A sermon preached before His Grace George Earl of Melvil Their Majesties high commissioner, and the nobility, barons, and burrows, members of the high court of Parliament. In the Parliament-House, upon Sunday, May 11, 1690. By John Spalding, minister at Kirkcudbright. Spalding, John, 1633?-1699. 1690 Approx. 54 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 13 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2004-03 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A60992 Wing S4796 ESTC R221641 99832929 99832929 37404 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A60992) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 37404) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1641-1700 ; 2153:23) A sermon preached before His Grace George Earl of Melvil Their Majesties high commissioner, and the nobility, barons, and burrows, members of the high court of Parliament. In the Parliament-House, upon Sunday, May 11, 1690. By John Spalding, minister at Kirkcudbright. Spalding, John, 1633?-1699. [2], 22 p. printed by the heir of Andrew Anderson, by order, Edinburgh : anno Dom. 1690. Reproduction of the original in the Bodleian Library. Created by converting TCP files to TEI P5 using tcp2tei.xsl, TEI @ Oxford. Re-processed by University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Northwestern, with changes to facilitate morpho-syntactic tagging. Gap elements of known extent have been transformed into placeholder characters or elements to simplify the filling in of gaps by user contributors. 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Copies of the texts have been issued variously as SGML (TCP schema; ASCII text with mnemonic sdata character entities); displayable XML (TCP schema; characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or text strings within braces); or lossless XML (TEI P5, characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or TEI g elements). Keying and markup guidelines are available at the Text Creation Partnership web site . eng Melville, George Melville, -- Earl of, 1634?-1707 -- Early works to 1800. Bible. -- O.T. -- Chronicles, 1st, XII, 32 -- Sermons -- Early works to 1800. Sermons, English -- 17th century. 2003-08 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2003-09 Apex CoVantage Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2003-10 Judith Siefring Sampled and proofread 2003-10 Judith Siefring Text and markup reviewed and edited 2003-12 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion A SERMON Preached before His Grace , GEORGE EARL of MELVIL , Their Majesties High Commissioner , AND The Nobility , Barons , and Burrows , Members of the High Court of Parliament . In the Parliament-House , upon Sunday , May 11. 1690. By Iohn Spalding , Minister at Kirkcudbright . EDINBURGH , Printed by the Heir of Andrew Anderson , by Order , Anno DOM. 1690. 1 CHRON. 12. 32. And the Children of Issachar , which were men that had understanding of the times , to know what Israel ought to do — THis Text bears an excellent Character of a Party , who came with others in a very Critical Juncture to Hebron , to assist in making David King , Saul now being out of the way , and the time of fulfilling the promise to David being now at hand ; wherein you have ( 1. ) a description of the Party thus Characterized , 1. From their Tribe , they were Children of Issachar , a Tribe whose Motto was , a strong Ass couching down between two burdens , as Gen. 49. 14. discovering their Disposition , Strength , and Employment about worldly concerns . The Lord will bring off people from their vvorldly affairs , vvhen he hath service for them . 2. From their Number , they were 200 that came to assist in the work . Tho people be at some disadvantages , yet ought they not to vvithdravv their hand from the Lord's vvork . And 3. From their Station , all of them had command over their Brethren , either in a Civil or Military capacity . Strong obligations lyes upon those in places of Trust and Command , to put their hand to the Lord's work . ( 2. ) You have the Character it self , which beyond many others they did bear ; they had understanding of the times : Where we are 1. to consider what is meant by times ? By times here is not meant properly that which Philosophers call the measure of Motion by first and last ; But Figuratively , the state and condition of times , or these Providences , Affairs , Changes and Vicissitudes that fall out in time , Esth. 1. 13. And 2. What this understanding of the times is ? It were too narrow a sense to astrict it either to that Physical and Astrological knowledge , which they had of the Stars and motions of the Heavens , teaching them the fit Seasons , ( they being for most part Husband-men ) of Sowing and Reaping , &c. Or to that Historical and Chronological understanding which they had of the times that were past , or of right computing and ordering the times of celebrating their solemn Feasts ; or to that Military knowledge which they were endowed with of the fit seasons of going forth to , and right management of their Wars and Battels : But it hath reference 1. To that Moral Prudence ▪ and Policy , whereby they knew the nature , tendency , and duties , with their fittest seasons of the present posture of affairs . And 2. To that spiritual wisdom and understanding , whereby they were directed to the discovery and right improvement of the intricat providences of their time , which seemed to be greatly perplexed with singular intricacies and rotations , and particularly of the present dispensation of making David King. And 3. In the Text you have the effect and result of this gift of their understanding of the times . It was contributive to the discovery and practice of their own and all Israels present duty , to know what Israel ought to do , whether as a Body Politick , or Ecclesiastick . The words that I have chosen for the Subject of this Sermon are these , which were men that had understanding of the times , to know what Israel ought to do : Wherein you have 1. a supposition of two truths , the handling of which is not my present intendment . 1. That there are some special times and providences , which may pass over a Church or Kingdom , Eccl. 3. 17. 2. That these signal times and providences are oft-times very intricat & difficult to understand , Ez●● ▪ 1. 16. 2. A position of other two Doctrines . As 1. That it is a necessary duty , and commendable qualification , to understand the times that a Church or Kingdom may pass under . 2. That the right discerning of these times contribute much to discover unto , and direct people in the right timing and management of their present duty . The prosecution of these two truths is my present work . Doct 1. That it is a necessary duty , and commendable qualification , to understand the singular times or providences that may pass over a Church or Kingdom , Eccl. 8. 