id sid tid token lemma pos 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 1 2599906 2599906 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 2 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 3 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 4 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 5 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 6 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 7 A a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 8 method method NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 9 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 10 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 11 rational rational JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 12 selection selection NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 13 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 14 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 15 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 16 candidates candidate NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 17 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 18 multimodal multimodal JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 19 knowledge knowledge NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 20 harmonization harmonization NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 21 Bruce Bruce NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 22 Schultz1 Schultz1 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 23 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 24 Andrea Andrea NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 25 Zaliani2,3 zaliani2,3 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 26 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 27 Christian Christian NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 28 Ebeling1 Ebeling1 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 29 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 30 Jeanette Jeanette NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 31 Reinshagen2,3 reinshagen2,3 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 32 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 33 Denisa Denisa NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 34 Bojkova11 Bojkova11 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 35 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 36 Vanessa Vanessa NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 37 Lage Lage NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 38 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 39 Rupprecht1 Rupprecht1 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 40 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 41 Reagon Reagon NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 42 Karki1 Karki1 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 44 Sören Sören NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 45 Lukassen7 Lukassen7 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 46 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 47 Yojana Yojana NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 48 Gadiya1 Gadiya1 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 49 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 50 Neal Neal NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 51 G. G. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 52 Ravindra8 Ravindra8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 53 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 54 Sayoni Sayoni NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 55 Das4 Das4 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 56 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 57 Shounak Shounak NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 58 Baksi6 Baksi6 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 59 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 60 Daniel Daniel NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 61 Domingo Domingo NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 62 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 63 Fernández1 Fernández1 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 64 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 65 Manuel Manuel NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 66 Lentzen1 Lentzen1 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 67 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 68 Mark Mark NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 69 Strivens4 Strivens4 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 70 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 71 Tamara Tamara NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 72 Raschka1 Raschka1 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 73 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 74 Jindrich Jindrich NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 75 Cinatl11 Cinatl11 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 76 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 77 Lauren Lauren NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 78 Nicole Nicole NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 79 DeLong1 DeLong1 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 80 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 81 Phil Phil NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 82 Gribbon2,3 gribbon2,3 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 83 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 84 Gerd Gerd NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 85 Geisslinger3,9,10 geisslinger3,9,10 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 86 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 87 Sandra Sandra NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 88 Ciesek10,11,12 Ciesek10,11,12 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 89 David David NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 90 van van NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 91 Dijk8 dijk8 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 92 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 93 Steve Steve NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 94 Gardner4 Gardner4 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 95 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 96 Alpha Alpha NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 97 Tom Tom NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 98 Kodamullil1 Kodamullil1 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 99 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 100 Holger Holger NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 101 Fröhlich1 Fröhlich1 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 102 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 103 Manuel Manuel NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 104 Peitsch5 Peitsch5 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 105 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 106 Marc Marc NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 107 Jacobs1 Jacobs1 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 108 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 109 Julia Julia NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 110 Hoeng5 Hoeng5 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 111 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 112 Roland Roland NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 113 Eils7 eils7 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 114 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 115 Carsten Carsten NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 116 Claussen2,3 claussen2,3 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 117 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 118 Martin Martin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 119 Hofmann Hofmann NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 120 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 121 Apitius*1 Apitius*1 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 122 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 123 Fraunhofer Fraunhofer NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 124 Institute Institute NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 125 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 126 Algorithms Algorithms NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 127 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 128 Scientific Scientific NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 129 Computing Computing NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 130 SCAI SCAI NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 131 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 132 Department Department NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 133 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 134 Bioinformatics Bioinformatics NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 135 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 136 Institutszentrum Institutszentrum NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 137 Birlinghoven Birlinghoven NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 138 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 139 53754 53754 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 140 Sankt Sankt NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 141 Augustin Augustin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 142 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 143 Germany Germany NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 144 2 2 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 145 Fraunhofer Fraunhofer NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 146 Institute Institute NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 147 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 148 Translational Translational NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 149 Medicine Medicine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 150 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 151 Pharmacology Pharmacology NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 152 ITMP ITMP NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 153 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 154 ScreeningPort ScreeningPort NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 155 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 156 22525 22525 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 157 Hamburg Hamburg NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 158 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 159 Germany Germany NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 160 3 3 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 161 Fraunhofer Fraunhofer NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 162 Cluster Cluster NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 163 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 164 Excellence Excellence NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 165 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 166 Immune Immune NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 167 Mediated Mediated NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 168 Diseases Diseases NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 169 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 170 CIMD CIMD NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 171 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 172 External external JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 173 partner partner NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 174 site site NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 175 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 176 22525 22525 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 177 Hamburg Hamburg NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 178 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 179 Germany Germany NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 180 4 4 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 181 PrecisionLife PrecisionLife NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 182 Ltd. Ltd. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 183 Unit Unit NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 184 8b 8b NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 185 Bankside Bankside NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 186 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 187 Hanborough Hanborough NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 188 Business Business NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 189 Park Park NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 190 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 191 Long Long NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 192 Hanborough Hanborough NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 193 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 194 Oxfordshire Oxfordshire NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 195 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 196 OX29 OX29 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 197 8LJ 8LJ NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 198 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 199 United United NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 200 Kingdom Kingdom NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 201 5 5 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 202 Philipp Philipp NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 203 Morris Morris NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 204 International International NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 205 R&D r&d NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 206 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 207 Biological Biological NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 208 Systems Systems NNPS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 209 Research Research NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 210 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 211 R&D R&D NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 212 Innovation Innovation NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 213 Cube Cube NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 214 T1517.07 t1517.07 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 215 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 216 Quai Quai NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 217 Jeanrenaud Jeanrenaud NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 218 5 5 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 219 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 220 CH-2000 CH-2000 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 221 Neuchatel Neuchatel NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 222 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 223 Switzerland Switzerland NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 224 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 225 Causality Causality NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 226 BioModels BioModels NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 227 Pvt Pvt NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 228 Ltd. Ltd. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 229 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 230 Kinfra Kinfra NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 231 Hi Hi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 232 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 233 Tech Tech NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 234 Park Park NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 235 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 236 Kerala Kerala NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 237 technology technology NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 238 Innovation Innovation NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 239 Zone- Zone- NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 240 KTIZ KTIZ NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 241 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 242 Kalamassery Kalamassery NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 243 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 244 Cochin Cochin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 245 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 246 683503-India 683503-India NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 247 7 7 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 248 Center Center NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 249 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 250 Digital Digital NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 251 Health Health NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 252 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 253 Charité Charité NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 254 Universitätsmedizin Universitätsmedizin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 255 Berlin Berlin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 256 & & CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 257 Berlin Berlin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 258 Institute Institute NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 259 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 260 Health Health NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 261 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 262 BIH BIH NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 263 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 264 8 8 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 265 Center Center NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 266 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 267 Biomedical Biomedical NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 268 Data Data NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 269 Science Science NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 270 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 271 Yale Yale NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 272 School School NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 273 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 274 Medicine Medicine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 275 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 276 Yale Yale NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 277 University University NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 278 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 279 333 333 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 280 Cedar Cedar NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 281 Street Street NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 282 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 283 New New NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 284 Haven Haven NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 285 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 286 CT CT NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 287 06510 06510 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 288 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 289 USA USA NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 290 9 9 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 291 Pharmazentrum Pharmazentrum NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 292 Frankfurt Frankfurt NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 293 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 294 ZAFES ZAFES NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 295 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 296 Institut Institut NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 297 für für NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 298 Klinische Klinische NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 299 Pharmakologie Pharmakologie NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 300 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 301 Klinikum Klinikum NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 302 der der VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 303 Goethe Goethe NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 304 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 305 Universität Universität NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 306 Frankfurt Frankfurt NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 307 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 308 60590 60590 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 309 Frankfurt Frankfurt NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 310 am be VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 311 Main Main NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 312 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 313 Germany Germany NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 314 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 315 Fraunhofer Fraunhofer NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 316 Institute Institute NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 317 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 318 Translational Translational NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 319 Medicine Medicine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 320 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 321 Pharmacology Pharmacology NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 322 ITMP ITMP NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 323 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 324 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 325 60596 60596 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 326 Frankfurt Frankfurt NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 327 am be VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 328 Main Main NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 329 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 330 Germany Germany NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 331 11 11 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 332 Institute Institute NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 333 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 334 Medical Medical NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 335 Virology Virology NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 336 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 337 University University NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 338 Hospital Hospital NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 339 Frankfurt Frankfurt NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 340 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 341 60590 60590 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 342 Frankfurt Frankfurt NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 343 am be VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 344 Main Main NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 345 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 346 Germany Germany NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 347 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 348 DZIF DZIF NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 349 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 350 German german JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 351 Centre Centre NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 352 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 353 Infection Infection NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 354 Research Research NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 355 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 356 External external JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 357 partner partner NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 358 site site NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 359 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 360 60596 60596 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 361 Frankfurt Frankfurt NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 362 am be VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 363 Main Main NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 364 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 365 Germany Germany NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 366 * * NFP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 367 martin.hofmann-apitius@scai.fraunhofer.de martin.hofmann-apitius@scai.fraunhofer.de XX 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 368 .CC .CC NFP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 369 - - : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 370 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 371 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 372 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 373 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 374 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 375 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 376 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 377 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 1 378 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 51 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 52 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 53 2 2 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 54 Abstract Abstract NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 55 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 56 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 57 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 58 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 59 pandemic pandemic NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 60 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 61 challenged challenge VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 62 researchers researcher NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 63 at at IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 64 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 65 global global JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 66 scale scale NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 2 67 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 3 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 3 2 scientific scientific JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 3 3 community community NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 3 4 ’s ’s POS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 3 5 massive massive JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 3 6 response response NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 3 7 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 3 8 resulted result VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 3 9 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 3 10 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 3 11 flood flood NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 3 12 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 3 13 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 3 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 3 15 analyses analysis NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 3 16 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 3 17 hypotheses hypothesis NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 3 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 3 19 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 3 20 publications publication NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 3 21 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 3 22 especially especially RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 3 23 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 3 24 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 3 25 field field NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 3 26 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 3 27 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 3 28 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 3 29 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 1 However however RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 3 many many JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 5 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 6 proposed propose VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 7 therapeutic therapeutic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 8 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 9 obtained obtain VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 10 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 11 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 12 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 13 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 14 specific specific NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 15 assays assay NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 16 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 17 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 18 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 19 agreement agreement NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 20 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 21 thus thus RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 22 demonstrate demonstrate VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 23 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 24 need need NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 25 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 26 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 27 singular singular JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 28 source source NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 29 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 30 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 31 related related JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 32 information information NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 33 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 34 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 35 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 36 rational rational JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 37 selection selection NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 38 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 39 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 40 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 41 candidates candidate NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 42 can can MD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 43 be be VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 44 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 4 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 1 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 2 this this DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 3 paper paper NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 4 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 5 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 6 present present VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 7 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 8 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 9 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 10 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 11 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 12 comprehensive comprehensive JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 13 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 14 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 15 target target NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 16 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 17 mechanism mechanism NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 18 graph graph NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 19 generated generate VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 20 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 21 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 22 compilation compilation NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 23 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 24 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 25 separate separate JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 26 disease disease NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 27 maps map NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 28 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 29 sources source NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 30 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 31 experimental experimental JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 32 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 33 focused focus VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 34 on on IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 35 SARS- SARS- NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 36 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 37 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 38 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 39 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 5 40 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 1 By by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 2 applying apply VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 3 our -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 4 systematic systematic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 5 approach approach NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 7 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 8 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 9 able able JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 10 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 11 predict predict VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 12 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 13 synergistic synergistic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 14 effect effect NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 15 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 16 specific specific JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 17 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 18 pairs pair NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 19 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 20 such such JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 21 as as IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 22 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 23 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 24 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 25 or or CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 26 Nelfinavir Nelfinavir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 27 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 28 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 29 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 30 on on IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 31 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 32 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 33 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 34 infection infection NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 6 35 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 1 Experimental experimental JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 2 validation validation NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 3 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 4 our -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 5 results result NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 6 demonstrate demonstrate VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 7 that that IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 8 our -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 9 graph graph NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 10 can can MD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 11 be be VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 12 used use VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 13 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 14 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 15 only only RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 16 explore explore VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 17 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 18 involved involved JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 19 mechanistic mechanistic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 20 pathways pathway NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 21 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 22 but but CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 23 also also RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 24 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 25 identify identify VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 26 novel novel JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 27 combinations combination NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 28 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 29 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 30 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 31 candidates candidate NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 7 32 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 8 1 .CC .CC NFP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 8 2 - - : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 8 3 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 8 4 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 8 5 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 8 6 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 8 7 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 8 8 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 8 9 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 8 10 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 8 11 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 51 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 52 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 53 3 3 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 54 Introduction Introduction NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 55 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 56 Motivation Motivation NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 57 COVID-19 COVID-19 , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 58 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 59 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 60 term term NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 61 coined coin VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 62 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 63 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 64 pandemic pandemic NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 65 caused cause VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 66 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 67 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 68 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 69 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 9 70 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 10 1 Unprecedented unprecedented JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 10 2 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 10 3 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 10 4 history history NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 10 5 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 10 6 science science NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 10 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 10 8 this this DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 10 9 pandemic pandemic NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 10 10 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 10 11 elicited elicit VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 10 12 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 10 13 worldwide worldwide JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 10 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 10 15 collaborative collaborative JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 10 16 response response NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 10 17 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 10 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 10 19 scientific scientific JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 10 20 community community NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 10 21 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 1 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 2 addition addition NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 3 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 4 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 5 strong strong JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 6 focus focus NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 7 on on IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 8 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 9 epidemiology epidemiology NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 10 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 11 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 12 virus1 virus1 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 13 2 2 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 14 3 3 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 16 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 17 aimed aim VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 18 at at IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 19 understanding understanding NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 20 mechanisms mechanism NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 21 underlying underlie VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 22 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 23 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 24 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 25 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 26 virus virus NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 27 have have VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 28 led lead VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 29 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 30 new new JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 31 insights insight NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 32 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 33 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 34 comparably comparably RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 35 short short JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 36 amount amount NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 37 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 38 time4 time4 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 39 5 5 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 40 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 41 7 7 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 11 42 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 12 1 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 12 2 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 12 3 field field NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 12 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 12 5 computational computational JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 12 6 biology biology NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 12 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 12 8 several several JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 12 9 initiatives initiative NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 12 10 have have VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 12 11 started start VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 12 12 generating generate VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 12 13 disease disease NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 12 14 maps map NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 12 15 that that WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 12 16 represent represent VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 12 17 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 12 18 current current JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 12 19 knowledge knowledge NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 12 20 pertaining pertain VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 12 21 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 12 22 COVID-19 COVID-19 , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 12 23 mechanisms8 mechanisms8 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 12 24 9 9 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 12 25 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 12 26 11 11 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 12 27 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 13 1 Such such JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 13 2 disease disease NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 13 3 maps map NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 13 4 have have VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 13 5 proven prove VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 13 6 valuable valuable JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 13 7 before before IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 13 8 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 13 9 diverse diverse JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 13 10 areas area NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 13 11 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 13 12 research research NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 13 13 such such JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 13 14 as as IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 13 15 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 13 16 13 13 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 13 17 14 14 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 13 18 15 15 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 13 19 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 1 When when WRB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 2 taken take VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 3 together together RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 4 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 5 related related JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 6 work work NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 7 including include VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 8 cause cause NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 9 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 10 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 11 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 12 effect effect NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 13 modeling8 modeling8 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 15 entity entity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 16 relationship relationship NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 17 graphs16 graphs16 NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 19 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 20 pathways17 pathways17 NNPS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 21 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 22 these these DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 23 disease disease NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 24 maps map NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 25 represent represent VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 26 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 27 considerable considerable JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 28 amount amount NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 29 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 30 highly highly RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 31 curated curate VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 32 “ " `` 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 33 knowledge knowledge NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 34 graphs graphs NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 35 ” " '' 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 36 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 37 focus focus VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 38 primarily primarily RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 39 on on IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 40 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 41 biology biology NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 14 42 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 15 1 Here here RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 15 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 15 3 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 15 4 use use VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 15 5 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 15 6 term term NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 15 7 “ " `` 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 15 8 mechanism mechanism NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 15 9 ” " '' 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 15 10 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 15 11 describe describe VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 15 12 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 15 13 single single JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 15 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 15 15 or or CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 15 16 multiple multiple JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 15 17 cause cause NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 15 18 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 15 19 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 15 20 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 15 21 effect effect NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 15 22 relationships relationship NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 15 23 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 15 24 i.e. i.e. FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 1 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 2 subgraph subgraph NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 3 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 4 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 5 “ " `` 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 6 pathways pathway NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 7 ” " '' 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 8 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 9 refer refer VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 10 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 11 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 12 well well RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 13 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 14 established establish VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 15 series series NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 16 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 17 interactions interaction NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 18 resulting result VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 19 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 20 cellular cellular JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 21 change change NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 22 or or CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 23 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 24 defined define VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 25 product product NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 26 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 27 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 28 “ " `` 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 29 models model NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 30 ” " '' 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 31 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 32 describing describe VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 33 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 34 collection collection NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 35 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 36 experimental experimental JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 37 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 38 or or CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 39 known know VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 40 interactions interaction NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 41 defined define VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 42 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 43 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 44 context context NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 45 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 46 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 47 particular particular JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 48 biological biological JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 49 process process NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 50 or or CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 51 pathology pathology NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 16 52 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 1 As as IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 2 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 3 July July NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 4 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 7 collection collection NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 8 consisting consist VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 9 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 10 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 11 models model NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 12 representing represent VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 13 core core JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 14 knowledge knowledge NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 15 about about IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 16 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 17 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 18 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 19 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 20 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 21 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 22 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 23 its -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 24 primary primary JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 25 target target NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 26 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 27 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 28 lung lung NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 29 epithelium epithelium NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 30 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 31 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 32 shared share VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 33 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 34 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 35 public public NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 17 36 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 18 1 With with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 18 2 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 18 3 rapidly rapidly RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 18 4 increasing increase VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 18 5 generation generation NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 18 6 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 18 7 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 18 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 18 9 e.g. e.g. RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 19 1 transcriptome18 transcriptome18 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 19 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 19 3 interactome19 interactome19 NNPS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 19 4 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 19 5 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 19 6 proteome20 proteome20 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 19 7 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 19 8 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 19 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 19 10 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 19 11 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 19 12 now now RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 19 13 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 19 14 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 19 15 position position NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 19 16 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 19 17 challenge challenge VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 19 18 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 19 19 validate validate VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 19 20 these these DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 19 21 COVID-19 COVID-19 , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 19 22 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 19 23 knowledge knowledge NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 19 24 graphs graph NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 19 25 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 19 26 experimental experimental JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 19 27 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 19 28 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 20 1 This this DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 20 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 20 3 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 20 4 particular particular JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 20 5 interest interest NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 20 6 as as IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 20 7 .CC .CC NFP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 20 8 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 20 9 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 20 10 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 20 11 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 20 12 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 20 13 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 20 14 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 20 15 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 20 16 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 20 17 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 51 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 52 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 53 4 4 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 54 validation validation NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 55 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 56 these these DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 57 knowledge knowledge NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 58 graphs graphs NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 59 bears bear VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 60 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 61 potential potential NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 62 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 63 identify identify VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 64 those those DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 65 disease disease NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 66 mechanisms mechanism NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 67 highly highly RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 68 relevant relevant JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 69 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 70 targeting target VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 71 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 72 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 73 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 74 approaches approach NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 21 75 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 22 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 22 2 concept concept NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 22 3 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 22 4 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 22 5 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 22 6 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 22 7 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 22 8 secondary secondary JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 22 9 use use NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 22 10 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 22 11 already already RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 22 12 developed develop VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 22 13 drugs drug NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 22 14 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 22 15 therapeutic therapeutic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 22 16 uses use NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 22 17 other other JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 22 18 than than IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 22 19 those those DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 22 20 they -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 22 21 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 22 22 designed design VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 22 23 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 22 24 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 22 25 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 22 26 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 22 27 new new JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 22 28 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 2 major major JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 3 advantage advantage NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 5 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 6 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 7 over over IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 8 conventional conventional JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 9 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 10 development development NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 11 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 12 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 13 massive massive JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 14 decrease decrease NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 15 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 16 time time NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 17 required require VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 18 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 19 development development NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 20 as as IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 21 important important JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 22 steps step NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 23 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 24 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 25 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 26 discovery discovery NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 27 workflow workflow NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 28 have have VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 29 already already RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 30 been be VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 31 successfully successfully RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 32 passed pass VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 33 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 34 these these DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 35 compounds21 compounds21 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 36 22 22 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 23 37 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 24 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 24 2 group group NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 24 3 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 24 4 many many JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 24 5 others other NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 24 6 have have VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 24 7 already already RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 24 8 begun begin VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 24 9 performing perform VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 24 10 assays assays RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 24 11 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 24 12 screen screen NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 24 13 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 24 14 experimental experimental JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 24 15 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 24 16 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 24 17 approved approve VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 24 18 drugs drug NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 24 19 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 24 20 serve serve VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 24 21 as as IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 24 22 new new JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 24 23 therapeutics therapeutic NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 24 24 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 24 25 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 24 26 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 1 Dedicated dedicated JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 2 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 3 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 4 collections collection NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 6 such such JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 7 as as IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 8 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 9 Broad Broad NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 10 Institute Institute NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 11 library23 library23 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 13 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 14 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 15 even even RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 16 more more RBR 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 17 comprehensive comprehensive JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 18 ReFRAME ReFRAME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 19 library24 library24 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 20 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 21 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 22 used use VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 23 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 24 experimentally experimentally RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 25 screen screen VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 26 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 27 either either DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 28 viral viral JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 29 proteins protein NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 30 as as IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 31 targets target NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 32 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 33 functional functional JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 34 inhibition25 inhibition25 NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 35 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 36 or or CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 38 virally virally RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 39 infected infect VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 40 cells cell NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 41 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 42 phenotypic phenotypic NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 43 assays26 assays26 NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 25 44 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 26 1 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 26 2 our -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 26 3 own own JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 26 4 work work NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 26 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 26 6 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 26 7 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 26 8 assessed assess VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 26 9 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 26 10 their -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 26 11 inhibition inhibition NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 26 12 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 26 13 virus virus NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 26 14 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 26 15 induced induce VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 26 16 cytotoxicity cytotoxicity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 26 17 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 26 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 26 19 human human JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 26 20 cell cell NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 26 21 line line NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 26 22 Caco-2 Caco-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 26 23 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 26 24 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 26 25 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 26 26 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 26 27 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 26 28 isolate27 isolate27 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 