Carrel name: keyword-type-cord Creating study carrel named keyword-type-cord Initializing database file: cache/cord-001124-qcjbtflt.json key: cord-001124-qcjbtflt authors: Carrero, Javier Antonio title: Confounding roles for type I interferons during bacterial and viral pathogenesis date: 2013-10-24 journal: International Immunology DOI: 10.1093/intimm/dxt050 sha: doc_id: 1124 cord_uid: qcjbtflt file: cache/cord-001273-plz1ja2e.json key: cord-001273-plz1ja2e authors: Dussurget, Olivier; Bierne, Hélène; Cossart, Pascale title: The bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogenes and the interferon family: type I, type II and type III interferons date: 2014-04-28 journal: Front Cell Infect Microbiol DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2014.00050 sha: doc_id: 1273 cord_uid: plz1ja2e file: cache/cord-008700-knbf8m4x.json key: cord-008700-knbf8m4x authors: Rodrigues, Merlyn R.; Lennette, David A.; Arentsen, Juan J.; Thompson, Charla title: Methods for Rapid Detection of Human Ocular Viral Infections date: 2013-10-30 journal: Ophthalmology DOI: 10.1016/s0161-6420(79)35507-5 sha: doc_id: 8700 cord_uid: knbf8m4x file: cache/cord-004879-pgyzluwp.json key: cord-004879-pgyzluwp authors: nan title: Programmed cell death date: 1994 journal: Experientia DOI: 10.1007/bf02033112 sha: doc_id: 4879 cord_uid: pgyzluwp file: cache/cord-010657-5qtsj8xv.json key: cord-010657-5qtsj8xv authors: Heckman, Carol A.; Dalbey, Walden E. title: Pathogenesis of Lesions Induced in Rat Lung by Chronic Tobacco Smoke Inhalation date: 1982-07-01 journal: J Natl Cancer Inst DOI: 10.1093/jnci/69.1.117 sha: doc_id: 10657 cord_uid: 5qtsj8xv file: cache/cord-015503-j99cgsjt.json key: cord-015503-j99cgsjt authors: Tang, Xiaolu; Wu, Changcheng; Li, Xiang; Song, Yuhe; Yao, Xinmin; Wu, Xinkai; Duan, Yuange; Zhang, Hong; Wang, Yirong; Qian, Zhaohui; Cui, Jie; Lu, Jian title: On the origin and continuing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 date: 2020-03-03 journal: Natl Sci Rev DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwaa036 sha: doc_id: 15503 cord_uid: j99cgsjt file: cache/cord-017248-a37t31u1.json key: cord-017248-a37t31u1 authors: nan title: Alphabetic Listing of Diseases and Conditions date: 2010-05-17 journal: Handbook of Autopsy Practice DOI: 10.1007/978-1-59745-127-7_17 sha: doc_id: 17248 cord_uid: a37t31u1 file: cache/cord-018595-x3tleomb.json key: cord-018595-x3tleomb authors: Dodiuk-Gad, Roni P.; Chung, Wen-Hung; Shear, Neil H. title: Adverse Medication Reactions date: 2017-04-25 journal: Clinical and Basic Immunodermatology DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-29785-9_25 sha: doc_id: 18595 cord_uid: x3tleomb file: cache/cord-025995-nxeg03xj.json key: cord-025995-nxeg03xj authors: Gerba, Charles P.; Goyal, Sagar M. title: Pathogen Removal from Wastewater during Groundwater Recharge date: 2013-11-17 journal: Artificial Recharge of Groundwater DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-250-40549-7.50015-1 sha: doc_id: 25995 cord_uid: nxeg03xj file: cache/cord-026005-f2khcjdy.json key: cord-026005-f2khcjdy authors: López, Alfonso; Martinson, Shannon A. title: Respiratory System, Mediastinum, and Pleurae date: 2017-02-17 journal: Pathologic Basis of Veterinary Disease DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-35775-3.00009-6 sha: doc_id: 26005 cord_uid: f2khcjdy parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 54. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. file: cache/cord-026548-z2ifu1d6.json key: cord-026548-z2ifu1d6 authors: Lagaillardie, Nicolas; Neykova, Rumyana; Yoshida, Nobuko title: Implementing Multiparty Session Types in Rust date: 2020-05-13 journal: Coordination Models and Languages DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-50029-0_8 sha: doc_id: 26548 cord_uid: z2ifu1d6 file: cache/cord-028840-7n77vko9.json key: cord-028840-7n77vko9 authors: Chardonnet, Kostia; Saurin, Alexis; Valiron, Benoît title: Toward a Curry-Howard Equivalence for Linear, Reversible Computation: Work-in-Progress date: 2020-06-17 journal: Reversible Computation DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-52482-1_8 sha: doc_id: 28840 cord_uid: 7n77vko9 file: cache/cord-030631-cc79j9j4.json key: cord-030631-cc79j9j4 authors: Marcus, Benjamin A.; Achenbach, Peter; Ziegler, Anette-Gabriele title: Typ-1-Diabetes: Früherkennung und Ansätze zur Prävention: Update 2020 date: 2020-08-19 journal: Diabetologe DOI: 10.1007/s11428-020-00668-x sha: doc_id: 30631 cord_uid: cc79j9j4 file: cache/cord-031922-3pfxrhbc.json key: cord-031922-3pfxrhbc authors: Petrie, John R title: SGLT2 inhibitors and renal complications in type 1 diabetes date: 2020-09-15 journal: Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol DOI: 10.1016/s2213-8587(20)30311-9 sha: doc_id: 31922 cord_uid: 3pfxrhbc file: cache/cord-103108-vmze2mdx.json key: cord-103108-vmze2mdx authors: Vanheer, Lotte; Schiavo, Andrea Alex; Van Haele, Matthias; Haesen, Tine; Janiszewski, Adrian; Chappell, Joel; Roskams, Tania; Cnop, Miriam; Pasque, Vincent title: Revealing the Key Regulators of Cell Identity in the Human Adult Pancreas date: 2020-09-25 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.09.23.310094 sha: doc_id: 103108 cord_uid: vmze2mdx parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 53. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. file: cache/cord-240471-rz0pj5a3.json key: cord-240471-rz0pj5a3 authors: Dodds, P. S.; Minot, J. R.; Arnold, M. V.; Alshaabi, T.; Adams, J. L.; Dewhurst, D. R.; Reagan, A. J.; Danforth, C. M. title: Probability-turbulence divergence: A tunable allotaxonometric instrument for comparing heavy-tailed categorical distributions date: 2020-08-30 journal: nan DOI: nan sha: doc_id: 240471 cord_uid: rz0pj5a3 file: cache/cord-254404-lrsqrc2u.json key: cord-254404-lrsqrc2u authors: Yañez-Guerra, Luis Alfonso; Zhong, Xingxing; Moghul, Ismail; Butts, Thomas; Zampronio, Cleidiane G; Jones, Alexandra M; Mirabeau, Olivier; Elphick, Maurice R title: Echinoderms provide missing link in the evolution of PrRP/sNPF-type neuropeptide signalling date: 2020-06-24 journal: eLife DOI: 10.7554/elife.57640 sha: doc_id: 254404 cord_uid: lrsqrc2u file: cache/cord-257641-wmbgpnr9.json key: cord-257641-wmbgpnr9 authors: Katsarou, Maria; Grassi, Viviana; Lomazzi, Chiara; Domanin, Maurizio; Trimarchi, Santi title: Acute Retrograde Type A Intramural Hematoma during SARS-CoV-2 time date: 2020-10-15 journal: J Vasc Surg DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2020.09.019 sha: doc_id: 257641 cord_uid: wmbgpnr9 file: cache/cord-259748-x7dq1sy4.json key: cord-259748-x7dq1sy4 authors: Wan, Dongshan; Jiang, Wei; Hao, Junwei title: Research Advances in How the cGAS-STING Pathway Controls the Cellular Inflammatory Response date: 2020-04-28 journal: Front Immunol DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00615 sha: doc_id: 259748 cord_uid: x7dq1sy4 file: cache/cord-259935-xyo2pe4g.json key: cord-259935-xyo2pe4g authors: Wang, Ching-Ying; Lu, Chien-Yi; Li, Shih-Wen; Lai, Chien-Chen; Hua, Chun-Hung; Huang, Su-Hua; Lin, Ying-Ju; Hour, Mann-Jen; Lin, Cheng-Wen title: SARS coronavirus papain-like protease up-regulates the collagen expression through non-Samd TGF-β1 signaling date: 2017-05-02 journal: Virus Res DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2017.04.008 sha: doc_id: 259935 cord_uid: xyo2pe4g file: cache/cord-260793-bb4h255w.json key: cord-260793-bb4h255w authors: Brann, David H.; Tsukahara, Tatsuya; Weinreb, Caleb; Lipovsek, Marcela; Van den Berge, Koen; Gong, Boying; Chance, Rebecca; Macaulay, Iain C.; Chou, Hsin-jung; Fletcher, Russell; Das, Diya; Street, Kelly; de Bezieux, Hector Roux; Choi, Yoon-Gi; Risso, Davide; Dudoit, Sandrine; Purdom, Elizabeth; Mill, Jonathan S.; Hachem, Ralph Abi; Matsunami, Hiroaki; Logan, Darren W.; Goldstein, Bradley J.; Grubb, Matthew S.; Ngai, John; Datta, Sandeep Robert title: Non-neuronal expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry genes in the olfactory system suggests mechanisms underlying COVID-19-associated anosmia date: 2020-05-18 journal: bioRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.03.25.009084 sha: doc_id: 260793 cord_uid: bb4h255w file: cache/cord-262545-bs8p50ig.json key: cord-262545-bs8p50ig authors: Luk, Andrea O. Y.; Ke, Calvin; Lau, Eric S. H.; Wu, Hongjiang; Goggins, William; Ma, Ronald C. W.; Chow, Elaine; Kong, Alice P. S.; So, Wing-Yee; Chan, Juliana C. N. title: Secular trends in incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Hong Kong: A retrospective cohort study date: 2020-02-20 journal: PLoS Med DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003052 sha: doc_id: 262545 cord_uid: bs8p50ig file: cache/cord-265005-e6rpryrh.json key: cord-265005-e6rpryrh authors: Tomasello, Elena; Pollet, Emeline; Vu Manh, Thien-Phong; Uzé, Gilles; Dalod, Marc title: Harnessing Mechanistic Knowledge on Beneficial Versus Deleterious IFN-I Effects to Design Innovative Immunotherapies Targeting Cytokine Activity to Specific Cell Types date: 2014-10-30 journal: Front Immunol DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00526 sha: doc_id: 265005 cord_uid: e6rpryrh file: cache/cord-266488-wc6k06sm.json key: cord-266488-wc6k06sm authors: Feng, Mingqian; Bian, Hejiao; Wu, Xiaolin; Fu, Tianyun; Fu, Ying; Hong, Jessica; Fleming, Bryan D; Flajnik, Martin F; Ho, Mitchell title: Construction and next-generation sequencing analysis of a large phage-displayed V(NAR) single-domain antibody library from six naïve nurse sharks date: 2018-11-07 journal: Antib Ther DOI: 10.1093/abt/tby011 sha: doc_id: 266488 cord_uid: wc6k06sm parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 52. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. file: cache/cord-269734-u43gt8fh.json key: cord-269734-u43gt8fh authors: Teijaro, J.R. title: Pleiotropic Roles of Type 1 Interferons in Antiviral Immune Responses date: 2016-09-20 journal: Adv Immunol DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2016.08.001 sha: doc_id: 269734 cord_uid: u43gt8fh parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 51. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. file: cache/cord-284514-b7no0yrv.json key: cord-284514-b7no0yrv authors: Davies, Robert L; MacCorquodale, Roslyn; Caffrey, Bridget title: Diversity of avian Pasteurella multocida strains based on capsular PCR typing and variation of the OmpA and OmpH outer membrane proteins date: 2003-02-02 journal: Vet Microbiol DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1135(02)00300-0 sha: doc_id: 284514 cord_uid: b7no0yrv parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 50. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 49. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. file: cache/cord-292344-3bj567gr.json /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes key: cord-292344-3bj567gr authors: Zimmet, P. title: The burden of type 2 diabetes: are we doing enough? date: 2003-09-30 journal: Diabetes & Metabolism DOI: 10.1016/s1262-3636(03)72783-9 sha: doc_id: 292344 cord_uid: 3bj567gr file: cache/cord-309795-2kozsv4z.json key: cord-309795-2kozsv4z authors: Dewidar, Bedair; Kahl, Sabine; Pafili, Kalliopi; Roden, Michael title: Metabolic liver disease in diabetes – from mechanisms to clinical trials date: 2020-06-20 journal: Metabolism DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154299 sha: doc_id: 309795 cord_uid: 2kozsv4z file: cache/cord-284608-ba7wq52t.json /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes key: cord-284608-ba7wq52t authors: Sias, Catia; Salichos, Leonidas; Lapa, Daniele; Del Nonno, Franca; Baiocchini, Andrea; Capobianchi, Maria Rosaria; Garbuglia, Anna Rosa title: Alpha, Beta, gamma human PapillomaViruses (HPV) detection with a different sets of primers in oropharyngeal swabs, anal and cervical samples date: 2019-03-04 journal: Virol J DOI: 10.1186/s12985-019-1132-x sha: doc_id: 284608 cord_uid: ba7wq52t file: cache/cord-299756-m0va36er.json /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes key: cord-299756-m0va36er authors: Raaben, Matthijs; Groot Koerkamp, Marian JA; Rottier, Peter JM; de Haan, Cornelis AM title: Type I interferon receptor-independent and -dependent host transcriptional responses to mouse hepatitis coronavirus infection in vivo date: 2009-08-03 journal: BMC Genomics DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-10-350 sha: doc_id: 299756 cord_uid: m0va36er file: cache/cord-293819-tbdsr5iw.json /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable key: cord-293819-tbdsr5iw authors: Carvalho, C.L.; Lopes de Carvalho, I.; Zé-Zé, L.; Núncio, M.S.; Duarte, E.L. title: Tularaemia: A challenging zoonosis date: 2014-01-13 journal: Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2014.01.002 sha: doc_id: 293819 cord_uid: tbdsr5iw file: cache/cord-292908-rbn3foj3.json /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes key: cord-292908-rbn3foj3 authors: Hohdatsu, T.; Sasamoto, T.; Okada, S.; Koyama, H. title: Antigenic analysis of feline coronaviruses with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs): Preparation of MAbs which discriminate between FIPV strain 79-1146 and FECV strain 79-1683 date: 1991-06-30 journal: Veterinary Microbiology DOI: 10.1016/0378-1135(91)90096-x sha: doc_id: 292908 cord_uid: rbn3foj3 file: cache/cord-312955-gs65c3fy.json /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes key: cord-312955-gs65c3fy authors: Schreiber, Gideon title: The Role of Type I Interferons in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of COVID-19 date: 2020-09-30 journal: Front Immunol DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.595739 sha: doc_id: 312955 cord_uid: gs65c3fy file: cache/cord-307128-wwjeu8ie.json /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable key: cord-307128-wwjeu8ie authors: Walz, Lucas; Cohen, Avi J.; Rebaza, Andre P.; Vanchieri, James; Slade, Martin D.; Dela Cruz, Charles S.; Sharma, Lokesh title: Janus Kinase-Inhibitor and Type I Interferon Ability to Produce Favorable Clinical Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis date: 2020-08-11 journal: medRxiv DOI: 10.1101/2020.08.10.20172189 sha: doc_id: 307128 cord_uid: wwjeu8ie file: cache/cord-315094-pzixgqcy.json key: cord-315094-pzixgqcy authors: Benetka, Viviane; Kübber-Heiss, Anna; Kolodziejek, Jolanta; Nowotny, Norbert; Hofmann-Parisot, Margarete; Möstl, Karin title: Prevalence of feline coronavirus types I and II in cats with histopathologically verified feline infectious peritonitis date: 2004-03-26 journal: Vet Microbiol DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2003.07.010 sha: doc_id: 315094 cord_uid: pzixgqcy file: cache/cord-307110-eiobmxp2.json /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable key: cord-307110-eiobmxp2 authors: Zhao, Shan; Li, Wentao; Schuurman, Nancy; van Kuppeveld, Frank; Bosch, Berend-Jan; Egberink, Herman title: Serological Screening for Coronavirus Infections in Cats date: 2019-08-13 journal: Viruses DOI: 10.3390/v11080743 sha: doc_id: 307110 cord_uid: eiobmxp2 file: cache/cord-321878-bnjupaik.json key: cord-321878-bnjupaik authors: Deliwala, Smit S.; Ponnapalli, Anoosha; Seedahmed, Elfateh; Berrou, Mohammed; Bachuwa, Ghassan; Chandran, Arul title: A 29-Year-Old Male with a Fatal Case of COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (CARDS) and Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury (VILI) date: 2020-07-23 journal: Am J Case Rep DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.926136 sha: doc_id: 321878 cord_uid: bnjupaik file: cache/cord-311332-n8tvglif.json /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes key: cord-311332-n8tvglif authors: Kostoff, Ronald N. title: Literature-related discovery: Potential treatments and preventatives for SARS() date: 2011-04-20 journal: Technol Forecast Soc Change DOI: 10.1016/j.techfore.2011.03.022 sha: doc_id: 311332 cord_uid: n8tvglif file: cache/cord-314328-gft6phd6.json /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes key: cord-314328-gft6phd6 authors: Lawrence, C.; Seckold, R.; Smart, C.; King, B. R.; Howley, P.; Feltrin, R.; Smith, T. A.; Roy, R.; Lopez, P. title: Increased paediatric presentations of severe diabetic ketoacidosis in an Australian tertiary centre during the COVID‐19 pandemic date: 2020-10-23 journal: Diabet Med DOI: 10.1111/dme.14417 sha: doc_id: 314328 cord_uid: gft6phd6 file: cache/cord-316943-ef3i96bo.json /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable key: cord-316943-ef3i96bo authors: Sciberras, Justine; Camilleri, Lara Maria; Cuschieri, Sarah title: The burden of type 2 diabetes pre-and during the COVID-19 pandemic – a review date: 2020-10-19 journal: J Diabetes Metab Disord DOI: 10.1007/s40200-020-00656-4 sha: doc_id: 316943 cord_uid: ef3i96bo file: cache/cord-326785-le2t1l8g.json key: cord-326785-le2t1l8g authors: nan title: Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. 163rd meeting, 3–5 July 1991 date: 2005-06-15 journal: J Pathol DOI: 10.1002/path.1711640412 sha: doc_id: 326785 cord_uid: le2t1l8g file: cache/cord-332186-3jy9zoz2.json /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable key: cord-332186-3jy9zoz2 authors: Edens, FW; Parkhurst, CR; Qureshi, MA; Casas, IA; Havenstein, GB title: Atypical Escherichia coli strains and their association with poult enteritis and mortality syndrome date: 1997-07-01 journal: Poultry Science DOI: 10.1093/ps/76.7.952 sha: doc_id: 332186 cord_uid: 3jy9zoz2 file: cache/cord-335382-fk4um9nw.json key: cord-335382-fk4um9nw authors: Farver, Carol F.; Zander, Dani S. title: Molecular Basis of Pulmonary Disease date: 2012-08-10 journal: Molecular Pathology DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-374419-7.00018-4 sha: doc_id: 335382 cord_uid: fk4um9nw file: cache/cord-332133-6hdk8801.json /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes key: cord-332133-6hdk8801 authors: Li, Mao-Zhong; Zhang, Tie-Gang; Li, Ai-Hua; Luo, Ming; Jiao, Yang; Dong, Mei; Gong, Cheng; Huang, Fang title: A Pneumonia Case Associated with Type 2 Polio Vaccine Strains date: 2017-01-05 journal: Chin Med J (Engl) DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.196575 sha: doc_id: 332133 cord_uid: 6hdk8801 file: cache/cord-353867-617f90wq.json key: cord-353867-617f90wq authors: Ory, Marcia G.; Lee, Shinduk; Towne, Samuel D.; Flores, Starr; Gabriel, Olga; Smith, Matthew Lee title: Implementing a Diabetes Education Program to Reduce Health Disparities in South Texas: Application of the RE-AIM Framework for Planning and Evaluation date: 2020-08-30 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17176312 sha: doc_id: 353867 cord_uid: 617f90wq file: cache/cord-334588-2vy4xkz6.json /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes key: cord-334588-2vy4xkz6 authors: Klaumann, Francini; Correa-Fiz, Florencia; Franzo, Giovanni; Sibila, Marina; Núñez, José I.; Segalés, Joaquim title: Current Knowledge on Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3): A Novel Virus With a Yet Unknown Impact on the Swine Industry date: 2018-12-12 journal: Front Vet Sci DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00315 sha: doc_id: 334588 cord_uid: 2vy4xkz6 file: cache/cord-329398-8o39bwv7.json /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes key: cord-329398-8o39bwv7 authors: Li, Kunwei; Fang, Yijie; Li, Wenjuan; Pan, Cunxue; Qin, Peixin; Zhong, Yinghua; Liu, Xueguo; Huang, Mingqian; Liao, Yuting; Li, Shaolin title: CT image visual quantitative evaluation and clinical classification of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) date: 2020-03-25 journal: Eur Radiol DOI: 10.1007/s00330-020-06817-6 sha: doc_id: 329398 cord_uid: 8o39bwv7 file: cache/cord-355239-fc52dn3v.json key: cord-355239-fc52dn3v authors: Kato, Kentaro; Ishiwa, Akiko title: The Role of Carbohydrates in Infection Strategies of Enteric Pathogens date: 2014-11-15 journal: Trop Med Health DOI: 10.2149/tmh.2014-25 sha: doc_id: 355239 cord_uid: fc52dn3v file: cache/cord-336201-fl606l3b.json /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable key: cord-336201-fl606l3b authors: Daryabor, Gholamreza; Atashzar, Mohamad Reza; Kabelitz, Dieter; Meri, Seppo; Kalantar, Kurosh title: The Effects of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Organ Metabolism and the Immune System date: 2020-07-22 journal: Front Immunol DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01582 sha: doc_id: 336201 cord_uid: fl606l3b file: cache/cord-343409-oao75pzy.json /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes key: cord-343409-oao75pzy authors: Hayward, Joshua A; Tachedjian, Mary; Cui, Jie; Field, Hume; Holmes, Edward C; Wang, Lin-Fa; Tachedjian, Gilda title: Identification of diverse full-length endogenous betaretroviruses in megabats and microbats date: 2013-03-27 journal: Retrovirology DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-10-35 sha: doc_id: 343409 cord_uid: oao75pzy file: cache/cord-347207-1u4i6qmc.json /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes key: cord-347207-1u4i6qmc authors: Almomani, Huda Y.; Pascual, Carlos Rodriguez; Al-Azzam, Sayer I.; Ahmadi, Keivan title: Randomised controlled trial of pharmacist-led patient counselling in controlling hypoglycaemic attacks in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (rose-adam): A study protocol date: 2020-07-29 journal: Res Social Adm Pharm DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.07.012 sha: doc_id: 347207 cord_uid: 1u4i6qmc file: cache/cord-343982-ymaql0hx.json /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes key: cord-343982-ymaql0hx authors: Carr, M. J.; Wright, A. K.; Leelarathna, L.; Thabit, H.; Milne, N.; Kanumilli, N.; Ashcroft, D. M.; Rutter, M. K. title: Impact of COVID-19 on the diagnoses, HbA1c monitoring and mortality in people with type 2 diabetes: a UK-wide cohort study involving 13 million people in primary care date: 2020-10-27 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.10.25.20200675 sha: doc_id: 343982 cord_uid: ymaql0hx file: cache/cord-344093-3bniy5b5.json /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/json2txt-carrel.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable key: cord-344093-3bniy5b5 authors: Peteranderl, Christin; Herold, Susanne title: The Impact of the Interferon/TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand Signaling Axis on Disease Progression in Respiratory Viral Infection and Beyond date: 2017-03-22 journal: Front Immunol DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00313 sha: doc_id: 344093 cord_uid: 3bniy5b5 file: cache/cord-350571-6tapkjb6.json key: cord-350571-6tapkjb6 authors: nan title: 45th ESCP-NSF international symposium on clinical pharmacy: clinical pharmacy tackling inequalities and access to health care. Oslo, Norway, 5–7 October 2016 date: 2017-01-10 journal: Int J Clin Pharm DOI: 10.1007/s11096-016-0404-4 sha: doc_id: 350571 cord_uid: 6tapkjb6 file: cache/cord-010119-t1x9gknd.json key: cord-010119-t1x9gknd authors: nan title: Abstract Presentations from the AABB Annual Meeting San Diego, CA ctober 7‐10, 2017 date: 2017-09-04 journal: Transfusion DOI: 10.1111/trf.14286 sha: doc_id: 10119 cord_uid: t1x9gknd Reading metadata file and updating bibliogrpahics === updating bibliographic database Building study carrel named keyword-type-cord === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 10452 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 9339 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 9093 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 10460 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 10564 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 10819 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 10187 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 11055 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 9581 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 11030 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 9802 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 10282 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 9417 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 11087 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === id: cord-332133-6hdk8801 author: Li, Mao-Zhong title: A Pneumonia Case Associated with Type 2 Polio Vaccine Strains date: 2017-01-05 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-332133-6hdk8801.txt cache: ./cache/cord-332133-6hdk8801.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-332133-6hdk8801.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-257641-wmbgpnr9 author: Katsarou, Maria title: Acute Retrograde Type A Intramural Hematoma during SARS-CoV-2 time date: 2020-10-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-257641-wmbgpnr9.txt cache: ./cache/cord-257641-wmbgpnr9.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-257641-wmbgpnr9.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-031922-3pfxrhbc author: Petrie, John R title: SGLT2 inhibitors and renal complications in type 1 diabetes date: 2020-09-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-031922-3pfxrhbc.txt cache: ./cache/cord-031922-3pfxrhbc.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-031922-3pfxrhbc.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-028840-7n77vko9 author: Chardonnet, Kostia title: Toward a Curry-Howard Equivalence for Linear, Reversible Computation: Work-in-Progress date: 2020-06-17 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-028840-7n77vko9.txt cache: ./cache/cord-028840-7n77vko9.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-028840-7n77vko9.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-030631-cc79j9j4 author: Marcus, Benjamin A. title: Typ-1-Diabetes: Früherkennung und Ansätze zur Prävention: Update 2020 date: 2020-08-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-030631-cc79j9j4.txt cache: ./cache/cord-030631-cc79j9j4.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-030631-cc79j9j4.txt' === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 10654 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === id: cord-321878-bnjupaik author: Deliwala, Smit S. title: A 29-Year-Old Male with a Fatal Case of COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (CARDS) and Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury (VILI) date: 2020-07-23 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-321878-bnjupaik.txt cache: ./cache/cord-321878-bnjupaik.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-321878-bnjupaik.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-008700-knbf8m4x author: Rodrigues, Merlyn R. title: Methods for Rapid Detection of Human Ocular Viral Infections date: 2013-10-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-008700-knbf8m4x.txt cache: ./cache/cord-008700-knbf8m4x.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-008700-knbf8m4x.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-292908-rbn3foj3 author: Hohdatsu, T. title: Antigenic analysis of feline coronaviruses with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs): Preparation of MAbs which discriminate between FIPV strain 79-1146 and FECV strain 79-1683 date: 1991-06-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-292908-rbn3foj3.txt cache: ./cache/cord-292908-rbn3foj3.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-292908-rbn3foj3.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-314328-gft6phd6 author: Lawrence, C. title: Increased paediatric presentations of severe diabetic ketoacidosis in an Australian tertiary centre during the COVID‐19 pandemic date: 2020-10-23 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-314328-gft6phd6.txt cache: ./cache/cord-314328-gft6phd6.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-314328-gft6phd6.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-026548-z2ifu1d6 author: Lagaillardie, Nicolas title: Implementing Multiparty Session Types in Rust date: 2020-05-13 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-026548-z2ifu1d6.txt cache: ./cache/cord-026548-z2ifu1d6.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-026548-z2ifu1d6.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-259935-xyo2pe4g author: Wang, Ching-Ying title: SARS coronavirus papain-like protease up-regulates the collagen expression through non-Samd TGF-β1 signaling date: 2017-05-02 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-259935-xyo2pe4g.txt cache: ./cache/cord-259935-xyo2pe4g.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-259935-xyo2pe4g.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-299756-m0va36er author: Raaben, Matthijs title: Type I interferon receptor-independent and -dependent host transcriptional responses to mouse hepatitis coronavirus infection in vivo date: 2009-08-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-299756-m0va36er.txt cache: ./cache/cord-299756-m0va36er.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-299756-m0va36er.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-010657-5qtsj8xv author: Heckman, Carol A. title: Pathogenesis of Lesions Induced in Rat Lung by Chronic Tobacco Smoke Inhalation date: 1982-07-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-010657-5qtsj8xv.txt cache: ./cache/cord-010657-5qtsj8xv.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-010657-5qtsj8xv.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-292344-3bj567gr author: Zimmet, P. title: The burden of type 2 diabetes: are we doing enough? date: 2003-09-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-292344-3bj567gr.txt cache: ./cache/cord-292344-3bj567gr.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-292344-3bj567gr.