Summary of your 'study carrel' ============================== This is a summary of your Distant Reader 'study carrel'. The Distant Reader harvested & cached your content into a collection/corpus. It then applied sets of natural language processing and text mining against the collection. The results of this process was reduced to a database file -- a 'study carrel'. The study carrel can then be queried, thus bringing light specific characteristics for your collection. These characteristics can help you summarize the collection as well as enumerate things you might want to investigate more closely. This report is a terse narrative report, and when processing is complete you will be linked to a more complete narrative report. Eric Lease Morgan Number of items in the collection; 'How big is my corpus?' ---------------------------------------------------------- 43 Average length of all items measured in words; "More or less, how big is each item?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 6394 Average readability score of all items (0 = difficult; 100 = easy) ------------------------------------------------------------------ 48 Top 50 statistically significant keywords; "What is my collection about?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 43 worker 9 COVID-19 7 health 6 healthcare 5 work 5 covid-19 4 Health 3 social 3 patient 3 migrant 3 exposure 2 union 2 sex 2 safety 2 risk 2 labour 2 effect 2 PPE 2 OSH 2 India 2 China 1 woman 1 welfare 1 waste 1 wage 1 volunteer 1 travel 1 time 1 supply 1 study 1 sleep 1 skill 1 silica 1 shift 1 schumpeterian 1 respiratory 1 reproductive 1 pulmonary 1 public 1 programme 1 precarity 1 politic 1 pneumoconiosis 1 platform 1 pay 1 occupational 1 medical 1 mask 1 lung 1 job Top 50 lemmatized nouns; "What is discussed?" --------------------------------------------- 2639 worker 1605 health 890 work 686 study 614 healthcare 610 risk 524 % 486 disease 477 lung 435 time 399 patient 382 service 372 system 371 exposure 354 care 353 safety 341 pandemic 339 labour 308 union 306 effect 304 case 297 job 289 community 287 skill 271 term 267 level 256 country 250 factor 249 hospital 248 state 248 group 245 intervention 241 change 237 review 233 government 231 analysis 230 number 230 need 225 woman 224 model 222 year 216 employee 214 workplace 214 support 213 asbestos 212 research 211 people 210 dust 208 policy 203 response Top 50 proper nouns; "What are the names of persons or places?" -------------------------------------------------------------- 412 COVID-19 363 al 344 Health 305 et 281 PPE 261 . 226 • 134 China 125 US 96 Ghana 87 Workers 87 India 85 TB 78 SARS 76 Africa 73 World 73 PDW 67 South 60 Fig 59 Healthcare 58 Occupational 57 HIV 56 Care 55 Table 55 Global 55 Apostolidis 53 HWRC 51 United 50 Safety 49 Public 49 New 48 Social 47 March 46 Organization 46 National 45 OSH 44 Wuhan 44 Medical 43 Coronavirus 42 UK 42 International 41 States 40 n 40 Development 39 NHS 39 Disease 39 April 38 sha 38 Mental 37 MGNREGA Top 50 personal pronouns nouns; "To whom are things referred?" ------------------------------------------------------------- 982 it 587 they 355 we 218 them 183 i 67 themselves 58 you 47 us 39 one 39 he 33 itself 32 me 26 she 8 him 4 himself 4 herself 3 s 3 ourselves 3 myself 2 oneself 2 her 2 em 2 's 1 t 1 mine 1 -urban Top 50 lemmatized verbs; "What do things do?" --------------------------------------------- 7941 be 1906 have 459 include 436 provide 414 do 404 use 338 work 305 report 279 increase 274 make 270 see 263 develop 240 relate 225 show 222 base 216 identify 214 take 202 give 199 associate 192 need 188 consider 185 reduce 185 find 161 follow 158 require 147 cause 146 address 145 result 142 lead 136 produce 135 involve 132 help 131 exist 131 create 130 affect 124 present 122 support 121 expose 120 become 119 improve 117 assess 107 pay 106 protect 106 compare 104 induce 103 face 101 suggest 101 remain 100 represent 100 contribute Top 50 lemmatized adjectives and adverbs; "How are things described?" --------------------------------------------------------------------- 946 not 654 more 641 also 624 such 538 - 534 other 473 social 454 high 430 well 359 occupational 335 medical 332 public 313 pulmonary 301 new 300 many 293 mental 290 however 286 most 270 as 269 migrant 243 low 239 only 238 non 229 economic 223 long 217 local 201 even 197 large 191 first 191 covid-19 189 specific 187 different 181 often 174 psychological 172 e.g. 169 important 162 global 156 respiratory 146 early 145 urban 143 frontline 140 physical 140 human 140 common 133 up 131 so 129 acute 126 current 125 same 125 particularly Top 50 lemmatized superlative adjectives; "How are things described to the extreme?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 104 most 41 least 34 good 24 Most 23 high 19 large 12 great 9 big 7 bad 6 poor 6 late 6 common 5 early 4 low 4 long 3 strong 3 near 3 fast 3 broad 2 young 2 wide 2 safe 2 rich 2 light 2 full 1 wealthy 1 weak 1 thick 1 staunch 1 slight 1 short 1 old 1 new 1 heavy 1 fine 1 close 1 -which Top 50 lemmatized superlative adverbs; "How do things do to the extreme?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 182 most 30 least 13 well 2 worst 1 lowest Top 50 Internet domains; "What Webbed places are alluded to in this corpus?" ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 17 doi.org 2 www.fhi.no 2 apps.automeris.io 1 www.pneumotox.com 1 www.mohurd.gov.cn 1 www.lepar 1 www.eol.cn 1 www.cwla.org 1 www.chinanews.com 1 www.acf.hhs.gov 1 preventchildabuse.org 1 news.163 1 gaokao.eol.cn 1 covid19.healthserve.org.sg Top 50 URLs; "What is hyperlinked from this corpus?" ---------------------------------------------------- 17 http://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.03.20145607 2 http://www.fhi.no/en/qk/systematic-reviews-hta/map/ 2 http://apps.automeris.io/wpd/ 1 http://www.pneumotox.com 1 http://www.mohurd.gov.cn 1 http://www.lepar 1 http://www.eol.cn/html/g/ydgk/ 1 http://www.cwla.org/coronavirus/ 1 http://www.chinanews.com/edu/zcdt/news/2008/08-29/1365019.shtml 1 http://www.acf.hhs.gov/cb/resource/covid-19-resources 1 http://preventchildabuse.org/coronavirus-resources/ 1 http://news.163 1 http://gaokao.eol.cn/kuai_xun_3075/20130110/t20130110_892022.shtml 1 http://covid19.HealthServe.org.sg/ Top 50 email addresses; "Who are you gonna call?" ------------------------------------------------- Top 50 positive assertions; "What sentences are in the shape of noun-verb-noun?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8 workers are not 4 studies did not 4 study did not 4 workers had higher 3 lungs are particularly 3 pandemic has heavily 3 studies reported healthcare 3 unions do not 3 workers are likely 3 workers are more 3 workers are often 3 workers have also 3 workers is not 3 workers were also 2 covid-19 was not 2 disease is now 2 effects are mainly 2 effects are therefore 2 pandemic have implications 2 ppe is not 2 services were most 2 studies included nurses 2 studies reported data 2 studies reported prevalence 2 studies reported surveys 2 studies was poor 2 studies were distress 2 studies were homogenous 2 study made use 2 system is currently 2 system is extremely 2 union reported more 2 work are not 2 work is often 2 work is properly 2 worker reported anxiety 2 workers are continuously 2 workers are now 2 workers are usually 2 workers do not 2 workers had more 2 workers have not 2 workers have persistently 2 workers produce economic 2 workers showed higher 2 workers were not 1 % did so 1 % following lobectomy 1 % following pneumonectomy 1 % following sublobar Top 50 negative assertions; "What sentences are in the shape of noun-verb-no|not-noun?" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 workers are not only 1 cases are not available 1 covid-19 was not well 1 exposure has no evident 1 exposures do not necessarily 1 pandemic is not completely 1 patient is no longer 1 patients are not necessarily 1 ppe is not onerous 1 ppe is not purely 1 safety is not clear 1 services does not further 1 skills does not only 1 system has not adequately 1 unions is not transformative 1 work are not possible 1 work are not universally 1 work is not intrinsically 1 workers are not yet 1 workers is not currently 1 workers is not reducible A rudimentary bibliography -------------------------- id = cord-272195-c4xypzdx author = Alahmad, Barrak title = COVID-19 stressors on migrant workers in Kuwait: cumulative risk considerations date = 2020-07-08 keywords = COVID-19; Kuwait; worker summary = Local authorities and employers must act quickly to stop the spread, ensure easy access to testing and treatment, provide adequate housing and clear communication, encourage wide social support, safeguard financial protection and mental well-being and continuously re-evaluate the situation as more data are collected. 1 In many countries, migrant workers are recognised as one of the most vulnerable subpopulations, as they: (1) often are excluded from protections provided by public policies; (2) frequently take precarious jobs with less pay and longer hours; (3) often work in unsafe working conditions with little occupational safety and health (OSH) training; and (4) grapple with major cultural and language barriers. 5 6 This work investigates the multiple stressors associated with the COVID-19 pandemic on migrant workers by applying a holistic CRA framework, using Kuwait as an example. Migrant workers who are in non-essential businesses that remain closed could Figure 1 A cumulative risk assessment framework for occupational health and safety with four overlapping domains described by Fox et al. doi = 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-002995 id = cord-035133-znbqpwgu author = Aye, Baba title = Health Workers on the Frontline Struggle for Health as a Social Common date = 2020-11-10 keywords = health; social; worker summary = ''Since the 1970s, neoliberal health and social welfare policies around the world shifted resources from the public to the private sector''. An increasing number of workers delivering health and social care in public health systems became fixedterm contract staff. There is a pressing need to go beyond the limited and feeble demonstrations of government''s turn to seeming consideration of health as a social common, and only so during emergencies like the COVID-19 pandemic. Public Services International, the global trade union federation which brings together thirty million workers across the world, about half of which are in the health and social sector has called for ''rapid changes in policies….that put people and planet over profit''. Privatization and Pandemic: A Cross-Country Analysis of COVID-19 Rates and Health-Care Financing Structures doi = 10.1057/s41301-020-00271-z id = cord-258570-3n7jp0l0 author = Baatiema, Leonard title = Community health workers in Ghana: the need for greater policy attention date = 2016-12-02 keywords = Ghana; chws; community; health; worker summary = We argue that CHWs have played critical roles in improving health service delivery and outcomes, including guinea worm eradication, expanded immunisation coverage, maternal and child health, and HIV/AIDS treatment and management. Despite the general consensus about the importance of CHWs among the global health community, health policy interventions to recognise and support optimal delivery of healthcare by CHWs are lacking, especially in LMICs. In Ghana, although a number of studies and reports have highlighted CHWs'' activities, 16 19 20 there is inadequate health policy support for them. Ambiguity further abounds in the mainstream literature on the characterisation of CHWs. 21 However, during the recent United States Agency for International Development (USAID) CHW Evidence Summit, there was some consensus that a CHW is "A health worker who receives standardized training outside the formal nursing or medical curricula to deliver a range of basic health, promotional, educational, and mobilization services and has a defined role within the community system and larger health system". doi = 10.1136/bmjgh-2016-000141 id = cord-344729-sjjedgws author = Bhaskar, Sonu title = Acute Neurological Care in the COVID-19 Era: The Pandemic Health System REsilience PROGRAM (REPROGRAM) Consortium Pathway date = 2020-05-29 keywords = covid-19; healthcare; patient; worker summary = The management of acute neurological conditions, particularly acute ischemic stroke, in the context of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is of importance, considering the risk of infection to the healthcare workers and patients and emerging evidence of the neuroinvasive potential of the virus. Management of patients with acute ischemic stroke during COVID-19 pandemic could be challenging and certain precautions must be taken in order to protect healthcare workers, particularly in the delivery of endovascular treatment, where aerosol could be produced during the procedures, to prevent further vector transmission (9) . Notably, these guidelines concur with the "Consensus Statement from Society for Neuroscience in Anesthesiology & Critical Care" about "Anesthetic Management of Endovascular Treatment of Acute Ischemic Stroke During COVID-19 Pandemic (9), " in that general anesthesia should be used if there are concerns surrounding the need for mid-procedural conversion and intubation which could be very detrimental and could expose the whole team, a scenario that should be avoided at all cost. doi = 10.3389/fneur.2020.00579 id = cord-342185-2umby2l8 author = Cai, Qi title = The mental health of frontline and non-frontline medical workers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: a case-control study date = 2020-07-02 keywords = China; covid-19; medical; worker summary = title: The mental health of frontline and non-frontline medical workers during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: a case-control study RESULTS: Frontline medical workers had higher rates of any mental problem (52.6% vs 34.0%, adjusted OR=1.88, 95% CI=1.57-2.25), anxiety symptoms (15.7% vs 7.4%, adjusted OR=1.95, 95% CI=1.46-2.61), depressed mood (marginally insignificant; 14.3% vs 10.1%, adjusted OR=1.32, 95% CI=0.99-1.76) and insomnia (47.8% vs 29.1%, adjusted OR=1.96, 95% CI=1.63-2.36) than non-frontline medical workers. The present study attempted to compare the immediate psychological impact of the COVID-19 outbreak on frontline and non-frontline medical workers in China. The mental health status of medical workers presented in the current study prompts the need for appropriate measures and timely treatment for COVID-19-related psychological problems. The present study highlighted the mental health problems and unmet needs of medical workers during the COVID-19 epidemic in China, especially among frontline medical workers. doi = 10.1016/j.jad.2020.06.031 id = cord-278996-9lady4pc author = Callander, Denton title = Investigating the effects of COVID-19 on global male sex work populations: a longitudinal study of digital data date = 2020-06-26 keywords = COVID-19; sex; worker summary = Methods This study made use of an existing database of deidentified data extracted from the online profiles maintained by male sex workers on a large, international website. Methods This study made use of an existing database of deidentified data extracted from the online profiles maintained by male sex workers on a large, international website. 