id sid tid token lemma pos dx-doi-org-410 1 1 The the DT dx-doi-org-410 1 2 Adoption Adoption NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 3 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 1 4 an an DT dx-doi-org-410 1 5 Open Open NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 6 Textbook Textbook NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 7 in in IN dx-doi-org-410 1 8 a a DT dx-doi-org-410 1 9 Large large JJ dx-doi-org-410 1 10 Physics physics NN dx-doi-org-410 1 11 Course course NN dx-doi-org-410 1 12 : : : dx-doi-org-410 1 13 An an DT dx-doi-org-410 1 14 Analysis Analysis NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 15 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 1 16 Cost cost NN dx-doi-org-410 1 17 , , , dx-doi-org-410 1 18 Outcomes Outcomes NNPS dx-doi-org-410 1 19 , , , dx-doi-org-410 1 20 Use Use NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 21 , , , dx-doi-org-410 1 22 and and CC dx-doi-org-410 1 23 Perceptions perception NNS dx-doi-org-410 1 24 | | VBD dx-doi-org-410 1 25 The the DT dx-doi-org-410 1 26 International International NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 27 Review Review NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 28 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 1 29 Research Research NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 30 in in IN dx-doi-org-410 1 31 Open Open NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 32 and and CC dx-doi-org-410 1 33 Distributed Distributed NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 34 Learning Learning NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 35 Skip Skip NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 36 to to IN dx-doi-org-410 1 37 main main JJ dx-doi-org-410 1 38 content content NN dx-doi-org-410 1 39 Skip Skip NNS dx-doi-org-410 1 40 to to IN dx-doi-org-410 1 41 main main JJ dx-doi-org-410 1 42 navigation navigation NN dx-doi-org-410 1 43 menu menu NN dx-doi-org-410 1 44 Skip Skip NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 45 to to TO dx-doi-org-410 1 46 site site VB dx-doi-org-410 1 47 footer footer NN dx-doi-org-410 1 48 The the DT dx-doi-org-410 1 49 International International NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 50 Review Review NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 51 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 1 52 Research Research NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 53 in in IN dx-doi-org-410 1 54 Open Open NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 55 and and CC dx-doi-org-410 1 56 Distributed Distributed NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 57 Learning Learning NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 58 Home home RB dx-doi-org-410 1 59 About about IN dx-doi-org-410 1 60 About about IN dx-doi-org-410 1 61 the the DT dx-doi-org-410 1 62 Journal Journal NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 63 Submissions Submissions NNPS dx-doi-org-410 1 64 Evidence Evidence NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 65 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 1 66 Student Student NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 67 Achievement Achievement NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 68 Editorial Editorial NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 69 Team Team NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 70 Privacy Privacy NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 71 Statement Statement NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 72 Contact Contact NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 73 Current Current NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 74 Archives Archives NNPS dx-doi-org-410 1 75 Resources Resources NNPS dx-doi-org-410 1 76 Conferences Conferences NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 77 Search Search NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 78 Register Register NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 79 Search Search NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 80 Search Search NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 81 Register Register NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 82 Login Login NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 83 Home Home NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 84 / / SYM dx-doi-org-410 1 85 Archives Archives NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 86 / / SYM dx-doi-org-410 1 87 Vol Vol NNP dx-doi-org-410 1 88 . . . dx-doi-org-410 2 1 18 18 CD dx-doi-org-410 2 2 No no UH dx-doi-org-410 2 3 . . . dx-doi-org-410 3 1 4 4 CD dx-doi-org-410 3 2 ( ( -LRB- dx-doi-org-410 3 3 2017 2017 CD dx-doi-org-410 3 4 ) ) -RRB- dx-doi-org-410 3 5 : : : dx-doi-org-410 3 6 Special special