id sid tid token lemma pos 31221 1 1 UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY NNP 31221 1 2 OF of IN 31221 1 3 KANSAS KANSAS NNP 31221 1 4 PUBLICATIONS PUBLICATIONS NNP 31221 1 5 MUSEUM MUSEUM NNP 31221 1 6 OF of IN 31221 1 7 NATURAL natural JJ 31221 1 8 HISTORY HISTORY NNP 31221 1 9 Volume volume NN 31221 1 10 18 18 CD 31221 1 11 , , , 31221 1 12 No no UH 31221 1 13 . . . 31221 2 1 1 1 CD 31221 2 2 , , , 31221 2 3 pp pp NNP 31221 2 4 . . . 31221 3 1 1 1 CD 31221 3 2 - - SYM 31221 3 3 10 10 CD 31221 3 4 September September NNP 31221 3 5 24 24 CD 31221 3 6 , , , 31221 3 7 1968 1968 CD 31221 3 8 The the DT 31221 3 9 Genera Genera NNP 31221 3 10 of of IN 31221 3 11 Phyllomedusine Phyllomedusine NNP 31221 3 12 Frogs Frogs NNP 31221 3 13 ( ( -LRB- 31221 3 14 Anura anura NN 31221 3 15 : : : 31221 3 16 Hylidae hylidae NN 31221 3 17 ) ) -RRB- 31221 3 18 BY by IN 31221 3 19 WILLIAM WILLIAM NNPS 31221 3 20 E. E. NNP 31221 3 21 DUELLMAN DUELLMAN NNP 31221 3 22 UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY NNP 31221 3 23 OF of IN 31221 3 24 KANSAS KANSAS NNP 31221 3 25 LAWRENCE LAWRENCE NNP 31221 3 26 1968 1968 CD 31221 3 27 UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY NNP 31221 3 28 OF of IN 31221 3 29 KANSAS KANSAS NNP 31221 3 30 PUBLICATIONS PUBLICATIONS NNP 31221 3 31 , , , 31221 3 32 MUSEUM MUSEUM NNP 31221 3 33 OF of IN 31221 3 34 NATURAL natural JJ 31221 3 35 HISTORY HISTORY NNP 31221 3 36 Editors Editors NNPS 31221 3 37 of of IN 31221 3 38 this this DT 31221 3 39 number number NN 31221 3 40 : : : 31221 3 41 Frank Frank NNP 31221 3 42 B. B. NNP 31221 4 1 Cross Cross NNP 31221 4 2 , , , 31221 4 3 Philip Philip NNP 31221 4 4 S. S. NNP 31221 4 5 Humphrey Humphrey NNP 31221 4 6 , , , 31221 4 7 J. J. NNP 31221 4 8 Knox Knox NNP 31221 4 9 Jones Jones NNP 31221 4 10 , , , 31221 4 11 Jr. Jr. NNP 31221 4 12 Volume Volume NNP 31221 4 13 18 18 CD 31221 4 14 , , , 31221 4 15 No no UH 31221 4 16 . . . 31221 5 1 1 1 CD 31221 5 2 , , , 31221 5 3 pp pp NNP 31221 5 4 . . . 31221 6 1 1 1 CD 31221 6 2 - - SYM 31221 6 3 10 10 CD 31221 6 4 Published publish VBN 31221 6 5 September September NNP 31221 6 6 24 24 CD 31221 6 7 , , , 31221 6 8 1968 1968 CD 31221 6 9 UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY NNP 31221 6 10 OF of IN 31221 6 11 KANSAS KANSAS NNP 31221 6 12 Lawrence Lawrence NNP 31221 6 13 , , , 31221 6 14 Kansas Kansas NNP 31221 6 15 PRINTED PRINTED NNP 31221 6 16 BY by IN 31221 6 17 ROBERT ROBERT NNP 31221 6 18 R. R. NNP 31221 6 19 ( ( -LRB- 31221 6 20 BOB BOB NNP 31221 6 21 ) ) -RRB- 31221 6 22 SANDERS sander NNS 31221 6 23 , , , 31221 6 24 STATE STATE NNP 31221 6 25 PRINTER PRINTER NNP 31221 6 26 TOPEKA TOPEKA NNP 31221 6 27 , , , 31221 6 28 KANSAS KANSAS NNP 31221 6 29 1968 1968 CD 31221 6 30 32 32 CD 31221 6 31 - - SYM 31221 6 32 3687 3687 CD 31221 6 33 The the DT 31221 6 34 Genera Genera NNP 31221 6 35 of of IN 31221 6 36 Phyllomedusine Phyllomedusine NNP 31221 6 37 Frogs Frogs NNP 31221 6 38 ( ( -LRB- 31221 6 39 Anura anura NN 31221 6 40 : : : 31221 6 41 Hylidae hylidae NN 31221 6 42 ) ) -RRB- 31221 6 43 BY by IN 31221 6 44 WILLIAM WILLIAM NNPS 31221 6 45 E. E. NNP 31221 6 46 DUELLMAN DUELLMAN NNP 31221 6 47 One one CD 31221 6 48 of of IN 31221 6 49 the the DT 31221 6 50 most most RBS 31221 6 51 distinctive distinctive JJ 31221 6 52 phyletic phyletic JJ 31221 6 53 lines line NNS 31221 6 54 among among IN 31221 6 55 the the DT 31221 6 56 diverse diverse JJ 31221 6 57 Neotropical neotropical JJ 31221 6 58 hylid hylid NN 31221 6 59 frogs frog NNS 31221 6 60 is be VBZ 31221 6 61 composed compose VBN 31221 6 62 of of IN 31221 6 63 a a DT 31221 6 64 group group NN 31221 6 65 of of IN 31221 6 66 40 40 CD 31221 6 67 species specie NNS 31221 6 68 placed place VBN 31221 6 69 in in IN 31221 6 70 the the DT 31221 6 71 genus genus NNP 31221 6 72 _ _ NNP 31221 6 73 Phyllomedusa Phyllomedusa NNP 31221 6 74 _ _ NNP 31221 6 75 ( ( -LRB- 31221 6 76 Funkhouser Funkhouser NNP 31221 6 77 , , , 31221 6 78 1957 1957 CD 31221 6 79 ) ) -RRB- 31221 6 80 or or CC 31221 6 81 in in IN 31221 6 82 two two CD 31221 6 83 or or CC 31221 6 84 three three CD 31221 6 85 different different JJ 31221 6 86 genera genera NN 31221 6 87 ( ( -LRB- 31221 6 88 Goin go NNP 31221 6 89 , , , 31221 6 90 1961 1961 CD 31221 6 91 ; ; : 31221 6 92 Lutz Lutz NNP 31221 6 93 , , , 31221 6 94 1966 1966 CD 31221 6 95 ) ) -RRB- 31221 6 96 . . . 31221 7 1 These these DT 31221 7 2 species specie NNS 31221 7 3 differ differ VBP 31221 7 4 from from IN 31221 7 5 all all DT 31221 7 6 other other JJ 31221 7 7 Neotropical neotropical JJ 31221 7 8 hylids hylid NNS 31221 7 9 by by IN 31221 7 10 possessing possess VBG 31221 7 11 a a DT 31221 7 12 vertical vertical JJ 31221 7 13 , , , 31221 7 14 instead instead RB 31221 7 15 of of IN 31221 7 16 horizontal horizontal JJ 31221 7 17 , , , 31221 7 18 pupil pupil NN 31221 7 19 . . . 31221 8 1 The the DT 31221 8 2 only only JJ 31221 8 3 other other JJ 31221 8 4 hylids hylid NNS 31221 8 5 having have VBG 31221 8 6 a a DT 31221 8 7 vertical vertical JJ 31221 8 8 pupil pupil NN 31221 8 9 belong belong VBP 31221 8 10 to to IN 31221 8 11 the the DT 31221 8 12 Papuan papuan JJ 31221 8 13 genus genus NN 31221 8 14 _ _ NNP 31221 8 15 Nyctimystes Nyctimystes NNP 31221 8 16 _ _ NNP 31221 8 17 . . . 31221 9 1 Goin go VB 31221 9 2 ( ( -LRB- 31221 9 3 1961 1961 CD 31221 9 4 ) ) -RRB- 31221 9 5 erroneously erroneously RB 31221 9 6 stated state VBN 31221 9 7 that that IN 31221 9 8 _ _ NNP 31221 9 9 Nyctimantis Nyctimantis NNP 31221 9 10 _ _ NNP 31221 9 11 and and CC 31221 9 12 _ _ NNP 31221 9 13 Triprion Triprion NNP 31221 9 14 _ _ NNP 31221 9 15 have have VBP 31221 9 16 vertical vertical JJ 31221 9 17 pupils pupil NNS 31221 9 18 . . . 31221 10 1 Although although IN 31221 10 2 limited limited JJ 31221 10 3 information information NN 31221 10 4 is be VBZ 31221 10 5 available available JJ 31221 10 6 on on IN 31221 10 7 the the DT 31221 10 8 cytotaxonomy cytotaxonomy NN 31221 10 9 of of IN 31221 10 10 hylids hylid NNS 31221 10 11 , , , 31221 10 12 the the DT 31221 10 13 data datum NNS 31221 10 14 show show VBP 31221 10 15 that that IN 31221 10 16 phyllomedusine phyllomedusine NN 31221 10 17 species specie NNS 31221 10 18 have have VBP 31221 10 19 _ _ NNP 31221 10 20 n_=13 n_=13 NNP 31221 10 21 ( ( -LRB- 31221 10 22 2_n_=26 2_n_=26 CD 31221 10 23 ) ) -RRB- 31221 10 24 chromosomes chromosome VBZ 31221 10 25 . . . 31221 11 1 _ _ NNP 31221 11 2 Acris Acris NNP 31221 11 3 _ _ NNP 31221 11 4 has have VBZ 31221 11 5 _ _ NNP 31221 11 6 n_=11 n_=11 NNP 31221 11 7 ( ( -LRB- 31221 11 8 2_n_=22 2_n_=22 CD 31221 11 9 ) ) -RRB- 31221 11 10 ( ( -LRB- 31221 11 11 Cole Cole NNP 31221 11 12 , , , 31221 11 13 1966 1966 CD 31221 11 14 ) ) -RRB- 31221 11 15 . . . 31221 12 1 Members member NNS 31221 12 2 of of IN 31221 12 3 the the DT 31221 12 4 _ _ NNP 31221 12 5 Hyla Hyla NNP 31221 12 6 leucophyllata leucophyllata NN 31221 12 7 _ _ NNP 31221 12 8 , , , 31221 12 9 _ _ NNP 31221 12 10 microcephala microcephala NNP 31221 12 11 _ _ NNP 31221 12 12 , , , 31221 12 13 and and CC 31221 12 14 _ _ NNP 31221 12 15 parviceps parviceps NNP 31221 12 16 _ _ NNP 31221 12 17 groups group NNS 31221 12 18 have have VBP 31221 12 19 _ _ NNP 31221 12 20 n_=15 n_=15 NNP 31221 12 21 ( ( -LRB- 31221 12 22 2_n_=30 2_n_=30 CD 31221 12 23 ) ) -RRB- 31221 12 24 , , , 31221 12 25 _ _ NNP 31221 12 26 Gastrotheca Gastrotheca NNP 31221 12 27 ceratophrys ceratophrys NN 31221 12 28 _ _ NNP 31221 12 29 has have VBZ 31221 12 30 a a DT 31221 12 31 haploid haploid NN 31221 12 32 number number NN 31221 12 33 of of IN 31221 12 34 14 14 CD 31221 12 35 , , , 31221 12 36 the the DT 31221 12 37 Papuan Papuan NNP 31221 12 38 hylid hylid VBD 31221 12 39 genus genus NN 31221 12 40 _ _ NNP 31221 12 41 Nyctimystes Nyctimystes NNP 31221 12 42 _ _ NNP 31221 12 43 and and CC 31221 12 44 all all DT 31221 12 45 but but IN 31221 12 46 one one CD 31221 12 47 of of IN 31221 12 48 the the DT 31221 12 49 Australo Australo NNP 31221 12 50 - - HYPH 31221 12 51 Papuan Papuan NNP 31221 12 52 _ _ NNP 31221 12 53 Hyla Hyla NNP 31221 12 54 _ _ NNP 31221 12 55 for for IN 31221 12 56 which which WDT 31221 12 57 the the DT 31221 12 58 numbers number NNS 31221 12 59 are be VBP 31221 12 60 known know VBN 31221 12 61 have have VBP 31221 12 62 a a DT 31221 12 63 haploid haploid NN 31221 12 64 number number NN 31221 12 65 of of IN 31221 12 66 13 13 CD 31221 12 67 , , , 31221 12 68 and and CC 31221 12 69 all all DT 31221 12 70 other other JJ 31221 12 71 New New NNP 31221 12 72 World World NNP 31221 12 73 hylids hylid NNS 31221 12 74 studied study VBD 31221 12 75 have have VBP 31221 12 76 _ _ NNP 31221 12 77 n_=12 n_=12 NNP 31221 12 78 ( ( -LRB- 31221 12 79 2_n_=24 2_n_=24 CD 31221 12 80 ) ) -RRB- 31221 12 81 ( ( -LRB- 31221 12 82 Duellman Duellman NNP 31221 12 83 and and CC 31221 12 84 Cole Cole NNP 31221 12 85 , , , 31221 12 86 1965 1965 CD 31221 12 87 ; ; : 31221 12 88 Duellman Duellman NNP 31221 12 89 , , , 31221 12 90 1967 1967 CD 31221 12 91 ) ) -RRB- 31221 12 92 . . . 31221 13 1 Cei Cei NNP 31221 13 2 ( ( -LRB- 31221 13 3 1963 1963 CD 31221 13 4 ) ) -RRB- 31221 13 5 and and CC 31221 13 6 Cei Cei NNP 31221 13 7 and and CC 31221 13 8 Erspamer Erspamer NNP 31221 13 9 ( ( -LRB- 31221 13 10 1966 1966 CD 31221 13 11 ) ) -RRB- 31221 13 12 noted note VBD 31221 13 13 that that IN 31221 13 14 phyllomedusine phyllomedusine NN 31221 13 15 frogs frog NNS 31221 13 16 differ differ VBP 31221 13 17 notably notably RB 31221 13 18 from from IN 31221 13 19 other other JJ 31221 13 20 Neotropical neotropical JJ 31221 13 21 hylids hylid NNS 31221 13 22 on on IN 31221 13 23 the the DT 31221 13 24 basis basis NN 31221 13 25 of of IN 31221 13 26 the the DT 31221 13 27 amines amine NNS 31221 13 28 and and CC 31221 13 29 polypeptides polypeptide NNS 31221 13 30 in in IN 31221 13 31 the the DT 31221 13 32 skin skin NN 31221 13 33 . . . 31221 14 1 All all DT 31221 14 2 species specie NNS 31221 14 3 of of IN 31221 14 4 phyllomedusines phyllomedusine NNS 31221 14 5 deposit deposit VBP 31221 14 6 their -PRON- PRP$ 31221 14 7 eggs egg NNS 31221 14 8 in in IN 31221 14 9 a a DT 31221 14 10 gelatinous gelatinous JJ 31221 14 11 mass mass NN 31221 14 12 on on IN 31221 14 13 leaves leave NNS 31221 14 14 or or CC 31221 14 15 branches branch NNS 31221 14 16 above above IN 31221 14 17 water water NN 31221 14 18 . . . 31221 15 1 Although although IN 31221 15 2 this this DT 31221 15 3 type type NN 31221 15 4 of of IN 31221 15 5 egg egg NN 31221 15 6 deposition deposition NN 31221 15 7 is be VBZ 31221 15 8 characteristic characteristic JJ 31221 15 9 of of IN 31221 15 10 some some DT 31221 15 11 rhacophorines rhacophorine NNS 31221 15 12 and and CC 31221 15 13 apparently apparently RB 31221 15 14 all all DT 31221 15 15 centrolenids centrolenid NNS 31221 15 16 , , , 31221 15 17 it -PRON- PRP 31221 15 18 is be VBZ 31221 15 19 known know VBN 31221 15 20 among among IN 31221 15 21 hylids hylid NNS 31221 15 22 only only RB 31221 15 23 in in IN 31221 15 24 the the DT 31221 15 25 phyllomedusines phyllomedusine NNS 31221 15 26 and and CC 31221 15 27 in in IN 31221 15 28 two two CD 31221 15 29 species specie NNS 31221 15 30 of of IN 31221 15 31 _ _ NNP 31221 15 32 Hyla Hyla NNP 31221 15 33 _ _ NNP 31221 15 34 . . . 31221 16 1 The the DT 31221 16 2 distinctive distinctive JJ 31221 16 3 combination combination NN 31221 16 4 of of IN 31221 16 5 morphological morphological JJ 31221 16 6 , , , 31221 16 7 physiological physiological JJ 31221 16 8 , , , 31221 16 9 chromosomal chromosomal JJ 31221 16 10 , , , 31221 16 11 and and CC 31221 16 12 behavioral behavioral JJ 31221 16 13 characteristics characteristic NNS 31221 16 14 is be VBZ 31221 16 15 strongly strongly RB 31221 16 16 suggestive suggestive JJ 31221 16 17 that that IN 31221 16 18 these these DT 31221 16 19 frogs frog NNS 31221 16 20 represent represent VBP 31221 16 21 an an DT 31221 16 22 early early JJ 31221 16 23 phyletic phyletic JJ 31221 16 24 divergence divergence NN 31221 16 25 within within IN 31221 16 26 the the DT 31221 16 27 Hylidae Hylidae NNP 31221 16 28 . . . 