type NN 30803 75 24 of of IN 30803 75 25 script script NN 30803 75 26 . . . 30803 76 1 The the DT 30803 76 2 lands land NNS 30803 76 3 inherited inherit VBN 30803 76 4 by by IN 30803 76 5 these these DT 30803 76 6 people people NNS 30803 76 7 were be VBD 30803 76 8 clay clay NN 30803 76 9 lands land NNS 30803 76 10 and and CC 30803 76 11 they -PRON- PRP 30803 76 12 made make VBD 30803 76 13 enormous enormous JJ 30803 76 14 use use NN 30803 76 15 of of IN 30803 76 16 clay clay NN 30803 76 17 and and CC 30803 76 18 its -PRON- PRP$ 30803 76 19 products product NNS 30803 76 20 for for IN 30803 76 21 building building NN 30803 76 22 materials material NNS 30803 76 23 , , , 30803 76 24 utensils utensil NNS 30803 76 25 , , , 30803 76 26 and and CC 30803 76 27 also also RB 30803 76 28 writing write VBG 30803 76 29 material material NN 30803 76 30 . . . 30803 77 1 The the DT 30803 77 2 early early JJ 30803 77 3 inhabitants inhabitant NNS 30803 77 4 of of IN 30803 77 5 this this DT 30803 77 6 region region NN 30803 77 7 very very RB 30803 77 8 soon soon RB 30803 77 9 found find VBD 30803 77 10 that that IN 30803 77 11 a a DT 30803 77 12 permanent permanent JJ 30803 77 13 record record NN 30803 77 14 could could MD 30803 77 15 be be VB 30803 77 16 made make VBN 30803 77 17 by by IN 30803 77 18 marking mark VBG 30803 77 19 a a DT 30803 77 20 lump lump NN 30803 77 21 of of IN 30803 77 22 soft soft JJ 30803 77 23 clay clay NN 30803 77 24 with with IN 30803 77 25 a a DT 30803 77 26 sharp sharp JJ 30803 77 27 stick stick NN 30803 77 28 and and CC 30803 77 29 then then RB 30803 77 30 drying dry VBG 30803 77 31 it -PRON- PRP 30803 77 32 in in IN 30803 77 33 the the DT 30803 77 34 sun sun NN 30803 77 35 or or CC 30803 77 36 baking bake VBG 30803 77 37 it -PRON- PRP 30803 77 38 in in IN 30803 77 39 an an DT 30803 77 40 oven oven NN 30803 77 41 . . . 30803 78 1 Naturally naturally RB 30803 78 2 the the DT 30803 78 3 picture picture NN 30803 78 4 very very RB 30803 78 5 soon soon RB 30803 78 6 degenerated degenerate VBD 30803 78 7 into into IN 30803 78 8 a a DT 30803 78 9 series series NN 30803 78 10 of of IN 30803 78 11 marks mark NNS 30803 78 12 made make VBN 30803 78 13 by by IN 30803 78 14 holding hold VBG 30803 78 15 the the DT 30803 78 16 stick stick NN 30803 78 17 , , , 30803 78 18 or or CC 30803 78 19 pointed point VBN 30803 78 20 implement implement NN 30803 78 21 , , , 30803 78 22 nearly nearly RB 30803 78 23 parallel parallel JJ 30803 78 24 to to IN 30803 78 25 the the DT 30803 78 26 clay clay NN 30803 78 27 and and CC 30803 78 28 then then RB 30803 78 29 thrusting thrust VBG 30803 78 30 it -PRON- PRP 30803 78 31 into into IN 30803 78 32 the the DT 30803 78 33 surface surface NN 30803 78 34 . . . 30803 79 1 The the DT 30803 79 2 resultant resultant JJ 30803 79 3 mark mark NN 30803 79 4 was be VBD 30803 79 5 like like IN 30803 79 6 the the DT 30803 79 7 following follow VBG 30803 79 8 : : : 30803 79 9 [ [ -LRB- 30803 79 10 Illustration illustration NN 30803 79 11 : : : 30803 79 12 cuneiform cuneiform NN 30803 79 13 ] ] -RRB- 30803 79 14 This this DT 30803 79 15 script script NN 30803 79 16 is be VBZ 30803 79 17 called call VBN 30803 79 18 " " `` 30803 79 19 cuneiform cuneiform NN 30803 79 20 , , , 30803 79 21 " " '' 30803 79 22 from from IN 30803 79 23 two two CD 30803 79 24 Latin latin JJ 30803 79 25 words word NNS 30803 79 26 meaning mean VBG 30803 79 27 " " `` 30803 79 28 wedge wedge NN 30803 79 29 shaped shape VBD 30803 79 30 , , , 30803 79 31 " " '' 30803 79 32 from from IN 30803 79 33 the the DT 30803 79 34 obvious obvious JJ 30803 79 35 resemblance resemblance NN 30803 79 36 of of IN 30803 79 37 the the DT 30803 79 38 marks mark NNS 30803 79 39 to to IN 30803 79 40 wedges wedge NNS 30803 79 41 . . . 30803 80 1 The the DT 30803 80 2 number number NN 30803 80 3 and and CC 30803 80 4 arrangement arrangement NN 30803 80 5 of of IN 30803 80 6 these these DT 30803 80 7 marks mark NNS 30803 80 8 developed develop VBD 30803 80 9 successively successively RB 30803 80 10 into into IN 30803 80 11 phonograms phonogram NNS 30803 80 12 , , , 30803 80 13 ideograms ideogram NNS 30803 80 14 , , , 30803 80 15 and and CC 30803 80 16 letters letter NNS 30803 80 17 . . . 30803 81 1 The the DT 30803 81 2 language language NN 30803 81 3 , , , 30803 81 4 which which WDT 30803 81 5 was be VBD 30803 81 6 very very RB 30803 81 7 complicated complicated JJ 30803 81 8 in in IN 30803 81 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 30803 81 10 written write VBN 30803 81 11 form form NN 30803 81 12 , , , 30803 81 13 retained retain VBD 30803 81 14 all all DT 30803 81 15 three three CD 30803 81 16 to to IN 30803 81 17 the the DT 30803 81 18 last last JJ 30803 81 19 . . . 30803 82 1 [ [ -LRB- 30803 82 2 Illustration illustration NN 30803 82 3 : : : 30803 82 4 First first JJ 30803 82 5 line line NN 30803 82 6 of of IN 30803 82 7 a a DT 30803 82 8 cuneiform cuneiform NN 30803 82 9 inscription inscription NN 30803 82 10 commemorating commemorate VBG 30803 82 11 victory victory NN 30803 82 12 of of IN 30803 82 13 Shalmaneser Shalmaneser NNP 30803 82 14 over over IN 30803 82 15 Hazael Hazael NNP 30803 82 16 , , , 30803 82 17 King King NNP 30803 82 18 of of IN 30803 82 19 Syria Syria NNP 30803 82 20 . . . 30803 82 21 ] ] -RRB- 30803 83 1 The the DT 30803 83 2 Cretan Cretan NNP 30803 83 3 civilization civilization NN 30803 83 4 has have VBZ 30803 83 5 been be VBN 30803 83 6 unknown unknown JJ 30803 83 7 to to IN 30803 83 8 us -PRON- PRP 30803 83 9 save save VB 30803 83 10 through through IN 30803 83 11 a a DT 30803 83 12 few few JJ 30803 83 13 uncertain uncertain JJ 30803 83 14 references reference NNS 30803 83 15 in in IN 30803 83 16 Greek greek JJ 30803 83 17 literature literature NN 30803 83 18 until until IN 30803 83 19 within within IN 30803 83 20 about about RB 30803 83 21 twenty twenty CD 30803 83 22 years year NNS 30803 83 23 . . . 30803 84 1 Within within IN 30803 84 2 that that DT 30803 84 3 time time NN 30803 84 4 many many JJ 30803 84 5 excavations excavation NNS 30803 84 6 have have VBP 30803 84 7 been be VBN 30803 84 8 made make VBN 30803 84 9 , , , 30803 84 10 many many JJ 30803 84 11 objects object NNS 30803 84 12 recovered recover VBD 30803 84 13 , , , 30803 84 14 and and CC 30803 84 15 much much JJ 30803 84 16 progress progress NN 30803 84 17 made make VBN 30803 84 18 in in IN 30803 84 19 the the DT 30803 84 20 reconstruction reconstruction NN 30803 84 21 of of IN 30803 84 22 this this DT 30803 84 23 ancient ancient JJ 30803 84 24 civilization civilization NN 30803 84 25 . . . 30803 85 1 The the DT 30803 85 2 written write VBN 30803 85 3 language language NN 30803 85 4 has have VBZ 30803 85 5 been be VBN 30803 85 6 at at IN 30803 85 7 least least JJS 30803 85 8 partially partially RB 30803 85 9 recovered recover VBN 30803 85 10 , , , 30803 85 11 although although IN 30803 85 12 we -PRON- PRP 30803 85 13 are be VBP 30803 85 14 not not RB 30803 85 15 sure sure JJ 30803 85 16 that that IN 30803 85 17 we -PRON- PRP 30803 85 18 have have VBP 30803 85 19 all all PDT 30803 85 20 the the DT 30803 85 21 signs sign NNS 30803 85 22 and and CC 30803 85 23 we -PRON- PRP 30803 85 24 do do VBP 30803 85 25 not not RB 30803 85 26 know know VB 30803 85 27 how how WRB 30803 85 28 to to TO 30803 85 29 read read VB 30803 85 30 any any DT 30803 85 31 of of IN 30803 85 32 them -PRON- PRP 30803 85 33 . . . 30803 86 1 These these DT 30803 86 2 signs sign NNS 30803 86 3 were be VBD 30803 86 4 of of IN 30803 86 5 two two CD 30803 86 6 sorts sort NNS 30803 86 7 , , , 30803 86 8 described describe VBN 30803 86 9 as as IN 30803 86 10 hieroglyphic hieroglyphic JJ 30803 86 11 and and CC 30803 86 12 linear linear JJ 30803 86 13 . . . 30803 87 1 The the DT 30803 87 2 hieroglyphic hieroglyphic JJ 30803 87 3 signs sign NNS 30803 87 4 are be VBP 30803 87 5 either either CC 30803 87 6 ideograms ideogram NNS 30803 87 7 or or CC 30803 87 8 phonograms phonogram NNS 30803 87 9 . . . 30803 88 1 Whether whether IN 30803 88 2 the the DT 30803 88 3 linear linear JJ 30803 88 4 signs sign NNS 30803 88 5 are be VBP 30803 88 6 a a DT 30803 88 7 true true JJ 30803 88 8 alphabet alphabet NN 30803 88 9 or or CC 30803 88 10 a a DT 30803 88 11 syllabary syllabary NN 30803 88 12 ( ( -LRB- 30803 88 13 each each DT 30803 88 14 sign sign NN 30803 88 15 representing represent VBG 30803 88 16 a a DT 30803 88 17 complete complete JJ 30803 88 18 syllable syllable NN 30803 88 19 ) ) -RRB- 30803 88 20 we -PRON- PRP 30803 88 21 do do VBP 30803 88 22 not not RB 30803 88 23 know know VB 30803 88 24 . . . 30803 89 1 These these DT 30803 89 2 linear linear JJ 30803 89 3 signs sign NNS 30803 89 4 have have VBP 30803 89 5 close close JJ 30803 89 6 relations relation NNS 30803 89 7 on on IN 30803 89 8 one one CD 30803 89 9 hand hand NN 30803 89 10 to to IN 30803 89 11 the the DT 30803 89 12 signs sign NNS 30803 89 13 used use VBN 30803 89 14 in in IN 30803 89 15 the the DT 30803 89 16 island island NN 30803 89 17 of of IN 30803 89 18 Cyprus Cyprus NNP 30803 89 19 , , , 30803 89 20 which which WDT 30803 89 21 we -PRON- PRP 30803 89 22 know know VBP 30803 89 23 to to TO 30803 89 24 have have VB 30803 89 25 been be VBN 30803 89 26 a a DT 30803 89 27 syllabary syllabary NN 30803 89 28 , , , 30803 89 29 and and CC 30803 89 30 on on IN 30803 89 31 the the DT 30803 89 32 other other JJ 30803 89 33 to to IN 30803 89 34 the the DT 30803 89 35 signs sign NNS 30803 89 36 used use VBN 30803 89 37 by by IN 30803 89 38 the the DT 30803 89 39 Phoenicians Phoenicians NNPS 30803 89 40 , , , 30803 89 41 which which WDT 30803 89 42 we -PRON- PRP 30803 89 43 know know VBP 30803 89 44 to to TO 30803 89 45 have have VB 30803 89 46 been be VBN 30803 89 47 an an DT 30803 89 48 alphabet alphabet NN 30803 89 49 . . . 30803 90 1 There there EX 30803 90 2 seems seem VBZ 30803 90 3 to to TO 30803 90 4 be be VB 30803 90 5 no no DT 30803 90 6 question question NN 30803 90 7 that that IN 30803 90 8 the the DT 30803 90 9 final final JJ 30803 90 10 step step NN 30803 90 11 of of IN 30803 90 12 discarding discard VBG 30803 90 13 all all DT 30803 90 14 signs sign NNS 30803 90 15 excepting except VBG 30803 90 16 the the DT 30803 90 17 few few JJ 30803 90 18 representing represent VBG 30803 90 19 the the DT 30803 90 20 primary primary JJ 30803 90 21 sounds sound NNS 30803 90 22 of of IN 30803 90 23 human human JJ 30803 90 24 speech speech NN 30803 90 25 , , , 30803 90 26 and and CC 30803 90 27 thus thus RB 30803 90 28 developing develop VBG 30803 90 29 an an DT 30803 90 30 alphabet alphabet NN 30803 90 31 pure pure JJ 30803 90 32 and and CC 30803 90 33 simple simple JJ 30803 90 34 without without IN 30803 90 35 concurrent concurrent JJ 30803 90 36 use use NN 30803 90 37 of of IN 30803 90 38 phonograms phonogram NNS 30803 90 39 and and CC 30803 90 40 ideograms ideogram NNS 30803 90 41 , , , 30803 90 42 was be VBD 30803 90 43 made make VBN 30803 90 44 by by IN 30803 90 45 the the DT 30803 90 46 Phoenicians Phoenicians NNPS 30803 90 47 . . . 30803 91 1 The the DT 30803 91 2 Phoenicians Phoenicians NNPS 30803 91 3 were be VBD 30803 91 4 a a DT 30803 91 5 trading trading NN 30803 91 6 people people NNS 30803 91 7 of of IN 30803 91 8 Semitic semitic JJ 30803 91 9 origin origin NN 30803 91 10 ( ( -LRB- 30803 91 11 akin akin JJ 30803 91 12 to to IN 30803 91 13 the the DT 30803 91 14 Jews Jews NNPS 30803 91 15 and and CC 30803 91 16 other other JJ 30803 91 17 allied ally VBN 30803 91 18 races race NNS 30803 91 19 ) ) -RRB- 30803 91 20 whose whose WP$ 30803 91 21 principal principal JJ 30803 91 22 seats seat NNS 30803 91 23 were be VBD 30803 91 24 at at IN 30803 91 25 the the DT 30803 91 26 eastern eastern JJ 30803 91 27 end end NN 30803 91 28 of of IN 30803 91 29 the the DT 30803 91 30 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP 30803 91 31 . . . 30803 92 1 Various various JJ 30803 92 2 theories theory NNS 30803 92 3 have have VBP 30803 92 4 been be VBN 30803 92 5 put put VBN 30803 92 6 forth forth RB 30803 92 7 as as IN 30803 92 8 to to IN 30803 92 9 the the DT 30803 92 10 origin origin NN 30803 92 11 of of IN 30803 92 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 92 13 alphabet alphabet NN 30803 92 14 . . . 30803 93 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 93 2 is be VBZ 30803 93 3 clear clear JJ 30803 93 4 that that IN 30803 93 5 they -PRON- PRP 30803 93 6 did do VBD 30803 93 7 not not RB 30803 93 8 originate originate VB 30803 93 9 it -PRON- PRP 30803 93 10 absolutely absolutely RB 30803 93 11 but but CC 30803 93 12 developed develop VBD 30803 93 13 it -PRON- PRP 30803 93 14 from from IN 30803 93 15 previously previously RB 30803 93 16 existing exist VBG 30803 93 17 material material NN 30803 93 18 . . . 30803 94 1 Attempts attempt NNS 30803 94 2 have have VBP 30803 94 3 been be VBN 30803 94 4 made make VBN 30803 94 5 to to TO 30803 94 6 connect connect VB 30803 94 7 it -PRON- PRP 30803 94 8 with with IN 30803 94 9 the the DT 30803 94 10 Assyrian assyrian JJ 30803 94 11 cuneiform cuneiform NN 30803 94 12 , , , 30803 94 13 and and CC 30803 94 14 for for IN 30803 94 15 many many JJ 30803 94 16 years year NNS 30803 94 17 it -PRON- PRP 30803 94 18 was be VBD 30803 94 19 commonly commonly RB 30803 94 20 believed believe VBN 30803 94 21 to to TO 30803 94 22 have have VB 30803 94 23 been be VBN 30803 94 24 derived derive VBN 30803 94 25 from from IN 30803 94 26 the the DT 30803 94 27 hieratic hieratic JJ 30803 94 28 form form NN 30803 94 29 of of IN 30803 94 30 the the DT 30803 94 31 Egyptian Egyptian NNP 30803 94 32 . . . 30803 95 1 The the DT 30803 95 2 evidence evidence NN 30803 95 3 of of IN 30803 95 4 later later JJ 30803 95 5 discoveries discovery NNS 30803 95 6 , , , 30803 95 7 together together RB 30803 95 8 with with IN 30803 95 9 the the DT 30803 95 10 difficulty difficulty NN 30803 95 11 of of IN 30803 95 12 reconciling reconcile VBG 30803 95 13 either either DT 30803 95 14 of of IN 30803 95 15 these these DT 30803 95 16 theories theory NNS 30803 95 17 with with IN 30803 95 18 all all PDT 30803 95 19 the the DT 30803 95 20 known know VBN 30803 95 21 facts fact NNS 30803 95 22 , , , 30803 95 23 points point VBZ 30803 95 24 strongly strongly RB 30803 95 25 to to IN 30803 95 26 the the DT 30803 95 27 conclusion conclusion NN 30803 95 28 that that IN 30803 95 29 the the DT 30803 95 30 principal principal JJ 30803 95 31 source source NN 30803 95 32 of of IN 30803 95 33 the the DT 30803 95 34 Phoenician phoenician JJ 30803 95 35 alphabet alphabet NN 30803 95 36 was be VBD 30803 95 37 the the DT 30803 95 38 Cretan Cretan NNP 30803 95 39 script script NN 30803 95 40 , , , 30803 95 41 probably probably RB 30803 95 42 modified modify VBN 30803 95 43 by by IN 30803 95 44 other other JJ 30803 95 45 elements element NNS 30803 95 46 derived derive VBN 30803 95 47 from from IN 30803 95 48 commercial commercial JJ 30803 95 49 intercourse intercourse NN 30803 95 50 with with IN 30803 95 51 the the DT 30803 95 52 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 30803 95 53 and and CC 30803 95 54 the the DT 30803 95 55 Assyrians Assyrians NNPS 30803 95 56 . . . 30803 96 1 From from IN 30803 96 2 the the DT 30803 96 3 Phoenician Phoenician NNP 30803 96 4 came come VBD 30803 96 5 the the DT 30803 96 6 Greek greek JJ 30803 96 7 alphabet alphabet NN 30803 96 8 . . . 30803 97 1 From from IN 30803 97 2 the the DT 30803 97 3 Greek Greek NNP 30803 97 4 came come VBD 30803 97 5 the the DT 30803 97 6 Roman Roman NNP 30803 97 7 , , , 30803 97 8 and and CC 30803 97 9 from from IN 30803 97 10 the the DT 30803 97 11 Roman Roman NNP 30803 97 12 , , , 30803 97 13 with with IN 30803 97 14 very very RB 30803 97 15 little little JJ 30803 97 16 change change NN 30803 97 17 , , , 30803 97 18 came come VBD 30803 97 19 our -PRON- PRP$ 30803 97 20 own own JJ 30803 97 21 familiar familiar JJ 30803 97 22 alphabet alphabet NN 30803 97 23 . . . 30803 98 1 But but CC 30803 98 2 that that DT 30803 98 3 is be VBZ 30803 98 4 not not RB 30803 98 5 all all DT 30803 98 6 . . . 30803 99 1 The the DT 30803 99 2 Phoenician Phoenician NNP 30803 99 3 , , , 30803 99 4 through through IN 30803 99 5 various various JJ 30803 99 6 lines line NNS 30803 99 7 of of IN 30803 99 8 descent descent NN 30803 99 9 , , , 30803 99 10 is be VBZ 30803 99 11 the the DT 30803 99 12 common common JJ 30803 99 13 mother mother NN 30803 99 14 of of IN 30803 99 15 all all PDT 30803 99 16 the the DT 30803 99 17 alphabets alphabet NNS 30803 99 18 in in IN 30803 99 19 use use NN 30803 99 20 to to IN 30803 99 21 - - HYPH 30803 99 22 day day NN 30803 99 23 including include VBG 30803 99 24 those those DT 30803 99 25 as as RB 30803 99 26 different different JJ 30803 99 27 from from IN 30803 99 28 our -PRON- PRP$ 30803 99 29 own own JJ 30803 99 30 and and CC 30803 99 31 from from IN 30803 99 32 each each DT 30803 99 33 other other JJ 30803 99 34 as as IN 30803 99 35 the the DT 30803 99 36 Hebrew Hebrew NNP 30803 99 37 , , , 30803 99 38 the the DT 30803 99 39 Arabic Arabic NNP 30803 99 40 , , , 30803 99 41 and and CC 30803 99 42 the the DT 30803 99 43 scripts script NNS 30803 99 44 of of IN 30803 99 45 India India NNP 30803 99 46 . . . 30803 100 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 100 2 will will MD 30803 100 3 be be VB 30803 100 4 noted note VBN 30803 100 5 that that IN 30803 100 6 there there EX 30803 100 7 are be VBP 30803 100 8 now now RB 30803 100 9 four four CD 30803 100 10 great great JJ 30803 100 11 families family NNS 30803 100 12 of of IN 30803 100 13 alphabets alphabet NNS 30803 100 14 . . . 30803 101 1 They -PRON- PRP 30803 101 2 are be VBP 30803 101 3 the the DT 30803 101 4 Aramean Aramean NNP 30803 101 5 which which WDT 30803 101 6 have have VBP 30803 101 7 the the DT 30803 101 8 Hebrew Hebrew NNP 30803 101 9 as as IN 30803 101 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 101 11 common common JJ 30803 101 12 ancestor ancestor NN 30803 101 13 ; ; : 30803 101 14 the the DT 30803 101 15 Ethiopic Ethiopic NNP 30803 101 16 which which WDT 30803 101 17 now now RB 30803 101 18 exists exist VBZ 30803 101 19 in in IN 30803 101 20 but but CC 30803 101 21 one one CD 30803 101 22 individual individual NN 30803 101 23 ; ; : 30803 101 24 the the DT 30803 101 25 Indian Indian NNP 30803 101 26 which which WDT 30803 101 27 now now RB 30803 101 28 exists exist VBZ 30803 101 29 in in IN 30803 101 30 three three CD 30803 101 31 groups group NNS 30803 101 32 related relate VBN 30803 101 33 respectively respectively RB 30803 101 34 to to IN 30803 101 35 the the DT 30803 101 36 Burmese Burmese NNP 30803 101 37 , , , 30803 101 38 Thibetan Thibetan NNP 30803 101 39 , , , 30803 101 40 and and CC 30803 101 41 Tamil Tamil NNP 30803 101 42 ; ; : 30803 101 43 and and CC 30803 101 44 the the DT 30803 101 45 Hellenic Hellenic NNP 30803 101 46 , , , 30803 101 47 deriving derive VBG 30803 101 48 from from IN 30803 101 49 the the DT 30803 101 50 Greek Greek NNP 30803 101 51 . . . 30803 102 1 The the DT 30803 102 2 relations relation NNS 30803 102 3 of of IN 30803 102 4 these these DT 30803 102 5 groups group NNS 30803 102 6 are be VBP 30803 102 7 well well RB 30803 102 8 worth worth JJ 30803 102 9 study study NN 30803 102 10 as as IN 30803 102 11 indicating indicate VBG 30803 102 12 ancient ancient JJ 30803 102 13 lines line NNS 30803 102 14 of of IN 30803 102 15 conquest conquest NN 30803 102 16 , , , 30803 102 17 immigration immigration NN 30803 102 18 , , , 30803 102 19 and and CC 30803 102 20 literary literary JJ 30803 102 21 influence influence NN 30803 102 22 . . . 30803 103 1 The the DT 30803 103 2 lines line NNS 30803 103 3 of of IN 30803 103 4 descent descent NN 30803 103 5 are be VBP 30803 103 6 shown show VBN 30803 103 7 in in IN 30803 103 8 the the DT 30803 103 9 table table NN 30803 103 10 on on IN 30803 103 11 the the DT 30803 103 12 following follow VBG 30803 103 13 page page NN 30803 103 14 . . . 30803 104 1 [ [ -LRB- 30803 104 2 Illustration illustration NN 30803 104 3 : : : 30803 104 4 Inscription inscription NN 30803 104 5 in in IN 30803 104 6 the the DT 30803 104 7 Cretan Cretan NNP 30803 104 8 linear linear NN 30803 104 9 character character NN 30803 104 10 from from IN 30803 104 11 a a DT 30803 104 12 vase vase NN 30803 104 13 . . . 30803 104 14 ] ] -RRB- 30803 105 1 GENEALOGY genealogy NN 30803 105 2 OF of IN 30803 105 3 THE the DT 30803 105 4 ALPHABET alphabet NN 30803 105 5 { { -LRB- 30803 105 6 { { -LRB- 30803 105 7 Hebrew hebrew NN 30803 105 8 . . . 30803 106 1 { { -LRB- 30803 106 2 { { -LRB- 30803 106 3 Syriac Syriac NNP 30803 106 4 . . . 30803 107 1 { { -LRB- 30803 107 2 { { -LRB- 30803 107 3 Mongolian Mongolian NNP 30803 107 4 . . . 30803 108 1 { { -LRB- 30803 108 2 ARAMEAN ARAMEAN NNP 30803 108 3 . . . 30803 109 1 { { -LRB- 30803 109 2 Arabic arabic JJ 30803 109 3 . . . 30803 110 1 { { -LRB- 30803 110 2 { { -LRB- 30803 110 3 Pehlevi Pehlevi NNP 30803 110 4 . . . 30803 111 1 { { -LRB- 30803 111 2 { { -LRB- 30803 111 3 Armenian Armenian NNP 30803 111 4 . . . 30803 112 1 { { -LRB- 30803 112 2 { { -LRB- 30803 112 3 Georgian Georgian NNP 30803 112 4 . . . 30803 113 1 { { -LRB- 30803 113 2 { { -LRB- 30803 113 3 { { -LRB- 30803 113 4 ETHIOPIC ETHIOPIC NNP 30803 113 5 . . . 30803 114 1 Amharic amharic RB 30803 114 2 . . . 30803 115 1 { { -LRB- 30803 115 2 { { -LRB- 30803 115 3 { { -LRB- 30803 115 4 { { -LRB- 30803 115 5 { { -LRB- 30803 115 6 Burmese Burmese NNP 30803 115 7 . . . 30803 116 1 { { -LRB- 30803 116 2 { { -LRB- 30803 116 3 { { -LRB- 30803 116 4 Siamese Siamese NNP 30803 116 5 . . . 30803 117 1 { { -LRB- 30803 117 2 { { -LRB- 30803 117 3 { { -LRB- 30803 117 4 PALI PALI NNS 30803 117 5 . . . 30803 118 1 { { -LRB- 30803 118 2 Javanese Javanese NNP 30803 118 3 . . . 30803 119 1 { { -LRB- 30803 119 2 { { -LRB- 30803 119 3 { { -LRB- 30803 119 4 { { -LRB- 30803 119 5 Singalese Singalese NNP 30803 119 6 . . . 30803 120 1 { { -LRB- 30803 120 2 { { -LRB- 30803 120 3 { { -LRB- 30803 120 4 { { -LRB- 30803 120 5 Corean Corean NNP 30803 120 6 . . . 30803 121 1 { { -LRB- 30803 121 2 { { -LRB- 30803 121 3 { { -LRB- 30803 121 4 { { -LRB- 30803 121 5 { { -LRB- 30803 121 6 { { -LRB- 30803 121 7 { { -LRB- 30803 121 8 Tibetan Tibetan NNP 30803 121 9 . . . 30803 122 1 { { -LRB- 30803 122 2 { { -LRB- 30803 122 3 { { -LRB- 30803 122 4 { { -LRB- 30803 122 5 Kashmiri Kashmiri NNP 30803 122 6 . . . 30803 123 1 PHOENICIAN PHOENICIAN NNP 30803 123 2 . . . 30803 124 1 { { -LRB- 30803 124 2 SABÆAN SABÆAN NNP 30803 124 3 . . . 30803 125 1 { { -LRB- 30803 125 2 INDIAN INDIAN NNP 30803 125 3 . . . 30803 126 1 { { -LRB- 30803 126 2 NAGARI NAGARI NNP 30803 126 3 . . . 30803 127 1 { { -LRB- 30803 127 2 Gujarati Gujarati NNP 30803 127 3 . . . 30803 128 1 { { -LRB- 30803 128 2 { { -LRB- 30803 128 3 { { -LRB- 30803 128 4 { { -LRB- 30803 128 5 Marathi Marathi NNP 30803 128 6 . . . 30803 129 1 { { -LRB- 30803 129 2 { { -LRB- 30803 129 3 { { -LRB- 30803 129 4 { { -LRB- 30803 129 5 Bengali Bengali NNP 30803 129 6 . . . 30803 130 1 { { -LRB- 30803 130 2 { { -LRB- 30803 130 3 { { -LRB- 30803 130 4 { { -LRB- 30803 130 5 Malayan Malayan NNP 30803 130 6 . . . 30803 131 1 { { -LRB- 30803 131 2 { { -LRB- 30803 131 3 { { -LRB- 30803 131 4 { { -LRB- 30803 131 5 { { -LRB- 30803 131 6 { { -LRB- 30803 131 7 { { -LRB- 30803 131 8 Tamil Tamil NNP 30803 131 9 . . . 30803 132 1 { { -LRB- 30803 132 2 { { -LRB- 30803 132 3 { { -LRB- 30803 132 4 DRAVIDIAN dravidian NN 30803 132 5 . . . 30803 133 1 { { -LRB- 30803 133 2 Telugu Telugu NNP 30803 133 3 . . . 30803 134 1 { { -LRB- 30803 134 2 { { -LRB- 30803 134 3 Canarese Canarese NNP 30803 134 4 . . . 30803 135 1 { { -LRB- 30803 135 2 { { -LRB- 30803 135 3 { { -LRB- 30803 135 4 Greek Greek NNP 30803 135 5 . . . 30803 136 1 { { -LRB- 30803 136 2 HELLENIC HELLENIC NNP 30803 136 3 . . . 30803 137 1 { { -LRB- 30803 137 2 Latin Latin NNP 30803 137 3 . . . 30803 138 1 { { -LRB- 30803 138 2 { { -LRB- 30803 138 3 Russian Russian NNP 30803 138 4 . . . 30803 139 1 { { -LRB- 30803 139 2 { { -LRB- 30803 139 3 Coptic coptic NN 30803 139 4 . . . 30803 140 1 This this DT 30803 140 2 table table NN 30803 140 3 , , , 30803 140 4 based base VBN 30803 140 5 on on IN 30803 140 6 the the DT 30803 140 7 studies study NNS 30803 140 8 of of IN 30803 140 9 Canon Canon NNP 30803 140 10 Isaac Isaac NNP 30803 140 11 Taylor Taylor NNP 30803 140 12 , , , 30803 140 13 is be VBZ 30803 140 14 taken take VBN 30803 140 15 from from IN 30803 140 16 Clodd Clodd NNP 30803 140 17 's 's POS 30803 140 18 " " `` 30803 140 19 Story Story NNP 30803 140 20 of of IN 30803 140 21 the the DT 30803 140 22 Alphabet Alphabet NNP 30803 140 23 . . . 30803 140 24 " " '' 30803 141 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 30803 141 2 II II NNP 30803 141 3 _ _ NNP 30803 141 4 Writing Writing NNP 30803 141 5 Materials Materials NNPS 30803 141 6 _ _ NNP 30803 141 7 As as IN 30803 141 8 already already RB 30803 141 9 indicated indicate VBN 30803 141 10 , , , 30803 141 11 the the DT 30803 141 12 writing write VBG 30803 141 13 materials material NNS 30803 141 14 in in IN 30803 141 15 use use NN 30803 141 16 in in IN 30803 141 17 different different JJ 30803 141 18 places place NNS 30803 141 19 and and CC 30803 141 20 at at IN 30803 141 21 different different JJ 30803 141 22 times time NNS 30803 141 23 have have VBP 30803 141 24 varied vary VBN 30803 141 25 greatly greatly RB 30803 141 26 . . . 30803 142 1 Obviously obviously RB 30803 142 2 anything anything NN 30803 142 3 capable capable JJ 30803 142 4 of of IN 30803 142 5 receiving receive VBG 30803 142 6 an an DT 30803 142 7 impression impression NN 30803 142 8 or or CC 30803 142 9 bearing bear VBG 30803 142 10 a a DT 30803 142 11 mark mark NN 30803 142 12 of of IN 30803 142 13 any any DT 30803 142 14 kind kind NN 30803 142 15 may may MD 30803 142 16 be be VB 30803 142 17 used use VBN 30803 142 18 as as IN 30803 142 19 material material NN 30803 142 20 for for IN 30803 142 21 receiving receive VBG 30803 142 22 records record NNS 30803 142 23 or or CC 30803 142 24 bearing bear VBG 30803 142 25 communications communication NNS 30803 142 26 . . . 30803 143 1 The the DT 30803 143 2 surface surface NN 30803 143 3 of of IN 30803 143 4 a a DT 30803 143 5 stone stone NN 30803 143 6 , , , 30803 143 7 a a DT 30803 143 8 bone bone NN 30803 143 9 , , , 30803 143 10 or or CC 30803 143 11 a a DT 30803 143 12 shell shell NN 30803 143 13 , , , 30803 143 14 a a DT 30803 143 15 flat flat JJ 30803 143 16 piece piece NN 30803 143 17 of of IN 30803 143 18 wood wood NN 30803 143 19 , , , 30803 143 20 bark bark NN 30803 143 21 or or CC 30803 143 22 leaf leaf NN 30803 143 23 of of IN 30803 143 24 a a DT 30803 143 25 tree tree NN 30803 143 26 , , , 30803 143 27 a a DT 30803 143 28 plate plate NN 30803 143 29 of of IN 30803 143 30 metal metal NN 30803 143 31 , , , 30803 143 32 the the DT 30803 143 33 facet facet NN 30803 143 34 of of IN 30803 143 35 a a DT 30803 143 36 gem gem NN 30803 143 37 , , , 30803 143 38 any any DT 30803 143 39 one one CD 30803 143 40 of of IN 30803 143 41 a a DT 30803 143 42 thousand thousand CD 30803 143 43 things thing NNS 30803 143 44 can can MD 30803 143 45 be be VB 30803 143 46 used use VBN 30803 143 47 and and CC 30803 143 48 has have VBZ 30803 143 49 been be VBN 30803 143 50 used use VBN 30803 143 51 for for IN 30803 143 52 this this DT 30803 143 53 purpose purpose NN 30803 143 54 . . . 30803 144 1 The the DT 30803 144 2 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 30803 144 3 and and CC 30803 144 4 Greeks Greeks NNPS 30803 144 5 were be VBD 30803 144 6 in in IN 30803 144 7 the the DT 30803 144 8 habit habit NN 30803 144 9 of of IN 30803 144 10 using use VBG 30803 144 11 the the DT 30803 144 12 fragments fragment NNS 30803 144 13 of of IN 30803 144 14 broken broken JJ 30803 144 15 pottery pottery NN 30803 144 16 for for IN 30803 144 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 144 18 less less RBR 30803 144 19 important important JJ 30803 144 20 records record NNS 30803 144 21 . . . 30803 145 1 The the DT 30803 145 2 materials material NNS 30803 145 3 which which WDT 30803 145 4 have have VBP 30803 145 5 been be VBN 30803 145 6 most most RBS 30803 145 7 used use VBN 30803 145 8 , , , 30803 145 9 however however RB 30803 145 10 , , , 30803 145 11 have have VBP 30803 145 12 been be VBN 30803 145 13 the the DT 30803 145 14 Assyrian assyrian JJ 30803 145 15 clay clay NN 30803 145 16 tablet tablet NN 30803 145 17 , , , 30803 145 18 which which WDT 30803 145 19 has have VBZ 30803 145 20 been be VBN 30803 145 21 already already RB 30803 145 22 described describe VBN 30803 145 23 , , , 30803 145 24 papyrus papyrus JJ 30803 145 25 , , , 30803 145 26 vellum vellum NN 30803 145 27 , , , 30803 145 28 and and CC 30803 145 29 paper paper NN 30803 145 30 . . . 30803 146 1 Papyrus Papyrus NNP 30803 146 2 was be VBD 30803 146 3 made make VBN 30803 146 4 from from IN 30803 146 5 a a DT 30803 146 6 reed reed NN 30803 146 7 which which WDT 30803 146 8 grew grow VBD 30803 146 9 abundantly abundantly RB 30803 146 10 in in IN 30803 146 11 the the DT 30803 146 12 Nile Nile NNP 30803 146 13 Valley Valley NNP 30803 146 14 and and CC 30803 146 15 less less RBR 30803 146 16 abundantly abundantly RB 30803 146 17 in in IN 30803 146 18 some some DT 30803 146 19 other other JJ 30803 146 20 places place NNS 30803 146 21 . . . 30803 147 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 147 2 is be VBZ 30803 147 3 now now RB 30803 147 4 nearly nearly RB 30803 147 5 extinct extinct JJ 30803 147 6 but but CC 30803 147 7 it -PRON- PRP 30803 147 8 grows grow VBZ 30803 147 9 in in IN 30803 147 10 small small JJ 30803 147 11 quantities quantity NNS 30803 147 12 in in IN 30803 147 13 Sicily Sicily NNP 30803 147 14 , , , 30803 147 15 where where WRB 30803 147 16 papyrus papyrus NNP 30803 147 17 is be VBZ 30803 147 18 still still RB 30803 147 19 made make VBN 30803 147 20 for for IN 30803 147 21 sale sale NN 30803 147 22 to to IN 30803 147 23 tourists tourist NNS 30803 147 24 but but CC 30803 147 25 not not RB 30803 147 26 in in IN 30803 147 27 commercial commercial JJ 30803 147 28 quantities quantity NNS 30803 147 29 . . . 30803 148 1 The the DT 30803 148 2 reed reed NN 30803 148 3 was be VBD 30803 148 4 called call VBN 30803 148 5 by by IN 30803 148 6 the the DT 30803 148 7 Greeks Greeks NNPS 30803 148 8 " " '' 30803 148 9 _ _ NNP 30803 148 10 bublos bublos NNP 30803 148 11 _ _ NNP 30803 148 12 , , , 30803 148 13 " " '' 30803 148 14 or or CC 30803 148 15 " " `` 30803 148 16 _ _ NNP 30803 148 17 biblos biblos NNP 30803 148 18 _ _ NNP 30803 148 19 , , , 30803 148 20 " " `` 30803 148 21 from from IN 30803 148 22 which which WDT 30803 148 23 the the DT 30803 148 24 Greeks Greeks NNPS 30803 148 25 got get VBD 30803 148 26 the the DT 30803 148 27 word word NN 30803 148 28 _ _ NNP 30803 148 29 biblion biblion NN 30803 148 30 _ _ NNP 30803 148 31 , , , 30803 148 32 a a DT 30803 148 33 book book NN 30803 148 34 , , , 30803 148 35 and and CC 30803 148 36 we -PRON- PRP 30803 148 37 get get VBP 30803 148 38 the the DT 30803 148 39 words word NNS 30803 148 40 bible bible JJ 30803 148 41 , , , 30803 148 42 bibliography bibliography NN 30803 148 43 , , , 30803 148 44 etc etc FW 30803 148 45 . . . 30803 149 1 Papyrus Papyrus NNP 30803 149 2 was be VBD 30803 149 3 made make VBN 30803 149 4 by by IN 30803 149 5 cutting cut VBG 30803 149 6 the the DT 30803 149 7 stalk stalk NN 30803 149 8 of of IN 30803 149 9 the the DT 30803 149 10 reed reed NN 30803 149 11 lengthwise lengthwise RB 30803 149 12 into into IN 30803 149 13 very very RB 30803 149 14 thin thin JJ 30803 149 15 strips strip NNS 30803 149 16 . . . 30803 150 1 These these DT 30803 150 2 strips strip NNS 30803 150 3 were be VBD 30803 150 4 laid lay VBN 30803 150 5 side side NN 30803 150 6 by by IN 30803 150 7 side side NN 30803 150 8 on on IN 30803 150 9 a a DT 30803 150 10 board board NN 30803 150 11 until until IN 30803 150 12 the the DT 30803 150 13 desired desire VBN 30803 150 14 width width NN 30803 150 15 was be VBD 30803 150 16 obtained obtain VBN 30803 150 17 . . . 30803 151 1 Another another DT 30803 151 2 layer layer NN 30803 151 3 of of IN 30803 151 4 shorter short JJR 30803 151 5 strips strip NNS 30803 151 6 was be VBD 30803 151 7 then then RB 30803 151 8 laid lay VBN 30803 151 9 across across IN 30803 151 10 the the DT 30803 151 11 long long JJ 30803 151 12 ones one NNS 30803 151 13 entirely entirely RB 30803 151 14 covering cover VBG 30803 151 15 them -PRON- PRP 30803 151 16 . . . 30803 152 1 This this DT 30803 152 2 mat mat NN 30803 152 3 , , , 30803 152 4 or or CC 30803 152 5 " " `` 30803 152 6 net net JJ 30803 152 7 " " '' 30803 152 8 as as IN 30803 152 9 it -PRON- PRP 30803 152 10 was be VBD 30803 152 11 technically technically RB 30803 152 12 called call VBN 30803 152 13 , , , 30803 152 14 was be VBD 30803 152 15 then then RB 30803 152 16 soaked soak VBN 30803 152 17 in in IN 30803 152 18 the the DT 30803 152 19 water water NN 30803 152 20 of of IN 30803 152 21 the the DT 30803 152 22 Nile Nile NNP 30803 152 23 . . . 30803 153 1 Whether whether IN 30803 153 2 there there EX 30803 153 3 was be VBD 30803 153 4 any any DT 30803 153 5 particular particular JJ 30803 153 6 virtue virtue NN 30803 153 7 in in IN 30803 153 8 the the DT 30803 153 9 Nile Nile NNP 30803 153 10 water water NN 30803 153 11 , , , 30803 153 12 which which WDT 30803 153 13 is be VBZ 30803 153 14 always always RB 30803 153 15 more more RBR 30803 153 16 or or CC 30803 153 17 less less RBR 30803 153 18 charged charge VBN 30803 153 19 with with IN 30803 153 20 mud mud NN 30803 153 21 , , , 30803 153 22 or or CC 30803 153 23 the the DT 30803 153 24 desired desire VBN 30803 153 25 result result NN 30803 153 26 was be VBD 30803 153 27 obtained obtain VBN 30803 153 28 simply simply RB 30803 153 29 by by IN 30803 153 30 the the DT 30803 153 31 action action NN 30803 153 32 of of IN 30803 153 33 water water NN 30803 153 34 on on IN 30803 153 35 the the DT 30803 153 36 reed reed NN 30803 153 37 itself -PRON- PRP 30803 153 38 , , , 30803 153 39 is be VBZ 30803 153 40 not not RB 30803 153 41 clear clear JJ 30803 153 42 . . . 30803 154 1 After after IN 30803 154 2 the the DT 30803 154 3 soaking soaking NN 30803 154 4 was be VBD 30803 154 5 completed complete VBN 30803 154 6 , , , 30803 154 7 the the DT 30803 154 8 " " `` 30803 154 9 net net NN 30803 154 10 " " '' 30803 154 11 was be VBD 30803 154 12 dried dry VBN 30803 154 13 in in IN 30803 154 14 the the DT 30803 154 15 sun sun NN 30803 154 16 , , , 30803 154 17 hammered hammer VBN 30803 154 18 to to TO 30803 154 19 expel expel VB 30803 154 20 air air NN 30803 154 21 and and CC 30803 154 22 water water NN 30803 154 23 , , , 30803 154 24 polished polish VBN 30803 154 25 by by IN 30803 154 26 rubbing rub VBG 30803 154 27 with with IN 30803 154 28 some some DT 30803 154 29 hard hard JJ 30803 154 30 smooth smooth JJ 30803 154 31 substance substance NN 30803 154 32 , , , 30803 154 33 and and CC 30803 154 34 probably probably RB 30803 154 35 sized sized JJ 30803 154 36 , , , 30803 154 37 although although IN 30803 154 38 it -PRON- PRP 30803 154 39 is be VBZ 30803 154 40 possible possible JJ 30803 154 41 that that IN 30803 154 42 all all PDT 30803 154 43 the the DT 30803 154 44 sizing sizing NN 30803 154 45 necessary necessary JJ 30803 154 46 was be VBD 30803 154 47 provided provide VBN 30803 154 48 by by IN 30803 154 49 the the DT 30803 154 50 sap sap NN 30803 154 51 of of IN 30803 154 52 the the DT 30803 154 53 reed reed NN 30803 154 54 itself -PRON- PRP 30803 154 55 . . . 30803 155 1 The the DT 30803 155 2 sheets sheet NNS 30803 155 3 were be VBD 30803 155 4 then then RB 30803 155 5 trimmed trim VBN 30803 155 6 even even RB 30803 155 7 and and CC 30803 155 8 joined join VBN 30803 155 9 by by IN 30803 155 10 the the DT 30803 155 11 edges edge NNS 30803 155 12 into into IN 30803 155 13 a a DT 30803 155 14 long long JJ 30803 155 15 strip strip NN 30803 155 16 , , , 30803 155 17 usually usually RB 30803 155 18 of of IN 30803 155 19 about about RB 30803 155 20 twenty twenty CD 30803 155 21 sheets sheet NNS 30803 155 22 . . . 30803 156 1 This this DT 30803 156 2 was be VBD 30803 156 3 rolled roll VBN 30803 156 4 on on IN 30803 156 5 a a DT 30803 156 6 stick stick NN 30803 156 7 and and CC 30803 156 8 was be VBD 30803 156 9 then then RB 30803 156 10 ready ready JJ 30803 156 11 for for IN 30803 156 12 sale sale NN 30803 156 13 as as IN 30803 156 14 writing writing NN 30803 156 15 material material NN 30803 156 16 . . . 30803 157 1 The the DT 30803 157 2 quality quality NN 30803 157 3 of of IN 30803 157 4 the the DT 30803 157 5 papyrus papyrus NN 30803 157 6 varied vary VBD 30803 157 7 according accord VBG 30803 157 8 to to IN 30803 157 9 the the DT 30803 157 10 part part NN 30803 157 11 of of IN 30803 157 12 the the DT 30803 157 13 reed reed NN 30803 157 14 from from IN 30803 157 15 which which WDT 30803 157 16 the the DT 30803 157 17 strips strip NNS 30803 157 18 were be VBD 30803 157 19 cut cut VBN 30803 157 20 , , , 30803 157 21 and and CC 30803 157 22 it -PRON- PRP 30803 157 23 was be VBD 30803 157 24 the the DT 30803 157 25 commercial commercial JJ 30803 157 26 custom custom NN 30803 157 27 to to TO 30803 157 28 put put VB 30803 157 29 sheets sheet NNS 30803 157 30 of of IN 30803 157 31 varying vary VBG 30803 157 32 quality quality NN 30803 157 33 into into IN 30803 157 34 the the DT 30803 157 35 same same JJ 30803 157 36 strip strip NN 30803 157 37 or or CC 30803 157 38 roll roll NN 30803 157 39 . . . 30803 158 1 The the DT 30803 158 2 best good JJS 30803 158 3 sheets sheet NNS 30803 158 4 were be VBD 30803 158 5 put put VBN 30803 158 6 on on IN 30803 158 7 the the DT 30803 158 8 end end NN 30803 158 9 which which WDT 30803 158 10 would would MD 30803 158 11 come come VB 30803 158 12 on on IN 30803 158 13 the the DT 30803 158 14 outside outside NN 30803 158 15 of of IN 30803 158 16 the the DT 30803 158 17 roll roll NN 30803 158 18 , , , 30803 158 19 grading grade VBG 30803 158 20 down down RP 30803 158 21 to to IN 30803 158 22 the the DT 30803 158 23 worst bad JJS 30803 158 24 at at IN 30803 158 25 the the DT 30803 158 26 other other JJ 30803 158 27 end end NN 30803 158 28 . . . 30803 159 1 This this DT 30803 159 2 was be VBD 30803 159 3 done do VBN 30803 159 4 for for IN 30803 159 5 two two CD 30803 159 6 reasons reason NNS 30803 159 7 : : : 30803 159 8 first first RB 30803 159 9 , , , 30803 159 10 in in IN 30803 159 11 order order NN 30803 159 12 that that IN 30803 159 13 the the DT 30803 159 14 best good JJS 30803 159 15 material material NN 30803 159 16 should should MD 30803 159 17 come come VB 30803 159 18 where where WRB 30803 159 19 it -PRON- PRP 30803 159 20 would would MD 30803 159 21 receive receive VB 30803 159 22 the the DT 30803 159 23 most most JJS 30803 159 24 wear wear NN 30803 159 25 , , , 30803 159 26 and and CC 30803 159 27 secondly secondly RB 30803 159 28 in in IN 30803 159 29 order order NN 30803 159 30 that that IN 30803 159 31 in in IN 30803 159 32 case case NN 30803 159 33 the the DT 30803 159 34 roll roll NN 30803 159 35 was be VBD 30803 159 36 not not RB 30803 159 37 entirely entirely RB 30803 159 38 used use VBN 30803 159 39 the the DT 30803 159 40 waste waste NN 30803 159 41 part part NN 30803 159 42 should should MD 30803 159 43 be be VB 30803 159 44 of of IN 30803 159 45 inferior inferior JJ 30803 159 46 quality quality NN 30803 159 47 . . . 30803 160 1 Papyrus Papyrus NNP 30803 160 2 continued continue VBD 30803 160 3 to to TO 30803 160 4 be be VB 30803 160 5 used use VBN 30803 160 6 as as IN 30803 160 7 the the DT 30803 160 8 general general JJ 30803 160 9 writing writing NN 30803 160 10 material material NN 30803 160 11 of of IN 30803 160 12 the the DT 30803 160 13 civilized civilized JJ 30803 160 14 world world NN 30803 160 15 until until IN 30803 160 16 about about IN 30803 160 17 the the DT 30803 160 18 time time NN 30803 160 19 of of IN 30803 160 20 Christ Christ NNP 30803 160 21 , , , 30803 160 22 and and CC 30803 160 23 held hold VBD 30803 160 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 30803 160 25 place place NN 30803 160 26 for for IN 30803 160 27 certain certain JJ 30803 160 28 purposes purpose NNS 30803 160 29 until until IN 30803 160 30 the the DT 30803 160 31 11th 11th JJ 30803 160 32 century century NN 30803 160 33 , , , 30803 160 34 at at IN 30803 160 35 which which WDT 30803 160 36 period period NN 30803 160 37 we -PRON- PRP 30803 160 38 find find VBP 30803 160 39 it -PRON- PRP 30803 160 40 still still RB 30803 160 41 used use VBN 30803 160 42 for for IN 30803 160 43 Papal Papal NNP 30803 160 44 Bulls Bulls NNPS 30803 160 45 and and CC 30803 160 46 other other JJ 30803 160 47 important important JJ 30803 160 48 documents document NNS 30803 160 49 . . . 30803 161 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 161 2 was be VBD 30803 161 3 revived revive VBN 30803 161 4 in in IN 30803 161 5 Egypt Egypt NNP 30803 161 6 by by IN 30803 161 7 the the DT 30803 161 8 Copts Copts NNPS 30803 161 9 , , , 30803 161 10 as as IN 30803 161 11 the the DT 30803 161 12 people people NNS 30803 161 13 of of IN 30803 161 14 Egypt Egypt NNP 30803 161 15 were be VBD 30803 161 16 then then RB 30803 161 17 called call VBN 30803 161 18 , , , 30803 161 19 in in IN 30803 161 20 the the DT 30803 161 21 7th 7th JJ 30803 161 22 century century NN 30803 161 23 and and CC 30803 161 24 was be VBD 30803 161 25 used use VBN 30803 161 26 by by IN 30803 161 27 them -PRON- PRP 30803 161 28 extensively extensively RB 30803 161 29 until until IN 30803 161 30 the the DT 30803 161 31 middle middle NN 30803 161 32 of of IN 30803 161 33 the the DT 30803 161 34 13th 13th NN 30803 161 35 . . . 30803 162 1 [ [ -LRB- 30803 162 2 Illustration illustration NN 30803 162 3 : : : 30803 162 4 Parchment parchment NN 30803 162 5 - - HYPH 30803 162 6 roll roll NN 30803 162 7 , , , 30803 162 8 or or CC 30803 162 9 volumen voluman NNS 30803 162 10 . . . 30803 163 1 ( ( -LRB- 30803 163 2 Our -PRON- PRP$ 30803 163 3 word word NN 30803 163 4 volume volume NN 30803 163 5 comes come VBZ 30803 163 6 from from IN 30803 163 7 volumen voluman NNS 30803 163 8 . . . 30803 163 9 ) ) -RRB- 30803 163 10 ] ] -RRB- 30803 164 1 From from IN 30803 164 2 very very RB 30803 164 3 early early JJ 30803 164 4 ages age NNS 30803 164 5 , , , 30803 164 6 leather leather NN 30803 164 7 was be VBD 30803 164 8 more more RBR 30803 164 9 or or CC 30803 164 10 less less RBR 30803 164 11 used use VBN 30803 164 12 as as IN 30803 164 13 writing writing NN 30803 164 14 material material NN 30803 164 15 , , , 30803 164 16 but but CC 30803 164 17 in in IN 30803 164 18 the the DT 30803 164 19 2nd 2nd JJ 30803 164 20 century century NN 30803 164 21 B.C. 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NNP 30803 164 22 , , , 30803 164 23 owing owing NN 30803 164 24 , , , 30803 164 25 it -PRON- PRP 30803 164 26 is be VBZ 30803 164 27 said say VBN 30803 164 28 , , , 30803 164 29 to to IN 30803 164 30 the the DT 30803 164 31 scarcity scarcity NN 30803 164 32 and and CC 30803 164 33 high high JJ 30803 164 34 price price NN 30803 164 35 of of IN 30803 164 36 papyrus papyru NNS 30803 164 37 , , , 30803 164 38 Eumenes Eumenes NNP 30803 164 39 II II NNP 30803 164 40 , , , 30803 164 41 King King NNP 30803 164 42 of of IN 30803 164 43 Pergamus Pergamus NNP 30803 164 44 , , , 30803 164 45 a a DT 30803 164 46 city city NN 30803 164 47 of of IN 30803 164 48 Asia Asia NNP 30803 164 49 Minor Minor NNP 30803 164 50 , , , 30803 164 51 invented invent VBD 30803 164 52 or or CC 30803 164 53 caused cause VBN 30803 164 54 to to TO 30803 164 55 be be VB 30803 164 56 invented invent VBN 30803 164 57 , , , 30803 164 58 a a DT 30803 164 59 writing writing NN 30803 164 60 material material NN 30803 164 61 made make VBN 30803 164 62 of of IN 30803 164 63 dressed dressed JJ 30803 164 64 skins skin NNS 30803 164 65 . . . 30803 165 1 These these DT 30803 165 2 skins skin NNS 30803 165 3 were be VBD 30803 165 4 not not RB 30803 165 5 tanned tan VBN 30803 165 6 but but CC 30803 165 7 were be VBD 30803 165 8 dressed dress VBN 30803 165 9 by by IN 30803 165 10 another another DT 30803 165 11 method method NN 30803 165 12 which which WDT 30803 165 13 left leave VBD 30803 165 14 them -PRON- PRP 30803 165 15 flexible flexible JJ 30803 165 16 but but CC 30803 165 17 gave give VBD 30803 165 18 them -PRON- PRP 30803 165 19 a a DT 30803 165 20 smooth smooth JJ 30803 165 21 hard hard JJ 30803 165 22 surface surface NN 30803 165 23 which which WDT 30803 165 24 could could MD 30803 165 25 be be VB 30803 165 26 easily easily RB 30803 165 27 written write VBN 30803 165 28 on on RP 30803 165 29 . . . 30803 166 1 This this DT 30803 166 2 material material NN 30803 166 3 was be VBD 30803 166 4 called call VBN 30803 166 5 , , , 30803 166 6 from from IN 30803 166 7 the the DT 30803 166 8 name name NN 30803 166 9 of of IN 30803 166 10 the the DT 30803 166 11 city city NN 30803 166 12 , , , 30803 166 13 _ _ NNP 30803 166 14 pergamena pergamena NN 30803 166 15 _ _ NNP 30803 166 16 , , , 30803 166 17 from from IN 30803 166 18 which which WDT 30803 166 19 we -PRON- PRP 30803 166 20 get get VBP 30803 166 21 our -PRON- PRP$ 30803 166 22 " " `` 30803 166 23 parchment parchment NN 30803 166 24 . . . 30803 166 25 " " '' 30803 167 1 This this DT 30803 167 2 term term NN 30803 167 3 is be VBZ 30803 167 4 now now RB 30803 167 5 practically practically RB 30803 167 6 reserved reserve VBN 30803 167 7 for for IN 30803 167 8 sheepskins sheepskin NNS 30803 167 9 which which WDT 30803 167 10 are be VBP 30803 167 11 harder hard JJR 30803 167 12 than than IN 30803 167 13 other other JJ 30803 167 14 skins skin NNS 30803 167 15 used use VBN 30803 167 16 for for IN 30803 167 17 the the DT 30803 167 18 purpose purpose NN 30803 167 19 . . . 30803 168 1 Parchment Parchment NNP 30803 168 2 was be VBD 30803 168 3 long long RB 30803 168 4 used use VBN 30803 168 5 for for IN 30803 168 6 legal legal JJ 30803 168 7 documents document NNS 30803 168 8 and and CC 30803 168 9 is be VBZ 30803 168 10 still still RB 30803 168 11 used use VBN 30803 168 12 for for IN 30803 168 13 college college NN 30803 168 14 diplomas diploma NNS 30803 168 15 and and CC 30803 168 16 other other JJ 30803 168 17 similar similar JJ 30803 168 18 purposes purpose NNS 30803 168 19 . . . 30803 169 1 The the DT 30803 169 2 general general JJ 30803 169 3 term term NN 30803 169 4 , , , 30803 169 5 however however RB 30803 169 6 , , , 30803 169 7 for for IN 30803 169 8 this this DT 30803 169 9 type type NN 30803 169 10 of of IN 30803 169 11 writing writing NN 30803 169 12 material material NN 30803 169 13 , , , 30803 169 14 which which WDT 30803 169 15 was be VBD 30803 169 16 made make VBN 30803 169 17 from from IN 30803 169 18 a a DT 30803 169 19 variety variety NN 30803 169 20 of of IN 30803 169 21 skins skin NNS 30803 169 22 , , , 30803 169 23 is be VBZ 30803 169 24 vellum vellum NN 30803 169 25 . . . 30803 170 1 Vellum Vellum NNP 30803 170 2 , , , 30803 170 3 of of IN 30803 170 4 course course NN 30803 170 5 , , , 30803 170 6 came come VBD 30803 170 7 in in IN 30803 170 8 sheets sheet NNS 30803 170 9 , , , 30803 170 10 and and CC 30803 170 11 while while IN 30803 170 12 a a DT 30803 170 13 single single JJ 30803 170 14 sheet sheet NN 30803 170 15 might may MD 30803 170 16 be be VB 30803 170 17 rolled roll VBN 30803 170 18 as as IN 30803 170 19 diplomas diploma NNS 30803 170 20 are be VBP 30803 170 21 to to IN 30803 170 22 this this DT 30803 170 23 day day NN 30803 170 24 rolled roll VBD 30803 170 25 for for IN 30803 170 26 delivery delivery NN 30803 170 27 , , , 30803 170 28 it -PRON- PRP 30803 170 29 was be VBD 30803 170 30 ordinarily ordinarily RB 30803 170 31 used use VBN 30803 170 32 in in IN 30803 170 33 the the DT 30803 170 34 sheet sheet NN 30803 170 35 form form NN 30803 170 36 and and CC 30803 170 37 played play VBD 30803 170 38 an an DT 30803 170 39 important important JJ 30803 170 40 part part NN 30803 170 41 in in IN 30803 170 42 the the DT 30803 170 43 development development NN 30803 170 44 of of IN 30803 170 45 the the DT 30803 170 46 book book NN 30803 170 47 . . . 30803 171 1 In in IN 30803 171 2 the the DT 30803 171 3 manufacture manufacture NN 30803 171 4 of of IN 30803 171 5 vellum vellum NN 30803 171 6 the the DT 30803 171 7 skins skin NNS 30803 171 8 of of IN 30803 171 9 a a DT 30803 171 10 variety variety NN 30803 171 11 of of IN 30803 171 12 the the DT 30803 171 13 smaller small JJR 30803 171 14 animals animal NNS 30803 171 15 were be VBD 30803 171 16 used use VBN 30803 171 17 . . . 30803 172 1 For for IN 30803 172 2 example example NN 30803 172 3 , , , 30803 172 4 the the DT 30803 172 5 famous famous JJ 30803 172 6 Alexandrian alexandrian JJ 30803 172 7 codex codex NN 30803 172 8 , , , 30803 172 9 one one CD 30803 172 10 of of IN 30803 172 11 the the DT 30803 172 12 oldest old JJS 30803 172 13 known know VBN 30803 172 14 copies copy NNS 30803 172 15 of of IN 30803 172 16 the the DT 30803 172 17 Bible Bible NNP 30803 172 18 , , , 30803 172 19 is be VBZ 30803 172 20 written write VBN 30803 172 21 on on IN 30803 172 22 antelope antelope NNP 30803 172 23 skin skin NN 30803 172 24 . . . 30803 173 1 The the DT 30803 173 2 skin skin NN 30803 173 3 was be VBD 30803 173 4 first first RB 30803 173 5 carefully carefully RB 30803 173 6 cleaned clean VBN 30803 173 7 and and CC 30803 173 8 the the DT 30803 173 9 hair hair NN 30803 173 10 removed remove VBN 30803 173 11 by by IN 30803 173 12 soaking soak VBG 30803 173 13 in in IN 30803 173 14 a a DT 30803 173 15 solution solution NN 30803 173 16 of of IN 30803 173 17 lye lye NNP 30803 173 18 . . . 30803 174 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 174 2 was be VBD 30803 174 3 then then RB 30803 174 4 thoroughly thoroughly RB 30803 174 5 scraped scrape VBN 30803 174 6 with with IN 30803 174 7 a a DT 30803 174 8 knife knife NN 30803 174 9 to to TO 30803 174 10 remove remove VB 30803 174 11 all all DT 30803 174 12 fatty fatty NN 30803 174 13 or or CC 30803 174 14 soft soft JJ 30803 174 15 parts part NNS 30803 174 16 . . . 30803 175 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 175 2 was be VBD 30803 175 3 then then RB 30803 175 4 rubbed rub VBN 30803 175 5 down down RP 30803 175 6 with with IN 30803 175 7 pumice pumice NN 30803 175 8 stone stone NN 30803 175 9 . . . 30803 176 1 Finally finally RB 30803 176 2 it -PRON- PRP 30803 176 3 was be VBD 30803 176 4 polished polish VBN 30803 176 5 with with IN 30803 176 6 agate agate NN 30803 176 7 . . . 30803 177 1 Paper paper NN 30803 177 2 is be VBZ 30803 177 3 said say VBN 30803 177 4 to to TO 30803 177 5 have have VB 30803 177 6 been be VBN 30803 177 7 invented invent VBN 30803 177 8 by by IN 30803 177 9 the the DT 30803 177 10 Chinese Chinese NNPS 30803 177 11 at at IN 30803 177 12 an an DT 30803 177 13 unknown unknown JJ 30803 177 14 but but CC 30803 177 15 very very RB 30803 177 16 early early JJ 30803 177 17 date date NN 30803 177 18 . . . 30803 178 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 178 2 was be VBD 30803 178 3 introduced introduce VBN 30803 178 4 to to IN 30803 178 5 Europe Europe NNP 30803 178 6 by by IN 30803 178 7 the the DT 30803 178 8 Arabs Arabs NNPS 30803 178 9 about about IN 30803 178 10 the the DT 30803 178 11 10th 10th JJ 30803 178 12 century century NN 30803 178 13 A.D. A.D. NNP 30803 179 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 179 2 was be VBD 30803 179 3 made make VBN 30803 179 4 of of IN 30803 179 5 linen linen NN 30803 179 6 or or CC 30803 179 7 rags rag NNS 30803 179 8 and and CC 30803 179 9 did do VBD 30803 179 10 not not RB 30803 179 11 vary vary VB 30803 179 12 greatly greatly RB 30803 179 13 from from IN 30803 179 14 the the DT 30803 179 15 rag rag NN 30803 179 16 paper paper NN 30803 179 17 of of IN 30803 179 18 to to IN 30803 179 19 - - HYPH 30803 179 20 day day NN 30803 179 21 . . . 30803 180 1 As as IN 30803 180 2 the the DT 30803 180 3 process process NN 30803 180 4 of of IN 30803 180 5 manufacture manufacture NN 30803 180 6 is be VBZ 30803 180 7 fully fully RB 30803 180 8 described describe VBN 30803 180 9 in in IN 30803 180 10 the the DT 30803 180 11 book book NN 30803 180 12 on on IN 30803 180 13 paper paper NN 30803 180 14 ( ( -LRB- 30803 180 15 No no UH 30803 180 16 . . . 30803 181 1 13 13 CD 30803 181 2 ) ) -RRB- 30803 181 3 of of IN 30803 181 4 this this DT 30803 181 5 series series NN 30803 181 6 , , , 30803 181 7 description description NN 30803 181 8 is be VBZ 30803 181 9 not not RB 30803 181 10 necessary necessary JJ 30803 181 11 here here RB 30803 181 12 . . . 30803 182 1 Paper paper NN 30803 182 2 was be VBD 30803 182 3 not not RB 30803 182 4 much much RB 30803 182 5 used use VBN 30803 182 6 in in IN 30803 182 7 Europe Europe NNP 30803 182 8 until until IN 30803 182 9 the the DT 30803 182 10 invention invention NN 30803 182 11 of of IN 30803 182 12 printing printing NN 30803 182 13 . . . 30803 183 1 Being be VBG 30803 183 2 much much RB 30803 183 3 less less RBR 30803 183 4 substantial substantial JJ 30803 183 5 than than IN 30803 183 6 vellum vellum NN 30803 183 7 it -PRON- PRP 30803 183 8 did do VBD 30803 183 9 not not RB 30803 183 10 commend commend VB 30803 183 11 itself -PRON- PRP 30803 183 12 for for IN 30803 183 13 the the DT 30803 183 14 making making NN 30803 183 15 of of IN 30803 183 16 manuscript manuscript NN 30803 183 17 books book NNS 30803 183 18 . . . 30803 184 1 Paper paper NN 30803 184 2 was be VBD 30803 184 3 , , , 30803 184 4 however however RB 30803 184 5 , , , 30803 184 6 immediately immediately RB 30803 184 7 found find VBD 30803 184 8 to to TO 30803 184 9 be be VB 30803 184 10 much much RB 30803 184 11 better well RBR 30803 184 12 suited suit VBN 30803 184 13 to to IN 30803 184 14 printing print VBG 30803 184 15 than than IN 30803 184 16 any any DT 30803 184 17 other other JJ 30803 184 18 material material NN 30803 184 19 , , , 30803 184 20 and and CC 30803 184 21 with with IN 30803 184 22 the the DT 30803 184 23 advent advent NN 30803 184 24 of of IN 30803 184 25 the the DT 30803 184 26 printed print VBN 30803 184 27 book book NN 30803 184 28 it -PRON- PRP 30803 184 29 very very RB 30803 184 30 quickly quickly RB 30803 184 31 drove drive VBD 30803 184 32 other other JJ 30803 184 33 writing writing NN 30803 184 34 materials material NNS 30803 184 35 out out IN 30803 184 36 of of IN 30803 184 37 common common JJ 30803 184 38 use use NN 30803 184 39 . . . 30803 185 1 Owing owe VBG 30803 185 2 to to IN 30803 185 3 its -PRON- PRP$ 30803 185 4 having have VBG 30803 185 5 some some DT 30803 185 6 resemblance resemblance NN 30803 185 7 to to IN 30803 185 8 papyrus papyrus NNP 30803 185 9 it -PRON- PRP 30803 185 10 was be VBD 30803 185 11 given give VBN 30803 185 12 the the DT 30803 185 13 old old JJ 30803 185 14 name name NN 30803 185 15 , , , 30803 185 16 the the DT 30803 185 17 word word NN 30803 185 18 paper paper NN 30803 185 19 being be VBG 30803 185 20 derived derive VBN 30803 185 21 from from IN 30803 185 22 papyrus papyrus NNP 30803 185 23 . . . 30803 186 1 Late late RB 30803 186 2 in in IN 30803 186 3 the the DT 30803 186 4 19th 19th JJ 30803 186 5 century century NN 30803 186 6 a a DT 30803 186 7 new new JJ 30803 186 8 writing writing NN 30803 186 9 material material NN 30803 186 10 made make VBN 30803 186 11 of of IN 30803 186 12 wood wood NN 30803 186 13 or or CC 30803 186 14 other other JJ 30803 186 15 flexible flexible JJ 30803 186 16 fibre fibre NN 30803 186 17 treated treat VBN 30803 186 18 with with IN 30803 186 19 chemicals chemical NNS 30803 186 20 and and CC 30803 186 21 loaded load VBN 30803 186 22 with with IN 30803 186 23 clay clay NN 30803 186 24 was be VBD 30803 186 25 invented invent VBN 30803 186 26 , , , 30803 186 27 to to TO 30803 186 28 which which WDT 30803 186 29 we -PRON- PRP 30803 186 30 also also RB 30803 186 31 give give VBP 30803 186 32 the the DT 30803 186 33 name name NN 30803 186 34 paper paper NN 30803 186 35 . . . 30803 187 1 This this DT 30803 187 2 new new JJ 30803 187 3 material material NN 30803 187 4 has have VBZ 30803 187 5 almost almost RB 30803 187 6 entirely entirely RB 30803 187 7 driven drive VBN 30803 187 8 the the DT 30803 187 9 old old JJ 30803 187 10 rag rag NN 30803 187 11 paper paper NN 30803 187 12 out out IN 30803 187 13 of of IN 30803 187 14 the the DT 30803 187 15 field field NN 30803 187 16 and and CC 30803 187 17 is be VBZ 30803 187 18 now now RB 30803 187 19 the the DT 30803 187 20 paper paper NN 30803 187 21 of of IN 30803 187 22 commerce commerce NN 30803 187 23 . . . 30803 188 1 Much much JJ 30803 188 2 of of IN 30803 188 3 this this DT 30803 188 4 material material NN 30803 188 5 is be VBZ 30803 188 6 far far RB 30803 188 7 inferior inferior JJ 30803 188 8 to to TO 30803 188 9 rag rag VB 30803 188 10 paper paper NN 30803 188 11 . . . 30803 189 1 The the DT 30803 189 2 inferior inferior JJ 30803 189 3 qualities quality NNS 30803 189 4 of of IN 30803 189 5 it -PRON- PRP 30803 189 6 , , , 30803 189 7 at at IN 30803 189 8 any any DT 30803 189 9 rate rate NN 30803 189 10 , , , 30803 189 11 lack lack NN 30803 189 12 durability durability NN 30803 189 13 even even RB 30803 189 14 when when WRB 30803 189 15 not not RB 30803 189 16 exposed expose VBN 30803 189 17 to to TO 30803 189 18 wear wear VB 30803 189 19 . . . 30803 190 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 190 2 is be VBZ 30803 190 3 good good JJ 30803 190 4 enough enough RB 30803 190 5 for for IN 30803 190 6 the the DT 30803 190 7 great great JJ 30803 190 8 number number NN 30803 190 9 of of IN 30803 190 10 uses use NNS 30803 190 11 where where WRB 30803 190 12 permanence permanence NN 30803 190 13 is be VBZ 30803 190 14 not not RB 30803 190 15 required require VBN 30803 190 16 . . . 30803 191 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 191 2 should should MD 30803 191 3 only only RB 30803 191 4 be be VB 30803 191 5 used use VBN 30803 191 6 for for IN 30803 191 7 books book NNS 30803 191 8 of of IN 30803 191 9 permanent permanent JJ 30803 191 10 value value NN 30803 191 11 , , , 30803 191 12 especially especially RB 30803 191 13 for for IN 30803 191 14 records record NNS 30803 191 15 and and CC 30803 191 16 historical historical JJ 30803 191 17 material material NN 30803 191 18 , , , 30803 191 19 when when WRB 30803 191 20 there there EX 30803 191 21 can can MD 30803 191 22 be be VB 30803 191 23 no no DT 30803 191 24 doubt doubt NN 30803 191 25 of of IN 30803 191 26 the the DT 30803 191 27 care care NN 30803 191 28 used use VBN 30803 191 29 in in IN 30803 191 30 the the DT 30803 191 31 manufacture manufacture NN 30803 191 32 and and CC 30803 191 33 the the DT 30803 191 34 quality quality NN 30803 191 35 of of IN 30803 191 36 the the DT 30803 191 37 fibre fibre NN 30803 191 38 employed employ VBN 30803 191 39 . . . 30803 192 1 A a DT 30803 192 2 15th 15th JJ 30803 192 3 - - HYPH 30803 192 4 century century NN 30803 192 5 book book NN 30803 192 6 on on IN 30803 192 7 rag rag NN 30803 192 8 paper paper NN 30803 192 9 is be VBZ 30803 192 10 as as RB 30803 192 11 good good JJ 30803 192 12 to to IN 30803 192 13 - - HYPH 30803 192 14 day day NN 30803 192 15 as as IN 30803 192 16 the the DT 30803 192 17 day day NN 30803 192 18 it -PRON- PRP 30803 192 19 was be VBD 30803 192 20 printed print VBN 30803 192 21 . . . 