A sermon preached on the fast-day, November 13, 1678, at St. Margarets Westminster, before the Honourable House of Commons by Edward Stillingfleet ...
         Stillingfleet, Edward, 1635-1699.
      
       
         
           1678
        
      
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             A sermon preached on the fast-day, November 13, 1678, at St. Margarets Westminster, before the Honourable House of Commons by Edward Stillingfleet ...
             Stillingfleet, Edward, 1635-1699.
          
           [4], 52 p.
           
             Printed by Margaret White for Henry Mortlock ...,
             London :
             1678.
          
           
             Running title: A fast-sermon preached Nov. 13, before the House of Commons.
             Reproduction of original in Duke University Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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           Bible. -- O.T. -- Samuel, 1st, XII, 24-25 -- Sermons.
           Fast-day sermons.
        
      
    
     
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                 Jovis
              
               14.
               
                 die
              
               Novembris
               ,
               1678.
               
            
          
        
         
           
             Ordered
             ,
          
        
         
           THAT
           the
           Thanks
           of
           this
           House
           be
           returned
           to
           Dr.
           
             Stillingfleet
             ,
          
           Dean
           of
           St.
           
             Pauls
             ,
          
           for
           his
           Sermon
           yesterday
           Preached
           before
           this
           House
           at
           St.
           
             Margarets
             Westminster
             :
          
           And
           that
           he
           be
           desired
           to
           Print
           his
           Sermon
           .
        
         
           And
           Coll.
           
             Titus
          
           is
           desired
           to
           give
           him
           the
           Thanks
           of
           the
           House
           ,
           and
           to
           acquaint
           him
           with
           the
           desire
           of
           this
           House
           to
           Print
           his
           Sermon
           .
        
         
           
             Will
             Goldesbrough
             ,
             Cler.
             Dom.
             Com.
             
          
        
      
       
         
         
           A
           SERMON
           Preached
           on
           the
           
             FAST-DAY
          
           November
           13.
           1678.
           
        
         
           AT
           S
           
             t
          
           MARGARETS
           WESTMINSTER
           Before
           the
           HONOURABLE
           HOUSE
           of
           COMMONS
        
         
           By
           EDWARD
           STILLINGFLEET
           ,
           D.
           D.
           Dean●
           St.
           
           Paul's
           ,
           and
           Chaplain
           in
           Ordinary
           to
           His
           Majesty
           .
        
         
           
             LONDON
             ,
          
           Printed
           by
           
             Margaret
             White
             ,
          
           for
           
             Henry
             Mortlock
          
           at
           the
           Ph●●●
           St.
           
           Paul's
           Church-Yard
           ,
           and
           at
           the
           White
           Hart
           in
           
             Westminster
          
           Hall.
           1678.
           
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
         
           
             1
             Sam
             12.
             24
             ,
             25.
             
          
           
             
               Only
               fear
               the
               Lord
               ,
               and
               serve
               him
               in
               truth
               with
               all
               your
               heart
               :
               for
               consider
               how
               great
               things
               he
               hath
               done
               for
               you
               .
            
             
               But
               if
               ye
               shall
               still
               do
               wickedly
               ,
               ye
               shall
               be
               consumed
               both
               ye
               and
               your
               King.
               
            
          
        
         
           IT
           hath
           been
           well
           observed
           by
           some
           ,
           that
           those
           who
           look
           at
           a
           distance
           upon
           humane
           asfairs
           are
           apt
           to
           think
           that
           the
           good
           or
           bad
           success
           of
           them
           depends
           wholly
           upon
           the
           Wisdom
           and
           Conduct
           of
           those
           who
           manage
           them
           ;
           others
           who
           look
           nearer
           into
           them
           and
           discern
           the
           many
           intervening
           and
           unforeseen
           accidents
           which
           often
           alter
           and
           disappoint
           the
           Counsels
           of
           men
           ,
           are
           ready
           to
           attribute
           the
           events
           of
           things
           rather
           to
           Chance
           than
           Wisdom
           :
           but
           those
           who
           have
           made
           the
           deepest
           search
           and
           the
           strictest
           enquiry
           ,
           
           have
           most
           firmly
           believed
           a
           Divine
           Providence
           
           which
           over-rules
           all
           the
           Counsels
           and
           Affairs
           of
           men
           ;
           and
           sometimes
           blasts
           the
           most
           probable
           designs
           ,
           sometimes
           prospers
           the
           most
           unlikely
           attempts
           ,
           to
           let
           us
           see
           that
           though
           
             there
             be
             many
             devices
             in
             mens
             hearts
             ,
             yet
             the
             Counsel
             of
             the
             Lord
          
           
           
             that
             sh●●l
             stand
             .
          
           We
           live
           in
           an
           age
           not
           over
           prone
           to
           admire
           and
           take
           notice
           of
           any
           remarkable
           instances
           of
           Divine
           Providence
           either
           in
           our
           preservation
           from
           dangers
           or
           deliverances
           out
           of
           them
           ;
           for
           so
           great
           is
           the
           security
           of
           some
           men
           that
           they
           are
           unwilling
           to
           apprehend
           any
           danger
           till
           they
           fall
           into
           it
           ,
           and
           if
           they
           escape
           will
           hardly
           believe
           they
           were
           ever
           in
           it
           ;
           and
           such
           is
           the
           concernment
           of
           others
           to
           baffle
           all
           evidences
           of
           truth
           wherein
           their
           own
           guilt
           is
           involved
           ,
           that
           they
           all
           agree
           in
           robbing
           God
           of
           the
           honour
           of
           his
           Mercy
           ,
           and
           our selves
           of
           the
           comfort
           of
           his
           Protection
           .
           But
           blessed
           be
           that
           God
           who
           hath
           hitherto
           defeated
           all
           the
           secret
           ,
           and
           subtile
           ,
           and
           cruel
           designs
           of
           his
           and
           our
           Churches
           enemies
           ;
           and
           hath
           given
           us
           the
           liberty
           and
           opportunity
           of
           this
           day
           to
           meet
           together
           to
           implore
           the
           continuance
           of
           his
           favour
           and
           mercy
           towards
           us
           in
           the
           preservation
           of
           His
           Majesties
           person
           ;
           for
           in
           praying
           for
           him
           we
           pray
           for
           our selves
           ,
           since
           our
           own
           welfare
           doth
           so
           much
           depend
           upon
           His.
           
        
         
           When
           we
           look
           back
           upon
           the
           
             History
          
           of
           this
           
             Church
          
           ever
           since
           the
           
             Reformation
          
           of
           it
           ,
           we
           may
           observe
           
           such
           a
           wonderful
           
             series
          
           of
           Divine
           Providence
           going
           along
           with
           it
           ,
           that
           we
           have
           the
           less
           reason
           to
           be
           discouraged
           with
           present
           difficulties
           or
           disheartned
           with
           the
           fears
           of
           future
           dangers
           .
           What
           struglings
           did
           it
           meet
           with
           in
           the
           Birth
           ?
           And
           although
           it
           were
           therein
           like
           
             Jacob
             who
             took
             hold
             of
             the
             heel
             of
             his
             Brother
             and
             at
             last
             obtained
             the
             blessing
             ;
          
           yet
           the
           Romish
           party
           got
           the
           start
           
             like
          
           Esau
           ,
           
             and
          
           
           
             came
             forth
             all
             red
             and
             hairy
             ,
          
           full
           of
           blood
           and
           cruelty
           ;
           
             and
             the
             old
             Dragon
             cast
             out
             of
             his
             mouth
             a
             Flood
          
           of
           Fire
           to
           destroy
           our
           
             Church
          
           before
           it
           could
           attain
           to
           its
           full
           growth
           and
           maturity
           .
           But
           after
           it
           not
           only
           survived
           these
           flames
           ,
           but
           enjoyed
           a
           firm
           establishment
           under
           the
           care
           and
           conduct
           of
           a
           wise
           and
           cautious
           Government
           ,
           what
           restless
           endeavours
           ,
           what
           secret
           plots
           ,
           what
           horrid
           conspiracies
           ,
           what
           foreign
           attempts
           ,
           what
           domestick
           treasons
           were
           carried
           on
           during
           the
           Reign
           of
           Queen
           
             Elizabeth
             ?
          
           And
           yet
           ,
           which
           is
           very
           considerable
           ,
           while
           she
           openly
           and
           heartily
           owned
           the
           
             Protestant
             Cause
             ,
          
           it
           pleased
           
             God
          
           to
           deliver
           her
           out
           of
           all
           her
           dangers
           ,
           and
           to
           give
           her
           a
           long
           and
           a
           prosperous
           Reign
           ,
           when
           two
           of
           her
           Neighbour
           Princes
           were
           assasinated
           for
           not
           being
           zealous
           enough
           in
           the
           
             Popish
             Cause
          
           though
           they
           professed
           to
           own
           and
           maintain
           it
           .
           And
           it
           is
           but
           a
           very
           little
           time
           since
           you
           met
           together
           in
           this
           place
           to
           celebrate
           the
           memory
           of
           a
           mighty
           deliverance
           which
           Both
           
             King
          
           and
           
             Kingdom
             ,
          
           and
           together
           with
           
           them
           our
           
             Church
          
           received
           from
           that
           never
           to
           be
           forgotten
           conspiracy
           of
           the
           
             Gunpowder
             Treason
          
           in
           her
           Successors
           Reign
           .
           May
           we
           not
           then
           take
           up
           St.
           
             Pauls
          
           argument
           ,
           and
           say
           ,
           
             Who
             hath
             delivered
             us
             from
             so
             great
             death
             ,
             and
             doth
             deliver
             ,
             in
             whom
             we
             trust
          
           
           
             that
             he
             will
             yet
             deliver
             us
             ?
          
        
         
           Especially
           if
           we
           do
           not
           fail
           in
           the
           performance
           of
           that
           duty
           which
           
             God
          
           expects
           from
           us
           in
           order
           to
           our
           own
           preservation
           ,
           which
           is
           delivered
           by
           
             Samuel
          
           to
           the
           
             people
          
           of
           
             Israel
             ,
          
           in
           the
           words
           of
           the
           
             Text
             ,
          
        
         
           
             Only
             fear
             the
             Lord
             and
             serve
             him
             in
             truth
             with
             all
             your
             heart
             ,
             for
             consider
             how
             great
             things
             he
             hath
             done
             for
             you
             .
          
        
         
           But
           if
           they
           would
           not
           hearken
           to
           this
           wise
           Counsel
           ,
           but
           go
           on
           in
           their
           sins
           ,
           he
           tells
           them
           what
           the
           fatal
           consequence
           would
           be
           ,
           not
           to
           themselves
           only
           ,
           but
           to
           their
           
             King
          
           too
           ,
        
         
           
             But
             if
             ye
             shall
             still
             do
             wickedly
             ,
             ye
             shall
             be
             destroyed
             both
             ye
             and
             your
             King.
             
          
        
         
           Which
           advice
           will
           appear
           to
           deserve
           our
           serious
           consideration
           this
           day
           ,
           if
           we
           either
           regard
           (
           1.
           )
           The
           
             Person
          
           who
           gave
           it
           .
           (
           2.
           )
           The
           
             Occasion
          
           of
           giving
           it
           .
           (
           3.
           )
           The
           
             matter
          
           contained
           in
           it
           .
        
         
           1.
           
           The
           
             Person
          
           who
           gave
           this
           Counsel
           to
           the
           People
           ,
           
             Samuel
             ;
          
           a
           Person
           of
           great
           Wisdom
           ,
           and
           long
           experience
           in
           Government
           ;
           and
           therefore
           very
           able
           to
           judge
           concerning
           the
           proper
           causes
           of
           a
           Nations
           Prosperity
           and
           Ruine
           .
           The
           People
           
           had
           enjoyed
           a
           long
           and
           uninterrupted
           tranquillity
           while
           they
           followed
           his
           directions
           .
           They
           had
           before
           been
           miserably
           harassed
           by
           the
           inroads
           of
           the
           
             Philistins
             ,
          
           discomfited
           in
           several
           battels
           ,
           and
           at
           last
           the
           
             Ark
          
           of
           
             God
          
           it self
           taken
           by
           their
           enemies
           and
           their
           leaders
           destroyed
           ,
           at
           which
           sad
           news
           
             Eli
             who
             had
             judged
             Israel
             forty
             years
             fell
             backwards
          
           and
           
           so
           ended
           his
           dayes
           :
           while
           they
           were
           under
           the
           sense
           of
           their
           present
           miseries
           ,
           
             Samuel
          
           puts
           them
           into
           the
           most
           hopeful
           way
           for
           their
           deliverance
           ,
           which
           was
           by
           a
           
             Reformation
          
           of
           
             Religion
          
           among
           
           them
           ,
           by
           
             returning
             to
             the
             Lord
             with
             all
             their
             hearts
             ,
             and
             putting
             away
             their
             strange
             Gods
             ,
             and
             preparing
             their
             hearts
             unto
             the
             Lord
             and
             serving
             him
             only
             ;
          
           and
           then
           ,
           saith
           he
           ,
           
             he
             will
             deliver
             you
             out
             of
             the
             hands
             of
             the
             Philistins
             .
          
           The
           miseries
           they
           felt
           and
           the
           dangers
           they
           feared
           made
           them
           own
           the
           true
           Religion
           with
           more
           than
           usual
           courage
           :
           
             Then
             the
             Children
             of
             Israel
             did
             put
             away
          
           
           
             Baalim
             and
             Astaroth
             ,
             and
             served
             the
             Lord
             only
             .
          
           But
           besides
           this
           ,
           
             Samuel
          
           appoints
           a
           publick
           and
           solemn
           Fast
           of
           all
           
             Israel
          
           at
           
             Mizpeh
             ;
             And
             Samuel
             said
             ,
          
           
           
             Gather
             all
             Israel
             to
             Mizpeh
             ,
             and
             I
             will
             pray
             for
             you
             unto
             the
             Lord.
             And
             they
             gathered
             together
             to
             Mizpeh
             and
          
           
           
             drew
             water
             and
             poured
             it
             out
             before
             the
             Lord
             ,
             and
             fasted
             on
             that
             day
             ,
             and
             said
             there
             We
             have
             sinned
             against
             the
             Lord.
             Mizpeh
             ,
          
           a
           City
           in
           the
           confines
           of
           
             Judah
          
           and
           
             Benjamin
             ,
          
           as
           
             Masius
          
           and
           others
           observe
           ,
           was
           the
           place
           
           where
           the
           
             States
          
           of
           
             Israel
          
           were
           wont
           to
           be
           assembled
           together
           upon
           any
           great
           and
           important
           occasion
           ;
           
           where
           there
           was
           a
           place
           on
           purpose
           for
           them
           to
           meet
           in
           ,
           and
           an
           
             Altar
             ,
          
           and
           
             House
          
           of
           
             Prayer
          
           
           for
           the
           publick
           Worship
           of
           
             God
             :
          
           and
           therefore
           it
           is
           said
           ,
           Judg.
           20.
           1.
           
           
             The
             Children
             of
             Israel
             gathered
             together
             from
             one
             end
             of
             the
             Land
             to
             the
             other
             ,
             unto
             the
             Lord
             in
             Mizpeh
             ;
          
           and
           there
           
             the
             chief
             of
             all
             the
             Tribes
             of
             Israel
             presented
             themselves
             in
             the
             Assembly
             of
             the
             People
             of
             God.
          
           And
           therefore
           
             Samuel
          
           chooseth
           this
           as
           the
           fittest
           place
           for
           them
           to
           
             fast
          
           and
           
             pray
             ,
          
           and
           confess
           their
           sins
           in
           ,
           and
           to
           implore
           the
           Mercy
           of
           God
           to
           the
           Nation
           .
           We
           do
           not
           read
           in
           Scripture
           of
           any
           more
           publick
           and
           solemn
           Fast
           of
           the
           
             People
          
           of
           
             Israel
          
           kept
           with
           greater
           signs
           of
           true
           humiliation
           than
           this
           at
           
             Mizpeh
          
           was
           ;
           for
           the
           
             pouring
             out
             of
             water
          
           was
           used
           among
           them
           either
           to
           represent
           their
           own
           desperate
           condition
           without
           Gods
           help
           ,
           that
           they
           were
           
             as
             water
             spilt
             upon
             the
             ground
             ;
          
           or
           the
           greatness
           of
           their
           sorrow
           for
           their
           sins
           ,
           and
           the
           floods
           of
           tears
           ,
           which
           they
           shed
           for
           them
           .
           And
           to
           let
           mankind
           see
           what
           influence
           a
           General
           and
           serious
           Fasting
           and
           Humiliation
           hath
           upon
           the
           welfare
           of
           a
           Nation
           ,
           we
           find
           from
           the
           day
           of
           this
           
             Fast
          
           at
           
             Mizpeh
          
           the
           affairs
           of
           
             Israel
          
           began
           to
           turn
           for
           the
           better
           .
           For
           the
           
             Philistines
          
           thought
           they
           had
           an
           advantage
           against
           the
           
             Israelites
          
           by
           this
           general
           meeting
           ,
           and
           hoped
           to
           surprize
           them
           while
           they
           kept
           their
           
             Fast
          
           in
           
             Mizpeh
             ;
          
           and
           made
           such
           an
           incursion
           
           upon
           them
           ,
           as
           put
           them
           into
           a
           great
           consternation
           ;
           and
           they
           came
           trembling
           to
           
             Samuel
             ,
          
           
           praying
           him
           that
           he
           would
           
             not
             cease
             to
             cry
             unto
          
           
           
             the
             Lord
             their
             God
             for
             them
             ,
             that
             he
             would
             save
             them
             out
             of
             the
             hand
             of
             the
             Philistins
             .
             Samuel
          
           prays
           ,
           the
           
             Lord
          
           hears
           ,
           
             Israel
          
           marches
           out
           of
           
             Mizpeh
             ,
          
           pursues
           the
           
             Philistins
          
           
           and
           smites
           them
           ;
           and
           
             Samuel
          
           sets
           up
           a
           stone
           of
           remembrance
           ,
           and
           calls
           it
           
             Eben-Ezer
             ,
             saying
             Hitherto
          
           
           
             hath
             the
             Lord
             helped
             us
             .
          
           Yea
           from
           hence
           forward
           
           did
           God
           help
           them
           ,
           for
           it
           follows
           ,
           
             so
             the
             Philistines
             were
             subdued
             ,
             and
             they
             came
             no
             more
             into
             the
             Coast
             of
             Israel
             ;
             and
             the
             hand
             of
             the
             Lord
             was
             against
             the
             Philistins
          
           
           
             all
             the
             dayes
             of
             Samuel
             .
          
