id author title date pages extension mime words sentences flesch summary cache txt work_yka5texcs5gghdthaye24v536a Till GrĂ¼ne-Yanoff Appraising Models Nonrepresentationally 2013 13 .pdf application/pdf 5615 568 55 Many scientific models lack an established representation relation to actual targets and Learning from a model M, I suggest, is constituted by a change in confidence in certain hypotheses, justified by reference In the cases discussed here, however, the knowledge processed by the model is different: it contains beliefs about possible entities, processes, or properties, which cannot be obtained by establishing an adequate representation of the model to actual target systems. having a certain property, produced by a possible process from actual background conditions !what Forber #2010$ calls "local" how-possibly explanations". Thus, the model system that produces the segregation pattern is not established as an adequate representation of any real-world system. Thus, the model produces the behavioral phenomenon from two merely possible elements, neither of which is justified actual initial conditions through a set of possible model processes. However, Trivers's model does not employ actual but rather possible background conditions. ./cache/work_yka5texcs5gghdthaye24v536a.pdf ./txt/work_yka5texcs5gghdthaye24v536a.txt