20 The online profiles of male sex workers provide a powerful source of data that can be used to investigate the sociobehavioural effects of COVID-19, building on existing methods developed to study HIV and STI-related behaviours and norms among those involved with sex work. To assess the effects of COVID-19 on male sex work online, the following measures were calculated for each month of data collection: (1) number of active profiles, (2) number of new profiles, (3) number of inactive profiles, (4) the average number of visits per profile per day, and (5) proportion of profiles offering virtual sexual services (eg, webcamming, phone sex). doi = 10.1136/sextrans-2020-054550 id = cord-291302-dgpfmx7o author = Cao, Jinya title = A Study of Basic Needs and Psychological Wellbeing of Medical Workers in the Fever Clinic of a Tertiary General Hospital in Beijing during the COVID-19 Outbreak date = 2020-03-30 keywords = worker summary = title: A Study of Basic Needs and Psychological Wellbeing of Medical Workers in the Fever Clinic of a Tertiary General Hospital in Beijing during the COVID-19 Outbreak On the same day, a special 24-h fever clinic was set up in the Emergency Department, Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH). Doctors and nurses for this fever clinic were handpicked by the Emergency Department based on their experience and their adaptability and tenacity under pressure shown in their past works. Thus, a hotline service was set up by the Department of Psychological Medicine, from 9 a.m. to 9 p.m. every day, to talk with medical workers about their feelings, provide support and understanding, and help them find emotional resources. Psychological impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome on health workers in a tertiary hospital We would like to thank all the medical workers for agreeing to participate in our study and for their great work in the fever clinic. doi = 10.1159/000507453 id = cord-333509-dnuakd6h author = Chan, Hui Yun title = Hospitals’ Liabilities in Times of Pandemic: Recalibrating the Legal Obligation to Provide Personal Protective Equipment to Healthcare Workers date = 2020-10-17 keywords = Health; NHS; PPE; healthcare; hospital; worker summary = Recent developments have witnessed strong responses from the public and healthcare workers, ranging from pursuing legal actions against the government or their employers (hospitals) for breaching their obligations of care towards employees to calling for a full public inquiry into pandemic management, including the status of the PPE stockpile. PPE under the Regulations means "all equip-ment…intended to be worn or held by a person at work and which protects the person against one or more risks to that person''s health or safety, and any addition or accessory designed to meet that objective." 29 Consequently, PPE in the hospital context is broad enough to include all equipment that protect healthcare workers from infectious particles arising from aerosol generating procedures, ventilators, respirators or testing facilities with high concentrations of droplets or airborne diseases. Imposing the duty to provide PPE is therefore central in ensuring healthcare workers are protected from the risks of infection and to realise the aim of delivering patient-centred care to the public. doi = 10.1007/s10991-020-09270-z id = cord-300095-a94j7vz4 author = Chan, Lai Gwen title = Mental health and holistic care of migrant workers in Singapore during the COVID-19 pandemic date = 2020-08-11 keywords = migrant; worker summary = When news broke in early April 2020 about the gazetting of 2 large migrant worker dormitories as isolation areas because of clusters of confirmed COVID-19 cases there [5] , HealthServe anticipated the unprecedented magnitude of mental health and psychosocial care needs and stepped forwards with a manual of recommendations on how to engage the migrant worker population as well as how to address the mental health and psychosocial care needs (an adaptation and application of the Interim Briefing Note Mental health and holistic care of migrant workers in Singapore during the COVID-19 pandemic This paper describes a collaborative model between a Non-Governmental Organization and other governmental and healthcare stakeholders in addressing mental health and holistic care of migrant workers, as well as how the model evolved as more real-time experience about this population''s needs and responses were gained. doi = 10.7189/jogh.10.020332 id = cord-330737-6khv4kbj author = Cohen, Jennifer title = Contributing factors to personal protective equipment shortages during the COVID-19 pandemic date = 2020-10-02 keywords = Health; PPE; healthcare; supply; worker summary = Problems from a dysfunctional costing model in hospital operating systems were magnified by a very large demand shock triggered by acute need in healthcare and panicked marketplace behavior that depleted domestic PPE inventories. Removing the profit motive for purchasing PPE in hospital costing models and pursuing strategic industrial policy to reduce the US dependence on imported PPE will both help to better protect healthcare workers with adequate supplies of PPE. Since early 2020 the US has experienced a severe shortage of personal protective equipment (PPE) needed by healthcare workers fighting the COVID-19 pandemic (Emanuel et al., 2020; Livingston, Desai, & Berkwits, 2020) . We now turn to our analysis of PPE shortages, which identifies on four contributing factors: the way that hospitals budget for PPE, domestic demand shocks, federal government failures, and disruptions to the global supply chain (Figure 2 ). doi = 10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106263 id = cord-023509-tvqpv6fp author = Corrin, Bryan title = Occupational, environmental and iatrogenic lung disease date = 2011-03-02 keywords = Fig; alveolar; asbestos; cause; disease; drug; dust; effect; exposure; fibre; fibrosis; high; interstitial; lung; patient; pneumoconiosis; pulmonary; respiratory; silica; worker summary = As a general rule, exposure to silica dust extends over many years, often 20 or more, before the symptoms of silicosis first appear: by the time the disease becomes overt clinically, much irreparable damage has been inflicted on the lungs. Confusingly, the term ''acute silicosis'' has since been applied to a further effect of heavy dust exposure in tunnellers, sand blasters and silica flour workers, namely pulmonary alveolar lipoproteinosis (see below), 71, 72 whilst the terms ''accelerated silicosis'' or ''cellular phase silicosis'' have been substituted for ''acute silicosis'' in referring to the rapid development of early cellular lesions. Asbestosis is defined as diffuse interstitial fibrosis of the lung caused by exposure to asbestos dust. The finely divided fume of several metals is highly toxic to the lungs and capable of producing severe acute and chronic damage to both the conductive airways and the alveoli, resulting in acute tracheobronchitis and bronchiolitis, diffuse alveolar damage, obliterative bronchiolitis and pulmonary fibrosis. doi = 10.1016/b978-0-7020-3369-8.00007-0 id = cord-326873-11jgusov author = Dignard, Caroline title = Recent Research on Occupational Animal Exposures and Health Risks: A Narrative Review date = 2019-12-10 keywords = MRSA; animal; exposure; health; worker summary = Occupational exposure to animals is associated with a myriad of health and safety risks, including zoonotic infections, occupational injury, respiratory disease, and cancer [1] [2] [3] [4] . In the last 15 years, research on zoonotic infection risk has dominated the occupational health literature on the animal workforce, highlighting in particular exposure risk to drugresistant bacteria and influenza viruses and subsequent transmission from workers to the general public [6] [7] [8] . Since 2005, research on zoonotic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), particularly the livestock-associated MRSA strains ST398 and CC9, have identified important public health concerns stemming from the misuse and overuse of these antibiotics in agriculture [15] [16] [17] . We identified eight original research papers and one review study focused on topics related to respiratory disease, exposure to allergens and dust, and airborne bacteria among animal workers. Research in 2018 and early 2019 on occupational health and safety topics involving animal workers highlighted the risks and