cord-029582-kap3tdiy	2020	During the first two months of Virtual Health roll-out, our Stanford primary care providers conducted over 15,000 video and 3,500 telephone visits. Within four weeks after initiating the Virtual Health program, we conducted more than 80 interviews with staff and providers (physicians, advanced practice providers, medical assistants [MAs] ) in Stanford Primary Care to understand their experiences around Virtual Health. We developed a Virtual Health Patient Engagement model that incorporated principles of the NAM Quintuple Aim,4 which evolved from the NAM Triple Aim (quality of care, cost, patient experience) to include patient equity and inclusion, and prevention of provider burnout.5 Drawing from the WellMD model, 6 we considered factors to support patient engagement in Virtual Health, including system/technology support, support by clinical teams, and customized support for self-care ( Figure 1 ). To help providers achieve meaningful connection with Virtual Health patients, the Stanford Presence group developed and distributed five best practices for telepresence communication4:
cord-029626-j6b59y7a	2020	On the other hand, patients before Covid-19 generally reported overall satisfaction with telehealth experiences,7 and recent reports indicate those positive perceptions have continued.8 Patients cite the ease with which they can discuss personal problems when mediated by technology.9 In addition, these virtual "home visits" allow patients to avoid traveling to a clinical setting or waiting there with frustration for a provider who runs late. Covid-19 distancing requirements have also accelerated the adoption of interactive digital tools to facilitate team connections,13 including the use of video conferencing and online discussion forums.14 Health care organizations hold virtual Q&A sessions to exchange up-to-date Covid-19 information with staff. However, identifying and improving one''s skills for engaging in meaningful virtual " communications with patients and colleagues can help ensure that human connection prospers in the midst of, and beyond, the changes wrought by the Covid-19 pandemic.
cord-034975-gud4dow5	2020	The analysis then focuses on synthetic media, first engaging with the capacity to create synthetic likenesses (deepfakes), then moving onto synthetic personalities (virtual influencers) and synthetic worlds (Extended Reality). Currently, the primary use of deepfakes is for synthetic pornography, as in transposing the faces of celebrities or former partners onto the bodies of performers in pornographic videos; however, there are clear threats coming from improvements in the technology itself, such as reducing the quantity of necessary input and increasing the quality of output, and from its pairing with other techniques, including big data-based precision targeting to identify those most susceptible to believing the synthetic content (Paul and Posard 2020) . Recent developments in today''s media also involve the creation of synthetic personalities, primarily as virtual influencers (VIs). An additional benefit of VIs is their independence from real-world context: for example, while coronavirus lockdowns issued by governments have significantly constrained opportunities (travel, public appearances etc.) for human influencers, virtual ones can continue regardless (Deighton 2020).
cord-146606-ee5s2pjs	2020	Virtual Reality (VR) has the potential to change the way information workers work: it enables personal bespoke working environments even on the go and allows new collaboration approaches that can help mitigate the effects of physical distance. Head-mounted devices (HMDs) have become light, cheap, supporting high-resolution displays that are on par with available screens (such as HP Reverb''s 2160 x 2160 display), they may use inside-out optical tracking, which requires no special setups of the user''s environment, enable optical hand tracking for controller-less interaction, support video pass-through for occasional interaction with the external world and be driven by existing laptops and tablets. By designing interaction for a small input space, the user may be able to keep his familiar working gestures and muscle memory in many different physical environments.
cord-243596-ryyokrdx	2020	In a mixed-design study, healthy participants (N=16, 8 females) completed one of the easy or hard trajectories of the virtual therapy game in standing and seated arrangements using a virtual-reality headset. The results from participants'' movement accuracy, task completion time, and usability questionnaires indicate that participants had significant performance differences on two levels of the game based on its difficulty (between-subjects factor), but no difference in seated and standing configurations (within-subjects factor). In this paper, we introduce a creative drawing game for virtual therapy and investigate user''s comfort, range of motion and movement in multiple scenarios and configurations in a pilot study. The working hypothesis of this study was that our creative drawing VR game would be effective when integrated into therapy by analyzing improved Task Completion Time (TCT), accuracy based on lower number of the mistakes, and user experience (UX).