30803 193 1 Most Most JJS 30803 193 2 of of IN 30803 193 3 the the DT 30803 193 4 paper paper NN 30803 193 5 now now RB 30803 193 6 in in IN 30803 193 7 use use NN 30803 193 8 possesses possess VBZ 30803 193 9 no no DT 30803 193 10 such such JJ 30803 193 11 lasting lasting JJ 30803 193 12 qualities quality NNS 30803 193 13 . . . 30803 194 1 In in IN 30803 194 2 addition addition NN 30803 194 3 to to IN 30803 194 4 these these DT 30803 194 5 three three CD 30803 194 6 leading leading JJ 30803 194 7 materials material NNS 30803 194 8 , , , 30803 194 9 much much JJ 30803 194 10 use use NN 30803 194 11 has have VBZ 30803 194 12 been be VBN 30803 194 13 made make VBN 30803 194 14 of of IN 30803 194 15 tablets tablet NNS 30803 194 16 ( ( -LRB- 30803 194 17 Latin Latin NNP 30803 194 18 _ _ NNP 30803 194 19 tabella tabella NN 30803 194 20 _ _ NNP 30803 194 21 ) ) -RRB- 30803 194 22 . . . 30803 195 1 The the DT 30803 195 2 commonest common JJS 30803 195 3 form form NN 30803 195 4 of of IN 30803 195 5 tablet tablet NN 30803 195 6 was be VBD 30803 195 7 a a DT 30803 195 8 thin thin JJ 30803 195 9 board board NN 30803 195 10 with with IN 30803 195 11 one one CD 30803 195 12 or or CC 30803 195 13 both both DT 30803 195 14 sides side NNS 30803 195 15 slightly slightly RB 30803 195 16 cut cut VBD 30803 195 17 away away RB 30803 195 18 in in IN 30803 195 19 such such PDT 30803 195 20 a a DT 30803 195 21 way way NN 30803 195 22 as as IN 30803 195 23 to to TO 30803 195 24 leave leave VB 30803 195 25 a a DT 30803 195 26 narrow narrow JJ 30803 195 27 rim rim NN 30803 195 28 all all RB 30803 195 29 around around RB 30803 195 30 . . . 30803 196 1 The the DT 30803 196 2 shallow shallow JJ 30803 196 3 depression depression NN 30803 196 4 inside inside IN 30803 196 5 this this DT 30803 196 6 rim rim NN 30803 196 7 was be VBD 30803 196 8 then then RB 30803 196 9 filled fill VBN 30803 196 10 with with IN 30803 196 11 wax wax NN 30803 196 12 sufficiently sufficiently RB 30803 196 13 stiff stiff JJ 30803 196 14 to to TO 30803 196 15 hold hold VB 30803 196 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 30803 196 17 position position NN 30803 196 18 in in IN 30803 196 19 ordinary ordinary JJ 30803 196 20 temperatures temperature NNS 30803 196 21 but but CC 30803 196 22 sufficiently sufficiently RB 30803 196 23 soft soft JJ 30803 196 24 to to TO 30803 196 25 be be VB 30803 196 26 easily easily RB 30803 196 27 marked mark VBN 30803 196 28 with with IN 30803 196 29 a a DT 30803 196 30 sharp sharp JJ 30803 196 31 instrument instrument NN 30803 196 32 called call VBN 30803 196 33 a a DT 30803 196 34 stylus stylus NN 30803 196 35 . . . 30803 197 1 The the DT 30803 197 2 writing writing NN 30803 197 3 could could MD 30803 197 4 be be VB 30803 197 5 easily easily RB 30803 197 6 erased erase VBN 30803 197 7 by by IN 30803 197 8 rubbing rub VBG 30803 197 9 with with IN 30803 197 10 a a DT 30803 197 11 hard hard JJ 30803 197 12 smooth smooth JJ 30803 197 13 object object NN 30803 197 14 , , , 30803 197 15 perhaps perhaps RB 30803 197 16 a a DT 30803 197 17 ball ball NN 30803 197 18 at at IN 30803 197 19 the the DT 30803 197 20 reverse reverse JJ 30803 197 21 end end NN 30803 197 22 of of IN 30803 197 23 the the DT 30803 197 24 stylus stylus NN 30803 197 25 , , , 30803 197 26 and and CC 30803 197 27 the the DT 30803 197 28 wax wax NN 30803 197 29 was be VBD 30803 197 30 then then RB 30803 197 31 ready ready JJ 30803 197 32 for for IN 30803 197 33 another another DT 30803 197 34 impression impression NN 30803 197 35 . . . 30803 198 1 Sometimes sometimes RB 30803 198 2 these these DT 30803 198 3 tablets tablet NNS 30803 198 4 were be VBD 30803 198 5 made make VBN 30803 198 6 of of IN 30803 198 7 wood wood NN 30803 198 8 covered cover VBN 30803 198 9 with with IN 30803 198 10 paint paint NN 30803 198 11 or or CC 30803 198 12 a a DT 30803 198 13 composition composition NN 30803 198 14 from from IN 30803 198 15 which which WDT 30803 198 16 the the DT 30803 198 17 writing writing NN 30803 198 18 could could MD 30803 198 19 be be VB 30803 198 20 easily easily RB 30803 198 21 washed wash VBN 30803 198 22 off off RP 30803 198 23 . . . 30803 199 1 This this DT 30803 199 2 was be VBD 30803 199 3 the the DT 30803 199 4 prototype prototype NN 30803 199 5 of of IN 30803 199 6 the the DT 30803 199 7 schoolboy schoolboy NN 30803 199 8 's 's POS 30803 199 9 slate slate NN 30803 199 10 of of IN 30803 199 11 to to IN 30803 199 12 - - HYPH 30803 199 13 day day NN 30803 199 14 and and CC 30803 199 15 was be VBD 30803 199 16 used use VBN 30803 199 17 for for IN 30803 199 18 the the DT 30803 199 19 same same JJ 30803 199 20 purpose purpose NN 30803 199 21 . . . 30803 200 1 While while IN 30803 200 2 tablets tablet NNS 30803 200 3 were be VBD 30803 200 4 ordinarily ordinarily RB 30803 200 5 used use VBN 30803 200 6 for for IN 30803 200 7 writing writing NN 30803 200 8 of of IN 30803 200 9 a a DT 30803 200 10 purely purely RB 30803 200 11 temporary temporary JJ 30803 200 12 nature nature NN 30803 200 13 , , , 30803 200 14 they -PRON- PRP 30803 200 15 were be VBD 30803 200 16 occasionally occasionally RB 30803 200 17 used use VBN 30803 200 18 for for IN 30803 200 19 permanent permanent JJ 30803 200 20 records record NNS 30803 200 21 and and CC 30803 200 22 especially especially RB 30803 200 23 for for IN 30803 200 24 correspondence correspondence NN 30803 200 25 . . . 30803 201 1 Two two CD 30803 201 2 or or CC 30803 201 3 more more JJR 30803 201 4 tablets tablet NNS 30803 201 5 could could MD 30803 201 6 be be VB 30803 201 7 put put VBN 30803 201 8 together together RB 30803 201 9 with with IN 30803 201 10 the the DT 30803 201 11 wooden wooden JJ 30803 201 12 sides side NNS 30803 201 13 out out RB 30803 201 14 , , , 30803 201 15 bound bind VBN 30803 201 16 , , , 30803 201 17 and and CC 30803 201 18 sealed seal VBN 30803 201 19 . . . 30803 202 1 In in IN 30803 202 2 this this DT 30803 202 3 way way NN 30803 202 4 the the DT 30803 202 5 writing writing NN 30803 202 6 was be VBD 30803 202 7 secure secure JJ 30803 202 8 from from IN 30803 202 9 observation observation NN 30803 202 10 or or CC 30803 202 11 interference interference NN 30803 202 12 and and CC 30803 202 13 the the DT 30803 202 14 tablets tablet NNS 30803 202 15 were be VBD 30803 202 16 less less RBR 30803 202 17 liable liable JJ 30803 202 18 to to IN 30803 202 19 injury injury NN 30803 202 20 than than IN 30803 202 21 papyrus papyrus NN 30803 202 22 or or CC 30803 202 23 vellum vellum NN 30803 202 24 . . . 30803 203 1 Tablets tablet NNS 30803 203 2 were be VBD 30803 203 3 used use VBN 30803 203 4 at at IN 30803 203 5 a a DT 30803 203 6 very very RB 30803 203 7 early early JJ 30803 203 8 period period NN 30803 203 9 and and CC 30803 203 10 continued continue VBD 30803 203 11 to to TO 30803 203 12 be be VB 30803 203 13 used use VBN 30803 203 14 , , , 30803 203 15 especially especially RB 30803 203 16 for for IN 30803 203 17 correspondence correspondence NN 30803 203 18 , , , 30803 203 19 all all RB 30803 203 20 through through IN 30803 203 21 the the DT 30803 203 22 middle middle JJ 30803 203 23 ages age NNS 30803 203 24 and and CC 30803 203 25 into into IN 30803 203 26 the the DT 30803 203 27 16th 16th JJ 30803 203 28 century century NN 30803 203 29 . . . 30803 204 1 Sometimes sometimes RB 30803 204 2 a a DT 30803 204 3 considerable considerable JJ 30803 204 4 number number NN 30803 204 5 of of IN 30803 204 6 them -PRON- PRP 30803 204 7 would would MD 30803 204 8 be be VB 30803 204 9 fastened fasten VBN 30803 204 10 with with IN 30803 204 11 thongs thong NNS 30803 204 12 by by IN 30803 204 13 one one CD 30803 204 14 edge edge NN 30803 204 15 so so IN 30803 204 16 as as IN 30803 204 17 to to TO 30803 204 18 form form VB 30803 204 19 a a DT 30803 204 20 continuous continuous JJ 30803 204 21 document document NN 30803 204 22 which which WDT 30803 204 23 was be VBD 30803 204 24 one one CD 30803 204 25 of of IN 30803 204 26 the the DT 30803 204 27 precursors precursor NNS 30803 204 28 of of IN 30803 204 29 the the DT 30803 204 30 modern modern JJ 30803 204 31 book book NN 30803 204 32 . . . 30803 205 1 The the DT 30803 205 2 British British NNP 30803 205 3 Museum Museum NNP 30803 205 4 has have VBZ 30803 205 5 a a DT 30803 205 6 document document NN 30803 205 7 of of IN 30803 205 8 this this DT 30803 205 9 sort sort NN 30803 205 10 consisting consist VBG 30803 205 11 of of IN 30803 205 12 nine nine CD 30803 205 13 leaves leave NNS 30803 205 14 about about RB 30803 205 15 7 7 CD 30803 205 16 x x SYM 30803 205 17 9 9 CD 30803 205 18 inches inch NNS 30803 205 19 . . . 30803 206 1 The the DT 30803 206 2 writing writing NN 30803 206 3 on on IN 30803 206 4 it -PRON- PRP 30803 206 5 is be VBZ 30803 206 6 in in IN 30803 206 7 shorthand shorthand NN 30803 206 8 , , , 30803 206 9 which which WDT 30803 206 10 is be VBZ 30803 206 11 by by IN 30803 206 12 no no DT 30803 206 13 means means NN 30803 206 14 a a DT 30803 206 15 modern modern JJ 30803 206 16 contrivance contrivance NN 30803 206 17 . . . 30803 207 1 This this DT 30803 207 2 particular particular JJ 30803 207 3 document document NN 30803 207 4 is be VBZ 30803 207 5 of of IN 30803 207 6 Greek greek JJ 30803 207 7 origin origin NN 30803 207 8 and and CC 30803 207 9 dates date VBZ 30803 207 10 from from IN 30803 207 11 about about IN 30803 207 12 the the DT 30803 207 13 3d 3d NNP 30803 207 14 century century NN 30803 207 15 A.D. A.D. NNP 30803 208 1 The the DT 30803 208 2 ancient ancient JJ 30803 208 3 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 30803 208 4 , , , 30803 208 5 Chinese Chinese NNPS 30803 208 6 , , , 30803 208 7 and and CC 30803 208 8 other other JJ 30803 208 9 peoples people NNS 30803 208 10 of of IN 30803 208 11 remote remote JJ 30803 208 12 antiquity antiquity NN 30803 208 13 used use VBD 30803 208 14 inks ink NNS 30803 208 15 made make VBN 30803 208 16 of of IN 30803 208 17 charcoal charcoal NN 30803 208 18 or or CC 30803 208 19 soot soot NN 30803 208 20 mixed mix VBN 30803 208 21 with with IN 30803 208 22 gum gum NN 30803 208 23 , , , 30803 208 24 glue glue NN 30803 208 25 , , , 30803 208 26 or or CC 30803 208 27 varnish varnish JJ 30803 208 28 . . . 30803 209 1 Similar similar JJ 30803 209 2 compositions composition NNS 30803 209 3 were be VBD 30803 209 4 used use VBN 30803 209 5 to to IN 30803 209 6 a a DT 30803 209 7 late late JJ 30803 209 8 date date NN 30803 209 9 . . . 30803 210 1 The the DT 30803 210 2 Romans Romans NNPS 30803 210 3 made make VBD 30803 210 4 extensive extensive JJ 30803 210 5 use use NN 30803 210 6 of of IN 30803 210 7 sepia sepia NNP 30803 210 8 , , , 30803 210 9 the the DT 30803 210 10 coloring color VBG 30803 210 11 substance substance NN 30803 210 12 obtained obtain VBN 30803 210 13 from from IN 30803 210 14 the the DT 30803 210 15 cuttlefish cuttlefish NN 30803 210 16 . . . 30803 211 1 Irongall irongall JJ 30803 211 2 inks ink NNS 30803 211 3 , , , 30803 211 4 inks ink NNS 30803 211 5 that that WDT 30803 211 6 consist consist VBP 30803 211 7 of of IN 30803 211 8 an an DT 30803 211 9 iron iron NN 30803 211 10 salt salt NN 30803 211 11 and and CC 30803 211 12 tannin tannin NN 30803 211 13 , , , 30803 211 14 were be VBD 30803 211 15 invented invent VBN 30803 211 16 by by IN 30803 211 17 an an DT 30803 211 18 11th 11th JJ 30803 211 19 century century NN 30803 211 20 monk monk NN 30803 211 21 named name VBN 30803 211 22 Theophilus Theophilus NNP 30803 211 23 . . . 30803 212 1 Of of RB 30803 212 2 course course RB 30803 212 3 these these DT 30803 212 4 inks ink NNS 30803 212 5 were be VBD 30803 212 6 mixed mix VBN 30803 212 7 with with IN 30803 212 8 coloring color VBG 30803 212 9 matter matter NN 30803 212 10 , , , 30803 212 11 and and CC 30803 212 12 other other JJ 30803 212 13 paints paint NNS 30803 212 14 and and CC 30803 212 15 pigments pigment NNS 30803 212 16 were be VBD 30803 212 17 used use VBN 30803 212 18 in in IN 30803 212 19 the the DT 30803 212 20 preparation preparation NN 30803 212 21 of of IN 30803 212 22 manuscripts manuscript NNS 30803 212 23 . . . 30803 213 1 The the DT 30803 213 2 earlier early RBR 30803 213 3 printing print VBG 30803 213 4 inks ink NNS 30803 213 5 were be VBD 30803 213 6 made make VBN 30803 213 7 of of IN 30803 213 8 lampblack lampblack NN 30803 213 9 and and CC 30803 213 10 linseed linseed NN 30803 213 11 oil oil NN 30803 213 12 . . . 30803 214 1 The the DT 30803 214 2 subject subject NN 30803 214 3 of of IN 30803 214 4 printing print VBG 30803 214 5 inks ink NNS 30803 214 6 is be VBZ 30803 214 7 fully fully RB 30803 214 8 discussed discuss VBN 30803 214 9 in in IN 30803 214 10 No no UH 30803 214 11 . . . 30803 215 1 12 12 CD 30803 215 2 of of IN 30803 215 3 this this DT 30803 215 4 series series NN 30803 215 5 of of IN 30803 215 6 text text NN 30803 215 7 - - HYPH 30803 215 8 books book NNS 30803 215 9 . . . 30803 216 1 The the DT 30803 216 2 ink ink NN 30803 216 3 was be VBD 30803 216 4 ordinarily ordinarily RB 30803 216 5 applied apply VBN 30803 216 6 by by IN 30803 216 7 means mean NNS 30803 216 8 of of IN 30803 216 9 reeds reed NNS 30803 216 10 which which WDT 30803 216 11 were be VBD 30803 216 12 either either CC 30803 216 13 beaten beat VBN 30803 216 14 out out RP 30803 216 15 at at IN 30803 216 16 the the DT 30803 216 17 end end NN 30803 216 18 into into IN 30803 216 19 fine fine JJ 30803 216 20 brushes brush NNS 30803 216 21 so so IN 30803 216 22 that that IN 30803 216 23 the the DT 30803 216 24 characters character NNS 30803 216 25 were be VBD 30803 216 26 painted paint VBN 30803 216 27 rather rather RB 30803 216 28 than than IN 30803 216 29 written write VBN 30803 216 30 , , , 30803 216 31 or or CC 30803 216 32 sharpened sharpen VBN 30803 216 33 and and CC 30803 216 34 split split VBD 30803 216 35 at at IN 30803 216 36 the the DT 30803 216 37 end end NN 30803 216 38 like like IN 30803 216 39 a a DT 30803 216 40 modern modern JJ 30803 216 41 pen pen NN 30803 216 42 . . . 30803 217 1 Later later RB 30803 217 2 the the DT 30803 217 3 quill quill NN 30803 217 4 of of IN 30803 217 5 the the DT 30803 217 6 goose goose NN 30803 217 7 or or CC 30803 217 8 some some DT 30803 217 9 other other JJ 30803 217 10 large large JJ 30803 217 11 bird bird NN 30803 217 12 , , , 30803 217 13 cut cut VBD 30803 217 14 to to IN 30803 217 15 a a DT 30803 217 16 point point NN 30803 217 17 and and CC 30803 217 18 split split NN 30803 217 19 , , , 30803 217 20 largely largely RB 30803 217 21 took take VBD 30803 217 22 the the DT 30803 217 23 place place NN 30803 217 24 of of IN 30803 217 25 the the DT 30803 217 26 reed reed NN 30803 217 27 and and CC 30803 217 28 continued continue VBD 30803 217 29 to to TO 30803 217 30 be be VB 30803 217 31 the the DT 30803 217 32 writer writer NN 30803 217 33 's 's POS 30803 217 34 tool tool NN 30803 217 35 for for IN 30803 217 36 centuries century NNS 30803 217 37 . . . 30803 218 1 In in IN 30803 218 2 later later JJ 30803 218 3 years year NNS 30803 218 4 they -PRON- PRP 30803 218 5 have have VBP 30803 218 6 been be VBN 30803 218 7 displaced displace VBN 30803 218 8 by by IN 30803 218 9 the the DT 30803 218 10 modern modern JJ 30803 218 11 pen pen NN 30803 218 12 of of IN 30803 218 13 steel steel NN 30803 218 14 or or CC 30803 218 15 gold gold NN 30803 218 16 . . . 30803 219 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 219 2 is be VBZ 30803 219 3 interesting interesting JJ 30803 219 4 to to TO 30803 219 5 note note VB 30803 219 6 that that IN 30803 219 7 bronze bronze NN 30803 219 8 pens pen NNS 30803 219 9 imitating imitating NN 30803 219 10 quills quill NNS 30803 219 11 were be VBD 30803 219 12 used use VBN 30803 219 13 by by IN 30803 219 14 the the DT 30803 219 15 Romans Romans NNPS 30803 219 16 and and CC 30803 219 17 some some DT 30803 219 18 specimens specimen NNS 30803 219 19 are be VBP 30803 219 20 still still RB 30803 219 21 preserved preserve VBN 30803 219 22 . . . 30803 220 1 [ [ -LRB- 30803 220 2 Illustration illustration NN 30803 220 3 : : : 30803 220 4 Mediæval Mediæval NNP 30803 220 5 scribe scribe JJ 30803 220 6 at at IN 30803 220 7 work work NN 30803 220 8 , , , 30803 220 9 showing show VBG 30803 220 10 bookcase bookcase NN 30803 220 11 and and CC 30803 220 12 writing writing NN 30803 220 13 materials material NNS 30803 220 14 . . . 30803 220 15 ] ] -RRB- 30803 221 1 The the DT 30803 221 2 mediæval mediæval NN 30803 221 3 scribe scribe VBP 30803 221 4 , , , 30803 221 5 or or CC 30803 221 6 copyist copyist VB 30803 221 7 , , , 30803 221 8 had have VBD 30803 221 9 in in IN 30803 221 10 addition addition NN 30803 221 11 to to IN 30803 221 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 221 13 quill quill NN 30803 221 14 , , , 30803 221 15 ink ink NN 30803 221 16 , , , 30803 221 17 and and CC 30803 221 18 vellum vellum NN 30803 221 19 , , , 30803 221 20 a a DT 30803 221 21 pair pair NN 30803 221 22 of of IN 30803 221 23 compasses compass NNS 30803 221 24 to to TO 30803 221 25 prick prick VB 30803 221 26 off off RP 30803 221 27 the the DT 30803 221 28 spacing spacing NN 30803 221 29 of of IN 30803 221 30 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 221 31 lines line NNS 30803 221 32 , , , 30803 221 33 a a DT 30803 221 34 ruler ruler NN 30803 221 35 and and CC 30803 221 36 a a DT 30803 221 37 sharpened sharpen VBN 30803 221 38 instrument instrument NN 30803 221 39 or or CC 30803 221 40 pencil pencil NN 30803 221 41 with with IN 30803 221 42 which which WDT 30803 221 43 to to TO 30803 221 44 draw draw VB 30803 221 45 the the DT 30803 221 46 lines line NNS 30803 221 47 upon upon IN 30803 221 48 which which WDT 30803 221 49 he -PRON- PRP 30803 221 50 was be VBD 30803 221 51 to to TO 30803 221 52 write write VB 30803 221 53 , , , 30803 221 54 a a DT 30803 221 55 penknife penknife NN 30803 221 56 for for IN 30803 221 57 mending mend VBG 30803 221 58 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 221 59 pens pen NNS 30803 221 60 , , , 30803 221 61 an an DT 30803 221 62 erasing erase VBG 30803 221 63 knife knife NN 30803 221 64 for for IN 30803 221 65 corrections correction NNS 30803 221 66 , , , 30803 221 67 and and CC 30803 221 68 pumice pumice NN 30803 221 69 and and CC 30803 221 70 agate agate VB 30803 221 71 , , , 30803 221 72 or or CC 30803 221 73 other other JJ 30803 221 74 smooth smooth JJ 30803 221 75 substance substance NN 30803 221 76 , , , 30803 221 77 for for IN 30803 221 78 smoothing smooth VBG 30803 221 79 the the DT 30803 221 80 scratched scratch VBN 30803 221 81 surface surface NN 30803 221 82 . . . 30803 222 1 The the DT 30803 222 2 accompanying accompany VBG 30803 222 3 illustration illustration NN 30803 222 4 shows show VBZ 30803 222 5 the the DT 30803 222 6 mediæval mediæval NN 30803 222 7 scribe scribe NN 30803 222 8 and and CC 30803 222 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 222 10 outfit outfit NN 30803 222 11 in in IN 30803 222 12 an an DT 30803 222 13 extremely extremely RB 30803 222 14 interesting interesting JJ 30803 222 15 manner manner NN 30803 222 16 . . . 30803 223 1 In in IN 30803 223 2 the the DT 30803 223 3 background background NN 30803 223 4 appears appear VBZ 30803 223 5 the the DT 30803 223 6 bookcase bookcase NN 30803 223 7 with with IN 30803 223 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 30803 223 9 doors door NNS 30803 223 10 open open JJ 30803 223 11 showing show VBG 30803 223 12 the the DT 30803 223 13 manner manner NN 30803 223 14 in in IN 30803 223 15 which which WDT 30803 223 16 books book NNS 30803 223 17 were be VBD 30803 223 18 then then RB 30803 223 19 kept keep VBN 30803 223 20 , , , 30803 223 21 laid lay VBN 30803 223 22 on on IN 30803 223 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 223 24 sides side NNS 30803 223 25 and and CC 30803 223 26 not not RB 30803 223 27 standing stand VBG 30803 223 28 on on IN 30803 223 29 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 223 30 ends end NNS 30803 223 31 . . . 30803 224 1 The the DT 30803 224 2 writer writer NN 30803 224 3 is be VBZ 30803 224 4 busily busily RB 30803 224 5 at at IN 30803 224 6 work work NN 30803 224 7 upon upon IN 30803 224 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 224 9 manuscript manuscript NN 30803 224 10 and and CC 30803 224 11 scattered scatter VBN 30803 224 12 around around IN 30803 224 13 him -PRON- PRP 30803 224 14 are be VBP 30803 224 15 the the DT 30803 224 16 tools tool NNS 30803 224 17 of of IN 30803 224 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 224 19 trade trade NN 30803 224 20 . . . 30803 225 1 The the DT 30803 225 2 inkstand inkstand NN 30803 225 3 is be VBZ 30803 225 4 on on IN 30803 225 5 the the DT 30803 225 6 table table NN 30803 225 7 before before IN 30803 225 8 him -PRON- PRP 30803 225 9 , , , 30803 225 10 the the DT 30803 225 11 knife knife NN 30803 225 12 on on IN 30803 225 13 one one CD 30803 225 14 of of IN 30803 225 15 the the DT 30803 225 16 library library NN 30803 225 17 shelves shelf NNS 30803 225 18 , , , 30803 225 19 the the DT 30803 225 20 compasses compass NNS 30803 225 21 , , , 30803 225 22 a a DT 30803 225 23 ruler ruler NN 30803 225 24 , , , 30803 225 25 a a DT 30803 225 26 ruling rule VBG 30803 225 27 pencil pencil NN 30803 225 28 , , , 30803 225 29 a a DT 30803 225 30 rubber rubber NN 30803 225 31 for for IN 30803 225 32 smoothing smooth VBG 30803 225 33 down down RP 30803 225 34 the the DT 30803 225 35 vellum vellum NN 30803 225 36 , , , 30803 225 37 an an DT 30803 225 38 open open JJ 30803 225 39 pen pen NN 30803 225 40 case case NN 30803 225 41 , , , 30803 225 42 and and CC 30803 225 43 other other JJ 30803 225 44 implements implement NNS 30803 225 45 are be VBP 30803 225 46 all all DT 30803 225 47 clearly clearly RB 30803 225 48 shown show VBN 30803 225 49 . . . 30803 226 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 30803 226 2 III III NNP 30803 226 3 _ _ NNP 30803 226 4 The The NNP 30803 226 5 Evolution Evolution NNP 30803 226 6 of of IN 30803 226 7 the the DT 30803 226 8 Book Book NNP 30803 226 9 _ _ NNP 30803 226 10 As as IN 30803 226 11 already already RB 30803 226 12 indicated indicate VBN 30803 226 13 , , , 30803 226 14 ancient ancient JJ 30803 226 15 books book NNS 30803 226 16 were be VBD 30803 226 17 written write VBN 30803 226 18 on on IN 30803 226 19 rolls roll NNS 30803 226 20 of of IN 30803 226 21 papyrus papyru NNS 30803 226 22 . . . 30803 227 1 The the DT 30803 227 2 technical technical JJ 30803 227 3 name name NN 30803 227 4 of of IN 30803 227 5 such such PDT 30803 227 6 a a DT 30803 227 7 roll roll NN 30803 227 8 of of IN 30803 227 9 papyrus papyru NNS 30803 227 10 was be VBD 30803 227 11 _ _ NNP 30803 227 12 volumen voluman NNS 30803 227 13 _ _ NNP 30803 227 14 from from IN 30803 227 15 which which WDT 30803 227 16 we -PRON- PRP 30803 227 17 get get VBP 30803 227 18 our -PRON- PRP$ 30803 227 19 word word NN 30803 227 20 volume volume NN 30803 227 21 . . . 30803 228 1 With with IN 30803 228 2 the the DT 30803 228 3 increasing increase VBG 30803 228 4 use use NN 30803 228 5 of of IN 30803 228 6 vellum vellum NN 30803 228 7 as as IN 30803 228 8 writing writing NN 30803 228 9 material material NN 30803 228 10 came come VBD 30803 228 11 the the DT 30803 228 12 book book NN 30803 228 13 as as IN 30803 228 14 we -PRON- PRP 30803 228 15 know know VBP 30803 228 16 it -PRON- PRP 30803 228 17 , , , 30803 228 18 originally originally RB 30803 228 19 called call VBD 30803 228 20 in in IN 30803 228 21 Latin Latin NNP 30803 228 22 the the DT 30803 228 23 codex codex NN 30803 228 24 , , , 30803 228 25 from from IN 30803 228 26 _ _ NNP 30803 228 27 caudex caudex NN 30803 228 28 _ _ NNP 30803 228 29 , , , 30803 228 30 meaning mean VBG 30803 228 31 a a DT 30803 228 32 pile pile NN 30803 228 33 of of IN 30803 228 34 boards board NNS 30803 228 35 such such JJ 30803 228 36 as as IN 30803 228 37 may may MD 30803 228 38 be be VB 30803 228 39 seen see VBN 30803 228 40 in in IN 30803 228 41 any any DT 30803 228 42 lumberyard lumberyard NN 30803 228 43 . . . 30803 229 1 The the DT 30803 229 2 other other JJ 30803 229 3 Latin latin JJ 30803 229 4 word word NN 30803 229 5 for for IN 30803 229 6 book book NN 30803 229 7 , , , 30803 229 8 _ _ NNP 30803 229 9 liber liber NNP 30803 229 10 _ _ NNP 30803 229 11 , , , 30803 229 12 from from IN 30803 229 13 which which WDT 30803 229 14 we -PRON- PRP 30803 229 15 get get VBP 30803 229 16 our -PRON- PRP$ 30803 229 17 word word NN 30803 229 18 library library NN 30803 229 19 and and CC 30803 229 20 other other JJ 30803 229 21 allied ally VBN 30803 229 22 terms term NNS 30803 229 23 , , , 30803 229 24 originally originally RB 30803 229 25 meant mean VBN 30803 229 26 " " `` 30803 229 27 bark bark NN 30803 229 28 " " '' 30803 229 29 and and CC 30803 229 30 is be VBZ 30803 229 31 a a DT 30803 229 32 curious curious JJ 30803 229 33 preservation preservation NN 30803 229 34 of of IN 30803 229 35 the the DT 30803 229 36 record record NN 30803 229 37 of of IN 30803 229 38 the the DT 30803 229 39 use use NN 30803 229 40 of of IN 30803 229 41 bark bark NN 30803 229 42 as as IN 30803 229 43 a a DT 30803 229 44 writing writing NN 30803 229 45 material material NN 30803 229 46 , , , 30803 229 47 a a DT 30803 229 48 use use NN 30803 229 49 , , , 30803 229 50 by by IN 30803 229 51 the the DT 30803 229 52 way way NN 30803 229 53 , , , 30803 229 54 of of IN 30803 229 55 which which WDT 30803 229 56 we -PRON- PRP 30803 229 57 have have VBP 30803 229 58 very very RB 30803 229 59 little little JJ 30803 229 60 other other JJ 30803 229 61 knowledge knowledge NN 30803 229 62 . . . 30803 230 1 The the DT 30803 230 2 origin origin NN 30803 230 3 of of IN 30803 230 4 the the DT 30803 230 5 book book NN 30803 230 6 is be VBZ 30803 230 7 rather rather RB 30803 230 8 interesting interesting JJ 30803 230 9 . . . 30803 231 1 One one CD 30803 231 2 of of IN 30803 231 3 its -PRON- PRP$ 30803 231 4 ancestors ancestor NNS 30803 231 5 , , , 30803 231 6 as as IN 30803 231 7 we -PRON- PRP 30803 231 8 have have VBP 30803 231 9 already already RB 30803 231 10 seen see VBN 30803 231 11 , , , 30803 231 12 is be VBZ 30803 231 13 the the DT 30803 231 14 group group NN 30803 231 15 of of IN 30803 231 16 tablets tablet NNS 30803 231 17 bound bind VBN 30803 231 18 together together RB 30803 231 19 with with IN 30803 231 20 thongs thong NNS 30803 231 21 . . . 30803 232 1 Another another DT 30803 232 2 was be VBD 30803 232 3 probably probably RB 30803 232 4 the the DT 30803 232 5 roll roll NN 30803 232 6 itself -PRON- PRP 30803 232 7 . . . 30803 233 1 When when WRB 30803 233 2 the the DT 30803 233 3 manuscript manuscript NN 30803 233 4 roll roll NN 30803 233 5 was be VBD 30803 233 6 read read VBN 30803 233 7 it -PRON- PRP 30803 233 8 was be VBD 30803 233 9 necessary necessary JJ 30803 233 10 in in IN 30803 233 11 order order NN 30803 233 12 to to TO 30803 233 13 handle handle VB 30803 233 14 it -PRON- PRP 30803 233 15 properly properly RB 30803 233 16 and and CC 30803 233 17 save save VB 30803 233 18 it -PRON- PRP 30803 233 19 from from IN 30803 233 20 damage damage NN 30803 233 21 to to IN 30803 233 22 reroll reroll NNP 30803 233 23 the the DT 30803 233 24 part part NN 30803 233 25 of of IN 30803 233 26 the the DT 30803 233 27 roll roll NN 30803 233 28 which which WDT 30803 233 29 had have VBD 30803 233 30 been be VBN 30803 233 31 read read VBN 30803 233 32 as as IN 30803 233 33 the the DT 30803 233 34 student student NN 30803 233 35 proceeded proceed VBD 30803 233 36 . . . 30803 234 1 The the DT 30803 234 2 consequence consequence NN 30803 234 3 was be VBD 30803 234 4 that that IN 30803 234 5 when when WRB 30803 234 6 the the DT 30803 234 7 reading reading NN 30803 234 8 was be VBD 30803 234 9 finished finish VBN 30803 234 10 , , , 30803 234 11 the the DT 30803 234 12 volume volume NN 30803 234 13 was be VBD 30803 234 14 left leave VBN 30803 234 15 rolled roll VBN 30803 234 16 up up RP 30803 234 17 in in IN 30803 234 18 reverse reverse JJ 30803 234 19 order order NN 30803 234 20 . . . 30803 235 1 Consequently consequently RB 30803 235 2 , , , 30803 235 3 before before IN 30803 235 4 being be VBG 30803 235 5 replaced replace VBN 30803 235 6 , , , 30803 235 7 the the DT 30803 235 8 volume volume NN 30803 235 9 , , , 30803 235 10 if if IN 30803 235 11 treated treat VBN 30803 235 12 properly properly RB 30803 235 13 , , , 30803 235 14 had have VBD 30803 235 15 to to TO 30803 235 16 be be VB 30803 235 17 rolled roll VBN 30803 235 18 back back RB 30803 235 19 into into IN 30803 235 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 30803 235 21 original original JJ 30803 235 22 position position NN 30803 235 23 , , , 30803 235 24 a a DT 30803 235 25 necessity necessity NN 30803 235 26 which which WDT 30803 235 27 careless careless JJ 30803 235 28 or or CC 30803 235 29 lazy lazy JJ 30803 235 30 people people NNS 30803 235 31 found find VBD 30803 235 32 somewhat somewhat RB 30803 235 33 burdensome burdensome JJ 30803 235 34 . . . 30803 236 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 236 2 was be VBD 30803 236 3 discovered discover VBN 30803 236 4 , , , 30803 236 5 however however RB 30803 236 6 , , , 30803 236 7 that that IN 30803 236 8 this this DT 30803 236 9 could could MD 30803 236 10 be be VB 30803 236 11 avoided avoid VBN 30803 236 12 by by IN 30803 236 13 folding fold VBG 30803 236 14 the the DT 30803 236 15 roll roll NN 30803 236 16 back back RB 30803 236 17 and and CC 30803 236 18 forth forth RB 30803 236 19 , , , 30803 236 20 creasing crease VBG 30803 236 21 it -PRON- PRP 30803 236 22 in in IN 30803 236 23 the the DT 30803 236 24 spaces space NNS 30803 236 25 between between IN 30803 236 26 the the DT 30803 236 27 columns column NNS 30803 236 28 which which WDT 30803 236 29 were be VBD 30803 236 30 written write VBN 30803 236 31 at at IN 30803 236 32 right right JJ 30803 236 33 angles angle NNS 30803 236 34 to to IN 30803 236 35 the the DT 30803 236 36 length length NN 30803 236 37 of of IN 30803 236 38 the the DT 30803 236 39 roll roll NN 30803 236 40 , , , 30803 236 41 the the DT 30803 236 42 result result NN 30803 236 43 being be VBG 30803 236 44 something something NN 30803 236 45 like like IN 30803 236 46 a a DT 30803 236 47 book book NN 30803 236 48 printed print VBN 30803 236 49 only only RB 30803 236 50 on on IN 30803 236 51 one one CD 30803 236 52 side side NN 30803 236 53 of of IN 30803 236 54 the the DT 30803 236 55 paper paper NN 30803 236 56 and and CC 30803 236 57 with with IN 30803 236 58 the the DT 30803 236 59 edges edge NNS 30803 236 60 uncut uncut JJ 30803 236 61 , , , 30803 236 62 like like IN 30803 236 63 many many JJ 30803 236 64 Chinese chinese JJ 30803 236 65 and and CC 30803 236 66 Japanese japanese JJ 30803 236 67 books book NNS 30803 236 68 of of IN 30803 236 69 to to IN 30803 236 70 - - HYPH 30803 236 71 day day NN 30803 236 72 . . . 30803 237 1 The the DT 30803 237 2 real real JJ 30803 237 3 impulse impulse NN 30803 237 4 , , , 30803 237 5 however however RB 30803 237 6 , , , 30803 237 7 to to IN 30803 237 8 the the DT 30803 237 9 construction construction NN 30803 237 10 of of IN 30803 237 11 books book NNS 30803 237 12 as as IN 30803 237 13 distinguished distinguish VBN 30803 237 14 from from IN 30803 237 15 rolls roll NNS 30803 237 16 came come VBD 30803 237 17 with with IN 30803 237 18 the the DT 30803 237 19 use use NN 30803 237 20 of of IN 30803 237 21 sheets sheet NNS 30803 237 22 of of IN 30803 237 23 vellum vellum NN 30803 237 24 . . . 30803 238 1 These these DT 30803 238 2 could could MD 30803 238 3 not not RB 30803 238 4 be be VB 30803 238 5 attached attach VBN 30803 238 6 easily easily RB 30803 238 7 to to TO 30803 238 8 make make VB 30803 238 9 long long JJ 30803 238 10 rolls roll NNS 30803 238 11 as as IN 30803 238 12 could could MD 30803 238 13 be be VB 30803 238 14 done do VBN 30803 238 15 with with IN 30803 238 16 the the DT 30803 238 17 papyrus papyrus JJ 30803 238 18 sheets sheet NNS 30803 238 19 , , , 30803 238 20 while while IN 30803 238 21 even even RB 30803 238 22 the the DT 30803 238 23 single single JJ 30803 238 24 sheets sheet NNS 30803 238 25 were be VBD 30803 238 26 large large JJ 30803 238 27 enough enough RB 30803 238 28 to to TO 30803 238 29 be be VB 30803 238 30 unwieldy unwieldy JJ 30803 238 31 when when WRB 30803 238 32 spread spread VBN 30803 238 33 out out RP 30803 238 34 . . . 30803 239 1 Therefore therefore RB 30803 239 2 , , , 30803 239 3 when when WRB 30803 239 4 long long JJ 30803 239 5 compositions composition NNS 30803 239 6 were be VBD 30803 239 7 to to TO 30803 239 8 be be VB 30803 239 9 written write VBN 30803 239 10 , , , 30803 239 11 the the DT 30803 239 12 vellum vellum NN 30803 239 13 sheets sheet NNS 30803 239 14 were be VBD 30803 239 15 folded fold VBN 30803 239 16 once once RB 30803 239 17 and and CC 30803 239 18 laid lay VBD 30803 239 19 inside inside IN 30803 239 20 each each DT 30803 239 21 other other JJ 30803 239 22 just just RB 30803 239 23 as as IN 30803 239 24 ordinary ordinary JJ 30803 239 25 note note NN 30803 239 26 paper paper NN 30803 239 27 is be VBZ 30803 239 28 prepared prepare VBN 30803 239 29 for for IN 30803 239 30 sale sale NN 30803 239 31 at at IN 30803 239 32 the the DT 30803 239 33 present present JJ 30803 239 34 time time NN 30803 239 35 . . . 30803 240 1 In in IN 30803 240 2 order order NN 30803 240 3 to to TO 30803 240 4 provide provide VB 30803 240 5 against against IN 30803 240 6 the the DT 30803 240 7 scattering scattering NN 30803 240 8 of of IN 30803 240 9 these these DT 30803 240 10 leaves leave NNS 30803 240 11 they -PRON- PRP 30803 240 12 were be VBD 30803 240 13 sewed sew VBN 30803 240 14 together together RB 30803 240 15 through through IN 30803 240 16 the the DT 30803 240 17 crease crease NN 30803 240 18 at at IN 30803 240 19 the the DT 30803 240 20 back back NN 30803 240 21 . . . 30803 241 1 The the DT 30803 241 2 result result NN 30803 241 3 was be VBD 30803 241 4 called call VBN 30803 241 5 a a DT 30803 241 6 quire quire NN 30803 241 7 . . . 30803 242 1 [ [ -LRB- 30803 242 2 Illustration illustration NN 30803 242 3 : : : 30803 242 4 A a DT 30803 242 5 Roman roman JJ 30803 242 6 student student NN 30803 242 7 at at IN 30803 242 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 242 9 books book NNS 30803 242 10 , , , 30803 242 11 showing show VBG 30803 242 12 the the DT 30803 242 13 bookcase bookcase NN 30803 242 14 with with IN 30803 242 15 a a DT 30803 242 16 reading reading NN 30803 242 17 stand stand NN 30803 242 18 on on IN 30803 242 19 top top NN 30803 242 20 and and CC 30803 242 21 the the DT 30803 242 22 use use NN 30803 242 23 of of IN 30803 242 24 the the DT 30803 242 25 roll roll NN 30803 242 26 . . . 30803 242 27 ] ] -RRB- 30803 243 1 When when WRB 30803 243 2 the the DT 30803 243 3 composition composition NN 30803 243 4 filled fill VBD 30803 243 5 more more JJR 30803 243 6 than than IN 30803 243 7 one one CD 30803 243 8 quire quire NN 30803 243 9 , , , 30803 243 10 the the DT 30803 243 11 quires quire NNS 30803 243 12 were be VBD 30803 243 13 originally originally RB 30803 243 14 fastened fasten VBN 30803 243 15 together together RB 30803 243 16 in in IN 30803 243 17 a a DT 30803 243 18 manner manner NN 30803 243 19 derived derive VBN 30803 243 20 , , , 30803 243 21 probably probably RB 30803 243 22 , , , 30803 243 23 from from IN 30803 243 24 the the DT 30803 243 25 method method NN 30803 243 26 of of IN 30803 243 27 fastening fasten VBG 30803 243 28 tablets tablet NNS 30803 243 29 . . . 30803 244 1 That that DT 30803 244 2 is be VBZ 30803 244 3 to to TO 30803 244 4 say say VB 30803 244 5 , , , 30803 244 6 holes hole NNS 30803 244 7 were be VBD 30803 244 8 stabbed stab VBN 30803 244 9 through through IN 30803 244 10 the the DT 30803 244 11 margin margin NN 30803 244 12 and and CC 30803 244 13 thongs thong NNS 30803 244 14 were be VBD 30803 244 15 passed pass VBN 30803 244 16 through through IN 30803 244 17 the the DT 30803 244 18 holes hole NNS 30803 244 19 and and CC 30803 244 20 tied tie VBN 30803 244 21 at at IN 30803 244 22 the the DT 30803 244 23 back back NN 30803 244 24 . . . 30803 245 1 This this DT 30803 245 2 method method NN 30803 245 3 of of IN 30803 245 4 binding bind VBG 30803 245 5 , , , 30803 245 6 however however RB 30803 245 7 , , , 30803 245 8 had have VBD 30803 245 9 obvious obvious JJ 30803 245 10 disadvantages disadvantage NNS 30803 245 11 and and CC 30803 245 12 it -PRON- PRP 30803 245 13 shortly shortly RB 30803 245 14 occurred occur VBD 30803 245 15 to to IN 30803 245 16 some some DT 30803 245 17 one one NN 30803 245 18 that that IN 30803 245 19 thongs thong VBZ 30803 245 20 , , , 30803 245 21 or or CC 30803 245 22 strips strip NNS 30803 245 23 of of IN 30803 245 24 vellum vellum NN 30803 245 25 , , , 30803 245 26 could could MD 30803 245 27 be be VB 30803 245 28 laid lay VBN 30803 245 29 across across IN 30803 245 30 the the DT 30803 245 31 backs back NNS 30803 245 32 of of IN 30803 245 33 the the DT 30803 245 34 quires quire NNS 30803 245 35 at at IN 30803 245 36 right right JJ 30803 245 37 angles angle NNS 30803 245 38 to to IN 30803 245 39 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 245 40 length length NN 30803 245 41 and and CC 30803 245 42 the the DT 30803 245 43 stitches stitch NNS 30803 245 44 by by IN 30803 245 45 which which WDT 30803 245 46 the the DT 30803 245 47 quires quire NNS 30803 245 48 were be VBD 30803 245 49 held hold VBN 30803 245 50 together together RB 30803 245 51 could could MD 30803 245 52 be be VB 30803 245 53 passed pass VBN 30803 245 54 over over IN 30803 245 55 these these DT 30803 245 56 thongs thong NNS 30803 245 57 . . . 30803 246 1 This this DT 30803 246 2 method method NN 30803 246 3 of of IN 30803 246 4 binding bind VBG 30803 246 5 the the DT 30803 246 6 quires quire NNS 30803 246 7 together together RB 30803 246 8 is be VBZ 30803 246 9 still still RB 30803 246 10 used use VBN 30803 246 11 in in IN 30803 246 12 making make VBG 30803 246 13 the the DT 30803 246 14 best good JJS 30803 246 15 bindings binding NNS 30803 246 16 . . . 30803 247 1 At at IN 30803 247 2 this this DT 30803 247 3 stage stage NN 30803 247 4 of of IN 30803 247 5 proceedings proceeding NNS 30803 247 6 the the DT 30803 247 7 loosely loosely RB 30803 247 8 fastened fasten VBN 30803 247 9 bundle bundle NN 30803 247 10 of of IN 30803 247 11 quires quire NNS 30803 247 12 was be VBD 30803 247 13 not not RB 30803 247 14 firmly firmly RB 30803 247 15 held hold VBN 30803 247 16 together together RB 30803 247 17 and and CC 30803 247 18 the the DT 30803 247 19 unprotected unprotected JJ 30803 247 20 folds fold NNS 30803 247 21 of of IN 30803 247 22 the the DT 30803 247 23 sheets sheet NNS 30803 247 24 were be VBD 30803 247 25 exposed expose VBN 30803 247 26 to to TO 30803 247 27 wear wear VB 30803 247 28 . . . 30803 248 1 This this DT 30803 248 2 was be VBD 30803 248 3 remedied remedie VBN 30803 248 4 by by IN 30803 248 5 covering cover VBG 30803 248 6 the the DT 30803 248 7 backs back NNS 30803 248 8 with with IN 30803 248 9 a a DT 30803 248 10 strip strip NN 30803 248 11 of of IN 30803 248 12 leather leather NN 30803 248 13 running running NN 30803 248 14 lengthwise lengthwise RB 30803 248 15 of of IN 30803 248 16 the the DT 30803 248 17 sheets sheet NNS 30803 248 18 . . . 30803 249 1 Vellum Vellum NNP 30803 249 2 , , , 30803 249 3 however however RB 30803 249 4 , , , 30803 249 5 is be VBZ 30803 249 6 particularly particularly RB 30803 249 7 liable liable JJ 30803 249 8 to to TO 30803 249 9 warp warp NN 30803 249 10 and and CC 30803 249 11 twist twist NN 30803 249 12 . . . 30803 250 1 This this DT 30803 250 2 was be VBD 30803 250 3 prevented prevent VBN 30803 250 4 by by IN 30803 250 5 putting put VBG 30803 250 6 the the DT 30803 250 7 sheets sheet NNS 30803 250 8 between between IN 30803 250 9 boards board NNS 30803 250 10 . . . 30803 251 1 The the DT 30803 251 2 next next JJ 30803 251 3 step step NN 30803 251 4 was be VBD 30803 251 5 to to TO 30803 251 6 fasten fasten VB 30803 251 7 the the DT 30803 251 8 boards board NNS 30803 251 9 to to IN 30803 251 10 the the DT 30803 251 11 package package NN 30803 251 12 of of IN 30803 251 13 leaves leave NNS 30803 251 14 by by IN 30803 251 15 extending extend VBG 30803 251 16 the the DT 30803 251 17 edges edge NNS 30803 251 18 of of IN 30803 251 19 the the DT 30803 251 20 leather leather NN 30803 251 21 strip strip NN 30803 251 22 on on IN 30803 251 23 the the DT 30803 251 24 back back NN 30803 251 25 and and CC 30803 251 26 fastening fasten VBG 30803 251 27 them -PRON- PRP 30803 251 28 to to IN 30803 251 29 the the DT 30803 251 30 edges edge NNS 30803 251 31 of of IN 30803 251 32 the the DT 30803 251 33 boards board NNS 30803 251 34 , , , 30803 251 35 which which WDT 30803 251 36 were be VBD 30803 251 37 then then RB 30803 251 38 fastened fasten VBN 30803 251 39 at at IN 30803 251 40 the the DT 30803 251 41 opposite opposite JJ 30803 251 42 edges edge NNS 30803 251 43 by by IN 30803 251 44 clasps clasp NNS 30803 251 45 . . . 30803 252 1 The the DT 30803 252 2 bound bind VBN 30803 252 3 book book NN 30803 252 4 was be VBD 30803 252 5 then then RB 30803 252 6 complete complete JJ 30803 252 7 so so RB 30803 252 8 far far RB 30803 252 9 as as IN 30803 252 10 utility utility NN 30803 252 11 was be VBD 30803 252 12 concerned concern VBN 30803 252 13 . . . 30803 253 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 253 2 was be VBD 30803 253 3 soon soon RB 30803 253 4 seen see VBN 30803 253 5 , , , 30803 253 6 however however RB 30803 253 7 , , , 30803 253 8 that that IN 30803 253 9 the the DT 30803 253 10 extension extension NN 30803 253 11 of of IN 30803 253 12 the the DT 30803 253 13 leather leather NN 30803 253 14 back back RB 30803 253 15 to to TO 30803 253 16 cover cover VB 30803 253 17 the the DT 30803 253 18 boards board NNS 30803 253 19 entirely entirely RB 30803 253 20 added add VBD 30803 253 21 to to IN 30803 253 22 the the DT 30803 253 23 beauty beauty NN 30803 253 24 and and CC 30803 253 25 durability durability NN 30803 253 26 of of IN 30803 253 27 the the DT 30803 253 28 book book NN 30803 253 29 and and CC 30803 253 30 opened open VBD 30803 253 31 a a DT 30803 253 32 wide wide JJ 30803 253 33 field field NN 30803 253 34 for for IN 30803 253 35 the the DT 30803 253 36 exercise exercise NN 30803 253 37 of of IN 30803 253 38 the the DT 30803 253 39 decorator decorator NN 30803 253 40 's 's POS 30803 253 41 art art NN 30803 253 42 and and CC 30803 253 43 taste taste NN 30803 253 44 . . . 30803 254 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 254 2 is be VBZ 30803 254 3 needless needless JJ 30803 254 4 to to TO 30803 254 5 say say VB 30803 254 6 that that IN 30803 254 7 great great JJ 30803 254 8 use use NN 30803 254 9 was be VBD 30803 254 10 made make VBN 30803 254 11 of of IN 30803 254 12 this this DT 30803 254 13 opportunity opportunity NN 30803 254 14 . . . 30803 255 1 The the DT 30803 255 2 beautiful beautiful JJ 30803 255 3 products product NNS 30803 255 4 of of IN 30803 255 5 the the DT 30803 255 6 modern modern JJ 30803 255 7 bookbinding bookbinding NN 30803 255 8 art art NN 30803 255 9 are be VBP 30803 255 10 familiar familiar JJ 30803 255 11 to to IN 30803 255 12 us -PRON- PRP 30803 255 13 all all DT 30803 255 14 . . . 30803 256 1 Beautiful beautiful JJ 30803 256 2 and and CC 30803 256 3 costly costly JJ 30803 256 4 as as IN 30803 256 5 they -PRON- PRP 30803 256 6 are be VBP 30803 256 7 , , , 30803 256 8 they -PRON- PRP 30803 256 9 are be VBP 30803 256 10 commonplace commonplace JJ 30803 256 11 as as IN 30803 256 12 compared compare VBN 30803 256 13 with with IN 30803 256 14 the the DT 30803 256 15 decoration decoration NN 30803 256 16 of of IN 30803 256 17 the the DT 30803 256 18 early early JJ 30803 256 19 bookbinders bookbinder NNS 30803 256 20 . . . 30803 257 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 257 2 must must MD 30803 257 3 be be VB 30803 257 4 remembered remember VBN 30803 257 5 that that IN 30803 257 6 these these DT 30803 257 7 books book NNS 30803 257 8 were be VBD 30803 257 9 never never RB 30803 257 10 intended intend VBN 30803 257 11 to to TO 30803 257 12 be be VB 30803 257 13 crowded crowd VBN 30803 257 14 in in IN 30803 257 15 serried serrie VBN 30803 257 16 ranks rank NNS 30803 257 17 into into IN 30803 257 18 shelves shelf NNS 30803 257 19 from from IN 30803 257 20 which which WDT 30803 257 21 they -PRON- PRP 30803 257 22 should should MD 30803 257 23 present present VB 30803 257 24 only only RB 30803 257 25 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 257 26 backs back NNS 30803 257 27 to to IN 30803 257 28 the the DT 30803 257 29 world world NN 30803 257 30 . . . 30803 258 1 They -PRON- PRP 30803 258 2 were be VBD 30803 258 3 precious precious JJ 30803 258 4 treasures treasure NNS 30803 258 5 to to TO 30803 258 6 be be VB 30803 258 7 kept keep VBN 30803 258 8 by by IN 30803 258 9 themselves -PRON- PRP 30803 258 10 , , , 30803 258 11 handled handle VBD 30803 258 12 reverently reverently RB 30803 258 13 , , , 30803 258 14 laid lay VBN 30803 258 15 on on IN 30803 258 16 tables table NNS 30803 258 17 or or CC 30803 258 18 shelves shelf NNS 30803 258 19 , , , 30803 258 20 often often RB 30803 258 21 enclosed enclose VBD 30803 258 22 in in IN 30803 258 23 bags bag NNS 30803 258 24 . . . 30803 259 1 The the DT 30803 259 2 covers cover NNS 30803 259 3 , , , 30803 259 4 often often RB 30803 259 5 blazing blaze VBG 30803 259 6 with with IN 30803 259 7 jewels jewel NNS 30803 259 8 , , , 30803 259 9 were be VBD 30803 259 10 adorned adorn VBN 30803 259 11 by by IN 30803 259 12 all all PDT 30803 259 13 the the DT 30803 259 14 resources resource NNS 30803 259 15 of of IN 30803 259 16 many many JJ 30803 259 17 kinds kind NNS 30803 259 18 of of IN 30803 259 19 art art NN 30803 259 20 . . . 30803 260 1 Some some DT 30803 260 2 were be VBD 30803 260 3 plates plate NNS 30803 260 4 of of IN 30803 260 5 ivory ivory NN 30803 260 6 or or CC 30803 260 7 rare rare JJ 30803 260 8 wood wood NN 30803 260 9 covered cover VBN 30803 260 10 with with IN 30803 260 11 wonderful wonderful JJ 30803 260 12 carvings carving NNS 30803 260 13 . . . 30803 261 1 Some some DT 30803 261 2 were be VBD 30803 261 3 plates plate NNS 30803 261 4 of of IN 30803 261 5 chiseled chisel VBN 30803 261 6 gold gold NN 30803 261 7 or or CC 30803 261 8 silver silver NN 30803 261 9 . . . 30803 262 1 Some some DT 30803 262 2 were be VBD 30803 262 3 brilliant brilliant JJ 30803 262 4 with with IN 30803 262 5 enamel enamel NNP 30803 262 6 . . . 30803 263 1 Medallions medallion NNS 30803 263 2 and and CC 30803 263 3 pictures picture NNS 30803 263 4 in in IN 30803 263 5 the the DT 30803 263 6 best good JJS 30803 263 7 style style NN 30803 263 8 of of IN 30803 263 9 art art NN 30803 263 10 ornamented ornament VBD 30803 263 11 them -PRON- PRP 30803 263 12 . . . 30803 264 1 Gems gem NNS 30803 264 2 of of IN 30803 264 3 every every DT 30803 264 4 kind kind NN 30803 264 5 , , , 30803 264 6 cut cut NN 30803 264 7 and and CC 30803 264 8 uncut uncut JJ 30803 264 9 , , , 30803 264 10 added add VBN 30803 264 11 color color NN 30803 264 12 and and CC 30803 264 13 brilliancy brilliancy NN 30803 264 14 to to IN 30803 264 15 the the DT 30803 264 16 effect effect NN 30803 264 17 . . . 30803 265 1 As as RB 30803 265 2 late late RB 30803 265 3 as as IN 30803 265 4 1583 1583 CD 30803 265 5 when when WRB 30803 265 6 the the DT 30803 265 7 great great JJ 30803 265 8 age age NN 30803 265 9 of of IN 30803 265 10 book book NN 30803 265 11 - - HYPH 30803 265 12 cover cover NN 30803 265 13 ornamentation ornamentation NN 30803 265 14 was be VBD 30803 265 15 already already RB 30803 265 16 past past JJ 30803 265 17 , , , 30803 265 18 Henry Henry NNP 30803 265 19 III III NNP 30803 265 20 of of IN 30803 265 21 France France NNP 30803 265 22 decreed decreed NN 30803 265 23 that that IN 30803 265 24 ordinary ordinary JJ 30803 265 25 citizens citizen NNS 30803 265 26 should should MD 30803 265 27 not not RB 30803 265 28 use use VB 30803 265 29 more more JJR 30803 265 30 than than IN 30803 265 31 four four CD 30803 265 32 diamonds diamond NNS 30803 265 33 to to IN 30803 265 34 the the DT 30803 265 35 decoration decoration NN 30803 265 36 of of IN 30803 265 37 one one CD 30803 265 38 book book NN 30803 265 39 , , , 30803 265 40 but but CC 30803 265 41 nobles noble NNS 30803 265 42 might may MD 30803 265 43 use use VB 30803 265 44 five five CD 30803 265 45 . . . 30803 266 1 The the DT 30803 266 2 book book NN 30803 266 3 as as IN 30803 266 4 distinguished distinguish VBN 30803 266 5 from from IN 30803 266 6 the the DT 30803 266 7 roll roll NN 30803 266 8 began begin VBD 30803 266 9 to to TO 30803 266 10 be be VB 30803 266 11 popular popular JJ 30803 266 12 in in IN 30803 266 13 the the DT 30803 266 14 first first JJ 30803 266 15 Christian christian JJ 30803 266 16 century century NN 30803 266 17 . . . 30803 267 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 267 2 had have VBD 30803 267 3 certain certain JJ 30803 267 4 very very RB 30803 267 5 great great JJ 30803 267 6 advantages advantage NNS 30803 267 7 . . . 30803 268 1 The the DT 30803 268 2 rolls roll NNS 30803 268 3 were be VBD 30803 268 4 never never RB 30803 268 5 very very RB 30803 268 6 long long JJ 30803 268 7 and and CC 30803 268 8 long long JJ 30803 268 9 compositions composition NNS 30803 268 10 or or CC 30803 268 11 collections collection NNS 30803 268 12 of of IN 30803 268 13 compositions composition NNS 30803 268 14 necessarily necessarily RB 30803 268 15 ran run VBD 30803 268 16 to to IN 30803 268 17 many many JJ 30803 268 18 volumes volume NNS 30803 268 19 . . . 30803 269 1 They -PRON- PRP 30803 269 2 were be VBD 30803 269 3 not not RB 30803 269 4 easy easy JJ 30803 269 5 to to TO 30803 269 6 refer refer VB 30803 269 7 to to IN 30803 269 8 as as IN 30803 269 9 they -PRON- PRP 30803 269 10 had have VBD 30803 269 11 to to TO 30803 269 12 be be VB 30803 269 13 unrolled unroll VBN 30803 269 14 and and CC 30803 269 15 then then RB 30803 269 16 rolled roll VBN 30803 269 17 up up RP 30803 269 18 again again RB 30803 269 19 whenever whenever WRB 30803 269 20 any any DT 30803 269 21 passage passage NN 30803 269 22 was be VBD 30803 269 23 to to TO 30803 269 24 be be VB 30803 269 25 consulted consult VBN 30803 269 26 . . . 30803 270 1 They -PRON- PRP 30803 270 2 were be VBD 30803 270 3 made make VBN 30803 270 4 of of IN 30803 270 5 a a DT 30803 270 6 material material NN 30803 270 7 which which WDT 30803 270 8 was be VBD 30803 270 9 not not RB 30803 270 10 durable durable JJ 30803 270 11 in in IN 30803 270 12 any any DT 30803 270 13 but but IN 30803 270 14 the the DT 30803 270 15 very very JJ 30803 270 16 driest dry JJS 30803 270 17 of of IN 30803 270 18 climates climate NNS 30803 270 19 . . . 30803 271 1 The the DT 30803 271 2 book book NN 30803 271 3 on on IN 30803 271 4 the the DT 30803 271 5 other other JJ 30803 271 6 hand hand NN 30803 271 7 , , , 30803 271 8 while while IN 30803 271 9 heavy heavy JJ 30803 271 10 , , , 30803 271 11 could could MD 30803 271 12 contain contain VB 30803 271 13 a a DT 30803 271 14 very very RB 30803 271 15 great great JJ 30803 271 16 amount amount NN 30803 271 17 of of IN 30803 271 18 material material NN 30803 271 19 in in IN 30803 271 20 a a DT 30803 271 21 single single JJ 30803 271 22 volume volume NN 30803 271 23 , , , 30803 271 24 could could MD 30803 271 25 be be VB 30803 271 26 easily easily RB 30803 271 27 referred refer VBN 30803 271 28 to to IN 30803 271 29 , , , 30803 271 30 and and CC 30803 271 31 was be VBD 30803 271 32 made make VBN 30803 271 33 of of IN 30803 271 34 much much RB 30803 271 35 more more RBR 30803 271 36 durable durable JJ 30803 271 37 material material NN 30803 271 38 . . . 30803 272 1 For for IN 30803 272 2 this this DT 30803 272 3 reason reason NN 30803 272 4 the the DT 30803 272 5 book book NN 30803 272 6 form form NN 30803 272 7 was be VBD 30803 272 8 used use VBN 30803 272 9 for for IN 30803 272 10 legal legal JJ 30803 272 11 documents document NNS 30803 272 12 and and CC 30803 272 13 other other JJ 30803 272 14 purposes purpose NNS 30803 272 15 where where WRB 30803 272 16 ease ease NN 30803 272 17 of of IN 30803 272 18 reference reference NN 30803 272 19 was be VBD 30803 272 20 particularly particularly RB 30803 272 21 desired desire VBN 30803 272 22 . . . 30803 273 1 The the DT 30803 273 2 growth growth NN 30803 273 3 of of IN 30803 273 4 the the DT 30803 273 5 Christian christian JJ 30803 273 6 church church NN 30803 273 7 especially especially RB 30803 273 8 stimulated stimulate VBD 30803 273 9 the the DT 30803 273 10 substitution substitution NN 30803 273 11 of of IN 30803 273 12 the the DT 30803 273 13 book book NN 30803 273 14 for for IN 30803 273 15 the the DT 30803 273 16 roll roll NN 30803 273 17 . . . 30803 274 1 Christianity Christianity NNP 30803 274 2 , , , 30803 274 3 unlike unlike IN 30803 274 4 any any DT 30803 274 5 of of IN 30803 274 6 the the DT 30803 274 7 religions religion NNS 30803 274 8 with with IN 30803 274 9 which which WDT 30803 274 10 it -PRON- PRP 30803 274 11 came come VBD 30803 274 12 into into IN 30803 274 13 contact contact NN 30803 274 14 , , , 30803 274 15 except except IN 30803 274 16 Judaism Judaism NNP 30803 274 17 , , , 30803 274 18 was be VBD 30803 274 19 a a DT 30803 274 20 book book NN 30803 274 21 religion religion NN 30803 274 22 . . . 30803 275 1 The the DT 30803 275 2 Christian Christian NNP 30803 275 3 was be VBD 30803 275 4 constantly constantly RB 30803 275 5 referring refer VBG 30803 275 6 to to IN 30803 275 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 275 8 scriptures scripture NNS 30803 275 9 for for IN 30803 275 10 argument argument NN 30803 275 11 with with IN 30803 275 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 275 13 adversary adversary NN 30803 275 14 as as RB 30803 275 15 well well RB 30803 275 16 as as IN 30803 275 17 for for IN 30803 275 18 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 275 19 own own JJ 30803 275 20 edification edification NN 30803 275 21 and and CC 30803 275 22 he -PRON- PRP 30803 275 23 wanted want VBD 30803 275 24 to to TO 30803 275 25 be be VB 30803 275 26 able able JJ 30803 275 27 to to TO 30803 275 28 find find VB 30803 275 29 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 275 30 favorite favorite JJ 30803 275 31 passages passage NNS 30803 275 32 readily readily RB 30803 275 33 . . . 30803 276 1 The the DT 30803 276 2 conservatism conservatism NN 30803 276 3 of of IN 30803 276 4 the the DT 30803 276 5 Jew Jew NNP 30803 276 6 prevented prevent VBD 30803 276 7 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 276 8 changing change VBG 30803 276 9 the the DT 30803 276 10 roll roll NN 30803 276 11 form form NN 30803 276 12 of of IN 30803 276 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 276 14 scriptures scripture NNS 30803 276 15 . . . 30803 277 1 The the DT 30803 277 2 Pagan Pagan NNP 30803 277 3 adhered adhere VBD 30803 277 4 to to IN 30803 277 5 the the DT 30803 277 6 rolls roll NNS 30803 277 7 with with IN 30803 277 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 277 9 associations association NNS 30803 277 10 of of IN 30803 277 11 classic classic JJ 30803 277 12 culture culture NN 30803 277 13 . . . 30803 278 1 The the DT 30803 278 2 final final JJ 30803 278 3 passing passing NN 30803 278 4 out out IN 30803 278 5 of of IN 30803 278 6 the the DT 30803 278 7 roll roll NN 30803 278 8 and and CC 30803 278 9 victory victory NN 30803 278 10 of of IN 30803 278 11 the the DT 30803 278 12 book book NN 30803 278 13 are be VBP 30803 278 14 contemporary contemporary JJ 30803 278 15 with with IN 30803 278 16 the the DT 30803 278 17 victory victory NN 30803 278 18 of of IN 30803 278 19 Christianity Christianity NNP 30803 278 20 over over IN 30803 278 21 Paganism Paganism NNP 30803 278 22 and and CC 30803 278 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 30803 278 24 adoption adoption NN 30803 278 25 as as IN 30803 278 26 the the DT 30803 278 27 religion religion NN 30803 278 28 of of IN 30803 278 29 the the DT 30803 278 30 empire empire NN 30803 278 31 . . . 30803 279 1 [ [ -LRB- 30803 279 2 Illustration illustration NN 30803 279 3 : : : 30803 279 4 Byzantine Byzantine NNP 30803 279 5 Binding Binding NNP 30803 279 6 of of IN 30803 279 7 about about RB 30803 279 8 1000 1000 CD 30803 279 9 A.D. A.D. NNP 30803 279 10 ( ( -LRB- 30803 279 11 The the DT 30803 279 12 plate plate NN 30803 279 13 is be VBZ 30803 279 14 metal metal NN 30803 279 15 and and CC 30803 279 16 the the DT 30803 279 17 decorations decoration NNS 30803 279 18 are be VBP 30803 279 19 enamel enamel NNP 30803 279 20 and and CC 30803 279 21 jewels jewel NNS 30803 279 22 . . . 30803 279 23 ) ) -RRB- 30803 279 24 ] ] -RRB- 30803 280 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 30803 280 2 IV IV NNP 30803 280 3 _ _ NNP 30803 280 4 Making make VBG 30803 280 5 the the DT 30803 280 6 Manuscripts Manuscripts NNPS 30803 280 7 _ _ NNP 30803 280 8 As as IN 30803 280 9 has have VBZ 30803 280 10 already already RB 30803 280 11 been be VBN 30803 280 12 said say VBN 30803 280 13 the the DT 30803 280 14 papyrus papyrus JJ 30803 280 15 manuscripts manuscript NNS 30803 280 16 were be VBD 30803 280 17 ordinarily ordinarily RB 30803 280 18 written write VBN 30803 280 19 in in IN 30803 280 20 columns column NNS 30803 280 21 at at IN 30803 280 22 right right JJ 30803 280 23 angles angle NNS 30803 280 24 to to IN 30803 280 25 the the DT 30803 280 26 length length NN 30803 280 27 of of IN 30803 280 28 the the DT 30803 280 29 roll roll NN 30803 280 30 . . . 30803 281 1 These these DT 30803 281 2 columns column NNS 30803 281 3 were be VBD 30803 281 4 from from IN 30803 281 5 two two CD 30803 281 6 inches inch NNS 30803 281 7 to to IN 30803 281 8 three three CD 30803 281 9 and and CC 30803 281 10 a a DT 30803 281 11 half half NN 30803 281 12 inches inch NNS 30803 281 13 in in IN 30803 281 14 width width NN 30803 281 15 . . . 30803 282 1 They -PRON- PRP 30803 282 2 were be VBD 30803 282 3 ordinarily ordinarily RB 30803 282 4 written write VBN 30803 282 5 on on IN 30803 282 6 one one CD 30803 282 7 side side NN 30803 282 8 of of IN 30803 282 9 the the DT 30803 282 10 roll roll NN 30803 282 11 only only RB 30803 282 12 . . . 30803 283 1 As as IN 30803 283 2 the the DT 30803 283 3 older old JJR 30803 283 4 writing writing NN 30803 283 5 materials material NNS 30803 283 6 were be VBD 30803 283 7 always always RB 30803 283 8 scarce scarce JJ 30803 283 9 and and CC 30803 283 10 expensive expensive JJ 30803 283 11 , , , 30803 283 12 the the DT 30803 283 13 backs back NNS 30803 283 14 of of IN 30803 283 15 the the DT 30803 283 16 rolls roll NNS 30803 283 17 were be VBD 30803 283 18 sometimes sometimes RB 30803 283 19 utilized utilize VBN 30803 283 20 , , , 30803 283 21 but but CC 30803 283 22 very very RB 30803 283 23 rarely rarely RB 30803 283 24 for for IN 30803 283 25 the the DT 30803 283 26 continuation continuation NN 30803 283 27 of of IN 30803 283 28 the the DT 30803 283 29 matter matter NN 30803 283 30 written write VBN 30803 283 31 on on IN 30803 283 32 the the DT 30803 283 33 other other JJ 30803 283 34 side side NN 30803 283 35 . . . 