JJ dx-doi-org-410 3 7 Issue issue NN dx-doi-org-410 3 8 : : : dx-doi-org-410 3 9 Outcomes outcome NNS dx-doi-org-410 3 10 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 3 11 Openness openness NN dx-doi-org-410 3 12 : : : dx-doi-org-410 3 13 Empirical Empirical NNP dx-doi-org-410 3 14 Reports Reports NNPS dx-doi-org-410 3 15 on on IN dx-doi-org-410 3 16 the the DT dx-doi-org-410 3 17 Implementation Implementation NNP dx-doi-org-410 3 18 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 3 19 OER OER NNP dx-doi-org-410 3 20 / / SYM dx-doi-org-410 3 21 Research Research NNP dx-doi-org-410 3 22 Articles Articles NNPS dx-doi-org-410 3 23 The the DT dx-doi-org-410 3 24 Adoption Adoption NNP dx-doi-org-410 3 25 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 3 26 an an DT dx-doi-org-410 3 27 Open Open NNP dx-doi-org-410 3 28 Textbook Textbook NNP dx-doi-org-410 3 29 in in IN dx-doi-org-410 3 30 a a DT dx-doi-org-410 3 31 Large large JJ dx-doi-org-410 3 32 Physics physics NN dx-doi-org-410 3 33 Course course NN dx-doi-org-410 3 34 : : : dx-doi-org-410 3 35 An an DT dx-doi-org-410 3 36 Analysis Analysis NNP dx-doi-org-410 3 37 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 3 38 Cost cost NN dx-doi-org-410 3 39 , , , dx-doi-org-410 3 40 Outcomes Outcomes NNPS dx-doi-org-410 3 41 , , , dx-doi-org-410 3 42 Use Use NNP dx-doi-org-410 3 43 , , , dx-doi-org-410 3 44 and and CC dx-doi-org-410 3 45 Perceptions Perceptions NNPS dx-doi-org-410 3 46 Christina Christina NNP dx-doi-org-410 3 47 Hendricks Hendricks NNP dx-doi-org-410 3 48 University University NNP dx-doi-org-410 3 49 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 3 50 British British NNP dx-doi-org-410 3 51 Columbia Columbia NNP dx-doi-org-410 3 52 http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9461-4200 http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9461-4200 NNP dx-doi-org-410 3 53 Stefan Stefan NNP dx-doi-org-410 3 54 A. a. NN dx-doi-org-410 3 55 Reinsberg Reinsberg NNP dx-doi-org-410 3 56 University University NNP dx-doi-org-410 3 57 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 3 58 British British NNP dx-doi-org-410 3 59 Columbia Columbia NNP dx-doi-org-410 3 60 Georg Georg NNP dx-doi-org-410 3 61 W W NNP dx-doi-org-410 3 62 Rieger Rieger NNP dx-doi-org-410 3 63 University University NNP dx-doi-org-410 3 64 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 3 65 British British NNP dx-doi-org-410 3 66 Columbia Columbia NNP dx-doi-org-410 3 67 DOI DOI NNP dx-doi-org-410 3 68 : : : dx-doi-org-410 3 69 https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v18i4.3006 https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v18i4.3006 NNP dx-doi-org-410 3 70 Keywords Keywords NNPS dx-doi-org-410 3 71 : : : dx-doi-org-410 3 72 open open JJ dx-doi-org-410 3 73 educational educational JJ dx-doi-org-410 3 74 resources resource NNS dx-doi-org-410 3 75 , , , dx-doi-org-410 3 76 open open JJ dx-doi-org-410 3 77 textbooks textbook NNS dx-doi-org-410 3 78 , , , dx-doi-org-410 3 79 online online JJ dx-doi-org-410 3 80 learning learn VBG dx-doi-org-410 3 81 Abstract Abstract NNP dx-doi-org-410 3 82 Assigning Assigning NNP dx-doi-org-410 3 83 open open JJ dx-doi-org-410 3 84 textbooks textbook NNS dx-doi-org-410 3 85 in in IN dx-doi-org-410 3 86 college college NN dx-doi-org-410 3 87 and and CC dx-doi-org-410 3 88 university university NN dx-doi-org-410 3 89 courses course NNS dx-doi-org-410 3 90 can can MD dx-doi-org-410 3 91 help help VB dx-doi-org-410 3 92 students student NNS dx-doi-org-410 3 93 save save VB dx-doi-org-410 3 94 money money NN dx-doi-org-410 3 95 on on IN dx-doi-org-410 3 96 increasingly increasingly RB dx-doi-org-410 3 97 expensive expensive JJ dx-doi-org-410 3 98 commercial commercial JJ dx-doi-org-410 3 99 textbooks textbook NNS dx-doi-org-410 3 100 , , , dx-doi-org-410 3 101 and and CC dx-doi-org-410 3 102 recent recent JJ dx-doi-org-410 3 103 research research NN dx-doi-org-410 3 104 shows show VBZ dx-doi-org-410 3 105 that that IN dx-doi-org-410 3 106 this this DT dx-doi-org-410 3 107 savings saving NNS dx-doi-org-410 3 108 can can MD dx-doi-org-410 3 109 often often RB dx-doi-org-410 3 110 be be VB dx-doi-org-410 3 111 achieved achieve VBN dx-doi-org-410 3 112 with with IN dx-doi-org-410 3 113 little little JJ dx-doi-org-410 3 114 to to IN dx-doi-org-410 3 115 no no DT dx-doi-org-410 3 116 sacrifice sacrifice NN dx-doi-org-410 3 117 in in IN dx-doi-org-410 3 118 textbook textbook NN dx-doi-org-410 3 119 quality quality NN dx-doi-org-410 3 120 or or CC dx-doi-org-410 3 121 student student NN dx-doi-org-410 3 122 learning learning NN dx-doi-org-410 3 123 outcomes outcome NNS dx-doi-org-410 3 124 . . . dx-doi-org-410 4 1 We -PRON- PRP dx-doi-org-410 4 2 add add VBP dx-doi-org-410 4 3 to to IN dx-doi-org-410 4 4 this this DT dx-doi-org-410 4 5 body body NN dx-doi-org-410 4 6 