5. A wise mans heart discerneth both time and judgment . Method requires , that in the prosecution of this truth I should first give you the grounds of it . 2. What are these things which in times we are to study mainly to understand . And 3. What way we may best come to the understanding of times . I. The grounds of this Doctrine are 1. God hath expresly commanded , that ye make serious reflections upon his singular providences , whether of mercy or of judgment , Psal. 66. 5. Come and see the works of God , he is terrible in his doings to the children of men . And when the seven Seals are opened , Rev. 6. 1. A thundering voice is heard , crying , come and see ; and how many Beholds are prefixed in the Scripture to his signal steps and goings amongst a people ? Exod. 3. 2. Behold , the bush burned with fire , and the bush was not consumed . And Iob is in a special way called to this duty , Iob 37. 14. Hearken unto this , O Job , stand still and consider the wondrous works of God. 2. The Lord is sore displeased with , and uttereth severe threatnings against a people that are not in this duty , Psal. 28. 5. Because they regard not the works of the Lord , not the operations of his hands , he shall destroy them , and not build them up . It is an high contempt of God when he travelleth amongst a people in signal and singular steps of providence , not to observe or take notice of his goings , and lays them open to that sad challenge , whereby the Lord ranks them below Bruits , Isai. 1. 3. The ox knoweth his owner , and the ass his masters crib , but my people do not know , and Israel doth not consider ▪ 3. Without this knowledge of the times , the Lord loses his due praises at our hands , for how can we praise him when we cannot discern his loving kindness , why will ye be so foolish and unjust as to rob God of the Glory due to him of all his Works , by not studying to understand them . Psal. 107. contains a record of his wondrous Works , and at the close of every Section , there is an Exclamation , O that men would praise the Lord , &c. And the last verse concludes , Whoso is wise , and will observe these things , even they shall understand the loving kindness of the Lord. 4. As the Lord by neglect of this Duty , loses his Praises , so we lose the benefit of Times and Providences , if we do not understand them ; for by his Works , as well as by his Word , he causes his people to profit . And without this discerning of the Times , we want a great part of the Food of our Faith , the exercise of Patience , and occasion of serious Comtemplation and wonderment . Psal. 74. 14. Thou brakest the heads of Leviathan in pieces , and gavest him to be meat to the people inhabiting the wilderness . 5. Without this knowledge of the Times and Providences , ye cannot well know how to order your Addresses to God in Prayer and Supplication anent them , and your own circumstances under them . Psal. 109. 4. For the right understanding of times will afford you many Articles for your Prayers , prompt you to plead them , and fit you for discerning the Lord's returns . For when the flouds of great Waters are like to go over David , he says , Psal. 32. 6. For this shall every one that is godly call upon thee in a time when thou mayest be found . And 6. It is a most pleasant and ravishing exercise , to be studying to understand the Times , and the attainments of the Saints this way fill their Souls with unspeakable delight : It 's one of the Fruits of Christ that are sweet to their Taste , Psal. 111 : 2. The works of the Lord are sought out of all these that take pleasure in them . What a Heaven upon Earth will this advance thee unto ? O! what pleasure to perceive the Wise Counseller , and excellent Worker against contrary Winds and Tides from men , steering all to the Harbour of his own praise , the exalting of his Son , and the happiness of his Church , and secretly carrying on these ends , while men are driving quite contrary designs , how he promotes his designs , by wicked mens opposing them ; and enlarges and gathers his Church , by their scattering of it . And O! what satisfaction as to thy own particular case , to behold and discern the Lord , sometimes lifting thee up , ( Psal. 102. 10. ) and sometimes casting thee down again , sometimes laying you low , as free among the dead , and again setting your feet upon a Rock , and making them like hinds feet , so that ye walk on high places ; sometimes enlarging you and your steps under you , and again straitning you , that ye walk as with fetters , now afflicted , and again delivered ; wounded and cast down , and in three dayes healed and lifted up ; these are part of his wayes , which cannot but be pleasure to us to search into and contemplat . Yea , how delighting must it be , to begin that exercise here , that shall continue in Heaven ; to view and remember with delight , the various and wonderful methods that the wise Lord took in bringing you there ; and while you are on Earth , to be transported to have your Conversation in Heaven , or to have a Wafe of Heaven brought unto your Soul. This cannot be but an unspeakable delight . II. What are these things in times that we are to search into , and study to understand , ( 1. ) We are to search into and to understand the hid and secret Spring of the Lord 's wise and powerful hand in directing , permitting and ordering all these things that fall out in time . The wheel ( Ezek : 1. 16. ) that is within the wheel , and the hand that is under the wings of the living creatures , as in a Clock , or Watch , we see the Hand , but we see not the secret Spring within ▪ that moves all , and turns about the direct , Retrograd , and transverse motions of the Wheels to the discovery of the hour , for Times and Providences may be obvious in their actions , second Causes , and the effects they produce ; but we are in the dark many times : 1. As to the power that acts . 2. As to the reasons and ends he hath before him . And 3. As to the mind and disposition wherewith he moves in them ; these ly hid under ground , as matter of inquiry to the serious and most discerning , whose eyes are in their head . ( 2. ) We are to search into , and understand the Sins of the times , that we may confess and mourn over them , escape from them , and get them removed . Ier. 9. 12. Who is the wise man that may understand this , for what the land perisheth , and is burnt up like a wilderness so that none passeth through ? As to which ye are to understand ; 1. That as there hath been many Prophets that have seen vain and foolish things for us , ( Lam. 2. 