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-015503-j99cgsjt author: Tang, Xiaolu title: On the origin and continuing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 date: 2020-03-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-015503-j99cgsjt.txt cache: ./cache/cord-015503-j99cgsjt.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-015503-j99cgsjt.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-307128-wwjeu8ie author: Walz, Lucas title: Janus Kinase-Inhibitor and Type I Interferon Ability to Produce Favorable Clinical Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis date: 2020-08-11 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-307128-wwjeu8ie.txt cache: ./cache/cord-307128-wwjeu8ie.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-307128-wwjeu8ie.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-284514-b7no0yrv author: Davies, Robert L title: Diversity of avian Pasteurella multocida strains based on capsular PCR typing and variation of the OmpA and OmpH outer membrane proteins date: 2003-02-02 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-284514-b7no0yrv.txt cache: ./cache/cord-284514-b7no0yrv.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-284514-b7no0yrv.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-001124-qcjbtflt author: Carrero, Javier Antonio title: Confounding roles for type I interferons during bacterial and viral pathogenesis date: 2013-10-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-001124-qcjbtflt.txt cache: ./cache/cord-001124-qcjbtflt.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-001124-qcjbtflt.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-347207-1u4i6qmc author: Almomani, Huda Y. title: Randomised controlled trial of pharmacist-led patient counselling in controlling hypoglycaemic attacks in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (rose-adam): A study protocol date: 2020-07-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-347207-1u4i6qmc.txt cache: ./cache/cord-347207-1u4i6qmc.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-347207-1u4i6qmc.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-284608-ba7wq52t author: Sias, Catia title: Alpha, Beta, gamma human PapillomaViruses (HPV) detection with a different sets of primers in oropharyngeal swabs, anal and cervical samples date: 2019-03-04 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-284608-ba7wq52t.txt cache: ./cache/cord-284608-ba7wq52t.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-284608-ba7wq52t.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-343982-ymaql0hx author: Carr, M. J. title: Impact of COVID-19 on the diagnoses, HbA1c monitoring and mortality in people with type 2 diabetes: a UK-wide cohort study involving 13 million people in primary care date: 2020-10-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-343982-ymaql0hx.txt cache: ./cache/cord-343982-ymaql0hx.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-343982-ymaql0hx.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-262545-bs8p50ig author: Luk, Andrea O. Y. title: Secular trends in incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Hong Kong: A retrospective cohort study date: 2020-02-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-262545-bs8p50ig.txt cache: ./cache/cord-262545-bs8p50ig.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-262545-bs8p50ig.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-307110-eiobmxp2 author: Zhao, Shan title: Serological Screening for Coronavirus Infections in Cats date: 2019-08-13 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-307110-eiobmxp2.txt cache: ./cache/cord-307110-eiobmxp2.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-307110-eiobmxp2.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-266488-wc6k06sm author: Feng, Mingqian title: Construction and next-generation sequencing analysis of a large phage-displayed V(NAR) single-domain antibody library from six naïve nurse sharks date: 2018-11-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-266488-wc6k06sm.txt cache: ./cache/cord-266488-wc6k06sm.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-266488-wc6k06sm.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-240471-rz0pj5a3 author: Dodds, P. S. title: Probability-turbulence divergence: A tunable allotaxonometric instrument for comparing heavy-tailed categorical distributions date: 2020-08-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-240471-rz0pj5a3.txt cache: ./cache/cord-240471-rz0pj5a3.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-240471-rz0pj5a3.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-334588-2vy4xkz6 author: Klaumann, Francini title: Current Knowledge on Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3): A Novel Virus With a Yet Unknown Impact on the Swine Industry date: 2018-12-12 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-334588-2vy4xkz6.txt cache: ./cache/cord-334588-2vy4xkz6.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-334588-2vy4xkz6.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-353867-617f90wq author: Ory, Marcia G. title: Implementing a Diabetes Education Program to Reduce Health Disparities in South Texas: Application of the RE-AIM Framework for Planning and Evaluation date: 2020-08-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-353867-617f90wq.txt cache: ./cache/cord-353867-617f90wq.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-353867-617f90wq.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-309795-2kozsv4z author: Dewidar, Bedair title: Metabolic liver disease in diabetes – from mechanisms to clinical trials date: 2020-06-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-309795-2kozsv4z.txt cache: ./cache/cord-309795-2kozsv4z.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-309795-2kozsv4z.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-260793-bb4h255w author: Brann, David H. title: Non-neuronal expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry genes in the olfactory system suggests mechanisms underlying COVID-19-associated anosmia date: 2020-05-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-260793-bb4h255w.txt cache: ./cache/cord-260793-bb4h255w.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-260793-bb4h255w.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-344093-3bniy5b5 author: Peteranderl, Christin title: The Impact of the Interferon/TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand Signaling Axis on Disease Progression in Respiratory Viral Infection and Beyond date: 2017-03-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-344093-3bniy5b5.txt cache: ./cache/cord-344093-3bniy5b5.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-344093-3bniy5b5.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-336201-fl606l3b author: Daryabor, Gholamreza title: The Effects of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Organ Metabolism and the Immune System date: 2020-07-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-336201-fl606l3b.txt cache: ./cache/cord-336201-fl606l3b.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-336201-fl606l3b.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-259748-x7dq1sy4 author: Wan, Dongshan title: Research Advances in How the cGAS-STING Pathway Controls the Cellular Inflammatory Response date: 2020-04-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-259748-x7dq1sy4.txt cache: ./cache/cord-259748-x7dq1sy4.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-259748-x7dq1sy4.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-018595-x3tleomb author: Dodiuk-Gad, Roni P. title: Adverse Medication Reactions date: 2017-04-25 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-018595-x3tleomb.txt cache: ./cache/cord-018595-x3tleomb.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-018595-x3tleomb.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-265005-e6rpryrh author: Tomasello, Elena title: Harnessing Mechanistic Knowledge on Beneficial Versus Deleterious IFN-I Effects to Design Innovative Immunotherapies Targeting Cytokine Activity to Specific Cell Types date: 2014-10-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-265005-e6rpryrh.txt cache: ./cache/cord-265005-e6rpryrh.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-265005-e6rpryrh.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-335382-fk4um9nw author: Farver, Carol F. title: Molecular Basis of Pulmonary Disease date: 2012-08-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-335382-fk4um9nw.txt cache: ./cache/cord-335382-fk4um9nw.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-335382-fk4um9nw.txt' === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 9498 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === id: cord-026005-f2khcjdy author: López, Alfonso title: Respiratory System, Mediastinum, and Pleurae date: 2017-02-17 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-026005-f2khcjdy.txt cache: ./cache/cord-026005-f2khcjdy.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 6 resourceName b'cord-026005-f2khcjdy.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-004879-pgyzluwp author: nan title: Programmed cell death date: 1994 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-004879-pgyzluwp.txt cache: ./cache/cord-004879-pgyzluwp.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-004879-pgyzluwp.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-350571-6tapkjb6 author: nan title: 45th ESCP-NSF international symposium on clinical pharmacy: clinical pharmacy tackling inequalities and access to health care. Oslo, Norway, 5–7 October 2016 date: 2017-01-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-350571-6tapkjb6.txt cache: ./cache/cord-350571-6tapkjb6.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 10 resourceName b'cord-350571-6tapkjb6.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-010119-t1x9gknd author: nan title: Abstract Presentations from the AABB Annual Meeting San Diego, CA ctober 7‐10, 2017 date: 2017-09-04 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-010119-t1x9gknd.txt cache: ./cache/cord-010119-t1x9gknd.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 21 resourceName b'cord-010119-t1x9gknd.txt' Que is empty; done keyword-type-cord === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-001124-qcjbtflt author = Carrero, Javier Antonio title = Confounding roles for type I interferons during bacterial and viral pathogenesis date = 2013-10-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4545 sentences = 276 flesch = 42 summary = Although type I interferons (IFN-I) were initially defined as potent antiviral agents, they can also cause decreased host resistance to some bacterial and viral infections. In contrast, there is a negative effect of IFN-I on host resistance during chronic infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) and acute infections with intracellular bacteria. Following Listeria infection, IFN-I promote the cell death of macrophages and lymphocytes, which leads to innate immune suppression. Because of the extent of the IFN-I literature, this review will mostly limit itself to experiments that have examined viral and bacterial pathogenesis in IFNAR -/mice with a particular emphasis on work that has examined lethality and pathogen burden. In the case of influenza and potentially other respiratory viruses, the type III interferon system (which comprises IFN-λ subtypes and signals using IL-10R2-IFNLR1) plays a dominant role in restricting acute epithelial cell infection, thereby limiting the requirement of IFN-I signaling (10, 11) . Production of type I IFN sensitizes macrophages to cell death induced by Listeria monocytogenes cache = ./cache/cord-001124-qcjbtflt.txt txt = ./txt/cord-001124-qcjbtflt.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-008700-knbf8m4x author = Rodrigues, Merlyn R. title = Methods for Rapid Detection of Human Ocular Viral Infections date = 2013-10-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3011 sentences = 171 flesch = 38 summary = Simple techniques of immunofluorescence and negative stain electron microscopy are used for the rapid detection of viruses in human adenoviral, herpetic, rubella, molluscum contagiosum, and vaccinial infections. Lens aspirate from a 2-year-old patient with clinical ocular rubella was examined by immunofluorescence and negative stain electron microscopy. 10 In a recent epidemic of EKC at a Vietnamese refugee camp in Florida, adenovirus type 8 was recovered in 81% of cases cultured within two weeks of onset of infection.U Dawson et aP 2 described adenovirus-like particles in the conjunctiva of one patient and in the corneal epithelium of another by transmission electron microscopy of tissue culture preparations. In the present study, the typical virions of herpes simplex keratitis were readily identified both by immunofluorescence and by negative stain transmission electron microscopy. Herpes simplex hominis type 1 was recovered in culture and demonstrated by direct immunofluorescence and negative stain electron microscopy in three patients with herpetic dendritic keratitis. cache = ./cache/cord-008700-knbf8m4x.txt txt = ./txt/cord-008700-knbf8m4x.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-010657-5qtsj8xv author = Heckman, Carol A. title = Pathogenesis of Lesions Induced in Rat Lung by Chronic Tobacco Smoke Inhalation date = 1982-07-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4324 sentences = 280 flesch = 48 summary = In serially killed animals, four types of lesions were found: 1) perivascular or peribronchiolar accumulation of lymphoreticular cells, 2) fibrotic and cellular enlargement of peribronchiolar septa, 3) type II cell hyperplasia with septal fibrosis, and 4) air-space enlargement (emphysema). The type II hyperplastic and peribronchiolar alveolar lesions involved larger portions of the parenchyma in fibrotic changes but differed in structure, location, and frequency. In studies by Roe's group (1, 2) , the major lesions induced in the rat lung by lifetime exposure were columnar, cuboidal, and squamous metaplasias of the alveolar epithelium. (3) on rats exposed to tobacco smoke for 6 weeks showed characteristic lesions at the level of the respiratory bronchiole, including peribronchiolar and perivascular infiltration by lymphocytes, focal pneumonitis, and alveolar cuboidal or columnar metaplasia. The present studies have shown that the most common type of focal lesions to develop in the lungs of tobacco smoke-exposed animals consisted of accumulated lymphocytes and macrophages in the vascular adventitia. cache = ./cache/cord-010657-5qtsj8xv.txt txt = ./txt/cord-010657-5qtsj8xv.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-015503-j99cgsjt author = Tang, Xiaolu title = On the origin and continuing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 date = 2020-03-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5243 sentences = 292 flesch = 59 summary = Although we found only 4% variability in genomic nucleotides between SARS-CoV-2 and a bat SARS-related coronavirus (SARSr-CoV; RaTG13), the difference at neutral sites was 17%, suggesting the divergence between the two viruses is much larger than previously estimated. Our results suggest that the development of new variations in functional sites in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike seen in SARS-CoV-2 and viruses from pangolin SARSr-CoVs are likely caused by mutations and natural selection besides recombination. Population genetic analyses of 103 SARS-CoV-2 genomes indicated that these viruses evolved into two major types (designated L and S), that are well defined by two different SNPs that show nearly complete linkage across the viral strains sequenced to date. Further, the genomic sequences of SARS-CoV-2 viruses isolated from a number of patients share sequence identity higher than 99.9%, suggesting a very recent host shift into humans [1] [2] [3] . cache = ./cache/cord-015503-j99cgsjt.txt txt = ./txt/cord-015503-j99cgsjt.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-028840-7n77vko9 author = Chardonnet, Kostia title = Toward a Curry-Howard Equivalence for Linear, Reversible Computation: Work-in-Progress date = 2020-06-17 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2632 sentences = 176 flesch = 68 summary = In this paper, we present a linear and reversible language with inductive and coinductive types, together with a Curry-Howard correspondence with the logic [Image: see text] : linear logic extended with least and greatest fixed points allowing inductive and coinductive statements. The constructors inj l and inj r represent the choice between either the left or right-hand side of a type of the form A ⊕ B; the constructor , builds pairs of elements (with the corresponding type constructor ⊗); fold and pack respectively represent inductive and coinductive structure for the types μX.A and νX.A. A value can serve both as a result and as a pattern in the clause of an iso. We presented a higher-order, linear, reversible language with inductive and coinductive types together with an interpretation of programs into derivations in the logic . cache = ./cache/cord-028840-7n77vko9.txt txt = ./txt/cord-028840-7n77vko9.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-026548-z2ifu1d6 author = Lagaillardie, Nicolas title = Implementing Multiparty Session Types in Rust date = 2020-05-13 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3291 sentences = 239 flesch = 63 summary = Multiparty Session Types (MPST) is a typing discipline for distributed protocols, which ensures communication safety and deadlock-freedom for more than two participants. In addition, since we generate the local types from a readable global specification, errors caused by an affine (and not linear) usage of channels, a well-known limitation of the previous libraries [8, 9] , are easily avoided. Our framework guarantees that processes implemented using mpst-rust primitives with Scribble-generated types are free from deadlocks, reception errors, and protocol deviations. (line 12), which is applied to a multiparty channel s of a sum type between ChoiceA::Video and ChoiceA::End. The behaviour of each branch in the protocol is implemented as an anonymous function. The types of the multiparty channel, as well as the generic types in the declaration of the mpst-rust communication functions, enable compile-time detection of protocol violations, such as swapping line 3 and line 4, using another communication primitive or using the wrong payload type. The Rust library in [8] implements binary session types, following [4] . cache = ./cache/cord-026548-z2ifu1d6.txt txt = ./txt/cord-026548-z2ifu1d6.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-026005-f2khcjdy author = López, Alfonso title = Respiratory System, Mediastinum, and Pleurae date = 2017-02-17 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 57323 sentences = 2749 flesch = 34 summary = Microscopic examination of properly collected, stored, and processed samples may reveal many erythrocytes and siderophages in pulmonary hemorrhage or left-sided heart failure; inclusion bodies or syncytial cells in viral pneumonias; increased number of leukocytes in pulmonary inflammation; abundant mucus in asthma or equine recurrent airway obstruction (RAO); the presence of pulmonary pathogens, such as parasites, fungi, and bacteria; or tumor cells in cases of pulmonary neoplasia. The portal of entry for the respiratory form is typically aerogenous, and the disease is generally transient; thus the primary viral-induced lesions in the nasal mucosa and lungs are rarely seen at necropsy unless complicated by secondary bacterial rhinitis, pharyngitis, or bronchopneumonia. Laryngeal edema occurs in pigs with edema disease; in horses with purpura hemorrhagica; in cattle with acute interstitial pneumonia; in cats with systemic anaphylaxis; and in all species as a result of trauma, improper endotracheal tubing, inhalation of irritant gases (e.g., smoke), local inflammation, and animal species is classified as fibrinous, catarrhal, purulent, or granulomatous (Figs. cache = ./cache/cord-026005-f2khcjdy.txt txt = ./txt/cord-026005-f2khcjdy.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-031922-3pfxrhbc author = Petrie, John R title = SGLT2 inhibitors and renal complications in type 1 diabetes date = 2020-09-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1559 sentences = 79 flesch = 52 summary = In this issue of The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, Per-Henrik Groop and colleagues 4 report the effect of the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin on albuminuria in adults with type 1 diabetes in a post-hoc subgroup analysis of the DEPICT-1 and DEPICT-2 phase 3 trials. The UK National Institute for Healthcare Excellence (NICE) subsequently recommended both drugs (dapagliflozin in August, 2019, and sotagliflozin in February, 2020) to be cost-effective for use within the UK National Health Service for individuals who additionally had a relatively high insulin requirement (≥0·5 units/kg per day) and had completed an evidence-based qualityassured structured education programme. Effect of dapagliflozin as an adjunct to insulin over 52 weeks in individuals with type 1 diabetes: post-hoc renal analysis of the DEPICT randomised controlled trials cache = ./cache/cord-031922-3pfxrhbc.txt txt = ./txt/cord-031922-3pfxrhbc.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-030631-cc79j9j4 author = Marcus, Benjamin A. title = Typ-1-Diabetes: Früherkennung und Ansätze zur Prävention: Update 2020 date = 2020-08-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2217 sentences = 238 flesch = 48 summary = Autoantikörpern markiert das Frühstadium des Typ-1-Diabetes Der Nachweis von 2 oder mehr dieser Autoantikörper beim asymptomatischen Kind ohne gestörten Glukosestoffwechsel ist inzwischen als eines der Frühstadien des Typ-1-Diabetes (Stadium 1) anerkannt. Um zu prüfen, ob Teplizumab die klinische Manifestation verhindern kann, wurden in einer TrialNet-Studie Angehörige von Personen mit Typ-1-Diabetes behandelt, die selbst bereits ein Frühstadium mit multiplen Inselautoantikörpern und eine Dysglykämie oder gestörte Glukosetoleranz (Stadium 2) entwickelt hatten. Somit konnte erstmals die Manifestation der Erkrankung wirksam hinausgezögert werden, was einen Durchbruch für die präventive Therapie des Typ-1-Diabetes darstellt. Bei 19 (43%) der 44 mit Teplizumab behandelten Teilnehmenden und 23 (72 %) von 32 in der Plazebogruppe wurde ein klinischer Typ-1-Diabetes diagnostiziert. Für eine individualisierte Sekundärprävention interessant wird die Tatsache, dass anhand von Biomarkern -HLA-Merkmalen (HLA: humanes Leukozytenantigen) und dem Fehlen von ZnT8A -abgeschätzt werden kann, bei welchen Patienten ein Ansprechen auf die Anti-CD3-Behandlung bessere Erfolgschancen hat [28] . cache = ./cache/cord-030631-cc79j9j4.txt txt = ./txt/cord-030631-cc79j9j4.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-240471-rz0pj5a3 author = Dodds, P. S. title = Probability-turbulence divergence: A tunable allotaxonometric instrument for comparing heavy-tailed categorical distributions date = 2020-08-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7129 sentences = 435 flesch = 59 summary = In Sec. IV, we show that probability-turbulence divergence is either a generalization of or may be connected to a number of other kinds of divergences and similarities (e.g., the Sørensen-Dice coefficient), and then discuss limited functional similarities with the Rényi entropy and diversity indices [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] . The dominant contributions to probability-turbulence divergence in the α → ∞ limit therefore come from the most common types in each systems, providing they are not equally abundant. For a primary, familiar example to help us explain our probability-turbulence divergence allotaxonographs, we compare the normalized usage frequency distributions of 2-gram usage between the first and second halves of Pride and Prejudice [29] . 5. Allotaxonograph using probability-turbulence divergence to compare normalized 2-gram usage ranks on two days of English-language Twitter, 2020/03/12 and 2020/05/30. Allotaxonograph using probability-turbulence divergence to compare 3-gram usage ranks on two days of English-language Twitter, 2020/03/12 and 2020/05/30. cache = ./cache/cord-240471-rz0pj5a3.txt txt = ./txt/cord-240471-rz0pj5a3.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-004879-pgyzluwp author = nan title = Programmed cell death date = 1994 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 81677 sentences = 4465 flesch = 51 summary = Furthermore kinetic experiments after complementation of HIV=RT p66 with KIV-RT pSl indicated that HIV-RT pSl can restore rate and extent of strand displacement activity by HIV-RT p66 compared to the HIV-RT heterodimer D66/D51, suggesting a function of the 51 kDa polypeptide, The mouse mammary tumor virus proviral DNA contains an open reading frame in the 3' long terminal repeat which can code for a 36 kDa polypeptide with a putative transmembrane sequence and five N-linked glycosylation sites. To this end we used constructs encoding the c-fos (and c-jun) genes fused to the hormone-binding domain of the human estrogen receptor, designated c-FosER (and c-JunER), We could show that short-term activation (30 mins.) of c-FosER by estradiole (E2) led to the disruption of epithelial cell polarity within 24 hours, as characterized by the expression of apical and basolateral marker proteins. cache = ./cache/cord-004879-pgyzluwp.txt txt = ./txt/cord-004879-pgyzluwp.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-018595-x3tleomb author = Dodiuk-Gad, Roni P. title = Adverse Medication Reactions date = 2017-04-25 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16304 sentences = 910 flesch = 39 summary = 2. Delayed-type drug hypersensitivity: Delayed-type drug hypersensitivity reactions usually take several days to weeks following drug exposure, with variable clinical presentations that may include Maculopapular Eruption (MPE), Fixed Drug Eruption (FDE), Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis (AGEP), Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS), Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) and Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS). Examples of strong associations of HLA alleles with specific drug-induced hypersensitivity reactions include abacavir, nevirapine, carbamazepine, and allopurinol (Table 25. [61] , who reported the weak associations of HLA-A29, B12, and MPE maculopapular drug eruption, DRESS drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms, SJS/TEN Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis DR7 in sulfonamide-related TEN, and HLA-A2, B12 in oxicam-related TEN in Europeans [61] . Drug specific cytotoxic T-cells in the skin lesions of a patient with toxic epidermal necrolysis cache = ./cache/cord-018595-x3tleomb.txt txt = ./txt/cord-018595-x3tleomb.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-260793-bb4h255w author = Brann, David H. title = Non-neuronal expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry genes in the olfactory system suggests mechanisms underlying COVID-19-associated anosmia date = 2020-05-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 11985 sentences = 604 flesch = 53 summary = It has recently been demonstrated through single cell RNA sequencing analysis (referred to herein as scSeq) that cells from the human upper airway -including nasal RE goblet, basal and ciliated cells -express high levels of ACE2 and TMPRSS2, suggesting that these RE cell types may serve as a viral reservoir during CoV-2 infection (33) . The presence of Ace2 and Tmprss2 transcripts in mouse WOM and their (near total) absence in purified OSNs suggest that the molecular components that enable CoV-2 entry into cells are expressed in non-neuronal cell types in the mouse nasal epithelium. An independent mouse scSeq data set (obtained using the 10x Chromium platform, see Methods) revealed that olfactory sensory neurons did not express Ace2 (2 of 28769 mature OSNs were positive for Ace2), while expression was observed in a fraction of Bowman's gland cells and HBCs ( Figure S4 , see methods). cache = ./cache/cord-260793-bb4h255w.txt txt = ./txt/cord-260793-bb4h255w.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-259935-xyo2pe4g author = Wang, Ching-Ying title = SARS coronavirus papain-like protease up-regulates the collagen expression through non-Samd TGF-β1 signaling date = 2017-05-02 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4628 sentences = 259 flesch = 52 summary = To examine the association of SARS-CoV PLpro-induced TGF-β1 production with the collagen up-regulation, A549 lung epithelial cells transiently transfected with pcDNA3.1 and pSARS-PLpro were analyzed the production of TGF-β1 and type I collagen using Western blot, realtime RT-PCR and Sirius red staining assays (Fig. 1) . To examine whether SMAD-dependent pathways involve in TGF-β1mediated up-regulation of Type I collagen in response SARS-CoV PLpro, subcellular localization of receptor-regulated SMAD3 and inhibitory SMAD7 in transfected cells were detected using the immunofluorescent and DAPI staining (Fig. 4) . To examine the possible pathways involved in TGF-β1-dependent up-regulation of Type I collagen by SARS-CoV PLpro, the profiles of ubiquitin-conjugated proteins in transfected cells with vector control and pSARS-PLpro were determined using immune-precipitation and nanoLC-MS/MS. Subcellular localization analysis demonstrated that SMAD3 was predominant in cytoplasmic, but not in the nucleus in transfected cells with pSARS-PLpro compared to vector control (Fig. 4) , revealing that canonical Smad-dependent signaling pathway was not involved in PLpro-induced TGF-β1-dependent upregulation of Type I collagen. cache = ./cache/cord-259935-xyo2pe4g.txt txt = ./txt/cord-259935-xyo2pe4g.