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 4 7 research research NN dx-doi-org-410 4 8 by by IN dx-doi-org-410 4 9 examining examine VBG dx-doi-org-410 4 10 the the DT dx-doi-org-410 4 11 use use NN dx-doi-org-410 4 12 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 4 13 an an DT dx-doi-org-410 4 14 open open JJ dx-doi-org-410 4 15 textbook textbook NN dx-doi-org-410 4 16 in in IN dx-doi-org-410 4 17 an an DT dx-doi-org-410 4 18 introductory introductory JJ dx-doi-org-410 4 19 physics physics NN dx-doi-org-410 4 20 course course NN dx-doi-org-410 4 21 at at IN dx-doi-org-410 4 22 a a DT dx-doi-org-410 4 23 large large JJ dx-doi-org-410 4 24 research research NN dx-doi-org-410 4 25 university university NN dx-doi-org-410 4 26 in in IN dx-doi-org-410 4 27 Canada Canada NNP dx-doi-org-410 4 28 that that WDT dx-doi-org-410 4 29 enrols enrol VBZ dx-doi-org-410 4 30 approximately approximately RB dx-doi-org-410 4 31 800 800 CD dx-doi-org-410 4 32 - - SYM dx-doi-org-410 4 33 900 900 CD dx-doi-org-410 4 34 students student NNS dx-doi-org-410 4 35 per per IN dx-doi-org-410 4 36 year year NN dx-doi-org-410 4 37 . . . dx-doi-org-410 5 1 In in IN dx-doi-org-410 5 2 this this DT dx-doi-org-410 5 3 course course NN dx-doi-org-410 5 4 , , , dx-doi-org-410 5 5 the the DT dx-doi-org-410 5 6 instructors instructor NNS dx-doi-org-410 5 7 revised revise VBD dx-doi-org-410 5 8 an an DT dx-doi-org-410 5 9 open open JJ dx-doi-org-410 5 10 textbook textbook NN dx-doi-org-410 5 11 and and CC dx-doi-org-410 5 12 combined combine VBD dx-doi-org-410 5 13 it -PRON- PRP dx-doi-org-410 5 14 with with IN dx-doi-org-410 5 15 other other JJ dx-doi-org-410 5 16 learning learn VBG dx-doi-org-410 5 17 resources resource NNS dx-doi-org-410 5 18 onto onto IN dx-doi-org-410 5 19 a a DT dx-doi-org-410 5 20 single single JJ dx-doi-org-410 5 21 website website NN dx-doi-org-410 5 22 , , , dx-doi-org-410 5 23 whereas whereas IN dx-doi-org-410 5 24 more more JJR dx-doi-org-410 5 25 than than IN dx-doi-org-410 5 26 one one CD dx-doi-org-410 5 27 source source NN dx-doi-org-410 5 28 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 5 29 learning learning NN dx-doi-org-410 5 30 materials material NNS dx-doi-org-410 5 31 was be VBD dx-doi-org-410 5 32 used use VBN dx-doi-org-410 5 33 previously previously RB dx-doi-org-410 5 34 . . . dx-doi-org-410 6 1 We -PRON- PRP dx-doi-org-410 6 2 used use VBD dx-doi-org-410 6 3 the the DT dx-doi-org-410 6 4 COUP COUP NNP dx-doi-org-410 6 5 framework framework NN dx-doi-org-410 6 6 to to TO dx-doi-org-410 6 7 structure structure VB dx-doi-org-410 6 8 our -PRON- PRP$ dx-doi-org-410 6 9 analysis analysis NN dx-doi-org-410 6 10 , , , dx-doi-org-410 6 11 focusing focus VBG dx-doi-org-410 6 12 on on IN dx-doi-org-410 6 13 cost cost NN dx-doi-org-410 6 14 , , , dx-doi-org-410 6 15 outcomes outcome NNS dx-doi-org-410 6 16 , , , dx-doi-org-410 6 17 use use NN dx-doi-org-410 6 18 , , , dx-doi-org-410 6 19 and and CC dx-doi-org-410 6 20 perceptions perception NNS dx-doi-org-410 6 21 in in IN dx-doi-org-410 6 22 relation relation NN dx-doi-org-410 6 23 to to IN dx-doi-org-410 6 24 the the DT dx-doi-org-410 6 25 open open JJ dx-doi-org-410 6 26 textbook textbook NN dx-doi-org-410 6 27 assigned assign VBN dx-doi-org-410 6 28 in in IN dx-doi-org-410 6 29 the the DT dx-doi-org-410 6 30 course course NN dx-doi-org-410 6 31 . . . dx-doi-org-410 7 1 Through through IN dx-doi-org-410 7 2 the the DT dx-doi-org-410 7 3 use use NN dx-doi-org-410 7 4 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 7 5 a a DT dx-doi-org-410 7 6 survey survey NN dx-doi-org-410 7 7 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 7 8 students student NNS dx-doi-org-410 7 9 and and CC dx-doi-org-410 7 10 data datum NNS dx-doi-org-410 7 11 about about IN dx-doi-org-410 7 12 student student NN dx-doi-org-410 7 13 learning learning NN dx-doi-org-410 7 14 outcomes outcome NNS dx-doi-org-410 7 15 in in IN dx-doi-org-410 7 16 the the DT dx-doi-org-410 7 17 form form NN dx-doi-org-410 7 18 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 7 19 final final JJ dx-doi-org-410 7 20 exam exam NN dx-doi-org-410 7 21 and and CC dx-doi-org-410 7 22 course course NN dx-doi-org-410 7 23 grades grade NNS dx-doi-org-410 7 24 , , , dx-doi-org-410 7 25 and and CC dx-doi-org-410 7 26 shifts shift NNS dx-doi-org-410 7 27 on on IN dx-doi-org-410 7 28 the the DT dx-doi-org-410 7 29 pre-/post- pre-/post- XX dx-doi-org-410 7 30 Colorado Colorado NNP dx-doi-org-410 7 31 Learning Learning NNP dx-doi-org-410 7 32 Attitudes Attitudes NNPS dx-doi-org-410 7 33 about about IN dx-doi-org-410 7 34 Science Science NNP dx-doi-org-410 7 35 Survey Survey NNP dx-doi-org-410 7 36 , , , dx-doi-org-410 7 37 we -PRON- PRP dx-doi-org-410 7 38 show show VBP dx-doi-org-410 7 39 that that IN dx-doi-org-410 7 40 student student NN dx-doi-org-410 7 41 savings saving