31221 17 1 Günther Günther NNP 31221 17 2 ( ( -LRB- 31221 17 3 1859 1859 CD 31221 17 4 ) ) -RRB- 31221 17 5 proposed propose VBD 31221 17 6 the the DT 31221 17 7 familial familial JJ 31221 17 8 name name NN 31221 17 9 Phyllomedusidae Phyllomedusidae NNP 31221 17 10 for for IN 31221 17 11 _ _ NNP 31221 17 12 Phyllomedusa Phyllomedusa NNP 31221 17 13 bicolor bicolor NN 31221 17 14 _ _ NNP 31221 17 15 ( ( -LRB- 31221 17 16 Boddaert Boddaert NNP 31221 17 17 ) ) -RRB- 31221 17 18 . . . 31221 18 1 I -PRON- PRP 31221 18 2 suggest suggest VBP 31221 18 3 the the DT 31221 18 4 recognition recognition NN 31221 18 5 of of IN 31221 18 6 the the DT 31221 18 7 group group NN 31221 18 8 as as IN 31221 18 9 a a DT 31221 18 10 subfamily subfamily NN 31221 18 11 . . . 31221 19 1 The the DT 31221 19 2 following follow VBG 31221 19 3 classification classification NN 31221 19 4 of of IN 31221 19 5 the the DT 31221 19 6 phyllomedusines phyllomedusine NNS 31221 19 7 is be VBZ 31221 19 8 based base VBN 31221 19 9 on on IN 31221 19 10 my -PRON- PRP$ 31221 19 11 own own JJ 31221 19 12 knowledge knowledge NN 31221 19 13 of of IN 31221 19 14 the the DT 31221 19 15 Middle Middle NNP 31221 19 16 American American NNP 31221 19 17 and and CC 31221 19 18 some some DT 31221 19 19 South south JJ 31221 19 20 American american JJ 31221 19 21 species specie NNS 31221 19 22 and and CC 31221 19 23 on on IN 31221 19 24 evidence evidence NN 31221 19 25 from from IN 31221 19 26 the the DT 31221 19 27 literature literature NN 31221 19 28 on on IN 31221 19 29 those those DT 31221 19 30 South south JJ 31221 19 31 American american JJ 31221 19 32 species specie NNS 31221 19 33 with with IN 31221 19 34 which which WDT 31221 19 35 I -PRON- PRP 31221 19 36 am be VBP 31221 19 37 not not RB 31221 19 38 personally personally RB 31221 19 39 familiar familiar JJ 31221 19 40 . . . 31221 20 1 Subfamily Subfamily NNP 31221 20 2 Phyllomedusinae Phyllomedusinae NNP 31221 20 3 Günther Günther NNP 31221 20 4 , , , 31221 20 5 1859 1859 CD 31221 20 6 Phyllomedusidae Phyllomedusidae NNP 31221 20 7 Günther Günther NNP 31221 20 8 1859 1859 CD 31221 20 9 [ [ -LRB- 31221 20 10 Type type NN 31221 20 11 genus genus NN 31221 20 12 , , , 31221 20 13 _ _ NNP 31221 20 14 Phyllomedusa Phyllomedusa NNP 31221 20 15 _ _ NNP 31221 20 16 Wagler Wagler NNP 31221 20 17 , , , 31221 20 18 1830 1830 CD 31221 20 19 ] ] -RRB- 31221 20 20 . . . 31221 21 1 _ _ NNP 31221 21 2 Definition._--Moderately definition._--moderately RB 31221 21 3 small small JJ 31221 21 4 to to IN 31221 21 5 large large JJ 31221 21 6 hylids hylid NNS 31221 21 7 having have VBG 31221 21 8 vertical vertical JJ 31221 21 9 pupils pupil NNS 31221 21 10 , , , 31221 21 11 _ _ NNP 31221 21 12 n_=13 n_=13 NNP 31221 21 13 ( ( -LRB- 31221 21 14 2_n_=26 2_n_=26 CD 31221 21 15 ) ) -RRB- 31221 21 16 chromosomes chromosome NNS 31221 21 17 , , , 31221 21 18 skin skin NN 31221 21 19 containing contain VBG 31221 21 20 large large JJ 31221 21 21 amounts amount NNS 31221 21 22 of of IN 31221 21 23 powerful powerful JJ 31221 21 24 bradykinin bradykinin NNP 31221 21 25 - - HYPH 31221 21 26 like like JJ 31221 21 27 and and CC 31221 21 28 physalaemin physalaemin NNP 31221 21 29 - - HYPH 31221 21 30 like like JJ 31221 21 31 polypeptides polypeptide NNS 31221 21 32 , , , 31221 21 33 eggs egg NNS 31221 21 34 suspended suspend VBN 31221 21 35 from from IN 31221 21 36 vegetation vegetation NN 31221 21 37 above above IN 31221 21 38 water water NN 31221 21 39 , , , 31221 21 40 and and CC 31221 21 41 tadpoles tadpole NNS 31221 21 42 have have VBP 31221 21 43 a a DT 31221 21 44 ventral ventral JJ 31221 21 45 spiracle spiracle NNP 31221 21 46 sinistral sinistral JJ 31221 21 47 to to IN 31221 21 48 midline midline NN 31221 21 49 . . . 31221 22 1 _ _ NNP 31221 22 2 Range._--Low Range._--Low NNP 31221 22 3 and and CC 31221 22 4 moderate moderate JJ 31221 22 5 elevations elevation NNS 31221 22 6 in in IN 31221 22 7 South South NNP 31221 22 8 and and CC 31221 22 9 Middle Middle NNP 31221 22 10 America America NNP 31221 22 11 , , , 31221 22 12 including include VBG 31221 22 13 Trinidad Trinidad NNP 31221 22 14 , , , 31221 22 15 from from IN 31221 22 16 northern northern JJ 31221 22 17 Argentina Argentina NNP 31221 22 18 and and CC 31221 22 19 northwestern northwestern JJ 31221 22 20 Ecuador Ecuador NNP 31221 22 21 to to IN 31221 22 22 Veracruz Veracruz NNP 31221 22 23 and and CC 31221 22 24 southern southern JJ 31221 22 25 Sonora Sonora NNP 31221 22 26 , , , 31221 22 27 México México NNP 31221 22 28 . . . 31221 23 1 _ _ NNP 31221 23 2 Content._--Three content._--three CD 31221 23 3 genera genera NN 31221 23 4 , , , 31221 23 5 one one CD 31221 23 6 of of IN 31221 23 7 which which WDT 31221 23 8 probably probably RB 31221 23 9 is be VBZ 31221 23 10 composite composite JJ 31221 23 11 . . . 31221 24 1 Genus Genus NNP 31221 24 2 = = SYM 31221 24 3 Agalychnis= Agalychnis= . 31221 24 4 Cope Cope NNP 31221 24 5 , , , 31221 24 6 1864 1864 CD 31221 24 7 . . . 31221 25 1 _ _ NNP 31221 25 2 Agalychnis Agalychnis NNP 31221 25 3 _ _ NNP 31221 25 4 Cope Cope NNP 31221 25 5 , , , 31221 25 6 1864 1864 CD 31221 25 7 [ [ -LRB- 31221 25 8 Type type NN 31221 25 9 species specie NNS 31221 25 10 , , , 31221 25 11 _ _ NNP 31221 25 12 Hyla Hyla NNP 31221 25 13 moreletii moreletii NN 31221 25 14 _ _ NNP 31221 25 15 Duméril Duméril NNP 31221 25 16 , , , 31221 25 17 1853 1853 CD 31221 25 18 , , , 31221 25 19 by by IN 31221 25 20 subsequent subsequent JJ 31221 25 21 designation designation NN 31221 25 22 ] ] -RRB- 31221 25 23 . . . 31221 26 1 _ _ NNP 31221 26 2 Definition._--Fingers Definition._--Fingers NNPS 31221 26 3 and and CC 31221 26 4 toes toe NNS 31221 26 5 at at IN 31221 26 6 least least RBS 31221 26 7 half half NN 31221 26 8 webbed web VBN 31221 26 9 ; ; : 31221 26 10 terminal terminal JJ 31221 26 11 discs disc NNS 31221 26 12 large large JJ 31221 26 13 ; ; : 31221 26 14 first first RB 31221 26 15 toe toe NN 31221 26 16 shorter short JJR 31221 26 17 than than IN 31221 26 18 second second JJ 31221 26 19 and and CC 31221 26 20 not not RB 31221 26 21 opposable opposable JJ 31221 26 22 to to IN 31221 26 23 others other NNS 31221 26 24 ; ; : 31221 26 25 skin skin NN 31221 26 26 smooth smooth JJ 31221 26 27 , , , 31221 26 28 lacking lacking JJ 31221 26 29 osteoderms osteoderm NNS 31221 26 30 ; ; : 31221 26 31 parotoid parotoid NN 31221 26 32 glands gland NNS 31221 26 33 , , , 31221 26 34 if if IN 31221 26 35 present present JJ 31221 26 36 , , , 31221 26 37 poorly poorly RB 31221 26 38 developed develop VBN 31221 26 39 and and CC 31221 26 40 diffuse diffuse NN 31221 26 41 ; ; , 31221 26 42 palpebral palpebral JJ 31221 26 43 membrane membrane NN 31221 26 44 reticulate reticulate NN 31221 26 45 ( ( -LRB- 31221 26 46 except except IN 31221 26 47 in in IN 31221 26 48 _ _ NNP 31221 26 49 A. a. NN 31221 27 1 calcarifer calcarifer NNP 31221 27 2 _ _ NNP 31221 27 3 ) ) -RRB- 31221 27 4 ; ; : 31221 27 5 iris iris NNP 31221 27 6 red red NNP 31221 27 7 or or CC 31221 27 8 yellow yellow JJ 31221 27 9 ; ; : 31221 27 10 skull skull NN 31221 27 11 shallow shallow NN 31221 27 12 , , , 31221 27 13 depth depth VBP 31221 27 14 less less JJR 31221 27 15 than than IN 31221 27 16 40 40 CD 31221 27 17 per per NN 31221 27 18 cent cent NN 31221 27 19 of of IN 31221 27 20 length length NN 31221 27 21 ; ; : 31221 27 22 nasals nasal NNS 31221 27 23 large large JJ 31221 27 24 ; ; : 31221 27 25 frontoparietal frontoparietal JJ 31221 27 26 fontanelle fontanelle NN 31221 27 27 large large JJ 31221 27 28 ; ; : 31221 27 29 quadratojugals quadratojugal NNS 31221 27 30 reduced reduce VBN 31221 27 31 ; ; : 31221 27 32 prevomerine prevomerine NN 31221 27 33 teeth tooth NNS 31221 27 34 present present JJ 31221 27 35 . . . 31221 28 1 _ _ NNP 31221 28 2 Range._--Central Range._--Central NNP 31221 28 3 Veracruz Veracruz NNP 31221 28 4 and and CC 31221 28 5 northern northern JJ 31221 28 6 Oaxaca Oaxaca NNP 31221 28 7 , , , 31221 28 8 México México NNP 31221 28 9 , , , 31221 28 10 southeastward southeastward JJ 31221 28 11 through through IN 31221 28 12 Central Central NNP 31221 28 13 America America NNP 31221 28 14 to to IN 31221 28 15 northwestern northwestern JJ 31221 28 16 Ecuador Ecuador NNP 31221 28 17 ; ; : 31221 28 18 one one CD 31221 28 19 species species NN 31221 28 20 disjunct disjunct JJ 31221 28 21 in in IN 31221 28 22 Amazonian Amazonian NNP 31221 28 23 Ecuador Ecuador NNP 31221 28 24 . . . 31221 29 1 _ _ NNP 31221 29 2 Content._--Eight content._--eight CD 31221 29 3 species specie NNS 31221 29 4 [ [ -LRB- 31221 29 5 synonyms synonyms VBP 31221 29 6 in in IN 31221 29 7 brackets bracket NNS 31221 29 8 ] ] -RRB- 31221 29 9 : : : 31221 29 10 _ _ NNP 31221 29 11 annae annae NNP 31221 29 12 _ _ NNP 31221 29 13 ( ( -LRB- 31221 29 14 Duellman Duellman NNP 31221 29 15 , , , 31221 29 16 1963 1963 CD 31221 29 17 ) ) -RRB- 31221 29 18 ; ; : 31221 29 19 _ _ NNP 31221 29 20 calcarifer calcarifer NN 31221 29 21 _ _ NNP 31221 29 22 Boulenger Boulenger NNP 31221 29 23 , , , 31221 29 24 1902 1902 CD 31221 29 25 ; ; : 31221 29 26 _ _ NNP 31221 29 27 callidryas callidryas NN 31221 29 28 _ _ NNP 31221 29 29 ( ( -LRB- 31221 29 30 Cope Cope NNP 31221 29 31 , , , 31221 29 32 1862 1862 CD 31221 29 33 ) ) -RRB- 31221 29 34 [ [ -LRB- 31221 29 35 _ _ NNP 31221 29 36 helenae helenae NNP 31221 29 37 _ _ NNP 31221 29 38 Cope Cope NNP 31221 29 39 , , , 31221 29 40 1885 1885 CD 31221 29 41 ; ; : 31221 29 42 _ _ NNP 31221 29 43 callidryas callidryas RB 31221 29 44 taylori taylori NN 31221 29 45 _ _ NNP 31221 29 46 ( ( -LRB- 31221 29 47 Funkhouser Funkhouser NNP 31221 29 48 , , , 31221 29 49 1957 1957 CD 31221 29 50 ) ) -RRB- 31221 29 51 ] ] -RRB- 31221 29 52 ; ; : 31221 29 53 _ _ NNP 31221 29 54 craspedopus craspedopus NNP 31221 29 55 _ _ NNP 31221 29 56 ( ( -LRB- 31221 29 57 Funkhouser Funkhouser NNP 31221 29 58 , , , 31221 29 59 1957 1957 CD 31221 29 60 ) ) -RRB- 31221 29 61 ; ; : 31221 29 62 _ _ NNP 31221 29 63 litodryas litodryas NNP 31221 29 64 _ _ NNP 31221 29 65 ( ( -LRB- 31221 29 66 Duellman Duellman NNP 31221 29 67 and and CC 31221 29 68 Trueb Trueb NNP 31221 29 69 , , , 31221 29 70 1967 1967 CD 31221 29 71 ) ) -RRB- 31221 29 72 ; ; : 31221 29 73 _ _ NNP 31221 29 74 moreleti moreleti NNP 31221 29 75 _ _ NNP 31221 29 76 ( ( -LRB- 31221 29 77 Duméril Duméril NNP 31221 29 78 , , , 31221 29 79 1853 1853 CD 31221 29 80 ) ) -RRB- 31221 29 81 [ [ -LRB- 31221 29 82 _ _ NNP 31221 29 83 holochroa holochroa NNP 31221 29 84 _ _ NNP 31221 29 85 ( ( -LRB- 31221 29 86 Salvin Salvin NNP 31221 29 87 , , , 31221 29 88 1861 1861 CD 31221 29 89 ) ) -RRB- 31221 29 90 ] ] -RRB- 31221 29 91 ; ; : 31221 29 92 _ _ NNP 31221 29 93 saltator saltator NN 31221 29 94 _ _ NNP 31221 29 95 Taylor Taylor NNP 31221 29 96 , , , 31221 29 97 1955 1955 CD 31221 29 98 ; ; : 31221 29 99 _ _ NNP 31221 29 100 spurrelli spurrelli NN 31221 29 101 _ _ NNP 31221 29 102 Boulenger Boulenger NNP 31221 29 103 , , , 31221 29 104 1913 1913 CD 31221 29 105 . . . 31221 30 1 _ _ NNP 31221 30 2 Remarks._--Savage Remarks._--Savage NNP 31221 30 3 and and CC 31221 30 4 Heyer Heyer NNP 31221 30 5 ( ( -LRB- 31221 30 6 1967 1967 CD 31221 30 7 ) ) -RRB- 31221 30 8 provided provide VBD 31221 30 9 evidence evidence NN 31221 30 10 that that IN 31221 30 11 _ _ NNP 31221 30 12 A. A. NNP 31221 31 1 callidryas callidryas NNP 31221 31 2 taylori taylori NNP 31221 31 3 _ _ NNP 31221 31 4 ( ( -LRB- 31221 31 5 Funkhouser Funkhouser NNP 31221 31 6 ) ) -RRB- 31221 31 7 and and CC 31221 31 8 _ _ NNP 31221 31 9 A. a. NN 31221 32 1 helenae helenae NNP 31221 32 2 _ _ NNP 31221 32 3 Cope Cope NNP 31221 32 4 were be VBD 31221 32 5 junior junior JJ 31221 32 6 synonyms synonyms NN 31221 32 7 of of IN 31221 32 8 _ _ NNP 31221 32 9 A. A. NNP 31221 33 1 callidryas callidryas NNP 31221 33 2 _ _ NNP 31221 33 3 ( ( -LRB- 31221 33 4 Cope Cope NNP 31221 33 5 ) ) -RRB- 31221 33 6 . . . 