 Abstract--This research discusses the reasons of academic sexual harassment in Chinese college. The focus of this research is on college students as victims of academic sexual harassment. Several hypotheses were made based on the theory of discipline power and micro- power by Michel Foucault. The result indicates that discipline power has an effect on the college students in the family, society and college. What is more, micro-power functions as a network of relations from top to bottom, but also to a certain extent from bottom to to p and laterally, and affects those college students. These powers penetrate into college students, making them easier to accept as standard principle in daily life, then leading students to receive academic sexual harassment unconsciously. Index Terms—Aca demia, sexual harassment, Chinese college, discipline power I. INT RODUCT ION The Me Too Movement is a move ment against sexual harassment and assault, especially in the workplace. On October 15, 2017, actress Alyssa Milano first spread the hash tag #MeToo, to encourage victims of sexual harassment to tweet about it and in orde r to dra w much mo re attention to sexual assault and harassment. After that, the phrase "Me too" was tweeted more than 500,000 t imes by October 16, and the Me Too Movement spreads round the world quickly. This hash tag has trended in at least 85 countries, inc luding China. Dr. Luo Xixi, an acade mic, was encouraged by this trend and revealed being sexually harassed by her professor at Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics when she was in her 20 years old. Following, university students were encouraged to reveal being se xually assaulted or harassed by professors or leaders one after another in co lleges , which attracted much attention around the Chinese society. A study on academic se xual harassment is of great concern now. When measured by the quality of journal a rtic les, se xual harassment has been talking in many fie lds, inc ludin g tourism, hospitality, workplace [1],[2].Accordingly, voluminous studies focusing on academic se xual harassment in other countries give a good exa mp le for Ch ina to solv e with this problem[3]-[5]. The study also tries to explore and document sexual harassment in educational setting in HongKong, but the study about it in ma in land of Ch ina is still lack of. This research could not represent and cover the all fact of ma inland, Ch ina[6]. What is more, previous study also demonstrated gender harassment in the conte xt of christian Manuscript received July 18, 2018; revised Oct ober 12, 2018. This work was supported in part by t he Innovat ive P roject of Cult ivat ing Int ernat ional T alents for Post graduat es, Guangdong University of Foreign St udies. Weiwei Wang is with the Guangdong University of Foreign St udies, China (e-mail: aut hor@ boulder.nist.gov). higher education[7]. Furthermore, a lthough a board range of survey have been done for demonstrating sexual harassment, litt le attention has been paid to perceive the academic se xual harassment on college students , especially in main land of China. T ABLE I: WHY DO THE VICTIMS CHOOSE TO KEEP SILENCE React ion of victims when being harassed rat e not realize they suffer sexual harassment 62.8% not know how t o revolt and resist 48.7% Could not find t he evidence 22.4% Have a bad effect in t he relationship and communication 14.1% Feel t oo ashamed and embarrassed 16% Feel t hat it is not a big deal 21.1% Ot hers 8.3% The Table I is made by the statistics of the Investigation of Se xual Harassment of Chinese Undergraduates and Graduates. This investigation was started by T ingting Wei, and finally rece ived 6592 questionnaires[8]. Th is investigation have demonstrated that when they had been suffered sexual harassment in college, there are 62.8%of investigators that did not realize they suffer se xual harassment, 48.7% of investigators did not know how to revolt, resist and defend themselves, and 21.2% of investigators feel that it is not a big deal. Therefo re, previous studies have shown that ma jor Chinese undergraduates and graduates are at risk of beco ming victims of acade mic se xual harassment, and even d id not rea lize and not know how to defend against. The purpose of this study is an attempt to e xpla in why did academic sexua l harassment happens in Chinese college fro m the perspective of power discipline of Foucault Michel. II. CONCEP T UAL FRAMEWORK A lot of definitions about sexual harassment have e xisted, while the definit ion of academic sexua l harassment was first proposed by Frank J.T ill in 1980. In this artic le, as Frank defined in his report, the working defin ition g iven by the council is that “academic se xual harassment is the use of authority to emphasize the se xuality or se xual identity of a student in a manner wh ich prevents or impairs benefits,climate, or opportunities”. What is mo re, it inc ludes these common ele ments: “distortion of a forma l, se x neutral relationship(e.g., teacher/student, counselor/client) by an unwelco me, nonreciproca l, e mphasis on the sexuality or sexual identity”[9]. Accordingly, we refe r academic se xual harassment as that victims in co llege have had direct sexual assault, received unwanted sexual