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Paediatrics, Ethics, outcome research and critical care organization, sedation, pharmacology and miscellanea date: 2009-02-10 journal: Intensive Care Med DOI: 10.1007/s00134-009-1433-4 sha: doc_id: 5750 cord_uid: 54hul2lw file: cache/cord-003364-hp8psl4s.json key: cord-003364-hp8psl4s authors: Chen, Xiantao; Zhang, Leilei; Liang, Dawei; Li, Jing; Liu, Fenzhi; Ma, Hongxia title: Lipid Transporter Activity-Related Genetic Polymorphisms Are Associated With Steroid-Induced Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head: An Updated Meta-Analysis Based on the GRADE Guidelines date: 2018-12-03 journal: Front Physiol DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01684 sha: doc_id: 3364 cord_uid: hp8psl4s file: cache/cord-005600-gsbbjb5y.json key: cord-005600-gsbbjb5y authors: De Jonghe, B.; Cook, D.; Sharshar, T.; Lefaucheur, J.-P.; Carlet, J.; Outin, H. title: Acquired neuromuscular disorders in critically ill patients: a systematic review date: 1998 journal: Intensive Care Med DOI: 10.1007/s001340050757 sha: doc_id: 5600 cord_uid: gsbbjb5y file: cache/cord-004167-r2s0gks8.json key: cord-004167-r2s0gks8 authors: Cutts, Julia C.; Agius, Paul A.; Zaw Lin; Powell, Rosanna; Moore, Kerryn; Draper, Bridget; Simpson, Julie A.; Fowkes, Freya J. I. title: Pregnancy-specific malarial immunity and risk of malaria in pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes: a systematic review date: 2020-01-16 journal: BMC Med DOI: 10.1186/s12916-019-1467-6 sha: doc_id: 4167 cord_uid: r2s0gks8 file: cache/cord-000955-giw4z3ei.json key: cord-000955-giw4z3ei authors: Jackson, Stewart; Mathews, Kyle H.; Pulanić, Dražen; Falconer, Rachel; Rudan, Igor; Campbell, Harry; Nair, Harish title: Risk factors for severe acute lower respiratory infections in children – a systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2013-04-17 journal: Croat Med J DOI: 10.3325/cmj.2013.54.110 sha: doc_id: 955 cord_uid: giw4z3ei file: cache/cord-013138-4e9vo0xr.json key: cord-013138-4e9vo0xr authors: Lang-Illievich, Kordula; Winter, Raimund; Rumpold-Seitlinger, Gudrun; Schicho, Kurt; Dorn, Christian; Klivinyi, Christoph; Bornemann-Cimenti, Helmar title: The Effect of Low-Level Light Therapy on Capsaicin-Induced Peripheral and Central Sensitization in Healthy Volunteers: A Double-Blinded, Randomized, Sham-Controlled Trial date: 2020-10-10 journal: Pain Ther DOI: 10.1007/s40122-020-00205-0 sha: doc_id: 13138 cord_uid: 4e9vo0xr file: cache/cord-010812-zs51z5la.json key: cord-010812-zs51z5la authors: Vaisbourd, Yulia; Sharif, Dawod; Riskin, Arieh; Yaniv, Liat; Dinur, Gil; Amen, Khalil; Bader, David; Kugelman, Amir title: The effect of patent ductus arteriosus on coronary artery blood flow in premature infants: a prospective observational pilot study date: 2020-02-20 journal: J Perinatol DOI: 10.1038/s41372-020-0622-4 sha: doc_id: 10812 cord_uid: zs51z5la file: cache/cord-014462-11ggaqf1.json key: cord-014462-11ggaqf1 authors: nan title: Abstracts of the Papers Presented in the XIX National Conference of Indian Virological Society, “Recent Trends in Viral Disease Problems and Management”, on 18–20 March, 2010, at S.V. University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh date: 2011-04-21 journal: Indian J Virol DOI: 10.1007/s13337-011-0027-2 sha: doc_id: 14462 cord_uid: 11ggaqf1 file: cache/cord-011335-pamcpi8n.json key: cord-011335-pamcpi8n authors: Govindan, Vedavalli; Govindan, Rathinaswamy; Massaro, An N.; Al-Shargabi, Tareq; Andescavage, Nickie N.; Vezina, Gilbert; Murnick, Jonathan; Wang, Yunfei; Metzler, Marina; Cristante, Caitlin; Swisher, Christopher; Reich, Daniel; Plessis, Adre du title: Cerebral venous volume changes and pressure autoregulation in critically ill infants date: 2020-03-10 journal: J Perinatol DOI: 10.1038/s41372-020-0626-0 sha: doc_id: 11335 cord_uid: pamcpi8n file: cache/cord-006882-t9w1cdr4.json key: cord-006882-t9w1cdr4 authors: nan title: Royal Academy of Medicine in Ireland date: 2012-07-22 journal: Ir J Med Sci DOI: 10.1007/s11845-012-0833-6 sha: doc_id: 6882 cord_uid: t9w1cdr4 file: cache/cord-010075-72jodunj.json key: cord-010075-72jodunj authors: nan title: Paediatric SIG: Poster Session