31221 34 1 Genus Genus NNP 31221 34 2 = = SYM 31221 34 3 Pachymedusa= Pachymedusa= NNS 31221 34 4 , , , 31221 34 5 new new JJ 31221 34 6 genus genus JJ 31221 34 7 Type Type NNP 31221 34 8 species specie NNS 31221 34 9 , , , 31221 34 10 _ _ NNP 31221 34 11 Agalychnis Agalychnis NNP 31221 34 12 dacnicolor dacnicolor NN 31221 34 13 _ _ NNP 31221 34 14 Cope Cope NNP 31221 34 15 , , , 31221 34 16 1864 1864 CD 31221 34 17 . . . 31221 35 1 _ _ NNP 31221 35 2 Definition._--Fingers Definition._--Fingers NNPS 31221 35 3 and and CC 31221 35 4 toes toe NNS 31221 35 5 having have VBG 31221 35 6 basal basal NNP 31221 35 7 webs webs NN 31221 35 8 and and CC 31221 35 9 lateral lateral JJ 31221 35 10 fringes fringe NNS 31221 35 11 ; ; : 31221 35 12 terminal terminal NN 31221 35 13 discs disc NNS 31221 35 14 large large JJ 31221 35 15 ; ; : 31221 35 16 first first RB 31221 35 17 toe toe NN 31221 35 18 shorter short JJR 31221 35 19 than than IN 31221 35 20 second second JJ 31221 35 21 and and CC 31221 35 22 not not RB 31221 35 23 opposable opposable JJ 31221 35 24 to to IN 31221 35 25 others other NNS 31221 35 26 ; ; : 31221 35 27 skin skin NN 31221 35 28 smooth smooth JJ 31221 35 29 or or CC 31221 35 30 shagreened shagreened JJ 31221 35 31 , , , 31221 35 32 lacking lack VBG 31221 35 33 osteoderms osteoderm NNS 31221 35 34 ; ; : 31221 35 35 paratoid paratoid JJ 31221 35 36 glands gland VBZ 31221 35 37 present present JJ 31221 35 38 , , , 31221 35 39 diffuse diffuse NN 31221 35 40 ; ; , 31221 35 41 palpebral palpebral JJ 31221 35 42 membrane membrane NN 31221 35 43 reticulate reticulate NN 31221 35 44 ; ; : 31221 35 45 iris iris NNP 31221 35 46 golden golden NNP 31221 35 47 yellow yellow NNP 31221 35 48 with with IN 31221 35 49 black black JJ 31221 35 50 reticulations reticulation NNS 31221 35 51 ; ; : 31221 35 52 skull skull VBG 31221 35 53 deep deep RB 31221 35 54 , , , 31221 35 55 depth depth VB 31221 35 56 more more JJR 31221 35 57 than than IN 31221 35 58 50 50 CD 31221 35 59 per per IN 31221 35 60 cent cent NN 31221 35 61 of of IN 31221 35 62 length length NN 31221 35 63 ; ; : 31221 35 64 nasals nasal NNS 31221 35 65 large large JJ 31221 35 66 ; ; : 31221 35 67 frontoparietal frontoparietal JJ 31221 35 68 fontanelle fontanelle NN 31221 35 69 moderately moderately RB 31221 35 70 large large JJ 31221 35 71 ; ; : 31221 35 72 quadratojugal quadratojugal NNP 31221 35 73 robust robust JJ 31221 35 74 ; ; : 31221 35 75 prevomerine prevomerine JJ 31221 35 76 teeth tooth NNS 31221 35 77 present present JJ 31221 35 78 . . . 31221 36 1 _ _ NNP 31221 36 2 Range._--Pacific range._--pacific JJ 31221 36 3 slopes slope NNS 31221 36 4 and and CC 31221 36 5 lowlands lowland NNS 31221 36 6 from from IN 31221 36 7 southern southern JJ 31221 36 8 Sonora Sonora NNP 31221 36 9 to to IN 31221 36 10 the the DT 31221 36 11 Isthmus Isthmus NNP 31221 36 12 of of IN 31221 36 13 Tehuantepec Tehuantepec NNP 31221 36 14 , , , 31221 36 15 México México NNP 31221 36 16 . . . 31221 37 1 _ _ NNP 31221 37 2 Content._--Monotypic Content._--Monotypic NNP 31221 37 3 : : : 31221 37 4 _ _ NNP 31221 37 5 dacnicolor dacnicolor NN 31221 37 6 _ _ NNP 31221 37 7 Cope Cope NNP 31221 37 8 , , , 31221 37 9 1864 1864 CD 31221 37 10 [ [ -LRB- 31221 37 11 _ _ NNP 31221 37 12 alcorni alcorni NN 31221 37 13 _ _ NNP 31221 37 14 Taylor Taylor NNP 31221 37 15 , , , 31221 37 16 1952 1952 CD 31221 37 17 ] ] -RRB- 31221 37 18 . . . 31221 38 1 _ _ NNP 31221 38 2 Remarks._--The remarks._--the DT 31221 38 3 generic generic JJ 31221 38 4 name name NN 31221 38 5 is be VBZ 31221 38 6 derived derive VBN 31221 38 7 from from IN 31221 38 8 the the DT 31221 38 9 Greek Greek NNP 31221 38 10 _ _ NNP 31221 38 11 pachy pachy NN 31221 38 12 _ _ NNP 31221 38 13 meaning mean VBG 31221 38 14 thick thick JJ 31221 38 15 and and CC 31221 38 16 the the DT 31221 38 17 Greek Greek NNP 31221 38 18 _ _ NNP 31221 38 19 Medousa Medousa NNP 31221 38 20 _ _ NNP 31221 38 21 ( ( -LRB- 31221 38 22 Latin Latin NNP 31221 38 23 , , , 31221 38 24 _ _ NNP 31221 38 25 Medusa Medusa NNP 31221 38 26 _ _ NNP 31221 38 27 ) ) -RRB- 31221 38 28 in in IN 31221 38 29 reference reference NN 31221 38 30 to to IN 31221 38 31 _ _ NNP 31221 38 32 Phyllomedusa Phyllomedusa NNP 31221 38 33 _ _ NNP 31221 38 34 ; ; : 31221 38 35 the the DT 31221 38 36 sense sense NN 31221 38 37 implied imply VBN 31221 38 38 is be VBZ 31221 38 39 the the DT 31221 38 40 heavy heavy JJ 31221 38 41 body body NN 31221 38 42 of of IN 31221 38 43 _ _ NNP 31221 38 44 Pachymedusa Pachymedusa NNP 31221 38 45 dacnicolor dacnicolor NN 31221 38 46 _ _ NNP 31221 38 47 . . . 31221 39 1 Genus Genus NNP 31221 39 2 = = NFP 31221 39 3 Phyllomedusa= Phyllomedusa= : 31221 39 4 Wagler Wagler NNP 31221 39 5 , , , 31221 39 6 1830 1830 CD 31221 39 7 _ _ NNP 31221 39 8 Phyllomedusa Phyllomedusa NNP 31221 39 9 _ _ NNP 31221 39 10 Wagler Wagler NNP 31221 39 11 , , , 31221 39 12 1830 1830 CD 31221 39 13 [ [ -LRB- 31221 39 14 Type type NN 31221 39 15 species specie NNS 31221 39 16 , , , 31221 39 17 _ _ NNP 31221 39 18 Rana Rana NNP 31221 39 19 bicolor bicolor NN 31221 39 20 _ _ NNP 31221 39 21 Boddaert Boddaert NNP 31221 39 22 , , , 31221 39 23 1772 1772 CD 31221 39 24 ] ] -RRB- 31221 39 25 . . . 31221 40 1 _ _ NNP 31221 40 2 Pithecopus Pithecopus NNP 31221 40 3 _ _ NNP 31221 40 4 Cope Cope NNP 31221 40 5 , , , 31221 40 6 1866 1866 CD 31221 40 7 [ [ -LRB- 31221 40 8 Type type NN 31221 40 9 species specie NNS 31221 40 10 , , , 31221 40 11 _ _ NNP 31221 40 12 Phyllomedusa Phyllomedusa NNP 31221 40 13 azurea azurea NN 31221 40 14 _ _ NNP 31221 40 15 Cope Cope NNP 31221 40 16 , , , 31221 40 17 1862 1862 CD 31221 40 18 ( ( -LRB- 31221 40 19 = = SYM 31221 40 20 _ _ NNP 31221 40 21 Phyllomedusa Phyllomedusa NNP 31221 40 22 hypochondrialis hypochondriali NNS 31221 40 23 _ _ NNP 31221 40 24 Daudin Daudin NNP 31221 40 25 , , , 31221 40 26 1803 1803 CD 31221 40 27 ) ) -RRB- 31221 40 28 , , , 31221 40 29 by by IN 31221 40 30 original original JJ 31221 40 31 designation designation NN 31221 40 32 ] ] -RRB- 31221 40 33 . . . 31221 41 1 _ _ NNP 31221 41 2 Hylomantis Hylomantis NNP 31221 41 3 _ _ NNP 31221 41 4 Peters Peters NNP 31221 41 5 , , , 31221 41 6 1872 1872 CD 31221 41 7 [ [ -LRB- 31221 41 8 Type type NN 31221 41 9 species specie NNS 31221 41 10 _ _ NNP 31221 41 11 Hylomantis Hylomantis NNP 31221 41 12 aspera aspera NN 31221 41 13 _ _ NNP 31221 41 14 Peters Peters NNP 31221 41 15 , , , 31221 41 16 1872 1872 CD 31221 41 17 , , , 31221 41 18 by by IN 31221 41 19 monotypy monotypy NNP 31221 41 20 ] ] -RRB- 31221 41 21 . . . 31221 42 1 _ _ NNP 31221 42 2 Phrynomedusa Phrynomedusa NNP 31221 42 3 _ _ NNP 31221 42 4 Miranda Miranda NNP 31221 42 5 - - HYPH 31221 42 6 Ribeiro Ribeiro NNP 31221 42 7 , , , 31221 42 8 1923 1923 CD 31221 42 9 [ [ -LRB- 31221 42 10 Type type NN 31221 42 11 species specie NNS 31221 42 12 , , , 31221 42 13 _ _ NNP 31221 42 14 Phrynomedusa Phrynomedusa NNP 31221 42 15 fimbriata fimbriata NN 31221 42 16 _ _ NNP 31221 42 17 Miranda Miranda NNP 31221 42 18 - - HYPH 31221 42 19 Ribeiro Ribeiro NNP 31221 42 20 , , , 31221 42 21 1923 1923 CD 31221 42 22 , , , 31221 42 23 by by IN 31221 42 24 subsequent subsequent JJ 31221 42 25 designation designation NN 31221 42 26 ] ] -RRB- 31221 42 27 . . . 31221 43 1 _ _ NNP 31221 43 2 Bradymedusa Bradymedusa NNP 31221 43 3 _ _ NNP 31221 43 4 Miranda Miranda NNP 31221 43 5 - - HYPH 31221 43 6 Ribeiro Ribeiro NNP 31221 43 7 , , , 31221 43 8 1926 1926 CD 31221 43 9 [ [ -LRB- 31221 43 10 Type type NN 31221 43 11 species specie NNS 31221 43 12 , , , 31221 43 13 _ _ NNP 31221 43 14 Bradymedusa Bradymedusa NNP 31221 43 15 moschada moschada NN 31221 43 16 _ _ NNP 31221 43 17 Miranda Miranda NNP 31221 43 18 - - HYPH 31221 43 19 Ribeiro Ribeiro NNP 31221 43 20 , , , 31221 43 21 1926 1926 CD 31221 43 22 ( ( -LRB- 31221 43 23 = = SYM 31221 43 24 _ _ NNP 31221 43 25 Phyllomedusa Phyllomedusa NNP 31221 43 26 rohdei rohdei NNP 31221 43 27 _ _ NNP 31221 43 28 Mertens Mertens NNP 31221 43 29 , , , 31221 43 30 1926 1926 CD 31221 43 31 ) ) -RRB- 31221 43 32 by by IN 31221 43 33 subsequent subsequent JJ 31221 43 34 designation designation NN 31221 43 35 ] ] -RRB- 31221 43 36 . . . 31221 44 1 _ _ NNP 31221 44 2 Definition._--Fingers Definition._--Fingers NNPS 31221 44 3 and and CC 31221 44 4 toes toe NNS 31221 44 5 having have VBG 31221 44 6 greatly greatly RB 31221 44 7 reduced reduce VBN 31221 44 8 webbing webbing NN 31221 44 9 or or CC 31221 44 10 lacking lack VBG 31221 44 11 webs webs NN 31221 44 12 ; ; , 31221 44 13 terminal terminal NN 31221 44 14 discs disc NNS 31221 44 15 small small JJ 31221 44 16 ; ; : 31221 44 17 first first RB 31221 44 18 toe toe NN 31221 44 19 shorter short JJR 31221 44 20 than than IN 31221 44 21 , , , 31221 44 22 equal equal JJ 31221 44 23 to to IN 31221 44 24 , , , 31221 44 25 or or CC 31221 44 26 longer long JJR 31221 44 27 than than IN 31221 44 28 second second JJ 31221 44 29 , , , 31221 44 30 opposable opposable JJ 31221 44 31 or or CC 31221 44 32 not not RB 31221 44 33 ; ; : 31221 44 34 skin skin NN 31221 44 35 smooth smooth JJ 31221 44 36 or or CC 31221 44 37 rugose rugose VBP 31221 44 38 having have VBG 31221 44 39 osteoderms osteoderm NNS 31221 44 40 or or CC 31221 44 41 not not RB 31221 44 42 ; ; : 31221 44 43 parotoid parotoid NN 31221 44 44 glands gland VBZ 31221 44 45 present present JJ 31221 44 46 , , , 31221 44 47 in in IN 31221 44 48 most most JJS 31221 44 49 species specie NNS 31221 44 50 , , , 31221 44 51 usually usually RB 31221 44 52 distinct distinct JJ 31221 44 53 and and CC 31221 44 54 elevated elevated JJ 31221 44 55 ; ; : 31221 44 56 palpebral palpebral JJ 31221 44 57 membrane membrane NN 31221 44 58 not not RB 31221 44 59 reticulate reticulate VBP 31221 44 60 ; ; : 31221 44 61 iris iris NNP 31221 44 62 uniformly uniformly RB 31221 44 63 silvery silvery RB 31221 44 64 white white JJ 31221 44 65 to to IN 31221 44 66 orange orange JJ 31221 44 67 - - HYPH 31221 44 68 bronze bronze NN 31221 44 69 with with IN 31221 44 70 black black JJ 31221 44 71 reticulations reticulation NNS 31221 44 72 ; ; : 31221 44 73 skull skull NNP 31221 44 74 moderate moderate JJ 31221 44 75 to to IN 31221 44 76 deep deep JJ 31221 44 77 , , , 31221 44 78 depth depth VB 31221 44 79 more more JJR 31221 44 80 than than IN 31221 44 81 38 38 CD 31221 44 82 per per NN 31221 44 83 cent cent NN 31221 44 84 of of IN 31221 44 85 length length NN 31221 44 86 ; ; : 31221 44 87 nasals nasal NNS 31221 44 88 moderately moderately RB 31221 44 89 small small JJ 31221 44 90 ; ; : 31221 44 91 frontoparietal frontoparietal JJ 31221 44 92 fontanelle fontanelle NN 31221 44 93 present present NN 31221 44 94 , , , 31221 44 95 variable variable JJ 31221 44 96 in in IN 31221 44 97 size size NN 31221 44 98 ; ; : 31221 44 99 quadratojugal quadratojugal NNP 31221 44 100 reduced reduce VBN 31221 44 101 in in IN 31221 44 102 some some DT 31221 44 103 species specie NNS 31221 44 104 ; ; , 31221 44 105 prevomerine prevomerine JJ 31221 44 106 teeth tooth NNS 31221 44 107 present present JJ 31221 44 108 or or CC 31221 44 109 absent absent JJ 31221 44 110 . . . 31221 45 1 _ _ NNP 31221 45 2 Range._--Low Range._--Low NNP 31221 45 3 and and CC 31221 45 4 moderate moderate JJ 31221 45 5 elevations elevation NNS 31221 45 6 in in IN 31221 45 7 South South NNP 31221 45 8 America America NNP 31221 45 9 east east NN 31221 45 10 of of IN 31221 45 11 the the DT 31221 45 12 Andes Andes NNP 31221 45 13 from from IN 31221 45 14 the the DT 31221 45 15 Caribbean Caribbean NNP 31221 45 16 ( ( -LRB- 31221 45 17 including include VBG 31221 45 18 Trinidad Trinidad NNP 31221 45 19 ) ) -RRB- 31221 45 20 to to IN 31221 45 21 northern northern JJ 31221 45 22 Argentina Argentina NNP 31221 45 23 ; ; : 31221 45 24 Costa Costa NNP 31221 45 25 Rica Rica NNP 31221 45 26 and and CC 31221 45 27 Panamá Panamá NNP 31221 45 28 in in IN 31221 45 29 Central Central NNP 31221 45 30 America America NNP 31221 45 31 . . . 