SMMfef ♦ f THE INTEREST O F ENGLAND In the Preservation of . Humbly Prefented to the PARLIAMENT O F ENGLAND. > • By G. P.Efq; Nam tua Res apitur, Paries cum proximus ardet, Et negletta folent Incendia fumere Fires. Licenfed, 1689. J. Frajer. LONDON; Printed for fjic'fl I lee no Commiffion to demand the Sword, would you have me caft it over the Cafile Walls? I fay in this J mil tire, any one eminent Perfon, attended with a fmall Party, and furnifhed with a reafonable Pro- pert ion of Arms and Mony, had without blows , or jlaughter, Epiftle DecRcatory. tlaughter, feeurecl the Kingdom of Ireland, in their Allegiance to the prefent Ring and Queen; and with much Eafe prevented, and curled the infult ory Infurreftions in Scotland, But alas ! while the Parliament are lujie in dif- courling, and debating the Bufnefs of Ireland, the Clergy are for the mcfl Part filent; tlx one Votes for them, hit I do not hear, that the other Prays for them; the miferies of Ireland are Remembred in the Parliament-Houfe, but Seldom mentioned in the Pulpit- being omitted in their Addreffes to the Throne of Mercy, by a very regardlefs Pre¬ tention. For my Part, I had neither taken upon me the Confidence to wake this Addrels, nor given the world the Trouble of this undigefted Pamphlet fhudled o- ver in haft, and without the Advantages of Study 9 Books , Advice, or Retirement) but that a fort of Men no way confiderable in number, or fotereft, per. verfe in their Humor, as Flattering in their judg¬ ments, aflame a Liberty to retail their raw and un¬ concealed Notions in CofTee-Houfes {where Men pre¬ tend a Priviledge yo fay any thing but their Pray¬ ers J and with as little Charity as Difcretion, to arraign the Judgment, and cenfure the Actions of the Irifli Proteftant-Refuges, and feverely to up- braid them with their Banilhment and Poverty, as the dijferved Ejfetts of their own Perverfnels, in not Submitting to him, who deferted tie principal Kingdom, and reftlefs himfelf in that which is Sub - ordinate. Nayfome have proceeded to that degree of uncharitable Frenzy, that they have belched out their The Interefl of England the Preferva- tion of Ireland. V ■ '• . , '-'a. ; . ■ a , \ ; . J. f V ,-t; ; , From thefe Confiderations. . I. The Advantage to the Kingdom of England in general. r. By the Revenue, z. The Fertility, and Plenty. 3. The.Number. 4* The Religion. 5. The Consanguinity, and Affinity. 6, The ImployinentsEcelefiafticaljQ- viland Military. -. S 'J r.> v:. y;.) '/■(inch h v' I II. The Advantage to the Trade of England. i* By the Scituation. 2. The Exportation. .3. The Importation. 4. The Ingenuity of the Inhabitants. k . The Benefit to the KING. . III. The Danger of falling into the Hands of the French. 1. By Ingrofling all Trade. z.By Intercepting the Trade of Eng¬ land. 3. By Interrupting the Peace of Eng¬ land. THE - "i 1 J : % i ) V\ \ X\ \ \ ^ - / , r < THE Intereft of ENGLAND, * IN THE » * ' ' " J < • Prcfervation of IRELAND. • ' ■ f (Li : . ;>;iTb.'jf; o; v 0 . . r—. : — The Introduction. ?fj{. _ , ; ffj ;• . '• * •*, ,T , -?A • i A * THERE were two things which mainly con¬ tributed to the Ruine and Defolation of Ireland, and reduced it to that deplorable Condition, under which it now languifh- eth; Refiftance, and Non-Refiftance. The latter fprung from a fond and tame fubmiffion to the Arbitrary Government in Ireland ; the other was occafion'd by a vain and fruitlefs Expectation of Relief from England. If the People of that Country had not been over-lavilh in their Loyalty, they had not been fo unfortunate in their Oppofition. In the Reign of King JAMES, they were unreafonably pajfive; in the Reign of King WIL L IA M they have been unprofperoufly aftive. Strange Fate! To be Lofers by the One, and not to be Gainers by the Other ! To bepofeft of their Eftates under a Popifh Prince ; and to be kept out of them un¬ der a Trot eft ant! Had they been independent, and trufted to their own Legs, poffibly they had Rood firm 2 The lntroduttiou. at this Day : but they are miferably overthrown, by leaning too much on their Supporters. If there wTere any room in our Church for Merits, the Protertants off Ireland would be intituled to a great Stock, for iuffering under King J AMES; and for acting under King W I'L LIA M: but alas! they are defpifed for the one, and derided for the other : fo difficult a mat¬ ter it is to walk fteddily upon the uneven furface of fublunary Places; here you encounter a Precipicet there a Quagmire : That very way which feemed the diredt Road tt> Safety and Tranquility, may perhaps lead you into