cord-255589-f8uf4kvf	2020	4 In order to provide our residents with suturing experience during the pandemic, the oculoplastics team at New York University created a virtual suture training wet lab curriculum; this didactic incorporates elements of the in-person suturing didactics at Bascom Palmer Eye Institute. The residents had two virtual training sessions which included group discussion and wet lab breakout rooms with a 1:1 or 1:2 attending to resident ratio using the zoom video platform. Residents were additionally graded on suturing technique prior to instruction and at the final performance evaluation (Table) Overall surgical confidence faculty members of the New York University ophthalmology department; the resident with the highest point total received recognition. Our introductory experience with virtual wet labs has shown that virtual suture instruction can be an effective and viable mode of oculoplastics education for junior residents mastering basic suturing techniques. Our hope is that residency programs will be encouraged to utilize virtual surgical training in ophthalmology education in this new era of telehealth.
cord-258269-ig8i9278	2020	
cord-258550-8ynduijm	2020	title: Rapid Adaptation of Cancer Education in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evaluation of a Live Virtual Statistics and Research Skills Workshop for Oncology Trainees Due to COVID-19, an annual interactive statistics and research methodology workshop for radiation oncology trainees was adapted at short notice into a live virtual format. The SMART workshop program is composed largely of short didactic lectures given by the biostatisticians to align with learning outcomes, followed by highly interactive small-group sessions led by the radiation oncologist facilitators [6] . Trainees were asked their views on the educational value of the workshop components (didactic and interactive) and to rate their experience against the pre-prescribed LOs. Opinions around the logistical, technical and networking/social aspects of the virtual delivery format were sought as well thoughts about digital delivery methods for future educational activities.
cord-273926-7556mk88	2020	title: Virtual clinics: Need of the hour, a way forward in the future. Virtual clinics: Need of the hour, a way forward in the future. There are no conflicts of interest Virtual clinics: Need of the hour, a way forward in the future. The whole concept of social distancing 2 and keeping people in self isolation has reduced footfall to the hospitals but this is affecting delivery of routine care to patients for other illnesses in the hospital and telehealth is an upcoming way to reduce the risk of cross contamination as well as reduce close contact without affecting the quality of health care delivered 3 . We have increased the use of these virtual clinics, with the onset of the novel Coronavirus pandemic, in order to reduce the patient footfall to our clinics. In order to achieve this, we have started virtual clinics for nearly all patients in order to triage patients that can do without having to come to the hospital for now.
cord-276273-26ktt0zw	2020	In this article, we analyze virtual care models in Canada and argue that although they can improve access to health services, policy-makers must approach them with caution due to quality of care and privacy issues. One possible benefit of the virtual walk-in clinic model is improved access to care for patients who do not have family physicians or who live in remote areas without doctors. Saskatchewan''s Information and Privacy Commissioner recently cautioned health professionals and patients to "be careful what you sign up for." 23 Alberta''s Commissioner similarly noted "concerns" with Babylon and launched an investigation into the app. Given that continuity of care is linked to better patient outcomes, it is essential for governments to implement policies ensuring that all Canadians have access to a consistent primary care provider, rather than relying on virtual walk-in clinics as anyone''s main point of contact with the healthcare system.
cord-278722-hox9m5mv	2020	Conclusion The Virtual Conversation series emphasizing different medical aspects of COVID-19 provided a unique benefit to medical students'' understanding of the current landscape of healthcare, the anticipation of their future roles as physicians, connectedness with their community, and opportunity to practice flexibility as they begin to apply online learning with real-world situations in the health system. The Virtual Conversation series emphasizing different medical aspects of COVID-19 provided a unique benefit to medical students'' understanding of the current landscape of healthcare, the anticipation of their future roles as physicians, connectedness with their community, and opportunity to practice flexibility as they begin to apply online learning with real-world situations in the health system. As the COVID-19 pandemic evolved and social distancing measures were put into place, medical students faced numerous obstacles relating to their education such as the inability to gather with peers, lost sense of community, inadequate opportunities to practice crucial clinical skills, uncertainties of their roles in rotations, as well as individually grappling with virtual delivery of rigorous and difficult academic content while in quarantine [2, 3] .