31221 46 1 _ _ NNP 31221 46 2 Content._--Thirty content._--thirty CD 31221 46 3 - - HYPH 31221 46 4 one one CD 31221 46 5 species species NN 31221 46 6 [ [ -LRB- 31221 46 7 synonyms synonyms NN 31221 46 8 in in IN 31221 46 9 brackets bracket NNS 31221 46 10 ] ] -RRB- 31221 46 11 : : : 31221 46 12 _ _ NNP 31221 46 13 aspera aspera NN 31221 46 14 _ _ NNP 31221 46 15 ( ( -LRB- 31221 46 16 Peters Peters NNP 31221 46 17 , , , 31221 46 18 1872 1872 CD 31221 46 19 ) ) -RRB- 31221 46 20 ; ; : 31221 46 21 _ _ NNP 31221 46 22 ayeaye ayeaye NN 31221 46 23 _ _ NNP 31221 46 24 ( ( -LRB- 31221 46 25 B. B. NNP 31221 46 26 Lutz Lutz NNP 31221 46 27 , , , 31221 46 28 1966 1966 CD 31221 46 29 ) ) -RRB- 31221 46 30 ; ; : 31221 46 31 _ _ NNP 31221 46 32 bahiana bahiana NNP 31221 46 33 _ _ NNP 31221 46 34 A. A. NNP 31221 46 35 Lutz Lutz NNP 31221 46 36 , , , 31221 46 37 1925 1925 CD 31221 46 38 ; ; : 31221 46 39 _ _ NNP 31221 46 40 bicolor bicolor NN 31221 46 41 _ _ NNP 31221 46 42 ( ( -LRB- 31221 46 43 Boddaert Boddaert NNP 31221 46 44 , , , 31221 46 45 1772 1772 CD 31221 46 46 ) ) -RRB- 31221 46 47 [ [ -LRB- 31221 46 48 _ _ NNP 31221 46 49 scleroderma scleroderma NNP 31221 46 50 _ _ NNP 31221 46 51 Cope Cope NNP 31221 46 52 , , , 31221 46 53 1868 1868 CD 31221 46 54 ] ] -RRB- 31221 46 55 ; ; : 31221 46 56 _ _ NNP 31221 46 57 blombergi blombergi NN 31221 46 58 _ _ NNP 31221 46 59 Funkhouser Funkhouser NNP 31221 46 60 , , , 31221 46 61 1957 1957 CD 31221 46 62 ; ; : 31221 46 63 _ _ NNP 31221 46 64 boliviana boliviana NNS 31221 46 65 _ _ NNP 31221 46 66 Boulenger Boulenger NNP 31221 46 67 , , , 31221 46 68 1902 1902 CD 31221 46 69 ; ; : 31221 46 70 _ _ NNP 31221 46 71 buckleyi buckleyi NN 31221 46 72 _ _ NNP 31221 46 73 Boulenger Boulenger NNP 31221 46 74 , , , 31221 46 75 1882 1882 CD 31221 46 76 ; ; : 31221 46 77 _ _ NNP 31221 46 78 burmeisteri burmeisteri NN 31221 46 79 burmeisteri burmeisteri NNP 31221 46 80 _ _ NNP 31221 46 81 Boulenger Boulenger NNP 31221 46 82 , , , 31221 46 83 1882 1882 CD 31221 46 84 ; ; : 31221 46 85 _ _ NNP 31221 46 86 burmeisteri burmeisteri NNP 31221 46 87 distincta distincta NN 31221 46 88 _ _ NNP 31221 46 89 B. B. NNP 31221 46 90 Lutz Lutz NNP 31221 46 91 , , , 31221 46 92 1950 1950 CD 31221 46 93 ; ; : 31221 46 94 _ _ NNP 31221 46 95 centralis centralis NN 31221 46 96 _ _ NNP 31221 46 97 Bokermann Bokermann NNP 31221 46 98 , , , 31221 46 99 1965 1965 CD 31221 46 100 ; ; : 31221 46 101 _ _ NNP 31221 46 102 cochranae cochranae NN 31221 46 103 _ _ NNP 31221 46 104 Bokermann Bokermann NNP 31221 46 105 , , , 31221 46 106 1966 1966 CD 31221 46 107 ; ; : 31221 46 108 _ _ NNP 31221 46 109 coelestis coelestis NN 31221 46 110 _ _ NNP 31221 46 111 ( ( -LRB- 31221 46 112 Cope Cope NNP 31221 46 113 , , , 31221 46 114 1874 1874 CD 31221 46 115 ) ) -RRB- 31221 46 116 ; ; : 31221 46 117 _ _ NNP 31221 46 118 edentula edentula NN 31221 46 119 _ _ NNP 31221 46 120 Andersson Andersson NNP 31221 46 121 , , , 31221 46 122 1945 1945 CD 31221 46 123 ; ; : 31221 46 124 _ _ NNP 31221 46 125 feltoni feltoni NNP 31221 46 126 _ _ NNP 31221 46 127 Shreve Shreve NNP 31221 46 128 , , , 31221 46 129 1935 1935 CD 31221 46 130 ; ; : 31221 46 131 _ _ NNP 31221 46 132 fimbriata fimbriata NN 31221 46 133 _ _ NNP 31221 46 134 ( ( -LRB- 31221 46 135 Miranda Miranda NNP 31221 46 136 - - HYPH 31221 46 137 Ribeiro Ribeiro NNP 31221 46 138 , , , 31221 46 139 1923 1923 CD 31221 46 140 ) ) -RRB- 31221 46 141 [ [ -LRB- 31221 46 142 _ _ NNP 31221 46 143 appendiculata appendiculata NN 31221 46 144 _ _ NNP 31221 46 145 A. A. NNP 31221 46 146 Lutz Lutz NNP 31221 46 147 , , , 31221 46 148 1925 1925 CD 31221 46 149 ] ] -RRB- 31221 46 150 ; ; : 31221 46 151 _ _ NNP 31221 46 152 guttata guttata NN 31221 46 153 _ _ NNP 31221 46 154 A. A. NNP 31221 46 155 Lutz Lutz NNP 31221 46 156 , , , 31221 46 157 1925 1925 CD 31221 46 158 ; ; : 31221 46 159 _ _ NNP 31221 46 160 hypochondrialis hypochondrialis NNP 31221 46 161 _ _ NNP 31221 46 162 ( ( -LRB- 31221 46 163 Daudin Daudin NNP 31221 46 164 , , , 31221 46 165 1803 1803 CD 31221 46 166 ) ) -RRB- 31221 46 167 [ [ -LRB- 31221 46 168 _ _ NNP 31221 46 169 azurea azurea NNP 31221 46 170 _ _ NNP 31221 46 171 Cope Cope NNP 31221 46 172 , , , 31221 46 173 1862 1862 CD 31221 46 174 ; ; : 31221 46 175 _ _ NNP 31221 46 176 megacephala megacephala NNP 31221 46 177 _ _ NNP 31221 46 178 ( ( -LRB- 31221 46 179 Miranda Miranda NNP 31221 46 180 - - HYPH 31221 46 181 Ribeiro Ribeiro NNP 31221 46 182 , , , 31221 46 183 1926 1926 CD 31221 46 184 ) ) -RRB- 31221 46 185 ] ] -RRB- 31221 46 186 ; ; : 31221 46 187 _ _ NNP 31221 46 188 iheringi iheringi NN 31221 46 189 _ _ NNP 31221 46 190 Boulenger Boulenger NNP 31221 46 191 , , , 31221 46 192 1885 1885 CD 31221 46 193 ; ; : 31221 46 194 _ _ NNP 31221 46 195 lemur lemur NN 31221 46 196 _ _ NNP 31221 46 197 Boulenger Boulenger NNP 31221 46 198 , , , 31221 46 199 1882 1882 CD 31221 46 200 ; ; : 31221 46 201 _ _ NNP 31221 46 202 loris loris NN 31221 46 203 _ _ NNP 31221 46 204 Boulenger Boulenger NNP 31221 46 205 , , , 31221 46 206 1912 1912 CD 31221 46 207 ; ; : 31221 46 208 _ _ NNP 31221 46 209 medinae medinae NN 31221 46 210 _ _ NNP 31221 46 211 Funkhouser Funkhouser NNP 31221 46 212 , , , 31221 46 213 1962 1962 CD 31221 46 214 ; ; : 31221 46 215 _ _ NNP 31221 46 216 nicefori nicefori NN 31221 46 217 _ _ NNP 31221 46 218 Barbour Barbour NNP 31221 46 219 , , , 31221 46 220 1926 1926 CD 31221 46 221 ; ; : 31221 46 222 _ _ NNP 31221 46 223 orcesi orcesi NN 31221 46 224 _ _ NNP 31221 46 225 Funkhouser Funkhouser NNP 31221 46 226 , , , 31221 46 227 1957 1957 CD 31221 46 228 ; ; : 31221 46 229 _ _ NNP 31221 46 230 pailona pailona NN 31221 46 231 _ _ NNP 31221 46 232 Shreve Shreve NNP 31221 46 233 , , , 31221 46 234 1959 1959 CD 31221 46 235 ; ; : 31221 46 236 _ _ NNP 31221 46 237 perlata perlata NN 31221 46 238 _ _ NNP 31221 46 239 Boulenger Boulenger NNP 31221 46 240 , , , 31221 46 241 1882 1882 CD 31221 46 242 ; ; : 31221 46 243 _ _ NNP 31221 46 244 rohdei rohdei NNP 31221 46 245 _ _ NNP 31221 46 246 Mertens Mertens NNP 31221 46 247 , , , 31221 46 248 1926 1926 CD 31221 46 249 [ [ -LRB- 31221 46 250 _ _ NNP 31221 46 251 moschada moschada NNP 31221 46 252 _ _ NNP 31221 46 253 ( ( -LRB- 31221 46 254 Miranda Miranda NNP 31221 46 255 - - HYPH 31221 46 256 Ribeiro Ribeiro NNP 31221 46 257 , , , 31221 46 258 1926 1926 CD 31221 46 259 ) ) -RRB- 31221 46 260 ] ] -RRB- 31221 46 261 ; ; : 31221 46 262 _ _ NNP 31221 46 263 sauvagei sauvagei NN 31221 46 264 _ _ NNP 31221 46 265 Boulenger Boulenger NNP 31221 46 266 , , , 31221 46 267 1882 1882 CD 31221 46 268 [ [ -LRB- 31221 46 269 _ _ NNP 31221 46 270 rickettsii rickettsii VBZ 31221 46 271 _ _ NNP 31221 46 272 Günther Günther NNP 31221 46 273 , , , 31221 46 274 1897 1897 CD 31221 46 275 ] ] -RRB- 31221 46 276 ; ; : 31221 46 277 _ _ NNP 31221 46 278 tarsius tarsius NN 31221 46 279 _ _ NNP 31221 46 280 ( ( -LRB- 31221 46 281 Cope Cope NNP 31221 46 282 , , , 31221 46 283 1868 1868 CD 31221 46 284 ) ) -RRB- 31221 46 285 ; ; : 31221 46 286 _ _ NNP 31221 46 287 tomopterna tomopterna NNP 31221 46 288 _ _ NNP 31221 46 289 ( ( -LRB- 31221 46 290 Cope Cope NNP 31221 46 291 , , , 31221 46 292 1868 1868 CD 31221 46 293 ) ) -RRB- 31221 46 294 [ [ -LRB- 31221 46 295 _ _ NNP 31221 46 296 palliata palliata NN 31221 46 297 _ _ NNP 31221 46 298 Peters Peters NNP 31221 46 299 , , , 31221 46 300 1872 1872 CD 31221 46 301 ] ] -RRB- 31221 46 302 ; ; : 31221 46 303 _ _ NNP 31221 46 304 trinitatis trinitatis NN 31221 46 305 _ _ NNP 31221 46 306 Mertens Mertens NNP 31221 46 307 , , , 31221 46 308 1926 1926 CD 31221 46 309 , , , 31221 46 310 _ _ NNP 31221 46 311 vaillanti vaillanti NNP 31221 46 312 _ _ NNP 31221 46 313 Boulenger Boulenger NNP 31221 46 314 , , , 31221 46 315 1882 1882 CD 31221 46 316 , , , 31221 46 317 _ _ NNP 31221 46 318 venusta venusta NNP 31221 46 319 _ _ NNP 31221 46 320 Duellmann Duellmann NNP 31221 46 321 and and CC 31221 46 322 Trueb Trueb NNP 31221 46 323 , , , 31221 46 324 1967 1967 CD 31221 46 325 . . . 31221 47 1 _ _ NNP 31221 47 2 Remarks._--_Phyllomedusa Remarks._--_Phyllomedusa NNP 31221 47 3 _ _ NNP 31221 47 4 includes include VBZ 31221 47 5 1 1 LS 31221 47 6 ) ) -RRB- 31221 47 7 a a DT 31221 47 8 series series NN 31221 47 9 of of IN 31221 47 10 large large JJ 31221 47 11 species specie NNS 31221 47 12 ( ( -LRB- 31221 47 13 _ _ NNP 31221 47 14 bicolor bicolor NN 31221 47 15 - - HYPH 31221 47 16 burmeisteri burmeisteri NNP 31221 47 17 _ _ NNP 31221 47 18 ) ) -RRB- 31221 47 19 showing show VBG 31221 47 20 progressive progressive JJ 31221 47 21 specialization specialization NN 31221 47 22 of of IN 31221 47 23 the the DT 31221 47 24 feet foot NNS 31221 47 25 ; ; : 31221 47 26 2 2 LS 31221 47 27 ) ) -RRB- 31221 47 28 a a DT 31221 47 29 series series NN 31221 47 30 of of IN 31221 47 31 small small JJ 31221 47 32 species specie NNS 31221 47 33 having have VBG 31221 47 34 grasping grasp VBG 31221 47 35 feet foot NNS 31221 47 36 ( ( -LRB- 31221 47 37 _ _ NNP 31221 47 38 ayeaye ayeaye NN 31221 47 39 _ _ NNP 31221 47 40 , , , 31221 47 41 _ _ NNP 31221 47 42 centralis centralis NN 31221 47 43 _ _ NNP 31221 47 44 , , , 31221 47 45 _ _ NNP 31221 47 46 cochranae cochranae NN 31221 47 47 _ _ NNP 31221 47 48 , , , 31221 47 49 _ _ NNP 31221 47 50 guttata guttata NN 31221 47 51 _ _ NNP 31221 47 52 , , , 31221 47 53 _ _ NNP 31221 47 54 hypochondrialis hypochondrialis NNP 31221 47 55 _ _ NNP 31221 47 56 , , , 31221 47 57 and and CC 31221 47 58 _ _ NNP 31221 47 59 rohdei rohdei NNP 31221 47 60 _ _ NNP 31221 47 61 ) ) -RRB- 31221 47 62 ; ; : 31221 47 63 3 3 LS 31221 47 64 ) ) -RRB- 31221 47 65 a a DT 31221 47 66 series series NN 31221 47 67 of of IN 31221 47 68 small small JJ 31221 47 69 , , , 31221 47 70 relatively relatively RB 31221 47 71 unspecialized unspecialized JJ 31221 47 72 species specie NNS 31221 47 73 ( ( -LRB- 31221 47 74 _ _ NNP 31221 47 75 lemur lemur NNP 31221 47 76 _ _ NNP 31221 47 77 , , , 31221 47 78 _ _ NNP 31221 47 79 loris loris NNP 31221 47 80 _ _ NNP 31221 47 81 , , , 31221 47 82 and and CC 31221 47 83 _ _ NNP 31221 47 84 medinae medinae NN 31221 47 85 _ _ NNP 31221 47 86 ) ) -RRB- 31221 47 87 ; ; : 31221 47 88 and and CC 31221 47 89 4 4 LS 31221 47 90 ) ) -RRB- 31221 47 91 several several JJ 31221 47 92 other other JJ 31221 47 93 species specie NNS 31221 47 94 of of IN 31221 47 95 questionable questionable JJ 31221 47 96 affinities affinity NNS 31221 47 97 . . . 31221 48 1 Lutz Lutz NNP 31221 48 2 ( ( -LRB- 31221 48 3 1966 1966 CD 31221 48 4 ) ) -RRB- 31221 48 5 resurrected resurrect VBD 31221 48 6 Cope Cope NNP 31221 48 7 's 's POS 31221 48 8 ( ( -LRB- 31221 48 9 1866 1866 CD 31221 48 10 ) ) -RRB- 31221 48 11 _ _ NNP 31221 48 12 Pithecopus Pithecopus NNP 31221 48 13 _ _ NNP 31221 48 14 for for IN 31221 48 15 12 12 CD 31221 48 16 species specie NNS 31221 48 17 ( ( -LRB- 31221 48 18 _ _ NNP 31221 48 19 ayeaye ayeaye NN 31221 48 20 _ _ NNP 31221 48 21 , , , 31221 48 22 _ _ NNP 31221 48 23 boliviana boliviana NNP 31221 48 24 _ _ NNP 31221 48 25 , , , 31221 48 26 _ _ NNP 31221 48 27 burmeisteri burmeisteri NNP 31221 48 28 _ _ NNP 31221 48 29 , , , 31221 48 30 _ _ NNP 31221 48 31 coelestis coelestis NN 31221 48 32 _ _ NNP 31221 48 33 , , , 31221 48 34 _ _ NNP 31221 48 35 hypochondrialis hypochondrialis NNP 31221 48 36 _ _ NNP 31221 48 37 , , , 31221 48 38 _ _ NNP 31221 48 39 nicefori nicefori NN 31221 48 40 _ _ NNP 31221 48 41 , , , 31221 48 42 _ _ NNP 31221 48 43 rohdei rohdei NNP 31221 48 44 _ _ NNP 31221 48 45 , , , 31221 48 46 _ _ NNP 31221 48 47 sauvagei sauvagei NN 31221 48 48 _ _ NNP 31221 48 49 , , , 31221 48 50 _ _ NNP 31221 48 51 tarsius tarsius NN 31221 48 52 _ _ NNP 31221 48 53 , , , 31221 48 54 _ _ NNP 31221 48 55 tomopterna tomopterna NNP 31221 48 56 _ _ NNP 31221 48 57 , , , 31221 48 58 _ _ NNP 31221 48 59 trinitatis trinitatis NN 31221 48 60 _ _ NNP 31221 48 61 , , , 31221 48 62 and and CC 31221 48 63 _ _ NNP 31221 48 64 vaillanti vaillanti NNP 31221 48 65 _ _ NNP 31221 48 66 ) ) -RRB- 31221 48 67 . . . 