14. ) and have not discovered our iniquity , to turn away our captivity but have seen for us false causes of banishment . So the Lords people are often in the dark , as to the grounds of the Lord's controversie with them ▪ and frequently put to that question , ( Iob 9. 10. ) Shew me wherefore thou contendest with me ? 2. That there are no sins which have brought down the wrath of God upon any Nation , but it hath been found in our skirts , and so cannot rationally expect that he will bear with that in one people , which he hath punished so severely in another ; but that as in Isa. 10. 11. As he hath done unto Samaria and her idols , so will he do unto Ierusalem , ( Scotland ) and her idols . We may see the dead carcasses of other sinners , and finful Nations lying in our way for the same sins we are guilty of , which may make us halt in the course of our backsliding and defection . And 3. If I should condescend upon the particular sins of our times , as the contempt of the glorious Gospel , Zech. 7. 11 , 12. Our Idolatry , Ezek. 14. 5. and chap. 20 ▪ 16 ▪ Perfidie , Deut. 29. 24 , 25. Lukewarmness and indifferency in Religion . Rev. 3. 15. Oppression , Ezek. 8. 17. &c. It would be fitter for a Volum than a Sermon , to enumerat them , and therefore I shall satisfie my self with saying , as in Amos 1. 9. For three transgressions of Tyrus ( Scotland ) and for four I will not turn away the punishment thereof , because , &c. and that in Ier. 30. 14. For the multitude of thine iniquities , and because thy sins were increased , I have done these things unto thee . ( 3. ) Ye are to study to understand the Signs and tokens of the times , Matth. 16. 3. O ye hypocrites ye can discern the face of the sky ▪ but can ye not discern the signs of the times ; and that both the good and bad signs of the times , I will not mention the bad signs further than ( by way of the contrary ) they may be comprehended in the good ; but shall mention only these good and promising Signs of our times , to be studied and understood , Matth. 24. 22. When the fig-tree casteth her blossoms we know that summer is near . As 1. It is a good and promising Token of a time , when there is a melting and mourning frame amongst the Lord's people for abounding Iniquity , Ier. 31. 9. When the people come with weeping and supplications , asking the way to Zion ; which Sign is so to be understood , 1. As that though our iniquities testifie against us , ( Isai. 48. 11. ) yet he will do for his Names sake . 2. That what is wanting in our mourning frame before our Deliverance may come alongst with it , or follow after it . And 3. That his Soveraign grace may prove as the dew that waiteth not for man , or his frame , but magnifieth it self in delivering of a sinful and indisposed , yea ill-disposed people . 2. When there is any measure of desirable harmony and Union in a State or Church , and every one as one stick of Bands in the hand of the Lord , and with one consent , ( Zeph. 3. 9. ) And with one shoulder . ( Amos 9. 11. ) Help up with the fallen tabernacle . And ye are to understand this sign so , as 1 Though people may be of different and imperfect Light and Sentiments in some things ( 1 Cor. ●3 . 9. ) Yet in the main Truths and Concerns of the Church and Nation , they may , and ought to be as one man , ( 1 Thes. 5. 13. ) Not striving who shall hold the Candle , least by their strugling they put it out . 2. That the wisdom of God may out-wit the Devil and his Instruments , in making the differences among his people , not only prove the mean of Discovery of the hearts and principles of many , ( Luke 2. 35. ) But to be the occasion of their more closs uniting among themselves , and this fire of Division to separat Heterogenials , and congregat Homogenials . And 3. That this Union and Concord , as it is the Ornament and Beauty of a Society , set in Majesty , ( Ezek. 7. 20. ) and makes them comely as Ierusalem ; and as it is the strength and safety of a Corporation , a shaft of Arrows not being broken so easily as single ones : so is it a Terror unto Enemies , and makes them terrible as any Army with banners , and occasions Enemies to saint in their opposition , saying , ( as in the primitive times ) Behold , how they love one another . And 3. It 's a good sign of a time when there are some hopeful beginnings of Good breaking up , resembling the voice upon the top of the Mulberry-trees , 2 Sam. 5. 24. And the little cloud like a mans hand seen upon the top of mount Carmel , 1 King. 18 44. which sign is so to be understood , as 1. We are not to despise the day of small things , Zech. 4 10. But 2. To look upon them as arles of , and so many steps towards his Work , his strange Work , his Act , his strange Act , which shall make us all cry with shouting , grace , grace unto it . And 3. As God mercifully engaging some in a good Cause and Course , to the saving of their Souls , building of their Houses , and comfort at Death , he hath by these beginnings , wherein ye have been instrumental , happily brought you over to his side , and I desire to be perswaded , that he will never suffer you to retreat ; which if ye do , he hath a witness against you in these things , in your own Consciences , that ye condemn your selves in these things that now ye allow . ( 4. ) Ye are to observe and understand the dark Providences of the times , with reference both to Mercy and Judgment . Eccl. 8. 5. A wise mans heart discerneth both time and judgment . And 1. With respect unto mercy , observe and understand , 1. How the Lord doth great works by small means , Deborah , Iudges 5. A weak woman , the worm Iacob , ( Isai. 41. 14. ) Threshing mountains , Rams Horns , ( Iosh. 6. 4. ) bringing down high walls ; a Straw in the hand of Omnipotency , will do great things . By unexpected means , bringing Instruments from afar , not thought upon , to do service to his Church , Exod. 3. 10. From their common and ordinary Employments , as Gideon , ( Iudges 6. 11. ) from the Threshing-floor , and from his enemies , as Cyrus , ( Isai. 45. 1. ) To loose the loins of kings , and break the gates of brass , and elevating them above their ordinary sphere and ability , to do exploits , making the feeble among them as David , ( Zech. 12. 8 ▪ ) And the weak as an Angel of God. By no visible means , Zech. 4. 6. Not by power , or by might , but by my Spirit , saith the Lord : Yea from the furnace of Affliction , Ioseph ▪ brought out of Prison to Rule , and as many of you are lately come from your Bonds to the Bensh . By contrary means , that would seem to destroy , Clay and Spittle , that of themselves tend to mar the sight , yet applyed by Christ ( Ioh. 9. 