NNS dx-doi-org-410 7 42 by by IN dx-doi-org-410 7 43 moving move VBG dx-doi-org-410 7 44 to to IN dx-doi-org-410 7 45 an an DT dx-doi-org-410 7 46 open open JJ dx-doi-org-410 7 47 textbook textbook NN dx-doi-org-410 7 48 were be VBD dx-doi-org-410 7 49 accompanied accompany VBN dx-doi-org-410 7 50 by by IN dx-doi-org-410 7 51 little little JJ dx-doi-org-410 7 52 change change NN dx-doi-org-410 7 53 in in IN dx-doi-org-410 7 54 learning learning NN dx-doi-org-410 7 55 outcomes outcome NNS dx-doi-org-410 7 56 . . . dx-doi-org-410 8 1 We -PRON- PRP dx-doi-org-410 8 2 also also RB dx-doi-org-410 8 3 show show VBP dx-doi-org-410 8 4 that that IN dx-doi-org-410 8 5 the the DT dx-doi-org-410 8 6 vast vast JJ dx-doi-org-410 8 7 majority majority NN dx-doi-org-410 8 8 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 8 9 survey survey NN dx-doi-org-410 8 10 respondents respondent NNS dx-doi-org-410 8 11 perceived perceive VBD dx-doi-org-410 8 12 the the DT dx-doi-org-410 8 13 open open JJ dx-doi-org-410 8 14 textbook textbook NN dx-doi-org-410 8 15 to to TO dx-doi-org-410 8 16 be be VB dx-doi-org-410 8 17 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 8 18 the the DT dx-doi-org-410 8 19 same same JJ dx-doi-org-410 8 20 or or CC dx-doi-org-410 8 21 better well JJR dx-doi-org-410 8 22 quality quality NN dx-doi-org-410 8 23 than than IN dx-doi-org-410 8 24 commercial commercial JJ dx-doi-org-410 8 25 textbooks textbook NNS dx-doi-org-410 8 26 used use VBN dx-doi-org-410 8 27 in in IN dx-doi-org-410 8 28 their -PRON- PRP$ dx-doi-org-410 8 29 other other JJ dx-doi-org-410 8 30 courses course NNS dx-doi-org-410 8 31 . . . dx-doi-org-410 9 1 Further further RB dx-doi-org-410 9 2 , , , dx-doi-org-410 9 3 many many JJ dx-doi-org-410 9 4 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 9 5 them -PRON- PRP dx-doi-org-410 9 6 appreciated appreciate VBD dx-doi-org-410 9 7 the the DT dx-doi-org-410 9 8 fact fact NN dx-doi-org-410 9 9 that that IN dx-doi-org-410 9 10 the the DT dx-doi-org-410 9 11 textbook textbook NN dx-doi-org-410 9 12 was be VBD dx-doi-org-410 9 13 customized customize VBN dx-doi-org-410 9 14 to to IN dx-doi-org-410 9 15 this this DT dx-doi-org-410 9 16 particular particular JJ dx-doi-org-410 9 17 course course NN dx-doi-org-410 9 18 — — : dx-doi-org-410 9 19 which which WDT dx-doi-org-410 9 20 is be VBZ dx-doi-org-410 9 21 made make VBN dx-doi-org-410 9 22 possible possible JJ dx-doi-org-410 9 23 by by IN dx-doi-org-410 9 24 the the DT dx-doi-org-410 9 25 use use NN dx-doi-org-410 9 26 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 9 27 a a DT dx-doi-org-410 9 28 textbook textbook NN dx-doi-org-410 9 29 with with IN dx-doi-org-410 9 30 an an DT dx-doi-org-410 9 31 open open JJ dx-doi-org-410 9 32 license license NN dx-doi-org-410 9 33 . . . dx-doi-org-410 10 1 Author author NN dx-doi-org-410 10 2 Biographies Biographies NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 3 Christina Christina NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 4 Hendricks Hendricks NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 5 , , , dx-doi-org-410 10 6 University University NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 7 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 10 8 British British NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 9 Columbia Columbia NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 10 Professor Professor NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 11 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 10 12 Teaching Teaching NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 13 , , , dx-doi-org-410 10 14 Philosophy Philosophy NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 15 Stefan Stefan NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 16 A. a. NN dx-doi-org-410 10 17 Reinsberg Reinsberg NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 18 , , , dx-doi-org-410 10 19 University University NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 20 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 10 21 British British NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 22 Columbia Columbia NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 23 Assisant Assisant NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 24 Professor Professor NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 25 , , , dx-doi-org-410 10 26 Physics Physics NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 27 and and CC dx-doi-org-410 10 28 Astronomy Astronomy NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 29 Georg Georg NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 30 W W NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 31 Rieger Rieger NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 32 , , , dx-doi-org-410 10 33 University University NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 