invitation,or e xperienced verbal or physical advances. Discipline Power: A Cathedral of Research on the Academic Sexual Harassment in Chinese College Weiwei Wang International Journal of Social Science and Humanity, Vol. 8, No. 11, November 2018 281 doi: 10.18178/ijssh.2018.8.11.975 Before launching into the rationalization for specific hypotheses, it is of vita l to ground our study in the discipline power method proposed by Michel Foucault. Michel Foucault (1987)‟s theory of discipline powe r ma inly contends that the relationship between power and knowledge, and how the former usually functions as controlling and defining the latter. As Steve noted that discipline is a form of power which appeared in Western society in nineteenth century, which is used as social control[10]. Here, Discipline power means that people will be controlled by those disciplines that are contended into knowledge produced in fa mily, society and school. The statue of knowledge affects the statue of truth. Those knowledge will produce power to control mu ltiplic ities of body and force. Furthermore , micro power also functions as a network of re lations and affects them not only fro m top to bottom, but also to a certain e xtent fro m bottom to top and laterally. Th is paper aims to offer a new perspective to e xplore why did undergraduates experience the academic sexual harassment in Chinese colleg e. III. CORP OREAL DISCIP LINE Discip line power e xpands and penetrates in Ch inese society in many fields, inc luding five social institutions of school, army , factory, hospital, school, and prison. The finding that it has an effect on college students from the family, college and society. In society, Ch ina has always had the fine tradition o f honoring the teachers and their teachings. It is also called “Zun Shi Zhong Dao” in Chinese. This spirit has been carried on and further pro mote in Ch inese society for t housands of years. “Zun Shi” in Chinese means showing great respect to the teachers, which first cited fro m Ba i Hu Tong, an important work in Chinese philosophy history [11]. In China, “dao” means road or way first, and then has further meaning, that is “spirit, principle and way”. In tradit ion, learning is mostly determined by teacher. An excellent and great teacher could cultivate a smart and great student. As the famous philosopher in Tang density --Han Yu saying in Shi Shuo, where there is truth, there is a teacher. If you want to get the truth, become smart and have great thinking. You should learn fro m the great teacher. Teachers have great and higher statue in Chinese society all the time . In the Ch inese Warring States period, it is said that 'one-day teacher, life-long father' in Lv Shi Chun Qiu. It means that “He who is a teacher for a day is the father for a lifetime”. There fore, many students treat their teacher as respectful as their parents. Furthermore, traditional patriarcha l thinking and Confuc ianism affect many Chinese, which fo rce them to used to following traditional ethics ideology and feudal spirit. Three card inal guides (“Three Gang”) and six of Confucian d iscipline (Six Ji) represented by the Chinese culture has interpreted into concrete social system. Here, "Three Gang" in Chin ese means rule rs and subjects should be loyal to each other, parents and children should love each other, and husbands and wives should live in harmony. As Foucault argued that “in every society, the body was in the grip of every strict powers, which imposed on it constraints, prohibitions or obligations”[12]. Although Chinese do not have to apply to these principles anymo re, these princip les have penetrated in them day by day, year by year. Chinese accept these principles as a virtue, as a standard, but disobey it. Therefore, there are many poems and essays that appreciate these traditional virtues. Here, it is not to appeal Chinese to critic ize and abandon these virtue totally. Ho wever, These behavior and culture also return to penetrate into body, eventually, the body becomes into a “docile body”. It will lead to student's loss of subjective consciousness and mental ossification, if they have not received dialectical thinking for a long term. When college students faced academic se xual harassment, their bodies do not know how to re ject and defend against, even not connect it with se xual harassment. This is the power of docile body joined with the discipline.The concept of “docile” becomes a virtue, and people become docile. In fa mily, Ch inese fa milies have paid great attention to education, especially to teachers. In ancient times, teacher would be treated as another father and as respectful as parents. Listening to and following to what teacher ask ones to do is a great virtue. No wadays, “well-behaved” still be taken as a great stander and appreciation for children in China. If people would like to appreciate someone, they would describe he/she, especially a child, as “well-behaved”, or “guai” in Chinese, people often mean that they behave in a way that adults usually like and think is correct. Here, “ well-behaved”, or “guai” in Ch inese means obedience, co mpliance and docility. Throughout the history, many Chinese fa milies have fa mily precept or fa mily instruction, in order to define