30803 284 1 If if IN 30803 284 2 writing writing NN 30803 284 3 appears appear VBZ 30803 284 4 on on IN 30803 284 5 the the DT 30803 284 6 back back NN 30803 284 7 of of IN 30803 284 8 a a DT 30803 284 9 roll roll NN 30803 284 10 , , , 30803 284 11 except except IN 30803 284 12 in in IN 30803 284 13 the the DT 30803 284 14 rare rare JJ 30803 284 15 cases case NNS 30803 284 16 where where WRB 30803 284 17 the the DT 30803 284 18 handwriting handwriting NN 30803 284 19 is be VBZ 30803 284 20 identical identical JJ 30803 284 21 with with IN 30803 284 22 that that DT 30803 284 23 on on IN 30803 284 24 the the DT 30803 284 25 face face NN 30803 284 26 , , , 30803 284 27 the the DT 30803 284 28 subject subject JJ 30803 284 29 matter matter NN 30803 284 30 is be VBZ 30803 284 31 of of IN 30803 284 32 an an DT 30803 284 33 entirely entirely RB 30803 284 34 different different JJ 30803 284 35 character character NN 30803 284 36 from from IN 30803 284 37 the the DT 30803 284 38 original original JJ 30803 284 39 and and CC 30803 284 40 may may MD 30803 284 41 safely safely RB 30803 284 42 be be VB 30803 284 43 regarded regard VBN 30803 284 44 as as IN 30803 284 45 much much RB 30803 284 46 younger young JJR 30803 284 47 . . . 30803 285 1 The the DT 30803 285 2 title title NN 30803 285 3 was be VBD 30803 285 4 ordinarily ordinarily RB 30803 285 5 placed place VBN 30803 285 6 at at IN 30803 285 7 the the DT 30803 285 8 end end NN 30803 285 9 of of IN 30803 285 10 the the DT 30803 285 11 book book NN 30803 285 12 although although IN 30803 285 13 sometimes sometimes RB 30803 285 14 it -PRON- PRP 30803 285 15 appeared appear VBD 30803 285 16 at at IN 30803 285 17 the the DT 30803 285 18 beginning beginning NN 30803 285 19 or or CC 30803 285 20 in in IN 30803 285 21 both both DT 30803 285 22 places place NNS 30803 285 23 . . . 30803 286 1 The the DT 30803 286 2 title title NN 30803 286 3 was be VBD 30803 286 4 sometimes sometimes RB 30803 286 5 written write VBN 30803 286 6 on on IN 30803 286 7 the the DT 30803 286 8 outside outside NN 30803 286 9 of of IN 30803 286 10 the the DT 30803 286 11 roll roll NN 30803 286 12 but but CC 30803 286 13 more more RBR 30803 286 14 often often RB 30803 286 15 was be VBD 30803 286 16 written write VBN 30803 286 17 on on IN 30803 286 18 a a DT 30803 286 19 tag tag NN 30803 286 20 which which WDT 30803 286 21 was be VBD 30803 286 22 attached attach VBN 30803 286 23 to to IN 30803 286 24 the the DT 30803 286 25 end end NN 30803 286 26 of of IN 30803 286 27 the the DT 30803 286 28 roll roll NN 30803 286 29 or or CC 30803 286 30 to to IN 30803 286 31 the the DT 30803 286 32 stick stick NN 30803 286 33 upon upon IN 30803 286 34 which which WDT 30803 286 35 the the DT 30803 286 36 papyrus papyrus NN 30803 286 37 was be VBD 30803 286 38 rolled roll VBN 30803 286 39 . . . 30803 287 1 Very very RB 30803 287 2 wide wide JJ 30803 287 3 margins margin NNS 30803 287 4 were be VBD 30803 287 5 left leave VBN 30803 287 6 at at IN 30803 287 7 each each DT 30803 287 8 end end NN 30803 287 9 of of IN 30803 287 10 the the DT 30803 287 11 roll roll NN 30803 287 12 . . . 30803 288 1 The the DT 30803 288 2 ends end NNS 30803 288 3 of of IN 30803 288 4 the the DT 30803 288 5 roll roll NN 30803 288 6 were be VBD 30803 288 7 trimmed trim VBN 30803 288 8 , , , 30803 288 9 rubbed rub VBD 30803 288 10 smooth smooth JJ 30803 288 11 and and CC 30803 288 12 sometimes sometimes RB 30803 288 13 colored color VBN 30803 288 14 . . . 30803 289 1 The the DT 30803 289 2 rolls roll NNS 30803 289 3 were be VBD 30803 289 4 sometimes sometimes RB 30803 289 5 wrapped wrap VBN 30803 289 6 in in IN 30803 289 7 cloth cloth NN 30803 289 8 and and CC 30803 289 9 sometimes sometimes RB 30803 289 10 put put VBP 30803 289 11 in in RP 30803 289 12 cylindrical cylindrical JJ 30803 289 13 cases case NNS 30803 289 14 . . . 30803 290 1 Whether whether IN 30803 290 2 or or CC 30803 290 3 not not RB 30803 290 4 this this DT 30803 290 5 was be VBD 30803 290 6 done do VBN 30803 290 7 , , , 30803 290 8 the the DT 30803 290 9 rolls roll NNS 30803 290 10 were be VBD 30803 290 11 usually usually RB 30803 290 12 kept keep VBN 30803 290 13 in in IN 30803 290 14 cupboards cupboard NNS 30803 290 15 piled pile VBN 30803 290 16 on on IN 30803 290 17 shelves shelf NNS 30803 290 18 ; ; : 30803 290 19 hence hence RB 30803 290 20 the the DT 30803 290 21 usefulness usefulness NN 30803 290 22 of of IN 30803 290 23 the the DT 30803 290 24 tag tag NN 30803 290 25 bearing bear VBG 30803 290 26 the the DT 30803 290 27 title title NN 30803 290 28 . . . 30803 291 1 When when WRB 30803 291 2 the the DT 30803 291 3 vellum vellum NN 30803 291 4 book book NN 30803 291 5 took take VBD 30803 291 6 the the DT 30803 291 7 place place NN 30803 291 8 of of IN 30803 291 9 the the DT 30803 291 10 papyrus papyrus NNP 30803 291 11 roll roll NN 30803 291 12 consideration consideration NN 30803 291 13 was be VBD 30803 291 14 at at IN 30803 291 15 once once RB 30803 291 16 given give VBN 30803 291 17 to to IN 30803 291 18 the the DT 30803 291 19 peculiarities peculiarity NNS 30803 291 20 of of IN 30803 291 21 the the DT 30803 291 22 material material NN 30803 291 23 . . . 30803 292 1 The the DT 30803 292 2 hair hair NN 30803 292 3 side side NN 30803 292 4 and and CC 30803 292 5 the the DT 30803 292 6 flesh flesh NN 30803 292 7 side side NN 30803 292 8 of of IN 30803 292 9 the the DT 30803 292 10 skin skin NN 30803 292 11 are be VBP 30803 292 12 different different JJ 30803 292 13 in in IN 30803 292 14 color color NN 30803 292 15 and and CC 30803 292 16 texture texture NN 30803 292 17 . . . 30803 293 1 Care care NN 30803 293 2 was be VBD 30803 293 3 taken take VBN 30803 293 4 to to TO 30803 293 5 arrange arrange VB 30803 293 6 the the DT 30803 293 7 sheets sheet NNS 30803 293 8 in in IN 30803 293 9 quires quire NNS 30803 293 10 in in IN 30803 293 11 such such JJ 30803 293 12 way way NN 30803 293 13 that that IN 30803 293 14 the the DT 30803 293 15 two two CD 30803 293 16 pages page NNS 30803 293 17 which which WDT 30803 293 18 were be VBD 30803 293 19 under under IN 30803 293 20 the the DT 30803 293 21 eye eye NN 30803 293 22 together together RB 30803 293 23 should should MD 30803 293 24 be be VB 30803 293 25 made make VBN 30803 293 26 on on IN 30803 293 27 the the DT 30803 293 28 same same JJ 30803 293 29 side side NN 30803 293 30 of of IN 30803 293 31 the the DT 30803 293 32 skin skin NN 30803 293 33 . . . 30803 294 1 The the DT 30803 294 2 outside outside JJ 30803 294 3 page page NN 30803 294 4 of of IN 30803 294 5 a a DT 30803 294 6 Latin latin JJ 30803 294 7 codex codex NN 30803 294 8 was be VBD 30803 294 9 ordinarily ordinarily RB 30803 294 10 the the DT 30803 294 11 skin skin NN 30803 294 12 side side NN 30803 294 13 . . . 30803 295 1 By by IN 30803 295 2 reversing reverse VBG 30803 295 3 the the DT 30803 295 4 fold fold NN 30803 295 5 of of IN 30803 295 6 the the DT 30803 295 7 inner inner JJ 30803 295 8 sheets sheet NNS 30803 295 9 of of IN 30803 295 10 the the DT 30803 295 11 quire quire NN 30803 295 12 , , , 30803 295 13 pages page NNS 30803 295 14 two two CD 30803 295 15 and and CC 30803 295 16 three three CD 30803 295 17 would would MD 30803 295 18 be be VB 30803 295 19 the the DT 30803 295 20 flesh flesh NN 30803 295 21 side side NN 30803 295 22 , , , 30803 295 23 four four CD 30803 295 24 and and CC 30803 295 25 five five CD 30803 295 26 the the DT 30803 295 27 hair hair NN 30803 295 28 side side NN 30803 295 29 and and CC 30803 295 30 so so RB 30803 295 31 on on RB 30803 295 32 . . . 30803 296 1 When when WRB 30803 296 2 paper paper NN 30803 296 3 began begin VBD 30803 296 4 to to TO 30803 296 5 come come VB 30803 296 6 into into IN 30803 296 7 use use NN 30803 296 8 it -PRON- PRP 30803 296 9 was be VBD 30803 296 10 at at IN 30803 296 11 first first RB 30803 296 12 strengthened strengthen VBN 30803 296 13 by by IN 30803 296 14 having have VBG 30803 296 15 a a DT 30803 296 16 covering covering NN 30803 296 17 sheet sheet NN 30803 296 18 of of IN 30803 296 19 vellum vellum NN 30803 296 20 for for IN 30803 296 21 each each DT 30803 296 22 quire quire NN 30803 296 23 , , , 30803 296 24 very very RB 30803 296 25 much much RB 30803 296 26 as as IN 30803 296 27 we -PRON- PRP 30803 296 28 use use VBP 30803 296 29 a a DT 30803 296 30 sheet sheet NN 30803 296 31 of of IN 30803 296 32 cover cover NN 30803 296 33 paper paper NN 30803 296 34 on on IN 30803 296 35 the the DT 30803 296 36 outside outside NN 30803 296 37 of of IN 30803 296 38 a a DT 30803 296 39 pamphlet pamphlet NN 30803 296 40 . . . 30803 297 1 A a DT 30803 297 2 sheet sheet NN 30803 297 3 of of IN 30803 297 4 vellum vellum NN 30803 297 5 was be VBD 30803 297 6 also also RB 30803 297 7 sometimes sometimes RB 30803 297 8 inserted insert VBN 30803 297 9 in in IN 30803 297 10 the the DT 30803 297 11 middle middle NN 30803 297 12 of of IN 30803 297 13 the the DT 30803 297 14 quire quire NN 30803 297 15 so so IN 30803 297 16 that that IN 30803 297 17 the the DT 30803 297 18 paper paper NN 30803 297 19 would would MD 30803 297 20 be be VB 30803 297 21 stitched stitch VBN 30803 297 22 between between IN 30803 297 23 the the DT 30803 297 24 two two CD 30803 297 25 vellum vellum NN 30803 297 26 sheets sheet NNS 30803 297 27 . . . 30803 298 1 Originally originally RB 30803 298 2 the the DT 30803 298 3 narrow narrow JJ 30803 298 4 columns column NNS 30803 298 5 of of IN 30803 298 6 the the DT 30803 298 7 papyrus papyrus JJ 30803 298 8 roll roll NN 30803 298 9 were be VBD 30803 298 10 transferred transfer VBN 30803 298 11 to to IN 30803 298 12 the the DT 30803 298 13 vellum vellum NN 30803 298 14 page page NN 30803 298 15 but but CC 30803 298 16 gradually gradually RB 30803 298 17 the the DT 30803 298 18 lines line NNS 30803 298 19 were be VBD 30803 298 20 lengthened lengthen VBN 30803 298 21 until until IN 30803 298 22 the the DT 30803 298 23 page page NN 30803 298 24 had have VBD 30803 298 25 one one CD 30803 298 26 column column NN 30803 298 27 or or CC 30803 298 28 at at IN 30803 298 29 most most RBS 30803 298 30 two two CD 30803 298 31 . . . 30803 299 1 For for IN 30803 299 2 example example NN 30803 299 3 , , , 30803 299 4 the the DT 30803 299 5 Sinaitic sinaitic JJ 30803 299 6 codex codex NN 30803 299 7 of of IN 30803 299 8 the the DT 30803 299 9 Bible Bible NNP 30803 299 10 which which WDT 30803 299 11 dates date VBZ 30803 299 12 from from IN 30803 299 13 the the DT 30803 299 14 4th 4th JJ 30803 299 15 century century NN 30803 299 16 has have VBZ 30803 299 17 four four CD 30803 299 18 columns column NNS 30803 299 19 to to IN 30803 299 20 the the DT 30803 299 21 page page NN 30803 299 22 . . . 30803 300 1 The the DT 30803 300 2 Vatican Vatican NNP 30803 300 3 codex codex NN 30803 300 4 also also RB 30803 300 5 dated date VBD 30803 300 6 from from IN 30803 300 7 the the DT 30803 300 8 4th 4th JJ 30803 300 9 century century NN 30803 300 10 has have VBZ 30803 300 11 three three CD 30803 300 12 . . . 30803 301 1 The the DT 30803 301 2 Alexandrian alexandrian JJ 30803 301 3 codex codex NN 30803 301 4 which which WDT 30803 301 5 dates date VBZ 30803 301 6 from from IN 30803 301 7 the the DT 30803 301 8 very very RB 30803 301 9 late late JJ 30803 301 10 4th 4th NN 30803 301 11 or or CC 30803 301 12 the the DT 30803 301 13 early early JJ 30803 301 14 5th 5th NN 30803 301 15 has have VBZ 30803 301 16 two two CD 30803 301 17 , , , 30803 301 18 while while IN 30803 301 19 the the DT 30803 301 20 codex codex NN 30803 301 21 of of IN 30803 301 22 Beza Beza NNP 30803 301 23 which which WDT 30803 301 24 dates date VBZ 30803 301 25 from from IN 30803 301 26 the the DT 30803 301 27 6th 6th JJ 30803 301 28 century century NN 30803 301 29 has have VBZ 30803 301 30 but but CC 30803 301 31 one one CD 30803 301 32 column column NN 30803 301 33 to to IN 30803 301 34 the the DT 30803 301 35 page page NN 30803 301 36 . . . 30803 302 1 In in IN 30803 302 2 order order NN 30803 302 3 to to TO 30803 302 4 prevent prevent VB 30803 302 5 mistakes mistake NNS 30803 302 6 in in IN 30803 302 7 the the DT 30803 302 8 putting putting NN 30803 302 9 together together RB 30803 302 10 of of IN 30803 302 11 the the DT 30803 302 12 quires quire NNS 30803 302 13 a a DT 30803 302 14 quire quire NN 30803 302 15 mark mark NN 30803 302 16 was be VBD 30803 302 17 put put VBN 30803 302 18 on on IN 30803 302 19 each each DT 30803 302 20 quire quire NN 30803 302 21 , , , 30803 302 22 sometimes sometimes RB 30803 302 23 on on IN 30803 302 24 the the DT 30803 302 25 first first JJ 30803 302 26 sheet sheet NN 30803 302 27 and and CC 30803 302 28 sometimes sometimes RB 30803 302 29 on on IN 30803 302 30 the the DT 30803 302 31 last last JJ 30803 302 32 sheet sheet NN 30803 302 33 . . . 30803 303 1 In in IN 30803 303 2 the the DT 30803 303 3 11th 11th JJ 30803 303 4 century century NN 30803 303 5 catch catch NN 30803 303 6 - - HYPH 30803 303 7 words word NNS 30803 303 8 were be VBD 30803 303 9 used use VBN 30803 303 10 to to TO 30803 303 11 show show VB 30803 303 12 the the DT 30803 303 13 connection connection NN 30803 303 14 of of IN 30803 303 15 the the DT 30803 303 16 quires quire NNS 30803 303 17 . . . 30803 304 1 The the DT 30803 304 2 scribes scribe NNS 30803 304 3 took take VBD 30803 304 4 great great JJ 30803 304 5 pains pain NNS 30803 304 6 with with IN 30803 304 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 304 8 manuscripts manuscript NNS 30803 304 9 and and CC 30803 304 10 ruled rule VBD 30803 304 11 them -PRON- PRP 30803 304 12 carefully carefully RB 30803 304 13 before before IN 30803 304 14 writing writing NN 30803 304 15 . . . 30803 305 1 The the DT 30803 305 2 lines line NNS 30803 305 3 were be VBD 30803 305 4 pricked prick VBN 30803 305 5 off off RP 30803 305 6 carefully carefully RB 30803 305 7 by by IN 30803 305 8 the the DT 30803 305 9 use use NN 30803 305 10 of of IN 30803 305 11 compasses compass NNS 30803 305 12 and and CC 30803 305 13 ruled rule VBD 30803 305 14 with with IN 30803 305 15 a a DT 30803 305 16 stylus stylus NN 30803 305 17 which which WDT 30803 305 18 made make VBD 30803 305 19 a a DT 30803 305 20 mark mark NN 30803 305 21 or or CC 30803 305 22 crease crease NN 30803 305 23 on on IN 30803 305 24 the the DT 30803 305 25 vellum vellum NN 30803 305 26 . . . 30803 306 1 This this DT 30803 306 2 was be VBD 30803 306 3 ordinarily ordinarily RB 30803 306 4 applied apply VBN 30803 306 5 with with IN 30803 306 6 force force NN 30803 306 7 enough enough JJ 30803 306 8 to to TO 30803 306 9 make make VB 30803 306 10 a a DT 30803 306 11 raised raise VBN 30803 306 12 line line NN 30803 306 13 on on IN 30803 306 14 the the DT 30803 306 15 back back NN 30803 306 16 of of IN 30803 306 17 the the DT 30803 306 18 page page NN 30803 306 19 and and CC 30803 306 20 sometimes sometimes RB 30803 306 21 with with IN 30803 306 22 force force NN 30803 306 23 enough enough JJ 30803 306 24 to to TO 30803 306 25 show show VB 30803 306 26 through through IN 30803 306 27 two two CD 30803 306 28 or or CC 30803 306 29 three three CD 30803 306 30 pages page NNS 30803 306 31 . . . 30803 307 1 Later later RB 30803 307 2 these these DT 30803 307 3 rulings ruling NNS 30803 307 4 were be VBD 30803 307 5 colored color VBN 30803 307 6 with with IN 30803 307 7 inks ink NNS 30803 307 8 of of IN 30803 307 9 brilliant brilliant JJ 30803 307 10 hues hue NNS 30803 307 11 and and CC 30803 307 12 formed form VBD 30803 307 13 part part NN 30803 307 14 of of IN 30803 307 15 the the DT 30803 307 16 decoration decoration NN 30803 307 17 of of IN 30803 307 18 the the DT 30803 307 19 manuscript manuscript NN 30803 307 20 . . . 30803 308 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 308 2 has have VBZ 30803 308 3 been be VBN 30803 308 4 claimed claim VBN 30803 308 5 that that IN 30803 308 6 a a DT 30803 308 7 certain certain JJ 30803 308 8 manuscript manuscript NN 30803 308 9 , , , 30803 308 10 probably probably RB 30803 308 11 dating date VBG 30803 308 12 from from IN 30803 308 13 the the DT 30803 308 14 13th 13th JJ 30803 308 15 century century NN 30803 308 16 , , , 30803 308 17 shows show VBZ 30803 308 18 signs sign NNS 30803 308 19 of of IN 30803 308 20 having have VBG 30803 308 21 been be VBN 30803 308 22 ruled rule VBN 30803 308 23 with with IN 30803 308 24 a a DT 30803 308 25 lead lead JJ 30803 308 26 pencil pencil NN 30803 308 27 . . . 30803 309 1 This this DT 30803 309 2 is be VBZ 30803 309 3 very very RB 30803 309 4 doubtful doubtful JJ 30803 309 5 , , , 30803 309 6 however however RB 30803 309 7 . . . 30803 310 1 The the DT 30803 310 2 first first JJ 30803 310 3 distinct distinct JJ 30803 310 4 mention mention NN 30803 310 5 of of IN 30803 310 6 lead lead NN 30803 310 7 pencils pencil NNS 30803 310 8 which which WDT 30803 310 9 we -PRON- PRP 30803 310 10 have have VBP 30803 310 11 is be VBZ 30803 310 12 about about IN 30803 310 13 1565 1565 CD 30803 310 14 . . . 30803 311 1 These these DT 30803 311 2 pencils pencil NNS 30803 311 3 were be VBD 30803 311 4 made make VBN 30803 311 5 of of IN 30803 311 6 wood wood NN 30803 311 7 and and CC 30803 311 8 strips strip NNS 30803 311 9 of of IN 30803 311 10 natural natural JJ 30803 311 11 graphite graphite NN 30803 311 12 . . . 30803 312 1 The the DT 30803 312 2 older old JJR 30803 312 3 literary literary JJ 30803 312 4 manuscripts manuscript NNS 30803 312 5 were be VBD 30803 312 6 written write VBN 30803 312 7 entirely entirely RB 30803 312 8 in in IN 30803 312 9 capital capital NN 30803 312 10 letters letter NNS 30803 312 11 without without IN 30803 312 12 any any DT 30803 312 13 spacing spacing NN 30803 312 14 between between IN 30803 312 15 the the DT 30803 312 16 words word NNS 30803 312 17 . . . 30803 313 1 The the DT 30803 313 2 cursive cursive JJ 30803 313 3 or or CC 30803 313 4 running run VBG 30803 313 5 hand hand NN 30803 313 6 with with IN 30803 313 7 the the DT 30803 313 8 letters letter NNS 30803 313 9 smaller small JJR 30803 313 10 and and CC 30803 313 11 more more RBR 30803 313 12 or or CC 30803 313 13 less less RBR 30803 313 14 connected connected JJ 30803 313 15 appears appear NNS 30803 313 16 in in IN 30803 313 17 manuscripts manuscript NNS 30803 313 18 of of IN 30803 313 19 later later JJ 30803 313 20 date date NN 30803 313 21 . . . 30803 314 1 In in IN 30803 314 2 the the DT 30803 314 3 older old JJR 30803 314 4 manuscripts manuscript NNS 30803 314 5 marks mark NNS 30803 314 6 were be VBD 30803 314 7 introduced introduce VBN 30803 314 8 to to TO 30803 314 9 show show VB 30803 314 10 the the DT 30803 314 11 ends end NNS 30803 314 12 of of IN 30803 314 13 sentences sentence NNS 30803 314 14 and and CC 30803 314 15 occasionally occasionally RB 30803 314 16 dots dot NNS 30803 314 17 were be VBD 30803 314 18 inserted insert VBN 30803 314 19 to to TO 30803 314 20 mark mark VB 30803 314 21 the the DT 30803 314 22 separation separation NN 30803 314 23 of of IN 30803 314 24 words word NNS 30803 314 25 where where WRB 30803 314 26 otherwise otherwise RB 30803 314 27 the the DT 30803 314 28 meaning meaning NN 30803 314 29 would would MD 30803 314 30 be be VB 30803 314 31 ambiguous ambiguous JJ 30803 314 32 . . . 30803 315 1 These these DT 30803 315 2 marks mark NNS 30803 315 3 , , , 30803 315 4 however however RB 30803 315 5 , , , 30803 315 6 are be VBP 30803 315 7 not not RB 30803 315 8 related relate VBN 30803 315 9 to to IN 30803 315 10 our -PRON- PRP$ 30803 315 11 modern modern JJ 30803 315 12 punctuation punctuation NN 30803 315 13 . . . 30803 316 1 The the DT 30803 316 2 tendency tendency NN 30803 316 3 to to TO 30803 316 4 separate separate VB 30803 316 5 words word NNS 30803 316 6 appears appear VBZ 30803 316 7 first first JJ 30803 316 8 in in IN 30803 316 9 non non JJ 30803 316 10 - - JJ 30803 316 11 literary literary JJ 30803 316 12 documents document NNS 30803 316 13 , , , 30803 316 14 such such JJ 30803 316 15 as as IN 30803 316 16 legal legal JJ 30803 316 17 documents document NNS 30803 316 18 or or CC 30803 316 19 matters matter NNS 30803 316 20 of of IN 30803 316 21 record record NN 30803 316 22 . . . 30803 317 1 As as IN 30803 317 2 the the DT 30803 317 3 tendency tendency NN 30803 317 4 to to TO 30803 317 5 separate separate VB 30803 317 6 words word NNS 30803 317 7 developed develop VBN 30803 317 8 at at IN 30803 317 9 first first RB 30803 317 10 only only RB 30803 317 11 the the DT 30803 317 12 long long JJ 30803 317 13 words word NNS 30803 317 14 were be VBD 30803 317 15 separated separate VBN 30803 317 16 and and CC 30803 317 17 for for IN 30803 317 18 a a DT 30803 317 19 long long JJ 30803 317 20 time time NN 30803 317 21 short short JJ 30803 317 22 words word NNS 30803 317 23 were be VBD 30803 317 24 connected connect VBN 30803 317 25 with with IN 30803 317 26 those those DT 30803 317 27 before before IN 30803 317 28 them -PRON- PRP 30803 317 29 as as IN 30803 317 30 is be VBZ 30803 317 31 still still RB 30803 317 32 done do VBN 30803 317 33 in in IN 30803 317 34 Italian Italian NNP 30803 317 35 . . . 30803 318 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 318 2 was be VBD 30803 318 3 not not RB 30803 318 4 until until IN 30803 318 5 the the DT 30803 318 6 11th 11th JJ 30803 318 7 century century NN 30803 318 8 that that WDT 30803 318 9 the the DT 30803 318 10 custom custom NN 30803 318 11 of of IN 30803 318 12 spacing space VBG 30803 318 13 all all DT 30803 318 14 words word NNS 30803 318 15 became become VBD 30803 318 16 general general JJ 30803 318 17 and and CC 30803 318 18 then then RB 30803 318 19 only only RB 30803 318 20 in in IN 30803 318 21 Latin latin JJ 30803 318 22 manuscripts manuscript NNS 30803 318 23 . . . 30803 319 1 The the DT 30803 319 2 correct correct JJ 30803 319 3 separation separation NN 30803 319 4 of of IN 30803 319 5 words word NNS 30803 319 6 in in IN 30803 319 7 Greek greek JJ 30803 319 8 manuscripts manuscript NNS 30803 319 9 was be VBD 30803 319 10 never never RB 30803 319 11 established establish VBN 30803 319 12 until until IN 30803 319 13 the the DT 30803 319 14 manuscripts manuscript NNS 30803 319 15 themselves -PRON- PRP 30803 319 16 were be VBD 30803 319 17 superseded supersede VBN 30803 319 18 by by IN 30803 319 19 printing print VBG 30803 319 20 in in IN 30803 319 21 the the DT 30803 319 22 15th 15th JJ 30803 319 23 century century NN 30803 319 24 . . . 30803 320 1 The the DT 30803 320 2 paragraph paragraph NN 30803 320 3 appears appear VBZ 30803 320 4 as as RB 30803 320 5 early early RB 30803 320 6 as as IN 30803 320 7 the the DT 30803 320 8 4th 4th JJ 30803 320 9 century century NN 30803 320 10 B.C. B.C. NNP 30803 321 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 321 2 was be VBD 30803 321 3 generally generally RB 30803 321 4 indicated indicate VBN 30803 321 5 , , , 30803 321 6 however however RB 30803 321 7 , , , 30803 321 8 by by IN 30803 321 9 a a DT 30803 321 10 horizontal horizontal JJ 30803 321 11 mark mark NN 30803 321 12 rather rather RB 30803 321 13 than than IN 30803 321 14 by by IN 30803 321 15 spacing space VBG 30803 321 16 . . . 30803 322 1 The the DT 30803 322 2 indenting indenting NN 30803 322 3 of of IN 30803 322 4 the the DT 30803 322 5 paragraph paragraph NN 30803 322 6 came come VBD 30803 322 7 later later RBR 30803 322 8 and and CC 30803 322 9 was be VBD 30803 322 10 followed follow VBN 30803 322 11 by by IN 30803 322 12 the the DT 30803 322 13 use use NN 30803 322 14 of of IN 30803 322 15 the the DT 30803 322 16 larger large JJR 30803 322 17 letter letter NN 30803 322 18 , , , 30803 322 19 first first RB 30803 322 20 employed employ VBN 30803 322 21 to to TO 30803 322 22 indicate indicate VB 30803 322 23 the the DT 30803 322 24 beginning beginning NN 30803 322 25 of of IN 30803 322 26 the the DT 30803 322 27 sentences sentence NNS 30803 322 28 . . . 30803 323 1 The the DT 30803 323 2 development development NN 30803 323 3 of of IN 30803 323 4 the the DT 30803 323 5 sentence sentence NN 30803 323 6 itself -PRON- PRP 30803 323 7 as as IN 30803 323 8 a a DT 30803 323 9 device device NN 30803 323 10 in in IN 30803 323 11 composition composition NN 30803 323 12 was be VBD 30803 323 13 somewhat somewhat RB 30803 323 14 similar similar JJ 30803 323 15 to to IN 30803 323 16 that that DT 30803 323 17 of of IN 30803 323 18 the the DT 30803 323 19 paragraph paragraph NN 30803 323 20 . . . 30803 324 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 324 2 is be VBZ 30803 324 3 difficult difficult JJ 30803 324 4 to to TO 30803 324 5 tell tell VB 30803 324 6 where where WRB 30803 324 7 the the DT 30803 324 8 use use NN 30803 324 9 of of IN 30803 324 10 punctuation punctuation NN 30803 324 11 begins begin VBZ 30803 324 12 . . . 30803 325 1 Some some DT 30803 325 2 very very RB 30803 325 3 early early JJ 30803 325 4 manuscripts manuscript NNS 30803 325 5 show show VBP 30803 325 6 the the DT 30803 325 7 rudiments rudiment NNS 30803 325 8 of of IN 30803 325 9 it -PRON- PRP 30803 325 10 . . . 30803 326 1 The the DT 30803 326 2 first first JJ 30803 326 3 punctuation punctuation NN 30803 326 4 mark mark NN 30803 326 5 was be VBD 30803 326 6 the the DT 30803 326 7 stop stop NN 30803 326 8 at at IN 30803 326 9 the the DT 30803 326 10 end end NN 30803 326 11 of of IN 30803 326 12 the the DT 30803 326 13 period period NN 30803 326 14 . . . 30803 327 1 This this DT 30803 327 2 was be VBD 30803 327 3 originally originally RB 30803 327 4 two two CD 30803 327 5 dots dot NNS 30803 327 6 , , , 30803 327 7 or or CC 30803 327 8 our -PRON- PRP$ 30803 327 9 colon colon NN 30803 327 10 . . . 30803 328 1 When when WRB 30803 328 2 this this DT 30803 328 3 became become VBD 30803 328 4 one one CD 30803 328 5 dot dot NN 30803 328 6 it -PRON- PRP 30803 328 7 was be VBD 30803 328 8 at at IN 30803 328 9 first first RB 30803 328 10 the the DT 30803 328 11 lower low JJR 30803 328 12 one one NN 30803 328 13 that that WDT 30803 328 14 was be VBD 30803 328 15 omitted omit VBN 30803 328 16 so so IN 30803 328 17 that that IN 30803 328 18 the the DT 30803 328 19 second second JJ 30803 328 20 form form NN 30803 328 21 of of IN 30803 328 22 the the DT 30803 328 23 period period NN 30803 328 24 is be VBZ 30803 328 25 a a DT 30803 328 26 dot dot NN 30803 328 27 level level NN 30803 328 28 with with IN 30803 328 29 the the DT 30803 328 30 top top NN 30803 328 31 of of IN 30803 328 32 the the DT 30803 328 33 letter letter NN 30803 328 34 . . . 30803 329 1 The the DT 30803 329 2 period period NN 30803 329 3 , , , 30803 329 4 colon colon NN 30803 329 5 , , , 30803 329 6 and and CC 30803 329 7 comma comma NN 30803 329 8 were be VBD 30803 329 9 each each DT 30803 329 10 represented represent VBN 30803 329 11 by by IN 30803 329 12 a a DT 30803 329 13 single single JJ 30803 329 14 dot dot NN 30803 329 15 , , , 30803 329 16 the the DT 30803 329 17 value value NN 30803 329 18 depending depend VBG 30803 329 19 upon upon IN 30803 329 20 whether whether IN 30803 329 21 it -PRON- PRP 30803 329 22 was be VBD 30803 329 23 on on IN 30803 329 24 a a DT 30803 329 25 level level NN 30803 329 26 with with IN 30803 329 27 the the DT 30803 329 28 top top NN 30803 329 29 , , , 30803 329 30 the the DT 30803 329 31 middle middle NN 30803 329 32 , , , 30803 329 33 or or CC 30803 329 34 the the DT 30803 329 35 bottom bottom NN 30803 329 36 of of IN 30803 329 37 the the DT 30803 329 38 letter letter NN 30803 329 39 . . . 30803 330 1 During during IN 30803 330 2 the the DT 30803 330 3 middle middle JJ 30803 330 4 ages age NNS 30803 330 5 a a DT 30803 330 6 system system NN 30803 330 7 of of IN 30803 330 8 punctuation punctuation NN 30803 330 9 was be VBD 30803 330 10 developed develop VBN 30803 330 11 approximately approximately RB 30803 330 12 as as IN 30803 330 13 we -PRON- PRP 30803 330 14 now now RB 30803 330 15 have have VBP 30803 330 16 it -PRON- PRP 30803 330 17 . . . 30803 331 1 Unfortunately unfortunately RB 30803 331 2 words word NNS 30803 331 3 had have VBD 30803 331 4 the the DT 30803 331 5 same same JJ 30803 331 6 tendency tendency NN 30803 331 7 to to TO 30803 331 8 refuse refuse VB 30803 331 9 to to TO 30803 331 10 fit fit VB 30803 331 11 the the DT 30803 331 12 line line NN 30803 331 13 that that WDT 30803 331 14 bothers bother VBZ 30803 331 15 the the DT 30803 331 16 modern modern JJ 30803 331 17 compositor compositor NN 30803 331 18 . . . 30803 332 1 The the DT 30803 332 2 scribe scribe JJ 30803 332 3 , , , 30803 332 4 not not RB 30803 332 5 being be VBG 30803 332 6 limited limit VBN 30803 332 7 by by IN 30803 332 8 the the DT 30803 332 9 resources resource NNS 30803 332 10 of of IN 30803 332 11 a a DT 30803 332 12 font font NN 30803 332 13 of of IN 30803 332 14 type type NN 30803 332 15 , , , 30803 332 16 did do VBD 30803 332 17 not not RB 30803 332 18 hesitate hesitate VB 30803 332 19 to to TO 30803 332 20 crowd crowd VB 30803 332 21 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 332 22 letters letter NNS 30803 332 23 or or CC 30803 332 24 reduce reduce VB 30803 332 25 them -PRON- PRP 30803 332 26 in in IN 30803 332 27 size size NN 30803 332 28 in in IN 30803 332 29 order order NN 30803 332 30 to to TO 30803 332 31 get get VB 30803 332 32 a a DT 30803 332 33 word word NN 30803 332 34 into into IN 30803 332 35 a a DT 30803 332 36 line line NN 30803 332 37 . . . 30803 333 1 He -PRON- PRP 30803 333 2 also also RB 30803 333 3 made make VBD 30803 333 4 use use NN 30803 333 5 of of IN 30803 333 6 various various JJ 30803 333 7 devices device NNS 30803 333 8 of of IN 30803 333 9 abbreviating abbreviate VBG 30803 333 10 words word NNS 30803 333 11 and and CC 30803 333 12 combining combine VBG 30803 333 13 letters letter NNS 30803 333 14 to to TO 30803 333 15 produce produce VB 30803 333 16 the the DT 30803 333 17 same same JJ 30803 333 18 result result NN 30803 333 19 . . . 30803 334 1 These these DT 30803 334 2 devices device NNS 30803 334 3 , , , 30803 334 4 however however RB 30803 334 5 , , , 30803 334 6 were be VBD 30803 334 7 not not RB 30803 334 8 very very RB 30803 334 9 satisfactory satisfactory JJ 30803 334 10 and and CC 30803 334 11 division division NN 30803 334 12 of of IN 30803 334 13 words word NNS 30803 334 14 was be VBD 30803 334 15 always always RB 30803 334 16 more more RBR 30803 334 17 or or CC 30803 334 18 less less RBR 30803 334 19 practiced practice VBN 30803 334 20 . . . 30803 335 1 The the DT 30803 335 2 Greeks Greeks NNPS 30803 335 3 usually usually RB 30803 335 4 divided divide VBN 30803 335 5 after after IN 30803 335 6 a a DT 30803 335 7 vowel vowel NN 30803 335 8 with with IN 30803 335 9 no no DT 30803 335 10 regard regard NN 30803 335 11 to to IN 30803 335 12 syllables syllable NNS 30803 335 13 . . . 30803 336 1 They -PRON- PRP 30803 336 2 even even RB 30803 336 3 divided divide VBD 30803 336 4 monosyllables monosyllable NNS 30803 336 5 in in IN 30803 336 6 this this DT 30803 336 7 way way NN 30803 336 8 . . . 30803 337 1 The the DT 30803 337 2 Romans Romans NNPS 30803 337 3 , , , 30803 337 4 however however RB 30803 337 5 , , , 30803 337 6 always always RB 30803 337 7 practiced practice VBD 30803 337 8 syllabic syllabic JJ 30803 337 9 division division NN 30803 337 10 very very RB 30803 337 11 much much RB 30803 337 12 as as IN 30803 337 13 we -PRON- PRP 30803 337 14 do do VBP 30803 337 15 to to IN 30803 337 16 - - HYPH 30803 337 17 day day NN 30803 337 18 . . . 30803 338 1 Another another DT 30803 338 2 form form NN 30803 338 3 of of IN 30803 338 4 division division NN 30803 338 5 of of IN 30803 338 6 the the DT 30803 338 7 text text NN 30803 338 8 was be VBD 30803 338 9 what what WP 30803 338 10 is be VBZ 30803 338 11 called call VBN 30803 338 12 calometry calometry NN 30803 338 13 , , , 30803 338 14 that that DT 30803 338 15 is be VBZ 30803 338 16 to to TO 30803 338 17 say say VB 30803 338 18 , , , 30803 338 19 the the DT 30803 338 20 breaking break VBG 30803 338 21 up up RP 30803 338 22 of of IN 30803 338 23 the the DT 30803 338 24 text text NN 30803 338 25 into into IN 30803 338 26 short short JJ 30803 338 27 clauses clause NNS 30803 338 28 or or CC 30803 338 29 sense sense NN 30803 338 30 lines line NNS 30803 338 31 to to TO 30803 338 32 facilitate facilitate VB 30803 338 33 oral oral JJ 30803 338 34 reading reading NN 30803 338 35 . . . 30803 339 1 This this DT 30803 339 2 is be VBZ 30803 339 3 done do VBN 30803 339 4 particularly particularly RB 30803 339 5 in in IN 30803 339 6 cases case NNS 30803 339 7 of of IN 30803 339 8 orations oration NNS 30803 339 9 , , , 30803 339 10 the the DT 30803 339 11 Bible Bible NNP 30803 339 12 , , , 30803 339 13 and and CC 30803 339 14 similar similar JJ 30803 339 15 compositions composition NNS 30803 339 16 largely largely RB 30803 339 17 used use VBN 30803 339 18 for for IN 30803 339 19 oral oral JJ 30803 339 20 reading reading NN 30803 339 21 . . . 30803 340 1 As as IN 30803 340 2 in in IN 30803 340 3 the the DT 30803 340 4 papyrus papyrus NN 30803 340 5 , , , 30803 340 6 the the DT 30803 340 7 title title NN 30803 340 8 was be VBD 30803 340 9 ordinarily ordinarily RB 30803 340 10 inserted insert VBN 30803 340 11 at at IN 30803 340 12 the the DT 30803 340 13 end end NN 30803 340 14 and and CC 30803 340 15 accompanied accompany VBN 30803 340 16 by by IN 30803 340 17 some some DT 30803 340 18 account account NN 30803 340 19 of of IN 30803 340 20 the the DT 30803 340 21 work work NN 30803 340 22 , , , 30803 340 23 place place NN 30803 340 24 of of IN 30803 340 25 copying copying NN 30803 340 26 , , , 30803 340 27 copyist copyist VB 30803 340 28 , , , 30803 340 29 date date NN 30803 340 30 , , , 30803 340 31 or or CC 30803 340 32 other other JJ 30803 340 33 information information NN 30803 340 34 . . . 30803 341 1 This this DT 30803 341 2 sort sort NN 30803 341 3 of of IN 30803 341 4 appendix appendix NNP 30803 341 5 was be VBD 30803 341 6 called call VBN 30803 341 7 a a DT 30803 341 8 colophon colophon NN 30803 341 9 . . . 30803 342 1 The the DT 30803 342 2 practice practice NN 30803 342 3 of of IN 30803 342 4 writing writing NN 30803 342 5 colophons colophon NNS 30803 342 6 was be VBD 30803 342 7 taken take VBN 30803 342 8 over over RP 30803 342 9 by by IN 30803 342 10 the the DT 30803 342 11 early early JJ 30803 342 12 printers printer NNS 30803 342 13 and and CC 30803 342 14 is be VBZ 30803 342 15 the the DT 30803 342 16 source source NN 30803 342 17 of of IN 30803 342 18 much much JJ 30803 342 19 of of IN 30803 342 20 our -PRON- PRP$ 30803 342 21 most most RBS 30803 342 22 valuable valuable JJ 30803 342 23 information information NN 30803 342 24 concerning concern VBG 30803 342 25 the the DT 30803 342 26 early early JJ 30803 342 27 products product NNS 30803 342 28 of of IN 30803 342 29 the the DT 30803 342 30 press press NN 30803 342 31 . . . 30803 343 1 Occasionally occasionally RB 30803 343 2 the the DT 30803 343 3 title title NN 30803 343 4 of of IN 30803 343 5 the the DT 30803 343 6 work work NN 30803 343 7 was be VBD 30803 343 8 given give VBN 30803 343 9 at at IN 30803 343 10 the the DT 30803 343 11 beginning beginning NN 30803 343 12 although although IN 30803 343 13 the the DT 30803 343 14 custom custom NN 30803 343 15 of of IN 30803 343 16 beginning begin VBG 30803 343 17 the the DT 30803 343 18 work work NN 30803 343 19 with with IN 30803 343 20 the the DT 30803 343 21 statement statement NN 30803 343 22 of of IN 30803 343 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 30803 343 24 title title NN 30803 343 25 , , , 30803 343 26 developing develop VBG 30803 343 27 into into IN 30803 343 28 the the DT 30803 343 29 title title NN 30803 343 30 page page NN 30803 343 31 as as IN 30803 343 32 we -PRON- PRP 30803 343 33 know know VBP 30803 343 34 it -PRON- PRP 30803 343 35 , , , 30803 343 36 did do VBD 30803 343 37 not not RB 30803 343 38 become become VB 30803 343 39 general general JJ 30803 343 40 until until IN 30803 343 41 some some DT 30803 343 42 time time NN 30803 343 43 after after IN 30803 343 44 the the DT 30803 343 45 invention invention NN 30803 343 46 of of IN 30803 343 47 printing printing NN 30803 343 48 . . . 30803 344 1 Occasionally occasionally RB 30803 344 2 a a DT 30803 344 3 manuscript manuscript NN 30803 344 4 was be VBD 30803 344 5 even even RB 30803 344 6 furnished furnish VBN 30803 344 7 with with IN 30803 344 8 running run VBG 30803 344 9 titles title NNS 30803 344 10 on on IN 30803 344 11 the the DT 30803 344 12 page page NN 30803 344 13 heads head NNS 30803 344 14 . . . 30803 345 1 The the DT 30803 345 2 pages page NNS 30803 345 3 were be VBD 30803 345 4 not not RB 30803 345 5 numbered number VBN 30803 345 6 until until IN 30803 345 7 after after IN 30803 345 8 the the DT 30803 345 9 invention invention NN 30803 345 10 of of IN 30803 345 11 printing printing NN 30803 345 12 . . . 30803 346 1 After after IN 30803 346 2 the the DT 30803 346 3 earliest early JJS 30803 346 4 times time NNS 30803 346 5 quotations quotation NNS 30803 346 6 were be VBD 30803 346 7 indicated indicate VBN 30803 346 8 by by IN 30803 346 9 ticks tick NNS 30803 346 10 on on IN 30803 346 11 the the DT 30803 346 12 margin margin NN 30803 346 13 or or CC 30803 346 14 by by IN 30803 346 15 indented indented JJ 30803 346 16 paragraphs paragraph NNS 30803 346 17 . . . 30803 347 1 Sometimes sometimes RB 30803 347 2 the the DT 30803 347 3 substance substance NN 30803 347 4 of of IN 30803 347 5 the the DT 30803 347 6 quotation quotation NN 30803 347 7 was be VBD 30803 347 8 written write VBN 30803 347 9 in in IN 30803 347 10 a a DT 30803 347 11 smaller small JJR 30803 347 12 hand hand NN 30803 347 13 or or CC 30803 347 14 otherwise otherwise RB 30803 347 15 distinguished distinguish VBN 30803 347 16 from from IN 30803 347 17 the the DT 30803 347 18 body body NN 30803 347 19 of of IN 30803 347 20 the the DT 30803 347 21 text text NN 30803 347 22 . . . 30803 348 1 Scribes scribe NNS 30803 348 2 were be VBD 30803 348 3 by by IN 30803 348 4 no no DT 30803 348 5 means means NN 30803 348 6 infallible infallible JJ 30803 348 7 and and CC 30803 348 8 corrections correction NNS 30803 348 9 are be VBP 30803 348 10 not not RB 30803 348 11 uncommon uncommon JJ 30803 348 12 . . . 30803 349 1 Erasures erasure NNS 30803 349 2 on on IN 30803 349 3 papyrus papyru NNS 30803 349 4 were be VBD 30803 349 5 difficult difficult JJ 30803 349 6 , , , 30803 349 7 if if IN 30803 349 8 not not RB 30803 349 9 impossible impossible JJ 30803 349 10 , , , 30803 349 11 and and CC 30803 349 12 therefore therefore RB 30803 349 13 other other JJ 30803 349 14 means mean NNS 30803 349 15 of of IN 30803 349 16 correction correction NN 30803 349 17 had have VBD 30803 349 18 to to TO 30803 349 19 be be VB 30803 349 20 used use VBN 30803 349 21 . . . 30803 350 1 This this DT 30803 350 2 is be VBZ 30803 350 3 particularly particularly RB 30803 350 4 the the DT 30803 350 5 case case NN 30803 350 6 because because IN 30803 350 7 writing writing NN 30803 350 8 material material NN 30803 350 9 was be VBD 30803 350 10 too too RB 30803 350 11 expensive expensive JJ 30803 350 12 to to TO 30803 350 13 be be VB 30803 350 14 wasted waste VBN 30803 350 15 and and CC 30803 350 16 a a DT 30803 350 17 copyist copyist NN 30803 350 18 's 's POS 30803 350 19 mistake mistake NN 30803 350 20 could could MD 30803 350 21 not not RB 30803 350 22 be be VB 30803 350 23 permitted permit VBN 30803 350 24 to to TO 30803 350 25 spoil spoil VB 30803 350 26 a a DT 30803 350 27 roll roll NN 30803 350 28 of of IN 30803 350 29 a a DT 30803 350 30 papyrus papyrus NN 30803 350 31 or or CC 30803 350 32 a a DT 30803 350 33 sheet sheet NN 30803 350 34 of of IN 30803 350 35 vellum vellum NN 30803 350 36 . . . 30803 351 1 In in IN 30803 351 2 the the DT 30803 351 3 case case NN 30803 351 4 of of IN 30803 351 5 vellum vellum NN 30803 351 6 , , , 30803 351 7 however however RB 30803 351 8 , , , 30803 351 9 if if IN 30803 351 10 the the DT 30803 351 11 mistake mistake NN 30803 351 12 were be VBD 30803 351 13 immediately immediately RB 30803 351 14 discovered discover VBN 30803 351 15 the the DT 30803 351 16 ink ink NN 30803 351 17 could could MD 30803 351 18 be be VB 30803 351 19 washed wash VBN 30803 351 20 off off RP 30803 351 21 with with IN 30803 351 22 a a DT 30803 351 23 sponge sponge NN 30803 351 24 . . . 30803 352 1 If if IN 30803 352 2 , , , 30803 352 3 however however RB 30803 352 4 , , , 30803 352 5 the the DT 30803 352 6 mistake mistake NN 30803 352 7 were be VBD 30803 352 8 discovered discover VBN 30803 352 9 only only RB 30803 352 10 on on IN 30803 352 11 revision revision NN 30803 352 12 after after IN 30803 352 13 the the DT 30803 352 14 ink ink NN 30803 352 15 had have VBD 30803 352 16 bitten bite VBN 30803 352 17 into into IN 30803 352 18 the the DT 30803 352 19 vellum vellum NN 30803 352 20 , , , 30803 352 21 it -PRON- PRP 30803 352 22 was be VBD 30803 352 23 necessary necessary JJ 30803 352 24 to to TO 30803 352 25 use use VB 30803 352 26 the the DT 30803 352 27 knife knife NN 30803 352 28 and and CC 30803 352 29 to to TO 30803 352 30 restore restore VB 30803 352 31 the the DT 30803 352 32 surface surface NN 30803 352 33 as as RB 30803 352 34 well well RB 30803 352 35 as as IN 30803 352 36 possible possible JJ 30803 352 37 by by IN 30803 352 38 rubbing rub VBG 30803 352 39 it -PRON- PRP 30803 352 40 with with IN 30803 352 41 some some DT 30803 352 42 smooth smooth JJ 30803 352 43 hard hard JJ 30803 352 44 substance substance NN 30803 352 45 like like IN 30803 352 46 the the DT 30803 352 47 rubber rubber NN 30803 352 48 shown show VBN 30803 352 49 in in IN 30803 352 50 the the DT 30803 352 51 illustration illustration NN 30803 352 52 on on IN 30803 352 53 page page NN 30803 352 54 13 13 CD 30803 352 55 . . . 30803 353 1 Superfluous superfluous JJ 30803 353 2 letters letter NNS 30803 353 3 or or CC 30803 353 4 words word NNS 30803 353 5 were be VBD 30803 353 6 sometimes sometimes RB 30803 353 7 removed remove VBN 30803 353 8 by by IN 30803 353 9 drawing draw VBG 30803 353 10 a a DT 30803 353 11 pen pen NN 30803 353 12 through through IN 30803 353 13 them -PRON- PRP 30803 353 14 and and CC 30803 353 15 sometimes sometimes RB 30803 353 16 removal removal NN 30803 353 17 was be VBD 30803 353 18 indicated indicate VBN 30803 353 19 by by IN 30803 353 20 dots dot NNS 30803 353 21 , , , 30803 353 22 or or CC 30803 353 23 small small JJ 30803 353 24 marks mark NNS 30803 353 25 , , , 30803 353 26 which which WDT 30803 353 27 might may MD 30803 353 28 be be VB 30803 353 29 over over IN 30803 353 30 the the DT 30803 353 31 letters letter NNS 30803 353 32 , , , 30803 353 33 under under IN 30803 353 34 them -PRON- PRP 30803 353 35 , , , 30803 353 36 or or CC 30803 353 37 even even RB 30803 353 38 in in IN 30803 353 39 the the DT 30803 353 40 open open JJ 30803 353 41 spaces space NNS 30803 353 42 of of IN 30803 353 43 the the DT 30803 353 44 letters letter NNS 30803 353 45 themselves -PRON- PRP 30803 353 46 . . . 30803 354 1 Attempts attempt NNS 30803 354 2 were be VBD 30803 354 3 occasionally occasionally RB 30803 354 4 made make VBN 30803 354 5 to to TO 30803 354 6 make make VB 30803 354 7 one one CD 30803 354 8 letter letter NN 30803 354 9 over over RP 30803 354 10 into into IN 30803 354 11 another another DT 30803 354 12 to to TO 30803 354 13 correct correct VB 30803 354 14 a a DT 30803 354 15 mistake mistake NN 30803 354 16 . . . 30803 355 1 Omitted omit VBN 30803 355 2 passages passage NNS 30803 355 3 or or CC 30803 355 4 notes note NNS 30803 355 5 are be VBP 30803 355 6 inserted insert VBN 30803 355 7 in in IN 30803 355 8 the the DT 30803 355 9 margin margin NN 30803 355 10 with with IN 30803 355 11 some some DT 30803 355 12 indication indication NN 30803 355 13 of of IN 30803 355 14 the the DT 30803 355 15 place place NN 30803 355 16 where where WRB 30803 355 17 they -PRON- PRP 30803 355 18 should should MD 30803 355 19 be be VB 30803 355 20 read read VBN 30803 355 21 in in IN 30803 355 22 the the DT 30803 355 23 text text NN 30803 355 24 . . . 30803 356 1 Abbreviations abbreviation NNS 30803 356 2 and and CC 30803 356 3 contractions contraction NNS 30803 356 4 were be VBD 30803 356 5 very very RB 30803 356 6 extensively extensively RB 30803 356 7 used use VBN 30803 356 8 , , , 30803 356 9 partly partly RB 30803 356 10 to to TO 30803 356 11 avoid avoid VB 30803 356 12 labor labor NN 30803 356 13 and and CC 30803 356 14 partly partly RB 30803 356 15 to to TO 30803 356 16 save save VB 30803 356 17 material material NN 30803 356 18 . . . 30803 357 1 Phrases phrase NNS 30803 357 2 of of IN 30803 357 3 frequent frequent JJ 30803 357 4 occurrence occurrence NN 30803 357 5 and and CC 30803 357 6 perfectly perfectly RB 30803 357 7 well well RB 30803 357 8 - - HYPH 30803 357 9 known know VBN 30803 357 10 meaning meaning NN 30803 357 11 were be VBD 30803 357 12 indicated indicate VBN 30803 357 13 simply simply RB 30803 357 14 by by IN 30803 357 15 initials initial NNS 30803 357 16 like like IN 30803 357 17 the the DT 30803 357 18 familiar familiar JJ 30803 357 19 S. S. NNP 30803 357 20 P. P. NNP 30803 357 21 Q. Q. NNP 30803 357 22 R. R. NNP 30803 357 23 , , , 30803 357 24 Senatus Senatus NNP 30803 357 25 Populusque Populusque NNP 30803 357 26 Romanus Romanus NNP 30803 357 27 , , , 30803 357 28 the the DT 30803 357 29 Roman roman JJ 30803 357 30 Senate Senate NNP 30803 357 31 and and CC 30803 357 32 People People NNP 30803 357 33 , , , 30803 357 34 or or CC 30803 357 35 the the DT 30803 357 36 s. s. NNP 30803 357 37 s. s. NNP 30803 357 38 a. a. NNP 30803 357 39 b. b. NNP 30803 357 40 s. s. NNP 30803 357 41 m. m. NNP 30803 357 42 used use VBN 30803 357 43 by by IN 30803 357 44 Spaniards Spaniards NNPS 30803 357 45 to to TO 30803 357 46 close close VB 30803 357 47 letters letter NNS 30803 357 48 , , , 30803 357 49 meaning mean VBG 30803 357 50 " " `` 30803 357 51 your -PRON- PRP$ 30803 357 52 faithful faithful JJ 30803 357 53 servant servant NN 30803 357 54 who who WP 30803 357 55 kisses kiss VBZ 30803 357 56 your -PRON- PRP$ 30803 357 57 hands hand NNS 30803 357 58 . . . 30803 357 59 " " '' 30803 358 1 Letters letter NNS 30803 358 2 commonly commonly RB 30803 358 3 occurring occur VBG 30803 358 4 together together RB 30803 358 5 were be VBD 30803 358 6 elided elide VBN 30803 358 7 and and CC 30803 358 8 abbreviated abbreviate VBN 30803 358 9 , , , 30803 358 10 as as IN 30803 358 11 was be VBD 30803 358 12 done do VBN 30803 358 13 to to IN 30803 358 14 a a DT 30803 358 15 limited limited JJ 30803 358 16 extent extent NN 30803 358 17 as as RB 30803 358 18 late late RB 30803 358 19 as as IN 30803 358 20 the the DT 30803 358 21 18th 18th JJ 30803 358 22 century century NN 30803 358 23 , , , 30803 358 24 at at IN 30803 358 25 which which WDT 30803 358 26 period period NN 30803 358 27 we -PRON- PRP 30803 358 28 see see VBP 30803 358 29 such such JJ 30803 358 30 abbreviations abbreviation NNS 30803 358 31 as as IN 30803 358 32 yt yt UH 30803 358 33 = = NFP 30803 358 34 that that DT 30803 358 35 . . . 30803 359 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 359 2 may may MD 30803 359 3 be be VB 30803 359 4 interesting interesting JJ 30803 359 5 to to TO 30803 359 6 note note VB 30803 359 7 that that IN 30803 359 8 y y NN 30803 359 9 in in IN 30803 359 10 this this DT 30803 359 11 combination combination NN 30803 359 12 and and CC 30803 359 13 the the DT 30803 359 14 similar similar JJ 30803 359 15 combination combination NN 30803 359 16 " " `` 30803 359 17 ye ye NNP 30803 359 18 , , , 30803 359 19 " " '' 30803 359 20 used use VBN 30803 359 21 as as IN 30803 359 22 the the DT 30803 359 23 article article NN 30803 359 24 , , , 30803 359 25 is be VBZ 30803 359 26 not not RB 30803 359 27 the the DT 30803 359 28 semi semi JJ 30803 359 29 - - JJ 30803 359 30 vowel vowel JJ 30803 359 31 y y NNP 30803 359 32 but but CC 30803 359 33 is be VBZ 30803 359 34 the the DT 30803 359 35 survival survival NN 30803 359 36 , , , 30803 359 37 or or CC 30803 359 38 revival revival NN 30803 359 39 , , , 30803 359 40 of of IN 30803 359 41 an an DT 30803 359 42 Anglo Anglo NNP 30803 359 43 - - HYPH 30803 359 44 Saxon Saxon NNP 30803 359 45 letter letter NN 30803 359 46 of of IN 30803 359 47 very very RB 30803 359 48 similar similar JJ 30803 359 49 form form NN 30803 359 50 called call VBN 30803 359 51 " " `` 30803 359 52 thorn thorn NN 30803 359 53 " " '' 30803 359 54 and and CC 30803 359 55 equivalent equivalent JJ 30803 359 56 in in IN 30803 359 57 value value NN 30803 359 58 to to IN 30803 359 59 th th XX 30803 359 60 . . . 30803 360 1 In in IN 30803 360 2 the the DT 30803 360 3 " " `` 30803 360 4 yt yt FW 30803 360 5 " " '' 30803 360 6 then then RB 30803 360 7 , , , 30803 360 8 we -PRON- PRP 30803 360 9 have have VBP 30803 360 10 the the DT 30803 360 11 y y NN 30803 360 12 or or CC 30803 360 13 thorn thorn NN 30803 360 14 substituted substitute VBN 30803 360 15 for for IN 30803 360 16 th th NNP 30803 360 17 and and CC 30803 360 18 the the DT 30803 360 19 vowel vowel NN 30803 360 20 elided elide VBD 30803 360 21 , , , 30803 360 22 but but CC 30803 360 23 the the DT 30803 360 24 sign sign NN 30803 360 25 should should MD 30803 360 26 be be VB 30803 360 27 pronounced pronounce VBN 30803 360 28 " " '' 30803 360 29 that that DT 30803 360 30 . . . 30803 360 31 " " '' 30803 361 1 The the DT 30803 361 2 sign sign NN 30803 361 3 " " `` 30803 361 4 ye ye NN 30803 361 5 " " '' 30803 361 6 as as IN 30803 361 7 in in IN 30803 361 8 the the DT 30803 361 9 familiar familiar JJ 30803 361 10 phrase phrase NN 30803 361 11 of of IN 30803 361 12 the the DT 30803 361 13 posters poster NNS 30803 361 14 " " `` 30803 361 15 ye ye NNP 30803 361 16 olde olde NNP 30803 361 17 folkes folkes NNP 30803 361 18 ' ' POS 30803 361 19 concerte concerte NN 30803 361 20 , , , 30803 361 21 " " '' 30803 361 22 should should MD 30803 361 23 always always RB 30803 361 24 be be VB 30803 361 25 pronounced pronounce VBN 30803 361 26 " " `` 30803 361 27 the the DT 30803 361 28 " " '' 30803 361 29 and and CC 30803 361 30 never never RB 30803 361 31 like like IN 30803 361 32 the the DT 30803 361 33 pronoun pronoun NN 30803 361 34 ye ye NNP 30803 361 35 . . . 30803 362 1 Another another DT 30803 362 2 result result NN 30803 362 3 of of IN 30803 362 4 the the DT 30803 362 5 expensiveness expensiveness NN 30803 362 6 of of IN 30803 362 7 writing writing NN 30803 362 8 material material NN 30803 362 9 was be VBD 30803 362 10 the the DT 30803 362 11 practice practice NN 30803 362 12 of of IN 30803 362 13 erasing erase VBG 30803 362 14 whole whole JJ 30803 362 15 works work NNS 30803 362 16 in in IN 30803 362 17 order order NN 30803 362 18 that that IN 30803 362 19 the the DT 30803 362 20 vellum vellum NN 30803 362 21 might may MD 30803 362 22 be be VB 30803 362 23 used use VBN 30803 362 24 over over RB 30803 362 25 again again RB 30803 362 26 . . . 30803 363 1 This this DT 30803 363 2 erasing erasing NN 30803 363 3 was be VBD 30803 363 4 done do VBN 30803 363 5 with with IN 30803 363 6 a a DT 30803 363 7 knife knife NN 30803 363 8 or or CC 30803 363 9 pumice pumice NN 30803 363 10 stone stone NN 30803 363 11 and and CC 30803 363 12 when when WRB 30803 363 13 resurfaced resurface VBN 30803 363 14 by by IN 30803 363 15 rubbing rub VBG 30803 363 16 the the DT 30803 363 17 vellum vellum NN 30803 363 18 could could MD 30803 363 19 be be VB 30803 363 20 readily readily RB 30803 363 21 used use VBN 30803 363 22 a a DT 30803 363 23 second second JJ 30803 363 24 time time NN 30803 363 25 . . . 30803 364 1 A a DT 30803 364 2 manuscript manuscript NN 30803 364 3 thus thus RB 30803 364 4 treated treat VBN 30803 364 5 is be VBZ 30803 364 6 called call VBN 30803 364 7 a a DT 30803 364 8 palimpsest palimpsest NN 30803 364 9 . . . 30803 365 1 The the DT 30803 365 2 pious pious JJ 30803 365 3 monks monk NNS 30803 365 4 of of IN 30803 365 5 the the DT 30803 365 6 middle middle JJ 30803 365 7 ages age NNS 30803 365 8 , , , 30803 365 9 naturally naturally RB 30803 365 10 believing believe VBG 30803 365 11 that that IN 30803 365 12 the the DT 30803 365 13 lives life NNS 30803 365 14 of of IN 30803 365 15 the the DT 30803 365 16 saints saint NNS 30803 365 17 and and CC 30803 365 18 other other JJ 30803 365 19 religious religious JJ 30803 365 20 works work NNS 30803 365 21 were be VBD 30803 365 22 of of IN 30803 365 23 more more JJR 30803 365 24 importance importance NN 30803 365 25 than than IN 30803 365 26 the the DT 30803 365 27 works work NNS 30803 365 28 of of IN 30803 365 29 Pagan Pagan NNP 30803 365 30 orators orator NNS 30803 365 31 , , , 30803 365 32 philosophers philosopher NNS 30803 365 33 , , , 30803 365 34 and and CC 30803 365 35 historians historian NNS 30803 365 36 , , , 30803 365 37 or or CC 30803 365 38 even even RB 30803 365 39 than than IN 30803 365 40 old old JJ 30803 365 41 copies copy NNS 30803 365 42 of of IN 30803 365 43 the the DT 30803 365 44 Bible Bible NNP 30803 365 45 which which WDT 30803 365 46 had have VBD 30803 365 47 been be VBN 30803 365 48 superseded supersede VBN 30803 365 49 by by IN 30803 365 50 newer new JJR 30803 365 51 and and CC 30803 365 52 better better RB 30803 365 53 decorated decorate VBN 30803 365 54 ones one NNS 30803 365 55 , , , 30803 365 56 made make VBD 30803 365 57 extensive extensive JJ 30803 365 58 use use NN 30803 365 59 of of IN 30803 365 60 old old JJ 30803 365 61 manuscripts manuscript NNS 30803 365 62 in in IN 30803 365 63 this this DT 30803 365 64 way way NN 30803 365 65 . . . 30803 366 1 Fortunately fortunately RB 30803 366 2 , , , 30803 366 3 however however RB 30803 366 4 , , , 30803 366 5 it -PRON- PRP 30803 366 6 is be VBZ 30803 366 7 possible possible JJ 30803 366 8 by by IN 30803 366 9 careful careful JJ 30803 366 10 treatment treatment NN 30803 366 11 to to TO 30803 366 12 restore restore VB 30803 366 13 the the DT 30803 366 14 original original JJ 30803 366 15 writing writing NN 30803 366 16 at at IN 30803 366 17 least least JJS 30803 366 18 sufficiently sufficiently RB 30803 366 19 to to TO 30803 366 20 make make VB 30803 366 21 it -PRON- PRP 30803 366 22 possible possible JJ 30803 366 23 to to TO 30803 366 24 decipher decipher VB 30803 366 25 it -PRON- PRP 30803 366 26 . . . 30803 367 1 In in IN 30803 367 2 this this DT 30803 367 3 way way NN 30803 367 4 a a DT 30803 367 5 considerable considerable JJ 30803 367 6 number number NN 30803 367 7 of of IN 30803 367 8 extremely extremely RB 30803 367 9 valuable valuable JJ 30803 367 10 texts text NNS 30803 367 11 which which WDT 30803 367 12 would would MD 30803 367 13 otherwise otherwise RB 30803 367 14 have have VB 30803 367 15 been be VBN 30803 367 16 entirely entirely RB 30803 367 17 lost lose VBN 30803 367 18 have have VBP 30803 367 19 been be VBN 30803 367 20 recovered recover VBN 30803 367 21 from from IN 30803 367 22 palimpsests palimpsest NNS 30803 367 23 . . . 30803 368 1 The the DT 30803 368 2 reference reference NN 30803 368 3 just just RB 30803 368 4 made make VBN 30803 368 5 to to TO 30803 368 6 decoration decoration NN 30803 368 7 reminds remind VBZ 30803 368 8 us -PRON- PRP 30803 368 9 that that IN 30803 368 10 the the DT 30803 368 11 makers maker NNS 30803 368 12 of of IN 30803 368 13 manuscripts manuscript NNS 30803 368 14 , , , 30803 368 15 particularly particularly RB 30803 368 16 during during IN 30803 368 17 the the DT 30803 368 18 middle middle JJ 30803 368 19 ages age NNS 30803 368 20 , , , 30803 368 21 took take VBD 30803 368 22 enormous enormous JJ 30803 368 23 pride pride NN 30803 368 24 in in IN 30803 368 25 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 368 26 work work NN 30803 368 27 and and CC 30803 368 28 were be VBD 30803 368 29 as as RB 30803 368 30 anxious anxious JJ 30803 368 31 to to TO 30803 368 32 produce produce VB 30803 368 33 sumptuous sumptuous JJ 30803 368 34 books book NNS 30803 368 35 as as IN 30803 368 36 the the DT 30803 368 37 most most RBS 30803 368 38 ambitious ambitious JJ 30803 368 39 publisher publisher NN 30803 368 40 of of IN 30803 368 41 to to IN 30803 368 42 - - HYPH 30803 368 43 day day NN 30803 368 44 and and CC 30803 368 45 were be VBD 30803 368 46 often often RB 30803 368 47 far far RB 30803 368 48 more more RBR 30803 368 49 successful successful JJ 30803 368 50 . . . 30803 369 1 The the DT 30803 369 2 scribe scribe NN 30803 369 3 who who WP 30803 369 4 was be VBD 30803 369 5 to to TO 30803 369 6 make make VB 30803 369 7 a a DT 30803 369 8 fine fine JJ 30803 369 9 manuscript manuscript NN 30803 369 10 chose choose VBD 30803 369 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 369 12 vellum vellum NN 30803 369 13 with with IN 30803 369 14 great great JJ 30803 369 15 care care NN 30803 369 16 . . . 30803 370 1 He -PRON- PRP 30803 370 2 laid lay VBD 30803 370 3 out out RP 30803 370 4 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 370 5 work work NN 30803 370 6 with with IN 30803 370 7 compass compass NN 30803 370 8 and and CC 30803 370 9 ruler ruler NN 30803 370 10 with with IN 30803 370 11 the the DT 30803 370 12 utmost utmost JJ 30803 370 13 precision precision NN 30803 370 14 . . . 30803 371 1 He -PRON- PRP 30803 371 2 was be VBD 30803 371 3 careful careful JJ 30803 371 4 that that IN 30803 371 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 371 6 ink ink NN 30803 371 7 and and CC 30803 371 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 371 9 pigments pigment NNS 30803 371 10 should should MD 30803 371 11 be be VB 30803 371 12 of of IN 30803 371 13 the the DT 30803 371 14 most most RBS 30803 371 15 brilliant brilliant JJ 30803 371 16 color color NN 30803 371 17 and and CC 30803 371 18 the the DT 30803 371 19 finest fine JJS 30803 371 20 quality quality NN 30803 371 21 . . . 30803 372 1 He -PRON- PRP 30803 372 2 looked look VBD 30803 372 3 well well RB 30803 372 4 to to IN 30803 372 5 the the DT 30803 372 6 care care NN 30803 372 7 of of IN 30803 372 8 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 372 9 pen pen NN 30803 372 10 and and CC 30803 372 11 inscribed inscribe VBD 30803 372 12 each each DT 30803 372 13 letter letter NN 30803 372 14 with with IN 30803 372 15 the the DT 30803 372 16 patient patient JJ 30803 372 17 care care NN 30803 372 18 of of IN 30803 372 19 the the DT 30803 372 20 most most RBS 30803 372 21 skillful skillful JJ 30803 372 22 engrosser engrosser NN 30803 372 23 of of IN 30803 372 24 to to IN 30803 372 25 - - HYPH 30803 372 26 day day NN 30803 372 27 . . . 30803 373 1 The the DT 30803 373 2 development development NN 30803 373 3 of of IN 30803 373 4 the the DT 30803 373 5 sentence sentence NN 30803 373 6 and and CC 30803 373 7 paragraph paragraph NN 30803 373 8 had have VBD 30803 373 9 brought bring VBN 30803 373 10 the the DT 30803 373 11 use use NN 30803 373 12 of of IN 30803 373 13 letters letter NNS 30803 373 14 of of IN 30803 373 15 larger large JJR 30803 373 16 sizes size NNS 30803 373 17 to to TO 30803 373 18 mark mark VB 30803 373 19 these these DT 30803 373 20 divisions division NNS 30803 373 21 . . . 30803 374 1 These these DT 30803 374 2 , , , 30803 374 3 especially especially RB 30803 374 4 the the DT 30803 374 5 paragraph paragraph NN 30803 374 6 initials initial NNS 30803 374 7 , , , 30803 374 8 afforded afford VBD 30803 374 9 an an DT 30803 374 10 endless endless JJ 30803 374 11 field field NN 30803 374 12 for for IN 30803 374 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 374 14 ingenuity ingenuity NN 30803 374 15 and and CC 30803 374 16 the the DT 30803 374 17 exercise exercise NN 30803 374 18 of of IN 30803 374 19 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 374 20 artistic artistic JJ 30803 374 21 ability ability NN 30803 374 22 . . . 