34 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 10 35 British British NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 36 Columbia Columbia NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 37 Instructor Instructor NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 38 , , , dx-doi-org-410 10 39 Physics Physics NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 40 and and CC dx-doi-org-410 10 41 Astronomy Astronomy NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 42 HTML HTML VBD dx-doi-org-410 10 43 PDF PDF NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 44 MP3 MP3 NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 45 EPUB EPUB VBZ dx-doi-org-410 10 46 Appendix Appendix NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 47 to to TO dx-doi-org-410 10 48 " " `` dx-doi-org-410 10 49 The the DT dx-doi-org-410 10 50 adoption adoption NN dx-doi-org-410 10 51 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 10 52 an an DT dx-doi-org-410 10 53 open open JJ dx-doi-org-410 10 54 textbook textbook NN dx-doi-org-410 10 55 in in IN dx-doi-org-410 10 56 a a DT dx-doi-org-410 10 57 large large JJ dx-doi-org-410 10 58 physics physics NN dx-doi-org-410 10 59 course course NN dx-doi-org-410 10 60 : : : dx-doi-org-410 10 61 An an DT dx-doi-org-410 10 62 analysis analysis NN dx-doi-org-410 10 63 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 10 64 cost cost NN dx-doi-org-410 10 65 , , , dx-doi-org-410 10 66 outcomes outcome NNS dx-doi-org-410 10 67 , , , dx-doi-org-410 10 68 use use NN dx-doi-org-410 10 69 , , , dx-doi-org-410 10 70 and and CC dx-doi-org-410 10 71 perceptions perception NNS dx-doi-org-410 10 72 " " `` dx-doi-org-410 10 73 Published publish VBN dx-doi-org-410 10 74 2017 2017 CD dx-doi-org-410 10 75 - - SYM dx-doi-org-410 10 76 06 06 CD dx-doi-org-410 10 77 - - HYPH dx-doi-org-410 10 78 16 16 CD dx-doi-org-410 10 79 How how WRB dx-doi-org-410 10 80 to to TO dx-doi-org-410 10 81 Cite Cite NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 82 Hendricks Hendricks NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 83 , , , dx-doi-org-410 10 84 C. C. NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 85 , , , dx-doi-org-410 10 86 Reinsberg Reinsberg NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 87 , , , dx-doi-org-410 10 88 S. S. NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 89 A. A. NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 90 , , , dx-doi-org-410 10 91 & & CC dx-doi-org-410 10 92 Rieger Rieger NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 93 , , , dx-doi-org-410 10 94 G. G. NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 95 W. W. NNP dx-doi-org-410 10 96 ( ( -LRB- dx-doi-org-410 10 97 2017 2017 CD dx-doi-org-410 10 98 ) ) -RRB- dx-doi-org-410 10 99 . . . dx-doi-org-410 11 1 The the DT dx-doi-org-410 11 2 Adoption Adoption NNP dx-doi-org-410 11 3 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 11 4 an an DT dx-doi-org-410 11 5 Open Open NNP dx-doi-org-410 11 6 Textbook Textbook NNP dx-doi-org-410 11 7 in in IN dx-doi-org-410 11 8 a a DT dx-doi-org-410 11 9 Large large JJ dx-doi-org-410 11 10 Physics physics NN dx-doi-org-410 11 11 Course course NN dx-doi-org-410 11 12 : : : dx-doi-org-410 11 13 An an DT dx-doi-org-410 11 14 Analysis Analysis NNP dx-doi-org-410 11 15 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 11 16 Cost cost NN dx-doi-org-410 11 17 , , , dx-doi-org-410 11 18 Outcomes Outcomes NNPS dx-doi-org-410 11 19 , , , dx-doi-org-410 11 20 Use Use NNP dx-doi-org-410 11 21 , , , dx-doi-org-410 11 22 and and CC dx-doi-org-410 11 23 Perceptions perception NNS dx-doi-org-410 11 24 . . . dx-doi-org-410 12 1 The the DT dx-doi-org-410 12 2 International International NNP dx-doi-org-410 12 3 Review Review NNP dx-doi-org-410 12 4 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 12 5 Research Research NNP dx-doi-org-410 12 6 in in IN dx-doi-org-410 12 7 Open Open NNP dx-doi-org-410 12 8 and and CC dx-doi-org-410 12 9 Distributed Distributed NNP dx-doi-org-410 12 10 Learning Learning NNP dx-doi-org-410 12 11 , , , dx-doi-org-410 12 12 18(4 18(4 CD dx-doi-org-410 12 13 ) ) -RRB- dx-doi-org-410 12 14 . . . dx-doi-org-410 13 1 https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v18i4.3006 https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v18i4.3006 IN dx-doi-org-410 13 2 More More JJR dx-doi-org-410 13 3 Citation Citation NNP dx-doi-org-410 13 4 Formats Formats NNPS dx-doi-org-410 13 5 ACM ACM NNP dx-doi-org-410 13 6 ACS ACS NNP dx-doi-org-410 13 7 APA apa NN dx-doi-org-410 13 8 ABNT ABNT NNP dx-doi-org-410 13 9 Chicago Chicago NNP dx-doi-org-410 13 10 Harvard Harvard NNP dx-doi-org-410 13 11 IEEE IEEE NNP dx-doi-org-410 13 12 MLA MLA NNP dx-doi-org-410 13 13 Turabian Turabian NNP dx-doi-org-410 13 14 Vancouver Vancouver NNP dx-doi-org-410 