26 29 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 1 A a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 2 total total NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 3 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 4 63 63 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 5 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 6 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 7 IC50 IC50 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 8 < < NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 9 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 10 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 11 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 12 identified identify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 13 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 14 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 15 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 16 90 90 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 17 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 18 have have VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 19 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 20 yet yet RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 21 been be VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 22 previously previously RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 23 reported report VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 24 as as IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 25 being be VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 26 active active JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 27 against against IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 28 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 29 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 30 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 27 31 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 28 1 Out out IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 28 2 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 28 3 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 28 4 active active JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 28 5 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 28 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 28 7 31 31 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 28 8 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 28 9 approved approve VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 28 10 drugs drug NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 28 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 28 12 23 23 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 28 13 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 28 14 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 28 15 phases phase NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 28 16 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 28 17 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 28 18 3 3 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 28 19 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 28 20 9 9 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 28 21 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 28 22 preclinical preclinical JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 28 23 candidate candidate NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 28 24 molecules molecule NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 28 25 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 29 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 29 2 described describe VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 29 3 mechanisms mechanism NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 29 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 29 5 action action NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 29 6 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 29 7 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 29 8 inhibitors inhibitor NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 29 9 included include VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 29 10 kinase kinase NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 29 11 signaling signal VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 29 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 29 13 PDE PDE NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 29 14 activity activity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 29 15 modulation modulation NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 29 16 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 29 17 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 29 18 long long JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 29 19 chain chain NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 29 20 acyl acyl NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 29 21 transferase transferase NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 29 22 inhibition inhibition NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 29 23 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 29 24 e.g. e.g. RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 30 1 “ " `` 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 30 2 azole azole NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 30 3 class class NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 30 4 antifungals antifungals NNPS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 30 5 ” " '' 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 30 6 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 30 7 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 2 approach approach NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 3 presented present VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 4 here here RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 5 integrates integrate VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 6 experimental experimental JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 7 results result NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 8 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 9 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 10 output output NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 11 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 12 other other JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 13 informatic informatic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 14 pipelines pipeline NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 16 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 17 combines combine VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 18 proprietary proprietary JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 19 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 20 public public JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 21 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 22 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 23 provide provide VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 24 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 25 comprehensive comprehensive JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 26 overview overview NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 27 on on IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 28 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 29 therapeutic therapeutic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 30 efficacy efficacy NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 31 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 32 candidate candidate NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 33 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 34 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 35 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 36 mechanisms mechanism NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 37 targeted target VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 38 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 39 .CC .CC : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 40 - - : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 41 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 42 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 43 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 44 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 45 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 46 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 47 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 48 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 31 49 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 51 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 52 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 53 5 5 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 54 these these DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 55 candidate candidate NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 56 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 57 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 58 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 59 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 60 rational rational JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 61 approach approach NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 62 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 63 test test VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 64 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 65 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 66 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 67 mechanism mechanism NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 68 associations association NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 69 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 70 their -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 71 potential potential NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 72 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 73 combination combination NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 74 therapy therapy NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 32 75 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 33 1 .CC .CC NFP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 33 2 - - : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 33 3 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 33 4 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 33 5 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 33 6 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 33 7 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 33 8 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 33 9 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 33 10 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 33 11 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 51 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 52 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 53 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 54 Methodology Methodology NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 55 Generation Generation NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 56 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 57 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 58 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 59 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 60 Disparate Disparate NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 61 COVID-19 COVID-19 , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 62 disease disease NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 63 maps map NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 64 focus focus NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 65 on on IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 66 different different JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 67 aspects aspect NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 68 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 69 COVID-19 covid-19 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 70 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 34 71 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 1 Based base VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 2 on on IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 3 comparisons comparison NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 5 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 6 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 7 knowledge knowledge NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 8 graphs graphs NNPS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 10 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 11 found find VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 12 that that IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 13 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 14 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 15 single single JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 16 disease disease NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 17 map map NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 18 covers cover VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 19 all all DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 20 aspects aspect NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 21 relevant relevant JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 22 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 23 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 24 understanding understanding NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 25 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 26 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 27 virus virus NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 28 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 29 host host NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 30 interaction interaction NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 31 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 32 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 33 resulting result VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 34 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 35 35 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 1 Thus thus RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 3 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 4 optimized optimize VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 5 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 6 representation representation NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 7 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 8 essential essential JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 9 COVID-19 COVID-19 HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 10 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 11 mechanisms mechanism NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 12 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 13 integrating integrate VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 14 several several JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 15 public public JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 16 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 17 proprietary proprietary JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 18 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 19 knowledge knowledge NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 20 graphs graphs NNPS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 21 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 22 disease disease NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 23 maps map NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 24 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 25 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 26 experimental experimental JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 27 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 28 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 29 Supplementary Supplementary NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 30 Table Table NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 31 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 32 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 33 into into IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 34 one one CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 35 unified unified JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 36 knowledge knowledge NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 37 graph graph NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 38 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 39 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 40 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 41 Supergraph Supergraph NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 36 42 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 1 To to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 2 this this DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 3 end end NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 4 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 5 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 6 converted convert VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 7 all all DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 8 knowledge knowledge NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 9 graphs graph NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 10 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 11 interactomes interactome NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 12 into into IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 13 OpenBEL28 OpenBEL28 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 15 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 16 language language NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 17 that that WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 18 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 19 both both DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 20 ideally ideally RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 21 suited suit VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 22 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 23 capture capture VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 24 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 25 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 26 represent represent VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 27 “ " `` 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 28 cause cause VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 29 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 30 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 31 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 32 effect effect NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 33 ” " '' 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 34 relationships relationship NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 35 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 36 biomedicine biomedicine NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 37 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 38 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 39 fully fully RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 40 interoperable interoperable JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 41 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 42 major major JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 43 pathway pathway NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 44 databases29 databases29 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 45 30 30 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 37 46 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 38 1 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 38 2 order order NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 38 3 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 38 4 ensure ensure VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 38 5 that that IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 38 6 molecular molecular JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 38 7 interactions interaction NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 38 8 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 38 9 correctly correctly RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 38 10 normalized normalize VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 38 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 38 12 individual individual JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 38 13 pipelines pipeline NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 38 14 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 38 15 constructed construct VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 38 16 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 38 17 each each DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 38 18 model model NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 38 19 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 38 20 convert convert VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 38 21 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 38 22 raw raw JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 38 23 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 38 24 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 38 25 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 38 26 OpenBEL openbel JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 38 27 format format NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 38 28 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 39 1 For for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 39 2 example example NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 39 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 39 4 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 39 5 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 39 6 Disease Disease NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 39 7 Map Map NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 39 8 contained contain VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 39 9 16 16 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 39 10 separate separate JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 39 11 files file NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 39 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 39 13 each each DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 39 14 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 39 15 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 39 16 represented represent VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 39 17 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 39 18 specific specific JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 39 19 biological biological JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 39 20 focus focus NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 39 21 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 39 22 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 39 23 virus virus NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 39 24 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 40 1 Each each DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 40 2 file file NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 40 3 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 40 4 parsed parse VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 40 5 individually individually RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 40 6 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 40 7 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 40 8 entities entity NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 40 9 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 40 10 relationships relationship NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 40 11 that that WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 40 12 did do VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 40 13 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 40 14 adhere adhere VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 40 15 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 40 16 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 40 17 OpenBEL openbel ADD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 40 18 grammar grammar NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 40 19 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 40 20 mapped map VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 40 21 accordingly accordingly RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 40 22 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 1 Whilst whilst IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 2 most most JJS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 3 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 4 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 5 entities entity NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 6 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 7 relationships relationship NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 8 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 9 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 10 source source NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 11 disease disease NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 12 maps map NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 13 could could MD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 14 be be VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 15 readily readily RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 16 translated translate VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 17 into into IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 18 OpenBEL openbel NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 19 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 20 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 21 small small JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 22 number number NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 23 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 24 triples triple NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 25 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 26 different different JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 27 source source NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 28 disease disease NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 29 maps map NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 30 required require VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 31 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 32 more more RBR 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 34 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 35 depth depth NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 36 transformation transformation NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 41 37 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 1 When when WRB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 2 classic classic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 3 methods method NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 5 naming naming NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 6 objects object NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 7 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 8 triples triple NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 9 failed fail VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 10 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 11 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 12 recently recently RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 13 generated generate VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 14 COVID-19 COVID-19 , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 15 ontology31 ontology31 RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 16 as as RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 17 well well RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 18 as as IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 19 other other JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 20 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 21 standard standard JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 22 ontologies ontology NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 23 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 24 vocabularies vocabulary NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 25 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 26 used use VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 27 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 28 normalize normalize VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 29 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 30 reference reference VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 31 these these DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 32 entities entity NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 42 33 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 43 1 .CC .CC NFP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 43 2 - - : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 43 3 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 43 4 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 43 5 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 43 6 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 43 7 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 43 8 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 43 9 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 43 10 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 43 11 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 51 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 52 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 53 7 7 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 54 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 55 addition addition NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 56 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 57 combining combine VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 58 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 59 listed list VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 60 models model NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 61 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 62 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 63 also also RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 64 performed perform VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 65 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 66 dedicated dedicated JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 67 curation curation NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 68 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 69 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 70 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 71 supergraph supergraph NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 72 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 73 order order NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 74 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 75 annotate annotate VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 76 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 77 mechanisms mechanism NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 78 pertaining pertain VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 79 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 80 selected select VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 81 targets target NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 82 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 83 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 84 biology biology NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 85 around around IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 86 prioritized prioritize VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 87 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 88 candidates candidate NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 44 89 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 2 resulting result VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 3 BEL BEL NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 4 graphs graph NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 5 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 6 quality quality NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 7 controlled control VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 8 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 9 subsequently subsequently RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 10 loaded load VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 11 into into IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 12 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 13 dedicated dedicated JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 14 graph graph NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 15 database database NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 16 system system NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 17 underlying underlie VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 19 Biomedical Biomedical NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 20 Knowledge Knowledge NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 21 Miner Miner NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 22 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 23 BiKMi BiKMi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 24 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 25 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 26 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 27 allows allow VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 28 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 29 comparison comparison NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 30 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 31 extension extension NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 32 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 33 biomedical biomedical JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 34 knowledge knowledge NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 35 graphs graphs NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 36 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 37 see see VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 38 http://bikmi.covid19-knowledgespace.de http://bikmi.covid19-knowledgespace.de NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 39 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 45 40 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 46 1 Once once IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 46 2 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 46 3 models model NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 46 4 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 46 5 converted convert VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 46 6 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 46 7 OpenBEL OpenBEL , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 46 8 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 46 9 imported import VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 46 10 into into IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 46 11 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 46 12 database database NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 46 13 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 46 14 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 46 15 resulting result VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 46 16 nodes node NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 46 17 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 46 18 each each DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 46 19 mechanism mechanism NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 46 20 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 46 21 based base VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 46 22 model model NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 46 23 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 46 24 compared compare VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 46 25 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 46 26 Figure figure NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 46 27 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 46 28 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 46 29 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 1 Even even RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 2 when when WRB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 3 separated separate VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 4 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 5 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 6 origin origin NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 7 type type NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 8 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 9 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 10 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 11 knowledge knowledge NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 12 graphs graphs NNPS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 13 had have VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 14 very very RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 15 little little JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 16 overlap overlap NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 17 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 18 3 3 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 19 shared share VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 20 nodes node NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 21 between between IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 22 all all DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 23 manually manually RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 24 curated curate VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 25 models model NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 26 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 27 no no DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 28 shared share VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 29 nodes node NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 30 between between IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 31 all all DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 32 models model NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 33 derived derive VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 34 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 35 interaction interaction NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 36 databases database NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 37 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 38 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 39 but but CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 40 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 41 unifying unify VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 42 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 43 models model NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 44 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 45 our -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 46 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 47 supergraph supergraph NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 48 improves improve VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 49 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 50 coverage coverage NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 51 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 52 essential essential JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 53 virus- virus- NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 54 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 55 host host NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 56 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 57 physiology physiology NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 58 mechanisms mechanism NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 59 substantially substantially RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 47 60 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 48 1 Figure figure NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 48 2 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 48 3 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 48 4 Venn Venn NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 48 5 diagrams diagram NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 48 6 comparing compare VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 48 7 major major JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 48 8 mechanistic mechanistic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 48 9 models model NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 48 10 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 48 11 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 48 12 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 48 13 supergraph supergraph NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 48 14 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 49 1 Mechanism Mechanism NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 49 2 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 49 3 based base VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 49 4 models model NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 49 5 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 49 6 divided divide VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 49 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 49 8 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 49 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 49 10 entities entity NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 49 11 compared compare VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 49 12 within within IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 49 13 their -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 49 14 resulting result VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 49 15 subgroups subgroup NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 49 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 1 Model model NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 2 abbreviations abbreviation NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 3 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 4 defined define VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 5 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 6 Supplementary Supplementary NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 7 Table Table NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 8 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 9 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 10 a a LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 11 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 12 Manual Manual NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 13 node node NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 14 comparison comparison NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 15 shows show VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 16 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 17 overlap overlap NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 18 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 19 entities entity NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 20 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 21 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 22 models model NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 23 that that WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 24 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 25 knowledge knowledge NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 26 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 27 based base VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 28 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 29 manually manually RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 30 curated curate VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 31 relationships relationship NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 32 that that WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 33 have have VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 34 been be VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 35 directly directly RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 36 encoded encode VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 37 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 38 OpenBEL openbel ADD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 50 39 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 51 1 b b LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 51 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 51 3 Automated Automated NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 51 4 node node NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 51 5 comparison comparison NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 51 6 shows show VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 51 7 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 51 8 overlap overlap NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 51 9 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 51 10 entities entity NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 51 11 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 51 12 models model NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 51 13 re re VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 51 14 - - VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 51 15 encoded encode VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 51 16 into into IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 51 17 OpenBEL OpenBEL NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 51 18 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 51 19 other other JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 51 20 formats format NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 51 21 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 51 22 e.g. e.g. RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 52 1 SBML SBML NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 52 2 models model NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 52 3 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 52 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 53 1 .CC .CC NFP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 53 2 - - : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 53 3 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 53 4 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 53 5 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 53 6 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 53 7 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 53 8 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 53 9 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 53 10 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 53 11 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 51 http://bikmi.covid19-knowledgespace.de/ http://bikmi.covid19-knowledgespace.de/ NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 52 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 53 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 54 8 8 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 55 Additionally additionally RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 56 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 57 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 58 enriching enrich VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 59 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 60 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 61 supergraph supergraph NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 62 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 63 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 64 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 65 target target NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 66 information information NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 67 linked link VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 68 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 69 highly highly RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 70 curated curate VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 71 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 72 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 73 target target NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 74 databases database NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 75 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 76 DrugBank DrugBank NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 77 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 78 ChEMBL ChEMBL NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 79 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 80 PubChem PubChem NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 81 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 82 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 83 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 84 created create VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 85 an an DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 86 initial initial JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 87 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 88 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 89 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 90 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 91 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 92 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 93 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 94 comprehensive comprehensive JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 95 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 96 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 97 target target NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 98 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 99 mechanism mechanism NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 100 graph graph NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 101 representing representing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 102 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 103 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 104 mechanisms mechanism NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 105 that that WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 106 includes include VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 107 both both DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 108 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 109 targets target NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 110 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 111 their -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 112 ligands ligand NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 113 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 114 Figure figure NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 115 2 2 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 116 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 54 117 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 1 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 2 order order NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 3 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 4 maximize maximize VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 5 its -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 6 utility utility NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 8 this this DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 9 network network NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 10 includes include VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 11 both both DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 12 experimentally experimentally RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 13 validated validate VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 14 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 15 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 16 target target NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 17 relationships relationship NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 18 as as RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 19 well well RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 20 as as IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 21 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 22 wide wide JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 23 distribution distribution NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 24 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 25 biological biological JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 26 entities entity NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 27 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 28 concepts concept NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 29 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 30 Supplementary Supplementary NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 31 Figure Figure NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 32 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 33 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 55 34 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 56 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 56 2 entire entire JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 56 3 COVID-19 COVID-19 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 56 4 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 56 5 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 56 6 manually manually RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 56 7 inspected inspect VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 56 8 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 56 9 re re RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 56 10 - - VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 56 11 curated curated JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 56 12 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 56 13 this this DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 56 14 graph graph NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 56 15 database database NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 56 16 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 56 17 openly openly RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 56 18 accessible accessible JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 56 19 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 56 20 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 56 21 scientific scientific JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 56 22 community community NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 56 23 at at IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 56 24 http://graphstore.scai.fraunhofer.de http://graphstore.scai.fraunhofer.de NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 56 25 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 57 1 Figure figure NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 57 2 2 2 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 57 3 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 57 4 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 57 5 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 57 6 supergraph supergraph NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 57 7 integrates integrate VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 57 8 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 57 9 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 57 10 target target NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 57 11 information information NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 57 12 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 57 13 form form VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 57 14 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 57 15 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 57 16 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 57 17 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 1 a a LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 3 An an DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 4 aggregate aggregate NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 5 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 6 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 7 constituent constituent NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 8 COVID-19 COVID-19 , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 9 computable computable JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 10 models model NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 11 covering cover VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 12 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 13 wide wide JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 14 spectrum spectrum NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 15 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 16 pathophysiological pathophysiological JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 17 mechanisms mechanism NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 18 associated associate VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 19 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 20 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 21 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 22 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 23 infection infection NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 24 or or CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 25 harmonized harmonize VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 26 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 27 generate generate VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 28 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 29 mechanism mechanism NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 30 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 31 based base VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 32 COVID-19 covid-19 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 33 supergraph supergraph NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 58 34 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 1 b b LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 3 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 4 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 5 supergraph supergraph NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 6 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 7 annotated annotate VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 8 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 9 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 10 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 11 target target NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 12 information information NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 13 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 14 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 15 variety variety NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 16 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 17 curated curate VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 18 sources source NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 19 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 20 generate generate VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 21 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 22 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 23 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 24 composed compose VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 25 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 26 150662 150662 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 27 nodes node NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 28 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 29 representing represent VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 30 proteins protein NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 31 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 32 .CC .CC : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 33 - - : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 34 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 35 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 36 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 37 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 38 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 39 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 40 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 41 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 59 42 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 51 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 52 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 53 9 9 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 54 pathologies pathology NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 55 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 56 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 57 other other JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 58 biological biological JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 59 entities entity NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 60 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 61 concepts concept NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 62 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 63 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 64 573929 573929 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 65 edges edge NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 66 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 67 indicating indicate VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 68 relationships relationship NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 69 or or CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 70 interactions interaction NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 71 between between IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 72 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 73 pair pair NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 74 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 75 nodes node NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 76 they -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 77 connect connect VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 78 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 60 79 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 1 Systematic systematic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 2 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 3 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 4 integration integration NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 5 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 6 information information NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 7 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 8 phenotypic phenotypic NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 9 screening screening NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 10 At at IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 11 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 12 time time NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 13 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 14 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 15 writing writing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 16 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 17 this this DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 18 paper paper NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 19 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 20 six six CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 21 phenotypic phenotypic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 22 cellular cellular JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 23 screening screening NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 24 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 25 have have VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 26 been be VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 27 shared share VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 28 via via IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 29 archive archive JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 30 servers server NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 31 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 32 journal journal NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 33 publications publication NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 34 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 35 Supplementary Supplementary NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 36 Table Table NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 37 2 2 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 38 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 61 39 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 1 Although although IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 2 only only RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 3 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 4 limited limited JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 5 number number NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 6 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 7 these these DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 8 manuscripts manuscript NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 9 have have VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 10 been be VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 11 officially officially RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 12 accepted accept VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 13 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 14 published publish VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 16 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 17 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 18 able able JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 19 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 20 extract extract VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 21 their -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 22 primary primary JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 23 findings finding NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 24 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 25 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 26 pre pre JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 27 - - NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 28 publication publication JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 29 archive archive JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 30 servers server NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 62 31 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 1 A a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 2 significant significant JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 3 number number NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 5 reports report NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 6 on on IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 7 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 8 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 9 screenings screening NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 10 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 11 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 12 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 13 context context NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 14 demonstrate demonstrate NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 15 how how WRB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 16 appealing appeal VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 17 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 18 concept concept NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 19 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 20 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 21 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 22 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 23 as as IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 24 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 25 quick quick JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 26 answer answer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 27 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 28 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 29 challenge challenge NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 30 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 31 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 32 global global JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 33 pandemic pandemic NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 63 34 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 64 1 Drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 64 2 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 64 3 screenings screening NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 64 4 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 64 5 all all DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 64 6 performed perform VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 64 7 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 64 8 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 64 9 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 64 10 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 64 11 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 64 12 significant significant JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 64 13 amount amount NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 64 14 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 64 15 information information NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 64 16 on on IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 64 17 safety safety NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 64 18 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 64 19 humans human NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 64 20 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 64 21 primary primary JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 64 22 mechanism mechanism NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 64 23 