England's restoration parallel'd in Judah's, or, The primitive judge and counsellor in a sermon before the honourable judge at Abington assizes, for the county of Berks, Aug. 6. 1689 / by Francis Carswell ... Carswell, Francis, d. 1709. 1689 Approx. 77 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 20 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images. Text Creation Partnership, Ann Arbor, MI ; Oxford (UK) : 2008-09 (EEBO-TCP Phase 1). A34713 Wing C649 ESTC R222147 11753623 ocm 11753623 48632 This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission. Early English books online. (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A34713) Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 48632) Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1641-1700 ; 2308:4, 811:5) England's restoration parallel'd in Judah's, or, The primitive judge and counsellor in a sermon before the honourable judge at Abington assizes, for the county of Berks, Aug. 6. 1689 / by Francis Carswell ... Carswell, Francis, d. 1709. The second edition. [4], 34 p. Printed for Awnsham Churchill ..., London : 1689. Reproductions of originals in Union Theological Seminary Library, New York (reel 811:5) and William Andrews Clark Memorial Library (reel 2308:4). Created by converting TCP files to TEI P5 using tcp2tei.xsl, TEI @ Oxford. Re-processed by University of Nebraska-Lincoln and Northwestern, with changes to facilitate morpho-syntactic tagging. Gap elements of known extent have been transformed into placeholder characters or elements to simplify the filling in of gaps by user contributors. 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Copies of the texts have been issued variously as SGML (TCP schema; ASCII text with mnemonic sdata character entities); displayable XML (TCP schema; characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or text strings within braces); or lossless XML (TEI P5, characters represented either as UTF-8 Unicode or TEI g elements). Keying and markup guidelines are available at the Text Creation Partnership web site . eng Church of England -- Sermons -- 17th century. Bible. -- O.T. -- Isaiah I, 26-27 -- Sermons. Great Britain -- History -- Restoration, 1660-1688. 2006-06 TCP Assigned for keying and markup 2006-06 Aptara Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images 2007-05 Taryn Hakala Sampled and proofread 2007-05 Taryn Hakala Text and markup reviewed and edited 2008-02 pfs Batch review (QC) and XML conversion Dr. Carswell , THE Gentlemen of the Grand-Jury for this County , are all come to give you their hearty Thanks for your Sermon , and do request , you would be pleas'd to Print it . Abington Assis . for Berks , Aug. 6. 1689. Humphrey Forester , Bar. Foreman . England's Restoration PARALLEL'D IN JUDAH's : OR , THE Primitive Judge and Counsellor . IN A SERMON BEFORE THE Honourable Judge at Abington Assizes , for the County of Berks , Aug. 6. 1689. By FRANCIS CARSWELL , D. D. The Second Edition . LONDON ; Printed for Awnsham Churchill , at the Sign of the Black Swan , near Amen-Corner . 1689. To the Right Worshipful James Paul Esq ; High Sheriff of the County of Berks ; Sir Humphrey Forester Bar ▪ and the rest of the Knights , Baronets , and Gentlemen of the Grand Jury for the said County . SIR , YOVR Integrity , Conduct and Zeal for the Honour and Interest of your Country , the due Administration of her Affairs , Engrandizing her Publick Assemblies , and Courts of Judicature , hath been evidenc'd by your Care , in singling out and returning , for the Grand-Inquest , Gentlemen , for Quality , Estates , Integrity and Parts , the most Eminent Berks can boast of : Remark'd on as a fit President to be followed , and best Expedient to prevent , for the future , such kind of persidious Addresses as were ( of late ) wont to be hatched at the Assizes , by Men of as desperate Faith as Fortunes ; and sent from thence to the Court to flatter and deceive their Prince ( with their own Senses instead of his Peoples ) , betray their Religion and Country ; in hopes by those sordid Crafts , to raise themselves on the Ruins of both . A second Lustre beamed on this our Restoration-Assize , was the appearance of so many Noble Lords , as also other Persons of Quality , who , as abhorring , or ashamed of late Lycaonick Pranks , had for some time , with Astrea , withdrawn or hid themselves , but now appear again with joy , to welcome her Return . My Part being in the Temple , to publish and amplifie our great Deliverances , and cry Hosannah to their Author ; I was in hopes , when my Breath and Glass were both out , my Task had been done too , until surpriz'd by your joint repeated Requests , I found my self run on this Dilemma , either to bid you Defiance , and proclaim my Rudeness ( to all the World ) , by a churlish Denial , or my Weakness in granting your Request ; which latter part I have chosen , to let you see what a high Valae I set on your Merit and Friendship , whilst I am thus content to expose , and so renounce my self to serve your Commands ; and therefore ( factum defendite vestrum ) you have herein your Request . Now I pray God and you ( Gentlemen ) to grant me mine , ( viz. ) That Berks and her Gentry may ever do worthily , and faithfully serve their God , their Prince , Religion and Country , be Famous , and flourish , which is and shall be the Prayer of , Gentlemen , Your Faithful Orator , and Servant in Christ , Fran. Carswell . Isaiah I. 26 , 27. And I will restore thy Judges as at the first , and thy Counsellors as at the beginning ; after thou shalt be called , The City of righteousness , The faithful City . Sion shall be redeemed with Judgment , and her Converts with Righteousness . THESE Words are part of that Vision we read of ( ver . 1. ) which Isaiah saw in the Reigns of Vzziah and Jotham , concerning Judah and Jerusalem , ( that is ) the City or Nation , and their Inhabitants . The fulfilling whereof Piscator , Menopius and Lyra , refer to the restauration of their Temple and Nation in their Sacred and Civil Rites , as well as ancient Government both in Church and State , after their return from their Babylonish Captivity , which was about 240 years yet to come . And this sence is favoured by the Septuagints rendring 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , as also the Syriack and Arabick Versions , Salvabitur Captivitas ejus . But Forerius and others look 500 years beyond this time , and refer the fulfilling of this Vision to the flourishing and happy Condition of the Christian Church and State , as both in After-Ages should be restored and fixed by Christ himself , their hoped for Messiah , who they believed , when he came , would restore all things , and sit upon the Throne of David , and upon his Kingdom , to order and establish it with Judgment and with Justice from thenceforth and for ever . So that under his Reign the Righteous should flourish , Sion should be redeemed : Judges , Counsellors , and all things be restored as at the first . 1. Now if we understand these words in the first sense , of their Restoration after their return from Babylon , the time was so remote , they could administer no more of comfort to the Jews , than it would to us , if in the midst of dismal Distractions one should prophesie , That 300 years hence our Nation should flourish , or at the Day of Judgment all should be restored . 2. If we understand them in the second , of the Restoration by Christ under the Gospel , that could not concern the present State of the Jews at all , but the future of the Gentiles : Besides , this time being more remote , would have been less of support under their pressing Calamities . Neither in truth was their Temple , Nation , Government , or ancient Governours then restored , but rather quite dissolved , and broken in pieces by the conquering Romans , and themselves thenceforth enslaved , and , as an accursed People , scattered upon the face of the Earth to this very day : for when Shilo came , the Scepter departed from Judah . Therefore I intend to consider and remark upon these words , as ( Apoc. 1. 