id sid tid token lemma pos dx-doi-org-4314 1 1 Maintaining maintain VBG dx-doi-org-4314 1 2 Momentum Momentum NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 3 Toward toward IN dx-doi-org-4314 1 4 Graduation Graduation NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 5 : : : dx-doi-org-4314 1 6 OER OER NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 7 and and CC dx-doi-org-4314 1 8 the the DT dx-doi-org-4314 1 9 Course Course NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 10 Throughput Throughput NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 11 Rate rate NN dx-doi-org-4314 1 12 | | NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 13 The the DT dx-doi-org-4314 1 14 International International NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 15 Review Review NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 16 of of IN dx-doi-org-4314 1 17 Research Research NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 18 in in IN dx-doi-org-4314 1 19 Open Open NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 20 and and CC dx-doi-org-4314 1 21 Distributed Distributed NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 22 Learning Learning NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 23 Skip Skip NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 24 to to IN dx-doi-org-4314 1 25 main main JJ dx-doi-org-4314 1 26 content content NN dx-doi-org-4314 1 27 Skip Skip NNS dx-doi-org-4314 1 28 to to IN dx-doi-org-4314 1 29 main main JJ dx-doi-org-4314 1 30 navigation navigation NN dx-doi-org-4314 1 31 menu menu NN dx-doi-org-4314 1 32 Skip Skip NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 33 to to TO dx-doi-org-4314 1 34 site site VB dx-doi-org-4314 1 35 footer footer NN dx-doi-org-4314 1 36 The the DT dx-doi-org-4314 1 37 International International NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 38 Review Review NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 39 of of IN dx-doi-org-4314 1 40 Research Research NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 41 in in IN dx-doi-org-4314 1 42 Open Open NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 43 and and CC dx-doi-org-4314 1 44 Distributed Distributed NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 45 Learning Learning NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 46 Home home RB dx-doi-org-4314 1 47 About about IN dx-doi-org-4314 1 48 About about IN dx-doi-org-4314 1 49 the the DT dx-doi-org-4314 1 50 Journal Journal NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 51 Submissions Submissions NNPS dx-doi-org-4314 1 52 Evidence Evidence NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 53 of of IN dx-doi-org-4314 1 54 Student Student NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 55 Achievement Achievement NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 56 Editorial Editorial NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 57 Team Team NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 58 Privacy Privacy NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 59 Statement Statement NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 60 Contact Contact NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 61 Current Current NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 62 Archives Archives NNPS dx-doi-org-4314 1 63 Resources Resources NNPS dx-doi-org-4314 1 64 Conferences Conferences NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 65 Search Search NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 66 Register Register NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 67 Search Search NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 68 Search Search NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 69 Register Register NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 70 Login Login NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 71 Home Home NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 72 / / SYM dx-doi-org-4314 1 73 Archives Archives NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 74 / / SYM dx-doi-org-4314 1 75 Vol Vol NNP dx-doi-org-4314 1 76 . . . dx-doi-org-4314 2 1 17 17 CD dx-doi-org-4314 2 2 No no UH dx-doi-org-4314 2 3 . . . dx-doi-org-4314 3 1 6 6 CD dx-doi-org-4314 3 2 ( ( -LRB- dx-doi-org-4314 3 3 2016 2016 CD dx-doi-org-4314 3 4 ) ) -RRB- dx-doi-org-4314 3 5 / / SYM dx-doi-org-4314 3 6 Research Research NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 7 Articles Articles NNPS dx-doi-org-4314 3 8 Maintaining Maintaining NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 9 Momentum Momentum NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 10 Toward toward IN dx-doi-org-4314 3 11 Graduation graduation NN dx-doi-org-4314 3 12 : : : dx-doi-org-4314 3 13 OER OER NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 14 and and CC dx-doi-org-4314 3 15 the the DT dx-doi-org-4314 3 16 Course Course NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 17 Throughput Throughput NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 18 Rate rate NN dx-doi-org-4314 3 19 John John NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 20 Levi Levi NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 21 Hilton Hilton NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 22 III III NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 23 Brigham Brigham NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 24 Young Young NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 25 University University NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 26 Lane Lane NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 27 Fischer Fischer NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 28 Brigham Brigham NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 29 Young Young NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 30 University University NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 31 David David NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 32 Wiley Wiley NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 33 Brigham Brigham NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 34 Young Young NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 35 University University NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 36 Linda Linda NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 37 William William NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 38 Tidewater Tidewater NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 39 Community Community NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 40 College College NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 41 DOI DOI NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 42 : : : dx-doi-org-4314 3 43 https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v17i6.2686 https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v17i6.2686 NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 44 Keywords Keywords NNPS dx-doi-org-4314 3 45 : : : dx-doi-org-4314 3 46 open open JJ dx-doi-org-4314 3 47 educational educational JJ dx-doi-org-4314 3 48 resources resource NNS dx-doi-org-4314 3 49 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 3 50 computers computer NNS dx-doi-org-4314 3 51 in in IN dx-doi-org-4314 3 52 education education NN dx-doi-org-4314 3 53 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 3 54 textbooks textbook NNS dx-doi-org-4314 3 55 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 3 56 financing finance VBG dx-doi-org-4314 3 57 education education NN dx-doi-org-4314 3 58 Abstract Abstract NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 59 Open Open NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 60 Educational Educational NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 61 Resources Resources NNPS dx-doi-org-4314 3 62 ( ( -LRB- dx-doi-org-4314 3 63 OER OER NNP dx-doi-org-4314 3 64 ) ) -RRB- dx-doi-org-4314 3 65 have have VBP dx-doi-org-4314 3 66 the the DT dx-doi-org-4314 3 67 potential potential NN dx-doi-org-4314 3 68 to to TO dx-doi-org-4314 3 69 replace replace VB dx-doi-org-4314 3 70 traditional traditional JJ dx-doi-org-4314 3 71 textbooks textbook NNS dx-doi-org-4314 3 72 in in IN dx-doi-org-4314 3 73 higher high JJR dx-doi-org-4314 3 74 education education NN dx-doi-org-4314 3 75 . . . dx-doi-org-4314 4 1 Previous previous JJ dx-doi-org-4314 4 2 studies study NNS dx-doi-org-4314 4 3 indicate indicate VBP dx-doi-org-4314 4 4 that that IN dx-doi-org-4314 4 5 use use NN dx-doi-org-4314 4 6 of of IN dx-doi-org-4314 4 7 OER OER NNP dx-doi-org-4314 4 8 results result NNS dx-doi-org-4314 4 9 in in IN dx-doi-org-4314 4 10 high high JJ dx-doi-org-4314 4 11 student student NN dx-doi-org-4314 4 12 and and CC dx-doi-org-4314 4 13 faculty faculty NN dx-doi-org-4314 4 14 satisfaction satisfaction NN