inextricable Troubles, and often ends in certain Mifery and Deftrudtion. When the Late King (in purfuance of his Defign to fulvert that Church, which He complemented with the Character of Loyalty , and as folemnly promifed to defend and fupport it) was fo far dirtradted by per¬ nicious Counfel, to proftitute the Kingdom of Ireland to the licentious Will of a Jefuitical Tyranny ; and to make an Ellay of fetling that Idolatrous Worffiip there, which was too early, and unfeafonable for Him to at¬ tempt in England: when the Sword was put into the Hands of a bigotted Zealot, and more than a million of Britifh Proteflants lubjedted to the Dominion of an Irifh Papifl; there was no Murmur heard, no muti¬ nous Whifpers fpread abroad to difcompofe the People, or affront the Government : men figh'd, and fubmit- ted; they groaned, and gave Obedience, with a pa¬ tient Resignation to the Will of God, and the Com¬ mands of the King : The Protertants through the King¬ dom were difarm'd,' the Officers of the Army were diverted of their Commiffions; the Soldiers disbanded and cafliier'd, ftript anddifarm'd, without demanding a Reafon for fuch unwarrantable Dealings, or difpu- ting The Tntrocfufiton) ting the Pleafureof their Superiors : thQ^Papiftsweve obtruded into the Privy Council, and Chief Mifliftry of State ; all Juftices of the Peace were fuperfeded, who did not carry the Mark of the Beajl: the Publick Revenue committed to fuch Hands, as would furely imploy and improve it to the final extirpation of Here- ticks; yet all things proceeded in afilent Calm, with¬ out Noife, or Grumbling: where Mafs houfes were erected, and publickly frequented ; no man offer'd to pull d wn their Altars : where the Fryers walk'd the Streets in their uncouth Habits; no man threw Dirt at them : the Popifli Religion was prohibited by Law ; yet never contravened by Force : The People abomina¬ ted that Superfluous Way ; yet never expreft their Refentments by Rage, or Difcontent: The Charters of their Towns and Corporations were condemned and vacated ; yet no fpark of Sedition was kindled among the Inhabitants : The famous Atl of Settlement was daily eluded; Pofleffion and Property were no. fuffi- cient Guard againft Irifh Incroachments; yet no man incurr'd the Penalty of a forcible Deteiner: the Do- Urine of Non-ref(lance ( which was fo frequently preach'd in other Places ) was there actually and re¬ ally prailifed; and Obedience) if there be not a Con¬ tradiction in the Terms) was truly pajfive. Thus poll¬ ing themlelves under the Covert of Privacy, and Retirement, they filently expected a Day of Delive¬ rance from the Appointment of Heaven, without the interpofition of any Humane Machinations. In this Poflure Affairs flood in Ireland, during tho Jhort (if it had not been fharp) Reign of King JAMES: and fo probably they had continued, at leaft for fome time, after the miraculous Revolution in England. But He, having Abdicated the Government, and deferted the B z Throne, The IntroJuttion. Throne] and unnaturally truckt One Kingdom with that Ghriftian Monfter of furkijh Barbarity, for the empty Hopes of re-pcffefling the other Two; it feem'd convenient to his Irifh Bafhaw, and the Jefuitic Cabal, to make fure of a retreating Place, and that of Ne- cefTity muft be Ireland; which having formerly been given to the Pope, and by him transferred to the King of Spain, muft now be fold, or mortgaged to the French Ufurpcr ; to facilitate whofe Entry by remov¬ ing allObftacles, the prefent Pofleftbrs muft be put cut of Doors, that fo Livery ancl Seifin might be gi¬ ven, in imitation of the due Form of Law. Hereupon Plots were invented; fevefal Proteftant'Gentlemen were committed to Prifon, Incfkfted, and Tryed for their Lives; abundance 6f Oolmmiftions were iiliied , and the Army multiplied into many Regiments of Horfe and Foot ; for whofe Entertainment, there • V q 7i l . r , ^ 7i , 21 r* f'I (I tvfJ r 1 ]Fi being no Fund, of a growing Revenue, the Goods of the 'Protectants were configned to their fubfiftence; which they did not pilfer by Night, but droVe away whole Flocks and Herds at Nbori-dky; and in dafeof Refiftance, fecuring their Prey by the Murdfer 6f the Owners. Thus the Provirlcd of Munfter was expofed to a Military Execution : Conaught was entirely plunder'd • a ft d'^ had not the.Gates of London¬ derry been opportunely (Hat, When a Regiment of Irifh were ready to enter it, all Vlfier had been un¬ der the fame Fate, and probably had been followed by an Univerfal Maffacre. But the furprizing News of the Prince of Oranges Adventure, and