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 64 24 action action NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 64 25 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 64 26 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 64 27 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 65 1 We -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 65 2 generated generate VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 65 3 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 65 4 list list NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 65 5 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 65 6 “ " `` 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 65 7 hits hit NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 65 8 ” " '' 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 65 9 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 65 10 cellular cellular JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 65 11 screening screening NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 65 12 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 65 13 while while IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 65 14 results result NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 65 15 derived derive VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 65 16 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 65 17 publications publication NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 65 18 that that WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 65 19 reported report VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 65 20 on on IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 65 21 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 65 22 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 65 23 silico silico NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 65 24 screening screening NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 65 25 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 65 26 ignored ignore VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 65 27 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 1 Therefore therefore RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 3 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 4 keep keep VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 5 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 6 strict strict JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 7 focus focus NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 8 on on IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 9 well well RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 10 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 11 characterized characterize VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 13 well well RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 14 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 15 understood understand VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 16 candidate candidate NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 17 molecules molecule NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 18 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 19 order order NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 20 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 21 ensure ensure VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 22 that that IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 23 one one CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 24 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 25 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 26 pivotal pivotal JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 27 advantages advantage NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 28 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 29 this this DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 30 knowledge knowledge NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 31 base base NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 32 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 33 its -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 34 use use NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 35 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 36 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 37 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 66 38 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 1 Subgraph Subgraph NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 2 annotation annotation NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 3 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 4 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 5 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 6 contains contain VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 7 several several JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 8 subgraphs subgraph NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 10 three three CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 11 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 12 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 13 correspond correspond VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 14 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 15 major major JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 16 views view NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 17 on on IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 19 biology biology NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 20 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 21 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 22 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 23 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 24 as as RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 25 well well RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 26 as as IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 27 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 28 clinical clinical JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 29 impact impact NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 30 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 31 COVID-19 COVID-19 , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 32 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 33 - - : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 34 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 35 viral viral JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 36 life life NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 37 cycle cycle NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 38 subgraph subgraph NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 39 focuses focus VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 40 on on IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 41 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 42 stages stage NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 43 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 44 viral viral JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 45 infection infection NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 46 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 47 replication replication NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 48 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 49 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 50 spreading spread VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 67 51 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 68 1 - - : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 68 2 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 68 3 host host NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 68 4 response response NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 68 5 subgraph subgraph NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 68 6 represents represent VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 68 7 essential essential JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 68 8 mechanisms mechanism NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 68 9 active active JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 68 10 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 68 11 host host NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 68 12 cells cell NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 68 13 infected infect VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 68 14 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 68 15 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 68 16 virus virus NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 68 17 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 69 1 .CC .CC NFP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 69 2 - - : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 69 3 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 69 4 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 69 5 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 69 6 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 69 7 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 69 8 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 69 9 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 69 10 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 69 11 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 51 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 52 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 53 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 54 - - : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 55 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 56 clinical clinical JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 57 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 58 subgraph subgraph NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 59 illustrates illustrate VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 60 major major JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 61 pathophysiological pathophysiological JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 62 processes process NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 63 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 64 clinical clinical JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 65 relevance relevance NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 70 66 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 1 These these DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 2 subgraphs subgraph NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 3 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 4 annotated annotate VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 5 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 6 identifying identify VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 7 nodes node NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 8 within within IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 9 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 10 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 11 PHARMACOME pharmacome NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 12 that that WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 13 represent represent VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 14 specific specific JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 15 biological biological JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 16 processes process NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 17 or or CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 18 pathologies pathology NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 19 associated associate VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 20 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 21 each each DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 22 subgraph subgraph JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 23 category category NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 24 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 25 traversing traverse VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 26 out out RP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 27 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 28 their -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 29 first first JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 30 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 31 degree degree NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 32 neighbors neighbor NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 71 33 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 1 For for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 2 example example NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 4 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 5 biological biological JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 6 process process NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 7 node node RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 8 representing represent VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 9 “ " `` 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 10 viral viral JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 11 translation translation NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 12 ” " '' 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 13 would would MD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 14 be be VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 15 classified classify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 16 as as IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 17 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 18 starting starting NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 19 node node NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 20 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 21 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 22 viral viral JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 23 life life NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 24 cycle cycle NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 25 subgraph subgraph NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 26 while while IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 28 node node RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 29 defined define VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 30 as as IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 31 “ " `` 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 32 defense defense NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 33 response response NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 34 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 35 virus virus NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 36 " " '' 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 37 would would MD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 38 be be VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 39 categorized categorize VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 40 as as IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 41 belonging belong VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 42 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 43 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 44 host host NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 45 response response NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 46 subgraph subgraph NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 72 47 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 1 Though though IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 2 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 3 viral viral JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 4 life life NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 5 cycle cycle NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 6 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 7 host host NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 8 response response NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 9 subgraphs subgraph NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 10 contain contain VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 11 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 12 wide wide JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 13 variety variety NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 14 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 15 node node NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 16 types type NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 17 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 19 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 20 subgraph subgraph NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 21 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 22 restricted restrict VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 23 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 24 pathology pathology NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 25 nodes node NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 26 associated associate VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 27 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 28 either either CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 29 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 30 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 31 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 32 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 33 virus virus NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 34 or or CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 35 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 36 COVID-19 covid-19 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 37 pathology pathology NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 73 38 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 1 Mapping map VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 2 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 3 gene gene NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 4 expression expression NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 5 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 6 onto onto IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 7 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 8 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 9 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 10 Two two CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 11 single single JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 12 cell cell NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 13 sequencing sequencing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 14 data data NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 15 sets set NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 16 representing represent VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 17 infected infected JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 18 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 19 non non JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 20 - - JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 21 infected infected JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 22 cells cell NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 23 directly directly RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 24 derived derive VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 25 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 26 human human JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 27 samples32 samples32 NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 28 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 29 cultured culture VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 30 human human JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 31 bronchial bronchial JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 32 epithelial epithelial NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 33 cells33 cells33 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 34 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 35 HBECs HBECs NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 36 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 37 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 38 used use VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 39 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 40 identify identify VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 41 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 42 areas area NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 43 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 44 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 45 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 46 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 47 responding respond VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 48 at at IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 49 gene gene NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 50 expression expression NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 51 level level NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 52 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 53 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 54 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 55 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 56 infection infection NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 74 57 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 75 1 Details detail NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 75 2 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 75 3 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 75 4 gene gene NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 75 5 expression expression NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 75 6 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 75 7 processing processing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 75 8 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 75 9 mapping mapping NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 75 10 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 75 11 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 75 12 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 75 13 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 75 14 supplementary supplementary JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 75 15 material material NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 75 16 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 75 17 section section NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 75 18 gene gene NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 75 19 expression expression NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 75 20 data data NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 75 21 analysis analysis NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 75 22 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 75 23 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 76 1 Pathway pathway JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 76 2 enrichment enrichment NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 76 3 Associated associated JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 76 4 pathways pathway NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 76 5 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 76 6 subgraphs subgraph NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 76 7 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 76 8 significant significant JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 76 9 targets target NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 76 10 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 76 11 identified identify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 76 12 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 76 13 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 76 14 Enrichr34 Enrichr34 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 76 15 feature feature NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 76 16 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 76 17 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 76 18 gseapy gseapy NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 76 19 Python Python NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 76 20 package35 package35 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 76 21 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 77 1 Briefly briefly RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 77 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 77 3 gene gene NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 77 4 symbol symbol NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 77 5 lists list NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 77 6 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 77 7 assembled assemble VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 77 8 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 77 9 their -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 77 10 respective respective JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 77 11 subgraph subgraph NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 77 12 or or CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 77 13 dataset dataset NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 77 14 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 77 15 compared compare VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 77 16 against against IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 77 17 multiple multiple JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 77 18 pathway pathway JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 77 19 gene gene NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 77 20 set set NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 77 21 libraries library NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 77 22 including include VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 77 23 Reactome Reactome NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 77 24 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 77 25 KEGG KEGG NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 77 26 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 77 27 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 77 28 WikiPathways WikiPathways NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 77 29 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 78 1 To to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 78 2 account account VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 78 3 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 78 4 multiple multiple JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 78 5 comparisons comparison NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 78 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 78 7 p p NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 78 8 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 78 9 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 78 10 .CC .CC NFP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 78 11 - - : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 78 12 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 78 13 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 78 14 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 78 15 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 78 16 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 78 17 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 78 18 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 78 19 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 78 20 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 51 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 52 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 53 11 11 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 54 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 55 corrected correct VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 56 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 57 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 58 Benjamini Benjamini NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 59 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 60 Hochberg36 Hochberg36 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 61 method method NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 62 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 63 results result VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 64 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 65 p p NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 66 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 67 values value NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 68 < < XX 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 69 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 70 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 71 considered consider VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 72 significantly significantly RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 73 enriched enrich VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 79 74 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 80 1 Drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 80 2 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 80 3 screening screening NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 80 4 We -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 80 5 performed perform VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 80 6 phenotypic phenotypic NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 80 7 assays assay NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 80 8 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 80 9 screen screen NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 80 10 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 80 11 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 80 12 drugs drug NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 80 13 that that WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 80 14 inhibit inhibit VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 80 15 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 80 16 replication replication NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 80 17 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 80 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 80 19 cytopathic cytopathic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 80 20 effects effect NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 80 21 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 80 22 virus virus NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 80 23 infection infection NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 80 24 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 1 A a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 2 derivative derivative NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 3 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 4 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 5 Broad Broad NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 6 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 7 library library NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 8 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 9 used use VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 10 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 11 incubate incubate VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 12 Caco-2 Caco-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 13 cells cell NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 14 before before IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 15 infecting infect VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 16 them -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 17 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 18 an an DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 19 isolate isolate NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 20 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 21 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 22 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 23 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 24 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 25 FFM-1 FFM-1 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 26 isolate isolate NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 27 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 28 see see VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 29 37 37 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 30 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 81 31 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 82 1 Survival survival NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 82 2 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 82 3 cells cell NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 82 4 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 82 5 assessed assess VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 82 6 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 82 7 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 82 8 cell cell NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 82 9 viability viability NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 82 10 assay assay NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 82 11 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 82 12 measured measure VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 82 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 82 14 high- high- JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 82 15 content content NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 82 16 imaging imaging NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 82 17 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 82 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 82 19 Operetta Operetta NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 82 20 CLS CLS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 82 21 platform platform NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 82 22 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 82 23 PerkinElmer PerkinElmer NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 82 24 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 82 25 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 83 1 Details detail NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 83 2 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 83 3 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 83 4 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 83 5 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 83 6 screening screening NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 83 7 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 83 8 described describe VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 83 9 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 83 10 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 83 11 supplemental supplemental JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 83 12 material material NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 83 13 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 1 Drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 2 combinations combination NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 3 assessment assessment NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 4 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 5 anti anti JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 6 - - JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 7 cytopathic cytopathic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 8 effect effect NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 9 measured measure VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 10 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 11 Caco-2 Caco-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 12 cells cell NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 13 As as IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 14 described describe VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 15 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 16 Ellinger Ellinger NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 17 et et NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 18 al al NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 19 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 20 ,38 ,38 , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 21 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 22 challenged challenge VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 23 four four CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 24 combinations combination NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 25 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 26 five five CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 27 different different JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 28 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 29 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 30 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 31 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 32 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 33 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 34 virus virus NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 35 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 36 four four CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 37 96-well 96-well CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 38 plates plate NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 39 containing contain VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 40 two two CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 41 drugs drug NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 42 each each DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 84 43 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 85 1 Eight eight CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 85 2 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 85 3 concentrations concentration NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 85 4 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 85 5 chosen choose VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 85 6 ranging range VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 85 7 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 85 8 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 85 9 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 85 10 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 85 11 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 85 12 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 85 13 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 85 14 diluted dilute VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 85 15 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 85 16 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 85 17 factor factor NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 85 18 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 85 19 3 3 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 85 20 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 85 21 positioned position VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 85 22 orthogonally orthogonally RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 85 23 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 85 24 each each DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 85 25 other other JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 85 26 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 85 27 rows row NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 85 28 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 85 29 columns column NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 85 30 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 86 1 No no DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 86 2 pharmacological pharmacological JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 86 3 control control NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 86 4 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 86 5 used use VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 86 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 86 7 only only RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 86 8 cells cell NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 86 9 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 86 10 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 86 11 without without IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 86 12 exposure exposure NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 86 13 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 86 14 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 86 15 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 86 16 virus virus NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 86 17 at at IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 86 18 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 86 19 MOI MOI NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 86 20 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 1 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 2 addition addition NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 4 recently recently RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 5 published publish VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 6 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 7 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 8 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 9 work work NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 10 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 11 Bobrowski Bobrowski NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 12 et et NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 13 al.39 al.39 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 15 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 16 mapped map VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 17 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 19 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 20 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 21 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 22 compared compare VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 23 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 24 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 25 results result NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 26 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 27 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 28 combinatorial combinatorial JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 29 treatment treatment NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 30 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 31 performed perform VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 32 here here RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 87 33 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 88 1 .CC .CC NFP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 88 2 - - : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 88 3 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 88 4 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 88 5 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 88 6 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 88 7 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 88 8 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 88 9 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 88 10 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 88 11 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 51 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 52 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 53 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 54 Results result NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 55 Comparative comparative JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 56 analysis analysis NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 57 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 58 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 59 hits hit NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 60 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 61 different different JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 62 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 63 screenings screening NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 64 Data Data NNPS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 65 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 66 six six CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 67 published publish VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 68 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 69 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 70 screenings screening NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 71 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 72 downloaded download VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 73 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 74 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 75 extensive extensive JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 76 mapping mapping NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 77 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 78 curation curation NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 79 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 80 performed perform VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 81 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 82 order order NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 83 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 84 harmonize harmonize VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 85 chemical chemical JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 86 identifiers identifier NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 89 87 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 2 curated curated JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 3 list list NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 5 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 6 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 7 “ " `` 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 8 hits hit NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 9 ” " '' 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 10 together together RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 11 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 12 an an DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 13 annotation annotation NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 14 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 15 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 16 assay assay NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 17 conditions condition NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 18 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 19 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 20 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 21 http://chembl.blogspot.com/2020/05/chembl27-sars-cov-2-release.html http://chembl.blogspot.com/2020/05/chembl27-sars-cov-2-release.html NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 22 Initially initially RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 23 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 24 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 25 analyzed analyze VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 26 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 27 overlap overlap NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 28 between between IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 29 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 30 identified identify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 31 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 32 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 33 reported report VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 34 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 35 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 36 screening screening NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 37 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 90 38 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 1 Figure figure NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 2 3A 3A NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 3 shows show VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 4 no no DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 5 overlap overlap NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 6 between between IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 7 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 8 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 10 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 12 surprising surprising JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 13 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 14 as as IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 15 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 16 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 17 comparing compare VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 18 highly highly RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 19 specific specific JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 20 candidate candidate NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 21 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 22 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 23 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 24 screenings screening NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 25 based base VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 26 on on IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 27 large large JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 28 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 29 repositioning repositioning NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 30 libraries library NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 91 31 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 92 1 However however RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 92 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 92 3 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 92 4 overlap overlap NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 92 5 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 92 6 still still RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 92 7 quite quite RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 92 8 marginal marginal JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 92 9 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 92 10 those those DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 92 11 screenings screening NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 92 12 where where WRB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 92 13 large large JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 92 14 compound compound NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 92 15 collections collection NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 92 16 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 92 17 Broad broad JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 92 18 library library NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 92 19 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 92 20 ReFRAME reframe JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 92 21 library library NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 92 22 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 92 23 have have VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 92 24 been be VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 92 25 used use VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 92 26 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 93 1 Figure figure NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 93 2 3 3 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 93 3 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 93 4 Overlap overlap NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 93 5 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 93 6 compound compound NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 93 7 hits hit NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 93 8 between between IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 93 9 different different JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 93 10 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 93 11 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 93 12 screening screening NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 93 13 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 93 14 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 94 1 a a LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 94 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 94 3 Direct direct JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 94 4 comparison comparison NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 94 5 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 94 6 overlapping overlap VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 94 7 hits hit NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 94 8 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 94 9 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 94 10 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 94 11 screenings screening NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 94 12 revealed reveal VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 94 13 no no DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 94 14 overlap overlap NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 94 15 between between IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 94 16 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 94 17 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 94 18 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 95 1 These these DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 95 2 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 95 3 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 95 4 performed perform VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 95 5 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 95 6 different different JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 95 7 cell cell NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 95 8 types type NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 95 9 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 95 10 Vero Vero NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 95 11 E6 e6 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 95 12 cells cell NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 95 13 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 95 14 Caco2 caco2 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 95 15 cells cell NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 95 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 95 17 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 96 1 b b LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 96 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 96 3 Protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 96 4 target target NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 96 5 space space NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 96 6 overlap overlap NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 96 7 between between IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 96 8 different different JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 96 9 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 96 10 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 96 11 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 96 12 screenings screening NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 96 13 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 97 1 Drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 97 2 targets target NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 97 3 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 97 4 identified identify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 97 5 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 97 6 confidence confidence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 97 7 level level NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 97 8 > > NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 97 9 = = SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 97 10 8 8 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 97 11 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 97 12 single single JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 97 13 protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 97 14 targets target NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 97 15 according accord VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 97 16 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 97 17 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 97 18 ChEMBL ChEMBL NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 97 19 database database NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 97 20 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 98 1 Comparison comparison NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 98 2 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 98 3 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 98 4 indicates indicate VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 98 5 over over IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 98 6 one one CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 98 7 hundred hundred CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 98 8 common common JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 98 9 protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 98 10 targets target NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 98 11 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 99 1 .CC .CC NFP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 99 2 - - : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 99 3 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 99 4 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 99 5 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 99 6 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 99 7 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 99 8 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 99 9 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 99 10 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 99 11 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 51 http://chembl.blogspot.com/2020/05/chembl27-sars-cov-2-release.html http://chembl.blogspot.com/2020/05/chembl27-sars-cov-2-release.html VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 52 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 53 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 54 13 13 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 55 Mapping mapping NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 56 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 57 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 58 hits hit NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 59 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 60 target target VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 61 proteins protein NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 62 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 63 order order NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 64 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 65 identify identify VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 66 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 67 proteins protein NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 68 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 69 targeted target VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 70 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 71 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 72 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 73 hits hit NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 74 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 75 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 76 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 77 investigate investigate VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 78 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 79 extent extent NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 80 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 81 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 82 there there EX 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 83 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 84 overlaps overlap NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 85 between between IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 86 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 87 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 88 at at IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 89 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 90 target target NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 91 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 92 protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 93 level level NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 94 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 95 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 96 mapped map VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 97 all all PDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 98 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 99 identified identify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 100 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 101 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 102 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 103 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 104 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 105 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 106 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 107 their -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 108 respective respective JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 109 targets target NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 100 110 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 1 As as IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 2 most most JJS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 3 drugs drug NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 4 bind bind VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 5 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 6 more more JJR 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 7 than than IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 8 one one CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 9 target target NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 10 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 11 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 12 increase increase VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 13 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 14 likelihood likelihood NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 15 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 16 overlaps overlap NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 17 between between IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 19 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 20 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 21 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 22 when when WRB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 23 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 24 compare compare VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 25 them -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 26 at at IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 27 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 28 protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 29 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 30 target target NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 31 space space NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 101 32 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 1 Indeed indeed RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 3 Figure figure NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 4 3B 3b NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 5 shows show VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 6 an an DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 7 overlap overlap NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 8 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 9 112 112 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 10 targets target NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 11 between between IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 12 all all PDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 13 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 14 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 15 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 16 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 17 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 18 thereby thereby RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 19 creating create VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 20 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 21 list list NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 22 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 23 potential potential JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 24 proteins protein NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 25 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 26 therapeutic therapeutic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 27 intervention intervention NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 28 when when WRB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 29 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 30 compound compound NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 31 targets target NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 32 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 33 considered consider VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 34 rather rather RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 35 than than IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 36 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 37 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 38 themselves -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 102 39 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 2 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 3 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 4 associates associate VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 5 pathways pathway NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 6 derived derive VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 7 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 8 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 9 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 10 targets target NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 11 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 12 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 13 mechanisms mechanism NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 14 A a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 15 non non JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 16 - - JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 17 redundant redundant JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 18 list list NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 19 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 20 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 21 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 22 candidate candidate NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 23 molecules molecule NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 24 that that WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 25 display display VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 26 activity activity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 27 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 28 phenotypic phenotypic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 29 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 30 cellular cellular JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 31 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 32 assays assay NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 33 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 34 generated generate VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 35 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 36 mapped map VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 37 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 38 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 39 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 40 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 103 41 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 1 Figure figure NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 2 4 4 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 3 shows show VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 4 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 5 distribution distribution NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 6 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 7 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 8 drugs drug NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 9 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 10 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 11 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 12 cause cause NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 13 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 14 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 15 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 16 effect effect NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 17 graph graph NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 19 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 20 “ " `` 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 21 responsive responsive JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 22 part part NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 23 ” " '' 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 24 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 25 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 26 graph graph NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 27 that that WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 28 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 29 characterized characterize VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 30 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 31 changes change NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 32 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 33 gene gene NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 34 expression expression NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 35 associated associate VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 36 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 37 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 38 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 39 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 40 infection infection NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 41 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 42 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 43 overlap overlap NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 44 between between IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 45 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 46 two two CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 47 subgraphs subgraph NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 104 48 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 105 1 This this DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 105 2 overlap overlap NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 105 3 analysis analysis NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 105 4 allows allow VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 105 5 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 105 6 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 105 7 identification identification NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 105 8 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 105 9 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 105 10 drugs drug NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 105 11 targeting target VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 105 12 mechanisms mechanism NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 105 13 that that WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 105 14 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 105 15 modulated modulate VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 105 16 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 105 17 viral viral JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 105 18 infection infection NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 105 19 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 1 A a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 2 total total JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 3 number number NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 5 870 870 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 6 mechanisms mechanism NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 7 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 8 identified identify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 9 as as IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 10 being be VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 11 targeted target VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 12 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 13 most most JJS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 14 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 15 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 16 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 17 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 18 candidates candidate NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 19 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 20 see see VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 21 section section NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 22 “ " `` 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 23 Associated Associated NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 24 pathway pathway JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 25 identification identification NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 26 ” " '' 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 27 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 28 supplementary supplementary JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 29 materials material NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 30 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 106 31 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 1 When when WRB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 2 compared compare VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 3 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 4 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 5 annotated annotated JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 6 subgraphs subgraph NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 7 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 8 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 9 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 10 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 12 201 201 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 13 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 14 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 15 227 227 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 16 determined determine VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 17 associated associate VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 18 pathways pathway NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 19 found find VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 20 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 21 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 22 viral viral JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 23 life life NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 24 cycle cycle NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 25 subgraph subgraph NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 26 overlapped overlap VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 27 .CC .CC : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 28 - - : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 29 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 30 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 31 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 32 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 33 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 34 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 35 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 36 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 107 37 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 51 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 52 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 53 14 14 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 54 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 55 those those DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 56 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 57 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 58 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 59 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 60 targets target NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 61 while while IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 62 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 63 host host NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 64 response response NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 65 subgraph subgraph NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 66 shared share VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 67 90 90 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 68 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 69 its -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 70 105 105 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 71 pathways pathway NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 108 72 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 1 Mapping map VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 2 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 3 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 4 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 5 signals signal NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 6 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 7 hypervariable hypervariable JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 8 regions region NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 9 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 10 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 11 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 12 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 13 One one CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 14 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 15 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 16 key key JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 17 questions question NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 18 arising arise VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 19 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 20 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 21 network network NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 22 analysis analysis NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 23 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 24 whether whether IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 25 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 26 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 27 drugs drug NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 28 target target VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 29 mechanisms mechanism NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 30 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 31 specifically specifically RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 32 activated activate VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 33 during during IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 34 viral viral JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 35 infection infection NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 109 36 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 1 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 2 order order NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 3 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 4 establish establish VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 5 this this DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 6 link link NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 8 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 9 mapped map VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 10 differential differential NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 11 gene gene NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 12 expression expression NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 13 analyses analyse VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 14 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 15 two two CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 16 single single JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 17 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 18 cell cell NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 19 sequencing sequencing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 20 studies study NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 21 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 22 our -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 23 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 24 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 25 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 26 see see VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 27 section section NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 28 “ " `` 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 29 Differential Differential NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 30 Gene Gene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 31 Expression Expression NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 32 ” " '' 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 34 supplementary supplementary JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 35 material material NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 36 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 110 37 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 1 An an DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 2 overlay overlay NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 3 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 4 differential differential JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 5 gene gene NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 6 expression expression NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 7 data data NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 9 adjusted adjust VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 10 p p NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 11 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 12 value value NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 13 ≤ ≤ NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 14 0.1 0.1 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 15 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 16 abs(log abs(log JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 17 fold fold JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 18 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 19 change change NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 20 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 21 > > XX 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 22 0.25 0.25 LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 23 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 24 on on IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 25 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 26 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 27 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 28 reveals reveal VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 29 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 30 distinct distinct JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 31 pattern pattern NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 32 characterized characterize VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 33 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 34 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 35 high high JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 36 responsiveness responsiveness NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 37 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 38 expressed express VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 39 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 40 variation variation NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 41 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 42 regulation regulation NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 43 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 44 gene gene NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 45 expression expression NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 46 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 47 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 48 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 49 viral viral JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 50 infection infection NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 51 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 52 Figure Figure NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 53 4A 4A NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 54 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 111 55 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 112 1 .CC .CC NFP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 112 2 - - : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 112 3 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 112 4 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 112 5 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 112 6 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 112 7 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 112 8 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 112 9 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 112 10 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 112 11 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 51 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 52 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 53 15 15 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 54 Figure figure NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 55 4 4 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 56 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 57 Identification identification NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 58 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 59 suitable suitable JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 60 targets target NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 61 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 62 combination combination NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 63 therapy therapy NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 64 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 65 comparing compare VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 66 subgraphs subgraph NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 67 within within IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 68 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 69 COVID- COVID- NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 70 19 19 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 71 PHARMACOME pharmacome NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 113 72 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 1 Incorporation incorporation NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 2 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 3 gene gene NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 4 expression expression NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 5 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 6 into into IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 7 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 8 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 9 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 10 resulted result VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 11 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 12 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 13 subgraph subgraph NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 14 characterized characterize VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 15 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 16 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 17 entities entity NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 18 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 19 genes gene NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 21 proteins protein NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 22 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 23 that that WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 24 respond respond VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 25 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 26 viral viral JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 27 infection infection NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 28 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 29 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 30 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 114 31 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 1 Mapping map VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 2 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 3 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 4 filtered filter VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 5 results result NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 6 obtained obtain VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 7 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 8 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 9 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 10 screenings screening NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 11 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 12 IC50 IC50 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 13 < < NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 14 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 15 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 17 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 19 PHARMACOME pharmacome NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 20 resulted result VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 21 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 22 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 23 subgraph subgraph NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 24 enriched enrich VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 25 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 26 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 27 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 28 targets target NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 29 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 30 b b NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 31 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 115 32 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 2 intersection intersection NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 3 between between IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 4 subgraphs subgraph NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 5 presented present VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 6 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 7 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 8 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 9 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 10 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 11 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 12 b b NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 13 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 14 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 15 highly highly RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 16 enriched enrich VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 17 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 18 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 19 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 20 targets target NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 21 directly directly RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 22 linked link VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 23 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 24 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 25 viral viral JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 26 infection infection NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 27 response response NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 28 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 29 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 30 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 116 31 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 1 Virus virus NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 2 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 3 response response NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 4 mechanisms mechanism NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 5 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 6 targets target NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 7 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 8 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 9 drugs drug NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 10 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 11 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 12 next next JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 13 step step NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 15 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 16 analyzed analyze VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 17 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 18 areas area NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 19 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 20 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 21 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 22 graph graph NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 23 respond respond NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 24 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 25 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 26 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 27 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 28 infection infection NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 29 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 30 indicated indicate VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 31 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 32 significant significant JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 33 variance variance NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 34 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 35 gene gene NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 36 expression expression NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 37 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 38 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 39 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 40 targets target NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 41 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 42 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 43 drugs drug NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 117 44 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 118 1 To to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 118 2 this this DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 118 3 end end NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 118 4 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 118 5 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 118 6 mapped map VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 118 7 signals signal NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 118 8 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 118 9 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 118 10 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 118 11 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 118 12 screenings screening NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 118 13 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 118 14 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 118 15 subgraph subgraph NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 118 16 that that WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 118 17 showed show VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 118 18 responsiveness responsiveness NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 118 19 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 118 20 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 118 21 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 118 22 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 118 23 infection infection NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 118 24 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 118 25 Figure figure NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 118 26 4B 4b NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 118 27 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 118 28 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 1 Figure figure NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 2 4C 4c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 3 depicts depict VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 4 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 5 resulting result VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 6 subgraph subgraph NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 7 that that WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 8 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 9 characterized characterize VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 10 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 11 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 12 transcriptional transcriptional JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 13 response response NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 14 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 15 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 16 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 17 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 18 infection infection NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 19 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 20 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 21 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 22 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 23 target target NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 24 proteins protein NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 25 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 26 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 27 that that WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 28 have have VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 29 been be VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 30 identified identify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 31 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 32 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 33 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 34 screening screening NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 35 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 119 36 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 120 1 .CC .CC NFP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 120 2 - - : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 120 3 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 120 4 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 120 5 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 120 6 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 120 7 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 120 8 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 120 9 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 120 10 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 120 11 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 51 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 52 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 53 16 16 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 54 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 55 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 56 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 57 supports support VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 58 rational rational JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 59 targeting targeting NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 60 strategies strategy NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 61 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 62 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 63 combination combination NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 64 therapy therapy NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 65 We -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 66 mapped map VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 67 existing exist VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 68 combinatorial combinatorial NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 69 therapy therapy NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 70 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 71 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 72 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 73 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 74 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 75 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 76 order order NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 77 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 78 evaluate evaluate VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 79 its -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 80 potential potential NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 81 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 82 guiding guide VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 83 rational rational JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 84 approaches approach NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 85 towards towards IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 86 combination combination NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 87 therapy therapy NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 88 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 89 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 90 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 91 candidates candidate NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 121 92 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 122 1 Combinatorial combinatorial JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 122 2 treatment treatment NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 122 3 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 122 4 obtained obtain VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 122 5 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 122 6 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 122 7 results result NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 122 8 published publish VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 122 9 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 122 10 Bobrowski Bobrowski NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 122 11 et et FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 122 12 al.40 al.40 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 122 13 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 122 14 Ellinger Ellinger NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 122 15 et et NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 122 16 al.41 al.41 '' 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 122 17 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 122 18 mapped map VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 122 19 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 122 20 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 122 21 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 122 22 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 122 23 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 123 1 Figure figure NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 123 2 5 5 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 123 3 provides provide VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 123 4 an an DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 123 5 overview overview NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 123 6 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 123 7 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 123 8 mapped map VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 123 9 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 123 10 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 123 11 thier thi JJR 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 123 12 protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 123 13 targets target NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 123 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 123 15 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 123 16 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 123 17 interaction interaction NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 123 18 mechanisms mechanism NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 123 19 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 1 Analysis analysis NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 2 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 3 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 4 overlaps overlap NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 5 between between IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 6 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 7 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 8 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 9 screening screening NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 10 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 11 showed show VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 12 that that IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 13 four four CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 14 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 15 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 16 ten ten CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 17 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 18 reported report VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 19 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 20 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 21 synergistic synergistic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 22 treatment treatment NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 23 approach approach NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 24 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 25 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 26 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 27 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 28 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 29 represented represent VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 30 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 31 our -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 32 initial initial JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 33 non- non- NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 34 redundant redundant JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 35 set set NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 36 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 37 candidate candidate NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 38 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 39 drugs drug NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 124 40 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 125 1 .CC .CC NFP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 125 2 - - : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 125 3 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 125 4 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 125 5 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 125 6 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 125 7 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 125 8 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 125 9 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 125 10 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 125 11 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 51 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 52 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 53 17 17 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 54 Figure figure NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 55 5 5 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 56 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 57 Visualization visualization NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 58 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 59 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 60 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 61 candidates candidate NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 62 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 63 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 64 their -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 65 targets target NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 66 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 67 used use VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 68 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 69 combination combination NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 70 treatment treatment NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 71 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 126 72 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 127 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 127 2 subgraph subgraph NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 127 3 depicts depict VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 127 4 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 127 5 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 127 6 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 127 7 candidate candidate NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 127 8 molecules molecule NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 127 9 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 127 10 relation relation NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 127 11 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 127 12 each each DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 127 13 other other JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 127 14 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 127 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 127 16 targets target NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 127 17 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 128 1 Shortest short JJS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 128 2 path path NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 128 3 lengths length NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 128 4 between between IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 128 5 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 128 6 combinations combination NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 128 7 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 128 8 calculated calculate VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 128 9 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 128 10 this this DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 128 11 subgraph subgraph NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 128 12 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 128 13 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 128 14 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 128 15 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 128 16 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 128 17 supplementary supplementary JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 128 18 material material NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 128 19 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 128 20 Supplementary Supplementary NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 128 21 Table Table NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 128 22 5 5 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 128 23 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 128 24 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 1 Based base VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 2 on on IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 3 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 4 association association NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 5 between between IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 6 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 7 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 8 candidates candidate NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 9 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 10 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 11 areas area NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 12 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 13 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 14 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 15 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 16 that that WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 17 respond respond VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 18 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 19 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 20 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 21 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 22 infection infection NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 23 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 24 Figure figure NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 25 4 4 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 26 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 27 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 28 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 29 hypothesized hypothesize VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 30 that that IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 32 number number NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 33 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 34 edges edge NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 35 between between IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 36 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 37 pair pair NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 38 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 39 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 40 nodes node NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 41 may may MD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 42 be be VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 43 linked link VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 44 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 45 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 46 effectiveness effectiveness NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 47 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 48 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 49 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 50 combination combination NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 51 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 52 Supplementary Supplementary NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 53 Figure Figure NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 54 2 2 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 55 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 129 56 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 1 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 2 order order NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 3 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 4 evaluate evaluate VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 5 whether whether IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 6 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 7 determined determine VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 8 outcome outcome NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 9 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 10 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 11 combination combination NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 12 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 13 drugs drug NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 14 correlated correlate VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 15 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 16 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 17 distance distance NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 18 between between IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 19 said say VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 20 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 21 nodes node NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 23 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 24 compared compare VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 25 distances distance NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 26 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 27 combinations combination NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 28 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 29 drugs drug NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 30 within within IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 32 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 33 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 34 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 35 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 36 .CC .cc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 37 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 38 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 39 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 40 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 41 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 42 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 43 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 44 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 45 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 130 46 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 51 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 52 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 53 18 18 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 54 their -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 55 effect effect NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 56 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 57 known know VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 58 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 59 Supplementary Supplementary NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 60 Tables Tables NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 61 3 3 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 62 & & CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 63 5 5 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 64 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 131 65 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 1 Of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 2 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 3 47 47 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 4 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 5 combinations combination NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 6 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 7 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 8 able able JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 9 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 10 check check VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 11 within within IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 12 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 13 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 14 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 16 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 17 found find VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 18 that that IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 19 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 20 pairs pair NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 21 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 22 drugs drug NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 23 known know VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 24 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 25 have have VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 26 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 27 synergistic synergistic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 28 effect effect NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 29 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 30 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 31 treatment treatment NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 32 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 33 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 34 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 35 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 36 had have VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 37 an an DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 38 average average JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 39 shortest short JJS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 40 path path NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 41 length length NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 42 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 43 2.43 2.43 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 44 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 45 while while IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 46 antagonistic antagonistic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 47 combinations combination NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 48 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 49 found find VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 50 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 51 be be VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 52 farther far RBR 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 53 apart apart RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 54 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 55 an an DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 56 average average JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 57 shortest short JJS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 58 path path NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 59 length length NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 60 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 61 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 62 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 63 Supplementary Supplementary NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 64 Table Table NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 65 7 7 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 66 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 132 67 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 1 Based base VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 2 on on IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 3 our -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 4 calculations calculation NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 6 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 7 formulated formulate VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 8 three three CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 9 categories category NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 10 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 11 predicting predict VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 12 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 13 outcome outcome NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 14 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 15 new new JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 16 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 17 combinations combination NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 18 on on IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 19 infection infection NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 20 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 21 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 22 shortest short JJS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 23 path path NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 24 lengths length NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 25 between between IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 26 them -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 27 within within IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 28 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 29 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 30 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 133 31 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 1 Drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 2 combinations combination NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 3 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 4 shortest short JJS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 5 path path NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 6 lengths length NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 7 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 8 2 2 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 9 indicate indicate VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 10 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 11 synergistic synergistic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 12 relationship relationship NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 13 between between IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 14 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 15 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 16 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 17 3 3 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 18 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 19 determined determined JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 20 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 21 be be VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 22 inconclusive inconclusive JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 23 as as IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 24 our -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 25 calculations calculation NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 26 did do VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 27 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 28 justify justify VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 29 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 30 specific specific JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 31 outcome outcome NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 32 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 33 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 34 those those DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 35 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 36 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 37 shortest short JJS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 38 path path NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 39 length length NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 40 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 41 4 4 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 42 or or CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 43 more more JJR 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 44 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 45 predicted predict VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 46 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 47 have have VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 48 an an DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 49 antagonistic antagonistic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 50 relationship relationship NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 134 51 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 1 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 2 order order NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 3 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 4 test test VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 5 our -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 6 ability ability NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 7 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 8 predict predict VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 9 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 10 outcome outcome NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 11 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 12 novel novel JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 13 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 14 combinations combination NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 16 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 17 selected select VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 18 five five CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 19 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 20 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 21 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 22 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 23 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 24 virus virus NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 25 replicase replicase NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 26 inhibitor inhibitor NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 27 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 28 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 29 Nelfinavir Nelfinavir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 30 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 31 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 32 virus virus NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 33 protease protease NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 34 inhibitor inhibitor NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 35 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 36 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 37 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 38 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 39 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 40 selective selective JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 41 estrogen estrogen NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 42 receptor receptor NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 43 modulator modulator NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 44 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 45 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 46 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 47 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 48 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 49 chemotherapy chemotherapy NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 50 compound compound NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 51 interfering interfere VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 52 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 53 cell cell NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 54 growth growth NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 55 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 56 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 57 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 58 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 59 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 60 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 61 pleiotropic pleiotropic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 62 compound compound NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 63 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 64 several several JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 65 pharmacological pharmacological JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 66 activities activity NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 67 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 68 including include VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 69 inhibition inhibition NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 70 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 71 protein protein NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 72 synthesis synthesis NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 73 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 74 nucleotide nucleotide JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 75 synthesis synthesis NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 76 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 135 77 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 1 These these DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 2 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 3 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 4 used use VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 5 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 6 four four CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 7 different different JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 8 combinations combination NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 9 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 10 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 11 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 12 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 13 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 14 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 15 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 16 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 17 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 18 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 19 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 20 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 21 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 22 Nelfinavir Nelfinavir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 23 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 24 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 25 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 26 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 27 test test VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 28 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 29 potency potency NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 30 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 31 these these DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 32 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 33 pairings pairing NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 34 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 35 phenotypic phenotypic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 36 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 37 cellular cellular JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 38 assays assay NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 136 39 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 137 1 Figure figure NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 137 2 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 137 3 shows show VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 137 4 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 137 5 results result NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 137 6 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 137 7 these these DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 137 8 combinatorial combinatorial JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 137 9 treatments treatment NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 137 10 on on IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 137 11 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 137 12 virus virus NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 137 13 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 137 14 induced induce VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 137 15 cytopathic cytopathic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 137 16 effect effect NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 137 17 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 137 18 Caco-2 Caco-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 137 19 cells cell NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 137 20 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 138 1 .CC .CC NFP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 138 2 - - : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 138 3 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 138 4 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 138 5 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 138 6 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 138 7 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 138 8 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 138 9 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 138 10 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 138 11 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 51 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 52 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 53 19 19 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 54 Figure figure NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 55 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 56 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 57 Dose dose NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 58 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 59 response response NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 60 curves curve NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 61 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 62 DRC DRC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 63 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 64 depicting depict VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 65 viral viral JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 66 inhibition inhibition NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 67 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 68 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 69 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 70 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 71 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 72 select select JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 73 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 74 combinations combination NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 139 75 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 140 1 a a LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 140 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 140 3 A a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 140 4 threshold threshold NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 140 5 effect effect NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 140 6 can can MD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 140 7 be be VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 140 8 seen see VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 140 9 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 140 10 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 140 11 