13 15 Download Download NNP dx-doi-org-410 13 16 Citation Citation NNP dx-doi-org-410 13 17 Endnote Endnote NNP dx-doi-org-410 13 18 / / SYM dx-doi-org-410 13 19 Zotero Zotero NNP dx-doi-org-410 13 20 / / SYM dx-doi-org-410 13 21 Mendeley Mendeley NNP dx-doi-org-410 13 22 ( ( -LRB- dx-doi-org-410 13 23 RIS RIS NNP dx-doi-org-410 13 24 ) ) -RRB- dx-doi-org-410 13 25 BibTeX BibTeX NNP dx-doi-org-410 13 26 Issue Issue NNP dx-doi-org-410 13 27 Vol Vol NNP dx-doi-org-410 13 28 . . . dx-doi-org-410 14 1 18 18 CD dx-doi-org-410 14 2 No no UH dx-doi-org-410 14 3 . . . dx-doi-org-410 15 1 4 4 CD dx-doi-org-410 15 2 ( ( -LRB- dx-doi-org-410 15 3 2017 2017 CD dx-doi-org-410 15 4 ) ) -RRB- dx-doi-org-410 15 5 : : : dx-doi-org-410 15 6 Special special JJ dx-doi-org-410 15 7 Issue issue NN dx-doi-org-410 15 8 : : : dx-doi-org-410 15 9 Outcomes outcome NNS dx-doi-org-410 15 10 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 15 11 Openness openness NN dx-doi-org-410 15 12 : : : dx-doi-org-410 15 13 Empirical Empirical NNP dx-doi-org-410 15 14 Reports Reports NNPS dx-doi-org-410 15 15 on on IN dx-doi-org-410 15 16 the the DT dx-doi-org-410 15 17 Implementation Implementation NNP dx-doi-org-410 15 18 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 15 19 OER OER NNP dx-doi-org-410 15 20 Section Section NNP dx-doi-org-410 15 21 Research Research NNP dx-doi-org-410 15 22 Articles Articles NNP dx-doi-org-410 15 23 Copyright Copyright NNP dx-doi-org-410 15 24 ( ( -LRB- dx-doi-org-410 15 25 c c NN dx-doi-org-410 15 26 ) ) -RRB- dx-doi-org-410 15 27 2017 2017 CD dx-doi-org-410 15 28 Christina Christina NNP dx-doi-org-410 15 29 Hendricks Hendricks NNPS dx-doi-org-410 15 30 , , , dx-doi-org-410 15 31 Stefan Stefan NNP dx-doi-org-410 15 32 A. a. NN dx-doi-org-410 15 33 Reinsberg Reinsberg NNP dx-doi-org-410 15 34 , , , dx-doi-org-410 15 35 Georg Georg NNP dx-doi-org-410 15 36 W W NNP dx-doi-org-410 15 37 Rieger Rieger NNP dx-doi-org-410 15 38 This this DT dx-doi-org-410 15 39 work work NN dx-doi-org-410 15 40 is be VBZ dx-doi-org-410 15 41 licensed license VBN dx-doi-org-410 15 42 under under IN dx-doi-org-410 15 43 a a DT dx-doi-org-410 15 44 Creative Creative NNP dx-doi-org-410 15 45 Commons Commons NNP dx-doi-org-410 15 46 Attribution Attribution NNP dx-doi-org-410 15 47 4.0 4.0 CD dx-doi-org-410 15 48 International International NNP dx-doi-org-410 15 49 License License NNP dx-doi-org-410 15 50 . . . dx-doi-org-410 16 1 This this DT dx-doi-org-410 16 2 work work NN dx-doi-org-410 16 3 is be VBZ dx-doi-org-410 16 4 licensed license VBN dx-doi-org-410 16 5 under under IN dx-doi-org-410 16 6 a a DT dx-doi-org-410 16 7 Creative Creative NNP dx-doi-org-410 16 8 Commons Commons NNP dx-doi-org-410 16 9 Attribution Attribution NNP dx-doi-org-410 16 10   _SP dx-doi-org-410 16 11 4.0 4.0 CD dx-doi-org-410 16 12 International International NNP dx-doi-org-410 16 13 Licence Licence NNP dx-doi-org-410 16 14 . . . dx-doi-org-410 17 1 The the DT dx-doi-org-410 17 2 copyright copyright NN dx-doi-org-410 17 3 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 17 4 all all DT dx-doi-org-410 17 5 content content NN dx-doi-org-410 17 6 published publish VBN dx-doi-org-410 17 7 in in IN dx-doi-org-410 17 8 IRRODL IRRODL NNP dx-doi-org-410 17 9 is be VBZ dx-doi-org-410 17 10 retained retain VBN dx-doi-org-410 17 11 by by IN dx-doi-org-410 17 12 the the DT dx-doi-org-410 17 13 authors author NNS dx-doi-org-410 17 14 . . . dx-doi-org-410 18 1 This this DT dx-doi-org-410 18 2 copyright copyright NN dx-doi-org-410 18 3 agreement agreement NN dx-doi-org-410 18 4 and and CC dx-doi-org-410 18 5 use use VBP dx-doi-org-410 18 6 license license NN dx-doi-org-410 18 7 ensures ensure NNS dx-doi-org-410 18 8 , , , dx-doi-org-410 18 9 among among IN dx-doi-org-410 18 10 other other JJ dx-doi-org-410 18 11 things thing NNS dx-doi-org-410 18 12 , , , dx-doi-org-410 18 13 that that IN dx-doi-org-410 18 14 an an DT dx-doi-org-410 18 15 article article NN dx-doi-org-410 18 16 will will MD dx-doi-org-410 18 17 be be VB dx-doi-org-410 18 18 as as RB dx-doi-org-410 18 19 widely widely RB dx-doi-org-410 18 20 distributed distribute VBN dx-doi-org-410 18 21 as as IN dx-doi-org-410 18 22 possible possible JJ dx-doi-org-410 18 23 and and CC dx-doi-org-410 18 24 that that IN dx-doi-org-410 18 25 the the DT dx-doi-org-410 18 26 article article NN dx-doi-org-410 18 27 can can MD dx-doi-org-410 18 28 be be VB dx-doi-org-410 18 29 included include VBN dx-doi-org-410 18 30 in in IN dx-doi-org-410 18 31 any any DT dx-doi-org-410 18 32 scientific scientific JJ dx-doi-org-410 18 33 and/or and/or CC dx-doi-org-410 18 34 scholarly scholarly JJ dx-doi-org-410 18 35 archive archive NN dx-doi-org-410 18 36 . . . dx-doi-org-410 19 1 You -PRON- PRP dx-doi-org-410 19 2 are be VBP dx-doi-org-410 19 3 free free JJ dx-doi-org-410 19 4 to to TO dx-doi-org-410 19 5 Share share