3. ) a Revelation of things that were at hand , and speedily to come to pass : As a Message sent to Judah in the latter end of Vzziah's Reign , and fulfilled ( about Three Years after ) in the beginning of Jotham's ; which will appear , if we consider the present juncture of Affairs and Calamities the Jewish Church and Nation then laboured under , and how occasioned ; which was as follows . Joash , the present King's Grand-Father , being an Excellent and Religious Prince in the beginning of his Reign ; but after the Death of Jehoiadah , following the wicked Counsel of his cringing Favourites , he forsook the true Established Worship , and turned Idolater , which thing so highly provoked God , that he gave him up in Battel into the hands of his Enemies , and at last his own Subjects slew him . Amaziah , his Son , succeeding in the Throne , one of the first things he did , was to try and execute those Regicides who had murthered the King his Father . And farther we read of him , that he did that which was right in the sight of the Lord , but not with a perfect heart ; that is , he outwardly for a long time still professed and pretended to protect the true Worship and Worshippers of God , as then professed amongst the Jews , ( which thing was right in God's sight ) but not with a perfect heart ; for his heart was after the Gods of Mount Seir ; and privately he burnt incense to them . But knowing the Hatred his Subjects bore to that Idolatrous Religion , he durst not openly enjoyn it them . However , we find , when his Subjects began to discover his former dissembling his Religion , and fearing he had designs , and would in time attempt to introduce Innovations into the Temple of God , they plotted and conspired against him , and so at last made him away too . Thus these two Princes grasping at an absolute and arbitrary power , or to make themselves like to the great King of Assyria , their Neighbour , as the most proper Expedient , endeavoured first to introduce his Idolatrous Worship . It being the Nature of all False and Idolatrous Religions , which come from the Devil , to make all Monarchs , like himself , their Author , Arbitrary Tyrants . And all their Subjects , like those in his Kingdom of Darkness , Miserable Slaves . But the Nature of the true Religion , which comes from God , is to render all her Kings , being ( his anointed ) like himself , Indulgent Fathers . And all her Subjects , like those in his Kingdom of Glory , Children and Free-born . By these Methods ( I say ) they made a miserable Exit , losing both their Lives and Kingdoms too : For that , like the Romans , who being abused by Tarquinius Superbus , their last King , would never after endure the Name of another . So here the States of Iudah ( their King being destroyed ) seized the Government , and turned themselves into a Commonwealth for about 11 or 12 years . But after that time they unanimously restore Vzziah , their last King's Son , to the Throne , in hopes that his Predecessor's Misfortunes , in attempting to alter or corrupt the Established True Worship , might prove a fair warning to him . And this King , in the beginning of his Reign , God always prospered in Battel , and delivered his Enemies that rebelled against him into his hands . The Philistines , the men of Ashdod and Gath. And his Name spread amongst the Neighbour-Princes ; he built Forts , and raised a mighty Army ; he invented and proivded all manner of warlike Magazins and Engines , Shields , Spears , Helmets , Habergions , Bows and Slings , and God marvellously helped him till he was strong , 2 Chron. 26. 13 , 14. But now in the midst of all this Grandeur , warlike provision , and mighty Army , he seems to forget his Kingly Office , and nothing will satisfie him but he must turn Priest , and offer up Sacrifice . And instead of employing all these warlike preparations against the common Enemy , in defence of his Subjects , their Laws , Liberties , Countrey and Religion , it now appears he only designed to secure himself in such a Power ( as his Predecessors wanted ) that might enable him to go through in the Corrupting that Worship of God about which they had failed . And in order to it , at last he picks a quarrel with Azariah , the High Priest , who , with other Priests assisting , opposed the King in his attempts . But presently hereupon in the heighth of all this greatness and glory , it follows , that his mighty Army answers none of his ends , but turned to his shame and roproach : His Spirit and Courage sinks in the midst of his Forces , and himself , between being thrust or affrighted out of his Kingdom , run away and left it , as we read , 2 Chron. 26. 20. He made haste to be gone ; living after about four years , and at last died with grief and discontent , and was buried in his Garden . Hereupon the States of Judah convened , and their King having thus left them , for the present juncture they set Jotham , the King's Son , over the king's house , to administer the government ; and finding him an Excellent Prince , in a short time after they advance him to the Throne ( during the Life of his Father . ) Thus by the Male-administration of Three succeeding Princes , and their several attempts to introduce an Arbitrary Power , and an Idolatrous Worship . The Foundations of the Jewish Church and State had been miserably shaken , and almost dissolved : so that it was hard for the most discerning amongst them to determine , whether the Worship of the true God , or that of Baal , was like to prevail . Which so much perplex'd the anxious thoughts of such Ely's , whose hearts trembled for fear of the Ark of God. And so highly dissatisfied those who were well affected to the peace and prosperity of their Countrey , that what between the Concernment and Zeal of some for their Religion , the Discontents of others for their distressed , tottering State and Government , a general Neutrality and Supiness possessed most , as careless of the issue , the support of the Government , or who govern'd , concluding it could not be worse . Their Country and Religion lay bleeding , as Isaiah 1. 5 , to 23. Their head is sick , their heart faint , their country was desolate , their cities burnt with fire , their land strangers devoured in their presence : Sion was left as a cottage , as a besieged city : the faithful city Ierusalem is become a harlot : she that was full of judgment , and righteousness lodged in her , is filled with malefactors ; their king and princes make wicked counsellors their companions , their judges are made for oppression , they judge not the fatherless , nor house of the widow , but they love gifts , and follow after rewards . And in the midst of these Distractions and Convulsions both of Church and State , unless the Lord of Hosts had compassion on them , they must have been as Sodom and Gomorrah ; but in the mount of the Lord is God seen : He arises and resolves to rescue his people out of the jaws of so imminent destruction ; and tho all looks desperate , yet to prevent their despondency , he sends Isaiah in this comfortable Message , and commands him to prophesie , and tell them , that notwithstanding all their present fears and confusions , yet the time was just come . That I will restore thy Judges as at the first , and thy Counsellors as at the beginning : after thou shalt be called , The city of righteousness , The faithful city : Sion shall be redeemed with judgment , and her converts with righteousness . Which Prophecy seems to be made good in the very next Prince's Reign , who was Jotham , of whom Josephus writes , ( Huic Regi nulla virtus defuit erga Deum , pro justo erga homines & reipublicae studioso ; quicquid enim instauratione opus habebat diligenter sarciendum curavit in tantúmque Regnum auxit , ut tam domi felix esset quàm foris formidabilis ) That he was a most Excellent Prince , deficient in no Virtue , but devout towards God , just towards Man , and willingly employ'd himself to redress all that was amiss both in Church and State. He fortified his Kingdom , and made War upon the great King of Ammon his Neighbour , and all the Enemies of their Religion and Nation round about , and overcame them in Battel , and made them Tributary to him , being happy amongst his Subjects at home , and formidable to his Enemies abroad , ever waxing mighty , because he prepared his way before the Lord. Now since the Apostle tells us , No Scripture is of private interpretation , this Prophecy may concern us of England , as well as Judah and Jerusalem . Their Case seems to be our President we have copied after . And our Circumstances their Parallel . Both are so obvious , that there needs no Application , or more to be said , than what our Saviour did when he stood up in the Temple to preach , and having read his Text out of this very Prophet , he closed his Book , and sat down , having said no more . Then , This day is this Scripture fulfilled in your ears . So may I. I will restore thy Judges as at the first , and thy Counsellours as at the beginning , &c. This day is this Scripture fulfilled in your ears , in your Eyes , in all your Senses , in the midst of