dx-doi-org-4314 4 15 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 4 16 lower low JJR dx-doi-org-4314 4 17 costs cost NNS dx-doi-org-4314 4 18 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 4 19 and and CC dx-doi-org-4314 4 20 similar similar JJ dx-doi-org-4314 4 21 or or CC dx-doi-org-4314 4 22 better well JJR dx-doi-org-4314 4 23 educational educational JJ dx-doi-org-4314 4 24 outcomes outcome NNS dx-doi-org-4314 4 25 . . . dx-doi-org-4314 5 1 In in IN dx-doi-org-4314 5 2 this this DT dx-doi-org-4314 5 3 case case NN dx-doi-org-4314 5 4 study study NN dx-doi-org-4314 5 5 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 5 6 we -PRON- PRP dx-doi-org-4314 5 7 compared compare VBD dx-doi-org-4314 5 8 students student NNS dx-doi-org-4314 5 9 using use VBG dx-doi-org-4314 5 10 traditional traditional JJ dx-doi-org-4314 5 11 textbooks textbook NNS dx-doi-org-4314 5 12 with with IN dx-doi-org-4314 5 13 those those DT dx-doi-org-4314 5 14 using use VBG dx-doi-org-4314 5 15 OER OER NNP dx-doi-org-4314 5 16 at at IN dx-doi-org-4314 5 17 Tidewater Tidewater NNP dx-doi-org-4314 5 18 Community Community NNP dx-doi-org-4314 5 19 College College NNP dx-doi-org-4314 5 20 to to TO dx-doi-org-4314 5 21 compare compare VB dx-doi-org-4314 5 22 their -PRON- PRP$ dx-doi-org-4314 5 23 performance performance NN dx-doi-org-4314 5 24 on on IN dx-doi-org-4314 5 25 what what WP dx-doi-org-4314 5 26 we -PRON- PRP dx-doi-org-4314 5 27 call call VBP dx-doi-org-4314 5 28 course course NN dx-doi-org-4314 5 29 throughput throughput NN dx-doi-org-4314 5 30 rates rate NNS dx-doi-org-4314 5 31 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 5 32 which which WDT dx-doi-org-4314 5 33 is be VBZ dx-doi-org-4314 5 34 an an DT dx-doi-org-4314 5 35 aggregate aggregate NN dx-doi-org-4314 5 36 of of IN dx-doi-org-4314 5 37 three three CD dx-doi-org-4314 5 38 variables variable NNS dx-doi-org-4314 5 39 – – : dx-doi-org-4314 5 40 drop drop NN dx-doi-org-4314 5 41 rates rate NNS dx-doi-org-4314 5 42 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 5 43 withdrawal withdrawal NN dx-doi-org-4314 5 44 rates rate NNS dx-doi-org-4314 5 45 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 5 46 and and CC dx-doi-org-4314 5 47 C c NN dx-doi-org-4314 5 48 or or CC dx-doi-org-4314 5 49 better well JJR dx-doi-org-4314 5 50 rates rate NNS dx-doi-org-4314 5 51 . . . dx-doi-org-4314 6 1 Two two CD dx-doi-org-4314 6 2 self self NN dx-doi-org-4314 6 3 - - HYPH dx-doi-org-4314 6 4 selecting select VBG dx-doi-org-4314 6 5 cohorts cohort NNS dx-doi-org-4314 6 6 were be VBD dx-doi-org-4314 6 7 compared compare VBN dx-doi-org-4314 6 8 over over IN dx-doi-org-4314 6 9 four four CD dx-doi-org-4314 6 10 semesters semester NNS dx-doi-org-4314 6 11 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 6 12 with with IN dx-doi-org-4314 6 13 statistically statistically RB dx-doi-org-4314 6 14 significant significant JJ dx-doi-org-4314 6 15 results result NNS dx-doi-org-4314 6 16 . . . dx-doi-org-4314 7 1 The the DT dx-doi-org-4314 7 2 study study NN dx-doi-org-4314 7 3 found find VBD dx-doi-org-4314 7 4 that that IN dx-doi-org-4314 7 5 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 7 6 subject subject JJ dx-doi-org-4314 7 7 to to IN dx-doi-org-4314 7 8 the the DT dx-doi-org-4314 7 9 limitations limitation NNS dx-doi-org-4314 7 10 discussed discuss VBN dx-doi-org-4314 7 11 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 7 12 students student NNS dx-doi-org-4314 7 13 who who WP dx-doi-org-4314 7 14 use use VBP dx-doi-org-4314 7 15 OER OER NNP dx-doi-org-4314 7 16 perform perform VBP dx-doi-org-4314 7 17 significantly significantly RB dx-doi-org-4314 7 18 better well RBR dx-doi-org-4314 7 19 on on IN dx-doi-org-4314 7 20 the the DT dx-doi-org-4314 7 21 course course NN dx-doi-org-4314 7 22 throughput throughput NN dx-doi-org-4314 7 23 rate rate NN dx-doi-org-4314 7 24 than than IN dx-doi-org-4314 7 25 their -PRON- PRP$ dx-doi-org-4314 7 26 peers peer NNS dx-doi-org-4314 7 27 who who WP dx-doi-org-4314 7 28 use use VBP dx-doi-org-4314 7 29 traditional traditional JJ dx-doi-org-4314 7 30 textbooks textbook NNS dx-doi-org-4314 7 31 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 7 32 in in IN dx-doi-org-4314 7 33 both both DT dx-doi-org-4314 7 34 face face NN dx-doi-org-4314 7 35 - - HYPH dx-doi-org-4314 7 36 to to IN dx-doi-org-4314 7 37 - - HYPH dx-doi-org-4314 7 38 face face NN dx-doi-org-4314 7 39 and and CC