6. ) heal blind eyes ; by affliction , to bring about the Deliverance of his Church ; by darkness to bring light , and by scattering to gather . Yea by means that have no rational or probable connexion with the effect , what rational connexion can be imagined betwixt the King 's not getting sleep , calling for a Book to divert him , &c. Esther 6. 1 , 2. and the Deliverance of the Church ; yet the Lord brings forth their Deliverance that way : a Drummer in his Drunkenness Ringing the Town Bell in Beziers in France , giving the Besieged Protestants the alarm , just when their enemies were assaulting them , was an observable Providence . 2. How the Lord by very impressions , and apprehensions upon the Spirits of enemies , makes them fly when none pursueth , and one to chase a thousand , and two to put ten thousand to flight , a famous instance whereof ye have in Iudges 7. 13. A Dream of a fellow , that a barley cake was tumbled into the Host of the Midianites , makes them all run crying , this is no other but the sword of the Lord , and of Gideon ; the Sun shining upon the Waters , put an impression upon the Moabites to their ruin , 2 Kin. 3. 22. &c. which makes the overthrow of enemies so easie , ( whereof we in our time have had pregnant proof ) that as Nahum 3. 12. Their strong Cities fall as ripe figgs into the mouth of the eater , and their valiant captains melt as ▪ grashoppers in a Sunny day . 3. How the Lord makes things fall out contrary to what his enemies design , and in all humane appearance may expect . The Lord as Isa. 24. 25. turning wise men backward , and evidencing that the deceived ( Ioh 12. 16. ) and deceiver are his , and turning the Counsels of Achitophels to foolishness . As for instance the People of Israel would have a King , to put them in a happy condition , like other Nations ( 1 Sam , 8. 5. ) But that King destroyed their Nation , and David behoved to bear up the Pillars thereof , The Church banished from Ierusalem , on purpose to destroy it , Acts 11. 19 , 20. And was a very probable mean to effectuat the design , but that banishment of the Church , proved the preservation of the Church , when Ierusalem was destroyed . And Paul bound that he might not Preach , Phil. 1. 12. But his Bonds do Preach , and tend to the furtherance of the Gospel . 4. How the Lord brings down his Enemies , when their strength is greatest , their Combinations strongest , and their Confidences highest , Nah. 1. 10. When they were drunken as the drunkard ( with success ) and folded together as thorns , ( by combinations , confederacies and strength ) then shall they be devoured as stubble fully dry . Yea 5. How the Lord brings the darkest hour upon a Church , immediately before her delivery , and makes her Furnace hotter in the very carrying on of her deliverance . As faired with the Church in Esthers time , and in Babylon . And that is a strange word in Mic. 4. 10. Be in pain and labour to bring forth , for ye shall go to Babylon , and there be delivered , making their light to shine out of obscurity . And I may allude to that Word , Isa. 21. 11. watch-man , what of the night ? watch-man , what of the night ? The watch-man said , The morning cometh , and also the night . There may be a dark Night before the Morning , and even darkest immediately before the break of day . And 2. Ye are to understand these dark Providences , with reference to Judgments , as well as mercies . Ier. 8. 7. The stork in the heavens knoweth her appointed times , and the turtle , and the cran , and the swallow observe the time of their coming , but my people know not the judgment of the Lord. And as to this , ye are to understand , 1. That the Lord with variety of outward Judgments , oftimes smites a sinful People , he hath many sickles to cut down a Nation , when they are rype , by abounding , and being impudent , and obstinat in sin , Ioel 3. 13. Zach. 5. 1. And in his Soveraignity , he changes them at his pleasure . And in order to this , he fitteth Instruments to execut his wrath , and prepares them for doing his pleasure . Isa. 13. 3. I have called my sanctified ones , I have commanded my mighty ones for mine anger ; and proportions the Judgments some way to the sin of a People , that they who run may read , for what the Lord smitteth them , when they that spoil are spoiled , &c. 2. That the Lord doth sometimes insensibly consume a People , by spiritual and invisible Judgements , sending a moth among them , Hos. 5. 12. I will be as a moth to the house of Iudah , and as rottenness to the house of Israel . And making gray hairs to be here and there upon them , ( Hos. 7. 9. ) tho they knew it not . This is worthy of your search , and studying to understand , how the Lord secretly and insensibly , by Spiritual Judgments wastes a Nation ; Judgments come , and the noise of their feet is not heard , they are effectually , tho insensibly destroyed . O strange ! A People slain , and the sword not seen , and the shot not heard , but in his wrath they pine away , by his deserting of them , Mic. 3. 4. By hardning their hearts , blinding their eyes , and fatning their hearts , Isa. 6. 9. By giving them up to spiritual barrenness , Ezek. 47. 11. And to strong delusions , 2 Thes. 2. 12. And by letting them run on in sin , without reproof or correction , Isa. 1. 5. Hos. 4. 14. And by many other spiritual plagues , which makes the case the sadder , that not only , as I have said , they consume insensibly , but they are both sins and judgments , Amos. 4. 4. Yea ( if not timously prevented by turning to the Lord ) they may prove the sad earnest of hell and damnation , as in that forecited place , 2 Thes. 2. 12. That they all might be damned who believe not the truth . And 3. It 's worthy of your study to understand , how that Moth. at last ( if a People prove incorrigible ) turns into a Lyon , and a Leopard , Hos. 13. 7. Therefore I will be unto them as a lyon , and as a leopard by the way will I observe them . And how the Lord by out ward and visible strokes destroyes a Nation , Ier. ●4 . 12. I will consume them by the sword , and by famine , and by the pestilence . ( 5. ) You are to labour to understand the great ends and designs , that the Lord is driving on , by these times and providences that pass over a People ; And if ye observe narrowly , ye will find , 1. That by all these Providences , in the latter days he is removing these things that are ( or as some read , it may be ) shaken , as of things that are made , that the things which cannot be shaken , may remain , 2. That he is making way for the utter ruin and fall of Antichrist and Popery , in all the forms of it , that not so much as a rag of that whore may remain , Rev. 18. 