the total Exclufion of Popery and Arbitrary Government :n England, awakenea the Proteftants in Vifter to ft; d upon their Guard ; and animated them with an i flu ranee, That their Redemption was drawing nigh ; fluttering them- ielves, The Introduction. felves with a Confidence, That as they were under the Laws of England^ fo they Ihould be no lefs under their Protettion. They firmly believed, that the lame methods would be taken in Ireland, which had been fo fuccefsfully pradiifed in England ; every puff of a fair Wind, revived them with a fmiling expedition of Succor ; they were eager to retrieve their droop¬ ing Religion from the Jaws of Death; and ready to rally under a Proteftant Standard ; their Numbers were very confiderable, and their Courage grea t; but they were naked and undifciplin'd, they wanted an Expert Leader; and no Aid appear'd to fupportthem : The Deputy having too fure and quick Intelligence of the Tranfa&ions in the Court of England\ and the dilatory PioCeddihgs there, poured a mighty Army into the Bowels of Vlfler, who rifling the deferted Houfes, feizing and carrying away all portable Goods, and exercifing all Cruelty on fuch as did notfubmit to their Prote&ioh, they marched ( or rather chafed the'affrighted People) without Interruption, till they received a flight Chech at Coirane\ and -were fharueful¬ ly bafled at Londonderry. But all the Towns and Forts through the Kingdom ( except that Hurdy place, and its neighbour Enisktlling ) being Garifon'd by Papifts, no Arms nor Horfes permitted to remain with any Prcteffants, (whofe enjoyment of their Lives was wholly precarious, and reverfible at the will of mercilcfs men ); all things concurred to advance thelong-hateh'dDefign, which now began to ripen;, and King James, with a Rabble of French Reformers, intermixt with a few Renegado-Engl/Jh and Scotch landed among his dearly-beloved Injb Catholics , where lie remains under Pupilage to the French; He the Reputed King, and Monfieur d'Avaux the Pro¬ testor., ° I aeed The IntroctulYioil. I need not place any Remarks upon the fupme Negligence and fatal Indifferency demonRrated by Eng¬ land in their cold Concernment, and flow Motions toward the Recovery of Ireland ; it is obvious to eve¬ ry eye ; and if any have been wilfully acceflbry to the Ruin and Depopulation of fo fiourifhing a King¬ dom, everlafting Vengeance will purfue them : I wilh the good People of England may fee in the Mirror of our Misfortunes, that Scheme of Mifery and Ccnfufion which was prepared for them, and which afluredly will be re-ad:ed on their Theatre, if ever the French and Irijh be permitted to tread the Stage. To unde¬ ceive that giddy fort of men, who think to gather Grapes from Thijlles ; to enjoy the Profeflion of the Proteftant Religion under a Popifh King, and the Ad- miniftration of Jefuits; to continue in Peace and Safe¬ ty in this Kingdom, if the other be torn from it ,• I offer the following Confiderations ; which, weigh'd impartially, may help to convince all forts of men, That it is not only the IntereH of England topreferve Ireland, but that it is neceflary for theirfelf-preferva- tion to ufeall imaginable Induflry and Expedition to reduce it to its former State and Condition. 1 ' ... J 1 , v' j * - J " ■ "s - \ ' ■ Oi •r .r- • ? •• ' < I. The The Intereft of England, peculiar TrafEck; but alfo, that by being annexed to England, fubje&ed to the Government, and incorpo¬ rated into its Religion and Laws ; it extends the Do¬ minion, drengthens the Hands, and augments the Wealth of that happy and renowned Nation. Fir [I, let us take notice of the Revenue. I. The REVENVE. The Revenue of Ireland was under a fenfible decli¬ nation from the commencement of the late Kings Reign , occafioned by the daily Decay of Trade, and that by the difcouragement given to Froteflants, thro' whole hands almod the whole Commerce and cur¬ rent Money w as wont to circulate; and at length was fo vifibly impaired, that in the year 1688. the Publick Treafury was utterly exhaufted; and I have no reafon to believe that it has fince that time been recruited by any confiderable Imburfements, ( for I fuppofe the French Money is in a Treafury didindt, and iduable only at the difcretion of the French Dill at or, whofe Orders are not to open his Treafure,till they land in England I) Therefore I deduce my Remarks from the latter end of the Reign of Charles the Second, about which time the Publick Revenue was managed by Commiffioners ap¬ pointed by the King, by whofe Diligence and Applica¬ tion it w as notably improved ; and it