           Never
           any
           People
           had
           greater
           reason
           to
           be
           pleased
           with
           a
           Governour
           than
           they
           had
           with
           
             Samuel
             ;
          
           who
           managed
           their
           affairs
           with
           so
           much
           wisdom
           and
           piety
           ,
           with
           so
           much
           faithfulness
           and
           integrity
           ,
           with
           so
           much
           courage
           and
           constancy
           ,
           with
           so
           much
           care
           and
           industry
           ,
           with
           so
           much
           success
           and
           prosperity
           .
           But
           people
           are
           apt
           to
           surfeit
           upon
           too
           much
           ease
           and
           plenty
           ,
           and
           to
           grow
           wanton
           with
           abundance
           of
           peace
           ;
           they
           began
           to
           be
           weary
           of
           
             Samuels
          
           Government
           ,
           and
           secretly
           to
           wish
           for
           a
           change
           .
           And
           when
           mens
           discontents
           grow
           ripe
           ,
           there
           seldom
           wants
           a
           plausible
           occasion
           to
           vent
           them
           :
           
             Samuel
             was
             grown
             old
          
           and
           could
           not
           go
           about
           
           
             from
             year
             to
             year
             in
             circuit
             to
             Bethel
             ,
             and
             Gilgal
             ,
             and
             Mizpeh
             ,
          
           as
           he
           was
           wont
           to
           do
           ,
           but
           he
           fixed
           
             at
             his
          
           
           
             house
             in
             Ramah
             ,
             and
             placed
             his
             Sons
             in
             Beersheba
             ;
          
           these
           not
           following
           their
           Fathers
           steps
           ,
           were
           soon
           .
           accused
           of
           male-administration
           ;
           and
           nothing
           
           
           would
           now
           satisfie
           the
           discontented
           
             Elders
          
           of
           
             Israel
             ,
          
           but
           
             Samuel
          
           himself
           must
           be
           discharged
           of
           his
           Government
           ;
           
             For
             they
             gathered
             themselves
             together
             and
             came
             to
             Samuel
             in
             Ramah
             ;
             and
             said
             to
             him
             ,
             Behold
             thou
          
           
           
             art
             old
             ,
             and
             thy
             Sons
             walk
             not
             in
             thy
             wayes
             ;
          
           this
           was
           their
           pretence
           ,
           but
           their
           design
           was
           to
           alter
           the
           
           Government
           .
           Their
           plenty
           and
           prosperity
           had
           made
           them
           fond
           of
           the
           
             Pomp
          
           and
           
             Grandeur
          
           of
           their
           neighbour
           Nations
           ,
           and
           whatever
           it
           cost
           them
           ,
           they
           were
           resolved
           to
           have
           
             a
             King
             to
             judge
             them
             like
             all
             the
             Nations
             .
             Samuel
          
           tells
           them
           ,
           what
           inconveniencies
           that
           more
           
             absolute
             form
             of
             Government
          
           of
           the
           
           neighbour
           
             Nations
          
           would
           bring
           among
           them
           ,
           as
           
             Josephus
          
           shews
           ;
           all
           which
           signified
           nothing
           to
           them
           ;
           for
           it
           is
           said
           ,
           
             nevertheless
             the
             people
             refused
             to
             obey
             the
             voice
             of
             Samuel
             and
             said
             ,
             Nay
             ,
             but
             we
             will
             have
             a
             King
             over
             us
             ,
             that
             we
             also
             may
             be
             like
             all
             the
             Nations
             .
          
           It
           was
           not
           the
           Monarchical
           way
           of
           Government
           that
           was
           so
           displeasing
           to
           
             God
          
           or
           
             Samuel
             ;
          
           for
           their
           Government
           was
           of
           that
           
             Form
          
           already
           ,
           
             God
          
           himself
           being
           their
           
             King
             ,
          
           and
           appointing
           such
           
             Vicegerents
          
           as
           he
           thought
           fit
           to
           manage
           their
           affairs
           under
           him
           .
           So
           
             God
          
           answered
           
           
             Samuel
             ,
             They
             have
             not
             rejected
             thee
             ,
             but
             they
             have
             rejected
             me
             ,
             that
             I
             should
             not
             reign
             over
             them
             .
          
           Not
           ,
           as
           
           though
           Kingly
           Government
           were
           inconsistent
           with
           Gods
           Sovereignty
           over
           his
           people
           ;
           for
           by
           him
           
             Kings
             Reign
             ;
          
           and
           they
           are
           
             his
             Ministers
             to
             us
             for
             good
             ,
          
           and
           that
           Government
           is
           the
           most
           agreeable
           to
           his
           own
           ;
           and
           to
           the
           primitive
           institution
           of
           Government
           
           among
           men
           .
           But
           wherein
           then
           lay
           this
           great
           sin
           of
           the
           
             Israelites
             in
             asking
             a
             King
             ,
          
           when
           
           God
           himself
           had
           provided
           by
           his
           Law
           that
           they
           should
           have
           a
           
             King
          
           when
           they
           were
           setled
           in
           their
           own
           Land
           ?
           And
           yet
           we
           find
           the
           
             Israelites
          
           at
           last
           confess
           ,
           
             We
             have
             added
             unto
             all
             our
             sins
             this
             evil
             to
             ask
             us
             a
             King.
          
           Their
           great
           fault
           was
           ,
           that
           they
           were
           
           so
           impetuous
           and
           violent
           in
           their
           desires
           ,
           that
           they
           would
           not
           wait
           for
           
             Samuels
          
           decease
           whom
           
             God
          
           had
           raised
           up
           among
           them
           ,
           and
           whose
           Government
           had
           been
           so
           great
           a
           blessing
           to
           them
           ;
           and
           therefore
           
             God
          
           looked
           on
           it
           as
           
             a
             rejecting
             him
             more
             than
             Samuel
             ,
          
           since
           he
           had
           appointed
           him
           ;
           and
           they
           had
           no
           reason
           to
           lay
           him
           aside
           for
           his
           Sons
           faults
           ,
           but
           they
           made
           use
           of
           that
           only
           as
           a
           
             colour
          
           for
           their
           own
           self-willed
           humour
           and
           affectation
           of
           being
           like
           to
           other
           
             Nations
             .
          
           However
           
             God
          
           commands
           
           
             Samuel
          
           to
           yield
           to
           them
           ;
           and
           he
           appoints
           another
           meeting
           at
           
             Mizpeh
          
           for
           this
           purpose
           ;
           where
           the
           
           Person
           was
           chosen
           by
           lot
           ;
           and
           at
           his
           solemn
           inauguration
           at
           
             Gilgal
             ,
             Samuel
          
           makes
           that
           speech
           unto
           
           all
           
             Israel
          
           contained
           in
           this
           12th
           Chapter
           ;
           where
           of
           the
           words
           of
           the
           
             Text
          
           are
           the
           conclusion
           ;
           which
           make
           these
           words
           the
           more
           considerable
           ,
        
         
           2.
           
           In
           regard
           of
           the
           
             Occasion
          
           of
           them
           ;
           being
           delivered
           by
           
             Samuel
          
           at
           so
           great
           a
           solemnity
           in
           which
           he
           delivers
           up
           the
           
             Government
          
           into
           the
           hands
           of
           their
           
             King
             ,
          
           (
           1.
           )
           With
           a
           great
           protestation
           of
           his
           own
           integrity
           ,
           with
           an
           appeal
           to
           their
           own
           Consciences
           
           
           concerning
           it
           ,
           and
           they
           freely
           give
           a
           
           large
           testimony
           of
           it
           .
           (
           2
           )
           He
           upbraids
           them
           with
           their
           ingratitude
           towards
           
             God
          
           time
           after
           time
           ;
           that
           they
           were
           never
           contented
           or
           pleased
           with
           his
           Laws
           or
           the
           Governours
           he
           raised
           up
           
           amongst
           them
           ;
           and
           now
           at
           last
           upon
           a
           sudden
           fright
           concerning
           
             Nahash
          
           the
           
             King
          
           of
           
             Ammon
             ,
          
           they
           were
           resolved
           they
           would
           have
           a
           
             King
             ;
          
           and
           
             behold
             ,
          
           saith
           he
           ,
           
             the
             Lord
             hath
             set
             a
             King
             over
             you
             .
          
           (
           3.
           )
           Notwithstanding
           their
           sin
           in
           so
           unseasonable
           a
           demand
           ,
           yet
           he
           tells
           them
           they
           might
           be
           happy
           under
           his
           Government
           if
           they
           did
           sincerely
           keep
           to
           their
           
             established
             Religion
          
           and
           
             obey
             the
             Laws
             of
             God.
          
           This
           he
           delivers
           ,
        
         
           (
           1.
           )
           More
           
             Generally
             ,
          
           vers
           .
           14
           ,
           15.
           
           
             If
             ye
             will
             fear
             the
             Lord
             and
             serve
             him
             ,
             and
             obey
             his
             voice
             ,
             and
             not
             rebel
             against
             the
             Commandment
             of
             the
             Lord
             ,
             then
             shall
             both
             ye
             and
             also
             the
             King
             that
             reigneth
             over
             you
             ,
             continue
             following
             the
             Lord
             your
             God
             ;
             i.
             e.
          
           God
           will
           protect
           and
           defend
           you
           .
           
             But
             if
             you
             will
             not
             obey
             the
             voyce
             of
             the
             Lord
             ,
             but
             rebel
             against
             the
             Commandment
             of
             the
             Lord
             ,
             then
             shall
             the
             hand
             of
             the
             Lord
             be
             against
             you
             ,
             as
             it
             was
             against
             your
             Fathers
             .
          
           But
           this
           being
           a
           matter
           of
           the
           greatest
           consequence
           to
           them
           ,
           whereon
           the
           welfare
           of
           the
           Nation
           did
           depend
           ,
           he
           delivers
           it
        
         
           (
           2.
           )
           More
           
             Emphatically
             ;
          
           after
           the
           Thunder
           and
           Rain
           had
           affrightned
           and
           softned
           their
           hearts
           ;
           and
           they
           came
           praying
           to
           
             Samuel
          
           and
           confessing
           their
           
           sin
           to
           him
           ;
           then
           he
           counsels
           them
           
             not
             to
             fear
             ,
          
           if
           they
           
             did
             not
             forsake
             God
             ;
          
           and
           for
           his
           part
           ,
           however
           
           they
           had
           disobliged
           him
           ,
           he
           would
           not
           only
           continue
           
           to
           pray
           for
           them
           ,
           but
           give
           them
           the
           best
           advice
           and
           directions
           he
           could
           :
           
             But
             I
             will
             teach
             you
             the
             good
             and
             the
             right
             way
             .
          
           And
           then
           these
           words
           immediately
           follow
           ,
           
             Only
             fear
             the
             Lord
             and
             serve
             him
             in
             truth
             with
             all
             your
             heart
             ,
          
           &c.
           
        
         
           3.
           
           These
           words
           are
           most
           considerable
           for
           the
           
             Matter
          
           contained
           in
           them
           ;
           which
           lies
           in
           these
           three
           particulars
           ,
        
         
           (
           1.
           )
           The
           influence
           which
           continuance
           in
           sin
           hath
           upon
           a
           Kingdoms
           ruine
           :
           
             but
             if
             ye
             shall
             still
             do
             wickedly
             ,
             ye
             shall
             be
             consumed
             ,
             both
             ye
             and
             your
             King.
             
          
        
         
           (
           2.
           )
           The
           best
           means
           for
           the
           welfare
           and
           preservation
           of
           it
           ,
           
             viz
          
           maintaining
           and
           practising
           the
           
             true
             Religion
             ;
             Only
             fear
             the
             Lord
             and
             serve
             him
             in
             truth
             with
             all
             your
             heart
             .
          
        
         
           (
           3.
           )
           The
           great
           argument
           and
           encouragement
           here
           given
           for
           the
           doing
           it
           ;
           
             for
             consider
             how
             great
             things
             he
             hath
             done
             for
             you
             .
          
        
         
           The
           
             first
          
           of
           these
           will
           be
           the
           main
           subject
           of
           my
           present
           Discourse
           ,
           
             viz.
          
           The
           
             influence
          
           which
           
             continuance
             in
             sin
          
           hath
           upon
           a
           
             Kingdoms
             ruine
             ,
          
           If
           we
           believe
           
             Moses
          
           and
           the
           
             Prophets
             ,
          
           we
           cannot
           question
           the
           truth
           of
           this
           concerning
           the
           
             People
          
           of
           
             Israel
             ;
          
           for
           this
           is
           the
           main
           scope
           and
           design
           of
           their
           doctrine
           .
           
             Moses
          
           assured
           them
           ,
           that
           all
           the
           strength
           ,
           and
           force
           ,
           and
           combination
           of
           their
           enemies
           should
           do
           them
           no
           prejudice
           as
           long
           as
           they
           obeyed
           the
           
             Laws
          
           of
           
             God
             ;
          
           but
           
           if
           they
           would
           not
           do
           his
           Commandments
           ,
           but
           
           despise
           his
           
             Statutes
          
           and
           abhor
           his
           
             Judgements
             ,
          
           all
           
           the
           care
           and
           policy
           they
           could
           use
           would
           not
           be
           able
           to
           keep
           off
           the
           most
           dismal
           judgements
           which
           ever
           befel
           a
           
             Nation
             ,
             I
             will
             even
             appoint
             over
             you
             terror
             ,
          
           
           
             consumption
             and
             the
             burning
             Ague
             ;
             that
             shall
             consume
             the
             eyes
             and
             cause
             sorrow
             of
             heart
             ;
             and
             ye
             shall
             sow
             your
             seed
             in
             vain
             ,
             for
             your
             enemies
             shall
             eat
             it
             .
             And
             I
             will
             set
             my
          
           
           
             face
             against
             you
             ,
             and
             you
             shall
             be
             slain
             before
             your
             enemies
             :
             they
             that
             hate
             you
             shall
             reign
             over
             you
             ,
             and
             ye
             shall
             flee
             when
             none
             pursueth
             you
             .
             And
             if
             you
             will
             not
             for
             all
             this
          
           
           
             hearken
             unto
             me
             ,
             then
             will
             I
             punish
             you
             seven
             times
             more
             for
             your
             sins
             ,
          
           so
           he
           proceeds
           to
           the
           end
           of
           the
           
             Chapter
             ,
          
           still
           rising
           higher
           and
           higher
           according
           to
           the
           greatness
           of
           their
           provocations
           .
           And
           to
           the
           same
           purpose
           he
           speaks
           throughout
           
             Deut.
          
           28.
           promising
           great
           
             Blessings
          
           to
           their
           Nation
           upon
           obedience
           ,
           and
           horrible
           
             Curses
             ,
          
           such
           as
           would
           make
           ones
           ears
           tingle
           to
           hear
           them
           ,
           upon
           their
           refractoriness
           and
           disobedience
           ,
           
             The
             Lord
             shall
             send
             thee
             cursing
             ,
             vexation
             and
             rebuke
             ,
          
           
           
             in
             all
             that
             thou
             settest
             thine
             hand
             unto
             for
             to
             do
             ;
             until
             thou
             be
             destroyed
             ,
             and
             untill
             thou
             perish
             quickly
             ,
             because
             of
             the
             wickedness
             of
             thy
             doings
             ,
             whereby
             thou
             hast
             forsaken
             me
             .
          
           To
           the
           same
           purpose
           all
           the
           
             Prophets
          
           speak
           ,
           only
           applying
           this
           general
           doctrine
           to
           the
           circumstances
           of
           their
           own
           times
           .
           
             If
             ye
             be
             willing
             and
             obedient
             ,
          
           
           saith
           
             Isaiah
             ,
             ye
             shall
             eat
             the
             good
             of
             the
             Land
             ;
             but
             if
             ye
             refuse
             and
             rebel
             ,
             ye
             shall
             be
             destroyed
             with
             the
             sword
             ,
             the
             mouth
             of
             the
             Lord
             hath
             spoken
             it
             .
          
           When
           the
           Prophet
           
             Jeremiah
          
           saw
           dreadful
           calamities
           coming
           upon
           his
           people
           ,
           
           he
           cries
           out
           ,
           
             Thy
             way
             and
             thy
             doings
             have
             procured
             these
          
           
           
             things
             unto
             thee
             ,
             this
             is
             thy
             wickedness
             because
             it
             is
             bitter
             ,
             because
             it
             reacheth
             unto
             thine
             heart
             .
             Ezekiel
          
           tells
           them
           there
           was
           no
           hope
           to
           escape
           being
           destroyed
           ,
           but
           by
           speedy
           and
           sincere
           Repentance
           ,
           
             Repent
             and
             turn
             your selves
             from
             all
             your
             transgressions
             ,
             so
             iniquity
             shall
          
           
           
             not
             be
             your
             Ruine
             .
          
        
         
           But
           here
           a
           material
           question
           may
           be
           asked
           ,
           whether
           this
           connexion
           between
           their
           
             doing
             wickedly
          
           and
           
             being
             consumed
          
           were
           not
           by
           vertue
           of
           that
           Political
           
             Covenant
          
           between
           God
           and
           the
           people
           of
           
             Israel
          
           which
           was
           peculiar
           to
           themselves
           ?
           and
           how
           far
           it
           may
           be
           just
           and
           reasonable
           to
           argue
           concerning
           the
           case
           of
           other
           
             Nations
             ,
          
           with
           whom
           
             God
          
           hath
           entred
           into
           no
           such
           
             Covenant
             ,
          
           as
           he
           did
           with
           them
           ?
        
         
           To
           make
           this
           clear
           ,
           and
           to
           bring
           it
           nearer
           to
           our
           own
           case
           ,
           I
           shall
           proceed
           in
           this
           method
           .
        
         
           1.
           
           To
           shew
           ,
           that
           God
           doth
           exercise
           a
           
             particular
             providence
          
           with
           respect
           to
           the
           
             state
          
           and
           
             condition
          
           of
           
             Kingdoms
          
           and
           
             Nations
             .
          
        
         
           2.
           
           That
           according
           to
           the
           
             usual
             method
          
           of
           
             Providence
          
           their
           condition
           is
           better
           or
           worse
           as
           the
           
             People
          
           are
           .
        
         
           3.
           