2. And his Church sing a triumph , Babylon the great is fallen , is fallen . And 3. That he is carrying on the establishment of Zion , upon her right Basis and Foundation , Isa. 14. last v. What shall one answer the messenger of the nations . That the Lord hath founded Zion , and the poor of the people shall trust in ( or as in the Heb. betake themselves unto ) it . And if these great Ends be carried on by Providences , It matters not much , tho you , and I , and others , miss our own particular , and self Ends. And 6. I would propose to you the understanding of the Times , which the Text relates unto . And if there be any paralell betwixt it and our Times , it is not I , but Scripture , and Providence , the great Commentary on Scripture , that hath made it . And if ye will search into the case of the Text , you will find , 1. That Saul , David's Father in Law was now dead , and the Throne vacand , 2. Abner , and his Command that he had over the Tribes , was now removed out of the way , by the Lord 's remarkable hand , 2. Sam. 3. 30. 33. 3. David was now magnified among the People by his victories over the Philistines , his pious carriage , and his zeal for the ark of the Lord , and against Idolatry , and for the publick good of the Land , v. 18. of this chap. 4. The time of the Promise , for making David King , was now at hand to be fulfilled . 2 Sam. 3. 9 , 10. 5. There was a Spirit of Zeal for this work , moving all the Tribes , they flock one after another , to the work , as here in this chap. v. 2● , 38. It 's said , They came all with a perfect heart , to make David King over Israel , and all the rest also of Israel were of one heart to make David King , untill as v. 22. they were a great host , as the host of God , 6. There were both open and secret Enemies to this great work , of making David King , if ye will consider what is said , in 1 King. 12. 16. and in v. 17. of this chap. And 7. When ever David came to the Crown , he gave orders to bring back the Ark to its right place . And in the following chap. to this Text ▪ ye see what orders , after consultation with the Leaders and Captains , he issues forth , to bring again the Ark of God , for ( says he ) we inquired not at it in the days of Saul . Yea 8. In this Juncture , there were that gave the Ark a wrong touch , which kindled the Anger of the Lord against him , see v. 9. of the chap. next to this Text. And I must in the 9. and last place add , That when the Ark was brought home , several remarkable things followed , As David the King his carnal fear , to bring it to his own City , v. 12 , 13. of the following Chapter . The great confirmation of the Kingdom upon him , by the Lords signal appearances in his behalf , according to his Promise , by forreign Confederacies and kindness , by a numerous Family , and by victories over his Enemies , As in 1 Chron. 14. 1 ▪ 2 , 10 , 14 , &c. And at last , after several stops and lets , the Ark is brought with shouting , unto it's own place the City of David , 1 Chron. 15. 28 ▪ And the called and appointed Officers of the Lord are set to wait on it , and no foul fingers to touch it , 1 Chron. 16. 37 , &c. And then , and not till then cometh peace , and all the people return to their houses , and David returned to bless his house , v. 43. There are many other things in times , that ye ought to understand , but least I exceed the bounds of a Sermon , I forbear to mention them , and comes to the last thing I proposed in the method of this Doctrine . III. What way may People best come to understand the Times ? Answ. 1. By Consulting the Word of God , which is the best Key to unlock Providences and Times , to the law and to the testimony , Isa. 8. 20. and as Asaph , when he was puzled with a singular Providence , Psal. 73. 16 , 17. he went into the Sanctuary to be resolved , and there was cleared as to the Times and Providences he was trysted with . The Lords voice cryeth unto the city , ( Mic. 6. 9. ) and the man of wisdom shall know thy name . 2. Labour to have the work of Grace and Renovation thorow and clear without Clouds , for the Image of God in a man is of such a nature , that it hath something in it answering ( as Face to Face in a Glass ) to all the revealed Will of God , and to its great and best Interpreter Times and Providences ; and the more powerful and lively Grace be in its Actings , the more infight you will have both in his Word and Works , Psal. 25. 14. the secret of the Lord is with them that fear him , &c. 3. Compare former Times and Providences in their Nature and Circumstances with present Times and Dispensations , and that will give more Light in what seems hid and obscure to you , Psal. 77. 5. Consider the days of old and the years of antient times , and bring them home to the present Case , and it may help you to know the Vision , Mic. 6. 5. Remember from Shittim to Gilgal , that ye may know the righteousness of the Lord. 4. Imploy by Prayer Christ Jesus to open the Book of Times and Providences to you , for he is worthy to do it , Rev. 5. 2. When ye go forward and he is not there , and backward but cannot perceive him , on the left hand where he doth work , but cannot behold him , and on the right hand , but ye cannot see him ; then ply the Duty of Prayer , for the right management of that Duty hath given great Light to the Saints in dark and difficult times , Psal. 77. 19. when the Lords way is in the sea , and his paths in the deep waters , yet Prayer will be a mean to discover his Goings , and lay open his Mind in them . 5. If ye would rightly understand Times , beware of Prejudices at , and rash Censuring of Times and Providences , as if ye were wiser than God , or could amend what he hath done ; who art thou O man that chargeth God foolishly , and findeth fault with the Almighty , the wise Counseller and excellent Worker . Ye ought to submit your Will to His , and neither to censure nor quarrel His Ways , but say as Psalm 18. 23. This is the doing of the Lord , and marvellous in our Eyes . I remember what is recorded that Luther said to Melanchton , when he was ready to censure the Times , as seeming to threaten the ruine of the Church , Monendus est iste Philippus ut desinat esse mundi gubernator . Let Melanchton cease ( says he ) to govern the World. Men when they overlook a supreme over ruling Hand at the Helm of Providences , are ready to censure them . It was a severe Construction that Porphyry put upon the Israelites passing through the Red-Sea , and the Egyptians being drowned , That they took the advantage of a low Water , as if the Ebb there had ever been so great or better known to Strangers than Natives . And Neh. 4. 2. What do these feeble Iews ? And 6. If ye would understand the Times , ye must not take a light overly view of them , but ye must look attentively upon them , and pry into them , Psal. 107. 23. ye must look and look again on them . His Works are sought out ( Psal. 111. 