dx-doi-org-4314 7 40 online online JJ dx-doi-org-4314 7 41 courses course NNS dx-doi-org-4314 7 42 that that WDT dx-doi-org-4314 7 43 use use VBP dx-doi-org-4314 7 44 OER OER NNP dx-doi-org-4314 7 45 . . . dx-doi-org-4314 8 1 This this DT dx-doi-org-4314 8 2 suggests suggest VBZ dx-doi-org-4314 8 3 that that IN dx-doi-org-4314 8 4 OER OER NNP dx-doi-org-4314 8 5 are be VBP dx-doi-org-4314 8 6 a a DT dx-doi-org-4314 8 7 promising promising JJ dx-doi-org-4314 8 8 avenue avenue NN dx-doi-org-4314 8 9 for for IN dx-doi-org-4314 8 10 reducing reduce VBG dx-doi-org-4314 8 11 the the DT dx-doi-org-4314 8 12 costs cost NNS dx-doi-org-4314 8 13 of of IN dx-doi-org-4314 8 14 higher high JJR dx-doi-org-4314 8 15 education education NN dx-doi-org-4314 8 16 while while IN dx-doi-org-4314 8 17 increasing increase VBG dx-doi-org-4314 8 18 academic academic JJ dx-doi-org-4314 8 19 success success NN dx-doi-org-4314 8 20 . . . dx-doi-org-4314 9 1 Author author NN dx-doi-org-4314 9 2 Biographies Biographies NNPS dx-doi-org-4314 9 3 John John NNP dx-doi-org-4314 9 4 Levi Levi NNP dx-doi-org-4314 9 5 Hilton Hilton NNP dx-doi-org-4314 9 6 III III NNP dx-doi-org-4314 9 7 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 9 8 Brigham Brigham NNP dx-doi-org-4314 9 9 Young Young NNP dx-doi-org-4314 9 10 University University NNP dx-doi-org-4314 9 11 John John NNP dx-doi-org-4314 9 12 Hilton Hilton NNP dx-doi-org-4314 9 13 III III NNP dx-doi-org-4314 9 14 is be VBZ dx-doi-org-4314 9 15 a a DT dx-doi-org-4314 9 16 an an DT dx-doi-org-4314 9 17 Assistant Assistant NNP dx-doi-org-4314 9 18 Professor Professor NNP dx-doi-org-4314 9 19 of of IN dx-doi-org-4314 9 20 Ancient Ancient NNP dx-doi-org-4314 9 21 Scripture Scripture NNP dx-doi-org-4314 9 22 at at IN dx-doi-org-4314 9 23 Brigham Brigham NNP dx-doi-org-4314 9 24 Young Young NNP dx-doi-org-4314 9 25 University University NNP dx-doi-org-4314 9 26 . . . dx-doi-org-4314 10 1 Lane Lane NNP dx-doi-org-4314 10 2 Fischer Fischer NNP dx-doi-org-4314 10 3 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 10 4 Brigham Brigham NNP dx-doi-org-4314 10 5 Young Young NNP dx-doi-org-4314 10 6 University University NNP dx-doi-org-4314 10 7 Lane Lane NNP dx-doi-org-4314 10 8 Fischer Fischer NNP dx-doi-org-4314 10 9 is be VBZ dx-doi-org-4314 10 10 an an DT dx-doi-org-4314 10 11 Associate associate JJ dx-doi-org-4314 10 12 Professor professor NN dx-doi-org-4314 10 13 of of IN dx-doi-org-4314 10 14 Counseling Counseling NNP dx-doi-org-4314 10 15 Psychology Psychology NNP dx-doi-org-4314 10 16 and and CC dx-doi-org-4314 10 17 Special Special NNP dx-doi-org-4314 10 18 Education Education NNP dx-doi-org-4314 10 19 at at IN dx-doi-org-4314 10 20 Brigham Brigham NNP dx-doi-org-4314 10 21 Young Young NNP dx-doi-org-4314 10 22 University University NNP dx-doi-org-4314 10 23 . . . dx-doi-org-4314 11 1 David David NNP dx-doi-org-4314 11 2 Wiley Wiley NNP dx-doi-org-4314 11 3 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 11 4 Brigham Brigham NNP dx-doi-org-4314 11 5 Young Young NNP dx-doi-org-4314 11 6 University University NNP dx-doi-org-4314 11 7 David David NNP dx-doi-org-4314 11 8 Wiley Wiley NNP dx-doi-org-4314 11 9 is be VBZ dx-doi-org-4314 11 10 an an DT dx-doi-org-4314 11 11 adjunct adjunct JJ dx-doi-org-4314 11 12 faculty faculty NN dx-doi-org-4314 11 13 member member NN dx-doi-org-4314 11 14 at at IN dx-doi-org-4314 11 15 Brigham Brigham NNP dx-doi-org-4314 11 16 Young Young NNP dx-doi-org-4314 11 17 University University NNP dx-doi-org-4314 11 18 and and CC dx-doi-org-4314 11 19 the the DT dx-doi-org-4314 11 20 Chief Chief NNP dx-doi-org-4314 11 21 Academic Academic NNP dx-doi-org-4314 11 22 Officer Officer NNP dx-doi-org-4314 11 23 of of IN dx-doi-org-4314 11 24 Lumen Lumen NNP dx-doi-org-4314 11 25 Learning Learning NNP dx-doi-org-4314 11 26 Linda Linda NNP dx-doi-org-4314 11 27 William William NNP dx-doi-org-4314 11 28 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 11 29 Tidewater Tidewater NNP dx-doi-org-4314 11 30 Community Community NNP dx-doi-org-4314 11 31 College College NNP dx-doi-org-4314 11 32 Linda Linda NNP dx-doi-org-4314 11 33 Williams Williams NNP dx-doi-org-4314 11 34 is be VBZ dx-doi-org-4314 11 35 a a DT dx-doi-org-4314 11 36 professor professor NN dx-doi-org-4314 11 37 of of IN dx-doi-org-4314 11 38 business business NN dx-doi-org-4314 11 39 at at IN dx-doi-org-4314 11 40 Tidewater Tidewater NNP dx-doi-org-4314 11 41 Community Community NNP