           That
           there
           are
           some
           
             circumstances
          
           of
           sinning
           ,
           which
           do
           very
           much
           portend
           and
           hasten
           a
           
             Peoples
          
           ruine
           .
        
         
           1.
           
           That
           God
           doth
           exercise
           a
           
             particular
             providence
          
           with
           a
           respect
           to
           the
           
             state
          
           and
           
             condition
          
           of
           
             Nations
             ,
             i.
             e.
          
           as
           they
           are
           united
           into
           several
           and
           distinct
           bodies
           ,
           which
           are
           capable
           as
           such
           of
           being
           happy
           
           or
           miserable
           .
           For
           since
           mankinds
           entring
           into
           
             society
          
           is
           both
           necessary
           and
           advantageous
           to
           them
           ;
           and
           
             God
          
           doth
           not
           barely
           permit
           and
           approve
           ,
           but
           dispose
           and
           incline
           men
           to
           it
           ;
           and
           hath
           given
           them
           
             Laws
          
           to
           govern
           themselves
           by
           ,
           with
           respect
           to
           
             society
             ;
          
           it
           is
           but
           reasonable
           to
           suppose
           that
           
             God
          
           should
           call
           men
           to
           an
           account
           in
           that
           capacity
           ;
           and
           to
           distribute
           rewards
           and
           punishments
           according
           to
           the
           nature
           of
           their
           actions
           :
           which
           must
           either
           be
           done
           in
           this
           world
           ,
           or
           it
           cannot
           be
           done
           at
           all
           ;
           for
           all
           those
           bonds
           are
           dissolved
           by
           death
           ,
           and
           men
           shall
           not
           answer
           for
           their
           sins
           by
           
             Kingdoms
          
           and
           
             Nations
          
           in
           another
           world
           ,
           
             but
             every
             man
             shall
             give
             account
             of
             himself
             unto
             God.
          
           Either
           therefore
           those
           
             societies
          
           as
           such
           shall
           go
           wholly
           unpunished
           ,
           or
           they
           must
           suffer
           according
           to
           them
           in
           this
           world
           ;
           and
           therefore
           here
           the
           case
           is
           very
           different
           from
           that
           of
           particular
           Persons
           .
           We
           say
           ,
           and
           with
           a
           great
           deal
           of
           Reason
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           no
           disparagement
           to
           the
           Justice
           of
           Gods
           Providence
           for
           good
           men
           to
           suffer
           ,
           or
           for
           wicked
           men
           to
           escape
           punishment
           in
           this
           Life
           ,
           because
           the
           great
           day
           of
           recompence
           is
           to
           come
           ,
           wherein
           there
           will
           be
           a
           
             Revelation
             of
             the
             Righteous
             judgement
             of
             God
             :
          
           But
           that
           will
           not
           hold
           as
           to
           
             Nations
             ,
          
           who
           shall
           not
           suffer
           in
           communities
           then
           as
           they
           have
           sinned
           here
           :
           and
           therefore
           it
           is
           more
           reasonable
           to
           suppose
           the
           rewards
           and
           punishments
           of
           such
           shall
           be
           in
           this
           life
           according
           to
           the
           measure
           and
           proportion
           
           of
           their
           sins
           .
           And
           of
           this
           we
           have
           suffient
           evidence
           in
           Scripture
           ,
           upon
           these
           accounts
           .
        
         
           (
           1.
           )
           Because
           it
           charges
           
             guilt
          
           upon
           
             Nations
          
           as
           well
           as
           upon
           particular
           
             Persons
             .
          
           As
           in
           the
           case
           of
           
             uncertain
             murder
             ,
             If
             one
             be
             found
             slain
             in
             the
             Land
             ,
             which
          
           
           
             the
             Lord
             thy
             God
             giveth
             thee
             to
             possess
             it
             ,
             lying
             in
             the
             field
             ,
             and
             it
             be
             not
             known
             who
             hath
             slain
             him
             :
          
           the
           
             Elders
          
           of
           
           the
           
             next
             City
          
           were
           not
           only
           to
           protest
           their
           own
           
             innocency
             ;
          
           but
           to
           use
           this
           prayer
           ,
           
             Be
             merciful
             O
             Lord
             ,
          
           
           
             unto
             thy
             people
             Israel
             ,
             whom
             thou
             hast
             redeemed
             ,
             and
             lay
             not
             innocent
             blood
             unto
             thy
             people
             of
             Israels
             charge
             .
             And
          
           
           
             the
             blood
             shall
             be
             forgiven
             them
             ,
             so
             shalt
             thou
             put
             away
             the
             guilt
             of
             innocent
             blood
             from
             among
             you
             .
          
           Here
           we
           see
           the
           guilt
           of
           innocent
           blood
           goes
           farther
           than
           the
           bare
           shedders
           of
           it
           ,
           it
           lyes
           upon
           the
           Nation
           till
           it
           be
           expiated
           ;
           and
           the
           Jews
           say
           ,
           the
           soul
           of
           a
           person
           innocently
           murdered
           hovers
           up
           and
           down
           the
           Earth
           crying
           for
           vengeance
           ,
           till
           the
           guilty
           persons
           be
           found
           out
           and
           punished
           ,
           and
           then
           it
           ascends
           above
           to
           its
           place
           of
           rest
           .
           The
           guilt
           of
           innocent
           blood
           is
           indeed
           a
           crying
           sin
           ;
           it
           cryes
           loud
           unto
           Heaven
           for
           vengeance
           ,
           and
           nothing
           stops
           its
           voice
           but
           the
           execution
           of
           it
           .
           And
           where
           that
           is
           not
           done
           ,
           it
           leaves
           
             a
             guilt
             upon
             the
             Land
             ;
          
           for
           
             God
          
           himself
           hath
           said
           it
           ,
           
             Blood
             defileth
             the
             Land
             ;
             and
             the
             land
             cannot
          
           
           
             be
             cleansed
             of
             the
             blood
             that
             is
             shed
             therein
             ,
             but
             by
             the
             blood
             of
             him
             that
             shed
             it
             .
          
           This
           sin
           we
           see
           ,
           is
           of
           such
           a
           malignant
           nature
           that
           it
           infects
           the
           Land
           where
           it
           is
           committed
           ,
           and
           lyes
           upon
           it
           till
           it
           be
           expiated
           .
           
           But
           there
           are
           other
           
             sins
          
           which
           contract
           a
           
             National
             guilt
             ,
          
           when
           the
           
             Authority
          
           of
           a
           
             Nation
             ,
          
           either
           gives
           too
           much
           countenance
           and
           encouragement
           to
           the
           practice
           of
           them
           ,
           or
           does
           not
           take
           that
           care
           it
           ought
           to
           do
           to
           suppress
           and
           punish
           them
           .
           When
           men
           daily
           and
           insolently
           break
           the
           
             Laws
          
           of
           
             God
             ,
          
           and
           bid
           as
           it
           were
           defiance
           both
           to
           them
           and
           to
           the
           
             Laws
          
           of
           men
           ;
           when
           wickedness
           spreads
           like
           a
           
             leprosie
             ,
          
           and
           infects
           the
           whole
           body
           ;
           when
           vices
           become
           so
           notorious
           that
           they
           are
           a
           reproach
           and
           a
           by-word
           to
           Neighbour
           Nations
           ;
           these
           are
           the
           signs
           and
           tokens
           of
           
             National
             guilt
             .
          
        
         
           (
           2.
           )
           Because
           the
           
             Scripture
          
           tells
           us
           of
           a
           certain
           
             Measure
          
           to
           which
           the
           
             sins
          
           of
           a
           Nation
           do
           rise
           before
           they
           are
           ripe
           for
           punishment
           .
           This
           was
           the
           reason
           given
           why
           
             Abrahams
          
           Children
           must
           stay
           to
           the
           fourth
           
             Generation
          
           before
           they
           come
           to
           the
           possession
           of
           the
           promised
           
             Land
             ,
             for
             the
             iniquity
             of
             the
             Amorites
             is
             not
             yet
             full
             .
          
           Where
           it
           is
           plain
           that
           
             God
          
           
           doth
           consider
           Nations
           as
           distinct
           bodies
           ,
           the
           measure
           of
           whose
           sins
           is
           taken
           after
           another
           manner
           than
           that
           of
           particular
           persons
           ;
           but
           when
           once
           that
           measure
           is
           compleated
           ,
           ruine
           and
           destruction
           is
           unavoidable
           ;
           or
           at
           least
           ,
           some
           signal
           and
           extraordinary
           judgements
           falling
           upon
           them
           as
           the
           punishment
           of
           their
           iniquities
           .
           Men
           may
           ask
           why
           the
           
             Canaanites
          
           in
           
           Joshua's
           time
           were
           dealt
           with
           so
           severely
           ,
           that
           nothing
           but
           utter
           extirpation
           would
           satisfie
           the
           Justice
           of
           God
           against
           them
           ?
           But
           God
           
           prevents
           that
           objection
           ,
           by
           letting
           
             Abraham
          
           know
           how
           much
           patience
           and
           long-suffering
           he
           used
           towards
           them
           ;
           waiting
           till
           the
           fourth
           
             Generation
             ;
          
           and
           when
           their
           
             iniquities
          
           still
           increased
           ,
           and
           every
           Age
           added
           to
           the
           Guilt
           of
           the
           foregoing
           ,
           the
           burden
           grew
           too
           heavy
           for
           them
           to
           bear
           it
           any
           longer
           ,
           and
           therefore
           they
           must
           sink
           under
           the
           weight
           of
           it
           .
           So
           our
           Saviour
           saith
           to
           the
           Jews
           in
           his
           time
           ,
           
             Fill
          
           
           
             ye
             up
             then
             the
             measure
             of
             your
             Fathers
             .
          
           Not
           as
           though
           God
           did
           punish
           any
           Age
           beyond
           the
           desert
           of
           its
           own
           sins
           ;
           but
           when
           the
           measure
           of
           their
           sins
           is
           filled
           up
           ,
           God
           doth
           no
           longer
           forbear
           to
           punish
           them
           ;
           and
           that
           seldom
           happens
           ,
           but
           when
           the
           sins
           of
           that
           time
           do
           exceed
           those
           of
           the
           foregoing
           
             Generations
             ;
          
           as
           it
           was
           in
           the
           case
           of
           the
           
             Jews
          
           when
           their
           
             City
          
           and
           
             Temple
          
           were
           destroyed
           .
        
         
           (
           3.
           )
           Because
           it
           attributes
           the
           great
           
             Revolutions
          
           of
           
             Government
          
           to
           a
           particular
           
             Providence
          
           of
           
             God
             ,
             God
             is
             the
             Judge
             ,
          
           or
           the
           supreme
           Arbitratour
           of
           the
           affairs
           of
           the
           world
           ,
           
             he
             pulleth
             down
             one
             and
             setteth
             up
             another
             .
          
           Which
           holds
           with
           respect
           to
           
             Nations
          
           as
           
           well
           as
           particular
           persons
           .
           Which
           doth
           not
           found
           any
           right
           of
           Dominion
           ,
           (
           as
           some
           fancied
           till
           the
           argument
           from
           
             Providence
          
           was
           returned
           with
           greater
           force
           upon
           themselves
           )
           but
           it
           shews
           that
           when
           God
           pleases
           to
           makes
           use
           of
           
             Persons
          
           or
           
             Nations
          
           as
           the
           
             Scourges
          
           in
           his
           hand
           to
           punish
           a
           
             People
          
           with
           ,
           he
           gives
           them
           success
           above
           their
           hopes
           or
           expectations
           ,
           but
           that
           
             success
          
           gives
           them
           no
           
             right
             .
          
           
           And
           of
           this
           the
           
             Psalmist
          
           speaks
           when
           he
           adds
           ,
           
             For
             in
             the
             hand
             of
             the
             Lord
             there
             is
             a
             Cup
             and
             the
             Wine
             is
             red
             ;
          
           
           
             it
             is
             full
             of
             mixture
             ,
             and
             he
             poureth
             out
             of
             the
             same
             ;
             but
             the
             dregs
             thereof
             all
             the
             wicked
             of
             the
             earth
             shall
             wring
             them
             out
             and
             drink
             them
             .
          
           It
           is
           called
           by
           
             Isaiah
             ,
             the
             Cup
             of
             Fury
             ,
          
           and
           
             the
             Cup
             of
             Trembling
             ,
          
           which
           
             God
          
           gives
           to
           
           
             Nations
          
           destined
           to
           ruine
           :
           which
           makes
           them
           like
           people
           intoxicated
           and
           deprived
           of
           that
           apprehension
           of
           danger
           ,
           of
           that
           judgement
           and
           consideration
           to
           prevent
           it
           ,
           which
           at
           other
           times
           they
           have
           .
           When
           a
           
             Nation
          
           is
           near
           some
           dreadful
           calamity
           ,
           as
           a
           just
           punishment
           of
           its
           sins
           ,
           
             God
          
           takes
           away
           the
           wisdom
           of
           the
           Wise
           ,
           and
           the
           understanding
           of
           the
           Prudent
           ,
           and
           the
           resolution
           of
           the
           men
           of
           courage
           ,
           that
           they
           all
           stand
           amazed
           and
           confounded
           ,
           not
           knowing
           how
           to
           give
           or
           take
           advice
           ;
           but
           they
           are
           full
           of
           fears
           ,
           and
           rather
           apt
           to
           quarrel
           with
           one
           another
           than
           to
           consult
           the
           general
           good
           .
           This
           was
           just
           the
           
             state
          
           of
           
             Egypt
          
           when
           
             God
          
           did
           purpose
           to
           execute
           his
           
             Justice
          
           upon
           it
           .
        
         
           (
           1.
           )
           First
           ,
           their
           courage
           failed
           them
           ,
           
             And
             the
             heart
             of
             Egypt
             shall
             melt
             in
             the
             midst
             of
             it
             ;
             and
             the
             spirit
          
           
           
             of
             Egypt
             shall
             fail
             in
             the
             midst
             thereof
             .
             In
             that
             day
             shall
             Egypt
             be
             like
             unto
             women
             ;
             and
             it
             shall
             be
             afraid
             and
             fear
             ,
          
           
           
             because
             of
             the
             shaking
             of
             the
             hand
             of
             the
             Lord
             of
             Hosts
             ,
             which
             he
             shaketh
             over
             it
             .
          
           It
           is
           a
           very
           ill
           sign
           when
           men
           want
           the
           spirit
           and
           vigour
           they
           were
           wont
           to
           have
           ;
           when
           they
           are
           daunted
           at
           the
           apprehension
           of
           every
           danger
           ,
           and
           rather
           meanly
           seek
           to
           save
           
           themselves
           by
           base
           arts
           and
           sordid
           compliances
           ,
           than
           to
           promote
           the
           common
           welfare
           .
           It
           is
           folly
           and
           stupidity
           not
           to
           apprehend
           danger
           when
           there
           is
           cause
           for
           it
           ,
           and
           to
           take
           the
           best
           care
           to
           prevent
           it
           ;
           but
           it
           is
           a
           fatal
           symptom
           upon
           a
           
             Nation
          
           when
           their
           
             hearts
             fail
             them
             for
             fear
             ,
          
           that
           they
           dare
           not
           do
           the
           duty
           which
           they
           owe
           to
           
             God
             ,
          
           to
           their
           
             King
             ,
          
           and
           to
           their
           
             Countrey
             .
          
           God
           forbid
           that
           any
           should
           exceed
           the
           bounds
           of
           their
           duty
           to
           prevent
           their
           fears
           ,
           but
           when
           men
           want
           resolution
           to
           do
           that
           ,
           they
           are
           in
           a
           lost
           condition
           .
        
         
           (
           2
           )
           Their
           
             Counsels
          
           were
           divided
           and
           infatuated
           :
           
             And
             I
             will
             set
             the
             Egyptians
             against
             the
             Egyptians
             .
             The
          
           
           
             Princes
             of
             Zoan
             are
             Fools
             ,
             the
             Counsel
             of
             the
             Wise
             Counsellors
          
           
           
             of
             Pharaoh
             is
             become
             bruitish
             ;
             they
             have
             also
             seduced
          
           
           
             Egypt
             ,
             even
             they
             that
             are
             the
             stay
             of
             the
             Tribes
             thereof
             .
             The
             Lord
             hath
             mingled
             a
             perverse
             spirit
             in
             the
             midst
             thereof
             ,
          
           
           
             and
             they
             have
             caused
             Egypt
             to
             err
             in
             every
             work
             thereof
             ,
             as
             a
             reeling
             man
             staggereth
             in
             his
             vomit
             ,
             i.
             e.
          
           they
           know
           not
           what
           to
           fix
           upon
           ,
           all
           their
           Counsels
           being
           so
           uncertain
           ,
           and
           the
           best
           taking
           no
           effect
           .
           But
           after
           all
           their
           consultations
           ,
           they
           advance
           not
           one
           step
           forward
           ,
           but
           fall
           back
           just
           to
           the
           same
           case
           they
           were
           in
           before
           ;
           every
           one
           blaming
           another
           for
           want
           of
           success
           in
           their
           designs
           .
           This
           is
           the
           deplorable
           state
           of
           a
           People
           when
           ruine
           and
           desolation
           is
           near
           them
           .
        