2. ) of them that take pleasure in them . Ye must look both sides ( to speak so ) of this Book , and ye will find what is dark on the one side of the Leaf is clear on the other ; on the one side ye may perceive nothing but Wrath , Trouble , Confusion , Hell , Death , &c. but if ye will turn over , ye may see , Love , Peace , Order , Heaven , Glory , yea , ye must wait upon the time of bringing forth , and patiently expect the result ; for what ye see not now , ye shall see hereafter . Times are with Child of many Truths and Dispensations , and there is a Month of bringing forth , and here is the Faith and Patience of the Saints . Doct. 2. That the right understanding of Times is very contributive to the clear discovery , and seasonable performance of the proper duties which are called for in these times . That I may render this Truth useful to you , I shall 1. Give you some things in the general for Explication . 2. Show you what are the proper Duties of this time and juncture we are fallen under . 3. What Motives may perswade to the diligent and serious performance of these Duties . And 4. How the right discerning of our times do contribute to the discovery and practice of these Duties : And if your time will allow , I shall make some Application of all . I. In the general for Explication , let these things be considered . 1. Every time casteth up its proper and seasonable Duties , and not only the lustre and beauty of Duty , by imbracing the right season of it , is made to shine as an Apple of Gold in a Picture of Silver , but much of the success or disappointment of it depends upon the right timeing of it ; Every thing , saith Solomon ( Eccl. 3. 11. ) is beautiful in its season ; mis-timed Duties as they are uneasie to others , and unacceptable to God , so are they of dangerous consequence both to the Church and the Persons themselves . 2. As every time , so every Person in the Church and State have proper Duties incumbent to them , according to their several Capacities , Stations and Talents , for advancing the glory of God , and securing their own Happiness , and in order thereto , particularly for preservation and transmitting of the Gospel and its Ordinances to Posterity , that through your care , the Children that are yet unborn may praise his Name . 3. The Lord doth ordinarily Spirit some men for the Duties of their time , and in a more than ordinary way furnish them with Gifts and Endowments for their Generation work , elevating them above what they are in ordinary , and raising their Spirits ( Dan. 11. 32. ) to do exploits , making the feeble as David , and the weak as an angel of God. ● . It s rare to find Acting and Duties of Times single and pure without the woful mixture of Self-Interest , a sour Leaven that hath spoiled many glorious Actings and heavy Sufferings : But of this more hereafter , and therefore ye will find the duty of Self-denyal put in the midst ( Luk 9. 23. ) betwixt Doing and Suffering , to shew that none of them can be cleanly without it . 5. In the point of Duty and Acting , Times and Providences are not to be our Rule , Sin is still Sin , and Duty is still Duty , tho Providence seem sometimes to favour the one and discountenance the other . for as Eccles. 9. 2 ▪ there is one event to the Righteous and to the Wicked , &c. and therefore make the Word , and not single Providence , the Square of your Duty , Providences alone without the Word are dangerous Guides . And 6. Tho there be ordinarly a strong inclination and bensil in Zions Friends towards Acting , yet the Church hath ever thriven better under Suffering than Acting . Act. 11. 21. And as their Prayers and Tears have been their best Armour , so their Testimony and Blood hath been their greatest Trophies and Victory , Rev. 12. 11. they overcame by the blood of the Lamb , and the word of their testimony , for they loved not their lives unto death . II. I presume by vertue of my Commission from the King of kings , to lay before your Grace their Majesties High Commissioner , and this Honourable House of Parliament , these particular Duties , which our times , being well understood , obviously call for , and shall make no other Apology for my freedom in pressing them , than the obligation that lyes on me to be zealous for the Lord of Hosts ; and as I was never before ( being but as one born out of time ) in such a Capacity , so it may be I never again have the opportunity of preaching before such an Honourable Auditory . ( 1 ) Our times upon a narrow and spiritual search call aloud to this Duty , that in a ●●eling and uncertain time every one should secure their Souls , and put that in sure keeping , 1 Pet. 4. 19. wherefore let them that , &c. commit the keeping of their souls to him in well doing as unto a faithful Creator . The excellency of the Soul , the price Christ payed for Souls , the pains that Satan takes to destroy these , and the irreparableness of the loss not being to be made up by gaining the whole World , plead strongly for this ; and the Souls of great ones being within the reach of that word , 1 Cor. 1. 26. not many wise , not many noble , &c. and obvious to greater and mo temptations are in greater hazard than others . And therefore in this uncertain time , I obtest you , that ye secure your Souls , by getting an Interest in Christ Jesus , that lose what ye will ye may not lose that , which cannot be recovered at the rate of all the World , and that if times of trouble come upon you , ye may not be both afflicted here , and damned hereafter . ( 2 ) That ye guard against Apostacy and Defection from the Truth and Way of God , ( wherein he hath mercifully engaged you ) by falling into Idolatry , Profanity and Opposition , to the righteous ways of God , 1 Ioh. 5. 21. Little children , keep your selves from idols ; and be not of them that draw back , ( Heb. 10. 39. ) lest his Soul take no pleasure in you ; for few Apostats recover , or if they do , many of them have bitter Agonies of Spirit , and are a very Hell to themselves before they be put among the Children again . And if Popery and other Corruptions now cast out by you be imbraced again , they will bring with them seven worse Spirits than before ; O do not sweep the House ( Mat. 12. 44. ) for the Devil's return again , and it will be a strange thing to see rational men , ( let be professed Christians ) so prodigal of their Souls , Consciences , Relations , Estates and Bodies , as to thirst and long to be back again to Fgypt , have ye forget the Burdens and Bondage ye were formerly under ? will ye again return to Babylon ? O! for the Lord's sake , hate the Whore and all her Rags spotted with the Flesh. I tremble to think what may be the sad Consequence of returning again with the Dog to the Vomit , and with the Sow to the Puddle ; that 's a severe word in Iosh. 24. 