31221 49 1 Adequate adequate JJ 31221 49 2 material material NN 31221 49 3 is be VBZ 31221 49 4 not not RB 31221 49 5 available available JJ 31221 49 6 for for IN 31221 49 7 detailed detailed JJ 31221 49 8 study study NN 31221 49 9 of of IN 31221 49 10 all all DT 31221 49 11 South south JJ 31221 49 12 American american JJ 31221 49 13 species specie NNS 31221 49 14 ; ; , 31221 49 15 consequently consequently RB 31221 49 16 , , , 31221 49 17 a a DT 31221 49 18 firm firm JJ 31221 49 19 classification classification NN 31221 49 20 can can MD 31221 49 21 not not RB 31221 49 22 be be VB 31221 49 23 established establish VBN 31221 49 24 at at IN 31221 49 25 this this DT 31221 49 26 time time NN 31221 49 27 . . . 31221 50 1 Nevertheless nevertheless RB 31221 50 2 , , , 31221 50 3 it -PRON- PRP 31221 50 4 is be VBZ 31221 50 5 obvious obvious JJ 31221 50 6 that that IN 31221 50 7 Lutz Lutz NNP 31221 50 8 's 's POS 31221 50 9 arrangement arrangement NN 31221 50 10 is be VBZ 31221 50 11 unnatural unnatural JJ 31221 50 12 . . . 31221 51 1 If if IN 31221 51 2 subsequent subsequent JJ 31221 51 3 investigations investigation NNS 31221 51 4 show show VBP 31221 51 5 , , , 31221 51 6 as as IN 31221 51 7 seems seem VBZ 31221 51 8 likely likely JJ 31221 51 9 , , , 31221 51 10 that that IN 31221 51 11 the the DT 31221 51 12 small small JJ 31221 51 13 specialized specialized JJ 31221 51 14 phyllomedusines phyllomedusine NNS 31221 51 15 are be VBP 31221 51 16 a a DT 31221 51 17 natural natural JJ 31221 51 18 phyletic phyletic JJ 31221 51 19 unit unit NN 31221 51 20 , , , 31221 51 21 the the DT 31221 51 22 generic generic JJ 31221 51 23 name name NN 31221 51 24 _ _ NNP 31221 51 25 Pithecopus Pithecopus NNP 31221 51 26 _ _ NNP 31221 51 27 is be VBZ 31221 51 28 available available JJ 31221 51 29 . . . 31221 52 1 However however RB 31221 52 2 , , , 31221 52 3 species specie NNS 31221 52 4 such such JJ 31221 52 5 as as IN 31221 52 6 _ _ NNP 31221 52 7 boliviana boliviana NNP 31221 52 8 _ _ NNP 31221 52 9 , , , 31221 52 10 _ _ NNP 31221 52 11 burmeisteri burmeisteri NNP 31221 52 12 _ _ NNP 31221 52 13 , , , 31221 52 14 _ _ NNP 31221 52 15 nicefori nicefori NN 31221 52 16 _ _ NNP 31221 52 17 , , , 31221 52 18 and and CC 31221 52 19 _ _ NNP 31221 52 20 trinitatis trinitatis NN 31221 52 21 _ _ NNP 31221 52 22 do do VBP 31221 52 23 not not RB 31221 52 24 belong belong VB 31221 52 25 in in IN 31221 52 26 _ _ NNP 31221 52 27 Pithecopus Pithecopus NNP 31221 52 28 _ _ NNP 31221 52 29 . . . 31221 53 1 As as IN 31221 53 2 noted note VBN 31221 53 3 by by IN 31221 53 4 Funkhouser Funkhouser NNP 31221 53 5 ( ( -LRB- 31221 53 6 1962 1962 CD 31221 53 7 ) ) -RRB- 31221 53 8 , , , 31221 53 9 the the DT 31221 53 10 small small JJ 31221 53 11 , , , 31221 53 12 relatively relatively RB 31221 53 13 unspecialized unspecialized JJ 31221 53 14 species specie NNS 31221 53 15 ( ( -LRB- 31221 53 16 _ _ NNP 31221 53 17 lemur lemur NNP 31221 53 18 _ _ NNP 31221 53 19 , , , 31221 53 20 _ _ NNP 31221 53 21 loris loris NNP 31221 53 22 _ _ NNP 31221 53 23 , , , 31221 53 24 and and CC 31221 53 25 _ _ NNP 31221 53 26 medinae medinae NN 31221 53 27 _ _ NNP 31221 53 28 ) ) -RRB- 31221 53 29 form form VB 31221 53 30 a a DT 31221 53 31 natural natural JJ 31221 53 32 group group NN 31221 53 33 ; ; : 31221 53 34 possibly possibly RB 31221 53 35 this this DT 31221 53 36 group group NN 31221 53 37 should should MD 31221 53 38 be be VB 31221 53 39 accorded accord VBN 31221 53 40 generic generic JJ 31221 53 41 recognition recognition NN 31221 53 42 . . . 31221 54 1 Until until IN 31221 54 2 more more JJR 31221 54 3 evidence evidence NN 31221 54 4 on on IN 31221 54 5 the the DT 31221 54 6 interspecific interspecific JJ 31221 54 7 relationships relationship NNS 31221 54 8 is be VBZ 31221 54 9 acquired acquire VBN 31221 54 10 , , , 31221 54 11 the the DT 31221 54 12 maintenance maintenance NN 31221 54 13 of of IN 31221 54 14 the the DT 31221 54 15 current current JJ 31221 54 16 classification classification NN 31221 54 17 is be VBZ 31221 54 18 desirable desirable JJ 31221 54 19 . . . 31221 55 1 DISCUSSION DISCUSSION NNP 31221 55 2 Noble Noble NNP 31221 55 3 ( ( -LRB- 31221 55 4 1931 1931 CD 31221 55 5 ) ) -RRB- 31221 55 6 considered consider VBD 31221 55 7 the the DT 31221 55 8 species specie NNS 31221 55 9 of of IN 31221 55 10 _ _ NNP 31221 55 11 Phyllomedusa Phyllomedusa NNP 31221 55 12 _ _ NNP 31221 55 13 having have VBG 31221 55 14 opposable opposable JJ 31221 55 15 digits digit NNS 31221 55 16 , , , 31221 55 17 reduced reduced JJ 31221 55 18 terminal terminal NN 31221 55 19 discs disc NNS 31221 55 20 , , , 31221 55 21 and and CC 31221 55 22 no no DT 31221 55 23 webbing webbing NN 31221 55 24 to to TO 31221 55 25 be be VB 31221 55 26 advanced advance VBN 31221 55 27 and and CC 31221 55 28 such such JJ 31221 55 29 species specie NNS 31221 55 30 as as IN 31221 55 31 _ _ NNP 31221 55 32 Agalychnis Agalychnis NNP 31221 55 33 moreleti moreleti NN 31221 55 34 _ _ NNP 31221 55 35 , , , 31221 55 36 _ _ NNP 31221 55 37 calcarifer calcarifer NN 31221 55 38 _ _ NNP 31221 55 39 , , , 31221 55 40 and and CC 31221 55 41 _ _ NNP 31221 55 42 spurrelli spurrelli NN 31221 55 43 _ _ NNP 31221 55 44 to to TO 31221 55 45 be be VB 31221 55 46 primitive primitive JJ 31221 55 47 . . . 31221 56 1 Funkhouser Funkhouser NNP 31221 56 2 ( ( -LRB- 31221 56 3 1957 1957 CD 31221 56 4 ) ) -RRB- 31221 56 5 followed follow VBD 31221 56 6 Noble Noble NNP 31221 56 7 's 's POS 31221 56 8 suggestion suggestion NN 31221 56 9 and and CC 31221 56 10 attempted attempt VBD 31221 56 11 to to TO 31221 56 12 explain explain VB 31221 56 13 the the DT 31221 56 14 evolution evolution NN 31221 56 15 of of IN 31221 56 16 the the DT 31221 56 17 species specie NNS 31221 56 18 of of IN 31221 56 19 _ _ NNP 31221 56 20 Phyllomedusa Phyllomedusa NNP 31221 56 21 _ _ NNP 31221 56 22 ( ( -LRB- 31221 56 23 _ _ NNP 31221 56 24 sensu sensu NN 31221 56 25 lato lato NNP 31221 56 26 _ _ NNP 31221 56 27 ) ) -RRB- 31221 56 28 by by IN 31221 56 29 assuming assume VBG 31221 56 30 that that IN 31221 56 31 they -PRON- PRP 31221 56 32 evolved evolve VBD 31221 56 33 from from IN 31221 56 34 an an DT 31221 56 35 advanced advanced JJ 31221 56 36 _ _ NNP 31221 56 37 Hyla_-like hyla_-like CD 31221 56 38 ancestor ancestor NN 31221 56 39 . . . 31221 57 1 Therefore therefore RB 31221 57 2 , , , 31221 57 3 she -PRON- PRP 31221 57 4 placed place VBD 31221 57 5 those those DT 31221 57 6 species specie NNS 31221 57 7 having have VBG 31221 57 8 large large JJ 31221 57 9 , , , 31221 57 10 fully fully RB 31221 57 11 webbed web VBN 31221 57 12 hands hand NNS 31221 57 13 and and CC 31221 57 14 feet foot NNS 31221 57 15 near near IN 31221 57 16 the the DT 31221 57 17 base base NN 31221 57 18 of of IN 31221 57 19 her -PRON- PRP$ 31221 57 20 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ 31221 57 21 scheme scheme NN 31221 57 22 and and CC 31221 57 23 hypothesized hypothesize VBD 31221 57 24 that that IN 31221 57 25 evolutionary evolutionary JJ 31221 57 26 sequences sequence NNS 31221 57 27 involved involve VBD 31221 57 28 stages stage NNS 31221 57 29 of of IN 31221 57 30 reduction reduction NN 31221 57 31 and and CC 31221 57 32 eventual eventual JJ 31221 57 33 loss loss NN 31221 57 34 of of IN 31221 57 35 webbing webbing NN 31221 57 36 , , , 31221 57 37 followed follow VBN 31221 57 38 by by IN 31221 57 39 the the DT 31221 57 40 development development NN 31221 57 41 of of IN 31221 57 42 grasping grasp VBG 31221 57 43 toes toe NNS 31221 57 44 . . . 31221 58 1 Such such PDT 31221 58 2 an an DT 31221 58 3 evolutionary evolutionary JJ 31221 58 4 history history NN 31221 58 5 is be VBZ 31221 58 6 highly highly RB 31221 58 7 unlikely unlikely JJ 31221 58 8 . . . 31221 59 1 The the DT 31221 59 2 _ _ NNP 31221 59 3 Agalychnis Agalychnis NNP 31221 59 4 _ _ NNP 31221 59 5 phyletic phyletic JJ 31221 59 6 line line NN 31221 59 7 has have VBZ 31221 59 8 one one CD 31221 59 9 kind kind NN 31221 59 10 of of IN 31221 59 11 specialization specialization NN 31221 59 12 for for IN 31221 59 13 an an DT 31221 59 14 arboreal arboreal JJ 31221 59 15 existence existence NN 31221 59 16 . . . 31221 60 1 It -PRON- PRP 31221 60 2 is be VBZ 31221 60 3 contrary contrary JJ 31221 60 4 to to IN 31221 60 5 evolutionary evolutionary JJ 31221 60 6 theory theory NN 31221 60 7 that that IN 31221 60 8 a a DT 31221 60 9 specialized specialized JJ 31221 60 10 group group NN 31221 60 11 would would MD 31221 60 12 evolve evolve VB 31221 60 13 into into IN 31221 60 14 a a DT 31221 60 15 generalized generalize VBN 31221 60 16 form form NN 31221 60 17 and and CC 31221 60 18 then then RB 31221 60 19 evolve evolve VB 31221 60 20 new new JJ 31221 60 21 kinds kind NNS 31221 60 22 of of IN 31221 60 23 specializations specialization NNS 31221 60 24 to to TO 31221 60 25 meet meet VB 31221 60 26 the the DT 31221 60 27 needs need NNS 31221 60 28 imposed impose VBN 31221 60 29 by by IN 31221 60 30 the the DT 31221 60 31 same same JJ 31221 60 32 environmental environmental JJ 31221 60 33 conditions condition NNS 31221 60 34 affecting affect VBG 31221 60 35 the the DT 31221 60 36 earlier early JJR 31221 60 37 specialized specialized JJ 31221 60 38 group group NN 31221 60 39 . . . 31221 61 1 A a DT 31221 61 2 more more RBR 31221 61 3 reasonable reasonable JJ 31221 61 4 hypothesis hypothesis NN 31221 61 5 is be VBZ 31221 61 6 that that IN 31221 61 7 the the DT 31221 61 8 evolution evolution NN 31221 61 9 of of IN 31221 61 10 opposable opposable JJ 31221 61 11 digits digit NNS 31221 61 12 took take VBD 31221 61 13 place place NN 31221 61 14 in in IN 31221 61 15 a a DT 31221 61 16 phyletic phyletic JJ 31221 61 17 line line NN 31221 61 18 that that WDT 31221 61 19 had have VBD 31221 61 20 as as IN 31221 61 21 its -PRON- PRP$ 31221 61 22 ancestral ancestral JJ 31221 61 23 stock stock NN 31221 61 24 a a DT 31221 61 25 frog frog NN 31221 61 26 with with IN 31221 61 27 generalized generalized JJ 31221 61 28 hands hand NNS 31221 61 29 and and CC 31221 61 30 feet foot NNS 31221 61 31 . . . 31221 62 1 If if IN 31221 62 2 this this DT 31221 62 3 assumption assumption NN 31221 62 4 is be VBZ 31221 62 5 correct correct JJ 31221 62 6 , , , 31221 62 7 _ _ NNP 31221 62 8 Phyllomedusa Phyllomedusa NNP 31221 62 9 _ _ NNP 31221 62 10 and and CC 31221 62 11 _ _ NNP 31221 62 12 Agalychnis Agalychnis NNP 31221 62 13 _ _ NNP 31221 62 14 represent represent VBP 31221 62 15 different different JJ 31221 62 16 phyletic phyletic JJ 31221 62 17 lines line NNS 31221 62 18 ; ; : 31221 62 19 each each DT 31221 62 20 exhibits exhibit VBZ 31221 62 21 divergent divergent JJ 31221 62 22 modes mode NNS 31221 62 23 of of IN 31221 62 24 adaptation adaptation NN 31221 62 25 for for IN 31221 62 26 arboreal arboreal JJ 31221 62 27 habits habit NNS 31221 62 28 , , , 31221 62 29 whereas whereas IN 31221 62 30 _ _ NNP 31221 62 31 Pachymedusa Pachymedusa NNP 31221 62 32 _ _ NNP 31221 62 33 probably probably RB 31221 62 34 remains remain VBZ 31221 62 35 relatively relatively RB 31221 62 36 little little JJ 31221 62 37 changed change VBN 31221 62 38 from from IN 31221 62 39 the the DT 31221 62 40 basic basic JJ 31221 62 41 phyllomedusine phyllomedusine NN 31221 62 42 stock stock NN 31221 62 43 . . . 