id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentences	flesch	summary	cache	txt
work_lvx7eovldrggtkdlxswgqmqzba	S. Okasha	Multi-Level Selection, Covariance and Contextual Analysis	2004	24	.pdf	application/pdf	10968	743	57	unstructured population, where selection can only operate on fitness differences between individual organisms. simple covariance approach to group selection. Therefore, the simple covariance approach says that group selection requires So the contextual approach detects no group selection, while the simple fitness is a function of individual phenotype alone, there is no group selection, organisms with the same individual character will differ in fitness if their group issue between the covariance and the contextual approaches to group selection. between the contextual and the covariance approaches has a number of interesting ramifications for the levels of selection debate. It implies that genic selection requires fitness differences between genes within individual organisms, which corresponds precisely However, what if we favour the contextual approach to group selection? However, the contextual approach to group selection However, the contextual approach to group selection On the contextual approach, if there is no group selection, this means that	./cache/work_lvx7eovldrggtkdlxswgqmqzba.pdf	./txt/work_lvx7eovldrggtkdlxswgqmqzba.txt