30803 375 1 A a DT 30803 375 2 great great JJ 30803 375 3 initial initial JJ 30803 375 4 letter letter NN 30803 375 5 might may MD 30803 375 6 be be VB 30803 375 7 made make VBN 30803 375 8 in in IN 30803 375 9 any any DT 30803 375 10 fanciful fanciful JJ 30803 375 11 shape shape NN 30803 375 12 of of IN 30803 375 13 which which WDT 30803 375 14 he -PRON- PRP 30803 375 15 could could MD 30803 375 16 think think VB 30803 375 17 . . . 30803 376 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 376 2 might may MD 30803 376 3 become become VB 30803 376 4 a a DT 30803 376 5 part part NN 30803 376 6 of of IN 30803 376 7 a a DT 30803 376 8 beautifully beautifully RB 30803 376 9 executed execute VBN 30803 376 10 miniature miniature NN 30803 376 11 . . . 30803 377 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 377 2 might may MD 30803 377 3 be be VB 30803 377 4 surrounded surround VBN 30803 377 5 by by IN 30803 377 6 a a DT 30803 377 7 mass mass NN 30803 377 8 of of IN 30803 377 9 gorgeous gorgeous JJ 30803 377 10 ornamentation ornamentation NN 30803 377 11 extending extend VBG 30803 377 12 to to IN 30803 377 13 the the DT 30803 377 14 bottom bottom NN 30803 377 15 or or CC 30803 377 16 the the DT 30803 377 17 other other JJ 30803 377 18 margin margin NN 30803 377 19 of of IN 30803 377 20 the the DT 30803 377 21 page page NN 30803 377 22 and and CC 30803 377 23 enriched enrich VBN 30803 377 24 by by IN 30803 377 25 everything everything NN 30803 377 26 beautiful beautiful JJ 30803 377 27 or or CC 30803 377 28 grotesque grotesque JJ 30803 377 29 of of IN 30803 377 30 which which WDT 30803 377 31 the the DT 30803 377 32 writer writer NN 30803 377 33 could could MD 30803 377 34 think think VB 30803 377 35 . . . 30803 378 1 All all PDT 30803 378 2 this this DT 30803 378 3 ornamentation ornamentation NN 30803 378 4 was be VBD 30803 378 5 often often RB 30803 378 6 executed execute VBN 30803 378 7 in in IN 30803 378 8 gold gold NN 30803 378 9 and and CC 30803 378 10 colors color NNS 30803 378 11 and and CC 30803 378 12 was be VBD 30803 378 13 one one CD 30803 378 14 of of IN 30803 378 15 the the DT 30803 378 16 chief chief JJ 30803 378 17 methods method NNS 30803 378 18 of of IN 30803 378 19 artistic artistic JJ 30803 378 20 expression expression NN 30803 378 21 of of IN 30803 378 22 the the DT 30803 378 23 middle middle JJ 30803 378 24 ages age NNS 30803 378 25 . . . 30803 379 1 In in IN 30803 379 2 addition addition NN 30803 379 3 to to IN 30803 379 4 these these DT 30803 379 5 decorations decoration NNS 30803 379 6 the the DT 30803 379 7 ancient ancient JJ 30803 379 8 books book NNS 30803 379 9 dating date VBG 30803 379 10 from from IN 30803 379 11 late late JJ 30803 379 12 Roman roman JJ 30803 379 13 times time NNS 30803 379 14 onward onward RB 30803 379 15 were be VBD 30803 379 16 often often RB 30803 379 17 illustrated illustrate VBN 30803 379 18 , , , 30803 379 19 sometimes sometimes RB 30803 379 20 profusely profusely RB 30803 379 21 so so RB 30803 379 22 . . . 30803 380 1 Full full JJ 30803 380 2 page page NN 30803 380 3 pictures picture NNS 30803 380 4 were be VBD 30803 380 5 inserted insert VBN 30803 380 6 illustrating illustrate VBG 30803 380 7 the the DT 30803 380 8 text text NN 30803 380 9 or or CC 30803 380 10 giving give VBG 30803 380 11 the the DT 30803 380 12 portraits portrait NNS 30803 380 13 of of IN 30803 380 14 persons person NNS 30803 380 15 referred refer VBN 30803 380 16 to to IN 30803 380 17 in in IN 30803 380 18 it -PRON- PRP 30803 380 19 . . . 30803 381 1 The the DT 30803 381 2 oldest old JJS 30803 381 3 of of IN 30803 381 4 these these DT 30803 381 5 pictures picture NNS 30803 381 6 are be VBP 30803 381 7 in in IN 30803 381 8 a a DT 30803 381 9 bad bad JJ 30803 381 10 state state NN 30803 381 11 of of IN 30803 381 12 preservation preservation NN 30803 381 13 on on IN 30803 381 14 account account NN 30803 381 15 of of IN 30803 381 16 the the DT 30803 381 17 crude crude JJ 30803 381 18 methods method NNS 30803 381 19 of of IN 30803 381 20 the the DT 30803 381 21 artists artist NNS 30803 381 22 . . . 30803 382 1 The the DT 30803 382 2 background background NN 30803 382 3 was be VBD 30803 382 4 first first RB 30803 382 5 painted paint VBN 30803 382 6 in in IN 30803 382 7 a a DT 30803 382 8 solid solid JJ 30803 382 9 color color NN 30803 382 10 . . . 30803 383 1 A a DT 30803 383 2 figure figure NN 30803 383 3 , , , 30803 383 4 for for IN 30803 383 5 instance instance NN 30803 383 6 , , , 30803 383 7 would would MD 30803 383 8 then then RB 30803 383 9 be be VB 30803 383 10 put put VBN 30803 383 11 on on RP 30803 383 12 in in IN 30803 383 13 another another DT 30803 383 14 color color NN 30803 383 15 , , , 30803 383 16 clothing clothing NN 30803 383 17 would would MD 30803 383 18 be be VB 30803 383 19 painted paint VBN 30803 383 20 over over IN 30803 383 21 that that DT 30803 383 22 , , , 30803 383 23 armor armor NN 30803 383 24 over over IN 30803 383 25 clothing clothing NN 30803 383 26 and and CC 30803 383 27 so so RB 30803 383 28 on on RB 30803 383 29 . . . 30803 384 1 The the DT 30803 384 2 picture picture NN 30803 384 3 being be VBG 30803 384 4 thus thus RB 30803 384 5 built build VBN 30803 384 6 up up RP 30803 384 7 in in IN 30803 384 8 layers layer NNS 30803 384 9 of of IN 30803 384 10 different different JJ 30803 384 11 paints paint NNS 30803 384 12 it -PRON- PRP 30803 384 13 was be VBD 30803 384 14 very very RB 30803 384 15 liable liable JJ 30803 384 16 to to TO 30803 384 17 flake flake VB 30803 384 18 off off RP 30803 384 19 , , , 30803 384 20 leaving leave VBG 30803 384 21 only only RB 30803 384 22 the the DT 30803 384 23 background background NN 30803 384 24 . . . 30803 385 1 Illustrations illustration NNS 30803 385 2 dating date VBG 30803 385 3 from from IN 30803 385 4 the the DT 30803 385 5 introduction introduction NN 30803 385 6 of of IN 30803 385 7 a a DT 30803 385 8 better well JJR 30803 385 9 technique technique NN 30803 385 10 are be VBP 30803 385 11 still still RB 30803 385 12 very very RB 30803 385 13 beautiful beautiful JJ 30803 385 14 . . . 30803 386 1 No no DT 30803 386 2 language language NN 30803 386 3 could could MD 30803 386 4 adequately adequately RB 30803 386 5 describe describe VB 30803 386 6 the the DT 30803 386 7 beauty beauty NN 30803 386 8 and and CC 30803 386 9 the the DT 30803 386 10 richness richness NN 30803 386 11 of of IN 30803 386 12 these these DT 30803 386 13 decorations decoration NNS 30803 386 14 , , , 30803 386 15 or or CC 30803 386 16 illuminations illumination NNS 30803 386 17 as as IN 30803 386 18 they -PRON- PRP 30803 386 19 are be VBP 30803 386 20 termed term VBN 30803 386 21 . . . 30803 387 1 They -PRON- PRP 30803 387 2 look look VBP 30803 387 3 out out RP 30803 387 4 to to IN 30803 387 5 us -PRON- PRP 30803 387 6 to to IN 30803 387 7 - - HYPH 30803 387 8 day day NN 30803 387 9 from from IN 30803 387 10 the the DT 30803 387 11 yellowing yellow VBG 30803 387 12 vellum vellum NN 30803 387 13 with with IN 30803 387 14 all all PDT 30803 387 15 the the DT 30803 387 16 brilliancy brilliancy NN 30803 387 17 of of IN 30803 387 18 color color NN 30803 387 19 and and CC 30803 387 20 vigor vigor NN 30803 387 21 of of IN 30803 387 22 conception conception NN 30803 387 23 which which WDT 30803 387 24 they -PRON- PRP 30803 387 25 originally originally RB 30803 387 26 possessed possess VBD 30803 387 27 . . . 30803 388 1 They -PRON- PRP 30803 388 2 are be VBP 30803 388 3 not not RB 30803 388 4 only only RB 30803 388 5 beautiful beautiful JJ 30803 388 6 in in IN 30803 388 7 themselves -PRON- PRP 30803 388 8 but but CC 30803 388 9 they -PRON- PRP 30803 388 10 are be VBP 30803 388 11 a a DT 30803 388 12 valuable valuable JJ 30803 388 13 source source NN 30803 388 14 of of IN 30803 388 15 information information NN 30803 388 16 concerning concern VBG 30803 388 17 the the DT 30803 388 18 life life NN 30803 388 19 of of IN 30803 388 20 the the DT 30803 388 21 middle middle JJ 30803 388 22 ages age NNS 30803 388 23 . . . 30803 389 1 In in IN 30803 389 2 those those DT 30803 389 3 days day NNS 30803 389 4 the the DT 30803 389 5 painters painter NNS 30803 389 6 of of IN 30803 389 7 pictures picture NNS 30803 389 8 made make VBD 30803 389 9 no no DT 30803 389 10 attempt attempt NN 30803 389 11 at at IN 30803 389 12 archæological archæological JJ 30803 389 13 accuracy accuracy NN 30803 389 14 . . . 30803 390 1 If if IN 30803 390 2 they -PRON- PRP 30803 390 3 were be VBD 30803 390 4 illuminating illuminate VBG 30803 390 5 a a DT 30803 390 6 Bible Bible NNP 30803 390 7 they -PRON- PRP 30803 390 8 represented represent VBD 30803 390 9 Abraham Abraham NNP 30803 390 10 and and CC 30803 390 11 Moses Moses NNP 30803 390 12 , , , 30803 390 13 Pharaoh Pharaoh NNP 30803 390 14 and and CC 30803 390 15 Solomon Solomon NNP 30803 390 16 , , , 30803 390 17 Jesus Jesus NNP 30803 390 18 and and CC 30803 390 19 Paul Paul NNP 30803 390 20 and and CC 30803 390 21 Goliath Goliath NNP 30803 390 22 in in IN 30803 390 23 the the DT 30803 390 24 costume costume NN 30803 390 25 of of IN 30803 390 26 the the DT 30803 390 27 king king NN 30803 390 28 , , , 30803 390 29 priest priest NN 30803 390 30 , , , 30803 390 31 citizen citizen NN 30803 390 32 , , , 30803 390 33 or or CC 30803 390 34 soldier soldier NN 30803 390 35 of of IN 30803 390 36 the the DT 30803 390 37 painter painter NN 30803 390 38 's 's POS 30803 390 39 own own JJ 30803 390 40 day day NN 30803 390 41 . . . 30803 391 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 391 2 method method NN 30803 391 3 of of IN 30803 391 4 treatment treatment NN 30803 391 5 of of IN 30803 391 6 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 391 7 subjects subject NNS 30803 391 8 , , , 30803 391 9 the the DT 30803 391 10 subjects subject NNS 30803 391 11 chosen choose VBN 30803 391 12 , , , 30803 391 13 the the DT 30803 391 14 use use NN 30803 391 15 of of IN 30803 391 16 materials material NNS 30803 391 17 in in IN 30803 391 18 ornamentation ornamentation NN 30803 391 19 , , , 30803 391 20 every every DT 30803 391 21 detail detail NN 30803 391 22 of of IN 30803 391 23 these these DT 30803 391 24 decorations decoration NNS 30803 391 25 is be VBZ 30803 391 26 eloquent eloquent JJ 30803 391 27 of of IN 30803 391 28 the the DT 30803 391 29 life life NN 30803 391 30 and and CC 30803 391 31 thought thought NN 30803 391 32 of of IN 30803 391 33 the the DT 30803 391 34 ages age NNS 30803 391 35 in in IN 30803 391 36 which which WDT 30803 391 37 they -PRON- PRP 30803 391 38 were be VBD 30803 391 39 produced produce VBN 30803 391 40 . . . 30803 392 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 30803 392 2 V V NNP 30803 392 3 _ _ NNP 30803 392 4 Ancient Ancient NNP 30803 392 5 and and CC 30803 392 6 Mediæval Mediæval NNP 30803 392 7 Libraries Libraries NNPS 30803 392 8 _ _ NNP 30803 392 9 Books Books NNP 30803 392 10 involved involve VBD 30803 392 11 libraries library NNS 30803 392 12 . . . 30803 393 1 The the DT 30803 393 2 book book NN 30803 393 3 is be VBZ 30803 393 4 written write VBN 30803 393 5 to to TO 30803 393 6 preserve preserve VB 30803 393 7 a a DT 30803 393 8 record record NN 30803 393 9 and and CC 30803 393 10 this this DT 30803 393 11 involves involve VBZ 30803 393 12 the the DT 30803 393 13 preservation preservation NN 30803 393 14 of of IN 30803 393 15 the the DT 30803 393 16 book book NN 30803 393 17 itself -PRON- PRP 30803 393 18 . . . 30803 394 1 Consequently consequently RB 30803 394 2 almost almost RB 30803 394 3 all all DT 30803 394 4 of of IN 30803 394 5 the the DT 30803 394 6 centers center NNS 30803 394 7 of of IN 30803 394 8 the the DT 30803 394 9 world world NN 30803 394 10 's 's POS 30803 394 11 civilization civilization NN 30803 394 12 were be VBD 30803 394 13 at at IN 30803 394 14 the the DT 30803 394 15 same same JJ 30803 394 16 time time NN 30803 394 17 the the DT 30803 394 18 homes home NNS 30803 394 19 of of IN 30803 394 20 great great JJ 30803 394 21 collections collection NNS 30803 394 22 of of IN 30803 394 23 books book NNS 30803 394 24 , , , 30803 394 25 or or CC 30803 394 26 libraries library NNS 30803 394 27 . . . 30803 395 1 The the DT 30803 395 2 ancient ancient JJ 30803 395 3 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 30803 395 4 had have VBD 30803 395 5 many many JJ 30803 395 6 such such JJ 30803 395 7 although although IN 30803 395 8 we -PRON- PRP 30803 395 9 have have VBP 30803 395 10 the the DT 30803 395 11 record record NN 30803 395 12 of of IN 30803 395 13 but but CC 30803 395 14 one one CD 30803 395 15 . . . 30803 396 1 Rameses ramese VBZ 30803 396 2 the the DT 30803 396 3 Great great JJ 30803 396 4 , , , 30803 396 5 who who WP 30803 396 6 has have VBZ 30803 396 7 been be VBN 30803 396 8 generally generally RB 30803 396 9 , , , 30803 396 10 though though IN 30803 396 11 probably probably RB 30803 396 12 erroneously erroneously RB 30803 396 13 , , , 30803 396 14 identified identify VBN 30803 396 15 as as IN 30803 396 16 the the DT 30803 396 17 Pharaoh Pharaoh NNP 30803 396 18 of of IN 30803 396 19 the the DT 30803 396 20 Exodus Exodus NNP 30803 396 21 , , , 30803 396 22 but but CC 30803 396 23 who who WP 30803 396 24 probably probably RB 30803 396 25 lived live VBD 30803 396 26 within within IN 30803 396 27 about about RB 30803 396 28 a a DT 30803 396 29 century century NN 30803 396 30 of of IN 30803 396 31 that that DT 30803 396 32 time time NN 30803 396 33 , , , 30803 396 34 housed house VBD 30803 396 35 a a DT 30803 396 36 great great JJ 30803 396 37 library library NN 30803 396 38 in in IN 30803 396 39 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 396 40 palace palace NN 30803 396 41 at at IN 30803 396 42 Thebes Thebes NNP 30803 396 43 . . . 30803 397 1 Such such PDT 30803 397 2 a a DT 30803 397 3 library library NN 30803 397 4 , , , 30803 397 5 of of IN 30803 397 6 course course NN 30803 397 7 , , , 30803 397 8 would would MD 30803 397 9 have have VB 30803 397 10 consisted consist VBN 30803 397 11 of of IN 30803 397 12 papyrus papyrus JJ 30803 397 13 rolls roll NNS 30803 397 14 and and CC 30803 397 15 must must MD 30803 397 16 have have VB 30803 397 17 been be VBN 30803 397 18 rich rich JJ 30803 397 19 in in IN 30803 397 20 that that DT 30803 397 21 learning learning NN 30803 397 22 of of IN 30803 397 23 the the DT 30803 397 24 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 30803 397 25 which which WDT 30803 397 26 the the DT 30803 397 27 old old JJ 30803 397 28 chronicle chronicle NN 30803 397 29 tells tell VBZ 30803 397 30 us -PRON- PRP 30803 397 31 was be VBD 30803 397 32 familiar familiar JJ 30803 397 33 to to IN 30803 397 34 Moses Moses NNP 30803 397 35 . . . 30803 398 1 What what WP 30803 398 2 would would MD 30803 398 3 we -PRON- PRP 30803 398 4 not not RB 30803 398 5 give give VB 30803 398 6 if if IN 30803 398 7 we -PRON- PRP 30803 398 8 could could MD 30803 398 9 only only RB 30803 398 10 find find VB 30803 398 11 those those DT 30803 398 12 precious precious JJ 30803 398 13 rolls roll NNS 30803 398 14 in in IN 30803 398 15 some some DT 30803 398 16 of of IN 30803 398 17 the the DT 30803 398 18 corners corner NNS 30803 398 19 which which WDT 30803 398 20 the the DT 30803 398 21 archæologists archæologist NNS 30803 398 22 are be VBP 30803 398 23 so so RB 30803 398 24 busily busily RB 30803 398 25 exploring explore VBG 30803 398 26 and and CC 30803 398 27 which which WDT 30803 398 28 are be VBP 30803 398 29 constantly constantly RB 30803 398 30 yielding yield VBG 30803 398 31 new new JJ 30803 398 32 stores store NNS 30803 398 33 of of IN 30803 398 34 information information NN 30803 398 35 about about IN 30803 398 36 that that DT 30803 398 37 ancient ancient JJ 30803 398 38 civilization civilization NN 30803 398 39 ? ? . 30803 399 1 Some some DT 30803 399 2 centuries century NNS 30803 399 3 later later RB 30803 399 4 two two CD 30803 399 5 of of IN 30803 399 6 the the DT 30803 399 7 Assyrian assyrian JJ 30803 399 8 kings king NNS 30803 399 9 , , , 30803 399 10 Sennacherib Sennacherib NNP 30803 399 11 and and CC 30803 399 12 Assurbanipal Assurbanipal NNP 30803 399 13 , , , 30803 399 14 collected collect VBD 30803 399 15 a a DT 30803 399 16 great great JJ 30803 399 17 library library NN 30803 399 18 which which WDT 30803 399 19 has have VBZ 30803 399 20 been be VBN 30803 399 21 in in IN 30803 399 22 large large JJ 30803 399 23 part part NN 30803 399 24 recovered recover VBN 30803 399 25 . . . 30803 400 1 Such such PDT 30803 400 2 a a DT 30803 400 3 library library NN 30803 400 4 , , , 30803 400 5 as as IN 30803 400 6 we -PRON- PRP 30803 400 7 have have VBP 30803 400 8 seen see VBN 30803 400 9 , , , 30803 400 10 consisted consist VBN 30803 400 11 of of IN 30803 400 12 clay clay NN 30803 400 13 tablets tablet NNS 30803 400 14 and and CC 30803 400 15 these these DT 30803 400 16 tablets tablet NNS 30803 400 17 were be VBD 30803 400 18 kept keep VBN 30803 400 19 in in IN 30803 400 20 large large JJ 30803 400 21 earthenware earthenware NN 30803 400 22 jars jar NNS 30803 400 23 . . . 30803 401 1 The the DT 30803 401 2 contents content NNS 30803 401 3 of of IN 30803 401 4 the the DT 30803 401 5 library library NN 30803 401 6 were be VBD 30803 401 7 partly partly RB 30803 401 8 contemporary contemporary JJ 30803 401 9 but but CC 30803 401 10 more more JJR 30803 401 11 of of IN 30803 401 12 it -PRON- PRP 30803 401 13 consisted consist VBD 30803 401 14 of of IN 30803 401 15 copies copy NNS 30803 401 16 of of IN 30803 401 17 ancient ancient JJ 30803 401 18 works work NNS 30803 401 19 . . . 30803 402 1 Many many JJ 30803 402 2 thousands thousand NNS 30803 402 3 of of IN 30803 402 4 these these DT 30803 402 5 texts text NNS 30803 402 6 have have VBP 30803 402 7 been be VBN 30803 402 8 recovered recover VBN 30803 402 9 from from IN 30803 402 10 the the DT 30803 402 11 ruins ruin NNS 30803 402 12 of of IN 30803 402 13 Babylon Babylon NNP 30803 402 14 and and CC 30803 402 15 are be VBP 30803 402 16 now now RB 30803 402 17 being be VBG 30803 402 18 translated translate VBN 30803 402 19 . . . 30803 403 1 They -PRON- PRP 30803 403 2 cover cover VBP 30803 403 3 the the DT 30803 403 4 whole whole JJ 30803 403 5 field field NN 30803 403 6 of of IN 30803 403 7 literary literary JJ 30803 403 8 activity activity NN 30803 403 9 , , , 30803 403 10 religion religion NN 30803 403 11 , , , 30803 403 12 law law NN 30803 403 13 , , , 30803 403 14 history history NN 30803 403 15 , , , 30803 403 16 grammar grammar NN 30803 403 17 , , , 30803 403 18 science science NN 30803 403 19 , , , 30803 403 20 magic magic NN 30803 403 21 , , , 30803 403 22 and and CC 30803 403 23 romance romance NN 30803 403 24 . . . 30803 404 1 One one CD 30803 404 2 of of IN 30803 404 3 the the DT 30803 404 4 old old JJ 30803 404 5 Israelitish israelitish JJ 30803 404 6 cities city NNS 30803 404 7 , , , 30803 404 8 near near IN 30803 404 9 Hebron Hebron NNP 30803 404 10 , , , 30803 404 11 is be VBZ 30803 404 12 called call VBN 30803 404 13 Kirjath Kirjath NNP 30803 404 14 - - HYPH 30803 404 15 sepher sepher NNP 30803 404 16 , , , 30803 404 17 or or CC 30803 404 18 city city NN 30803 404 19 of of IN 30803 404 20 books book NNS 30803 404 21 . . . 30803 405 1 Both both DT 30803 405 2 the the DT 30803 405 3 city city NN 30803 405 4 and and CC 30803 405 5 the the DT 30803 405 6 name name NN 30803 405 7 , , , 30803 405 8 however however RB 30803 405 9 , , , 30803 405 10 antedate antedate VB 30803 405 11 the the DT 30803 405 12 Jewish jewish JJ 30803 405 13 occupation occupation NN 30803 405 14 of of IN 30803 405 15 Palestine Palestine NNP 30803 405 16 and and CC 30803 405 17 are be VBP 30803 405 18 probably probably RB 30803 405 19 memorials memorial NNS 30803 405 20 of of IN 30803 405 21 a a DT 30803 405 22 time time NN 30803 405 23 when when WRB 30803 405 24 this this DT 30803 405 25 city city NN 30803 405 26 was be VBD 30803 405 27 a a DT 30803 405 28 center center NN 30803 405 29 of of IN 30803 405 30 that that DT 30803 405 31 Assyrian assyrian JJ 30803 405 32 culture culture NN 30803 405 33 which which WDT 30803 405 34 covered cover VBD 30803 405 35 the the DT 30803 405 36 entire entire JJ 30803 405 37 region region NN 30803 405 38 later later RB 30803 405 39 known know VBN 30803 405 40 as as IN 30803 405 41 Palestine Palestine NNP 30803 405 42 . . . 30803 406 1 The the DT 30803 406 2 classic classic JJ 30803 406 3 civilization civilization NN 30803 406 4 , , , 30803 406 5 with with IN 30803 406 6 its -PRON- PRP$ 30803 406 7 great great JJ 30803 406 8 development development NN 30803 406 9 of of IN 30803 406 10 literary literary JJ 30803 406 11 activity activity NN 30803 406 12 , , , 30803 406 13 of of IN 30803 406 14 course course NN 30803 406 15 involved involve VBD 30803 406 16 the the DT 30803 406 17 formation formation NN 30803 406 18 of of IN 30803 406 19 libraries library NNS 30803 406 20 in in IN 30803 406 21 all all PDT 30803 406 22 the the DT 30803 406 23 more more RBR 30803 406 24 important important JJ 30803 406 25 cities city NNS 30803 406 26 , , , 30803 406 27 as as IN 30803 406 28 such such JJ 30803 406 29 places place NNS 30803 406 30 were be VBD 30803 406 31 the the DT 30803 406 32 natural natural JJ 30803 406 33 centers center NNS 30803 406 34 of of IN 30803 406 35 culture culture NN 30803 406 36 . . . 30803 407 1 We -PRON- PRP 30803 407 2 know know VBP 30803 407 3 something something NN 30803 407 4 of of IN 30803 407 5 the the DT 30803 407 6 libraries library NNS 30803 407 7 of of IN 30803 407 8 Athens Athens NNP 30803 407 9 , , , 30803 407 10 Antioch Antioch NNP 30803 407 11 , , , 30803 407 12 Ephesus Ephesus NNP 30803 407 13 , , , 30803 407 14 Pergamus Pergamus NNP 30803 407 15 , , , 30803 407 16 Rome Rome NNP 30803 407 17 , , , 30803 407 18 Alexandria Alexandria NNP 30803 407 19 and and CC 30803 407 20 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 30803 407 21 . . . 30803 408 1 The the DT 30803 408 2 most most RBS 30803 408 3 famous famous JJ 30803 408 4 of of IN 30803 408 5 these these DT 30803 408 6 was be VBD 30803 408 7 the the DT 30803 408 8 great great JJ 30803 408 9 collection collection NN 30803 408 10 , , , 30803 408 11 or or CC 30803 408 12 rather rather RB 30803 408 13 collections collection NNS 30803 408 14 , , , 30803 408 15 of of IN 30803 408 16 books book NNS 30803 408 17 at at IN 30803 408 18 Alexandria Alexandria NNP 30803 408 19 . . . 30803 409 1 Collectively collectively RB 30803 409 2 these these DT 30803 409 3 rivalled rival VBN 30803 409 4 in in IN 30803 409 5 size size NN 30803 409 6 some some DT 30803 409 7 of of IN 30803 409 8 the the DT 30803 409 9 great great JJ 30803 409 10 modern modern JJ 30803 409 11 libraries library NNS 30803 409 12 , , , 30803 409 13 a a DT 30803 409 14 very very RB 30803 409 15 remarkable remarkable JJ 30803 409 16 fact fact NN 30803 409 17 when when WRB 30803 409 18 we -PRON- PRP 30803 409 19 consider consider VBP 30803 409 20 the the DT 30803 409 21 conditions condition NNS 30803 409 22 under under IN 30803 409 23 which which WDT 30803 409 24 books book NNS 30803 409 25 were be VBD 30803 409 26 made make VBN 30803 409 27 at at IN 30803 409 28 that that DT 30803 409 29 time time NN 30803 409 30 . . . 30803 410 1 Undoubtedly undoubtedly RB 30803 410 2 practically practically RB 30803 410 3 the the DT 30803 410 4 entire entire JJ 30803 410 5 literary literary JJ 30803 410 6 output output NN 30803 410 7 of of IN 30803 410 8 the the DT 30803 410 9 classic classic JJ 30803 410 10 civilization civilization NN 30803 410 11 was be VBD 30803 410 12 contained contain VBN 30803 410 13 in in IN 30803 410 14 these these DT 30803 410 15 collections collection NNS 30803 410 16 . . . 30803 411 1 Unfortunately unfortunately RB 30803 411 2 no no DT 30803 411 3 traces trace NNS 30803 411 4 of of IN 30803 411 5 them -PRON- PRP 30803 411 6 remain remain VBP 30803 411 7 . . . 30803 412 1 Accident accident NN 30803 412 2 and and CC 30803 412 3 conquest conquest NNP 30803 412 4 caused cause VBD 30803 412 5 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 412 6 entire entire JJ 30803 412 7 destruction destruction NN 30803 412 8 . . . 30803 413 1 The the DT 30803 413 2 earlier early JJR 30803 413 3 historians historian NNS 30803 413 4 told tell VBD 30803 413 5 a a DT 30803 413 6 pitiful pitiful JJ 30803 413 7 tale tale NN 30803 413 8 of of IN 30803 413 9 the the DT 30803 413 10 wanton wanton NNP 30803 413 11 destruction destruction NN 30803 413 12 of of IN 30803 413 13 the the DT 30803 413 14 library library NN 30803 413 15 by by IN 30803 413 16 the the DT 30803 413 17 Mohammedan Mohammedan NNP 30803 413 18 conquerors conqueror NNS 30803 413 19 who who WP 30803 413 20 in in IN 30803 413 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 413 22 fanaticism fanaticism NN 30803 413 23 destroyed destroy VBD 30803 413 24 as as IN 30803 413 25 useless useless JJ 30803 413 26 or or CC 30803 413 27 harmful harmful JJ 30803 413 28 all all DT 30803 413 29 works work NNS 30803 413 30 not not RB 30803 413 31 devoted devoted JJ 30803 413 32 to to IN 30803 413 33 the the DT 30803 413 34 dissemination dissemination NN 30803 413 35 of of IN 30803 413 36 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 413 37 own own JJ 30803 413 38 doctrines doctrine NNS 30803 413 39 . . . 30803 414 1 While while IN 30803 414 2 it -PRON- PRP 30803 414 3 is be VBZ 30803 414 4 probably probably RB 30803 414 5 true true JJ 30803 414 6 that that IN 30803 414 7 the the DT 30803 414 8 Mohammedans Mohammedans NNPS 30803 414 9 were be VBD 30803 414 10 responsible responsible JJ 30803 414 11 for for IN 30803 414 12 a a DT 30803 414 13 wholesale wholesale JJ 30803 414 14 destruction destruction NN 30803 414 15 , , , 30803 414 16 it -PRON- PRP 30803 414 17 is be VBZ 30803 414 18 probable probable JJ 30803 414 19 that that IN 30803 414 20 the the DT 30803 414 21 library library NN 30803 414 22 had have VBD 30803 414 23 already already RB 30803 414 24 suffered suffer VBN 30803 414 25 sadly sadly RB 30803 414 26 by by IN 30803 414 27 the the DT 30803 414 28 destruction destruction NN 30803 414 29 by by IN 30803 414 30 fire fire NN 30803 414 31 of of IN 30803 414 32 one one CD 30803 414 33 or or CC 30803 414 34 more more JJR 30803 414 35 of of IN 30803 414 36 its -PRON- PRP$ 30803 414 37 separate separate JJ 30803 414 38 collections collection NNS 30803 414 39 and and CC 30803 414 40 that that IN 30803 414 41 what what WP 30803 414 42 was be VBD 30803 414 43 destroyed destroy VBN 30803 414 44 in in IN 30803 414 45 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 414 46 time time NN 30803 414 47 was be VBD 30803 414 48 only only RB 30803 414 49 the the DT 30803 414 50 remains remain NNS 30803 414 51 of of IN 30803 414 52 the the DT 30803 414 53 former former JJ 30803 414 54 splendid splendid JJ 30803 414 55 collection collection NN 30803 414 56 . . . 30803 415 1 The the DT 30803 415 2 library library NN 30803 415 3 of of IN 30803 415 4 Constantinople Constantinople NNP 30803 415 5 , , , 30803 415 6 being be VBG 30803 415 7 later late JJR 30803 415 8 than than IN 30803 415 9 the the DT 30803 415 10 others other NNS 30803 415 11 in in IN 30803 415 12 its -PRON- PRP$ 30803 415 13 formation formation NN 30803 415 14 , , , 30803 415 15 probably probably RB 30803 415 16 had have VBD 30803 415 17 more more JJR 30803 415 18 direct direct JJ 30803 415 19 effect effect NN 30803 415 20 on on IN 30803 415 21 the the DT 30803 415 22 culture culture NN 30803 415 23 of of IN 30803 415 24 mediæval mediæval NN 30803 415 25 and and CC 30803 415 26 modern modern JJ 30803 415 27 times time NNS 30803 415 28 than than IN 30803 415 29 any any DT 30803 415 30 of of IN 30803 415 31 the the DT 30803 415 32 preceding precede VBG 30803 415 33 ones one NNS 30803 415 34 . . . 30803 416 1 In in IN 30803 416 2 addition addition NN 30803 416 3 to to IN 30803 416 4 these these DT 30803 416 5 great great JJ 30803 416 6 public public JJ 30803 416 7 or or CC 30803 416 8 semi semi JJ 30803 416 9 - - JJ 30803 416 10 public public JJ 30803 416 11 libraries library NNS 30803 416 12 , , , 30803 416 13 there there EX 30803 416 14 were be VBD 30803 416 15 of of IN 30803 416 16 course course NN 30803 416 17 great great JJ 30803 416 18 numbers number NNS 30803 416 19 of of IN 30803 416 20 private private JJ 30803 416 21 libraries library NNS 30803 416 22 . . . 30803 417 1 Wealthy wealthy JJ 30803 417 2 and and CC 30803 417 3 cultivated cultivate VBN 30803 417 4 men man NNS 30803 417 5 throughout throughout IN 30803 417 6 the the DT 30803 417 7 Roman roman JJ 30803 417 8 empire empire NN 30803 417 9 and and CC 30803 417 10 beyond beyond RB 30803 417 11 had have VBD 30803 417 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 417 13 private private JJ 30803 417 14 collections collection NNS 30803 417 15 , , , 30803 417 16 as as IN 30803 417 17 wealthy wealthy JJ 30803 417 18 and and CC 30803 417 19 cultivated cultivated JJ 30803 417 20 men man NNS 30803 417 21 do do VBP 30803 417 22 to to NN 30803 417 23 - - HYPH 30803 417 24 day day NN 30803 417 25 . . . 30803 418 1 While while IN 30803 418 2 the the DT 30803 418 3 illiterate illiterate JJ 30803 418 4 classes class NNS 30803 418 5 were be VBD 30803 418 6 proportionally proportionally RB 30803 418 7 much much RB 30803 418 8 more more RBR 30803 418 9 numerous numerous JJ 30803 418 10 than than IN 30803 418 11 they -PRON- PRP 30803 418 12 are be VBP 30803 418 13 in in IN 30803 418 14 modern modern JJ 30803 418 15 communities community NNS 30803 418 16 , , , 30803 418 17 and and CC 30803 418 18 the the DT 30803 418 19 use use NN 30803 418 20 of of IN 30803 418 21 books book NNS 30803 418 22 was be VBD 30803 418 23 limited limit VBN 30803 418 24 to to IN 30803 418 25 a a DT 30803 418 26 comparatively comparatively RB 30803 418 27 small small JJ 30803 418 28 portion portion NN 30803 418 29 of of IN 30803 418 30 the the DT 30803 418 31 population population NN 30803 418 32 , , , 30803 418 33 the the DT 30803 418 34 small small JJ 30803 418 35 educated educate VBN 30803 418 36 class class NN 30803 418 37 was be VBD 30803 418 38 highly highly RB 30803 418 39 cultivated cultivate VBN 30803 418 40 and and CC 30803 418 41 keenly keenly RB 30803 418 42 interested interested JJ 30803 418 43 in in IN 30803 418 44 the the DT 30803 418 45 reading reading NN 30803 418 46 and and CC 30803 418 47 ownership ownership NN 30803 418 48 of of IN 30803 418 49 books book NNS 30803 418 50 . . . 30803 419 1 None none NN 30803 419 2 of of IN 30803 419 3 these these DT 30803 419 4 early early JJ 30803 419 5 collections collection NNS 30803 419 6 survives survive VBZ 30803 419 7 even even RB 30803 419 8 in in IN 30803 419 9 any any DT 30803 419 10 existing exist VBG 30803 419 11 fragments fragment NNS 30803 419 12 . . . 30803 420 1 The the DT 30803 420 2 devastating devastating JJ 30803 420 3 wars war NNS 30803 420 4 of of IN 30803 420 5 the the DT 30803 420 6 first first JJ 30803 420 7 Christian christian JJ 30803 420 8 centuries century NNS 30803 420 9 destroyed destroy VBD 30803 420 10 all all DT 30803 420 11 such such JJ 30803 420 12 perishable perishable JJ 30803 420 13 things thing NNS 30803 420 14 . . . 30803 421 1 The the DT 30803 421 2 Assyrian assyrian JJ 30803 421 3 records record NNS 30803 421 4 not not RB 30803 421 5 being be VBG 30803 421 6 on on IN 30803 421 7 perishable perishable JJ 30803 421 8 material material NN 30803 421 9 survived survive VBD 30803 421 10 the the DT 30803 421 11 destruction destruction NN 30803 421 12 of of IN 30803 421 13 the the DT 30803 421 14 buildings building NNS 30803 421 15 in in IN 30803 421 16 which which WDT 30803 421 17 they -PRON- PRP 30803 421 18 were be VBD 30803 421 19 contained contain VBN 30803 421 20 and and CC 30803 421 21 remained remain VBD 30803 421 22 buried bury VBN 30803 421 23 until until IN 30803 421 24 brought bring VBN 30803 421 25 to to IN 30803 421 26 light light NN 30803 421 27 by by IN 30803 421 28 recent recent JJ 30803 421 29 excavations excavation NNS 30803 421 30 . . . 30803 422 1 The the DT 30803 422 2 Egyptian egyptian JJ 30803 422 3 records record NNS 30803 422 4 have have VBP 30803 422 5 survived survive VBN 30803 422 6 partly partly RB 30803 422 7 because because IN 30803 422 8 they -PRON- PRP 30803 422 9 were be VBD 30803 422 10 so so RB 30803 422 11 largely largely RB 30803 422 12 in in IN 30803 422 13 the the DT 30803 422 14 nature nature NN 30803 422 15 of of IN 30803 422 16 inscriptions inscription NNS 30803 422 17 on on IN 30803 422 18 the the DT 30803 422 19 walls wall NNS 30803 422 20 of of IN 30803 422 21 the the DT 30803 422 22 great great JJ 30803 422 23 temples temple NNS 30803 422 24 and and CC 30803 422 25 the the DT 30803 422 26 carefully carefully RB 30803 422 27 constructed construct VBN 30803 422 28 tombs tomb NNS 30803 422 29 , , , 30803 422 30 and and CC 30803 422 31 partly partly RB 30803 422 32 because because IN 30803 422 33 so so RB 30803 422 34 many many JJ 30803 422 35 of of IN 30803 422 36 them -PRON- PRP 30803 422 37 were be VBD 30803 422 38 sheltered shelter VBN 30803 422 39 in in IN 30803 422 40 the the DT 30803 422 41 resting rest VBG 30803 422 42 places place NNS 30803 422 43 of of IN 30803 422 44 the the DT 30803 422 45 dead dead JJ 30803 422 46 . . . 30803 423 1 Not not RB 30803 423 2 only only RB 30803 423 3 were be VBD 30803 423 4 the the DT 30803 423 5 mummies mummy NNS 30803 423 6 wrapped wrap VBN 30803 423 7 in in IN 30803 423 8 cloth cloth NN 30803 423 9 and and CC 30803 423 10 papyrus papyru NNS 30803 423 11 inscribed inscribe VBN 30803 423 12 with with IN 30803 423 13 the the DT 30803 423 14 Book Book NNP 30803 423 15 of of IN 30803 423 16 the the DT 30803 423 17 Dead dead JJ 30803 423 18 and and CC 30803 423 19 other other JJ 30803 423 20 Egyptian egyptian JJ 30803 423 21 texts text NNS 30803 423 22 , , , 30803 423 23 but but CC 30803 423 24 many many JJ 30803 423 25 documents document NNS 30803 423 26 and and CC 30803 423 27 papers paper NNS 30803 423 28 were be VBD 30803 423 29 buried bury VBN 30803 423 30 with with IN 30803 423 31 the the DT 30803 423 32 bodies body NNS 30803 423 33 . . . 30803 424 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 424 2 was be VBD 30803 424 3 the the DT 30803 424 4 custom custom NN 30803 424 5 of of IN 30803 424 6 the the DT 30803 424 7 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 30803 424 8 to to TO 30803 424 9 bury bury VB 30803 424 10 with with IN 30803 424 11 the the DT 30803 424 12 dead dead NN 30803 424 13 all all DT 30803 424 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 424 15 personal personal JJ 30803 424 16 papers paper NNS 30803 424 17 including include VBG 30803 424 18 unopened unopened JJ 30803 424 19 letters letter NNS 30803 424 20 and and CC 30803 424 21 papers paper NNS 30803 424 22 belonging belong VBG 30803 424 23 to to IN 30803 424 24 other other JJ 30803 424 25 persons person NNS 30803 424 26 which which WDT 30803 424 27 happened happen VBD 30803 424 28 to to TO 30803 424 29 be be VB 30803 424 30 in in IN 30803 424 31 the the DT 30803 424 32 possession possession NN 30803 424 33 of of IN 30803 424 34 the the DT 30803 424 35 deceased deceased JJ 30803 424 36 at at IN 30803 424 37 the the DT 30803 424 38 time time NN 30803 424 39 of of IN 30803 424 40 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 424 41 death death NN 30803 424 42 . . . 30803 425 1 Many many JJ 30803 425 2 a a DT 30803 425 3 letter letter NN 30803 425 4 has have VBZ 30803 425 5 thus thus RB 30803 425 6 been be VBN 30803 425 7 read read VBN 30803 425 8 for for IN 30803 425 9 the the DT 30803 425 10 first first JJ 30803 425 11 time time NN 30803 425 12 by by IN 30803 425 13 some some DT 30803 425 14 modern modern JJ 30803 425 15 archæologist archæologist NN 30803 425 16 3000 3000 CD 30803 425 17 years year NNS 30803 425 18 or or CC 30803 425 19 more more JJR 30803 425 20 after after IN 30803 425 21 the the DT 30803 425 22 death death NN 30803 425 23 of of IN 30803 425 24 both both DT 30803 425 25 sender sender NN 30803 425 26 and and CC 30803 425 27 receiver receiver VBP 30803 425 28 . . . 30803 426 1 We -PRON- PRP 30803 426 2 undoubtedly undoubtedly RB 30803 426 3 owe owe VBP 30803 426 4 to to IN 30803 426 5 the the DT 30803 426 6 Christian christian JJ 30803 426 7 church church NN 30803 426 8 , , , 30803 426 9 and and CC 30803 426 10 especially especially RB 30803 426 11 to to IN 30803 426 12 the the DT 30803 426 13 institution institution NN 30803 426 14 of of IN 30803 426 15 Monasticism Monasticism NNP 30803 426 16 , , , 30803 426 17 the the DT 30803 426 18 preservation preservation NN 30803 426 19 of of IN 30803 426 20 so so RB 30803 426 21 much much JJ 30803 426 22 of of IN 30803 426 23 the the DT 30803 426 24 ancient ancient JJ 30803 426 25 literature literature NN 30803 426 26 as as IN 30803 426 27 we -PRON- PRP 30803 426 28 now now RB 30803 426 29 possess possess VBP 30803 426 30 , , , 30803 426 31 as as RB 30803 426 32 well well RB 30803 426 33 as as IN 30803 426 34 the the DT 30803 426 35 preservation preservation NN 30803 426 36 of of IN 30803 426 37 the the DT 30803 426 38 spirit spirit NN 30803 426 39 of of IN 30803 426 40 learning learning NN 30803 426 41 and and CC 30803 426 42 that that IN 30803 426 43 impulse impulse NN 30803 426 44 to to TO 30803 426 45 create create VB 30803 426 46 literature literature NN 30803 426 47 out out IN 30803 426 48 of of IN 30803 426 49 which which WDT 30803 426 50 grew grow VBD 30803 426 51 the the DT 30803 426 52 literatures literature NNS 30803 426 53 of of IN 30803 426 54 mediæval mediæval NN 30803 426 55 and and CC 30803 426 56 modern modern JJ 30803 426 57 times time NNS 30803 426 58 . . . 30803 427 1 As as IN 30803 427 2 has have VBZ 30803 427 3 already already RB 30803 427 4 been be VBN 30803 427 5 stated state VBN 30803 427 6 , , , 30803 427 7 the the DT 30803 427 8 monasteries monastery NNS 30803 427 9 became become VBD 30803 427 10 the the DT 30803 427 11 centers center NNS 30803 427 12 of of IN 30803 427 13 literary literary JJ 30803 427 14 activity activity NN 30803 427 15 . . . 30803 428 1 The the DT 30803 428 2 studying study VBG 30803 428 3 , , , 30803 428 4 copying copying NN 30803 428 5 , , , 30803 428 6 and and CC 30803 428 7 creation creation NN 30803 428 8 of of IN 30803 428 9 books book NNS 30803 428 10 was be VBD 30803 428 11 a a DT 30803 428 12 recognized recognize VBN 30803 428 13 part part NN 30803 428 14 of of IN 30803 428 15 the the DT 30803 428 16 duty duty NN 30803 428 17 of of IN 30803 428 18 the the DT 30803 428 19 monks monk NNS 30803 428 20 . . . 30803 429 1 In in IN 30803 429 2 society society NN 30803 429 3 as as IN 30803 429 4 constituted constitute VBN 30803 429 5 after after IN 30803 429 6 the the DT 30803 429 7 fall fall NN 30803 429 8 of of IN 30803 429 9 the the DT 30803 429 10 empire empire NN 30803 429 11 and and CC 30803 429 12 far far RB 30803 429 13 into into IN 30803 429 14 the the DT 30803 429 15 mediæval mediæval NN 30803 429 16 ages age VBZ 30803 429 17 the the DT 30803 429 18 monks monk NNS 30803 429 19 were be VBD 30803 429 20 the the DT 30803 429 21 only only RB 30803 429 22 educated educate VBN 30803 429 23 people people NNS 30803 429 24 in in IN 30803 429 25 the the DT 30803 429 26 community community NN 30803 429 27 . . . 30803 430 1 The the DT 30803 430 2 nobles noble NNS 30803 430 3 were be VBD 30803 430 4 rough rough JJ 30803 430 5 unlettered unlettered JJ 30803 430 6 soldiers soldier NNS 30803 430 7 . . . 30803 431 1 Even even RB 30803 431 2 kings king NNS 30803 431 3 were be VBD 30803 431 4 unable unable JJ 30803 431 5 to to TO 30803 431 6 read read VB 30803 431 7 and and CC 30803 431 8 write write VB 30803 431 9 . . . 30803 432 1 The the DT 30803 432 2 business business NN 30803 432 3 of of IN 30803 432 4 the the DT 30803 432 5 state state NN 30803 432 6 was be VBD 30803 432 7 largely largely RB 30803 432 8 in in IN 30803 432 9 the the DT 30803 432 10 hands hand NNS 30803 432 11 of of IN 30803 432 12 churchmen churchman NNS 30803 432 13 who who WP 30803 432 14 filled fill VBD 30803 432 15 the the DT 30803 432 16 offices office NNS 30803 432 17 of of IN 30803 432 18 civil civil JJ 30803 432 19 administration administration NN 30803 432 20 , , , 30803 432 21 conducted conduct VBD 30803 432 22 the the DT 30803 432 23 legal legal JJ 30803 432 24 business business NN 30803 432 25 of of IN 30803 432 26 the the DT 30803 432 27 community community NN 30803 432 28 , , , 30803 432 29 served serve VBD 30803 432 30 as as IN 30803 432 31 its -PRON- PRP$ 30803 432 32 physicians physician NNS 30803 432 33 and and CC 30803 432 34 , , , 30803 432 35 in in IN 30803 432 36 short short JJ 30803 432 37 , , , 30803 432 38 discharged discharge VBN 30803 432 39 nearly nearly RB 30803 432 40 all all PDT 30803 432 41 those those DT 30803 432 42 functions function NNS 30803 432 43 which which WDT 30803 432 44 required require VBD 30803 432 45 education education NN 30803 432 46 and and CC 30803 432 47 literary literary JJ 30803 432 48 training training NN 30803 432 49 . . . 30803 433 1 The the DT 30803 433 2 mercantile mercantile NN 30803 433 3 class class NN 30803 433 4 knew know VBD 30803 433 5 only only RB 30803 433 6 enough enough RB 30803 433 7 to to TO 30803 433 8 keep keep VB 30803 433 9 track track NN 30803 433 10 of of IN 30803 433 11 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 433 12 business business NN 30803 433 13 by by IN 30803 433 14 the the DT 30803 433 15 help help NN 30803 433 16 of of IN 30803 433 17 mechanical mechanical JJ 30803 433 18 contrivances contrivance NNS 30803 433 19 and and CC 30803 433 20 the the DT 30803 433 21 rudest rude JJS 30803 433 22 methods method NNS 30803 433 23 of of IN 30803 433 24 accounting accounting NN 30803 433 25 . . . 30803 434 1 The the DT 30803 434 2 great great JJ 30803 434 3 mass mass NN 30803 434 4 of of IN 30803 434 5 mechanics mechanic NNS 30803 434 6 and and CC 30803 434 7 agricultural agricultural JJ 30803 434 8 laborers laborer NNS 30803 434 9 were be VBD 30803 434 10 entirely entirely RB 30803 434 11 illiterate illiterate JJ 30803 434 12 . . . 30803 435 1 King King NNP 30803 435 2 and and CC 30803 435 3 peasant peasant NN 30803 435 4 alike alike RB 30803 435 5 depended depend VBD 30803 435 6 upon upon IN 30803 435 7 the the DT 30803 435 8 clergy clergy NNS 30803 435 9 for for IN 30803 435 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 435 11 knowledge knowledge NN 30803 435 12 of of IN 30803 435 13 past past JJ 30803 435 14 transactions transaction NNS 30803 435 15 , , , 30803 435 16 national national JJ 30803 435 17 records record NNS 30803 435 18 , , , 30803 435 19 and and CC 30803 435 20 the the DT 30803 435 21 teachings teaching NNS 30803 435 22 of of IN 30803 435 23 religion religion NN 30803 435 24 . . . 30803 436 1 Under under IN 30803 436 2 these these DT 30803 436 3 circumstances circumstance NNS 30803 436 4 the the DT 30803 436 5 monasteries monastery NNS 30803 436 6 naturally naturally RB 30803 436 7 built build VBD 30803 436 8 up up RP 30803 436 9 libraries library NNS 30803 436 10 . . . 30803 437 1 Originally originally RB 30803 437 2 these these DT 30803 437 3 libraries library NNS 30803 437 4 began begin VBD 30803 437 5 with with IN 30803 437 6 copies copy NNS 30803 437 7 of of IN 30803 437 8 the the DT 30803 437 9 scriptures scripture NNS 30803 437 10 or or CC 30803 437 11 of of IN 30803 437 12 books book NNS 30803 437 13 containing contain VBG 30803 437 14 portions portion NNS 30803 437 15 of of IN 30803 437 16 them -PRON- PRP 30803 437 17 , , , 30803 437 18 such such JJ 30803 437 19 as as IN 30803 437 20 the the DT 30803 437 21 Gospels Gospels NNPS 30803 437 22 and and CC 30803 437 23 the the DT 30803 437 24 Psalms Psalms NNPS 30803 437 25 . . . 30803 438 1 To to IN 30803 438 2 these these DT 30803 438 3 were be VBD 30803 438 4 added add VBN 30803 438 5 Mass Mass NNP 30803 438 6 books book NNS 30803 438 7 , , , 30803 438 8 collections collection NNS 30803 438 9 of of IN 30803 438 10 the the DT 30803 438 11 writings writing NNS 30803 438 12 of of IN 30803 438 13 the the DT 30803 438 14 fathers father NNS 30803 438 15 of of IN 30803 438 16 the the DT 30803 438 17 church church NN 30803 438 18 and and CC 30803 438 19 the the DT 30803 438 20 sermons sermon NNS 30803 438 21 of of IN 30803 438 22 famous famous JJ 30803 438 23 preachers preacher NNS 30803 438 24 , , , 30803 438 25 volumes volume NNS 30803 438 26 of of IN 30803 438 27 commentaries commentary NNS 30803 438 28 on on IN 30803 438 29 the the DT 30803 438 30 scriptures scripture NNS 30803 438 31 and and CC 30803 438 32 the the DT 30803 438 33 works work NNS 30803 438 34 of of IN 30803 438 35 the the DT 30803 438 36 fathers father NNS 30803 438 37 , , , 30803 438 38 and and CC 30803 438 39 lives life NNS 30803 438 40 of of IN 30803 438 41 the the DT 30803 438 42 saints saint NNS 30803 438 43 , , , 30803 438 44 and and CC 30803 438 45 , , , 30803 438 46 in in IN 30803 438 47 course course NN 30803 438 48 of of IN 30803 438 49 time time NN 30803 438 50 , , , 30803 438 51 treatises treatise NNS 30803 438 52 on on IN 30803 438 53 theological theological JJ 30803 438 54 subjects subject NNS 30803 438 55 . . . 30803 439 1 Even even RB 30803 439 2 the the DT 30803 439 3 life life NN 30803 439 4 of of IN 30803 439 5 a a DT 30803 439 6 monastic monastic JJ 30803 439 7 community community NN 30803 439 8 , , , 30803 439 9 however however RB 30803 439 10 , , , 30803 439 11 is be VBZ 30803 439 12 not not RB 30803 439 13 all all RB 30803 439 14 religious religious JJ 30803 439 15 . . . 30803 440 1 Consequently consequently RB 30803 440 2 we -PRON- PRP 30803 440 3 find find VBP 30803 440 4 the the DT 30803 440 5 monks monk NNS 30803 440 6 writing write VBG 30803 440 7 chronicles chronicle NNS 30803 440 8 which which WDT 30803 440 9 were be VBD 30803 440 10 the the DT 30803 440 11 beginnings beginning NNS 30803 440 12 of of IN 30803 440 13 history history NN 30803 440 14 . . . 30803 441 1 These these DT 30803 441 2 chronicles chronicle NNS 30803 441 3 originally originally RB 30803 441 4 were be VBD 30803 441 5 merely merely RB 30803 441 6 dry dry JJ 30803 441 7 statements statement NNS 30803 441 8 of of IN 30803 441 9 the the DT 30803 441 10 events event NNS 30803 441 11 which which WDT 30803 441 12 happened happen VBD 30803 441 13 in in IN 30803 441 14 the the DT 30803 441 15 monastery monastery NN 30803 441 16 , , , 30803 441 17 the the DT 30803 441 18 community community NN 30803 441 19 in in IN 30803 441 20 which which WDT 30803 441 21 it -PRON- PRP 30803 441 22 was be VBD 30803 441 23 located locate VBN 30803 441 24 , , , 30803 441 25 or or CC 30803 441 26 even even RB 30803 441 27 the the DT 30803 441 28 country country NN 30803 441 29 . . . 30803 442 1 At at IN 30803 442 2 first first JJ 30803 442 3 dry dry JJ 30803 442 4 notebooks notebook NNS 30803 442 5 without without IN 30803 442 6 historical historical JJ 30803 442 7 perspective perspective NN 30803 442 8 and and CC 30803 442 9 with with IN 30803 442 10 very very RB 30803 442 11 little little JJ 30803 442 12 detail detail NN 30803 442 13 , , , 30803 442 14 they -PRON- PRP 30803 442 15 gradually gradually RB 30803 442 16 developed develop VBD 30803 442 17 into into IN 30803 442 18 something something NN 30803 442 19 like like IN 30803 442 20 a a DT 30803 442 21 historical historical JJ 30803 442 22 narrative narrative NN 30803 442 23 of of IN 30803 442 24 occurrences occurrence NNS 30803 442 25 with with IN 30803 442 26 estimates estimate NNS 30803 442 27 of of IN 30803 442 28 character character NN 30803 442 29 and and CC 30803 442 30 statements statement NNS 30803 442 31 as as IN 30803 442 32 to to IN 30803 442 33 the the DT 30803 442 34 causes cause NNS 30803 442 35 and and CC 30803 442 36 effects effect NNS 30803 442 37 , , , 30803 442 38 as as RB 30803 442 39 well well RB 30803 442 40 as as IN 30803 442 41 the the DT 30803 442 42 mere mere JJ 30803 442 43 occurrence occurrence NN 30803 442 44 , , , 30803 442 45 of of IN 30803 442 46 events event NNS 30803 442 47 . . . 30803 443 1 Then then RB 30803 443 2 came come VBD 30803 443 3 works work NNS 30803 443 4 on on IN 30803 443 5 natural natural JJ 30803 443 6 history history NN 30803 443 7 , , , 30803 443 8 medicine medicine NN 30803 443 9 , , , 30803 443 10 music music NN 30803 443 11 , , , 30803 443 12 grammar grammar UH 30803 443 13 , , , 30803 443 14 in in IN 30803 443 15 fact fact NN 30803 443 16 all all PDT 30803 443 17 the the DT 30803 443 18 matters matter NNS 30803 443 19 in in IN 30803 443 20 which which WDT 30803 443 21 men man NNS 30803 443 22 are be VBP 30803 443 23 interested interested JJ 30803 443 24 . . . 30803 444 1 Poetry poetry NN 30803 444 2 struggled struggle VBD 30803 444 3 for for IN 30803 444 4 expression expression NN 30803 444 5 and and CC 30803 444 6 the the DT 30803 444 7 romantic romantic JJ 30803 444 8 adventures adventure NNS 30803 444 9 of of IN 30803 444 10 the the DT 30803 444 11 real real JJ 30803 444 12 men man NNS 30803 444 13 and and CC 30803 444 14 women woman NNS 30803 444 15 of of IN 30803 444 16 the the DT 30803 444 17 time time NN 30803 444 18 stimulated stimulate VBD 30803 444 19 imagination imagination NN 30803 444 20 to to IN 30803 444 21 the the DT 30803 444 22 production production NN 30803 444 23 of of IN 30803 444 24 tales tale NNS 30803 444 25 and and CC 30803 444 26 romances romance NNS 30803 444 27 . . . 30803 445 1 For for IN 30803 445 2 historical historical JJ 30803 445 3 information information NN 30803 445 4 and and CC 30803 445 5 for for IN 30803 445 6 literary literary JJ 30803 445 7 models model NNS 30803 445 8 the the DT 30803 445 9 writers writer NNS 30803 445 10 looked look VBD 30803 445 11 to to IN 30803 445 12 the the DT 30803 445 13 great great JJ 30803 445 14 authors author NNS 30803 445 15 of of IN 30803 445 16 a a DT 30803 445 17 previous previous JJ 30803 445 18 age age NN 30803 445 19 , , , 30803 445 20 and and CC 30803 445 21 attention attention NN 30803 445 22 was be VBD 30803 445 23 given give VBN 30803 445 24 to to IN 30803 445 25 the the DT 30803 445 26 copying copying NN 30803 445 27 of of IN 30803 445 28 such such JJ 30803 445 29 remains remain NNS 30803 445 30 of of IN 30803 445 31 ancient ancient JJ 30803 445 32 literature literature NN 30803 445 33 as as IN 30803 445 34 had have VBD 30803 445 35 survived survive VBN 30803 445 36 the the DT 30803 445 37 fall fall NN 30803 445 38 of of IN 30803 445 39 the the DT 30803 445 40 old old JJ 30803 445 41 civilization civilization NN 30803 445 42 . . . 30803 446 1 Practically practically RB 30803 446 2 every every DT 30803 446 3 manuscript manuscript NN 30803 446 4 that that WDT 30803 446 5 we -PRON- PRP 30803 446 6 have have VBP 30803 446 7 of of IN 30803 446 8 the the DT 30803 446 9 ancient ancient JJ 30803 446 10 authors author NNS 30803 446 11 is be VBZ 30803 446 12 the the DT 30803 446 13 salvage salvage NN 30803 446 14 from from IN 30803 446 15 some some DT 30803 446 16 old old JJ 30803 446 17 library library NN 30803 446 18 of of IN 30803 446 19 a a DT 30803 446 20 mediæval mediæval JJ 30803 446 21 monastery monastery NN 30803 446 22 . . . 30803 447 1 Every every DT 30803 447 2 religious religious JJ 30803 447 3 house house NN 30803 447 4 came come VBD 30803 447 5 to to TO 30803 447 6 have have VB 30803 447 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 30803 447 8 library library NN 30803 447 9 , , , 30803 447 10 or or CC 30803 447 11 scriptorium scriptorium NN 30803 447 12 , , , 30803 447 13 which which WDT 30803 447 14 was be VBD 30803 447 15 at at IN 30803 447 16 once once RB 30803 447 17 the the DT 30803 447 18 place place NN 30803 447 19 for for IN 30803 447 20 the the DT 30803 447 21 making making NN 30803 447 22 and and CC 30803 447 23 the the DT 30803 447 24 keeping keeping NN 30803 447 25 of of IN 30803 447 26 books book NNS 30803 447 27 . . . 30803 448 1 Some some DT 30803 448 2 brother brother NN 30803 448 3 especially especially RB 30803 448 4 suited suit VBN 30803 448 5 for for IN 30803 448 6 the the DT 30803 448 7 task task NN 30803 448 8 , , , 30803 448 9 sometimes sometimes RB 30803 448 10 even even RB 30803 448 11 the the DT 30803 448 12 abbot abbot NN 30803 448 13 himself -PRON- PRP 30803 448 14 , , , 30803 448 15 was be VBD 30803 448 16 in in IN 30803 448 17 charge charge NN 30803 448 18 of of IN 30803 448 19 the the DT 30803 448 20 library library NN 30803 448 21 and and CC 30803 448 22 of of IN 30803 448 23 the the DT 30803 448 24 brothers brother NNS 30803 448 25 who who WP 30803 448 26 worked work VBD 30803 448 27 there there RB 30803 448 28 . . . 30803 449 1 Sometimes sometimes RB 30803 449 2 the the DT 30803 449 3 entire entire JJ 30803 449 4 work work NN 30803 449 5 on on IN 30803 449 6 a a DT 30803 449 7 manuscript manuscript NN 30803 449 8 would would MD 30803 449 9 be be VB 30803 449 10 done do VBN 30803 449 11 by by IN 30803 449 12 a a DT 30803 449 13 single single JJ 30803 449 14 man man NN 30803 449 15 . . . 30803 450 1 At at IN 30803 450 2 other other JJ 30803 450 3 times time NNS 30803 450 4 there there EX 30803 450 5 was be VBD 30803 450 6 a a DT 30803 450 7 division division NN 30803 450 8 of of IN 30803 450 9 labor labor NN 30803 450 10 . . . 30803 451 1 One one CD 30803 451 2 brother brother NN 30803 451 3 , , , 30803 451 4 for for IN 30803 451 5 example example NN 30803 451 6 , , , 30803 451 7 would would MD 30803 451 8 pick pick VB 30803 451 9 out out RP 30803 451 10 the the DT 30803 451 11 vellum vellum NN 30803 451 12 , , , 30803 451 13 see see VB 30803 451 14 to to IN 30803 451 15 the the DT 30803 451 16 condition condition NN 30803 451 17 of of IN 30803 451 18 the the DT 30803 451 19 skins skin NNS 30803 451 20 , , , 30803 451 21 arrange arrange VB 30803 451 22 the the DT 30803 451 23 quires quire NNS 30803 451 24 , , , 30803 451 25 and and CC 30803 451 26 rule rule VB 30803 451 27 them -PRON- PRP 30803 451 28 with with IN 30803 451 29 compass compass NN 30803 451 30 and and CC 30803 451 31 stylus stylus NNP 30803 451 32 . . . 30803 452 1 Another another DT 30803 452 2 , , , 30803 452 3 or or CC 30803 452 4 a a DT 30803 452 5 group group NN 30803 452 6 of of IN 30803 452 7 others other NNS 30803 452 8 , , , 30803 452 9 would would MD 30803 452 10 write write VB 30803 452 11 the the DT 30803 452 12 plain plain JJ 30803 452 13 text text NN 30803 452 14 . . . 30803 453 1 In in IN 30803 453 2 the the DT 30803 453 3 case case NN 30803 453 4 of of IN 30803 453 5 a a DT 30803 453 6 large large JJ 30803 453 7 book book NN 30803 453 8 , , , 30803 453 9 a a DT 30803 453 10 certain certain JJ 30803 453 11 number number NN 30803 453 12 of of IN 30803 453 13 quires quire NNS 30803 453 14 might may MD 30803 453 15 be be VB 30803 453 16 given give VBN 30803 453 17 to to IN 30803 453 18 each each DT 30803 453 19 one one CD 30803 453 20 of of IN 30803 453 21 a a DT 30803 453 22 group group NN 30803 453 23 of of IN 30803 453 24 copyists copyist NNS 30803 453 25 . . . 30803 454 1 A a DT 30803 454 2 third third NN 30803 454 3 would would MD 30803 454 4 put put VB 30803 454 5 in in IN 30803 454 6 the the DT 30803 454 7 illuminated illuminate VBN 30803 454 8 capitals capital NNS 30803 454 9 and and CC 30803 454 10 the the DT 30803 454 11 pictures picture NNS 30803 454 12 , , , 30803 454 13 or or CC 30803 454 14 either either DT 30803 454 15 of of IN 30803 454 16 them -PRON- PRP 30803 454 17 , , , 30803 454 18 while while IN 30803 454 19 still still RB 30803 454 20 another another DT 30803 454 21 would would MD 30803 454 22 examine examine VB 30803 454 23 the the DT 30803 454 24 completed complete VBN 30803 454 25 manuscript manuscript NN 30803 454 26 , , , 30803 454 27 comparing compare VBG 30803 454 28 it -PRON- PRP 30803 454 29 with with IN 30803 454 30 the the DT 30803 454 31 original original JJ 30803 454 32 and and CC 30803 454 33 correcting correct VBG 30803 454 34 any any DT 30803 454 35 errors error NNS 30803 454 36 which which WDT 30803 454 37 might may MD 30803 454 38 be be VB 30803 454 39 discovered discover VBN 30803 454 40 . . . 30803 455 1 To to IN 30803 455 2 the the DT 30803 455 3 artist artist NN 30803 455 4 and and CC 30803 455 5 illuminator illuminator NN 30803 455 6 this this DT 30803 455 7 work work NN 30803 455 8 was be VBD 30803 455 9 undoubtedly undoubtedly RB 30803 455 10 delightful delightful JJ 30803 455 11 but but CC 30803 455 12 to to IN 30803 455 13 the the DT 30803 455 14 man man NN 30803 455 15 who who WP 30803 455 16 had have VBD 30803 455 17 to to TO 30803 455 18 do do VB 30803 455 19 the the DT 30803 455 20 drudgery drudgery NN 30803 455 21 of of IN 30803 455 22 mere mere JJ 30803 455 23 copying copying NN 30803 455 24 of of IN 30803 455 25 long long JJ 30803 455 26 works work NNS 30803 455 27 , , , 30803 455 28 it -PRON- PRP 30803 455 29 was be VBD 30803 455 30 undoubtedly undoubtedly RB 30803 455 31 a a DT 30803 455 32 wearisome wearisome NN 30803 455 33 task task NN 30803 455 34 . . . 30803 456 1 Every every DT 30803 456 2 effort effort NN 30803 456 3 was be VBD 30803 456 4 made make VBN 30803 456 5 to to TO 30803 456 6 incite incite VB 30803 456 7 these these DT 30803 456 8 men man NNS 30803 456 9 to to TO 30803 456 10 care care VB 30803 456 11 and and CC 30803 456 12 patience patience NN 30803 456 13 by by IN 30803 456 14 magnifying magnify VBG 30803 456 15 the the DT 30803 456 16 importance importance NN 30803 456 17 of of IN 30803 456 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 456 19 work work NN 30803 456 20 and and CC 30803 456 21 especially especially RB 30803 456 22 by by IN 30803 456 23 representing represent VBG 30803 456 24 it -PRON- PRP 30803 456 25 as as IN 30803 456 26 a a DT 30803 456 27 work work NN 30803 456 28 of of IN 30803 456 29 religion religion NN 30803 456 30 . . . 30803 457 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 457 2 was be VBD 30803 457 3 held hold VBN 30803 457 4 that that IN 30803 457 5 the the DT 30803 457 6 making making NN 30803 457 7 of of IN 30803 457 8 books book NNS 30803 457 9 , , , 30803 457 10 especially especially RB 30803 457 11 books book NNS 30803 457 12 of of IN 30803 457 13 religion religion NN 30803 457 14 , , , 30803 457 15 was be VBD 30803 457 16 in in IN 30803 457 17 a a DT 30803 457 18 very very RB 30803 457 19 special special JJ 30803 457 20 way way NN 30803 457 21 agreeable agreeable JJ 30803 457 22 to to IN 30803 457 23 God God NNP 30803 457 24 and and CC 30803 457 25 that that DT 30803 457 26 salvation salvation NN 30803 457 27 might may MD 30803 457 28 be be VB 30803 457 29 obtained obtain VBN 30803 457 30 in in IN 30803 457 31 this this DT 30803 457 32 manner manner NN 30803 457 33 when when WRB 30803 457 34 other other JJ 30803 457 35 means mean NNS 30803 457 36 failed fail VBD 30803 457 37 . . . 