31221 63 1 On on IN 31221 63 2 the the DT 31221 63 3 basis basis NN 31221 63 4 of of IN 31221 63 5 modern modern JJ 31221 63 6 distribution distribution NN 31221 63 7 and and CC 31221 63 8 areas area NNS 31221 63 9 of of IN 31221 63 10 diversification diversification NN 31221 63 11 alone alone RB 31221 63 12 ( ( -LRB- 31221 63 13 no no DT 31221 63 14 fossils fossil NNS 31221 63 15 are be VBP 31221 63 16 known know VBN 31221 63 17 ) ) -RRB- 31221 63 18 , , , 31221 63 19 it -PRON- PRP 31221 63 20 is be VBZ 31221 63 21 evident evident JJ 31221 63 22 that that IN 31221 63 23 _ _ NNP 31221 63 24 Phyllomedusa Phyllomedusa NNP 31221 63 25 _ _ NNP 31221 63 26 underwent undergo VBD 31221 63 27 its -PRON- PRP$ 31221 63 28 adaptive adaptive JJ 31221 63 29 radiation radiation NN 31221 63 30 in in IN 31221 63 31 South South NNP 31221 63 32 America America NNP 31221 63 33 , , , 31221 63 34 _ _ NNP 31221 63 35 Agalychnis Agalychnis NNP 31221 63 36 _ _ NNP 31221 63 37 evolved evolve VBD 31221 63 38 in in IN 31221 63 39 Central Central NNP 31221 63 40 America America NNP 31221 63 41 , , , 31221 63 42 and and CC 31221 63 43 _ _ NNP 31221 63 44 Pachymedusa Pachymedusa NNP 31221 63 45 _ _ NNP 31221 63 46 ended end VBD 31221 63 47 up up RP 31221 63 48 in in IN 31221 63 49 western western JJ 31221 63 50 México México NNP 31221 63 51 . . . 31221 64 1 If if IN 31221 64 2 we -PRON- PRP 31221 64 3 follow follow VBP 31221 64 4 the the DT 31221 64 5 Matthewsian matthewsian JJ 31221 64 6 concepts concept NNS 31221 64 7 of of IN 31221 64 8 the the DT 31221 64 9 American american JJ 31221 64 10 herpetofauna herpetofauna NN 31221 64 11 outlined outline VBN 31221 64 12 by by IN 31221 64 13 Dunn Dunn NNP 31221 64 14 ( ( -LRB- 31221 64 15 1931 1931 CD 31221 64 16 ) ) -RRB- 31221 64 17 and and CC 31221 64 18 modified modify VBN 31221 64 19 by by IN 31221 64 20 Schmidt Schmidt NNP 31221 64 21 ( ( -LRB- 31221 64 22 1943 1943 CD 31221 64 23 ) ) -RRB- 31221 64 24 and and CC 31221 64 25 Stuart Stuart NNP 31221 64 26 ( ( -LRB- 31221 64 27 1950 1950 CD 31221 64 28 ) ) -RRB- 31221 64 29 , , , 31221 64 30 _ _ NNP 31221 64 31 Pachymedusa Pachymedusa NNP 31221 64 32 _ _ NNP 31221 64 33 represents represent VBZ 31221 64 34 a a DT 31221 64 35 " " `` 31221 64 36 hanging hang VBG 31221 64 37 - - HYPH 31221 64 38 relict relict NN 31221 64 39 " " '' 31221 64 40 of of IN 31221 64 41 a a DT 31221 64 42 group group NN 31221 64 43 that that WDT 31221 64 44 moved move VBD 31221 64 45 southward southward RB 31221 64 46 . . . 31221 65 1 According accord VBG 31221 65 2 to to IN 31221 65 3 Savage Savage NNP 31221 65 4 's 's POS 31221 65 5 ( ( -LRB- 31221 65 6 1966 1966 CD 31221 65 7 ) ) -RRB- 31221 65 8 interpretation interpretation NN 31221 65 9 of of IN 31221 65 10 the the DT 31221 65 11 origins origin NNS 31221 65 12 and and CC 31221 65 13 history history NN 31221 65 14 of of IN 31221 65 15 the the DT 31221 65 16 American american JJ 31221 65 17 herpetofauna herpetofauna NN 31221 65 18 , , , 31221 65 19 _ _ NNP 31221 65 20 Agalychnis Agalychnis NNP 31221 65 21 _ _ NNP 31221 65 22 and and CC 31221 65 23 _ _ NNP 31221 65 24 Pachymedusa Pachymedusa NNP 31221 65 25 _ _ NNP 31221 65 26 are be VBP 31221 65 27 members member NNS 31221 65 28 of of IN 31221 65 29 the the DT 31221 65 30 Mesoamerican mesoamerican JJ 31221 65 31 fauna fauna NNS 31221 65 32 , , , 31221 65 33 and and CC 31221 65 34 _ _ NNP 31221 65 35 Phyllomedusa Phyllomedusa NNP 31221 65 36 _ _ NNP 31221 65 37 is be VBZ 31221 65 38 part part NN 31221 65 39 of of IN 31221 65 40 the the DT 31221 65 41 Neotropical neotropical JJ 31221 65 42 fauna fauna NNS 31221 65 43 . . . 31221 66 1 Perhaps perhaps RB 31221 66 2 the the DT 31221 66 3 phyllomedusines phyllomedusine NNS 31221 66 4 arose arise VBD 31221 66 5 in in IN 31221 66 6 South South NNP 31221 66 7 America America NNP 31221 66 8 ; ; : 31221 66 9 from from IN 31221 66 10 there there RB 31221 66 11 a a DT 31221 66 12 primitive primitive JJ 31221 66 13 stock stock NN 31221 66 14 spread spread NN 31221 66 15 northward northward RB 31221 66 16 and and CC 31221 66 17 survived survive VBD 31221 66 18 as as IN 31221 66 19 _ _ NNP 31221 66 20 Pachymedusa Pachymedusa NNP 31221 66 21 _ _ NNP 31221 66 22 in in IN 31221 66 23 México México NNP 31221 66 24 , , , 31221 66 25 whereas whereas IN 31221 66 26 the the DT 31221 66 27 stock stock NN 31221 66 28 in in IN 31221 66 29 Central Central NNP 31221 66 30 America America NNP 31221 66 31 and and CC 31221 66 32 South South NNP 31221 66 33 America America NNP 31221 66 34 evolved evolve VBD 31221 66 35 into into IN 31221 66 36 _ _ NNP 31221 66 37 Agalychnis Agalychnis NNP 31221 66 38 _ _ NNP 31221 66 39 and and CC 31221 66 40 _ _ NNP 31221 66 41 Phyllomedusa Phyllomedusa NNP 31221 66 42 _ _ NNP 31221 66 43 , , , 31221 66 44 respectively respectively RB 31221 66 45 . . . 31221 67 1 Evidently evidently RB 31221 67 2 the the DT 31221 67 3 primitive primitive JJ 31221 67 4 phyllomedusines phyllomedusine NNS 31221 67 5 evolved evolve VBD 31221 67 6 the the DT 31221 67 7 habit habit NN 31221 67 8 of of IN 31221 67 9 arboreal arboreal NNP 31221 67 10 egg egg NNP 31221 67 11 deposition deposition NNP 31221 67 12 and and CC 31221 67 13 a a DT 31221 67 14 walking walking NN 31221 67 15 gait gait NN 31221 67 16 ; ; : 31221 67 17 the the DT 31221 67 18 latter latter NN 31221 67 19 is be VBZ 31221 67 20 best well RBS 31221 67 21 developed develop VBN 31221 67 22 in in IN 31221 67 23 the the DT 31221 67 24 small small JJ 31221 67 25 , , , 31221 67 26 highly highly RB 31221 67 27 specialized specialized JJ 31221 67 28 species specie NNS 31221 67 29 of of IN 31221 67 30 _ _ NNP 31221 67 31 Phyllomedusa Phyllomedusa NNP 31221 67 32 _ _ NNP 31221 67 33 ( ( -LRB- 31221 67 34 Lutz Lutz NNP 31221 67 35 , , , 31221 67 36 1966 1966 CD 31221 67 37 ) ) -RRB- 31221 67 38 . . . 31221 68 1 Probably probably RB 31221 68 2 the the DT 31221 68 3 other other JJ 31221 68 4 divergent divergent JJ 31221 68 5 arboreal arboreal JJ 31221 68 6 adaptations adaptation NNS 31221 68 7 resulted result VBD 31221 68 8 from from IN 31221 68 9 environmental environmental JJ 31221 68 10 stresses stress NNS 31221 68 11 and and CC 31221 68 12 competition competition NN 31221 68 13 . . . 31221 69 1 The the DT 31221 69 2 generalized generalized JJ 31221 69 3 _ _ NNP 31221 69 4 Pachymedusa Pachymedusa NNP 31221 69 5 _ _ NNP 31221 69 6 inhabits inhabit NNS 31221 69 7 relatively relatively RB 31221 69 8 dry dry JJ 31221 69 9 areas area NNS 31221 69 10 characterized characterize VBN 31221 69 11 by by IN 31221 69 12 low low JJ 31221 69 13 forest forest NN 31221 69 14 . . . 31221 70 1 Throughout throughout IN 31221 70 2 its -PRON- PRP$ 31221 70 3 range range NN 31221 70 4 it -PRON- PRP 31221 70 5 coexists coexist VBZ 31221 70 6 with with IN 31221 70 7 no no DT 31221 70 8 more more JJR 31221 70 9 than than IN 31221 70 10 five five CD 31221 70 11 other other JJ 31221 70 12 arboreal arboreal JJ 31221 70 13 hylids hylid NNS 31221 70 14 . . . 31221 71 1 The the DT 31221 71 2 species specie NNS 31221 71 3 of of IN 31221 71 4 _ _ NNP 31221 71 5 Agalychnis Agalychnis NNP 31221 71 6 _ _ NNP 31221 71 7 live live VBP 31221 71 8 in in IN 31221 71 9 rain rain NN 31221 71 10 forests forest NNS 31221 71 11 and and CC 31221 71 12 humid humid JJ 31221 71 13 montane montane NN 31221 71 14 forests forest NNS 31221 71 15 . . . 31221 72 1 In in IN 31221 72 2 any any DT 31221 72 3 given give VBN 31221 72 4 area area NN 31221 72 5 one one CD 31221 72 6 species species NN 31221 72 7 of of IN 31221 72 8 _ _ NNP 31221 72 9 Agalychnis Agalychnis NNP 31221 72 10 _ _ NNP 31221 72 11 occurs occur VBZ 31221 72 12 sympatrically sympatrically RB 31221 72 13 with with IN 31221 72 14 no no DT 31221 72 15 more more JJR 31221 72 16 than than IN 31221 72 17 a a DT 31221 72 18 dozen dozen NN 31221 72 19 other other JJ 31221 72 20 arboreal arboreal JJ 31221 72 21 hylids hylid NNS 31221 72 22 . . . 31221 73 1 With with IN 31221 73 2 few few JJ 31221 73 3 exceptions exception NNS 31221 73 4 the the DT 31221 73 5 species specie NNS 31221 73 6 of of IN 31221 73 7 _ _ NNP 31221 73 8 Agalychnis Agalychnis NNP 31221 73 9 _ _ NNP 31221 73 10 are be VBP 31221 73 11 more more RBR 31221 73 12 arboreal arboreal JJ 31221 73 13 in in IN 31221 73 14 their -PRON- PRP$ 31221 73 15 habits habit NNS 31221 73 16 than than IN 31221 73 17 are be VBP 31221 73 18 other other JJ 31221 73 19 hylids hylid NNS 31221 73 20 . . . 31221 74 1 The the DT 31221 74 2 species specie NNS 31221 74 3 of of IN 31221 74 4 _ _ NNP 31221 74 5 Phyllomedusa Phyllomedusa NNP 31221 74 6 _ _ NNP 31221 74 7 live live VBP 31221 74 8 in in IN 31221 74 9 the the DT 31221 74 10 same same JJ 31221 74 11 kinds kind NNS 31221 74 12 of of IN 31221 74 13 habitats habitat NNS 31221 74 14 as as IN 31221 74 15 do do VBP 31221 74 16 those those DT 31221 74 17 of of IN 31221 74 18 _ _ NNP 31221 74 19 Agalychnis Agalychnis NNP 31221 74 20 _ _ NNP 31221 74 21 , , , 31221 74 22 but but CC 31221 74 23 throughout throughout IN 31221 74 24 the the DT 31221 74 25 ranges range NNS 31221 74 26 of of IN 31221 74 27 most most JJS 31221 74 28 of of IN 31221 74 29 the the DT 31221 74 30 species specie NNS 31221 74 31 of of IN 31221 74 32 _ _ NNP 31221 74 33 Phyllomedusa Phyllomedusa NNP 31221 74 34 _ _ NNP 31221 74 35 the the DT 31221 74 36 diversity diversity NN 31221 74 37 of of IN 31221 74 38 arboreal arboreal JJ 31221 74 39 hylids hylid NNS 31221 74 40 is be VBZ 31221 74 41 much much RB 31221 74 42 greater great JJR 31221 74 43 than than IN 31221 74 44 in in IN 31221 74 45 Central Central NNP 31221 74 46 America America NNP 31221 74 47 . . . 31221 75 1 In in IN 31221 75 2 the the DT 31221 75 3 upper upper JJ 31221 75 4 Amazon Amazon NNP 31221 75 5 Basin Basin NNP 31221 75 6 as as RB 31221 75 7 many many JJ 31221 75 8 as as IN 31221 75 9 35 35 CD 31221 75 10 hylids hylid NNS 31221 75 11 occur occur VBP 31221 75 12 sympatrically sympatrically RB 31221 75 13 . . . 31221 76 1 Many many JJ 31221 76 2 groups group NNS 31221 76 3 of of IN 31221 76 4 _ _ NNP 31221 76 5 Hyla Hyla NNP 31221 76 6 _ _ NNP 31221 76 7 in in IN 31221 76 8 this this DT 31221 76 9 area area NN 31221 76 10 ( ( -LRB- 31221 76 11 for for IN 31221 76 12 example example NN 31221 76 13 , , , 31221 76 14 the the DT 31221 76 15 _ _ NNP 31221 76 16 Hyla Hyla NNP 31221 76 17 boans boans NNPS 31221 76 18 _ _ NNP 31221 76 19 and and CC 31221 76 20 _ _ NNP 31221 76 21 Hyla Hyla NNP 31221 76 22 marmorata marmorata NN 31221 76 23 _ _ NNP 31221 76 24 groups group NNS 31221 76 25 ) ) -RRB- 31221 76 26 are be VBP 31221 76 27 equally equally RB 31221 76 28 as as RB 31221 76 29 arboreal arboreal JJ 31221 76 30 in in IN 31221 76 31 their -PRON- PRP$ 31221 76 32 habits habit NNS 31221 76 33 as as IN 31221 76 34 are be VBP 31221 76 35 the the DT 31221 76 36 species specie NNS 31221 76 37 of of IN 31221 76 38 _ _ NNP 31221 76 39 Agalychnis Agalychnis NNP 31221 76 40 _ _ NNP 31221 76 41 in in IN 31221 76 42 Central Central NNP 31221 76 43 America America NNP 31221 76 44 . . . 31221 77 1 Conceivably conceivably RB 31221 77 2 , , , 31221 77 3 competition competition NN 31221 77 4 within within IN 31221 77 5 this this DT 31221 77 6 array array NN 31221 77 7 of of IN 31221 77 8 tree tree NN 31221 77 9 frogs frog NNS 31221 77 10 resulted result VBD 31221 77 11 in in IN 31221 77 12 selection selection NN 31221 77 13 for for IN 31221 77 14 modification modification NN 31221 77 15 of of IN 31221 77 16 the the DT 31221 77 17 extremities extremity NNS 31221 77 18 , , , 31221 77 19 thereby thereby RB 31221 77 20 bringing bring VBG 31221 77 21 about about RP 31221 77 22 a a DT 31221 77 23 different different JJ 31221 77 24 mode mode NN 31221 77 25 of of IN 31221 77 26 climbing climbing NN 31221 77 27 in in IN 31221 77 28 _ _ NNP 31221 77 29 Phyllomedusa Phyllomedusa NNP 31221 77 30 _ _ NNP 31221 77 31 . . . 