confided in di¬ vers Branches, as, Crown-Rents, Hearth-Money. Quit-Rents. ff yVine and Ale Licenfes. Cufioms and Excife. % d.Fines and Forfeitures. Inland-Excife. \ ) Firft- Fruits , &c. of the J ( Clergy. All which did amount, communibus Annis, to about Three Hundred and forty thoufand Founds. Out The Interejl of England, not fo bad and barren as the worjl Parts of the other : Or when I challenge England it felf to fhew fo vafl: aTradt of rich and excellent Land lying together, as is to be feen from Carlingfordall the way to Dublin, from thence (excluding the Mountains of Wicklow) toCarlow; from thence through part of Queens and Kings County, fo crols the*Shannon, and round by Longford to Rofccmmon: in which vaft Trail of Land, at lealt fourfcore Miles fquare, there is not fo much barren Land, as is to be found in two Shires only in England (and not far from Lend in) Berkfhire and Surrey• The Seas are plentifully ilor'd withFifhof all Kinds, and the Markets fupply'd with fuch Plenty and Variety, as might fatiate the Luxu¬ ry and Prodigality of Lucullus: the Loughs are fill'd with Pike, Breme, Pearch, Roach, and Trouts; but the Frefh Rivers fwarm with flupendious Quantities. If men (as juftly they may) fhall become doubtful, fcrupulous, arid incredulous, when I make mention of the extraordinary Pilchard-Fijbings in the South, and the Herring-Fijhings in the North; my Credit will certainly run a great Rifque, and my Veracity be fufpedled, when I relate the Won¬ ders of the Deep, and come to fpeak of the Prodigious Fijbings for Salmon and Eels in the Rivers of Lougfr-foyl9 •and the Bann. If men will ftartle at the Report of fix thoufand Barrels of Pilchards made in one year upon the Coaft of the County of Cork ; or to hear, that in lome Parts of Conaught they take fo great Draughts of them, that, not being provided of Salt to cure them, they lay them in heaps, and manure the Land with them : that (befide the plentiful Fiflung oi Herrings in and about the Bay of Dublin, the Skerryes, Carlingford\ and all the Nor¬ thern CoalY)they have ufually made and'fent away in one year two thoufand Tuns of Herrings from the Angle Fifli- ing at Dunfanagkan : then undoubtedly they will fmile, and ridicule me, w hen I tell them, That there is made commonly III. the NV M Having had no Bufinefs, or Imployment, which might adminifter an Opportunity to infpe& the Catalogues and Returns of Pardhes and Counties, or to view the Poll- Books ; it will not be pofftble for me to make any other than a conje&ural Calculation of the Number of flant Inhabitants in Ireland. But by a model! Computa¬ tion I may adventure to aver, That at the beginning of the Reign of the Late King, there were in the City of Dub lit, and the Four Provinces, above a Million of Bri- tifh Frotejlants. I am confirm'd in this Supposition by a fad Refle&ion upon the PalTages in the Year 1641. at which time the Number of the was very in- confiderable in comparifon with the Natives; and pofli- bly did not amount to the Half of what they were in 1681. yet even then above two hundred , naked and defence lefs People, were maflacred in cold Biood,and barbaroufly murther'd without Provocation, or Refi¬ nance. I reckon, that when the late Revolution hap- ned, there w ere two hundred thoufand men fit to carry Arms, bound to the Interef! of England by the Obliga¬ tions of Religion, Love, Loyalty and ; who may be beneficial in their Service and Aid, when it lliall be re¬ quired ; though of late ( by the apparent Judgment of God) they have been terrified by them, on whom they alway had an awe; routed by fuch, wh'ofe Strength they defpifed ; and difpofieft of their Eflates, without llruglirig for their Property. IV. The great eafe, and pleafant Divertifement, taken up in Loops. All thefe prodigious Quantities of Filh are but collected for the Ufe of England; to whofe Ports, or to whofe Or¬ der, they are yearly configned, and diftributed. V. The Ccnfanguinity and Affiyuty. The Inhabitants of Ireland, ( excluding the Natives of the Land, who always were, and ever will be Thorns in cur Sides ; and who, fince the firft Conqueft of them, were never able to accomplifh that Defign which was bequeathe from Generation to Generation, till this late unhappy Jundure ) do not derive their Pedigree from Strangers; they are the legitimate Offspring of England and Scotland; there is fcarce a Man there of Britilli Extra&ion, except fuch as by very long continuance are degenerated into mere Iri/h, but in one of thofe King¬ doms will Challenge a Father, Brother, or near Kinfman. They are