interventions associated with infectious disease, respiratory disease, chemical exposure, and occupational injury. doi = 10.1007/s40572-019-00253-5 id = cord-332977-884z6qrq author = Ehrlich, Rodney title = Current Guidelines for Protecting Health Workers from Occupational Tuberculosis Are Necessary, but Not Sufficient: Towards a Comprehensive Occupational Health Approach date = 2020-06-03 keywords = IPC; health; worker summary = Barriers to IPC implementation vary with the study design and questions asked, but cover the whole gamut: lack of a national regulatory framework and associated budget; lack of management support; unfamiliarity of staff with IPC guidelines; failure to triage or screen patients; insufficient infrastructure and equipment, such as isolation spaces and personal protective equipment (PPE); deficient ventilation; inadequate staffing and training; poor functioning of infection control committees; and neglect of exposed non-clinical staff. A review across Botswana, Zambia, and South Africa of laws relevant to reduction of TB transmission adopted a systems view by focusing on regulations governing national legal and policy frameworks; facility design, construction, and use; patients'' and health workers'' rights; and research, as well as the monitoring of infection control measures and TB surveillance among health workers. Health Care Worker Perspectives on workplace safety, infection control and drug-resistant tuberculosis in a high burden HIV setting doi = 10.3390/ijerph17113957 id = cord-032269-zhk5fyfc author = Gerard, François title = Social protection response to the COVID-19 crisis: options for developing countries date = 2020-08-29 keywords = country; government; programme; social; worker summary = These strategies could include expanding their social insurance system, building on existing social assistance programmes, and involving local governments and non-state institutions to identify and assist vulnerable groups who are otherwise harder to reach. Moreover, setting up a new job retention scheme might be logistically easier than setting up an unemployment insurance programme, as governments could use firms as intermediaries to channel the income support to their workers. Social insurance programmes will fail to reach a large share of households in developing countries, in particular those mostly active in the informal sector of the economy. A comprehensive social protection response could involve local governments and a range of non-state actors to collect better information on these unmet needs and to deliver targeted assistance. Government responses based on social insurance programmes may reach many formal employees and registered self-employed (although coarsely), but will miss the informal sector, which is an important part of developing countries'' workforce. doi = 10.1093/oxrep/graa026 id = cord-347898-appzi43a author = Hu, Zeming title = The Status of Psychological Issues Among Frontline Health Workers Confronting the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic date = 2020-06-05 keywords = covid-19; worker summary = As an increasing number of studies about the transmission routes of severe respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been conducted, healthcare workers who come into direct contact with confirmed or suspected patients are at high risk of infection despite the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). Therefore, effective strategies to subvert mental breakdown among medical providers are needed as part of the public health response to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to the social support systems provided by organizations, building proper self-awareness, peer support, and team support will equip medical workers with the capacity to cope with mental health stress during the current pandemic. Second, social support, including online services and guidelines provided by organizations, should be utilized to timely, effectively, and efficiently mitigate the psychological impacts among health workers. Mental health care for medical staff and affiliated healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic Mental health care for medical staff in China during the COVID-19 outbreak doi = 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00265 id = cord-018125-khhzlt9y author = Jain, Aditya title = Work, Health, Safety and Well-Being: Current State of the Art date = 2018-04-12 keywords = HSW; OSH; health; risk; safety; work; worker summary = It revised the definition at its 12th session in 1995 to read as follows: occupational safety and health should aim at: the promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations; the prevention amongst workers of departures from health caused by their working conditions; the protection of workers in their employment from risks resulting from factors adverse to health; the placing and maintenance of the worker in an occupational environment adapted to his physiological and psychological capabilities; and, to summarize, the adaptation of work to man and of each man to his job. Liberalization of world trade, rapid technological progress, significant developments in transport and communication, shifting patterns of employment, changes in work organization practices, the different employment patterns of men and women, and the size, structure and life cycles of enterprises and of new technologies can all generate new types and patterns of hazards, exposures and risks. doi = 10.1007/978-94-024-1261-1_1 id = cord-353519-cmeociax author = Jay Miller, J. title = Child Welfare Workers and Peritraumatic Distress: The Impact of COVID-19 date = 2020-09-25 keywords = COVID-19; child; welfare; worker summary = This exploratory study examined COVID-19 related peritraumatic distress among child welfare workers (N=1,996) in one southeastern state in the United States (U.S.). Sexual orientation, self-reported physical and mental health, relationship status, supervision status, and financial stability impacted distress levels experienced by child welfare workers. In a broader review of six articles published about the impact of COVID on healthcare workers, Spoorthy, Pratapa, and Mahant (2020) concluded that factors such as gender, age, and lack of social support, among others, were linked to stress, anxiety, and depressive symptoms among study participants. Research Question 1: What are COVID-19 related peritraumatic distress levels among child welfare workers? This study is likely the first to examine COVID-19 related distress among child welfare workers. In addition, though exploratory, the study has a more than adequate sample size of child welfare workers and examines the concept of peritraumatic distress related to the pandemic. doi = 10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105508 id = cord-322293-x4ccpvkn author = Lachish, Tamar title = Humanitarian Aid Workers date = 2018-11-26 keywords = aid; travel; volunteer; worker summary = This group is different from typical travelers because they tend to travel for longer periods, 9, 10 work in close proximity to local populations, and practice high-risk professions (medical work, peacekeeping missions, security, drivers, etc.) in low-resource environments that have poor infrastructures. This contrasts significantly with the many other volunteers sent on behalf of small, sometimes very inexperienced NGOs. Additional data may be extrapolated from few publications that focus on expatriates, long-term travelers, or others focusing on aid workers from different organizations. Traveling to areas following natural disasters or to areas with ongoing violent conflict is common, as is engaging in high-risk work such as peacekeeping missions, security, or medical care where there is little infrastructure. Humanitarian aid workers (HAWs) typically travel for extended periods, work in close proximity to local populations, and work in high-risk environments in low-resource