date: 2011-03-21 journal: Respirology DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2011.01937_12.x sha: doc_id: 10075 cord_uid: 72jodunj file: cache/cord-006563-qmigctkp.json key: cord-006563-qmigctkp authors: nan title: The abstracts of the 26th congress of ESCTAIC, Timisoara, Romania, September 22–24 2016 date: 2017-03-07 journal: J Clin Monit Comput DOI: 10.1007/s10877-017-9991-4 sha: doc_id: 6563 cord_uid: qmigctkp file: cache/cord-004314-gtwtakpr.json key: cord-004314-gtwtakpr authors: Holmen, Heidi; 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I.; Feely, J.; Gaffney, P.; Sinnot, M.; O’Riordan, D.; Hayes, T.; O’Connor, C. M.; FitzGerald, M. X.; Costello, C.; Finlay, G.; Hayes, J.; O’Connor, C.; FitzGerald, M. X.; McMahon, K.; O’Farrelly, C.; O’Connor, C.; FitzGerald, M. X.; Donnelly, M. J.; Hone, S.; Robertson, J.; Coakley, R.; O’Neill, S.; Walsh, M.; McCarthy, J.; Lannon, D.; Wood, A. E.; Sharkey, R.; Mulloy, E.; Long, M.; Kilgallen, I.; O’Neill, S.; Faul, J.; Tormey, V.; Leonard, C.; Burke, C. M.; Poulter, L. W.; Horne, S.; Tormey, V. J.; Faul, J.; Leonard, C.; Burke, C. M.; Feeney, T.; Muiré, Ó. Ó; Gilmartin, J. J.; Griffin, M. J.; Hughes, D.; Knaggs, A.; Magee, D.; Donnelly, M.; McCrory, C.; March, B.; Hone, R.; Phelan, D.; White, M.; Fabry, J.; Lynch, M.; Buggy, D.; Cooney, C.; Hughes, D.; McCrory, C.; Aziz, E.; O’Herlihy, C.; Kelly, J.; O’Keefe, D.; McShane, A. J.; Boylan, J.; Tobin, E.; Smith, T.; Motherway, C.; Colreavy, F.; Denish, N.; Dwyer, R.; Bergin, A.; O’Brien, K.; MacSullivan, R.; Carson, K. D.; Blunnie, W. P.; Moriarty, D. C.; Carson, K. D.; Blunnie, W. P.; Moriarty, D. C.; Kinirons, B.; Lyons, B.; Cregg, N.; Casey, W.; Moore, K. P.; Colbert, S. A.; Ecoffey, C.; O’Gorman, D.; Fitzgerald, J.; Phelan, D.; Diamond, P.; Codd, M. B.; Sugrue, D. D.; Kellett, J.; Tighe, M.; McKenna, C. J.; Galvin, J.; McCann, H. A.; Sugrue, D. D.; McKenna, C. J.; Codd, M. B.; McCann, H. A.; Sugrue, D. D.; Scallon, A.; Buckley, M.; Fraser, A.; Norton, M.; Tomkin, G.; Graham, I.; Byrne, A.; Maher, M.; Moran, N.; Fitzgerald, D.; O’Callaghan, D.; Coyle, D.; Nugent, A. G.; McGurk, C.; Johnston, G. D.; McGurk, C.; Nugent, A.; Silke, B.; Nugent, A. G.; Johnston, G. D.; Murphy, N.; Jennings, L.; Pratico, D.; Doyle, C.; Fitzgerald, D.; Hennessy, T.; McCann, H.; Sugrue, D.; Hennessy, T.; Codd, M.; Donnelly, S.; Hennessy, A.; Hartigan, C.; McCann, H.; Sugrue, D.; Hennessy, T.; Codd, M.; Donnelly, S.; Hennessy, A.; Hartigan, C.; McCann, H.; Sugrue, D.; Hennessy, T.; MacDonald, D.; Blake, S.; McCann, H.; Sugrue, D.; Hennessy, T.; Sugrue, D.; McCann, H.; Hennessy, T.; McCann, H.; Sugrue, D.; Hennessy, T.; McDonald, D.; Blake, S.; Dominque, D.; Sugrue, D.; McMechan, S. R.; MacKenzie, G.; Allen, J.; Wright, G. T.; Dempsey, G. J.; Crawley, M.; Anderson, J.; Adgey, A. A. J.; Harbinson, M. T.; Campbell, N. P. S.; Wilson, C. M.; Ellis, P. K.; McIlrath, E. M.; Freaney, R.; McShane, A.; Keaveny, T. V.; McKenna, M. J.; Rabenstein, K.; Scheller, F.; Pfeiffer, D.; Urban, C.; Moser, I.; Jobst, G.; Manz, A.; Verpoorte, S.; Dempsey, F.; Diamond, D.; Smyth, M.; Rabenstein, K.; Dempsey, E.; McShane, A.; Keaveny, T. V.; McKenna, M. J.; Freaney, R.; Hamilton, V.; Dwyer, R.; Twomey, J.; Crowley, R.; Fenelon, L.; Walsh, F.; McCann, J.; McDonagh, P.; White, M.; McGovern, E.; Luke, D.; Phelan, D.; McCrory, C.; Crowley, K.; Lyons, B.; Mannion, D.; Wood, A. E.; Casey, W.; Murphy, D.; Clarkson, K.; Carton, E.; Higgins, P.; Leonard, I.; O’Toole, D.; Staunton, M.; Phelan, D.; Srinivasan, U.; Leonard, N.; Jones, E.; Moloney, M. A.; Weir, D. G.; O’Farrelly, C.; Feighery, C.; Griffin, M.; Owens, D.; Collins, P.; Johnson, A.; Tomkin, G. H.; Herity, N. A.; Allen, J. D.; Silke, B.; Adgey, A. A. J.; O’Reilly, F. M.; Darby, C.; O’Moore, R.; Fielding, J. F.; Murphy, G. M.; Crotty, G. M.; Judge, G.; McCann, S. R.; DeArce, M.; Nugent, A. G.; McGurk, C.; Johnston, G. D.; Nikookam, K.; Keenan, P.; Cregan, D.; Firth, R.; O’Meara, N.; Forman, S.; Cusack, D. A.; Farrell, B. title: National scientific medical meeting 1995 abstracts: Oral presentations date: 1995 journal: Ir J Med Sci DOI: 10.1007/bf02967283 sha: doc_id: 6864 cord_uid: t5qsjyfi file: cache/cord-014538-6a2pviol.json key: cord-014538-6a2pviol