31221 78 1 The the DT 31221 78 2 walking walking NN 31221 78 3 gait gait NN 31221 78 4 already already RB 31221 78 5 present present JJ 31221 78 6 in in IN 31221 78 7 phyllomedusines phyllomedusine NNS 31221 78 8 provided provide VBN 31221 78 9 a a DT 31221 78 10 source source NN 31221 78 11 for for IN 31221 78 12 further further JJ 31221 78 13 modification modification NN 31221 78 14 , , , 31221 78 15 which which WDT 31221 78 16 resulted result VBD 31221 78 17 in in IN 31221 78 18 the the DT 31221 78 19 development development NN 31221 78 20 of of IN 31221 78 21 opposable opposable JJ 31221 78 22 digits digit NNS 31221 78 23 and and CC 31221 78 24 the the DT 31221 78 25 associated associated NNP 31221 78 26 lemuroid lemuroid NNP 31221 78 27 manner manner NNP 31221 78 28 of of IN 31221 78 29 climbing climbing NN 31221 78 30 . . . 31221 79 1 The the DT 31221 79 2 known known JJ 31221 79 3 life life NN 31221 79 4 histories history NNS 31221 79 5 of of IN 31221 79 6 most most JJS 31221 79 7 species specie NNS 31221 79 8 of of IN 31221 79 9 _ _ NNP 31221 79 10 Phyllomedusa Phyllomedusa NNP 31221 79 11 _ _ NNP 31221 79 12 , , , 31221 79 13 all all DT 31221 79 14 species specie NNS 31221 79 15 of of IN 31221 79 16 _ _ NNP 31221 79 17 Agalychnis Agalychnis NNP 31221 79 18 _ _ NNP 31221 79 19 , , , 31221 79 20 and and CC 31221 79 21 that that DT 31221 79 22 of of IN 31221 79 23 _ _ NNP 31221 79 24 Pachymedusa Pachymedusa NNP 31221 79 25 _ _ NNP 31221 79 26 are be VBP 31221 79 27 similar similar JJ 31221 79 28 . . . 31221 80 1 Characteristically characteristically RB 31221 80 2 the the DT 31221 80 3 tadpoles tadpole NNS 31221 80 4 are be VBP 31221 80 5 generalized generalize VBN 31221 80 6 pelagic pelagic JJ 31221 80 7 types type NNS 31221 80 8 that that WDT 31221 80 9 develop develop VBP 31221 80 10 in in IN 31221 80 11 ponds pond NNS 31221 80 12 , , , 31221 80 13 but but CC 31221 80 14 at at IN 31221 80 15 least least JJS 31221 80 16 some some DT 31221 80 17 of of IN 31221 80 18 the the DT 31221 80 19 small small JJ 31221 80 20 specialized specialized NNP 31221 80 21 _ _ NNP 31221 80 22 Phyllomedusa Phyllomedusa NNP 31221 80 23 _ _ NNP 31221 80 24 in in IN 31221 80 25 southeastern southeastern JJ 31221 80 26 Brazil Brazil NNP 31221 80 27 have have VBP 31221 80 28 stream stream NN 31221 80 29 - - HYPH 31221 80 30 adapted adapt VBN 31221 80 31 tadpoles tadpole NNS 31221 80 32 with with IN 31221 80 33 funnel funnel NN 31221 80 34 - - HYPH 31221 80 35 shaped shape VBN 31221 80 36 mouths mouth NNS 31221 80 37 ( ( -LRB- 31221 80 38 Cochran Cochran NNP 31221 80 39 , , , 31221 80 40 1955 1955 CD 31221 80 41 ; ; : 31221 80 42 Bokermann Bokermann NNP 31221 80 43 , , , 31221 80 44 1966 1966 CD 31221 80 45 ) ) -RRB- 31221 80 46 . . . 31221 81 1 Knowledge knowledge NN 31221 81 2 of of IN 31221 81 3 the the DT 31221 81 4 life life NN 31221 81 5 histories history NNS 31221 81 6 of of IN 31221 81 7 the the DT 31221 81 8 other other JJ 31221 81 9 species specie NNS 31221 81 10 of of IN 31221 81 11 _ _ NNP 31221 81 12 Phyllomedusa Phyllomedusa NNP 31221 81 13 _ _ NNP 31221 81 14 should should MD 31221 81 15 aid aid VB 31221 81 16 in in IN 31221 81 17 the the DT 31221 81 18 interpretation interpretation NN 31221 81 19 of of IN 31221 81 20 the the DT 31221 81 21 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ 31221 81 22 relationships relationship NNS 31221 81 23 of of IN 31221 81 24 the the DT 31221 81 25 several several JJ 31221 81 26 groups group NNS 31221 81 27 of of IN 31221 81 28 frogs frog NNS 31221 81 29 now now RB 31221 81 30 assigned assign VBN 31221 81 31 to to IN 31221 81 32 that that DT 31221 81 33 genus genus NN 31221 81 34 . . . 31221 82 1 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS acknowledgment NNS 31221 82 2 I -PRON- PRP 31221 82 3 am be VBP 31221 82 4 grateful grateful JJ 31221 82 5 to to IN 31221 82 6 Linda Linda NNP 31221 82 7 Trueb Trueb NNP 31221 82 8 who who WP 31221 82 9 provided provide VBD 31221 82 10 the the DT 31221 82 11 osteological osteological JJ 31221 82 12 data datum NNS 31221 82 13 included include VBN 31221 82 14 , , , 31221 82 15 and and CC 31221 82 16 who who WP 31221 82 17 helped help VBD 31221 82 18 me -PRON- PRP 31221 82 19 in in IN 31221 82 20 formulating formulate VBG 31221 82 21 some some DT 31221 82 22 of of IN 31221 82 23 the the DT 31221 82 24 ideas idea NNS 31221 82 25 expressed express VBN 31221 82 26 in in IN 31221 82 27 the the DT 31221 82 28 discussion discussion NN 31221 82 29 . . . 31221 83 1 This this DT 31221 83 2 paper paper NN 31221 83 3 is be VBZ 31221 83 4 a a DT 31221 83 5 result result NN 31221 83 6 of of IN 31221 83 7 investigations investigation NNS 31221 83 8 on on IN 31221 83 9 hylid hylid JJ 31221 83 10 frogs frog NNS 31221 83 11 supported support VBN 31221 83 12 by by IN 31221 83 13 the the DT 31221 83 14 National National NNP 31221 83 15 Science Science NNP 31221 83 16 Foundation Foundation NNP 31221 83 17 ( ( -LRB- 31221 83 18 NSF NSF NNP 31221 83 19 - - HYPH 31221 83 20 GB-5818 GB-5818 NNP 31221 83 21 ) ) -RRB- 31221 83 22 . . . 31221 84 1 LITERATURE LITERATURE NNP 31221 84 2 CITED CITED NNP 31221 84 3 BOKERMANN BOKERMANN NNP 31221 84 4 , , , 31221 84 5 W. W. NNP 31221 84 6 C. C. NNP 31221 84 7 A A NNP 31221 84 8 1966 1966 CD 31221 84 9 . . . 31221 85 1 A a DT 31221 85 2 new new JJ 31221 85 3 _ _ NNP 31221 85 4 Phyllomedusa Phyllomedusa NNP 31221 85 5 _ _ NNP 31221 85 6 from from IN 31221 85 7 southeastern southeastern JJ 31221 85 8 Brazil Brazil NNP 31221 85 9 . . . 31221 86 1 Herpetologica Herpetologica NNP 31221 86 2 , , , 31221 86 3 22:293 22:293 CD 31221 86 4 - - SYM 31221 86 5 297 297 CD 31221 86 6 . . . 31221 87 1 CEI CEI NNP 31221 87 2 , , , 31221 87 3 J. J. NNP 31221 87 4 M M NNP 31221 87 5 1963 1963 CD 31221 87 6 . . . 31221 88 1 Some some DT 31221 88 2 precipitin precipitin NN 31221 88 3 tests test NNS 31221 88 4 and and CC 31221 88 5 preliminary preliminary JJ 31221 88 6 remarks remark NNS 31221 88 7 on on IN 31221 88 8 the the DT 31221 88 9 systematic systematic JJ 31221 88 10 relationships relationship NNS 31221 88 11 of of IN 31221 88 12 four four CD 31221 88 13 South south JJ 31221 88 14 American american JJ 31221 88 15 families family NNS 31221 88 16 of of IN 31221 88 17 frogs frog NNS 31221 88 18 . . . 31221 89 1 Bull Bull NNP 31221 89 2 . . . 31221 90 1 Serological Serological NNP 31221 90 2 Mus Mus NNP 31221 90 3 . . NNP 31221 90 4 , , , 31221 90 5 30:4 30:4 CD 31221 90 6 - - SYM 31221 90 7 6 6 CD 31221 90 8 . . . 31221 91 1 CEI CEI NNP 31221 91 2 , , , 31221 91 3 J. J. NNP 31221 91 4 M. M. NNP 31221 91 5 and and CC 31221 91 6 V. V. NNP 31221 91 7 ERSPAMER ERSPAMER NNP 31221 91 8 1966 1966 CD 31221 91 9 . . . 31221 92 1 Biochemical biochemical JJ 31221 92 2 taxonomy taxonomy NN 31221 92 3 of of IN 31221 92 4 South south JJ 31221 92 5 American american JJ 31221 92 6 amphibians amphibian NNS 31221 92 7 by by IN 31221 92 8 means mean NNS 31221 92 9 of of IN 31221 92 10 skin skin NN 31221 92 11 amines amine NNS 31221 92 12 and and CC 31221 92 13 polypeptides polypeptide NNS 31221 92 14 . . . 31221 93 1 Copeia Copeia NNP 31221 93 2 , , , 31221 93 3 no no UH 31221 93 4 . . . 31221 94 1 1:74 1:74 CD 31221 94 2 - - SYM 31221 94 3 8 8 CD 31221 94 4 . . . 31221 95 1 COCHRAN COCHRAN NNP 31221 95 2 , , , 31221 95 3 D. D. NNP 31221 95 4 M M NNP 31221 95 5 1955 1955 CD 31221 95 6 . . . 31221 96 1 Frogs frog NNS 31221 96 2 of of IN 31221 96 3 southeastern southeastern JJ 31221 96 4 Brazil Brazil NNP 31221 96 5 . . . 31221 97 1 Bull Bull NNP 31221 97 2 . . . 31221 98 1 U. U. NNP 31221 98 2 S. S. NNP 31221 98 3 Natl Natl NNP 31221 98 4 . . . 31221 99 1 Mus Mus NNP 31221 99 2 . . NNP 31221 99 3 , , , 31221 99 4 206 206 CD 31221 99 5 ; ; : 31221 99 6 xvi xvi NNP 31221 99 7 + + DT 31221 99 8 423 423 CD 31221 99 9 pp pp NN 31221 99 10 . . . 31221 100 1 COLE COLE NNP 31221 100 2 , , , 31221 100 3 C. C. NNP 31221 100 4 J J NNP 31221 100 5 1966 1966 CD 31221 100 6 . . . 31221 101 1 The the DT 31221 101 2 chromosomes chromosome NNS 31221 101 3 of of IN 31221 101 4 _ _ NNP 31221 101 5 Acris Acris NNP 31221 101 6 crepitans crepitan VBZ 31221 101 7 blanchardi blanchardi NNS 31221 101 8 _ _ NNP 31221 101 9 Harper Harper NNP 31221 101 10 ( ( -LRB- 31221 101 11 Anura Anura NNP 31221 101 12 : : : 31221 101 13 Hylidae hylidae NN 31221 101 14 ) ) -RRB- 31221 101 15 . . . 31221 102 1 Copeia Copeia NNP 31221 102 2 , , , 31221 102 3 no no UH 31221 102 4 . . . 31221 103 1 3:578 3:578 CD 31221 103 2 - - SYM 31221 103 3 580 580 CD 31221 103 4 . . . 31221 104 1 COPE COPE NNP 31221 104 2 , , , 31221 104 3 E. E. NNP 31221 104 4 D D NNP 31221 104 5 1864 1864 CD 31221 104 6 . . . 31221 105 1 Contributions contribution NNS 31221 105 2 to to IN 31221 105 3 the the DT 31221 105 4 herpetology herpetology NN 31221 105 5 of of IN 31221 105 6 tropical tropical JJ 31221 105 7 America America NNP 31221 105 8 . . . 31221 106 1 Proc Proc NNP 31221 106 2 . . . 31221 107 1 Acad Acad NNS 31221 107 2 . . . 31221 108 1 Nat Nat NNP 31221 108 2 . . . 31221 109 1 Sci Sci NNP 31221 109 2 . . . 31221 110 1 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP 31221 110 2 , , , 31221 110 3 16:166 16:166 CD 31221 110 4 - - SYM 31221 110 5 181 181 CD 31221 110 6 . . . 31221 111 1 1866 1866 CD 31221 111 2 . . . 31221 112 1 On on IN 31221 112 2 the the DT 31221 112 3 structures structure NNS 31221 112 4 and and CC 31221 112 5 distribution distribution NN 31221 112 6 of of IN 31221 112 7 the the DT 31221 112 8 genera genera NN 31221 112 9 of of IN 31221 112 10 arciferous arciferous NNP 31221 112 11 Anura Anura NNP 31221 112 12 . . . 31221 113 1 Jour Jour NNP 31221 113 2 . . . 31221 114 1 Acad Acad NNS 31221 114 2 . . . 31221 115 1 Nat Nat NNP 31221 115 2 . . . 31221 116 1 Sci Sci NNP 31221 116 2 . . . 31221 117 1 Philadelphia Philadelphia NNP 31221 117 2 , , , 31221 117 3 ser ser NN 31221 117 4 . . . 31221 118 1 2 2 CD 31221 118 2 , , , 31221 118 3 6:67 6:67 CD 31221 118 4 - - SYM 31221 118 5 112 112 CD 31221 118 6 . . . 31221 119 1 DUELLMAN DUELLMAN NNP 31221 119 2 , , , 31221 119 3 W. W. NNP 31221 119 4 E E NNP 31221 119 5 1967 1967 CD 31221 119 6 . . . 31221 120 1 Additional additional JJ 31221 120 2 studies study NNS 31221 120 3 on on IN 31221 120 4 chromosomes chromosome NNS 31221 120 5 of of IN 31221 120 6 anuran anuran NN 31221 120 7 amphibians amphibian NNS 31221 120 8 . . . 31221 121 1 Syst Syst NNP 31221 121 2 . . . 31221 122 1 Zool Zool NNP 31221 122 2 . . . 31221 122 3 , , , 31221 122 4 16:38 16:38 CD 31221 122 5 - - SYM 31221 122 6 43 43 CD 31221 122 7 . . . 31221 123 1 DUELLMAN DUELLMAN NNP 31221 123 2 , , , 31221 123 3 W. W. NNP 31221 123 4 E. E. NNP 31221 123 5 and and CC 31221 123 6 C. C. NNP 31221 123 7 J. J. NNP 31221 123 8 COLE COLE NNP 31221 123 9 1965 1965 CD 31221 123 10 . . . 31221 124 1 Studies study NNS 31221 124 2 of of IN 31221 124 3 chromosomes chromosome NNS 31221 124 4 of of IN 31221 124 5 some some DT 31221 124 6 anuran anuran JJ 31221 124 7 amphibians amphibian NNS 31221 124 8 ( ( -LRB- 31221 124 9 Hylidae Hylidae NNP 31221 124 10 and and CC 31221 124 11 Centrolenidae Centrolenidae NNP 31221 124 12 ) ) -RRB- 31221 124 13 . . . 31221 125 1 Syst Syst NNP 31221 125 2 . . . 31221 126 1 Zool Zool NNP 31221 126 2 . . NNP 31221 126 3 , , , 31221 126 4 14:139 14:139 CD 31221 126 5 - - SYM 31221 126 6 143 143 CD 31221 126 7 . . . 31221 127 1 DUMÉRIL DUMÉRIL NNP 31221 127 2 , , , 31221 127 3 A. a. NN 31221 127 4 H h NN 31221 127 5 1853 1853 CD 31221 127 6 . . . 31221 128 1 Memoire memoire JJ 31221 128 2 sur sur FW 31221 128 3 les les FW 31221 128 4 batraciens batraciens NNP 31221 128 5 anoures anoures NNPS 31221 128 6 de de NNP 31221 128 7 la la NNP 31221 128 8 famille famille NNP 31221 128 9 des des NNP 31221 128 10 hylaeformes hylaeformes NNP 31221 128 11 ou ou NNP 31221 128 12 rainettes rainette NNS 31221 128 13 comprenant comprenant JJ 31221 128 14 la la NNP 31221 128 15 description description NN 31221 128 16 d'un d'un JJ 31221 128 17 genre genre NN 31221 128 18 nouveau nouveau NN 31221 128 19 et et NNP 31221 128 20 de de FW 31221 128 21 onze onze NNP 31221 128 22 espèces espèce NNS 31221 128 23 nouvelles nouvelle VBZ 31221 128 24 . . . 