         
           But
           on
           the
           other
           side
           ,
           when
           
             God
          
           raises
           up
           a
           
             Nation
          
           to
           be
           a
           Scourge
           to
           other
           
             Nations
             ,
          
           he
           inspires
           them
           
           with
           a
           new
           spirit
           and
           courage
           ,
           unites
           their
           counsels
           ,
           removes
           their
           difficulties
           or
           carries
           them
           easily
           through
           them
           ,
           and
           by
           a
           concurrence
           of
           some
           happy
           circumstances
           gives
           them
           strange
           success
           beyond
           all
           their
           hopes
           and
           expectations
           .
           Look
           over
           all
           the
           mighty
           Revolutions
           which
           have
           hapned
           in
           the
           
             Kingdoms
          
           and
           
             Empires
          
           of
           the
           
             World
             ,
          
           and
           the
           more
           ye
           search
           and
           consider
           and
           compare
           things
           together
           ,
           the
           greater
           truth
           you
           will
           find
           in
           this
           observation
           .
           When
           
             God
          
           designed
           to
           punish
           the
           
             Eastern
             Nations
          
           for
           their
           transgressions
           ,
           then
           the
           
             Babylonian
             Monarchy
          
           rose
           so
           fast
           and
           spread
           so
           far
           ,
           that
           nothing
           was
           able
           to
           stand
           before
           it
           .
           The
           combinations
           of
           the
           
             Kings
          
           of
           
             Judah
             ,
          
           and
           
             Edom
             ,
          
           and
           
           
             Moab
             ,
          
           and
           
             syre
             ,
          
           and
           
             Sidon
             ,
          
           and
           
             Egypt
          
           were
           but
           like
           
             the
             Withes
             which
             the
          
           Philistins
           
             bound
          
           Sampson
           
             with
             ,
             which
             he
             brake
             in
             sunder
             as
             a
             thred
             of
             Tow
             is
             broken
             when
             it
             toucheth
             the
             fire
             .
             Judah
          
           drinks
           first
           of
           the
           
             Cup
             ,
          
           and
           
           she
           trembles
           and
           falls
           ,
           and
           is
           carried
           into
           captivity
           ;
           then
           follow
           ,
           as
           
             God
          
           had
           foretold
           by
           his
           
             Prophets
             ,
          
           
           the
           desolations
           of
           
             Tyre
             ,
          
           of
           
             Egypt
             ,
          
           of
           
             Put
          
           and
           
             Lud
             ,
             i.
             e.
          
           of
           
             Libya
          
           and
           
             AEthiopia
             ;
          
           and
           at
           last
           the
           Cup
           passes
           round
           ,
           and
           
             Ninivehs
          
           turn
           comes
           to
           drink
           deep
           of
           this
           
             Cup
          
           of
           
             Fury
             ,
          
           and
           she
           was
           laid
           waste
           for
           returning
           to
           her
           sins
           after
           Repentance
           .
        
         
           And
           when
           the
           sins
           of
           
             Babylon
          
           called
           for
           vengeance
           ,
           God
           raised
           up
           
             Cyrus
             ,
          
           and
           called
           him
           by
           his
           
             Name
             ,
          
           long
           before
           he
           was
           born
           ,
           and
           brought
           the
           
           fierce
           Nations
           of
           the
           
             East
          
           to
           submit
           themselves
           to
           
           him
           :
           and
           when
           
             Babylon
          
           was
           most
           secure
           ,
           full
           of
           Wine
           and
           Jollity
           at
           an
           anniversary
           feast
           ,
           he
           led
           
             Cyrus
          
           into
           the
           
             City
          
           by
           a
           way
           they
           dreamed
           not
           of
           ,
           and
           all
           the
           plagues
           which
           the
           
             Prophets
          
           had
           foretold
           ,
           came
           upon
           that
           people
           when
           they
           least
           expected
           them
           .
           It
           was
           not
           the
           
             Courage
          
           and
           
             Spirit
          
           of
           
             Alexander
          
           with
           his
           
             Macedonian
             Army
          
           could
           have
           made
           such
           sudden
           and
           easie
           conquests
           of
           the
           
             East
             ;
          
           if
           
             God
          
           by
           his
           Providence
           had
           not
           strangely
           made
           way
           for
           his
           success
           by
           infatuating
           the
           
             Counsels
          
           of
           
             Darius
             ,
          
           so
           as
           to
           give
           him
           those
           advantages
           against
           himself
           he
           could
           never
           have
           hoped
           for
           .
           There
           is
           no
           such
           mighty
           difference
           in
           the
           wits
           and
           contrivances
           of
           men
           ;
           no
           such
           great
           advantages
           in
           military
           power
           and
           conduct
           ;
           no
           such
           wonderful
           disproportion
           in
           the
           courage
           ,
           or
           wisdom
           ,
           or
           educations
           of
           men
           ;
           but
           when
           
             God
          
           hath
           pleased
           to
           let
           loose
           the
           most
           rude
           ,
           and
           barbarous
           ,
           and
           unexperienced
           Nations
           in
           matters
           of
           War
           ,
           upon
           the
           most
           flourishing
           Kingdoms
           ,
           the
           most
           disciplin'd
           Armies
           ,
           the
           most
           fortified
           Cities
           ,
           they
           have
           in
           spite
           of
           all
           opposition
           over-run
           ,
           overcome
           ,
           and
           overthrown
           them
           .
           Who
           could
           have
           thought
           that
           the
           cowardly
           
             Goths
          
           (
           as
           they
           were
           then
           esteemed
           )
           the
           barbarous
           
             Vandals
             ,
          
           and
           the
           despicable
           
             Hunns
             ,
          
           could
           have
           made
           such
           havock
           and
           devastations
           in
           the
           
             Roman
             Empire
             ,
          
           that
           in
           fifty
           years
           time
           ,
           more
           of
           it
           was
           lost
           and
           destroyed
           by
           their
           means
           ,
           than
           had
           been
           gained
           in
           a
           thousand
           ?
           It
           would
           make
           ones
           heart
           bleed
           to
           read
           the
           miseries
           which
           all
           
           the
           parts
           of
           the
           
             Roman
             Empire
          
           suffered
           ,
           where
           these
           
             Barbarians
          
           prevailed
           ;
           and
           yet
           they
           were
           despised
           and
           reproached
           by
           the
           
             Grave
          
           and
           
             Wise
             Romans
          
           at
           the
           same
           time
           when
           they
           were
           Conquered
           and
           destroyed
           by
           them
           ;
           as
           
             Salvian
          
           who
           lived
           then
           ,
           at
           
           large
           relates
           .
           But
           the
           best
           and
           wisest
           men
           could
           not
           but
           see
           an
           extraordinary
           hand
           of
           God
           going
           along
           with
           them
           ;
           and
           one
           of
           their
           greatest
           
             Generals
          
           found
           himself
           carryed
           on
           by
           such
           a
           mighty
           impulse
           ,
           and
           met
           with
           such
           an
           unaccountable
           success
           in
           all
           his
           undertakings
           ,
           that
           he
           called
           himself
           
             Flagellum
             Dei
             ,
          
           The
           
             Scourge
             in
             Gods
             hand
          
           to
           chastise
           the
           wickedness
           and
           follies
           of
           men
           that
           called
           themselves
           
             Christians
             ,
          
           and
           did
           not
           live
           like
           such
           .
           
             Machiavel
          
           himself
           takes
           notice
           of
           so
           strange
           a
           difference
           
           in
           the
           Conduct
           and
           success
           of
           the
           
             Romans
          
           at
           different
           times
           ,
           that
           he
           saith
           ,
           
             they
             could
             hardly
             be
             imagined
             to
             be
             the
             same
             People
             ;
          
           and
           after
           all
           his
           attempts
           to
           find
           out
           other
           causes
           ,
           he
           at
           last
           is
           forced
           to
           conclude
           that
           there
           is
           a
           
             superiour
             cause
          
           to
           the
           Counsels
           of
           men
           which
           governs
           the
           affairs
           of
           mankind
           ,
           which
           he
           calls
           
             Fate
             ,
          
           and
           we
           much
           better
           ,
           the
           
             Providence
             of
             God.
          
           Some
           learned
           
             Physicians
          
           are
           of
           opinion
           
           that
           when
           diseases
           are
           not
           curable
           by
           common
           remedies
           ,
           there
           is
           in
           them
           
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
          
           ,
           something
           divine
           ,
           and
           therefore
           in
           such
           cases
           
             Divine
             Remedies
          
           are
           the
           most
           proper
           and
           effectual
           :
           thus
           in
           the
           alterations
           of
           
             States
          
           and
           
             Kingdoms
             ,
          
           there
           is
           often
           a
           
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
          
           ,
           a
           more
           than
           ordinary
           
             hand
          
           of
           
             God
             ,
          
           in
           which
           
           cases
           the
           best
           means
           we
           can
           use
           to
           prevent
           danger
           is
           by
           
             Fasting
          
           and
           
             Prayer
             ,
          
           by
           true
           repentance
           and
           speedy
           
             Reformation
          
           of
           our
           evil
           wayes
           .
        
         
           (
           4.
           )
           Because
           the
           Scripture
           still
           leaves
           hopes
           of
           Mercy
           to
           a
           People
           where
           they
           have
           a
           heart
           to
           repent
           .
           I
           do
           not
           find
           by
           any
           declaration
           of
           Gods
           Will
           in
           Scripture
           ,
           that
           he
           hath
           made
           any
           such
           peremptory
           decree
           concerning
           the
           ruine
           of
           a
           Nation
           ,
           but
           upon
           their
           repentance
           there
           is
           a
           way
           left
           to
           escape
           it
           ;
           but
           rather
           the
           contrary
           in
           those
           words
           of
           
             Jeremiah
             ,
             At
             what
             instant
             I
             shall
             speak
             concerning
          
           
           
             a
             Nation
             ,
             and
             concerning
             a
             Kingdom
             ,
             to
             pluck
             up
             and
             to
             pull
             down
             and
             to
             destroy
             it
             :
             If
             that
             Nation
             against
             whom
             I
             have
             pronounced
             ,
             turn
             from
             their
             evil
             ,
             I
             will
             repent
             of
             the
             evil
             which
             I
             thought
             to
             do
             unto
             them
             .
          
           And
           therefore
           all
           threatnings
           of
           that
           kind
           are
           conditional
           as
           this
           in
           the
           Text
           is
           ,
           
             But
             if
             ye
             shall
             still
             do
             wickedly
             :
          
           which
           implyes
           that
           if
           they
           did
           cease
           to
           do
           so
           ,
           they
           might
           be
           preserved
           ,
           both
           they
           and
           their
           King.
           And
           where
           repentance
           hath
           intervened
           between
           the
           threatning
           and
           execution
           of
           judgement
           ,
           God
           hath
           shewed
           wonderful
           kindness
           either
           in
           stopping
           ,
           removing
           ,
           or
           deferring
           the
           severity
           of
           judgements
           .
        
         
           1.
           
           In
           
             stopping
          
           his
           
             hand
          
           when
           it
           hath
           been
           
             lifted
             up
             ,
          
           and
           just
           ready
           to
           
             strike
             .
          
           We
           can
           desire
           no
           clearer
           instance
           in
           that
           case
           than
           that
           of
           
             Niniveh
             ;
          
           a
           vast
           
           City
           (
           or
           rather
           a
           Countrey
           inclosed
           in
           
             Walls
             )
          
           full
           of
           all
           the
           delights
           of
           
             Asia
             ,
          
           and
           of
           the
           sins
           
           which
           usually
           attend
           them
           ;
           to
           this
           City
           God
           sends
           a
           Prophet
           to
           let
           them
           know
           how
           near
           they
           were
           to
           destruction
           ,
           that
           
             they
             had
             but
             forty
             dayes
             time
          
           to
           turn
           themselves
           in
           .
           This
           was
           a
           strange
           and
           unexpected
           alarm
           to
           them
           ,
           given
           by
           a
           strange
           Prophet
           after
           a
           peremptory
           manner
           to
           a
           people
           unacquainted
           with
           such
           messages
           .
           How
           many
           objections
           would
           the
           Infidels
           and
           Scepticks
           of
           our
           Age
           have
           made
           against
           such
           a
           Message
           as
           this
           ?
           They
           would
           rather
           have
           concluded
           the
           Prophet
           
             Mad
             ,
          
           than
           have
           been
           perswaded
           to
           repent
           by
           him
           .
           Yet
           so
           great
           was
           the
           apprehension
           they
           had
           of
           the
           just
           desert
           of
           their
           sins
           ,
           that
           the
           
             People
          
           of
           
             Nineveh
             believed
             God
             and
             proclaimed
             a
             Fast
             ,
             and
             put
             on
             Sackcloth
             ,
             from
             the
             greatest
             of
             them
             even
             to
             the
             least
             :
          
           
           
             and
             they
             cryed
             mightily
             to
             God
             ,
             and
             turned
             from
             their
          
           
           
             evil
             wayes
             :
          
           And
           what
           then
           ?
           Would
           God
           disparage
           the
           reputation
           of
           his
           
             Prophet
             ,
          
           and
           alter
           the
           sentence
           he
           had
           sent
           him
           so
           far
           to
           denounce
           against
           them
           ?
           What
           hopes
           had
           he
           given
           them
           of
           mercy
           if
           they
           repented
           ?
           It
           appears
           they
           had
           nothing
           but
           general
           presumptions
           ,
           
             Who
             can
             tell
             ,
             if
             God
             will
          
           
           
             turn
             and
             repent
             ,
             and
             turn
             away
             from
             his
             fierce
             anger
             that
             we
             perish
             not
             ?
          
           Yet
           sincere
           repentance
           being
           performed
           upon
           no
           greater
           assurance
           than
           this
           ,
           prevailed
           so
           with
           
             God
             ,
             that
             he
             repented
             of
             the
             evil
             that
             he
             said
             he
             would
             do
             unto
             them
             ,
             and
             he
             did
             it
             not
             .
          
           O
           the
           depth
           of
           the
           riches
           both
           of
           the
           
             Wisdom
          
           and
           
             Goodness
          
           of
           
             God!
          
           His
           
             Wisdom
          
           in
           leading
           them
           to
           repentance
           ;
           
           his
           
             Goodness
          
           in
           for
           bearing
           to
           punish
           after
           so
           great
           provocations
           .
           What
           encouragement
           doth
           God
           hereby
           give
           to
           others
           to
           repent
           ,
           when
           
             Niniveh
          
           was
           rescued
           from
           the
           very
           brink
           of
           destruction
           by
           it
           ?
        
         
           2.
           
           In
           
             removing
          
           his
           
             hand
          
           when
           it
           hath
           
             struck
             .
          
           When
           
             Davids
          
           vanity
           transported
           him
           so
           far
           ,
           that
           without
           any
           necessity
           he
           would
           know
           the
           
             Number
          
           of
           his
           
             People
             ;
          
           his
           
             heart
          
           did
           misgive
           him
           as
           soon
           as
           he
           had
           done
           it
           ,
           
             and
             he
             confessed
             he
             had
             sinned
             greatly
             in
             it
             ;
          
           notwithstanding
           this
           
             God
          
           sends
           a
           plague
           among
           
           the
           People
           ,
           which
           touched
           
             David
          
           to
           the
           quick
           ,
           as
           a
           tender
           
             Father
          
           is
           most
           sensibly
           punished
           in
           the
           
             loss
          
           of
           his
           
             Children
             ;
          
           and
           
             then
             he
             cryed
             ,
             Lo
             I
             have
             sinned
             ,
             and
             I
             have
             done
             wickedly
             ;
             but
             these
             Sheep
             what
             have
             they
             done
             ?
          
           
           And
           when
           the
           
             Angel
             had
             stretched
             out
             his
             hand
             upon
             Jerusalem
             to
             destroy
             it
             ,
             the
             Lord
             repented
             him
             of
             the
             evil
             ,
             and
             said
             to
             the
             Angel
             It
             is
             enough
             ,
             stay
             now
             thy
             hand
             .
          
           Behold
           therefore
           the
           
             goodness
             and
             severity
             of
             God
             ;
          
           on
           them
           which
           fell
           
             severity
             ;
          
           but
           towards
           
             Jerusalem
             goodness
             .
          
           His
           
             severity
          
           was
           intended
           to
           make
           people
           avoid
           a
           vain
           confidence
           in
           their
           own
           
             strength
          
           and
           
             numbers
             ;
          
           his
           
             goodness
          
           to
           let
           them
           see
           how
           ready
           he
           is
           to
           draw
           back
           his
           hand
           when
           men
           truly
           repent
           .
        
         
           3.
           
           In
           
             putting
          
           by
           the
           
             stroke
          
           for
           the
           present
           ,
           or
           deferring
           the
           execution
           of
           his
           wrath
           .
           No
           
             King
          
           of
           
             Israel
          
           provoked
           
             God
          
           more
           than
           
             Ahab
             ;
          
           for
           it
           is
           said
           of
           him
           ,
           
             that
             he
             did
             evil
             in
             the
             sight
             of
             the
             Lord
             above
             all
             
             
             that
             were
             before
             him
             ;
             and
             that
             he
             sold
             himself
             to
             work
             wickedness
             in
             the
             sight
             of
             the
             Lord.
             
          
           At
           last
           the
           Prophet
           
           
             Elijah
          
           meets
           him
           in
           
             Naboths
          
           Vineyard
           which
           he
           had
           
           just
           taken
           possession
           of
           by
           fraud
           and
           violence
           ;
           when
           
             Ahab
          
           saw
           such
           an
           unwelcome
           Guest
           in
           that
           place
           ,
           his
           guilt
           made
           him
           ready
           to
           start
           back
           ,
           and
           to
           say
           ,
           
             Hast
             thou
             found
             me
             ,
             O
             mine
             enemy
             ?
          
           The
           Prophet
           
           having
           this
           fair
           opportunity
           followed
           the
           blow
           he
           had
           given
           him
           so
           home
           ,
           that
           
             Ahab
          
           was
           not
           able
           to
           stand
           before
           him
           :
           for
           it
           is
           said
           ,
           that
           when
           
             Ahab
          
           heard
           the
           terrible
           judgements
           
             God
          
           denounced
           against
           him
           for
           his
           sins
           ,
           
             he
             rent
             his
             clothes
             ,
             and
             put
             sackcloth
             upon
             his
             flesh
             and
             fasted
             ,
             and
          
           in
           good
           
           earnest
           
             humbled
             himself
             before
             God
             ;
          
           For
           so
           
             God
          
           himself
           owns
           that
           he
           did
           .
           I
           do
           not
           say
           he
           continued
           good
           after
           this
           ;
           but
           he
           now
           heartily
           repented
           for
           the
           time
           ;
           and
           for
           the
           time
           of
           repentance
           God
           inlarged
           his
           time
           of
           forbearance
           .
           
             Because
             he
             humbleth
             himself
             before
             me
             ,
             I
             will
             not
             bring
             the
             evil
             in
             his
             days
             .
          
           Even
           a
           short
           repentance
           ,
           when
           sincere
           ,
           gains
           time
           ,
           by
           a
           reprieve
           from
           punishment
           .
           When
           the
           sins
           of
           a
           
             Nation
          
           are
           grown
           to
           a
           great
           height
           ,
           and
           become
           ripe
           for
           vengeance
           ,
           the
           best
           Princes
           can
           obtain
           no
           more
           than
           not
           seeing
           
             the
             evil
             in
             their
             own
             days
             ,
          
           as
           in
           the
           case
           of
           
             Josiah
          
           who
           was
           an
           excellent
           
             Prince
             ,
          
           and
           a
           true
           lover
           of
           
             God
          
           and
           his
           
             Law
             ,
          
           yet
           the
           
             people
          
           continued
           so
           hardned
           in
           their
           sins
           ,
           though
           under
           some
           shew
           of
           
             Reformation
             ;
          
           that
           the
           
             Prophetess
          
           told
           him
           ;
           
             behold
             I
             will
             bring
             evil
             upon
             this
             place
             ,
             and
             upon
             the
             Inhabitants
             
             
             thereof
             ,
          
           &c.
           