our Towns and County . After all our Distractions , just Fears , Apprehensions , and Threats of Arbitrary Power , Subversion of our Religion , Laws , Liberties , and even Justice it self . Behold our Judges as at the first in our respective Counties throughout the Kingdom at a General Assize gone forth to judge the People . Behold our Counsellors as at the beginning in the Court to advise our Prince . In our Grand Senate , both House of Parliament sitting , advising , and enacting according to our ancient Rights , Freedoms and Priviledges . Behold our Religion , our Church , which is our Sion , redeemed from Romish Superstitions . Behold her Converts Protestant Proselytes and Professors of this Pure , Holy , Reformed Religion , redeemed from all Fears of Rome's bloody Inquisition , or France's Dragooning for Conscience sake . Behold our Universities and Colledges , our Cities and Corporations with their Free-holds , Charters , and Immunities restored as at the first . To Crown all , behold a King reigning in Righteousness , the Support of our present , and Pledge of our future happiness , even England's Jotham , Warring with the great King of Assyria his Neighbour , the grand Enemy of our Religion and Country ; God grant him also a Jotham's Success , to overcome them in Battel , and to make them Tributary , and that he may ever wax mighty , because he prepares his way before the Lord. What remains now , but that our Cities shall in a short time become Cities of Righteousness , faithful Cities : And our Sion , which is our Church , be redeemed with Judgment , and her Converts with Righteousness . In Summ then , this Vision discovers these four things . Of a Church and Nation 's Restauration and Deliverance from the Smart of such Calamities as they felt for the present , or feared for the future . 1. The Author 2. The Instruments 3. The Order 4. The Nature 1. The Author , and Principal Efficient Cause of the Prosperity and Restauration of a sinking Church and Nation , is God alone : I will restore . 2. The Instruments , and Essential parts of a People's Restauration are , ( 1 ) Judges as at the first . ( 2 ) Counsellours as at the beginning . 3. The Order and Method of a People's Prosperity ( after that ) : For before that Judges and Counsellours are restored , a Nation cannot flourish ; but they first , then after that the other follows . 4. The Nature and Comprehensiveness of a compleat Restauration ; it must be in Sacred as well as Civil Rights . ( 1 ) Civil and Political Prosperity : Cities shall flourish , and become Cities of Righteousness . ( 2 ) Sacred and Religious Prosperity : The Church and her Proselytes must be saved . Sion shall be redeemed with Judgment , and her Converts with Righteousness . As the result of the whole , I infer , 5. That whenever a People are thus restored , they are highly obliged , without murmuring , to rejoyce in , and to bless that God , who is the Author of all , for it . These five Generals shall bound my present Discourse . 1. That God alone is the Principal Efficient Cause of all Mutations of Government , whether they tend to the Destruction or Restauration of a Church or Nation . He sets up , and he pulls down at his pleasure . He deliver'd Israel out of Egypt , and destroyed the Egyptians in the Red Sea. He rooted out the Canaanites , and planted his own People in their Cities . He took Saul from the Herd , and David from the Flock , and seated them on the Throne . And he pulled down the High and Mighty Nebuchadnezzar in the midst of all his Glory , and turned him to graze with the Beasts of the Field . Alexander's and Caesar's may build Alexandria's and Caesarea's , like great Babylon , for their Honour and Glory , when as all the while , except the Lord build and keep the City too , the Builder and the Watchman take care in vain . These may arrogantly think , that by their Power , Policy and numerous Armies , they have founded Empires and Dominions , when as he that sits in the Heavens derides the vanity of their thoughts , and frequently brings to nought their mighty Designs and many Devices . For 't is the Counsel of the Lord that at last shall stand , and his Purposes shall come to pass . All the Powers on Earth are but as Tools in his hand to work out his good pleasure . The mighty Cyrus was but his Shepherd , and shall fulfil all his good pleasure , saying to Jerusalem , Thou shalt be built , and to Sion , Thy Foundation shall be laid . And when his Ends are accomplished , their Dominions are determin'd , as the great Belshazzar's was by his Hand-writing . MENE , MENE , TEKEL UPHARSIN , Thy Kingdom is weighed , numbred , and finished , and being found wanting , is divided and distributed . Thus he made Zerzes with his 2500000 , Zenacharib and Siserah , with Hosts as numerous as the Sands by the Sea , to return with shame and dishonour , and sent the great Bajazet about the World in a Cage for a show . And again , gave glorious Victories to a single Sampson with a Jaw-bone of an Ass . To David with a Sling and a Stone . To Gideon with the noise of Pitchers , Rams-horns , and but 300 Men. It is He that makes a fruitful Land to become a barren Wilderness , and depopulates Cities by the Sword , Famine and Pestilence . And 't is the same hand that made the Wound that applies the Remedy ; cures all our Diseases , and makes the noise of the Drum and Trumpet to cease , and restores Peace in all our borders . For as Clay in the hands of the Potter , so are all Nations in his . And 't is no more but for him to speak the word , and they are made , or utterly undone . He can destroy or save as he pleases , either by or without means ; but his usual methods are by Instruments and second Causes , as here in my Text , by restoring Judges and Counsellors , who are both Instruments and Essential parts of a Nations Restoration . 2. Which is the 2d . thing in order to be discoursed of , ( viz. ) That the Restoration of Primitive Judges and Counsellors are both the necessary and essential parts , as well as instrumental Causes of a Peoples Restoration . And here my first enquiry ought to be , Who and what those Judges and Counsellors were at first ? 1. Neg. It is not Judges in general : no matter who or what they are , provided they are but Judges ; for of these we never wanted , such as they were ; but they must be such as were at first . For there are a sort who are so far from being a blessing , that they are the greatest Scourge and Plague as can befall a Nation . There are a sort of High Commission Judges ; there are Arbitrary Dispensing Judges ; there are Judges who ( 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 ) neither fear God , nor regard Man. Who live on Orphans Tears , sacrifice and sell the Blood of some , the Estates of others , their Country , their Laws , their Religion , and their own Consciences , to purchase their Places , and their Maker's Favour ; whom that you may know , I shall name one , John 19. 12. If thou let this Man go , thou art not Caesar's Friend . When Pilate ( the Judge ) heard that , he sate down in the Judgment seat , and condemned the most innocent , holy and just ; ( i. e. ) when he heard he was like to lose Caesar's Favour and Friendship , farewel to Justice to purchase its continuance . In the whole Creation , there is not one Creature more like a God than a Primitive Judge . Nor a Monster more like a Devil , than a corrupt degenerate one from his Original Pattern . But to let pass this Pilattick Sect of Judges , and leave them to repent , or their Names to rot , and Memorials to perish , being the Antithesis and Reverse of those my Text speaks of . I proceed , 2. To consider and determine what Primitive Judges and Counsellors are . And here , 1 st . what are Primitive Judges , Homines in naturali statu liberi nascuntur & pares , in quâ parietate semper remansciscent , nisi necessitas quaedam politica illos in ordinem co●gisset , ut alii praesint , alii subsint , in totius salutem & primô idem fuit Imperator & Judex . Liberty and Freedom being the Universal and Natural Birthright of all , and their Security and primary end of all Government , need no more proof than to prove the Tooth in a Man's Head , his Eye , or his Senses are his own . But whosoever pretends to exercise any power over others , must prove every Tittle , and shew his Commission , how and which way he came by it , and take care to answer the End and true Reasons which first gave Birth to Empire and Dominion . Which were not to invade or destroy , but to protect and defend their Subjects . And therefore if at any time they act contrary in it , they