their children‟s behavior. In tradit ion, Chinese fa milies had many kinds of fa mous fa mily instructions, such as fa mily instruction of Yan Clan, fa mily instruction of Zhu Xi, and Advice to my Son and so on. These family instructions presents principles made and could not be broke. And their bodies gradually accept this rule and apply to it. As Foucault noted in the Discipline and Punish, body could be man ipulated, shaped, trained, which obeys, responds, becomes skillful and increases its forces. A docile body easily fo llo ws those principles [12]. Fa mily is the first and the most importance place for education. “Knowledge priority” is to pra ise highly in many Chinese fa milies. There fore, children are forced to follow princ iples of college and what teachers ask them to do. These family precepts gradually penetrated into children‟s thought would change and man ipulate their behaviors. Their bodies are docile and try to be well-behaved, and not reject anything. Because when they were very little kids, they have been always taught by their parents to obey and follow the teacher‟s instruction. They were e xpected to be we ll-behaved children at ho me and well-behaved students in school, but those who dare to challenge the authority. Furthermore, s o me parents even don‟t like children a lways ask why, which is looked as challenging the authority in ancient times, and still as not a good behavior or trouble-making until today. These docile students makes efficiency in government and monitor for fa mily and college, conversely, they are turned into subjected body and practised body. When they encountered academic sexual harassment, they did not know how to re sist and protect themselves. Because teachers and school represent the authority, and they could not dare to challenge them. Challenge means that children do not show respect to them. As a result, when they face dile mma, they always have International Journal of Social Science and Humanity, Vol. 8, No. 11, November 2018 282 negative attitude towards. In college, there is time -table, enclosure, all kinds of school discipline and regulations that provide good condition for forming we ll-d isciplined body.First, a co mparatively fixed time-table prov ided by college is the good condition of becoming docile body for students. School life would begin in childhood, when young children would be taught to keep their pace with the timetable in „school manors ‟,and each must be adjusted to the time of the others in such way that it would end up a fo rm of mechanical docile body. When they enter in college, students still have an arrange ment in universities, including that when they read in the morning, have classes all the day, take school activities in the evening, go to sleep at night and so on.As Foucault noted “time measured and paid must also be a time without impurities or defects;a time o f good quality, throughout which the body is constantly applied to its e xe rcise. Prec ision and applicat ion are,with regula rity,the fundamental v irtues of discip linary time”[12].Th is could establish rhythms, impose particular occupations, regulate the cycles of repetition,wh ich helps form a docile body. Second, enclosure is the prerequisite of training the body. College works space in a much more fle xib le and detailed way. Although college students are more free than h igh school students in Ch ina, they are still under monitor and manage. The reason of it is two -fo ld: one is Ch inese students are more dependent on their parents than those western college students. They cannot solve the problems independently sometimes , because they are used to following the guides fro m parents and teachers year by year. The other is that Chinese parents and students are not willing to take the responsibility, but the university have to shoulder complete responsibility, when college students have any accidents unexpectedly. That is why universities in China have to monitor and control those students‟ behavior. Therefore, many p laces in ca mpus like panopticon raised by Foucault install mon itors, such as classroom, dormitory, gates of school, and the inside of the ca mpus. This enclosed, segmented campus is observed and monitored at every point. Then they would know where students are clearly when each individual has his own place. In addition, when students left campus, they have to report to their counselors and ask for leave. Counselors and ass istants would record their behavior and everything happened in college fro m day to day ,moth to month, year to year. Then stuff of university could really take students in control. Third, discipline offers up a form of micro -power,which easily ma kes the bodies become docile. School regulations, rules of dormitory, behavior of students are knowledge be taught by teachers in the co llege, wh ich is beneficia l to ma ke students accept the principles and be submissive. However, these disciplinary methods have long been in e xistence in university so that their bodies become shaped and docile. Therefore ,time -table, enclosure, a ll kinds of school discipline and regulations helps easily produce subjected and docile bodies. In college, fa mily, and society, students are being manoeuvred repeatedly for a long