not eff ranged in their Language, Habit, Man¬ ners, or Cuffoms; they retain the natural Propenfions diffeminated from their refpedfive Families, and own a filial Reverence to their Countries, as to their lawful Pa¬ rents ( not their Step mothers ) who not being able to make a competent Provifion for all their IJue at home, have fent fome of their Children abroad, to feek for their Livelihood on the other fide of the Ferry; where in their Manners and Humour, they bear an exad: Refemblance to that Original, whereof they are the Tranfcript ; ex¬ cept only in their profufe Hofpitality, and luxurious Con- fumptionof Meat and Drink ( to which, perhaps, they are inclined by the Conffitution of the Air, or difpofed by the Genius of theCountry, or tempted by the incre¬ dible Plenty and Cheapnefs of all forts of Provifions ) yet in their Language they have gone beyond their Teachers, having refined the Englijh Tongue from the odd Tones, and uncouth words uled in feveral Counties diftant from London ; and reformed the Scotch from the Oownifh Dialed: fpoken by the vulgar People. So that the People of England are bound in Confcience and com¬ mon Reafon, to regard the Englifh in Ireland, as Bone of their Bone, and Flefb of their Flejh; and the Scots as na¬ turalized in the Prefervation of Ireland. ij Thisfo neceflary an Ingredient to the Honour and Felicity of England, has been fignally augmented arid improved by the Trade of Ireland co-incident wirh it, will fuffer a mighty Detriment by the prefent Obflru- ttionol Commerce, and will as eminently g^in by its Revival and Recovery. The Advantage to 'Wade anting from Ireland is dcmcnftrable by thefe Particulars. ; » J » . 1. The Scituation. 2. The Exportation. The Importation. 4. The Ingenuity of the Inhabitants. 5. The Benefit to the King. >: . p tlJt. i" >.) •' *!£ rid .j ii' " ) ; 1. The Scituation. V-Yivd- WiCL \ ■ A r)[l: . . \*\K to In the Defcription of Ireland I might expatiate in recounting the many Benefits and Advantages which it enjoys in Common with her Neighbour Coun¬ tries, and thefeveral Immunities which God and Na¬ ture have indulged to it in peculiar abdv£ other Pla¬ ces 3 in its exemption from pbylSh^® and noxious Vermin, as Frogs, Toads, Snakes, and Ad¬ ders, Neutf, Effs, and hurtful Spiders A hut above all,7 in the Freedom from Modes, which are the Epidemical Nufance of England, and ate fo fenfibly injurious to Orchards, Gardens, Medows, and Paftures^ in a tempei;ate and benign Air A hV iu inflate number of Fountains; Springs, Loughs (or LaSfe) and frefh Ri¬ vers 5 in an incredible ftore and variety of Land and Sea-Fowls^ (among whjch I would mention the incre¬ dible Number of IVoodSclis, arid how the Parfon of Clow if j farms the Tyth of th e Woodcock? catcht in *' 1 D his ngland his Parilh at thirty Pounds annum *, where they are generally fold at Twelve-Pence per dozen} the innumerable Flocks of Swans and Barnacles that haunt the River of Loughfoyl, but that it would ex¬ clude the wonder due to the reft.) But becaufe thefe Priviledges are inherent to the Soil, and net commu¬ nicable to the life and Benefit of the Neighbours, I (hall pafs over the further commemoration of thofe Matters, and apply my felf to the Rehearfal of fiich Particulars only, as render Irelandm'us happy Scituati- onamoftdefirableCountrey,and highly advantageous in its Acceffion to the Crown ot England.: Poffibly there is not a Country in the whole World fo adrhirably accommodated with convenient Bays,fife Harbours, large Havens, and ufeful Creeks 5 and that not only in fome Sides and Corners, but quite round the Ifland. To defcribe the Harbours of Carlingford, Strangford, the Lough of Carricfergus, Donagbadee, Loghlern, Ragklini Portrufh, Loj/gh-foyf Lough fwilly, Sheep-Haven, Cafllcdow, Killebeggs, Ballyfhannon, Sit- go, 'and Black-Sod in thq-North and Weft Parts 5 Gal- way, Ljmeric\, Trallee, Dingle, Kilmar, the Great Bay of Ban try, (including Bere Haven, and f many others) Ship-Haven, Crook-Haven, Baltimore, Cafie¬ ldaven , Caftlemain,,• the matchlefs Haven-of Kin- file, the noble River of Cork., Toghal, Dungarvan, Waterford, Slade, Wexford, Arclo, Dublin, See. in the South and Eajlern Parts? 5 befide almoft innumerable Creeps, Ports, and commodious Landing-Places, would rake up more room than I have allowed to the dis¬ charge of this brief Narration ^ my.Purpofe is only to mention them, referring the Account of their Beauty, Strength, Security, and Conveniency,to Hi- florians and Geographers. 1 (hall only take notice, that as they are mpft advantageouily placed for the pro¬ per in the PreJirv.it/on of Ireland. 