authors: Kamilia, Chtara; Regaieg, Kais; Baccouch, Najeh; Chelly, Hedi; Bahloul, Mabrouk; Bouaziz, Mounir; Jendoubi, Ali; Abbes, Ahmed; Belhaouane, Houda; Nasri, Oussama; Jenzri, Layla; Ghedira, Salma; Houissa, Mohamed; Belkadi, Kamal; Harti, Youness; Nsiri, Afak; Khaleq, Khalid; Hamoudi, Driss; Harrar, Rachid; Thieffry, Camille; Wallet, Frédéric; Parmentier-Decrucq, Erika; Favory, Raphaël; Mathieu, Daniel; Poissy, Julien; Lafon, Thomas; Vignon, Philippe; Begot, Emmanuelle; Appert, Alexandra; Hadj, Mathilde; Claverie, Paul; Matt, Morgan; Barraud, Olivier; François, Bruno; Jamoussi, Amira; Jazia, Amira Ben; Marhbène, Takoua; Lakhdhar, Dhouha; Khelil, Jalila Ben; Besbes, Mohamed; Goutay, Julien; Blazejewski, Caroline; Joly-Durand, Isabelle; Pirlet, Isabelle; Weillaert, Marie Pierre; Beague, Sebastien; Aziz, Soufi; Hafiane, Reda; Hattabi, Khalid; Bouhouri, Mohamed Aziz; Hammoudi, Driss; Fadil, Abdelaziz; Harrar, Rachid Al; Zerouali, Khalid; Medhioub, Fatma Kaaniche; Allela, Rania; Algia, Najla Ben; Cherif, Samar; Slaoui, Mohamed Taoufik; Boubia, Souhail; Hafiani, Y.; Khaoudi, A.; Cherkab, R.; Elallam, W.; Elkettani, C.; Barrou, L.; Ridaii, M.; Mehdi, Rihi El; Schimpf, Caroline; Mizrahi, Assaf; Pilmis, Benoît; Le Monnier, Alban; Tiercelet, Kelly; Cherin, Mélanie; Bruel, Cédric; Philippart, Francois; Bailly, Sébastien; Lucet, Jc; Lepape, Alain; L’hériteau, François; Aupée, Martine; Bervas, Caroline; Boussat, Sandrine; Berger-Carbonne, Anne; Machut, Anaïs; Savey, Anne; Timsit, Jean-François; Razazi, Keyvan; Rosman, Jérémy; de Prost, Nicolas; Carteaux, Guillaume; Jansen, Chloe; Decousser, Jean Winoc; Brun-Buisson, Christian; Dessap, Armand Mekontso; M’rad, Aymen; Ouali, Zouhour; Barghouth, Manel; Kouatchet, Achille; Mahieu, Rafael; Weiss, Emmanuel; Schnell, David; Zahar, Jean-Ralph; Artiguenave, Margaux; Sophie, Paktoris-Papine; Espinasse, Florence; Sayed, Faten El; Dinh, Aurélien; Charron, Cyril; Geri, Guillaume; Vieillard-Baron, Antoine; Repessé, Xavier; Kallel, Hatem; Mayence, Claire; Houcke, Stéphanie; Guegueniat, Pascal; Hommel, Didier; Dhifaoui, Kaouther; Hajjej, Zied; Fatnassi, Amira; Sellami, Walid; Labbene, Iheb; Ferjani, Mustapha; Dachraoui, Fahmi; Nakkaa, Sabrine; M’ghirbi, Abdelwaheb; Adhieb, Ali; Braiek, Dhouha Ben; Hraiech, Kmar; Ousji, Ali; Ouanes, Islem; Zaineb, Hammouda; Abdallah, Saousen Ben; Ouanes-Besbes, Lamia; Abroug, Fekri; Klein, Simon; Miquet, Mattéo; Thouret, Jean-Marc; Peigne, Vincent; Daban, Jean-Louis; Boutonnet, Mathieu; Lenoir, Bernard; Merhbene, Takoua; Derreumaux, Celine; Seguin, Thierry; Conil, Jean-Marie; Kelway, Charlotte; Blasco, Valery; Nafati, Cyril; Harti, Karim; Reydellet, Laurent; Albanese, Jacques; Aicha, Narjess Ben; Meddeb, Khaoula; Khedher, Ahmed; Ayachi, Jihene; Fraj, Nesrine; Sma, Nesrine; Chouchene, Imed; Boussarsar, Mohamed; Yedder, Soumaya Ben; Samoud, Walid; Radhouene, Bousselmi; Mariem, Bousselmi; Ammar, Asma; Cheikh, Asma Ben; Lakhal, Hend Ben; Khelfa, Messaouda; Hamdaoui, Yamina; Bouafia, Nabiha; Trampont, Timothée; Daix, Thomas; Legarçon, Vincent; Karam, Henri Hani; Pichon, Nicolas; Essafi, Fatma; Foudhaili, Nasreddine; Thabet, Hafedh; Blel, Youssef; Brahmi, Nozha; Ezzouine, Hanane; Kerrous, Mahmoud; Haoui, Saad El; Ahdil, Soufiane; Benslama, Abdellatif; Abidi, Khalid; Dendane, Tarek; Oussama, Ssouni; Belayachi, Jihane; Madani, Naoufal; Abouqal, Redouane; Zeggwagh, Amine Ali; Ghadhoune, Hatem; Chaari, Anis; Jihene, Guissouma; Allouche, Hend; Trabelsi, Insaf; Brahmi, Habib; Samet, Mohamed; Ghord, Hatem El; Habiba, Ben Sik Ali; Hajer, Nouira; Tilouch, Najla; Yaakoubi, Sondes; Jaoued, Oussama; Gharbi, Rim; Hassen, Mohamed Fekih; Elatrous, Souheil; Arcizet, Julien; Leroy, Bertrand; Abdulmalack, Caroline; Renzullo, Catherine; Hamet, Maël; Doise, Jean-Marc; Coutet, Jérôme; Cheikh, Chaigar Mohammed; Quechar, Zakaria; Joris, Magalie; Beauport, Dimitri Titeca; Kontar, Loay; Lebon, Delphine; Gruson, Bérengère; Slama, Michel; Marolleau, Jean-Pierre; Maizel, Julien; Gorham, Julie; Ameye, Lieveke; Berghmans, Thierry; Paesmans, Marianne; Sculier, Jean-Paul; Meert, Anne-Pascale; Guillot, Max; Ledoux, Marie-Pierre; Braun, Thierry; Maestraggi, Quentin; Michard, Baptiste; Castelain, Vincent; Herbrecht, Raoul; Schneider, Francis; Couffin, Severine; Lobo, David; Mongardon, Nicolas; Dhonneur, Gilles; Mounier, Roman; Le