             But
             because
             his
             heart
             was
             tender
             ,
             and
             he
          
           
           
             humbled
             himself
             before
             the
             Lord
             ,
          
           he
           obtained
           that
           favour
           ,
           
             that
             his
             eyes
             should
             not
             see
             the
             evil
             which
             he
             would
          
           
           
             bring
             upon
             them
             .
          
           If
           the
           People
           had
           been
           as
           good
           as
           
             Josiah
          
           was
           ,
           there
           is
           no
           question
           ,
           but
           even
           then
           
             God
          
           would
           have
           repented
           of
           the
           evil
           ;
           but
           where
           there
           was
           such
           an
           obstinate
           impenitency
           ,
           that
           neither
           Gods
           Laws
           ,
           nor
           the
           Prophets
           threatnings
           ,
           nor
           the
           Princes
           example
           could
           prevail
           upon
           them
           ;
           all
           that
           his
           humiliation
           could
           obtain
           ,
           was
           only
           a
           putting
           it
           off
           for
           his
           own
           time
           ;
           and
           we
           have
           reason
           to
           think
           that
           their
           sins
           did
           hasten
           his
           end
           too
           ;
           as
           sometimes
           the
           sins
           of
           a
           people
           make
           the
           best
           of
           Princes
           to
           be
           taken
           away
           from
           them
           :
           and
           when
           the
           ten
           Tribes
           were
           carried
           captive
           ,
           their
           King
           
             Hoshea
          
           is
           said
           ,
           
             not
             to
             have
             done
             evil
             as
             the
             Kings
             of
             Israel
          
           
           
             that
             were
             before
             him
             .
          
           And
           to
           
             Judah
          
           after
           
             Josias
          
           his
           death
           ,
           God
           punctually
           made
           good
           this
           threatning
           in
           the
           Text
           ,
           
             But
             if
             ye
             shall
             still
             do
             wickedly
             ,
             ye
             shall
             be
             consumed
             both
             ye
             and
             your
             King.
             
          
        
         
           II.
           The
           second
           particular
           is
           ,
           That
           according
           to
           the
           usual
           method
           of
           
             Providence
          
           the
           state
           or
           condition
           of
           a
           
             People
          
           is
           better
           or
           worse
           according
           to
           the
           general
           nature
           of
           their
           
             Actions
             .
          
           If
           they
           be
           good
           and
           vertuous
           ,
           careful
           to
           please
           God
           ,
           just
           ,
           sober
           ,
           chast
           ,
           merciful
           ,
           diligent
           observers
           of
           Gods
           Laws
           ,
           and
           their
           own
           ,
           and
           dealing
           with
           other
           Nations
           according
           to
           the
           Laws
           of
           Nations
           ,
           they
           will
           live
           in
           a
           much
           more
           flourishing
           and
           happy
           condition
           ;
           
           than
           a
           Nation
           can
           do
           where
           Atheism
           ,
           Profaneness
           ,
           and
           all
           sorts
           of
           Wickedness
           abound
           :
           which
           I
           shall
           prove
           two
           ways
           ,
        
         
           (
           1.
           )
           
             Absolutely
             ,
          
           from
           the
           tendency
           of
           Religion
           and
           Vertue
           to
           promote
           the
           Honour
           ,
           the
           Peace
           ,
           the
           Courage
           and
           safety
           of
           a
           People
           .
        
         
           (
           2.
           )
           
             Comparatively
             ,
          
           that
           Nations
           are
           more
           or
           less
           happy
           according
           to
           their
           vertues
           and
           vices
           .
        
         
           (
           1.
           )
           
             Absolutely
             ,
          
           and
           that
           will
           appear
           ,
           (
           1.
           )
           From
           the
           tendency
           of
           true
           Goodness
           and
           Piety
           to
           promote
           a
           Nations
           
             Honour
          
           and
           
             Interest
          
           abroad
           .
           And
           no
           man
           is
           ignorant
           how
           much
           
             Reputation
          
           brings
           of
           real
           advantage
           to
           a
           Nation
           ;
           and
           that
           a
           People
           despised
           are
           next
           to
           a
           People
           enslaved
           ;
           and
           that
           it
           is
           impossible
           to
           hold
           up
           honour
           and
           esteem
           in
           the
           world
           ,
           where
           the
           reputation
           of
           Vertue
           is
           lost
           .
        
         
           (
           2.
           )
           From
           its
           tendency
           to
           maintain
           
             peace
          
           and
           
             tranquillity
          
           at
           home
           ;
           preventing
           private
           quarrels
           ,
           by
           justice
           ,
           and
           honesty
           ,
           and
           temperance
           ,
           and
           chastity
           ;
           and
           publick
           disturbances
           by
           avoiding
           idleness
           ,
           and
           debauchery
           ,
           and
           bad
           principles
           ,
           which
           are
           the
           great
           nurseries
           of
           Rebellion
           ;
           and
           teaching
           men
           quietness
           ,
           patience
           ,
           due
           government
           of
           themselves
           ,
           and
           obedience
           
             not
             only
             for
             wrath
             ,
             but
             also
             for
             Conscience
             sake
             .
          
           Whereas
           loose
           principles
           ,
           and
           bad
           practises
           ,
           and
           extravagant
           desires
           naturally
           dispose
           men
           to
           endeavour
           changes
           and
           alterations
           ,
           in
           hopes
           of
           bettering
           themselves
           by
           them
           ;
           and
           the
           prevalency
           of
           Vice
           doth
           unhinge
           
           Government
           ,
           and
           weaken
           the
           strength
           and
           sinews
           of
           it
           .
        
         
           (
           3.
           )
           From
           the
           keeping
           up
           the
           
             spirits
             ,
          
           and
           securing
           the
           safety
           of
           men
           .
           A
           good
           Conscience
           makes
           a
           man
           dare
           to
           do
           his
           duty
           ;
           but
           
             the
             sinners
             in
             Zion
             are
             afraid
             ,
             fearfulness
             hath
             surprised
             the
             Hypocrites
             .
          
           
           These
           were
           men
           ,
           saith
           
             Grotius
             ,
          
           who
           carried
           a
           fair
           shew
           for
           the
           present
           ,
           but
           were
           inwardly
           prepared
           ,
           if
           the
           
             King
          
           of
           
             Babylon
          
           got
           the
           better
           ,
           to
           be
           of
           his
           
             Religion
             ,
          
           whatever
           it
           was
           .
           Such
           men
           who
           are
           false
           to
           God
           ,
           and
           really
           of
           no
           Religion
           at
           all
           ,
           are
           full
           of
           thoughts
           and
           fears
           ,
           not
           knowing
           what
           may
           happen
           ;
           they
           dare
           not
           own
           what
           they
           would
           be
           ,
           for
           fear
           it
           ruine
           them
           at
           present
           ;
           and
           they
           dare
           not
           appear
           too
           much
           for
           what
           they
           seem
           to
           own
           ,
           for
           fear
           of
           what
           may
           come
           hereafter
           .
           
             If
             the
             Lord
             be
             God
             ,
          
           saith
           
             Elijah
             ,
             then
             follow
             him
             ;
             but
             if
          
           
           
             Baal
             ,
             then
             follow
             him
             :
          
           No
           ,
           say
           such
           men
           ,
           if
           they
           durst
           speak
           their
           thoughts
           ,
           we
           desire
           to
           be
           excused
           at
           present
           ,
           we
           find
           there
           is
           a
           contest
           between
           them
           ,
           and
           we
           do
           not
           yet
           know
           which
           will
           get
           the
           better
           ,
           when
           we
           see
           that
           ,
           you
           shall
           know
           our
           minds
           .
           As
           
             Asinius
             Pollio
          
           told
           
             Augustus
          
           in
           his
           Wars
           with
           
             Antony
          
           he
           was
           resolved
           to
           be
           
             praeda
             victoris
             ,
          
           he
           would
           be
           of
           the
           Conquerors
           side
           .
           But
           men
           that
           are
           sincere
           in
           any
           Religion
           ,
           do
           hate
           and
           abhor
           such
           hypocritical
           Dissemblers
           ,
           and
           despise
           and
           spue
           them
           out
           for
           their
           nauseous
           lukewarmness
           ;
           and
           as
           men
           indeed
           of
           no
           Religion
           or
           Conscience
           ,
           but
           for
           what
           
           serves
           to
           their
           present
           ends
           .
           But
           observe
           in
           what
           a
           lofty
           strain
           the
           Prophet
           sets
           forth
           the
           security
           and
           confidence
           which
           follows
           integrity
           .
           
             He
             that
             walketh
             righteously
             and
             speaketh
             uprightly
             ,
             he
             that
             despiseth
          
           
           
             the
             gain
             of
             oppressions
             ,
             that
             shaketh
             his
             hands
             from
             holding
             bribes
             ,
             that
             stoppeth
             his
             ears
             from
             hearing
             of
             blood
             ,
             and
             stoppeth
             his
             eyes
             from
             seeing
             evil
             .
             He
             shall
             dwell
          
           
           
             on
             high
             ,
             his
             place
             of
             defence
             shall
             be
             the
             munition
             of
             rocks
             ,
             bread
             shall
             be
             given
             him
             ,
             his
             waters
             shall
             be
             sure
             .
          
           These
           were
           very
           critical
           and
           doubtful
           times
           which
           the
           Prophet
           speaks
           of
           ,
           and
           many
           were
           secretly
           for
           complying
           with
           the
           
             King
          
           of
           
             Assyria
             ,
          
           as
           believing
           it
           as
           impossible
           to
           withstand
           his
           force
           ,
           as
           
             to
             dwell
             with
             everlasting
             burnings
             ;
          
           the
           Prophet
           is
           so
           far
           from
           granting
           this
           ,
           that
           he
           tells
           them
           all
           their
           security
           lay
           in
           being
           just
           and
           honest
           ,
           and
           doing
           their
           duty
           ,
           and
           then
           they
           would
           be
           as
           safe
           ,
           as
           if
           they
           had
           constant
           provision
           among
           the
           most
           inaccessible
           Rocks
           .
           It
           is
           observable
           concerning
           the
           
             Israelites
             ,
          
           that
           when
           they
           went
           about
           to
           secure
           themselves
           by
           subtile
           devices
           and
           contrivances
           of
           their
           own
           ,
           making
           leagues
           and
           confederacies
           with
           the
           
             King
          
           of
           
             Egypt
          
           and
           other
           neighbour
           Princes
           ,
           so
           often
           they
           were
           foiled
           ,
           and
           baffled
           ,
           and
           overcome
           by
           their
           enemies
           ;
           but
           when
           they
           put
           their
           trust
           in
           
             God
             ,
          
           and
           committed
           themselves
           to
           his
           protection
           ,
           he
           preserved
           and
           delivered
           them
           from
           the
           greatest
           dangers
           .
           I
           will
           not
           deny
           that
           there
           was
           something
           peculiar
           in
           their
           case
           ,
           having
           the
           Prophets
           directions
           ;
           
           and
           to
           trust
           mans
           wisdom
           against
           Gods
           was
           madness
           and
           folly
           in
           them
           .
           But
           setting
           that
           aside
           ,
           as
           there
           is
           no
           security
           like
           to
           Gods
           protection
           ,
           so
           there
           is
           no
           reason
           to
           think
           that
           will
           be
           wanting
           to
           them
           who
           do
           their
           duty
           sincerely
           and
           put
           their
           trust
           in
           him
           .
        
         
           (
           2.
           )
           
             Comparatively
             ;
          
           If
           we
           do
           compare
           several
           Nations
           together
           ,
           we
           shall
           find
           those
           to
           flourish
           most
           ,
           and
           to
           be
           the
           most
           happy
           where
           men
           do
           most
           
             fear
             God
             and
             work
             righteousness
             ;
          
           where
           piety
           and
           vertue
           have
           the
           greatest
           countenance
           and
           incouragement
           ;
           and
           where
           vice
           and
           wickedness
           are
           the
           most
           discouraged
           and
           punished
           .
        
         
           This
           may
           seem
           a
           
             Paradox
          
           at
           first
           hearing
           to
           those
           who
           consider
           by
           what
           ways
           of
           fraud
           and
           violence
           ,
           of
           injustice
           and
           cruelty
           ,
           of
           rapine
           and
           oppression
           ,
           the
           great
           and
           mighty
           Empires
           of
           the
           world
           have
           been
           raised
           and
           maintained
           ;
           and
           how
           little
           regard
           is
           shewed
           to
           any
           rules
           of
           Honesty
           ,
           Justice
           ,
           or
           the
           Laws
           of
           Nations
           in
           those
           Kingdoms
           and
           States
           which
           resolve
           to
           be
           great
           ,
           and
           in
           spight
           of
           other
           Nations
           to
           maintain
           their
           Greatness
           .
        
         
           Yet
           notwithstanding
           this
           plausible
           objection
           ,
           the
           truth
           of
           my
           assertion
           will
           appear
           ,
           if
           we
           understand
           it
           as
           we
           ought
           to
           do
           with
           these
           following
           Cautions
           .
        
         
           1.
           
           That
           it
           is
           not
           to
           be
           understood
           of
           the
           largeness
           of
           dominion
           ,
           or
           superfluity
           of
           riches
           ,
           
           but
           of
           the
           true
           happiness
           of
           living
           in
           society
           together
           ;
           which
           is
           by
           promoting
           the
           real
           
             good
          
           of
           all
           .
           To
           which
           the
           vastness
           of
           Empire
           ,
           and
           immensity
           of
           riches
           is
           by
           no
           means
           necessary
           ,
           but
           a
           sufficiency
           both
           of
           strength
           and
           treasure
           to
           defend
           it self
           in
           case
           of
           foreign
           enemies
           ,
           and
           to
           provide
           for
           the
           necessities
           and
           conveniencies
           of
           all
           the
           Members
           of
           it
           .
           Those
           who
           have
           best
           considered
           
           these
           things
           ,
           suppose
           that
           to
           be
           the
           most
           exact
           and
           perfect
           Idea
           of
           Government
           ,
           where
           all
           things
           are
           in
           a
           certain
           measure
           ,
           and
           have
           a
           proportion
           to
           each
           other
           so
           as
           most
           conduces
           to
           the
           true
           end
           of
           living
           ;
           not
           to
           riot
           and
           luxury
           ,
           not
           to
           softness
           and
           effeminacy
           ,
           not
           to
           pride
           and
           ambition
           ,
           not
           to
           the
           heaping
           up
           of
           riches
           without
           use
           and
           respect
           to
           a
           general
           good
           ;
           but
           so
           as
           all
           men
           may
           according
           to
           their
           conditions
           and
           circumstances
           enjoy
           what
           they
           have
           ,
           or
           can
           get
           ,
           with
           the
           greatest
           comfort
           to
           themselves
           and
           their
           friends
           ,
           and
           do
           the
           most
           generous
           and
           vertuous
           actions
           .
        
         
           2.
           
           That
           this
           is
           not
           to
           be
           understood
           of
           the
           private
           benefit
           of
           any
           particular
           persons
           ,
           but
           of
           the
           
             general
             good
          
           of
           all
           sorts
           and
           conditions
           of
           men
           .
           The
           Eastern
           Monarchies
           have
           seemed
           to
           be
           the
           most
           happy
           and
           flourishing
           to
           those
           who
           look
           at
           a
           distance
           upon
           them
           ,
           and
           only
           observe
           the
           
             Pomp
          
           and
           
             Grandeur
          
           of
           their
           
             Princes
             ,
          
           without
           looking
           into
           the
           
             State
          
           and
           
             Condition
          
           of
           the
           
             People
             .
             Aristotle
          
           observes
           ,
           that
           
             the
             Eastern
             people
             had
             more
             wit
             and
             slavery
             
             
             with
             it
             ,
             the
             Northern
             had
             less
             quickness
             and
             more
             liberty
             ,
             the
             Greeks
             lying
             between
             both
             had
             their
             share
             in
             both
             .
          
           But
           the
           
             Eastern
             slavery
          
           hath
           brought
           
             Barbarism
          
           into
           
             Greece
          
           it self
           ;
           and
           the
           
             Northern
             Liberty
          
           hath
           so
           improved
           the
           wits
           ,
           and
           given
           such
           encouragement
           to
           the
           industry
           of
           men
           ,
           that
           our
           people
           at
           this
           day
           enjoy
           more
           benefit
           by
           the
           riches
           of
           the
           
             East
             ,
          
           than
           those
           do
           among
           whom
           they
           grow
           .
           Can
           we
           call
           them
           a
           happy
           people
           that
           see
           much
           riches
           and
           enjoy
           none
           ;
           having
           nothing
           which
           they
           can
           call
           their
           own
           ,
           unless
           it
           be
           their
           slavery
           ?
           That
           is
           certainly
           the
           happiest
           condition
           of
           a
           people
           ,
           where
           the
           Prince
           sits
           upon
           the
           Throne
           of
           Majesty
           and
           Power
           ,
           doing
           righteousness
           and
           shewing
           kindness
           ;
           and
           the
           people
           sit
           
             every
             man
             under
             his
             Vine
             ,
             and
             under
             his
             Fig-tree
             ,
          
           enjoying
           the
           fruits
           of
           his
           own
           labours
           ,
           or
           his
           Ancestors
           bounty
           :
           Where
           the
           People
           think
           it
           their
           interest
           to
           support
           and
           obey
           their
           Prince
           ;
           and
           the
           Prince
           thinks
           it
           his
           interest
           to
           protect
           and
           defend
           his
           people
           .
           
             Happy
             is
             the
             People
             that
             is
             in
             such
             a
             case
             ;
          
           but
           above
           all
           ,
           
             happy
             is
             that
          
           
           
             People
             whose
             God
             is
             the
             Lord.
          
           For
           without
           his
           Blessing
           ,
           the
           best
           Government
           ,
           the
           best
           Laws
           ,
           the
           best
           Ministers
           can
           never
           preserve
           a
           Nations
           happiness
           ;
           and
           there
           is
           no
           reason
           to
           expect
           his
           Blessing
           ,
           but
           in
           the
           wayes
           of
           Piety
           and
           Vertue
           .
        
         
           3.
           