dx-doi-org-4314 11 42 College College NNP dx-doi-org-4314 11 43 . . . dx-doi-org-4314 12 1 HTML html NN dx-doi-org-4314 12 2 PDF PDF NNP dx-doi-org-4314 12 3 MP3 MP3 NNP dx-doi-org-4314 12 4 EPUB epub NN dx-doi-org-4314 12 5 Published publish VBN dx-doi-org-4314 12 6 2016 2016 CD dx-doi-org-4314 12 7 - - SYM dx-doi-org-4314 12 8 12 12 CD dx-doi-org-4314 12 9 - - HYPH dx-doi-org-4314 12 10 06 06 CD dx-doi-org-4314 12 11 How how WRB dx-doi-org-4314 12 12 to to IN dx-doi-org-4314 12 13 Cite Cite NNP dx-doi-org-4314 12 14 Hilton Hilton NNP dx-doi-org-4314 12 15 III III NNP dx-doi-org-4314 12 16 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 12 17 J. J. NNP dx-doi-org-4314 12 18 L. L. NNP dx-doi-org-4314 12 19 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 12 20 Fischer Fischer NNP dx-doi-org-4314 12 21 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 12 22 L. L. NNP dx-doi-org-4314 12 23 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 12 24 Wiley Wiley NNP dx-doi-org-4314 12 25 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 12 26 D. D. NNP dx-doi-org-4314 12 27 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 12 28 & & CC dx-doi-org-4314 12 29 William William NNP dx-doi-org-4314 12 30 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 12 31 L. L. NNP dx-doi-org-4314 12 32 ( ( -LRB- dx-doi-org-4314 12 33 2016 2016 CD dx-doi-org-4314 12 34 ) ) -RRB- dx-doi-org-4314 12 35 . . . dx-doi-org-4314 13 1 Maintaining maintain VBG dx-doi-org-4314 13 2 Momentum Momentum NNP dx-doi-org-4314 13 3 Toward toward IN dx-doi-org-4314 13 4 Graduation Graduation NNP dx-doi-org-4314 13 5 : : : dx-doi-org-4314 13 6 OER OER NNP dx-doi-org-4314 13 7 and and CC dx-doi-org-4314 13 8 the the DT dx-doi-org-4314 13 9 Course Course NNP dx-doi-org-4314 13 10 Throughput Throughput NNP dx-doi-org-4314 13 11 Rate rate NN dx-doi-org-4314 13 12 . . . dx-doi-org-4314 14 1 The the DT dx-doi-org-4314 14 2 International International NNP dx-doi-org-4314 14 3 Review Review NNP dx-doi-org-4314 14 4 of of IN dx-doi-org-4314 14 5 Research Research NNP dx-doi-org-4314 14 6 in in IN dx-doi-org-4314 14 7 Open Open NNP dx-doi-org-4314 14 8 and and CC dx-doi-org-4314 14 9 Distributed Distributed NNP dx-doi-org-4314 14 10 Learning Learning NNP dx-doi-org-4314 14 11 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 14 12 17(6 17(6 CD dx-doi-org-4314 14 13 ) ) -RRB- dx-doi-org-4314 14 14 . . . dx-doi-org-4314 15 1 https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v17i6.2686 https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v17i6.2686 NNP dx-doi-org-4314 15 2 More More JJR dx-doi-org-4314 15 3 Citation Citation NNP dx-doi-org-4314 15 4 Formats Formats NNPS dx-doi-org-4314 15 5 ACM ACM NNP dx-doi-org-4314 15 6 ACS ACS NNP dx-doi-org-4314 15 7 APA apa NN dx-doi-org-4314 15 8 ABNT ABNT NNP dx-doi-org-4314 15 9 Chicago Chicago NNP dx-doi-org-4314 15 10 Harvard Harvard NNP dx-doi-org-4314 15 11 IEEE IEEE NNP dx-doi-org-4314 15 12 MLA MLA NNP dx-doi-org-4314 15 13 Turabian Turabian NNP dx-doi-org-4314 15 14 Vancouver Vancouver NNP dx-doi-org-4314 15 15 Download Download NNP dx-doi-org-4314 15 16 Citation Citation NNP dx-doi-org-4314 15 17 Endnote Endnote NNP dx-doi-org-4314 15 18 / / SYM dx-doi-org-4314 15 19 Zotero Zotero NNP dx-doi-org-4314 15 20 / / SYM dx-doi-org-4314 15 21 Mendeley Mendeley NNP dx-doi-org-4314 15 22 ( ( -LRB- dx-doi-org-4314 15 23 RIS RIS NNP dx-doi-org-4314 15 24 ) ) -RRB- dx-doi-org-4314 15 25 BibTeX BibTeX NNP dx-doi-org-4314 15 26 Issue Issue NNP dx-doi-org-4314 15 27 Vol Vol NNP dx-doi-org-4314 15 28 . . . dx-doi-org-4314 16 1 17 17 CD dx-doi-org-4314 16 2 No no UH dx-doi-org-4314 16 3 . . . dx-doi-org-4314 17 1 6 6 CD dx-doi-org-4314 17 2 ( ( -LRB- dx-doi-org-4314 17 3 2016 2016 CD dx-doi-org-4314 17 4 ) ) -RRB- dx-doi-org-4314 17 5 Section Section NNP dx-doi-org-4314 17 6 Research Research NNP dx-doi-org-4314 17 7 Articles Articles NNP dx-doi-org-4314 17 8 Copyright Copyright NNP dx-doi-org-4314 17 9 ( ( -LRB- dx-doi-org-4314 17 10 c c NN dx-doi-org-4314 17 11 ) ) -RRB- dx-doi-org-4314 17 12 2016 2016 CD dx-doi-org-4314 17 13 John John NNP dx-doi-org-4314 17 14 Levi Levi NNP dx-doi-org-4314 17 15 Hilton Hilton NNP dx-doi-org-4314 17 16 III III NNP dx-doi-org-4314 17 17 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 17 18 Lane Lane NNP dx-doi-org-4314 17 19 Fischer Fischer NNP dx-doi-org-4314 17 20 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 17 21 