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNPS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 140 12 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 140 13 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 140 14 combination combination NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 140 15 when when WRB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 140 16 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 140 17 reaches reach VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 140 18 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 140 19 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 140 20 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 140 21 well well RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 140 22 beyond beyond IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 140 23 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 140 24 ’s ’s NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 140 25 IC50 IC50 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 140 26 alone alone RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 140 27 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 1 Remdesivir remdesivir JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 2 activity activity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 3 does do VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 4 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 5 appear appear VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 6 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 7 be be VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 8 affected affect VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 9 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 10 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 12 while while IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 13 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 14 seems seem VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 15 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 16 be be VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 17 equally equally RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 18 affected affect VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 19 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 20 de de FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 21 - - VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 22 potentiated potentiate VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 23 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 24 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 25 low low JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 26 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 27 high high JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 28 concentrations concentration NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 29 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 30 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 141 31 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 1 b b LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 3 Viral viral JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 4 inhibition inhibition NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 5 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 6 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 7 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 8 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 9 can can MD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 10 be be VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 11 seen see VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 12 only only RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 13 at at IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 14 lower low JJR 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 15 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 16 concentrations concentration NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 17 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 18 at at IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 19 higher high JJR 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 20 concentrations concentration NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 21 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 22 clear clear JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 23 curve curve NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 24 shift shift NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 25 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 26 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNPS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 27 at at IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 28 lower low JJR 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 29 concentration concentration NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 30 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 31 effect effect NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 32 beyond beyond IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 33 Loewe Loewe NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 34 ’s ’s POS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 35 additivity additivity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 36 formula formula NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 37 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 38 could could MD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 39 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 40 be be VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 41 appreciated appreciate VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 142 42 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 143 1 c c LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 143 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 143 3 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 143 4 had have VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 143 5 an an DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 143 6 antagonistic antagonistic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 143 7 effect effect NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 143 8 on on IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 143 9 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 143 10 ’s ’s POS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 143 11 viral viral JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 143 12 replication replication NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 143 13 inhibition inhibition NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 143 14 activity activity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 143 15 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 1 d d LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 2 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 3 A a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 4 clear clear JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 5 shift shift NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 6 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 7 Nelfinavir Nelfinavir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 8 ’s ’s POS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 9 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 10 can can MD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 11 be be VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 12 observed observe VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 13 when when WRB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 14 combined combine VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 15 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 16 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 17 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 18 but but CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 19 also also RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 20 suggests suggest VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 21 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 22 threshold threshold NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 23 effect effect NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 24 when when WRB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 25 Raloxifene raloxifene JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 26 concentrations concentration NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 27 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 28 higher high JJR 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 29 than than IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 30 2.2 2.2 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 144 31 µM. µM. NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 2 results result NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 3 indicate indicate VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 4 that that IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 5 compound compound NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 6 combinations combination NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 7 acting act VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 8 on on IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 9 different different JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 10 viral viral JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 11 mechanisms mechanism NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 13 such such JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 14 as as IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 15 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 16 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 17 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 18 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 19 Figure Figure NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 20 6b 6b NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 21 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 22 or or CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 23 Nelfinavir Nelfinavir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 24 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 25 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 26 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 27 Figure Figure NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 28 6d 6d NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 29 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 30 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 31 showed show VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 32 synergy synergy NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 33 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 34 while while IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 35 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 36 acting act VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 37 on on IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 38 host host NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 39 mechanisms mechanism NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 40 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 41 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 42 instance instance NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 43 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 44 or or CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 45 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 46 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 47 when when WRB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 48 combined combine VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 49 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 50 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 51 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 52 Figure Figure NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 53 6a 6a NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 54 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 55 Figure Figure NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 56 6c 6c NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 57 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 58 respectively respectively RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 59 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 60 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 61 resulted result VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 62 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 63 neither neither CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 64 synergistic synergistic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 65 nor nor CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 66 additive additive JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 67 effects effect NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 145 68 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 1 Interestingly interestingly RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 3 our -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 4 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 5 revealed reveal VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 6 that that IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 7 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 8 HIV HIV NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 9 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 10 Protease Protease NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 11 inhibitor inhibitor NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 12 Nelfinavir Nelfinavir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 13 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 14 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 15 already already RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 16 appeared appear VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 17 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 18 be be VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 19 active active JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 20 against against IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 21 viral viral JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 22 post post NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 23 - - JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 24 entry entry JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 25 fusion fusion NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 26 steps step NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 27 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 28 both both DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 29 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 30 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 31 CoV42 CoV42 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 32 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 33 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 34 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 35 CoV-243 CoV-243 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 36 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 37 displayed display VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 38 synergistic synergistic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 39 effects effect NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 40 when when WRB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 41 combined combine VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 42 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 43 high high JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 44 concentrations concentration NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 45 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 46 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 146 47 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 147 1 This this DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 147 2 result result NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 147 3 agrees agree VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 147 4 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 147 5 our -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 147 6 predictions prediction NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 147 7 generated generate VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 147 8 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 147 9 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 147 10 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 147 11 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 147 12 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 147 13 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 147 14 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 147 15 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 147 16 .CC .CC : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 147 17 - - : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 147 18 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 147 19 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 147 20 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 147 21 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 147 22 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 147 23 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 147 24 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 147 25 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 147 26 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 51 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 52 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 53 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 54 combination combination NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 55 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 56 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 57 shortest short JJS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 58 distance distance NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 59 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 60 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 61 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 62 Nelfinavir Nelfinavir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 63 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 64 Supplementary Supplementary NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 65 Table Table NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 66 5 5 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 67 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 68 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 69 would would MD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 70 have have VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 71 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 72 synergistic synergistic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 73 effect effect NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 74 on on IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 75 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 76 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 77 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 78 pathology pathology NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 148 79 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 149 1 .CC .CC NFP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 149 2 - - : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 149 3 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 149 4 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 149 5 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 149 6 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 149 7 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 149 8 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 149 9 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 149 10 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 149 11 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 51 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 52 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 53 21 21 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 54 Discussion Discussion NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 55 By by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 56 combining combine VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 57 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 58 significant significant JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 59 number number NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 60 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 61 knowledge knowledge NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 62 graphs graph NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 63 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 64 represent represent VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 65 various various JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 66 aspects aspect NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 67 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 68 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 69 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 70 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 71 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 72 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 73 target target NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 74 information information NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 75 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 76 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 77 able able JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 78 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 79 generate generate VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 80 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 81 COVID- COVID- NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 82 19 19 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 83 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 84 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 85 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 86 unique unique JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 87 resource resource NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 88 that that WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 89 covers cover VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 90 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 91 wide wide JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 92 spectrum spectrum NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 93 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 94 cause cause NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 95 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 96 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 97 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 98 effect effect NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 99 knowledge knowledge NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 100 about about IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 101 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 102 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 103 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 104 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 105 its -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 106 interactions interaction NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 107 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 108 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 109 human human JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 110 host host NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 150 111 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 1 Based base VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 2 on on IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 3 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 4 systematic systematic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 5 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 6 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 7 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 8 results result NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 9 derived derive VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 10 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 11 published publish VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 12 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 13 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 14 screening screening NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 15 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 16 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 17 as as RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 18 well well RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 19 as as IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 20 our -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 21 own own JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 22 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 23 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 24 screening screening NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 25 results result NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 26 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 27 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 28 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 29 able able JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 30 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 31 identify identify VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 32 mechanisms mechanism NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 33 targeted target VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 34 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 35 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 36 variety variety NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 37 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 38 compounds compound NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 39 showing show VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 40 virus virus NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 41 inhibition inhibition NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 42 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 43 phenotypic phenotypic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 44 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 45 cellular cellular JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 46 assays assay NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 151 47 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 1 With with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 2 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 3 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 4 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 6 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 7 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 8 now now RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 9 able able JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 10 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 11 link link VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 12 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 13 drugs drug NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 16 targets target NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 17 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 19 mechanisms mechanism NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 20 modulated modulate VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 21 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 22 said say VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 23 drugs drug NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 24 within within IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 25 one one CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 26 computable computable JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 27 data data NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 28 structure structure NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 29 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 30 thereby thereby RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 31 enabling enable VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 32 us -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 33 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 34 target target VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 35 - - : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 36 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 37 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 38 combinatorial combinatorial JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 39 treatment treatment NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 40 approach approach NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 41 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 42 different different JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 44 independent independent JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 45 mechanisms mechanism NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 152 46 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 153 1 By by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 153 2 challenging challenge VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 153 3 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 153 4 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 153 5 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 153 6 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 153 7 gene gene NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 153 8 expression expression NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 153 9 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 153 10 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 153 11 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 153 12 have have VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 153 13 identified identify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 153 14 subgraphs subgraph NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 153 15 that that WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 153 16 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 153 17 responsive responsive JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 153 18 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 153 19 at at IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 153 20 gene gene NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 153 21 expression expression NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 153 22 level level NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 153 23 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 153 24 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 153 25 virus virus NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 153 26 infection infection NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 153 27 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 154 1 Network network NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 154 2 analysis analysis NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 154 3 along along IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 154 4 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 154 5 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 154 6 overview overview NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 154 7 on on IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 154 8 previous previous JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 154 9 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 154 10 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 154 11 provided provide VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 154 12 us -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 154 13 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 154 14 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 154 15 insights insight NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 154 16 needed need VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 154 17 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 154 18 select select VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 154 19 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 154 20 optimal optimal NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 154 21 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 154 22 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 154 23 candidates candidate NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 154 24 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 154 25 combination combination NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 154 26 therapy therapy NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 154 27 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 1 Experimental experimental JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 2 verification verification NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 3 showed show VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 4 that that IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 5 this this DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 6 systematic systematic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 7 approach approach NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 8 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 9 valid valid JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 10 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 11 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 12 were be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 13 able able JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 14 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 15 identify identify VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 16 two two CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 17 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 18 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 19 target target NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 20 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 21 mechanism mechanism NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 22 combinations combination NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 23 that that WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 24 demonstrated demonstrate VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 25 synergistic synergistic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 26 action action NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 27 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 28 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 29 repurposed repurposed JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 30 drugs drug NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 31 targeting target VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 32 different different JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 33 mechanisms mechanism NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 34 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 35 combinatorial combinatorial JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 36 treatments treatment NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 155 37 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 156 1 We -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 156 2 are be VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 156 3 fully fully RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 156 4 aware aware JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 156 5 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 156 6 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 156 7 fact fact NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 156 8 that that IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 156 9 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 156 10 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 156 11 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 156 12 combines combine VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 156 13 experimental experimental JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 156 14 results result NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 156 15 generated generate VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 156 16 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 156 17 different different JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 156 18 assay assay NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 156 19 conditions condition NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 156 20 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 157 1 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 157 2 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 157 3 course course NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 157 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 157 5 our -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 157 6 work work NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 157 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 157 8 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 157 9 accumulated accumulate VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 157 10 evidence evidence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 157 11 that that IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 157 12 assay assay VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 157 13 responses response NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 157 14 recorded record VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 157 15 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 157 16 Vero Vero NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 157 17 E6 E6 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 157 18 cells cell NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 157 19 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 157 20 comparison comparison NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 157 21 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 157 22 Caco-2 Caco-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 157 23 cells cell NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 157 24 may may MD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 157 25 only only RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 157 26 partially partially RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 157 27 overlap overlap VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 157 28 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 1 Comparative comparative JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 2 analysis analysis NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 3 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 4 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 5 results result NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 6 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 7 both both DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 8 assay assay NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 9 systems system NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 10 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 11 virus virus NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 12 infection infection NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 14 means mean NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 15 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 16 transcriptome transcriptome RBS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 17 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 18 wide wide JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 19 gene gene NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 20 expression expression NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 21 analysis analysis NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 22 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 23 one one CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 24 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 25 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 26 experiments experiment NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 27 .CC .CC NFP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 28 - - : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 29 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 30 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 31 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 32 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 33 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 34 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 35 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 36 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 158 37 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 51 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 52 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 53 22 22 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 54 we -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 55 plan plan VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 56 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 57 perform perform VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 58 next next RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 159 59 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 1 However however RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 3 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 4 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 5 identification identification NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 6 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 7 meaningful meaningful JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 8 combinations combination NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 9 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 10 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 11 drugs drug NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 13 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 14 current current JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 15 model model NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 16 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 17 driven drive VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 18 information information NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 19 fusion fusion NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 20 approach approach NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 21 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 22 shown show VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 23 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 24 work work VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 25 well well RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 26 despite despite IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 27 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 28 putative putative JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 29 differences difference NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 30 between between IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 31 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 32 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 33 screening screening NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 34 assays assays RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 160 35 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 1 Given give VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 2 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 3 urgent urgent JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 4 need need NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 5 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 6 treatments treatment NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 7 that that WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 8 work work VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 9 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 10 an an DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 11 acute acute JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 12 infection infection NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 13 situation situation NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 15 our -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 16 approach approach NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 17 described describe VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 18 here here RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 19 paves pave VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 20 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 21 way way NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 22 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 23 systematic systematic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 24 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 25 rational rational JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 26 approaches approach NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 27 towards towards IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 28 combination combination NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 29 therapy therapy NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 30 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 31 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 32 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 33 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 34 infections infection NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 161 35 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 162 1 We -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 162 2 want want VBP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 162 3 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 162 4 encourage encourage VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 162 5 all all PDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 162 6 our -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 162 7 colleagues colleague NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 162 8 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 162 9 make make VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 162 10 use use NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 162 11 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 162 12 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 162 13 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 162 14 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 162 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 162 16 improve improve VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 162 17 it -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 162 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 162 19 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 162 20 add add VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 162 21 useful useful JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 162 22 information information NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 162 23 about about IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 162 24 pharmacological pharmacological JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 162 25 findings finding NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 162 26 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 162 27 e.g. e.g. RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 163 1 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 163 2 candidate candidate NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 163 3 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 163 4 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 163 5 combination combination NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 163 6 screenings screening NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 163 7 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 163 8 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 164 1 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 164 2 addition addition NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 164 3 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 164 4 vaccination vaccination NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 164 5 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 164 6 antibody antibody NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 164 7 therapy therapy NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 164 8 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 164 9 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 164 10 combination combination NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 164 11 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 164 12 treatment treatment NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 164 13 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 164 14 small small JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 164 15 molecules molecule NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 164 16 remains remain VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 164 17 one one CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 164 18 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 164 19 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 164 20 key key JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 164 21 therapeutic therapeutic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 164 22 options option NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 164 23 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 164 24 combatting combat VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 164 25 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 164 26 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 165 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 165 2 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 165 3 PHARMACOME PHARMACOME NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 165 4 will will MD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 165 5 therefore therefore RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 165 6 be be VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 165 7 continuously continuously RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 165 8 improved improve VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 165 9 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 165 10 expanded expand VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 165 11 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 165 12 serve serve VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 165 13 integrative integrative JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 165 14 approaches approach NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 165 15 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 165 16 anti anti JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 165 17 - - NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 165 18 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 165 19 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 165 20 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 165 21 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 165 22 discovery discovery NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 165 23 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 165 24 development development NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 165 25 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 166 1 .CC .CC NFP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 166 2 - - : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 166 3 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 166 4 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 166 5 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 166 6 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 166 7 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 166 8 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 166 9 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 166 10 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 166 11 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 51 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 52 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 53 23 23 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 54 Acknowledgements Acknowledgements NNPS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 55 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 56 part part NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 57 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 58 this this DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 59 project project NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 60 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 61 supported support VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 62 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 63 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 64 European European NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 65 Union Union NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 66 ’s ’s POS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 67 Horizon Horizon NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 68 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 69 research research NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 70 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 71 innovation innovation NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 72 program program NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 73 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 74 grant grant NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 75 agreement agreement NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 76 No no DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 77 101003551 101003551 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 78 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 79 project project NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 167 80 Exscalate4CoV. Exscalate4CoV. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 168 1 .CC .CC NFP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 168 2 - - : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 168 3 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 168 4 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 168 5 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 168 6 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 168 7 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 168 8 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 168 9 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 168 10 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 168 11 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 51 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 52 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 53 24 24 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 54 References reference NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 55 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 56 Xu Xu NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 57 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 58 B. B. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 59 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 60 Gutierrez Gutierrez NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 61 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 62 B. B. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 63 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 64 Mekaru Mekaru NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 65 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 66 S. S. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 67 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 68 Sewalk Sewalk NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 69 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 70 K. K. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 71 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 72 Goodwin Goodwin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 73 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 74 L. L. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 75 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 76 Loskill Loskill NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 77 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 78 A. A. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 79 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 80 ... ... . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 81 & & CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 82 Zarebski Zarebski NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 83 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 84 A. A. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 85 E. E. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 86 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 87 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 88 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 169 89 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 170 1 Epidemiological epidemiological JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 170 2 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 170 3 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 170 4 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 170 5 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 170 6 outbreak outbreak NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 170 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 170 8 real real JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 170 9 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 170 10 time time NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 170 11 case case NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 170 12 information information NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 170 13 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 171 1 Scientific scientific JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 171 2 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 171 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 171 4 7(1 7(1 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 171 5 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 171 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 171 7 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 171 8 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 171 9 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 171 10 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 172 1 2 2 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 172 2 Lipsitch Lipsitch NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 172 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 172 4 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 172 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 172 6 Swerdlow Swerdlow NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 172 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 172 8 D. D. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 172 9 L. L. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 172 10 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 172 11 & & CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 172 12 Finelli Finelli NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 172 13 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 172 14 L. L. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 172 15 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 172 16 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 172 17 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 172 18 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 173 1 Defining define VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 173 2 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 173 3 epidemiology epidemiology NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 173 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 173 5 Covid-19—studies Covid-19—studies NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 173 6 needed need VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 173 7 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 174 1 New New NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 174 2 England England NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 174 3 journal journal NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 174 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 174 5 medicine medicine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 174 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 174 7 382(13 382(13 LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 174 8 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 174 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 174 10 1194 1194 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 174 11 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 174 12 1196 1196 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 174 13 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 175 1 3 3 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 175 2 Holmdahl Holmdahl NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 175 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 175 4 I. I. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 175 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 175 6 & & CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 175 7 Buckee Buckee NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 175 8 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 175 9 C. C. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 175 10 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 175 11 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 175 12 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 175 13 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 176 1 Wrong wrong JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 176 2 but but CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 176 3 Useful useful JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 176 4 — — : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 176 5 What what WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 176 6 Covid-19 Covid-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 176 7 Epidemiologic Epidemiologic NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 176 8 Models Models NNPS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 176 9 Can Can MD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 176 10 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 176 11 Can can MD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 176 12 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 176 13 Tell tell VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 176 14 Us -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 176 15 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 177 1 New New NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 177 2 England England NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 177 3 Journal Journal NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 177 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 177 5 Medicine Medicine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 177 6 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 178 1 4 4 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 178 2 Cao Cao NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 178 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 178 4 W. W. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 178 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 178 6 & & CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 178 7 Li Li NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 178 8 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 178 9 T. T. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 178 10 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 178 11 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 178 12 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 178 13 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 179 1 COVID-19 COVID-19 , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 179 2 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 179 3 towards towards IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 179 4 understanding understanding NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 179 5 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 179 6 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 179 7 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 180 1 Cell Cell NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 180 2 Research Research NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 180 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 180 4 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 180 5 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 180 6 3 3 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 180 7 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 1 5 5 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 2 Liao Liao NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 4 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 6 Liu Liu NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 8 Y. Y. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 10 Yuan Yuan NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 12 J. J. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 13 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 14 Wen Wen NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 16 Y. Y. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 17 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 18 Xu Xu NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 19 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 20 G. G. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 21 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 22 Zhao Zhao NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 23 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 24 J. J. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 25 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 26 ... ... NFP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 27 & & CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 28 Liu Liu NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 29 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 30 L. L. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 31 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 32 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 33 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 181 34 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 182 1 Single single JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 182 2 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 182 3 cell cell NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 182 4 landscape landscape NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 182 5 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 182 6 bronchoalveolar bronchoalveolar JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 182 7 immune immune JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 182 8 cells cell NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 182 9 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 182 10 patients patient NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 182 11 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 182 12 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 182 13 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 183 1 Nature Nature NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 183 2 Medicine Medicine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 183 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 183 4 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 183 5 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 183 6 3 3 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 183 7 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 184 1 6 6 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 184 2 Tay Tay NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 184 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 184 4 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 184 5 Z. Z. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 184 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 184 7 Poh Poh NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 184 8 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 184 9 C. C. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 184 10 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 184 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 184 12 Rénia Rénia NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 184 13 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 184 14 L. L. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 184 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 184 16 MacAry MacAry NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 184 17 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 184 18 P. P. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 184 19 A. A. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 184 20 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 184 21 & & CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 184 22 Ng Ng NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 184 23 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 184 24 L. L. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 184 25 F. F. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 184 26 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 184 27 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 184 28 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 184 29 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 185 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 185 2 trinity trinity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 185 3 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 185 4 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 185 5 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 185 6 immunity immunity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 185 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 185 8 inflammation inflammation NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 185 9 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 185 10 intervention intervention NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 185 11 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 186 1 Nature Nature NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 186 2 Reviews Reviews NNPS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 186 3 Immunology immunology NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 186 4 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 186 5 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 186 6 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 186 7 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 186 8 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 187 1 7 7 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 187 2 Gervasoni Gervasoni NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 187 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 187 4 S. S. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 187 5 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 187 6 Vistoli Vistoli NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 187 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 187 8 G. G. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 187 9 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 187 10 Talarico Talarico NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 187 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 187 12 C. C. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 187 13 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 187 14 Manelfi Manelfi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 187 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 187 16 C. C. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 187 17 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 187 18 Beccari Beccari NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 187 19 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 187 20 A.R. A.R. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 188 1 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 188 2 Studer Studer NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 188 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 188 4 G. G. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 188 5 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 188 6 Tauriello Tauriello NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 188 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 188 8 G. G. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 188 9 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 188 10 Waterhouse Waterhouse NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 188 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 188 12 A.M. A.M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 188 13 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 188 14 Schwede Schwede NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 188 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 188 16 T. T. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 188 17 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 188 18 Pedretti Pedretti NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 188 19 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 188 20 A. a. NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 189 1 A a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 189 2 Comprehensive comprehensive JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 189 3 Mapping Mapping NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 189 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 189 5 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 189 6 Druggable Druggable NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 189 7 Cavities Cavities NNPS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 189 8 within within IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 189 9 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 189 10 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 189 11 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 189 12 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 189 13 Therapeutically therapeutically RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 189 14 Relevant relevant JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 189 15 Proteins Proteins NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 189 16 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 189 17 Combining combine VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 189 18 Pocket Pocket NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 189 19 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 189 20 Docking Docking NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 189 21 Searches Searches NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 189 22 as as IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 189 23 Implemented implement VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 189 24 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 189 25 Pockets Pockets NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 189 26 2.0 2.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 189 27 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 190 1 Int Int NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 190 2 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 191 1 J. J. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 191 2 Mol Mol NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 191 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 192 1 Sci Sci NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 192 2 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 193 1 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 193 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 193 3 21 21 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 193 4 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 193 5 5152 5152 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 193 6 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 1 8 8 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 2 Ostaszewski Ostaszewski NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 4 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 6 Mazein Mazein NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 8 A. A. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 10 Gillespie Gillespie NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 12 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 13 E. E. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 15 Kuperstein Kuperstein NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 16 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 17 I. I. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 19 Niarakis Niarakis NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 20 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 21 A. A. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 23 Hermjakob Hermjakob NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 24 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 25 H. H. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 26 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 27 ... ... NFP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 28 & & CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 29 Schreiber Schreiber NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 30 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 31 F. F. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 32 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 33 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 34 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 194 35 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 195 1 COVID-19 COVID-19 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 195 2 Disease Disease NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 195 3 Map Map NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 195 4 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 195 5 building build VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 195 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 195 7 computational computational JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 195 8 repository repository NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 195 9 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 195 10 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 195 11 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 195 12 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 195 13 virus virus NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 195 14 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 195 15 host host NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 195 16 interaction interaction NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 195 17 mechanisms mechanism NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 195 18 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 196 1 Scientific scientific JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 196 2 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 196 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 196 4 7(1 7(1 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 196 5 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 196 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 196 7 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 196 8 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 196 9 4 4 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 196 10 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 197 1 9 9 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 197 2 Domingo Domingo NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 197 3 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 197 4 Fernandez Fernandez NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 197 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 197 6 D. D. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 197 7 et et NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 197 8 al al NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 197 9 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 198 1 COVID-19 COVID-19 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 198 2 Knowledge Knowledge NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 198 3 Graph Graph NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 198 4 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 198 5 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 198 6 computable computable JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 198 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 198 8 multi multi JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 198 9 - - NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 198 10 modal modal JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 198 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 198 12 cause cause NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 198 13 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 198 14 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 198 15 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 198 16 effect effect NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 198 17 knowledge knowledge NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 198 18 model model NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 198 19 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 198 20 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 198 21 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 198 22 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 199 1 Bioinformatics bioinformatic NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 199 2 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 200 1 btaa834 btaa834 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 200 2 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 200 3 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 200 4 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 200 5 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 1 10 10 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 2 Gysi Gysi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 4 D. D. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 5 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 7 Valle Valle NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 8 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 9 Í. Í. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 10 D. D. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 12 Zitnik Zitnik NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 13 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 14 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 16 Ameli Ameli NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 17 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 18 A. a. NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 19 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 20 Gan Gan NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 21 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 22 X. X. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 23 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 24 Varol Varol NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 25 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 26 O. O. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 27 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 28 ... ... . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 29 & & CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 30 Barabási Barabási NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 31 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 32 A. a. NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 33 L. L. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 34 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 35 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 36 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 201 37 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 202 1 Network network NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 202 2 medicine medicine NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 202 3 framework framework NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 202 4 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 202 5 identifying identify VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 202 6 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 202 7 repurposing repurpose VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 202 8 opportunities opportunity NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 202 9 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 202 10 covid-19 covid-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 202 11 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 203 1 arXiv arXiv NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 203 2 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 203 3 arXiv:2004.07229 arXiv:2004.07229 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 203 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 1 11 11 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 2 Khan Khan NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 4 J. J. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 5 Y. Y. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 7 Khondaker Khondaker NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 8 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 9 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 10 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 11 Islam Islam NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 13 T. T. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 15 Hoque Hoque NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 16 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 17 I. I. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 18 T. T. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 19 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 20 Al Al NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 21 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 22 Absi Absi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 23 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 24 H. H. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 25 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 26 Rahman Rahman NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 27 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 28 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 29 S. S. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 30 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 31 ... ... . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 32 & & CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 33 Rahman Rahman NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 34 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 35 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 36 S. S. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 37 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 38 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 39 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 204 40 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 205 1 COVID-19Base covid-19base LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 205 2 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 205 3 A a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 205 4 knowledgebase knowledgebase NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 205 5 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 205 6 explore explore VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 205 7 biomedical biomedical JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 205 8 entities entity NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 205 9 related relate VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 205 10 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 205 11 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 205 12 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 206 1 arXiv arXiv NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 206 2 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 206 3 arXiv:2005.05954 arXiv:2005.05954 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 206 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 1 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 2 Kuperstein Kuperstein NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 4 I. I. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 6 Bonnet Bonnet NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 8 E. E. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 10 Nguyen Nguyen NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 12 H. H. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 13 A. A. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 15 Cohen Cohen NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 16 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 17 D. D. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 19 Viara Viara NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 20 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 21 E. E. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 23 Grieco Grieco NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 24 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 25 L. L. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 26 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 27 ... ... . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 28 & & CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 29 Dutreix Dutreix NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 30 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 31 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 32 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 33 2015 2015 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 34 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 207 35 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 208 1 Atlas Atlas NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 208 2 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 208 3 Cancer Cancer NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 208 4 Signalling Signalling NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 208 5 Network Network NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 208 6 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 208 7 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 208 8 systems system NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 208 9 biology biology NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 208 10 resource resource NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 208 11 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 208 12 integrative integrative JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 208 13 analysis analysis NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 208 14 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 208 15 cancer cancer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 208 16 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 208 17 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 208 18 Google Google NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 208 19 Maps Maps NNPS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 208 20 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 209 1 Oncogenesis oncogenesis NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 209 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 209 3 4(7 4(7 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 209 4 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 209 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 209 6 e160-e160 e160-e160 ADD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 209 7 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 210 1 13 13 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 210 2 Kodamullil Kodamullil NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 210 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 210 4 A. a. NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 210 5 T. T. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 210 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 210 7 Younesi Younesi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 210 8 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 210 9 E. E. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 210 10 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 210 11 Naz Naz NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 210 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 210 13 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 210 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 210 15 Bagewadi Bagewadi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 210 16 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 210 17 S. S. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 210 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 210 19 & & CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 210 20 Hofmann Hofmann NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 210 21 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 210 22 Apitius Apitius NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 210 23 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 210 24 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 210 25 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 210 26 2015 2015 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 210 27 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 210 28 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 211 1 Computable computable JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 211 2 cause cause NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 211 3 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 211 4 and- and- NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 211 5 effect effect NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 211 6 models model NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 211 7 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 211 8 healthy healthy JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 211 9 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 211 10 Alzheimer Alzheimer NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 211 11 's 's POS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 211 12 disease disease NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 211 13 states state NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 211 14 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 211 15 their -PRON- PRP$ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 211 16 mechanistic mechanistic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 211 17 differential differential NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 211 18 analysis analysis NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 211 19 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 212 1 Alzheimer Alzheimer NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 212 2 's 's POS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 212 3 & & CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 212 4 Dementia Dementia NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 212 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 212 6 11(11 11(11 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 212 7 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 212 8 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 212 9 1329 1329 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 212 10 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 212 11 1339 1339 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 212 12 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 1 14 14 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 2 Fujita Fujita NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 4 K. K. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 5 A. A. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 7 Ostaszewski Ostaszewski NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 8 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 9 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 10 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 11 Matsuoka Matsuoka NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 13 Y. Y. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 15 Ghosh Ghosh NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 16 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 17 S. S. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 19 Glaab Glaab NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 20 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 21 E. E. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 23 Trefois Trefois NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 24 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 25 C. C. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 26 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 27 ... ... . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 28 & & CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 29 Diederich Diederich NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 30 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 31 N. N. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 32 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 33 2014 2014 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 34 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 213 35 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 214 1 Integrating integrate VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 214 2 pathways pathway NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 214 3 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 214 4 Parkinson Parkinson NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 214 5 's 's POS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 214 6 disease disease NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 214 7 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 214 8 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 214 9 molecular molecular JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 214 10 interaction interaction NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 214 11 map map NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 214 12 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 215 1 Molecular molecular JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 215 2 neurobiology neurobiology NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 215 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 215 4 49(1 49(1 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 215 5 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 215 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 215 7 88- 88- NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 215 8 102 102 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 215 9 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 216 1 15 15 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 216 2 Matsuoka Matsuoka NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 216 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 216 4 Y. Y. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 216 5 et et NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 216 6 al al NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 216 7 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 217 1 A a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 217 2 comprehensive comprehensive JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 217 3 map map NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 217 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 217 5 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 217 6 influenza influenza NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 217 7 A a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 217 8 virus virus NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 217 9 replication replication NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 217 10 cycle cycle NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 217 11 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 218 1 BMC BMC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 218 2 Syst Syst NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 218 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 219 1 Biol Biol NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 219 2 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 1 7 7 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 3 97 97 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 4 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 5 2013 2013 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 6 16 16 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 7 Khan Khan NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 8 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 9 J. J. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 10 Y. Y. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 12 Khondaker Khondaker NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 13 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 14 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 16 Islam Islam NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 17 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 18 T. T. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 19 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 20 Hoque Hoque NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 21 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 22 I. I. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 23 T. T. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 24 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 25 Al Al NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 26 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 27 Absi Absi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 28 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 29 H. H. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 30 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 31 Rahman Rahman NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 32 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 33 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 34 S. S. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 35 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 36 ... ... . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 37 & & CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 38 Rahman Rahman NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 39 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 40 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 41 S. S. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 42 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 43 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 44 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 220 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 221 1 COVID-19Base covid-19base LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 221 2 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 221 3 A a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 221 4 knowledgebase knowledgebase NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 221 5 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 221 6 explore explore VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 221 7 biomedical biomedical JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 221 8 entities entity NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 221 9 related relate VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 221 10 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 221 11 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 221 12 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 222 1 arXiv arXiv NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 222 2 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 222 3 arXiv:2005.05954 arXiv:2005.05954 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 222 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 1 17 17 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 2 Ostaszewski Ostaszewski NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 4 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 6 Mazein Mazein NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 8 A. A. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 10 Gillespie Gillespie NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 12 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 13 E. E. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 15 Kuperstein Kuperstein NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 16 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 17 I. I. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 19 Niarakis Niarakis NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 20 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 21 A. A. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 23 Hermjakob Hermjakob NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 24 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 25 H. H. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 26 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 27 ... ... NFP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 28 & & CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 29 Schreiber Schreiber NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 30 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 31 F. F. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 32 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 33 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 34 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 223 35 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 224 1 COVID-19 COVID-19 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 224 2 Disease Disease NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 224 3 Map Map NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 224 4 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 224 5 building build VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 224 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 224 7 computational computational JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 224 8 repository repository NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 224 9 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 224 10 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 224 11 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 224 12 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 224 13 virus virus NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 224 14 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 224 15 host host NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 224 16 interaction interaction NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 224 17 mechanisms mechanism NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 224 18 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 225 1 Scientific scientific JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 225 2 data datum NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 225 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 225 4 7(1 7(1 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 225 5 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 225 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 225 7 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 225 8 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 225 9 4 4 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 225 10 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 1 18 18 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 2 Blanco Blanco NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 3 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 4 Melo Melo NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 6 D. D. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 8 Nilsson Nilsson NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 9 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 10 Payant Payant NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 12 B. B. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 13 E. E. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 15 Liu Liu NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 16 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 17 W. W. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 18 C. C. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 19 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 20 Uhl Uhl NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 21 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 22 S. S. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 23 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 24 Hoagland Hoagland NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 25 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 26 D. D. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 27 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 28 Møller Møller NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 29 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 30 R. R. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 31 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 32 ... ... . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 33 & & CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 34 Wang Wang NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 35 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 36 T. T. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 37 T. t. NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 38 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 39 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 40 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 226 41 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 227 1 Imbalanced imbalanced JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 227 2 host host NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 227 3 response response NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 227 4 to to IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 227 5 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 227 6 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 227 7 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 227 8 drives drive VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 227 9 development development NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 227 10 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 227 11 COVID-19 covid-19 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 227 12 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 228 1 Cell cell NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 228 2 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 1 19 19 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 2 Gordon Gordon NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 4 D. D. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 5 E. E. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 7 Jang Jang NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 8 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 9 G. G. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 10 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 12 Bouhaddou Bouhaddou NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 13 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 14 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 16 Xu Xu NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 17 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 18 J. J. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 19 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 20 Obernier Obernier NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 21 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 22 K. K. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 23 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 24 White White NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 25 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 26 K. K. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 27 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 28 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 29 ... ... . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 30 & & CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 31 Tummino Tummino NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 32 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 33 T. t. NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 229 34 A. a. NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 230 1 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 230 2 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 230 3 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 230 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 231 1 A a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 231 2 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 231 3 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 231 4 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 231 5 protein protein NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 231 6 interaction interaction NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 231 7 map map NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 231 8 reveals reveal VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 231 9 targets target NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 231 10 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 231 11 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 231 12 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 231 13 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 232 1 Nature nature NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 232 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 232 3 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 232 4 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 232 5 13 13 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 232 6 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 1 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 2 Bojkova Bojkova NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 4 D. D. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 6 Klann Klann NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 8 K. K. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 10 Koch Koch NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 12 B. B. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 13 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 14 Widera Widera NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 16 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 17 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 18 Krause Krause NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 19 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 20 D. D. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 21 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 22 Ciesek Ciesek NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 23 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 24 S. S. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 25   NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 26   NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 27 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 28 ... ... NFP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 29 & & CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 30 Münch Münch NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 31 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 32 C. C. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 33 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 34 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 35 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 233 36 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 234 1 Proteomics Proteomics NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 234 2 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 234 3 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 234 4 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 234 5 CoV-2- CoV-2- NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 234 6 infected infect VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 234 7 host host NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 234 8 cells cell NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 234 9 reveals reveal VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 234 10 therapy therapy NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 234 11 targets target NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 234 12 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 235 1 Nature nature NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 235 2 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 235 3 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 235 4 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 235 5 8 8 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 235 6 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 236 1 .CC .CC NFP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 236 2 - - : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 236 3 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 236 4 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 236 5 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 236 6 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 236 7 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 236 8 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 236 9 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 236 10 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 236 11 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 51 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 52 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 53 25 25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 54 21 21 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 55 Ashburn Ashburn NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 56 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 57 T. T. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 58 T. T. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 59 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 60 & & CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 61 Thor Thor NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 62 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 63 K. K. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 237 64 B. B. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 238 1 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 238 2 2004 2004 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 238 3 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 238 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 239 1 Drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 239 2 repositioning repositioning NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 239 3 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 239 4 identifying identify VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 239 5 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 239 6 developing develop VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 239 7 new new JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 239 8 uses use NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 239 9 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 239 10 existing exist VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 239 11 drugs drug NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 239 12 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 240 1 Nature nature NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 240 2 reviews review VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 240 3 Drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 240 4 discovery discovery NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 240 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 240 6 3(8 3(8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 240 7 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 240 8 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 240 9 673 673 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 240 10 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 240 11 683 683 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 240 12 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 1 22 22 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 2 Pushpakom Pushpakom NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 4 S. S. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 6 Iorio Iorio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 8 F. F. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 10 Eyers Eyers NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 12 P. P. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 13 A. A. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 15 Escott Escott NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 16 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 17 K. K. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 18 J. J. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 19 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 20 Hopper Hopper NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 21 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 22 S. S. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 23 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 24 Wells Wells NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 25 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 26 A. A. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 27 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 28 ... ... NFP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 29 & & CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 30 Norris Norris NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 31 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 241 32 A. a. NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 242 1 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 242 2 2019 2019 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 242 3 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 242 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 243 1 Drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 243 2 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 243 3 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 243 4 progress progress NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 243 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 243 6 challenges challenge NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 243 7 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 243 8 recommendations recommendation NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 243 9 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 244 1 Nature nature NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 244 2 reviews review VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 244 3 Drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 244 4 discovery discovery NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 244 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 244 6 18(1 18(1 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 244 7 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 244 8 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 244 9 41 41 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 244 10 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 244 11 58 58 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 244 12 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 245 1 23 23 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 245 2 http://rdcu.be/qKdSKdSp://rdcu.be/qKdS http://rdcu.be/qkdskdsp://rdcu.be/qkds CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 245 3 24 24 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 245 4 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1810137115 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1810137115 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 245 5 25 25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 245 6 https://reframedb.org/assays/A00461 https://reframedb.org/assays/a00461 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 245 7 26 26 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 245 8 https://reframedb.org/assays/A00440 https://reframedb.org/assays/a00440 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 245 9 27 27 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 245 10 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 245 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 245 12 DOI:.21203 DOI:.21203 '' 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 245 13 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 245 14 rs.3.rs-23951 rs.3.rs-23951 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 245 15 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 245 16 v1 v1 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 245 17 28 28 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 245 18 Slater Slater NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 245 19 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 245 20 T. t. NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 245 21 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 245 22 2014 2014 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 245 23 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 245 24 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 246 1 Recent recent JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 246 2 advances advance NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 246 3 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 246 4 modeling modeling NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 246 5 languages language NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 246 6 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 246 7 pathway pathway JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 246 8 maps map NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 246 9 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 246 10 computable computable JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 246 11 biological biological JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 246 12 networks network NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 246 13 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 247 1 Drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 247 2 discovery discovery NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 247 3 today today NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 247 4 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 247 5 19(2 19(2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 247 6 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 247 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 247 8 193 193 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 247 9 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 247 10 198 198 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 247 11 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 1 29 29 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 2 Domingo Domingo NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 3 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 4 Fernández Fernández NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 6 D. D. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 8 Mubeen Mubeen NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 10 S. S. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 12 Marín Marín NNPS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 13 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 14 Llaó Llaó NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 16 J. J. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 17 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 18 Hoyt Hoyt NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 19 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 20 C. C. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 21 T. T. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 23 & & CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 24 Hofmann Hofmann NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 25 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 26 Apitius Apitius NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 27 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 28 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 29 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 30 2019 2019 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 31 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 248 32 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 249 1 PathMe pathme NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 249 2 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 249 3 Merging merge VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 249 4 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 249 5 exploring explore VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 249 6 mechanistic mechanistic JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 249 7 pathway pathway JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 249 8 knowledge knowledge NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 249 9 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 250 1 BMC BMC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 250 2 bioinformatics bioinformatics NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 250 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 250 4 20(1 20(1 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 250 5 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 250 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 250 7 243 243 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 250 8 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 1 30 30 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 2 Domingo Domingo NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 3 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 4 Fernández Fernández NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 6 D. D. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 8 Hoyt Hoyt NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 10 C. C. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 11 T. T. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 13 Bobis Bobis NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 14 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 15 Álvarez Álvarez NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 16 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 17 C. C. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 19 Marín Marín NNPS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 20 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 21 Llaó Llaó NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 23 J. J. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 24 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 25 & & CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 26 Hofmann Hofmann NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 27 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 28 Apitius Apitius NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 29 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 30 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 31 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 32 2018 2018 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 33 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 251 34 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 252 1 ComPath ComPath NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 252 2 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 252 3 an an DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 252 4 ecosystem ecosystem NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 252 5 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 252 6 exploring explore VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 252 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 252 8 analyzing analyze VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 252 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 252 10 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 252 11 curating curate VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 252 12 mappings mapping NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 252 13 across across IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 252 14 pathway pathway JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 252 15 databases database NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 252 16 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 253 1 NPJ npj NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 253 2 systems system NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 253 3 biology biology NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 253 4 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 253 5 applications application NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 253 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 253 7 4(1 4(1 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 253 8 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 253 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 253 10 1 1 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 253 11 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 253 12 8 8 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 253 13 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 1 31 31 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 2 Astghik Astghik NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 4 S. S. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 5 et et NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 6 al al NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 7 . . NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 8 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 9 submitted submit VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 10 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 11 Bioinformatics Bioinformatics NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 12 Journal Journal NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 13 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 14 OUP OUP NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 15 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 16 32 32 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 17 Chua Chua NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 19 R. R. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 20 L. L. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 21 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 22 Lukassen Lukassen NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 23 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 24 S. S. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 25 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 26 Trump Trump NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 27 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 28 S. S. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 29 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 30 Hennig Hennig NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 31 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 32 B. B. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 33 P. P. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 34 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 35 Wendisch Wendisch NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 36 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 37 D. D. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 38 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 39 Pott Pott NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 40 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 41 F.,Debnath F.,Debnath NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 42 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 43 O. O. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 44 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 45 Thürmann Thürmann NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 46 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 47 L. L. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 48 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 49 Kurth Kurth NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 50 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 51 F. F. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 52 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 53 Völker Völker NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 54 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 55 M.T. M.T. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 56 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 57 Kazmierski Kazmierski NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 58 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 59 J. J. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 60 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 61 Timmermann Timmermann NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 62 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 63 B. B. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 64 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 65 Twardziok Twardziok NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 66 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 67 S. S. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 68 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 69 Schneider Schneider NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 70 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 71 S. S. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 72 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 73 Machleidt Machleidt NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 74 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 75 F. F. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 76 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 77 Müller Müller NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 78 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 79 Redetzky Redetzky NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 80 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 81 H. H. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 82 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 83 Maier Maier NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 84 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 85 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 86 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 87 Krannich Krannich NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 88 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 89 A. A. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 90 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 91 Schmidt Schmidt NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 92 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 93 S. S. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 94 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 95 Balzer Balzer NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 96 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 97 F. F. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 98 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 99 Liebig Liebig NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 100 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 101 J. J. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 102 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 103 Loske Loske NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 104 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 105 J. J. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 106 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 107 Suttorp Suttorp NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 108 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 109 N. N. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 110 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 111 Eils Eils NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 112 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 113 J. J. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 114 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 115 Ishaque Ishaque NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 116 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 117 N. N. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 118 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 119 Liebert Liebert NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 120 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 121 U.G. U.G. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 122 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 123 von von NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 124 Kalle Kalle NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 125 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 126 C. C. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 127 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 128 Witzenrath Witzenrath NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 129 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 130 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 131 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 132 Goffinet Goffinet NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 133 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 134 C. C. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 135 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 136 Drosten Drosten NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 137 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 138 C. C. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 139 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 140 Laudi Laudi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 141 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 142 S. S. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 143 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 144 Lehmann Lehmann NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 145 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 146 I. I. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 147 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 148 Conrad Conrad NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 149 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 150 C. C. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 151 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 152 Sander Sander NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 153 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 154 L L NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 155 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 156 E. E. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 157 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 158 Eils Eils NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 159 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 160 R. R. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 161 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 162 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 163 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 254 164 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 255 1 COVID-19 COVID-19 , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 255 2 severity severity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 255 3 correlates correlate VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 255 4 with with IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 255 5 airway airway NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 255 6 epithelium epithelium NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 255 7 – – : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 255 8 immune immune JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 255 9 cell cell NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 255 10 interactions interaction NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 255 11 identified identify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 255 12 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 255 13 single single JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 255 14 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 255 15 cell cell NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 255 16 analysis analysis NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 255 17 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 256 1 Nature Nature NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 256 2 Biotechnology Biotechnology NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 256 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 256 4 38(8 38(8 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 256 5 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 256 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 256 7 970 970 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 256 8 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 256 9 979 979 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 256 10 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 1 33 33 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 2 Ravindra Ravindra NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 4 N. N. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 5 G. G. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 7 Alfajaro Alfajaro NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 8 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 9 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 10 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 12 Gasque Gasque NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 13 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 14 V. V. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 16 Habet Habet NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 17 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 18 V. V. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 19 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 20 Wei Wei NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 21 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 22 J. J. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 23 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 24 Filler Filler NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 25 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 26 R. R. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 27 B. B. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 28 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 29 Huston Huston NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 30 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 31 N. N. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 32 C. C. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 33 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 34 Wan Wan NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 35 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 36 H. H. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 37 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 38 Szigeti- Szigeti- NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 39 Buck Buck NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 40 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 41 K. K. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 42 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 43 Wang Wang NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 44 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 45 B. B. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 46 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 47 Wang Wang NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 48 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 49 G. G. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 50 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 51 Montgomery Montgomery NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 52 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 53 R.R. R.R. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 54 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 55 Eisenbarth Eisenbarth NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 56 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 57 S. S. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 58 C. C. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 59 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 60 Williams Williams NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 61 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 62 A. a. NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 63 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 64 Pyle Pyle NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 65 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 66 A.M. A.M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 67 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 68 Iwasaki Iwasaki NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 69 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 70 A. a. NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 71 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 72 Horvath Horvath NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 73 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 74 T.L. T.L. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 75 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 76 Foxman Foxman NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 77 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 78 E.F. E.F. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 79 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 80 Pierce Pierce NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 81 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 82 R.W. R.W. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 83 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 84 van van NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 85 Dijk Dijk NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 86 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 87 D. D. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 88 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 89 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 90 Wilen Wilen NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 91 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 257 92 C.B. C.B. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 258 1 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 258 2 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 258 3 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 258 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 259 1 Single single JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 259 2 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 259 3 cell cell NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 259 4 longitudinal longitudinal JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 259 5 analysis analysis NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 259 6 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 259 7 SARS- SARS- NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 259 8 CoV-2 cov-2 POS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 259 9 infection infection NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 259 10 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 259 11 human human JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 259 12 bronchial bronchial JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 259 13 epithelial epithelial JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 259 14 cells cell NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 259 15 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 260 1 bioRxiv biorxiv NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 260 2 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 261 1 34 34 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 261 2 Kuleshov Kuleshov NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 261 3 MV MV NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 261 4 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 261 5 Jones Jones NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 261 6 MR MR NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 261 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 261 8 Rouillard Rouillard NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 261 9 AD AD NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 261 10 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 261 11 et et NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 261 12 al al NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 261 13 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 262 1 Enrichr Enrichr NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 262 2 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 262 3 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 262 4 comprehensive comprehensive JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 262 5 gene gene NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 262 6 set set NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 262 7 enrichment enrichment NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 262 8 analysis analysis NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 262 9 web web NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 262 10 server server NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 262 11 2016 2016 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 262 12 update update NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 262 13 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 263 1 Nucleic Nucleic NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 263 2 Acids Acids NNPS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 263 3 Res Res NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 263 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 264 1 2016;44(W1):W90-W97 2016;44(w1):w90-w97 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 264 2 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 265 1 doi:10.1093 doi:10.1093 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 265 2 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 265 3 nar nar NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 265 4 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 265 5 gkw377 gkw377 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 265 6 35 35 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 265 7 https://pypi.org/project/gseapy/ https://pypi.org/project/gseapy/ NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 265 8 36 36 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 265 9 Benjamini Benjamini NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 265 10 Y. Y. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 265 11 Discovering discover VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 265 12 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 265 13 false false JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 265 14 discovery discovery NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 265 15 rate rate NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 265 16 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 265 17 False false JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 265 18 Discovery Discovery NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 265 19 Rate rate NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 265 20 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 266 1 J. J. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 266 2 R. R. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 266 3 Stat Stat NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 266 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 267 1 Soc Soc NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 267 2 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 268 1 Ser Ser NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 268 2 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 269 1 B B NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 269 2 Stat Stat NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 269 3 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 270 1 Methodol Methodol NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 270 2 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 271 1 2010;72(4):405–416 2010;72(4):405–416 LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 271 2 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 272 1 doi doi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 272 2 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 272 3 10.1111 10.1111 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 272 4 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 272 5 j.1467 j.1467 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 272 6 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 272 7 9868.2010.00746.x 9868.2010.00746.x NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 272 8 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 1 37 37 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 2 Hoehl Hoehl NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 4 S. S. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 6 Rabenau Rabenau NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 8 H. H. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 10 Berger Berger NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 12 A. A. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 13 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 14 Kortenbusch Kortenbusch NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 16 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 17 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 18 Cinatl Cinatl NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 19 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 20 J. J. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 21 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 22 Bojkova Bojkova NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 23 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 24 D. D. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 25 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 26 Behrens Behrens NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 27 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 28 P. P. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 29 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 30 Böddinghaus Böddinghaus NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 31 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 32 B. B. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 33 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 34 Götsch Götsch NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 35 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 36 U. U. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 37 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 38 Naujoks Naujoks NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 39 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 40 F. F. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 41 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 42 Neumann Neumann NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 44 P. P. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 45 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 46 Schork Schork NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 47 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 48 J. J. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 49 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 50 Tiarks Tiarks NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 51 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 52 Jungk Jungk NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 53 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 54 P. P. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 55 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 56 Walczok Walczok NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 57 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 58 A. A. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 59 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 60 Eickmann Eickmann NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 61 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 62 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 63 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 64 Vehreschild Vehreschild NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 65 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 66 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 67 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 68 Kann Kann NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 69 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 70 G.,Wolf G.,Wolf NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 71 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 72 T.,Gottschalk T.,Gottschalk NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 73 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 74 R. R. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 75 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 76 & & CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 77 Ciesek Ciesek NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 78 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 79 S. S. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 80 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 81 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 82 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 273 83 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 274 1 Evidence evidence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 274 2 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 274 3 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 274 4 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 274 5 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 274 6 infection infection NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 274 7 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 274 8 returning return VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 274 9 travelers traveler NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 274 10 from from IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 274 11 Wuhan Wuhan NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 274 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 274 13 China China NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 274 14 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 275 1 New New NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 275 2 England England NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 275 3 Journal Journal NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 275 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 275 5 Medicine Medicine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 275 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 275 7 382(13 382(13 LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 275 8 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 275 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 275 10 1278 1278 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 275 11 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 275 12 1280 1280 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 275 13 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 1 38 38 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 2 Ellinger Ellinger NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 4 B. B. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 6 Bojkova Bojkova NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 8 D. D. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 10 Zaliani Zaliani NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 12 A. a. NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 13 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 14 Cinatl Cinatl NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 16 J. J. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 17 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 18 Claussen Claussen NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 19 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 20 C. C. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 21 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 22 Westhaus Westhaus NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 23 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 24 S. S. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 25 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 26 ... ... . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 27 & & CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 28 Gribbon Gribbon NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 29 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 30 P. P. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 31 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 32 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 33 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 276 34 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 277 1 Identification identification NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 277 2 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 277 3 inhibitors inhibitor NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 277 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 277 5 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 277 6 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 277 7 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 277 8 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 277 9 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 277 10 vitro vitro FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 277 11 cellular cellular JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 277 12 toxicity toxicity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 277 13 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 277 14 human human NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 277 15 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 277 16 Caco-2 Caco-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 277 17 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 277 18 cells cell NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 277 19 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 277 20 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 277 21 large large JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 277 22 scale scale NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 277 23 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 277 24 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 277 25 collection collection NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 277 26 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 1 manuscript manuscript NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 2 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 3 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 4 39 39 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 5 Bobrowski Bobrowski NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 7 T. T. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 8 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 9 Chen Chen NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 10 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 11 L. L. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 12 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 13 Eastman Eastman NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 15 R. R. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 16 T. T. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 17 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 18 Itkin Itkin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 19 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 20 Z. Z. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 21 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 22 Shinn Shinn NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 23 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 24 P. P. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 25 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 26 Chen Chen NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 27 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 28 C. C. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 29 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 30 Guo Guo NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 31 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 32 H. H. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 33 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 34 Zheng Zheng NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 35 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 36 W. W. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 37 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 38 Michael Michael NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 39 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 40 S. S. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 41 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 42 Simeonov Simeonov NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 44 A. A. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 45 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 46 Hall Hall NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 47 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 48 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 49 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 50 Zakharov Zakharov NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 51 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 52 A.V. A.V. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 53 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 54 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 55 Muratov Muratov NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 56 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 278 57 E.N. E.N. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 279 1 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 279 2 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 279 3 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 279 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 280 1 Discovery Discovery NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 280 2 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 280 3 Synergistic Synergistic NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 280 4 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 280 5 Antagonistic Antagonistic NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 280 6 Drug Drug NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 280 7 Combinations Combinations NNPS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 280 8 against against IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 280 9 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 280 10 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 280 11 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 280 12 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 280 13 Vitro Vitro NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 280 14 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 281 1 BioRxiv biorxiv NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 281 2 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 1 40 40 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 2 Bobrowski Bobrowski NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 4 T. T. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 6 Chen Chen NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 8 L. L. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 10 Eastman Eastman NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 12 R. R. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 13 T. T. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 14 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 15 Itkin Itkin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 16 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 17 Z. Z. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 18 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 19 Shinn Shinn NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 20 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 21 P. P. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 23 Chen Chen NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 24 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 25 C. C. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 26 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 27 Guo Guo NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 28 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 29 H. H. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 30 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 31 Zheng Zheng NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 32 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 33 W. W. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 34 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 35 Michael Michael NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 36 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 37 S. S. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 38 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 39 Simeonov Simeonov NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 40 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 41 A. A. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 42 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 43 Hall Hall NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 44 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 45 M. M. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 46 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 47 Zakharov Zakharov NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 48 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 49 A.V. A.V. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 50 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 51 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 52 Muratov Muratov NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 53 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 282 54 E.N. E.N. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 283 1 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 283 2 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 283 3 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 283 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 284 1 Discovery Discovery NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 284 2 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 284 3 Synergistic Synergistic NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 284 4 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 284 5 Antagonistic Antagonistic NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 284 6 Drug Drug NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 284 7 Combinations Combinations NNPS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 284 8 against against IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 284 9 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 284 10 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 284 11 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 284 12 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 284 13 Vitro Vitro NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 284 14 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 285 1 BioRxiv biorxiv NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 285 2 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 286 1 41 41 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 286 2 Ellinger ellinger NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 286 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 286 4 B B NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 286 5 et et NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 286 6 al al NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 286 7 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 287 1 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 287 2 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 287 3 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 287 4 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 288 1 Identification identification NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 288 2 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 288 3 inhibitors inhibitor NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 288 4 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 288 5 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 288 6 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 288 7 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 288 8 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 288 9 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 288 10 vitro vitro FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 288 11 cellular cellular JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 288 12 toxicity toxicity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 288 13 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 288 14 human human NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 288 15 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 288 16 Caco-2 Caco-2 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 288 17 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 288 18 cells cell NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 288 19 using use VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 288 20 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 288 21 large large JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 288 22 scale scale NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 288 23 drug drug NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 288 24 repurposing repurposing NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 288 25 collection collection NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 288 26 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 289 1 Preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 289 2 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 290 1 https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-23951/v1 https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-23951/v1 UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 290 2 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 1 42 42 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 2 Yamamoto yamamoto NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 4 N. N. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 6 Yang Yang NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 8 R. R. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 10 Yoshinaka Yoshinaka NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 12 Y. Y. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 13 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 14 Amari Amari NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 16 S. S. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 17 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 18 Nakano Nakano NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 19 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 20 T. T. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 21 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 22 Cinatl Cinatl NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 23 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 24 J. J. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 25 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 26 ... ... . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 27 & & CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 28 Tamamura Tamamura NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 29 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 30 H. H. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 31 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 32 2004 2004 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 33 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 291 34 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 292 1 HIV HIV NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 292 2 protease protease NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 292 3 inhibitor inhibitor NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 292 4 nelfinavir nelfinavir NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 292 5 inhibits inhibit VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 292 6 replication replication NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 292 7 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 292 8 SARS SARS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 292 9 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 292 10 associated associate VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 292 11 coronavirus coronavirus NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 292 12 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 293 1 Biochemical biochemical JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 293 2 and and CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 293 3 biophysical biophysical JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 293 4 research research NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 293 5 communications communication NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 293 6 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 293 7 318(3 318(3 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 293 8 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 293 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 293 10 719 719 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 293 11 - - SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 293 12 725 725 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 293 13 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 1 43 43 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 2 Musarrat Musarrat NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 3 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 4 F. F. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 5 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 6 Chouljenko Chouljenko NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 7 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 8 V. V. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 9 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 10 Dahal Dahal NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 11 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 12 A. A. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 13 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 14 Nabi Nabi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 15 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 16 R. R. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 17 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 18 Chouljenko Chouljenko NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 19 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 20 T. T. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 21 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 22 Jois Jois NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 23 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 24 S. S. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 25 D. D. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 26 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 27 & & CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 28 Kousoulas Kousoulas NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 29 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 30 K. K. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 31 G. G. NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 32 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 33 2020 2020 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 34 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 294 35 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 1 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 2 anti‐ anti‐ NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 3 HIV HIV NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 4 Drug Drug NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 5 Nelfinavir Nelfinavir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 6 Mesylate Mesylate NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 7 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 8 Viracept Viracept NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 9 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 10 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 11 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 12 Potent potent JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 13 Inhibitor Inhibitor NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 14 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 15 Cell Cell NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 16 Fusion Fusion NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 17 Caused cause VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 18 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 19 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 20 SARS‐CoV‐2 sars‐cov‐2 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 21 Spike Spike NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 22 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 23 S S NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 24 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 25 Glycoprotein Glycoprotein NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 26 Warranting warrant VBG 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 27 further further JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 28 Evaluation Evaluation NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 29 as as IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 30 an an DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 31 Antiviral Antiviral NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 32 against against IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 33 COVID‐19 COVID‐19 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 34 infections infection NNS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 295 35 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 296 1 Journal Journal NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 296 2 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 296 3 medical medical JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 296 4 virology virology NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 296 5 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 297 1 .CC .CC NFP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 297 2 - - : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 297 3 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 297 4 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 297 5 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 297 6 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 297 7 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 297 8 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 297 9 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 297 10 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 297 11 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 51 http://rdcu.be/qKdS http://rdcu.be/qKdS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 52 http://rdcu.be/qKdS http://rdcu.be/qKdS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 53 http://rdcu.be/qKdS http://rdcu.be/qKdS NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 54 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1810137115 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1810137115 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 55 https://reframedb.org/assays/A00461 https://reframedb.org/assays/A00461 `` 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 56 https://reframedb.org/assays/A00440 https://reframedb.org/assays/a00440 ADD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 57 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 ADD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 58 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 59 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 60 b b NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 61 .CC .CC : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 62 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 63 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 64 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 65 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 66 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 67 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 68 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 69 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 70 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 298 71 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 51 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 52 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 53 .CC .CC : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 54 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 55 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 56 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 57 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 58 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 59 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 60 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 61 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 62 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 299 63 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 51 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 52 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 53 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 54 b b NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 55 .CC .CC : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 56 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 57 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 58 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 59 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 60 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 61 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 62 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 63 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 64 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 300 65 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 51 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 52 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 53 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 54 b b NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 55 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 56 .CC .CC : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 57 - - : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 58 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 59 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 60 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 61 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 62 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 63 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 64 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 65 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 301 66 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 51 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 52 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 53 .CC .CC : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 54 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 55 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 56 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 57 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 58 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 59 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 60 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 61 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 62 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 302 63 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 51 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 52 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 53 -9 -9 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 54 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 55 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 56 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 57 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 58 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 59 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 60 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 61 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 62 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 63 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 64 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 65 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 66 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 67 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 68 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 69 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 70 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 71 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 72 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 73 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 74 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 75 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 76 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 77 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 78 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 79 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 80 n n NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 81 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 82 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 83 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 84 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 85 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 86 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 87 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 88 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 89 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 90 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 91 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 92 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 93 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 94 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 95 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 96 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 97 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 98 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 99 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 100 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 101 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 102 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 103 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 104 Nelfinavir Nelfinavir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 105 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 106 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 107 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 108 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 109 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 110 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 111 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 112 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 113 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 114 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 115 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 116 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 117 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 118 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 119 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 120 n n CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 121 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 122 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 123 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 124 6.67 6.67 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 125 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 126 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 127 2.22 2.22 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 128 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 129 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 130 0.74 0.74 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 131 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 132 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 133 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 134 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 135 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 136 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 137 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 138 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 139 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 140 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 141 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 142 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 143 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 144 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 145 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 146 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 147 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 148 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 149 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 150 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 151 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 152 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 153 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 154 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 155 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 156 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 157 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 158 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 159 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 160 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 161 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 162 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 163 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 164 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 165 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 166 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 167 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 168 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 169 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 170 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 171 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 172 n n NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 173 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 174 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 175 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 176 6.67 6.67 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 177 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 178 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 179 2.22 2.22 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 180 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 181 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 182 0.74 0.74 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 183 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 184 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 185 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 186 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 187 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 188 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 189 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 190 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 191 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 192 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 193 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 194 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 195 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 196 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 197 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 198 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 199 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 200 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 201 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 202 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 203 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 204 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 205 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 206 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 207 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 208 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 209 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 210 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 211 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 212 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 213 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 214 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 215 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 216 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 217 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 218 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 219 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 220 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 221 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 222 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 223 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 224 n n CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 225 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 226 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 227 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 228 6.67 6.67 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 229 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 230 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 231 2.22 2.22 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 232 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 233 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 234 0.74 0.74 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 235 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 236 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 237 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 238 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 239 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 240 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 241 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 242 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 243 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 244 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 245 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 246 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 247 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 248 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 249 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 250 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 251 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 252 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 253 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 254 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 255 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 256 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 257 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 258 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 259 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 260 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 261 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 262 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 263 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 264 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 265 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 266 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 267 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 268 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 269 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 270 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 271 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 272 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 273 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 274 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 275 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 276 n n NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 277 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 278 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 279 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 280 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 281 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 282 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 283 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 284 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 285 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 286 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 287 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 288 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 289 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 290 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 291 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 292 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 293 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 294 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 295 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 296 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 297 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 298 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 299 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 300 Nelfinavir Nelfinavir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 301 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 302 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 303 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 304 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 305 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 306 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 307 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 308 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 309 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 310 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 311 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 312 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 313 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 314 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 315 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 316 n n CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 317 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 318 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 319 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 320 6.67 6.67 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 321 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 322 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 323 2.22 2.22 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 324 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 325 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 326 0.74 0.74 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 327 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 328 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 329 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 330 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 331 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 332 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 333 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 334 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 335 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 336 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 337 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 338 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 339 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 340 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 341 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 342 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 343 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 344 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 345 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 346 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 347 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 348 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 349 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 350 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 351 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 352 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 353 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 354 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 355 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 356 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 357 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 358 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 359 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 360 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 361 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 362 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 363 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 364 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 365 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 366 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 367 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 368 n n NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 369 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 370 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 371 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 372 6.67 6.67 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 373 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 374 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 375 2.22 2.22 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 376 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 377 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 378 0.74 0.74 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 379 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 380 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 381 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 382 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 383 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 384 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 385 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 386 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 387 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 388 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 389 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 390 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 391 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 392 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 393 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 394 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 395 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 396 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 397 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 398 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 399 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 400 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 401 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 402 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 403 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 404 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 405 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 406 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 407 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 408 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 409 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 410 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 411 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 412 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 413 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 414 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 415 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 416 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 417 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 418 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 419 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 420 n n CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 421 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 422 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 423 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 424 6.67 6.67 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 425 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 426 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 427 2.22 2.22 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 428 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 429 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 430 0.74 0.74 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 431 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 432 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 433 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 434 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 435 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 436 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 437 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 438 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 439 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 440 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 441 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 442 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 