id author title date pages extension mime words sentences flesch summary cache txt work_ex26hg2wnneulmgk62rew5uai4 J Woodward Explanation and invariance in the special sciences 2000 58 .pdf application/pdf 29452 1272 49 words, for a generalization to count as invariant there must exist some interventions (satisfying the conditions (M1)–(M4)) for variables figuring in the in Section 4 how the fact that (3) is not an invariant change-relating generalization underlies this judgment of irrelevance. which (13) is invariant is a proper subset of the range of changes and interventions over which the generalizations (14) of the deeper engineering theory clear that there are many changes and interventions over which these generalizations will fail to be invariant. of information that we expect successful explanations to provide, why generalizations like the ideal gas laws or Maxwell's equations are formulated in their interventions and changes in background conditions over which these generalizations are invariant) rather than of kind. reflect this continuity by extending the notion of a law to cover all generalizations that are invariant under some interventions and changes in background ./cache/work_ex26hg2wnneulmgk62rew5uai4.pdf ./txt/work_ex26hg2wnneulmgk62rew5uai4.txt