David David NNP dx-doi-org-4314 17 22 Wiley Wiley NNP dx-doi-org-4314 17 23 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 17 24 Linda Linda NNP dx-doi-org-4314 17 25 William William NNP dx-doi-org-4314 17 26 This this DT dx-doi-org-4314 17 27 work work NN dx-doi-org-4314 17 28 is be VBZ dx-doi-org-4314 17 29 licensed license VBN dx-doi-org-4314 17 30 under under IN dx-doi-org-4314 17 31 a a DT dx-doi-org-4314 17 32 Creative Creative NNP dx-doi-org-4314 17 33 Commons Commons NNP dx-doi-org-4314 17 34 Attribution Attribution NNP dx-doi-org-4314 17 35 4.0 4.0 CD dx-doi-org-4314 17 36 International International NNP dx-doi-org-4314 17 37 License License NNP dx-doi-org-4314 17 38 . . . dx-doi-org-4314 18 1 This this DT dx-doi-org-4314 18 2 work work NN dx-doi-org-4314 18 3 is be VBZ dx-doi-org-4314 18 4 licensed license VBN dx-doi-org-4314 18 5 under under IN dx-doi-org-4314 18 6 a a DT dx-doi-org-4314 18 7 Creative Creative NNP dx-doi-org-4314 18 8 Commons Commons NNP dx-doi-org-4314 18 9 Attribution Attribution NNP dx-doi-org-4314 18 10   _SP dx-doi-org-4314 18 11 4.0 4.0 CD dx-doi-org-4314 18 12 International International NNP dx-doi-org-4314 18 13 Licence Licence NNP dx-doi-org-4314 18 14 . . . dx-doi-org-4314 19 1 The the DT dx-doi-org-4314 19 2 copyright copyright NN dx-doi-org-4314 19 3 of of IN dx-doi-org-4314 19 4 all all DT dx-doi-org-4314 19 5 content content NN dx-doi-org-4314 19 6 published publish VBN dx-doi-org-4314 19 7 in in IN dx-doi-org-4314 19 8 IRRODL IRRODL NNP dx-doi-org-4314 19 9 is be VBZ dx-doi-org-4314 19 10 retained retain VBN dx-doi-org-4314 19 11 by by IN dx-doi-org-4314 19 12 the the DT dx-doi-org-4314 19 13 authors author NNS dx-doi-org-4314 19 14 . . . dx-doi-org-4314 20 1 This this DT dx-doi-org-4314 20 2 copyright copyright NN dx-doi-org-4314 20 3 agreement agreement NN dx-doi-org-4314 20 4 and and CC dx-doi-org-4314 20 5 use use VBP dx-doi-org-4314 20 6 license license NN dx-doi-org-4314 20 7 ensures ensure NNS dx-doi-org-4314 20 8 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 20 9 among among IN dx-doi-org-4314 20 10 other other JJ dx-doi-org-4314 20 11 things thing NNS dx-doi-org-4314 20 12 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 20 13 that that IN dx-doi-org-4314 20 14 an an DT dx-doi-org-4314 20 15 article article NN dx-doi-org-4314 20 16 will will MD dx-doi-org-4314 20 17 be be VB dx-doi-org-4314 20 18 as as RB dx-doi-org-4314 20 19 widely widely RB dx-doi-org-4314 20 20 distributed distribute VBN dx-doi-org-4314 20 21 as as IN dx-doi-org-4314 20 22 possible possible JJ dx-doi-org-4314 20 23 and and CC dx-doi-org-4314 20 24 that that IN dx-doi-org-4314 20 25 the the DT dx-doi-org-4314 20 26 article article NN dx-doi-org-4314 20 27 can can MD dx-doi-org-4314 20 28 be be VB dx-doi-org-4314 20 29 included include VBN dx-doi-org-4314 20 30 in in IN dx-doi-org-4314 20 31 any any DT dx-doi-org-4314 20 32 scientific scientific JJ dx-doi-org-4314 20 33 and/or and/or CC dx-doi-org-4314 20 34 scholarly scholarly JJ dx-doi-org-4314 20 35 archive archive NN dx-doi-org-4314 20 36 . . . dx-doi-org-4314 21 1 You -PRON- PRP dx-doi-org-4314 21 2 are be VBP dx-doi-org-4314 21 3 free free JJ dx-doi-org-4314 21 4 to to TO dx-doi-org-4314 21 5 Share share VB dx-doi-org-4314 21 6 — — : dx-doi-org-4314 21 7 copy copy VB dx-doi-org-4314 21 8 and and CC dx-doi-org-4314 21 9 redistribute redistribute VB dx-doi-org-4314 21 10 the the DT dx-doi-org-4314 21 11 material material NN dx-doi-org-4314 21 12 in in IN dx-doi-org-4314 21 13 any any DT dx-doi-org-4314 21 14 medium medium NN dx-doi-org-4314 21 15 or or CC dx-doi-org-4314 21 16 format format NN dx-doi-org-4314 21 17 Adapt Adapt NNS dx-doi-org-4314 21 18 — — : dx-doi-org-4314 21 19 remix remix NN dx-doi-org-4314 21 20 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 21 21 transform transform NN dx-doi-org-4314 21 22 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 21 23 and and CC dx-doi-org-4314 21 24 build build VB dx-doi-org-4314 21 25 upon upon IN dx-doi-org-4314 21 26 the the DT dx-doi-org-4314 21 27 material material NN dx-doi-org-4314 21 28 for for IN dx-doi-org-4314 21 29 any any DT dx-doi-org-4314 21 30 purpose purpose NN dx-doi-org-4314 21 31 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 21 32 even even RB dx-doi-org-4314 21 33 commercially commercially RB dx-doi-org-4314 21 34 . . . dx-doi-org-4314 22 1 The the DT dx-doi-org-4314 22 2 licensor licensor NN dx-doi-org-4314 