cord-282175-4b6wn04j	2020	title: COVID-19 pandemic: personal view to a new model of pediatric practice Virtual consultations deploying recent technology have now replaced the normal practice of routine clinics. Virtual consultations minimise the risk of COVID-19 transmission, promote public protection and reduce the backlog of waiting lists during this time of testing. Virtual clinics are useful tools at the time of COVID-19 pandemic when health care demands are pressing. The preponderance of them are well and parents can provide a detailed allergy focused clinical history guided by clinicians during virtual consultations. In our unit, paediatric allergy team had forethought to launch virtual clinics before recent recommendations from The British Society for Allergy and Clinical Immunology (BSACI) justified this model [2] . In brief, virtual clinics are useful at times of pandemics although they lack direct clinical relationship with patients. Virtual consultations deploy recent technology in medicine and are recommended by professional bodies. COVID-19: pandemic contingency planning for the allergy and immunology clinic
cord-284396-prp8hiz6	2020	Results showed that the large majority of teacher comments about differentiation definitions, assessments, curriculum, grouping and strategies fell in the novice category, and that newer virtual school teachers may struggle in developing skills in differentiation in an online environment. One study found that teachers struggle to find ways to differentiate instruction (Beasley & Beak, 2017) , but beyond that, no research compares differentiation practices of teachers across different types of virtual schools. A differentiated approach to instruction is informed by principles that include providing high quality curriculum, utilizing flexible grouping, and administering ongoing assessments within a community that respects learning activities that are challenging for all students (Tomlinson, 2001; . The best practices of teachers who differentiate instruction involve (a) the collection of information about student interests, learning profiles, and student readiness; (b) cultivation of a community in the classroom, (c) distribution of students into groups that can be easily changed based on the activity, and (d) use of formative assessment for learning (Doubet 2007) .
cord-289931-wqgq0ci4	2020	Importantly, the pre-meeting registration also allows tracking of all participants which is useful for recording attendance, assigning CME credits and having the ability for faculty to logon and complete an online quiz for maintenance of certification (MOC) Part II Credit from American Board of Surgery following the grand rounds presentation. While unwelcome participants could technically register and login (e.g., Zoom-bombing), another layer of security is provided by the "co-host" assignments (given only to the moderator, administrator and speaker) which gives only the co-hosts the ability to share screens and to mute/disable audio and video. In this test run the speaker, On the day of grand rounds, once the speaker is introduced and beginning the presentation, the moderator should be scanning the chat box (where questions are often placed), observing the participant list for any alerts (such as raised virtual hands) and monitoring the time.
cord-290081-pjg00t7g	2020	
cord-292951-7bgavlam	2020	7 In response to the challenges faced by HEI''s to accommodate the 1000 hours of practice-based learning during COVID-19, the CSP issued guidance 8 that compliments that of the Health and Care Professions Council (HCPC), 9 to focus the need for flexible contingency plans to ensure students meet the physiotherapy standards of proficiency on graduation. The aim of this project was, therefore, to develop a novel model for virtual undergraduate clinical placements for physiotherapy students that would allow fulfilment of the postponed 10 placements and be scalable to be delivered nationally throughout Connect and across multiple HEI''s. There was clear demand from our partner HEI''s for student placements and so we developed an initial placement model that combined shadowing virtual clinics with creation of online exercise classes using the Facebook live platform and virtual projects and presentations (figure 1).
cord-293449-frfui61a	2020	Accordingly, Ask everyone to think about pros and cons of all ideas, including their own Understand others'' constraints (e.g., personal challenges) Set aside time dedicated to each member in order to make sure each team member gets adequate opportunity to speak Assess teamwork often Provide feedback to your team members often Follow up to ensure communication still flowing among team members Allocate time for peer evaluations and debriefing sessions Focus on results rather than hours worked taskwork is important, but what will really set effective virtual teams apart right now are teamwork skills. Hence, assessing team members'' teamwork behaviors, providing continuous feedback that highlights any problem areas, and ensuring that employees feel heard will maintain the appropriate collaborations strong. In summary, the key takeaways for virtual teams in the Pandemic include: (1) monitor trust, (2) focus on process gains, (3) foster inclusion through psychological safety, and (4) assess teamwork often.
