# ent

id: 10060
type: WORK_OF_ART
entity:
  The Presidential Address to the Meeting of the British Association for the Advancement of Science at Liverpool


# bib

id: 16487
author: Conn, H. W. (Herbert William)
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  of Nature''s power of building machines--The origin of the cell ==The Mechanical Nature of Living Organisms.==--This new attitude forced the powers of the living organism and the forces of heat and chemical forces, explain the activities taking place in the living organism? the body of the animal is formed out of these cells, and when it is or plant which produced it, begins to divide, as already shown in Fig. 8, and the many cells which arise from it eventually form the new The cell is simply a bit of protoplasm and is the unit of living matter. that the simplest living machine is the cell whose study must always The living machine has developed by natural processes, all animal and plant machines have been built up from the simple cell as the building during which this cell machine was built by certain natural machine upon whose activities all vital phenomena rest--the living cell.

title:
  The Story of the Living Machine A Review of the Conclusions of Modern Biology in Regard to the Mechanism Which Controls the Phenomena of Living Activity


id: 16136
title: American Addresses, with a Lecture on the Study of Biology
author: Huxley, Thomas Henry
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  into existence at no great distance of time from the present; and that existing animals and plants are taken by other forms, as numerous and indications of the existence of terrestrial animals, other than birds, period as four thousand years, no form of the hypothesis of evolution animals which are so closely allied to existing forms that, at one time, remains, and present the appearance of beds of rock formed under of organic remains in a deposit, that animals or plants did not exist at tertiary rocks; but, so far as our present knowledge goes, the birds of The horse is in many ways a remarkable animal; not least so in the fact we find animals which are extremely like horses--which, in fact, are so so far as our present knowledge extends, the history of the horse-type five great modifications of the animal form; and the like is true in


id: 18911
author: Wilson, Edmund B. (Edmund Beecher)
txt: ./txt/18911.txt
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  not, in fact, denote any particular science but is a generic term general are the phenomena of life related to those of the non-living In its bearing on man''s place in nature this question is one of the merely mechanical principles of nature, much less can we explain them; biologist of to-day views the matter differently; and I shall give his nature and origin of organic adaptations. life is "response to the order of nature." This seems a long way from Without attempting adequately to illustrate the nature of organic found in certain cases, including animals as highly organized as Such combinations appear in definite series, the nature of which may fundamental problem is, how far the process may be mechanically this problem relates to the origin of organic adaptations, the But Darwin himself did not consider natural selection as an adequate mutations, any adequate general theory of evolution must explain the

title:
  Biology A lecture delivered at Columbia University in the series on Science, Philosophy and Art November 20, 1907


id: 21781
title: Text Book of Biology, Part 1: Vertebrata
author: Wells, H. G. (Herbert George)
txt: ./txt/21781.txt
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  organic mechanism, our sections upon the frog and dog-fish, and the alimentary canal or by certain organs called glands, which open be seen by gently scraping the roof of a frog''s mouth (the cells figured Figure 2 gives a dorsal view of the rabbit''s brain; a (Rabbit, Section 2) of the frog; the tail is absent-in a fish it would do Describe, with figures, the brain of a frog, and compare it with that body-wall muscle, and connected with a line of sense organs similar If the student will compare Figure 10 of the frog, and, like the corresponding arch in the frog, forms the carotid artery; frog, as compared with the rabbit and dog-fish, notably in the skull frog, amphioxus, rabbit, and dog-fish. 1. Compare the brain of the frog with that of the rabbit. 2. Compare the vertebrae of dog-fish, rabbit, and frog.


id: 10060
title: Discourses: Biological & Geological Essays
author: Huxley, Thomas Henry
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  And in respect of certain groups of animals, the wellestablished facts of paleontology leave no rational doubt that they arose existence of living _Globigerinoe_ at great depths, which are based upon shells of animals which live in different zones of depth will prove that true cretaceous forms may be discovered in the deep sea, the modern types highly-organized animals do continue to live at a depth of 300 and 400 calcareous element of the deep-sea "chalk" owes its existence, the fact organic formation like chalk; that, as a matter of fact, an area on the time or other, formed part of the organized framework of living living things, whence the two great series of plants and animals have forming in the midst of a sea which swarms with living beings, the great [Footnote 1: There is every reason to believe that living plants, like diameter, when magnified 400 times; but forms of living matter abound,


id: 39969
title: A Civic Biology, Presented in Problems
author: Hunter, George W. (George William)
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summary:
  Plants furnish man with the greater part of his food in the form conditions in their surroundings in order to live: water, air, food, a All Animals depend on Green Plants.--But insects in their turn are the food _(d) How a plant or animal is able to use its food supply._ _(e) How a plant or animal prepares food to use in various parts all our work with plants and animals that the problem of food supply is the bodies of all animals, including man, starchy foods are changed in a called pitcher plants, use as food the decayed bodies of insects which fall in soil, from the bodies of dead plants and animals, or even from foods and other parts of growing plants useful to man as food. A living plant or animal takes organic food, water, and oxygen Needs of plants and animals: (1) food, (2) water, (3)


id: 49818
title: Animal Life and Intelligence
author: Morgan, C. Lloyd (Conwy Lloyd)
txt: ./txt/49818.txt
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summary:
  the matter, that a general work on Animal Life and Intelligence, if organisms are formed either of single cells or of a number of related animals the cells in different parts of the body take on different forms individual is produced from some group of cells in the parent organism. In higher forms of life the organs which are set apart for the the organic world called forth by the action of natural elimination. the higher forms of animal life, the organisms are either female representative cell-germs, should develop into an organism resembling the chapter on "Organic Evolution," the varied forms of animal life are difference is that one school says the organ is developed in the species variations in the end-organs of the special senses, fitting them to be And this naturally suggests the question whether those sense-organs in process of organic elimination through natural selection.


id: 54612
title: The Principles of Biology, Volume 1 (of 2)
author: Spencer, Herbert
txt: ./txt/54612.txt
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summary:
  produce changes of molecular arrangement in organic matter. A certain general trait of animal organization may fitly be named distinguishes the changes taking place in an organism during life from The facts of structure shown in an individual organism, are of two The structural changes which any series of individual organisms exhibits, which the force generated in organisms by chemical change, is transformed structures in individual organisms, come the facts showing that functions, and presently unite to form certain parts of the growing structures. together, form the different organs: we have to observe the general and certain general truths displayed by animal organization at large. germ-cells, in some cases arising in different organs set apart for their causes by which organic forms are changed. occurrence in other organic forms, of changes great enough to produce what different parts are exposed, every individual organic aggregate, like all


id: 58867
title: Biology and Its Makers With Portraits and Other Illustrations
author: Locy, William A. (William Albert)
txt: ./txt/58867.txt
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summary:
  Natural history had a parallel development with comparative anatomy, animals and plants, greatly advanced the subject of natural history. Von Baer, by his studies of the development of animal life, supplied Besides working on the structure and life-histories of animals, by his great work on the development of animals in 1828, before the organization of animal and plant life, he did much to extend the number of studies upon the structure of organisms, both plant and animal, cell-theory into better form, and in 1858 published a work on _Cellular life in animals and vegetables, a work that had general influence life had a great influence in the development of higher animal forms. different kinds of animals and plants, in working out their anatomy and The theory of organic evolution relates to the history of animal and plant life, while Darwin''s theory of natural selection is only one of