Borgne, Pierrick; Couraud, Sophie; Herbrecht, Jean-Etienne; Boivin, Alexandra; Lefebvre, François; Bilbault, Pascal; Zelmat, Setti-Aouicha; Batouche, Djamila-Djahida; Mazour, Fatima; Chaffi, Belkacem; Benatta, Nadia; Sik, Ali Habiba; Talik, I.; Perrier, Maxime; Gouteix, Eliane; Koubi, Claude; Escavy, Annabelle; Guilbaut, Victoria; Fosse, Jean-Philippe; Jazia, Rahma Ben; Abdelghani, Ahmed; Cungi, Pierre-Julien; Bordes, Julien; Nguyen, Cédric; Pierrou, Candice; Cruc, Maximilien; Benois, Alain; Duprez, Frédéric; Bonus, Thierry; Cuvelier, Grégory; Ollieuz, Sandra; Machayekhi, Sharam; Paciorkowski, Frédéric; Reychler, Gregory; Coudroy, Remi; Thille, Arnaud W.; Drouot, Xavier; Diaz, Véronique; Meurice, Jean-Claude; Robert, René; Turki, Olfa; Ben, Hmida Chokri; Assefi, Mona; Deransy, Romain; Brisson, Hélène; Monsel, Antoine; Conti, Filomena; Scatton, Olivier; Langeron, Olivier; Ghezala, Hassen Ben; Snouda, Salah; Ben, Chiekh Imen; Kaddour, Moez; Armel, Anwar; Youness, Lafrikh; Abdelhak, Bensaid; Youssef, Miloudi; Najib, Al Harrar; Mustapha, Amouzoun; Noufel, Mtioui; Mohamed, Zamd; Salma, El Khayat; Ghizlane, Medkouri; Mohamed, Benghanam; Benyounes, Ramdani; Montini, Florent; Moschietto, Sébastien; Gregoire, Emilien; Claisse, Guillaume; Guiot, Julien; Morimont, Philippe; Krzesinski, Jean-Marie; Mariat, Christophe; Lambermont, Bernard; Cavalier, Etienne; Delanaye, Pierre; Benbernou, Soumia; Ilies, Sofiane; Azza, Abdelkader; Bouyacoub, Khalida; Louail, Meriem; Mokhtari-Djebli, Houria; Arrestier, Romain; Daviaud, Fabrice; Francois, Xavier Laborne; Brocas, Elsa; Choukroun, Gérald; Peñuelas, Oscar; Lorente, José-Angel; Cardinal-Fernandez, Pablo; Rodriguez, José-Maria; Aramburu, José-Antonio; Esteban, Andres; Frutos-Vivar, Fernando; Bitker, Laurent; Costes, Nicolas; Le Bars, Didier; Lavenne, Franck; Devouassoux, Mojgan; Richard, Jean-Christophe; Mechati, Malika; Gainnier, Marc; Papazian, Laurent; Guervilly, Christophe; Garnero, Aude; Arnal, Jean Michel; Roze, Hadrien; Richard, Jean Christophe; Repusseau, Benjamin; Dewitte, Antoine; Joannes-Boyau, Olivier; Ouattara, Alexandre; Harbouze, Nadia; Amine, A. M.; Olandzobo, A. G.; Herbland, Alexandre; Richard, Marie; Girard, Nicolas; Lambron, Lucile; Lesieur, Olivier; Wainschtein, Sarah; Hubert, Sidonie; Hugues, Albane; Tran, Marc; Bouillard, Philippe; Loteanu, Vlad; Leloup, Maxime; Laurent, Alexandra; Lheureux, Florent; Prestifilippo, Alessia; Cruz, Martin Delgado Maria; Romain, Rigal; Antonelli, Massimo; Blanch, Torra Lluis; Bonnetain, Franck; Grazzia-Bocci, Maria; Mancebo, Jordi; Samain, Emmanuel; Paul, Hebert; Capellier, Gilles; Zavgorodniaia, Taissa; Soichot, Marion; Malissin, Isabelle; Voicu, Sebastian; Garçon, Pierre; Goury, Antoine; Kerdjana, Lamia; Deye, Nicolas; Bourgogne, Emmanuel; Megarbane, Bruno; Mejri, Olfa; Hmida, Marwa Ben; Tannous, Salma; Chevillard, Lucie; Labat, Laurence; Risede, Patricia; Fredj, Hana; Léger, Maxime; Brunet, Marion; Le Roux, Gaël; Boels, David; Lerolle, Nicolas; Farah, Souaad; Amiel-Niemann, Hélène; Kubis, Nathalie; Declèves, Xavier; Peyraux, Nicoals; Baud, Frederic; Serafini, Micaela; Alvarez, Jean-Claude; Heinzelman, Annette; Jozwiak, Mathieu; Millasseau, Sandrine; Teboul, Jean-Louis; Alphonsine, Jean-Emmanuel; Depret, François; Richard, Nathalie; Attal, Pierre; Richard, Christian; Monnet, Xavier; Chemla, Denis; Jerbi, Salma; Khedhiri, Wafa; Necib, Hatem; Scarfo, Paolo; Chevalier, Charles; Piagnerelli, Michael; Lafont, Alexandre; Galy, Antoine; Mancia, Claire; Zerhouni, Amel; Tabeliouna, Kheira; Gaja, Ali; Hamrouni, Bassem; Malouch, Abir; Fourati, Sami; Messaoud, Rihab; Zarrouki, Youssef; Ziadi, Amra; Rhezali, Manal; Zouizra, Zahira; Boumzebra, Drissi; Samkaoui, Mohamed Abdennasser; Brunet, Jennifer; Canoville, Bertrand; Verrier, Pierre; Ivascau, Calin; Seguin, Amélie; Valette, Xavier; Du Cheyron, Damien; Daubin, Cedric; Bougouin, Wulfran; Aissaoui, Nadia; Lamhaut, Lionel; Jost, Daniel; Maupain, Carole; Beganton, Frankie; Bouglé, Adrien; Dumas, Florence; Marijon, Eloi; Jouven, Xavier; Cariou, Alain; Poirson, Florent; Chaput, Ulriikka; Beeken, Thomas; Maxime, Leclerc; Haikel, Oueslati; Vodovar, Dominique; Chelly, Jonathan; Marteau, Philippe; Chocron, Richard; Juvin, Philippe; Loeb, Thomas; Adnet, Frederic; Lecarpentier, Eric; Riviere, Antoine; De