22 3 can can MD dx-doi-org-4314 22 4 not not RB dx-doi-org-4314 22 5 revoke revoke VB dx-doi-org-4314 22 6 these these DT dx-doi-org-4314 22 7 freedoms freedom NNS dx-doi-org-4314 22 8 as as RB dx-doi-org-4314 22 9 long long RB dx-doi-org-4314 22 10 as as IN dx-doi-org-4314 22 11 you -PRON- PRP dx-doi-org-4314 22 12 follow follow VBP dx-doi-org-4314 22 13 the the DT dx-doi-org-4314 22 14 license license NN dx-doi-org-4314 22 15 terms term NNS dx-doi-org-4314 22 16 below below RB dx-doi-org-4314 22 17 : : : dx-doi-org-4314 22 18   _SP dx-doi-org-4314 22 19 Attribution attribution NN dx-doi-org-4314 22 20 — — : dx-doi-org-4314 22 21 You -PRON- PRP dx-doi-org-4314 22 22 must must MD dx-doi-org-4314 22 23 give give VB dx-doi-org-4314 22 24 appropriate appropriate JJ dx-doi-org-4314 22 25 credit credit NN dx-doi-org-4314 22 26 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 22 27 provide provide VB dx-doi-org-4314 22 28 a a DT dx-doi-org-4314 22 29 link link NN dx-doi-org-4314 22 30 to to IN dx-doi-org-4314 22 31 the the DT dx-doi-org-4314 22 32 license license NN dx-doi-org-4314 22 33 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 22 34 and and CC dx-doi-org-4314 22 35 indicate indicate VBP dx-doi-org-4314 22 36 if if IN dx-doi-org-4314 22 37 changes change NNS dx-doi-org-4314 22 38 were be VBD dx-doi-org-4314 22 39 made make VBN dx-doi-org-4314 22 40 . . . dx-doi-org-4314 23 1 You -PRON- PRP dx-doi-org-4314 23 2 may may MD dx-doi-org-4314 23 3 do do VB dx-doi-org-4314 23 4 so so RB dx-doi-org-4314 23 5 in in IN dx-doi-org-4314 23 6 any any DT dx-doi-org-4314 23 7 reasonable reasonable JJ dx-doi-org-4314 23 8 manner manner NN dx-doi-org-4314 23 9 , , , dx-doi-org-4314 23 10 but but CC dx-doi-org-4314 23 11 not not RB dx-doi-org-4314 23 12 in in IN dx-doi-org-4314 23 13 any any DT dx-doi-org-4314 23 14 way way NN dx-doi-org-4314 23 15 that that WDT dx-doi-org-4314 23 16 suggests suggest VBZ dx-doi-org-4314 23 17 the the DT dx-doi-org-4314 23 18 licensor licensor NN dx-doi-org-4314 23 19 endorses endorse VBZ dx-doi-org-4314 23 20 you -PRON- PRP dx-doi-org-4314 23 21 or or CC dx-doi-org-4314 23 22 your -PRON- PRP$ dx-doi-org-4314 23 23 use use NN dx-doi-org-4314 23 24 . . . dx-doi-org-4314 24 1 No no DT dx-doi-org-4314 24 2 additional additional JJ dx-doi-org-4314 24 3 restrictions restriction NNS dx-doi-org-4314 24 4 — — : dx-doi-org-4314 24 5 You -PRON- PRP dx-doi-org-4314 24 6 may may MD dx-doi-org-4314 24 7 not not RB dx-doi-org-4314 24 8 apply apply VB dx-doi-org-4314 24 9 legal legal JJ dx-doi-org-4314 24 10 terms term NNS dx-doi-org-4314 24 11 or or CC dx-doi-org-4314 24 12 technological technological JJ dx-doi-org-4314 24 13 measures measure NNS dx-doi-org-4314 24 14 that that WDT dx-doi-org-4314 24 15 legally legally RB dx-doi-org-4314 24 16 restrict restrict VBP dx-doi-org-4314 24 17 others other NNS dx-doi-org-4314 24 18 from from IN dx-doi-org-4314 24 19 doing do VBG dx-doi-org-4314 24 20 anything anything NN dx-doi-org-4314 24 21 the the DT dx-doi-org-4314 24 22 license license NN dx-doi-org-4314 24 23 permits permit NNS dx-doi-org-4314 24 24 . . . dx-doi-org-4314 25 1 Formerly formerly RB dx-doi-org-4314 25 2 named name VBN dx-doi-org-4314 25 3 the the DT dx-doi-org-4314 25 4 International International NNP dx-doi-org-4314 25 5 Review Review NNP dx-doi-org-4314 25 6 of of IN dx-doi-org-4314 25 7 Research Research NNP dx-doi-org-4314 25 8 in in IN dx-doi-org-4314 25 9 Open Open NNP dx-doi-org-4314 25 10 and and CC dx-doi-org-4314 25 11   _SP dx-doi-org-4314 25 12 Distance distance NN dx-doi-org-4314 25 13   _SP dx-doi-org-4314 25 14 Learning Learning NNP dx-doi-org-4314 25 15 . . . dx-doi-org-4314 26 1 SSCI SSCI NNP dx-doi-org-4314 26 2 impact impact NN dx-doi-org-4314 26 3 factor factor NN dx-doi-org-4314 26 4 of of IN dx-doi-org-4314 26 5 0.734 0.734 CD dx-doi-org-4314 26 6 with with IN dx-doi-org-4314 26 7 a a DT dx-doi-org-4314 26 8 H5 H5 NNP dx-doi-org-4314 26 9 index index NN dx-doi-org-4314 26 10 of of IN dx-doi-org-4314 26 11 36 36 CD dx-doi-org-4314 26 12 . . . dx-doi-org-4314 27 1 ISSN issn NN dx-doi-org-4314 27 2 : : : dx-doi-org-4314 27 3 1492 1492 CD dx-doi-org-4314 27 4 - - SYM dx-doi-org-4314 27 5 3831 3831 CD dx-doi-org-4314 27 6 Editor Editor NNP dx-doi-org-4314 27 7 - - HYPH dx-doi-org-4314 27 8 in in IN dx-doi-org-4314 27 9 - - HYPH dx-doi-org-4314 27 10 Chief chief NN dx-doi-org-4314 27 11 : : : dx-doi-org-4314 27 12 Rory Rory NNP dx-doi-org-4314 