30803 458 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 458 2 was be VBD 30803 458 3 even even RB 30803 458 4 taught teach VBN 30803 458 5 that that IN 30803 458 6 there there EX 30803 458 7 was be VBD 30803 458 8 a a DT 30803 458 9 special special JJ 30803 458 10 relation relation NN 30803 458 11 between between IN 30803 458 12 the the DT 30803 458 13 amount amount NN 30803 458 14 of of IN 30803 458 15 writing write VBG 30803 458 16 done do VBN 30803 458 17 and and CC 30803 458 18 the the DT 30803 458 19 number number NN 30803 458 20 and and CC 30803 458 21 magnitude magnitude NN 30803 458 22 of of IN 30803 458 23 the the DT 30803 458 24 sins sin NNS 30803 458 25 to to TO 30803 458 26 be be VB 30803 458 27 atoned atone VBN 30803 458 28 for for IN 30803 458 29 . . . 30803 459 1 A a DT 30803 459 2 story story NN 30803 459 3 was be VBD 30803 459 4 widely widely RB 30803 459 5 circulated circulate VBN 30803 459 6 which which WDT 30803 459 7 is be VBZ 30803 459 8 interesting interesting JJ 30803 459 9 for for IN 30803 459 10 the the DT 30803 459 11 light light NN 30803 459 12 which which WDT 30803 459 13 it -PRON- PRP 30803 459 14 throws throw VBZ 30803 459 15 upon upon IN 30803 459 16 the the DT 30803 459 17 childlike childlike NN 30803 459 18 and and CC 30803 459 19 literal literal JJ 30803 459 20 way way NN 30803 459 21 in in IN 30803 459 22 which which WDT 30803 459 23 the the DT 30803 459 24 things thing NNS 30803 459 25 of of IN 30803 459 26 the the DT 30803 459 27 spirit spirit NN 30803 459 28 were be VBD 30803 459 29 regarded regard VBN 30803 459 30 by by IN 30803 459 31 the the DT 30803 459 32 mediæval mediæval NN 30803 459 33 mind mind NN 30803 459 34 . . . 30803 460 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 460 2 was be VBD 30803 460 3 said say VBN 30803 460 4 that that IN 30803 460 5 a a DT 30803 460 6 certain certain JJ 30803 460 7 man man NN 30803 460 8 entered enter VBD 30803 460 9 a a DT 30803 460 10 monastery monastery NN 30803 460 11 with with IN 30803 460 12 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 460 13 soul soul NN 30803 460 14 burdened burden VBN 30803 460 15 by by IN 30803 460 16 many many JJ 30803 460 17 and and CC 30803 460 18 grievous grievous JJ 30803 460 19 sins sin NNS 30803 460 20 . . . 30803 461 1 He -PRON- PRP 30803 461 2 was be VBD 30803 461 3 set set VBN 30803 461 4 to to IN 30803 461 5 the the DT 30803 461 6 copying copying NN 30803 461 7 of of IN 30803 461 8 a a DT 30803 461 9 Bible Bible NNP 30803 461 10 and and CC 30803 461 11 in in IN 30803 461 12 due due JJ 30803 461 13 time time NN 30803 461 14 completed complete VBD 30803 461 15 the the DT 30803 461 16 task task NN 30803 461 17 alone alone RB 30803 461 18 . . . 30803 462 1 The the DT 30803 462 2 task task NN 30803 462 3 brought bring VBD 30803 462 4 him -PRON- PRP 30803 462 5 salvation salvation NN 30803 462 6 because because IN 30803 462 7 the the DT 30803 462 8 number number NN 30803 462 9 of of IN 30803 462 10 letters letter NNS 30803 462 11 in in IN 30803 462 12 the the DT 30803 462 13 Bible Bible NNP 30803 462 14 exceeded exceed VBD 30803 462 15 by by IN 30803 462 16 one one CD 30803 462 17 the the DT 30803 462 18 number number NN 30803 462 19 of of IN 30803 462 20 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 462 21 sins sin NNS 30803 462 22 . . . 30803 463 1 In in IN 30803 463 2 time time NN 30803 463 3 some some DT 30803 463 4 of of IN 30803 463 5 these these DT 30803 463 6 libraries library NNS 30803 463 7 came come VBD 30803 463 8 to to TO 30803 463 9 be be VB 30803 463 10 of of IN 30803 463 11 very very RB 30803 463 12 considerable considerable JJ 30803 463 13 size size NN 30803 463 14 even even RB 30803 463 15 by by IN 30803 463 16 modern modern JJ 30803 463 17 standards standard NNS 30803 463 18 . . . 30803 464 1 A a DT 30803 464 2 few few JJ 30803 464 3 of of IN 30803 464 4 them -PRON- PRP 30803 464 5 remain remain VBP 30803 464 6 almost almost RB 30803 464 7 intact intact JJ 30803 464 8 to to IN 30803 464 9 our -PRON- PRP$ 30803 464 10 own own JJ 30803 464 11 day day NN 30803 464 12 . . . 30803 465 1 The the DT 30803 465 2 mediæval mediæval NN 30803 465 3 librarians librarian VBZ 30803 465 4 , , , 30803 465 5 as as IN 30803 465 6 was be VBD 30803 465 7 proper proper JJ 30803 465 8 considering consider VBG 30803 465 9 the the DT 30803 465 10 value value NN 30803 465 11 of of IN 30803 465 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 465 13 charges charge NNS 30803 465 14 , , , 30803 465 15 were be VBD 30803 465 16 very very RB 30803 465 17 solicitous solicitous JJ 30803 465 18 about about IN 30803 465 19 the the DT 30803 465 20 care care NN 30803 465 21 of of IN 30803 465 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 465 23 books book NNS 30803 465 24 . . . 30803 466 1 Readers reader NNS 30803 466 2 were be VBD 30803 466 3 warned warn VBN 30803 466 4 to to TO 30803 466 5 handle handle VB 30803 466 6 the the DT 30803 466 7 books book NNS 30803 466 8 with with IN 30803 466 9 care care NN 30803 466 10 , , , 30803 466 11 to to TO 30803 466 12 be be VB 30803 466 13 careful careful JJ 30803 466 14 about about IN 30803 466 15 turning turn VBG 30803 466 16 the the DT 30803 466 17 leaves leave NNS 30803 466 18 and and CC 30803 466 19 especially especially RB 30803 466 20 to to TO 30803 466 21 keep keep VB 30803 466 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 466 23 fingers finger NNS 30803 466 24 off off IN 30803 466 25 the the DT 30803 466 26 ink ink NN 30803 466 27 . . . 30803 467 1 Evidently evidently RB 30803 467 2 the the DT 30803 467 3 ancient ancient JJ 30803 467 4 readers reader NNS 30803 467 5 had have VBD 30803 467 6 the the DT 30803 467 7 tendency tendency NN 30803 467 8 common common JJ 30803 467 9 to to IN 30803 467 10 unskillful unskillful JJ 30803 467 11 readers reader NNS 30803 467 12 everywhere everywhere RB 30803 467 13 to to TO 30803 467 14 trace trace VB 30803 467 15 the the DT 30803 467 16 lines line NNS 30803 467 17 with with IN 30803 467 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 467 19 fingers finger NNS 30803 467 20 as as IN 30803 467 21 they -PRON- PRP 30803 467 22 read read VBD 30803 467 23 . . . 30803 468 1 The the DT 30803 468 2 books book NNS 30803 468 3 were be VBD 30803 468 4 classified classify VBN 30803 468 5 by by IN 30803 468 6 subject subject JJ 30803 468 7 matter matter NN 30803 468 8 , , , 30803 468 9 numbered number VBN 30803 468 10 , , , 30803 468 11 and and CC 30803 468 12 catalogued catalogue VBD 30803 468 13 . . . 30803 469 1 Some some DT 30803 469 2 of of IN 30803 469 3 these these DT 30803 469 4 ancient ancient JJ 30803 469 5 catalogues catalogue NNS 30803 469 6 showing show VBG 30803 469 7 the the DT 30803 469 8 exact exact JJ 30803 469 9 contents content NNS 30803 469 10 of of IN 30803 469 11 the the DT 30803 469 12 monastic monastic JJ 30803 469 13 libraries library NNS 30803 469 14 and and CC 30803 469 15 the the DT 30803 469 16 contemporary contemporary JJ 30803 469 17 ideas idea NNS 30803 469 18 of of IN 30803 469 19 classification classification NN 30803 469 20 , , , 30803 469 21 not not RB 30803 469 22 always always RB 30803 469 23 the the DT 30803 469 24 same same JJ 30803 469 25 as as IN 30803 469 26 our -PRON- PRP$ 30803 469 27 own own JJ 30803 469 28 , , , 30803 469 29 are be VBP 30803 469 30 still still RB 30803 469 31 preserved preserve VBN 30803 469 32 . . . 30803 470 1 An an DT 30803 470 2 interesting interesting JJ 30803 470 3 list list NN 30803 470 4 remains remain VBZ 30803 470 5 of of IN 30803 470 6 nine nine CD 30803 470 7 books book NNS 30803 470 8 brought bring VBN 30803 470 9 over over RP 30803 470 10 to to IN 30803 470 11 England England NNP 30803 470 12 by by IN 30803 470 13 St. St. NNP 30803 470 14 Augustine Augustine NNP 30803 470 15 the the DT 30803 470 16 missionary missionary NN 30803 470 17 which which WDT 30803 470 18 formed form VBD 30803 470 19 the the DT 30803 470 20 first first JJ 30803 470 21 library library NN 30803 470 22 of of IN 30803 470 23 Christ Christ NNP 30803 470 24 Church Church NNP 30803 470 25 in in IN 30803 470 26 Canterbury Canterbury NNP 30803 470 27 . . . 30803 471 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 471 2 consisted consist VBD 30803 471 3 of of IN 30803 471 4 a a DT 30803 471 5 Bible Bible NNP 30803 471 6 in in IN 30803 471 7 two two CD 30803 471 8 volumes volume NNS 30803 471 9 , , , 30803 471 10 a a DT 30803 471 11 psalter psalter NN 30803 471 12 , , , 30803 471 13 a a DT 30803 471 14 book book NN 30803 471 15 of of IN 30803 471 16 gospels gospel NNS 30803 471 17 , , , 30803 471 18 lives life NNS 30803 471 19 of of IN 30803 471 20 the the DT 30803 471 21 apostles apostle NNS 30803 471 22 , , , 30803 471 23 lives life NNS 30803 471 24 of of IN 30803 471 25 the the DT 30803 471 26 martyrs martyr NNS 30803 471 27 and and CC 30803 471 28 an an DT 30803 471 29 exposition exposition NN 30803 471 30 or or CC 30803 471 31 commentary commentary NN 30803 471 32 on on IN 30803 471 33 the the DT 30803 471 34 gospels gospel NNS 30803 471 35 and and CC 30803 471 36 epistles epistle NNS 30803 471 37 . . . 30803 472 1 Books book NNS 30803 472 2 were be VBD 30803 472 3 loaned loan VBN 30803 472 4 quite quite RB 30803 472 5 extensively extensively RB 30803 472 6 . . . 30803 473 1 This this DT 30803 473 2 was be VBD 30803 473 3 especially especially RB 30803 473 4 true true JJ 30803 473 5 among among IN 30803 473 6 the the DT 30803 473 7 monasteries monastery NNS 30803 473 8 of of IN 30803 473 9 the the DT 30803 473 10 same same JJ 30803 473 11 order order NN 30803 473 12 . . . 30803 474 1 These these DT 30803 474 2 orders order NNS 30803 474 3 naturally naturally RB 30803 474 4 looked look VBD 30803 474 5 to to IN 30803 474 6 certain certain JJ 30803 474 7 of of IN 30803 474 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 474 9 houses house NNS 30803 474 10 as as IN 30803 474 11 the the DT 30803 474 12 leading lead VBG 30803 474 13 or or CC 30803 474 14 mother mother NN 30803 474 15 establishments establishment NNS 30803 474 16 in in IN 30803 474 17 various various JJ 30803 474 18 localities locality NNS 30803 474 19 . . . 30803 475 1 These these DT 30803 475 2 leading lead VBG 30803 475 3 establishments establishment NNS 30803 475 4 were be VBD 30803 475 5 often often RB 30803 475 6 the the DT 30803 475 7 actual actual JJ 30803 475 8 mother mother NN 30803 475 9 houses house NNS 30803 475 10 from from IN 30803 475 11 which which WDT 30803 475 12 others other NNS 30803 475 13 had have VBD 30803 475 14 been be VBN 30803 475 15 created create VBN 30803 475 16 by by IN 30803 475 17 colonization colonization NN 30803 475 18 , , , 30803 475 19 besides besides IN 30803 475 20 being be VBG 30803 475 21 the the DT 30803 475 22 seats seat NNS 30803 475 23 of of IN 30803 475 24 the the DT 30803 475 25 high high JJ 30803 475 26 officials official NNS 30803 475 27 of of IN 30803 475 28 the the DT 30803 475 29 order order NN 30803 475 30 . . . 30803 476 1 Naturally naturally RB 30803 476 2 the the DT 30803 476 3 age age NN 30803 476 4 and and CC 30803 476 5 wealth wealth NN 30803 476 6 of of IN 30803 476 7 these these DT 30803 476 8 central central JJ 30803 476 9 houses house NNS 30803 476 10 enabled enable VBD 30803 476 11 them -PRON- PRP 30803 476 12 to to TO 30803 476 13 possess possess VB 30803 476 14 large large JJ 30803 476 15 and and CC 30803 476 16 valuable valuable JJ 30803 476 17 libraries library NNS 30803 476 18 . . . 30803 477 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 477 2 was be VBD 30803 477 3 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 477 4 duty duty NN 30803 477 5 to to TO 30803 477 6 see see VB 30803 477 7 that that IN 30803 477 8 the the DT 30803 477 9 smaller small JJR 30803 477 10 houses house NNS 30803 477 11 were be VBD 30803 477 12 provided provide VBN 30803 477 13 with with IN 30803 477 14 correct correct JJ 30803 477 15 copies copy NNS 30803 477 16 of of IN 30803 477 17 the the DT 30803 477 18 rules rule NNS 30803 477 19 and and CC 30803 477 20 regulations regulation NNS 30803 477 21 of of IN 30803 477 22 the the DT 30803 477 23 order order NN 30803 477 24 , , , 30803 477 25 service service NN 30803 477 26 books book NNS 30803 477 27 which which WDT 30803 477 28 it -PRON- PRP 30803 477 29 used use VBD 30803 477 30 , , , 30803 477 31 and and CC 30803 477 32 other other JJ 30803 477 33 valuable valuable JJ 30803 477 34 material material NN 30803 477 35 , , , 30803 477 36 as as RB 30803 477 37 well well RB 30803 477 38 as as IN 30803 477 39 to to TO 30803 477 40 assist assist VB 30803 477 41 them -PRON- PRP 30803 477 42 to to TO 30803 477 43 secure secure VB 30803 477 44 more more RBR 30803 477 45 strictly strictly RB 30803 477 46 literary literary JJ 30803 477 47 material material NN 30803 477 48 . . . 30803 478 1 Therefore therefore RB 30803 478 2 some some DT 30803 478 3 of of IN 30803 478 4 these these DT 30803 478 5 places place NNS 30803 478 6 became become VBD 30803 478 7 veritable veritable JJ 30803 478 8 circulating circulate VBG 30803 478 9 libraries library NNS 30803 478 10 for for IN 30803 478 11 the the DT 30803 478 12 subordinate subordinate JJ 30803 478 13 houses house NNS 30803 478 14 . . . 30803 479 1 In in IN 30803 479 2 addition addition NN 30803 479 3 to to IN 30803 479 4 this this DT 30803 479 5 there there EX 30803 479 6 was be VBD 30803 479 7 a a DT 30803 479 8 certain certain JJ 30803 479 9 amount amount NN 30803 479 10 of of IN 30803 479 11 loaning loan VBG 30803 479 12 between between IN 30803 479 13 the the DT 30803 479 14 orders order NNS 30803 479 15 and and CC 30803 479 16 persons person NNS 30803 479 17 outside outside IN 30803 479 18 the the DT 30803 479 19 orders order NNS 30803 479 20 both both CC 30803 479 21 clerical clerical JJ 30803 479 22 and and CC 30803 479 23 , , , 30803 479 24 at at IN 30803 479 25 a a DT 30803 479 26 later later JJ 30803 479 27 period period NN 30803 479 28 , , , 30803 479 29 lay lie VBD 30803 479 30 . . . 30803 480 1 These these DT 30803 480 2 loans loan NNS 30803 480 3 were be VBD 30803 480 4 carefully carefully RB 30803 480 5 registered register VBN 30803 480 6 and and CC 30803 480 7 regulated regulated JJ 30803 480 8 and and CC 30803 480 9 excepting excepting JJ 30803 480 10 when when WRB 30803 480 11 occurring occur VBG 30803 480 12 in in IN 30803 480 13 the the DT 30803 480 14 regular regular JJ 30803 480 15 discharge discharge NN 30803 480 16 of of IN 30803 480 17 duty duty NN 30803 480 18 were be VBD 30803 480 19 guarded guard VBN 30803 480 20 by by IN 30803 480 21 the the DT 30803 480 22 most most RBS 30803 480 23 vigilant vigilant JJ 30803 480 24 precautions precaution NNS 30803 480 25 . . . 30803 481 1 The the DT 30803 481 2 books book NNS 30803 481 3 were be VBD 30803 481 4 , , , 30803 481 5 of of IN 30803 481 6 course course NN 30803 481 7 , , , 30803 481 8 carefully carefully RB 30803 481 9 provided provide VBN 30803 481 10 with with IN 30803 481 11 identification identification NN 30803 481 12 marks mark NNS 30803 481 13 . . . 30803 482 1 Loan loan NN 30803 482 2 was be VBD 30803 482 3 made make VBN 30803 482 4 a a DT 30803 482 5 matter matter NN 30803 482 6 of of IN 30803 482 7 record record NN 30803 482 8 and and CC 30803 482 9 pledges pledge NNS 30803 482 10 were be VBD 30803 482 11 exacted exact VBN 30803 482 12 for for IN 30803 482 13 the the DT 30803 482 14 safe safe JJ 30803 482 15 return return NN 30803 482 16 of of IN 30803 482 17 the the DT 30803 482 18 volume volume NN 30803 482 19 . . . 30803 483 1 This this DT 30803 483 2 pledge pledge NN 30803 483 3 was be VBD 30803 483 4 sometimes sometimes RB 30803 483 5 the the DT 30803 483 6 deposit deposit NN 30803 483 7 of of IN 30803 483 8 a a DT 30803 483 9 manuscript manuscript NN 30803 483 10 supposed suppose VBN 30803 483 11 to to TO 30803 483 12 be be VB 30803 483 13 of of IN 30803 483 14 equal equal JJ 30803 483 15 value value NN 30803 483 16 , , , 30803 483 17 sometimes sometimes RB 30803 483 18 a a DT 30803 483 19 mortgage mortgage NN 30803 483 20 on on IN 30803 483 21 property property NN 30803 483 22 , , , 30803 483 23 and and CC 30803 483 24 sometimes sometimes RB 30803 483 25 a a DT 30803 483 26 deposit deposit NN 30803 483 27 of of IN 30803 483 28 money money NN 30803 483 29 or or CC 30803 483 30 jewels jewel NNS 30803 483 31 . . . 30803 484 1 In in IN 30803 484 2 spite spite NN 30803 484 3 of of IN 30803 484 4 all all PDT 30803 484 5 these these DT 30803 484 6 precautions precaution NNS 30803 484 7 , , , 30803 484 8 however however RB 30803 484 9 , , , 30803 484 10 loans loan NNS 30803 484 11 were be VBD 30803 484 12 not not RB 30803 484 13 infrequently infrequently RB 30803 484 14 abused abuse VBN 30803 484 15 . . . 30803 485 1 Borrowed borrow VBN 30803 485 2 volumes volume NNS 30803 485 3 were be VBD 30803 485 4 sometimes sometimes RB 30803 485 5 never never RB 30803 485 6 returned return VBN 30803 485 7 . . . 30803 486 1 Sometimes sometimes RB 30803 486 2 the the DT 30803 486 3 identification identification NN 30803 486 4 marks mark NNS 30803 486 5 were be VBD 30803 486 6 removed remove VBN 30803 486 7 , , , 30803 486 8 as as IN 30803 486 9 existing exist VBG 30803 486 10 manuscripts manuscript NNS 30803 486 11 show show VBP 30803 486 12 . . . 30803 487 1 Sometimes sometimes RB 30803 487 2 passages passage NNS 30803 487 3 were be VBD 30803 487 4 erased erase VBN 30803 487 5 from from IN 30803 487 6 a a DT 30803 487 7 borrowed borrow VBN 30803 487 8 book book NN 30803 487 9 because because IN 30803 487 10 the the DT 30803 487 11 borrower borrower NN 30803 487 12 considered consider VBD 30803 487 13 them -PRON- PRP 30803 487 14 heretical heretical JJ 30803 487 15 . . . 30803 488 1 Ancient ancient JJ 30803 488 2 borrowers borrower NNS 30803 488 3 were be VBD 30803 488 4 also also RB 30803 488 5 addicted addicted JJ 30803 488 6 to to IN 30803 488 7 one one CD 30803 488 8 of of IN 30803 488 9 the the DT 30803 488 10 most most RBS 30803 488 11 exasperating exasperating NN 30803 488 12 of of IN 30803 488 13 modern modern JJ 30803 488 14 literary literary JJ 30803 488 15 crimes crime NNS 30803 488 16 , , , 30803 488 17 the the DT 30803 488 18 scribbling scribbling NN 30803 488 19 of of IN 30803 488 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 488 21 own own JJ 30803 488 22 opinions opinion NNS 30803 488 23 on on IN 30803 488 24 the the DT 30803 488 25 margins margin NNS 30803 488 26 of of IN 30803 488 27 borrowed borrow VBN 30803 488 28 books book NNS 30803 488 29 . . . 30803 489 1 Valuable valuable JJ 30803 489 2 books book NNS 30803 489 3 were be VBD 30803 489 4 kept keep VBN 30803 489 5 chained chain VBN 30803 489 6 to to IN 30803 489 7 the the DT 30803 489 8 desks desk NNS 30803 489 9 which which WDT 30803 489 10 were be VBD 30803 489 11 provided provide VBN 30803 489 12 for for IN 30803 489 13 those those DT 30803 489 14 who who WP 30803 489 15 had have VBD 30803 489 16 occasion occasion NN 30803 489 17 to to TO 30803 489 18 consult consult VB 30803 489 19 them -PRON- PRP 30803 489 20 . . . 30803 490 1 The the DT 30803 490 2 old old JJ 30803 490 3 library library NN 30803 490 4 of of IN 30803 490 5 Durham Durham NNP 30803 490 6 Cathedral Cathedral NNP 30803 490 7 contains contain VBZ 30803 490 8 many many JJ 30803 490 9 of of IN 30803 490 10 the the DT 30803 490 11 old old JJ 30803 490 12 volumes volume NNS 30803 490 13 , , , 30803 490 14 still still RB 30803 490 15 chained chain VBN 30803 490 16 to to IN 30803 490 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 490 18 original original JJ 30803 490 19 places place NNS 30803 490 20 . . . 30803 491 1 In in IN 30803 491 2 the the DT 30803 491 3 early early JJ 30803 491 4 days day NNS 30803 491 5 of of IN 30803 491 6 Bible Bible NNP 30803 491 7 translation translation NN 30803 491 8 in in IN 30803 491 9 England England NNP 30803 491 10 the the DT 30803 491 11 huge huge JJ 30803 491 12 folio folio NN 30803 491 13 Bibles Bibles NNPS 30803 491 14 of of IN 30803 491 15 the the DT 30803 491 16 period period NN 30803 491 17 were be VBD 30803 491 18 chained chain VBN 30803 491 19 in in IN 30803 491 20 the the DT 30803 491 21 churches church NNS 30803 491 22 where where WRB 30803 491 23 all all DT 30803 491 24 could could MD 30803 491 25 consult consult VB 30803 491 26 them -PRON- PRP 30803 491 27 . . . 30803 492 1 All all PDT 30803 492 2 this this DT 30803 492 3 precaution precaution NN 30803 492 4 , , , 30803 492 5 of of IN 30803 492 6 course course NN 30803 492 7 , , , 30803 492 8 is be VBZ 30803 492 9 testimony testimony NN 30803 492 10 to to IN 30803 492 11 the the DT 30803 492 12 great great JJ 30803 492 13 value value NN 30803 492 14 of of IN 30803 492 15 books book NNS 30803 492 16 at at IN 30803 492 17 this this DT 30803 492 18 period period NN 30803 492 19 . . . 30803 493 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 493 2 is be VBZ 30803 493 3 true true JJ 30803 493 4 that that IN 30803 493 5 the the DT 30803 493 6 labor labor NN 30803 493 7 of of IN 30803 493 8 the the DT 30803 493 9 monks monk NNS 30803 493 10 was be VBD 30803 493 11 not not RB 30803 493 12 paid pay VBN 30803 493 13 but but CC 30803 493 14 they -PRON- PRP 30803 493 15 had have VBD 30803 493 16 to to TO 30803 493 17 be be VB 30803 493 18 supported support VBN 30803 493 19 while while IN 30803 493 20 at at IN 30803 493 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 493 22 work work NN 30803 493 23 and and CC 30803 493 24 owing owing NN 30803 493 25 to to IN 30803 493 26 the the DT 30803 493 27 time time NN 30803 493 28 taken take VBN 30803 493 29 to to TO 30803 493 30 write write VB 30803 493 31 , , , 30803 493 32 or or CC 30803 493 33 rather rather RB 30803 493 34 paint paint VB 30803 493 35 , , , 30803 493 36 a a DT 30803 493 37 manuscript manuscript NN 30803 493 38 , , , 30803 493 39 for for IN 30803 493 40 it -PRON- PRP 30803 493 41 was be VBD 30803 493 42 really really RB 30803 493 43 rather rather RB 30803 493 44 painting paint VBG 30803 493 45 than than IN 30803 493 46 writing writing NN 30803 493 47 , , , 30803 493 48 this this DT 30803 493 49 was be VBD 30803 493 50 no no DT 30803 493 51 small small JJ 30803 493 52 item item NN 30803 493 53 . . . 30803 494 1 The the DT 30803 494 2 materials material NNS 30803 494 3 used use VBN 30803 494 4 were be VBD 30803 494 5 also also RB 30803 494 6 expensive expensive JJ 30803 494 7 . . . 30803 495 1 Parchment Parchment NNP 30803 495 2 was be VBD 30803 495 3 costly costly JJ 30803 495 4 and and CC 30803 495 5 tended tend VBD 30803 495 6 to to TO 30803 495 7 become become VB 30803 495 8 more more RBR 30803 495 9 so so RB 30803 495 10 as as IN 30803 495 11 the the DT 30803 495 12 increase increase NN 30803 495 13 of of IN 30803 495 14 literary literary JJ 30803 495 15 activity activity NN 30803 495 16 and and CC 30803 495 17 the the DT 30803 495 18 multiplication multiplication NN 30803 495 19 of of IN 30803 495 20 books book NNS 30803 495 21 increased increase VBD 30803 495 22 the the DT 30803 495 23 demand demand NN 30803 495 24 for for IN 30803 495 25 it -PRON- PRP 30803 495 26 . . . 30803 496 1 Considerable considerable JJ 30803 496 2 expense expense NN 30803 496 3 was be VBD 30803 496 4 also also RB 30803 496 5 involved involve VBN 30803 496 6 in in IN 30803 496 7 the the DT 30803 496 8 colored colored JJ 30803 496 9 inks ink NNS 30803 496 10 and and CC 30803 496 11 especially especially RB 30803 496 12 in in IN 30803 496 13 the the DT 30803 496 14 gold gold NN 30803 496 15 which which WDT 30803 496 16 was be VBD 30803 496 17 used use VBN 30803 496 18 so so RB 30803 496 19 lavishly lavishly RB 30803 496 20 in in IN 30803 496 21 the the DT 30803 496 22 decorations decoration NNS 30803 496 23 . . . 30803 497 1 Monasteries monastery NNS 30803 497 2 and and CC 30803 497 3 rich rich JJ 30803 497 4 men man NNS 30803 497 5 regarded regard VBD 30803 497 6 manuscripts manuscript NNS 30803 497 7 as as IN 30803 497 8 among among IN 30803 497 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 497 10 chiefest chief JJS 30803 497 11 treasures treasure NNS 30803 497 12 . . . 30803 498 1 Special special JJ 30803 498 2 provision provision NN 30803 498 3 was be VBD 30803 498 4 made make VBN 30803 498 5 for for IN 30803 498 6 the the DT 30803 498 7 purchase purchase NN 30803 498 8 of of IN 30803 498 9 materials material NNS 30803 498 10 and and CC 30803 498 11 the the DT 30803 498 12 maintenance maintenance NN 30803 498 13 of of IN 30803 498 14 the the DT 30803 498 15 monastery monastery NN 30803 498 16 libraries library NNS 30803 498 17 . . . 30803 499 1 The the DT 30803 499 2 name name NN 30803 499 3 of of IN 30803 499 4 the the DT 30803 499 5 generous generous JJ 30803 499 6 benefactor benefactor NN 30803 499 7 who who WP 30803 499 8 gave give VBD 30803 499 9 a a DT 30803 499 10 book book NN 30803 499 11 or or CC 30803 499 12 , , , 30803 499 13 more more RBR 30803 499 14 commonly commonly RB 30803 499 15 , , , 30803 499 16 the the DT 30803 499 17 material material NN 30803 499 18 for for IN 30803 499 19 one one CD 30803 499 20 , , , 30803 499 21 was be VBD 30803 499 22 inscribed inscribe VBN 30803 499 23 in in IN 30803 499 24 the the DT 30803 499 25 book book NN 30803 499 26 , , , 30803 499 27 often often RB 30803 499 28 with with IN 30803 499 29 a a DT 30803 499 30 request request NN 30803 499 31 for for IN 30803 499 32 the the DT 30803 499 33 prayers prayer NNS 30803 499 34 of of IN 30803 499 35 the the DT 30803 499 36 reader reader NN 30803 499 37 , , , 30803 499 38 and and CC 30803 499 39 was be VBD 30803 499 40 borne bear VBN 30803 499 41 upon upon IN 30803 499 42 the the DT 30803 499 43 honorable honorable JJ 30803 499 44 roll roll NN 30803 499 45 of of IN 30803 499 46 the the DT 30803 499 47 benefactors benefactor NNS 30803 499 48 of of IN 30803 499 49 the the DT 30803 499 50 house house NN 30803 499 51 . . . 30803 500 1 Large large JJ 30803 500 2 sums sum NNS 30803 500 3 of of IN 30803 500 4 money money NN 30803 500 5 and and CC 30803 500 6 even even RB 30803 500 7 estates estate NNS 30803 500 8 were be VBD 30803 500 9 given give VBN 30803 500 10 for for IN 30803 500 11 choice choice NN 30803 500 12 manuscripts manuscript NNS 30803 500 13 and and CC 30803 500 14 manuscripts manuscript NNS 30803 500 15 were be VBD 30803 500 16 considered consider VBN 30803 500 17 worthy worthy JJ 30803 500 18 gifts gift NNS 30803 500 19 for for IN 30803 500 20 kings king NNS 30803 500 21 . . . 30803 501 1 We -PRON- PRP 30803 501 2 have have VBP 30803 501 3 a a DT 30803 501 4 record record NN 30803 501 5 of of IN 30803 501 6 the the DT 30803 501 7 12th 12th JJ 30803 501 8 century century NN 30803 501 9 in in IN 30803 501 10 England England NNP 30803 501 11 of of IN 30803 501 12 fifty fifty CD 30803 501 13 marks mark NNS 30803 501 14 being be VBG 30803 501 15 paid pay VBN 30803 501 16 for for IN 30803 501 17 a a DT 30803 501 18 Bible Bible NNP 30803 501 19 . . . 30803 502 1 This this DT 30803 502 2 sum sum NN 30803 502 3 of of IN 30803 502 4 money money NN 30803 502 5 , , , 30803 502 6 taking take VBG 30803 502 7 into into IN 30803 502 8 account account NN 30803 502 9 the the DT 30803 502 10 very very RB 30803 502 11 great great JJ 30803 502 12 difference difference NN 30803 502 13 in in IN 30803 502 14 purchasing purchase VBG 30803 502 15 power power NN 30803 502 16 , , , 30803 502 17 would would MD 30803 502 18 represent represent VB 30803 502 19 at at RB 30803 502 20 least least RBS 30803 502 21 $ $ $ 30803 502 22 3000 3000 CD 30803 502 23 of of IN 30803 502 24 the the DT 30803 502 25 money money NN 30803 502 26 of of IN 30803 502 27 to to IN 30803 502 28 - - HYPH 30803 502 29 day day NN 30803 502 30 . . . 30803 503 1 As as IN 30803 503 2 time time NN 30803 503 3 went go VBD 30803 503 4 on on IN 30803 503 5 enlightened enlightened JJ 30803 503 6 kings king NNS 30803 503 7 like like IN 30803 503 8 Alfred Alfred NNP 30803 503 9 of of IN 30803 503 10 England England NNP 30803 503 11 and and CC 30803 503 12 the the DT 30803 503 13 Emperor Emperor NNP 30803 503 14 Charlemagne Charlemagne NNP 30803 503 15 patronized patronize VBD 30803 503 16 and and CC 30803 503 17 forwarded forwarded JJ 30803 503 18 learning learning NN 30803 503 19 . . . 30803 504 1 Laymen Laymen NNP 30803 504 2 , , , 30803 504 3 particularly particularly RB 30803 504 4 kings king NNS 30803 504 5 and and CC 30803 504 6 great great JJ 30803 504 7 nobles noble NNS 30803 504 8 , , , 30803 504 9 began begin VBD 30803 504 10 to to TO 30803 504 11 collect collect VB 30803 504 12 libraries library NNS 30803 504 13 of of IN 30803 504 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 504 15 own own JJ 30803 504 16 . . . 30803 505 1 The the DT 30803 505 2 National National NNP 30803 505 3 Library Library NNP 30803 505 4 of of IN 30803 505 5 France France NNP 30803 505 6 was be VBD 30803 505 7 begun begin VBN 30803 505 8 by by IN 30803 505 9 King King NNP 30803 505 10 John John NNP 30803 505 11 , , , 30803 505 12 who who WP 30803 505 13 reigned reign VBD 30803 505 14 from from IN 30803 505 15 1350 1350 CD 30803 505 16 to to IN 30803 505 17 1364 1364 CD 30803 505 18 , , , 30803 505 19 who who WP 30803 505 20 started start VBD 30803 505 21 it -PRON- PRP 30803 505 22 with with IN 30803 505 23 twenty twenty CD 30803 505 24 volumes volume NNS 30803 505 25 . . . 30803 506 1 His -PRON- PRP$ 30803 506 2 son son NN 30803 506 3 Charles Charles NNP 30803 506 4 V V NNP 30803 506 5 brought bring VBD 30803 506 6 the the DT 30803 506 7 number number NN 30803 506 8 up up IN 30803 506 9 to to TO 30803 506 10 900 900 CD 30803 506 11 . . . 30803 507 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 507 2 contained contain VBD 30803 507 3 books book NNS 30803 507 4 on on IN 30803 507 5 devotion devotion NN 30803 507 6 , , , 30803 507 7 astrology astrology NN 30803 507 8 , , , 30803 507 9 law law NN 30803 507 10 , , , 30803 507 11 medicine medicine NN 30803 507 12 , , , 30803 507 13 history history NN 30803 507 14 , , , 30803 507 15 and and CC 30803 507 16 a a DT 30803 507 17 few few JJ 30803 507 18 classics classic NNS 30803 507 19 . . . 30803 508 1 The the DT 30803 508 2 revival revival NN 30803 508 3 of of IN 30803 508 4 learning learn VBG 30803 508 5 in in IN 30803 508 6 the the DT 30803 508 7 14th 14th JJ 30803 508 8 century century NN 30803 508 9 , , , 30803 508 10 as as IN 30803 508 11 might may MD 30803 508 12 be be VB 30803 508 13 expected expect VBN 30803 508 14 , , , 30803 508 15 gave give VBD 30803 508 16 a a DT 30803 508 17 great great JJ 30803 508 18 stimulus stimulus NN 30803 508 19 to to IN 30803 508 20 the the DT 30803 508 21 production production NN 30803 508 22 of of IN 30803 508 23 manuscripts manuscript NNS 30803 508 24 and and CC 30803 508 25 at at IN 30803 508 26 the the DT 30803 508 27 time time NN 30803 508 28 of of IN 30803 508 29 the the DT 30803 508 30 invention invention NN 30803 508 31 of of IN 30803 508 32 printing print VBG 30803 508 33 from from IN 30803 508 34 movable movable JJ 30803 508 35 types type NNS 30803 508 36 in in IN 30803 508 37 the the DT 30803 508 38 middle middle NN 30803 508 39 of of IN 30803 508 40 the the DT 30803 508 41 15th 15th JJ 30803 508 42 century century NN 30803 508 43 the the DT 30803 508 44 manufacture manufacture NN 30803 508 45 of of IN 30803 508 46 manuscripts manuscript NNS 30803 508 47 was be VBD 30803 508 48 going go VBG 30803 508 49 on on RP 30803 508 50 rapidly rapidly RB 30803 508 51 and and CC 30803 508 52 there there EX 30803 508 53 were be VBD 30803 508 54 many many JJ 30803 508 55 great great JJ 30803 508 56 libraries library NNS 30803 508 57 in in IN 30803 508 58 existence existence NN 30803 508 59 . . . 30803 509 1 Matthias Matthias NNP 30803 509 2 Corvinus Corvinus NNP 30803 509 3 , , , 30803 509 4 King King NNP 30803 509 5 of of IN 30803 509 6 Hungary Hungary NNP 30803 509 7 in in IN 30803 509 8 the the DT 30803 509 9 15th 15th JJ 30803 509 10 century century NN 30803 509 11 , , , 30803 509 12 had have VBD 30803 509 13 a a DT 30803 509 14 library library NN 30803 509 15 of of IN 30803 509 16 nearly nearly RB 30803 509 17 50,000 50,000 CD 30803 509 18 volumes volume NNS 30803 509 19 . . . 30803 510 1 Duke Duke NNP 30803 510 2 Frederick Frederick NNP 30803 510 3 of of IN 30803 510 4 Urbino Urbino NNP 30803 510 5 in in IN 30803 510 6 Italy Italy NNP 30803 510 7 had have VBD 30803 510 8 one one CD 30803 510 9 nearly nearly RB 30803 510 10 as as RB 30803 510 11 large large JJ 30803 510 12 . . . 30803 511 1 Duke Duke NNP 30803 511 2 Frederick Frederick NNP 30803 511 3 had have VBD 30803 511 4 thirty thirty CD 30803 511 5 - - HYPH 30803 511 6 four four CD 30803 511 7 copyists copyist NNS 30803 511 8 regularly regularly RB 30803 511 9 employed employ VBN 30803 511 10 in in IN 30803 511 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 511 12 library library NN 30803 511 13 . . . 30803 512 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 512 2 is be VBZ 30803 512 3 interesting interesting JJ 30803 512 4 to to TO 30803 512 5 note note VB 30803 512 6 that that IN 30803 512 7 this this DT 30803 512 8 library library NN 30803 512 9 contained contain VBD 30803 512 10 perfect perfect JJ 30803 512 11 copies copy NNS 30803 512 12 of of IN 30803 512 13 practically practically RB 30803 512 14 every every DT 30803 512 15 book book NN 30803 512 16 known know VBN 30803 512 17 to to TO 30803 512 18 be be VB 30803 512 19 in in IN 30803 512 20 existence existence NN 30803 512 21 at at IN 30803 512 22 that that DT 30803 512 23 time time NN 30803 512 24 . . . 30803 513 1 This this DT 30803 513 2 fact fact NN 30803 513 3 throws throw VBZ 30803 513 4 an an DT 30803 513 5 interesting interesting JJ 30803 513 6 light light NN 30803 513 7 on on IN 30803 513 8 the the DT 30803 513 9 extent extent NN 30803 513 10 of of IN 30803 513 11 the the DT 30803 513 12 world world NN 30803 513 13 's 's POS 30803 513 14 literature literature NN 30803 513 15 so so RB 30803 513 16 recently recently RB 30803 513 17 as as IN 30803 513 18 500 500 CD 30803 513 19 years year NNS 30803 513 20 ago ago RB 30803 513 21 . . . 30803 514 1 Among among IN 30803 514 2 the the DT 30803 514 3 earliest early JJS 30803 514 4 of of IN 30803 514 5 the the DT 30803 514 6 libraries library NNS 30803 514 7 formed form VBN 30803 514 8 outside outside RB 30803 514 9 of of IN 30803 514 10 monasteries monastery NNS 30803 514 11 were be VBD 30803 514 12 those those DT 30803 514 13 collected collect VBN 30803 514 14 by by IN 30803 514 15 the the DT 30803 514 16 Arabs Arabs NNPS 30803 514 17 of of IN 30803 514 18 North North NNP 30803 514 19 Africa Africa NNP 30803 514 20 and and CC 30803 514 21 Spain Spain NNP 30803 514 22 . . . 30803 515 1 Although although IN 30803 515 2 some some DT 30803 515 3 of of IN 30803 515 4 the the DT 30803 515 5 early early JJ 30803 515 6 Mohammedan Mohammedan NNP 30803 515 7 conquerors conqueror NNS 30803 515 8 were be VBD 30803 515 9 ignorant ignorant JJ 30803 515 10 and and CC 30803 515 11 bigoted bigoted JJ 30803 515 12 fanatics fanatic NNS 30803 515 13 like like IN 30803 515 14 the the DT 30803 515 15 destroyer destroyer NN 30803 515 16 of of IN 30803 515 17 Alexandria Alexandria NNP 30803 515 18 , , , 30803 515 19 the the DT 30803 515 20 Arabs Arabs NNPS 30803 515 21 , , , 30803 515 22 or or CC 30803 515 23 Saracens Saracens NNP 30803 515 24 as as IN 30803 515 25 they -PRON- PRP 30803 515 26 are be VBP 30803 515 27 sometimes sometimes RB 30803 515 28 called call VBN 30803 515 29 , , , 30803 515 30 as as IN 30803 515 31 a a DT 30803 515 32 whole whole NN 30803 515 33 were be VBD 30803 515 34 a a DT 30803 515 35 highly highly RB 30803 515 36 civilized civilized JJ 30803 515 37 people people NNS 30803 515 38 of of IN 30803 515 39 great great JJ 30803 515 40 culture culture NN 30803 515 41 in in IN 30803 515 42 art art NN 30803 515 43 , , , 30803 515 44 science science NN 30803 515 45 , , , 30803 515 46 and and CC 30803 515 47 literature literature NN 30803 515 48 . . . 30803 516 1 They -PRON- PRP 30803 516 2 were be VBD 30803 516 3 far far RB 30803 516 4 in in IN 30803 516 5 advance advance NN 30803 516 6 of of IN 30803 516 7 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 516 8 Christian christian JJ 30803 516 9 neighbors neighbor NNS 30803 516 10 and and CC 30803 516 11 continued continue VBD 30803 516 12 to to TO 30803 516 13 be be VB 30803 516 14 so so RB 30803 516 15 until until IN 30803 516 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 516 17 final final JJ 30803 516 18 overthrow overthrow NN 30803 516 19 in in IN 30803 516 20 Spain Spain NNP 30803 516 21 by by IN 30803 516 22 Ferdinand Ferdinand NNP 30803 516 23 and and CC 30803 516 24 Isabella Isabella NNP 30803 516 25 about about IN 30803 516 26 the the DT 30803 516 27 time time NN 30803 516 28 of of IN 30803 516 29 the the DT 30803 516 30 discovery discovery NN 30803 516 31 of of IN 30803 516 32 America America NNP 30803 516 33 . . . 30803 517 1 The the DT 30803 517 2 growth growth NN 30803 517 3 of of IN 30803 517 4 the the DT 30803 517 5 universities university NNS 30803 517 6 from from IN 30803 517 7 the the DT 30803 517 8 12th 12th JJ 30803 517 9 century century NN 30803 517 10 onward onward RB 30803 517 11 played play VBD 30803 517 12 a a DT 30803 517 13 great great JJ 30803 517 14 part part NN 30803 517 15 in in IN 30803 517 16 the the DT 30803 517 17 multiplication multiplication NN 30803 517 18 of of IN 30803 517 19 books book NNS 30803 517 20 and and CC 30803 517 21 the the DT 30803 517 22 growth growth NN 30803 517 23 of of IN 30803 517 24 libraries library NNS 30803 517 25 . . . 30803 518 1 Then then RB 30803 518 2 , , , 30803 518 3 as as IN 30803 518 4 now now RB 30803 518 5 , , , 30803 518 6 the the DT 30803 518 7 library library NN 30803 518 8 was be VBD 30803 518 9 the the DT 30803 518 10 heart heart NN 30803 518 11 of of IN 30803 518 12 the the DT 30803 518 13 university university NN 30803 518 14 . . . 30803 519 1 Even even RB 30803 519 2 more more JJR 30803 519 3 than than IN 30803 519 4 now now RB 30803 519 5 the the DT 30803 519 6 students student NNS 30803 519 7 depended depend VBD 30803 519 8 on on IN 30803 519 9 its -PRON- PRP$ 30803 519 10 contents content NNS 30803 519 11 . . . 30803 520 1 Obviously obviously RB 30803 520 2 only only RB 30803 520 3 the the DT 30803 520 4 richest rich JJS 30803 520 5 students student NNS 30803 520 6 could could MD 30803 520 7 buy buy VB 30803 520 8 any any DT 30803 520 9 great great JJ 30803 520 10 number number NN 30803 520 11 of of IN 30803 520 12 books book NNS 30803 520 13 , , , 30803 520 14 and and CC 30803 520 15 , , , 30803 520 16 equally equally RB 30803 520 17 obviously obviously RB 30803 520 18 , , , 30803 520 19 every every DT 30803 520 20 student student NN 30803 520 21 needed need VBN 30803 520 22 to to TO 30803 520 23 use use VB 30803 520 24 them -PRON- PRP 30803 520 25 , , , 30803 520 26 bought buy VBD 30803 520 27 what what WP 30803 520 28 he -PRON- PRP 30803 520 29 could could MD 30803 520 30 , , , 30803 520 31 borrowed borrow VBD 30803 520 32 the the DT 30803 520 33 rest rest NN 30803 520 34 , , , 30803 520 35 and and CC 30803 520 36 became become VBD 30803 520 37 a a DT 30803 520 38 book book NN 30803 520 39 collector collector NN 30803 520 40 for for IN 30803 520 41 the the DT 30803 520 42 rest rest NN 30803 520 43 of of IN 30803 520 44 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 520 45 life life NN 30803 520 46 . . . 30803 521 1 The the DT 30803 521 2 university university NN 30803 521 3 libraries library NNS 30803 521 4 grew grow VBD 30803 521 5 by by IN 30803 521 6 purchase purchase NN 30803 521 7 , , , 30803 521 8 by by IN 30803 521 9 copies copy NNS 30803 521 10 made make VBN 30803 521 11 on on IN 30803 521 12 the the DT 30803 521 13 spot spot NN 30803 521 14 , , , 30803 521 15 and and CC 30803 521 16 by by IN 30803 521 17 bequests bequest NNS 30803 521 18 . . . 30803 522 1 Then then RB 30803 522 2 , , , 30803 522 3 as as IN 30803 522 4 now now RB 30803 522 5 , , , 30803 522 6 there there EX 30803 522 7 were be VBD 30803 522 8 in in IN 30803 522 9 every every DT 30803 522 10 university university NN 30803 522 11 a a DT 30803 522 12 good good JJ 30803 522 13 number number NN 30803 522 14 of of IN 30803 522 15 men man NNS 30803 522 16 " " `` 30803 522 17 working work VBG 30803 522 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 522 19 way way NN 30803 522 20 . . . 30803 522 21 " " '' 30803 523 1 The the DT 30803 523 2 copying copying NN 30803 523 3 of of IN 30803 523 4 manuscripts manuscript NNS 30803 523 5 was be VBD 30803 523 6 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 523 7 great great JJ 30803 523 8 resource resource NN 30803 523 9 . . . 30803 524 1 Naturally naturally RB 30803 524 2 all all PDT 30803 524 3 this this DT 30803 524 4 demand demand NN 30803 524 5 caused cause VBD 30803 524 6 the the DT 30803 524 7 production production NN 30803 524 8 of of IN 30803 524 9 many many JJ 30803 524 10 very very RB 30803 524 11 badly badly RB 30803 524 12 executed execute VBN 30803 524 13 manuscripts manuscript NNS 30803 524 14 . . . 30803 525 1 This this DT 30803 525 2 and and CC 30803 525 3 other other JJ 30803 525 4 abuses abuse NNS 30803 525 5 were be VBD 30803 525 6 , , , 30803 525 7 however however RB 30803 525 8 , , , 30803 525 9 controlled control VBN 30803 525 10 to to IN 30803 525 11 a a DT 30803 525 12 great great JJ 30803 525 13 extent extent NN 30803 525 14 by by IN 30803 525 15 the the DT 30803 525 16 university university NN 30803 525 17 authorities authority NNS 30803 525 18 who who WP 30803 525 19 assumed assume VBD 30803 525 20 control control NN 30803 525 21 over over IN 30803 525 22 the the DT 30803 525 23 publication publication NN 30803 525 24 and and CC 30803 525 25 sale sale NN 30803 525 26 of of IN 30803 525 27 books book NNS 30803 525 28 . . . 30803 526 1 Old old JJ 30803 526 2 books book NNS 30803 526 3 , , , 30803 526 4 of of IN 30803 526 5 course course NN 30803 526 6 , , , 30803 526 7 could could MD 30803 526 8 be be VB 30803 526 9 freely freely RB 30803 526 10 sold sell VBN 30803 526 11 , , , 30803 526 12 subject subject JJ 30803 526 13 only only RB 30803 526 14 to to IN 30803 526 15 careful careful JJ 30803 526 16 checking checking NN 30803 526 17 up up RP 30803 526 18 of of IN 30803 526 19 the the DT 30803 526 20 correctness correctness NN 30803 526 21 of of IN 30803 526 22 the the DT 30803 526 23 copy copy NN 30803 526 24 . . . 30803 527 1 New new JJ 30803 527 2 books book NNS 30803 527 3 had have VBD 30803 527 4 to to TO 30803 527 5 be be VB 30803 527 6 read read VBN 30803 527 7 three three CD 30803 527 8 days day NNS 30803 527 9 in in IN 30803 527 10 succession succession NN 30803 527 11 before before IN 30803 527 12 the the DT 30803 527 13 heads head NNS 30803 527 14 of of IN 30803 527 15 the the DT 30803 527 16 university university NN 30803 527 17 or or CC 30803 527 18 other other JJ 30803 527 19 public public JJ 30803 527 20 judges judge NNS 30803 527 21 , , , 30803 527 22 always always RB 30803 527 23 churchmen churchman NNS 30803 527 24 , , , 30803 527 25 and and CC 30803 527 26 had have VBD 30803 527 27 to to TO 30803 527 28 receive receive VB 30803 527 29 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 527 30 sanction sanction NN 30803 527 31 before before IN 30803 527 32 being be VBG 30803 527 33 copied copy VBN 30803 527 34 and and CC 30803 527 35 put put VBN 30803 527 36 on on IN 30803 527 37 sale sale NN 30803 527 38 . . . 30803 528 1 This this DT 30803 528 2 was be VBD 30803 528 3 done do VBN 30803 528 4 by by IN 30803 528 5 the the DT 30803 528 6 stationer stationer NN 30803 528 7 who who WP 30803 528 8 derived derive VBD 30803 528 9 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 528 10 name name NN 30803 528 11 from from IN 30803 528 12 the the DT 30803 528 13 Latin latin JJ 30803 528 14 word word NN 30803 528 15 _ _ NNP 30803 528 16 statio statio NN 30803 528 17 _ _ NNP 30803 528 18 meaning mean VBG 30803 528 19 a a DT 30803 528 20 shop shop NN 30803 528 21 . . . 30803 529 1 The the DT 30803 529 2 stationers stationer NNS 30803 529 3 made make VBD 30803 529 4 , , , 30803 529 5 sold sell VBN 30803 529 6 , , , 30803 529 7 and and CC 30803 529 8 rented rent VBN 30803 529 9 books book NNS 30803 529 10 and and CC 30803 529 11 sold sell VBN 30803 529 12 writing writing NN 30803 529 13 materials material NNS 30803 529 14 and and CC 30803 529 15 the the DT 30803 529 16 like like UH 30803 529 17 very very RB 30803 529 18 much much RB 30803 529 19 as as IN 30803 529 20 at at IN 30803 529 21 present present NN 30803 529 22 . . . 30803 530 1 They -PRON- PRP 30803 530 2 were be VBD 30803 530 3 stringently stringently RB 30803 530 4 regulated regulate VBN 30803 530 5 by by IN 30803 530 6 the the DT 30803 530 7 universities university NNS 30803 530 8 . . . 30803 531 1 They -PRON- PRP 30803 531 2 must must MD 30803 531 3 be be VB 30803 531 4 men man NNS 30803 531 5 of of IN 30803 531 6 learning learning NN 30803 531 7 and and CC 30803 531 8 character character NN 30803 531 9 ; ; : 30803 531 10 must must MD 30803 531 11 bind bind VB 30803 531 12 themselves -PRON- PRP 30803 531 13 to to TO 30803 531 14 obey obey VB 30803 531 15 the the DT 30803 531 16 laws law NNS 30803 531 17 of of IN 30803 531 18 the the DT 30803 531 19 university university NN 30803 531 20 ; ; : 30803 531 21 must must MD 30803 531 22 offer offer VB 30803 531 23 no no DT 30803 531 24 copy copy NN 30803 531 25 for for IN 30803 531 26 sale sale NN 30803 531 27 unless unless IN 30803 531 28 it -PRON- PRP 30803 531 29 was be VBD 30803 531 30 approved approve VBN 30803 531 31 ; ; : 30803 531 32 must must MD 30803 531 33 sell sell VB 30803 531 34 at at IN 30803 531 35 rates rate NNS 30803 531 36 fixed fix VBN 30803 531 37 by by IN 30803 531 38 the the DT 30803 531 39 university university NN 30803 531 40 ; ; : 30803 531 41 must must MD 30803 531 42 purchase purchase VB 30803 531 43 only only JJ 30803 531 44 books book NNS 30803 531 45 sanctioned sanction VBN 30803 531 46 by by IN 30803 531 47 the the DT 30803 531 48 university university NN 30803 531 49 ; ; : 30803 531 50 and and CC 30803 531 51 must must MD 30803 531 52 loan loan VB 30803 531 53 books book NNS 30803 531 54 to to IN 30803 531 55 those those DT 30803 531 56 too too RB 30803 531 57 poor poor JJ 30803 531 58 to to TO 30803 531 59 buy buy VB 30803 531 60 them -PRON- PRP 30803 531 61 at at IN 30803 531 62 rates rate NNS 30803 531 63 fixed fix VBN 30803 531 64 by by IN 30803 531 65 the the DT 30803 531 66 university university NN 30803 531 67 . . . 30803 532 1 This this DT 30803 532 2 careful careful JJ 30803 532 3 regulation regulation NN 30803 532 4 of of IN 30803 532 5 the the DT 30803 532 6 book book NN 30803 532 7 trade trade NN 30803 532 8 of of IN 30803 532 9 the the DT 30803 532 10 university university NN 30803 532 11 towns town NNS 30803 532 12 was be VBD 30803 532 13 originally originally RB 30803 532 14 intended intend VBN 30803 532 15 for for IN 30803 532 16 the the DT 30803 532 17 best good JJS 30803 532 18 of of IN 30803 532 19 purposes purpose NNS 30803 532 20 and and CC 30803 532 21 was be VBD 30803 532 22 productive productive JJ 30803 532 23 of of IN 30803 532 24 much much JJ 30803 532 25 good good NN 30803 532 26 . . . 30803 533 1 Unfortunately unfortunately RB 30803 533 2 it -PRON- PRP 30803 533 3 also also RB 30803 533 4 opened open VBD 30803 533 5 the the DT 30803 533 6 door door NN 30803 533 7 to to IN 30803 533 8 much much JJ 30803 533 9 evil evil NN 30803 533 10 . . . 30803 534 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 534 2 established establish VBD 30803 534 3 the the DT 30803 534 4 principle principle NN 30803 534 5 of of IN 30803 534 6 control control NN 30803 534 7 of of IN 30803 534 8 the the DT 30803 534 9 press press NN 30803 534 10 , , , 30803 534 11 a a DT 30803 534 12 principle principle NN 30803 534 13 always always RB 30803 534 14 destructive destructive JJ 30803 534 15 of of IN 30803 534 16 liberty liberty NN 30803 534 17 and and CC 30803 534 18 progress progress NN 30803 534 19 . . . 30803 535 1 By by IN 30803 535 2 long long JJ 30803 535 3 use use NN 30803 535 4 this this DT 30803 535 5 control control NN 30803 535 6 came come VBD 30803 535 7 to to TO 30803 535 8 appear appear VB 30803 535 9 quite quite PDT 30803 535 10 the the DT 30803 535 11 right right JJ 30803 535 12 and and CC 30803 535 13 normal normal JJ 30803 535 14 thing thing NN 30803 535 15 . . . 30803 536 1 Used use VBN 30803 536 2 at at IN 30803 536 3 first first RB 30803 536 4 to to TO 30803 536 5 secure secure VB 30803 536 6 the the DT 30803 536 7 interests interest NNS 30803 536 8 of of IN 30803 536 9 learning learning NN 30803 536 10 and and CC 30803 536 11 the the DT 30803 536 12 protection protection NN 30803 536 13 of of IN 30803 536 14 scholars scholar NNS 30803 536 15 , , , 30803 536 16 it -PRON- PRP 30803 536 17 became become VBD 30803 536 18 at at IN 30803 536 19 length length NN 30803 536 20 the the DT 30803 536 21 powerful powerful JJ 30803 536 22 weapon weapon NN 30803 536 23 of of IN 30803 536 24 party party NN 30803 536 25 in in IN 30803 536 26 Church Church NNP 30803 536 27 and and CC 30803 536 28 State State NNP 30803 536 29 . . . 30803 537 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 537 2 was be VBD 30803 537 3 used use VBN 30803 537 4 alternately alternately RB 30803 537 5 to to TO 30803 537 6 silence silence VB 30803 537 7 Protestant Protestant NNP 30803 537 8 , , , 30803 537 9 Catholic Catholic NNP 30803 537 10 and and CC 30803 537 11 Dissenter Dissenter NNP 30803 537 12 , , , 30803 537 13 and and CC 30803 537 14 to to TO 30803 537 15 muzzle muzzle VB 30803 537 16 all all DT 30803 537 17 discussion discussion NN 30803 537 18 of of IN 30803 537 19 social social JJ 30803 537 20 and and CC 30803 537 21 political political JJ 30803 537 22 questions question NNS 30803 537 23 . . . 30803 538 1 Control control NN 30803 538 2 of of IN 30803 538 3 the the DT 30803 538 4 printing print VBG 30803 538 5 press press NN 30803 538 6 became become VBD 30803 538 7 at at IN 30803 538 8 last last RB 30803 538 9 the the DT 30803 538 10 greatest great JJS 30803 538 11 enemy enemy NN 30803 538 12 of of IN 30803 538 13 civilization civilization NN 30803 538 14 , , , 30803 538 15 freedom freedom NN 30803 538 16 , , , 30803 538 17 and and CC 30803 538 18 enlightenment enlightenment NN 30803 538 19 alike alike RB 30803 538 20 in in IN 30803 538 21 the the DT 30803 538 22 old old JJ 30803 538 23 world world NN 30803 538 24 and and CC 30803 538 25 in in IN 30803 538 26 the the DT 30803 538 27 new new JJ 30803 538 28 and and CC 30803 538 29 it -PRON- PRP 30803 538 30 remained remain VBD 30803 538 31 until until IN 30803 538 32 largely largely RB 30803 538 33 swept sweep VBN 30803 538 34 away away RB 30803 538 35 by by IN 30803 538 36 the the DT 30803 538 37 movement movement NN 30803 538 38 which which WDT 30803 538 39 culminated culminate VBD 30803 538 40 in in IN 30803 538 41 the the DT 30803 538 42 French French NNP 30803 538 43 Revolution Revolution NNP 30803 538 44 of of IN 30803 538 45 1793 1793 CD 30803 538 46 . . . 30803 539 1 Some some DT 30803 539 2 of of IN 30803 539 3 the the DT 30803 539 4 university university NN 30803 539 5 libraries library NNS 30803 539 6 early early RB 30803 539 7 grew grow VBD 30803 539 8 to to IN 30803 539 9 generous generous JJ 30803 539 10 size size NN 30803 539 11 . . . 30803 540 1 That that DT 30803 540 2 of of IN 30803 540 3 the the DT 30803 540 4 Sorbonne Sorbonne NNP 30803 540 5 , , , 30803 540 6 for for IN 30803 540 7 example example NN 30803 540 8 , , , 30803 540 9 numbered number VBD 30803 540 10 1720 1720 CD 30803 540 11 volumes volume NNS 30803 540 12 in in IN 30803 540 13 1338 1338 CD 30803 540 14 . . . 30803 541 1 This this DT 30803 541 2 particular particular JJ 30803 541 3 library library NN 30803 541 4 consisted consist VBD 30803 541 5 very very RB 30803 541 6 largely largely RB 30803 541 7 of of IN 30803 541 8 religious religious JJ 30803 541 9 literature literature NN 30803 541 10 , , , 30803 541 11 as as IN 30803 541 12 the the DT 30803 541 13 main main JJ 30803 541 14 interest interest NN 30803 541 15 of of IN 30803 541 16 the the DT 30803 541 17 Sorbonne Sorbonne NNP 30803 541 18 of of IN 30803 541 19 that that DT 30803 541 20 day day NN 30803 541 21 was be VBD 30803 541 22 theological theological JJ 30803 541 23 . . . 30803 542 1 Other other JJ 30803 542 2 university university NN 30803 542 3 libraries library NNS 30803 542 4 were be VBD 30803 542 5 of of IN 30803 542 6 wider wide JJR 30803 542 7 range range NN 30803 542 8 . . . 30803 543 1 Many many JJ 30803 543 2 of of IN 30803 543 3 the the DT 30803 543 4 old old JJ 30803 543 5 university university NN 30803 543 6 libraries library NNS 30803 543 7 are be VBP 30803 543 8 yet yet RB 30803 543 9 in in IN 30803 543 10 existence existence NN 30803 543 11 . . . 30803 544 1 CHAPTER CHAPTER NNP 30803 544 2 VI VI NNP 30803 544 3 _ _ NNP 30803 544 4 The the DT 30803 544 5 Dawn Dawn NNP 30803 544 6 of of IN 30803 544 7 a a DT 30803 544 8 New New NNP 30803 544 9 Era Era NNP 30803 544 10 _ _ IN 30803 544 11 Methods Methods NNPS 30803 544 12 of of IN 30803 544 13 inscribing inscribe VBG 30803 544 14 words word NNS 30803 544 15 or or CC 30803 544 16 characters character NNS 30803 544 17 upon upon IN 30803 544 18 vellum vellum NN 30803 544 19 or or CC 30803 544 20 other other JJ 30803 544 21 writing writing NN 30803 544 22 material material NN 30803 544 23 other other JJ 30803 544 24 than than IN 30803 544 25 by by IN 30803 544 26 the the DT 30803 544 27 toilsome toilsome NN 30803 544 28 process process NN 30803 544 29 of of IN 30803 544 30 handwriting handwriting NN 30803 544 31 had have VBD 30803 544 32 long long RB 30803 544 33 been be VBN 30803 544 34 in in IN 30803 544 35 existence existence NN 30803 544 36 . . . 30803 545 1 Among among IN 30803 545 2 the the DT 30803 545 3 oldest old JJS 30803 545 4 of of IN 30803 545 5 human human JJ 30803 545 6 remains remain NNS 30803 545 7 are be VBP 30803 545 8 stamps stamp NNS 30803 545 9 and and CC 30803 545 10 seals seal NNS 30803 545 11 for for IN 30803 545 12 the the DT 30803 545 13 impression impression NN 30803 545 14 of of IN 30803 545 15 symbols symbol NNS 30803 545 16 , , , 30803 545 17 words word NNS 30803 545 18 , , , 30803 545 19 or or CC 30803 545 20 signatures signature NNS 30803 545 21 upon upon IN 30803 545 22 plastic plastic JJ 30803 545 23 substances substance NNS 30803 545 24 , , , 30803 545 25 as as IN 30803 545 26 the the DT 30803 545 27 impression impression NN 30803 545 28 of of IN 30803 545 29 a a DT 30803 545 30 signet signet NN 30803 545 31 or or CC 30803 545 32 seal seal NN 30803 545 33 is be VBZ 30803 545 34 now now RB 30803 545 35 made make VBN 30803 545 36 on on IN 30803 545 37 sealing seal VBG 30803 545 38 wax wax NN 30803 545 39 softened soften VBN 30803 545 40 by by IN 30803 545 41 heat heat NN 30803 545 42 . . . 30803 546 1 Originally originally RB 30803 546 2 these these DT 30803 546 3 seals seal NNS 30803 546 4 were be VBD 30803 546 5 incised incise VBN 30803 546 6 so so IN 30803 546 7 that that IN 30803 546 8 the the DT 30803 546 9 impression impression NN 30803 546 10 was be VBD 30803 546 11 left leave VBN 30803 546 12 in in IN 30803 546 13 raised raise VBN 30803 546 14 characters character NNS 30803 546 15 on on IN 30803 546 16 the the DT 30803 546 17 receiving receive VBG 30803 546 18 substance substance NN 30803 546 19 , , , 30803 546 20 as as IN 30803 546 21 is be VBZ 30803 546 22 now now RB 30803 546 23 usually usually RB 30803 546 24 the the DT 30803 546 25 case case NN 30803 546 26 with with IN 30803 546 27 seals seal NNS 30803 546 28 and and CC 30803 546 29 signets signet NNS 30803 546 30 . . . 30803 547 1 Later later RB 30803 547 2 the the DT 30803 547 3 designs design NNS 30803 547 4 were be VBD 30803 547 5 sometimes sometimes RB 30803 547 6 cut cut VBN 30803 547 7 in in IN 30803 547 8 relief relief NN 30803 547 9 so so IN 30803 547 10 that that IN 30803 547 11 the the DT 30803 547 12 figure figure NN 30803 547 13 resulting result VBG 30803 547 14 from from IN 30803 547 15 the the DT 30803 547 16 impression impression NN 30803 547 17 was be VBD 30803 547 18 not not RB 30803 547 19 raised raise VBN 30803 547 20 in in IN 30803 547 21 the the DT 30803 547 22 substance substance NN 30803 547 23 but but CC 30803 547 24 pressed press VBD 30803 547 25 into into IN 30803 547 26 it -PRON- PRP 30803 547 27 . . . 30803 548 1 From from IN 30803 548 2 this this DT 30803 548 3 it -PRON- PRP 30803 548 4 was be VBD 30803 548 5 but but CC 30803 548 6 a a DT 30803 548 7 step step NN 30803 548 8 to to TO 30803 548 9 put put VB 30803 548 10 some some DT 30803 548 11 coloring color VBG 30803 548 12 substance substance NN 30803 548 13 on on IN 30803 548 14 the the DT 30803 548 15 raised raise VBN 30803 548 16 part part NN 30803 548 17 of of IN 30803 548 18 the the DT 30803 548 19 seal seal NN 30803 548 20 or or CC 30803 548 21 die die VB 30803 548 22 and and CC 30803 548 23 so so RB 30803 548 24 print print VB 30803 548 25 it -PRON- PRP 30803 548 26 on on IN 30803 548 27 an an DT 30803 548 28 unyielding unyielding JJ 30803 548 29 surface surface NN 30803 548 30 such such JJ 30803 548 31 as as IN 30803 548 32 vellum vellum NN 30803 548 33 or or CC 30803 548 34 papyrus papyru NNS 30803 548 35 , , , 30803 548 36 as as IN 30803 548 37 hand hand NN 30803 548 38 stamps stamp NNS 30803 548 39 are be VBP 30803 548 40 now now RB 30803 548 41 used use VBN 30803 548 42 for for IN 30803 548 43 a a DT 30803 548 44 great great JJ 30803 548 45 variety variety NN 30803 548 46 of of IN 30803 548 47 purposes purpose NNS 30803 548 48 . . . 30803 549 1 Documents document NNS 30803 549 2 were be VBD 30803 549 3 signed sign VBN 30803 549 4 in in IN 30803 549 5 this this DT 30803 549 6 way way NN 30803 549 7 by by IN 30803 549 8 persons person NNS 30803 549 9 who who WP 30803 549 10 were be VBD 30803 549 11 either either RB 30803 549 12 too too RB 30803 549 13 illiterate illiterate JJ 30803 549 14 to to TO 30803 549 15 write write VB 30803 549 16 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 549 17 names name NNS 30803 549 18 or or CC 30803 549 19 too too RB 30803 549 20 occupied occupy VBN 30803 549 21 with with IN 30803 549 22 business business NN 30803 549 23 to to TO 30803 549 24 take take VB 30803 549 25 the the DT 30803 549 26 time time NN 30803 549 27 to to TO 30803 549 28 sign sign VB 30803 549 29 the the DT 30803 549 30 great great JJ 30803 549 31 numbers number NNS 30803 549 32 of of IN 30803 549 33 documents document NNS 30803 549 34 which which WDT 30803 549 35 were be VBD 30803 549 36 brought bring VBN 30803 549 37 before before IN 30803 549 38 them -PRON- PRP 30803 549 39 . . . 30803 550 1 The the DT 30803 550 2 peculiar peculiar JJ 30803 550 3 characteristics characteristic NNS 30803 550 4 of of IN 30803 550 5 the the DT 30803 550 6 Chinese chinese JJ 30803 550 7 alphabet alphabet NN 30803 550 8 early early RB 30803 550 9 prompted prompt VBD 30803 550 10 this this DT 30803 550 11 inventive inventive JJ 30803 550 12 people people NNS 30803 550 13 to to IN 30803 550 14 the the DT 30803 550 15 use use NN 30803 550 16 of of IN 30803 550 17 these these DT 30803 550 18 types type NNS 30803 550 19 , , , 30803 550 20 for for IN 30803 550 21 such such PDT 30803 550 22 these these DT 30803 550 23 devices device NNS 30803 550 24 were be VBD 30803 550 25 . . . 