           That
           it
           is
           not
           to
           be
           understood
           of
           sudden
           and
           surprizing
           events
           ,
           but
           of
           a
           
             lasting
          
           and
           
             continued
             state
             .
          
           For
           when
           
             God
          
           hath
           been
           highly
           provoked
           
           to
           punish
           several
           Nations
           for
           their
           sins
           ;
           he
           may
           give
           unexpected
           success
           to
           that
           
             Nation
          
           by
           whom
           he
           designs
           to
           punish
           the
           rest
           ;
           and
           when
           they
           have
           done
           that
           work
           ,
           they
           may
           then
           suffer
           more
           smartly
           for
           their
           own
           iniquities
           .
           Of
           this
           we
           have
           a
           remarkable
           instance
           in
           
             Scripture
             ;
          
           God
           designed
           to
           punish
           the
           
             Kingdoms
             of
             the
             earth
             for
             their
             sins
             ;
          
           to
           
           this
           purpose
           he
           raiseth
           up
           
             Nebuchadnezar
             King
             of
             Babylon
             ,
          
           whom
           he
           therefore
           calls
           
             his
             Servant
             ;
          
           and
           
           the
           first
           example
           of
           his
           severity
           was
           his
           
             own
             People
             ;
          
           when
           this
           was
           done
           ,
           then
           follow
           the
           desolations
           of
           
             Egypt
             ,
          
           of
           
             Phoenicia
             ,
             Arabia
             ,
          
           and
           other
           Countries
           in
           so
           strange
           a
           manner
           ,
           that
           some
           have
           called
           it
           
             the
             Age
             of
             the
             destruction
             of
             Cities
             .
          
           But
           doth
           the
           
           King
           of
           
             Babylon
          
           think
           to
           escape
           himself
           ?
           No
           ,
           saith
           the
           Prophet
           ,
           
             the
             King
             of
             Shesbach
             shall
             drink
             after
             them
             ;
          
           his
           turn
           would
           come
           at
           last
           ,
           when
           he
           had
           accomplished
           the
           design
           God
           sent
           him
           upon
           in
           the
           punishment
           of
           others
           .
           Thus
           for
           a
           time
           ,
           a
           Nation
           may
           seem
           to
           flourish
           exceedingly
           ,
           and
           be
           victorious
           over
           others
           while
           they
           are
           as
           
             Scourges
             in
             Gods
             hand
          
           for
           the
           punishment
           of
           others
           ,
           and
           when
           that
           work
           is
           over
           may
           suffer
           most
           severely
           for
           their
           own
           sins
           .
        
         
           4.
           
           It
           is
           to
           be
           understood
           of
           Persons
           under
           
             equal
             circumstances
             ,
          
           when
           we
           compare
           the
           condition
           of
           People
           with
           each
           other
           :
           not
           the
           Nobles
           of
           one
           Nation
           with
           the
           Peasants
           of
           another
           ,
           nor
           the
           Princes
           with
           the
           People
           ;
           but
           every
           rank
           and
           order
           
           of
           men
           with
           those
           of
           the
           same
           rank
           and
           condition
           .
        
         
           And
           upon
           these
           terms
           ,
           we
           need
           no
           other
           proof
           of
           the
           truth
           of
           this
           assertion
           ,
           than
           the
           instance
           in
           the
           
             Text
          
           of
           the
           
             People
          
           of
           
             Israel
             ;
          
           which
           will
           best
           appear
           by
           comparing
           the
           state
           of
           both
           
             Kingdoms
          
           after
           the
           
             Body
          
           of
           the
           
             People
          
           was
           broken
           into
           the
           
             Kingdoms
          
           of
           
             Israel
          
           and
           
             Judah
             .
          
           The
           
             Kingdom
          
           of
           
             Israel
          
           by
           
             Jeroboams
          
           Policy
           ,
           and
           for
           
             Reason
          
           of
           
             State
             ,
          
           fell
           off
           from
           the
           
             Worship
          
           of
           the
           true
           God
           ,
           and
           worshipped
           
             the
             Calves
             of
             Dan
             and
             Bethel
             .
          
           But
           did
           they
           prosper
           or
           succeed
           more
           than
           the
           
             Kingdom
          
           of
           
             Judah
             ?
          
           The
           ten
           Tribes
           had
           a
           much
           larger
           territory
           ,
           yet
           the
           
             Kingdom
          
           of
           
             Judah
          
           was
           stronger
           and
           flourished
           more
           ,
           and
           continued
           longer
           ,
           by
           135
           years
           ,
           than
           the
           
             Kingdom
          
           of
           
             Israel
          
           did
           ;
           and
           when
           they
           were
           carried
           into
           
             Captivity
             ,
          
           the
           ten
           Tribes
           were
           lost
           as
           to
           their
           name
           and
           interest
           among
           the
           
             People
          
           of
           
             Assyria
             ;
          
           but
           the
           
             two
             Tribes
          
           were
           restored
           after
           70
           years
           Captivity
           under
           the
           
             Princes
          
           of
           the
           
             Line
          
           of
           
             David
             .
          
           If
           we
           compare
           the
           
             Kings
          
           of
           
             Israel
          
           and
           
             Judah
          
           together
           ;
           The
           
             Posterity
          
           of
           
             David
          
           was
           kept
           up
           among
           the
           
             Kings
          
           of
           
             Judah
             ;
          
           but
           there
           were
           nine
           Families
           in
           the
           
             Kingdom
          
           of
           
             Israel
             ;
          
           and
           but
           one
           of
           them
           lasted
           to
           the
           fourth
           Generation
           ,
           and
           that
           was
           of
           
             Jehu
             ,
          
           who
           did
           something
           towards
           the
           
             Reformation
          
           of
           
             Religion
             .
          
           Of
           the
           eighteen
           
             Kings
          
           of
           
             Israel
             ,
          
           but
           eight
           escaped
           dying
           by
           the
           Sword
           :
           and
           it
           is
           easie
           to
           judge
           how
           miserable
           the
           
             state
          
           of
           that
           
             People
          
           must
           
           be
           ,
           under
           so
           many
           violent
           changes
           of
           Government
           .
           Among
           the
           
             Kings
          
           of
           
             Judah
          
           those
           who
           were
           firmest
           to
           the
           true
           Religion
           prospered
           most
           ,
           and
           the
           
             Nation
          
           under
           them
           enjoyed
           the
           greatest
           peace
           ,
           or
           received
           the
           greatest
           deliverances
           ,
           as
           in
           the
           dayes
           of
           
             Asa
             ,
             Jehoshaphat
          
           and
           
             Hezekiah
             .
          
           If
           we
           compare
           the
           times
           of
           the
           same
           
             Kings
          
           together
           ,
           we
           shall
           find
           that
           while
           they
           adhered
           firmly
           to
           
             God
          
           and
           
             Religion
          
           the
           
             Nation
          
           prospered
           exceedingly
           ,
           as
           for
           a
           long
           time
           under
           the
           
             Reigns
          
           of
           
             Solomon
          
           and
           
             Asa
             ;
          
           but
           when
           in
           their
           old
           Age
           they
           began
           to
           warp
           in
           their
           Religion
           and
           to
           decline
           in
           their
           Piety
           ,
           nothing
           but
           trouble
           and
           confusion
           followed
           .
           So
           true
           did
           they
           find
           the
           saying
           of
           
             Hanani
          
           to
           
             Asa
             ,
             The
             eyes
             of
          
           
           
             the
             Lord
             run
             to
             and
             fro
             throughout
             the
             whole
             earth
             ,
             to
             shew
             himself
             strong
             in
             the
             behalf
             of
             them
             whose
             heart
             is
             perfect
             towards
             him
             .
          
           But
           because
           he
           said
           ,
           
             he
             had
             done
             foolishly
             in
             not
             relying
             on
             the
             Lord
             ,
             but
             on
             the
             King
             of
             Syria
             ,
             therefore
             ,
          
           saith
           he
           ,
           
             from
             henceforth
             thou
             shalt
             have
             wars
             .
          
           And
           from
           that
           time
           his
           Government
           
           was
           uneasie
           both
           to
           himself
           and
           his
           People
           ;
           when
           he
           had
           imprisoned
           the
           Prophet
           for
           reproving
           him
           .
        
         
           III.
           That
           there
           are
           some
           
             circumstances
          
           in
           the
           
             sins
          
           of
           a
           
             Nation
             ,
          
           which
           do
           very
           much
           portend
           and
           hasten
           its
           Ruine
           .
           As
           ,
        
         
           1.
           
           When
           they
           are
           committed
           after
           more
           than
           ordinary
           mercies
           received
           ;
           such
           as
           in
           reason
           ought
           to
           keep
           men
           most
           from
           the
           commission
           of
           them
           ;
           
           as
           greater
           knowledge
           of
           the
           
             Will
          
           of
           
             God
          
           than
           other
           
             People
          
           enjoy
           ;
           more
           frequent
           warnings
           of
           their
           danger
           than
           others
           have
           had
           ;
           many
           and
           great
           deliverances
           which
           
             God
          
           hath
           vouchfafed
           ;
           when
           none
           of
           these
           things
           ,
           nor
           all
           of
           them
           together
           do
           move
           a
           People
           to
           repent
           ,
           they
           shew
           an
           obstinate
           and
           incorrigible
           temper
           ,
           and
           therefore
           
             God
          
           may
           sooner
           proceed
           to
           punish
           them
           .
           God
           did
           not
           forbear
           to
           punish
           other
           Nations
           for
           their
           transgressions
           ,
           but
           he
           began
           with
           his
           own
           People
           .
           
             For
             lo
             I
             begin
             to
             bring
             evil
             on
             the
             City
             which
             is
             called
             by
          
           
           
             my
             name
             ,
             and
             should
             ye
             be
             utterly
             unpunished
             ?
          
           The
           
             destroying
             Angels
          
           in
           
             Ezekiel
             ,
             were
             to
             begin
             at
             the
             Sanctuary
             ;
          
           
           
             Judgement
             ,
          
           saith
           St.
           
             Peter
             ,
             must
             begin
             at
             the
             House
             of
             God.
          
           He
           draws
           the
           line
           of
           his
           Justice
           parallel
           to
           that
           of
           his
           Mercy
           ;
           and
           when
           every
           Mercy
           is
           put
           to
           the
           account
           ,
           and
           heightens
           the
           guilt
           ,
           the
           fumm
           will
           soon
           rise
           so
           high
           to
           call
           for
           execution
           .
           The
           Prophet
           
             Amos
          
           tells
           
             Damascus
             ,
          
           and
           
             Gaza
             ,
          
           and
           
             Tyre
             ,
          
           and
           
             Edom
             ,
          
           and
           
             Ammon
             ,
          
           and
           
             Moab
             ,
          
           that
           none
           of
           them
           shall
           escape
           being
           punished
           for
           their
           transgressions
           ;
           they
           need
           not
           doubt
           ,
           the
           Rod
           would
           come
           time
           enough
           upon
           them
           ;
           but
           yet
           God
           would
           begin
           with
           his
           own
           Children
           :
           
             You
             only
             have
             I
             known
             of
             all
             the
             Families
             of
             the
             earth
             ,
          
           
           
             therefore
             I
             will
             punish
             you
             for
             all
             your
             iniquities
             .
          
           Where
           God
           hath
           given
           wonderful
           marks
           of
           his
           kindness
           ,
           and
           many
           deliverances
           time
           after
           time
           ,
           and
           yet
           they
           continue
           to
           
             do
             wickedly
             ,
          
           there
           is
           the
           
           greater
           reason
           to
           expect
           sharper
           and
           severer
           punishments
           .
        
         
           2.
           
           When
           they
           are
           committed
           with
           more
           than
           ordinary
           contempt
           of
           God
           and
           Religion
           .
           All
           Ages
           are
           bad
           enough
           ;
           and
           every
           Age
           is
           apt
           to
           complain
           of
           it self
           ,
           as
           the
           worst
           of
           any
           ;
           because
           it
           knows
           more
           ill
           of
           it self
           ,
           than
           of
           the
           foregoing
           .
           But
           yet
           there
           is
           a
           difference
           in
           the
           manner
           of
           sinning
           ;
           sometimes
           the
           stream
           of
           wickedness
           hides
           its
           head
           ,
           and
           runs
           under
           ground
           ,
           and
           makes
           little
           noise
           ,
           although
           it
           holds
           on
           the
           same
           course
           ;
           at
           other
           times
           it
           seems
           to
           break
           forth
           like
           a
           mighty
           torrent
           as
           though
           it
           would
           bear
           down
           all
           before
           it
           ,
           as
           though
           the
           fountains
           of
           the
           great
           Deep
           were
           broken
           up
           ,
           and
           Hell
           were
           let
           loose
           ,
           and
           the
           Prisoners
           there
           had
           shaken
           off
           their
           chains
           and
           come
           up
           upon
           the
           earth
           ;
           When
           Atheism
           ,
           Prophaneness
           and
           all
           manner
           of
           Wickedness
           grow
           impudent
           and
           bare-faced
           ;
           when
           men
           do
           not
           only
           neglect
           Religion
           ,
           but
           reproach
           and
           contemn
           it
           .
           
             Shall
             I
             not
             visit
             for
             these
             things
             ,
             saith
             the
             Lord
             ,
             shall
             not
             my
             soul
             be
          
           
           
             avenged
             on
             such
             a
             Nation
             as
             this
             ?
          
           God
           did
           forbear
           his
           
             People
          
           of
           
             Judah
          
           beyond
           what
           they
           could
           have
           expected
           ,
           waiting
           for
           their
           amendment
           ;
           but
           when
           they
           added
           impudence
           to
           their
           obstinacy
           ,
           when
           they
           made
           
             sport
          
           with
           the
           
             Prophets
             ,
          
           and
           turned
           their
           threatnings
           into
           songs
           of
           mirth
           and
           drollery
           ,
           then
           the
           peremptory
           decree
           came
           forth
           ,
           and
           there
           was
           no
           hopes
           to
           escape
           .
           
             But
             they
             mocked
             the
             
             
             messengers
             of
             God
             and
             despised
             his
             Words
             ,
             and
             misused
             his
             Prophets
             ,
             untill
             the
             wrath
             of
             the
             Lord
             arose
             against
             his
             People
             ,
             till
             there
             was
             no
             remedy
             .
          
           There
           still
           seemed
           to
           be
           some
           hopes
           left
           till
           they
           came
           to
           this
           temper
           .
           But
           when
           they
           
             burlesqued
          
           the
           Prophet
           
             Jeremiahs
             words
             ,
          
           and
           turned
           the
           expressions
           he
           used
           into
           
             ridicule
             ,
          
           
           crying
           in
           contempt
           ,
           
             The
             burden
             of
             the
             Lord
             ,
          
           which
           is
           called
           
             perverting
             the
             words
             of
             the
             living
             God
             :
          
           when
           they
           turned
           
             Ezekiels
             words
          
           into
           
             pleasant
             songs
             ,
          
           
           and
           made
           sport
           with
           
             Gods
             Judgements
             ,
          
           no
           wonder
           he
           was
           so
           highly
           provoked
           .
           For
           there
           can
           be
           no
           worse
           symptom
           to
           a
           people
           ,
           than
           to
           laugh
           at
           the
           only
           means
           to
           cure
           them
           ;
           and
           if
           this
           once
           grow
           common
           ,
           it
           must
           needs
           make
           their
           condition
           desperate
           .
           For
           then
           it
           comes
           to
           Gods
           turn
           to
           mock
           and
           laugh
           too
           ;
           
             Because
             I
             have
             called
             and
             ye
             have
             refused
             ,
          
           
           
             I
             have
             stretched
             out
             my
             hand
             and
             no
             man
             regarded
             ;
             but
             ye
             have
             set
             at
             nought
             all
             my
             Counsel
             ,
             and
             would
             have
             none
             of
             my
             reproof
             ;
             I
             also
             will
             laugh
             at
             your
             calamity
             ,
          
           
           
             and
             mock
             when
             your
             fear
             cometh
             .
          
           Wo
           be
           unto
           that
           people
           whom
           the
           Almighty
           takes
           pleasure
           in
           punishing
           .
        
         
           3.
           
           When
           there
           is
           an
           universal
           degeneracy
           of
           all
           ranks
           and
           conditions
           of
           men
           .
           I
           do
           not
           mean
           such
           as
           is
           common
           to
           humane
           nature
           ,
           but
           from
           the
           particular
           vertues
           of
           their
           Ancestors
           ,
           or
           a
           common
           practice
           of
           those
           vices
           which
           do
           most
           frequently
           draw
           down
           the
           judgements
           of
           God
           ,
           and
           make
           him
           to
           have
           
             a
             controversie
             with
             a
             
             Land.
             By
             swearing
             ,
             and
             lying
             ,
             and
             killing
             ,
             and
             stealing
             ,
          
           
           
             and
             committing
             Adultery
             ,
             they
             braak
             out
             ,
             and
             blood
             toucheth
             blood
             ,
             therefore
             shall
             the
             Land
             mourn
             .
          
           It
           was
           a
           strange
           degree
           of
           corruption
           the
           
             People
          
           of
           
             Jerusalem
          
           were
           fallen
           to
           before
           God
           led
           them
           into
           Captivity
           ;
           when
           the
           
             Prophet
             Jeremiah
          
           used
           those
           expressions
           to
           them
           ,
           
             Run
             ye
             to
             and
             fro
             in
             the
             streets
             of
             Jerusalem
             ,
          
           
           
             and
             see
             now
             and
             know
             ,
             and
             seek
             in
             the
             broad
             places
             there
             of
             ,
             if
             ye
             can
             find
             a
             man
             ,
             if
             there
             be
             any
             that
             executeth
             judgement
             ,
             that
             seeketh
             the
             truth
             ,
             and
             I
             will
             pardon
             it
             .
          
           Could
           there
           ever
           be
           a
           fairer
           or
           kinder
           offer
           than
           this
           ?
           But
           as
           
             Isaiah
          
           expresseth
           it
           ,
           
             the
             whole
             head
             was
          
           
           
             sick
             ,
             and
             the
             heart
             faint
             ;
             from
             the
             sole
             of
             the
             foot
             even
             unto
             the
             head
             there
             is
             no
             soundness
             in
             it
             ,
             but
             wounds
             ,
             and
             bruises
             ,
             and
             putrifying
             sores
             .
          