27 13 McGreal McGreal NNP dx-doi-org-4314 27 14 Associate Associate NNP dx-doi-org-4314 27 15 Editors Editors NNPS dx-doi-org-4314 27 16 : : : dx-doi-org-4314 27 17 Connie Connie NNP dx-doi-org-4314 27 18 Blomgren Blomgren NNP dx-doi-org-4314 27 19 Dietmar Dietmar NNP dx-doi-org-4314 27 20 Kennepohl Kennepohl NNP dx-doi-org-4314 27 21 Subscribe Subscribe NNP dx-doi-org-4314 27 22 to to IN dx-doi-org-4314 27 23 Mailing Mailing NNP dx-doi-org-4314 27 24 List List NNP dx-doi-org-4314 27 25 : : : dx-doi-org-4314 27 26     _SP dx-doi-org-4314 27 27 Information information NN dx-doi-org-4314 27 28 For for IN dx-doi-org-4314 27 29 Readers reader NNS dx-doi-org-4314 27 30 For for IN dx-doi-org-4314 27 31 Authors author NNS dx-doi-org-4314 27 32 For for IN dx-doi-org-4314 27 33 Reviewers Reviewers NNPS dx-doi-org-4314 27 34 For for IN dx-doi-org-4314 27 35 Librarians Librarians NNPS dx-doi-org-4314 27 36 IRRODL IRRODL NNP dx-doi-org-4314 27 37 INDEXING INDEXING NNP dx-doi-org-4314 27 38 SCOPUS SCOPUS NNP dx-doi-org-4314 27 39 Thompson Thompson NNP dx-doi-org-4314 27 40 Reuters Reuters NNP dx-doi-org-4314 27 41 : : : dx-doi-org-4314 27 42 Social Social NNP dx-doi-org-4314 27 43 Sciences Sciences NNPS dx-doi-org-4314 27 44 Citation Citation NNP dx-doi-org-4314 27 45 Index Index NNP dx-doi-org-4314 27 46 Cabell Cabell NNP dx-doi-org-4314 27 47 Publishing Publishing NNP dx-doi-org-4314 27 48 Inc. Inc. NNP dx-doi-org-4314 27 49 DOAJ DOAJ VBD dx-doi-org-4314 27 50 EBSCOhost EBSCOhost NNP dx-doi-org-4314 27 51 ERIC ERIC NNP dx-doi-org-4314 27 52 ERIH ERIH NNP dx-doi-org-4314 27 53 PLUS PLUS NNP dx-doi-org-4314 27 54 Érudit Érudit NNP dx-doi-org-4314 27 55 Google Google NNP dx-doi-org-4314 27 56 Scholar Scholar NNP dx-doi-org-4314 27 57 H.W. H.W. NNP dx-doi-org-4314 28 1 Wilson Wilson NNP dx-doi-org-4314 28 2 Company Company NNP dx-doi-org-4314 28 3 Index Index NNP dx-doi-org-4314 28 4 Copernicus Copernicus NNP dx-doi-org-4314 28 5 International International NNP dx-doi-org-4314 28 6 OCLC OCLC NNP dx-doi-org-4314 28 7 Education Education NNP dx-doi-org-4314 28 8 Index Index NNP dx-doi-org-4314 28 9 ProQuest ProQuest NNP dx-doi-org-4314 28 10 Taylor Taylor NNP dx-doi-org-4314 28 11 & & CC dx-doi-org-4314 28 12 Francis Francis NNP dx-doi-org-4314 28 13 Ulrich Ulrich NNP dx-doi-org-4314 28 14 's 's POS dx-doi-org-4314 28 15 Web web NN dx-doi-org-4314 28 16 OUR our PRP$ dx-doi-org-4314 28 17 SPONSORS SPONSORS NNP dx-doi-org-4314 28 18 Athabasca Athabasca NNP dx-doi-org-4314 28 19 University University NNP dx-doi-org-4314 28 20 AU AU NNP dx-doi-org-4314 28 21 Press Press NNP dx-doi-org-4314 28 22 SSHRC SSHRC VBD dx-doi-org-4314 28 23 INFORMATION information NN dx-doi-org-4314 28 24 For for IN dx-doi-org-4314 28 25 Readers reader NNS dx-doi-org-4314 28 26 For for IN dx-doi-org-4314 28 27 Authors author NNS dx-doi-org-4314 28 28 For for IN dx-doi-org-4314 28 29 Librarians Librarians NNPS dx-doi-org-4314 28 30 Open open VBP dx-doi-org-4314 28 31 Access access NN dx-doi-org-4314 28 32 Policy policy NN dx-doi-org-4314 28 33 About about IN dx-doi-org-4314 28 34 Open Open NNP dx-doi-org-4314 28 35 Journal Journal NNP dx-doi-org-4314 28 36 Systems Systems NNPS dx-doi-org-4314 28 37 STAY STAY NNP dx-doi-org-4314 28 38 CONNECTED connect VBN dx-doi-org-4314 28 39 RSS RSS NNP dx-doi-org-4314 28 40 2.0 2.0 CD dx-doi-org-4314 28 41 ( ( -LRB- dx-doi-org-4314 28 42 current current JJ dx-doi-org-4314 28 43 issue issue NN dx-doi-org-4314 28 44 ) ) -RRB- dx-doi-org-4314 28 45 RSS RSS NNP dx-doi-org-4314 28 46 1.0 1.0 CD dx-doi-org-4314 28 47 ( ( -LRB- dx-doi-org-4314 28 48 current current JJ dx-doi-org-4314 28 49 issue issue NN dx-doi-org-4314 28 50 ) ) -RRB- dx-doi-org-4314 28 51 Atom atom NN dx-doi-org-4314 28 52 1.0 1.0 CD dx-doi-org-4314 28 53 ( ( -LRB- dx-doi-org-4314 28 54 current current JJ dx-doi-org-4314 28 55 issue issue NN dx-doi-org-4314 28 56 ) ) -RRB- dx-doi-org-4314 28 57                                   _SP dx-doi-org-4314 28 58 This this DT dx-doi-org-4314 28 59 work work NN dx-doi-org-4314 28 60 is be VBZ dx-doi-org-4314 28 61 licensed license VBN dx-doi-org-4314 28 62 under under IN dx-doi-org-4314 28 63 a a DT dx-doi-org-4314 28 64 Creative Creative NNP dx-doi-org-4314 28 65 Commons Commons NNP dx-doi-org-4314 28 66 Attribution Attribution NNP dx-doi-org-4314 28 67 4.0 4.0 CD dx-doi-org-4314 28 68 International International NNP dx-doi-org-4314 28 69 License License NNP dx-doi-org-4314 28 70 . . .