30803 551 1 The the DT 30803 551 2 Chinese Chinese NNPS 30803 551 3 are be VBP 30803 551 4 said say VBN 30803 551 5 to to TO 30803 551 6 have have VB 30803 551 7 used use VBN 30803 551 8 movable movable JJ 30803 551 9 types type NNS 30803 551 10 made make VBN 30803 551 11 of of IN 30803 551 12 porcelain porcelain NN 30803 551 13 at at IN 30803 551 14 a a DT 30803 551 15 very very RB 30803 551 16 early early JJ 30803 551 17 period period NN 30803 551 18 . . . 30803 552 1 The the DT 30803 552 2 use use NN 30803 552 3 of of IN 30803 552 4 the the DT 30803 552 5 seal seal NN 30803 552 6 or or CC 30803 552 7 the the DT 30803 552 8 stamp stamp NN 30803 552 9 bearing bear VBG 30803 552 10 a a DT 30803 552 11 single single JJ 30803 552 12 letter letter NN 30803 552 13 naturally naturally RB 30803 552 14 led lead VBD 30803 552 15 to to IN 30803 552 16 its -PRON- PRP$ 30803 552 17 enlargement enlargement NN 30803 552 18 and and CC 30803 552 19 to to IN 30803 552 20 the the DT 30803 552 21 inclusion inclusion NN 30803 552 22 of of IN 30803 552 23 more more JJR 30803 552 24 than than IN 30803 552 25 one one CD 30803 552 26 letter letter NN 30803 552 27 on on IN 30803 552 28 the the DT 30803 552 29 same same JJ 30803 552 30 stamp stamp NN 30803 552 31 . . . 30803 553 1 As as RB 30803 553 2 early early RB 30803 553 3 as as IN 30803 553 4 the the DT 30803 553 5 6th 6th JJ 30803 553 6 century century NN 30803 553 7 the the DT 30803 553 8 Chinese Chinese NNPS 30803 553 9 were be VBD 30803 553 10 printing print VBG 30803 553 11 books book NNS 30803 553 12 from from IN 30803 553 13 wooden wooden JJ 30803 553 14 plates plate NNS 30803 553 15 on on IN 30803 553 16 which which WDT 30803 553 17 were be VBD 30803 553 18 cut cut VBN 30803 553 19 in in IN 30803 553 20 relief relief NN 30803 553 21 all all PDT 30803 553 22 the the DT 30803 553 23 characters character NNS 30803 553 24 which which WDT 30803 553 25 were be VBD 30803 553 26 to to TO 30803 553 27 appear appear VB 30803 553 28 upon upon IN 30803 553 29 a a DT 30803 553 30 single single JJ 30803 553 31 leaf leaf NN 30803 553 32 . . . 30803 554 1 This this DT 30803 554 2 was be VBD 30803 554 3 nothing nothing NN 30803 554 4 more more JJR 30803 554 5 or or CC 30803 554 6 less less JJR 30803 554 7 than than IN 30803 554 8 our -PRON- PRP$ 30803 554 9 modern modern JJ 30803 554 10 stereotype stereotype NN 30803 554 11 plate plate NN 30803 554 12 , , , 30803 554 13 excepting except VBG 30803 554 14 that that IN 30803 554 15 it -PRON- PRP 30803 554 16 was be VBD 30803 554 17 carved carve VBN 30803 554 18 by by IN 30803 554 19 hand hand NN 30803 554 20 on on IN 30803 554 21 wood wood NN 30803 554 22 instead instead RB 30803 554 23 of of IN 30803 554 24 being be VBG 30803 554 25 made make VBN 30803 554 26 of of IN 30803 554 27 metal metal NN 30803 554 28 by by IN 30803 554 29 a a DT 30803 554 30 mechanical mechanical JJ 30803 554 31 process process NN 30803 554 32 . . . 30803 555 1 There there EX 30803 555 2 is be VBZ 30803 555 3 , , , 30803 555 4 however however RB 30803 555 5 , , , 30803 555 6 no no DT 30803 555 7 evidence evidence NN 30803 555 8 whatever whatever WDT 30803 555 9 connecting connect VBG 30803 555 10 these these DT 30803 555 11 Chinese chinese JJ 30803 555 12 essays essay NNS 30803 555 13 at at IN 30803 555 14 printing printing NN 30803 555 15 , , , 30803 555 16 whether whether IN 30803 555 17 from from IN 30803 555 18 blocks block NNS 30803 555 19 or or CC 30803 555 20 types type NNS 30803 555 21 , , , 30803 555 22 with with IN 30803 555 23 European european JJ 30803 555 24 printing printing NN 30803 555 25 . . . 30803 556 1 This this DT 30803 556 2 last last JJ 30803 556 3 appears appear VBZ 30803 556 4 to to TO 30803 556 5 have have VB 30803 556 6 had have VBN 30803 556 7 an an DT 30803 556 8 entirely entirely RB 30803 556 9 independent independent JJ 30803 556 10 origin origin NN 30803 556 11 and and CC 30803 556 12 development development NN 30803 556 13 . . . 30803 557 1 In in IN 30803 557 2 Europe Europe NNP 30803 557 3 , , , 30803 557 4 as as IN 30803 557 5 has have VBZ 30803 557 6 already already RB 30803 557 7 been be VBN 30803 557 8 noted note VBN 30803 557 9 , , , 30803 557 10 stamps stamp NNS 30803 557 11 were be VBD 30803 557 12 used use VBN 30803 557 13 for for IN 30803 557 14 signatures signature NNS 30803 557 15 and and CC 30803 557 16 other other JJ 30803 557 17 purposes purpose NNS 30803 557 18 . . . 30803 558 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 558 2 has have VBZ 30803 558 3 been be VBN 30803 558 4 observed observe VBN 30803 558 5 that that IN 30803 558 6 certain certain JJ 30803 558 7 manuscripts manuscript NNS 30803 558 8 of of IN 30803 558 9 the the DT 30803 558 10 12th 12th JJ 30803 558 11 century century NN 30803 558 12 show show NN 30803 558 13 initials initial NNS 30803 558 14 so so RB 30803 558 15 uniform uniform JJ 30803 558 16 as as IN 30803 558 17 to to TO 30803 558 18 appear appear VB 30803 558 19 to to TO 30803 558 20 be be VB 30803 558 21 stamp stamp NN 30803 558 22 or or CC 30803 558 23 die die VB 30803 558 24 impressions impression NNS 30803 558 25 . . . 30803 559 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 559 2 can can MD 30803 559 3 hardly hardly RB 30803 559 4 be be VB 30803 559 5 regarded regard VBN 30803 559 6 as as IN 30803 559 7 clearly clearly RB 30803 559 8 established establish VBN 30803 559 9 , , , 30803 559 10 however however RB 30803 559 11 , , , 30803 559 12 that that IN 30803 559 13 this this DT 30803 559 14 is be VBZ 30803 559 15 the the DT 30803 559 16 case case NN 30803 559 17 . . . 30803 560 1 As as RB 30803 560 2 early early RB 30803 560 3 as as IN 30803 560 4 the the DT 30803 560 5 first first JJ 30803 560 6 half half NN 30803 560 7 of of IN 30803 560 8 the the DT 30803 560 9 15th 15th JJ 30803 560 10 century century NN 30803 560 11 bookbinders bookbinder NNS 30803 560 12 used use VBD 30803 560 13 dies die VBZ 30803 560 14 both both DT 30803 560 15 in in IN 30803 560 16 relief relief NN 30803 560 17 and and CC 30803 560 18 in in IN 30803 560 19 intaglio intaglio NN 30803 560 20 , , , 30803 560 21 that that WDT 30803 560 22 is be VBZ 30803 560 23 having have VBG 30803 560 24 the the DT 30803 560 25 design design NN 30803 560 26 cut cut VBN 30803 560 27 into into IN 30803 560 28 the the DT 30803 560 29 surface surface NN 30803 560 30 of of IN 30803 560 31 the the DT 30803 560 32 die die NN 30803 560 33 . . . 30803 561 1 None none NN 30803 561 2 of of IN 30803 561 3 these these DT 30803 561 4 devices device NNS 30803 561 5 , , , 30803 561 6 however however RB 30803 561 7 , , , 30803 561 8 appears appear VBZ 30803 561 9 to to TO 30803 561 10 have have VB 30803 561 11 been be VBN 30803 561 12 used use VBN 30803 561 13 for for IN 30803 561 14 the the DT 30803 561 15 purpose purpose NN 30803 561 16 of of IN 30803 561 17 multiplying multiply VBG 30803 561 18 impressions impression NNS 30803 561 19 as as IN 30803 561 20 is be VBZ 30803 561 21 now now RB 30803 561 22 done do VBN 30803 561 23 with with IN 30803 561 24 the the DT 30803 561 25 printing print VBG 30803 561 26 press press NN 30803 561 27 . . . 30803 562 1 At at IN 30803 562 2 a a DT 30803 562 3 comparatively comparatively RB 30803 562 4 early early JJ 30803 562 5 period period NN 30803 562 6 , , , 30803 562 7 probably probably RB 30803 562 8 as as RB 30803 562 9 early early RB 30803 562 10 as as IN 30803 562 11 the the DT 30803 562 12 first first JJ 30803 562 13 part part NN 30803 562 14 of of IN 30803 562 15 the the DT 30803 562 16 12th 12th JJ 30803 562 17 century century NN 30803 562 18 , , , 30803 562 19 there there EX 30803 562 20 came come VBD 30803 562 21 a a DT 30803 562 22 call call NN 30803 562 23 for for IN 30803 562 24 the the DT 30803 562 25 dissemination dissemination NN 30803 562 26 of of IN 30803 562 27 knowledge knowledge NN 30803 562 28 in in IN 30803 562 29 somewhat somewhat RB 30803 562 30 rudimentary rudimentary JJ 30803 562 31 form form NN 30803 562 32 among among IN 30803 562 33 the the DT 30803 562 34 common common JJ 30803 562 35 people people NNS 30803 562 36 . . . 30803 563 1 At at IN 30803 563 2 an an DT 30803 563 3 earlier early JJR 30803 563 4 period period NN 30803 563 5 still still RB 30803 563 6 this this DT 30803 563 7 desire desire NN 30803 563 8 had have VBD 30803 563 9 expressed express VBN 30803 563 10 itself -PRON- PRP 30803 563 11 in in IN 30803 563 12 the the DT 30803 563 13 elaborate elaborate JJ 30803 563 14 sculpture sculpture NN 30803 563 15 and and CC 30803 563 16 stained stained JJ 30803 563 17 glass glass NN 30803 563 18 with with IN 30803 563 19 which which WDT 30803 563 20 the the DT 30803 563 21 churches church NNS 30803 563 22 were be VBD 30803 563 23 decorated decorate VBN 30803 563 24 . . . 30803 564 1 The the DT 30803 564 2 church church NN 30803 564 3 itself -PRON- PRP 30803 564 4 was be VBD 30803 564 5 the the DT 30803 564 6 poor poor JJ 30803 564 7 man man NN 30803 564 8 's 's POS 30803 564 9 Bible Bible NNP 30803 564 10 and and CC 30803 564 11 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 564 12 library library NN 30803 564 13 the the DT 30803 564 14 lives life NNS 30803 564 15 of of IN 30803 564 16 saints saint NNS 30803 564 17 and and CC 30803 564 18 martyrs martyr NNS 30803 564 19 . . . 30803 565 1 The the DT 30803 565 2 story story NN 30803 565 3 was be VBD 30803 565 4 told tell VBN 30803 565 5 to to IN 30803 565 6 him -PRON- PRP 30803 565 7 by by IN 30803 565 8 the the DT 30803 565 9 priest priest NN 30803 565 10 . . . 30803 566 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 566 2 was be VBD 30803 566 3 visualized visualize VBN 30803 566 4 by by IN 30803 566 5 the the DT 30803 566 6 artist artist NN 30803 566 7 . . . 30803 567 1 Conventional conventional JJ 30803 567 2 types type NNS 30803 567 3 or or CC 30803 567 4 attributes attribute NNS 30803 567 5 of of IN 30803 567 6 biblical biblical JJ 30803 567 7 and and CC 30803 567 8 other other JJ 30803 567 9 personages personage NNS 30803 567 10 were be VBD 30803 567 11 adopted adopt VBN 30803 567 12 so so IN 30803 567 13 that that IN 30803 567 14 the the DT 30803 567 15 peasant peasant NN 30803 567 16 or or CC 30803 567 17 the the DT 30803 567 18 artisan artisan NNP 30803 567 19 could could MD 30803 567 20 recognize recognize VB 30803 567 21 anywhere anywhere RB 30803 567 22 the the DT 30803 567 23 figure figure NN 30803 567 24 of of IN 30803 567 25 Christ Christ NNP 30803 567 26 , , , 30803 567 27 of of IN 30803 567 28 one one CD 30803 567 29 of of IN 30803 567 30 the the DT 30803 567 31 evangelists evangelist NNS 30803 567 32 , , , 30803 567 33 of of IN 30803 567 34 Moses Moses NNP 30803 567 35 , , , 30803 567 36 or or CC 30803 567 37 of of IN 30803 567 38 the the DT 30803 567 39 patron patron NN 30803 567 40 saint saint NN 30803 567 41 of of IN 30803 567 42 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 567 43 church church NN 30803 567 44 or or CC 30803 567 45 city city NN 30803 567 46 . . . 30803 568 1 The the DT 30803 568 2 clergy clergy NN 30803 568 3 and and CC 30803 568 4 the the DT 30803 568 5 lettered letter VBN 30803 568 6 classes class NNS 30803 568 7 had have VBD 30803 568 8 long long RB 30803 568 9 been be VBN 30803 568 10 accustomed accustomed JJ 30803 568 11 to to IN 30803 568 12 the the DT 30803 568 13 pictures picture NNS 30803 568 14 which which WDT 30803 568 15 not not RB 30803 568 16 only only RB 30803 568 17 decorated decorate VBN 30803 568 18 but but CC 30803 568 19 interpreted interpret VBD 30803 568 20 the the DT 30803 568 21 pages page NNS 30803 568 22 of of IN 30803 568 23 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 568 24 books book NNS 30803 568 25 . . . 30803 569 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 569 2 was be VBD 30803 569 3 only only RB 30803 569 4 natural natural JJ 30803 569 5 that that IN 30803 569 6 there there EX 30803 569 7 should should MD 30803 569 8 be be VB 30803 569 9 a a DT 30803 569 10 desire desire NN 30803 569 11 to to TO 30803 569 12 have have VB 30803 569 13 at at IN 30803 569 14 least least JJS 30803 569 15 these these DT 30803 569 16 pictures picture NNS 30803 569 17 in in IN 30803 569 18 the the DT 30803 569 19 hands hand NNS 30803 569 20 of of IN 30803 569 21 the the DT 30803 569 22 people people NNS 30803 569 23 so so IN 30803 569 24 as as IN 30803 569 25 to to TO 30803 569 26 reinforce reinforce VB 30803 569 27 in in IN 30803 569 28 the the DT 30803 569 29 home home NN 30803 569 30 the the DT 30803 569 31 teachings teaching NNS 30803 569 32 of of IN 30803 569 33 the the DT 30803 569 34 church church NN 30803 569 35 . . . 30803 570 1 The the DT 30803 570 2 multiplication multiplication NN 30803 570 3 of of IN 30803 570 4 these these DT 30803 570 5 pictures picture NNS 30803 570 6 , , , 30803 570 7 so so RB 30803 570 8 costly costly JJ 30803 570 9 and and CC 30803 570 10 so so RB 30803 570 11 tedious tedious JJ 30803 570 12 in in IN 30803 570 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 570 14 production production NN 30803 570 15 , , , 30803 570 16 was be VBD 30803 570 17 clearly clearly RB 30803 570 18 out out IN 30803 570 19 of of IN 30803 570 20 the the DT 30803 570 21 question question NN 30803 570 22 , , , 30803 570 23 but but CC 30803 570 24 why why WRB 30803 570 25 not not RB 30803 570 26 make make VB 30803 570 27 a a DT 30803 570 28 stamp stamp NN 30803 570 29 big big JJ 30803 570 30 enough enough RB 30803 570 31 to to TO 30803 570 32 carry carry VB 30803 570 33 a a DT 30803 570 34 picture picture NN 30803 570 35 of of IN 30803 570 36 a a DT 30803 570 37 saint saint NN 30803 570 38 or or CC 30803 570 39 a a DT 30803 570 40 simple simple JJ 30803 570 41 biblical biblical JJ 30803 570 42 scene scene NN 30803 570 43 , , , 30803 570 44 make make VBP 30803 570 45 an an DT 30803 570 46 impression impression NN 30803 570 47 from from IN 30803 570 48 it -PRON- PRP 30803 570 49 on on IN 30803 570 50 vellum vellum NN 30803 570 51 and and CC 30803 570 52 so so RB 30803 570 53 produce produce VBP 30803 570 54 a a DT 30803 570 55 rude rude JJ 30803 570 56 but but CC 30803 570 57 cheap cheap JJ 30803 570 58 picture picture NN 30803 570 59 which which WDT 30803 570 60 could could MD 30803 570 61 be be VB 30803 570 62 multiplied multiply VBN 30803 570 63 indefinitely indefinitely RB 30803 570 64 and and CC 30803 570 65 sold sell VBN 30803 570 66 at at IN 30803 570 67 a a DT 30803 570 68 low low JJ 30803 570 69 rate rate NN 30803 570 70 ? ? . 30803 571 1 No no DT 30803 571 2 one one NN 30803 571 3 knows know VBZ 30803 571 4 who who WP 30803 571 5 invented invent VBD 30803 571 6 this this DT 30803 571 7 idea idea NN 30803 571 8 or or CC 30803 571 9 who who WP 30803 571 10 first first RB 30803 571 11 practised practise VBD 30803 571 12 making make VBG 30803 571 13 these these DT 30803 571 14 picture picture NN 30803 571 15 sheets sheet NNS 30803 571 16 . . . 30803 572 1 We -PRON- PRP 30803 572 2 know know VBP 30803 572 3 , , , 30803 572 4 however however RB 30803 572 5 , , , 30803 572 6 that that IN 30803 572 7 such such JJ 30803 572 8 sheets sheet NNS 30803 572 9 were be VBD 30803 572 10 printed print VBN 30803 572 11 as as RB 30803 572 12 early early RB 30803 572 13 as as IN 30803 572 14 the the DT 30803 572 15 12th 12th JJ 30803 572 16 century century NN 30803 572 17 . . . 30803 573 1 Originally originally RB 30803 573 2 printed print VBN 30803 573 3 upon upon IN 30803 573 4 cloth cloth NN 30803 573 5 or or CC 30803 573 6 vellum vellum NN 30803 573 7 , , , 30803 573 8 by by IN 30803 573 9 the the DT 30803 573 10 middle middle NN 30803 573 11 of of IN 30803 573 12 the the DT 30803 573 13 14th 14th JJ 30803 573 14 century century NN 30803 573 15 they -PRON- PRP 30803 573 16 came come VBD 30803 573 17 to to TO 30803 573 18 be be VB 30803 573 19 printed print VBN 30803 573 20 on on IN 30803 573 21 paper paper NN 30803 573 22 , , , 30803 573 23 and and CC 30803 573 24 by by IN 30803 573 25 the the DT 30803 573 26 early early JJ 30803 573 27 part part NN 30803 573 28 of of IN 30803 573 29 the the DT 30803 573 30 15th 15th NN 30803 573 31 they -PRON- PRP 30803 573 32 had have VBD 30803 573 33 become become VBN 30803 573 34 very very RB 30803 573 35 common common JJ 30803 573 36 . . . 30803 574 1 Circulated circulate VBN 30803 574 2 at at IN 30803 574 3 first first RB 30803 574 4 only only RB 30803 574 5 in in IN 30803 574 6 single single JJ 30803 574 7 leaves leave NNS 30803 574 8 , , , 30803 574 9 at at IN 30803 574 10 a a DT 30803 574 11 later later JJ 30803 574 12 period period NN 30803 574 13 the the DT 30803 574 14 leaves leave NNS 30803 574 15 were be VBD 30803 574 16 folded fold VBN 30803 574 17 and and CC 30803 574 18 combined combine VBN 30803 574 19 into into IN 30803 574 20 quires quire NNS 30803 574 21 as as IN 30803 574 22 in in IN 30803 574 23 other other JJ 30803 574 24 books book NNS 30803 574 25 and and CC 30803 574 26 we -PRON- PRP 30803 574 27 have have VBP 30803 574 28 the the DT 30803 574 29 fully fully RB 30803 574 30 developed develop VBN 30803 574 31 block block NN 30803 574 32 book book NN 30803 574 33 as as IN 30803 574 34 it -PRON- PRP 30803 574 35 is be VBZ 30803 574 36 called call VBN 30803 574 37 , , , 30803 574 38 each each DT 30803 574 39 leaf leaf NN 30803 574 40 being be VBG 30803 574 41 printed print VBN 30803 574 42 from from IN 30803 574 43 a a DT 30803 574 44 single single JJ 30803 574 45 plate plate NN 30803 574 46 . . . 30803 575 1 Some some DT 30803 575 2 of of IN 30803 575 3 these these DT 30803 575 4 books book NNS 30803 575 5 were be VBD 30803 575 6 printed print VBN 30803 575 7 in in IN 30803 575 8 many many JJ 30803 575 9 editions edition NNS 30803 575 10 and and CC 30803 575 11 had have VBD 30803 575 12 enormous enormous JJ 30803 575 13 circulation circulation NN 30803 575 14 . . . 30803 576 1 At at IN 30803 576 2 a a DT 30803 576 3 later later JJ 30803 576 4 period period NN 30803 576 5 a a DT 30803 576 6 few few JJ 30803 576 7 lines line NNS 30803 576 8 of of IN 30803 576 9 explanatory explanatory JJ 30803 576 10 text text NN 30803 576 11 were be VBD 30803 576 12 added add VBN 30803 576 13 to to IN 30803 576 14 the the DT 30803 576 15 picture picture NN 30803 576 16 . . . 30803 577 1 In in IN 30803 577 2 some some DT 30803 577 3 cases case NNS 30803 577 4 these these DT 30803 577 5 lines line NNS 30803 577 6 were be VBD 30803 577 7 part part NN 30803 577 8 of of IN 30803 577 9 the the DT 30803 577 10 plate plate NN 30803 577 11 . . . 30803 578 1 In in IN 30803 578 2 other other JJ 30803 578 3 cases case NNS 30803 578 4 they -PRON- PRP 30803 578 5 were be VBD 30803 578 6 written write VBN 30803 578 7 and and CC 30803 578 8 in in IN 30803 578 9 some some DT 30803 578 10 they -PRON- PRP 30803 578 11 were be VBD 30803 578 12 even even RB 30803 578 13 printed print VBN 30803 578 14 , , , 30803 578 15 as as IN 30803 578 16 the the DT 30803 578 17 use use NN 30803 578 18 of of IN 30803 578 19 the the DT 30803 578 20 block block NN 30803 578 21 book book NN 30803 578 22 survived survive VBD 30803 578 23 the the DT 30803 578 24 invention invention NN 30803 578 25 of of IN 30803 578 26 typographical typographical JJ 30803 578 27 printing printing NN 30803 578 28 . . . 30803 579 1 These these DT 30803 579 2 block block NN 30803 579 3 books book NNS 30803 579 4 were be VBD 30803 579 5 exactly exactly RB 30803 579 6 like like IN 30803 579 7 the the DT 30803 579 8 picture picture NN 30803 579 9 books book NNS 30803 579 10 which which WDT 30803 579 11 we -PRON- PRP 30803 579 12 now now RB 30803 579 13 place place VBP 30803 579 14 in in IN 30803 579 15 the the DT 30803 579 16 hands hand NNS 30803 579 17 of of IN 30803 579 18 little little JJ 30803 579 19 children child NNS 30803 579 20 . . . 30803 580 1 They -PRON- PRP 30803 580 2 were be VBD 30803 580 3 to to TO 30803 580 4 be be VB 30803 580 5 looked look VBN 30803 580 6 at at IN 30803 580 7 rather rather RB 30803 580 8 than than IN 30803 580 9 read read VB 30803 580 10 . . . 30803 581 1 The the DT 30803 581 2 meager meager JJ 30803 581 3 explanatory explanatory JJ 30803 581 4 text text NN 30803 581 5 , , , 30803 581 6 as as IN 30803 581 7 in in IN 30803 581 8 the the DT 30803 581 9 case case NN 30803 581 10 of of IN 30803 581 11 the the DT 30803 581 12 child child NN 30803 581 13 's 's POS 30803 581 14 book book NN 30803 581 15 , , , 30803 581 16 served serve VBD 30803 581 17 the the DT 30803 581 18 double double JJ 30803 581 19 purpose purpose NN 30803 581 20 of of IN 30803 581 21 a a DT 30803 581 22 simple simple JJ 30803 581 23 reading read VBG 30803 581 24 lesson lesson NN 30803 581 25 and and CC 30803 581 26 of of IN 30803 581 27 an an DT 30803 581 28 aid aid NN 30803 581 29 to to IN 30803 581 30 the the DT 30803 581 31 explanation explanation NN 30803 581 32 of of IN 30803 581 33 the the DT 30803 581 34 book book NN 30803 581 35 for for IN 30803 581 36 the the DT 30803 581 37 benefit benefit NN 30803 581 38 of of IN 30803 581 39 the the DT 30803 581 40 owner owner NN 30803 581 41 by by IN 30803 581 42 some some DT 30803 581 43 wiser wise JJR 30803 581 44 person person NN 30803 581 45 . . . 30803 582 1 One one CD 30803 582 2 of of IN 30803 582 3 the the DT 30803 582 4 most most RBS 30803 582 5 popular popular JJ 30803 582 6 of of IN 30803 582 7 these these DT 30803 582 8 books book NNS 30803 582 9 was be VBD 30803 582 10 the the DT 30803 582 11 Biblia Biblia NNP 30803 582 12 Pauperum Pauperum NNP 30803 582 13 , , , 30803 582 14 or or CC 30803 582 15 Poor Poor NNP 30803 582 16 Man Man NNP 30803 582 17 's 's POS 30803 582 18 Bible Bible NNP 30803 582 19 . . . 30803 583 1 This this DT 30803 583 2 contained contain VBD 30803 583 3 a a DT 30803 583 4 large large JJ 30803 583 5 number number NN 30803 583 6 of of IN 30803 583 7 pictures picture NNS 30803 583 8 covering cover VBG 30803 583 9 the the DT 30803 583 10 more more RBR 30803 583 11 striking striking JJ 30803 583 12 incidents incident NNS 30803 583 13 of of IN 30803 583 14 the the DT 30803 583 15 biblical biblical JJ 30803 583 16 story story NN 30803 583 17 . . . 30803 584 1 These these DT 30803 584 2 were be VBD 30803 584 3 not not RB 30803 584 4 arranged arrange VBN 30803 584 5 in in IN 30803 584 6 any any DT 30803 584 7 particular particular JJ 30803 584 8 order order NN 30803 584 9 , , , 30803 584 10 as as IN 30803 584 11 the the DT 30803 584 12 idea idea NN 30803 584 13 of of IN 30803 584 14 historical historical JJ 30803 584 15 study study NN 30803 584 16 of of IN 30803 584 17 the the DT 30803 584 18 scriptures scripture NNS 30803 584 19 had have VBD 30803 584 20 not not RB 30803 584 21 yet yet RB 30803 584 22 made make VBN 30803 584 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 30803 584 24 appearance appearance NN 30803 584 25 . . . 30803 585 1 A a DT 30803 585 2 sample sample NN 30803 585 3 page page NN 30803 585 4 for for IN 30803 585 5 instance instance NN 30803 585 6 , , , 30803 585 7 shows show VBZ 30803 585 8 an an DT 30803 585 9 architectural architectural JJ 30803 585 10 design design NN 30803 585 11 . . . 30803 586 1 The the DT 30803 586 2 larger large JJR 30803 586 3 part part NN 30803 586 4 of of IN 30803 586 5 the the DT 30803 586 6 page page NN 30803 586 7 is be VBZ 30803 586 8 occupied occupy VBN 30803 586 9 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intend VBN 30803 589 21 to to TO 30803 589 22 represent represent VB 30803 589 23 David David NNP 30803 589 24 , , , 30803 589 25 Jacob Jacob NNP 30803 589 26 , , , 30803 589 27 Hosea Hosea NNP 30803 589 28 , , , 30803 589 29 and and CC 30803 589 30 Zephaniah Zephaniah NNP 30803 589 31 . . . 30803 590 1 Fortunately fortunately RB 30803 590 2 the the DT 30803 590 3 " " `` 30803 590 4 portraits portrait NNS 30803 590 5 " " '' 30803 590 6 are be VBP 30803 590 7 labelled label VBN 30803 590 8 as as IN 30803 590 9 these these DT 30803 590 10 biblical biblical JJ 30803 590 11 worthies worthy NNS 30803 590 12 are be VBP 30803 590 13 represented represent VBN 30803 590 14 in in IN 30803 590 15 the the DT 30803 590 16 ordinary ordinary JJ 30803 590 17 costume costume NN 30803 590 18 of of IN 30803 590 19 well well RB 30803 590 20 - - HYPH 30803 590 21 to to TO 30803 590 22 - - HYPH 30803 590 23 do do VB 30803 590 24 citizens citizen NNS 30803 590 25 of of IN 30803 590 26 the the DT 30803 590 27 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. 30803 605 1 These these DT 30803 605 2 twenty twenty CD 30803 605 3 pages page NNS 30803 605 4 are be VBP 30803 605 5 inserted insert VBN 30803 605 6 at at IN 30803 605 7 intervals interval NNS 30803 605 8 among among IN 30803 605 9 the the DT 30803 605 10 others other NNS 30803 605 11 , , , 30803 605 12 and and CC 30803 605 13 how how WRB 30803 605 14 and and CC 30803 605 15 why why WRB 30803 605 16 they -PRON- PRP 30803 605 17 came come VBD 30803 605 18 there there EX 30803 605 19 is be VBZ 30803 605 20 a a DT 30803 605 21 riddle riddle NN 30803 605 22 beyond beyond IN 30803 605 23 guessing guess VBG 30803 605 24 . . . 30803 606 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 606 2 has have VBZ 30803 606 3 been be VBN 30803 606 4 conjectured conjecture VBN 30803 606 5 by by IN 30803 606 6 some some DT 30803 606 7 that that WDT 30803 606 8 the the DT 30803 606 9 long long RB 30803 606 10 - - HYPH 30803 606 11 held hold VBN 30803 606 12 belief belief NN 30803 606 13 that that IN 30803 606 14 Gutenberg Gutenberg NNP 30803 606 15 was be VBD 30803 606 16 a a DT 30803 606 17 polisher polisher NN 30803 606 18 of of IN 30803 606 19 mirrors mirror NNS 30803 606 20 is be VBZ 30803 606 21 erroneous erroneous JJ 30803 606 22 and and CC 30803 606 23 that that IN 30803 606 24 the the DT 30803 606 25 reference reference NN 30803 606 26 in in IN 30803 606 27 certain certain JJ 30803 606 28 of of IN 30803 606 29 the the DT 30803 606 30 scanty scanty NN 30803 606 31 documents document NNS 30803 606 32 concerning concern VBG 30803 606 33 him -PRON- PRP 30803 606 34 to to IN 30803 606 35 business business NN 30803 606 36 about about IN 30803 606 37 mirrors mirror NNS 30803 606 38 may may MD 30803 606 39 refer refer VB 30803 606 40 to to IN 30803 606 41 attempts attempt NNS 30803 606 42 on on IN 30803 606 43 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 606 44 part part NN 30803 606 45 to to TO 30803 606 46 print print VB 30803 606 47 an an DT 30803 606 48 edition edition NN 30803 606 49 of of IN 30803 606 50 this this DT 30803 606 51 book book NN 30803 606 52 , , , 30803 606 53 " " `` 30803 606 54 The the DT 30803 606 55 Mirror Mirror NNP 30803 606 56 of of IN 30803 606 57 Salvation Salvation NNP 30803 606 58 . . . 30803 606 59 " " '' 30803 607 1 In in IN 30803 607 2 making make VBG 30803 607 3 a a DT 30803 607 4 block block NN 30803 607 5 book book NN 30803 607 6 the the DT 30803 607 7 design design NN 30803 607 8 was be VBD 30803 607 9 cut cut VBN 30803 607 10 on on IN 30803 607 11 the the DT 30803 607 12 side side NN 30803 607 13 of of IN 30803 607 14 a a DT 30803 607 15 flat flat JJ 30803 607 16 piece piece NN 30803 607 17 of of IN 30803 607 18 wood wood NN 30803 607 19 , , , 30803 607 20 not not RB 30803 607 21 on on IN 30803 607 22 the the DT 30803 607 23 end end NN 30803 607 24 of of IN 30803 607 25 the the DT 30803 607 26 block block NN 30803 607 27 as as IN 30803 607 28 was be VBD 30803 607 29 the the DT 30803 607 30 later later JJ 30803 607 31 practice practice NN 30803 607 32 in in IN 30803 607 33 wood wood NN 30803 607 34 engraving engraving NN 30803 607 35 . . . 30803 608 1 Sometimes sometimes RB 30803 608 2 , , , 30803 608 3 as as IN 30803 608 4 has have VBZ 30803 608 5 been be VBN 30803 608 6 said say VBN 30803 608 7 , , , 30803 608 8 a a DT 30803 608 9 design design NN 30803 608 10 thus thus RB 30803 608 11 cut cut VBN 30803 608 12 was be VBD 30803 608 13 only only RB 30803 608 14 a a DT 30803 608 15 picture picture NN 30803 608 16 . . . 30803 609 1 Sometimes sometimes RB 30803 609 2 it -PRON- PRP 30803 609 3 was be VBD 30803 609 4 both both DT 30803 609 5 picture picture NN 30803 609 6 and and CC 30803 609 7 text text NN 30803 609 8 . . . 30803 610 1 The the DT 30803 610 2 design design NN 30803 610 3 was be VBD 30803 610 4 cut cut VBN 30803 610 5 in in IN 30803 610 6 relief relief NN 30803 610 7 , , , 30803 610 8 that that DT 30803 610 9 is be VBZ 30803 610 10 to to TO 30803 610 11 say say VB 30803 610 12 the the DT 30803 610 13 wood wood NN 30803 610 14 was be VBD 30803 610 15 cut cut VBN 30803 610 16 away away RB 30803 610 17 leaving leave VBG 30803 610 18 the the DT 30803 610 19 design design NN 30803 610 20 to to TO 30803 610 21 be be VB 30803 610 22 impressed impress VBN 30803 610 23 upon upon IN 30803 610 24 the the DT 30803 610 25 paper paper NN 30803 610 26 raised raise VBN 30803 610 27 . . . 30803 611 1 The the DT 30803 611 2 block block NN 30803 611 3 was be VBD 30803 611 4 then then RB 30803 611 5 thoroughly thoroughly RB 30803 611 6 wetted wet VBN 30803 611 7 with with IN 30803 611 8 a a DT 30803 611 9 thin thin JJ 30803 611 10 , , , 30803 611 11 watery watery JJ 30803 611 12 , , , 30803 611 13 pale pale JJ 30803 611 14 brown brown JJ 30803 611 15 material material NN 30803 611 16 much much JJ 30803 611 17 resembling resemble VBG 30803 611 18 distemper distemper NN 30803 611 19 . . . 30803 612 1 A a DT 30803 612 2 sheet sheet NN 30803 612 3 of of IN 30803 612 4 damp damp JJ 30803 612 5 paper paper NN 30803 612 6 was be VBD 30803 612 7 laid lay VBN 30803 612 8 on on IN 30803 612 9 it -PRON- PRP 30803 612 10 and and CC 30803 612 11 the the DT 30803 612 12 back back NN 30803 612 13 of of IN 30803 612 14 the the DT 30803 612 15 paper paper NN 30803 612 16 was be VBD 30803 612 17 carefully carefully RB 30803 612 18 rubbed rub VBN 30803 612 19 with with IN 30803 612 20 a a DT 30803 612 21 dabber dabber NN 30803 612 22 or or CC 30803 612 23 burnisher burnisher NN 30803 612 24 . . . 30803 613 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 613 2 is be VBZ 30803 613 3 probable probable JJ 30803 613 4 that that IN 30803 613 5 other other JJ 30803 613 6 inks ink NNS 30803 613 7 were be VBD 30803 613 8 employed employ VBN 30803 613 9 , , , 30803 613 10 especially especially RB 30803 613 11 for for IN 30803 613 12 vellum vellum NN 30803 613 13 , , , 30803 613 14 and and CC 30803 613 15 it -PRON- PRP 30803 613 16 is be VBZ 30803 613 17 also also RB 30803 613 18 extremely extremely RB 30803 613 19 probable probable JJ 30803 613 20 that that IN 30803 613 21 a a DT 30803 613 22 rude rude JJ 30803 613 23 press press NN 30803 613 24 , , , 30803 613 25 ancestor ancestor NN 30803 613 26 of of IN 30803 613 27 the the DT 30803 613 28 modern modern JJ 30803 613 29 printing printing NN 30803 613 30 press press NN 30803 613 31 , , , 30803 613 32 was be VBD 30803 613 33 used use VBN 30803 613 34 to to TO 30803 613 35 produce produce VB 30803 613 36 the the DT 30803 613 37 impressions impression NNS 30803 613 38 in in IN 30803 613 39 many many JJ 30803 613 40 cases case NNS 30803 613 41 . . . 30803 614 1 The the DT 30803 614 2 resulting result VBG 30803 614 3 book book NN 30803 614 4 consisted consist VBD 30803 614 5 of of IN 30803 614 6 sheets sheet NNS 30803 614 7 printed print VBN 30803 614 8 on on IN 30803 614 9 one one CD 30803 614 10 side side NN 30803 614 11 only only RB 30803 614 12 , , , 30803 614 13 although although IN 30803 614 14 there there EX 30803 614 15 are be VBP 30803 614 16 a a DT 30803 614 17 few few JJ 30803 614 18 very very RB 30803 614 19 late late JJ 30803 614 20 examples example NNS 30803 614 21 in in IN 30803 614 22 which which WDT 30803 614 23 printing printing NN 30803 614 24 appears appear VBZ 30803 614 25 on on IN 30803 614 26 both both DT 30803 614 27 sides side NNS 30803 614 28 . . . 30803 615 1 The the DT 30803 615 2 pictures picture NNS 30803 615 3 were be VBD 30803 615 4 commonly commonly RB 30803 615 5 roughly roughly RB 30803 615 6 colored color VBN 30803 615 7 by by IN 30803 615 8 hand hand NN 30803 615 9 . . . 30803 616 1 Playing playing NN 30803 616 2 cards card NNS 30803 616 3 were be VBD 30803 616 4 at at IN 30803 616 5 one one CD 30803 616 6 time time NN 30803 616 7 supposed suppose VBN 30803 616 8 to to TO 30803 616 9 have have VB 30803 616 10 been be VBN 30803 616 11 the the DT 30803 616 12 first first JJ 30803 616 13 products product NNS 30803 616 14 of of IN 30803 616 15 this this DT 30803 616 16 method method NN 30803 616 17 of of IN 30803 616 18 printing printing NN 30803 616 19 . . . 30803 617 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 617 2 was be VBD 30803 617 3 naturally naturally RB 30803 617 4 supposed suppose VBN 30803 617 5 that that IN 30803 617 6 the the DT 30803 617 7 small small JJ 30803 617 8 and and CC 30803 617 9 comparatively comparatively RB 30803 617 10 simple simple JJ 30803 617 11 design design NN 30803 617 12 on on IN 30803 617 13 the the DT 30803 617 14 face face NN 30803 617 15 of of IN 30803 617 16 the the DT 30803 617 17 playing playing NN 30803 617 18 card card NN 30803 617 19 might may MD 30803 617 20 be be VB 30803 617 21 regarded regard VBN 30803 617 22 as as IN 30803 617 23 the the DT 30803 617 24 original original JJ 30803 617 25 from from IN 30803 617 26 which which WDT 30803 617 27 the the DT 30803 617 28 more more RBR 30803 617 29 elaborate elaborate JJ 30803 617 30 picture picture NN 30803 617 31 and and CC 30803 617 32 book book NN 30803 617 33 might may MD 30803 617 34 be be VB 30803 617 35 developed develop VBN 30803 617 36 . . . 30803 618 1 This this DT 30803 618 2 opinion opinion NN 30803 618 3 has have VBZ 30803 618 4 now now RB 30803 618 5 , , , 30803 618 6 however however RB 30803 618 7 , , , 30803 618 8 been be VBN 30803 618 9 abandoned abandon VBN 30803 618 10 , , , 30803 618 11 as as IN 30803 618 12 it -PRON- PRP 30803 618 13 is be VBZ 30803 618 14 known know VBN 30803 618 15 that that IN 30803 618 16 the the DT 30803 618 17 earliest early JJS 30803 618 18 playing playing NN 30803 618 19 cards card NNS 30803 618 20 were be VBD 30803 618 21 hand hand NN 30803 618 22 drawn draw VBN 30803 618 23 and and CC 30803 618 24 painted paint VBN 30803 618 25 and and CC 30803 618 26 that that IN 30803 618 27 the the DT 30803 618 28 block block NN 30803 618 29 printed print VBN 30803 618 30 playing playing NN 30803 618 31 cards card NNS 30803 618 32 which which WDT 30803 618 33 we -PRON- PRP 30803 618 34 have have VBP 30803 618 35 date date NN 30803 618 36 from from IN 30803 618 37 the the DT 30803 618 38 15th 15th JJ 30803 618 39 century century NN 30803 618 40 when when WRB 30803 618 41 block block NN 30803 618 42 printing printing NN 30803 618 43 was be VBD 30803 618 44 very very RB 30803 618 45 common common JJ 30803 618 46 . . . 30803 619 1 It -PRON- PRP 30803 619 2 has have VBZ 30803 619 3 already already RB 30803 619 4 been be VBN 30803 619 5 said say VBN 30803 619 6 that that IN 30803 619 7 these these DT 30803 619 8 blocks block NNS 30803 619 9 contained contain VBD 30803 619 10 not not RB 30803 619 11 only only RB 30803 619 12 pictures picture NNS 30803 619 13 but but CC 30803 619 14 text text NN 30803 619 15 , , , 30803 619 16 one one CD 30803 619 17 very very RB 30803 619 18 important important JJ 30803 619 19 block block NN 30803 619 20 book book NN 30803 619 21 consisting consist VBG 30803 619 22 of of IN 30803 619 23 text text NN 30803 619 24 alone alone RB 30803 619 25 . . . 30803 620 1 What what WP 30803 620 2 determined determine VBD 30803 620 3 the the DT 30803 620 4 form form NN 30803 620 5 of of IN 30803 620 6 the the DT 30803 620 7 letters letter NNS 30803 620 8 composing compose VBG 30803 620 9 this this DT 30803 620 10 text text NN 30803 620 11 ? ? . 30803 621 1 There there EX 30803 621 2 were be VBD 30803 621 3 four four CD 30803 621 4 types type NNS 30803 621 5 of of IN 30803 621 6 handwriting handwriting NN 30803 621 7 recognized recognize VBN 30803 621 8 in in IN 30803 621 9 the the DT 30803 621 10 manuscripts manuscript NNS 30803 621 11 of of IN 30803 621 12 the the DT 30803 621 13 period period NN 30803 621 14 which which WDT 30803 621 15 we -PRON- PRP 30803 621 16 are be VBP 30803 621 17 considering consider VBG 30803 621 18 . . . 30803 622 1 The the DT 30803 622 2 first first JJ 30803 622 3 was be VBD 30803 622 4 the the DT 30803 622 5 book book NN 30803 622 6 hand hand NN 30803 622 7 . . . 30803 623 1 This this DT 30803 623 2 was be VBD 30803 623 3 the the DT 30803 623 4 recognized recognize VBN 30803 623 5 type type NN 30803 623 6 of of IN 30803 623 7 script script NN 30803 623 8 used use VBN 30803 623 9 in in IN 30803 623 10 the the DT 30803 623 11 production production NN 30803 623 12 of of IN 30803 623 13 books book NNS 30803 623 14 and and CC 30803 623 15 it -PRON- PRP 30803 623 16 existed exist VBD 30803 623 17 in in IN 30803 623 18 two two CD 30803 623 19 forms form NNS 30803 623 20 , , , 30803 623 21 the the DT 30803 623 22 set set NN 30803 623 23 or or CC 30803 623 24 upright upright RB 30803 623 25 in in IN 30803 623 26 which which WDT 30803 623 27 the the DT 30803 623 28 letters letter NNS 30803 623 29 were be VBD 30803 623 30 carefully carefully RB 30803 623 31 formed form VBN 30803 623 32 , , , 30803 623 33 held hold VBN 30803 623 34 upright upright JJ 30803 623 35 , , , 30803 623 36 and and CC 30803 623 37 without without IN 30803 623 38 ligatures ligature NNS 30803 623 39 or or CC 30803 623 40 connecting connect VBG 30803 623 41 strokes stroke NNS 30803 623 42 between between IN 30803 623 43 letters letter NNS 30803 623 44 , , , 30803 623 45 and and CC 30803 623 46 the the DT 30803 623 47 cursive cursive NN 30803 623 48 in in IN 30803 623 49 which which WDT 30803 623 50 the the DT 30803 623 51 letters letter NNS 30803 623 52 were be VBD 30803 623 53 sloped slope VBN 30803 623 54 and and CC 30803 623 55 ligatured ligature VBN 30803 623 56 . . . 30803 624 1 The the DT 30803 624 2 second second JJ 30803 624 3 type type NN 30803 624 4 was be VBD 30803 624 5 the the DT 30803 624 6 church church NN 30803 624 7 hand hand NN 30803 624 8 , , , 30803 624 9 used use VBN 30803 624 10 for for IN 30803 624 11 ecclesiastical ecclesiastical JJ 30803 624 12 manuscripts manuscript NNS 30803 624 13 and and CC 30803 624 14 familiar familiar JJ 30803 624 15 to to IN 30803 624 16 us -PRON- PRP 30803 624 17 as as IN 30803 624 18 the the DT 30803 624 19 Gothic gothic JJ 30803 624 20 or or CC 30803 624 21 black black JJ 30803 624 22 letter letter NN 30803 624 23 . . . 30803 625 1 This this DT 30803 625 2 also also RB 30803 625 3 appears appear VBZ 30803 625 4 in in IN 30803 625 5 two two CD 30803 625 6 forms form NNS 30803 625 7 . . . 30803 626 1 Manifestly manifestly RB 30803 626 2 the the DT 30803 626 3 Gothic Gothic NNP 30803 626 4 does do VBZ 30803 626 5 not not RB 30803 626 6 lend lend VB 30803 626 7 itself -PRON- PRP 30803 626 8 to to IN 30803 626 9 a a DT 30803 626 10 cursive cursive JJ 30803 626 11 form form NN 30803 626 12 so so IN 30803 626 13 that that IN 30803 626 14 the the DT 30803 626 15 two two CD 30803 626 16 types type NNS 30803 626 17 which which WDT 30803 626 18 appear appear VBP 30803 626 19 are be VBP 30803 626 20 the the DT 30803 626 21 set set NN 30803 626 22 or or CC 30803 626 23 upright upright RB 30803 626 24 , , , 30803 626 25 similar similar JJ 30803 626 26 in in IN 30803 626 27 its -PRON- PRP$ 30803 626 28 characteristics characteristic NNS 30803 626 29 to to IN 30803 626 30 the the DT 30803 626 31 corresponding corresponding JJ 30803 626 32 book book NN 30803 626 33 hand hand NN 30803 626 34 , , , 30803 626 35 and and CC 30803 626 36 the the DT 30803 626 37 ornamental ornamental JJ 30803 626 38 or or CC 30803 626 39 calligraphic calligraphic JJ 30803 626 40 which which WDT 30803 626 41 , , , 30803 626 42 as as IN 30803 626 43 its -PRON- PRP$ 30803 626 44 name name NN 30803 626 45 implies imply VBZ 30803 626 46 , , , 30803 626 47 was be VBD 30803 626 48 an an DT 30803 626 49 ornamental ornamental JJ 30803 626 50 type type NN 30803 626 51 of of IN 30803 626 52 the the DT 30803 626 53 set set VBN 30803 626 54 hand hand NN 30803 626 55 . . . 30803 627 1 The the DT 30803 627 2 third third JJ 30803 627 3 type type NN 30803 627 4 was be VBD 30803 627 5 the the DT 30803 627 6 letter letter NN 30803 627 7 hand hand NN 30803 627 8 , , , 30803 627 9 used use VBN 30803 627 10 by by IN 30803 627 11 persons person NNS 30803 627 12 who who WP 30803 627 13 were be VBD 30803 627 14 not not RB 30803 627 15 professional professional JJ 30803 627 16 penmen penman NNS 30803 627 17 in in IN 30803 627 18 correspondence correspondence NN 30803 627 19 and and CC 30803 627 20 the the DT 30803 627 21 ordinary ordinary JJ 30803 627 22 uses use NNS 30803 627 23 to to TO 30803 627 24 which which WDT 30803 627 25 handwriting handwriting NN 30803 627 26 is be VBZ 30803 627 27 applied apply VBN 30803 627 28 . . . 30803 628 1 The the DT 30803 628 2 fourth fourth JJ 30803 628 3 was be VBD 30803 628 4 the the DT 30803 628 5 court court NN 30803 628 6 or or CC 30803 628 7 charter charter NN 30803 628 8 hand hand NN 30803 628 9 . . . 30803 629 1 This this DT 30803 629 2 hand hand NN 30803 629 3 was be VBD 30803 629 4 used use VBN 30803 629 5 for for IN 30803 629 6 court court NN 30803 629 7 records record NNS 30803 629 8 , , , 30803 629 9 deeds deed NNS 30803 629 10 , , , 30803 629 11 charters charter NNS 30803 629 12 , , , 30803 629 13 and and CC 30803 629 14 all all DT 30803 629 15 sorts sort NNS 30803 629 16 of of IN 30803 629 17 legal legal JJ 30803 629 18 documents document NNS 30803 629 19 . . . 30803 630 1 The the DT 30803 630 2 first first JJ 30803 630 3 two two CD 30803 630 4 types type NNS 30803 630 5 were be VBD 30803 630 6 highly highly RB 30803 630 7 conventionalized conventionalize VBN 30803 630 8 and and CC 30803 630 9 left leave VBD 30803 630 10 very very RB 30803 630 11 little little JJ 30803 630 12 to to IN 30803 630 13 the the DT 30803 630 14 " " `` 30803 630 15 hand hand NN 30803 630 16 " " '' 30803 630 17 as as IN 30803 630 18 we -PRON- PRP 30803 630 19 now now RB 30803 630 20 say say VBP 30803 630 21 of of IN 30803 630 22 the the DT 30803 630 23 individual individual JJ 30803 630 24 writer writer NN 30803 630 25 . . . 30803 631 1 The the DT 30803 631 2 third third JJ 30803 631 3 , , , 30803 631 4 as as IN 30803 631 5 might may MD 30803 631 6 be be VB 30803 631 7 supposed suppose VBN 30803 631 8 , , , 30803 631 9 while while IN 30803 631 10 following follow VBG 30803 631 11 certain certain JJ 30803 631 12 general general JJ 30803 631 13 models model NNS 30803 631 14 offers offer VBZ 30803 631 15 all all PDT 30803 631 16 the the DT 30803 631 17 peculiarities peculiarity NNS 30803 631 18 of of IN 30803 631 19 individual individual JJ 30803 631 20 handwriting handwriting NN 30803 631 21 at at IN 30803 631 22 any any DT 30803 631 23 age age NN 30803 631 24 . . . 30803 632 1 The the DT 30803 632 2 fourth fourth JJ 30803 632 3 is be VBZ 30803 632 4 intermediate intermediate JJ 30803 632 5 in in IN 30803 632 6 regard regard NN 30803 632 7 to to IN 30803 632 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 30803 632 9 conventionality conventionality NN 30803 632 10 between between IN 30803 632 11 the the DT 30803 632 12 first first JJ 30803 632 13 and and CC 30803 632 14 second second JJ 30803 632 15 types type NNS 30803 632 16 and and CC 30803 632 17 the the DT 30803 632 18 third third JJ 30803 632 19 . . . 30803 633 1 These these DT 30803 633 2 recognized recognize VBD 30803 633 3 conventional conventional JJ 30803 633 4 types type NNS 30803 633 5 of of IN 30803 633 6 handwriting handwriting NN 30803 633 7 were be VBD 30803 633 8 imitated imitate VBN 30803 633 9 in in IN 30803 633 10 the the DT 30803 633 11 cutting cutting NN 30803 633 12 of of IN 30803 633 13 the the DT 30803 633 14 blocks block NNS 30803 633 15 . . . 30803 634 1 They -PRON- PRP 30803 634 2 were be VBD 30803 634 3 also also RB 30803 634 4 imitated imitate VBN 30803 634 5 when when WRB 30803 634 6 the the DT 30803 634 7 letters letter NNS 30803 634 8 , , , 30803 634 9 instead instead RB 30803 634 10 of of IN 30803 634 11 being be VBG 30803 634 12 cut cut VBN 30803 634 13 in in IN 30803 634 14 groups group NNS 30803 634 15 on on IN 30803 634 16 a a DT 30803 634 17 block block NN 30803 634 18 to to TO 30803 634 19 form form VB 30803 634 20 an an DT 30803 634 21 inscription inscription NN 30803 634 22 , , , 30803 634 23 were be VBD 30803 634 24 cut cut VBN 30803 634 25 on on IN 30803 634 26 the the DT 30803 634 27 ends end NNS 30803 634 28 of of IN 30803 634 29 single single JJ 30803 634 30 types type NNS 30803 634 31 to to TO 30803 634 32 be be VB 30803 634 33 used use VBN 30803 634 34 in in IN 30803 634 35 printing print VBG 30803 634 36 . . . 30803 635 1 The the DT 30803 635 2 first first JJ 30803 635 3 printing printing NN 30803 635 4 , , , 30803 635 5 whether whether IN 30803 635 6 on on IN 30803 635 7 blocks block NNS 30803 635 8 or or CC 30803 635 9 from from IN 30803 635 10 types type NNS 30803 635 11 , , , 30803 635 12 was be VBD 30803 635 13 an an DT 30803 635 14 imitation imitation NN 30803 635 15 of of IN 30803 635 16 manuscript manuscript NN 30803 635 17 and and CC 30803 635 18 this this DT 30803 635 19 determined determine VBD 30803 635 20 the the DT 30803 635 21 letter letter NN 30803 635 22 faces face VBZ 30803 635 23 . . . 30803 636 1 The the DT 30803 636 2 early early JJ 30803 636 3 15th 15th JJ 30803 636 4 century century NN 30803 636 5 , , , 30803 636 6 then then RB 30803 636 7 , , , 30803 636 8 sees see VBZ 30803 636 9 everything everything NN 30803 636 10 prepared prepared JJ 30803 636 11 for for IN 30803 636 12 the the DT 30803 636 13 invention invention NN 30803 636 14 and and CC 30803 636 15 use use NN 30803 636 16 of of IN 30803 636 17 movable movable JJ 30803 636 18 types type NNS 30803 636 19 for for IN 30803 636 20 printing print VBG 30803 636 21 purposes purpose NNS 30803 636 22 . . . 30803 637 1 There there EX 30803 637 2 is be VBZ 30803 637 3 a a DT 30803 637 4 greater great JJR 30803 637 5 demand demand NN 30803 637 6 for for IN 30803 637 7 books book NNS 30803 637 8 than than IN 30803 637 9 the the DT 30803 637 10 hard hard JJ 30803 637 11 working working NN 30803 637 12 copyists copyist NNS 30803 637 13 can can MD 30803 637 14 supply supply VB 30803 637 15 . . . 30803 638 1 The the DT 30803 638 2 idea idea NN 30803 638 3 of of IN 30803 638 4 making make VBG 30803 638 5 impressions impression NNS 30803 638 6 from from IN 30803 638 7 stamps stamp NNS 30803 638 8 has have VBZ 30803 638 9 become become VBN 30803 638 10 very very RB 30803 638 11 familiar familiar JJ 30803 638 12 through through IN 30803 638 13 long long JJ 30803 638 14 use use NN 30803 638 15 . . . 30803 639 1 Ink ink NN 30803 639 2 and and CC 30803 639 3 paper paper NN 30803 639 4 suitable suitable JJ 30803 639 5 for for IN 30803 639 6 these these DT 30803 639 7 impressions impression NNS 30803 639 8 have have VBP 30803 639 9 been be VBN 30803 639 10 discovered discover VBN 30803 639 11 and and CC 30803 639 12 are be VBP 30803 639 13 obtainable obtainable JJ 30803 639 14 at at IN 30803 639 15 a a DT 30803 639 16 reasonable reasonable JJ 30803 639 17 price price NN 30803 639 18 . . . 30803 640 1 The the DT 30803 640 2 rude rude JJ 30803 640 3 presses press NNS 30803 640 4 used use VBN 30803 640 5 for for IN 30803 640 6 so so RB 30803 640 7 many many JJ 30803 640 8 other other JJ 30803 640 9 purposes purpose NNS 30803 640 10 have have VBP 30803 640 11 been be VBN 30803 640 12 adapted adapt VBN 30803 640 13 to to IN 30803 640 14 the the DT 30803 640 15 taking taking NN 30803 640 16 of of IN 30803 640 17 these these DT 30803 640 18 impressions impression NNS 30803 640 19 . . . 30803 641 1 Everything everything NN 30803 641 2 is be VBZ 30803 641 3 ready ready JJ 30803 641 4 for for IN 30803 641 5 the the DT 30803 641 6 invention invention NN 30803 641 7 which which WDT 30803 641 8 is be VBZ 30803 641 9 to to TO 30803 641 10 revolutionize revolutionize VB 30803 641 11 the the DT 30803 641 12 intellectual intellectual JJ 30803 641 13 life life NN 30803 641 14 of of IN 30803 641 15 mankind mankind NN 30803 641 16 . . . 30803 642 1 SUPPLEMENTARY supplementary NN 30803 642 2 READING read VBG 30803 642 3 The the DT 30803 642 4 Story Story NNP 30803 642 5 of of IN 30803 642 6 the the DT 30803 642 7 Alphabet Alphabet NNP 30803 642 8 . . . 30803 643 1 Edward Edward NNP 30803 643 2 Clodd Clodd NNP 30803 643 3 . . . 30803 644 1 The the DT 30803 644 2 Story Story NNP 30803 644 3 of of IN 30803 644 4 Books Books NNPS 30803 644 5 . . . 30803 645 1 G. G. NNP 30803 645 2 B. B. NNP 30803 645 3 Rawlings Rawlings NNP 30803 645 4 . . . 30803 646 1 Books Books NNP 30803 646 2 in in IN 30803 646 3 Manuscript Manuscript NNP 30803 646 4 . . . 30803 647 1 Falconer Falconer NNP 30803 647 2 Madan Madan NNP 30803 647 3 . . . 30803 648 1 Books book NNS 30803 648 2 and and CC 30803 648 3 Their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 648 4 Makers maker NNS 30803 648 5 in in IN 30803 648 6 the the DT 30803 648 7 Middle Middle NNP 30803 648 8 Ages Ages NNPS 30803 648 9 . . . 30803 649 1 Vol Vol NNP 30803 649 2 . . . 30803 650 1 I. I. NNP 30803 650 2 G. G. NNP 30803 650 3 H. H. NNP 30803 650 4 Putnam Putnam NNP 30803 650 5 . . . 30803 651 1 Encyclopædia Encyclopædia NNP 30803 651 2 Britannica Britannica NNP 30803 651 3 . . . 30803 652 1 Eleventh Eleventh NNP 30803 652 2 Edition Edition NNP 30803 652 3 . . . 30803 653 1 Articles article NNS 30803 653 2 : : : 30803 653 3 Alphabet Alphabet NNP 30803 653 4 ( ( -LRB- 30803 653 5 very very RB 30803 653 6 scholarly scholarly JJ 30803 653 7 and and CC 30803 653 8 in in IN 30803 653 9 large large JJ 30803 653 10 part part NN 30803 653 11 suitable suitable JJ 30803 653 12 only only RB 30803 653 13 for for IN 30803 653 14 very very RB 30803 653 15 advanced advanced JJ 30803 653 16 students student NNS 30803 653 17 . . . 30803 653 18 ) ) -RRB- 30803 654 1 Paleography paleography NN 30803 654 2 . . . 30803 655 1 Manuscript manuscript NN 30803 655 2 . . . 30803 656 1 Book book NN 30803 656 2 . . . 30803 657 1 Libraries library NNS 30803 657 2 . . . 30803 658 1 Bookbinding bookbinding NN 30803 658 2 . . . 30803 659 1 Bookselling bookselling NN 30803 659 2 . . . 30803 660 1 Papyrus Papyrus NNP 30803 660 2 . . . 30803 661 1 Paper paper NN 30803 661 2 . . . 30803 662 1 Ink Ink NNP 30803 662 2 , , , 30803 662 3 and and CC 30803 662 4 many many JJ 30803 662 5 others other NNS 30803 662 6 which which WDT 30803 662 7 will will MD 30803 662 8 suggest suggest VB 30803 662 9 themselves -PRON- PRP 30803 662 10 during during IN 30803 662 11 the the DT 30803 662 12 study study NN 30803 662 13 of of IN 30803 662 14 the the DT 30803 662 15 articles article NNS 30803 662 16 named name VBN 30803 662 17 . . . 30803 663 1 REVIEW REVIEW NNP 30803 663 2 QUESTIONS QUESTIONS NNP 30803 663 3 1 1 CD 30803 663 4 . . . 30803 664 1 Name name VB 30803 664 2 some some DT 30803 664 3 of of IN 30803 664 4 the the DT 30803 664 5 earliest early JJS 30803 664 6 devices device NNS 30803 664 7 for for IN 30803 664 8 communicating communicate VBG 30803 664 9 ideas idea NNS 30803 664 10 to to IN 30803 664 11 the the DT 30803 664 12 absent absent NN 30803 664 13 . . . 30803 665 1 2 2 LS 30803 665 2 . . . 30803 666 1 What what WP 30803 666 2 was be VBD 30803 666 3 the the DT 30803 666 4 most most RBS 30803 666 5 important important JJ 30803 666 6 of of IN 30803 666 7 these these DT 30803 666 8 devices device NNS 30803 666 9 , , , 30803 666 10 and and CC 30803 666 11 why why WRB 30803 666 12 ? ? . 30803 667 1 3 3 LS 30803 667 2 . . . 30803 668 1 What what WP 30803 668 2 is be VBZ 30803 668 3 an an DT 30803 668 4 ideogram ideogram NN 30803 668 5 ? ? . 30803 669 1 4 4 LS 30803 669 2 . . . 30803 670 1 What what WP 30803 670 2 is be VBZ 30803 670 3 a a DT 30803 670 4 phonogram phonogram NN 30803 670 5 ? ? . 30803 671 1 5 5 CD 30803 671 2 . . . 30803 672 1 Tell tell VB 30803 672 2 how how WRB 30803 672 3 phonograms phonogram NNS 30803 672 4 became become VBD 30803 672 5 alphabets alphabet NNS 30803 672 6 . . . 30803 673 1 6 6 LS 30803 673 2 . . . 30803 673 3 Who who WP 30803 673 4 were be VBD 30803 673 5 the the DT 30803 673 6 Egyptians Egyptians NNPS 30803 673 7 and and CC 30803 673 8 what what WP 30803 673 9 kind kind NN 30803 673 10 of of IN 30803 673 11 characters character NNS 30803 673 12 did do VBD 30803 673 13 they -PRON- PRP 30803 673 14 use use VB 30803 673 15 ? ? . 30803 674 1 7 7 LS 30803 674 2 . . . 30803 674 3 Who who WP 30803 674 4 were be VBD 30803 674 5 the the DT 30803 674 6 Assyrio Assyrio NNP 30803 674 7 - - HYPH 30803 674 8 Babylonians Babylonians NNPS 30803 674 9 and and CC 30803 674 10 what what WP 30803 674 11 kind kind NN 30803 674 12 of of IN 30803 674 13 characters character NNS 30803 674 14 did do VBD 30803 674 15 they -PRON- PRP 30803 674 16 use use VB 30803 674 17 ? ? . 30803 675 1 8 8 LS 30803 675 2 . . . 30803 675 3 Who who WP 30803 675 4 were be VBD 30803 675 5 the the DT 30803 675 6 Cretans Cretans NNPS 30803 675 7 and and CC 30803 675 8 what what WP 30803 675 9 kind kind NN 30803 675 10 of of IN 30803 675 11 characters character NNS 30803 675 12 did do VBD 30803 675 13 they -PRON- PRP 30803 675 14 use use VB 30803 675 15 ? ? . 30803 676 1 9 9 LS 30803 676 2 . . . 30803 676 3 Who who WP 30803 676 4 invented invent VBD 30803 676 5 the the DT 30803 676 6 alphabet alphabet NN 30803 676 7 ? ? . 30803 677 1 10 10 CD 30803 677 2 . . . 30803 678 1 Where where WRB 30803 678 2 did do VBD 30803 678 3 they -PRON- PRP 30803 678 4 get get VB 30803 678 5 the the DT 30803 678 6 material material NN 30803 678 7 for for IN 30803 678 8 the the DT 30803 678 9 alphabet alphabet NN 30803 678 10 ? ? . 30803 679 1 11 11 CD 30803 679 2 . . . 30803 680 1 What what WP 30803 680 2 is be VBZ 30803 680 3 papyrus papyrus JJ 30803 680 4 , , , 30803 680 5 and and CC 30803 680 6 how how WRB 30803 680 7 was be VBD 30803 680 8 it -PRON- PRP 30803 680 9 made make VBN 30803 680 10 ? ? . 30803 681 1 12 12 CD 30803 681 2 . . . 30803 682 1 What what WP 30803 682 2 is be VBZ 30803 682 3 vellum vellum NN 30803 682 4 , , , 30803 682 5 and and CC 30803 682 6 how how WRB 30803 682 7 was be VBD 30803 682 8 it -PRON- PRP 30803 682 9 made make VBN 30803 682 10 ? ? . 30803 683 1 13 13 CD 30803 683 2 . . . 30803 683 3 Who who WP 30803 683 4 invented invent VBD 30803 683 5 paper paper NN 30803 683 6 , , , 30803 683 7 and and CC 30803 683 8 when when WRB 30803 683 9 ? ? . 30803 684 1 14 14 CD 30803 684 2 . . . 30803 684 3 Who who WP 30803 684 4 introduced introduce VBD 30803 684 5 it -PRON- PRP 30803 684 6 into into IN 30803 684 7 Europe Europe NNP 30803 684 8 , , , 30803 684 9 and and CC 30803 684 10 when when WRB 30803 684 11 ? ? . 30803 685 1 15 15 CD 30803 685 2 . . . 30803 686 1 What what WP 30803 686 2 made make VBD 30803 686 3 the the DT 30803 686 4 use use NN 30803 686 5 of of IN 30803 686 6 paper paper NN 30803 686 7 common common JJ 30803 686 8 , , , 30803 686 9 and and CC 30803 686 10 why why WRB 30803 686 11 ? ? . 30803 687 1 16 16 CD 30803 687 2 . . . 30803 688 1 What what WP 30803 688 2 writing writing NN 30803 688 3 material material NN 30803 688 4 was be VBD 30803 688 5 invented invent VBN 30803 688 6 in in IN 30803 688 7 the the DT 30803 688 8 19th 19th JJ 30803 688 9 century century NN 30803 688 10 ? ? . 30803 689 1 17 17 CD 30803 689 2 . . . 30803 690 1 What what WP 30803 690 2 are be VBP 30803 690 3 some some DT 30803 690 4 of of IN 30803 690 5 its -PRON- PRP$ 30803 690 6 advantages advantage NNS 30803 690 7 and and CC 30803 690 8 disadvantages disadvantage NNS 30803 690 9 ? ? . 30803 691 1 18 18 CD 30803 691 2 . . . 30803 692 1 What what WP 30803 692 2 are be VBP 30803 692 3 tablets tablet NNS 30803 692 4 and and CC 30803 692 5 how how WRB 30803 692 6 were be VBD 30803 692 7 they -PRON- PRP 30803 692 8 made make VBN 30803 692 9 and and CC 30803 692 10 used use VBN 30803 692 11 ? ? . 30803 693 1 19 19 CD 30803 693 2 . . . 30803 694 1 What what WDT 30803 694 2 kind kind NN 30803 694 3 of of IN 30803 694 4 ink ink NN 30803 694 5 did do VBD 30803 694 6 the the DT 30803 694 7 ancient ancient JJ 30803 694 8 people people NNS 30803 694 9 use use VB 30803 694 10 ? ? . 30803 695 1 20 20 CD 30803 695 2 . . . 30803 696 1 When when WRB 30803 696 2 were be VBD 30803 696 3 irongall irongall JJ 30803 696 4 inks ink NNS 30803 696 5 invented invent VBN 30803 696 6 ? ? . 30803 697 1 21 21 CD 30803 697 2 . . . 30803 698 1 What what WDT 30803 698 2 kind kind NN 30803 698 3 of of IN 30803 698 4 ink ink NN 30803 698 5 did do VBD 30803 698 6 the the DT 30803 698 7 early early JJ 30803 698 8 printers printer NNS 30803 698 9 use use NN 30803 698 10 ? ? . 30803 699 1 22 22 CD 30803 699 2 . . . 30803 700 1 What what WP 30803 700 2 did do VBD 30803 700 3 the the DT 30803 700 4 ancient ancient JJ 30803 700 5 writers writer NNS 30803 700 6 write write VB 30803 700 7 with with IN 30803 700 8 ? ? . 30803 701 1 23 23 CD 30803 701 2 . . . 30803 702 1 What what WP 30803 702 2 was be VBD 30803 702 3 the the DT 30803 702 4 form form NN 30803 702 5 of of IN 30803 702 6 the the DT 30803 702 7 ancient ancient JJ 30803 702 8 papyrus papyrus NN 30803 702 9 book book NN 30803 702 10 ? ? . 30803 703 1 24 24 CD 30803 703 2 . . . 30803 704 1 What what WDT 30803 704 2 effect effect NN 30803 704 3 did do VBD 30803 704 4 the the DT 30803 704 5 use use NN 30803 704 6 of of IN 30803 704 7 vellum vellum NN 30803 704 8 have have VBP 30803 704 9 on on IN 30803 704 10 the the DT 30803 704 11 form form NN 30803 704 12 of of IN 30803 704 13 the the DT 30803 704 14 book book NN 30803 704 15 ? ? . 30803 705 1 25 25 CD 30803 705 2 . . . 30803 706 1 Describe describe VB 30803 706 2 the the DT 30803 706 3 evolution evolution NN 30803 706 4 of of IN 30803 706 5 the the DT 30803 706 6 bound bind VBN 30803 706 7 book book NN 30803 706 8 . . . 30803 707 1 26 26 CD 30803 707 2 . . . 30803 708 1 When when WRB 30803 708 2 did do VBD 30803 708 3 books book NNS 30803 708 4 become become VB 30803 708 5 popular popular JJ 30803 708 6 as as IN 30803 708 7 compared compare VBN 30803 708 8 with with IN 30803 708 9 rolls roll NNS 30803 708 10 ? ? . 30803 709 1 27 27 CD 30803 709 2 . . . 30803 710 1 What what WP 30803 710 2 were be VBD 30803 710 3 some some DT 30803 710 4 of of IN 30803 710 5 the the DT 30803 710 6 advantages advantage NNS 30803 710 7 of of IN 30803 710 8 the the DT 30803 710 9 book book NN 30803 710 10 as as IN 30803 710 11 compared compare VBN 30803 710 12 with with IN 30803 710 13 the the DT 30803 710 14 roll roll NN 30803 710 15 ? ? . 30803 711 1 28 28 CD 30803 711 2 . . . 30803 712 1 What what WP 30803 712 2 can can MD 30803 712 3 you -PRON- PRP 30803 712 4 tell tell VB 30803 712 5 of of IN 30803 712 6 the the DT 30803 712 7 make make NN 30803 712 8 - - HYPH 30803 712 9 up up NN 30803 712 10 and and CC 30803 712 11 appearance appearance NN 30803 712 12 of of IN 30803 712 13 a a DT 30803 712 14 manuscript manuscript NN 30803 712 15 roll roll NN 30803 712 16 ? ? . 30803 713 1 29 29 CD 30803 713 2 . . . 30803 714 1 What what WP 30803 714 2 can can MD 30803 714 3 you -PRON- PRP 30803 714 4 tell tell VB 30803 714 5 of of IN 30803 714 6 the the DT 30803 714 7 make make NN 30803 714 8 - - HYPH 30803 714 9 up up NN 30803 714 10 and and CC 30803 714 11 appearance appearance NN 30803 714 12 of of IN 30803 714 13 a a DT 30803 714 14 vellum vellum NN 30803 714 15 book book NN 30803 714 16 ? ? . 