21 Rates (whiGh otherwife would prove exceffive dear) to the great conveniency of the Inhabitants in general, and the particular Advantage of the Merchants and fuch as trade in them. The Cargoes of Salmon, Herrings, Pilchards, (and thofe the be ft and faireft to be had in any Part of the World) Eels, and other Fifh made up yearly in Ireland, and transported into ievhral Parts in Spain, to Venice, and all the Ports in the Mediterranean Sea, would ftartle common Belief I have heard from faith¬ ful Relation, and i fpoke of it before, that in the South of Ireland, they" have made in a year near Eight hun¬ dred Tuns of Pilchards : At Peiffon of gVQ.it Quality, (whofe Judgment and Credit no man will difpute) did aver to me, that in one Seafon 16000. /. was paid for the Pilchards taken orrthd South fide of Cork y and the fllofi: of it by Sir John Frederic of London. That-in, one Portia the North, called Dunftnaghan^ they have made in one Seafon Two thoi.fand Tuns of Herrings. And I was fold by a very horieftanJ intelligent Perfon, (who in the Reign of Charles the Second was Colte&or of the Port of London-.Derry) that in that one Place there was (hipt off in one Seafon 45 q. Tuns of Salmon, 4b'o. Tuns of Herrings, aria 80. Tuns of Eels : The Be¬ nefit and Profit of all which accrues to the Merchants of England, on whofe fole Account almofl: all thefore- merluoited Commodities are (hipt off and fent away, to the great increafe of their Shipping# and the mani- feft incouragemcrit of Navigation, Thefe thing-being undenyabie, and perfeflly true iri matter of Faft", ana which 1 amcorifTcraiiied by the. neceffuy of the Argument to mention ove * a'gfin,' it is ' evident beyond Contradi&ion, that the Trade of Ire land is of ineftimabl'e Advantage tb the LrtidS of Fvg.: land)highly coatrtbuiirigjtfnot wholly fHWervicfit to rc. ' <- 2. The 7he Intereftof England j. The Importation of Englifli Commodities. The great multitudes of Goods and Commodi- dities coniinually exported out of Ireland into England, did not more apparently tend to the Advan¬ tage of Trade there, than the continual Importation of all kinds of Wares and Merchandile from thence. The People of Ireland did not deal like Niggards, or Rooks, to vend and put off the Produdt of their own Coun¬ try, and notbeinftrumental to promote the Confump- tion of what their Neighbours had to fpare 3 on the contrary they maintain d a conflant Correfpondence, and an univerfal Commerce, and hugely advanced the Trade of England. The Wooll which they from time to time fent into England, they received again (and perhaps with it much of the growth there) transformed into the old and the new Drapery, and all forts of Woollen Manufi- Bures, and thereby doubly advanced the Englifi Iradef by the Outlet, and by the Return, by felling the one, and buying the other Silky wrought and un-wrought 5 Gold and Silver Lace3 Buttons 3 Ribbands, 8cc. all forts of Grocery, Spicery 7 Haberdafhers and Milliners Ware 3 Beavers and other fine Hats 3 Tobacco cut and dry'd, in RowJ, and in Leaf 3 white Salt 3 Coals 3 and many foreign Commodities, were daily and hourly brought in¬ to all the Ports of Ireland, being purchaled by the Merchants tjaere from the Merchants of Lon¬ don, Brijiof Chejier5 Leverpool, Plymouth, and other Towns and Cities in England 3 the Quantities whereof mud beprodigioufly great, to fupply not on¬ ly the Necejjities, but the Vanity and Luxury of fo po¬ lenta Kingdom, (the Rate of whole ted by the inftinft of Thrift, in the Prejeruation of Ireland. Thrift, or Parfimony) and confequently the Profit redounding to the Engliffj Merchants muft in rea- Ton bear fome Proportion with the Fent andConfumpti- on 3 the eftimate whereof in a few years is beyond Credit, if not pad Numeration. I could appeal to particular Men by Name, whofe Books and Accounts will judifie my Pofnion, that England received incredible Advantage by their Trade with Ireland, and their fenfible difappointmenfs in the prefent Ceflation of Trade from thence, do too unhappily confirm it 3 but I will not do that pre¬ judice to them, to difcover the Secrets of their Deal¬ ing, or raife a Spirit of Envy at their profperous Proceedings : I honour them for their Ingenuity 3 I applaud their Indudry, and heartily wifh them rein- ftated in their former Courfe of Tra flick,' that all Men may be convinced by their Experiment, how advantagepufly the Trade of Ireland co-operates to the Advancement of the Trade of England. 