regions. Humanitarian aid workers (HAWs) typically travel for extended periods, work in close proximity to local populations, and work in high-risk environments in low-resource regions. doi = 10.1016/b978-0-323-54696-6.00035-5 id = cord-268285-g5yekx2f author = Le, Aurora B. title = The association between union membership and perceptions of safety climate among US adult workers date = 2020-10-09 keywords = QWL; climate; safety; union; worker summary = Linear regression explored the association between union membership and perceptions of safety climate, controlling for age, sex, education, industry, resource adequacy, supervisor support, co-worker support, and workload. To address this gap in the literature, the objective of this study was to examine the association between union membership and perceptions of workplace safety climate in US adult workers, using data from the General Social Survey (GSS) Quality of Worklife (QWL) Module. A linear regression model was conducted to examine the associations between union membership and perceived safety climate, controlling for the covariates pertaining to perceived safety climate (resource adequacy, supervisor support, co-worker support, workload) and sociodemographic factors (age, sex, education, industry). A secondary data analysis was conducted using the General Social Survey Quality of Worklife module to address the gap on the limited amount of research conducted in this area using a nationally representative sample to explore the relationship between union membership and perceptions of safety climate. doi = 10.1016/j.ssci.2020.105024 id = cord-018106-5giapmcf author = Levin, Jacqueline title = Mental Health Care for Survivors and Healthcare Workers in the Aftermath of an Outbreak date = 2019-05-16 keywords = SARS; healthcare; patient; worker summary = Similar findings have been reported in multiple studies indicating acute and persistently elevated stress levels as well as other emotional sequelae of healthcare workers during and after pandemic disease outbreaks [10] [11] [12] . A study of the psychological impact of the 2003 SARS outbreak on healthcare workers in Singapore found that support from supervisors and colleagues was a significant negative predictor for psychiatric symptoms and PTSD, in addition to clear communication of directives and precautionary measures which also helped reduce psychiatric symptoms [15] . Providing psychiatric care to survivors and healthcare workers in the aftermath of a pandemic outbreak is a complicated, but crucial, imperative in the service of reducing the burden of human suffering. doi = 10.1007/978-3-030-15346-5_11 id = cord-289802-svkssyk6 author = Mirvis, Philip H. title = From inequity to inclusive prosperity: The corporate role date = 2020-06-27 keywords = IBM; business; ceo; company; employee; job; pay; worker summary = Its chairman emeritus and former CEO, Peter Brabeck-Letmathe states, "We believe that the true test of a business is whether it creates value for society over the long term." Over the past fifteen years the company has helped cocoa and dairy farmers in Africa and Latin America to adopt more productive and sustainable agricultural practices and promoted local cluster development among smallholders in Organizational Dynamics (2019) xxx, xxx-xxx ScienceDirect j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w . But corporate values and culture also play a role and select companies are taking affirmative and data-based steps recruit and hire for diversity, equalize pay and promotion rates across different "classes" of employees, and redress economic inequities in society. doi = 10.1016/j.orgdyn.2020.100773 id = cord-354491-23cjm86c author = Muller, A. E. title = The mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic onhealthcare workers, and interventions to help them: a rapid systematic review date = 2020-07-04 keywords = COVID-19; July; healthcare; study; worker summary = Methods: We performed a rapid systematic review to identify, assess and summarize available research on the mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic on healthcare workers. Discussion: Healthcare workers in a variety of fields, positions, and exposure risks are reporting anxiety, depression, sleep problems, and distress during the covid-19 pandemic, but most studies do not report comparative data on mental health symptoms. Six studies reported on the implementation of interventions to prevent or reduce mental health problems caused by the covid-19 pandemic among healthcare workers. While the majority of studies were cross-sectional and assessed as having high risk of bias, several patterns in their findings were evident: more healthcare workers were interested in social support to alieve mental health impacts, only a minority were interested in professional help for these problems, and yet interventions described in the literature largely seemed to focus on relieving individual symptoms. doi = 10.1101/2020.07.03.20145607 id = cord-323482-kk8iyavj author = Muller, Researcher Ashley Elizabeth title = The mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic on healthcare workers, and interventions to help them: a rapid systematic review date = 2020-09-01 keywords = COVID-19; health; healthcare; worker summary = We performed a rapid systematic review to identify, assess and summarize research on the mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic on HCWs (healthcare workers). Our main aim was to perform an updated and more comprehensive rapid systematic review to identify, assess and summarize available research on the mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic on healthcare workers, including a) changes over time, b) prevalence of mental health problems and risk/resilience factors, c) strategies and resources used by healthcare providers to protect their own mental health, d) perceived need and preferences for interventions, and e) healthcare workers'' understandings of their own mental health during the pandemic. show the distribution of anxiety, depression, distress, and sleeping problems among the healthcare workers investigated in the 29 studies, using the authors'' own methods of assessing these outcomes The most commonly reported protective factor associated with reduced risk of mental health problems was having social support 48 ,58 ,69 ,74 . doi = 10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113441 id = cord-287361-cpd4yl6c author = Ng, Qin Xiang title = The Wounded Healer: A Narrative Review of the Mental Health Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Healthcare Workers date = 2020-06-20 keywords = covid-19; worker summary = Expectedly, there have been increasing reports of high rates of anxiety and depressive symptoms amongst frontline medical staff (Lai et al., 2020; Tan et al., 2020) , and calls for healthcare workers involved in the fight against COVID-19 to receive screening and counselling by professional mental health providers. A rapid review of the PubMed and Google Scholar databases using the text words, "COVID-19" OR "nCoV" OR "SARS" OR "SARS-CoV-2" AND "mental health" OR "psychiatry" OR "psychology", "anxiety" OR "depression" OR "stress", up to 5 May, 2020, we found ten observational studies on the mental health effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare workers. -Levels of social support for medical staff were significantly associated with self-efficacy and sleep quality and negatively associated with the level of anxiety and stress. The effects of social support on sleep quality of medical staff treating patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19 doi = 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102258 id = cord-030335-esa9154w author = Pinzón, Carlos title = Algorithmic Analysis of Blockchain Efficiency with Communication Delay date = 2020-03-13 keywords = algorithm; blockchain; time; worker summary = First, a random network model is introduced (in the spirit of, e.g., and Erdös-Renyi [9] ) for specifying blockchains in terms of the speed of block production and communication delays for synchronization among workers. The algorithms are used to estimate the proportion of valid blocks that are produced during a fixed number of growth steps, based on the network model introduced in Section 3, for blockchains with fixed and unbounded number of workers. In general, although presented in this section for the specific purpose of measuring blockchain efficiency, these algorithms can be easily adapted to compute other metrics of interest, such as the speed of growth of the longest branch, the relation between confirmations of a block and the probability of being valid in the long term, or the average length of forks. doi = 10.1007/978-3-030-45234-6_20 id = cord-288591-upnqi1f7 author = Platt, Lucy title = Sex workers must not be forgotten in the COVID-19 response date = 2020-05-15 keywords = sex; worker summary = As countries maintain or adjust public health measures, emergency legislation, and economic policies in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, there is an urgent need to protect the rights of, and to support, the most vulnerable members of society. As with all aspects of health, the ability of sex workers to protect themselves against COVID-19 depends on their individual and interpersonal behaviours, their work environment, the availability of community support, access to health and social services, and broader aspects of the legal and economic environment. 16 Sex worker organisations have rapidly responded to COVID-19 by circulating hardship funds; helping with financial relief applications; advocating for governments to include sex workers in the pandemic response; calling for basic labour rights to facilitate safer working conditions; and providing health and safety guidance for those moving online or unable to stop direct services. doi = 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)31033-3 id = cord-017367-15o6g57q author = Polychronakis, Ioannis title = Workplace Health Promotion Interventions ConcerningWomenWorkers'' Occupational Hazards date = 2008 keywords = Health; OSH; Table; exposure; female; occupational; reproductive; woman; worker summary = While affected by many occupational hazards, some of which are cited in Table 3 .3, women working in the cleaning industry are also disadvantaged due to the fact that (Gavana, Tsoukana, Giannakopoulos, Smyrnakis, & Benos, 2005; Gyorkos et al., 2005; Nakazono, Nii-no, & Ishi, 1985; Skillen, Olson, & Gilbert, 2001; Valeur-Jensen et al., 1999) • Vascular problems (Kovess-Masfety, Sevilla-Dedieu, Rios-Seidel, Nerriere, & Chee, 2006) of the lower extremities due to extended standing (Sandmark, Wiktorin, Hogstedt, Klenell-Hatschek, & Vingard, 1999) in upright position • Voice disorders due to overuse of vocal chords Duff, Proctor, & Yairi, 2004; Kooijman et al., 2006; Kosztyla-Hojna, Rogowski, Ruczaj, Pepinski, & Lobaczuk-Sitnik, 2004; Roy, 1999; Sliwinska-Kowalska et al., 2006; Sulkowski & Kowalska, 2005; Thibeault, Merrill, Roy, Gray, & Smith, 2004; Williams, 2003) • Exposure to increased levels of noise (Behar et al., 2004) • Musculoskeletal problems (Fjellman-Wiklund, Brulin, & Sundelin, 2003; Sandmark, 2000; Yamamoto, Saeki, & Kurumatani, 2003) (handling and lifting small children in day care centres, physical education teachers, inadequate body posture) • Work-related stress (Fjellman-Wiklund et al., 2003; Zidkova & Martinkova, 2003) • Children''s or adolescent''s violent behavior (Lawrence & Green, 2005) doi = 10.1007/978-0-387-73038-7_3 id = cord-333672-ef53l283 author = Potter, Gregory D. M. title = The Future of Shift Work: Circadian Biology Meets Personalised Medicine and Behavioural Science date = 2020-08-07 keywords = TRE; circadian; effect; shift; sleep; worker summary = Because of this, understanding how to alter shift work and zeitgeber (time cue) schedules to enhance circadian system function is likely to be key to improving the health of shift workers. If one could estimate shift workers'' circadian phases in real time and model how subsequent changes in zeitgeber schedules would influence their circadian systems, one could develop tools that use this information to expedite adaptation to shift schedule changes by providing personalised guidance and perhaps even individual-level changes in exposure to light. Among healthy young men undergoing simulated night shift work for 4 days, those who confined their consumption of calorie-containing foods and drinks (i.e., the caloric period) to between breakfast at 07:00 and dinner at 19:00 had superior postbreakfast glucose tolerance after the intervention compared to men who had dinner at 19:00, a meal at 01:30, and breakfast at 07:00 (50) . doi = 10.3389/fnut.2020.00116 id = cord-280561-2t72q2ba author = Rani, Uma title = Platform Work and the COVID-19 Pandemic date = 2020-10-06 keywords = COVID-19; platform; worker summary = The Online Labour Index (OLI), 2 which tracks workers and all the projects and tasks posted on the five largest English-language online web-based labour platforms, shows that since the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, the demand for such tasks declined globally in March 2020 before picking up by the end of April 2020 (see Fig. 1 ). In India, in contrast, both online work demand and labour supply increased in April 2020, after a slight decline during mid-March (see Fig. 3a , b). Other occupations such as creative media and clerical activities picked up in mid-May. It is possible that with the decline in revenues many companies in India are looking at online labour platforms as a substitute for on-site work (Stephany et al. Workers engaged in location-based platforms such as those providing delivery or taxi services are particularly at risk due to the nature of their work as they cannot always ensure social distancing. doi = 10.1007/s41027-020-00273-y id = cord-274628-xu18zf4l author = Ros, Maxime title = Increasing global awareness of timely COVID-19 healthcare guidelines through FPV training tutorials: Portable public health crises teaching method date = 2020-05-21 keywords = COVID-19; FPV; worker summary = METHODS: In order to address this need, we created a downloadable pedagogical video content through first-person point-of-view to rapidly train users on COVID-19 procedures in the Revinax® Handbook mobile App. Eight new tutorials were designed through this technology platform to assist healthcare workers/responders caring for COVID-19 patients. This is also consistent with the social distance requirements to reduce unnecessary close proximity of a formal in-person educational classroom in order to educate and train students as well as J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f communication sought to provide COVID-19 healthcare workers/responders a means to rapidly create educational content that can be deployed (i.e., at any time including just before any medical/surgical procedure) adequately, efficiently, and meaningfully to best alleviate the issues faced by hospitals, health-care workers/responders, and patients. doi = 10.1016/j.nedt.2020.104479 id = cord-030957-45tc5ksf author = Schaap, Andrew title = The politics of precarity date = 2020-08-28 keywords = Apostolidis; Fight; Time; day; politic; precarity; social; work; worker summary = In the final chapters, Apostolidis explores how worker centres might also function synecdochally insofar as the purpose of association is construed not only instrumentally, as protection against the risks associated with precarity, but in terms of their constitutive potential to sustain convivial networks of political possibility for more mutually supportive, creative and pluralistic forms of solidarity than those afforded by traditional unionised spaces. Paul Apostolidis'' book The Fight for Time encapsulates a very similar kind of intellectual-political project