20. If ye forsake the Lord and serve other gods , then he will turn and do you hurt , and consume you after that he hath done you good . ( 3 ) Labour to perfect the Reformation ye have happily begun , and is greedily expected . And that speedily , & in the first place , Command ( as in Ez. 7 ▪ 23. ) that whatsoever is commanded by the God of Heaven , be diligently done for the House of the God of Heaven , Reformation ought to be thorow , and not by Halves or sinful Mixtures , Hos. 7. 8. It 's a sad mark put upon Samaria ▪ King. 17. 33. That they feared the Lord and served their own gods , and swearing by God and by Ma●cham ( Zeph , 1. 5 ) streaches out his arm still with fury against a Nation ; it 's a reproach upon a People to halt between God and Baal , 1 King. 18. 21. If the Lord be God , follow him ; but if Baal , then follow him . And it 's a perpetual stain upon Iehu's Reformation : That tho he destroyed Baal and his Priests , &c. yet he departed not from the sins of Ieroboam , to wit , the Golden Calves at Dan and Bethel , 2 King. 10. 28 29. Let Reformation , I say , be perfect , and throw to the Door all that belongs to the Whore , even the raggs she hath left behind her , for an errand to return again : And let none of Babels cursed Timber or Stones be taken to build the Lord's House with . And let it be done speedily , Ezra 6. 13. They went about the building of the Wall speedily . Let it not be put off by carnal Policy , or Worldly Respects , saying , as H●g ▪ 1. 2 , 4. It is not time to build the Lords House , the time is not come . Tho I confess there is a vast difference betwixt pious Prudence , which should order all your Affairs , and carnal Policy , which will but defile and marr your Work. For men may apprehend , that if they should go on to the settling of the Government of the Church , or any piece of Reformation presently , many would fall off , and affairs would not succeed so prosperously . But let me perswade you , that ye will find the contrary to be true , if ye will consider 1. That the Policy of this kind which Ieroboam used , 1 Kings 12. 26. and which the Iews followed , Ioh. 11. 28. brought the same very evils upon them which they feared , and thought by their carnal Policy to avoid ▪ For Ieroboam had laid down this Principle , that no Idol no King , even as some conclude with as little reason , no Bishop , no King : And the Iews were by their carnal wisdom fixed in this , That Christ and the Gospel , and their peace and safety could not consist together : But both their measures failed them , and that which they feared , and thought by their carnal Policy to evite , came upon them . 2. If ye will consider that good King Hezekiah was not guided by this carnal Policy in his reformation , 2 King. 18. 4. But in the first year of his reign ( which I pray and hope our King shall make the parallel of ) removed the high places , brake down the images , cut down the groves , and brake in pieces the brazen serpent , ( tho Moses made it ) and called it Nehushtan . And that which in this affair was his best policy , ye have in the 5 vers . He trusted in the Lord God of Israel . And 3. If ye will consider what Luther that famous Reformer saith , That there are three great hinderances of Reformation , Security among the people of God , secret treachery of enemies , and carnal policy in managers of the work . For to offer to cure the disorders of the Church by carnal wisdom , and to determine the great controversies of Religion by humane Reason , is cum ratione & sapientia insanire , to go mad with Wisdom and Reason . And I have read what Livy saith , That carnal policies are in their contrivement pleasant , in their management difficult , and in their issue sad to them that use them , and will leave them with that sad lamentation of that great Polititian Tully , whose Policy had kept him in Place & Honour , ( if I remember ) in the time of four Emperors , yet at his end cryed out , O me miserum , & nunquam beatum . It must needs then be a wicked Maxim which some Father upon Matchiavell , That all the Laws and things of God are to be subjected and stoop to ( that which they call ) Reason of State. ( 4. ) It 's a duty of our times , if we understand them right , to crucifie that grand Idol Self ; And all self-ends and interests , when they come in competition with Christ and his Truth , and when the case is , Christ or Barabbas . O! How many worship this Idol Self . Phil. 2. 21. All seek their own , not the things of Iesus Christ. But the voice of our times to you , Most Noble Patriots , is not to seek great things for your self with Baruch , Ier. 45. 5. But with Mordecai , Esth. 10. 3. to seek always the wealth of your people , and labour for a more Publick Spirit : Moses and Paul seem to lay their Soul and part of Heaven in Pawn for the glory of God , and delivering of the Church . Will ye prefer your little Stock to the safety of the whole Cargo and Vessel ? O cursed Self , away with it , away with it , crucifie it , crucifie it . You were lately by a great Light of this Church , exhorted to prefer Ierusalem to your chief joy ; and I hope the impression of it abideth with you . For 1. It is a Spring and Source of many evils , from whence flows our Pride , Ambition , Covetousness , Vanity , &c. but from this ? they are all the Children of this cursed Mother , and if ye do not slay this Idol , ye will not have a heart to life at the fallen Tabernacle , or to help to set on the Crown on Christ's Head. 2. It is the fostering and feeding of this Idol Self , that is the sad occasion of all those breaches , divisions and animosities that are amongst a people ; for according to the frame of their Idols , so are all their Methods taken , and some have an Idol of one shape , and some of another , and according to that Mould , so are all their actings to support it . And 3. This selfish disposition and temper , as it doth cause the enemy to blaspherne , and opens the mouths of the wicked to say , lo this is the man that pretended so highly for Christ , now he hath left him , when he hath drawn his Stake , or he hath left him because he cannot mount up to preforment that way , and gain nothing from that quarter ; so hath it provoked the Lord to cut down these self-interests , that men have preferred to Christ , and his Interest , how many Crowns hath this made to totter , and fall to the Ground , because they sought a Crown to themselves , and not to Christ. And how many great and fair Houses have been laid waste , because they built their own Houses , and let the House of the Lord ly desolat . Iehu his self-ends ( Hos. 1. 4. brought ruin upon him and his House , and all his policy could not prevent it , he that saves himself this way , shall lose himself . 