30803 715 1 30 30 CD 30803 715 2 . . . 30803 716 1 What what WP 30803 716 2 can can MD 30803 716 3 you -PRON- PRP 30803 716 4 say say VB 30803 716 5 of of IN 30803 716 6 the the DT 30803 716 7 lettering lettering NN 30803 716 8 , , , 30803 716 9 spacing spacing NN 30803 716 10 , , , 30803 716 11 etc etc FW 30803 716 12 . . . 30803 717 1 of of IN 30803 717 2 early early JJ 30803 717 3 manuscripts manuscript NNS 30803 717 4 ? ? . 30803 718 1 31 31 CD 30803 718 2 . . . 30803 719 1 Give give VB 30803 719 2 some some DT 30803 719 3 account account NN 30803 719 4 of of IN 30803 719 5 the the DT 30803 719 6 introduction introduction NN 30803 719 7 of of IN 30803 719 8 ( ( -LRB- 30803 719 9 a a DT 30803 719 10 ) ) -RRB- 30803 719 11 word word NN 30803 719 12 separation separation NN 30803 719 13 , , , 30803 719 14 ( ( -LRB- 30803 719 15 b b NN 30803 719 16 ) ) -RRB- 30803 719 17 paragraphs paragraph NNS 30803 719 18 , , , 30803 719 19 ( ( -LRB- 30803 719 20 c c NN 30803 719 21 ) ) -RRB- 30803 719 22 sentences sentence NNS 30803 719 23 , , , 30803 719 24 ( ( -LRB- 30803 719 25 d d NN 30803 719 26 ) ) -RRB- 30803 719 27 punctuation punctuation NN 30803 719 28 . . . 30803 720 1 32 32 CD 30803 720 2 . . . 30803 721 1 What what WP 30803 721 2 did do VBD 30803 721 3 the the DT 30803 721 4 writer writer NN 30803 721 5 do do VB 30803 721 6 when when WRB 30803 721 7 the the DT 30803 721 8 words word NNS 30803 721 9 did do VBD 30803 721 10 not not RB 30803 721 11 fit fit VB 30803 721 12 the the DT 30803 721 13 line line NN 30803 721 14 ? ? . 30803 722 1 33 33 CD 30803 722 2 . . . 30803 723 1 What what WP 30803 723 2 can can MD 30803 723 3 you -PRON- PRP 30803 723 4 say say VB 30803 723 5 about about IN 30803 723 6 titles title NNS 30803 723 7 , , , 30803 723 8 running run VBG 30803 723 9 heads head NNS 30803 723 10 , , , 30803 723 11 and and CC 30803 723 12 numbering numbering NN 30803 723 13 of of IN 30803 723 14 pages page NNS 30803 723 15 ? ? . 30803 724 1 34 34 CD 30803 724 2 . . . 30803 725 1 How how WRB 30803 725 2 were be VBD 30803 725 3 quotations quotation NNS 30803 725 4 indicated indicate VBN 30803 725 5 ? ? . 30803 726 1 35 35 CD 30803 726 2 . . . 30803 727 1 How how WRB 30803 727 2 were be VBD 30803 727 3 mistakes mistake NNS 30803 727 4 treated treat VBN 30803 727 5 ? ? . 30803 728 1 36 36 CD 30803 728 2 . . . 30803 729 1 What what WDT 30803 729 2 use use NN 30803 729 3 was be VBD 30803 729 4 made make VBN 30803 729 5 of of IN 30803 729 6 abbreviations abbreviation NNS 30803 729 7 and and CC 30803 729 8 contractions contraction NNS 30803 729 9 ? ? . 30803 730 1 37 37 CD 30803 730 2 . . . 30803 731 1 How how WRB 30803 731 2 do do VBP 30803 731 3 you -PRON- PRP 30803 731 4 pronounce pronounce VB 30803 731 5 " " `` 30803 731 6 ye ye NNP 30803 731 7 " " '' 30803 731 8 and and CC 30803 731 9 " " `` 30803 731 10 yt yt FW 30803 731 11 , , , 30803 731 12 " " '' 30803 731 13 abbreviations abbreviation NNS 30803 731 14 for for IN 30803 731 15 " " `` 30803 731 16 the the DT 30803 731 17 " " '' 30803 731 18 and and CC 30803 731 19 " " `` 30803 731 20 that that DT 30803 731 21 , , , 30803 731 22 " " '' 30803 731 23 and and CC 30803 731 24 why why WRB 30803 731 25 ? ? . 30803 732 1 38 38 CD 30803 732 2 . . . 30803 733 1 What what WP 30803 733 2 is be VBZ 30803 733 3 a a DT 30803 733 4 palimpsest palimps JJS 30803 733 5 ? ? . 30803 734 1 39 39 CD 30803 734 2 . . . 30803 735 1 What what WP 30803 735 2 did do VBD 30803 735 3 the the DT 30803 735 4 old old JJ 30803 735 5 writers writer NNS 30803 735 6 do do VBP 30803 735 7 to to TO 30803 735 8 make make VB 30803 735 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 735 10 books book NNS 30803 735 11 beautiful beautiful JJ 30803 735 12 ? ? . 30803 736 1 40 40 CD 30803 736 2 . . . 30803 737 1 What what WP 30803 737 2 is be VBZ 30803 737 3 the the DT 30803 737 4 present present JJ 30803 737 5 value value NN 30803 737 6 of of IN 30803 737 7 the the DT 30803 737 8 book book NN 30803 737 9 decorations decoration NNS 30803 737 10 of of IN 30803 737 11 the the DT 30803 737 12 middle middle JJ 30803 737 13 ages age NNS 30803 737 14 ? ? . 30803 738 1 41 41 CD 30803 738 2 . . . 30803 739 1 What what WP 30803 739 2 are be VBP 30803 739 3 the the DT 30803 739 4 oldest old JJS 30803 739 5 libraries library NNS 30803 739 6 we -PRON- PRP 30803 739 7 know know VBP 30803 739 8 anything anything NN 30803 739 9 about about IN 30803 739 10 ? ? . 30803 740 1 42 42 CD 30803 740 2 . . . 30803 741 1 What what WP 30803 741 2 is be VBZ 30803 741 3 the the DT 30803 741 4 oldest old JJS 30803 741 5 one one CD 30803 741 6 of of IN 30803 741 7 which which WDT 30803 741 8 any any DT 30803 741 9 part part NN 30803 741 10 has have VBZ 30803 741 11 been be VBN 30803 741 12 preserved preserve VBN 30803 741 13 ? ? . 30803 742 1 43 43 CD 30803 742 2 . . . 30803 743 1 What what WP 30803 743 2 was be VBD 30803 743 3 the the DT 30803 743 4 most most RBS 30803 743 5 famous famous JJ 30803 743 6 library library NN 30803 743 7 of of IN 30803 743 8 classical classical JJ 30803 743 9 time time NN 30803 743 10 , , , 30803 743 11 and and CC 30803 743 12 what what WP 30803 743 13 became become VBD 30803 743 14 of of IN 30803 743 15 it -PRON- PRP 30803 743 16 ? ? . 30803 744 1 44 44 CD 30803 744 2 . . . 30803 745 1 Have have VBP 30803 745 2 we -PRON- PRP 30803 745 3 any any DT 30803 745 4 remnants remnant NNS 30803 745 5 of of IN 30803 745 6 the the DT 30803 745 7 libraries library NNS 30803 745 8 of of IN 30803 745 9 the the DT 30803 745 10 classical classical JJ 30803 745 11 period period NN 30803 745 12 ? ? . 30803 746 1 Why why WRB 30803 746 2 ? ? . 30803 747 1 45 45 CD 30803 747 2 . . . 30803 748 1 To to TO 30803 748 2 what what WP 30803 748 3 do do VBP 30803 748 4 we -PRON- PRP 30803 748 5 owe owe VB 30803 748 6 the the DT 30803 748 7 preservation preservation NN 30803 748 8 of of IN 30803 748 9 classical classical JJ 30803 748 10 literature literature NN 30803 748 11 ? ? . 30803 749 1 46 46 CD 30803 749 2 . . . 30803 750 1 How how WRB 30803 750 2 did do VBD 30803 750 3 the the DT 30803 750 4 monasteries monastery NNS 30803 750 5 come come VB 30803 750 6 to to TO 30803 750 7 have have VB 30803 750 8 libraries library NNS 30803 750 9 ? ? . 30803 751 1 47 47 CD 30803 751 2 . . . 30803 752 1 What what WP 30803 752 2 was be VBD 30803 752 3 the the DT 30803 752 4 scriptorium scriptorium NN 30803 752 5 of of IN 30803 752 6 a a DT 30803 752 7 monastery monastery NN 30803 752 8 ? ? . 30803 753 1 48 48 CD 30803 753 2 . . . 30803 754 1 How how WRB 30803 754 2 was be VBD 30803 754 3 the the DT 30803 754 4 work work NN 30803 754 5 done do VBN 30803 754 6 there there RB 30803 754 7 ? ? . 30803 755 1 49 49 CD 30803 755 2 . . . 30803 756 1 How how WRB 30803 756 2 were be VBD 30803 756 3 books book NNS 30803 756 4 cared care VBN 30803 756 5 for for IN 30803 756 6 in in IN 30803 756 7 the the DT 30803 756 8 middle middle JJ 30803 756 9 ages age NNS 30803 756 10 ? ? . 30803 757 1 50 50 CD 30803 757 2 . . . 30803 758 1 How how WRB 30803 758 2 were be VBD 30803 758 3 they -PRON- PRP 30803 758 4 loaned loan VBN 30803 758 5 and and CC 30803 758 6 under under IN 30803 758 7 what what WDT 30803 758 8 conditions condition NNS 30803 758 9 ? ? . 30803 759 1 51 51 CD 30803 759 2 . . . 30803 760 1 What what WP 30803 760 2 can can MD 30803 760 3 you -PRON- PRP 30803 760 4 say say VB 30803 760 5 of of IN 30803 760 6 the the DT 30803 760 7 value value NN 30803 760 8 of of IN 30803 760 9 books book NNS 30803 760 10 in in IN 30803 760 11 the the DT 30803 760 12 middle middle JJ 30803 760 13 ages age NNS 30803 760 14 , , , 30803 760 15 both both CC 30803 760 16 in in IN 30803 760 17 money money NN 30803 760 18 and and CC 30803 760 19 in in IN 30803 760 20 sentiment sentiment NN 30803 760 21 ? ? . 30803 761 1 52 52 CD 30803 761 2 . . . 30803 761 3 Who who WP 30803 761 4 besides besides IN 30803 761 5 the the DT 30803 761 6 monasteries monastery NNS 30803 761 7 had have VBD 30803 761 8 libraries library NNS 30803 761 9 ? ? . 30803 762 1 53 53 CD 30803 762 2 . . . 30803 763 1 What what WP 30803 763 2 had have VBD 30803 763 3 the the DT 30803 763 4 universities university NNS 30803 763 5 to to TO 30803 763 6 do do VB 30803 763 7 with with IN 30803 763 8 the the DT 30803 763 9 growth growth NN 30803 763 10 of of IN 30803 763 11 libraries library NNS 30803 763 12 ? ? . 30803 764 1 54 54 CD 30803 764 2 . . . 30803 765 1 What what WP 30803 765 2 did do VBD 30803 765 3 the the DT 30803 765 4 universities university NNS 30803 765 5 do do VB 30803 765 6 to to TO 30803 765 7 secure secure VB 30803 765 8 the the DT 30803 765 9 multiplication multiplication NN 30803 765 10 of of IN 30803 765 11 books book NNS 30803 765 12 and and CC 30803 765 13 the the DT 30803 765 14 correctness correctness NN 30803 765 15 of of IN 30803 765 16 copies copy NNS 30803 765 17 ? ? . 30803 766 1 55 55 CD 30803 766 2 . . . 30803 767 1 How how WRB 30803 767 2 old old JJ 30803 767 3 is be VBZ 30803 767 4 the the DT 30803 767 5 practice practice NN 30803 767 6 of of IN 30803 767 7 marking mark VBG 30803 767 8 letters letter NNS 30803 767 9 or or CC 30803 767 10 words word NNS 30803 767 11 by by IN 30803 767 12 some some DT 30803 767 13 sort sort NN 30803 767 14 of of IN 30803 767 15 stamp stamp NN 30803 767 16 ? ? . 30803 768 1 56 56 CD 30803 768 2 . . . 30803 769 1 What what WP 30803 769 2 early early JJ 30803 769 3 experiments experiment NNS 30803 769 4 did do VBD 30803 769 5 the the DT 30803 769 6 Chinese Chinese NNPS 30803 769 7 make make VB 30803 769 8 in in IN 30803 769 9 printing printing NN 30803 769 10 ? ? . 30803 770 1 57 57 CD 30803 770 2 . . . 30803 771 1 Did do VBD 30803 771 2 these these DT 30803 771 3 experiments experiment NNS 30803 771 4 have have VB 30803 771 5 any any DT 30803 771 6 effect effect NN 30803 771 7 in in IN 30803 771 8 Europe Europe NNP 30803 771 9 ? ? . 30803 772 1 58 58 CD 30803 772 2 . . . 30803 773 1 What what WP 30803 773 2 is be VBZ 30803 773 3 a a DT 30803 773 4 block block NN 30803 773 5 book book NN 30803 773 6 ? ? . 30803 774 1 59 59 CD 30803 774 2 . . . 30803 775 1 When when WRB 30803 775 2 were be VBD 30803 775 3 block block NN 30803 775 4 books book NNS 30803 775 5 first first RB 30803 775 6 made make VBN 30803 775 7 , , , 30803 775 8 and and CC 30803 775 9 why why WRB 30803 775 10 ? ? . 30803 776 1 60 60 CD 30803 776 2 . . . 30803 777 1 Describe describe VB 30803 777 2 some some DT 30803 777 3 famous famous JJ 30803 777 4 block block NN 30803 777 5 books book NNS 30803 777 6 . . . 30803 778 1 61 61 CD 30803 778 2 . . . 30803 779 1 Describe describe VB 30803 779 2 the the DT 30803 779 3 process process NN 30803 779 4 of of IN 30803 779 5 making make VBG 30803 779 6 a a DT 30803 779 7 block block NN 30803 779 8 book book NN 30803 779 9 . . . 30803 780 1 62 62 CD 30803 780 2 . . . 30803 781 1 What what WP 30803 781 2 determined determine VBD 30803 781 3 the the DT 30803 781 4 form form NN 30803 781 5 of of IN 30803 781 6 the the DT 30803 781 7 letters letter NNS 30803 781 8 composing compose VBG 30803 781 9 the the DT 30803 781 10 text text NN 30803 781 11 of of IN 30803 781 12 block block NN 30803 781 13 books book NNS 30803 781 14 ? ? . 30803 782 1 63 63 CD 30803 782 2 . . . 30803 783 1 Describe describe VB 30803 783 2 the the DT 30803 783 3 four four CD 30803 783 4 types type NNS 30803 783 5 of of IN 30803 783 6 handwriting handwriting NN 30803 783 7 and and CC 30803 783 8 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 783 9 principal principal JJ 30803 783 10 varieties variety NNS 30803 783 11 . . . 30803 784 1 64 64 CD 30803 784 2 . . . 30803 785 1 Tell tell VB 30803 785 2 how how WRB 30803 785 3 and and CC 30803 785 4 why why WRB 30803 785 5 the the DT 30803 785 6 first first JJ 30803 785 7 half half NN 30803 785 8 of of IN 30803 785 9 the the DT 30803 785 10 15th 15th JJ 30803 785 11 century century NN 30803 785 12 was be VBD 30803 785 13 ready ready JJ 30803 785 14 for for IN 30803 785 15 the the DT 30803 785 16 invention invention NN 30803 785 17 of of IN 30803 785 18 typography typography NN 30803 785 19 . . . 30803 786 1 TYPOGRAPHIC typographic NN 30803 786 2 TECHNICAL technical NN 30803 786 3 SERIES serie NNS 30803 786 4 FOR for IN 30803 786 5 APPRENTICES apprentice NNS 30803 786 6 The the DT 30803 786 7 following follow VBG 30803 786 8 list list NN 30803 786 9 of of IN 30803 786 10 publications publication NNS 30803 786 11 , , , 30803 786 12 comprising comprise VBG 30803 786 13 the the DT 30803 786 14 TYPOGRAPHIC TYPOGRAPHIC NNP 30803 786 15 TECHNICAL technical NN 30803 786 16 SERIES serie NNS 30803 786 17 FOR for IN 30803 786 18 APPRENTICES apprentices NN 30803 786 19 , , , 30803 786 20 has have VBZ 30803 786 21 been be VBN 30803 786 22 prepared prepare VBN 30803 786 23 under under IN 30803 786 24 the the DT 30803 786 25 supervision supervision NN 30803 786 26 of of IN 30803 786 27 the the DT 30803 786 28 Committee Committee NNP 30803 786 29 on on IN 30803 786 30 Education Education NNP 30803 786 31 of of IN 30803 786 32 the the DT 30803 786 33 United United NNP 30803 786 34 Typothetae Typothetae NNP 30803 786 35 of of IN 30803 786 36 America America NNP 30803 786 37 for for IN 30803 786 38 use use NN 30803 786 39 in in IN 30803 786 40 trade trade NN 30803 786 41 classes class NNS 30803 786 42 , , , 30803 786 43 in in IN 30803 786 44 course course NN 30803 786 45 of of IN 30803 786 46 printing print VBG 30803 786 47 instruction instruction NN 30803 786 48 , , , 30803 786 49 and and CC 30803 786 50 by by IN 30803 786 51 individuals individual NNS 30803 786 52 . . . 30803 787 1 Each each DT 30803 787 2 publication publication NN 30803 787 3 has have VBZ 30803 787 4 been be VBN 30803 787 5 compiled compile VBN 30803 787 6 by by IN 30803 787 7 a a DT 30803 787 8 competent competent JJ 30803 787 9 author author NN 30803 787 10 or or CC 30803 787 11 group group NN 30803 787 12 of of IN 30803 787 13 authors author NNS 30803 787 14 , , , 30803 787 15 and and CC 30803 787 16 carefully carefully RB 30803 787 17 edited edit VBN 30803 787 18 , , , 30803 787 19 the the DT 30803 787 20 purpose purpose NN 30803 787 21 being be VBG 30803 787 22 to to TO 30803 787 23 provide provide VB 30803 787 24 the the DT 30803 787 25 printers printer NNS 30803 787 26 of of IN 30803 787 27 the the DT 30803 787 28 United United NNP 30803 787 29 States States NNP 30803 787 30 -- -- : 30803 787 31 employers employer NNS 30803 787 32 , , , 30803 787 33 journeymen journeyman NNS 30803 787 34 , , , 30803 787 35 and and CC 30803 787 36 apprentices apprentice NNS 30803 787 37 -- -- : 30803 787 38 with with IN 30803 787 39 a a DT 30803 787 40 comprehensive comprehensive JJ 30803 787 41 series series NN 30803 787 42 of of IN 30803 787 43 handy handy JJ 30803 787 44 and and CC 30803 787 45 inexpensive inexpensive JJ 30803 787 46 compendiums compendium NNS 30803 787 47 of of IN 30803 787 48 reliable reliable JJ 30803 787 49 , , , 30803 787 50 up up RB 30803 787 51 - - HYPH 30803 787 52 to to IN 30803 787 53 - - HYPH 30803 787 54 date date NN 30803 787 55 information information NN 30803 787 56 upon upon IN 30803 787 57 the the DT 30803 787 58 various various JJ 30803 787 59 branches branch NNS 30803 787 60 and and CC 30803 787 61 specialties specialty NNS 30803 787 62 of of IN 30803 787 63 the the DT 30803 787 64 printing printing NN 30803 787 65 craft craft NN 30803 787 66 , , , 30803 787 67 all all DT 30803 787 68 arranged arrange VBN 30803 787 69 in in IN 30803 787 70 orderly orderly JJ 30803 787 71 fashion fashion NN 30803 787 72 for for IN 30803 787 73 progressive progressive JJ 30803 787 74 study study NN 30803 787 75 . . . 30803 788 1 The the DT 30803 788 2 publications publication NNS 30803 788 3 of of IN 30803 788 4 the the DT 30803 788 5 series series NN 30803 788 6 are be VBP 30803 788 7 of of IN 30803 788 8 uniform uniform JJ 30803 788 9 size size NN 30803 788 10 , , , 30803 788 11 5 5 CD 30803 788 12 x x SYM 30803 788 13 8 8 CD 30803 788 14 inches inch NNS 30803 788 15 . . . 30803 789 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 789 2 general general JJ 30803 789 3 make make NN 30803 789 4 - - HYPH 30803 789 5 up up NN 30803 789 6 , , , 30803 789 7 in in IN 30803 789 8 typography typography NN 30803 789 9 , , , 30803 789 10 illustrations illustration NNS 30803 789 11 , , , 30803 789 12 etc etc FW 30803 789 13 . . . 30803 789 14 , , , 30803 789 15 has have VBZ 30803 789 16 been be VBN 30803 789 17 , , , 30803 789 18 as as RB 30803 789 19 far far RB 30803 789 20 as as IN 30803 789 21 practicable practicable JJ 30803 789 22 , , , 30803 789 23 kept keep VBN 30803 789 24 in in IN 30803 789 25 harmony harmony NN 30803 789 26 throughout throughout IN 30803 789 27 . . . 30803 790 1 A a DT 30803 790 2 brief brief JJ 30803 790 3 synopsis synopsis NN 30803 790 4 of of IN 30803 790 5 the the DT 30803 790 6 particular particular JJ 30803 790 7 contents content NNS 30803 790 8 and and CC 30803 790 9 other other JJ 30803 790 10 chief chief JJ 30803 790 11 features feature NNS 30803 790 12 of of IN 30803 790 13 each each DT 30803 790 14 volume volume NN 30803 790 15 will will MD 30803 790 16 be be VB 30803 790 17 found find VBN 30803 790 18 under under IN 30803 790 19 each each DT 30803 790 20 title title NN 30803 790 21 in in IN 30803 790 22 the the DT 30803 790 23 following follow VBG 30803 790 24 list list NN 30803 790 25 . . . 30803 791 1 Each each DT 30803 791 2 topic topic NN 30803 791 3 is be VBZ 30803 791 4 treated treat VBN 30803 791 5 in in IN 30803 791 6 a a DT 30803 791 7 concise concise JJ 30803 791 8 manner manner NN 30803 791 9 , , , 30803 791 10 the the DT 30803 791 11 aim aim NN 30803 791 12 being be VBG 30803 791 13 to to TO 30803 791 14 embody embody VB 30803 791 15 in in IN 30803 791 16 each each DT 30803 791 17 publication publication NN 30803 791 18 as as RB 30803 791 19 completely completely RB 30803 791 20 as as IN 30803 791 21 possible possible JJ 30803 791 22 all all PDT 30803 791 23 the the DT 30803 791 24 rudimentary rudimentary JJ 30803 791 25 information information NN 30803 791 26 and and CC 30803 791 27 essential essential JJ 30803 791 28 facts fact NNS 30803 791 29 necessary necessary JJ 30803 791 30 to to IN 30803 791 31 an an DT 30803 791 32 understanding understanding NN 30803 791 33 of of IN 30803 791 34 the the DT 30803 791 35 subject subject NN 30803 791 36 . . . 30803 792 1 Care care NN 30803 792 2 has have VBZ 30803 792 3 been be VBN 30803 792 4 taken take VBN 30803 792 5 to to TO 30803 792 6 make make VB 30803 792 7 all all DT 30803 792 8 statements statement NNS 30803 792 9 accurate accurate JJ 30803 792 10 and and CC 30803 792 11 clear clear JJ 30803 792 12 , , , 30803 792 13 with with IN 30803 792 14 the the DT 30803 792 15 purpose purpose NN 30803 792 16 of of IN 30803 792 17 bringing bring VBG 30803 792 18 essential essential JJ 30803 792 19 information information NN 30803 792 20 within within IN 30803 792 21 the the DT 30803 792 22 understanding understanding NN 30803 792 23 of of IN 30803 792 24 beginners beginner NNS 30803 792 25 in in IN 30803 792 26 the the DT 30803 792 27 different different JJ 30803 792 28 fields field NNS 30803 792 29 of of IN 30803 792 30 study study NN 30803 792 31 . . . 30803 793 1 Wherever wherever WRB 30803 793 2 practicable practicable JJ 30803 793 3 , , , 30803 793 4 simple simple JJ 30803 793 5 and and CC 30803 793 6 well well RB 30803 793 7 - - HYPH 30803 793 8 defined define VBN 30803 793 9 drawings drawing NNS 30803 793 10 and and CC 30803 793 11 illustrations illustration NNS 30803 793 12 have have VBP 30803 793 13 been be VBN 30803 793 14 used use VBN 30803 793 15 to to TO 30803 793 16 assist assist VB 30803 793 17 in in IN 30803 793 18 giving give VBG 30803 793 19 additional additional JJ 30803 793 20 clearness clearness NN 30803 793 21 to to IN 30803 793 22 the the DT 30803 793 23 text text NN 30803 793 24 . . . 30803 794 1 In in IN 30803 794 2 order order NN 30803 794 3 that that IN 30803 794 4 the the DT 30803 794 5 pamphlets pamphlet NNS 30803 794 6 may may MD 30803 794 7 be be VB 30803 794 8 of of IN 30803 794 9 the the DT 30803 794 10 greatest great JJS 30803 794 11 possible possible JJ 30803 794 12 help help NN 30803 794 13 for for IN 30803 794 14 use use NN 30803 794 15 in in IN 30803 794 16 trade trade NN 30803 794 17 - - HYPH 30803 794 18 school school NN 30803 794 19 classes class NNS 30803 794 20 and and CC 30803 794 21 for for IN 30803 794 22 self self NN 30803 794 23 - - HYPH 30803 794 24 instruction instruction NN 30803 794 25 , , , 30803 794 26 each each DT 30803 794 27 title title NN 30803 794 28 is be VBZ 30803 794 29 accompanied accompany VBN 30803 794 30 by by IN 30803 794 31 a a DT 30803 794 32 list list NN 30803 794 33 of of IN 30803 794 34 Review Review NNP 30803 794 35 Questions Questions NNP 30803 794 36 covering cover VBG 30803 794 37 essential essential JJ 30803 794 38 items item NNS 30803 794 39 of of IN 30803 794 40 the the DT 30803 794 41 subject subject JJ 30803 794 42 matter matter NN 30803 794 43 . . . 30803 795 1 A a DT 30803 795 2 short short JJ 30803 795 3 Glossary Glossary NNP 30803 795 4 of of IN 30803 795 5 technical technical JJ 30803 795 6 terms term NNS 30803 795 7 belonging belong VBG 30803 795 8 to to IN 30803 795 9 the the DT 30803 795 10 subject subject NN 30803 795 11 or or CC 30803 795 12 department department NN 30803 795 13 treated treat VBN 30803 795 14 is be VBZ 30803 795 15 also also RB 30803 795 16 added add VBN 30803 795 17 to to IN 30803 795 18 many many JJ 30803 795 19 of of IN 30803 795 20 the the DT 30803 795 21 books book NNS 30803 795 22 . . . 30803 796 1 These these DT 30803 796 2 are be VBP 30803 796 3 the the DT 30803 796 4 Official Official NNP 30803 796 5 Text Text NNP 30803 796 6 - - HYPH 30803 796 7 books book NNS 30803 796 8 of of IN 30803 796 9 the the DT 30803 796 10 United United NNP 30803 796 11 Typothetae Typothetae NNP 30803 796 12 of of IN 30803 796 13 America America NNP 30803 796 14 . . . 30803 797 1 Address address VB 30803 797 2 all all DT 30803 797 3 orders order NNS 30803 797 4 and and CC 30803 797 5 inquiries inquiry NNS 30803 797 6 to to IN 30803 797 7 COMMITTEE COMMITTEE NNP 30803 797 8 ON on IN 30803 797 9 EDUCATION EDUCATION NNP 30803 797 10 , , , 30803 797 11 UNITED UNITED NNP 30803 797 12 TYPOTHETAE TYPOTHETAE NNP 30803 797 13 OF of IN 30803 797 14 AMERICA AMERICA NNP 30803 797 15 , , , 30803 797 16 CHICAGO CHICAGO NNP 30803 797 17 , , , 30803 797 18 ILLINOIS ILLINOIS NNP 30803 797 19 , , , 30803 797 20 U. U. NNP 30803 797 21 S. S. NNP 30803 797 22 A. a. NN 30803 798 1 PART PART NNP 30803 798 2 I--_Types I--_Types NNP 30803 798 3 , , , 30803 798 4 Tools Tools NNP 30803 798 5 , , , 30803 798 6 Machines Machines NNPS 30803 798 7 , , , 30803 798 8 and and CC 30803 798 9 Materials Materials NNPS 30803 798 10 _ _ NNP 30803 798 11 1 1 CD 30803 798 12 . . . 30803 799 1 + + CC 30803 799 2 Type type NN 30803 799 3 : : : 30803 799 4 a a DT 30803 799 5 Primer Primer NNP 30803 799 6 of of IN 30803 799 7 Information+ Information+ . 30803 799 8 By by IN 30803 799 9 A. a. NN 30803 800 1 A. A. NNP 30803 800 2 Stewart Stewart NNP 30803 800 3 Relating relate VBG 30803 800 4 to to IN 30803 800 5 the the DT 30803 800 6 mechanical mechanical JJ 30803 800 7 features feature NNS 30803 800 8 of of IN 30803 800 9 printing print VBG 30803 800 10 types type NNS 30803 800 11 ; ; : 30803 800 12 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 800 13 sizes size NNS 30803 800 14 , , , 30803 800 15 font font NN 30803 800 16 schemes scheme NNS 30803 800 17 , , , 30803 800 18 etc etc FW 30803 800 19 . . FW 30803 800 20 , , , 30803 800 21 with with IN 30803 800 22 a a DT 30803 800 23 brief brief JJ 30803 800 24 description description NN 30803 800 25 of of IN 30803 800 26 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 800 27 manufacture manufacture NN 30803 800 28 . . . 30803 801 1 44 44 CD 30803 801 2 pp pp NNS 30803 801 3 . . . 30803 802 1 ; ; : 30803 802 2 illustrated illustrate VBN 30803 802 3 ; ; : 30803 802 4 74 74 CD 30803 802 5 review review NN 30803 802 6 questions question NNS 30803 802 7 ; ; , 30803 802 8 glossary glossary NN 30803 802 9 . . . 30803 803 1 2 2 LS 30803 803 2 . . . 30803 804 1 + + NFP 30803 804 2 Compositors Compositors NNPS 30803 804 3 ' ' POS 30803 804 4 Tools tool NNS 30803 804 5 and and CC 30803 804 6 Materials+ Materials+ NNP 30803 804 7 By by IN 30803 804 8 A. a. NN 30803 805 1 A. A. NNP 30803 805 2 Stewart Stewart NNP 30803 805 3 A A NNP 30803 805 4 primer primer NN 30803 805 5 of of IN 30803 805 6 information information NN 30803 805 7 about about IN 30803 805 8 composing composing JJ 30803 805 9 sticks stick NNS 30803 805 10 , , , 30803 805 11 galleys galley NNS 30803 805 12 , , , 30803 805 13 leads lead NNS 30803 805 14 , , , 30803 805 15 brass brass NN 30803 805 16 rules rule NNS 30803 805 17 , , , 30803 805 18 cutting cut VBG 30803 805 19 and and CC 30803 805 20 mitering mitering NN 30803 805 21 machines machine NNS 30803 805 22 , , , 30803 805 23 etc etc FW 30803 805 24 . . . 30803 806 1 47 47 CD 30803 806 2 pp pp NNP 30803 806 3 . . . 30803 807 1 ; ; : 30803 807 2 illustrated illustrate VBN 30803 807 3 ; ; : 30803 807 4 50 50 CD 30803 807 5 review review NN 30803 807 6 questions question NNS 30803 807 7 ; ; , 30803 807 8 glossary glossary NN 30803 807 9 . . . 30803 808 1 3 3 LS 30803 808 2 . . . 30803 809 1 + + NFP 30803 809 2 Type type NN 30803 809 3 Cases case NNS 30803 809 4 , , , 30803 809 5 Composing Composing NNP 30803 809 6 Room Room NNP 30803 809 7 Furniture+ Furniture+ NNP 30803 809 8 By by IN 30803 809 9 A. a. NN 30803 810 1 A. A. NNP 30803 810 2 Stewart Stewart NNP 30803 810 3 A A NNP 30803 810 4 primer primer NN 30803 810 5 of of IN 30803 810 6 information information NN 30803 810 7 about about IN 30803 810 8 type type NN 30803 810 9 cases case NNS 30803 810 10 , , , 30803 810 11 work work NN 30803 810 12 stands stand NNS 30803 810 13 , , , 30803 810 14 cabinets cabinet NNS 30803 810 15 , , , 30803 810 16 case case NN 30803 810 17 racks rack NNS 30803 810 18 , , , 30803 810 19 galley galley NN 30803 810 20 racks rack NNS 30803 810 21 , , , 30803 810 22 standing standing NN 30803 810 23 galleys galley NNS 30803 810 24 , , , 30803 810 25 etc etc FW 30803 810 26 . . . 30803 811 1 43 43 CD 30803 811 2 pp pp NNP 30803 811 3 . . . 30803 812 1 ; ; : 30803 812 2 illustrated illustrate VBN 30803 812 3 ; ; : 30803 812 4 33 33 CD 30803 812 5 review review NN 30803 812 6 questions question NNS 30803 812 7 ; ; , 30803 812 8 glossary glossary NN 30803 812 9 . . . 30803 813 1 4 4 LS 30803 813 2 . . . 30803 814 1 + + NFP 30803 814 2 Imposing Imposing NNP 30803 814 3 Tables Tables NNPS 30803 814 4 and and CC 30803 814 5 Lock lock NN 30803 814 6 - - HYPH 30803 814 7 up up RP 30803 814 8 Appliances+ Appliances+ NNP 30803 814 9 By by IN 30803 814 10 A. a. NN 30803 815 1 A. A. NNP 30803 815 2 Stewart Stewart NNP 30803 815 3 Describing describe VBG 30803 815 4 the the DT 30803 815 5 tools tool NNS 30803 815 6 and and CC 30803 815 7 materials material NNS 30803 815 8 used use VBN 30803 815 9 in in IN 30803 815 10 locking lock VBG 30803 815 11 up up RP 30803 815 12 forms form NNS 30803 815 13 for for IN 30803 815 14 the the DT 30803 815 15 press press NN 30803 815 16 , , , 30803 815 17 including include VBG 30803 815 18 some some DT 30803 815 19 modern modern JJ 30803 815 20 utilities utility NNS 30803 815 21 for for IN 30803 815 22 special special JJ 30803 815 23 purposes purpose NNS 30803 815 24 . . . 30803 816 1 59 59 CD 30803 816 2 pp pp NNP 30803 816 3 . . . 30803 817 1 ; ; : 30803 817 2 illustrated illustrate VBN 30803 817 3 ; ; : 30803 817 4 70 70 CD 30803 817 5 review review NN 30803 817 6 questions question NNS 30803 817 7 ; ; , 30803 817 8 glossary glossary NN 30803 817 9 . . . 30803 818 1 5 5 CD 30803 818 2 . . . 30803 819 1 + + NFP 30803 819 2 Proof Proof NNP 30803 819 3 Presses+ Presses+ NNP 30803 819 4 By by IN 30803 819 5 A. a. NN 30803 820 1 A. A. NNP 30803 820 2 Stewart Stewart NNP 30803 820 3 A A NNP 30803 820 4 primer primer NN 30803 820 5 of of IN 30803 820 6 information information NN 30803 820 7 about about IN 30803 820 8 the the DT 30803 820 9 customary customary JJ 30803 820 10 methods method NNS 30803 820 11 and and CC 30803 820 12 machines machine NNS 30803 820 13 for for IN 30803 820 14 taking take VBG 30803 820 15 printers printer NNS 30803 820 16 ' ' POS 30803 820 17 proofs proof NNS 30803 820 18 . . . 30803 821 1 40 40 CD 30803 821 2 pp pp NN 30803 821 3 . . . 30803 822 1 ; ; : 30803 822 2 illustrated illustrate VBN 30803 822 3 ; ; : 30803 822 4 41 41 CD 30803 822 5 review review NN 30803 822 6 questions question NNS 30803 822 7 ; ; , 30803 822 8 glossary glossary NN 30803 822 9 . . . 30803 823 1 6 6 CD 30803 823 2 . . . 30803 824 1 + + NFP 30803 824 2 Platen Platen NNP 30803 824 3 Printing printing NN 30803 824 4 Presses+ Presses+ NNP 30803 824 5 By by IN 30803 824 6 Daniel Daniel NNP 30803 824 7 Baker Baker NNP 30803 824 8 A A NNP 30803 824 9 primer primer NN 30803 824 10 of of IN 30803 824 11 information information NN 30803 824 12 regarding regard VBG 30803 824 13 the the DT 30803 824 14 history history NN 30803 824 15 and and CC 30803 824 16 mechanical mechanical JJ 30803 824 17 construction construction NN 30803 824 18 of of IN 30803 824 19 platen platen VBN 30803 824 20 printing printing NN 30803 824 21 presses press NNS 30803 824 22 , , , 30803 824 23 from from IN 30803 824 24 the the DT 30803 824 25 original original JJ 30803 824 26 hand hand NN 30803 824 27 press press NN 30803 824 28 to to IN 30803 824 29 the the DT 30803 824 30 modern modern JJ 30803 824 31 job job NN 30803 824 32 press press NN 30803 824 33 , , , 30803 824 34 to to TO 30803 824 35 which which WDT 30803 824 36 is be VBZ 30803 824 37 added add VBN 30803 824 38 a a DT 30803 824 39 chapter chapter NN 30803 824 40 on on IN 30803 824 41 automatic automatic JJ 30803 824 42 presses press NNS 30803 824 43 of of IN 30803 824 44 small small JJ 30803 824 45 size size NN 30803 824 46 . . . 30803 825 1 51 51 CD 30803 825 2 pp pp NNP 30803 825 3 . . . 30803 826 1 ; ; : 30803 826 2 illustrated illustrate VBN 30803 826 3 ; ; : 30803 826 4 49 49 CD 30803 826 5 review review NN 30803 826 6 questions question NNS 30803 826 7 ; ; , 30803 826 8 glossary glossary NN 30803 826 9 . . . 30803 827 1 7 7 LS 30803 827 2 . . . 30803 828 1 + + NFP 30803 828 2 Cylinder Cylinder NNP 30803 828 3 Printing Printing NNP 30803 828 4 Presses+ Presses+ NNP 30803 828 5 By by IN 30803 828 6 Herbert Herbert NNP 30803 828 7 L. L. NNP 30803 828 8 Baker Baker NNP 30803 828 9 Being be VBG 30803 828 10 a a DT 30803 828 11 study study NN 30803 828 12 of of IN 30803 828 13 the the DT 30803 828 14 mechanism mechanism NN 30803 828 15 and and CC 30803 828 16 operation operation NN 30803 828 17 of of IN 30803 828 18 the the DT 30803 828 19 principal principal JJ 30803 828 20 types type NNS 30803 828 21 of of IN 30803 828 22 cylinder cylinder NN 30803 828 23 printing printing NN 30803 828 24 machines machine NNS 30803 828 25 . . . 30803 829 1 64 64 CD 30803 829 2 pp pp NNS 30803 829 3 . . . 30803 830 1 ; ; : 30803 830 2 illustrated illustrate VBN 30803 830 3 ; ; : 30803 830 4 47 47 CD 30803 830 5 review review NN 30803 830 6 questions question NNS 30803 830 7 ; ; , 30803 830 8 glossary glossary NN 30803 830 9 . . . 30803 831 1 8 8 LS 30803 831 2 . . . 30803 832 1 + + DT 30803 832 2 Mechanical Mechanical NNP 30803 832 3 Feeders Feeders NNPS 30803 832 4 and and CC 30803 832 5 Folders+ Folders+ NNP 30803 832 6 By by IN 30803 832 7 William William NNP 30803 832 8 E. E. NNP 30803 832 9 Spurrier Spurrier NNP 30803 832 10 The the DT 30803 832 11 history history NN 30803 832 12 and and CC 30803 832 13 operation operation NN 30803 832 14 of of IN 30803 832 15 modern modern JJ 30803 832 16 feeding feeding NN 30803 832 17 and and CC 30803 832 18 folding fold VBG 30803 832 19 machines machine NNS 30803 832 20 ; ; : 30803 832 21 with with IN 30803 832 22 hints hint NNS 30803 832 23 on on IN 30803 832 24 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 832 25 care care NN 30803 832 26 and and CC 30803 832 27 adjustments adjustment NNS 30803 832 28 . . . 30803 833 1 Illustrated illustrate VBN 30803 833 2 ; ; : 30803 833 3 review review NN 30803 833 4 questions question NNS 30803 833 5 ; ; , 30803 833 6 glossary glossary NN 30803 833 7 . . . 30803 834 1 9 9 CD 30803 834 2 . . . 30803 835 1 + + SYM 30803 835 2 Power Power NNP 30803 835 3 for for IN 30803 835 4 Machinery Machinery NNP 30803 835 5 in in IN 30803 835 6 Printing print VBG 30803 835 7 Houses+ Houses+ NNP 30803 835 8 By by IN 30803 835 9 Carl Carl NNP 30803 835 10 F. F. NNP 30803 835 11 Scott Scott NNP 30803 835 12 A A NNP 30803 835 13 treatise treatise NN 30803 835 14 on on IN 30803 835 15 the the DT 30803 835 16 methods method NNS 30803 835 17 of of IN 30803 835 18 applying apply VBG 30803 835 19 power power NN 30803 835 20 to to IN 30803 835 21 printing print VBG 30803 835 22 presses press NNS 30803 835 23 and and CC 30803 835 24 allied ally VBN 30803 835 25 machinery machinery NN 30803 835 26 with with IN 30803 835 27 particular particular JJ 30803 835 28 reference reference NN 30803 835 29 to to IN 30803 835 30 electric electric JJ 30803 835 31 drive drive NN 30803 835 32 . . . 30803 836 1 53 53 CD 30803 836 2 pp pp NNP 30803 836 3 . . . 30803 837 1 ; ; : 30803 837 2 illustrated illustrate VBN 30803 837 3 ; ; : 30803 837 4 69 69 CD 30803 837 5 review review NN 30803 837 6 questions question NNS 30803 837 7 ; ; , 30803 837 8 glossary glossary NN 30803 837 9 . . . 30803 838 1 10 10 CD 30803 838 2 . . . 30803 839 1 + + NFP 30803 839 2 Paper paper NN 30803 839 3 Cutting Cutting NNP 30803 839 4 Machines+ Machines+ NNP 30803 839 5 By by IN 30803 839 6 Niel Niel NNP 30803 839 7 Gray Gray NNP 30803 839 8 , , , 30803 839 9 Jr. Jr. NNP 30803 839 10 A A NNP 30803 839 11 primer primer NN 30803 839 12 of of IN 30803 839 13 information information NN 30803 839 14 about about IN 30803 839 15 paper paper NN 30803 839 16 and and CC 30803 839 17 card card NN 30803 839 18 trimmers trimmer NNS 30803 839 19 , , , 30803 839 20 hand hand NN 30803 839 21 - - HYPH 30803 839 22 lever lever NN 30803 839 23 cutters cutter NNS 30803 839 24 , , , 30803 839 25 power power NN 30803 839 26 cutters cutter NNS 30803 839 27 , , , 30803 839 28 and and CC 30803 839 29 other other JJ 30803 839 30 automatic automatic JJ 30803 839 31 machines machine NNS 30803 839 32 for for IN 30803 839 33 cutting cut VBG 30803 839 34 paper paper NN 30803 839 35 . . . 30803 840 1 70 70 CD 30803 840 2 pp pp NNP 30803 840 3 . . . 30803 841 1 ; ; : 30803 841 2 illustrated illustrate VBN 30803 841 3 ; ; : 30803 841 4 115 115 CD 30803 841 5 review review NN 30803 841 6 questions question NNS 30803 841 7 ; ; , 30803 841 8 glossary glossary NN 30803 841 9 . . . 30803 842 1 11 11 CD 30803 842 2 . . . 30803 843 1 + + SYM 30803 843 2 Printers printer NNS 30803 843 3 ' ' POS 30803 843 4 Rollers+ Rollers+ . 30803 843 5 By by IN 30803 843 6 A. a. NN 30803 844 1 A. A. NNP 30803 844 2 Stewart Stewart NNP 30803 844 3 A A NNP 30803 844 4 primer primer NN 30803 844 5 of of IN 30803 844 6 information information NN 30803 844 7 about about IN 30803 844 8 the the DT 30803 844 9 composition composition NN 30803 844 10 , , , 30803 844 11 manufacture manufacture NN 30803 844 12 , , , 30803 844 13 and and CC 30803 844 14 care care NN 30803 844 15 of of IN 30803 844 16 inking ink VBG 30803 844 17 rollers roller NNS 30803 844 18 . . . 30803 845 1 46 46 CD 30803 845 2 pp pp NNP 30803 845 3 . . . 30803 846 1 ; ; : 30803 846 2 illustrated illustrate VBN 30803 846 3 ; ; : 30803 846 4 61 61 CD 30803 846 5 review review NN 30803 846 6 questions question NNS 30803 846 7 ; ; , 30803 846 8 glossary glossary NN 30803 846 9 . . . 30803 847 1 12 12 CD 30803 847 2 . . . 30803 848 1 + + CC 30803 848 2 Printing print VBG 30803 848 3 Inks+ inks+ NN 30803 848 4 By by IN 30803 848 5 Philip Philip NNP 30803 848 6 Ruxton Ruxton NNP 30803 848 7 Their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 848 8 composition composition NN 30803 848 9 , , , 30803 848 10 properties property NNS 30803 848 11 and and CC 30803 848 12 manufacture manufacture NN 30803 848 13 ( ( -LRB- 30803 848 14 reprinted reprint VBN 30803 848 15 by by IN 30803 848 16 permission permission NN 30803 848 17 from from IN 30803 848 18 Circular Circular NNP 30803 848 19 No no NN 30803 848 20 . . . 30803 849 1 53 53 CD 30803 849 2 , , , 30803 849 3 United United NNP 30803 849 4 States States NNP 30803 849 5 Bureau Bureau NNP 30803 849 6 of of IN 30803 849 7 Standards Standards NNPS 30803 849 8 ) ) -RRB- 30803 849 9 ; ; : 30803 849 10 together together RB 30803 849 11 with with IN 30803 849 12 some some DT 30803 849 13 helpful helpful JJ 30803 849 14 suggestions suggestion NNS 30803 849 15 about about IN 30803 849 16 the the DT 30803 849 17 everyday everyday JJ 30803 849 18 use use NN 30803 849 19 of of IN 30803 849 20 printing print VBG 30803 849 21 inks ink NNS 30803 849 22 by by IN 30803 849 23 Philip Philip NNP 30803 849 24 Ruxton Ruxton NNP 30803 849 25 . . . 30803 850 1 80 80 CD 30803 850 2 pp pp NNP 30803 850 3 . . . 30803 851 1 ; ; : 30803 851 2 100 100 CD 30803 851 3 review review NN 30803 851 4 questions question NNS 30803 851 5 ; ; , 30803 851 6 glossary glossary NN 30803 851 7 . . . 30803 852 1 13 13 CD 30803 852 2 . . . 30803 853 1 + + CC 30803 853 2 How how WRB 30803 853 3 Paper Paper NNP 30803 853 4 is be VBZ 30803 853 5 Made+ Made+ NNS 30803 853 6 By by IN 30803 853 7 William William NNP 30803 853 8 Bond Bond NNP 30803 853 9 Wheelwright Wheelwright NNP 30803 853 10 A a DT 30803 853 11 primer primer NN 30803 853 12 of of IN 30803 853 13 information information NN 30803 853 14 about about IN 30803 853 15 the the DT 30803 853 16 materials material NNS 30803 853 17 and and CC 30803 853 18 processes process NNS 30803 853 19 of of IN 30803 853 20 manufacturing manufacture VBG 30803 853 21 paper paper NN 30803 853 22 for for IN 30803 853 23 printing printing NN 30803 853 24 and and CC 30803 853 25 writing writing NN 30803 853 26 . . . 30803 854 1 68 68 CD 30803 854 2 pp pp NNP 30803 854 3 . . . 30803 855 1 ; ; : 30803 855 2 illustrated illustrate VBN 30803 855 3 ; ; : 30803 855 4 62 62 CD 30803 855 5 review review NN 30803 855 6 questions question NNS 30803 855 7 ; ; , 30803 855 8 glossary glossary NN 30803 855 9 . . . 30803 856 1 14 14 CD 30803 856 2 . . . 30803 857 1 + + NFP 30803 857 2 Relief relief NN 30803 857 3 Engravings+ Engravings+ . 30803 857 4 By by IN 30803 857 5 Joseph Joseph NNP 30803 857 6 P. P. NNP 30803 857 7 Donovan Donovan NNP 30803 857 8 Brief brief JJ 30803 857 9 history history NN 30803 857 10 and and CC 30803 857 11 non non JJ 30803 857 12 - - JJ 30803 857 13 technical technical JJ 30803 857 14 description description NN 30803 857 15 of of IN 30803 857 16 modern modern JJ 30803 857 17 methods method NNS 30803 857 18 of of IN 30803 857 19 engraving engrave VBG 30803 857 20 ; ; : 30803 857 21 woodcut woodcut NN 30803 857 22 , , , 30803 857 23 zinc zinc NN 30803 857 24 plate plate NN 30803 857 25 , , , 30803 857 26 halftone halftone NNP 30803 857 27 ; ; : 30803 857 28 kind kind RB 30803 857 29 of of IN 30803 857 30 copy copy NN 30803 857 31 for for IN 30803 857 32 reproduction reproduction NN 30803 857 33 ; ; : 30803 857 34 things thing NNS 30803 857 35 to to TO 30803 857 36 remember remember VB 30803 857 37 when when WRB 30803 857 38 ordering order VBG 30803 857 39 engravings engraving NNS 30803 857 40 . . . 30803 858 1 Illustrated illustrate VBN 30803 858 2 ; ; : 30803 858 3 review review NN 30803 858 4 questions question NNS 30803 858 5 ; ; , 30803 858 6 glossary glossary NN 30803 858 7 . . . 30803 859 1 15 15 CD 30803 859 2 . . . 30803 860 1 + + NFP 30803 860 2 Electrotyping Electrotyping NNP 30803 860 3 and and CC 30803 860 4 Stereotyping+ Stereotyping+ NNP 30803 860 5 By by IN 30803 860 6 Harris Harris NNP 30803 860 7 B. B. NNP 30803 860 8 Hatch Hatch NNP 30803 860 9 and and CC 30803 860 10 A. A. NNP 30803 861 1 A. A. NNP 30803 861 2 Stewart Stewart NNP 30803 861 3 A A NNP 30803 861 4 primer primer NN 30803 861 5 of of IN 30803 861 6 information information NN 30803 861 7 about about IN 30803 861 8 the the DT 30803 861 9 processes process NNS 30803 861 10 of of IN 30803 861 11 electrotyping electrotype VBG 30803 861 12 and and CC 30803 861 13 stereotyping stereotyping NN 30803 861 14 . . . 30803 862 1 94 94 CD 30803 862 2 pp pp NN 30803 862 3 . . . 30803 863 1 ; ; : 30803 863 2 illustrated illustrate VBN 30803 863 3 ; ; : 30803 863 4 129 129 CD 30803 863 5 review review NN 30803 863 6 questions question NNS 30803 863 7 ; ; , 30803 863 8 glossaries glossary NNS 30803 863 9 . . . 30803 864 1 PART PART NNP 30803 864 2 II--_Hand II--_Hand NNP 30803 864 3 and and CC 30803 864 4 Machine Machine NNP 30803 864 5 Composition Composition NNP 30803 864 6 _ _ NNP 30803 864 7 16 16 CD 30803 864 8 . . . 30803 865 1 + + NFP 30803 865 2 Typesetting+ typesetting+ ADD 30803 865 3 By by IN 30803 865 4 A. a. NN 30803 866 1 A. A. NNP 30803 866 2 Stewart Stewart NNP 30803 866 3 A A NNP 30803 866 4 handbook handbook NN 30803 866 5 for for IN 30803 866 6 beginners beginner NNS 30803 866 7 , , , 30803 866 8 giving give VBG 30803 866 9 information information NN 30803 866 10 about about IN 30803 866 11 justifying justifying NN 30803 866 12 , , , 30803 866 13 spacing space VBG 30803 866 14 , , , 30803 866 15 correcting correct VBG 30803 866 16 , , , 30803 866 17 and and CC 30803 866 18 other other JJ 30803 866 19 matters matter NNS 30803 866 20 relating relate VBG 30803 866 21 to to IN 30803 866 22 typesetting typesetting NN 30803 866 23 . . . 30803 867 1 Illustrated illustrate VBN 30803 867 2 ; ; : 30803 867 3 review review NN 30803 867 4 questions question NNS 30803 867 5 ; ; , 30803 867 6 glossary glossary NN 30803 867 7 . . . 30803 868 1 17 17 CD 30803 868 2 . . . 30803 869 1 + + SYM 30803 869 2 Printers printer NNS 30803 869 3 ' ' POS 30803 869 4 Proofs+ Proofs+ NNP 30803 869 5 By by IN 30803 869 6 A. a. NN 30803 870 1 A. A. NNP 30803 870 2 Stewart Stewart NNP 30803 870 3 The the DT 30803 870 4 methods method NNS 30803 870 5 by by IN 30803 870 6 which which WDT 30803 870 7 they -PRON- PRP 30803 870 8 are be VBP 30803 870 9 made make VBN 30803 870 10 , , , 30803 870 11 marked mark VBN 30803 870 12 , , , 30803 870 13 and and CC 30803 870 14 corrected correct VBN 30803 870 15 , , , 30803 870 16 with with IN 30803 870 17 observations observation NNS 30803 870 18 on on IN 30803 870 19 proofreading proofreading NN 30803 870 20 . . . 30803 871 1 Illustrated illustrate VBN 30803 871 2 ; ; : 30803 871 3 review review NN 30803 871 4 questions question NNS 30803 871 5 ; ; , 30803 871 6 glossary glossary NN 30803 871 7 . . . 30803 872 1 18 18 CD 30803 872 2 . . . 30803 873 1 + + DT 30803 873 2 First First NNP 30803 873 3 Steps Steps NNPS 30803 873 4 in in IN 30803 873 5 Job Job NNP 30803 873 6 Composition+ Composition+ . 30803 873 7 By by IN 30803 873 8 Camille Camille NNP 30803 873 9 DeVéze DeVéze NNP 30803 873 10 Suggestions Suggestions NNP 30803 873 11 for for IN 30803 873 12 the the DT 30803 873 13 apprentice apprentice NN 30803 873 14 compositor compositor NN 30803 873 15 in in IN 30803 873 16 setting set VBG 30803 873 17 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 873 18 first first JJ 30803 873 19 jobs job NNS 30803 873 20 , , , 30803 873 21 especially especially RB 30803 873 22 about about IN 30803 873 23 the the DT 30803 873 24 important important JJ 30803 873 25 little little JJ 30803 873 26 things thing NNS 30803 873 27 which which WDT 30803 873 28 go go VBP 30803 873 29 to to TO 30803 873 30 make make VB 30803 873 31 good good JJ 30803 873 32 display display NN 30803 873 33 in in IN 30803 873 34 typography typography NN 30803 873 35 . . . 30803 874 1 63 63 CD 30803 874 2 pp pp NNP 30803 874 3 . . . 30803 875 1 ; ; : 30803 875 2 examples example NNS 30803 875 3 ; ; : 30803 875 4 55 55 CD 30803 875 5 review review NN 30803 875 6 questions question NNS 30803 875 7 ; ; , 30803 875 8 glossary glossary NN 30803 875 9 . . . 30803 876 1 19 19 CD 30803 876 2 . . . 30803 877 1 + + NFP 30803 877 2 General General NNP 30803 877 3 Job Job NNP 30803 877 4 Composition+ Composition+ NNP 30803 877 5 How how WRB 30803 877 6 the the DT 30803 877 7 job job NN 30803 877 8 compositor compositor NN 30803 877 9 handles handle NNS 30803 877 10 business business NN 30803 877 11 stationery stationery NN 30803 877 12 , , , 30803 877 13 programs program NNS 30803 877 14 and and CC 30803 877 15 miscellaneous miscellaneous JJ 30803 877 16 work work NN 30803 877 17 . . . 30803 878 1 Illustrated illustrate VBN 30803 878 2 ; ; : 30803 878 3 review review NN 30803 878 4 questions question NNS 30803 878 5 ; ; , 30803 878 6 glossary glossary NN 30803 878 7 . . . 30803 879 1 20 20 CD 30803 879 2 . . . 30803 880 1 + + NFP 30803 880 2 Book Book NNP 30803 880 3 Composition+ Composition+ NNP 30803 880 4 By by IN 30803 880 5 J. J. NNP 30803 880 6 W. W. NNP 30803 880 7 Bothwell Bothwell NNP 30803 880 8 Chapters Chapters NNPS 30803 880 9 from from IN 30803 880 10 DeVinne DeVinne NNP 30803 880 11 's 's POS 30803 880 12 " " `` 30803 880 13 Modern modern JJ 30803 880 14 Methods Methods NNPS 30803 880 15 of of IN 30803 880 16 Book Book NNP 30803 880 17 Composition Composition NNP 30803 880 18 , , , 30803 880 19 " " '' 30803 880 20 revised revise VBN 30803 880 21 and and CC 30803 880 22 arranged arrange VBN 30803 880 23 for for IN 30803 880 24 this this DT 30803 880 25 series series NN 30803 880 26 of of IN 30803 880 27 text text NN 30803 880 28 - - HYPH 30803 880 29 books book NNS 30803 880 30 by by IN 30803 880 31 J. J. NNP 30803 880 32 W. W. NNP 30803 880 33 Bothwell Bothwell NNP 30803 880 34 of of IN 30803 880 35 The the DT 30803 880 36 DeVinne DeVinne NNP 30803 880 37 Press Press NNP 30803 880 38 , , , 30803 880 39 New New NNP 30803 880 40 York York NNP 30803 880 41 . . . 30803 881 1 Part part NN 30803 881 2 I -PRON- PRP 30803 881 3 : : : 30803 881 4 Composition composition NN 30803 881 5 of of IN 30803 881 6 pages page NNS 30803 881 7 . . . 30803 882 1 Part part NN 30803 882 2 II ii CD 30803 882 3 : : : 30803 882 4 Imposition imposition NN 30803 882 5 of of IN 30803 882 6 pages page NNS 30803 882 7 . . . 30803 883 1 229 229 CD 30803 883 2 pp pp NNP 30803 883 3 . . . 30803 884 1 ; ; : 30803 884 2 illustrated illustrate VBN 30803 884 3 ; ; : 30803 884 4 525 525 CD 30803 884 5 review review NN 30803 884 6 questions question NNS 30803 884 7 ; ; , 30803 884 8 glossary glossary NN 30803 884 9 . . . 30803 885 1 21 21 CD 30803 885 2 . . . 30803 886 1 + + CC 30803 886 2 Tabular Tabular NNP 30803 886 3 Composition+ Composition+ NNP 30803 886 4 By by IN 30803 886 5 Robert Robert NNP 30803 886 6 Seaver Seaver NNP 30803 886 7 A a DT 30803 886 8 study study NN 30803 886 9 of of IN 30803 886 10 the the DT 30803 886 11 elementary elementary JJ 30803 886 12 forms form NNS 30803 886 13 of of IN 30803 886 14 table table NN 30803 886 15 composition composition NN 30803 886 16 , , , 30803 886 17 with with IN 30803 886 18 examples example NNS 30803 886 19 of of IN 30803 886 20 more more RBR 30803 886 21 difficult difficult JJ 30803 886 22 composition composition NN 30803 886 23 . . . 30803 887 1 36 36 CD 30803 887 2 pp pp NNP 30803 887 3 . . . 30803 888 1 ; ; : 30803 888 2 examples example NNS 30803 888 3 ; ; : 30803 888 4 45 45 CD 30803 888 5 review review NN 30803 888 6 questions question NNS 30803 888 7 . . . 30803 889 1 22 22 CD 30803 889 2 . . . 30803 890 1 + + NFP 30803 890 2 Applied Applied NNP 30803 890 3 Arithmetic+ Arithmetic+ NNP 30803 890 4 By by IN 30803 890 5 E. E. NNP 30803 890 6 E. E. NNP 30803 890 7 Sheldon Sheldon NNP 30803 890 8 Elementary Elementary NNP 30803 890 9 arithmetic arithmetic RB 30803 890 10 applied apply VBD 30803 890 11 to to IN 30803 890 12 problems problem NNS 30803 890 13 of of IN 30803 890 14 the the DT 30803 890 15 printing print VBG 30803 890 16 trade trade NN 30803 890 17 , , , 30803 890 18 calculation calculation NN 30803 890 19 of of IN 30803 890 20 materials material NNS 30803 890 21 , , , 30803 890 22 paper paper NN 30803 890 23 weights weight NNS 30803 890 24 and and CC 30803 890 25 sizes size NNS 30803 890 26 , , , 30803 890 27 with with IN 30803 890 28 standard standard JJ 30803 890 29 tables table NNS 30803 890 30 and and CC 30803 890 31 rules rule NNS 30803 890 32 for for IN 30803 890 33 computation computation NN 30803 890 34 , , , 30803 890 35 each each DT 30803 890 36 subject subject NN 30803 890 37 amplified amplify VBD 30803 890 38 with with IN 30803 890 39 examples example NNS 30803 890 40 and and CC 30803 890 41 exercises exercise NNS 30803 890 42 . . . 30803 891 1 159 159 CD 30803 891 2 pp pp NN 30803 891 3 . . . 30803 892 1 23 23 CD 30803 892 2 . . . 30803 893 1 + + DT 30803 893 2 Typecasting Typecasting NNP 30803 893 3 and and CC 30803 893 4 Composing Composing NNP 30803 893 5 Machines+ Machines+ NNP 30803 893 6 A. a. NN 30803 893 7 W. W. NNP 30803 893 8 Finlay Finlay NNP 30803 893 9 , , , 30803 893 10 Editor Editor NNP 30803 893 11 Section Section NNP 30803 893 12 I -PRON- PRP 30803 893 13 -- -- : 30803 893 14 The the DT 30803 893 15 Linotype Linotype NNP 30803 893 16 By by IN 30803 893 17 L. L. NNP 30803 893 18 A. A. NNP 30803 893 19 Hornstein Hornstein NNP 30803 893 20 Section Section NNP 30803 893 21 II II NNP 30803 893 22 -- -- : 30803 893 23 The the DT 30803 893 24 Monotype Monotype NNP 30803 893 25 By by IN 30803 893 26 Joseph Joseph NNP 30803 893 27 Hays Hays NNP 30803 893 28 Section Section NNP 30803 893 29 III III NNP 30803 893 30 -- -- : 30803 893 31 The the DT 30803 893 32 Intertype Intertype NNP 30803 893 33 By by IN 30803 893 34 Henry Henry NNP 30803 893 35 W. W. NNP 30803 893 36 Cozzens Cozzens NNP 30803 893 37 Section Section NNP 30803 893 38 IV IV NNP 30803 893 39 -- -- : 30803 893 40 Other other JJ 30803 893 41 Typecasting Typecasting NNP 30803 893 42 and and CC 30803 893 43 Typesetting Typesetting NNP 30803 893 44 Machines Machines NNPS 30803 893 45 By by IN 30803 893 46 Frank Frank NNP 30803 893 47 H. H. NNP 30803 893 48 Smith Smith NNP 30803 893 49 A a DT 30803 893 50 brief brief JJ 30803 893 51 history history NN 30803 893 52 of of IN 30803 893 53 typesetting typeset VBG 30803 893 54 machines machine NNS 30803 893 55 , , , 30803 893 56 with with IN 30803 893 57 descriptions description NNS 30803 893 58 of of IN 30803 893 59 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 893 60 mechanical mechanical JJ 30803 893 61 principles principle NNS 30803 893 62 and and CC 30803 893 63 operations operation NNS 30803 893 64 . . . 30803 894 1 Illustrated illustrate VBN 30803 894 2 ; ; : 30803 894 3 review review NN 30803 894 4 questions question NNS 30803 894 5 ; ; , 30803 894 6 glossary glossary NN 30803 894 7 . . . 30803 895 1 PART PART NNP 30803 895 2 III--_Imposition iii--_imposition CD 30803 895 3 and and CC 30803 895 4 Stonework Stonework NNP 30803 895 5 _ _ NNP 30803 895 6 24 24 CD 30803 895 7 . . . 30803 896 1 + + CC 30803 896 2 Locking lock VBG 30803 896 3 Forms Forms NNPS 30803 896 4 for for IN 30803 896 5 the the DT 30803 896 6 Job Job NNP 30803 896 7 Press+ Press+ NNP 30803 896 8 By by IN 30803 896 9 Frank Frank NNP 30803 896 10 S. S. NNP 30803 896 11 Henry Henry NNP 30803 896 12 Things Things NNP 30803 896 13 the the DT 30803 896 14 apprentice apprentice NN 30803 896 15 should should MD 30803 896 16 know know VB 30803 896 17 about about IN 30803 896 18 locking lock VBG 30803 896 19 up up RP 30803 896 20 small small JJ 30803 896 21 forms form NNS 30803 896 22 , , , 30803 896 23 and and CC 30803 896 24 about about IN 30803 896 25 general general JJ 30803 896 26 work work NN 30803 896 27 on on IN 30803 896 28 the the DT 30803 896 29 stone stone NN 30803 896 30 . . . 30803 897 1 Illustrated illustrate VBN 30803 897 2 ; ; : 30803 897 3 review review NN 30803 897 4 questions question NNS 30803 897 5 ; ; , 30803 897 6 glossary glossary NN 30803 897 7 . . . 30803 898 1 25 25 CD 30803 898 2 . . . 30803 899 1 + + NFP 30803 899 2 Preparing prepare VBG 30803 899 3 Forms Forms NNPS 30803 899 4 for for IN 30803 899 5 the the DT 30803 899 6 Cylinder cylinder NN 30803 899 7 Press+ Press+ . 30803 899 8 By by IN 30803 899 9 Frank Frank NNP 30803 899 10 S. S. NNP 30803 899 11 Henry Henry NNP 30803 899 12 Pamphlet Pamphlet NNP 30803 899 13 and and CC 30803 899 14 catalog catalog NN 30803 899 15 imposition imposition NN 30803 899 16 ; ; : 30803 899 17 margins margin NNS 30803 899 18 ; ; , 30803 899 19 fold fold VB 30803 899 20 marks mark NNS 30803 899 21 , , , 30803 899 22 etc etc FW 30803 899 23 . . . 30803 900 1 Methods method NNS 30803 900 2 of of IN 30803 900 3 handling handle VBG 30803 900 4 type type NN 30803 900 5 forms form NNS 30803 900 6 and and CC 30803 900 7 electrotype electrotype NN 30803 900 8 forms form NNS 30803 900 9 . . . 30803 901 1 Illustrated illustrate VBN 30803 901 2 ; ; : 30803 901 3 review review NN 30803 901 4 questions question NNS 30803 901 5 ; ; , 30803 901 6 glossary glossary NN 30803 901 7 . . . 30803 902 1 PART PART NNP 30803 902 2 IV--_Presswork IV--_Presswork NNP 30803 902 3 _ _ NNP 30803 902 4 26 26 CD 30803 902 5 . . . 30803 903 1 + + NFP 30803 903 2 Making make VBG 30803 903 3 Ready ready JJ 30803 903 4 on on IN 30803 903 5 Platen Platen NNP 30803 903 6 Presses+ Presses+ NNP 30803 903 7 By by IN 30803 903 8 T. t. NN 30803 903 9 G. G. NNP 30803 903 10 McGrew McGrew NNP 30803 903 11 The the DT 30803 903 12 essential essential JJ 30803 903 13 parts part NNS 30803 903 14 of of IN 30803 903 15 a a DT 30803 903 16 press press NN 30803 903 17 and and CC 30803 903 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 903 19 functions function NNS 30803 903 20 ; ; , 30803 903 21 distinctive distinctive JJ 30803 903 22 features feature NNS 30803 903 23 of of IN 30803 903 24 commonly commonly RB 30803 903 25 used use VBN 30803 903 26 machines machine NNS 30803 903 27 . . . 30803 904 1 Preparing prepare VBG 30803 904 2 the the DT 30803 904 3 tympan tympan NN 30803 904 4 , , , 30803 904 5 regulating regulate VBG 30803 904 6 the the DT 30803 904 7 impression impression NN 30803 904 8 , , , 30803 904 9 underlaying underlaying JJ 30803 904 10 and and CC 30803 904 11 overlaying overlay VBG 30803 904 12 , , , 30803 904 13 setting set VBG 30803 904 14 gauges gauge NNS 30803 904 15 , , , 30803 904 16 and and CC 30803 904 17 other other JJ 30803 904 18 details detail NNS 30803 904 19 explained explain VBD 30803 904 20 . . . 30803 905 1 Illustrated illustrate VBN 30803 905 2 ; ; : 30803 905 3 review review NN 30803 905 4 questions question NNS 30803 905 5 ; ; , 30803 905 6 glossary glossary NN 30803 905 7 . . . 30803 906 1 27 27 CD 30803 906 2 . . . 30803 907 1 + + NFP 30803 907 2 Cylinder Cylinder NNP 30803 907 3 Presswork+ Presswork+ . 30803 907 4 By by IN 30803 907 5 T. T. NNP 30803 907 6 G. G. NNP 30803 907 7 McGrew McGrew NNP 30803 907 8 Preparing prepare VBG 30803 907 9 the the DT 30803 907 10 press press NN 30803 907 11 ; ; : 30803 907 12 adjustment adjustment NN 30803 907 13 of of IN 30803 907 14 bed bed NN 30803 907 15 and and CC 30803 907 16 cylinder cylinder NN 30803 907 17 , , , 30803 907 18 form form NN 30803 907 19 rollers roller NNS 30803 907 20 , , , 30803 907 21 ink ink NN 30803 907 22 fountain fountain NN 30803 907 23 , , , 30803 907 24 grippers gripper NNS 30803 907 25 and and CC 30803 907 26 delivery delivery NN 30803 907 27 systems system NNS 30803 907 28 . . . 30803 908 1 Underlaying underlaying JJ 30803 908 2 and and CC 30803 908 3 overlaying overlay VBG 30803 908 4 ; ; : 30803 908 5 modern modern JJ 30803 908 6 overlay overlay NN 30803 908 7 methods method NNS 30803 908 8 . . . 30803 909 1 Illustrated illustrate VBN 30803 909 2 ; ; : 30803 909 3 review review NN 30803 909 4 questions question NNS 30803 909 5 ; ; , 30803 909 6 glossary glossary NN 30803 909 7 . . . 30803 910 1 28 28 CD 30803 910 2 . . . 30803 911 1 + + NFP 30803 911 2 Pressroom pressroom NN 30803 911 3 Hints Hints NNPS 30803 911 4 and and CC 30803 911 5 Helps+ Helps+ NNP 30803 911 6 By by IN 30803 911 7 Charles Charles NNP 30803 911 8 L. L. NNP 30803 911 9 Dunton Dunton NNP 30803 911 10 Describing describe VBG 30803 911 11 some some DT 30803 911 12 practical practical JJ 30803 911 13 methods method NNS 30803 911 14 of of IN 30803 911 15 pressroom pressroom NN 30803 911 16 work work NN 30803 911 17 , , , 30803 911 18 with with IN 30803 911 19 directions direction NNS 30803 911 20 and and CC 30803 911 21 useful useful JJ 30803 911 22 information information NN 30803 911 23 relating relate VBG 30803 911 24 to to IN 30803 911 25 a a DT 30803 911 26 variety variety NN 30803 911 27 of of IN 30803 911 28 printing print VBG 30803 911 29 - - HYPH 30803 911 30 press press NN 30803 911 31 problems problem NNS 30803 911 32 . . . 30803 912 1 87 87 CD 30803 912 2 pp pp NNP 30803 912 3 . . . 30803 913 1 ; ; : 30803 913 2 176 176 CD 30803 913 3 review review NN 30803 913 4 questions question NNS 30803 913 5 . . . 30803 914 1 29 29 CD 30803 914 2 . . . 30803 915 1 + + NFP 30803 915 2 Reproductive Reproductive NNP 30803 915 3 Processes Processes NNPS 30803 915 4 of of IN 30803 915 5 the the DT 30803 915 6 Graphic Graphic NNP 30803 915 7 Arts+ Arts+ NNP 30803 915 8 By by IN 30803 915 9 A. a. NN 30803 915 10 W. W. NNP 30803 915 11 Elson Elson NNP 30803 915 12 A A NNP 30803 915 13 primer primer NN 30803 915 14 of of IN 30803 915 15 information information NN 30803 915 16 about about IN 30803 915 17 the the DT 30803 915 18 distinctive distinctive JJ 30803 915 19 features feature NNS 30803 915 20 of of IN 30803 915 21 the the DT 30803 915 22 relief relief NN 30803 915 23 , , , 30803 915 24 the the DT 30803 915 25 intaglio intaglio NN 30803 915 26 , , , 30803 915 27 and and CC 30803 915 28 the the DT 30803 915 29 planographic planographic JJ 30803 915 30 processes process NNS 30803 915 31 of of IN 30803 915 32 printing printing NN 30803 915 33 . . . 30803 916 1 84 84 CD 30803 916 2 pp pp NNP 30803 916 3 . . . 30803 917 1 ; ; : 30803 917 2 illustrated illustrate VBN 30803 917 3 ; ; : 30803 917 4 100 100 CD 30803 917 5 review review NN 30803 917 6 questions question NNS 30803 917 7 ; ; , 30803 917 8 glossary glossary NN 30803 917 9 . . . 30803 918 1 PART part JJ 30803 918 2 V--_Pamphlet V--_Pamphlet NNP 30803 918 3 and and CC 30803 918 4 Book Book NNP 30803 918 5 Binding Binding NNP 30803 918 6 _ _ NNP 30803 918 7 30 30 CD 30803 918 8 . . . 30803 919 1 + + NFP 30803 919 2 Pamphlet Pamphlet NNP 30803 919 3 Binding+ Binding+ NNP 30803 919 4 By by IN 30803 919 5 Bancroft Bancroft NNP 30803 919 6 L. L. NNP 30803 919 7 Goodwin Goodwin NNP 30803 919 8 A A NNP 30803 919 9 primer primer NN 30803 919 10 of of IN 30803 919 11 information information NN 30803 919 12 about about IN 30803 919 13 the the DT 30803 919 14 various various JJ 30803 919 15 operations operation NNS 30803 919 16 employed employ VBN 30803 919 17 in in IN 30803 919 18 binding bind VBG 30803 919 19 pamphlets pamphlet NNS 30803 919 20 and and CC 30803 919 21 other other JJ 30803 919 22 work work NN 30803 919 23 in in IN 30803 919 24 the the DT 30803 919 25 bindery bindery NN 30803 919 26 . . . 