4. The Ingenuity of the Inhabitants. I am now brought to a hard Dilemma 3 I mud ei¬ ther renounce the Country, from whence I came, or retraft my Affertion: For when I go about toil- kidrate the Ingenuity of the Inhabitants, I confute my felf, by a Difcourfe fo void of it. But there is no ge¬ neral Kule vpithout fome Exceptions 3 and I hope that my particular Defeffs (hall not be imputed as a dero¬ gation from the Credit of the red. It is an ungrateful Imployment to make Compa¬ nions, and I do not in the leaft intend any unkind Reflection upon the Common People of England, when I ailedge, that the oidinary and vulgar fort of* the Britifh Inhabitants in Ireland arc much more In¬ genious and quick, more docible, more intelligent in in gland the Laws and Cuftoms of the Country 5 more a&ive, fedulous and inquifitive5 difpofed to handle the Sword as well as the Plough, and notably capable to ferve upon Juries, and todifcharge the Duty in¬ cumbent on them at Affifes and Seflions. But I (hall only infift on that Qualification which is more proper and pertinent to the Argument in hand, viz. their na¬ tural Difpofition to Trade, and an undefatigable In- duftry in promoting it, and all for the advantage of the Trade of England. For the Petty Chapmen, Tra¬ ders in fmall Towns, and Country Dealers, are only Hawkers, Procurers, and Brokers for the greater Mer¬ chants in Cities and big Towns$ and they ordinarily make themfelves Fa&ors for the Merchants in Eng¬ land 3 fending over to them the moft Part of what they gather 3 or bringing back from them the Com¬ modities of England in return of what they adven¬ ture, and gain upon their own Account. Thus I have obferved the Chapmen in a fmall Village (belong¬ ing to my fclf) with great Art and Ingenuity ne¬ gotiating with the Neighbours about them, making up many Tuns of Butter, and Tallow, gathering great quantities of Tarn, Linnen cloth, Sals, Hides, and Tanned Leather 3 which foon after they fell to the Merchants in the next City or Sea Port, who ei¬ ther deal by Ccmmjfiov from the Merchants in Eng. land, or export them on their own Account, but cer¬ tainly bring home the Produce, in the Wares and Merchandife of England, (and I know one particular Man, who in one Town in one Seafon, made up Ele¬ ven hundred Tuns of Butter by Commiffion, arid as a Fall or for forne Merchants there) but which way foever it be, the Ingenuity and Diligence of the Inhabitants of Ireland does indifputably advance the Trade of England, and the whole Labour of the one centers in the Benefit of the other. 5, The Jntfje Frejervation of Ireland, 25 5. Tbe Benefit to the Kjng. Tho' I propofe the Kings Benefit in the laft Place, j et it is not the leaft of my Care and good Wi¬ thes} and I perfwade my felf that the Loyal and Lo¬ ving Subjedts of England will on that very Confedera¬ tion (if there were no other Motives to incite them) account Ireland worth the keeping, and accordingly will employ their Wealth, and exert their Courage and Strength for the fpeedy Reduction and Reftitution of it. To inforce this, I need produce no other Argu¬ ments, than the repetition of what was before rcmon- ftrated 3 That the annual Revenue of Ireland coming into the Treafiiry and the Kings Coffers, amounted to Three hundred and forty thoufand Pounds, out of which, befide the neceflary Exhibition* for fupporting the State and fafety of the Kingdom, a very confidei able Sum was yearly laid at the Kings Feet, therewith to gratifie fuch Servitors 2nd Favourites in England, as the Revenue there would not reach to fupply. To which let me add, that though under Charles the Second, the Protefant lnterefi in Ireland received as little Incouragement as could be expefted under a Proteflant King^ yet thriving by their Pruning, ta¬ king deeper Root by their being Jlxiken, and growing more ftrong by their Djprejfion 5 they had, beyond all Doubt, added before this time a very valuable Aug¬ mentation to the Publick Revenue, by their Trade and Improvements, had not Popery nipt them, and Ar¬ bitrary Power blallel them. E 3. The 5. The danger of falling into the hands of the French. Let us now refleft upon what has been (aid, and Re capitulate the setter*d Arguments hinted in this abrupt and immethodical Difcourfe. If neither the fenfe of Shame, the Pur/nit of Fame and Glory, the Influence of Brotherly Charity, the Sympathy with Blood and Kindred, the Refpett to Religion, the Ac- quijition of Wealth, the Support of Trade, the In ere afe of the Public4 Revenue, nor the irrefiftible motive of Self- Prefervation, can prove Inducements fufficient to dif- pofe the People of England to