time, forming their bodies with the same stander. All these constitute a compact model of the disciplinary mechanis m. As Steve argues that “Discipline aims to mold and shape individuals to increase both their productive powers and their willingness to submit to authority in order to ensure the smooth functioning of society as a whole”[10]. Discipline is little things. Ho wever, as Foucault argues that “the meticulousness of the smallest frag ment of life and of the body will soon provide, in the context of the school, the barrac ks, the hospital or the workshop, a laic ized content, an economic or technical rationality for th is mystical ca lculus of the infinitesima l and the infin ite”[12]. The a im of discip line is to transfo rm, use, subject the body, making their bodies become submissive and docile. It is easier to let the docile body accept any sexual harassment. Academia should be pure and full of passion. It is recognized and la mented that academic se xual harassment is a s tain of some academic life in ca mp. Because of docile body, facing of sexual harassment by their teachers or leaders of university, Chinese college students dare not challenge the authority of teacher and resist, while usually choose to bear. IV. MICRO-POWER M icro-power proposed by Foucault means not the traditional centralized power, while is an automatic,mu ltip le, omnip resent and anonymous power spreading around the campus life of everyone. Its functioning is that of a network of re lations fro m top to bottom, but also to a certain e xtent from bottom to top and laterally. First, the harasser have power in college, so that their requests represent a kind of power, form mic ro -power around the students. Usually, the harasser in the context of academic sexual harassment is the professors or the leaders of the college.they have the right of deciding the distribution of benefits for students ,which forms mic ro-power for students . In China, the professors have a closed relationship with college students, especially graduates. For undergraduates, professors maybe just decide the performance and the score of one course, while for graduates, professors maybe control all their study life and career. They have right to train, conduct, evaluate, and recommend students. Most graduates are the assistants for help ing professors teaching and doing research. And the professors pay for the m in return. In this case, professors are also the boss of students. And the leaders have the specialized ad ministrative adjudication right. All these rights constitute a compact model of power, which is productive and beneficial for others known by everyone. Second, knowledge could change into a kind of micro-powe r. As Brad Elliott Stone noted in h is artic le Power that knowledge is itself the result of power relat ions. Terms that Foucault often use are like “power/ knowledge” and “truth - power”, which are not neutral a rbitrator between two conflicting powers. That is to say, knowledge is not neutral, so is power[13]. Knowledge is a form of power, delivering the thought of passer-on. Some professors or leaders offer up a new form of knowledge as a tool to pass on some message like this, “if students do not follow what teachers ask, they are not well-behaved students.” The knowledge‟s power forces students to adjust to the authority, gradually their bodies are trained and manipulated by authority. What is more , Ch inese regard respecting and submit to superiors as virtue. Who resist this virtue would therefore be essentially corrective. Those students would be isolated or revenged by professors or leaders. Third, Ch inese students hardly say no in the context that teachers are always supposed right. In Chinese society, teachers are supposed right, so that parents International Journal of Social Science and Humanity, Vol. 8, No. 11, November 2018 283 taught their children to submit to their teachers when they were kids. That is to say, most people in society believe in teachers and regard them as authority. In such case, students do not follow what teacher de mand, they would be regarded as challenge the authority, even the whole society. Therefore, students are in the grip of micro-powe r every mo ment, which imposed on them constrains and prohibitions. Because micro -power is around them, gradually they lose the thoughts of their own and dare not resist. V. CONCLUSION The current study has empirica lly analy zed the relationship between discipline power and micro -powe r by Foucault of academic se xual harassment in Ch inese college, and finds out that discipline power and micro -power have effect on Ch inese college students. These powers penetrate into college students, ma king them easier to accept as standard principle in daily life , then leading students to receive academic se xual harassment more easily or unconsciously. 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The major filed of the st udy is feminism and comparison bet ween east ern and west ern cult ure. She is also a lect urer in Guangdong University of Finance and Economics. Now, she had published three art icles about feminism. International Journal of Social Science and Humanity, Vol. 8, No. 11, November 2018 284 http://www.sohu.com/a/218019731_102079.