30803 920 1 Illustrated illustrate VBN 30803 920 2 ; ; : 30803 920 3 review review NN 30803 920 4 questions question NNS 30803 920 5 ; ; , 30803 920 6 glossary glossary NN 30803 920 7 . . . 30803 921 1 31 31 CD 30803 921 2 . . . 30803 922 1 + + NFP 30803 922 2 Book Book NNP 30803 922 3 Binding+ Binding+ NNP 30803 922 4 By by IN 30803 922 5 John John NNP 30803 922 6 J. J. NNP 30803 922 7 Pleger Pleger NNP 30803 922 8 Practical Practical NNP 30803 922 9 information information NN 30803 922 10 about about IN 30803 922 11 the the DT 30803 922 12 usual usual JJ 30803 922 13 operations operation NNS 30803 922 14 in in IN 30803 922 15 binding bind VBG 30803 922 16 books book NNS 30803 922 17 ; ; , 30803 922 18 folding fold VBG 30803 922 19 ; ; : 30803 922 20 gathering gathering NN 30803 922 21 , , , 30803 922 22 collating collate VBG 30803 922 23 , , , 30803 922 24 sewing sew VBG 30803 922 25 , , , 30803 922 26 forwarding forwarding JJ 30803 922 27 , , , 30803 922 28 finishing finish VBG 30803 922 29 . . . 30803 923 1 Case case NN 30803 923 2 making make VBG 30803 923 3 and and CC 30803 923 4 cased case VBN 30803 923 5 - - HYPH 30803 923 6 in in RP 30803 923 7 books book NNS 30803 923 8 . . . 30803 924 1 Hand hand NN 30803 924 2 work work NN 30803 924 3 and and CC 30803 924 4 machine machine NN 30803 924 5 work work NN 30803 924 6 . . . 30803 925 1 Job Job NNP 30803 925 2 and and CC 30803 925 3 blank blank JJ 30803 925 4 - - HYPH 30803 925 5 book book NN 30803 925 6 binding binding NN 30803 925 7 . . . 30803 926 1 Illustrated illustrate VBN 30803 926 2 ; ; : 30803 926 3 review review NN 30803 926 4 questions question NNS 30803 926 5 ; ; , 30803 926 6 glossary glossary NN 30803 926 7 . . . 30803 927 1 PART PART NNP 30803 927 2 VI--_Correct VI--_Correct NNP 30803 927 3 Literary Literary NNP 30803 927 4 Composition Composition NNP 30803 927 5 _ _ NNP 30803 927 6 32 32 CD 30803 927 7 . . . 30803 928 1 + + NFP 30803 928 2 Word Word NNP 30803 928 3 Study Study NNP 30803 928 4 and and CC 30803 928 5 English English NNP 30803 928 6 Grammar+ Grammar+ NNP 30803 928 7 By by IN 30803 928 8 F. F. NNP 30803 928 9 W. W. NNP 30803 928 10 Hamilton Hamilton NNP 30803 928 11 A A NNP 30803 928 12 primer primer NN 30803 928 13 of of IN 30803 928 14 information information NN 30803 928 15 about about IN 30803 928 16 words word NNS 30803 928 17 , , , 30803 928 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 928 19 relations relation NNS 30803 928 20 , , , 30803 928 21 and and CC 30803 928 22 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 928 23 uses use NNS 30803 928 24 . . . 30803 929 1 68 68 CD 30803 929 2 pp pp NNP 30803 929 3 . . . 30803 930 1 ; ; : 30803 930 2 84 84 CD 30803 930 3 review review NN 30803 930 4 questions question NNS 30803 930 5 ; ; , 30803 930 6 glossary glossary NN 30803 930 7 . . . 30803 931 1 33 33 CD 30803 931 2 . . . 30803 932 1 + + NFP 30803 932 2 Punctuation+ Punctuation+ NNP 30803 932 3 By by IN 30803 932 4 F. F. NNP 30803 932 5 W. W. NNP 30803 932 6 Hamilton Hamilton NNP 30803 932 7 A A NNP 30803 932 8 primer primer NN 30803 932 9 of of IN 30803 932 10 information information NN 30803 932 11 about about IN 30803 932 12 the the DT 30803 932 13 marks mark NNS 30803 932 14 of of IN 30803 932 15 punctuation punctuation NN 30803 932 16 and and CC 30803 932 17 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 932 18 use use NN 30803 932 19 , , , 30803 932 20 both both CC 30803 932 21 grammatically grammatically RB 30803 932 22 and and CC 30803 932 23 typographically typographically RB 30803 932 24 . . . 30803 933 1 56 56 CD 30803 933 2 pp pp NNP 30803 933 3 . . . 30803 934 1 ; ; : 30803 934 2 59 59 CD 30803 934 3 review review NN 30803 934 4 questions question NNS 30803 934 5 ; ; , 30803 934 6 glossary glossary NN 30803 934 7 . . . 30803 935 1 34 34 CD 30803 935 2 . . . 30803 936 1 + + NFP 30803 936 2 Capitals+ Capitals+ NNP 30803 936 3 By by IN 30803 936 4 F. F. NNP 30803 936 5 W. W. NNP 30803 936 6 Hamilton Hamilton NNP 30803 936 7 A A NNP 30803 936 8 primer primer NN 30803 936 9 of of IN 30803 936 10 information information NN 30803 936 11 about about IN 30803 936 12 capitalization capitalization NN 30803 936 13 , , , 30803 936 14 with with IN 30803 936 15 some some DT 30803 936 16 practical practical JJ 30803 936 17 typographic typographic JJ 30803 936 18 hints hint NNS 30803 936 19 as as IN 30803 936 20 to to IN 30803 936 21 the the DT 30803 936 22 use use NN 30803 936 23 of of IN 30803 936 24 capitals capital NNS 30803 936 25 . . . 30803 937 1 48 48 CD 30803 937 2 pp pp NNS 30803 937 3 . . . 30803 938 1 ; ; : 30803 938 2 92 92 CD 30803 938 3 review review NN 30803 938 4 questions question NNS 30803 938 5 ; ; , 30803 938 6 glossary glossary NN 30803 938 7 . . . 30803 939 1 35 35 CD 30803 939 2 . . . 30803 940 1 + + NFP 30803 940 2 Division division NN 30803 940 3 of of IN 30803 940 4 Words+ Words+ NNP 30803 940 5 By by IN 30803 940 6 F. F. NNP 30803 940 7 W. W. NNP 30803 940 8 Hamilton Hamilton NNP 30803 940 9 Rules Rules NNPS 30803 940 10 for for IN 30803 940 11 the the DT 30803 940 12 division division NN 30803 940 13 of of IN 30803 940 14 words word NNS 30803 940 15 at at IN 30803 940 16 the the DT 30803 940 17 ends end NNS 30803 940 18 of of IN 30803 940 19 lines line NNS 30803 940 20 , , , 30803 940 21 with with IN 30803 940 22 remarks remark NNS 30803 940 23 on on IN 30803 940 24 spelling spelling NN 30803 940 25 , , , 30803 940 26 syllabication syllabication NN 30803 940 27 and and CC 30803 940 28 pronunciation pronunciation NN 30803 940 29 . . . 30803 941 1 42 42 CD 30803 941 2 pp pp NNS 30803 941 3 . . . 30803 942 1 ; ; : 30803 942 2 70 70 CD 30803 942 3 review review NN 30803 942 4 questions question NNS 30803 942 5 . . . 30803 943 1 36 36 CD 30803 943 2 . . . 30803 944 1 + + NFP 30803 944 2 Compound Compound NNP 30803 944 3 Words+ Words+ NNP 30803 944 4 By by IN 30803 944 5 F. F. NNP 30803 944 6 W. W. NNP 30803 944 7 Hamilton Hamilton NNP 30803 944 8 A A NNP 30803 944 9 study study NN 30803 944 10 of of IN 30803 944 11 the the DT 30803 944 12 principles principle NNS 30803 944 13 of of IN 30803 944 14 compounding compounding NN 30803 944 15 , , , 30803 944 16 the the DT 30803 944 17 components component NNS 30803 944 18 of of IN 30803 944 19 compounds compound NNS 30803 944 20 , , , 30803 944 21 and and CC 30803 944 22 the the DT 30803 944 23 use use NN 30803 944 24 of of IN 30803 944 25 the the DT 30803 944 26 hyphen hyphen NN 30803 944 27 . . . 30803 945 1 34 34 CD 30803 945 2 pp pp NN 30803 945 3 . . . 30803 946 1 ; ; : 30803 946 2 62 62 CD 30803 946 3 review review NN 30803 946 4 questions question NNS 30803 946 5 . . . 30803 947 1 37 37 CD 30803 947 2 . . . 30803 948 1 + + SYM 30803 948 2 Abbreviations Abbreviations NNPS 30803 948 3 and and CC 30803 948 4 Signs+ Signs+ NNP 30803 948 5 By by IN 30803 948 6 F. F. NNP 30803 948 7 W. W. NNP 30803 948 8 Hamilton Hamilton NNP 30803 948 9 A A NNP 30803 948 10 primer primer NN 30803 948 11 of of IN 30803 948 12 information information NN 30803 948 13 about about IN 30803 948 14 abbreviations abbreviation NNS 30803 948 15 and and CC 30803 948 16 signs sign NNS 30803 948 17 , , , 30803 948 18 with with IN 30803 948 19 classified classified JJ 30803 948 20 lists list NNS 30803 948 21 of of IN 30803 948 22 those those DT 30803 948 23 in in IN 30803 948 24 most most RBS 30803 948 25 common common JJ 30803 948 26 use use NN 30803 948 27 . . . 30803 949 1 58 58 CD 30803 949 2 pp pp NNP 30803 949 3 . . . 30803 950 1 ; ; : 30803 950 2 32 32 CD 30803 950 3 review review NN 30803 950 4 questions question NNS 30803 950 5 . . . 30803 951 1 38 38 CD 30803 951 2 . . . 30803 952 1 + + CC 30803 952 2 The the DT 30803 952 3 Uses use NNS 30803 952 4 of of IN 30803 952 5 Italic+ Italic+ NNP 30803 952 6 By by IN 30803 952 7 F. F. NNP 30803 952 8 W. W. NNP 30803 952 9 Hamilton Hamilton NNP 30803 952 10 A A NNP 30803 952 11 primer primer NN 30803 952 12 of of IN 30803 952 13 information information NN 30803 952 14 about about IN 30803 952 15 the the DT 30803 952 16 history history NN 30803 952 17 and and CC 30803 952 18 uses use NNS 30803 952 19 of of IN 30803 952 20 italic italic JJ 30803 952 21 letters letter NNS 30803 952 22 . . . 30803 953 1 31 31 CD 30803 953 2 pp pp NNP 30803 953 3 . . . 30803 954 1 ; ; : 30803 954 2 37 37 CD 30803 954 3 review review NN 30803 954 4 questions question NNS 30803 954 5 . . . 30803 955 1 39 39 CD 30803 955 2 . . . 30803 956 1 + + NFP 30803 956 2 Proofreading+ Proofreading+ NNP 30803 956 3 By by IN 30803 956 4 Arnold Arnold NNP 30803 956 5 Levitas Levitas NNP 30803 956 6 The the DT 30803 956 7 technical technical JJ 30803 956 8 phases phase NNS 30803 956 9 of of IN 30803 956 10 the the DT 30803 956 11 proofreader proofreader NN 30803 956 12 's 's POS 30803 956 13 work work NN 30803 956 14 ; ; : 30803 956 15 reading reading NN 30803 956 16 , , , 30803 956 17 marking marking NN 30803 956 18 , , , 30803 956 19 revising revising NN 30803 956 20 , , , 30803 956 21 etc etc FW 30803 956 22 . . . 30803 957 1 ; ; : 30803 957 2 methods method NNS 30803 957 3 of of IN 30803 957 4 handling handle VBG 30803 957 5 proofs proof NNS 30803 957 6 and and CC 30803 957 7 copy copy VBP 30803 957 8 . . . 30803 958 1 Illustrated illustrate VBN 30803 958 2 by by IN 30803 958 3 examples example NNS 30803 958 4 . . . 30803 959 1 59 59 CD 30803 959 2 pp pp NNP 30803 959 3 . . . 30803 960 1 ; ; : 30803 960 2 69 69 CD 30803 960 3 review review NN 30803 960 4 questions question NNS 30803 960 5 ; ; , 30803 960 6 glossary glossary NN 30803 960 7 . . . 30803 961 1 40 40 CD 30803 961 2 . . . 30803 962 1 + + DT 30803 962 2 Preparation Preparation NNP 30803 962 3 of of IN 30803 962 4 Printers Printers NNPS 30803 962 5 ' ' POS 30803 962 6 Copy+ Copy+ NNP 30803 962 7 By by IN 30803 962 8 F. F. NNP 30803 962 9 W. W. NNP 30803 962 10 Hamilton Hamilton NNP 30803 962 11 Suggestions Suggestions NNP 30803 962 12 for for IN 30803 962 13 authors author NNS 30803 962 14 , , , 30803 962 15 editors editor NNS 30803 962 16 , , , 30803 962 17 and and CC 30803 962 18 all all DT 30803 962 19 who who WP 30803 962 20 are be VBP 30803 962 21 engaged engage VBN 30803 962 22 in in IN 30803 962 23 preparing prepare VBG 30803 962 24 copy copy NN 30803 962 25 for for IN 30803 962 26 the the DT 30803 962 27 composing composing NN 30803 962 28 room room NN 30803 962 29 . . . 30803 963 1 36 36 CD 30803 963 2 pp pp NNP 30803 963 3 . . . 30803 964 1 ; ; : 30803 964 2 67 67 CD 30803 964 3 review review NN 30803 964 4 questions question NNS 30803 964 5 . . . 30803 965 1 41 41 CD 30803 965 2 . . . 30803 966 1 + + SYM 30803 966 2 Printers Printers NNP 30803 966 3 ' ' POS 30803 966 4 Manual Manual NNP 30803 966 5 of of IN 30803 966 6 Style+ Style+ NNP 30803 966 7 A a DT 30803 966 8 reference reference NN 30803 966 9 compilation compilation NN 30803 966 10 of of IN 30803 966 11 approved approve VBN 30803 966 12 rules rule NNS 30803 966 13 , , , 30803 966 14 usages usage NNS 30803 966 15 , , , 30803 966 16 and and CC 30803 966 17 suggestions suggestion NNS 30803 966 18 relating relate VBG 30803 966 19 to to IN 30803 966 20 uniformity uniformity NN 30803 966 21 in in IN 30803 966 22 punctuation punctuation NN 30803 966 23 , , , 30803 966 24 capitalization capitalization NN 30803 966 25 , , , 30803 966 26 abbreviations abbreviation NNS 30803 966 27 , , , 30803 966 28 numerals numeral NNS 30803 966 29 , , , 30803 966 30 and and CC 30803 966 31 kindred kindred JJ 30803 966 32 features feature NNS 30803 966 33 of of IN 30803 966 34 composition composition NN 30803 966 35 . . . 30803 967 1 42 42 CD 30803 967 2 . . . 30803 968 1 + + NFP 30803 968 2 The the DT 30803 968 3 Printer Printer NNP 30803 968 4 's 's POS 30803 968 5 Dictionary+ Dictionary+ NNP 30803 968 6 By by IN 30803 968 7 A. a. NN 30803 969 1 A. A. NNP 30803 969 2 Stewart Stewart NNP 30803 969 3 A A NNP 30803 969 4 handbook handbook NN 30803 969 5 of of IN 30803 969 6 definitions definition NNS 30803 969 7 and and CC 30803 969 8 miscellaneous miscellaneous JJ 30803 969 9 information information NN 30803 969 10 about about IN 30803 969 11 various various JJ 30803 969 12 processes process NNS 30803 969 13 of of IN 30803 969 14 printing printing NN 30803 969 15 , , , 30803 969 16 alphabetically alphabetically RB 30803 969 17 arranged arrange VBN 30803 969 18 . . . 30803 970 1 Technical technical JJ 30803 970 2 terms term NNS 30803 970 3 explained explain VBD 30803 970 4 . . . 30803 971 1 Illustrated Illustrated NNP 30803 971 2 . . . 30803 972 1 PART PART NNP 30803 972 2 VII--_Design vii--_design CD 30803 972 3 , , , 30803 972 4 Color color NN 30803 972 5 , , , 30803 972 6 and and CC 30803 972 7 Lettering Lettering NNP 30803 972 8 _ _ NNP 30803 972 9 43 43 CD 30803 972 10 . . . 30803 973 1 + + NFP 30803 973 2 Applied Applied NNP 30803 973 3 Design Design NNP 30803 973 4 for for IN 30803 973 5 Printers+ Printers+ NNP 30803 973 6 By by IN 30803 973 7 Harry Harry NNP 30803 973 8 L. L. NNP 30803 973 9 Gage Gage NNP 30803 973 10 A A NNP 30803 973 11 handbook handbook NN 30803 973 12 of of IN 30803 973 13 the the DT 30803 973 14 principles principle NNS 30803 973 15 of of IN 30803 973 16 arrangement arrangement NN 30803 973 17 , , , 30803 973 18 with with IN 30803 973 19 brief brief JJ 30803 973 20 comment comment NN 30803 973 21 on on IN 30803 973 22 the the DT 30803 973 23 periods period NNS 30803 973 24 of of IN 30803 973 25 design design NN 30803 973 26 which which WDT 30803 973 27 have have VBP 30803 973 28 most most RBS 30803 973 29 influenced influence VBN 30803 973 30 printing printing NN 30803 973 31 . . . 30803 974 1 Treats treat NNS 30803 974 2 of of IN 30803 974 3 harmony harmony NN 30803 974 4 , , , 30803 974 5 balance balance NN 30803 974 6 , , , 30803 974 7 proportion proportion NN 30803 974 8 , , , 30803 974 9 and and CC 30803 974 10 rhythm rhythm NN 30803 974 11 ; ; , 30803 974 12 motion motion NN 30803 974 13 ; ; : 30803 974 14 symmetry symmetry NN 30803 974 15 and and CC 30803 974 16 variety variety NN 30803 974 17 ; ; , 30803 974 18 ornament ornament JJ 30803 974 19 , , , 30803 974 20 esthetic esthetic JJ 30803 974 21 and and CC 30803 974 22 symbolic symbolic JJ 30803 974 23 . . . 30803 975 1 37 37 CD 30803 975 2 illustrations illustration NNS 30803 975 3 ; ; : 30803 975 4 46 46 CD 30803 975 5 review review NN 30803 975 6 questions question NNS 30803 975 7 ; ; , 30803 975 8 glossary glossary NN 30803 975 9 ; ; : 30803 975 10 bibliography bibliography NN 30803 975 11 . . . 30803 976 1 44 44 CD 30803 976 2 . . . 30803 977 1 + + NFP 30803 977 2 Elements element NNS 30803 977 3 of of IN 30803 977 4 Typographic Typographic NNP 30803 977 5 Design+ Design+ NNP 30803 977 6 By by IN 30803 977 7 Harry Harry NNP 30803 977 8 L. L. NNP 30803 977 9 Gage Gage NNP 30803 977 10 Applications Applications NNPS 30803 977 11 of of IN 30803 977 12 the the DT 30803 977 13 principles principle NNS 30803 977 14 of of IN 30803 977 15 decorative decorative JJ 30803 977 16 design design NN 30803 977 17 . . . 30803 978 1 Building building NN 30803 978 2 material material NN 30803 978 3 of of IN 30803 978 4 typography typography NN 30803 978 5 : : : 30803 978 6 paper paper NN 30803 978 7 , , , 30803 978 8 types type NNS 30803 978 9 , , , 30803 978 10 ink ink NN 30803 978 11 , , , 30803 978 12 decorations decoration NNS 30803 978 13 and and CC 30803 978 14 illustrations illustration NNS 30803 978 15 . . . 30803 979 1 Handling handle VBG 30803 979 2 of of IN 30803 979 3 shapes shape NNS 30803 979 4 . . . 30803 980 1 Design design NN 30803 980 2 of of IN 30803 980 3 complete complete JJ 30803 980 4 book book NN 30803 980 5 , , , 30803 980 6 treating treat VBG 30803 980 7 each each DT 30803 980 8 part part NN 30803 980 9 . . . 30803 981 1 Design design NN 30803 981 2 of of IN 30803 981 3 commercial commercial JJ 30803 981 4 forms form NNS 30803 981 5 and and CC 30803 981 6 single single JJ 30803 981 7 units unit NNS 30803 981 8 . . . 30803 982 1 Illustrations illustration NNS 30803 982 2 ; ; : 30803 982 3 review review NN 30803 982 4 questions question NNS 30803 982 5 , , , 30803 982 6 glossary glossary NN 30803 982 7 ; ; : 30803 982 8 bibliography bibliography NN 30803 982 9 . . . 30803 983 1 45 45 CD 30803 983 2 . . . 30803 984 1 + + NFP 30803 984 2 Rudiments rudiment NNS 30803 984 3 of of IN 30803 984 4 Color color NN 30803 984 5 in in IN 30803 984 6 Printing+ Printing+ NNP 30803 984 7 By by IN 30803 984 8 Harry Harry NNP 30803 984 9 L. L. NNP 30803 984 10 Gage Gage NNP 30803 984 11 Use Use NNP 30803 984 12 of of IN 30803 984 13 color color NN 30803 984 14 : : : 30803 984 15 for for IN 30803 984 16 decoration decoration NN 30803 984 17 of of IN 30803 984 18 black black JJ 30803 984 19 and and CC 30803 984 20 white white JJ 30803 984 21 , , , 30803 984 22 for for IN 30803 984 23 broad broad JJ 30803 984 24 poster poster NN 30803 984 25 effect effect NN 30803 984 26 , , , 30803 984 27 in in IN 30803 984 28 combinations combination NNS 30803 984 29 of of IN 30803 984 30 two two CD 30803 984 31 , , , 30803 984 32 three three CD 30803 984 33 , , , 30803 984 34 or or CC 30803 984 35 more more JJR 30803 984 36 printings printing NNS 30803 984 37 with with IN 30803 984 38 process process NN 30803 984 39 engravings engraving NNS 30803 984 40 . . . 30803 985 1 Scientific scientific JJ 30803 985 2 nature nature NN 30803 985 3 of of IN 30803 985 4 color color NN 30803 985 5 , , , 30803 985 6 physical physical JJ 30803 985 7 and and CC 30803 985 8 chemical chemical NN 30803 985 9 . . . 30803 986 1 Terms term NNS 30803 986 2 in in IN 30803 986 3 which which WDT 30803 986 4 color color NN 30803 986 5 may may MD 30803 986 6 be be VB 30803 986 7 discussed discuss VBN 30803 986 8 : : : 30803 986 9 hue hue NNP 30803 986 10 , , , 30803 986 11 value value NN 30803 986 12 , , , 30803 986 13 intensity intensity NN 30803 986 14 . . . 30803 987 1 Diagrams diagram NNS 30803 987 2 in in IN 30803 987 3 color color NN 30803 987 4 , , , 30803 987 5 scales scale NNS 30803 987 6 and and CC 30803 987 7 combinations combination NNS 30803 987 8 . . . 30803 988 1 Color color NN 30803 988 2 theory theory NN 30803 988 3 of of IN 30803 988 4 process process NN 30803 988 5 engraving engrave VBG 30803 988 6 . . . 30803 989 1 Experiments experiment NNS 30803 989 2 with with IN 30803 989 3 color color NN 30803 989 4 . . . 30803 990 1 Illustrations illustration NNS 30803 990 2 in in IN 30803 990 3 full full JJ 30803 990 4 color color NN 30803 990 5 , , , 30803 990 6 and and CC 30803 990 7 on on IN 30803 990 8 various various JJ 30803 990 9 papers paper NNS 30803 990 10 . . . 30803 991 1 Review review NN 30803 991 2 questions question NNS 30803 991 3 ; ; , 30803 991 4 glossary glossary NN 30803 991 5 ; ; : 30803 991 6 bibliography bibliography NN 30803 991 7 . . . 30803 992 1 46 46 CD 30803 992 2 . . . 30803 993 1 + + NFP 30803 993 2 Lettering lettering NN 30803 993 3 in in IN 30803 993 4 Typography+ Typography+ NNP 30803 993 5 By by IN 30803 993 6 Harry Harry NNP 30803 993 7 L. L. NNP 30803 993 8 Gage Gage NNP 30803 993 9 Printer Printer NNP 30803 993 10 's 's POS 30803 993 11 use use NN 30803 993 12 of of IN 30803 993 13 lettering lettering NN 30803 993 14 : : : 30803 993 15 adaptability adaptability NN 30803 993 16 and and CC 30803 993 17 decorative decorative JJ 30803 993 18 effect effect NN 30803 993 19 . . . 30803 994 1 Development development NN 30803 994 2 of of IN 30803 994 3 historic historic JJ 30803 994 4 writing writing NN 30803 994 5 and and CC 30803 994 6 lettering lettering NN 30803 994 7 and and CC 30803 994 8 its -PRON- PRP$ 30803 994 9 influence influence NN 30803 994 10 on on IN 30803 994 11 type type NN 30803 994 12 design design NN 30803 994 13 . . . 30803 995 1 Classification classification NN 30803 995 2 of of IN 30803 995 3 general general JJ 30803 995 4 forms form NNS 30803 995 5 in in IN 30803 995 6 lettering lettering NN 30803 995 7 . . . 30803 996 1 Application application NN 30803 996 2 of of IN 30803 996 3 design design NN 30803 996 4 to to IN 30803 996 5 lettering lettering NN 30803 996 6 . . . 30803 997 1 Drawing draw VBG 30803 997 2 for for IN 30803 997 3 reproduction reproduction NN 30803 997 4 . . . 30803 998 1 Fully fully RB 30803 998 2 illustrated illustrate VBN 30803 998 3 ; ; : 30803 998 4 review review NN 30803 998 5 questions question NNS 30803 998 6 ; ; , 30803 998 7 glossary glossary NN 30803 998 8 ; ; : 30803 998 9 bibliography bibliography NN 30803 998 10 . . . 30803 999 1 47 47 CD 30803 999 2 . . . 30803 1000 1 + + DT 30803 1000 2 Typographic Typographic NNP 30803 1000 3 Design Design NNP 30803 1000 4 in in IN 30803 1000 5 Advertising+ Advertising+ NNP 30803 1000 6 By by IN 30803 1000 7 Harry Harry NNP 30803 1000 8 L. L. NNP 30803 1000 9 Gage Gage NNP 30803 1000 10 The the DT 30803 1000 11 printer printer NN 30803 1000 12 's 's POS 30803 1000 13 function function NN 30803 1000 14 in in IN 30803 1000 15 advertising advertising NN 30803 1000 16 . . . 30803 1001 1 Precepts precept NNS 30803 1001 2 upon upon IN 30803 1001 3 which which WDT 30803 1001 4 advertising advertising NN 30803 1001 5 is be VBZ 30803 1001 6 based base VBN 30803 1001 7 . . . 30803 1002 1 Printer printer NN 30803 1002 2 's 's POS 30803 1002 3 analysis analysis NN 30803 1002 4 of of IN 30803 1002 5 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 1002 6 copy copy NN 30803 1002 7 . . . 30803 1003 1 Emphasis emphasis NN 30803 1003 2 , , , 30803 1003 3 legibility legibility NN 30803 1003 4 , , , 30803 1003 5 attention attention NN 30803 1003 6 , , , 30803 1003 7 color color NN 30803 1003 8 . . . 30803 1004 1 Method method NN 30803 1004 2 of of IN 30803 1004 3 studying study VBG 30803 1004 4 advertising advertising NN 30803 1004 5 typography typography NN 30803 1004 6 . . . 30803 1005 1 Illustrations illustration NNS 30803 1005 2 ; ; : 30803 1005 3 review review NN 30803 1005 4 questions question NNS 30803 1005 5 ; ; , 30803 1005 6 glossary glossary NN 30803 1005 7 ; ; : 30803 1005 8 bibliography bibliography NN 30803 1005 9 . . . 30803 1006 1 48 48 CD 30803 1006 2 . . . 30803 1007 1 + + NFP 30803 1007 2 Making make VBG 30803 1007 3 Dummies Dummies NNPS 30803 1007 4 and and CC 30803 1007 5 Layouts+ Layouts+ NNPS 30803 1007 6 By by IN 30803 1007 7 Harry Harry NNP 30803 1007 8 L. L. NNP 30803 1007 9 Gage Gage NNP 30803 1007 10 A a DT 30803 1007 11 layout layout NN 30803 1007 12 : : : 30803 1007 13 the the DT 30803 1007 14 architectural architectural JJ 30803 1007 15 plan plan NN 30803 1007 16 . . . 30803 1008 1 A a DT 30803 1008 2 dummy dummy NN 30803 1008 3 : : : 30803 1008 4 the the DT 30803 1008 5 imitation imitation NN 30803 1008 6 of of IN 30803 1008 7 a a DT 30803 1008 8 proposed propose VBN 30803 1008 9 final final JJ 30803 1008 10 effect effect NN 30803 1008 11 . . . 30803 1009 1 Use use NN 30803 1009 2 of of IN 30803 1009 3 dummy dummy NN 30803 1009 4 in in IN 30803 1009 5 sales sale NNS 30803 1009 6 work work NN 30803 1009 7 . . . 30803 1010 1 Use use NN 30803 1010 2 of of IN 30803 1010 3 layout layout NN 30803 1010 4 . . . 30803 1011 1 Function function NN 30803 1011 2 of of IN 30803 1011 3 layout layout NN 30803 1011 4 man man NN 30803 1011 5 . . . 30803 1012 1 Binding bind VBG 30803 1012 2 schemes scheme NNS 30803 1012 3 for for IN 30803 1012 4 dummies dummy NNS 30803 1012 5 . . . 30803 1013 1 Dummy dummy JJ 30803 1013 2 envelopes envelope NNS 30803 1013 3 . . . 30803 1014 1 Illustrations illustration NNS 30803 1014 2 ; ; : 30803 1014 3 review review NN 30803 1014 4 questions question NNS 30803 1014 5 ; ; , 30803 1014 6 glossary glossary NN 30803 1014 7 ; ; : 30803 1014 8 bibliography bibliography NN 30803 1014 9 . . . 30803 1015 1 PART part JJ 30803 1015 2 VIII--_History viii--_history NN 30803 1015 3 of of IN 30803 1015 4 Printing Printing NNP 30803 1015 5 _ _ NNP 30803 1015 6 49 49 CD 30803 1015 7 . . . 30803 1016 1 + + SYM 30803 1016 2 Books book NNS 30803 1016 3 Before before IN 30803 1016 4 Typography+ Typography+ NNP 30803 1016 5 By by IN 30803 1016 6 F. F. NNP 30803 1016 7 W. W. NNP 30803 1016 8 Hamilton Hamilton NNP 30803 1016 9 A A NNP 30803 1016 10 primer primer NN 30803 1016 11 of of IN 30803 1016 12 information information NN 30803 1016 13 about about IN 30803 1016 14 the the DT 30803 1016 15 invention invention NN 30803 1016 16 of of IN 30803 1016 17 the the DT 30803 1016 18 alphabet alphabet NN 30803 1016 19 and and CC 30803 1016 20 the the DT 30803 1016 21 history history NN 30803 1016 22 of of IN 30803 1016 23 bookmaking bookmake VBG 30803 1016 24 up up IN 30803 1016 25 to to IN 30803 1016 26 the the DT 30803 1016 27 invention invention NN 30803 1016 28 of of IN 30803 1016 29 movable movable JJ 30803 1016 30 types type NNS 30803 1016 31 . . . 30803 1017 1 62 62 CD 30803 1017 2 pp pp NNP 30803 1017 3 . . . 30803 1018 1 ; ; : 30803 1018 2 illustrated illustrate VBN 30803 1018 3 ; ; : 30803 1018 4 64 64 CD 30803 1018 5 review review NN 30803 1018 6 questions question NNS 30803 1018 7 . . . 30803 1019 1 50 50 CD 30803 1019 2 . . . 30803 1020 1 + + CC 30803 1020 2 The the DT 30803 1020 3 Invention Invention NNP 30803 1020 4 of of IN 30803 1020 5 Typography+ Typography+ NNP 30803 1020 6 By by IN 30803 1020 7 F. F. NNP 30803 1020 8 W. W. NNP 30803 1020 9 Hamilton Hamilton NNP 30803 1020 10 A a DT 30803 1020 11 brief brief JJ 30803 1020 12 sketch sketch NN 30803 1020 13 of of IN 30803 1020 14 the the DT 30803 1020 15 invention invention NN 30803 1020 16 of of IN 30803 1020 17 printing printing NN 30803 1020 18 and and CC 30803 1020 19 how how WRB 30803 1020 20 it -PRON- PRP 30803 1020 21 came come VBD 30803 1020 22 about about IN 30803 1020 23 . . . 30803 1021 1 64 64 CD 30803 1021 2 pp pp NNS 30803 1021 3 . . . 30803 1022 1 ; ; : 30803 1022 2 62 62 CD 30803 1022 3 review review NN 30803 1022 4 questions question NNS 30803 1022 5 . . . 30803 1023 1 51 51 CD 30803 1023 2 . . . 30803 1024 1 + + NFP 30803 1024 2 History history NN 30803 1024 3 of of IN 30803 1024 4 Printing+--Part printing+--part NN 30803 1024 5 I -PRON- PRP 30803 1024 6 By by IN 30803 1024 7 F. F. NNP 30803 1024 8 W. W. NNP 30803 1024 9 Hamilton Hamilton NNP 30803 1024 10 A A NNP 30803 1024 11 primer primer NN 30803 1024 12 of of IN 30803 1024 13 information information NN 30803 1024 14 about about IN 30803 1024 15 the the DT 30803 1024 16 beginnings beginning NNS 30803 1024 17 of of IN 30803 1024 18 printing printing NN 30803 1024 19 , , , 30803 1024 20 the the DT 30803 1024 21 development development NN 30803 1024 22 of of IN 30803 1024 23 the the DT 30803 1024 24 book book NN 30803 1024 25 , , , 30803 1024 26 the the DT 30803 1024 27 development development NN 30803 1024 28 of of IN 30803 1024 29 printers printer NNS 30803 1024 30 ' ' POS 30803 1024 31 materials material NNS 30803 1024 32 , , , 30803 1024 33 and and CC 30803 1024 34 the the DT 30803 1024 35 work work NN 30803 1024 36 of of IN 30803 1024 37 the the DT 30803 1024 38 great great JJ 30803 1024 39 pioneers pioneer NNS 30803 1024 40 . . . 30803 1025 1 63 63 CD 30803 1025 2 pp pp NNP 30803 1025 3 . . . 30803 1026 1 ; ; : 30803 1026 2 55 55 CD 30803 1026 3 review review NN 30803 1026 4 questions question NNS 30803 1026 5 . . . 30803 1027 1 52 52 CD 30803 1027 2 . . . 30803 1028 1 + + NFP 30803 1028 2 History history NN 30803 1028 3 of of IN 30803 1028 4 Printing+--Part printing+--part CD 30803 1028 5 II II NNP 30803 1028 6 By by IN 30803 1028 7 F. F. NNP 30803 1028 8 W. W. NNP 30803 1028 9 Hamilton Hamilton NNP 30803 1028 10 A a DT 30803 1028 11 brief brief JJ 30803 1028 12 sketch sketch NN 30803 1028 13 of of IN 30803 1028 14 the the DT 30803 1028 15 economic economic JJ 30803 1028 16 conditions condition NNS 30803 1028 17 of of IN 30803 1028 18 the the DT 30803 1028 19 printing printing NN 30803 1028 20 industry industry NN 30803 1028 21 from from IN 30803 1028 22 1450 1450 CD 30803 1028 23 to to IN 30803 1028 24 1789 1789 CD 30803 1028 25 , , , 30803 1028 26 including include VBG 30803 1028 27 government government NN 30803 1028 28 regulations regulation NNS 30803 1028 29 , , , 30803 1028 30 censorship censorship NN 30803 1028 31 , , , 30803 1028 32 internal internal JJ 30803 1028 33 conditions condition NNS 30803 1028 34 and and CC 30803 1028 35 industrial industrial JJ 30803 1028 36 relations relation NNS 30803 1028 37 . . . 30803 1029 1 94 94 CD 30803 1029 2 pp pp NN 30803 1029 3 . . . 30803 1030 1 ; ; : 30803 1030 2 128 128 CD 30803 1030 3 review review NN 30803 1030 4 questions question NNS 30803 1030 5 . . . 30803 1031 1 53 53 CD 30803 1031 2 . . . 30803 1032 1 + + LS 30803 1032 2 Printing printing NN 30803 1032 3 in in IN 30803 1032 4 England+ England+ NNP 30803 1032 5 By by IN 30803 1032 6 F. F. NNP 30803 1032 7 W. W. NNP 30803 1032 8 Hamilton Hamilton NNP 30803 1032 9 A a DT 30803 1032 10 short short JJ 30803 1032 11 history history NN 30803 1032 12 of of IN 30803 1032 13 printing print VBG 30803 1032 14 in in IN 30803 1032 15 England England NNP 30803 1032 16 from from IN 30803 1032 17 Caxton Caxton NNP 30803 1032 18 to to IN 30803 1032 19 the the DT 30803 1032 20 present present JJ 30803 1032 21 time time NN 30803 1032 22 . . . 30803 1033 1 89 89 CD 30803 1033 2 pp pp NNS 30803 1033 3 . . . 30803 1034 1 ; ; : 30803 1034 2 65 65 CD 30803 1034 3 review review NN 30803 1034 4 questions question NNS 30803 1034 5 . . . 30803 1035 1 54 54 CD 30803 1035 2 . . . 30803 1036 1 + + LS 30803 1036 2 Printing print VBG 30803 1036 3 in in RP 30803 1036 4 America+ America+ NNP 30803 1036 5 By by IN 30803 1036 6 F. F. NNP 30803 1036 7 W. W. NNP 30803 1036 8 Hamilton Hamilton NNP 30803 1036 9 A a DT 30803 1036 10 brief brief JJ 30803 1036 11 sketch sketch NN 30803 1036 12 of of IN 30803 1036 13 the the DT 30803 1036 14 development development NN 30803 1036 15 of of IN 30803 1036 16 the the DT 30803 1036 17 newspaper newspaper NN 30803 1036 18 , , , 30803 1036 19 and and CC 30803 1036 20 some some DT 30803 1036 21 notes note NNS 30803 1036 22 on on IN 30803 1036 23 publishers publisher NNS 30803 1036 24 who who WP 30803 1036 25 have have VBP 30803 1036 26 especially especially RB 30803 1036 27 contributed contribute VBN 30803 1036 28 to to IN 30803 1036 29 printing print VBG 30803 1036 30 . . . 30803 1037 1 98 98 CD 30803 1037 2 pp pp NNP 30803 1037 3 . . . 30803 1038 1 ; ; : 30803 1038 2 84 84 CD 30803 1038 3 review review NN 30803 1038 4 questions question NNS 30803 1038 5 . . . 30803 1039 1 55 55 CD 30803 1039 2 . . . 30803 1040 1 + + CC 30803 1040 2 Type type NN 30803 1040 3 and and CC 30803 1040 4 Presses press NNS 30803 1040 5 in in IN 30803 1040 6 America+ America+ NNP 30803 1040 7 By by IN 30803 1040 8 F. F. NNP 30803 1040 9 W. W. NNP 30803 1040 10 Hamilton Hamilton NNP 30803 1040 11 A A NNP 30803 1040 12 brief brief JJ 30803 1040 13 historical historical JJ 30803 1040 14 sketch sketch NN 30803 1040 15 of of IN 30803 1040 16 the the DT 30803 1040 17 development development NN 30803 1040 18 of of IN 30803 1040 19 type type NN 30803 1040 20 casting casting NN 30803 1040 21 and and CC 30803 1040 22 press press NN 30803 1040 23 building building NN 30803 1040 24 in in IN 30803 1040 25 the the DT 30803 1040 26 United United NNP 30803 1040 27 States States NNP 30803 1040 28 . . . 30803 1041 1 52 52 CD 30803 1041 2 pp pp NNP 30803 1041 3 . . . 30803 1042 1 ; ; : 30803 1042 2 61 61 CD 30803 1042 3 review review NN 30803 1042 4 questions question NNS 30803 1042 5 . . . 30803 1043 1 PART PART NNP 30803 1043 2 IX--_Cost ix--_cost CD 30803 1043 3 Finding Finding NNP 30803 1043 4 and and CC 30803 1043 5 Accounting Accounting NNP 30803 1043 6 _ _ NNP 30803 1043 7 56 56 CD 30803 1043 8 . . . 30803 1044 1 + + NFP 30803 1044 2 Elements element NNS 30803 1044 3 of of IN 30803 1044 4 Cost cost NN 30803 1044 5 in in IN 30803 1044 6 Printing+ Printing+ NNP 30803 1044 7 By by IN 30803 1044 8 Henry Henry NNP 30803 1044 9 P. P. NNP 30803 1044 10 Porter Porter NNP 30803 1044 11 The the DT 30803 1044 12 Standard Standard NNP 30803 1044 13 Cost Cost NNP 30803 1044 14 - - HYPH 30803 1044 15 Finding Finding NNP 30803 1044 16 Forms Forms NNPS 30803 1044 17 and and CC 30803 1044 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 1044 19 uses use NNS 30803 1044 20 . . . 30803 1045 1 What what WP 30803 1045 2 they -PRON- PRP 30803 1045 3 should should MD 30803 1045 4 show show VB 30803 1045 5 . . . 30803 1046 1 How how WRB 30803 1046 2 to to TO 30803 1046 3 utilize utilize VB 30803 1046 4 the the DT 30803 1046 5 information information NN 30803 1046 6 they -PRON- PRP 30803 1046 7 give give VBP 30803 1046 8 . . . 30803 1047 1 Review review NN 30803 1047 2 questions question NNS 30803 1047 3 . . . 30803 1048 1 Glossary glossary NN 30803 1048 2 . . . 30803 1049 1 57 57 CD 30803 1049 2 . . . 30803 1050 1 + + NFP 30803 1050 2 Use use NN 30803 1050 3 of of IN 30803 1050 4 a a DT 30803 1050 5 Cost cost NN 30803 1050 6 System+ System+ NNP 30803 1050 7 By by IN 30803 1050 8 Henry Henry NNP 30803 1050 9 P. P. NNP 30803 1050 10 Porter Porter NNP 30803 1050 11 The the DT 30803 1050 12 Standard Standard NNP 30803 1050 13 Cost Cost NNP 30803 1050 14 - - HYPH 30803 1050 15 Finding Finding NNP 30803 1050 16 Forms Forms NNPS 30803 1050 17 and and CC 30803 1050 18 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 1050 19 uses use NNS 30803 1050 20 . . . 30803 1051 1 What what WP 30803 1051 2 they -PRON- PRP 30803 1051 3 should should MD 30803 1051 4 show show VB 30803 1051 5 . . . 30803 1052 1 How how WRB 30803 1052 2 to to TO 30803 1052 3 utilize utilize VB 30803 1052 4 the the DT 30803 1052 5 information information NN 30803 1052 6 they -PRON- PRP 30803 1052 7 give give VBP 30803 1052 8 . . . 30803 1053 1 Review review NN 30803 1053 2 questions question NNS 30803 1053 3 . . . 30803 1054 1 Glossary glossary NN 30803 1054 2 . . . 30803 1055 1 58 58 CD 30803 1055 2 . . . 30803 1056 1 + + NFP 30803 1056 2 The the DT 30803 1056 3 Printer Printer NNP 30803 1056 4 as as IN 30803 1056 5 a a DT 30803 1056 6 Merchant+ Merchant+ NNP 30803 1056 7 By by IN 30803 1056 8 Henry Henry NNP 30803 1056 9 P. P. NNP 30803 1056 10 Porter Porter NNP 30803 1056 11 The the DT 30803 1056 12 selection selection NN 30803 1056 13 and and CC 30803 1056 14 purchase purchase NN 30803 1056 15 of of IN 30803 1056 16 materials material NNS 30803 1056 17 and and CC 30803 1056 18 supplies supply NNS 30803 1056 19 for for IN 30803 1056 20 printing print VBG 30803 1056 21 . . . 30803 1057 1 The the DT 30803 1057 2 relation relation NN 30803 1057 3 of of IN 30803 1057 4 the the DT 30803 1057 5 cost cost NN 30803 1057 6 of of IN 30803 1057 7 raw raw JJ 30803 1057 8 material material NN 30803 1057 9 and and CC 30803 1057 10 the the DT 30803 1057 11 selling selling NN 30803 1057 12 price price NN 30803 1057 13 of of IN 30803 1057 14 the the DT 30803 1057 15 finished finished JJ 30803 1057 16 product product NN 30803 1057 17 . . . 30803 1058 1 Review review NN 30803 1058 2 questions question NNS 30803 1058 3 . . . 30803 1059 1 Glossary glossary NN 30803 1059 2 . . . 30803 1060 1 59 59 CD 30803 1060 2 . . . 30803 1061 1 + + NFP 30803 1061 2 Fundamental fundamental JJ 30803 1061 3 Principles Principles NNPS 30803 1061 4 of of IN 30803 1061 5 Estimating+ Estimating+ NNP 30803 1061 6 By by IN 30803 1061 7 Henry Henry NNP 30803 1061 8 P. P. NNP 30803 1061 9 Porter Porter NNP 30803 1061 10 The the DT 30803 1061 11 estimator estimator NN 30803 1061 12 and and CC 30803 1061 13 his -PRON- PRP$ 30803 1061 14 work work NN 30803 1061 15 ; ; : 30803 1061 16 forms form NNS 30803 1061 17 to to TO 30803 1061 18 use use VB 30803 1061 19 ; ; : 30803 1061 20 general general JJ 30803 1061 21 rules rule NNS 30803 1061 22 for for IN 30803 1061 23 estimating estimate VBG 30803 1061 24 . . . 30803 1062 1 Review review NN 30803 1062 2 questions question NNS 30803 1062 3 . . . 30803 1063 1 Glossary glossary NN 30803 1063 2 . . . 30803 1064 1 60 60 CD 30803 1064 2 . . . 30803 1065 1 + + NFP 30803 1065 2 Estimating Estimating NNP 30803 1065 3 and and CC 30803 1065 4 Selling+ Selling+ NNP 30803 1065 5 By by IN 30803 1065 6 Henry Henry NNP 30803 1065 7 P. P. NNP 30803 1065 8 Porter Porter NNP 30803 1065 9 An an DT 30803 1065 10 insight insight NN 30803 1065 11 into into IN 30803 1065 12 the the DT 30803 1065 13 methods method NNS 30803 1065 14 used use VBN 30803 1065 15 in in IN 30803 1065 16 making make VBG 30803 1065 17 estimates estimate NNS 30803 1065 18 , , , 30803 1065 19 and and CC 30803 1065 20 their -PRON- PRP$ 30803 1065 21 relation relation NN 30803 1065 22 to to IN 30803 1065 23 selling selling NN 30803 1065 24 . . . 30803 1066 1 Review review NN 30803 1066 2 questions question NNS 30803 1066 3 . . . 30803 1067 1 Glossary glossary NN 30803 1067 2 . . . 30803 1068 1 61 61 CD 30803 1068 2 . . . 30803 1069 1 + + NFP 30803 1069 2 Accounting account VBG 30803 1069 3 for for IN 30803 1069 4 Printers+ Printers+ NNP 30803 1069 5 By by IN 30803 1069 6 Henry Henry NNP 30803 1069 7 P. P. NNP 30803 1069 8 Porter Porter NNP 30803 1069 9 A a DT 30803 1069 10 brief brief JJ 30803 1069 11 outline outline NN 30803 1069 12 of of IN 30803 1069 13 an an DT 30803 1069 14 accounting accounting NN 30803 1069 15 system system NN 30803 1069 16 for for IN 30803 1069 17 printers printer NNS 30803 1069 18 ; ; : 30803 1069 19 necessary necessary JJ 30803 1069 20 books book NNS 30803 1069 21 and and CC 30803 1069 22 accessory accessory NN 30803 1069 23 records record NNS 30803 1069 24 . . . 30803 1070 1 Review review NN 30803 1070 2 questions question NNS 30803 1070 3 . . . 30803 1071 1 Glossary glossary NN 30803 1071 2 . . . 30803 1072 1 PART PART NNP 30803 1072 2 X--_Miscellaneous X--_Miscellaneous NNP 30803 1072 3 _ _ NNP 30803 1072 4 62 62 CD 30803 1072 5 . . . 30803 1073 1 + + NFP 30803 1073 2 Health Health NNP 30803 1073 3 , , , 30803 1073 4 Sanitation Sanitation NNP 30803 1073 5 , , , 30803 1073 6 and and CC 30803 1073 7 Safety+ Safety+ NNP 30803 1073 8 By by IN 30803 1073 9 Henry Henry NNP 30803 1073 10 P. P. NNP 30803 1073 11 Porter Porter NNP 30803 1073 12 Hygiene Hygiene NNP 30803 1073 13 in in IN 30803 1073 14 the the DT 30803 1073 15 printing printing NN 30803 1073 16 trade trade NN 30803 1073 17 ; ; : 30803 1073 18 a a DT 30803 1073 19 study study NN 30803 1073 20 of of IN 30803 1073 21 conditions condition NNS 30803 1073 22 old old JJ 30803 1073 23 and and CC 30803 1073 24 new new JJ 30803 1073 25 ; ; : 30803 1073 26 practical practical JJ 30803 1073 27 suggestions suggestion NNS 30803 1073 28 for for IN 30803 1073 29 improvement improvement NN 30803 1073 30 ; ; , 30803 1073 31 protective protective JJ 30803 1073 32 appliances appliance NNS 30803 1073 33 and and CC 30803 1073 34 rules rule NNS 30803 1073 35 for for IN 30803 1073 36 safety safety NN 30803 1073 37 . . . 30803 1074 1 63 63 CD 30803 1074 2 . . . 30803 1075 1 + + DT 30803 1075 2 Topical Topical NNP 30803 1075 3 Index+ Index+ NNP 30803 1075 4 By by IN 30803 1075 5 F. F. NNP 30803 1075 6 W. W. NNP 30803 1075 7 Hamilton Hamilton NNP 30803 1075 8 A A NNP 30803 1075 9 book book NN 30803 1075 10 of of IN 30803 1075 11 reference reference NN 30803 1075 12 covering cover VBG 30803 1075 13 the the DT 30803 1075 14 topics topic NNS 30803 1075 15 treated treat VBN 30803 1075 16 in in IN 30803 1075 17 the the DT 30803 1075 18 Typographic Typographic NNP 30803 1075 19 Technical Technical NNP 30803 1075 20 Series Series NNP 30803 1075 21 , , , 30803 1075 22 alphabetically alphabetically RB 30803 1075 23 arranged arrange VBD 30803 1075 24 . . . 30803 1076 1 64 64 CD 30803 1076 2 . . . 30803 1077 1 + + NFP 30803 1077 2 Courses Courses NNPS 30803 1077 3 of of IN 30803 1077 4 Study+ Study+ NNP 30803 1077 5 By by IN 30803 1077 6 F. F. NNP 30803 1077 7 W. W. NNP 30803 1077 8 Hamilton Hamilton NNP 30803 1077 9 A A NNP 30803 1077 10 guidebook guidebook NN 30803 1077 11 for for IN 30803 1077 12 teachers teacher NNS 30803 1077 13 , , , 30803 1077 14 with with IN 30803 1077 15 outlines outline NNS 30803 1077 16 and and CC 30803 1077 17 suggestions suggestion NNS 30803 1077 18 for for IN 30803 1077 19 classroom classroom NN 30803 1077 20 and and CC 30803 1077 21 shop shop NN 30803 1077 22 work work NN 30803 1077 23 . . . 30803 1078 1 ACKNOWLEDGMENT acknowledgment DT 30803 1078 2 This this DT 30803 1078 3 series series NN 30803 1078 4 of of IN 30803 1078 5 Typographic Typographic NNP 30803 1078 6 Text Text NNP 30803 1078 7 - - HYPH 30803 1078 8 books book NNS 30803 1078 9 is be VBZ 30803 1078 10 the the DT 30803 1078 11 result result NN 30803 1078 12 of of IN 30803 1078 13 the the DT 30803 1078 14 splendid splendid JJ 30803 1078 15 co co NN 30803 1078 16 - - NN 30803 1078 17 operation operation NN 30803 1078 18 of of IN 30803 1078 19 a a DT 30803 1078 20 large large JJ 30803 1078 21 number number NN 30803 1078 22 of of IN 30803 1078 23 firms firm NNS 30803 1078 24 and and CC 30803 1078 25 individuals individual NNS 30803 1078 26 engaged engage VBN 30803 1078 27 in in IN 30803 1078 28 the the DT 30803 1078 29 printing printing NN 30803 1078 30 business business NN 30803 1078 31 and and CC 30803 1078 32 its -PRON- PRP$ 30803 1078 33 allied ally VBN 30803 1078 34 industries industry NNS 30803 1078 35 in in IN 30803 1078 36 the the DT 30803 1078 37 United United NNP 30803 1078 38 States States NNP 30803 1078 39 of of IN 30803 1078 40 America America NNP 30803 1078 41 . . . 30803 1079 1 The the DT 30803 1079 2 Committee Committee NNP 30803 1079 3 on on IN 30803 1079 4 Education Education NNP 30803 1079 5 of of IN 30803 1079 6 the the DT 30803 1079 7 United United NNP 30803 1079 8 Typothetae Typothetae NNP 30803 1079 9 of of IN 30803 1079 10 America America NNP 30803 1079 11 , , , 30803 1079 12 under under IN 30803 1079 13 whose whose WP$ 30803 1079 14 auspices auspex NNS 30803 1079 15 the the DT 30803 1079 16 books book NNS 30803 1079 17 have have VBP 30803 1079 18 been be VBN 30803 1079 19 prepared prepare VBN 30803 1079 20 and and CC 30803 1079 21 published publish VBN 30803 1079 22 , , , 30803 1079 23 acknowledges acknowledge VBZ 30803 1079 24 its -PRON- PRP$ 30803 1079 25 indebtedness indebtedness NN 30803 1079 26 for for IN 30803 1079 27 the the DT 30803 1079 28 generous generous JJ 30803 1079 29 assistance assistance NN 30803 1079 30 rendered render VBN 30803 1079 31 by by IN 30803 1079 32 the the DT 30803 1079 33 many many JJ 30803 1079 34 authors author NNS 30803 1079 35 , , , 30803 1079 36 printers printer NNS 30803 1079 37 , , , 30803 1079 38 and and CC 30803 1079 39 others other NNS 30803 1079 40 identified identify VBN 30803 1079 41 with with IN 30803 1079 42 this this DT 30803 1079 43 work work NN 30803 1079 44 . . . 30803 1080 1 While while IN 30803 1080 2 due due JJ 30803 1080 3 acknowledgment acknowledgment NN 30803 1080 4 is be VBZ 30803 1080 5 made make VBN 30803 1080 6 on on IN 30803 1080 7 the the DT 30803 1080 8 title title NN 30803 1080 9 and and CC 30803 1080 10 copyright copyright NN 30803 1080 11 pages page NNS 30803 1080 12 of of IN 30803 1080 13 those those DT 30803 1080 14 contributing contribute VBG 30803 1080 15 to to IN 30803 1080 16 each each DT 30803 1080 17 book book NN 30803 1080 18 , , , 30803 1080 19 the the DT 30803 1080 20 Committee Committee NNP 30803 1080 21 nevertheless nevertheless RB 30803 1080 22 felt feel VBD 30803 1080 23 that that IN 30803 1080 24 a a DT 30803 1080 25 group group NN 30803 1080 26 list list NN 30803 1080 27 of of IN 30803 1080 28 co co NN 30803 1080 29 - - JJ 30803 1080 30 operating operating NN 30803 1080 31 firms firm NNS 30803 1080 32 would would MD 30803 1080 33 be be VB 30803 1080 34 of of IN 30803 1080 35 interest interest NN 30803 1080 36 . . . 30803 1081 1 The the DT 30803 1081 2 following following JJ 30803 1081 3 list list NN 30803 1081 4 is be VBZ 30803 1081 5 not not RB 30803 1081 6 complete complete JJ 30803 1081 7 , , , 30803 1081 8 as as IN 30803 1081 9 it -PRON- PRP 30803 1081 10 includes include VBZ 30803 1081 11 only only RB 30803 1081 12 those those DT 30803 1081 13 who who WP 30803 1081 14 have have VBP 30803 1081 15 co co VBN 30803 1081 16 - - VBN 30803 1081 17 operated operate VBN 30803 1081 18 in in IN 30803 1081 19 the the DT 30803 1081 20 production production NN 30803 1081 21 of of IN 30803 1081 22 a a DT 30803 1081 23 portion portion NN 30803 1081 24 of of IN 30803 1081 25 the the DT 30803 1081 26 volumes volume NNS 30803 1081 27 , , , 30803 1081 28 constituting constitute VBG 30803 1081 29 the the DT 30803 1081 30 first first JJ 30803 1081 31 printing printing NN 30803 1081 32 . . . 30803 1082 1 As as RB 30803 1082 2 soon soon RB 30803 1082 3 as as IN 30803 1082 4 the the DT 30803 1082 5 entire entire JJ 30803 1082 6 list list NN 30803 1082 7 of of IN 30803 1082 8 books book NNS 30803 1082 9 comprising comprise VBG 30803 1082 10 the the DT 30803 1082 11 Typographic Typographic NNP 30803 1082 12 Technical Technical NNP 30803 1082 13 Series Series NNP 30803 1082 14 has have VBZ 30803 1082 15 been be VBN 30803 1082 16 completed complete VBN 30803 1082 17 ( ( -LRB- 30803 1082 18 which which WDT 30803 1082 19 the the DT 30803 1082 20 Committee Committee NNP 30803 1082 21 hopes hope VBZ 30803 1082 22 will will MD 30803 1082 23 be be VB 30803 1082 24 at at IN 30803 1082 25 an an DT 30803 1082 26 early early JJ 30803 1082 27 date date NN 30803 1082 28 ) ) -RRB- 30803 1082 29 , , , 30803 1082 30 the the DT 30803 1082 31 full full JJ 30803 1082 32 list list NN 30803 1082 33 will will MD 30803 1082 34 be be VB 30803 1082 35 printed print VBN 30803 1082 36 in in IN 30803 1082 37 each each DT 30803 1082 38 volume volume NN 30803 1082 39 . . . 30803 1083 1 The the DT 30803 1083 2 Committee Committee NNP 30803 1083 3 also also RB 30803 1083 4 desires desire VBZ 30803 1083 5 to to TO 30803 1083 6 acknowledge acknowledge VB 30803 1083 7 its -PRON- PRP$ 30803 1083 8 indebtedness indebtedness NN 30803 1083 9 to to IN 30803 1083 10 the the DT 30803 1083 11 many many JJ 30803 1083 12 subscribers subscriber NNS 30803 1083 13 to to IN 30803 1083 14 this this DT 30803 1083 15 Series series NN 30803 1083 16 who who WP 30803 1083 17 have have VBP 30803 1083 18 patiently patiently RB 30803 1083 19 awaited await VBN 30803 1083 20 its -PRON- PRP$ 30803 1083 21 publication publication NN 30803 1083 22 . . . 30803 1084 1 COMMITTEE COMMITTEE NNP 30803 1084 2 ON on IN 30803 1084 3 EDUCATION EDUCATION NNP 30803 1084 4 , , , 30803 1084 5 UNITED UNITED NNP 30803 1084 6 TYPOTHETAE TYPOTHETAE NNP 30803 1084 7 OF of IN 30803 1084 8 AMERICA AMERICA NNP 30803 1084 9 . . . 30803 1085 1 HENRY HENRY NNP 30803 1085 2 P. P. NNP 30803 1085 3 PORTER PORTER NNP 30803 1085 4 , , , 30803 1085 5 _ _ NNP 30803 1085 6 Chairman Chairman NNP 30803 1085 7 _ _ NNP 30803 1085 8 , , , 30803 1085 9 E. E. NNP 30803 1085 10 LAWRENCE LAWRENCE NNP 30803 1085 11 FELL FELL NNP 30803 1085 12 , , , 30803 1085 13 A. A. NNP 30803 1085 14 M. M. NNP 30803 1085 15 GLOSSBRENNER GLOSSBRENNER NNP 30803 1085 16 , , , 30803 1085 17 J. J. NNP 30803 1085 18 CLYDE CLYDE NNP 30803 1085 19 OSWALD OSWALD VBD 30803 1085 20 , , , 30803 1085 21 TOBY TOBY NNS 30803 1085 22 RUBOVITS RUBOVITS NNP 30803 1085 23 . . . 30803 1086 1 FREDERICK FREDERICK NNP 30803 1086 2 W. W. NNP 30803 1086 3 HAMILTON HAMILTON NNP 30803 1086 4 , , , 30803 1086 5 _ _ NNP 30803 1086 6 Education Education NNP 30803 1086 7 Director Director NNP 30803 1086 8 _ _ NNP 30803 1086 9 . . . 30803 1087 1 CONTRIBUTORS CONTRIBUTORS NNP 30803 1087 2 + + SYM 30803 1087 3 For for IN 30803 1087 4 Composition Composition NNP 30803 1087 5 and and CC 30803 1087 6 Electrotypes+ Electrotypes+ NNP 30803 1087 7 ISAAC ISAAC NNP 30803 1087 8 H. H. NNP 30803 1087 9 BLANCHARD BLANCHARD NNP 30803 1087 10 COMPANY COMPANY NNP 30803 1087 11 , , , 30803 1087 12 New New NNP 30803 1087 13 York York NNP 30803 1087 14 , , , 30803 1087 15 N. N. NNP 30803 1087 16 Y. Y. NNP 30803 1087 17 S. S. NNP 30803 1087 18 H. H. NNP 30803 1087 19 BURBANK BURBANK NNP 30803 1087 20 & & CC 30803 1087 21 CO CO NNP 30803 1087 22 . . NNP 30803 1087 23 , , , 30803 1087 24 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP 30803 1087 25 , , , 30803 1087 26 Pa. Pennsylvania NNP 30803 1087 27 J. J. NNP 30803 1087 28 S. S. NNP 30803 1087 29 CUSHING CUSHING NNP 30803 1087 30 & & CC 30803 1087 31 CO CO NNP 30803 1087 32 . . NNP 30803 1087 33 , , , 30803 1087 34 Norwood Norwood NNP 30803 1087 35 , , , 30803 1087 36 Mass. Massachusetts NNP 30803 1088 1 THE the DT 30803 1088 2 DEVINNE DEVINNE NNP 30803 1088 3 PRESS PRESS NNP 30803 1088 4 , , , 30803 1088 5 New New NNP 30803 1088 6 York York NNP 30803 1088 7 , , , 30803 1088 8 N. N. NNP 30803 1088 9 Y. Y. NNP 30803 1088 10 R. R. NNP 30803 1088 11 R. R. NNP 30803 1088 12 DONNELLEY DONNELLEY NNP 30803 1088 13 & & CC 30803 1088 14 SONS SONS NNP 30803 1088 15 CO CO NNP 30803 1088 16 . . NNP 30803 1088 17 , , , 30803 1088 18 Chicago Chicago NNP 30803 1088 19 , , , 30803 1088 20 Ill. Illinois NNP 30803 1088 21 GEO GEO NNP 30803 1088 22 . . . 30803 1089 1 H. H. NNP 30803 1089 2 ELLIS ELLIS NNP 30803 1089 3 CO CO NNP 30803 1089 4 . . NNP 30803 1089 5 , , , 30803 1089 6 Boston Boston NNP 30803 1089 7 , , , 30803 1089 8 Mass. Massachusetts NNP 30803 1090 1 EVANS EVANS NNP 30803 1090 2 - - HYPH 30803 1090 3 WINTER WINTER NNP 30803 1090 4 - - HYPH 30803 1090 5 HEBB HEBB NNP 30803 1090 6 , , , 30803 1090 7 Detroit Detroit NNP 30803 1090 8 , , , 30803 1090 9 Mich. Michigan NNP 30803 1090 10 FRANKLIN FRANKLIN NNP 30803 1090 11 PRINTING print VBG 30803 1090 12 COMPANY COMPANY NNP 30803 1090 13 , , , 30803 1090 14 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP 30803 1090 15 , , , 30803 1090 16 Pa. Pennsylvania NNP 30803 1090 17 F. F. NNP 30803 1090 18 H. H. NNP 30803 1090 19 GILSON GILSON NNP 30803 1090 20 COMPANY COMPANY NNP 30803 1090 21 , , , 30803 1090 22 Boston Boston NNP 30803 1090 23 , , , 30803 1090 24 Mass. Massachusetts NNP 30803 1091 1 STEPHEN STEPHEN NNP 30803 1091 2 GREENE GREENE NNP 30803 1091 3 & & CC 30803 1091 4 CO CO NNP 30803 1091 5 . . NNP 30803 1091 6 , , , 30803 1091 7 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP 30803 1091 8 , , , 30803 1091 9 Pa. Pennsylvania NNP 30803 1091 10 W. W. NNP 30803 1091 11 F. F. NNP 30803 1091 12 HALL HALL NNP 30803 1091 13 PRINTING PRINTING NNP 30803 1091 14 CO CO NNP 30803 1091 15 . . NNP 30803 1091 16 , , , 30803 1091 17 Chicago Chicago NNP 30803 1091 18 , , , 30803 1091 19 Ill. Illinois NNP 30803 1091 20 J. J. NNP 30803 1092 1 B. B. NNP 30803 1092 2 LIPPINCOTT LIPPINCOTT NNP 30803 1092 3 CO CO NNP 30803 1092 4 . . NNP 30803 1092 5 , , , 30803 1092 6 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP 30803 1092 7 , , , 30803 1092 8 Pa. Pennsylvania NNP 30803 1092 9 MCCALLA MCCALLA NNP 30803 1092 10 & & CC 30803 1092 11 CO CO NNP 30803 1092 12 . . . 30803 1092 13 INC INC NNP 30803 1092 14 . . NNP 30803 1092 15 , , , 30803 1092 16 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP 30803 1092 17 , , , 30803 1092 18 Pa. Pennsylvania NNP 30803 1093 1 THE the DT 30803 1093 2 PATTESON PATTESON NNP 30803 1093 3 PRESS PRESS NNP 30803 1093 4 , , , 30803 1093 5 New New NNP 30803 1093 6 York York NNP 30803 1093 7 , , , 30803 1093 8 New New NNP 30803 1093 9 York York NNP 30803 1093 10 THE the DT 30803 1093 11 PLIMPTON PLIMPTON NNP 30803 1093 12 PRESS PRESS NNP 30803 1093 13 , , , 30803 1093 14 Norwood Norwood NNP 30803 1093 15 , , , 30803 1093 16 Mass. Massachusetts NNP 30803 1094 1 POOLE POOLE NNP 30803 1094 2 BROS BROS NNP 30803 1094 3 . . NNP 30803 1094 4 , , , 30803 1094 5 Chicago Chicago NNP 30803 1094 6 , , , 30803 1094 7 Ill. Illinois NNP 30803 1094 8 EDWARD EDWARD NNP 30803 1094 9 STERN STERN NNP 30803 1094 10 & & CC 30803 1094 11 CO CO NNP 30803 1094 12 . . NNP 30803 1094 13 , , , 30803 1094 14 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP 30803 1094 15 , , , 30803 1094 16 Pa. Pennsylvania NNP 30803 1095 1 THE the DT 30803 1095 2 STONE STONE NNP 30803 1095 3 PRINTING PRINTING NNP 30803 1095 4 & & CC 30803 1095 5 MFG MFG NNP 30803 1095 6 . . . 30803 1096 1 CO CO NNP 30803 1096 2 . . NNP 30803 1096 3 , , , 30803 1096 4 Roanoke Roanoke NNP 30803 1096 5 , , , 30803 1096 6 Va. Virginia NNP 30803 1096 7 C. C. NNP 30803 1096 8 D. D. NNP 30803 1096 9 TRAPHAGEN TRAPHAGEN NNP 30803 1096 10 , , , 30803 1096 11 Lincoln Lincoln NNP 30803 1096 12 , , , 30803 1096 13 Neb. Nebraska NNP 30803 1097 1 THE the DT 30803 1097 2 UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY NNP 30803 1097 3 PRESS PRESS NNP 30803 1097 4 , , , 30803 1097 5 Cambridge Cambridge NNP 30803 1097 6 , , , 30803 1097 7 Mass. Massachusetts NNP 30803 1098 1 + + CC 30803 1098 2 For for IN 30803 1098 3 Composition+ Composition+ NNP 30803 1098 4 BOSTON BOSTON NNP 30803 1098 5 TYPOTHETAE TYPOTHETAE NNP 30803 1098 6 SCHOOL SCHOOL NNP 30803 1098 7 OF of IN 30803 1098 8 PRINTING PRINTING NNP 30803 1098 9 , , , 30803 1098 10 Boston Boston NNP 30803 1098 11 , , , 30803 1098 12 Mass. Massachusetts NNP 30803 1099 1 WILLIAM WILLIAM NNP 30803 1099 2 F. F. NNP 30803 1099 3 FELL FELL NNP 30803 1099 4 CO CO NNP 30803 1099 5 . . NNP 30803 1099 6 , , , 30803 1099 7 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP 30803 1099 8 , , , 30803 1099 9 Pa. Pennsylvania NNP 30803 1100 1 THE the DT 30803 1100 2 KALKHOFF KALKHOFF NNP 30803 1100 3 COMPANY COMPANY NNP 30803 1100 4 , , , 30803 1100 5 New New NNP 30803 1100 6 York York NNP 30803 1100 7 , , , 30803 1100 8 N. N. NNP 30803 1100 9 Y. Y. NNP 30803 1100 10 OXFORD OXFORD NNP 30803 1100 11 - - HYPH 30803 1100 12 PRINT PRINT NNP 30803 1100 13 , , , 30803 1100 14 Boston Boston NNP 30803 1100 15 , , , 30803 1100 16 Mass. Massachusetts NNP 30803 1101 1 TOBY TOBY NNP 30803 1101 2 RUBOVITS RUBOVITS NNP 30803 1101 3 , , , 30803 1101 4 Chicago Chicago NNP 30803 1101 5 , , , 30803 1101 6 Ill. Illinois NNP 30803 1101 7 + + CC 30803 1101 8 For for IN 30803 1101 9 Electrotypes+ Electrotypes+ NNP 30803 1101 10 BLOMGREN BLOMGREN NNP 30803 1101 11 BROTHERS BROTHERS NNPS 30803 1101 12 CO CO NNP 30803 1101 13 . . NNP 30803 1101 14 , , , 30803 1101 15 Chicago Chicago NNP 30803 1101 16 , , , 30803 1101 17 Ill. Illinois NNP 30803 1102 1 FLOWER FLOWER NNP 30803 1102 2 STEEL STEEL NNP 30803 1102 3 ELECTROTYPING ELECTROTYPING NNP 30803 1102 4 CO CO NNP 30803 1102 5 . . NNP 30803 1102 6 , , , 30803 1102 7 New New NNP 30803 1102 8 York York NNP 30803 1102 9 , , , 30803 1102 10 N. N. NNP 30803 1102 11 Y. Y. NNP 30803 1102 12 C. C. NNP 30803 1102 13 J. J. NNP 30803 1102 14 PETERS PETERS NNP 30803 1102 15 & & CC 30803 1102 16 SON SON NNP 30803 1102 17 CO CO NNP 30803 1102 18 . . NNP 30803 1102 19 , , , 30803 1102 20 Boston Boston NNP 30803 1102 21 , , , 30803 1102 22 Mass. Massachusetts NNP 30803 1103 1 ROYAL ROYAL NNP 30803 1103 2 ELECTROTYPE ELECTROTYPE NNP 30803 1103 3 CO CO NNP 30803 1103 4 . . NNP 30803 1103 5 , , , 30803 1103 6 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP 30803 1103 7 , , , 30803 1103 8 Pa. Pennsylvania NNP 30803 1103 9 H. H. NNP 30803 1103 10 C. C. NNP 30803 1103 11 WHITCOMB WHITCOMB NNP 30803 1103 12 & & CC 30803 1103 13 CO CO NNP 30803 1103 14 . . NNP 30803 1103 15 , , , 30803 1103 16 Boston Boston NNP 30803 1103 17 , , , 30803 1103 18 Mass. Massachusetts NNP 30803 1104 1 + + CC 30803 1104 2 For for IN 30803 1104 3 Engravings+ Engravings+ NNP 30803 1104 4 AMERICAN AMERICAN NNP 30803 1104 5 TYPE TYPE NNP 30803 1104 6 FOUNDERS FOUNDERS NNP 30803 1104 7 CO CO NNP 30803 1104 8 . . NNP 30803 1104 9 , , , 30803 1104 10 Boston Boston NNP 30803 1104 11 , , , 30803 1104 12 Mass. Massachusetts NNP 30803 1105 1 C. C. NNP 30803 1105 2 B. B. NNP 30803 1105 3 COTTRELL COTTRELL NNP 30803 1105 4 & & CC 30803 1105 5 SONS SONS NNP 30803 1105 6 CO CO NNP 30803 1105 7 . . NNP 30803 1105 8 , , , 30803 1105 9 Westerly Westerly NNP 30803 1105 10 , , , 30803 1105 11 R. R. NNP 30803 1105 12 I. I. NNP 30803 1105 13 GOLDING golde VBG 30803 1105 14 MANUFACTURING MANUFACTURING NNP 30803 1105 15 CO CO NNP 30803 1105 16 . . NNP 30803 1105 17 , , , 30803 1105 18 Franklin Franklin NNP 30803 1105 19 , , , 30803 1105 20 Mass. Massachusetts NNP 30803 1106 1 HARVARD HARVARD NNP 30803 1106 2 UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY NNP 30803 1106 3 , , , 30803 1106 4 Cambridge Cambridge NNP 30803 1106 5 , , , 30803 1106 6 Mass. Massachusetts NNP 30803 1107 1 INLAND INLAND NNP 30803 1107 2 PRINTER PRINTER NNP 30803 1107 3 CO CO NNP 30803 1107 4 . . NNP 30803 1107 5 , , , 30803 1107 6 Chicago Chicago NNP 30803 1107 7 , , , 30803 1107 8 Ill. Illinois NNP 30803 1107 9 LANSTON LANSTON NNP 30803 1107 10 MONOTYPE MONOTYPE NNP 30803 1107 11 MACHINE MACHINE NNP 30803 1107 12 COMPANY COMPANY NNP 30803 1107 13 , , , 30803 1107 14 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP 30803 1107 15 , , , 30803 1107 16 Pa. Pennsylvania NNP 30803 1107 17 MERGENTHALER MERGENTHALER NNP 30803 1107 18 LINOTYPE LINOTYPE NNP 30803 1107 19 COMPANY COMPANY NNP 30803 1107 20 , , , 30803 1107 21 New New NNP 30803 1107 22 York York NNP 30803 1107 23 , , , 30803 1107 24 N. N. NNP 30803 1107 25 Y. Y. NNP 30803 1107 26 GEO GEO NNP 30803 1107 27 . . . 30803 1108 1 H. H. NNP 30803 1108 2 MORRILL MORRILL NNP 30803 1108 3 CO CO NNP 30803 1108 4 . . NNP 30803 1108 5 , , , 30803 1108 6 Norwood Norwood NNP 30803 1108 7 , , , 30803 1108 8 Mass. Massachusetts NNP 30803 1109 1 OSWALD OSWALD NNP 30803 1109 2 PUBLISHING PUBLISHING NNP 30803 1109 3 CO CO NNP 30803 1109 4 . . NNP 30803 1109 5 , , , 30803 1109 6 New New NNP 30803 1109 7 York York NNP 30803 1109 8 , , , 30803 1109 9 N. N. NNP 30803 1109 10 Y. Y. NNP 30803 1110 1 THE the DT 30803 1110 2 PRINTING printing NN 30803 1110 3 ART ART NNP 30803 1110 4 , , , 30803 1110 5 Cambridge Cambridge NNP 30803 1110 6 , , , 30803 1110 7 Mass. Massachusetts NNP 30803 1111 1 B. B. NNP 30803 1111 2 D. D. NNP 30803 1111 3 RISING rise VBG 30803 1111 4 PAPER PAPER NNP 30803 1111 5 COMPANY COMPANY NNP 30803 1111 6 , , , 30803 1111 7 Housatonic Housatonic NNP 30803 1111 8 , , , 30803 1111 9 Mass. Massachusetts NNP 30803 1112 1 THE the DT 30803 1112 2 VANDERCOOK vandercook NN 30803 1112 3 PRESS PRESS NNP 30803 1112 4 , , , 30803 1112 5 Chicago Chicago NNP 30803 1112 6 , , , 30803 1112 7 Ill. Illinois NNP 30803 1112 8 + + CC 30803 1112 9 For for IN 30803 1112 10 Book Book NNP 30803 1112 11 Paper+ Paper+ NNP 30803 1112 12 AMERICAN AMERICAN NNP 30803 1112 13 WRITING WRITING NNP 30803 1112 14 PAPER PAPER NNP 30803 1112 15 CO CO NNP 30803 1112 16 . . NNP 30803 1112 17 , , , 30803 1112 18 Holyoke Holyoke NNP 30803 1112 19 , , , 30803 1112 20 Mass. Massachusetts NNP 30803 1113 1 WEST WEST NNP 30803 1113 2 VIRGINIA VIRGINIA NNP 30803 1113 3 PULP PULP NNP 30803 1113 4 & & CC 30803 1113 5 PAPER PAPER NNP 30803 1113 6 CO CO NNP 30803 1113 7 . . NNP 30803 1113 8 , , , 30803 1113 9 Mechanicville Mechanicville NNP 30803 1113 10 , , , 30803 1113 11 N. N. NNP 30803 1113 12 Y. Y. NNP 30803 1113 13 Transcriber Transcriber NNP 30803 1113 14 's 's POS 30803 1113 15 Notes note NNS 30803 1113 16 : : : 30803 1113 17 Passages passage NNS 30803 1113 18 in in IN 30803 1113 19 italics italic NNS 30803 1113 20 are be VBP 30803 1113 21 indicated indicate VBN 30803 1113 22 by by IN 30803 1113 23 _ _ NNP 30803 1113 24 underscore underscore NNP 30803 1113 25 _ _ NNP 30803 1113 26 . . . 30803 1114 1 Passages passage NNS 30803 1114 2 in in IN 30803 1114 3 bold bold JJ 30803 1114 4 are be VBP 30803 1114 5 indicated indicate VBN 30803 1114 6 by by IN 30803 1114 7 + + CC 30803 1114 8 bold+ bold+ NNP 30803 1114 9 . . .