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-257641-wmbgpnr9 author = Katsarou, Maria title = Acute Retrograde Type A Intramural Hematoma during SARS-CoV-2 time date = 2020-10-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 491 sentences = 47 flesch = 63 summary = title: Acute Retrograde Type A Intramural Hematoma during SARS-CoV-2 time Retrograde type A IMH (retro-TAIMH) origins in the descending aorta and 4 extend into the arch or ascending aorta. Follow-up CTA was performed at 24 hours 13 (B) and 7 days (C) showing progressive to complete thrombosis of the entry tear, with reduction 14 in aortic diameter which is the most important predictor of IMH regression and positive 15 outcome. CoV-2 pandemic peak in Lombardy and the patient was found to be positive to the virus five 17 days after symptom onset, with progressive dyspnea and worsening findings on chest X rays (D). 4 Medical treatment appears to be appropriate in asymptomatic patients, in those 1 with non-complicated retro-TAIMH and in patients with high open surgical / TEVAR risks. The differences and similarities between intramural hematoma of the descending 6 aorta and acute type B dissection Management of retrograde type A IMH with acute arch tear/type B dissection cache = ./cache/cord-257641-wmbgpnr9.txt txt = ./txt/cord-257641-wmbgpnr9.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-262545-bs8p50ig author = Luk, Andrea O. Y. title = Secular trends in incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Hong Kong: A retrospective cohort study date = 2020-02-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6131 sentences = 278 flesch = 58 summary = From the 2012-2014 National Health Insurance Service database containing 706 physician-reported cases of type 1 diabetes in children aged <15 years in South Korea, Kim and colleagues reported an incidence of 3.2 per 100,000 person-years, which was 2.3-fold higher compared with the rate recorded in the earlier period of 1995-2000 [13] . Based on retrospective retrieval of 255 paediatric cases of newly diagnosed diabetes between 1984 and 1996, Huen and colleagues recorded an incidence of 1.4 per 100,000 person-years for type 1 diabetes in children aged <15 years in Hong Kong, which was considerably lower than our updated estimates of 5.3-6.4 per 100,000 person-years in a comparable age group [14] . In the present study, 60% of incident cases of diabetes in people aged <20 years were type 2 diabetes. In this report on the secular trend of the incidence of diabetes in Hong Kong, we revealed that the incidence of type 1 diabetes increased in people aged <20 years and was stable in other age groups. cache = ./cache/cord-262545-bs8p50ig.txt txt = ./txt/cord-262545-bs8p50ig.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-266488-wc6k06sm author = Feng, Mingqian title = Construction and next-generation sequencing analysis of a large phage-displayed V(NAR) single-domain antibody library from six naïve nurse sharks date = 2018-11-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6552 sentences = 351 flesch = 58 summary = title: Construction and next-generation sequencing analysis of a large phage-displayed V(NAR) single-domain antibody library from six naïve nurse sharks METHODS: Here, we developed a library construction method based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-Extension Assembly and Self-Ligation (named "EASeL") to construct a large V(NAR) antibody library with a size of 1.2 × 10(10) from six naïve adult nurse sharks (Ginglymostoma cirratum). To validate the use of the shark V(NAR) library for antibody discovery, we isolated a panel of V(NAR) phage binders to cancer therapy-related antigens, including glypican-3, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and programmed cell death-1 (PD1). The isolated shark single-domain antibodies including Type I and Type II V(NAR)s were produced in Escherichia coli and validated for their antigen binding. In this study, we developed a PCR-Extension Assembly and Self-Ligation-based method (named EASeL) to make a large phage-displayed V NAR single-domain library from six nurse sharks. cache = ./cache/cord-266488-wc6k06sm.txt txt = ./txt/cord-266488-wc6k06sm.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-259748-x7dq1sy4 author = Wan, Dongshan title = Research Advances in How the cGAS-STING Pathway Controls the Cellular Inflammatory Response date = 2020-04-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 14147 sentences = 850 flesch = 41 summary = Double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) sensor cyclic-GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) along with the downstream stimulator of interferon genes (STING) acting as essential immune-surveillance mediators have become hot topics of research. The intrinsic function of the cGAS-STING pathway facilitates type-I interferon (IFN) inflammatory signaling responses and other cellular processes such as autophagy, cell survival, senescence. In 2008, several research teams discovered a new protein on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) which can be activated by immune-stimulatory DNA (ISD) and initiate type-I interferon (IFN) responses, which was named "stimulator of interferon genes" (STING, also known as MITA, ERIS) (2) (3) (4) . Mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) activation, which is executed by BCL-2-associated X protein (BAX) and BCL-2 antagonist or killer (BAK), is a highly controlled conserved process in regulated cell FIGURE 3 | Interaction of the cGAS-STING pathway with other DNA-sensing pathways and its role in cell survival. Human plasmacytoid dentritic cells elicit a Type I interferon response by sensing DNA via the cGAS-STING signaling pathway cache = ./cache/cord-259748-x7dq1sy4.txt txt = ./txt/cord-259748-x7dq1sy4.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-284514-b7no0yrv author = Davies, Robert L title = Diversity of avian Pasteurella multocida strains based on capsular PCR typing and variation of the OmpA and OmpH outer membrane proteins date = 2003-02-02 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4649 sentences = 241 flesch = 51 summary = title: Diversity of avian Pasteurella multocida strains based on capsular PCR typing and variation of the OmpA and OmpH outer membrane proteins One hundred avian Pasteurella multocida isolates recovered from cases of fowl cholera and related infections in England and Wales over a 13-year period were characterised by capsular PCR typing and analysis of outer membrane protein (OMP) profiles. Nineteen distinct OMP profiles (OMP-types) were identified based mainly on molecular mass heterogeneity of the heat-modifiable (OmpA) and porin (OmpH) proteins. Strains of capsular types B, D and F, as well as the untypable isolates, were associated exclusively with specific OMP-types and represent distinct and widely disseminated clonal groups. The molecular mass of OmpA (A) varied from 36.9 to 37.9 kDa and that of OmpH (H) varied from 33.1 to 38.3 kDa. The distribution of OMP-types among the avian isolates is shown in Table 1 . cache = ./cache/cord-284514-b7no0yrv.txt txt = ./txt/cord-284514-b7no0yrv.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-265005-e6rpryrh author = Tomasello, Elena title = Harnessing Mechanistic Knowledge on Beneficial Versus Deleterious IFN-I Effects to Design Innovative Immunotherapies Targeting Cytokine Activity to Specific Cell Types date = 2014-10-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 18082 sentences = 948 flesch = 40 summary = We will discuss the expression patterns and functions of endosomal TLRs with regards to IFN production in uninfected specialized immune cell types, pDCs and XCR1 + DCs. Plasmacytoid DCs uniquely produce very large amounts of IFNs in response to in vitro stimulation with many viruses, without being infected (46) . Under these conditions, to promote health over disease, the benefits for the host of producing high circulating levels of IFNs in order to induce widespread cell-intrinsic anti-viral defenses might prevail over the deleterious effects that this could cause on certain cell types or tissues. Subcapsular sinus macrophages rapidly become infected by viruses incoming from the lymph and produce large amounts of IFNs. This altruistic suicide prevents virus dissemination to other adjacent cell types and promotes the induction of innate and adaptive anti-viral immunity (87) . cache = ./cache/cord-265005-e6rpryrh.txt txt = ./txt/cord-265005-e6rpryrh.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-309795-2kozsv4z author = Dewidar, Bedair title = Metabolic liver disease in diabetes – from mechanisms to clinical trials date = 2020-06-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8642 sentences = 421 flesch = 35 summary = NAFLD, which affects about 25% of the population [3] , comprises a broad range of abnormalities ranging from simple fatty liver (steatosis) to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), characterized by inflammation, necrosis, and hepatocellular ballooning, and progression to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) [2] . In general, both hyperglycemia and toxic lipids such as ceramides, DAG, FFA, and cholesterol can induce deleterious effects on liver cells (glucolipotoxicity), which might initiate NAFLD progression from simple steatosis to NASH and fibrosis via various mechanisms, including cell death, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial disorders [46] . BL, baseline; CCR2/5, C-C chemokine receptors type 2 and type 5; FXR, farnesoid X receptor; HbA 1c , glycated haemoglobin; LXR, Liver X receptor; MPC, mitochondrial pyruvate carrier; NA, data not available; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; NFS, NAFLD fibrosis score; PPAR, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor; NASH, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; SCD, stearoyl-CoA desaturase; SGLT, sodium-glucose cotransporter; THR, thyroid hormone receptor; T2DM, type 2 diabetes. Potential Nexus of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Insulin Resistance Between Hepatic and Peripheral Tissues cache = ./cache/cord-309795-2kozsv4z.txt txt = ./txt/cord-309795-2kozsv4z.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-284608-ba7wq52t author = Sias, Catia title = Alpha, Beta, gamma human PapillomaViruses (HPV) detection with a different sets of primers in oropharyngeal swabs, anal and cervical samples date = 2019-03-04 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5645 sentences = 281 flesch = 55 summary = title: Alpha, Beta, gamma human PapillomaViruses (HPV) detection with a different sets of primers in oropharyngeal swabs, anal and cervical samples BACKGROUND: Recent studies have shown a 13-fold increase of oropharyngeal cancer in the presence of HPV, while α-HPV detection seems to be rare in oral cavity in comparison to anal or cervical district, many novel β and γ types have been isolated in this anatomical site suggesting a wide tropism range. METHODS: We analysed the presence of HPV DNA in oropharyngeal (n = 124), anal (n = 186), cervical specimens (n = 43) from HIV positive and negative patients using FAP59/64 and MY09/11 primers. In this study, we analyzed the presence of HPV DNA in oral, anal, and cervical specimens collected from HIV positive and HIV negative individuals, living in the same geographic area (regione Lazio) by using MY09/11 [20, 21] FAP59/64 primers [22] . cache = ./cache/cord-284608-ba7wq52t.txt txt = ./txt/cord-284608-ba7wq52t.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-292344-3bj567gr author = Zimmet, P. title = The burden of type 2 diabetes: are we doing enough? date = 2003-09-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5316 sentences = 263 flesch = 50 summary = Over subsequent decades, numerous reports have highlighted the high prevalence of type 2 diabetes in a number of other populations including native Americans, Afro-Americans, and Mexican Americans in the USA [4] [5] [6] [7] , native Canadians [8] , Australian Aborigines and Torres Strait islanders [9] , and Polynesians in New Zealand [10, 11] . This explosive increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes, and the consequences of its complications and associated disorders, represents the greatest health care challenge facing the world today [14] . The population of this nation are Asian Indian, Creole (Black) and Chinese, and these three ethnic groups account for over 66% Increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes by region [12] . The CODE-2 data are consistent with previous estimates of the prevalence of coronary heart disease and other complications in type 2 diabetic patients in various countries (Fig 2) . cache = ./cache/cord-292344-3bj567gr.txt txt = ./txt/cord-292344-3bj567gr.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-299756-m0va36er author = Raaben, Matthijs title = Type I interferon receptor-independent and -dependent host transcriptional responses to mouse hepatitis coronavirus infection in vivo date = 2009-08-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4568 sentences = 258 flesch = 54 summary = As the BALB/c and the IFNAR-/129SvEv mice demonstrated very similar viral loads in their brains, we also compared their gene expression profiles upon infection with MHV in order to identify type I IFN-dependent transcriptional responses. CONCLUSION: Transcriptional profiling of mice infected with MHV demonstrated the induction of a robust IFN response, which correlated with the viral load. Furthermore, gene expression profiling of 129SvEv mice lacking the type I IFN receptor, which are not able to control the MHV infection [11] , allowed us to identify type I IFN-independent transcriptional responses. To study the role of type I IFN-independent and -dependent gene expression in the control of MHV infection in vivo in more detail, we next made use of the IFNAR-/-mice [30] . Transcriptional profiling of mice infected with MHV demonstrated the induction of a robust IFN response, which correlated with the viral load. cache = ./cache/cord-299756-m0va36er.txt txt = ./txt/cord-299756-m0va36er.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-292908-rbn3foj3 author = Hohdatsu, T. title = Antigenic analysis of feline coronaviruses with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs): Preparation of MAbs which discriminate between FIPV strain 79-1146 and FECV strain 79-1683 date = 1991-06-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3250 sentences = 188 flesch = 61 summary = title: Antigenic analysis of feline coronaviruses with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs): Preparation of MAbs which discriminate between FIPV strain 79-1146 and FECV strain 79-1683 Abstract We prepared 31 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against either FIPV strain 79-1146 or FECV strain 79-1683, and tested them for reactivity with various coronaviruses by indirect flourescent antibody assay (IFA). Sixteen MAbs which reacted with all of the 11 strains of feline coronaviruses, also reacted with canine coronavirus (CCV) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV). For serological diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) infection, detection of antibody by indirect fluorescent antibody assay (IFA) is popular (Pedersen, 1976b; Horzinek and Osterhaus, 1979; Scott, 1979) . They divided FIPV into Types I and II according to the presence or absence of the induction of FIP, ability of the viruses to proliferate in cell cultures, and the antigenic relationship with porcine and canine coronaviruses. cache = ./cache/cord-292908-rbn3foj3.txt txt = ./txt/cord-292908-rbn3foj3.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-307128-wwjeu8ie author = Walz, Lucas title = Janus Kinase-Inhibitor and Type I Interferon Ability to Produce Favorable Clinical Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis date = 2020-08-11 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4394 sentences = 289 flesch = 46 summary = title: Janus Kinase-Inhibitor and Type I Interferon Ability to Produce Favorable Clinical Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Janus-kinase (JAK) inhibitors and Type I interferons have emerged as potential antiviral candidates for COVID-19 patients for their proven efficacy against diseases with excessive cytokine release and by their ability to promote viral clearance in past coronaviruses, respectively. METHODS: MEDLINE and MedRxiv were searched until July 30(th), 2020, including studies that compared treatment outcomes of humans treated with JAK-inhibitor or Type I interferon against controls. Meta-analysis of 3 sets of studies with 990, 454, and 1480 patients receiving Type I interferon therapy revealed that there were no significant associations between receiving Type I interferon therapy, compared to standard of care, and ICU admittance, requiring mechanical ventilation, or developing a severe or critical case of COVID-19, respectively (p>0.05; Figure 3B ; Figure 3C ; Figure 3D ).[28-36] The analyses included 97, 167, and 537 control patients, respectively. cache = ./cache/cord-307128-wwjeu8ie.txt txt = ./txt/cord-307128-wwjeu8ie.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-307110-eiobmxp2 author = Zhao, Shan title = Serological Screening for Coronavirus Infections in Cats date = 2019-08-13 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6732 sentences = 382 flesch = 57 summary = In total 137 cat serum samples and 25 FCoV type 1 or type 2-specific antisera were screened for the presence of antibodies against the S1 receptor binding subunit of the CoV spike protein, which is immunogenic and possesses low amino acid sequence identity among coronavirus species. Synthetic sequences of 12 coronavirus spike S1 subunits (HCoV-HKU1 (GB: YP_173238.1), MERS-CoV (GB:YP_009047204.1), SARS-CoV (GB: AAX16192.1), HCoV-OC43 (GB: AAR01015.1), HCoV-229E (GB: NP_073551.1), HCoV-NL63 (GB: YP_003767.1), TGEV (GB: ABG89325.1), PEDV (GB: AOG30832.1), BCoV (GB: P15777.1), PDCoV (GB: AML40825.1), FCoV type 1 (GB: FJ938060.1), FCoV type 2 (GB: AY994055.1)) and different domains of PEDV S1 subunit (S1 0 and S1 A-D , as identified and described in [40] ) were cloned into pCAGGS expression plasmids as described previously [41] . cache = ./cache/cord-307110-eiobmxp2.txt txt = ./txt/cord-307110-eiobmxp2.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-314328-gft6phd6 author = Lawrence, C. title = Increased paediatric presentations of severe diabetic ketoacidosis in an Australian tertiary centre during the COVID‐19 pandemic date = 2020-10-23 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2088 sentences = 118 flesch = 54 summary = AIMS: To determine if the frequency of severe diabetic ketoacidosis at presentation of new‐onset type 1 diabetes to an Australian tertiary centre increased during the initial period of restrictions resulting from the COVID‐19 pandemic (March to May 2020). We report one Australian centre's experience of presentations of newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes in a paediatric cohort during the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions (March to May inclusive) compared to pre-pandemic presentations in the March to May periods of the years 2015 to 2019. • We report a significant increase in the frequency of severe diabetic ketoacidosis at presentation of new-onset type 1 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic at our tertiary centre. This study reports a significant increase in the frequency of children and adolescents presenting with severe DKA at onset of type 1 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic. The increase in presentations of children and adolescents with severe DKA at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic is a major concern. cache = ./cache/cord-314328-gft6phd6.txt txt = ./txt/cord-314328-gft6phd6.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-321878-bnjupaik author = Deliwala, Smit S. title = A 29-Year-Old Male with a Fatal Case of COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (CARDS) and Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury (VILI) date = 2020-07-23 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2249 sentences = 133 flesch = 46 summary = title: A 29-Year-Old Male with a Fatal Case of COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (CARDS) and Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury (VILI) Patient: Male, 29-year-old Final Diagnosis: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) • COVID-19 •multi organ failure/septic shock • pneumothorax Symptoms: Cough • dyspnea • fatigue • myalgia Medication:— Clinical Procedure: Mechanical ventilation • thoracentesis Specialty: Critical Care Medicine OBJECTIVE: Unknown ethiology BACKGROUND: COVID-19 patients that develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) "CARDS" behave differently compared to patients with classic forms of ARDS. In previous cases of SARS patients, pneumothorax was noted at 14-37 days after the initial diagnosis [16] , suggesting that a sustained period of lung inflammation serves as a pre-requisite, a similar time course as our patient Recently a scoring system was proposed to predict the risk of developing critical illness in COVID-19, allowing early interventions and resource allocation to mitigate the high disease burden [17] . cache = ./cache/cord-321878-bnjupaik.txt txt = ./txt/cord-321878-bnjupaik.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-335382-fk4um9nw author = Farver, Carol F. title = Molecular Basis of Pulmonary Disease date = 2012-08-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 32320 sentences = 1613 flesch = 40 summary = When lung cancer is suspected, evaluation of the patient includes a thorough clinical, radiologic, and laboratory assessment, with collection of tissue or cytology samples to establish a pathologic diagnosis of malignancy and to classify the tumor type. Development of lung cancer occurs with multiple, complex, stepwise genetic and epigenetic changes involving allelic losses, chromosomal instability and imbalance, mutations in tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) and dominant oncogenes, epigenetic gene silencing through promoter hypermethylation, and aberrant expression of genes participating in control of cell proliferation and apoptosis [7] . In recent years, atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) has been recognized as a precursor lesion for peripheral pulmonary ACs. This lesion is defined as "a localized proliferation of mild to moderately atypical cells lining involved alveoli and, sometimes, respiratory bronchioles, resulting in focal lesions in peripheral Part IV Molecular Pathology of Human Disease alveolated lung, usually less than 5 mm in diameter and generally in the absence of underlying interstitial inflammation and fibrosis" (Figure 18 .8) [36] . cache = ./cache/cord-335382-fk4um9nw.txt txt = ./txt/cord-335382-fk4um9nw.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-332133-6hdk8801 author = Li, Mao-Zhong title = A Pneumonia Case Associated with Type 2 Polio Vaccine Strains date = 2017-01-05 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1231 sentences = 73 flesch = 55 summary = title: A Pneumonia Case Associated with Type 2 Polio Vaccine Strains [1, 2] Other than VAPP cases and VDPVs, Type 2 polio vaccine strains can also cause a variety of illnesses. [3] To the best of our knowledge, no cases of pneumonia resulting from Type 2 polio vaccine strains have been reported. However, here we report an infant case associated with the Type 2 polio vaccine strain. A 3-month-old male infant with no underlying diseases was admitted to Beijing Haidian Hospital on July 31, 2015, where he was diagnosed with lobular pneumonia exactly 26 days after he had received his second dose of trivalent OPV (tOPV). However, this report provides an initial case of pneumonia, the outcomes associated with Type 2 polio vaccine strains, and the implications for the safety of attenuated OPV in the absence of wild virus diseases. cache = ./cache/cord-332133-6hdk8801.txt txt = ./txt/cord-332133-6hdk8801.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-353867-617f90wq author = Ory, Marcia G. title = Implementing a Diabetes Education Program to Reduce Health Disparities in South Texas: Application of the RE-AIM Framework for Planning and Evaluation date = 2020-08-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6637 sentences = 316 flesch = 46 summary = This community-based initiative reached a large and diverse population, and statistically significant reductions in A1c levels (p < 0.01) were observed among participants with Type 2 diabetes at 3 months. The U.S.-Mexico border is impacted by extremely high disparities in income, education, and healthcare access, and these social determinants of health make this region among the nation's Figure 1 illustrated the 27 counties formally included in the Healthy South Texas initiative [30] , and the counties in which the Diabetes Education Program was offered were marked with a red dot. Among participants with pre-diabetes or Type 1 diabetes, no statistically significant differences were observed based on baseline A1c level attending a follow-up session at any given time point (Table 2 ). From private and public sources, over USD 15,000,000 was identified in direct support and in-kind dollars for the Healthy South Texas initiative (including delivery of the Diabetes Education Program, as well as other disease prevention and health promotion activities) by governmental and nongovernmental entities. cache = ./cache/cord-353867-617f90wq.txt txt = ./txt/cord-353867-617f90wq.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-336201-fl606l3b author = Daryabor, Gholamreza title = The Effects of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Organ Metabolism and the Immune System date = 2020-07-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 13863 sentences = 715 flesch = 38 summary = Obesity-related immune cell infiltration, inflammation, and increased oxidative stress promote metabolic impairments in the insulin-sensitive tissues and finally, insulin resistance, organ failure, and premature aging occur. T2DM, the most common form of diabetes (∼90%), is characterized by a systemic inflammatory disease accompanied by insulin resistance (IR) or decreased metabolic response to insulin in several tissues, including the adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle, as well as by reduced insulin synthesis by pancreatic beta cells (4, 5) . During the progression of diabetes, hyperglycemia promotes mitochondrial dysfunction and induces the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cause oxidative stress in several tissues such as blood vessels and pancreatic beta cells (7) (8) (9) . In addition, the attachment of AGEs to their receptors [e.g., CD36, galectin-3, scavenger receptors types I (SR-A1), and II (SR-A2)] on the surfaces of immune cells in the circulation and tissues activates the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increases free radical generation (18) . cache = ./cache/cord-336201-fl606l3b.txt txt = ./txt/cord-336201-fl606l3b.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-334588-2vy4xkz6 author = Klaumann, Francini title = Current Knowledge on Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3): A Novel Virus With a Yet Unknown Impact on the Swine Industry date = 2018-12-12 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7285 sentences = 362 flesch = 47 summary = (21) also performed a brief retrospective study through qPCR on serum samples from animals clinically affected by PDNS-like lesions (but negative for PCV-2 by IHC) and pigs with porcine respiratory diseases. Based on these two initial works, the name PCV-3 was proposed as the third species of circoviruses affecting pigs, since pairwise analysis demonstrated significant divergence with the existing PCVs. The novel sequences showed <70% of identity in the predicted whole genome and capsid protein amino acid (aa) sequence compared to the other members of the Circovirus genus (22) . Cloned genomic DNA of type 2 porcine circovirus is infectious when injected directly into the liver and lymph nodes of pigs: characterization of clinical disease, virus distribution, and pathologic lesions Genetic characterization of Type 2 Porcine Circovirus (PCV-2) from pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome in different geographic regions of north America and development of a differential PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay cache = ./cache/cord-334588-2vy4xkz6.txt txt = ./txt/cord-334588-2vy4xkz6.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-343982-ymaql0hx author = Carr, M. J. title = Impact of COVID-19 on the diagnoses, HbA1c monitoring and mortality in people with type 2 diabetes: a UK-wide cohort study involving 13 million people in primary care date = 2020-10-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4444 sentences = 249 flesch = 58 summary = ; https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.25.20200675 doi: medRxiv preprint Supplementary figure 2: Comparison of monthly HbA1c testing rates in people with type 2 diabetes in primary care by age, gender, deprivation level and by region before and after the first COVID-19 peak in England (CPRD Aurum) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in (which was not certified by peer review) preprint ; https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.25.20200675 doi: medRxiv preprint Supplementary figure 6: Comparison of observed and expected monthly incidence rates for type 2 diabetes in primary care, HbA1c monitoring and new prescriptions for metformin and insulin before and after the first COVID-19 peak in Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales (CPRD GOLD) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in (which was not certified by peer review) preprint cache = ./cache/cord-343982-ymaql0hx.txt txt = ./txt/cord-343982-ymaql0hx.