renounce the ends of their being , and overthrow the Foundation on which they stand . Exposing their Authority to be stripped Naked , subverted and trampled on . For tho some self-designing men , to flatter ( and abuse ) Princes , and promote themselves , may have tortured Scripture , and screwed up Conscience and Religion to such heighths , as to infer thence Obligations to an extravagant unreasonable sort of Obedience . Yet 't is as impossible for men in general to act contradictory to their true Interest , their Natural Principles of Freedom and Self-preservation , or to stand by and assist any Power in abusing themselves . As it is to be mad with Reason . And 't is as foolish , if not impious and contradictory , to pretend to fetch Arguments from a Religion that comes from God , to cheat men of those Natural Rights which himself ( and Nature ) has given them . Whereby they represent God , as tho repenting or recalling his Gifts , and so acting contradictory to his goodness , which is himself , and dividing his Kingdom against it self , like that which cannot stand . Let then their mistaken sense of Government be what it will , it was , no doubt , instituted for the defence and preservation of the whole , and at first the Emperor and the Judge was the same , with his Sword in one hand to defend against their Enemies , and his Scepter in the other to determine Controversies . But the weight of Government , and number of Subjects increasing , the Emperour withdrew from the Tribunal , and substituted Judges . And this was the course that Moses took , by the advise of Jethro , whose Books and Writings being the most ancient and authentick that we can rely on , I shall from them collect what those Original Judges were , according to whose pattern a Restoration is here promis'd . By Judges ( 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 〈◊〉 , as the Septuagint ; ut antea , as the Syrriack Version ; ut erant antiquitùs , ut olim , as the Arrabick and Caldee Paraphrase ) , as at first , as before , as anciently , as in times past : I understand either , 1. Such as God himself was , or such as he at first extraordinarily qualified and sent . 2. Or such as Moses was , or such as he commissioned . 3. Or such as the best of the Kings of Israel and Judah were , or such as they commission'd in their respective Reigns . 1. Such as God himself was . For tho by his Universal Power and Providence , he at first planted , and still governs all the Kingdoms of the World , and has given them to the Children of Men , yet Israel was his peculiar Care and Government ; and therefore when they clamoured for a King , like other Nations , God in anger replied by Samuel , They have not rejected thee , but they have rejected me , that I should not reign over them ; because that himself , as Isa . 9. 7. was their King , their Judge and their Lawgiver . And it was common for them to bring such Causes as they could not determine , and spread them before the Lord. 2. Or such as God extraordinarily qualified , and sent to judge his People Israel ; such were Othniel , Shamgar , Deborah and Samuel ; and thus he gave them Judges for the space of 450 years , and God was with the Judge , Acts 13. 20. 2. Or such as Moses himself was , or as he commissioned . Moses was the first we ever read of that sate upon the Bench in a judicial way of Over and Terminer , and he is the first too that issued out Commissions to other Deputy-Judges to bear part of the burthen with him , and to judge the people at all seasons . 3. Or such Judges as the best , wisest , most renown'd and religious of the Kings of Israel and Judan were : As Jehosaphat , Solomon and David , whose Throne for Righteousness and Judgment , was a Type of the Throne of the Messiah , who is to judge the World in Righteousness , and the Nations in Equity , so famed for Justice , that it revived the hearts of his Subjects but to talk of appearing before his Tribunal : Our feet shall stand within thy gates , O Jerusalem : for there are set thrones of judgment , even the throne of the house of David . Or such as Solomon his Son , so famed for Wisdom and Judgment , in that righteous and critical decision of the Controversie between the Two Women about the dead and the living Child . Or such as Jehosaphat sent into all the Cities of Judah , in Circuit , City by City . 2. We may learn what these Judges at first were . 1. From the Rules laid down for their Choice . 2. From the Charge given them upon Admission , for the Execution of their Office. I shall only instance in Two , Moses and Jehosaphat's Rules and Charge . 1. Moses's Rules for Choice , or Qualifications he requires in a Judge , are reduceable to these Four , recorded Exod. 18. 2. 1. Chuse able men ; ( i. e. ) Men of Parts and Understanding . 2. Such as fear God : Not the Face of Man in the Judgment . 3. Men of Truth : Men of Integrity , hating False Judgment . 4. Such as hate Covetousness : If not , they 'l take Bribes , and sell Justice . 2. Moses ' s Charge . 1. His Universal Negative , Lev. 19. 5. Ye shall do no unrighteousness in judgment : you shall not respect persons : you shall not fear the face of man. 2. His Universal Affirmative , Deut. 16. 18. 19. and 1. 15 , 16. I charged the judges at that time , saying , You shall judge the people with just judgment : hear the causes of your brethren , judge righteously between every man and his neighbour : hear the small as well as the great : fear not man , for the judgment is God's . But more particularly he charges these Four things . 1. That Judges shall not speak in a Cause to decline after many to wrest judgment : ( i. e. ) Not pervert Justice , out of Popularity , to gratifie a Multitude . 2. Thou shalt not countenance a poor man in his cause ; ( that is , ) Do no unjust thing out of pity : Let not Compassion blind neither : The Rich may not be favoured in oppressing the Poor , nor the Poor ( because such ) rob or injure the Rich. 3. Thou shalt not wrest the judgment of the poor , nor take gifts . 4. They shall not condemn the innocent , nor acquit the guilty . 2. Jehosaphat ' s Famous Charge , recorded 2 Chron. 19. 5 , 6 , 7. He said unto the judges , Take heed what ye do , for ye judge not for man , but for the Lord , who is with you in the judgment ; and let the fear of the Lord be upon you : Shun all iniquity , have no respect of persons , nor take any gifts : that in all things you may be like unto God , the judge of judges , with whom there is no iniquity , nor respect of persons , nor taking of gifts . Now such as those Primitive Rules were for the Election of Judges , and such as the Charge was , such were Judges at first . ( 2. ) What were Counsellors at the beginning ? I do not understand this Name at all to relate to the Practitioners of the Law , whom we so call ; but to Counsellors of State at Court about the Prince , or the Grand Senate or Parliament of a Nation . And the first primitive Pattern of a Counsellor of State to a Prince was Jethro to Moses , who gave him wise and faithful Counsel . Such another was Hushai the Archite to David . Such was Nathan to King Solomon , to the saving of his Life and Kingdom . Such were the good old Men , who stood before him during his whole Reign , by whose Conduct and good Advice himself and his Kingdom so flourished , that Silver and Gold was as plenty as stones in the streets of Jerusalem . Or such Counsellours as David consulted with , even God's Oracles . Thy Testimonies are my Counsellors , Psal . 119. 14. Now from that time that a Nation hath such Judges restored , and a Prince follows the Advice of such Counsellors , may she begin to date her Restauration . 