as it also seeks to capture the self-understandings of migrant day labourers in their everyday struggles, to reflect on how they resonate with contemporary critical theoretical concepts and to learn how, taken together, these empirical and conceptual insights may lead us to a renewed vision of what a left politics might look like for our age. doi = 10.1057/s41296-020-00435-z id = cord-011808-ev7qv94b author = Sfeir, Maroun M title = Frontline workers sound the alarm: be always sure you’re right, then go ahead date = 2020-06-16 keywords = COVID-19; worker summary = Amid personal protective equipment shortage, clinicians, nurses, and other frontline workers across the world have faced threatening and/or firing for self-protection during this coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. On 30 December 2019, Dr Wenliang Li, a Chinese ophthalmologist at Wuhan Central Hospital, was the first medical professional who raised a concern in an online chatroom alarming the healthcare personnel of an outbreak related to a severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-like infection in seven inpatients admitted with severe respiratory tract infections after they visited the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market in Wuhan, China. 2 For instance, early during the pandemic and before the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommended wearing face coverings in public settings on 3 April 2020, many clinicians and nurses in the USA confessed that they faced intimidation, threatening or termination for wearing self-supplied masks in the hospitals. doi = 10.1093/pubmed/fdaa066 id = cord-346113-4obj0rs3 author = Srivastava, Ravi title = Growing Precarity, Circular Migration, and the Lockdown in India date = 2020-09-10 keywords = India; migrant; worker summary = The Government of India announced a package of measures to support poor households and workers on March 25, immediately after the imposition of the lockdown. But after the announcement of the second lockdown on April 15, the exodus turned into a tide, with workers and their family members attempting to walk back across thousands of kilometres, even in the face of harassment and worse by government forces. Initially, the central government announced (on April 19) permission to deploy migrant workers within destination states where they were stranded. Since May 2020, the Government of India has announced some follow-up measures to support the affected poor and the migrant workers. We must note that Kerala emerged as an outlier among states by announcing a comprehensive package of Rs. 20,000 crore for protection of livelihoods of workers, including migrant workers, even before the lockdown. As the migrant crisis escalated, sending states announced measures to support stranded migrant workers. doi = 10.1007/s41027-020-00260-3 id = cord-138021-9khfkyh7 author = Stephany, Fabian title = Does it Pay Off to Learn a New Skill? Revealing the Economic Benefits of Cross-Skilling date = 2020-10-22 keywords = skill; wage; worker summary = This work examines the economic benefits of learning a new skill from a different domain: cross-skilling. Based on this skill network, relationships between 3,525 different skills are revealed and marginal effects of learning a new skill can be calculated via workers'' wages. The results indicate that the added economic value of learning a new skill strongly depends on the already existing skill bundle but that acquiring a skill from a different domain is often beneficial. As technological and social transformation is reshuffling jobs'' task profiles at a fast pace, the findings of this study help to clarify skill sets required for mastering new technologies and designing individual training pathways. Anderson constructs a human capital network of skills from online freelancers and shows that workers with diverse skills earn higher wages. The statistical analysis of diverse skill portfolios and wages of online workers allows an evaluation of the economic benefit of learning a new skill. doi = nan id = cord-353277-vd0etd38 author = Tucker, Jennifer L. title = Informal Work and Sustainable Cities: From Formalization to Reparation date = 2020-09-18 keywords = Global; city; economy; environmental; informal; waste; work; worker summary = Too often, policy elites, including those promoting sustainable cities, overlook this value, proposing formalization and relying on deficit-based framings of informal work. Building on our research in India and Paraguay, amplifying critical informality scholarship and centering the knowledge produced by workers'' organizations, we assert that by thinking historically, relationally, and spatially, and redistributing power and resources to workers, we can move beyond formalization to a frame that centers decent work, ecological health, and reparation for uneven legacies of harm. 40 Informal work produces economic, social, and environmental value that sustains lives and urban environments. Thinking historically, relationally, and spatially reveals how the value produced by informal workers subsidize urban economies and ecologies, even as racial capitalism predictably reproduces job scarcity, income inequality, and poverty, the very conditions that impel many to informal work. doi = 10.1016/j.oneear.2020.08.012 id = cord-305439-vca203wo author = Tufts, Steven title = Labouring geography: Negotiating scales, strategies and future directions date = 2009-11-30 keywords = geography; labour; worker summary = Castree (2007) , Lier (2007) , and Ward (2007) have all provided some useful reflection on what future labour geographies might entail in order to remain theoretically relevant to contemporary questions of work, employment, and labour organization. Indeed, Wills (2009) in a recent keynote address differentiated labour geography approaches which illuminate the agency of workers from those that still emphasize the power of neoliberal capital to shape global economic production (defined as the political economy of work). Despite what we see as a need for more research in this area, there are a number of new and important directions in uncovering the role workers and their organizations play in the continued segregation of labour markets and the reproduction of exclusion around such identities as race, gender, ethnicity, and sexuality. As hinted at above, we do not see this as a problem as it would be hard to see any cohesive labour geography project which accommodated research approaches seeking to discipline the agency or workers against capital. doi = 10.1016/j.geoforum.2009.10.006 id = cord-327164-t39zfhdf author = Tufts, Steven title = Hospitality unionism and labour market adjustment: Toward Schumpeterian unionism? date = 2009-11-30 keywords = HWRC; Local; Toronto; labour; schumpeterian; union; worker summary = Instead, such renewed unionism calls for new approaches to servicing that allow workers to self-organize against an employer through mu-tual-aid (see Bacharach et al., 2001) and shift any surplus resources created by greater membership participation to organizing new members within and beyond traditional industrial relations frameworks into a broader labour movement (e.g., representing workers by pressuring employers prior to any formal certification). Instead of arguing for broad changes or ''why can''t Canada be more like Sweden?'', the union settled for ''why can''t Toronto be more like Las Vegas?'' Such a Schumpeterian approach by UNITE-HERE is expected given that the strategic potential to (re)regulate the local labour market through such a centre and the new spaces for engagement created by the re-scaling of state economic development strategies. doi = 10.1016/j.geoforum.2009.08.008 id = cord-278379-wr8j6j36 author = Vasudevan, Gayathri title = MGNREGA in the Times of COVID-19 and Beyond: Can India do More with Less? date = 2020-09-08 keywords = India; MGNREGA; work; worker summary = This paper makes a case for reorienting a small portion of MGNREGA spending to create micro-entrepreneurs out of the ''reverse migrating'' masons, electricians, plumbers and others in rural areas who can directly contribute to augmenting health and sanitization infrastructure in the likely new normal. We propose approval of a new work type for sanitization works without any hard asset creation under MGNREGA and roping in the private sector for its project management skills to quickly skill up the returning migrants as well as to match work with workers on an ongoing basis. Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act (referred to as MGNREGA 1 hereafter) was introduced by Government of India in 2005 to target causes of chronic poverty through the ''works'' (projects) that are undertaken, and thus ensuring sustainable development for all. doi = 10.1007/s41027-020-00247-0 id = cord-280055-5iwo6tlb author = Vieira, Tiago title = The lose-lose dilemmas of Barcelona’s platform delivery workers in the age of COVID-19 date = 2020-12-31 keywords = COVID-19; PDW; group; work; worker summary = COMPANY -dealing with aspects of the relation with the companies (mainly doubts and complaints shared among peers, before/instead of addressing the company itself); LABOR RHYTHM -related to the ongoing movement of demands made by clients (usually to assess if low levels of requests were an individual situation or a broader issue); POLICE/SECURITY -shared information about (past or present) police controls and other aspects that could jeopardize the security of PDW, such as requests for delivery of illicit substances; RENTED ACCOUNTS -information on accounts to be rented (essentially from people procuring them, but also some advertising and some doubts'' clarification); STATE -discussion all aspects related to the relation of PDW with the state, mainly: the decision of the state of emergency, its renewal and its implications, and clarification of doubts on issues related with taxes and social security; COVID -information and debate of news and concerns directly related to COVID-19 (the evolution of numbers, who is to blame, what measures to take to reduce of the possibility of being infected); SERVICES -advertisement, sharing or procurement of services, disregard how work-related they are: second-hand backpacks, bikes'' workshops, flats for rent, cigarettes, fuel, videogames or even direct requests to workers seeking to avoid the fees charged by the apps; OTHER -jokes, memes, motivational messages of various sorts. doi = 10.1016/j.ssaho.2020.100059 id = cord-292409-hz5qj1fw author = Viterbo, Lilian Monteiro Ferrari title = Workers’ Healthcare Assistance Model (WHAM): Development, Validation, and Assessment of Sustainable Return on Investment (S-ROI) date = 2020-04-30 keywords = Health; ROI; WHAM; WHRI; risk; worker summary = In this context, it is necessary to discuss a model of assistance in occupational health that is capable of reviewing the central characteristics of the biomedical healthcare assistance model, including: (i) organization of practices focused on the identification of signs and symptoms and the treatment of diseases, with health promotion not being a priority; (ii) assistance is organized based on individual spontaneous demand, with an emphasis on specialization and the use of hard technologies; (iii) the work is developed in a fragmented, hierarchical manner and with inequality across different professional categories; (iv) difficulty in implementing the integrated care due to the lack of understanding of the individual as a multidimensional human being, as well as the lack of communication and integration between the services involved; (v) health planning is seldom used as a management tool; (vi) the training of health professionals is specialized, based on the hegemony of scientific knowledge; and (vii) themes such as interdisciplinary, people-centered care, attachment, and welcoming are not prioritized. doi = 10.3390/ijerph17093143 id = cord-309575-7orflz20 author = Vuolo, Mike title = COVID-19 Mask Requirements as a Workers’ Rights Issue: Parallels to Smoking Bans date = 2020-07-16 keywords = mask; worker summary = Indeed, this point was summarized well by Craig Jelinek, President and CEO of Costco, who stated, "This is not simply a matter of personal choice; a face covering protects not just the wearer, but others too… and our employees are on the front lines." 9 Similar to smoking inside retail shops, restaurants, or public transportation, today''s mask-less patron impedes workers'' rights to safe and healthy occupational environments in addition to posing risks to other patrons. Although a mask refuser or smoker might argue that other patrons could simply frequent mask-wearing/smoke-free establishments, or even not go out at all, such logic neglects workplace rights and risks to workers'' health. Although smoke-free policies are not universal in restaurants and bars (contested locations for mask wearing as well), existing smoking bans offer a clear precedent-a precedent wherein worker''s rights to a healthy work environment ultimately take precedence over patrons'' preferences. doi = 10.1016/j.amepre.2020.07.001 id = cord-018794-stcre6ol author = Wang, Ning title = Promoting Universal Coverage of Basic Public Services Among Urban Residents date = 2014-12-31 keywords = China; migrant; public; worker summary = In 2013, it was made clear in the Report on the Work of the Government that relevant authorities should accelerate reform of the household registration system and related institutions; that they should register eligible rural workers as permanent urban residents in an orderly manner, "progressively expand the coverage of basic public services in urban areas to include all their permanent residents and create an equitable institutional environment for freedom of movement and for people to live and work in contentment." Accordingly, in order to protect the rights of migrants and improve the quality of the process of social urbanization in China, the most significant tasks involve investigating the current status of basic public services in Chinese towns and cities, especially the public services provided for potential new permanent migrant worker residents, and exploring methods to expand the coverage of these basic public services in urban areas to all their permanent residents. doi = 10.1007/978-3-662-46324-6_10 id = cord-316972-5jtd5ytz author = Zhang, Wen-rui title = Mental Health and Psychosocial Problems of Medical Health Workers during the COVID-19 Epidemic in China date = 2020-04-09 keywords = covid-19; health; worker summary = Mental health variables were assessed via the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), the Symptom Check List-revised (SCL-90-R), and the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4), which included a 2-item anxiety scale and a 2-item depression scale (PHQ-2). Among medical health workers, having organic disease was an independent factor for insomnia, anxiety, depression, somatization, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (p < 0.05 or 0.01). Among nonmedical health workers, having organic disease was a risk factor for insomnia, depression, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms (p < 0.01 or 0.05). Medical health workers during the COVID-19 epidemic had high prevalence rates of severe insomnia, anxiety, depression, somatization, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. Our report found potential risk factors for medical health workers to develop insomnia, anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and somatization. Independent factors (i.e., currently having organic disease, living in rural areas, being at risk of contact with COVID-19 patients in hospitals, or being female) were common risk factors for insomnia, anxiety, depression, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms among medical health workers. doi = 10.1159/000507639