Cagny, Bertand; Soupison, Thierry; Privat, Elodie; Escutnaire, Joséphine; Dumont, Cyrielle; Baert, Valentine; Vilhelm, Christian; Hubert, Hervé; Leteurtre, Stéphane; Fresco, Marion; Bubenheim, Michael; Beduneau, Gaetan; Carpentier, Dorothée; Grange, Steven; Artaud-Macari, Elise; Misset, Benoit; Tamion, Fabienne; Girault, Christophe; Dumas, Guillaume; Chevret, Sylvie; Lemiale, Virginie; Mokart, Djamel; Mayaux, Julien; Pène, Frédéric; Nyunga, Martine; Perez, Pierre; Moreau, Anne-Sophie; Bruneel, Fabrice; Vincent, François; Klouche, Kada; Reignier, Jean; Rabbat, Antoine; Azoulay, Elie; Frat, Jean-Pierre; Ragot, Stéphanie; Constantin, Jean-Michel; Prat, Gwenael; Mercat, Alain; Boulain, Thierry; Demoule, Alexandre; Devaquet, Jérôme; Nseir, Saad; Charpentier, Julien; Argaud, Laurent; Beuret, Pascal; Ricard, Jean-Damien; Teiten, Christelle; Marjanovic, Nicolas; Palamin, Nicola; L’Her, Erwan; Bailly, Arthur; Boisramé-Helms, Julie; Champigneulle, Benoit; Kamel, Toufik; Mercier, Emmanuelle; Le Thuaut, Aurélie; Lascarrou, Jean-Baptiste; Rolle, Amélie; De Jong, Audrey; Chanques, Gérald; Jaber, Samir; Hariri, Geoffroy; Baudel, Jean-Luc; Dubée, Vincent; Preda, Gabriel; Bourcier, Simon; Joffre, Jeremie; Bigé, Naïke; Ait-Oufella, Hafid; Maury, Eric; Mater, Houda; Merdji, Hamid; Grimaldi, David; Rousseau, Christophe; Mira, Jean-Paul; Chiche, Jean-Daniel; Sedghiani, Ines; Benabderrahim, A.; Hamdi, Dhekra; Jendoubi, Asma; Cherif, Mohamed Ali; Hechmi, Youssef Zied El; Zouheir, Jerbi; Bagate, François; Bousselmi, Radhwen; Schortgen, Frédérique; Asfar, Pierre; Guérot, Emmanuel; Fabien, Grelon; Anguel, Nadia; Sigismond, Lasocki; Matthieu, Henry-Lagarrigue; Gonzalez, Frédéric; François, Legay; Guitton, Christophe; Schenck, Maleka; Jean-Marc, Doise; Dreyfuss, Didier; Radermacher, Peter; Frère, Antoine; Martin-Lefèvre, Laurent; Colin, Gwenhaël; Fiancette, Maud; Henry-Laguarrigue, Matthieu; Lacherade, Jean-Claude; Lebert, Christine; Vinatier, Isabelle; Yehia, Aihem; Joret, Aurélie; Menunier-Beillard, Nicolas; Benzekri-Lefevre, Dalila; Desachy, Arnaud; Bellec, Fréderic; Plantefève, Gaëtan; Quenot, Jean-Pierre; Meziani, Ferhat; Tavernier, Elsa; Ehrmann, Stephan; Chudeau, Nicolas; Raveau, Tommy; Moal, Valérie; Houillier, Pascal; Rouve, Emmanuelle; Lakhal, Karim; Gandonnière, Charlotte Salmon; Jouan, Youenn; Bodet-Contentin, Laetitia; Balmier, Adrien; Messika, Jonathan; De Montmollin, Etienne; Pouyet, Victorine; Sztrymf, Benjamin; Thiagarajah, Abirami; Roux, Damien; De Chambrun, Marc Pineton; Luyt, Charles-Edouard; Beloncle, François; Zapella, Nathalie; Ledochowsky, Stanislas; Terzi, Nicolas; Mazou, Jean-Marc; Sonneville, Romain; Paulus, Sylvie; Fedun, Yannick; Landais, Mickael; Raphalen, Jean-Herlé; Combes, Alain; Amoura, Zahir; Jacquemin, Aemilia; Guerrero, Felipe; Marcheix, Bertrand; Hernandez, Nicolas; Fourcade, Olivier; Georges, Bernard; Delmas, Clément; Makoudi, Sarah; Genton, Audrey; Bernard, Rémy; Lebreton, Guillaume; Amour, Julien; Mazet, Charlotte; Bounes, Fanny; Murat, Gurbuz; Cronier, Laure; Robin, Guillaume; Biendel, Caroline; Silva, Stein; Boubeche, Samia; Abriou, Caroline; Wurtz, Véronique; Scherrer, Vincent; Rey, Nathalie; Gastaldi, Gioia; Veber, Benoit; Doguet, Fabien; Gay, Arnaud; Dureuil, Bertrand; Besnier, Emmanuel; Rouget, Antoine; Gantois, Guillaume; Magalhaes, Eric; Wanono, Ruben; Smonig, Roland; Lermuzeaux, Mathilde; Lebut, Jordane; Olivier, Andremont; Dupuis, Claire; Radjou, Aguila; Mourvillier, Bruno; Neuville, Mathilde; D’ortho, Marie Pia; Bouadma, Lila; Rouvel-Tallec, Anny; Rudler, Marika; Weiss, Nicolas; Perlbarg, Vincent; Galanaud, Damien; Thabut, Dominique; Rachdi, Emna; Mhamdi, Ghada; Trifi, Ahlem; Abdelmalek, Rim; Abdellatif, Sami; Daly, Foued; Nasri, Rochdi; Tiouiri, Hanene; Lakhal, Salah Ben; Rousseau, Geoffroy; Asmolov, Romain; Grammatico-Guillon, Leslie; Auvet, Adrien; Laribi, Said; Garot, Denis; Dequin, Pierre