2. Indeed these are both the Instrumental Causes and Essential parts of the Restauration it self , which is the second Position I proposed to discourse of , after I had enquired out and stated who and what those Primitive Judges and Counsellours were . As an Exquisite Master in a Ship , that knows how to make his Observations , and perform his Course , as a provident Steers-man at the Helm : or the Skilful experienc'd Pilot , who knows how to avoid Sylla and Charibdis , contribute all to the safety of the Vessel . Such are Primitive Judges and Counsellors to conduct a Nation into Harbours of Tranquility amd Rest . There are other Subordinate Judges which help to compleat a Restauration , had I time to speak to them . The High Sheriff , though the Grand Executioner of the Law , yet he is a Judge too , and hath his County-Court to sit in . The County-Justices are Judges too ( as Jethro advises ) of smaller Matters that are not too hard for them : For such they are to bring before you who are as Moses himself . These are all necessary , and may shine in their proper inferiour Spheres . But as Diogenes said , Were it not for the Sun , it would be night for all the Stars . You are this Sun that must irradiate and dart beams on them to reflect again on the People . I have set Moses's Primitive Pattern and Charge before you to imitate , which if you observe and follow , it will suffice that you set your selves as Originals for these to copy after . Notwithstanding the great Rivers , which run through a Country , may contain water enough to refresh and fructifie all the Fields they pass by ; yet without trenching smaller Rivulets , to convey and apply them to the remoter corners of the Pastures , they may parch and be barren for all the Streams passing by . Your passage and circuiting through a Land , is as Rivers of Righteousness and mighty Streams of Judgment running down : However these , as the smaller Channels and Trenches , must be also opened and cleansed , or else we cannot flourish . And can we reflect upon our Circumstances , but the very last years Assizes for this County , without a profound Concernment , and almost Tears of Joy for our Deliverance and present Restauration . Then a false Prophet on the Bench for a Judge : For what he there prophesied never did , nor is like to come to pass . A Romish Idolater for a High Sheriff , ready upon a fair opportunity , with his Posse , to execute our Laws , Religion , and her Protestant Professors , to introduce his worse than Pagan Superstitions . For the most part a Crew of perfidious Justices ( of the same stamp ) who to capacitate themselves for the Bench , had in effect promised by the 27 th of November following to betray both God and Man , their Country , Laws , Religion , and Liberties , or to cull out such men for the Senate , as would certainly do it . But O happy Change ! here our Judges in their several Stations now restored as at the first . But this is not the whole of a Nations's Restauration . But , 2. There must be concomitant with Judges , Counsellors too as at the beginning : Therefore Forerius commenting on the words , writes ; Ad foelicitatem Reipublicae non satis putavit , si Judices integri essent , nisi tales & Consilliarios forent : They must be both restored , or almost as good neither . For if these always at the Spring head shall continually poison the Fountain , it will be difficult for a Judge to make Judgment in its uncorrupt purity to stream down in a Country . For what by their interposition for Bribes , out of Malice , Favour , or Friendship ; procuring Sentences against the Innocent ; Reprieves or Pardons for the Guilty , the most enormous Crimes in a Kingdom shall frequently escape unpunished ; and the lesser ( who are Friendless ) as often suffer . The most righteous Sentence shall often take no Effect . Innocent Blood shall cry unrevengd : Glorious Vices connived at ; and Sins , when cloathed in Scarlet , brave it out in the face of the Sun. Therefore as Calvin on the words , Ordinem illum purgabo in quo fontem malorum esse dixi . Hitherto I have consider'd Judges and Counsellors as a necessary essential part of a People's Restauration . It remains now to cousider them as Instrumental Causes , which I shall treat of under the third and fourth General Heads proposed at first to be discoursed on , ( viz. ) 3. The Order and 4. The Nature of a Church or Nation 's Restauration , or Ruine . And how far Judges and Counsellors Influence , and are Instrumental Causes of both . 1. The Influence of good Counsellours on a Church or Nation 's Prosperity , is and ever has been most visible in every Age and in all Nations , and may be most convincingly demonstrated from the sad Effects , dismal and satal Consequences Nations have smarted under by the Conduct and Advice of wicked ones , to the utter ruine both of Prince and People . What a flourishing Kingdom was Egypt ( when the Nations round about were like to perish ) through the faithful Counsel and Conduct of Joseph ? Whilst Jehoiadah lived to advise King Joash , himself and his Kingdom flourished ; but ( after his death ) following the wicked Advice of his flattering Counsellors , never greater Calamities befel a People . Wicked Counsellors , ruined the Kingdom of Ahab and Ahaziah : His Mother was his Counsellor to do wickedly , after the death of his Father , to his destruction , and subversion of the Government by Athaliah . But most famous and remarkable is the Case of Rehoboam , who upon the Death of Solomon his Father , went up to Sichem to be crown'd King , where multitudes of his Subjects went also to attend the Solemnity , and so took that opportunity of presenting their humble Addresses , That those Invasions made upon their Liberties as Freemen , and Rights as Subjects , might be redress'd . Which the old faithful Counsellors of his Father advised him to do : But he rejected these , and followed the advice of the young men , ( viz. ) To insist upon his Prerogative , to check their Insolence in daring to petition , and threaten them the higher for it , and tell them , He was resolved to make their Yoke heavier ; That his little Finger should be heavier than his Father's Loins : And whereas before they were chastised with Whips , he would henceforth lash them with Scorpions . When his Subjects heard this , and found that their humble Address was become their greater Crime , and a Reason for heavier Oppressions , they make a general Revolt , and unanimously cry out , What Portion have we in David , neither have we Inheritance in the Son of Jesse : Now see to thy own House , O David ; to thy Tents , O Israel ; ( that is ) Though Rehoboam be the Grandchild of David , the King that God himself chose and set over us , and he be the indisputable Heir Apparent to the Crown of Israel , and to the House of his Father David ; yet if he pervert the Ends of Government , which are to protect , relieve , and defend , and is resolved to go on to enslave and oppress , What is he to us more than another ? Or his Descent , or House ? We have no part or portion in him . Let him look to himself and his own House , and we will go home and look to our selves and ours : To thy Tents , O Israel . And so they unanimously left and deposed him , and made Jeroboam the Son of Nebat King over Israel . And this God ( in this case ) seems to encourage and approve of as his own Act , 1 Kings 12. 24. This is from me , saith the Lord , therefore oppose it not . And what the dreadful Church and Kingdom distracting Effects are of wicked Counsellors about a Prince , is fresh in our Memories , having so lately experimented the result of Conclave Romish , French , and Italian inslaving Counsels from abroad , Petrean and Jesuitical undermining Counsellors at home , which had reduced us to such Circumstances , that we were all at the very brink of Destruction : And it was the Lord's Mercies we had not been all consumed . Wherefore Forerius tells us , ( Mallet iniquum Regem optimis Consultoribus Reipublicae praeesse , quàm justum & sapientem iniquis Concilliariis constipatum . ) And blessed be that God , who has turned all the Counsels of these Ahitophels into Folly , broken the Snare in pieces , and we are escaped , and restored unto our Faithful Counsellors 〈◊〉 at the beginning . But remembring I am not preaching to these at Court , or to the Senate at Westminster , but to Judges at an Assize , this little shall suffice . And I shall now address my self more closely and particularly to my second General , which is , 2. What Influence the Restauration of Primitive Judges have upon the Prosperity of Church and State. ( 1. ) Upon our State and Civil concerns . After or upon the Restauration of these , it follows , That our Cities shall be called Cities of Righteousness , faithful Cities . Countries and Cities were usually called by the Names , or at the pleasure of their first Discoverers , Inhabiters or Founders : so Judea from Judah , Britain from Brutus , Rome from Romulus , London or Ludstown from King Lud ( Jerum , or rather ) Jebusalem from the Jebusites . Yet after many places have received superadditional Epithets and Denominations , new Names from Acoidents , Customs , Virtues , or Vices predominant amongst their Inhabitants . Thus degenerate Rome in the Scripture is frequently called Babylon , the Mother of Harlots and Fornie●atib●s , because she is become the habitation of Devils and of every foul Spirit , and a Cage of unclean Beasts . Thus Jerusalem is called Sodom and Gomorrah , a Harlot and treacherous City , when the sins of those places