5. They that rightly understand our times , will find that moderation , and sobriety is one of the great duties of it , Phil. 4. 5. Let your moderation be known to all men , &c. winding up of Instruments to the highest Peg , doth not only marr the Harmony , but breaketh the Strings . Let not the Stretches of former times , edge you to the same methods . You know who it was , who being inquired , what was the best way of governing Kingdoms ? wrot only in return , upon a large Paper , at a great distance from other , three times , Modus , Modus , Modus , moderation , moderation , moderation . The Records of experience show us , that violent Administrations , and running things to the height , have not been long-lived , Omnis felicitas ad culmen producta Retrogreditur , & nihil violentum durat . And 6. The Duty of our Times seems to be , that ye should lay such sure and lasting Foundations , as not only these two strangers in our Land , Righteousness and Peace , ( Psal. 85. 10. ) may meet and kiss one another ; but that they may live together , and be perpetuated to the generations to come , that the Children yet unborn may bless you ; As we in this time do bless you in the Name of the Lord , and from the House of our God , for what ye have done already . Go on then , I say , against whatsoever opposition , either from Enemies , or false Builders , and lay such a sure Basis , that after-Generations may build upon it ; hear that word in Zech. 8. 9. Let your hands be strong , ye that hear in these dayes , these words by the month of the Prophets , which were in the day that the foundation of the house of the Lord was laid , that the Temple might be built . III. Let me press these Duties of our times upon you by some Motives . 1. The Concerns ye have among your hands in this time are great , your Grace , and this Honourable Court of Parliament , have not only the Matters of an Earthly King , whom God hath singled out to do Exploits for him among your hands , for which ye are obliged , ( as ye have already done ) to evidence a great deal of care and zeal : but ye have under your care and tutory Christ's own Bride , she is a tender Virgin , and hath yet but little Breasts , she hath been wounded in the house of her Friends , as well as by Enemies , and she is not yet heal , her Wounds are yet bleeding , for the Lord's sake prove to her as the compassionat Samaritan , Luke 10. 34. Bind up her Wounds , pour Oyl into them , and take care of her ; she is Nobly-Born , she is a King's Daughter , ( Psal. 45. 13. ) New come from her Banishment ; and for her Father's Blessing , for her Bridegroom's Blessing , and for her own Blessing , who is ready to perish , deal kindly with her , and be faithful Tutors to her . Yea , ye have Christ's Crown , his Glory among your hands , and if you take away , or suffer one Jewel of it to be los'd or rob'd , not only your Estates and Lives , but your Souls may go for it ; for he will not give his Glory to another , nor suffer any to wear a Pearl of his Diadem , without evidences of his Anger and Displeasure against them . 2. Remember , that though ye be as Gods , ( Psal. 82. 6. ) yet ye must dy as men , your Breath is in your Nosthrils , as other mens , and therefore carry so in the Trust ye have among your hands , as that ye may be desired when ye live , and lamented when ye die . A Heathen could say , Si bonam famam servavero sat ero Felix ; and there was not any thing more reckoned a plague among the Heathens , than to die unlamented , and their memorial to be buried in obscurity , or remain in Infamy : And I believe there is not a man in this House , who would not think himself extreamly miserable to be with Iehoiakim ( Ier. 22. 19. ) buried with the burial of an Ass : Think but seriously what Epitaph may be Written on your Tomb , and what Discourses may be of you when ye are gone , Here lies a man that was never a Friend to Christ or his Interest ; now he is dead , but he was an opposer and persecuter of Christ , his Truth and People . I have read of Lewis the II. King of France , that he counterfeited himself to die , to see if his Court would lament him , and honour his Death with their Tears , or if they would rejoyce that they were freed of such a Governour . It certainly concerns you to acquit your selves faithfully in your Trust , that ye may live desired , and die lamented , and to have the Generation following you to the Grave with such a Lamentation , 2 King. 2. 12. Ah ▪ my father , the Chariots of Israel , and the Horse-men thereof ; and to remember what that great Cardinal Wolsey said , when dying , That if he had served God as faithfully as he had done the King , he had not been in that misery . And dying is not all , but ye must give an account of your Stewardship , and Talent , and Duties belonging to this present station , in which ye are placed , and the opportunities of doing service to God , now put in your hands , and what will ye say when ye shall be sisted at the general Assize before the Tribunal of Christ , to that question , what Justice and Vote gave ye to me and my afflicted Church in the first Parliament of King William and Queen Mary , in Scotland , was ye for me or against me ? 3. Though ye should live the course of Nature , yet ye may never have so fair an opportunity to do good in your time , as ye have this day , for it 's rare for a Man to be twice high Commissioner , and but few are twice chosen to be Members of Parliament , of these who come in by choice , and to whom it is not Hereditary ; and this calls you , that while there is a price in your hand ( Prov. 17. 16. ) to do good , labour to have a heart to it , that is , seriousness , diligence , affection , courage and resolution , for the work that God hath put in your hands , and carry so as ye may be free of sad Reflections , and after-Challenges , and late-Repentings ; for stultum est dicere , non putabam . And 4 To perswade you to these Duties of the time , consider that the Lord is aloft , and mounted on his Conquering Horse , ( Rev. 6. 2. ) to do for you , do ye not perceive him discovering the Plots , defeating the Councils of , and giving you Victory over your enemies , breaking them on their high places , and making them fall in the pits they digged for you , Higgaion , Selah . And since he is so visibly , and graciously doing for you , will ye not do for him ? I shall only add in the 5 and last place , That as the eyes of the Lord , his holy Angels , and all his people in this Land , 〈…〉 fall the Protestant Churches are upon you . So ye are upon the 〈…〉 of the Prayers of the flower of the godly in Scotland , and we for a return , and in hopes of it , we will sing Salvation to our 〈…〉 and to the Lamb. FINIS .