François; Guillon, Antoine; Fergé, Jean-Louis; Abgrall, Gwénolé; Hinault, Ronan; Vally, Shazima; Roze, Benoit; Chaplain, Agathe; Chabartier, Cyrille; Savidan, Anne-Charlotte; Marie, Sabia; Cabie, Andre; Resiere, Dabor; Valentino, Ruddy; Mehdaoui, Hossein; Benarous, Lucas; Soda-Diop, Marième; Bouzana, Fouad; Perrin, Gilles; Bourenne, Jeremy; Eon, Béatrice; Lambert, Dominique; Trebuchon, Agnes; Poncelet, Géraldine; Le Bourgeois, Fleur; Michael, Levy; Camille, Guillot; Naudin, Jérôme; Deho, Anna; Dauger, Stéphane; Sauthier, Michaël; Bergeron-Gallant, Krystale; Emeriaud, Guillaume; Jouvet, Philippe; Tiebergien, Nicolas; Jacquet-Lagrèze, Matthias; Fellahi, Jean-Luc; Baudin, Florent; Essouri, Sandrine; Javouhey, Etienne; Guérin, Claude; Lampin, Marie; Mamouri, Ouardia; Devos, Patrick; Karaca-Altintas, Yasemin; Vinchon, Matthieu; Brossier, David; Eltaani, Redha; Teyssedre, Sonia; Sabine, Meyet; Bouchut, Jean-Christophe; Peguet, Olivier; Petitdemange, Lucie; Guilbert, Anne Sophie; Aoul, Nabil Tabet; Addou, Zakaria; Aouffen, Nabil; Anas, Benqqa; Kalouch, Samira; Yaqini, Khalid; Chlilek, Aziz; Abdou, Rchi; Gravellier, Perrine; Chantreuil, Julie; Travers, Nadine; Listrat, Antoine; Le Reun, Claire; Favrais, Geraldine; Coppere, Zoe; Blanot, Stéphane; Montmayeur, Juliette; Bronchard, Régis; Rolando, Stephane; Orliaguet, Gilles; Leger, Pierre-Louis; Rambaud, Jérôme; Thueux, Emilie; De Larrard, Alexandra; Berthelot, Véronique; Denot, Julien; Reymond, Marie; Amblard, Alain; Morin-Zorman, Sarah; Lengliné, Etienne; Pichereau, Claire; Mariotte, Eric; Emmanuel, Canet; Poujade, Julien; Trumpff, Guillaume; Janssen-Langenstein, Ralf; Harlay, Marie-Line; Zaid, Noorah; Ait-Ammar, Nawel; Bonnal, Christine; Merle, Jean-Claude; Botterel, Francoise; Levesque, Eric; Riad, Zakaria; Mezidi, Mehdi; Yonis, Hodane; Aublanc, Mylène; Perinel-Ragey, Sophie; Lissonde, Floriane; Louf-Durier, Aurore; Tapponnier, Romain; Louis, Bruno; Forel, Jean-Marie; Bisbal, Magali; Lehingue, Samuel; Rambaud, Romain; Adda, Mélanie; Hraiech, Sami; Marchi, Elisa; Roch, Antoine; Guerin, Vincent; Rozencwajg, Sacha; Schmidt, Matthieu; Hekimian, Guillaume; Bréchot, Nicolas; Trouillet, Jean Louis; Besset, Sébastien; Franchineau, Guillaume; Nieszkowska, Ania; Pascal, Leprince; Loiselle, Maud; Sarah, Chemam; Laurence, Dangers; Guillemette, Thomas; Jacquens, Alice; Kerever, Sebastien; Guidet, Bertrand; Aegerter, Philippe; Das, Vincent; Fartoukh, Muriel; Hayon, Jan; Desmard, Mathieu; Fulgencio, Jean-Pierre; Zuber, Benjamin; Soufi, A.; Khaleq, K.; Hamoudi, D.; Garret, Charlotte; Peron, Matthieu; Coron, Emmanuel; Bretonnière, Cédric; Audureau, Etienne; Audrey, Winters; Christophe, Duvoux; Christian, Jacquelinet; Daniel, Azoulay; Cyrille, Feray; Aissaoui, Wissal; Rghioui, Kawtar; Haddad, Wafae; Barrou, Houcine; Carteaux-Taeib, Anna; Lupinacci, Renato; Manceau, Gilles; Jeune, Florence; Tresallet, Christophe; Habacha, Sahar; Fathallah, Ines; Zoubli, Aymen; Aloui, Rafaa; Kouraichi, Nadia; Jouet, Emilie; Badin, Julie; Fermier, Brice; Feller, Marc; Serie, Mathieu; Pillot, Jérôme; Marie, William; Gisbert-Mora, Chloé; Vinclair, Camille; Lesbordes, Pierre; Mathieu, Pascal; De Brabant, Fabienne; Muller, Emmanuel; Robaux, Marie-Aline; Giabicani, Mikhael; Marchalot, Antoine; Gelinotte, Stéphanie; Declercq, Pierre Louis; Eraldi, Jean-Pierre; Bougerol, François; Meunier-Beillard, Nicolas; Devilliers, Hervé; Rigaud, Jean-Philippe; Verrière, Camille; Ardisson, Fanny; Kentish-Barnes, Nancy; Jacq, Gwenaëlle; Chermak, Akli; Lautrette, Alexandre; Legrand, Matthieu; Soummer, Alexis; Thiery, Guillaume; Cottereau, Alice; Canet, Emmanuel; Caujolle, Marie; Allyn, Jérôme; Valance, Dorothée; Brulliard, Caroline; Martinet, Olivier; Jabot, Julien; Gallas, Thomas; Vandroux, David; Allou, Nicolas; Durand, Arthur; Nevière, Rémi; Delguste, Florian; Boulanger, Eric; Preau, Sebastien; Martin, Ruste; Cochet, Hélène; Ponthus, Jean Pierre; Amilien, Virginie; Tchir, Martial; Barsam, Elise; Ayoub, Mohsen; Georger, Jean Francois; Guillame, Izaute; Assaraf, Julie; 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E.; Yanga, Yves; Eric, Amisi; Ilunga, Jp; Kilembe, Ma; Alby-Laurent, Fanny; Toubiana, Julie; Mokline, Amel; Laajili, Achraf; Amri, Helmi; Rahmani, Imene; Mensi, Nidhal; Gharsallah, Lazheri; Tlaili, Sofiene; Gasri, Bahija; Hammouda, Rym; Messadi, Amen