were committed and tolerated in her . Hence it comes to pass , that from good or bad Judges , places may be denominated , and accordingly change their Names . Where Religion is profaned , Wickedness abounds , Vice flourishes , Sins are impude 〈…〉 ly committed , and Judges being Atheists or Galleo's , that care for none of these things to punish or reform . Such Cities or Places may be called Sodom and Gomorrals , treacherous and perfidious in forsaking God. But where by the impartial , strict Administration of Justice by upright Judges , the good are encouraged , the wicked punished ; Vice is asham'd , or dares not to be seen : Sin sculks in corners 5 and though cloathed in Scarlet , yet openly exposed and whipped the streets . Religion , Piety , and Vertue being encourag'd , flourish ; the Poor , the Widow , and the Orphan rejoyce , and no Clamours for Injustice and Oppressions are heard in the high places . Here Cities may be called Faithful Cities , Cities full of Righteousness . But to prevent Mistakes here , know , that though Denominations are usually à major● , yet they are not so in this case . For though the Stigmatizing , Pilloring , and Whipping of some , and Executing of others , be duly observed every Assizes , and a Judge has done ten thousand just Acts , yet he shall not be hence denominated a just Judge ( ad totum , but only ad tantum ) for the whole , but for so much . But if he has done but one unjust Act in the whole course of his Judgship , he shall be thence denominated an unjust Judge . As a Man who has conversed with Thousands in the whole course of his life , and never did the least injury to any Soul breathing ; yet if after all he kill but one Man , he is denominated a Murtherer for ever . For those common Acts of Justice on certain Malefactors , being so absolutely necessary for the preservation of the common Good , humane Society and Interest , that they cannot ordinarily be omitted , without rendring our Cities and Country Colonies of Caniblas , Wildernesses for the Owl and Satyr to dance in ; Desarts fill'd with Lions and Tigers to prey upon , and devour each other . No Civis or Civitas can , without divesting themselves of their Names and very Essence , Interest , Sence and Reason , be so degenerate , as frequently to protect these from the hands of Justice , without being devour'd themselves . And therefore against common notorious Malefactors , the most Barbarous Nations have enacted Laws . And the most unjust Judges must , and do ordinarily give Sentence . So that for a judge to do common Acts of Justice , as he cannot avoid , does not denominate him a Primitive Judge , nor a City restored or righteous . But these Names are obtain'd when Justice is universally administred , without the least exception , as to any one individual Act , Time , Place or Person whatsoever . For by One unjust Act the Judg has lost his Name , and is undone for ever . Thus in that one piece of Injustice , contrived and managed between Ahab the King , Jezehel the Queen , and their corrupt Judges , against the Life and Freehold of Naboth , to seize both , under the specious pretence of a legal Trial ; the Judg of Judges thunders out a dreadful Sentence : Hast thou killed , and taken possession ? in the place where dogs licked the blood of Naboth , shall dogs lick thy blood , even thine , O Ahab : and I will rent the kingdom from thy posterity , and cut off from thy house every one that pisses against the wall . And as for the Queen , Dogs shall eat the flesh of Jezebel by the wall of Jezreel : ( i. e. ) The Wall that enclosed Naboth ' s Vineyard . For one Barbarity committed by the Citizens of Gibeah , and connived at by their Judges , their City was burnt with Fire , their Citizens slain with the Sword , and 25000 Benjamites , Men of Valour , cut off . For one Wickedness committed by two of their Nobles , Zimry and Cosby , not punished by the Judges , God cut off 24000 by the Plague , and would not be pacified until Justice was done on them both by Phineas . Eli , for the most part a Righteous Judg , yet forgetting his Integrity and Duty , as such , but in one act , out of a Fatherly fondness , in not punishing the wickedness of his Children , God threatned to judg his House for ever , and to do such a thing upon it in Israel , as would make the ears of them that heard it to tingle : and that this his iniquity shall not re purged by sacrifice or by offering . Now if for one unjust unpunished Wickedness committed by the Citizens of Gibeah ; For one suspence of Justice on the Nobles , Zimry and Cosby ; For one partial fond neglect in the good old Judg , Eli ; For the unjust seizure of but one Naboth's Freehold , or Vineyard , in the whole Reign of Ahab ; For the shedding of but one innocent Vriah's Blood in the whole Reign of David , Themselves , their Families , their Cities , and People were made Monuments of Divine Justice ; what can we expect the dreadful fatal Consequences should be of such variety of repeated acts of injustice in one Reign ? Between High-Commission Judges , who bidding defiance to all Law and Conscience too , can boldly dare to seize more than 40 Naboth's Vineyards , or Freeholds , in a Morning ; and dispensing Judges , who can encourage Witnesses , help Pact Juries , and by ( for ever to be abominated ) wicked Innuendo's , infer what Evidence they please , to shed the Innocent Blood of Russels , Sidneys , or Cornishes , or whomsoever else they have a design to murder ; and commit the greatest of Robberies in the Face of the Sun , on Cities and Towns , in violent wresting from them their Immunities and Charters ; on the Estates of the Nobility and Commons , by unreasonable , illegal , exorbitant ruining Fines ; and commit the most unheard-of execrable Barbarities on the Persons of others , by inhumane , merciless torturing , and slavish punishments , ever abhorr'd by the compassionate Genius of the English ; foreign to their Laws , and Anteslavish Constitution of their Government ; destructive to their Birthright and Freedom , and undigestable to their generous Tempers ; who can easily submit to due and regular Chastisements ; but being unaccustom'd to over-heavy slavish Burdens , can't endure Rehoboam's lashing with Scorpions . Tho there were some , who either out of Interest , or through ignorant , indiscreet and intemperate Zeal , were ever pressing for an absolute Obedience without reserve , ( no , not for Religion or God himself ) tho without any other effect on the People , than to render both themselves and their Arguments equally ridiculous and despicable , and prompt them almost to throw off that Obedience which was really due , because they contended for one which was most absurd . For whilst they mounted and stretched the Doctrine of Passive Obedidience as high as that of the Bow-string , they sunk Christianity as low as Mahometanism : and yet even these will not always submit themselves to this their own Doctrine , as is manifest by their last Years deposing their Legitimate Grand Signior . And these very Men amongst us have also hereby dashed their Prince from that Precipice on which they vainly pretended to mount him , and brought both our Church and Nation into such a desperate forlorn Condition , that a clear Stage was offer'd for Rome and the Jesuits once more to play a Prize for Three famous Kingdoms , as Booty for St. Peter's Patrimony , or the Virgin 's Dowry , ( as they say England is ) ; which being a small branch of their Revenue , might do well to buy Tackle , Hooks and Lines for the Fisherman at Rome to angle for more Kingdoms , or Pins to dress the Lady at Loretto so amiably , as to to allure more Rivals . In these Circumstances , was it not a Miracle of Mercy and Goodness that prevented our being as Admah and Zeboim , our Land a Desolation , and our Cities a heap , because we were already become as Babylon , a habitation of Devils , and a Cage of unclean Birds ; and so might have been properly denominated a treacherous Harlot , rather than by such a Restoration , as this now vouchsafed us of Judges and Counsellors as at first , gone forth to settle our Foundations , so long out of Course ; to cleanse both Bench and Court , and all our Borders from all their Impurities and Injustice ; to help up our Laws again , to trample on their Dispensers , to take care that Punishments and Rewards may run in their proper Channel , the Life and Soul of Government . And the Publick Administration of Affairs in such Hands as will never rob Caesar of his due , nor his Subjects of all that is dear to them . Whereby we have a fair prospect , and grounded hopes , that our Cities in a short time will become , and may really be called Cities of Righteousness , Faithful Cities . 