443 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 444 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 445 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 446 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 447 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 448 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 449 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 450 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 451 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 452 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 453 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 454 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 455 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 456 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 457 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 458 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 459 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 460 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 461 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 462 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 463 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 464 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 465 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 466 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 467 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 468 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 469 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 470 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 471 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 472 n n NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 473 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 474 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 475 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 476 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 477 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 478 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 479 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 480 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 481 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 482 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 483 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 484 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 485 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 486 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 487 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 488 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 489 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 490 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 491 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 492 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 493 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 494 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 495 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 496 Nelfinavir Nelfinavir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 497 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 498 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 499 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 500 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 501 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 502 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 503 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 504 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 505 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 506 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 507 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 508 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 509 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 510 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 511 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 512 n n CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 513 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 514 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 515 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 516 6.67 6.67 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 517 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 518 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 519 2.22 2.22 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 520 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 521 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 522 0.74 0.74 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 523 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 524 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 525 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 526 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 527 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 528 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 529 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 530 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 531 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 532 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 533 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 534 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 535 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 536 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 537 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 538 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 539 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 540 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 541 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 542 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 543 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 544 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 545 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 546 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 547 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 548 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 549 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 550 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 551 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 552 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 553 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 554 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 555 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 556 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 557 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 558 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 559 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 560 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 561 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 562 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 563 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 564 n n NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 565 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 566 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 567 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 568 6.67 6.67 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 569 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 570 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 571 2.22 2.22 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 572 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 573 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 574 0.74 0.74 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 575 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 576 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 577 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 578 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 579 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 580 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 581 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 582 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 583 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 584 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 585 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 586 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 587 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 588 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 589 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 590 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 591 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 592 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 593 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 594 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 595 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 596 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 597 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 598 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 599 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 600 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 601 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 602 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 603 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 604 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 605 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 606 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 607 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 608 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 609 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 610 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 611 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 612 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 613 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 614 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 615 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 616 n n CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 617 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 618 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 619 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 620 6.67 6.67 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 621 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 622 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 623 2.22 2.22 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 624 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 625 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 626 0.74 0.74 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 627 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 628 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 629 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 630 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 631 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 632 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 633 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 634 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 635 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 636 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 637 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 638 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 639 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 640 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 641 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 642 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 643 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 644 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 645 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 646 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 647 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 648 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 649 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 650 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 651 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 652 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 653 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 654 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 655 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 656 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 657 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 658 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 659 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 660 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 661 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 662 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 663 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 664 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 665 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 666 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 667 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 668 n n NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 669 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 670 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 671 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 672 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 673 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 674 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 675 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 676 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 677 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 678 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 679 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 680 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 681 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 682 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 683 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 684 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 685 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 686 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 687 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 688 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 689 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 690 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 691 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 692 Nelfinavir Nelfinavir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 693 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 694 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 695 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 696 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 697 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 698 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 699 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 700 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 701 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 702 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 703 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 704 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 705 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 706 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 707 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 708 n n CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 709 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 710 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 711 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 712 6.67 6.67 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 713 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 714 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 715 2.22 2.22 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 716 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 717 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 718 0.74 0.74 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 719 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 720 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 721 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 722 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 723 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 724 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 725 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 726 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 727 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 728 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 729 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 730 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 731 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 732 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 733 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 734 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 735 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 736 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 737 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 738 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 739 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 740 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 741 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 742 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 743 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 744 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 745 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 746 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 747 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 748 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 749 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 750 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 751 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 752 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 753 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 754 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 755 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 756 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 757 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 758 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 759 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 760 n n NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 761 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 762 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 763 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 764 6.67 6.67 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 765 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 766 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 767 2.22 2.22 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 768 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 769 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 770 0.74 0.74 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 771 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 772 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 773 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 774 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 775 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 776 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 777 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 778 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 779 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 780 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 781 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 782 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 783 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 784 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 785 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 786 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 787 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 788 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 789 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 790 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 791 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 792 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 793 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 794 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 795 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 796 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 797 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 798 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 799 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 800 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 801 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 802 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 803 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 804 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 805 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 806 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 807 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 808 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 809 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 810 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 811 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 812 n n CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 813 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 814 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 815 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 816 6.67 6.67 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 817 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 818 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 819 2.22 2.22 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 820 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 821 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 822 0.74 0.74 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 823 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 824 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 825 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 826 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 827 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 828 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 829 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 830 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 831 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 832 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 833 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 834 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 835 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 836 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 837 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 838 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 839 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 840 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 841 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 842 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 843 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 844 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 845 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 846 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 847 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 848 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 849 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 850 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 851 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 852 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 853 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 854 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 855 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 856 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 857 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 858 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 859 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 860 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 861 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 862 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 863 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 864 n n NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 865 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 866 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 867 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 868 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 869 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 870 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 871 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 872 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 873 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 874 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 875 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 876 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 877 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 878 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 879 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 880 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 881 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 882 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 883 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 884 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 885 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 886 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 887 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 888 Nelfinavir Nelfinavir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 889 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 890 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 891 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 892 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 893 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 894 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 895 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 896 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 897 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 898 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 899 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 900 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 901 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 902 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 903 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 904 n n CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 905 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 906 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 907 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 908 6.67 6.67 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 909 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 910 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 911 2.22 2.22 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 912 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 913 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 914 0.74 0.74 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 915 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 916 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 917 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 918 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 919 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 920 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 921 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 922 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 923 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 924 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 925 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 926 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 927 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 928 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 929 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 930 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 931 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 932 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 933 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 934 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 935 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 936 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 937 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 938 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 939 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 940 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 941 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 942 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 943 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 944 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 945 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 946 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 947 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 948 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 949 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 950 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 951 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 952 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 953 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 954 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 955 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 956 n n NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 957 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 958 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 959 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 960 6.67 6.67 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 961 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 962 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 963 2.22 2.22 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 964 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 965 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 966 0.74 0.74 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 967 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 968 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 969 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 970 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 971 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 972 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 973 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 974 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 975 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 976 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 977 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 978 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 979 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 980 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 981 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 982 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 983 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 984 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 985 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 986 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 987 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 988 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 989 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 990 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 991 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 992 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 993 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 994 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 995 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 996 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 997 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 998 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 999 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1000 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1001 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1002 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1003 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1004 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1005 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1006 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1007 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1008 n n CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1009 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1010 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1011 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1012 6.67 6.67 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1013 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1014 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1015 2.22 2.22 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1016 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1017 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1018 0.74 0.74 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1019 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1020 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1021 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1022 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1023 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1024 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1025 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1026 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1027 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1028 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1029 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1030 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1031 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1032 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1033 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1034 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1035 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1036 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1037 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1038 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1039 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1040 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1041 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1042 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1043 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1044 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1045 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1046 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1047 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1048 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1049 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1050 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1051 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1052 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1053 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1054 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1055 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1056 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1057 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1058 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1059 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1060 n n NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1061 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1062 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1063 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1064 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1065 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1066 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1067 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1068 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1069 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1070 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1071 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1072 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1073 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1074 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1075 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1076 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1077 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1078 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1079 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1080 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1081 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1082 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1083 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1084 Nelfinavir Nelfinavir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1085 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1086 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1087 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1088 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1089 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1090 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1091 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1092 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1093 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1094 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1095 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1096 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1097 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1098 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1099 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1100 n n CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1101 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1102 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1103 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1104 6.67 6.67 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1105 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1106 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1107 2.22 2.22 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1108 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1109 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1110 0.74 0.74 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1111 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1112 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1113 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1114 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1115 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1116 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1117 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1118 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1119 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1120 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1121 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1122 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1123 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1124 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1125 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1126 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1127 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1128 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1129 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1130 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1131 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1132 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1133 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1134 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1135 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1136 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1137 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1138 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1139 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1140 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1141 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1142 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1143 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1144 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1145 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1146 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1147 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1148 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1149 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1150 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1151 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1152 n n NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1153 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1154 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1155 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1156 6.67 6.67 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1157 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1158 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1159 2.22 2.22 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1160 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1161 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1162 0.74 0.74 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1163 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1164 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1165 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1166 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1167 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1168 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1169 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1170 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1171 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1172 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1173 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1174 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1175 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1176 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1177 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1178 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1179 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1180 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1181 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1182 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1183 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1184 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1185 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1186 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1187 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1188 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1189 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1190 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1191 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1192 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1193 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1194 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1195 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1196 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1197 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1198 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1199 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1200 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1201 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1202 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1203 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1204 n n CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1205 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1206 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1207 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1208 6.67 6.67 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1209 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1210 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1211 2.22 2.22 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1212 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1213 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1214 0.74 0.74 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1215 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1216 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1217 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1218 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1219 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1220 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1221 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1222 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1223 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1224 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1225 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1226 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1227 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1228 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1229 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1230 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1231 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1232 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1233 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1234 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1235 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1236 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1237 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1238 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1239 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1240 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1241 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1242 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1243 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1244 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1245 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1246 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1247 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1248 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1249 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1250 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1251 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1252 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1253 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1254 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1255 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1256 n n NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1257 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1258 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1259 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1260 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1261 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1262 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1263 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1264 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1265 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1266 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1267 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1268 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1269 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1270 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1271 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1272 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1273 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1274 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1275 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1276 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1277 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1278 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1279 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1280 Nelfinavir Nelfinavir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1281 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1282 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1283 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1284 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1285 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1286 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1287 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1288 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1289 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1290 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1291 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1292 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1293 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1294 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1295 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1296 n n CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1297 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1298 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1299 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1300 6.67 6.67 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1301 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1302 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1303 2.22 2.22 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1304 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1305 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1306 0.74 0.74 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1307 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1308 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1309 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1310 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1311 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1312 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1313 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1314 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1315 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1316 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1317 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1318 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1319 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1320 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1321 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1322 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1323 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1324 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1325 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1326 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1327 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1328 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1329 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1330 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1331 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1332 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1333 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1334 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1335 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1336 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1337 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1338 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1339 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1340 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1341 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1342 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1343 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1344 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1345 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1346 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1347 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1348 n n NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1349 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1350 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1351 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1352 6.67 6.67 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1353 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1354 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1355 2.22 2.22 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1356 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1357 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1358 0.74 0.74 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1359 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1360 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1361 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1362 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1363 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1364 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1365 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1366 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1367 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1368 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1369 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1370 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1371 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1372 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1373 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1374 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1375 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1376 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1377 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1378 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1379 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1380 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1381 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1382 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1383 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1384 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1385 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1386 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1387 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1388 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1389 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1390 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1391 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1392 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1393 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1394 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1395 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1396 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1397 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1398 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1399 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1400 n n CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1401 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1402 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1403 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1404 6.67 6.67 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1405 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1406 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1407 2.22 2.22 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1408 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1409 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1410 0.74 0.74 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1411 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1412 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1413 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1414 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1415 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1416 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1417 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1418 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1419 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1420 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1421 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1422 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1423 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1424 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1425 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1426 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1427 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1428 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1429 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1430 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1431 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1432 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1433 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1434 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1435 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1436 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1437 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1438 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1439 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1440 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1441 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1442 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1443 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1444 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1445 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1446 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1447 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1448 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1449 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1450 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1451 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1452 n n NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1453 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1454 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1455 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1456 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1457 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1458 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1459 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1460 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1461 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1462 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1463 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1464 Thioguanosine Thioguanosine NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1465 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1466 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1467 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1468 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1469 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1470 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1471 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1472 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1473 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1474 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1475 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1476 Nelfinavir Nelfinavir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1477 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1478 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1479 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1480 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1481 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1482 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1483 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1484 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1485 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1486 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1487 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1488 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1489 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1490 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1491 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1492 n n CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1493 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1494 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1495 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1496 6.67 6.67 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1497 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1498 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1499 2.22 2.22 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1500 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1501 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1502 0.74 0.74 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1503 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1504 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1505 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1506 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1507 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1508 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1509 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1510 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1511 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1512 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1513 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1514 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1515 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1516 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1517 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1518 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1519 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1520 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1521 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1522 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1523 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1524 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1525 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1526 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1527 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1528 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1529 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1530 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1531 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1532 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1533 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1534 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1535 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1536 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1537 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1538 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1539 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1540 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1541 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1542 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1543 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1544 n n NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1545 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1546 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1547 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1548 6.67 6.67 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1549 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1550 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1551 2.22 2.22 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1552 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1553 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1554 0.74 0.74 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1555 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1556 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1557 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1558 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1559 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1560 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1561 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1562 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1563 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1564 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1565 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1566 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1567 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1568 Anisomycin Anisomycin NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1569 -9 -9 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1570 -8 -8 NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1571 -7 -7 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1572 -6 -6 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1573 -5 -5 FW 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1574 -4 -4 : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1575 -50 -50 NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1576 0 0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1577 50 50 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1578 100 100 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1579 150 150 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1580 Remdesivir Remdesivir NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1581 DRC drc NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1582 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1583 presence presence NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1584 of of IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1585 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1586 log log NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1587 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1588 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1589 M m NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1590 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1591 % % NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1592 In in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1593 hi hi UH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1594 bi bi NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1595 tio tio NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1596 n n CC 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1597 20 20 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1598 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1599 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1600 6.67 6.67 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1601 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1602 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1603 2.22 2.22 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1604 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1605 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1606 0.74 0.74 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1607 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1608 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1609 0.25 0.25 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1610 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1611 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1612 0.08 0.08 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1613 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1614 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1615 0.03 0.03 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1616 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1617 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1618 0.01 0.01 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1619 µM µM NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1620 Raloxifene Raloxifene NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1621 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1622 c c NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1623 b b NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1624 d d NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1625 .CC .CC : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1626 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1627 BY by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1628 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1629 NC NC NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1630 - - HYPH 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1631 ND ND NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1632 4.0 4.0 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1633 International international JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1634 licenseperpetuity licenseperpetuity NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 303 1635 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 1 It -PRON- PRP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 2 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 3 made make VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 4 available available JJ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 5 under under IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 6 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 7 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 8 ( ( -LRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 9 which which WDT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 10 was be VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 11 not not RB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 12 certified certify VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 13 by by IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 14 peer peer NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 15 review review NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 16 ) ) -RRB- 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 17 is be VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 18 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 19 author author NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 20 / / SYM 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 21 funder funder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 22 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 23 who who WP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 24 has have VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 25 granted grant VBN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 26 bioRxiv biorxiv IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 27 a a DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 28 license license NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 29 to to TO 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 30 display display VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 31 the the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 32 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 33 in in IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 34 The the DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 35 copyright copyright NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 36 holder holder NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 37 for for IN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 38 thisthis thisthis DT 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 39 version version NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 40 posted post VBD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 41 February February NNP 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 42 12 12 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 43 , , , 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 44 2021 2021 CD 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 45 . . . 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 46 ; ; : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 47 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239doi LS 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 48 : : : 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 49 bioRxiv biorxiv VB 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 50 preprint preprint NN 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 51 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.308239 VBZ 10_1101-2020_09_23_308239 304 52 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ NN