31221 129 1 Ann Ann NNP 31221 129 2 . . . 31221 130 1 Sci Sci NNP 31221 130 2 . . . 31221 131 1 Nat Nat NNP 31221 131 2 . . NNP 31221 131 3 , , , 31221 131 4 ser ser NNP 31221 131 5 . . . 31221 132 1 3 3 CD 31221 132 2 , , , 31221 132 3 19:135 19:135 CD 31221 132 4 - - SYM 31221 132 5 179 179 CD 31221 132 6 . . . 31221 133 1 DUNN DUNN NNP 31221 133 2 , , , 31221 133 3 E. E. NNP 31221 133 4 R R NNP 31221 133 5 1931 1931 CD 31221 133 6 . . . 31221 134 1 The the DT 31221 134 2 herpetological herpetological JJ 31221 134 3 fauna fauna NN 31221 134 4 of of IN 31221 134 5 the the DT 31221 134 6 Americas Americas NNPS 31221 134 7 . . . 31221 135 1 Copeia Copeia NNP 31221 135 2 , , , 31221 135 3 no no UH 31221 135 4 . . . 31221 136 1 3:106 3:106 CD 31221 136 2 - - SYM 31221 136 3 119 119 CD 31221 136 4 . . . 31221 137 1 FUNKHOUSER FUNKHOUSER NNP 31221 137 2 , , , 31221 137 3 A a DT 31221 137 4 1957 1957 CD 31221 137 5 . . . 31221 138 1 A a DT 31221 138 2 review review NN 31221 138 3 of of IN 31221 138 4 the the DT 31221 138 5 Neotropical neotropical JJ 31221 138 6 tree tree NN 31221 138 7 - - HYPH 31221 138 8 frogs frog NNS 31221 138 9 of of IN 31221 138 10 the the DT 31221 138 11 genus genus NNP 31221 138 12 _ _ NNP 31221 138 13 Phyllomedusa Phyllomedusa NNP 31221 138 14 _ _ NNP 31221 138 15 . . . 31221 139 1 Occas occas JJ 31221 139 2 . . . 31221 140 1 Papers Papers NNP 31221 140 2 Nat Nat NNP 31221 140 3 . . . 31221 141 1 Hist hist NN 31221 141 2 . . . 31221 142 1 Mus Mus NNP 31221 142 2 . . NNP 31221 142 3 , , , 31221 142 4 Stanford Stanford NNP 31221 142 5 Univ Univ NNP 31221 142 6 . . NNP 31221 142 7 , , , 31221 142 8 5:1 5:1 CD 31221 142 9 - - SYM 31221 142 10 90 90 CD 31221 142 11 . . . 31221 143 1 1962 1962 CD 31221 143 2 . . . 31221 144 1 A a DT 31221 144 2 new new JJ 31221 144 3 _ _ NNP 31221 144 4 Phyllomedusa Phyllomedusa NNP 31221 144 5 _ _ NNP 31221 144 6 from from IN 31221 144 7 Venezuela Venezuela NNP 31221 144 8 . . . 31221 145 1 Copeia Copeia NNP 31221 145 2 , , , 31221 145 3 no no UH 31221 145 4 . . . 31221 146 1 3:588 3:588 CD 31221 146 2 - - SYM 31221 146 3 590 590 CD 31221 146 4 . . . 31221 147 1 GOIN GOIN NNP 31221 147 2 , , , 31221 147 3 C. C. NNP 31221 147 4 J J NNP 31221 147 5 1961 1961 CD 31221 147 6 . . . 31221 148 1 Synopsis synopsis NN 31221 148 2 of of IN 31221 148 3 the the DT 31221 148 4 genera genera NN 31221 148 5 of of IN 31221 148 6 hylid hylid NNP 31221 148 7 frogs frog NNS 31221 148 8 . . . 31221 149 1 Ann Ann NNP 31221 149 2 . . . 31221 150 1 Carnegie Carnegie NNP 31221 150 2 Mus Mus NNP 31221 150 3 . . NNP 31221 150 4 , , , 31221 150 5 36:5 36:5 CD 31221 150 6 - - SYM 31221 150 7 18 18 CD 31221 150 8 . . . 31221 151 1 GÜNTHER GÜNTHER NNP 31221 151 2 , , , 31221 151 3 A. a. NN 31221 151 4 C. C. NNP 31221 151 5 L. L. NNP 31221 151 6 G. G. NNP 31221 151 7 " " '' 31221 151 8 1858 1858 CD 31221 151 9 " " '' 31221 151 10 [ [ -LRB- 31221 151 11 1859 1859 CD 31221 151 12 ] ] -RRB- 31221 151 13 , , , 31221 151 14 Catalogue Catalogue NNP 31221 151 15 of of IN 31221 151 16 die die VBP 31221 151 17 Batrachia Batrachia NNP 31221 151 18 Salientia Salientia NNP 31221 151 19 in in IN 31221 151 20 the the DT 31221 151 21 collection collection NN 31221 151 22 of of IN 31221 151 23 the the DT 31221 151 24 British British NNP 31221 151 25 Museum Museum NNP 31221 151 26 . . . 31221 152 1 Taylor Taylor NNP 31221 152 2 and and CC 31221 152 3 Francis Francis NNP 31221 152 4 , , , 31221 152 5 London London NNP 31221 152 6 , , , 31221 152 7 xvi xvi NNP 31221 152 8 + + CC 31221 152 9 160 160 CD 31221 152 10 pp pp NNP 31221 152 11 . . NNP 31221 152 12 , , , 31221 152 13 12 12 CD 31221 152 14 pls pls UH 31221 152 15 . . . 31221 153 1 LUTZ LUTZ NNP 31221 153 2 , , , 31221 153 3 B B NNP 31221 153 4 1966 1966 CD 31221 153 5 . . . 31221 154 1 _ _ NNP 31221 154 2 Pithecopus Pithecopus NNP 31221 154 3 ayeaye ayeaye NN 31221 154 4 _ _ NNP 31221 154 5 , , , 31221 154 6 a a DT 31221 154 7 new new JJ 31221 154 8 Brazilian brazilian JJ 31221 154 9 hylid hylid NN 31221 154 10 with with IN 31221 154 11 vertical vertical JJ 31221 154 12 pupils pupil NNS 31221 154 13 and and CC 31221 154 14 grasping grasp VBG 31221 154 15 feet foot NNS 31221 154 16 . . . 31221 155 1 Copeia Copeia NNP 31221 155 2 , , , 31221 155 3 no no UH 31221 155 4 . . . 31221 156 1 2:236 2:236 CD 31221 156 2 - - SYM 31221 156 3 240 240 CD 31221 156 4 . . . 31221 157 1 MIRANDA MIRANDA NNP 31221 157 2 - - HYPH 31221 157 3 RIBEIRO RIBEIRO NNP 31221 157 4 , , , 31221 157 5 A. a. NN 31221 158 1 DE DE NNP 31221 158 2 1923 1923 CD 31221 158 3 . . . 31221 159 1 As as IN 31221 159 2 Phyllomedusas Phyllomedusas NNP 31221 159 3 do do VBP 31221 159 4 Museu Museu NNP 31221 159 5 Paulista Paulista NNP 31221 159 6 . . . 31221 160 1 Bol Bol NNP 31221 160 2 . . . 31221 161 1 Mus mus NN 31221 161 2 . . . 31221 162 1 Nac Nac NNP 31221 162 2 , , , 31221 162 3 Rio Rio NNP 31221 162 4 de de NNP 31221 162 5 Janeiro Janeiro NNP 31221 162 6 , , , 31221 162 7 1:3 1:3 CD 31221 162 8 - - SYM 31221 162 9 6 6 CD 31221 162 10 . . . 31221 163 1 1926 1926 CD 31221 163 2 . . . 31221 164 1 Notas notas JJ 31221 164 2 para para NN 31221 164 3 servirem servirem NNP 31221 164 4 ao ao NNP 31221 164 5 estudo estudo NNP 31221 164 6 dos dos NNP 31221 164 7 gymnobatrachios gymnobatrachios NNP 31221 164 8 ( ( -LRB- 31221 164 9 Anura Anura NNP 31221 164 10 ) ) -RRB- 31221 164 11 brasileiros brasileiro NNS 31221 164 12 . . . 31221 165 1 Arch Arch NNP 31221 165 2 Mus Mus NNP 31221 165 3 . . . 31221 166 1 Nac Nac NNP 31221 166 2 . . NNP 31221 166 3 , , , 31221 166 4 Rio Rio NNP 31221 166 5 de de NNP 31221 166 6 Janeiro Janeiro NNP 31221 166 7 , , , 31221 166 8 27:1 27:1 CD 31221 166 9 - - SYM 31221 166 10 227 227 CD 31221 166 11 , , , 31221 166 12 pls pls UH 31221 166 13 . . . 31221 167 1 1 1 CD 31221 167 2 - - SYM 31221 167 3 22 22 CD 31221 167 4 . . . 31221 168 1 NOBLE NOBLE NNP 31221 168 2 , , , 31221 168 3 G. G. NNP 31221 168 4 K K NNP 31221 168 5 1931 1931 CD 31221 168 6 . . . 31221 169 1 The the DT 31221 169 2 biology biology NN 31221 169 3 of of IN 31221 169 4 the the DT 31221 169 5 Amphibia Amphibia NNP 31221 169 6 . . . 31221 170 1 McGraw McGraw NNP 31221 170 2 - - HYPH 31221 170 3 Hill Hill NNP 31221 170 4 , , , 31221 170 5 New New NNP 31221 170 6 York York NNP 31221 170 7 , , , 31221 170 8 577 577 CD 31221 170 9 pp pp NN 31221 170 10 . . . 31221 171 1 PETERS PETERS NNP 31221 171 2 , , , 31221 171 3 W. W. NNP 31221 171 4 C. C. NNP 31221 171 5 H H NNP 31221 171 6 1872 1872 CD 31221 171 7 . . . 31221 172 1 Über Über NNP 31221 172 2 eine eine NN 31221 172 3 , , , 31221 172 4 zwei zwei NNP 31221 172 5 neue neue NN 31221 172 6 Gattungen Gattungen NNP 31221 172 7 enthaltende enthaltende NNP 31221 172 8 , , , 31221 172 9 Sammlung Sammlung NNP 31221 172 10 von von NNP 31221 172 11 Batrachiern Batrachiern NNP 31221 172 12 des des FW 31221 172 13 Hrn Hrn NNP 31221 172 14 . . . 31221 173 1 Dr. Dr. NNP 31221 173 2 O. O. NNP 31221 173 3 Wucherer Wucherer NNP 31221 173 4 aus au VBD 31221 173 5 Bahia Bahia NNP 31221 173 6 , , , 31221 173 7 so so RB 31221 173 8 wie wie NNP 31221 173 9 übereinige übereinige NNP 31221 173 10 neue neue JJ 31221 173 11 oder oder NNP 31221 173 12 weniger weniger NNP 31221 173 13 bekannte bekannte NNP 31221 173 14 Saurier Saurier NNP 31221 173 15 . . . 31221 174 1 Monatsb Monatsb NNP 31221 174 2 . . . 31221 175 1 Akad Akad NNP 31221 175 2 . . . 31221 176 1 Wiss Wiss NNP 31221 176 2 . . . 31221 177 1 Berlin Berlin NNP 31221 177 2 , , , 31221 177 3 1872:768 1872:768 CD 31221 177 4 - - SYM 31221 177 5 776 776 CD 31221 177 6 . . . 31221 178 1 SAVAGE SAVAGE NNP 31221 178 2 , , , 31221 178 3 J. J. NNP 31221 178 4 M M NNP 31221 178 5 1966 1966 CD 31221 178 6 . . . 31221 179 1 The the DT 31221 179 2 origins origin NNS 31221 179 3 and and CC 31221 179 4 history history NN 31221 179 5 of of IN 31221 179 6 the the DT 31221 179 7 Central central JJ 31221 179 8 American american JJ 31221 179 9 herpetofauna herpetofauna NN 31221 179 10 . . . 31221 180 1 Copeia Copeia NNP 31221 180 2 , , , 31221 180 3 no no UH 31221 180 4 . . . 31221 181 1 4:719 4:719 CD 31221 181 2 - - SYM 31221 181 3 766 766 CD 31221 181 4 . . . 31221 182 1 SAVAGE SAVAGE NNP 31221 182 2 , , , 31221 182 3 J. J. NNP 31221 182 4 M. M. NNP 31221 182 5 and and CC 31221 182 6 W. W. NNP 31221 182 7 R. R. NNP 31221 182 8 HEYER HEYER NNP 31221 182 9 1967 1967 CD 31221 182 10 . . . 31221 183 1 Variation variation NN 31221 183 2 and and CC 31221 183 3 distribution distribution NN 31221 183 4 in in IN 31221 183 5 the the DT 31221 183 6 tree tree NN 31221 183 7 - - HYPH 31221 183 8 frog frog NN 31221 183 9 genus genus NNP 31221 183 10 _ _ NNP 31221 183 11 Phyllomedusa Phyllomedusa NNP 31221 183 12 _ _ NNP 31221 183 13 in in IN 31221 183 14 Costa Costa NNP 31221 183 15 Rica Rica NNP 31221 183 16 , , , 31221 183 17 Central Central NNP 31221 183 18 America America NNP 31221 183 19 . . . 31221 184 1 Beitr Beitr NNP 31221 184 2 . . . 31221 185 1 Neotrop Neotrop NNP 31221 185 2 . . . 31221 186 1 Fauna Fauna NNP 31221 186 2 , , , 31221 186 3 5:111 5:111 CD 31221 186 4 - - SYM 31221 186 5 131 131 CD 31221 186 6 . . . 31221 187 1 SCHMIDT schmidt NN 31221 187 2 , , , 31221 187 3 K. K. NNP 31221 187 4 P P NNP 31221 187 5 1943 1943 CD 31221 187 6 . . . 31221 188 1 Corollary corollary JJ 31221 188 2 and and CC 31221 188 3 commentary commentary NN 31221 188 4 for for IN 31221 188 5 " " `` 31221 188 6 Climate Climate NNP 31221 188 7 and and CC 31221 188 8 Evolution Evolution NNP 31221 188 9 . . . 31221 188 10 " " '' 31221 189 1 Amer amer NN 31221 189 2 . . . 31221 190 1 Midl Midl NNP 31221 190 2 . . . 31221 191 1 Nat Nat NNP 31221 191 2 . . NNP 31221 191 3 , , , 31221 191 4 30:241 30:241 NNP 31221 191 5 - - SYM 31221 191 6 253 253 CD 31221 191 7 . . . 31221 192 1 STUART STUART NNP 31221 192 2 , , , 31221 192 3 L. L. NNP 31221 192 4 C C NNP 31221 192 5 1950 1950 CD 31221 192 6 . . . 31221 193 1 A a DT 31221 193 2 geographic geographic JJ 31221 193 3 study study NN 31221 193 4 of of IN 31221 193 5 the the DT 31221 193 6 herpetofauna herpetofauna NN 31221 193 7 of of IN 31221 193 8 Alta Alta NNP 31221 193 9 Verapaz Verapaz NNP 31221 193 10 , , , 31221 193 11 Guatemala Guatemala NNP 31221 193 12 . . . 31221 194 1 Contr Contr NNP 31221 194 2 . . . 31221 195 1 Lab lab NN 31221 195 2 . . . 31221 196 1 Vert Vert NNP 31221 196 2 . . . 31221 197 1 Biol Biol NNP 31221 197 2 . . . 31221 197 3 , , , 31221 197 4 Univ Univ NNP 31221 197 5 . . . 31221 198 1 Michigan Michigan NNP 31221 198 2 , , , 31221 198 3 45:1 45:1 CD 31221 198 4 - - SYM 31221 198 5 77 77 CD 31221 198 6 , , , 31221 198 7 pls pls UH 31221 198 8 . . . 31221 199 1 1 1 CD 31221 199 2 - - SYM 31221 199 3 9 9 CD 31221 199 4 . . . 31221 200 1 WAGLER WAGLER NNP 31221 200 2 , , , 31221 200 3 J. J. NNP 31221 200 4 G G NNP 31221 200 5 1830 1830 CD 31221 200 6 . . . 31221 201 1 Näturliches Näturliches NNP 31221 201 2 System System NNP 31221 201 3 der der VBD 31221 201 4 Amphibien Amphibien NNP 31221 201 5 , , , 31221 201 6 mit mit NNP 31221 201 7 vorangehender vorangehender NNP 31221 201 8 Classification classification NN 31221 201 9 der der IN 31221 201 10 Saügethiere Saügethiere NNP 31221 201 11 und und JJ 31221 201 12 Vögel Vögel NNP 31221 201 13 . . . 31221 202 1 München München NNP 31221 202 2 , , , 31221 202 3 vi vi NNP 31221 202 4 + + DT 31221 202 5 354 354 CD 31221 202 6 pp pp NNP 31221 202 7 . . NNP 31221 202 8 , , , 31221 202 9 9 9 CD 31221 202 10 pls pls UH 31221 202 11 . . . 31221 203 1 _ _ NNP 31221 203 2 Transmitted Transmitted NNP 31221 203 3 April April NNP 31221 203 4 18 18 CD 31221 203 5 , , , 31221 203 6 1968 1968 CD 31221 203 7 . . . 31221 203 8 _ _ NNP