2. I come now to consider what influence the Restoration of Primitive Judges and Counsellors have on our Religious Concerns ; for they conduce not only to the prosperity of Jerusalem the City , but also of Sion the Church . For cum factum fuerit in eâ Judicium , redimetur Sion : When Judgment shall be administer'd in her , Sion shall be redeemed ; Or , as the Arabick Version , Post Judicium , salvabitur Sion : After Judgmen texecuted , Sion shall be saved . So that 't is plain there must be Judges restored before Judgment , and that Judgment must be executed before Sion can be redeemed . And 't is repugnant to Sense and Reason , as well as Religion , that since not a Nation , much less a Church , can be restor'd and flourish , but by executing Judgment in Righteousness , because sin and injustice are the dishonour and shame of a People . Every unjust Act is a blow at the Root , and high affront to the true Religion , which was planted in Righteousness , and must be built up in Judgment . Rapines , Perjuries , Violence and Injustice , are proper Materials for the building up of Babel , the Synagogue of Satan ; not of Sion , the Temple of God. Truth and Falshood , Good and Evil , Light and Darkness , Righteousness and Injustice , will never Cement , but like contrary Qualities , they 'l dissolve or blow up the whole Fabrick . We may as easily bring together in a Building the North-Pole and the South , and raise it up by heaping on Banrels of Gunpowder , intermix'd with flaming Fire-brands , instead of Bricks , and cement it with Pitch and Sulphur for Mortan . False Religions ( I know ) are founded and propagated on Maxims and Practices of Injustice and barbarous Cruelties . Thus the Worshippers of Baal are bound to launce themselves with knives . The Worshippers of Moloch must make their Sons pass through the Fire for Burnt-Offerings to him . The Americans sacrifice Men to their Viracoca . And most of the Islanders in the Bay of Mexico , did both eat and sacrifice Men to their Idols . And at this day Mahomet's Alcoran instructs his Votaries by Fire and Sword , Devastation of Cities and Kingdoms , with all manner of inhumane Barbarities , to force Men to embrace his impious execrable Religion . But above all , the Romish in these things seem to exceed . Their Purgatory , Penances , Whippings , Fastings , Pilgrimages , Watchings , with multitudes of other childish , senseless , unwarrantable Fopperies of the Devil's invention , to plague or imploy their Votaries about , tho intolerable in themselves , yet are as nothing when compared with their bloody Inquisition , their Heretick-burning Doctrines , and bloody Massacres : As of Scores of Thousands at Rochel and in Ireland , in the Vallies of Piedmont and England too , as well as other places in the Ages just past . Their yesterdays brutish Cruelties in Savoy and in Franoe , by Sword , by Fire , by Tortures , by Imprisonment , by Banishment , by Dragooning Men out of their Houses , Lands , Estates , Country and Lives too . And he knows little of Rome , that doth not know , that Death and She are like in this , that one spares no Man Living , and the other no Heretick breathing , as she calls the best of Christians . A Religion so diametrically opposite to the true , that 't is the very reverse of all that the holy Jesus instituted , taught or practised , of whom it was prophesied , that he should judge the People with Righteousness , and the Poor with equity , and break in pieces the Rod of the Oppressors ; so that the Mountains should bring Peace , and the little Hills Righteousness . Which was fulfilled when he came : For the Angels celebrating his Birth , proclaimed Perce on Earth , and good Will towards Men. And after he himself declar'd his Burthen to be light , his Yoke easie ; That he came not to destroy , but to save Mens lives , by destroying the works of Darkness , and bringing in a holy spiritual Worship of the one only living and true God , to the utter extirpation of all Idolatry , and final destruction of all their Apollo's and Jupiter's Temples , and silencing their Oracles , and from thenceforth to establish a more entire union between Man and Man , founded in Innocence , Charity , Mercy and Justice . So that it plainly appears from the Nature , Principles , Doctrine and Practices of true Religion and false , being so contradictory to each other , that the proper Methods and Instruments for the building up of the one , are and must be destructive to the oother ; and that the true being founded on principles of Truth , Righteousness and Judgment , the Restoration of such Judges as duly execute these , must influence and conduce to the prosperity of the true Church : for Sion must be redeemed with Judgment , and her Converts with Righteousness . As the Result of the whole , I descend to my Fourth and last Inference . 4. Since both Church and State reap so great Advantages by the Restoration of primitive Judges and Counsellors , a People are highly obliged , when thus restor'd , without Murmuring , to bless God for both . And our Nation being thus restor'd from such forlorn Circumstances as we were lately in , a Man would think there was no room left for Murmur or Scruple about this our blessed Restoration , urged by Necessity , carried on by Miracle , and perfected by the Universal Consent of all that love God , their Religion and Country : Wherefore Justice , Equity and Gratitude calls upon us to give the Glory , Honour and Praise to that God who is the primary Author of all ; and next under him , to acknowledg that glorious Instrument in his Hand , by which he hath wrought for us so great Salvation , and teach us a ready submission to one , who under God hath snatched us out of the Jaws of so great Destruction , and put us into the actual possession of our Laws , Liberties , Religion and Properties , and all that was dear to us in this World , and we hope may make us happy in the next ; and still weilds the Sword , to support and defend us in the enjoyment of all that he has thus acquir'd for us . Is it now possible , that from Dan to Beersheba , from Berwick to the Mount , there should be found amongst us one Tobias , or Sanballat , who when they heard , that the Walls of Jerusalem were to be made up , and the House of the Lord to be repair'd should conspire to hinder and repine at it ? O my God ( saith Nehemiah ) think thou upon Tobias and Sanballat . Had the greatest Deliverance which ever God vouchsafed to Mortals , wanted such , it would have been too strange to have been believ'd now ( O horrendum infandum Nefas ) ! But as there are a sort of Men , that no Man , nor themselves , know what they would have , or what to make of , so not Heaven what to do with , how to satisfy or humour . If they are distress'd , they groan , complain , and cry for Deliverance . But when deliver'd , they clamour at the Method , Manner or Means , That God deliver'd them in his own way , not in theirs . Thus Naaman is angry at the Means of his Cure , why God would not make the Waters of Damascus as effectual as those of Jordan . Dathan , Abiram and Corah , quarrel with the Instruments of their Deliverance , Moses and Aaron , why they must be the Men rather than others . When Israel was in Egypt , they groan'd under their slavish Burthens . When deliver'd , ungratefully said , Would to God we had not come up thence . When they began to want , they repined and wish'd they had died in Egypt . When reliev'd , and fed with Quails and Manna , Angels Food ; they loath'd it , and long'd for the Offals of Egypt . When the Army of Israel was defied by Goliah , they cry for help . God sends them David , to deliver them , but they despise the Stripling . Before he fought the Champion , Saul will give him his Daughter , or any thing , if he conquer . When he had destroy'd him , and saved both the King and his Kingdom , he throws his Javelin at him to kill him . Thus when lately Rome threatned our Church with Idolatry , France our Nation with Slavery ; A corrupt pack'd Bench ready to decree it ; An Army encamp'd ready to enforce it ; A Prince resolute enough to attempt it ; Then all , as fill'd with Discontent , and sunk in Despair , murmur out their Complaints , That their Religion is lost , their Laws dispens'd with and gone , the Government Arbitrary , the Nation ruined , and themselves all undone ; and cry out , Help , Lord , or else we perish . God heard , and sent his Angel , and deliver'd us , and we are restor'd as at the first , and in the beginning , in so transcendent a manner , far beyond what in Reason we could wish or hope for , without Effusion of Blood , or Devastation of our Cities , that all must say , It was the Lord's doing , and it is wonderful in our Eyes . And we being thus deliver'd , what is the meaning of all these Lowings and Bleatings in our Ears , Discontents and Murmurings , as tho' we design'd to confront Heaven , stubbornly to rebel against Providence , charge the most High with Injustice , and dare his Vengeance ? 