a hearty, affeftionate, and vigorous efpoufing of the Protectant Cauje in Ire• land,by a timely Profecution of a War there, and root¬ ing out the latt Remains of Popery? let us changethe Scene, and fuppofe Ireland fubdued by the prefent In¬ vaders, and become a Province to France, (which God of his infinite Mercy avert) then without all per- adventure thefe mifchiefs will inevitably enfue. i. The French Kjng having aninfttiable Thirft af¬ ter the univerfal Monarchy of Europe, and retaining an implacable Refolution to deftroy all forts of Prote¬ stants, and utterly to root out that Pettilcnt Northern Herejie 5 abounding in Wealth and Treafurc, followM by mighty Armies, ftrengthned by a numerous Fleet of Ships 3 as nothing in humane Probability can de¬ feat his execrable Defigns of Aggrandifinghimfelf by the Ruin of his Neighbours, but the fcarcity of con¬ venient Ports and Havens in any of his Dominions; fo it mud be his Principal Aim and endeavour to be Matter of Ireland} whereby he will be fufficiently ac¬ commodated with excellent goodHarbours,in which he may fecurely place his Fleet, to extend his Sovereignty over the Seas, and opportunely annoy his Enemies. 2. This in the PrefervaHon of Ireland. 27 . 2. This being accomplifh'd, not only the Revenue and Trade of Ireland will be utterly loft, the Auxili¬ ary Aid of two hundred thou/and Protectants diverted and taken away, and many thoufands of them for¬ ced to depend upon the Charity of England: th eTrade to America , and all the Wejiern I/lands will not only be intercepted, but in a (hort timethofe Countries be wholly conquered and reduced to the Poflfefiion of the French, and annexed to his Dominion, and made a Prey to glut his reftlefs Ambition. 3. The French King will make Ireland a Maga¬ zine and Store-houfe for the vi&ualling His Ships, and the Harbours asfo many Docl^s to fhelter them, where his Fleet riding in fafety, an Opportunity will be gi¬ ven him, not only to ingrofs all manner of Trade, but that of England will be intirefy interrupted, if not infallibly deftroyed 5 fince no Ships can peep out from thence in their Navigation toward the Streights, or to the Indies, but they muft pafs within view of feme Ports of Ireland, or very near them, and confequent- ly muft be expofed to the Attacks of that rapacious Leviathan, or be neceflitated to fail in great F leets, and very ftrong Convoys under Fr/gats and Men ofVFar\ to the ineftirnable charge of the State, and detriment to the Merchants of England. 4. Let it be confider'd, that fince VV00Uand Woollen Manufactures are the ancient Staple of England, and a main fupport to their trading into all Foreign Coun¬ tries, if it fhould fo come to pafs, that Ireland be aliena¬ ted from it, which abounds with that Commodity,and from whence it may be exported at far cheaper Plates than can be afforded in England 5 how unfpeakable a Prejudice will it be to the Trade ? How will it impo- verifh the People, and bring an unavoidable ruin on many Towns and Families $ Tho 7 be Inter eft of iingland, &-c. 5. Tho it is to be hoped that the Power of France, with the Addition of Ireland, (hall never be able to make a Ccnqnetf of England} neverthelefs by fuch an unwelcom Neigbourhood, it is more than probable the French King may difcompofe the Peace and Quiet of Great Britain, when at any time of the year he can tranfport an Army from Ireland or land fmall Forces in North Wales in fix hours time, in South- Wales in twelve, or in the fpace of four Hours in the VVefi of Scotland : And this not to be prevented by the EngliJJj Fleet, or by all the Art and Contrivance of Mankind. The CONCLUSION. I with the People of England may fee now in this their Day, what belongs to their Peace, before it be hid from their Eyes} That they may not be deluded by falfe Gloffes, and finifter Interpretations of Pub- lick A£h, nor be cajol'd.by jealous Mifprifions &nd groundless Cenfures on private Councils: That they may underhand, andconfider how much their fafety and the Intereft of the Proteftant Religion is concern¬ ed and involved in the Fate of Ireland} and that if the Enemy chance to poflefs the Out-works, the City will be in great danger : That they may not be abu- fed by Chimerical Notions of Obejing without Rejerve, or being deftroyed without Refiftance : That they would reft contented with obtaining their'Defires, in being happy under the Eftablifhment of a Proteftant King and Queen, and not hanker after a Change, or be bewitched to make a wanton Experiment of Indul¬ gence and Protection under a Popifh Government. FINIS.