Allah; Allain, Pierre-Antoine; Gault, Nathallie; Paugam-Burtz, Catherine; Foucrier, Arnaud; Chatbri, Bassem; Bourbiaa, Yousra; Thabet, Lamia; Neuschwander, Arthur; Vincent, Looten; Beck, Jennifer; Vibol, Chhor; Amelie, Yavchitz; Resche-Rigon, Matthieu; Pirracchio, Jean MantzRomain; Bureau, Côme; Decavèle, Maxens; Campion, Sébastien; Ainsouya, Roukia; Niérat, Marie-Cécile; Prodanovic, Hélène; Raux, Mathieu; Similowski, Thomas; Dubé, Bruno-Pierre; Demiri, Suela; Dres, Martin; May, Faten; Quintard, Hervé; Kounis, Ilias; Saliba, Faouzi; André, Stephane; Boudon, Marc; Ichai, Philippe; Younes, Aline; Nakad, Lionel; Coilly, Audrey; Antonini, Teresa; Sobesky, Rodolphe; De Martin, Eleonora; Samuel, Didier; Hubert, Noemie; Nay, Mai-Anh; Auchabie, Johann; Giraudeau, Bruno; Jean, Reignier; Darmon, Michaël; Ruckly, Stephane; Garrouste-Orgeas, Maïté; Gratia, Elisabeth; Goldgran-Toledano, Dany; Jamali, Samir; Dumenil, Anne Sylvie; Schwebel, Carole; Brisard, Laurent; Bizouarn, Philippe; Lepoivre, Thierry; Nicolet, Johanna; Rigal, Jean Christophe; Roussel, Jean Christian; Cheurfa, Cherifa; Abily, Julien; Lescot, Thomas; Page, Isaline; Warnier, Stéphanie; Nys, Monique; Rousseau, Anne-Françoise; Damas, Pierre; Uhel, Fabrice; Lesouhaitier, Mathieu; Grégoire, Murielle; Gaudriot, Baptiste; Gacouin, Arnaud; Le Tulzo, Yves; Flecher, Erwan; Tarte, Karin; Tadié, Jean-Marc; Georges, Quentin; Soares, M.; Jeon, Kyeongman; Oeyen, Sandra; Rhee, Chin Kook; Gruber, Pascale; Ostermann, Marlies; Hill, Quentin; Depuydt, Peter; Ferra, Christelle; Muller, Alice; Aurelie, Bourmaud; Niles, Christopher; Herbert, Fabien; Pied, Sylviane; Loridant, Séverine; François, Nadine; Bignon, Anne; Sendid, Boualem; Lemaitre, Caroline; Dupre, Celine; Zayene, Aymen; Portier, Lucie; De Freitas Caires, Nathalie; Lassalle, Philippe; Le Neindre, Aymeric; Selot, Pascal; Ferreiro, Daniel; Bonarek, Maria; Henriot, Stépahen; Rodriguez, Julie; Taddei, Mara; Di Bari, Mauro; Hickmann, Cheryl; Castanares-Zapatero, Diego; Deldicque, Louise; Van Den Bergh, Peter; Caty, Gilles; Roeseler, Jean; Francaux, Marc; Laterre, Pierre-François; Dupuis, Bastien; Machayeckhi, Sharam; Sarfati, Celine; Moore, Alex; Mendialdua, Paula; Rodet, Emilie; Pilorge, Catherine; Stephan, Francois; Rezaiguia-Delclaux, Saida; Dugernier, Jonathan; Hesse, Michel; Jumetz, Thibaud; Bialais, Emilie; Depoortere, Virginie; Michotte, Jean Bernard; Wittebole, Xavier; Jamar, François title: Proceedings of Réanimation 2017, the French Intensive Care Society International Congress date: 2017-01-10 journal: Ann Intensive Care DOI: 10.1186/s13613-016-0224-7 sha: doc_id: 14538 cord_uid: 6a2pviol file: cache/cord-004636-t6qldq3s.json key: cord-004636-t6qldq3s authors: Saugel, Bernd; Critchley, Lester A. 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James; Kwek, Marion; Flor, Jose Paulo; Bautista, Marko; Vergara, Justine; De Roxas, V James; AndreiAñonuevo, Nicolo; Kwek, Marion; Ho, Yeng May; Kum, Jia Qi; Poh, Bee Fong; Marimuthu, Kalisvar; Ang, Brenda; Liu, Tzu-Yin; Chu, Sin-Man; Chen, Hui-Zhu; Chen, Tun-chieh; Chen, Yichun; Tsao, Ya-Ching; Skuntaniyom, Sumawadee; Malathum, Kumthorn; Tipluy, Pirawadee; Paengta, Sangwan; wongsaen, Ratchanee; thanomphan, Sutthiphun; Tariyo, Samettanet; Thongchuea, Buachan; Khamfu, Pattama; Thanomphan, Sutthiphan; Songtaweesin, Wipaporn Natalie; Anugulruengkit, Suvaporn; Samransamruajkit, Rujipat; Sosothikul, Darintr; Tansrijitdee, Ornanong; Nakphunsung, Anry; Srimuan, Patchareeyawan; Sophonphan, Jirachaya; ThanyaweePuthanakit; Payuk, Kunyanut; Picheansathian, Wilawan; Viseskul, Nongkran; DeNardo, Elizabeth; Leslie, Rachel; Cartner, Todd; Barbosa, Luciana; Werner, Heinz-Peter; Brill, Florian H. 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Barado; Podlepich, V.; Sokolova, E.; Alexandrova, E.; Lapteva, K.; Kurtz, P.; Shuinotsuka, C.; Rabello, L.; Vianna, G.; Reis, A.; Cairus, C.; Salluh, J.; Bozza, F.; Torres, J. C. Barrios; Araujo, N. J. Fernández; García-Olivares, P.; Keough, E.; Dalorzo, M.; Tang, L. K.; De Sousa, I.; Díaz, M.; Marcos-Zambrano, L. J.; Guerrero, J. E.; Gomez, S. E. Zamora; Lopez, G. D. Hernandez; Cuellar, A. I. Vazquez; Nieto, O. R. Perez; Gonzalez, J. A. Castanon; Bhasin, D.; Rai, S.; Singh, H.; Gupta, O.; Bhattal, M. K.; Sampley, S.; Sekhri, K.; Nandha, R.; Aliaga, F. A.; Olivares, F.; Appiani, F.; Farias, P.; Alberto, F.; Hernández, A.; Pons, S.; Sonneville, R.; Bouadma, L.; Neuville, M.; Mariotte, E.; Radjou, A.; Lebut, J.; Chemam, S.; Voiriot, G.; Dilly, M. P.; Mourvillier, B.; Dorent, R.; Nataf, P.; Wolff, M.; Timsit, J. F.; Ediboglu, O.; Ataman, S.; Ozkarakas, H.; Kirakli, C.; Vakalos, A.; Avramidis, V.; Obukhova, O.; Kurmukov, I. A.; Kashiya, S.; Golovnya, E.; Baikova, V. 