'T is just as if when God sent Samuel to tell Saul , that for his ill Government He had this day rent the Kingdom of Israel from him , and given it to David his Son-in-law , that was more righteous than himself , by whose hands He was resolv'd to save his People , and they had again replied , We will not be saved after this manner , by God's deposing the Father , and setting up his Son : Save us by Saul in our own way , as best agrees with our Humours , or save us not at all . How must this have provoked the holy One of Israel to have destroy'd until he had made an end , and their Land a Desolation ! Yet such as these may be found amongst us , as Fighters against God. For ? ( 1. ) There are some Repiners , who , biass'd by a Corrupt Religion , bear no good Will to our Sion ; For they know if the Ark of God be restor'd and set up , their Dagon must be removed and thrown down . ( 2. ) There are others repine , because our common Restauration is not their private Interest ; as those that made Silver-Shrines for Diana , and by that Craft get their Wealth , may not be wondred at in being so zealous to support her Temple . The ground of that grand Uproar at Ephesus , and it may be the true Reason of our present Discontents at home . Tho' 't is Conscience and Sacrifice , with Saul , that are the pretended Reasons of their murmuring Disobedience ; yet these will no more justifie their Rebellions against God's Providential Acts and Deliverances , than Saul's did . Nor render their Crimes better than his , even as the Sin of Witchcraft , because the Christian Religion being a Doctrine of Submission and Obedience to the Powers that are , doth not involve the Consciences of private Christians about the Title of Princes , but only assure them , that the Powers that are , they are of God , and therefore must be obeyed . Neither can their Pretensions ( with the Jews ) of being bound under an Oath to ( kill Paul ) murther their Religion , Laws , and Country , or stand by one that will , which is all one , justify them in so villanous an Act , or give them the least Merit or Reputation by their refusal to renounce such Obligations , and to promise Faith , Obedience , and Assistance to that Glorious Instrument sent by God to save us . And is therefore just ground to conclude what their Designs are ; and Reason for the Government to reject them not only as useless , but pernicious and dangerous ( ne pars sincera trahatur . ) But in truth , I rather believe all to proceed from Caution and Interest , than Conscience . Things may be of doubtful Issue , not being yet fully decided , and by a bare Suspension , they undergo no greater loss for the present , than what the Hearts of some could wish for to turn their Charges into sine Cures . And having yet time enough to prevent any loss by a deprivation for the future , in hopes before that time all may settle , and they enabled to make the wiser Choice , and effectually secure their Interest , let the Issue be what it will. But if there be any that can at last for sake all upon so gross a mistake , I will towards such exercise the Charity due to weaker Brethren , and hope the best . But to lay aside the gilded Pretensions of some , the blinded Passions and corrupt private Interests of others , as no Guides for us to walk by ; it will become us in Duty with all humble and grateful Acknowledgment , Hearts full of Joy , and Mouths filled with Hosanna's , to ascribe the Praise , the Honour , and Glory of all to that God , by whose right Hand we have been hitherto preserv'd and restor'd both in Church and State , lest that by murmuring on , their Doom become ours , who after all their miraculous Deliverances out of the Hands of their Enemies , were sentenc'd at last to die in the Wilderness , there to perish , and never enter into his Rest . I come now to apply the whole , and conclude . Having hitherto endeavour'd to parallel our present Restauration , and to shew the Influence Primitive Judges and Counsellours may have on it : As also to characterise , limn , and present you with their Pictures . Now , Sir , 't is your part , if ( as I hope ) you are such a one , to shew us the Substance of this Shadow , the very Life it self . You are come forth in this the time of our universal Restauration ; the Eyes of the People are upon You ; they hope for , and expect better and greater things . Disappoint them not ; so as that when they look for Judgment , behold Iniquity ; for Righteousness , but behold Oppression . Let it be no longer proverbially said , ( Visim● C●l●stum terra● Astrea reliquit ) That Justice is fallen asleep , or hath forsaken our Country . Jericho was a pleasant Scituation , but the Waters , we read , were naught and bitter . England is such another Scituation : let every one of you be as another Elishah , to sweeten and meliorate our Waters , so that our Rivers may be as Streams of Righteousness and Judgment running down . You have heard the dismal , fatal Consequences of but one Act of Injustice in a Judg's Life : Be then universally Righteous , lest you provoke a greater than He , who swore by the Rivers , and said , ( Qui Fulm●n , Qui vos habeóque reg●qu● . Perdendum est mortale Genus ) I will rend the World in sunder , and ruine Mortals . Wherefore put on Zeal as a Cloak , and Righteousness as a Breast-plate ; quit your selves like more than Men ; like Gods , whose Name you bear , and whom you personate : Be holy as he is holy ; be just as he is just . Loose the bonds of Wickedness ; undo the heavy Burthens ; let the Oppressed go free . Hold not the Sword in vain : Be a Terrour to evil , repining , invidious Murmurers at our Prosperity : ( Such as could say , Aha , so would we have it , when our Jerusalem was like to have lain in the Dust ) that at length all the Wicked may be asham'd and confounded , but the Righteous may lift up their Heads and rejoice : ( Surgat Gens Aurca ) Begin the Golden Age again . Thus shall you build up the old waste places for the present , and raise them for many Generations to come : Thus shall you make an Atonement for our Land , the Inheritance of the Lord , that his Wrath may be turned away . Thus , if your Righteousness go before you , the Glory of the Lord shall be your Rearward . Thus , if you come up to the Primitive Patern set before you , your selves will become as Originals to all who in After-Ages shall survive you . Thus you will make our Cities not only be called , but really become Cities of Righteousness , Faithful Cities . Thus you will be the happy Instruments to redeem our Sion , our Church of England , with Judgment , and all her Converts with Righteousness . Since ye know these things , happy shall ye be , if ye do them . FINIS . Notes, typically marginal, from the original text Notes for div A34713-e400 2 Chron. 24. 17 , 18 Jos . lib. ● . c. 8. 2 Chron. 25. 2 , 3. 2 Chron. 25. 14. Jos . lib. 9. c. 10. 2 Chron. 25. 27. All●n . pag. 163. Brough . Chron. Hen. Clap. pag. 84. 2 Chron. 25. 4 , 5. 2 Chron. 26. 18. 19. Jo 〈…〉 . 2 Kings 14. 5. Jos . lib. 9. c. 11. Allen. pag. 117. Lib 9. cap. 11. 2 Chron. 27. 5 , 6. Luke 4. 19. Dan. 4. 32. Psal . 127. 1 , 2. Prov. 19. 21. Isaiah 44. 28. Dan. 5. 25 , 26 , 27. Jer. 18. 6 , 7 , 8. Luk. 18. 2. Seld. dejur . li. 7. c. 6. & de Syned . lib. 1. c. 15. Dr. Iones . de Jud. p. 27. Seld de Syned . lib. 1. c. 15. Exod. 13. 7. Exod. 18. 19. Judg. 2. 16 Exod. 18. 13. Exod. 18. 25 , 26. Psal . 2 Chron. 19. 5. Exod. 23. 2 , 3. 5 , 6. 7. Exod. 18. 19. 2 Sam. 17. 14. 1 Kings 1. 12. 1 Kings 12. 6. Exod. 18. 25 , 26. Alliborn at Reading foretold , that in a short time they would hear their Minister preaching up the King's Right to dispence with Laws . For. pag. 129. Gen. 14. 39. 2 Chron. 24. 1. 17. Jos . lib. 9. cap. 8. 2 Chron. 22. 3 , 4. 1 Kings 12. 1 , 1. 1 Kings 12. 16. 1 Kings 12. 18 , 19. Rev. 7. 5. & 8. 2. Isai . 1. 10. 1 Kings 21 , 19. Numb . 25 , 8 , 14 , 15. 1 Sam. 3. 13. 11. 12. Apoc. Cal. Pa●●p . Prov. 14. 24. 1 Kings 18. 28. Pot. Ma● pag. 97. Sir Sam. Mor. Embass . Psal . 72. 2 , 3 , 4. Luke 2. 9. Chi. Hist . P. 253. Hebrai●● puer injungit Divum do minatur , ergo tacens , &c.