VB dx-doi-org-410 19 6 — — : dx-doi-org-410 19 7 copy copy VB dx-doi-org-410 19 8 and and CC dx-doi-org-410 19 9 redistribute redistribute VB dx-doi-org-410 19 10 the the DT dx-doi-org-410 19 11 material material NN dx-doi-org-410 19 12 in in IN dx-doi-org-410 19 13 any any DT dx-doi-org-410 19 14 medium medium NN dx-doi-org-410 19 15 or or CC dx-doi-org-410 19 16 format format NN dx-doi-org-410 19 17 Adapt Adapt NNS dx-doi-org-410 19 18 — — : dx-doi-org-410 19 19 remix remix NN dx-doi-org-410 19 20 , , , dx-doi-org-410 19 21 transform transform NN dx-doi-org-410 19 22 , , , dx-doi-org-410 19 23 and and CC dx-doi-org-410 19 24 build build VB dx-doi-org-410 19 25 upon upon IN dx-doi-org-410 19 26 the the DT dx-doi-org-410 19 27 material material NN dx-doi-org-410 19 28 for for IN dx-doi-org-410 19 29 any any DT dx-doi-org-410 19 30 purpose purpose NN dx-doi-org-410 19 31 , , , dx-doi-org-410 19 32 even even RB dx-doi-org-410 19 33 commercially commercially RB dx-doi-org-410 19 34 . . . dx-doi-org-410 20 1 The the DT dx-doi-org-410 20 2 licensor licensor NN dx-doi-org-410 20 3 can can MD dx-doi-org-410 20 4 not not RB dx-doi-org-410 20 5 revoke revoke VB dx-doi-org-410 20 6 these these DT dx-doi-org-410 20 7 freedoms freedom NNS dx-doi-org-410 20 8 as as RB dx-doi-org-410 20 9 long long RB dx-doi-org-410 20 10 as as IN dx-doi-org-410 20 11 you -PRON- PRP dx-doi-org-410 20 12 follow follow VBP dx-doi-org-410 20 13 the the DT dx-doi-org-410 20 14 license license NN dx-doi-org-410 20 15 terms term NNS dx-doi-org-410 20 16 below below RB dx-doi-org-410 20 17 : : : dx-doi-org-410 20 18   _SP dx-doi-org-410 20 19 Attribution attribution NN dx-doi-org-410 20 20 — — : dx-doi-org-410 20 21 You -PRON- PRP dx-doi-org-410 20 22 must must MD dx-doi-org-410 20 23 give give VB dx-doi-org-410 20 24 appropriate appropriate JJ dx-doi-org-410 20 25 credit credit NN dx-doi-org-410 20 26 , , , dx-doi-org-410 20 27 provide provide VB dx-doi-org-410 20 28 a a DT dx-doi-org-410 20 29 link link NN dx-doi-org-410 20 30 to to IN dx-doi-org-410 20 31 the the DT dx-doi-org-410 20 32 license license NN dx-doi-org-410 20 33 , , , dx-doi-org-410 20 34 and and CC dx-doi-org-410 20 35 indicate indicate VBP dx-doi-org-410 20 36 if if IN dx-doi-org-410 20 37 changes change NNS dx-doi-org-410 20 38 were be VBD dx-doi-org-410 20 39 made make VBN dx-doi-org-410 20 40 . . . dx-doi-org-410 21 1 You -PRON- PRP dx-doi-org-410 21 2 may may MD dx-doi-org-410 21 3 do do VB dx-doi-org-410 21 4 so so RB dx-doi-org-410 21 5 in in IN dx-doi-org-410 21 6 any any DT dx-doi-org-410 21 7 reasonable reasonable JJ dx-doi-org-410 21 8 manner manner NN dx-doi-org-410 21 9 , , , dx-doi-org-410 21 10 but but CC dx-doi-org-410 21 11 not not RB dx-doi-org-410 21 12 in in IN dx-doi-org-410 21 13 any any DT dx-doi-org-410 21 14 way way NN dx-doi-org-410 21 15 that that WDT dx-doi-org-410 21 16 suggests suggest VBZ dx-doi-org-410 21 17 the the DT dx-doi-org-410 21 18 licensor licensor NN dx-doi-org-410 21 19 endorses endorse VBZ dx-doi-org-410 21 20 you -PRON- PRP dx-doi-org-410 21 21 or or CC dx-doi-org-410 21 22 your -PRON- PRP$ dx-doi-org-410 21 23 use use NN dx-doi-org-410 21 24 . . . dx-doi-org-410 22 1 No no DT dx-doi-org-410 22 2 additional additional JJ dx-doi-org-410 22 3 restrictions restriction NNS dx-doi-org-410 22 4 — — : dx-doi-org-410 22 5 You -PRON- PRP dx-doi-org-410 22 6 may may MD dx-doi-org-410 22 7 not not RB dx-doi-org-410 22 8 apply apply VB dx-doi-org-410 22 9 legal legal JJ dx-doi-org-410 22 10 terms term NNS dx-doi-org-410 22 11 or or CC dx-doi-org-410 22 12 technological technological JJ dx-doi-org-410 22 13 measures measure NNS dx-doi-org-410 22 14 that that WDT dx-doi-org-410 22 15 legally legally RB dx-doi-org-410 22 16 restrict restrict VBP dx-doi-org-410 22 17 others other NNS dx-doi-org-410 22 18 from from IN dx-doi-org-410 22 19 doing do VBG dx-doi-org-410 22 20 anything anything NN dx-doi-org-410 22 21 the the DT dx-doi-org-410 22 22 license license NN dx-doi-org-410 22 23 permits permit NNS dx-doi-org-410 22 24 . . . dx-doi-org-410 23 1 Formerly formerly RB dx-doi-org-410 23 2 named name VBN dx-doi-org-410 23 3 the the DT dx-doi-org-410 23 4 International International NNP dx-doi-org-410 23 5 Review Review NNP dx-doi-org-410 23 6 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 23 7 Research Research NNP dx-doi-org-410 23 8 in in IN dx-doi-org-410 23 9 Open Open NNP dx-doi-org-410 23 10 and and CC dx-doi-org-410 23 11   _SP dx-doi-org-410 23 12 Distance distance NN dx-doi-org-410 23 13   _SP dx-doi-org-410 23 14 Learning Learning NNP dx-doi-org-410 23 15 . . . dx-doi-org-410 24 1 SSCI SSCI NNP dx-doi-org-410 24 2 impact impact NN dx-doi-org-410 24 3 factor factor NN dx-doi-org-410 24 4 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 24 5 0.734 0.734 CD dx-doi-org-410 24 6 with with IN dx-doi-org-410 24 7 a a DT