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-347207-1u4i6qmc author = Almomani, Huda Y. title = Randomised controlled trial of pharmacist-led patient counselling in controlling hypoglycaemic attacks in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (rose-adam): A study protocol date = 2020-07-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4460 sentences = 305 flesch = 55 summary = title: Randomised controlled trial of pharmacist-led patient counselling in controlling hypoglycaemic attacks in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (rose-adam): A study protocol Several studies have established the important positive role of educational interventions on achieving glycaemic control and other clinical outcomes, however, there is still a lack in studies that evaluate the impact of such type of interventions on hypoglycaemia risk in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of pharmacist-led patient counselling on reducing hypoglycaemic attacks in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Participants who are elderly (age ≥ 65 years), diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and taking insulin, sulfonylurea, or any three anti-diabetic medications will be randomly assigned to intervention (SUGAR Handshake) and control (usual care) groups. cache = ./cache/cord-347207-1u4i6qmc.txt txt = ./txt/cord-347207-1u4i6qmc.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-344093-3bniy5b5 author = Peteranderl, Christin title = The Impact of the Interferon/TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand Signaling Axis on Disease Progression in Respiratory Viral Infection and Beyond date = 2017-03-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 12546 sentences = 578 flesch = 34 summary = A prominent regulator of disease outcome, especially in-but not limited to-respiratory viral infection, is the IFN-dependent mediator TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) produced by several cell types including immune cells such as macrophages or T cells. (73) Cell death induction, e.g., Bcl-2-associated X protein, caspase-8, Fas-associated protein with death domain, Fas ligand, and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) dsRNA, polyI:C (4, 110) IAV (4, 5, 10, 115) Sendai virus (110) TRAIL Virus control by apoptosis induction in infected cells IAV (6, 170, 171) Tissue injury by apoptosis of both infected and non-infected alveolar epithelial cells, lung macrophages IAV (5, 7, 10) RSV (137) Necrosis of fibroblasts, dendritic cells, and epithelial cells IAV (146, 147, 168) Increased cellular infiltration CoV (175) Decreased expression of Na,K-ATPase, impaired epithelial fluid reabsorption IAV (11) iNTRODUCTiON In 1957, Isaacs and Lindenmann (1) first recognized the potential of a soluble and probably cell-derived factor to combat influenza virus infection and named this factor interferon [(IFN) from latin interferre, to interfere]. cache = ./cache/cord-344093-3bniy5b5.txt txt = ./txt/cord-344093-3bniy5b5.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-350571-6tapkjb6 author = nan title = 45th ESCP-NSF international symposium on clinical pharmacy: clinical pharmacy tackling inequalities and access to health care. Oslo, Norway, 5–7 October 2016 date = 2017-01-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 106013 sentences = 6203 flesch = 48 summary = Possible solutions might be to use shared communication tools like Internet based communication programs and to introduce the patient as a participant at the IMRs. Please specify your abstract type: Research abstract Background and objective: International good pharmacy practice guidelines describe how pharmacists should counsel the patients about their medicines, offer additional services where needed, and intervene at drug related problems. Please specify your abstract type: Descriptive abstract (for projects) Background and objective: In order to improve the medication reconciliation and to implement training programs for the medical team in an associated to general hospital nursing (ASNH) home we measured the discrepancies between pharmacy registered treatments (PRT) and medical prescriptions (MP), and we analysed potentially inappropriate prescriptions according to ''American Geriatrics Society 2015 Beers Criteria'' and ''STOPP-START 2014 criteria. cache = ./cache/cord-350571-6tapkjb6.txt txt = ./txt/cord-350571-6tapkjb6.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-010119-t1x9gknd author = nan title = Abstract Presentations from the AABB Annual Meeting San Diego, CA ctober 7‐10, 2017 date = 2017-09-04 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 230193 sentences = 13234 flesch = 55 summary = Conclusion: The wide distribution in the concentration of bioactive lipids among 405 stored RBC units suggests that lipid degradation is highly donor-Background/Case Studies: To ensure availability of biological products to hospitals, blood banks have developed and validated multiple storage conditions for each of their products to maximize shelf life and quality. 1 The Department of Blood Transfusion, The PLA General Hospital, 2 The Department of Blood Transfusion, Air Force General Hospital, PLA Background/Case Studies: Recently, multi researches have reported that longer term-stored red blood cells(RBCs) units were associated with increased risks of clinically adverse events, especially in critically ill patients. Weak D types 1, 2 and 3 express all the major RhD epitopes and these patients can be managed as RhD-positive, which may lead to a reduction in unnecessary Rh immunoglobulin (RhIG) administration and conservation of RhD-negative RBCs. Study Design/Method: RHD genotyping was performed on all patient samples with weaker than expected or discrepant RhD typing results, utilizing a commercially available genotyping kit manufactured by Immucor (RHD BeadChip). cache = ./cache/cord-010119-t1x9gknd.txt txt = ./txt/cord-010119-t1x9gknd.txt ===== Reducing email addresses cord-103108-vmze2mdx cord-240471-rz0pj5a3 cord-311332-n8tvglif Creating transaction Updating adr table ===== Reducing keywords cord-001124-qcjbtflt cord-001273-plz1ja2e cord-008700-knbf8m4x cord-015503-j99cgsjt cord-028840-7n77vko9 cord-010657-5qtsj8xv cord-026548-z2ifu1d6 cord-103108-vmze2mdx cord-031922-3pfxrhbc cord-025995-nxeg03xj cord-026005-f2khcjdy cord-030631-cc79j9j4 cord-018595-x3tleomb cord-240471-rz0pj5a3 cord-017248-a37t31u1 cord-259935-xyo2pe4g cord-004879-pgyzluwp cord-260793-bb4h255w cord-262545-bs8p50ig cord-257641-wmbgpnr9 cord-254404-lrsqrc2u cord-266488-wc6k06sm cord-259748-x7dq1sy4 cord-269734-u43gt8fh cord-284514-b7no0yrv cord-309795-2kozsv4z cord-292344-3bj567gr cord-284608-ba7wq52t cord-293819-tbdsr5iw cord-292908-rbn3foj3 cord-299756-m0va36er cord-265005-e6rpryrh cord-312955-gs65c3fy cord-307128-wwjeu8ie cord-311332-n8tvglif cord-315094-pzixgqcy cord-307110-eiobmxp2 cord-321878-bnjupaik cord-314328-gft6phd6 cord-316943-ef3i96bo cord-332186-3jy9zoz2 cord-326785-le2t1l8g cord-332133-6hdk8801 cord-335382-fk4um9nw cord-353867-617f90wq cord-334588-2vy4xkz6 cord-329398-8o39bwv7 cord-355239-fc52dn3v cord-336201-fl606l3b cord-347207-1u4i6qmc cord-343409-oao75pzy cord-343982-ymaql0hx cord-344093-3bniy5b5 cord-010119-t1x9gknd cord-350571-6tapkjb6 Creating transaction Updating wrd table ===== Reducing urls cord-015503-j99cgsjt cord-026548-z2ifu1d6 cord-103108-vmze2mdx cord-031922-3pfxrhbc cord-240471-rz0pj5a3 cord-018595-x3tleomb cord-259935-xyo2pe4g cord-260793-bb4h255w cord-254404-lrsqrc2u cord-299756-m0va36er cord-307128-wwjeu8ie cord-307110-eiobmxp2 cord-314328-gft6phd6 cord-316943-ef3i96bo cord-343409-oao75pzy cord-336201-fl606l3b cord-343982-ymaql0hx cord-350571-6tapkjb6 cord-010119-t1x9gknd Creating transaction Updating url table ===== Reducing named entities cord-008700-knbf8m4x cord-001124-qcjbtflt cord-001273-plz1ja2e cord-010657-5qtsj8xv cord-015503-j99cgsjt cord-028840-7n77vko9 cord-026548-z2ifu1d6 cord-103108-vmze2mdx cord-031922-3pfxrhbc cord-025995-nxeg03xj cord-240471-rz0pj5a3 cord-030631-cc79j9j4 cord-018595-x3tleomb cord-259935-xyo2pe4g cord-257641-wmbgpnr9 cord-260793-bb4h255w cord-026005-f2khcjdy cord-017248-a37t31u1 cord-254404-lrsqrc2u cord-262545-bs8p50ig cord-266488-wc6k06sm cord-269734-u43gt8fh cord-284514-b7no0yrv cord-309795-2kozsv4z cord-259748-x7dq1sy4 cord-292344-3bj567gr cord-284608-ba7wq52t cord-299756-m0va36er cord-265005-e6rpryrh cord-293819-tbdsr5iw cord-292908-rbn3foj3 cord-312955-gs65c3fy cord-307128-wwjeu8ie cord-004879-pgyzluwp cord-315094-pzixgqcy cord-311332-n8tvglif cord-307110-eiobmxp2 cord-321878-bnjupaik cord-314328-gft6phd6 cord-316943-ef3i96bo cord-332186-3jy9zoz2 cord-353867-617f90wq cord-326785-le2t1l8g cord-332133-6hdk8801 cord-329398-8o39bwv7 cord-355239-fc52dn3v cord-343982-ymaql0hx cord-336201-fl606l3b cord-334588-2vy4xkz6 cord-343409-oao75pzy cord-347207-1u4i6qmc cord-335382-fk4um9nw cord-344093-3bniy5b5 cord-350571-6tapkjb6 cord-010119-t1x9gknd Creating transaction Updating ent table ===== Reducing parts of speech cord-001124-qcjbtflt cord-010657-5qtsj8xv cord-028840-7n77vko9 cord-001273-plz1ja2e cord-015503-j99cgsjt cord-026548-z2ifu1d6 cord-031922-3pfxrhbc cord-030631-cc79j9j4 cord-257641-wmbgpnr9 cord-103108-vmze2mdx cord-240471-rz0pj5a3 cord-259935-xyo2pe4g cord-025995-nxeg03xj cord-262545-bs8p50ig cord-284514-b7no0yrv cord-299756-m0va36er cord-254404-lrsqrc2u cord-266488-wc6k06sm cord-292908-rbn3foj3 cord-260793-bb4h255w cord-269734-u43gt8fh cord-018595-x3tleomb cord-292344-3bj567gr cord-284608-ba7wq52t cord-293819-tbdsr5iw cord-008700-knbf8m4x cord-309795-2kozsv4z cord-312955-gs65c3fy cord-307128-wwjeu8ie cord-315094-pzixgqcy cord-311332-n8tvglif cord-307110-eiobmxp2 cord-321878-bnjupaik cord-314328-gft6phd6 cord-316943-ef3i96bo cord-332133-6hdk8801 cord-329398-8o39bwv7 cord-332186-3jy9zoz2 cord-259748-x7dq1sy4 cord-353867-617f90wq cord-334588-2vy4xkz6 cord-347207-1u4i6qmc cord-355239-fc52dn3v cord-343982-ymaql0hx cord-265005-e6rpryrh cord-343409-oao75pzy cord-336201-fl606l3b cord-326785-le2t1l8g cord-344093-3bniy5b5 cord-017248-a37t31u1 cord-335382-fk4um9nw cord-026005-f2khcjdy cord-004879-pgyzluwp cord-350571-6tapkjb6 cord-010119-t1x9gknd Creating transaction Updating pos table Building ./etc/reader.txt cord-010119-t1x9gknd cord-350571-6tapkjb6 cord-336201-fl606l3b cord-265005-e6rpryrh cord-001273-plz1ja2e cord-026005-f2khcjdy number of items: 55 sum of words: 717,796 average size in words: 18,405 average readability score: 50 nouns: type; patients; cells; blood; cell; study; infection; results; disease; diabetes; virus; protein; treatment; patient; transfusion; data; expression; time; samples; analysis; method; lung; types; cases; conclusion; number; drug; system; group; levels; gene; response; use; studies; risk; donors; plasma; years; infections; units; role; days; hospital; syndrome; receptor; antibody; platelet; genes; lesions; medication verbs: using; include; shown; increased; seen; identified; found; induces; associated; cause; performed; following; compared; based; reported; reduced; containing; occurring; suggesting; providing; related; leads; determine; required; involved; test; observed; expressed; develop; indicating; resulted; evaluates; detected; known; receives; treated; signaling; demonstrating; described; reveals; collected; binding; given; decreased; produced; made; activate; present; mediated; obtained adjectives: clinical; viral; high; human; positive; pulmonary; specific; different; anti; non; immune; acute; respiratory; chronic; severe; negative; common; significant; new; higher; possible; large; present; low; first; many; bacterial; important; abstract; inflammatory; several; similar; patient; potential; red; main; major; single; primary; multiple; available; medical; small; normal; like; total; molecular; alveolar; lower; dependent adverbs: also; however; well; significantly; respectively; often; usually; therefore; previously; particularly; prior; highly; recently; still; even; clinically; especially; generally; approximately; frequently; currently; commonly; furthermore; least; mainly; finally; first; directly; potentially; less; moreover; now; rapidly; together; much; already; typically; specifically; rather; grossly; additionally; primarily; microscopically; later; subsequently; yet; interestingly; statistically; completely; far pronouns: we; it; i; their; our; its; they; your; them; he; his; us; her; she; itself; one; you; themselves; him; my; ifnar1; me; isgf3; s; pdcs; ourselves; himself; mine; igg4; ifnyr-/-mice; λr1; y401; w@; theremaindwareeitherent~~ympas; srbcs; rbcs/100; q656; p62; organotyp[c; oneself; mrnas; mg; magpixv; irf8; iosns; immunosuppression; ilc1s; iiandciniii.usinganiemps/2; hpv120; em proper nouns: IFN; RBC; Study; Design; Background; Case; Studies; SARS; C; T; Fig; I; II; RNA; A; B; Blood; PCR; University; CoV-2; HIV; HCV; HLA; S; D; COVID-19; Hospital; ABO; M; FCoV; E.; Type; T2DM; mg; RHD; Health; PLT; K; CoV; Rh; TRAIL; L; RT; Listeria; Disease; NPY; Center; CD8; P.; S. keywords: type; cell; ifn; diabetes; study; patient; disease; sars; covid-19; pcr; infection; dna; virus; university; t2dm; result; pulmonary; lung; lesion; increase; hiv; hcv; gene; tissue; sample; receptor; pasteurella; medicine; level; human; hpv; hospital; hla; expression; drug; conclusion; cause; case; blood; background; zikv; zika; wbc; water; wastewater; typ-1-diabetes; turbulence; tumor; tularensis; tularaemia one topic; one dimension: type file(s): https://academic.oup.com/intimm/article-pdf/25/12/663/2038704/dxt050.pdf titles(s): Confounding roles for type I interferons during bacterial and viral pathogenesis three topics; one dimension: patients; cells; type file(s): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169716/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7271179/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7087532/ titles(s): Abstract Presentations from the AABB Annual Meeting San Diego, CA ctober 7‐10, 2017 | Respiratory System, Mediastinum, and Pleurae | Programmed cell death five topics; three dimensions: blood transfusion study; cells ifn type; patients diabetes type; pulmonary disease lung; type cell sequence file(s): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169716/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7087532/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32872662/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7271179/, https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-4690-10-35 titles(s): Abstract Presentations from the AABB Annual Meeting San Diego, CA ctober 7‐10, 2017 | Programmed cell death | Implementing a Diabetes Education Program to Reduce Health Disparities in South Texas: Application of the RE-AIM Framework for Planning and Evaluation | Respiratory System, Mediastinum, and Pleurae | Identification of diverse full-length endogenous betaretroviruses in megabats and microbats Type: cord title: keyword-type-cord date: 2021-05-25 time: 17:07 username: emorgan patron: Eric Morgan email: emorgan@nd.edu input: keywords:type ==== make-pages.sh htm files ==== make-pages.sh complex files ==== make-pages.sh named enities ==== making bibliographics id: cord-347207-1u4i6qmc author: Almomani, Huda Y. title: Randomised controlled trial of pharmacist-led patient counselling in controlling hypoglycaemic attacks in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (rose-adam): A study protocol date: 2020-07-29 words: 4460.0 sentences: 305.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-347207-1u4i6qmc.txt txt: ./txt/cord-347207-1u4i6qmc.txt summary: title: Randomised controlled trial of pharmacist-led patient counselling in controlling hypoglycaemic attacks in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (rose-adam): A study protocol Several studies have established the important positive role of educational interventions on achieving glycaemic control and other clinical outcomes, however, there is still a lack in studies that evaluate the impact of such type of interventions on hypoglycaemia risk in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of pharmacist-led patient counselling on reducing hypoglycaemic attacks in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Participants who are elderly (age ≥ 65 years), diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and taking insulin, sulfonylurea, or any three anti-diabetic medications will be randomly assigned to intervention (SUGAR Handshake) and control (usual care) groups. abstract: INTRODUCTION: Hypoglycaemia is one of the most serious adverse effects of diabetes treatment. Older adults are at the highest risk to develop hypoglycaemia. Several studies have established the important positive role of educational interventions on achieving glycaemic control and other clinical outcomes, however, there is still a lack in studies that evaluate the impact of such type of interventions on hypoglycaemia risk in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of pharmacist-led patient counselling on reducing hypoglycaemic attacks in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: and analysis: This study is an open-label, parallel controlled randomised trial, which will be conducted in the outpatient clinics at the largest referral hospital in the north of Jordan. Participants who are elderly (age ≥ 65 years), diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and taking insulin, sulfonylurea, or any three anti-diabetic medications will be randomly assigned to intervention (SUGAR Handshake) and control (usual care) groups. The SUGAR Handshake participants will have an interactive, individualised, medications-focused counselling session reinforced with a pictogram and a phone call at week six of enrolment. The primary outcome measure is the frequency of total hypoglycaemic events within 12 weeks of follow up. Secondary outcomes include the frequency of asymptomatic, symptomatic, and severe hypoglycaemic events, hypoglycaemia incidence, and time to the first hypoglycaemic attack. We will also conduct a nested qualitative study for process evaluation. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The Human Research Ethics Committee of the University of Lincoln and the Institutional Review Board of King Abdullah University Hospital approved this protocol. The findings of this study will be presented in international conferences and published in a peer-reviewed journal. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: The study protocol has been registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04081766. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S1551741120308354 doi: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.07.012 id: cord-315094-pzixgqcy author: Benetka, Viviane title: Prevalence of feline coronavirus types I and II in cats with histopathologically verified feline infectious peritonitis date: 2004-03-26 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Feline coronaviruses (FCoV) vary widely in virulence causing a spectrum of clinical manifestations reaching from subclinical course to fatal feline infectious peritonitis (FIP). Independent of virulence variations they are separated into two different types, type I, the original FCoV, and type II, which is closely related to canine coronavirus (CCV). The prevalence of FCoV types in Austrian cat populations without FIP has been surveyed recently indicating that type I infections predominate. The distribution of FCoV types in cats, which had succumbed to FIP, however, was fairly unknown. PCR assays have been developed amplifying parts of the spike protein gene. Type-specific primer pairs were designed, generating PCR products of different sizes. A total of 94 organ pools of cats with histopathologically verified FIP was tested. A clear differentiation was achieved in 74 cats, 86% of them were type I positive, 7% type II positive, and 7% were positive for both types. These findings demonstrate that in FIP cases FCoV type I predominates, too, nonetheless, in 14% of the cases FCoV type II was detected, suggesting its causative involvement in cases of FIP. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0378113503003821 doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2003.07.010 id: cord-260793-bb4h255w author: Brann, David H. title: Non-neuronal expression of SARS-CoV-2 entry genes in the olfactory system suggests mechanisms underlying COVID-19-associated anosmia date: 2020-05-18 words: 11985.0 sentences: 604.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-260793-bb4h255w.txt txt: ./txt/cord-260793-bb4h255w.txt summary: It has recently been demonstrated through single cell RNA sequencing analysis (referred to herein as scSeq) that cells from the human upper airway -including nasal RE goblet, basal and ciliated cells -express high levels of ACE2 and TMPRSS2, suggesting that these RE cell types may serve as a viral reservoir during CoV-2 infection (33) . The presence of Ace2 and Tmprss2 transcripts in mouse WOM and their (near total) absence in purified OSNs suggest that the molecular components that enable CoV-2 entry into cells are expressed in non-neuronal cell types in the mouse nasal epithelium. An independent mouse scSeq data set (obtained using the 10x Chromium platform, see Methods) revealed that olfactory sensory neurons did not express Ace2 (2 of 28769 mature OSNs were positive for Ace2), while expression was observed in a fraction of Bowman''s gland cells and HBCs ( Figure S4 , see methods). abstract: Altered olfactory function is a common symptom of COVID-19, but its etiology is unknown. A key question is whether SARS-CoV-2 (CoV-2) – the causal agent in COVID-19 – affects olfaction directly by infecting olfactory sensory neurons or their targets in the olfactory bulb, or indirectly, through perturbation of supporting cells. Here we identify cell types in the olfactory epithelium and olfactory bulb that express SARS-CoV-2 cell entry molecules. Bulk sequencing revealed that mouse, non-human primate and human olfactory mucosa expresses two key genes involved in CoV-2 entry, ACE2 and TMPRSS2. However, single cell sequencing and immunostaining demonstrated ACE2 expression in support cells, stem cells, and perivascular cells; in contrast, neurons in both the olfactory epithelium and bulb did not express ACE2 message or protein. These findings suggest that CoV-2 infection of non-neuronal cell types leads to anosmia and related disturbances in odor perception in COVID-19 patients. url: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.25.009084 doi: 10.1101/2020.03.25.009084 id: cord-343982-ymaql0hx author: Carr, M. J. title: Impact of COVID-19 on the diagnoses, HbA1c monitoring and mortality in people with type 2 diabetes: a UK-wide cohort study involving 13 million people in primary care date: 2020-10-27 words: 4444.0 sentences: 249.0 pages: flesch: 58.0 cache: ./cache/cord-343982-ymaql0hx.txt txt: ./txt/cord-343982-ymaql0hx.txt summary: ; https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.25.20200675 doi: medRxiv preprint Supplementary figure 2: Comparison of monthly HbA1c testing rates in people with type 2 diabetes in primary care by age, gender, deprivation level and by region before and after the first COVID-19 peak in England (CPRD Aurum) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in (which was not certified by peer review) preprint ; https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.25.20200675 doi: medRxiv preprint Supplementary figure 6: Comparison of observed and expected monthly incidence rates for type 2 diabetes in primary care, HbA1c monitoring and new prescriptions for metformin and insulin before and after the first COVID-19 peak in Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales (CPRD GOLD) is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in (which was not certified by peer review) preprint abstract: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has already disproportionately impacted people with diabetes. Timely diagnosis and appropriate monitoring in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are necessary to reduce the risk of long-term complications. Methods: We constructed a cohort of 23M patients using electronic health records from 1709 UK general practices registered with the Clinical Practice Research Datalink (CPRD), including 13M patients followed between March and July 2020. We compared trends in diagnoses, monitoring and mortality in T2D, before and after the first COVID-19 peak, using regression models and 10-year historical data. We extrapolated the number of missed or delayed diagnoses using UK Office for National Statistics data. Findings: In England, rates of new T2D diagnoses were reduced by 70% (95% CI 68%-71%) in April 2020, with similar reductions in Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. Between March and July, we estimated that there were more than 45,000 missed or delayed T2D diagnoses across the UK. In April, rates of HbA1c testing in T2D were greatly reduced in England (reduction: 77% (95% CI 76%-78%)) with more marked reductions in Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales (reduction: 84% (83-84%)). Reduced rates of diagnosing and HbA1c monitoring were particularly evident in older people, in males, and in those from deprived areas. Mortality rates in T2D in England were more than 2-fold higher (110%) in April compared to prior trends, but were only 66% higher in Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. Interpretation: As engagement with the NHS increases, healthcare services will need to manage the backlog and the expected increase in T2D severity due to delayed diagnoses and reduced monitoring. Older people, men, and those from deprived backgrounds with T2D may be groups to target for early intervention. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Greater Manchester Patient Safety Translational Research Centre url: http://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.10.25.20200675v1?rss=1 doi: 10.1101/2020.10.25.20200675 id: cord-001124-qcjbtflt author: Carrero, Javier Antonio title: Confounding roles for type I interferons during bacterial and viral pathogenesis date: 2013-10-24 words: 4545.0 sentences: 276.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-001124-qcjbtflt.txt txt: ./txt/cord-001124-qcjbtflt.txt summary: Although type I interferons (IFN-I) were initially defined as potent antiviral agents, they can also cause decreased host resistance to some bacterial and viral infections. In contrast, there is a negative effect of IFN-I on host resistance during chronic infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) and acute infections with intracellular bacteria. Following Listeria infection, IFN-I promote the cell death of macrophages and lymphocytes, which leads to innate immune suppression. Because of the extent of the IFN-I literature, this review will mostly limit itself to experiments that have examined viral and bacterial pathogenesis in IFNAR -/mice with a particular emphasis on work that has examined lethality and pathogen burden. In the case of influenza and potentially other respiratory viruses, the type III interferon system (which comprises IFN-λ subtypes and signals using IL-10R2-IFNLR1) plays a dominant role in restricting acute epithelial cell infection, thereby limiting the requirement of IFN-I signaling (10, 11) . Production of type I IFN sensitizes macrophages to cell death induced by Listeria monocytogenes abstract: Although type I interferons (IFN-I) were initially defined as potent antiviral agents, they can also cause decreased host resistance to some bacterial and viral infections. The many antiviral functions of the IFN-I include direct suppression of viral replication and activation of the immune response against viruses. In addition to their antiviral effects, IFN-I are also protective against several extracellular bacterial infections, in part, by promoting the induction of TNF-α and nitric oxide. In contrast, there is a negative effect of IFN-I on host resistance during chronic infection with lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) and acute infections with intracellular bacteria. In the case of LCMV, chronic IFN-I signaling induces adaptive immune system suppression. Blockade of IFN-I signaling removes the suppression and allows CD4 T-cell- and IFN-γ-mediated resolution of the infection. During acute intracellular bacterial infection, IFN-I suppress innate immunity by at least two defined mechanisms. During Francisella infection, IFN-I prevent IL-17 upregulation on γδ T cells and neutrophil recruitment. Following Listeria infection, IFN-I promote the cell death of macrophages and lymphocytes, which leads to innate immune suppression. These divergent findings for the role of IFN-I on pathogen control emphasize the complexity of the interferons system and force more mechanistic evaluation of its role in pathogenesis. This review evaluates IFN-I during infection with an emphasis on work carried out IFN-I-receptor-deficient mice. url: https://academic.oup.com/intimm/article-pdf/25/12/663/2038704/dxt050.pdf doi: 10.1093/intimm/dxt050 id: cord-293819-tbdsr5iw author: Carvalho, C.L. title: Tularaemia: A challenging zoonosis date: 2014-01-13 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: In recent years, several emerging zoonotic vector-borne infections with potential impact on human health have been identified in Europe, including tularaemia, caused by Francisella tularensis. This remarkable pathogen, one of the most virulent microorganisms currently known, has been detected in increasingly new settings and in a wide range of wild species, including lagomorphs, rodents, carnivores, fish and invertebrate arthropods. Also, a renewed concern has arisen with regard to F. tularensis: its potential use by bioterrorists. Based on the information published concerning the latest outbreaks, the aim of this paper is to review the main features of the agent, its biology, immunology and epidemiology. Moreover, special focus will be given to zoonotic aspects of the disease, as tularaemia outbreaks in human populations have been frequently associated with disease in animals. