id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentences	flesch	summary	cache	txt
cord-029201-hkq7wti5	Haukkala, Hiski	Nonpolar Europe? Examining the causes and drivers behind the decline of ordering agents in Europe	2020-07-15		.txt	text/plain	8076	374	54	Taking its cue from International Relations (IR) debates about the effects of polarity (the number of Great Powers) on the evolution of international order (for a chronological lineage, see Waltz 1979; Kegley and Raymond 1994; Mearsheimer 2001; Brooks and Wohlforth 2008; Monteiro 2014) , this article poses the question whether Europe is experiencing not only a period of 'normal' geopolitical contestation, but could it in fact be in a transition towards a state of affairs where it will become void of Great Powers capable of effectively ordering the continent, let alone the wider world. For Bull, it was indeed the existence of shared institutions, such as balance of power and international law, that formed the basis of what he called Table 1 Key characteristics of a successful ordering agent in international politics Material capability Competence, ability to act Political willingness to act in an ordering role Ideational/ideological foundation for organising principles External appeal/legitimacy of ideas, norms and values promoted 'international society'.	./cache/cord-029201-hkq7wti5.txt	./txt/cord-029201-hkq7wti5.txt