           It
           seems
           a
           very
           strange
           passage
           in
           the
           
             Law
          
           of
           
             Leprosie
             ,
          
           that
           if
           the
           
             Leprosie
          
           
           
             covered
             all
             the
             flesh
             ,
             the
             person
             was
             to
             be
             pronounced
             clean
             ;
             but
             if
             any
             raw
             flesh
             appeared
             ,
             he
             was
             unclean
             :
          
           which
           it
           is
           very
           hard
           to
           understand
           ,
           unless
           it
           were
           that
           the
           power
           of
           infection
           was
           then
           gone
           .
           Such
           a
           state
           the
           
             People
          
           of
           
             Jerusalem
          
           seemed
           to
           have
           been
           in
           ,
           there
           was
           no
           room
           for
           infection
           left
           ,
           the
           plague
           of
           Leprosie
           had
           so
           over
           run
           them
           ,
           that
           there
           was
           no
           sound
           part
           left
           in
           the
           whole
           body
           .
        
         
           Thus
           I
           have
           considered
           the
           influence
           which
           
             doing
             wickedly
          
           hath
           upon
           the
           
             ruine
          
           of
           a
           
             Nation
             ,
          
           it
           remains
           now
           that
           I
           make
           Application
           of
           this
           to
           our
           own
           case
           .
        
         
         
           We
           have
           been
           a
           People
           that
           have
           received
           wonderful
           Mercies
           and
           many
           signal
           Deliverances
           from
           Gods
           hand
           .
           He
           hath
           placed
           us
           in
           a
           rich
           and
           fruitful
           Land
           ;
           and
           hath
           furnished
           us
           with
           so
           great
           plenty
           ,
           that
           even
           that
           hath
           been
           thought
           our
           burden
           ;
           hath
           blessed
           us
           with
           such
           an
           increase
           of
           Trade
           ,
           that
           our
           Merchants
           far
           exceed
           those
           of
           
             Tyre
          
           both
           in
           Riches
           and
           Number
           .
           Our
           Ships
           of
           Trade
           are
           like
           a
           Valley
           of
           Cedars
           when
           they
           lie
           at
           home
           ;
           and
           when
           they
           are
           abroad
           ,
           they
           compass
           the
           earth
           ,
           and
           make
           the
           riches
           of
           the
           
             East
          
           and
           
             West-Indies
          
           to
           meet
           in
           our
           Streets
           .
           And
           since
           like
           the
           
             Prince
          
           of
           
             Tyre
             ,
             our
             seat
             is
             in
             the
             midst
             of
             the
             Seas
             ,
          
           God
           hath
           thereby
           secured
           us
           from
           such
           sudden
           inroads
           and
           invasions
           of
           foreign
           Enemies
           as
           many
           of
           our
           Neighbour
           Countries
           do
           groan
           under
           at
           this
           day
           :
           where
           the
           miseries
           of
           War
           are
           felt
           before
           they
           are
           seen
           ;
           and
           those
           who
           thought
           themselves
           at
           ease
           and
           quiet
           ,
           may
           be
           surprised
           in
           their
           Beds
           ,
           and
           before
           they
           are
           aware
           of
           it
           may
           themselves
           ,
           and
           Families
           ,
           and
           Goods
           ,
           and
           Houses
           and
           Country
           be
           all
           burnt
           and
           consumed
           together
           .
           But
           God
           hath
           compassed
           us
           about
           with
           a
           deep
           Sea
           and
           a
           large
           Channel
           ,
           and
           given
           us
           such
           a
           powerful
           Navy
           as
           may
           be
           both
           a
           Defence
           at
           home
           and
           a
           Terror
           abroad
           .
        
         
           As
           to
           our
           Civil
           Constitution
           ,
           if
           we
           consider
           the
           admirable
           Temper
           of
           our
           Government
           ,
           the
           Justice
           and
           Wisdom
           of
           our
           Laws
           ,
           and
           the
           greatness
           of
           our
           Liberties
           ,
           we
           have
           no
           reason
           to
           envy
           the
           
           condition
           of
           any
           people
           upon
           earth
           .
           And
           after
           all
           our
           intestine
           broils
           and
           confusions
           which
           our
           sins
           had
           brought
           upon
           us
           ,
           God
           was
           pleased
           in
           a
           most
           surprising
           manner
           ,
           without
           War
           or
           bloodshed
           ,
           to
           our
           great
           satisfaction
           and
           the
           amazement
           of
           the
           world
           ,
           to
           restore
           our
           Soveraign
           to
           his
           Throne
           ,
           our
           Church
           and
           People
           to
           their
           just
           Rights
           and
           Liberties
           .
           And
           while
           our
           Neighbour
           Nations
           have
           lamentably
           suffered
           under
           all
           the
           dismal
           effects
           of
           a
           lasting
           War
           ,
           he
           hath
           enlarged
           our
           Trade
           ,
           continued
           our
           Peace
           ,
           and
           thereby
           increased
           our
           prosperity
           ,
           after
           we
           had
           smarted
           under
           a
           dreadful
           Fire
           and
           a
           raging
           Pestilence
           .
           Thus
           far
           all
           things
           tend
           still
           to
           make
           us
           a
           happy
           Nation
           ,
           if
           we
           did
           know
           and
           value
           our
           own
           happiness
           .
        
         
           But
           that
           which
           above
           all
           other
           things
           should
           make
           us
           so
           ,
           hath
           been
           the
           great
           Occasion
           of
           our
           Trouble
           ,
           and
           is
           still
           of
           our
           Fears
           ,
           and
           that
           is
           
             Religion
             .
          
           And
           yet
           in
           this
           respect
           we
           have
           advantages
           above
           any
           other
           
             Nation
          
           in
           the
           
             Christian
             World
             ,
          
           having
           a
           
             Church
          
           reformed
           with
           so
           much
           
             Wisdom
          
           and
           
             Moderation
          
           as
           to
           avoid
           the
           dangerous
           extreams
           on
           both
           sides
           .
           But
           even
           this
           hath
           enraged
           our
           
             Adversaries
          
           of
           the
           
             Roman
             Church
             ,
          
           and
           made
           them
           the
           more
           restless
           to
           destroy
           it
           ;
           and
           to
           stick
           at
           no
           means
           which
           they
           thought
           might
           tend
           to
           its
           ruine
           .
           
             O
             Blessed
             Jesus
             !
          
           that
           ever
           thy
           Holy
           Name
           should
           be
           assumed
           by
           
             Traytors
          
           and
           
             Murderers
             .
          
           or
           that
           the
           
           promoting
           thy
           true
           
             Religion
          
           should
           be
           made
           the
           
             colour
          
           for
           the
           most
           wicked
           practises
           !
        
         
           Not
           that
           the
           pure
           and
           peaceable
           
             Religion
          
           of
           
             Jesus
             Christ
          
           doth
           sowre
           and
           imbitter
           the
           Spirits
           of
           Men
           towards
           each
           other
           ,
           or
           dispose
           them
           to
           malice
           ,
           hatred
           ,
           revenge
           and
           cruelty
           (
           some
           of
           the
           worst
           passions
           of
           humane
           nature
           )
           or
           to
           the
           accomplishing
           their
           own
           ends
           by
           secret
           conspiracies
           and
           open
           violence
           ,
           by
           treachery
           and
           falshood
           ,
           by
           
             Murthers
          
           and
           
             Assasinations
             ,
          
           either
           on
           the
           
             Ministers
          
           of
           
             Justice
             ,
          
           or
           on
           the
           most
           merciful
           and
           best
           natured
           of
           
             Kings
             .
          
           But
           
             Be
             astonished
             O
             ye
             Heavens
             ,
          
           and
           
             tremble
             O
             Earth
             ,
          
           that
           hast
           brought
           forth
           such
           a
           
             Generation
             of
             Vipers
          
           who
           are
           continually
           making
           their
           way
           through
           the
           Bowels
           of
           their
           Mother
           ,
           and
           as
           we
           have
           reason
           to
           believe
           have
           designed
           to
           destroy
           the
           Father
           of
           their
           Country
           .
           If
           these
           be
           the
           kind
           embraces
           of
           one
           that
           pretends
           to
           be
           the
           
             Mother-Church
             ,
          
           if
           this
           be
           the
           paternal
           affection
           of
           the
           
             Holy
             Father
          
           at
           
             Rome
             ,
          
           if
           this
           indeed
           be
           
             zeal
          
           for
           the
           
             Catholick
             Cause
             ,
          
           if
           this
           be
           the
           way
           to
           reconcile
           us
           to
           their
           Communion
           ,
           have
           we
           not
           great
           reason
           to
           be
           fond
           of
           returning
           into
           the
           
             Bosom
          
           of
           such
           a
           
             Church
          
           which
           may
           strangle
           us
           as
           soon
           as
           it
           gets
           us
           within
           her
           
             Arms
             ?
          
           But
           there
           are
           some
           whose
           concernment
           it
           is
           ,
           to
           make
           men
           believe
           there
           was
           no
           such
           dangerous
           plot
           intended
           ;
           I
           meddle
           not
           with
           that
           evidence
           which
           lies
           before
           you
           ,
           but
           there
           is
           one
           notorious
           circumstance
           obvious
           to
           all
           persons
           ,
           
           and
           sufficient
           to
           convince
           any
           ,
           which
           is
           the
           horrid
           Murther
           actually
           committed
           on
           one
           of
           his
           
             Majesties
             Justices
             of
             Peace
             ,
          
           in
           cold
           blood
           ,
           with
           great
           contrivance
           and
           deliberation
           .
           Do
           men
           imbrue
           their
           hands
           in
           blood
           for
           nothing
           ?
           Why
           no
           other
           Person
           ,
           why
           at
           such
           a
           time
           ,
           why
           in
           such
           a
           manner
           ?
           There
           was
           a
           Reason
           for
           all
           this
           ;
           he
           had
           taken
           the
           examinations
           ;
           he
           knew
           too
           much
           to
           be
           suffered
           to
           live
           ,
           and
           they
           hoped
           by
           his
           death
           to
           stifle
           his
           evidence
           ,
           and
           to
           affrighten
           others
           from
           searching
           too
           far
           ;
           and
           they
           managed
           that
           matter
           so
           ,
           as
           though
           they
           had
           a
           mind
           to
           convince
           the
           World
           ,
           they
           had
           no
           other
           end
           in
           taking
           away
           his
           life
           ,
           but
           to
           prevent
           a
           further
           Discovery
           .
           And
           they
           whom
           his
           
             Death
          
           doth
           not
           convince
           ,
           neither
           would
           they
           be
           convinced
           ,
           
             though
             he
             should
             rise
             again
             from
             the
             Dead
             .
          
        
         
           God
           forbid
           that
           we
           should
           charge
           such
           barbarous
           cruelties
           ,
           such
           wicked
           conspiracies
           ,
           such
           horrid
           designs
           on
           all
           who
           live
           in
           the
           
             Communion
          
           of
           that
           
             Church
             ;
          
           but
           we
           must
           distinguish
           between
           the
           
             seduced
             party
          
           who
           are
           not
           thought
           fit
           to
           be
           trusted
           with
           such
           things
           ,
           for
           fear
           their
           Consciences
           check
           at
           them
           ,
           and
           their
           good
           nature
           disclose
           them
           ;
           and
           the
           busie
           
             Active
             Faction
             ,
          
           who
           are
           always
           restless
           and
           designing
           ,
           and
           act
           by
           such
           
             Maxims
          
           of
           
             Morality
          
           as
           the
           more
           sober
           and
           modest
           
             Heathens
          
           would
           abhor
           .
           What
           hath
           this
           
             Party
          
           of
           men
           been
           doing
           among
           us
           this
           last
           hundred
           of
           years
           and
           more
           ,
           but
           plotting
           
           conspiracies
           ,
           inflaming
           our
           differences
           ,
           betraying
           our
           liberties
           ,
           heightning
           our
           discontents
           ,
           and
           in
           short
           ,
           undermining
           the
           Foundatior
           s
           both
           of
           our
           
             Government
          
           and
           
             Religion
             ?
          
           And
           shall
           such
           men
           alwayes
           triumph
           that
           they
           are
           too
           hard
           for
           our
           Laws
           ?
           and
           that
           like
           the
           
             Canaanites
          
           and
           
             Jebusites
          
           to
           the
           
             Children
          
           of
           
             Israel
             ,
             they
             will
             still
             be
             as
             scourges
             in
             ●●r
             sides
             ,
             and
             thorns
             in
             our
             eyes
             ?
          
           If
           these
           things
           must
           be
           ,
           I
           hope
           
           God
           designs
           it
           not
           to
           destroy
           us
           at
           last
           by
           them
           ,
           but
           I
           am
           sure
           it
           doth
           
             prove
             and
             try
             us
             ,
             whether
             we
             will
             hearken
             to
             the
             Commandments
             of
             the
             Lord
             ,
          
           or
           to
           the
           vain
           Traditions
           of
           Men.
           
        
         
           God
           knows
           ,
           I
           speak
           not
           these
           things
           out
           of
           any
           malice
           or
           ill
           will
           to
           the
           Persons
           of
           any
           ,
           for
           ,
           that
           I
           may
           use
           St.
           
           Paul's
           words
           ,
           
             My
             hearts
             desire
             and
             prayer
             to
             God
             for
             them
             all
             is
             ,
             that
             they
             might
             be
             saved
             .
          
           And
           although
           I
           cannot
           
             bear
             them
             witness
             ,
          
           yet
           my
           hopes
           are
           some
           even
           of
           these
           may
           think
           they
           have
           
             a
             zeal
             for
             God
             in
             all
             this
             ;
          
           but
           we
           are
           sure
           
             it
             is
             not
             according
             to
             knowledge
             .
          
           Such
           a
           blind
           zeal
           as
           the
           
             Jews
          
           had
           ,
           who
           
             when
             they
             killed
             the
             Apostles
             ,
             thought
             they
             did
             God
             good
             service
             .
          
           But
           it
           is
           so
           furious
           ,
           so
           inhumane
           ,
           so
           unchristian
           a
           zeal
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           charity
           to
           them
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           necessary
           care
           of
           our
           own
           safety
           ,
           to
           keep
           them
           from
           a
           capacity
           of
           doing
           themselves
           and
           others
           mischief
           .
        
         
           But
           before
           I
           conclude
           ,
           the
           
             Text
          
           suggests
           to
           us
           three
           things
           ,
           very
           pertinent
           to
           the
           
             duty
          
           of
           this
           
             Day
             ;
          
           which
           I
           shall
           briefly
           recommend
           to
           your
           consideration
           .
        
         
         
           1.
           
           Matter
           of
           
             humiliation
          
           for
           our
           
             sins
             ,
          
           as
           they
           have
           an
           
             influence
          
           upon
           the
           
             Nations
             suffering
             .
          
        
         
           2.
           
           Matter
           of
           
             Advice
             ,
             Only
             fear
             the
             Lord
             ,
             and
             serve
             him
             in
             truth
             ,
             and
             with
             all
             your
             heart
             .
          
        
         
           3.
           
           Matter
           of
           
             encouragement
             ,
             For
             ,
             consider
             ,
             what
             great
             things
             he
             hath
             done
             for
             you
             .
          
        
         
           1.
           
           Matter
           of
           
             Humiliation
          
           for
           our
           
             sins
             .
          
           Which
           have
           been
           many
           and
           great
           ,
           and
           aggravated
           by
           all
           the
           
             Mercies
          
           and
           
             Deliverances
          
           which
           
             God
          
           hath
           vouchsafed
           to
           us
           ;
           and
           therefore
           he
           may
           be
           justly
           provoked
           to
           punish
           us
           proportionably
           to
           the
           measures
           of
           our
           ingratitude
           and
           disobedience
           .
           Let
           us
           lay
           our
           hands
           upon
           our
           hearts
           this
           day
           ,
           and
           seriously
           consider
           
             what
             requital
             we
             have
             made
             to
             the
             Lord
             for
             all
             the
             benefits
             he
             hath
             bestowed
             upon
             us
             ?
          
           For
           the
           Light
           of
           his
           Truth
           ,
           the
           Purity
           of
           his
           Worship
           ,
           the
           Power
           of
           his
           Grace
           ,
           the
           frequency
           of
           his
           Sacraments
           ,
           the
           influences
           of
           his
           Spirit
           ,
           and
           the
           continuance
           hitherto
           of
           our
           established
           Religion
           ,
           in
           spite
           of
           all
           opposition
           whatsoever
           .
           But
           have
           we
           not
           been
           guilty
           of
           too
           much
           slighting
           that
           Truth
           ,
           neglecting
           that
           Worship
           ,
           resisting
           that
           Grace
           ,
           contemning
           those
           Sacraments
           ,
           quenching
           that
           Spirit
           ;
           and
           of
           too
           great
           coldness
           and
           indifferency
           about
           matters
           of
           Religion
           ?
           I
           do
           not
           fear
           that
           ever
           the
           
             Church
          
           of
           
             Rome
          
           should
           prevail
           among
           us
           by
           strength
           of
           Reason
           ,
           or
           force
           of
           Argument
           ,
           with
           all
           its
           specious
           colours
           and
           pretences
           ,
           unless
           it
           be
           among
           those
           who
           understand
           neither
           one
           ,
           
           nor
           the
           other
           Religion
           ;
           but
           if
           men
           be
           loose
           in
           their
           principles
           ,
           and
           unconcerned
           about
           
             Religion
          
           in
           general
           ,
           there
           will
           not
           be
           courage
           and
           constancy
           enough
           to
           keep
           it
           out
           .
           I
           do
           much
           more
           fear
           
             Popery
          
           coming
           in
           at
           the
           back-door
           of
           
             Atheism
          
           and
           
             Prophaneness
             ;
          
           than
           under
           all
           its
           false
           and
           deceitful
           pretences
           of
           
             Universality
          
           and
           
             Infallibility
             .
          
           And
           this
           those
           have
           been
           aware
           of
           ,
           who
           have
           been
           so
           industriously
           sowing
           among
           us
           the
           seeds
           of
           
             Irreligion
             ;
          
           knowing
           ,
           that
           if
           men
           be
           unconcerned
           as
           to
           all
           Religion
           ,
           they
           will
           never
           have
           the
           courage
           to
           oppose
           any
           ;
           but
           will
           be
           sure
           to
           close
           with
           the
           prevailing
           side
           .
           Next
           to
           this
           ,
           I
           know
           no
           greater
           advantage
           that
           they
           take
           against
           us
           ,
           than
           from
           the
           unnatural
           heats
           and
           unchristian
           divisions
           which
           have
           been
           among
           us
           .
           If
           men
           were
           
             wise
          
           they
           would
           consider
           ,
           
             at
             least
             in
             this
             our
             day
             ,
             the
             things
             which
             do
             belong
             to
             our
             Peace
             .
          