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24480622/ doi: 10.1016/j.cimid.2014.01.002 id: cord-028840-7n77vko9 author: Chardonnet, Kostia title: Toward a Curry-Howard Equivalence for Linear, Reversible Computation: Work-in-Progress date: 2020-06-17 words: 2632.0 sentences: 176.0 pages: flesch: 68.0 cache: ./cache/cord-028840-7n77vko9.txt txt: ./txt/cord-028840-7n77vko9.txt summary: In this paper, we present a linear and reversible language with inductive and coinductive types, together with a Curry-Howard correspondence with the logic [Image: see text] : linear logic extended with least and greatest fixed points allowing inductive and coinductive statements. The constructors inj l and inj r represent the choice between either the left or right-hand side of a type of the form A ⊕ B; the constructor , builds pairs of elements (with the corresponding type constructor ⊗); fold and pack respectively represent inductive and coinductive structure for the types μX.A and νX.A. A value can serve both as a result and as a pattern in the clause of an iso. We presented a higher-order, linear, reversible language with inductive and coinductive types together with an interpretation of programs into derivations in the logic . abstract: In this paper, we present a linear and reversible language with inductive and coinductive types, together with a Curry-Howard correspondence with the logic [Image: see text] : linear logic extended with least and greatest fixed points allowing inductive and coinductive statements. Linear, reversible computation makes an important sub-class of quantum computation without measurement. In the latter, the notion of purely quantum recursive type is not yet well understood. Moreover, models for reasoning about quantum algorithms only provide complex types for classical datatypes: there are usually no types for purely quantum objects beside tensors of quantum bits. This work is a first step towards understanding purely quantum recursive types. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7342045/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-52482-1_8 id: cord-336201-fl606l3b author: Daryabor, Gholamreza title: The Effects of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Organ Metabolism and the Immune System date: 2020-07-22 words: 13863.0 sentences: 715.0 pages: flesch: 38.0 cache: ./cache/cord-336201-fl606l3b.txt txt: ./txt/cord-336201-fl606l3b.txt summary: Obesity-related immune cell infiltration, inflammation, and increased oxidative stress promote metabolic impairments in the insulin-sensitive tissues and finally, insulin resistance, organ failure, and premature aging occur. T2DM, the most common form of diabetes (∼90%), is characterized by a systemic inflammatory disease accompanied by insulin resistance (IR) or decreased metabolic response to insulin in several tissues, including the adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle, as well as by reduced insulin synthesis by pancreatic beta cells (4, 5) . During the progression of diabetes, hyperglycemia promotes mitochondrial dysfunction and induces the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cause oxidative stress in several tissues such as blood vessels and pancreatic beta cells (7) (8) (9) . In addition, the attachment of AGEs to their receptors [e.g., CD36, galectin-3, scavenger receptors types I (SR-A1), and II (SR-A2)] on the surfaces of immune cells in the circulation and tissues activates the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increases free radical generation (18) . abstract: Metabolic abnormalities such as dyslipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, or insulin resistance and obesity play key roles in the induction and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The field of immunometabolism implies a bidirectional link between the immune system and metabolism, in which inflammation plays an essential role in the promotion of metabolic abnormalities (e.g., obesity and T2DM), and metabolic factors, in turn, regulate immune cell functions. Obesity as the main inducer of a systemic low-level inflammation is a main susceptibility factor for T2DM. Obesity-related immune cell infiltration, inflammation, and increased oxidative stress promote metabolic impairments in the insulin-sensitive tissues and finally, insulin resistance, organ failure, and premature aging occur. Hyperglycemia and the subsequent inflammation are the main causes of micro- and macroangiopathies in the circulatory system. They also promote the gut microbiota dysbiosis, increased intestinal permeability, and fatty liver disease. The impaired immune system together with metabolic imbalance also increases the susceptibility of patients to several pathogenic agents such as the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Thus, the need for a proper immunization protocol among such patients is granted. The focus of the current review is to explore metabolic and immunological abnormalities affecting several organs of T2DM patients and explain the mechanisms, whereby diabetic patients become more susceptible to infectious diseases. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32793223/ doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01582 id: cord-284514-b7no0yrv author: Davies, Robert L title: Diversity of avian Pasteurella multocida strains based on capsular PCR typing and variation of the OmpA and OmpH outer membrane proteins date: 2003-02-02 words: 4649.0 sentences: 241.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-284514-b7no0yrv.txt txt: ./txt/cord-284514-b7no0yrv.txt summary: title: Diversity of avian Pasteurella multocida strains based on capsular PCR typing and variation of the OmpA and OmpH outer membrane proteins One hundred avian Pasteurella multocida isolates recovered from cases of fowl cholera and related infections in England and Wales over a 13-year period were characterised by capsular PCR typing and analysis of outer membrane protein (OMP) profiles. Nineteen distinct OMP profiles (OMP-types) were identified based mainly on molecular mass heterogeneity of the heat-modifiable (OmpA) and porin (OmpH) proteins. Strains of capsular types B, D and F, as well as the untypable isolates, were associated exclusively with specific OMP-types and represent distinct and widely disseminated clonal groups. The molecular mass of OmpA (A) varied from 36.9 to 37.9 kDa and that of OmpH (H) varied from 33.1 to 38.3 kDa. The distribution of OMP-types among the avian isolates is shown in Table 1 . abstract: One hundred avian Pasteurella multocida isolates recovered from cases of fowl cholera and related infections in England and Wales over a 13-year period were characterised by capsular PCR typing and analysis of outer membrane protein (OMP) profiles. Sixty-eight percent of the strains were of capsular type A, 14% were type F, 5% were type D, 4% were type B and 9% were untypable. Nineteen distinct OMP profiles (OMP-types) were identified based mainly on molecular mass heterogeneity of the heat-modifiable (OmpA) and porin (OmpH) proteins. Fifty-six percent of the isolates were represented by 15 OMP-types, whereas 44% of the isolates were associated with four OMP-types. The extensive molecular mass heterogeneity of the OmpA and OmpH proteins supports previous findings that avian P. multocida strains are very diverse. Furthermore, the isolates studied were associated with different clinical symptoms and were recovered from a wide range of lesions and tissues. The high degree of strain diversity together with the wide variety of clinical symptoms suggest that certain avian strains of P. multocida are opportunistic pathogens of relatively low virulence. Strains of capsular types B, D and F, as well as the untypable isolates, were associated exclusively with specific OMP-types and represent distinct and widely disseminated clonal groups. These observations support the view that avian strains of P. multocida have a clonal population structure. Based on previous studies, the molecular mass heterogeneity of the OmpA and OmpH proteins might provide a selective advantage to P. multocida by generating antigenic variation. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12458166/ doi: 10.1016/s0378-1135(02)00300-0 id: cord-321878-bnjupaik author: Deliwala, Smit S. title: A 29-Year-Old Male with a Fatal Case of COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (CARDS) and Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury (VILI) date: 2020-07-23 words: 2249.0 sentences: 133.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-321878-bnjupaik.txt txt: ./txt/cord-321878-bnjupaik.txt summary: title: A 29-Year-Old Male with a Fatal Case of COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (CARDS) and Ventilator-Induced Lung Injury (VILI) Patient: Male, 29-year-old Final Diagnosis: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) • COVID-19 •multi organ failure/septic shock • pneumothorax Symptoms: Cough • dyspnea • fatigue • myalgia Medication:— Clinical Procedure: Mechanical ventilation • thoracentesis Specialty: Critical Care Medicine OBJECTIVE: Unknown ethiology BACKGROUND: COVID-19 patients that develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) "CARDS" behave differently compared to patients with classic forms of ARDS. In previous cases of SARS patients, pneumothorax was noted at 14-37 days after the initial diagnosis [16] , suggesting that a sustained period of lung inflammation serves as a pre-requisite, a similar time course as our patient Recently a scoring system was proposed to predict the risk of developing critical illness in COVID-19, allowing early interventions and resource allocation to mitigate the high disease burden [17] . abstract: Patient: Male, 29-year-old Final Diagnosis: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) • COVID-19 •multi organ failure/septic shock • pneumothorax Symptoms: Cough • dyspnea • fatigue • myalgia Medication:— Clinical Procedure: Mechanical ventilation • thoracentesis Specialty: Critical Care Medicine OBJECTIVE: Unknown ethiology BACKGROUND: COVID-19 patients that develop acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) “CARDS” behave differently compared to patients with classic forms of ARDS. Recently 2 CARDS phenotypes have been described, Type L and Type H. Most patients stabilize at the milder form, Type L, while an unknown subset progress to Type H, resembling full-blown ARDS. If uncorrected, phenotypic conversion can induce a rapid downward spiral towards progressive lung injury, vasoplegia, and pulmonary shrinkage, risking ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI) known as the “VILI vortex”. No cases of in-hospital phenotypic conversion have been reported, while ventilation strategies in these patients differ from the lung-protective approaches seen in classic ARDS. CASE REPORT: A 29-year old male was admitted with COVID-19 pneumonia complicated by severe ARDS, multi-organ failure, cytokine release syndrome, and coagulopathy during his admission. He initially resembled CARDS Type L case, although refractory hypoxemia, fevers, and a high viral burden prompted conversion to Type H within 8 days. Despite ventilation strategies, neuromuscular blockade, inhalation therapy, and vitamin C, he remained asynchronous to the ventilator with volumes and pressures beyond accepted thresholds, eventually developing a fatal tension pneumothorax. CONCLUSIONS: Patients that convert to Type H can quickly enter a spiral of hypoxemia, shunting, and dead-space ventilation towards full-blown ARDS. Understanding its nuances is vital to interrupting phenotypic conversion and entry into VILI vortex. Tension pneumothorax represents a poor outcome in patients with CARDS. Further research into monitoring lung dynamics, modifying ventilation strategies, and understanding response to various modes of ventilation in CARDS are required to mitigate these adverse outcomes. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32701934/ doi: 10.12659/ajcr.926136 id: cord-309795-2kozsv4z author: Dewidar, Bedair title: Metabolic liver disease in diabetes – from mechanisms to clinical trials date: 2020-06-20 words: 8642.0 sentences: 421.0 pages: flesch: 35.0 cache: ./cache/cord-309795-2kozsv4z.txt txt: ./txt/cord-309795-2kozsv4z.txt summary: NAFLD, which affects about 25% of the population [3] , comprises a broad range of abnormalities ranging from simple fatty liver (steatosis) to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), characterized by inflammation, necrosis, and hepatocellular ballooning, and progression to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) [2] . In general, both hyperglycemia and toxic lipids such as ceramides, DAG, FFA, and cholesterol can induce deleterious effects on liver cells (glucolipotoxicity), which might initiate NAFLD progression from simple steatosis to NASH and fibrosis via various mechanisms, including cell death, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and mitochondrial disorders [46] . BL, baseline; CCR2/5, C-C chemokine receptors type 2 and type 5; FXR, farnesoid X receptor; HbA 1c , glycated haemoglobin; LXR, Liver X receptor; MPC, mitochondrial pyruvate carrier; NA, data not available; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; NFS, NAFLD fibrosis score; PPAR, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor; NASH, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis; SCD, stearoyl-CoA desaturase; SGLT, sodium-glucose cotransporter; THR, thyroid hormone receptor; T2DM, type 2 diabetes. Potential Nexus of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Insulin Resistance Between Hepatic and Peripheral Tissues abstract: Abstract Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) comprises fatty liver (steatosis), non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and fibrosis/cirrhosis and may lead to end-stage liver failure or hepatocellular carcinoma. NAFLD is tightly associated with the most frequent metabolic disorders, such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Both multisystem diseases share several common mechanisms. Alterations of tissue communications include excessive lipid and later cytokine release by dysfunctional adipose tissue, intestinal dysbiosis and ectopic fat deposition in skeletal muscle. On the hepatocellular level, this leads to insulin resistance due to abnormal lipid handling and mitochondrial function. Over time, cellular oxidative stress and activation of inflammatory pathways, again supported by multiorgan crosstalk, determine NAFLD progression. Recent studies show that particularly the severe insulin resistant diabetes (SIRD) subgroup (cluster) associates with NAFLD and its accelerated progression and increases the risk of diabetes-related cardiovascular and kidney diseases, underpinning the critical role of insulin resistance. Consequently, lifestyle modification and certain drug classes used to treat T2DM have demonstrated effectiveness for treating NAFLD, but also some novel therapeutic concepts may be beneficial for both NAFLD and T2DM. This review addresses the bidirectional relationship between mechanisms underlying T2DM and NAFLD, the relevance of novel biomarkers for improving the diagnostic modalities and the identification of subgroups at specific risk of disease progression. Also, the role of metabolism-related drugs in NAFLD is discussed in light of the recent clinical trials. Finally, this review highlights some challenges to be addressed by future studies on NAFLD in the context of T2DM. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0026049520301633?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154299 id: cord-240471-rz0pj5a3 author: Dodds, P. S. title: Probability-turbulence divergence: A tunable allotaxonometric instrument for comparing heavy-tailed categorical distributions date: 2020-08-30 words: 7129.0 sentences: 435.0 pages: flesch: 59.0 cache: ./cache/cord-240471-rz0pj5a3.txt txt: ./txt/cord-240471-rz0pj5a3.txt summary: In Sec. IV, we show that probability-turbulence divergence is either a generalization of or may be connected to a number of other kinds of divergences and similarities (e.g., the Sørensen-Dice coefficient), and then discuss limited functional similarities with the Rényi entropy and diversity indices [20] [21] [22] [23] [24] . The dominant contributions to probability-turbulence divergence in the α → ∞ limit therefore come from the most common types in each systems, providing they are not equally abundant. For a primary, familiar example to help us explain our probability-turbulence divergence allotaxonographs, we compare the normalized usage frequency distributions of 2-gram usage between the first and second halves of Pride and Prejudice [29] . 5. Allotaxonograph using probability-turbulence divergence to compare normalized 2-gram usage ranks on two days of English-language Twitter, 2020/03/12 and 2020/05/30. Allotaxonograph using probability-turbulence divergence to compare 3-gram usage ranks on two days of English-language Twitter, 2020/03/12 and 2020/05/30. abstract: Real-world complex systems often comprise many distinct types of elements as well as many more types of networked interactions between elements. When the relative abundances of types can be measured well, we further observe heavy-tailed categorical distributions for type frequencies. For the comparison of type frequency distributions of two systems or a system with itself at different time points in time -- a facet of allotaxonometry -- a great range of probability divergences are available. Here, we introduce and explore `probability-turbulence divergence', a tunable, straightforward, and interpretable instrument for comparing normalizable categorical frequency distributions. We model probability-turbulence divergence (PTD) after rank-turbulence divergence (RTD). While probability-turbulence divergence is more limited in application than rank-turbulence divergence, it is more sensitive to changes in type frequency. We build allotaxonographs to display probability turbulence, incorporating a way to visually accommodate zero probabilities for `exclusive types' which are types that appear in only one system. We explore comparisons of example distributions taken from literature, social media, and ecology. We show how probability-turbulence divergence either explicitly or functionally generalizes many existing kinds of distances and measures, including, as special cases, $L^{(p)}$ norms, the S{o}rensen-Dice coefficient (the $F_1$ statistic), and the Hellinger distance. We discuss similarities with the generalized entropies of R{'e}nyi and Tsallis, and the diversity indices (or Hill numbers) from ecology. We close with thoughts on open problems concerning the optimization of the tuning of rank- and probability-turbulence divergence. url: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2008.13078v1.pdf doi: nan id: cord-018595-x3tleomb author: Dodiuk-Gad, Roni P. title: Adverse Medication Reactions date: 2017-04-25 words: 16304.0 sentences: 910.0 pages: flesch: 39.0 cache: ./cache/cord-018595-x3tleomb.txt txt: ./txt/cord-018595-x3tleomb.txt summary: 2. Delayed-type drug hypersensitivity: Delayed-type drug hypersensitivity reactions usually take several days to weeks following drug exposure, with variable clinical presentations that may include Maculopapular Eruption (MPE), Fixed Drug Eruption (FDE), Acute Generalized Exanthematous Pustulosis (AGEP), Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS), Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) and Drug Reaction with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DRESS). Examples of strong associations of HLA alleles with specific drug-induced hypersensitivity reactions include abacavir, nevirapine, carbamazepine, and allopurinol (Table 25. [61] , who reported the weak associations of HLA-A29, B12, and MPE maculopapular drug eruption, DRESS drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms, SJS/TEN Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis DR7 in sulfonamide-related TEN, and HLA-A2, B12 in oxicam-related TEN in Europeans [61] . Drug specific cytotoxic T-cells in the skin lesions of a patient with toxic epidermal necrolysis abstract: Cutaneous adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are among the most frequent adverse reactions in patients receiving drug therapy. They have a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations, are caused by various drugs, and result from different pathophysiological mechanisms. Hence, their diagnosis and management is challenging. Severe cutaneous ADRs comprise a group of diseases with major morbidity and mortality, reaching 30 % mortality rate in cases of Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis. This chapter covers the terminology, epidemiology, pathogenesis and classification of cutaneous ADR, describes the severe cutaneous ADRs and the clinical and laboratory approach to the patient with cutaneous ADR and presents the translation of laboratory-based discoveries on the genetic predisposition and pathogenesis of cutaneous ADRs to clinical management guidelines. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7123512/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-29785-9_25 id: cord-001273-plz1ja2e author: Dussurget, Olivier title: The bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogenes and the interferon family: type I, type II and type III interferons date: 2014-04-28 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Interferons (IFNs) are secreted proteins of the cytokine family that regulate innate and adaptive immune responses to infection. Although the importance of IFNs in the antiviral response has long been appreciated, their role in bacterial infections is more complex and is currently a major focus of investigation. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the role of these cytokines in host defense against the bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogenes and highlights recent discoveries on the molecular mechanisms evolved by this intracellular bacterium to subvert IFN responses. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4009421/ doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2014.00050 id: cord-332186-3jy9zoz2 author: Edens, FW title: Atypical Escherichia coli strains and their association with poult enteritis and mortality syndrome date: 1997-07-01 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Abstract To date, no definitive etiology has been described for Poult Enteritis and Mortality Syndrome (PEMS). However, two atypical Escherichia coli colony types are isolated consistently from moribund and dead poults afflicted with PEMS. To test the infectivity of these E. coli strains, poults were placed into floor pens in three isolation treatment rooms: 1) Control: no bacterial challenge, 2) E. coli colony Types 1 or 2 posthatch oral challenge: 10(8) cfu/per poult at 1 d, and 3) E. coli colony Types 1 or 2 posthatch oral challenge: 10(8) cfu/per poult at 6 d. Daily intramuscular injections of cyclophosphamide (100 micrograms per poult) from 1 to 5 d posthatch were given to half of the poults in each treatment. Atypical E. coli challenge caused BW depression, and cyclophosphamide treatment exacerbated the response. All E. coli-challenged poults developed diarrhea similar to PEMS. Mortality was increased by both atypical E. coli colony types, but at 21 d E. coli colony Type 2 caused greater mortality than colony Type 1. With cyclophosphamide treatment, mortality was exacerbated with both colony types, but colony Type 2 at 1 d caused the greatest mortality. Ultrastructural damage to ileum epithelium cell microvilli and subcellular organelles indicated that part of the BW depression could be attributed to malabsorption of nutrients. It was concluded that the atypical E. coli colony Types 1 and 2 play a significant role in the PEMS disease. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9200230/ doi: 10.1093/ps/76.7.952 id: cord-335382-fk4um9nw author: Farver, Carol F. title: Molecular Basis of Pulmonary Disease date: 2012-08-10 words: 32320.0 sentences: 1613.0 pages: flesch: 40.0 cache: ./cache/cord-335382-fk4um9nw.txt txt: ./txt/cord-335382-fk4um9nw.txt summary: When lung cancer is suspected, evaluation of the patient includes a thorough clinical, radiologic, and laboratory assessment, with collection of tissue or cytology samples to establish a pathologic diagnosis of malignancy and to classify the tumor type. Development of lung cancer occurs with multiple, complex, stepwise genetic and epigenetic changes involving allelic losses, chromosomal instability and imbalance, mutations in tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) and dominant oncogenes, epigenetic gene silencing through promoter hypermethylation, and aberrant expression of genes participating in control of cell proliferation and apoptosis [7] . In recent years, atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (AAH) has been recognized as a precursor lesion for peripheral pulmonary ACs. This lesion is defined as "a localized proliferation of mild to moderately atypical cells lining involved alveoli and, sometimes, respiratory bronchioles, resulting in focal lesions in peripheral Part IV Molecular Pathology of Human Disease alveolated lung, usually less than 5 mm in diameter and generally in the absence of underlying interstitial inflammation and fibrosis" (Figure 18 .8) [36] . abstract: Pulmonary pathology includes a large spectrum of both neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases that affect the lung. Many of these are a result of the unusual relationship of the lung with the outside world. Every breath that a human takes brings the outside world into the body in the form of infectious agents, organic and inorganic particles, and noxious agents of all types. Although the lung has many defense mechanisms to protect itself from these insults, these are not infallible; therefore, lung pathology arises. Damage to the lung is particularly important given the role of the lung in the survival of the organism. Any impairment of lung function has widespread effects throughout the body, since all organs depend on the lungs for the oxygen they need. Pulmonary pathology catalogs the changes in the lung tissues and the mechanisms through which these occur. This chapter presents a review of lung pathology and the current state of knowledge about the pathogenesis of each disease. It suggests that a clear understanding of both morphology and mechanism is required for the development of new therapies and preventive measures. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/B9780123744197000184 doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-374419-7.00018-4 id: cord-266488-wc6k06sm author: Feng, Mingqian title: Construction and next-generation sequencing analysis of a large phage-displayed V(NAR) single-domain antibody library from six naïve nurse sharks date: 2018-11-07 words: 6552.0 sentences: 351.0 pages: flesch: 58.0 cache: ./cache/cord-266488-wc6k06sm.txt txt: ./txt/cord-266488-wc6k06sm.txt summary: title: Construction and next-generation sequencing analysis of a large phage-displayed V(NAR) single-domain antibody library from six naïve nurse sharks METHODS: Here, we developed a library construction method based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-Extension Assembly and Self-Ligation (named "EASeL") to construct a large V(NAR) antibody library with a size of 1.2 × 10(10) from six naïve adult nurse sharks (Ginglymostoma cirratum). To validate the use of the shark V(NAR) library for antibody discovery, we isolated a panel of V(NAR) phage binders to cancer therapy-related antigens, including glypican-3, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and programmed cell death-1 (PD1). The isolated shark single-domain antibodies including Type I and Type II V(NAR)s were produced in Escherichia coli and validated for their antigen binding. In this study, we developed a PCR-Extension Assembly and Self-Ligation-based method (named EASeL) to make a large phage-displayed V NAR single-domain library from six nurse sharks. abstract: BACKGROUND: Shark new antigen receptor variable domain (V(NAR)) antibodies can bind restricted epitopes that may be inaccessible to conventional antibodies. METHODS: Here, we developed a library construction method based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-Extension Assembly and Self-Ligation (named “EASeL”) to construct a large V(NAR) antibody library with a size of 1.2 × 10(10) from six naïve adult nurse sharks (Ginglymostoma cirratum). RESULTS: The next-generation sequencing analysis of 1.19 million full-length V(NAR)s revealed that this library is highly diversified because it covers all four classical V(NAR) types (Types I–IV) including 11% of classical Type I and 57% of classical Type II. About 30% of the total V(NAR)s could not be categorized as any of the classical types. The high variability of complementarity determining region (CDR) 3 length and cysteine numbers are important for the diversity of V(NAR)s. To validate the use of the shark V(NAR) library for antibody discovery, we isolated a panel of V(NAR) phage binders to cancer therapy-related antigens, including glypican-3, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and programmed cell death-1 (PD1). Additionally, we identified binders to viral antigens that included the Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) spike proteins. The isolated shark single-domain antibodies including Type I and Type II V(NAR)s were produced in Escherichia coli and validated for their antigen binding. A Type II V(NAR) (PE38-B6) has a high affinity (K(d) = 10.1 nM) for its antigen. CONCLUSIONS: The naïve nurse shark V(NAR) library is a useful source for isolating single-domain antibodies to a wide range of antigens. The EASeL method may be applicable to the construction of other large diversity gene expression libraries. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30627698/ doi: 10.1093/abt/tby011 id: cord-025995-nxeg03xj author: Gerba, Charles P. title: Pathogen Removal from Wastewater during Groundwater Recharge date: 2013-11-17 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7271151/ doi: 10.1016/b978-0-250-40549-7.50015-1 id: cord-343409-oao75pzy author: Hayward, Joshua A title: Identification of diverse full-length endogenous betaretroviruses in megabats and microbats date: 2013-03-27 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: BACKGROUND: Betaretroviruses infect a wide range of species including primates, rodents, ruminants, and marsupials. They exist in both endogenous and exogenous forms and are implicated in animal diseases such as lung cancer in sheep, and in human disease, with members of the human endogenous retrovirus-K (HERV-K) group of endogenous betaretroviruses (βERVs) associated with human cancers and autoimmune diseases. To improve our understanding of betaretroviruses in an evolutionarily distinct host species, we characterized βERVs present in the genomes and transcriptomes of mega- and microbats, which are an important reservoir of emerging viruses. RESULTS: A diverse range of full-length βERVs were discovered in mega- and microbat genomes and transcriptomes including the first identified intact endogenous retrovirus in a bat. Our analysis revealed that the genus Betaretrovirus can be divided into eight distinct sub-groups with evidence of cross-species transmission. Betaretroviruses are revealed to be a complex retrovirus group, within which one sub-group has evolved from complex to simple genomic organization through the acquisition of an env gene from the genus Gammaretrovirus. Molecular dating suggests that bats have contended with betaretroviral infections for over 30 million years. CONCLUSIONS: Our study reveals that a diverse range of betaretroviruses have circulated in bats for most of their evolutionary history, and cluster with extant betaretroviruses of divergent mammalian lineages suggesting that their distribution may be largely unrestricted by host species barriers. The presence of βERVs with the ability to transcribe active viral elements in a major animal reservoir for viral pathogens has potential implications for public health. url: https://doi.org/10.1186/1742-4690-10-35 doi: 10.1186/1742-4690-10-35 id: cord-010657-5qtsj8xv author: Heckman, Carol A. title: Pathogenesis of Lesions Induced in Rat Lung by Chronic Tobacco Smoke Inhalation date: 1982-07-01 words: 4324.0 sentences: 280.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-010657-5qtsj8xv.txt txt: ./txt/cord-010657-5qtsj8xv.txt summary: In serially killed animals, four types of lesions were found: 1) perivascular or peribronchiolar accumulation of lymphoreticular cells, 2) fibrotic and cellular enlargement of peribronchiolar septa, 3) type II cell hyperplasia with septal fibrosis, and 4) air-space enlargement (emphysema). The type II hyperplastic and peribronchiolar alveolar lesions involved larger portions of the parenchyma in fibrotic changes but differed in structure, location, and frequency. In studies by Roe''s group (1, 2) , the major lesions induced in the rat lung by lifetime exposure were columnar, cuboidal, and squamous metaplasias of the alveolar epithelium. (3) on rats exposed to tobacco smoke for 6 weeks showed characteristic lesions at the level of the respiratory bronchiole, including peribronchiolar and perivascular infiltration by lymphocytes, focal pneumonitis, and alveolar cuboidal or columnar metaplasia. The present studies have shown that the most common type of focal lesions to develop in the lungs of tobacco smoke-exposed animals consisted of accumulated lymphocytes and macrophages in the vascular adventitia. abstract: Lesions were induced in the lungs of specific-pathogen-free F344 rats by chronic tobacco smoke exposure. Animals exposed to 7 cigarettes/day were killed after 1, 1.5, or 2 years of exposure. Parallel lifetime exposures induced pulmonary tumors in 9% of the animals. In serially killed animals, four types of lesions were found: 1) perivascular or peribronchiolar accumulation of lymphoreticular cells, 2) fibrotic and cellular enlargement of peribronchiolar septa, 3) type II cell hyperplasia with septal fibrosis, and 4) air-space enlargement (emphysema). However, emphysema occurred only in animals exposed to a higher (10 cigarettes) dose of tobacco smoke. Ultrastructural studies showed all of the focal lesions to be infiltrated by cells typical of the inflammatory response. The type II hyperplastic and peribronchiolar alveolar lesions involved larger portions of the parenchyma in fibrotic changes but differed in structure, location, and frequency. The incidence of the peribronchiolar alveolar lesions was temporally related to tumor incidence. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7204517/ doi: 10.1093/jnci/69.1.117 id: cord-292908-rbn3foj3 author: Hohdatsu, T. title: Antigenic analysis of feline coronaviruses with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs): Preparation of MAbs which discriminate between FIPV strain 79-1146 and FECV strain 79-1683 date: 1991-06-30 words: 3250.0 sentences: 188.0 pages: flesch: 61.0 cache: ./cache/cord-292908-rbn3foj3.txt txt: ./txt/cord-292908-rbn3foj3.txt summary: title: Antigenic analysis of feline coronaviruses with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs): Preparation of MAbs which discriminate between FIPV strain 79-1146 and FECV strain 79-1683 Abstract We prepared 31 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against either FIPV strain 79-1146 or FECV strain 79-1683, and tested them for reactivity with various coronaviruses by indirect flourescent antibody assay (IFA). Sixteen MAbs which reacted with all of the 11 strains of feline coronaviruses, also reacted with canine coronavirus (CCV) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV). For serological diagnosis of feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) infection, detection of antibody by indirect fluorescent antibody assay (IFA) is popular (Pedersen, 1976b; Horzinek and Osterhaus, 1979; Scott, 1979) . They divided FIPV into Types I and II according to the presence or absence of the induction of FIP, ability of the viruses to proliferate in cell cultures, and the antigenic relationship with porcine and canine coronaviruses. abstract: Abstract We prepared 31 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against either FIPV strain 79-1146 or FECV strain 79-1683, and tested them for reactivity with various coronaviruses by indirect flourescent antibody assay (IFA). Sixteen MAbs which reacted with all of the 11 strains of feline coronaviruses, also reacted with canine coronavirus (CCV) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV). In many of them, the polypeptide specifity was the recognition of transmembrane (E1) protein of the virus. We succeeded in obtaining MAbs which did not react with eight strains FIPV Type I viruses (showing cell-associated growth) but reacted with FIPV Type II (79-1146, KU-1) and/or FECV Type II (79-1683) viruses (showing non-cell associated growth). These MAbs also reacted with CCV or TGEV. These MAbs recognized peplomer (E2) glycoprotein, and many antigenic differences were found in this E2 protein. These results suggest that FIPV Type II and FECV Type II viruses are antigenically closer to TGEV or CCV than to FIPV Type I viruses. Furthermore, the MAb prepared in this study has enabled discrimination between FIPV strain 79-1146 and FECV strain 79-1683, which was thought to be impossible by the previous serological method. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/037811359190096X doi: 10.1016/0378-1135(91)90096-x id: cord-355239-fc52dn3v author: Kato, Kentaro title: The Role of Carbohydrates in Infection Strategies of Enteric Pathogens date: 2014-11-15 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Enteric pathogens cause considerable public health concerns worldwide including tropical regions. Here, we review the roles of carbohydrates in the infection strategies of various enteric pathogens including viruses, bacteria and protozoa, which infect the epithelial lining of the human and animal intestine. At host cell entry, enteric viruses, including norovirus, recognize mainly histo-blood group antigens. At the initial step of bacterial infections, carbohydrates also function as receptors for attachment. Here, we describe the function of carbohydrates in infection by Salmonella enterica and several bacterial species that produce a variety of fimbrial adhesions. During invasion by enteropathogenic protozoa, apicomplexan parasites utilize sialic acids or sulfated glycans. Carbohydrates serve as receptors for infection by these microbes; however, their usage of carbohydrates varies depending on the microbe. On the surface of the mucosal tissues of the gastrointestinal tract, various carbohydrate moieties are present and play a crucial role in infection, representing the site of infection or route of access for most microbes. During the infection and/or invasion process of the microbes, carbohydrates function as receptors for various microbes, but they can also function as a barrier to infection. One approach to develop effective prophylactic and therapeutic antimicrobial agents is to modify the drug structure. Another approach is to modify the mode of inhibition of infection depending on the individual pathogen by using and mimicking the interactions with carbohydrates. In addition, similarities in mode of infection may also be utilized. Our findings will be useful in the development of new drugs for the treatment of enteric pathogens. url: https://doi.org/10.2149/tmh.2014-25 doi: 10.2149/tmh.2014-25 id: cord-257641-wmbgpnr9 author: Katsarou, Maria title: Acute Retrograde Type A Intramural Hematoma during SARS-CoV-2 time date: 2020-10-15 words: 491.0 sentences: 47.0 pages: flesch: 63.0 cache: ./cache/cord-257641-wmbgpnr9.txt txt: ./txt/cord-257641-wmbgpnr9.txt summary: title: Acute Retrograde Type A Intramural Hematoma during SARS-CoV-2 time Retrograde type A IMH (retro-TAIMH) origins in the descending aorta and 4 extend into the arch or ascending aorta. Follow-up CTA was performed at 24 hours 13 (B) and 7 days (C) showing progressive to complete thrombosis of the entry tear, with reduction 14 in aortic diameter which is the most important predictor of IMH regression and positive 15 outcome. CoV-2 pandemic peak in Lombardy and the patient was found to be positive to the virus five 17 days after symptom onset, with progressive dyspnea and worsening findings on chest X rays (D). 4 Medical treatment appears to be appropriate in asymptomatic patients, in those 1 with non-complicated retro-TAIMH and in patients with high open surgical / TEVAR risks. The differences and similarities between intramural hematoma of the descending 6 aorta and acute type B dissection Management of retrograde type A IMH with acute arch tear/type B dissection abstract: nan url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0741521420321479?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2020.09.019 id: cord-334588-2vy4xkz6 author: Klaumann, Francini title: Current Knowledge on Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3): A Novel Virus With a Yet Unknown Impact on the Swine Industry date: 2018-12-12 words: 7285.0 sentences: 362.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-334588-2vy4xkz6.txt txt: ./txt/cord-334588-2vy4xkz6.txt summary: (21) also performed a brief retrospective study through qPCR on serum samples from animals clinically affected by PDNS-like lesions (but negative for PCV-2 by IHC) and pigs with porcine respiratory diseases. Based on these two initial works, the name PCV-3 was proposed as the third species of circoviruses affecting pigs, since pairwise analysis demonstrated significant divergence with the existing PCVs. The novel sequences showed <70% of identity in the predicted whole genome and capsid protein amino acid (aa) sequence compared to the other members of the Circovirus genus (22) . Cloned genomic DNA of type 2 porcine circovirus is infectious when injected directly into the liver and lymph nodes of pigs: characterization of clinical disease, virus distribution, and pathologic lesions Genetic characterization of Type 2 Porcine Circovirus (PCV-2) from pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome in different geographic regions of north America and development of a differential PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay abstract: Porcine circovirus 3 (PCV-3) is a recently described virus belonging to the family Circoviridae. It represents the third member of genus Circovirus able to infect swine, together with PCV-1, considered non-pathogenic, and PCV-2, one of the most economically relevant viruses for the swine worldwide industry. PCV-3 was originally found by metagenomics analyses in 2015 in tissues of pigs suffering from porcine dermatitis and nephropathy syndrome, reproductive failure, myocarditis and multisystemic inflammation. The lack of other common pathogens as potential infectious agents of these conditions prompted the suspicion that PCV-3 might etiologically be involved in disease occurrence. Subsequently, viral genome was detected in apparently healthy pigs, and retrospective studies indicated that PCV-3 was already present in pigs by early 1990s. In fact, current evidence suggests that PCV-3 is a rather widespread virus worldwide. Recently, the virus DNA has also been found in wild boar, expanding the scope of infection susceptibility among the Suidae family; also, the potential reservoir role of this species for the domestic pig has been proposed. Phylogenetic studies with available PCV-3 partial and complete sequences from around the world have revealed high nucleotide identity (>96%), although two main groups and several subclusters have been described as well. Moreover, it has been proposed the existence of a most common ancestor dated around 50 years ago. Taking into account the economic importance and the well-known effects of PCV-2 on the swine industry, a new member of the same family like PCV-3 should not be neglected. Studies on epidemiology, pathogenesis, immunity and diagnosis are guaranteed in the next few years. Therefore, the present review will update the current knowledge and future trends of research on PCV-3. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30631769/ doi: 10.3389/fvets.2018.00315 id: cord-311332-n8tvglif author: Kostoff, Ronald N. title: Literature-related discovery: Potential treatments and preventatives for SARS() date: 2011-04-20 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Literature-related discovery (LRD) is the linking of two or more previously disjoint concepts in order to produce novel, interesting, plausible, and intelligible connections (i.e., potential discovery). LRD has been used to identify potential treatments or preventative actions for challenging medical problems, among myriad other applications. Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) was the first pandemic of the 21st century. SARS was eventually controlled through increased hygienic measures (e.g., face mask protection, frequent hand washing, living quarter disinfection), travel restrictions, and quarantine. According to recent reviews of SARS, none of the drugs that were used during the pandemic worked. For the present paper, SARS was selected as the first application of LRD to an infectious disease. The main goal of this research was to identify non-drug non-surgical treatments that would 1) prevent the occurrence, or 2) reduce the progression rate, or 3) stop/reverse the progression of SARS. The MeSH taxonomy of Medline was used to restrict potential discoveries to selected semantic classes, and to identify potential discoveries efficiently. To enhance the volume of potential discovery, databases were used in addition to Medline. These included the Science Citation Index (SCI) and, in contrast to previous work, a full text database. Because of the richness of the full text, ‘surgical’ queries were developed that targeted the exact types of potential discovery of interest while eliminating clutter more efficiently. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32287410/ doi: 10.1016/j.techfore.2011.03.022 id: cord-026548-z2ifu1d6 author: Lagaillardie, Nicolas title: Implementing Multiparty Session Types in Rust date: 2020-05-13 words: 3291.0 sentences: 239.0 pages: flesch: 63.0 cache: ./cache/cord-026548-z2ifu1d6.txt txt: ./txt/cord-026548-z2ifu1d6.txt summary: Multiparty Session Types (MPST) is a typing discipline for distributed protocols, which ensures communication safety and deadlock-freedom for more than two participants. In addition, since we generate the local types from a readable global specification, errors caused by an affine (and not linear) usage of channels, a well-known limitation of the previous libraries [8, 9] , are easily avoided. Our framework guarantees that processes implemented using mpst-rust primitives with Scribble-generated types are free from deadlocks, reception errors, and protocol deviations. (line 12), which is applied to a multiparty channel s of a sum type between ChoiceA::Video and ChoiceA::End. The behaviour of each branch in the protocol is implemented as an anonymous function. The types of the multiparty channel, as well as the generic types in the declaration of the mpst-rust communication functions, enable compile-time detection of protocol violations, such as swapping line 3 and line 4, using another communication primitive or using the wrong payload type. The Rust library in [8] implements binary session types, following [4] . abstract: Multiparty Session Types (MPST) is a typing discipline for distributed protocols, which ensures communication safety and deadlock-freedom for more than two participants. This paper reports on our research project, implementing multiparty session types in Rust. Current Rust implementations of session types are limited to binary (two-party communications). We extend an existing library for binary session types to MPST. We have implemented a simplified Amazon Prime Video Streaming protocol using our library for both shared and distributed communication transports. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7282848/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-50029-0_8 id: cord-314328-gft6phd6 author: Lawrence, C. title: Increased paediatric presentations of severe diabetic ketoacidosis in an Australian tertiary centre during the COVID‐19 pandemic date: 2020-10-23 words: 2088.0 sentences: 118.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-314328-gft6phd6.txt txt: ./txt/cord-314328-gft6phd6.txt summary: AIMS: To determine if the frequency of severe diabetic ketoacidosis at presentation of new‐onset type 1 diabetes to an Australian tertiary centre increased during the initial period of restrictions resulting from the COVID‐19 pandemic (March to May 2020). We report one Australian centre''s experience of presentations of newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes in a paediatric cohort during the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions (March to May inclusive) compared to pre-pandemic presentations in the March to May periods of the years 2015 to 2019. • We report a significant increase in the frequency of severe diabetic ketoacidosis at presentation of new-onset type 1 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic at our tertiary centre. This study reports a significant increase in the frequency of children and adolescents presenting with severe DKA at onset of type 1 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic. The increase in presentations of children and adolescents with severe DKA at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic is a major concern. abstract: AIMS: To determine if the frequency of severe diabetic ketoacidosis at presentation of new‐onset type 1 diabetes to an Australian tertiary centre increased during the initial period of restrictions resulting from the COVID‐19 pandemic (March to May 2020). METHODS: Data were collected on presentations of newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes as well as on all paediatric presentations to the emergency department of a tertiary centre between 2015 and 2020. Data from the period of initial COVID restrictions in Australia (March to May 2020) were compared to the period March to May of the previous 5 years (pre‐pandemic periods). RESULTS: The number of new diagnoses of type 1 diabetes was comparable in the pandemic period and pre‐pandemic periods (11 in 2020 vs range 6–10 in 2015–2019). The frequency of severe diabetic ketoacidosis was significantly higher in the pandemic period compared to the pre‐pandemic periods (45% vs 5%; P <0.003), odds ratio 16.7 (95% CI 2.0, 194.7). The overall frequency of diabetic ketoacidosis was also significantly higher during the pandemic period (73% vs 26%; P <0.007), odds ratio 7.5 (95% CI 1.7, 33.5). None of the individuals tested positive for COVID‐19. Presentations of people aged <18 years to the emergency department decreased by 27% in the pandemic period compared to the average of the pre‐pandemic periods (4799 vs 6550; range 6268 to 7131). CONCLUSIONS: A significant increase in the frequency of severe diabetic ketoacidosis at presentation of type 1 diabetes was observed during the initial period of COVID‐19 restrictions. We hypothesize that concern about presenting to hospital during a pandemic led to a delay in diagnosis. These data have important implications for advocacy of seeking healthcare for non‐pandemic‐related conditions during a global pandemic. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33020999/ doi: 10.1111/dme.14417 id: cord-329398-8o39bwv7 author: Li, Kunwei title: CT image visual quantitative evaluation and clinical classification of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) date: 2020-03-25 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: OBJECTIVES: To explore the relationship between the imaging manifestations and clinical classification of COVID-19. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective single-center study on patients with COVID-19 from Jan. 18, 2020 to Feb. 7, 2020 in Zhuhai, China. Patients were divided into 3 types based on Chinese guideline: mild (patients with minimal symptoms and negative CT findings), common, and severe-critical (patients with positive CT findings and different extent of clinical manifestations). CT visual quantitative evaluation was based on summing up the acute lung inflammatory lesions involving each lobe, which was scored as 0 (0%), 1 (1–25%), 2 (26–50%), 3 (51–75%), or 4 (76–100%), respectively. The total severity score (TSS) was reached by summing the five lobe scores. The consistency of two observers was evaluated. The TSS was compared with the clinical classification. ROC was used to test the diagnosis ability of TSS for severe-critical type. RESULTS: This study included 78 patients, 38 males and 40 females. There were 24 mild (30.8%), 46 common (59.0%), and 8 severe-critical (10.2%) cases, respectively. The median TSS of severe-critical-type group was significantly higher than common type (p < 0.001). The ICC value of the two observers was 0.976 (95% CI 0.962–0.985). ROC analysis showed the area under the curve (AUC) of TSS for diagnosing severe-critical type was 0.918. The TSS cutoff of 7.5 had 82.6% sensitivity and 100% specificity. CONCLUSIONS: The proportion of clinical mild-type patients with COVID-19 was relatively high; CT was not suitable for independent screening tool. The CT visual quantitative analysis has high consistency and can reflect the clinical classification of COVID-19. KEY POINTS: • CT visual quantitative evaluation has high consistency (ICC value of 0.976) among the observers. The median TSS of severe-critical type group was significantly higher than common type (p < 0.001). • ROC analysis showed the area under the curve (AUC) of TSS for diagnosing severe-critical type was 0.918 (95% CI 0.843–0.994). The TSS cutoff of 7.5 had 82.6% sensitivity and 100% specificity. • The proportion of confirmed COVID-19 patients with normal chest CT was relatively high (30.8%); CT was not a suitable screening modality url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00330-020-06817-6 doi: 10.1007/s00330-020-06817-6 id: cord-332133-6hdk8801 author: Li, Mao-Zhong title: A Pneumonia Case Associated with Type 2 Polio Vaccine Strains date: 2017-01-05 words: 1231.0 sentences: 73.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-332133-6hdk8801.txt txt: ./txt/cord-332133-6hdk8801.txt summary: title: A Pneumonia Case Associated with Type 2 Polio Vaccine Strains [1, 2] Other than VAPP cases and VDPVs, Type 2 polio vaccine strains can also cause a variety of illnesses. [3] To the best of our knowledge, no cases of pneumonia resulting from Type 2 polio vaccine strains have been reported. However, here we report an infant case associated with the Type 2 polio vaccine strain. A 3-month-old male infant with no underlying diseases was admitted to Beijing Haidian Hospital on July 31, 2015, where he was diagnosed with lobular pneumonia exactly 26 days after he had received his second dose of trivalent OPV (tOPV). However, this report provides an initial case of pneumonia, the outcomes associated with Type 2 polio vaccine strains, and the implications for the safety of attenuated OPV in the absence of wild virus diseases. abstract: nan url: https://doi.org/10.4103/0366-6999.196575 doi: 10.4103/0366-6999.196575 id: cord-262545-bs8p50ig author: Luk, Andrea O. Y. title: Secular trends in incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Hong Kong: A retrospective cohort study date: 2020-02-20 words: 6131.0 sentences: 278.0 pages: flesch: 58.0 cache: ./cache/cord-262545-bs8p50ig.txt txt: ./txt/cord-262545-bs8p50ig.txt summary: From the 2012-2014 National Health Insurance Service database containing 706 physician-reported cases of type 1 diabetes in children aged <15 years in South Korea, Kim and colleagues reported an incidence of 3.2 per 100,000 person-years, which was 2.3-fold higher compared with the rate recorded in the earlier period of 1995-2000 [13] . Based on retrospective retrieval of 255 paediatric cases of newly diagnosed diabetes between 1984 and 1996, Huen and colleagues recorded an incidence of 1.4 per 100,000 person-years for type 1 diabetes in children aged <15 years in Hong Kong, which was considerably lower than our updated estimates of 5.3-6.4 per 100,000 person-years in a comparable age group [14] . In the present study, 60% of incident cases of diabetes in people aged <20 years were type 2 diabetes. In this report on the secular trend of the incidence of diabetes in Hong Kong, we revealed that the incidence of type 1 diabetes increased in people aged <20 years and was stable in other age groups. abstract: BACKGROUND: There is very limited data on the time trend of diabetes incidence in Asia. Using population-level data, we report the secular trend of the incidence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Hong Kong between 2002 and 2015. METHODS AND FINDINGS: The Hong Kong Diabetes Surveillance Database hosts clinical information on people with diabetes receiving care under the Hong Kong Hospital Authority, a statutory body that governs all public hospitals and clinics. Sex-specific incidence rates were standardised to the age structure of the World Health Organization population. Joinpoint regression analysis was used to describe incidence trends. A total of 562,022 cases of incident diabetes (type 1 diabetes [n = 2,426]: mean age at diagnosis is 32.5 years, 48.4% men; type 2 diabetes [n = 559,596]: mean age at diagnosis is 61.8 years, 51.9% men) were included. Among people aged <20 years, incidence of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes increased. For type 1 diabetes, the incidence increased from 3.5 (95% CI 2.2–4.9) to 5.3 (95% CI 3.4–7.1) per 100,000 person-years (average annual percentage change [AAPC] 3.6% [95% CI 0.2–7.1], p < 0.05) in boys and from 4.3 (95% CI 2.7–5.8) to 6.4 (95% CI 4.3–8.4) per 100,000 person-years (AAPC 4.7% [95% CI 1.7–7.7], p < 0.05] in girls; for type 2 diabetes, the incidence increased from 4.6 (95% CI 3.2–6.0) to 7.5 (95% CI 5.5–9.6) per 100,000 person-years (AAPC 5.9% [95% CI 3.4–8.5], p < 0.05) in boys and from 5.9 (95% CI 4.3–7.6) to 8.5 (95% CI 6.2–10.8) per 100,000 person-years (AAPC 4.8% [95% CI 2.7–7.0], p < 0.05) in girls. In people aged 20 to <40 years, incidence of type 1 diabetes remained stable, but incidence of type 2 diabetes increased over time from 75.4 (95% CI 70.1–80.7) to 110.8 (95% CI 104.1–117.5) per 100,000 person-years (AAPC 4.2% [95% CI 3.1–5.3], p < 0.05) in men and from 45.0 (95% CI 41.4–48.6) to 62.1 (95% CI 57.8–66.3) per 100,000 person-years (AAPC 3.3% [95% CI 2.3–4.2], p < 0.05) in women. In people aged 40 to <60 years, incidence of type 2 diabetes increased until 2011/2012 and then flattened. In people aged ≥60 years, incidence was stable in men and declined in women after 2011. No trend was identified in the incidence of type 1 diabetes in people aged ≥20 years. The present study is limited by its reliance on electronic medical records for identification of people with diabetes, which may result in incomplete capture of diabetes cases. The differentiation of type 1 and type 2 diabetes was based on an algorithm subject to potential misclassification. CONCLUSIONS: There was an increase in incidence of type 2 diabetes in people aged <40 years and stabilisation in people aged ≥40 years. Incidence of type 1 diabetes continued to climb in people aged <20 years but remained constant in other age groups. url: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003052 doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003052 id: cord-026005-f2khcjdy author: López, Alfonso title: Respiratory System, Mediastinum, and Pleurae date: 2017-02-17 words: 57323.0 sentences: 2749.0 pages: flesch: 34.0 cache: ./cache/cord-026005-f2khcjdy.txt txt: ./txt/cord-026005-f2khcjdy.txt summary: Microscopic examination of properly collected, stored, and processed samples may reveal many erythrocytes and siderophages in pulmonary hemorrhage or left-sided heart failure; inclusion bodies or syncytial cells in viral pneumonias; increased number of leukocytes in pulmonary inflammation; abundant mucus in asthma or equine recurrent airway obstruction (RAO); the presence of pulmonary pathogens, such as parasites, fungi, and bacteria; or tumor cells in cases of pulmonary neoplasia. The portal of entry for the respiratory form is typically aerogenous, and the disease is generally transient; thus the primary viral-induced lesions in the nasal mucosa and lungs are rarely seen at necropsy unless complicated by secondary bacterial rhinitis, pharyngitis, or bronchopneumonia. Laryngeal edema occurs in pigs with edema disease; in horses with purpura hemorrhagica; in cattle with acute interstitial pneumonia; in cats with systemic anaphylaxis; and in all species as a result of trauma, improper endotracheal tubing, inhalation of irritant gases (e.g., smoke), local inflammation, and animal species is classified as fibrinous, catarrhal, purulent, or granulomatous (Figs. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7271179/ doi: 10.1016/b978-0-323-35775-3.00009-6 id: cord-030631-cc79j9j4 author: Marcus, Benjamin A. title: Typ-1-Diabetes: Früherkennung und Ansätze zur Prävention: Update 2020 date: 2020-08-19 words: 2217.0 sentences: 238.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-030631-cc79j9j4.txt txt: ./txt/cord-030631-cc79j9j4.txt summary: Autoantikörpern markiert das Frühstadium des Typ-1-Diabetes Der Nachweis von 2 oder mehr dieser Autoantikörper beim asymptomatischen Kind ohne gestörten Glukosestoffwechsel ist inzwischen als eines der Frühstadien des Typ-1-Diabetes (Stadium 1) anerkannt. Um zu prüfen, ob Teplizumab die klinische Manifestation verhindern kann, wurden in einer TrialNet-Studie Angehörige von Personen mit Typ-1-Diabetes behandelt, die selbst bereits ein Frühstadium mit multiplen Inselautoantikörpern und eine Dysglykämie oder gestörte Glukosetoleranz (Stadium 2) entwickelt hatten. Somit konnte erstmals die Manifestation der Erkrankung wirksam hinausgezögert werden, was einen Durchbruch für die präventive Therapie des Typ-1-Diabetes darstellt. Bei 19 (43%) der 44 mit Teplizumab behandelten Teilnehmenden und 23 (72 %) von 32 in der Plazebogruppe wurde ein klinischer Typ-1-Diabetes diagnostiziert. Für eine individualisierte Sekundärprävention interessant wird die Tatsache, dass anhand von Biomarkern -HLA-Merkmalen (HLA: humanes Leukozytenantigen) und dem Fehlen von ZnT8A -abgeschätzt werden kann, bei welchen Patienten ein Ansprechen auf die Anti-CD3-Behandlung bessere Erfolgschancen hat [28] . abstract: The incidence of type 1 diabetes is increasing, especially in young children. Early diagnosis is possible in the asymptomatic stage of islet autoimmunity. Screening is offered to high-risk families, but also feasible and useful in the general population, in studies such as Fr1da(plus) in Bavaria (Germany). Complications at clinical manifestation can be prevented by early diagnosis. Participation in experimental interventions to delay stage progression is possible. Numerous approaches to secondary prevention are being pursued. Treatment with the monoclonal antibody teplizumab successfully delayed progression to clinical diabetes in patients in stage 2. Infants at high risk for developing type 1 diabetes can be identified by genetic screening. Primary prevention pursues, among others, the goal of preventing the onset of the autoimmune reaction. The POInT trial aims to improve immune tolerance to insulin by oral exposure in high-risk children and to delay or prevent the onset of autoimmunity. Following up on the focus issue “Early detection and preventive treatment of type 1 diabetes” published in this journal in 2018, this article gives an update on selected developments over the past 2 years. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7437100/ doi: 10.1007/s11428-020-00668-x id: cord-353867-617f90wq author: Ory, Marcia G. title: Implementing a Diabetes Education Program to Reduce Health Disparities in South Texas: Application of the RE-AIM Framework for Planning and Evaluation date: 2020-08-30 words: 6637.0 sentences: 316.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-353867-617f90wq.txt txt: ./txt/cord-353867-617f90wq.txt summary: This community-based initiative reached a large and diverse population, and statistically significant reductions in A1c levels (p < 0.01) were observed among participants with Type 2 diabetes at 3 months. The U.S.-Mexico border is impacted by extremely high disparities in income, education, and healthcare access, and these social determinants of health make this region among the nation''s Figure 1 illustrated the 27 counties formally included in the Healthy South Texas initiative [30] , and the counties in which the Diabetes Education Program was offered were marked with a red dot. Among participants with pre-diabetes or Type 1 diabetes, no statistically significant differences were observed based on baseline A1c level attending a follow-up session at any given time point (Table 2 ). From private and public sources, over USD 15,000,000 was identified in direct support and in-kind dollars for the Healthy South Texas initiative (including delivery of the Diabetes Education Program, as well as other disease prevention and health promotion activities) by governmental and nongovernmental entities. abstract: Health disparities in diabetes management and control are well-documented. The objective of this study is to describe one diabetes education program delivered in the United States in terms of the RE-AIM (Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance) Planning and Evaluation Framework. Questionnaires, clinical data, and administrative records were analyzed from 8664 adults with diabetes living in South Texas, an area characterized by high health disparities. The Diabetes Education Program delivered was a professionally led 12-month program involving 8 h of in-person workshop education followed by quarterly follow-up sessions. Changes in average blood glucose levels over the past 3 months (e.g., A1c levels) were the primary clinical outcome. Descriptive and multiple generalized linear mixed models were performed. This community-based initiative reached a large and diverse population, and statistically significant reductions in A1c levels (p < 0.01) were observed among participants with Type 2 diabetes at 3 months. These reductions in A1c levels were sustained at 6-, 9-, and 12-month follow-up assessments (p < 0.01). However, considerable attrition over time at follow-up sessions indicate the need for more robust strategies to keep participants engaged. For this diabetes education program, the RE-AIM model was a useful framework to present study processes and outcomes. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32872662/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17176312 id: cord-344093-3bniy5b5 author: Peteranderl, Christin title: The Impact of the Interferon/TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand Signaling Axis on Disease Progression in Respiratory Viral Infection and Beyond date: 2017-03-22 words: 12546.0 sentences: 578.0 pages: flesch: 34.0 cache: ./cache/cord-344093-3bniy5b5.txt txt: ./txt/cord-344093-3bniy5b5.txt summary: A prominent regulator of disease outcome, especially in-but not limited to-respiratory viral infection, is the IFN-dependent mediator TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) produced by several cell types including immune cells such as macrophages or T cells. (73) Cell death induction, e.g., Bcl-2-associated X protein, caspase-8, Fas-associated protein with death domain, Fas ligand, and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) dsRNA, polyI:C (4, 110) IAV (4, 5, 10, 115) Sendai virus (110) TRAIL Virus control by apoptosis induction in infected cells IAV (6, 170, 171) Tissue injury by apoptosis of both infected and non-infected alveolar epithelial cells, lung macrophages IAV (5, 7, 10) RSV (137) Necrosis of fibroblasts, dendritic cells, and epithelial cells IAV (146, 147, 168) Increased cellular infiltration CoV (175) Decreased expression of Na,K-ATPase, impaired epithelial fluid reabsorption IAV (11) iNTRODUCTiON In 1957, Isaacs and Lindenmann (1) first recognized the potential of a soluble and probably cell-derived factor to combat influenza virus infection and named this factor interferon [(IFN) from latin interferre, to interfere]. abstract: Interferons (IFNs) are well described to be rapidly induced upon pathogen-associated pattern recognition. After binding to their respective IFN receptors and activation of the cellular JAK/signal transducer and activator of transcription signaling cascade, they stimulate the transcription of a plethora of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs) in infected as well as bystander cells such as the non-infected epithelium and cells of the immune system. ISGs may directly act on the invading pathogen or can either positively or negatively regulate the innate and adaptive immune response. However, IFNs and ISGs do not only play a key role in the limitation of pathogen spread but have also been recently found to provoke an unbalanced, overshooting inflammatory response causing tissue injury and hampering repair processes. A prominent regulator of disease outcome, especially in—but not limited to—respiratory viral infection, is the IFN-dependent mediator TRAIL (TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) produced by several cell types including immune cells such as macrophages or T cells. First described as an apoptosis-inducing agent in transformed cells, it is now also well established to rapidly evoke cellular stress pathways in epithelial cells, finally leading to caspase-dependent or -independent cell death. Hereby, pathogen spread is limited; however in some cases, also the surrounding tissue is severely harmed, thus augmenting disease severity. Interestingly, the lack of a strictly controlled and well balanced IFN/TRAIL signaling response has not only been implicated in viral infection but might furthermore be an important determinant of disease progression in bacterial superinfections and in chronic respiratory illness. Conclusively, the IFN/TRAIL signaling axis is subjected to a complex modulation and might be exploited for the evaluation of new therapeutic concepts aiming at attenuation of tissue injury. url: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2017.00313 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00313 id: cord-031922-3pfxrhbc author: Petrie, John R title: SGLT2 inhibitors and renal complications in type 1 diabetes date: 2020-09-15 words: 1559.0 sentences: 79.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-031922-3pfxrhbc.txt txt: ./txt/cord-031922-3pfxrhbc.txt summary: In this issue of The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, Per-Henrik Groop and colleagues 4 report the effect of the SGLT2 inhibitor dapagliflozin on albuminuria in adults with type 1 diabetes in a post-hoc subgroup analysis of the DEPICT-1 and DEPICT-2 phase 3 trials. The UK National Institute for Healthcare Excellence (NICE) subsequently recommended both drugs (dapagliflozin in August, 2019, and sotagliflozin in February, 2020) to be cost-effective for use within the UK National Health Service for individuals who additionally had a relatively high insulin requirement (≥0·5 units/kg per day) and had completed an evidence-based qualityassured structured education programme. Effect of dapagliflozin as an adjunct to insulin over 52 weeks in individuals with type 1 diabetes: post-hoc renal analysis of the DEPICT randomised controlled trials abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7492012/ doi: 10.1016/s2213-8587(20)30311-9 id: cord-299756-m0va36er author: Raaben, Matthijs title: Type I interferon receptor-independent and -dependent host transcriptional responses to mouse hepatitis coronavirus infection in vivo date: 2009-08-03 words: 4568.0 sentences: 258.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-299756-m0va36er.txt txt: ./txt/cord-299756-m0va36er.txt summary: As the BALB/c and the IFNAR-/129SvEv mice demonstrated very similar viral loads in their brains, we also compared their gene expression profiles upon infection with MHV in order to identify type I IFN-dependent transcriptional responses. CONCLUSION: Transcriptional profiling of mice infected with MHV demonstrated the induction of a robust IFN response, which correlated with the viral load. Furthermore, gene expression profiling of 129SvEv mice lacking the type I IFN receptor, which are not able to control the MHV infection [11] , allowed us to identify type I IFN-independent transcriptional responses. To study the role of type I IFN-independent and -dependent gene expression in the control of MHV infection in vivo in more detail, we next made use of the IFNAR-/-mice [30] . Transcriptional profiling of mice infected with MHV demonstrated the induction of a robust IFN response, which correlated with the viral load. abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of type I IFNs in protecting against coronavirus (CoV) infections is not fully understood. While CoVs are poor inducers of type I IFNs in tissue culture, several studies have demonstrated the importance of the type I IFN response in controlling MHV infection in animals. The protective effectors against MHV infection are, however, still unknown. RESULTS: In order to get more insight into the antiviral gene expression induced in the brains of MHV-infected mice, we performed whole-genome expression profiling. Three different mouse strains, differing in their susceptibility to infection with MHV, were used. In BALB/c mice, which display high viral loads but are able to control the infection, 57 and 121 genes were significantly differentially expressed (≥ 1.5 fold change) upon infection at 2 and 5 days post infection, respectively. Functional association network analyses demonstrated a strong type I IFN response, with Irf1 and Irf7 as the central players. At 5 days post infection, a type II IFN response also becomes apparent. Both the type I and II IFN response, which were more pronounced in mice with a higher viral load, were not observed in 129SvEv mice, which are much less susceptible to infection with MHV. 129SvEv mice lacking the type I interferon receptor (IFNAR-/-), however, were not able to control the infection. Gene expression profiling of these mice identified type I IFN-independent responses to infection, with IFN-γ as the central player. As the BALB/c and the IFNAR-/- 129SvEv mice demonstrated very similar viral loads in their brains, we also compared their gene expression profiles upon infection with MHV in order to identify type I IFN-dependent transcriptional responses. Many known IFN-inducible genes were detected, several of which have previously been shown to play an important protective role against virus infections. We speculate that the additional type I IFN-dependent genes that we discovered may also be important for protection against MHV infection. CONCLUSION: Transcriptional profiling of mice infected with MHV demonstrated the induction of a robust IFN response, which correlated with the viral load. Profiling of IFNAR-/- mice allowed us to identify type I IFN-independent and -dependent responses. Overall, this study broadens our present knowledge of the type I and II IFN-mediated effector responses during CoV infection in vivo. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19650917/ doi: 10.1186/1471-2164-10-350 id: cord-008700-knbf8m4x author: Rodrigues, Merlyn R. title: Methods for Rapid Detection of Human Ocular Viral Infections date: 2013-10-30 words: 3011.0 sentences: 171.0 pages: flesch: 38.0 cache: ./cache/cord-008700-knbf8m4x.txt txt: ./txt/cord-008700-knbf8m4x.txt summary: Simple techniques of immunofluorescence and negative stain electron microscopy are used for the rapid detection of viruses in human adenoviral, herpetic, rubella, molluscum contagiosum, and vaccinial infections. Lens aspirate from a 2-year-old patient with clinical ocular rubella was examined by immunofluorescence and negative stain electron microscopy. 10 In a recent epidemic of EKC at a Vietnamese refugee camp in Florida, adenovirus type 8 was recovered in 81% of cases cultured within two weeks of onset of infection.U Dawson et aP 2 described adenovirus-like particles in the conjunctiva of one patient and in the corneal epithelium of another by transmission electron microscopy of tissue culture preparations. In the present study, the typical virions of herpes simplex keratitis were readily identified both by immunofluorescence and by negative stain transmission electron microscopy. Herpes simplex hominis type 1 was recovered in culture and demonstrated by direct immunofluorescence and negative stain electron microscopy in three patients with herpetic dendritic keratitis. abstract: Recent methods for detection of viruses in clinical specimens include immunofluorescence, immunoperoxidase, immune adherence hemagglutination, radioimmunoassay, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and immunoelectron microscopy. Some are useful for the detection of traces of viral antigens but are more complicated and timeconsuming than others. Simple techniques of immunofluorescence and negative stain electron microscopy are used for the rapid detection of viruses in human adenoviral, herpetic, rubella, molluscum contagiosum, and vaccinial infections. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7133697/ doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(79)35507-5 id: cord-312955-gs65c3fy author: Schreiber, Gideon title: The Role of Type I Interferons in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of COVID-19 date: 2020-09-30 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Type I interferons (IFN-I) were first discovered over 60 years ago in a classical experiment by Isaacs and Lindenman, who showed that IFN-Is possess antiviral activity. Later, it became one of the first approved protein drugs using heterologous protein expression systems, which allowed its large-scale production. It has been approved, and widely used in a pleiotropy of diseases, including multiple-sclerosis, hepatitis B and C, and some forms of cancer. Preliminary clinical data has supported its effectiveness against potential pandemic pathogens such as Ebola and SARS. Still, more efficient and specific drugs have taken its place in treating such diseases. The COVID-19 global pandemic has again lifted the status of IFN-Is to become one of the more promising drug candidates, with initial clinical trials showing promising results in reducing the severity and duration of the disease. Although SARS-CoV-2 inhibits the production of IFNβ and thus obstructs the innate immune response to this virus, it is sensitive to the antiviral activity of externally administrated IFN-Is. In this review I discuss the diverse modes of biological actions of IFN-Is and how these are related to biophysical parameters of IFN-I–receptor interaction and cell-type specificity in light of the large variety of binding affinities of the different IFN-I subtypes towards the common interferon receptor. Furthermore, I discuss how these may guide the optimized use IFN-Is in combatting COVID-19. url: https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2020.595739 doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.595739 id: cord-316943-ef3i96bo author: Sciberras, Justine title: The burden of type 2 diabetes pre-and during the COVID-19 pandemic – a review date: 2020-10-19 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: INTRODUCTION: Diabetes Mellitus is a chronic disease and a global epidemic. It is a known fact that co-morbidities, including Diabetes Mellitus, pose a higher risk of infection by COVID-19. Additionally, the outcomes following infection are far worse than in people without such co-morbities. Factors contributing to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have long been established, yet this disease still bestows a substantial global burden. The aim was to provide a comprehensive review of the burden of diabetes pre-COVID-19 and the additional impact sustained by the diabetes population and healthcare systems during the COVID-19 pandemic, while providing recommendations of how this burden can be subsided. METHODOLOGY: Literature searches were carried out on ‘Google Scholar’ and ‘PubMed’ to identify relevant articles for the scope of this review. Information was also collected from reliable sources such as the World Health Organisation and the International Diabetes Federation. RESULTS: T2DM presented with economic, social and health burdens prior to COVID-19 with an significant ‘Disability Adjusted Life Years’ impact. Whilst people with diabetes are more susceptible to COVID-19, enforcing lockdown regulations set by the Public Health department to reduce risk of infection brought about its own challenges to T2DM management. Through recommendations and adapting to new methods of management such as telehealth, these challenges and potential consequences of mismanagement are kept to a minimum whilst safeguarding the healthcare system. CONCLUSION: By understanding the challenges and burdens faced by this population both evident pre-covid and during, targeted healthcare can be provided during the COVID-19 pandemic. Furthermore, implementation of targeted action plans and recommendations ensures the care provided is done in a safe and effective environment. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1007/s40200-020-00656-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33102262/ doi: 10.1007/s40200-020-00656-4 id: cord-284608-ba7wq52t author: Sias, Catia title: Alpha, Beta, gamma human PapillomaViruses (HPV) detection with a different sets of primers in oropharyngeal swabs, anal and cervical samples date: 2019-03-04 words: 5645.0 sentences: 281.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-284608-ba7wq52t.txt txt: ./txt/cord-284608-ba7wq52t.txt summary: title: Alpha, Beta, gamma human PapillomaViruses (HPV) detection with a different sets of primers in oropharyngeal swabs, anal and cervical samples BACKGROUND: Recent studies have shown a 13-fold increase of oropharyngeal cancer in the presence of HPV, while α-HPV detection seems to be rare in oral cavity in comparison to anal or cervical district, many novel β and γ types have been isolated in this anatomical site suggesting a wide tropism range. METHODS: We analysed the presence of HPV DNA in oropharyngeal (n = 124), anal (n = 186), cervical specimens (n = 43) from HIV positive and negative patients using FAP59/64 and MY09/11 primers. In this study, we analyzed the presence of HPV DNA in oral, anal, and cervical specimens collected from HIV positive and HIV negative individuals, living in the same geographic area (regione Lazio) by using MY09/11 [20, 21] FAP59/64 primers [22] . abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent studies have shown a 13-fold increase of oropharyngeal cancer in the presence of HPV, while α-HPV detection seems to be rare in oral cavity in comparison to anal or cervical district, many novel β and γ types have been isolated in this anatomical site suggesting a wide tropism range. Currently, there are no guidelines recommending HPV oral cavity screening as a mandatory test, and it remains unknown which HPV types should be included in HPV screening programs. Our goal was to assess HPV prevalence in oropharyngeal, anal, and cervical swabs using different sets of primers,which are able to amplify α, β, γ HPV types. METHODS: We analysed the presence of HPV DNA in oropharyngeal (n = 124), anal (n = 186), cervical specimens (n = 43) from HIV positive and negative patients using FAP59/64 and MY09/11 primers. All untyped strains were genetically characterized through PCR amplification and direct sequencing of partial L1 region, and the resulting sequences were classified through phylogenetic analysis. RESULTS: HPV prevalence was 20.9% in 124 oropharyngeal swab samples, including infections with multiple HPV types (5.6%). HPV prevalence in this anatomical site was significantly associated with serostatus: 63.3%in HIV positive and 36.3% in HIV negative patients (p < 0.05). Unclassified types were detected in 6 specimens. In our analysis, we did not observe any difference in HPV (α, β, γ) prevalence between men and women. Overall, β species were the most frequently detected 69.7%. When using anal swabs, for HIV positive patients, β genus prevalence was 1% and γ genus was 3.7% including 6 unclassified types. In cervical samples from 43 HIV positive women (18 HPV negative and 25 positive by MY09/11 PCR), only one sample was positivite for β(1) species (2.4%) using FAP primers. Six of the untyped strains clustered with sequences from species 7, 9, 10, 8,12 of γ genus. Four sequences remained unclassified. Finally, β and γ HPV prevalence was significantly lower than their respective HPV prevalence as identified by the Luminex system in all anatomical sites that were analyzed in previous studies. CONCLUSION: This study provides new information about viral isolates present in oropharyngeal site and it will contribute to improve the monitoring of HPV infection. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s12985-019-1132-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30832688/ doi: 10.1186/s12985-019-1132-x id: cord-015503-j99cgsjt author: Tang, Xiaolu title: On the origin and continuing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 date: 2020-03-03 words: 5243.0 sentences: 292.0 pages: flesch: 59.0 cache: ./cache/cord-015503-j99cgsjt.txt txt: ./txt/cord-015503-j99cgsjt.txt summary: Although we found only 4% variability in genomic nucleotides between SARS-CoV-2 and a bat SARS-related coronavirus (SARSr-CoV; RaTG13), the difference at neutral sites was 17%, suggesting the divergence between the two viruses is much larger than previously estimated. Our results suggest that the development of new variations in functional sites in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike seen in SARS-CoV-2 and viruses from pangolin SARSr-CoVs are likely caused by mutations and natural selection besides recombination. Population genetic analyses of 103 SARS-CoV-2 genomes indicated that these viruses evolved into two major types (designated L and S), that are well defined by two different SNPs that show nearly complete linkage across the viral strains sequenced to date. Further, the genomic sequences of SARS-CoV-2 viruses isolated from a number of patients share sequence identity higher than 99.9%, suggesting a very recent host shift into humans [1] [2] [3] . abstract: The SARS-CoV-2 epidemic started in late December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and has since impacted a large portion of China and raised major global concern. Herein, we investigated the extent of molecular divergence between SARS-CoV-2 and other related coronaviruses. Although we found only 4% variability in genomic nucleotides between SARS-CoV-2 and a bat SARS-related coronavirus (SARSr-CoV; RaTG13), the difference at neutral sites was 17%, suggesting the divergence between the two viruses is much larger than previously estimated. Our results suggest that the development of new variations in functional sites in the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike seen in SARS-CoV-2 and viruses from pangolin SARSr-CoVs are likely caused by mutations and natural selection besides recombination. Population genetic analyses of 103 SARS-CoV-2 genomes indicated that these viruses evolved into two major types (designated L and S), that are well defined by two different SNPs that show nearly complete linkage across the viral strains sequenced to date. Although the L type (∼70%) is more prevalent than the S type (∼30%), the S type was found to be the ancestral version. Whereas the L type was more prevalent in the early stages of the outbreak in Wuhan, the frequency of the L type decreased after early January 2020. Human intervention may have placed more severe selective pressure on the L type, which might be more aggressive and spread more quickly. On the other hand, the S type, which is evolutionarily older and less aggressive, might have increased in relative frequency due to relatively weaker selective pressure. These findings strongly support an urgent need for further immediate, comprehensive studies that combine genomic data, epidemiological data, and chart records of the clinical symptoms of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7107875/ doi: 10.1093/nsr/nwaa036 id: cord-269734-u43gt8fh author: Teijaro, J.R. title: Pleiotropic Roles of Type 1 Interferons in Antiviral Immune Responses date: 2016-09-20 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Since Isaac's and Lindenmann's seminal experiments over 50 years ago demonstrating a soluble factor generated from heat killed virus-stimulated chicken embryos could inhibit live influenza virus replication, the term interferon has been synonymous with inhibition of virus replication. While the antiviral properties of type 1 interferon (IFN-I) are undeniable, recent studies have reported expanding and somewhat unexpected roles of IFN-I signaling during both acute and persistent viral infections. IFN-I signaling can promote morbidity and mortality through induction of aberrant inflammatory responses and recruitment of inflammatory innate immune cell populations during acute respiratory viral infections. During persistent viral infection, IFN-I signaling promotes containment of early viral replication/dissemination, however, also initiates and maintains immune suppression, lymphoid tissue disorganization, and CD4 T cell dysfunction through modulation of multiple immune cell populations. Finally, new data are emerging illuminating how specific IFN-I species regulate immune pathology and suppression during acute and persistent viral infections, respectively. Systematic characterization of the cellular populations that produce IFN-I, how the timing of IFN-I induction and intricacies of subtype specific IFN-I signaling promote pathology or immune suppression during acute and persistent viral infections should inform the development of treatments and modalities to control viral associated pathologies. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0065277616300372 doi: 10.1016/bs.ai.2016.08.001 id: cord-265005-e6rpryrh author: Tomasello, Elena title: Harnessing Mechanistic Knowledge on Beneficial Versus Deleterious IFN-I Effects to Design Innovative Immunotherapies Targeting Cytokine Activity to Specific Cell Types date: 2014-10-30 words: 18082.0 sentences: 948.0 pages: flesch: 40.0 cache: ./cache/cord-265005-e6rpryrh.txt txt: ./txt/cord-265005-e6rpryrh.txt summary: We will discuss the expression patterns and functions of endosomal TLRs with regards to IFN production in uninfected specialized immune cell types, pDCs and XCR1 + DCs. Plasmacytoid DCs uniquely produce very large amounts of IFNs in response to in vitro stimulation with many viruses, without being infected (46) . Under these conditions, to promote health over disease, the benefits for the host of producing high circulating levels of IFNs in order to induce widespread cell-intrinsic anti-viral defenses might prevail over the deleterious effects that this could cause on certain cell types or tissues. Subcapsular sinus macrophages rapidly become infected by viruses incoming from the lymph and produce large amounts of IFNs. This altruistic suicide prevents virus dissemination to other adjacent cell types and promotes the induction of innate and adaptive anti-viral immunity (87) . abstract: Type I interferons (IFN-I) were identified over 50 years ago as cytokines critical for host defense against viral infections. IFN-I promote anti-viral defense through two main mechanisms. First, IFN-I directly reinforce or induce de novo in potentially all cells the expression of effector molecules of intrinsic anti-viral immunity. Second, IFN-I orchestrate innate and adaptive anti-viral immunity. However, IFN-I responses can be deleterious for the host in a number of circumstances, including secondary bacterial or fungal infections, several autoimmune diseases, and, paradoxically, certain chronic viral infections. We will review the proposed nature of protective versus deleterious IFN-I responses in selected diseases. Emphasis will be put on the potentially deleterious functions of IFN-I in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, and on the respective roles of IFN-I and IFN-III in promoting resolution of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. We will then discuss how the balance between beneficial versus deleterious IFN-I responses is modulated by several key parameters including (i) the subtypes and dose of IFN-I produced, (ii) the cell types affected by IFN-I, and (iii) the source and timing of IFN-I production. Finally, we will speculate how integration of this knowledge combined with advanced biochemical manipulation of the activity of the cytokines should allow designing innovative immunotherapeutic treatments in patients. Specifically, we will discuss how induction or blockade of specific IFN-I responses in targeted cell types could promote the beneficial functions of IFN-I and/or dampen their deleterious effects, in a manner adapted to each disease. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25400632/ doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00526 id: cord-103108-vmze2mdx author: Vanheer, Lotte title: Revealing the Key Regulators of Cell Identity in the Human Adult Pancreas date: 2020-09-25 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Cellular identity during development is under the control of transcription factors that form gene regulatory networks. However, the transcription factors and gene regulatory networks underlying cellular identity in the human adult pancreas remain largely unexplored. Here, we integrate multiple single-cell RNA sequencing datasets of the human adult pancreas, totaling 7393 cells, and comprehensively reconstruct gene regulatory networks. We show that a network of 142 transcription factors forms distinct regulatory modules that characterize pancreatic cell types. We present evidence that our approach identifies key regulators of cell identity in the human adult pancreas. We predict that HEYL and JUND are active in acinar and alpha cells, respectively, and show that these proteins are present in the human adult pancreas as well as in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived pancreatic cells. The comprehensive gene regulatory network atlas can be explored interactively online. We anticipate our analysis to be the starting point for a more sophisticated dissection of how transcription factors regulate cell identity in the human adult pancreas. Furthermore, given that transcription factors are major regulators of embryo development and are often perturbed in diseases, a comprehensive understanding of how transcription factors work will be relevant in development and disease biology. HIGHLIGHTS - Reconstruction of gene regulatory networks for human adult pancreatic cell types - An interactive resource to explore and visualize gene expression and regulatory states - Predicting putative transcription factors driving pancreatic cell identity - HEYL and JUND as candidate regulators of acinar and alpha cell identity, respectively url: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.23.310094 doi: 10.1101/2020.09.23.310094 id: cord-307128-wwjeu8ie author: Walz, Lucas title: Janus Kinase-Inhibitor and Type I Interferon Ability to Produce Favorable Clinical Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis date: 2020-08-11 words: 4394.0 sentences: 289.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-307128-wwjeu8ie.txt txt: ./txt/cord-307128-wwjeu8ie.txt summary: title: Janus Kinase-Inhibitor and Type I Interferon Ability to Produce Favorable Clinical Outcomes in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Janus-kinase (JAK) inhibitors and Type I interferons have emerged as potential antiviral candidates for COVID-19 patients for their proven efficacy against diseases with excessive cytokine release and by their ability to promote viral clearance in past coronaviruses, respectively. METHODS: MEDLINE and MedRxiv were searched until July 30(th), 2020, including studies that compared treatment outcomes of humans treated with JAK-inhibitor or Type I interferon against controls. Meta-analysis of 3 sets of studies with 990, 454, and 1480 patients receiving Type I interferon therapy revealed that there were no significant associations between receiving Type I interferon therapy, compared to standard of care, and ICU admittance, requiring mechanical ventilation, or developing a severe or critical case of COVID-19, respectively (p>0.05; Figure 3B ; Figure 3C ; Figure 3D ).[28-36] The analyses included 97, 167, and 537 control patients, respectively. abstract: BACKGROUND: Novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) has infected over 17 million. Novel therapies are urgently needed. Janus-kinase (JAK) inhibitors and Type I interferons have emerged as potential antiviral candidates for COVID-19 patients for their proven efficacy against diseases with excessive cytokine release and by their ability to promote viral clearance in past coronaviruses, respectively. We conducted a systemic review and meta-analysis to evaluate role of these therapies in COVID-19 patients. METHODS: MEDLINE and MedRxiv were searched until July 30(th), 2020, including studies that compared treatment outcomes of humans treated with JAK-inhibitor or Type I interferon against controls. Inclusion necessitated data with clear risk estimates or those that permitted back-calculation. RESULTS: We searched 733 studies, ultimately including four randomized and eleven non-randomized clinical trials. JAK-inhibitor recipients had significantly reduced odds of mortality (OR, 0.12; 95%CI, 0.03–0.39, p=0.0005) and ICU admission (OR, 0.05; 95%CI, 0.01–0.26, p=0.0005), and had significantly increased odds of hospital discharge (OR, 22.76; 95%CI, 10.68–48.54, p<0.00001), when compared to standard treatment group. Type I interferon recipients had significantly reduced odds of mortality (OR, 0.19; 95%CI, 0.04–0.85, p=0.03), and increased odds of discharge bordering significance (OR, 1.89; 95%CI, 1.00–3.59, p=0.05). CONCLUSIONS: JAK-inhibitor treatment is significantly associated with positive clinical outcomes regarding mortality, ICU admission, and discharge. Type I interferon treatment is associated with positive clinical outcomes regarding mortality and discharge. While these data show promise, additional randomized clinical trials are needed to further elucidate the efficacy of JAK-inhibitors and Type I interferons and clinical outcomes in COVID-19. url: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.10.20172189 doi: 10.1101/2020.08.10.20172189 id: cord-259748-x7dq1sy4 author: Wan, Dongshan title: Research Advances in How the cGAS-STING Pathway Controls the Cellular Inflammatory Response date: 2020-04-28 words: 14147.0 sentences: 850.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-259748-x7dq1sy4.txt txt: ./txt/cord-259748-x7dq1sy4.txt summary: Double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) sensor cyclic-GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) along with the downstream stimulator of interferon genes (STING) acting as essential immune-surveillance mediators have become hot topics of research. The intrinsic function of the cGAS-STING pathway facilitates type-I interferon (IFN) inflammatory signaling responses and other cellular processes such as autophagy, cell survival, senescence. In 2008, several research teams discovered a new protein on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) which can be activated by immune-stimulatory DNA (ISD) and initiate type-I interferon (IFN) responses, which was named "stimulator of interferon genes" (STING, also known as MITA, ERIS) (2) (3) (4) . Mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) activation, which is executed by BCL-2-associated X protein (BAX) and BCL-2 antagonist or killer (BAK), is a highly controlled conserved process in regulated cell FIGURE 3 | Interaction of the cGAS-STING pathway with other DNA-sensing pathways and its role in cell survival. Human plasmacytoid dentritic cells elicit a Type I interferon response by sensing DNA via the cGAS-STING signaling pathway abstract: Double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) sensor cyclic-GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) along with the downstream stimulator of interferon genes (STING) acting as essential immune-surveillance mediators have become hot topics of research. The intrinsic function of the cGAS-STING pathway facilitates type-I interferon (IFN) inflammatory signaling responses and other cellular processes such as autophagy, cell survival, senescence. cGAS-STING pathway interplays with other innate immune pathways, by which it participates in regulating infection, inflammatory disease, and cancer. The therapeutic approaches targeting this pathway show promise for future translation into clinical applications. Here, we present a review of the important previous works and recent advances regarding the cGAS-STING pathway, and provide a comprehensive understanding of the modulatory pattern of the cGAS-STING pathway under multifarious pathologic states. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32411126/ doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00615 id: cord-259935-xyo2pe4g author: Wang, Ching-Ying title: SARS coronavirus papain-like protease up-regulates the collagen expression through non-Samd TGF-β1 signaling date: 2017-05-02 words: 4628.0 sentences: 259.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-259935-xyo2pe4g.txt txt: ./txt/cord-259935-xyo2pe4g.txt summary: To examine the association of SARS-CoV PLpro-induced TGF-β1 production with the collagen up-regulation, A549 lung epithelial cells transiently transfected with pcDNA3.1 and pSARS-PLpro were analyzed the production of TGF-β1 and type I collagen using Western blot, realtime RT-PCR and Sirius red staining assays (Fig. 1) . To examine whether SMAD-dependent pathways involve in TGF-β1mediated up-regulation of Type I collagen in response SARS-CoV PLpro, subcellular localization of receptor-regulated SMAD3 and inhibitory SMAD7 in transfected cells were detected using the immunofluorescent and DAPI staining (Fig. 4) . To examine the possible pathways involved in TGF-β1-dependent up-regulation of Type I collagen by SARS-CoV PLpro, the profiles of ubiquitin-conjugated proteins in transfected cells with vector control and pSARS-PLpro were determined using immune-precipitation and nanoLC-MS/MS. Subcellular localization analysis demonstrated that SMAD3 was predominant in cytoplasmic, but not in the nucleus in transfected cells with pSARS-PLpro compared to vector control (Fig. 4) , revealing that canonical Smad-dependent signaling pathway was not involved in PLpro-induced TGF-β1-dependent upregulation of Type I collagen. abstract: SARS coronavirus (CoV) papain-like protease (PLpro) reportedly induced the production of TGF-β1 through p38 MAPK/STAT3-meidated Egr-1-dependent activation (Sci. Rep. 6, 25754). This study investigated the correlation of PLpro-induced TGF-β1 with the expression of Type I collagen in human lung epithelial cells and mouse pulmonary tissues. Specific inhibitors for TGF-βRI, p38 MAPK, MEK, and STAT3 proved that SARS-CoV PLpro induced TGF-β1-dependent up-regulation of Type I collagen in vitro and in vivo. Subcellular localization analysis of SMAD3 and SMAD7 indicated that non-SMAD pathways in TGF-β1 signaling involved in the production of Type I collagen in transfected cells with pSARS-PLpro. Comprehensive analysis of ubiquitin-conjugated proteins using immunoprecipitation and nanoLC–MS/MS indicated that SARS-CoV PLpro caused the change in the ubiquitination profile of Rho GTPase family proteins, in which linked with the increase of Rho-like GTPase family proteins. Moreover, selective inhibitors TGF-βRI and STAT6 (AS1517499) ascertained that STAT6 activation was required for PLpro-induced TGF-β1-dependent up-regulation of Type I collagen in human lung epithelial cells. The results showed that SARS-CoV PLpro stimulated TGF-β1-dependent expression of Type I collagen via activating STAT6 pathway. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28414040/ doi: 10.1016/j.virusres.2017.04.008 id: cord-254404-lrsqrc2u author: Yañez-Guerra, Luis Alfonso title: Echinoderms provide missing link in the evolution of PrRP/sNPF-type neuropeptide signalling date: 2020-06-24 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Neuropeptide signalling systems comprising peptide ligands and cognate receptors are evolutionarily ancient regulators of physiology and behaviour. However, there are challenges associated with determination of orthology between neuropeptides in different taxa. Orthologs of vertebrate neuropeptide-Y (NPY) known as neuropeptide-F (NPF) have been identified in protostome invertebrates, whilst prolactin-releasing peptide (PrRP) and short neuropeptide-F (sNPF) have been identified as paralogs of NPY/NPF in vertebrates and protostomes, respectively. Here we investigated the occurrence of NPY/NPF/PrRP/sNPF-related signalling systems in a deuterostome invertebrate phylum – the Echinodermata. Analysis of transcriptome/genome sequence data revealed loss of NPY/NPF-type signalling, but orthologs of PrRP-type neuropeptides and sNPF/PrRP-type receptors were identified in echinoderms. Furthermore, experimental studies revealed that the PrRP-type neuropeptide pQDRSKAMQAERTGQLRRLNPRF-NH(2) is a potent ligand for a sNPF/PrRP-type receptor in the starfish Asterias rubens. Our findings indicate that PrRP-type and sNPF-type signalling systems are orthologous and originated as a paralog of NPY/NPF-type signalling in Urbilateria. url: https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.57640 doi: 10.7554/elife.57640 id: cord-307110-eiobmxp2 author: Zhao, Shan title: Serological Screening for Coronavirus Infections in Cats date: 2019-08-13 words: 6732.0 sentences: 382.0 pages: flesch: 57.0 cache: ./cache/cord-307110-eiobmxp2.txt txt: ./txt/cord-307110-eiobmxp2.txt summary: In total 137 cat serum samples and 25 FCoV type 1 or type 2-specific antisera were screened for the presence of antibodies against the S1 receptor binding subunit of the CoV spike protein, which is immunogenic and possesses low amino acid sequence identity among coronavirus species. Synthetic sequences of 12 coronavirus spike S1 subunits (HCoV-HKU1 (GB: YP_173238.1), MERS-CoV (GB:YP_009047204.1), SARS-CoV (GB: AAX16192.1), HCoV-OC43 (GB: AAR01015.1), HCoV-229E (GB: NP_073551.1), HCoV-NL63 (GB: YP_003767.1), TGEV (GB: ABG89325.1), PEDV (GB: AOG30832.1), BCoV (GB: P15777.1), PDCoV (GB: AML40825.1), FCoV type 1 (GB: FJ938060.1), FCoV type 2 (GB: AY994055.1)) and different domains of PEDV S1 subunit (S1 0 and S1 A-D , as identified and described in [40] ) were cloned into pCAGGS expression plasmids as described previously [41] . abstract: Coronaviruses (CoVs) are widespread among mammals and birds and known for their potential for cross-species transmission. In cats, infections with feline coronaviruses (FCoVs) are common. Several non-feline coronaviruses have been reported to infect feline cells as well as cats after experimental infection, supported by their ability to engage the feline receptor ortholog for cell entry. However, whether cats might become naturally infected with CoVs of other species is unknown. We analyzed coronavirus infections in cats by serological monitoring. In total 137 cat serum samples and 25 FCoV type 1 or type 2-specific antisera were screened for the presence of antibodies against the S1 receptor binding subunit of the CoV spike protein, which is immunogenic and possesses low amino acid sequence identity among coronavirus species. Seventy-eight sera were positive for antibodies that recognized one or more coronavirus S1s whereas 1 serum exclusively reacted with human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E) and two sera exclusively reacted with porcine delta coronavirus (PDCoV). We observed antigenic cross-reactivity between S1s of type 1 and type 2 FCoVs, and between FCoV type 1 and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). Domain mapping of antibody epitopes indicated the presence of conserved epitope(s) particularly in the CD domains of S1. The cross-reactivity of FCoV type 1 and PEDV was also observed at the level of virus neutralization. To conclude, we provide the first evidence of antigenic cross-reactivity among S1 proteins of coronaviruses, which should be considered in the development of serological diagnoses. In addition, the potential role of cats in cross-species transmission of coronaviruses cannot be excluded. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31412572/ doi: 10.3390/v11080743 id: cord-292344-3bj567gr author: Zimmet, P. title: The burden of type 2 diabetes: are we doing enough? date: 2003-09-30 words: 5316.0 sentences: 263.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-292344-3bj567gr.txt txt: ./txt/cord-292344-3bj567gr.txt summary: Over subsequent decades, numerous reports have highlighted the high prevalence of type 2 diabetes in a number of other populations including native Americans, Afro-Americans, and Mexican Americans in the USA [4] [5] [6] [7] , native Canadians [8] , Australian Aborigines and Torres Strait islanders [9] , and Polynesians in New Zealand [10, 11] . This explosive increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes, and the consequences of its complications and associated disorders, represents the greatest health care challenge facing the world today [14] . The population of this nation are Asian Indian, Creole (Black) and Chinese, and these three ethnic groups account for over 66% Increasing prevalence of type 2 diabetes by region [12] . The CODE-2 data are consistent with previous estimates of the prevalence of coronary heart disease and other complications in type 2 diabetic patients in various countries (Fig 2) . abstract: Summary Increasing levels of obesity, arising from energy-rich diets and sedentary lifestyles, are driving a global pandemic of type 2 diabetes. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes worldwide is set to increase from its present level of 150 million, to 225 million by the end of the decade and to as many as 300 million by 2025. Shocking as they are, these figures represent only clinically diagnosed diabetes, and many more cases of diabetes remain undiagnosed and untreated. In addition, up to one-quarter of western populations have impaired glucose tolerance or the dysmetabolic syndrome, which are considered to represent pre-diabetic states. Type 2 diabetes is appearing increasingly in children and adolescents, and the frequency of diagnosis of paediatric type 2 diabetes is outstripping that of type 1 diabetes in some areas. The long-term complications associated with type 2 diabetes carries a crushing burden of morbidity and mortality, and most type 2 diabetic patients die prematurely from a cardiovascular event. Diabetic patients are more than twice as costly to manage as non-diabetic patients, due mainly to the high costs associated with management of diabetic complications. Indeed, diabetes care already accounts for about 2-7% of the total national health care budgets of western European countries. Controlling the type 2 diabetes epidemic will require changes to the structure of healthcare delivery. Well-resourced interventions will be required, with effective co-ordination between all levels of government, health care agencies, multidisciplinary health care teams, professional organisations, and patient advocacy groups. Above all, intervention is needed today. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1262363603727839 doi: 10.1016/s1262-3636(03)72783-9 id: cord-004879-pgyzluwp author: nan title: Programmed cell death date: 1994 words: 81677.0 sentences: 4465.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-004879-pgyzluwp.txt txt: ./txt/cord-004879-pgyzluwp.txt summary: Furthermore kinetic experiments after complementation of HIV=RT p66 with KIV-RT pSl indicated that HIV-RT pSl can restore rate and extent of strand displacement activity by HIV-RT p66 compared to the HIV-RT heterodimer D66/D51, suggesting a function of the 51 kDa polypeptide, The mouse mammary tumor virus proviral DNA contains an open reading frame in the 3'' long terminal repeat which can code for a 36 kDa polypeptide with a putative transmembrane sequence and five N-linked glycosylation sites. To this end we used constructs encoding the c-fos (and c-jun) genes fused to the hormone-binding domain of the human estrogen receptor, designated c-FosER (and c-JunER), We could show that short-term activation (30 mins.) of c-FosER by estradiole (E2) led to the disruption of epithelial cell polarity within 24 hours, as characterized by the expression of apical and basolateral marker proteins. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7087532/ doi: 10.1007/bf02033112 id: cord-010119-t1x9gknd author: nan title: Abstract Presentations from the AABB Annual Meeting San Diego, CA ctober 7‐10, 2017 date: 2017-09-04 words: 230193.0 sentences: 13234.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-010119-t1x9gknd.txt txt: ./txt/cord-010119-t1x9gknd.txt summary: Conclusion: The wide distribution in the concentration of bioactive lipids among 405 stored RBC units suggests that lipid degradation is highly donor-Background/Case Studies: To ensure availability of biological products to hospitals, blood banks have developed and validated multiple storage conditions for each of their products to maximize shelf life and quality. 1 The Department of Blood Transfusion, The PLA General Hospital, 2 The Department of Blood Transfusion, Air Force General Hospital, PLA Background/Case Studies: Recently, multi researches have reported that longer term-stored red blood cells(RBCs) units were associated with increased risks of clinically adverse events, especially in critically ill patients. Weak D types 1, 2 and 3 express all the major RhD epitopes and these patients can be managed as RhD-positive, which may lead to a reduction in unnecessary Rh immunoglobulin (RhIG) administration and conservation of RhD-negative RBCs. Study Design/Method: RHD genotyping was performed on all patient samples with weaker than expected or discrepant RhD typing results, utilizing a commercially available genotyping kit manufactured by Immucor (RHD BeadChip). abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169716/ doi: 10.1111/trf.14286 id: cord-017248-a37t31u1 author: nan title: Alphabetic Listing of Diseases and Conditions date: 2010-05-17 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Part II begins with a list of special histologic stains, their for use and their corresponding references. At the end of this list is a procedure for removal of formalin precipitate from tissue sections. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7121759/ doi: 10.1007/978-1-59745-127-7_17 id: cord-326785-le2t1l8g author: nan title: Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. 163rd meeting, 3–5 July 1991 date: 2005-06-15 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1681042/ doi: 10.1002/path.1711640412 id: cord-350571-6tapkjb6 author: nan title: 45th ESCP-NSF international symposium on clinical pharmacy: clinical pharmacy tackling inequalities and access to health care. Oslo, Norway, 5–7 October 2016 date: 2017-01-10 words: 106013.0 sentences: 6203.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-350571-6tapkjb6.txt txt: ./txt/cord-350571-6tapkjb6.txt summary: Possible solutions might be to use shared communication tools like Internet based communication programs and to introduce the patient as a participant at the IMRs. Please specify your abstract type: Research abstract Background and objective: International good pharmacy practice guidelines describe how pharmacists should counsel the patients about their medicines, offer additional services where needed, and intervene at drug related problems. Please specify your abstract type: Descriptive abstract (for projects) Background and objective: In order to improve the medication reconciliation and to implement training programs for the medical team in an associated to general hospital nursing (ASNH) home we measured the discrepancies between pharmacy registered treatments (PRT) and medical prescriptions (MP), and we analysed potentially inappropriate prescriptions according to ''''American Geriatrics Society 2015 Beers Criteria'''' and ''''STOPP-START 2014 criteria. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28074393/ doi: 10.1007/s11096-016-0404-4 ==== make-pages.sh questions [ERIC WAS HERE] ==== make-pages.sh search /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/make-pages.sh: line 77: /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/tmp/search.htm: No such file or directory Traceback (most recent call last): File "/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/tsv2htm-search.py", line 51, in with open( TEMPLATE, 'r' ) as handle : htm = handle.read() FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/tmp/search.htm' ==== make-pages.sh topic modeling corpus Zipping study carrel