cord-296560-ehrww6uu	2006	This chapter discusses recent developments in some of the areas that exploit the molecular similarity principle, novel approaches to capture molecular properties by the use of novel descriptors, focuses on a crucial aspect of computational models—their validity, and discusses additional ways to examine data available, such as those from high-throughput screening (HTS) campaigns and to gain more knowledge from this data. The chapter also presents some of the recent applications of methods discussed focusing on the successes of virtual screening applications, database clustering and comparisons (such as drugand in-house-likeness), and the recent large-scale validations of docking and scoring programs. (Note that this has at the same time been shown empirically in virtual screening experiments [42, 43] .) Some of the methods, namely mutual information and genetic programing, have also been evaluated separately for their use in QSAR studies [44] with respect to a dataset which showed some (typical) problems present in the area, such as a very different sizes of ''active'' vs.
cord-302815-28695fws	2020	
cord-306191-xvfybif4	2020	
cord-312212-h5j4f0xq	2020	
cord-322918-9w727lpn	2020	Herein, we share our experience in providing telehealth for patients in a geriatric primary care clinic. Our multisite geriatric clinic, which provides more than 300 primary and geriatric specialty visits weekly within an academic healthcare system, moved quickly to transform most of in-person clinical appointments to virtual care format. In the course of 5 weeks, by eliminating nonurgent in-person visits and rapid implementation of virtual care, we ramped up from zero to 91% of total geriatric primary and outpatient specialty care visits ( Figure 1 ). Virtual care transformation was made possible by institutional commitment, as well as efforts by individual physicians, office staff, information technology specialist, and patients and caregivers. We recognized that the leading concern about telehealth visits among older adults is that healthcare Figure 1 Increasing use of telephone and video virtual care after Michigan shelter-in-place order.
cord-327050-rrgpkwey	2020	METHODS: This retrospective cohort study included diabetic patients referred by the DESP to either a virtual or a traditional doctor''s appointment (face-to-face, F2F) at the Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust (London, UK) between January 2015 and December 2018. A proportion of referrals is directly triaged to F2F, either those identified by the: (i) DESP to likely to require intervention i.e., proliferative retinopathy, best-corrected visual acuity (VA) below 6/18 Snellen (61 Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy [ETDRS] letters); or (ii) triaging MEH ophthalmologist as unsuitable for a virtual consultation (ungradable fundus image in secondary care, vulnerable adult, lens or media opacities, pregnancy, or requirement of interpreter services). The primary study outcome was the proportion of patients who meet hospital guidelines for initial assessment in VC; Fig. 1 Referral pathway from the NHS diabetic eye screening program (DESP) to Moorfields Eye Hospital.
cord-339580-wxlcf9w1	2020	
cord-346528-n2jq03g4	2020	In line with the results of two recent meta-reviews assessing more than 53 systematic reviews and meta-analyses exploring the current use of VR in clinical psychology (Riva et al., , 2019b , existing research supports the clinical use of VR in the assessment and treatment of anxiety disorders, pain management, and eating and weight disorders, with long-term effects that generalize to the real world. In a different study, Suzuki and colleagues (Suzuki et al., 2013 ) combined feedback of interoceptive information (heart rate) with computer-generated augmented reality to produce a "cardiac rubber hand illusion." Their results suggest that the feeling of ownership of the virtual hand is enhanced by cardio-visual feedback in time with the actual heartbeat, supporting the use of this technique to improve emotion regulation.
cord-349741-echy5ks8	2020	
cord-351222-9bfchw4u	2008	
cord-355851-t8xh6327	2020	title: Accessibility of Virtual Visits for Urgent Care Among US Hospitals: a Descriptive Analysis 3 Many hospitals now offer real-time "virtual visits" for common urgent care through their websites, which offer an opportunity to assess the accessibility of a typical telehealth service. Many hospitals have begun offering virtual visits for urgent care with real-time connectivity through their websites. Hospitals used different names for these services such as "e-visits," "virtual urgent care," and "virtual visits." We included links to primary care visits if the website clearly indicated quick access for urgent care. We examined hospital websites and their virtual visit sites, focusing on three accessibility characteristics: general availability, language accommodations, and affordability. Even among hospitals with publicly accessible virtual visits, further limitations included geographic limitations (i.e., accessing care across state lines) and exclusions for chronic health conditions. Virtual visits were not easily or equitably accessible; in general, navigation of hospital websites was challenging.