           How
           can
           men
           answer
           it
           at
           the
           great
           day
           ,
           if
           in
           such
           a
           critical
           time
           as
           this
           is
           ,
           they
           stand
           upon
           little
           niceties
           and
           punctilios
           of
           Honour
           rather
           than
           Conscience
           ,
           or
           upon
           keep
           up
           the
           interests
           of
           their
           several
           Parties
           ,
           and
           do
           not
           those
           things
           which
           themselves
           think
           they
           lawfully
           may
           do
           towards
           an
           
             Union
          
           with
           us
           ?
           I
           pray
           God
           ,
           the
           continuance
           of
           these
           breaches
           may
           not
           look
           like
           an
           argument
           of
           Divine
           Infatuation
           upon
           us
           .
           But
           what
           can
           we
           say
           to
           that
           looseness
           and
           debauchery
           of
           manners
           ,
           to
           that
           riot
           and
           luxury
           ,
           to
           that
           wantonness
           and
           prophaneness
           ,
           to
           that
           
           fashion
           of
           customary
           swearing
           ,
           and
           
             Atheistick
             Drollery
             ,
          
           which
           have
           been
           so
           much
           and
           so
           justly
           complained
           of
           among
           us
           ?
           I
           hope
           there
           are
           many
           thousands
           at
           this
           day
           ,
           in
           
             England
             ,
             whose
             souls
             abhor
             the
             abominations
             that
             are
             committed
             ,
             and
             who
             mourn
             in
             secret
             for
             them
             ,
          
           and
           therefore
           our
           case
           may
           not
           be
           so
           desperate
           as
           that
           of
           
             Jerusalem
          
           was
           .
           May
           we
           all
           this
           day
           so
           heartily
           repent
           of
           all
           these
           follies
           and
           impieties
           ,
           that
           the
           Cause
           of
           our
           Fears
           which
           our
           sins
           give
           us
           being
           removed
           ,
           we
           may
           hearken
        
         
           (
           2.
           )
           To
           the
           matter
           of
           
             Advice
          
           here
           given
           ,
           
             Only
             to
             fear
             the
             Lord
             and
             to
             serve
             him
             in
             Truth
             ,
             and
             with
             all
             our
             heart
             .
          
        
         
           As
           though
           
             Samuel
          
           had
           said
           ,
           Your
           hearts
           stand
           trembling
           still
           at
           the
           fear
           of
           Gods
           judgements
           ,
           when
           he
           doth
           but
           
             lift
             up
             his
             voyce
             in
             the
             Thunder
             ,
          
           and
           shew
           his
           Power
           in
           the
           Rain
           ;
           I
           will
           tell
           you
           ,
           how
           your
           hearts
           may
           
             be
             at
             ease
             and
             quiet
             from
             the
             fear
             of
             evil
             :
          
           Be
           faithful
           to
           God
           ,
           maintain
           and
           practise
           the
           true
           Religion
           ,
           sincerely
           ,
           diligently
           ,
           constantly
           ,
           universally
           ,
           and
           never
           doubt
           his
           protection
           of
           you
           ,
           let
           your
           enemies
           be
           never
           so
           many
           ,
           or
           your
           dangers
           never
           so
           great
           .
           Nothing
           exposes
           men
           more
           to
           the
           Wrath
           and
           Vengeance
           of
           God
           ,
           nor
           provokes
           him
           more
           to
           leave
           a
           People
           to
           their
           own
           counsels
           ,
           than
           false-heartedness
           in
           Religion
           and
           Hypocrisie
           do
           .
           For
           the
           Hypocrite
           thinks
           to
           put
           a
           trick
           upon
           God
           Almighty
           ;
           and
           while
           he
           seems
           to
           carry
           it
           fair
           towards
           him
           ,
           he
           is
           dealing
           underhand
           
           for
           his
           own
           security
           another
           way
           :
           And
           God
           is
           then
           concerned
           in
           honour
           to
           let
           the
           world
           see
           
             he
             will
             not
             be
             mocked
             ;
          
           for
           he
           knows
           how
           
             to
             take
             the
             crafty
             in
             their
             own
             devices
             ;
          
           and
           very
           often
           brings
           to
           nought
           the
           most
           politick
           fetches
           of
           self-designing
           men
           .
           For
           when
           men
           seek
           themselves
           and
           not
           the
           honour
           of
           God
           or
           Religion
           ,
           but
           are
           ready
           to
           betray
           what
           ought
           to
           be
           dearer
           than
           their
           lives
           ,
           for
           some
           mean
           and
           private
           interests
           of
           their
           own
           ,
           they
           are
           oft-times
           so
           far
           from
           compassing
           their
           ends
           ,
           that
           they
           become
           the
           Scorn
           and
           Reproach
           of
           men
           .
           But
           if
           men
           preserve
           their
           integrity
           ,
           and
           
             hold
             fast
             to
             the
             thing
             that
             is
             right
             ,
          
           they
           preserve
           their
           honour
           ,
           even
           among
           their
           enemies
           ,
           and
           either
           escape
           troubles
           ,
           or
           have
           the
           comfort
           of
           a
           good
           Conscience
           under
           them
           ,
           and
           however
           things
           happen
           to
           them
           for
           a
           while
           ,
           
             they
             are
             sure
             to
             have
             peace
             at
             the
             last
          
        
         
           3.
           
           Lastly
           ,
           Here
           is
           matter
           of
           
             incouragement
             .
             For
             consider
             what
             great
             things
             he
             hath
             done
             for
             you
             .
             When
             Jacob
             was
             sent
             into
             Egypt
             ,
             and
             your
             Fathers
             cryed
             unto
             the
             Lord
             ,
             then
             the
             Lord
             sent
             Moses
             and
             Aaron
             which
          
           
           
             brought
             our
             Fathers
             out
             of
             Egypt
             ,
             and
             made
             them
             dwell
             in
             this
             place
             .
          
           When
           their
           sins
           had
           brought
           them
           into
           great
           distresses
           afterwards
           ,
           
             and
             they
             cryed
             unto
             the
             Lord
             and
             confessed
             their
             sins
             ,
          
           then
           
             the
             Lord
             raised
             up
          
           
           
             Jerubbaal
             and
             Bedan
             ,
             and
             Jephthah
             ,
             and
             Samuel
             ,
             and
          
           
           
             delivered
             you
             out
             of
             the
             hand
             of
             your
             enemies
             ●n
             every
             
             
             side
             ,
             and
             you
             dwelled
             safe
             .
          
           Now
           consider
           ,
           the
           same
           God
           who
           did
           those
           things
           ,
           can
           do
           as
           great
           for
           you
           still
           ;
           for
           his
           Power
           ,
           and
           Wisdom
           ,
           and
           Goodness
           are
           the
           same
           ,
           and
           therefore
           you
           have
           the
           greatest
           reason
           to
           put
           your
           trust
           in
           him
           at
           all
           times
           ,
           since
           
             he
             never
             for
             sakes
             them
             that
             seek
             him
             .
          
           
        
         
           
             Blessed
          
           be
           
             God
          
           that
           we
           have
           this
           day
           a
           farther
           argument
           for
           us
           
             to
             fear
             and
             serve
             him
             in
             truth
             ,
             and
             with
             all
             our
             heart
             ,
             by
             considering
             what
             great
             things
             he
             hath
             done
             for
             us
             .
          
           Many
           deliverances
           hath
           he
           wrought
           for
           us
           time
           after
           time
           ,
           for
           which
           we
           ought
           still
           to
           be
           thankful
           ,
           since
           we
           yet
           enjoy
           the
           benefit
           of
           them
           .
           But
           the
           memory
           of
           former
           deliverances
           was
           almost
           worn
           out
           with
           many
           ,
           and
           some
           began
           to
           question
           whether
           such
           holy
           and
           innocent
           men
           as
           the
           
             Fathers
          
           of
           the
           
             Society
          
           could
           be
           guilty
           of
           such
           horrid
           conspiracies
           ;
           some
           were
           so
           perswaded
           of
           their
           
             Loyalty
             ,
          
           that
           the
           Vipers
           seemed
           to
           have
           changed
           their
           natures
           and
           to
           have
           lost
           their
           teeth
           ,
           and
           to
           be
           a
           very
           soft
           and
           innocent
           kind
           of
           Creatures
           .
           In
           somuch
           ,
           that
           they
           were
           hardly
           brought
           to
           believe
           there
           could
           be
           a
           plot
           among
           them
           ,
           especially
           of
           so
           horrid
           a
           nature
           as
           this
           appears
           more
           and
           more
           to
           have
           been
           ,
           when
           such
           a
           viperous
           brood
           were
           suffered
           not
           only
           to
           lye
           quiet
           in
           the
           Shade
           ,
           but
           to
           sport
           themselves
           in
           the
           Sun
           ,
           and
           to
           enjoy
           the
           freedom
           of
           their
           own
           retreats
           .
           But
           God
           doth
           bring
           to
           light
           the
           hidden
           things
           of
           darkness
           by
           such
           wayes
           as
           
           shew
           his
           Providence
           ,
           more
           than
           our
           prudence
           and
           foresight
           ,
           that
           while
           we
           have
           the
           comfort
           ,
           he
           alone
           may
           have
           the
           glory
           of
           our
           deliverance
           .
           But
           yet
           methinks
           we
           stand
           as
           it
           were
           upon
           the
           brink
           of
           a
           mighty
           Precipice
           ,
           which
           is
           so
           full
           of
           horror
           ,
           that
           we
           tremble
           to
           look
           down
           from
           it
           ;
           we
           are
           at
           present
           held
           up
           by
           a
           strong
           hand
           ,
           but
           as
           by
           one
           single
           thread
           ,
           and
           can
           we
           then
           think
           our selves
           secure
           from
           so
           great
           a
           danger
           ?
        
         
           
             Blessed
          
           be
           
             God
          
           for
           that
           Unanimity
           ,
           that
           Zeal
           ,
           that
           Courage
           ,
           that
           Constancy
           You
           have
           hitherto
           shewed
           in
           the
           maintenance
           of
           our
           
             Church
          
           and
           
             Religion
             ;
          
           but
           there
           is
           so
           much
           yet
           to
           be
           done
           for
           a
           Firm
           
             Establishment
          
           of
           it
           to
           all
           
             Generations
          
           (
           which
           now
           by
           his
           
             Majesties
             Gracious
          
           Favour
           is
           put
           into
           Your
           hands
           )
           as
           calls
           for
           all
           our
           Prayers
           ,
           and
           your
           particular
           Care
           ,
           lest
           if
           this
           opportunity
           be
           let
           slip
           ,
           You
           never
           have
           such
           another
           .
        
         
           This
           seems
           to
           be
           an
           
             Honour
          
           reserved
           for
           this
           
             Parliament
             ,
          
           as
           the
           
             Crown
          
           and
           
             Glory
          
           of
           all
           your
           endeavours
           for
           the
           
             Publick
             Good.
          
           Go
           on
           then
           ,
           to
           raise
           up
           this
           
             Monument
          
           to
           your
           
             Eternal
             Fame
             .
          
           This
           will
           not
           only
           make
           you
           beloved
           and
           esteemed
           by
           the
           present
           Age
           ,
           but
           this
           will
           endear
           your
           
             Memories
          
           to
           
             Posterity
             ,
          
           and
           make
           
             Ages
             to
             come
             rise
             up
          
           and
           call
           this
           a
           
             Happy
             Session
             .
          
        
         
           But
           lest
           our
           sins
           should
           yet
           hinder
           us
           from
           so
           great
           a
           
             Blessing
             ,
          
           We
           have
           great
           reason
           to
           humble
           
           our selves
           before
           God
           this
           day
           ,
           to
           bewail
           those
           sins
           which
           may
           yet
           provoke
           him
           to
           punish
           us
           ,
           and
           by
           Fasting
           and
           Prayer
           to
           implore
           his
           Mercy
           ;
           that
           he
           would
           go
           on
           to
           preserve
           his
           Majesties
           Person
           from
           all
           violent
           attempts
           ,
           our
           Church
           and
           Religion
           from
           all
           the
           designs
           of
           its
           enemies
           ,
           and
           deliver
           us
           all
           from
           
             Unreasonable
             and
             Wicked
             Men.
             
          
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
         
      
    
     
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A61609-e330
           
             Psal
             ●●
             17
             ,
             22.
             
          
           
             Prov.
             19.
             21.
             
          
           
             Gen.
             25.
             25.
             
          
           
             2
             Cor.
             1.
             10.
             
          
           
             1
             Sam.
             4.
             11.
             v.
             18.
             
          
           
             7.
             3.
             
          
           
             v.
             4.
             
          
           
             v.
             5.
             
          
           
             v.
             6.
             
          
           
             
               Mas.
            
             in
             
               Jof
               .
            
             18.
             21.
             
          
           
             
               Drus.
            
             in
             
               Jud.
            
             20.
             1.
             
          
           
             1
             Sam.
             7.
             7.
             
          
           
             v.
             8.
             
          
           
             v.
             9.
             
          
           
             v.
             11.
             
          
           
             v.
             12.
             
          
           
             v.
             13.
             
          
           
             v.
             16.
             
          
           
             1
             Sam.
             8.
             2.
             
          
           
             v.
             3.
             
          
           
             v.
             4.
             
          
           
             v.
             5.
             
          
           
             From
             
               v.
            
             10.
             to
             
               v.
            
             19.
             
             
               Jose
               .
               An.
               l.
            
             6.
             
               c.
            
             4.
             v.
             19
             ,
             2c
             .
          
           
             ch
             .
             12.
             13.
             
          
           
             8.
             7.
             
          
           
             Deut.
             17.
             14.
             
          
           
             12.
             19.
             
          
           
             8.
             7.
             
          
           
             10.
             17.
             
          
           
             11.
             15.
             
          
           
             12.
             3.
             
          
           
             4.
             
          
           
             From
             v.
             6
             ,
             to
             14.
             
          
           
             v.
             18
             ,
             19.
             v.
             20
             ,
             21.
             
          
           
             v.
             23.
             
          
           
             Lev.
             26.
             from
             v.
             3
             ,
             to
             14.
             
          
           
             v.
             15.
             
          
           
             v.
             16.
             
          
           
             v.
             17.
             
          
           
             v.
             18.
             
          
           
             Deut.
             28.
             20.
             
          
           
             Isa.
             1.
             39.
             20.
             
          
           
             Jer.
             4.
             18.
             
          
           
             Ezek.
             18.
             30.
             
          
           
             Deut.
             21.
             1.
             
          
           
             v.
             7.
             
          
           
             v.
             8.
             
          
           
             v.
             9.
             
          
           
             Numb
             .
             35.
             33.
             
          
           
             Gen.
             15.
             16.
             
          
           
             Matth.
             23.
             32.
             
          
           
             Psalm
             75.
             7.
             
          
           
             v.
             8.
             
          
           
             Is.
             51.
             17.
             
          
           
             Is.
             19.
             1
             ,
             3.
             
          
           
             16.
             
          
           
             v.
             2.
             
          
           
             11.
             
          
           
             13.
             
          
           
             14.
             
          
           
             Je.
             27.
             3.
             
          
           
             Ju.
             16.
             9.
             
          
           
             Jer.
             25.
             from
             18.
             to
             26.
             
             Eze.
             24.
             2
             ,
             &c.
             30.
             5.
             
             Nah.
             3.
             8
             ,
             9.
             
             Zeph.
             2.
             13.
             
          
           
             Is.
             45.
             2
             ,
             3.
             
          
           
             
               Salvian
               .
               de
               Cub
               .
               Dei
               ,
               l.
            
             7.
             
          
           
             
               Disput.
               in
               Liv.
               l.
            
             2.
             
               c.
            
             29.
             
          
           
             
               H.
               Jordanus
               de
               eo
               quod
               in
               morbis
               est
               divinum
               .
               Conring
               .
               Epist.
            
             29.
             
          
           
             Jer.
             18.
             7
             ,
             8.
             
          
           
             Jonah
             3.
             3.
             
          
           
             v.
             5.
             
          
           
             v.
             8.
             v.
             10.
             
          
           
             v.
             9.
             
          
           
             2
             Sam.
             24.
             10.
             
          
           
             v.
             17.
             
          
           
             1
             King.
             16.
             30.
             
          
           
             33.
             
          
           
             21.
             25.
             
          
           
             20.
             
          
           
             v.
             29.
             
          
           
             2
             King.
             22.
             16.
             
          
           
             19.
             
          
           
             20.
             
          
           
             2
             King.
             17.
             2.
             
          
           
             Is.
             33.
             14.
             
          
           
             1
             King.
             18.
             21.
             
          
           
             v.
             15.
             
          
           
             v.
             16.
             
          
           
             
               Arist.
               Pol.
               l.
            
             4.
             
               c.
            
             11.
             
          
           
             
               Polit.
               l.
            
             3.
             
               c.
            
             14.
             
          
           
             Psa.
             144.
             15.
             
          
           
             Jer.
             25.
             26.
             
          
           
             v.
             9.
             11.
             
          
           
             
               Marsh.
               Chr.
               Can.
               p.
            
             556.
             
             Jer.
             25.
             15.
             v.
             26.
             
          
           
             2
             Chro.
             16.
             9.
             
          
           
             v.
             10.
             
          
           
             Jer.
             25.
             29
             
          
           
             Eze
             9.
             6
             1
             
             Pet.
             4
             17
             
          
           
             Amos
             
          
           
             ●●
             .
             5.
             9
             ,
             29.
             
          
           
             hro
             .
             16.
             
          
           
             Jer.
             23.
             34
             ,
             36.
             
          
           
             Ezek.
             33.
             31.
             
             
               In
               canticum
               oris
               sui
               vertunt
               illos
               .
            
             Vul.
             Lat.
             
          
           
             Pro.
             1.
             24.
             
          
           
             25.
             26.
             
          
           
             Hos.
             4.
             2
             ,
             3.
             
          
           
             Jer.
             5.
             1.
             
          
           
             Is.
             1.
             5
             ,
             6.
             
          
           
             Lev.
             13.
             12
             ,
             13
             ,
             14.
             
          
           
             Jos.
             23.
             13.
             
          
           
             v.
             8.
             
          
           
             9.
             
          
           
             10.
             
          
           
             11.
             
          
           
             Ps.
             9.
             10.