dx-doi-org-410 24 8 H5 H5 NNP dx-doi-org-410 24 9 index index NN dx-doi-org-410 24 10 of of IN dx-doi-org-410 24 11 36 36 CD dx-doi-org-410 24 12 . . . dx-doi-org-410 25 1 ISSN issn NN dx-doi-org-410 25 2 : : : dx-doi-org-410 25 3 1492 1492 CD dx-doi-org-410 25 4 - - SYM dx-doi-org-410 25 5 3831 3831 CD dx-doi-org-410 25 6 Editor Editor NNP dx-doi-org-410 25 7 - - HYPH dx-doi-org-410 25 8 in in IN dx-doi-org-410 25 9 - - HYPH dx-doi-org-410 25 10 Chief chief NN dx-doi-org-410 25 11 : : : dx-doi-org-410 25 12 Rory Rory NNP dx-doi-org-410 25 13 McGreal McGreal NNP dx-doi-org-410 25 14 Associate Associate NNP dx-doi-org-410 25 15 Editors Editors NNPS dx-doi-org-410 25 16 : : : dx-doi-org-410 25 17 Connie Connie NNP dx-doi-org-410 25 18 Blomgren Blomgren NNP dx-doi-org-410 25 19 Dietmar Dietmar NNP dx-doi-org-410 25 20 Kennepohl Kennepohl NNP dx-doi-org-410 25 21 Subscribe Subscribe NNP dx-doi-org-410 25 22 to to IN dx-doi-org-410 25 23 Mailing Mailing NNP dx-doi-org-410 25 24 List List NNP dx-doi-org-410 25 25 : : : dx-doi-org-410 25 26     _SP dx-doi-org-410 25 27 Information information NN dx-doi-org-410 25 28 For for IN dx-doi-org-410 25 29 Readers reader NNS dx-doi-org-410 25 30 For for IN dx-doi-org-410 25 31 Authors author NNS dx-doi-org-410 25 32 For for IN dx-doi-org-410 25 33 Reviewers Reviewers NNPS dx-doi-org-410 25 34 For for IN dx-doi-org-410 25 35 Librarians Librarians NNPS dx-doi-org-410 25 36 IRRODL IRRODL NNP dx-doi-org-410 25 37 INDEXING INDEXING NNP dx-doi-org-410 25 38 SCOPUS SCOPUS NNP dx-doi-org-410 25 39 Thompson Thompson NNP dx-doi-org-410 25 40 Reuters Reuters NNP dx-doi-org-410 25 41 : : : dx-doi-org-410 25 42 Social Social NNP dx-doi-org-410 25 43 Sciences Sciences NNPS dx-doi-org-410 25 44 Citation Citation NNP dx-doi-org-410 25 45 Index Index NNP dx-doi-org-410 25 46 Cabell Cabell NNP dx-doi-org-410 25 47 Publishing Publishing NNP dx-doi-org-410 25 48 Inc. Inc. NNP dx-doi-org-410 25 49 DOAJ DOAJ VBD dx-doi-org-410 25 50 EBSCOhost EBSCOhost NNP dx-doi-org-410 25 51 ERIC ERIC NNP dx-doi-org-410 25 52 ERIH ERIH NNP dx-doi-org-410 25 53 PLUS PLUS NNP dx-doi-org-410 25 54 Érudit Érudit NNP dx-doi-org-410 25 55 Google Google NNP dx-doi-org-410 25 56 Scholar Scholar NNP dx-doi-org-410 25 57 H.W. H.W. NNP dx-doi-org-410 26 1 Wilson Wilson NNP dx-doi-org-410 26 2 Company Company NNP dx-doi-org-410 26 3 Index Index NNP dx-doi-org-410 26 4 Copernicus Copernicus NNP dx-doi-org-410 26 5 International International NNP dx-doi-org-410 26 6 OCLC OCLC NNP dx-doi-org-410 26 7 Education Education NNP dx-doi-org-410 26 8 Index Index NNP dx-doi-org-410 26 9 ProQuest ProQuest NNP dx-doi-org-410 26 10 Taylor Taylor NNP dx-doi-org-410 26 11 & & CC dx-doi-org-410 26 12 Francis Francis NNP dx-doi-org-410 26 13 Ulrich Ulrich NNP dx-doi-org-410 26 14 's 's POS dx-doi-org-410 26 15 Web web NN dx-doi-org-410 26 16 OUR our PRP$ dx-doi-org-410 26 17 SPONSORS SPONSORS NNP dx-doi-org-410 26 18 Athabasca Athabasca NNP dx-doi-org-410 26 19 University University NNP dx-doi-org-410 26 20 AU AU NNP dx-doi-org-410 26 21 Press Press NNP dx-doi-org-410 26 22 SSHRC SSHRC VBD dx-doi-org-410 26 23 INFORMATION information NN dx-doi-org-410 26 24 For for IN dx-doi-org-410 26 25 Readers reader NNS dx-doi-org-410 26 26 For for IN dx-doi-org-410 26 27 Authors author NNS dx-doi-org-410 26 28 For for IN dx-doi-org-410 26 29 Librarians Librarians NNPS dx-doi-org-410 26 30 Open open VBP dx-doi-org-410 26 31 Access access NN dx-doi-org-410 26 32 Policy policy NN dx-doi-org-410 26 33 About about IN dx-doi-org-410 26 34 Open Open NNP dx-doi-org-410 26 35 Journal Journal NNP dx-doi-org-410 26 36 Systems Systems NNPS dx-doi-org-410 26 37 STAY STAY NNP dx-doi-org-410 26 38 CONNECTED connect VBN dx-doi-org-410 26 39 RSS RSS NNP dx-doi-org-410 26 40 2.0 2.0 CD dx-doi-org-410 26 41 ( ( -LRB- dx-doi-org-410 26 42 current current JJ dx-doi-org-410 26 43 issue issue NN dx-doi-org-410 26 44 ) ) -RRB- dx-doi-org-410 26 45 RSS RSS NNP dx-doi-org-410 26 46 1.0 1.0 CD dx-doi-org-410 26 47 ( ( -LRB- dx-doi-org-410 26 48 current current JJ dx-doi-org-410 26 49 issue issue NN dx-doi-org-410 26 50 ) ) -RRB- dx-doi-org-410 26 51 Atom atom NN dx-doi-org-410 26 52 1.0 1.0 CD dx-doi-org-410 26 53 ( ( -LRB- dx-doi-org-410 26 54 current current JJ dx-doi-org-410 26 55 issue issue NN dx-doi-org-410 26 56 ) ) -RRB- dx-doi-org-410 26 57                                   _SP dx-doi-org-410 26 58 This this DT dx-doi-org-410 26 59 work work NN dx-doi-org-410 26 60 is be VBZ dx-doi-org-410 26 61 licensed license VBN dx-doi-org-410 26 62 under under IN dx-doi-org-410 26 63 a a DT dx-doi-org-410 26 64 Creative Creative NNP dx-doi-org-410 26 65 Commons Commons NNP dx-doi-org-410 26 66 Attribution Attribution NNP dx-doi-org-410 26 67 4.0 4.0 CD dx-doi-org-410 26 68 International International NNP dx-doi-org-410 26 69 License License NNP dx-doi-org-410 26 70 . . .