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W. title: A note on COVID-19 seroprevalence studies: a meta-analysis using hierarchical modelling date: 2020-05-06 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.03.20089201 sha: doc_id: 345454 cord_uid: r1ymzk6n file: cache/cord-343844-xe9tdjrm.json key: cord-343844-xe9tdjrm authors: Guaiana, Giuseppe; Mastrangelo, Julia; Hendrikx, Shawn; Barbui, Corrado title: A Systematic Review of the Use of Telepsychiatry in Depression date: 2020-10-10 journal: Community Ment Health J DOI: 10.1007/s10597-020-00724-2 sha: doc_id: 343844 cord_uid: xe9tdjrm file: cache/cord-031907-ilhr3iu5.json key: cord-031907-ilhr3iu5 authors: nan title: ISEV2020 Abstract Book date: 2020-07-15 journal: nan DOI: 10.1080/20013078.2020.1784511 sha: doc_id: 31907 cord_uid: ilhr3iu5 file: cache/cord-338332-msjtncek.json key: cord-338332-msjtncek authors: Sharifian, Neika; Sol, Ketlyne; Zahodne, Laura B.; Antonucci, Toni C. title: Social Relationships and Adaptation in Later Life date: 2020-09-18 journal: Reference Module in Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Psychology DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-818697-8.00016-9 sha: doc_id: 338332 cord_uid: msjtncek file: cache/cord-340128-qxkopvot.json key: cord-340128-qxkopvot authors: Schreibauer, Elena Christina; Hippler, Melina; Burgess, Stephanie; Rieger, Monika A.; Rind, Esther title: Work-Related Psychosocial Stress in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: An Integrative Review date: 2020-10-13 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17207446 sha: doc_id: 340128 cord_uid: qxkopvot file: cache/cord-341097-c96hm610.json key: cord-341097-c96hm610 authors: Mayer, Craig S.; Williams, Nick; Huser, Vojtech title: Analysis of data dictionary formats of HIV clinical trials date: 2020-10-05 journal: PLoS One DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240047 sha: doc_id: 341097 cord_uid: c96hm610 file: cache/cord-352364-yj31uwiu.json key: cord-352364-yj31uwiu authors: El Morr, Christo; Layal, Manpreet title: Effectiveness of ICT-based intimate partner violence interventions: a systematic review date: 2020-09-07 journal: BMC Public Health DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09408-8 sha: doc_id: 352364 cord_uid: yj31uwiu file: cache/cord-335975-m6lkrehi.json key: cord-335975-m6lkrehi authors: nan title: Proceedings of Réanimation 2018, the French Intensive Care Society International Congress date: 2018-02-05 journal: Ann Intensive Care DOI: 10.1186/s13613-017-0345-7 sha: doc_id: 335975 cord_uid: m6lkrehi file: cache/cord-349161-4899cq99.json key: cord-349161-4899cq99 authors: Whiting, Penny F; Sterne, Jonathan AC; Westwood, Marie E; Bachmann, Lucas M; Harbord, Roger; Egger, Matthias; Deeks, Jonathan J title: Graphical presentation of diagnostic information date: 2008-04-11 journal: BMC Med Res Methodol DOI: 10.1186/1471-2288-8-20 sha: doc_id: 349161 cord_uid: 4899cq99 file: cache/cord-344988-09vpehvf.json key: cord-344988-09vpehvf authors: Overbeck, Silke; Rink, Lothar; Haase, Hajo title: Modulating the immune response by oral zinc supplementation: a single approach for multiple diseases date: 2008-02-05 journal: Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) DOI: 10.1007/s00005-008-0003-8 sha: doc_id: 344988 cord_uid: 09vpehvf file: cache/cord-348841-qxkmngyk.json key: cord-348841-qxkmngyk authors: Kozakiewicz, Christopher P.; Burridge, Christopher P.; Funk, W. Chris; VandeWoude, Sue; Craft, Meggan E.; Crooks, Kevin R.; Ernest, Holly B.; Fountain‐Jones, Nicholas M.; Carver, Scott title: Pathogens in space: Advancing understanding of pathogen dynamics and disease ecology through landscape genetics date: 2018-07-28 journal: Evol Appl DOI: 10.1111/eva.12678 sha: doc_id: 348841 cord_uid: qxkmngyk file: cache/cord-346098-gj10adoq.json key: cord-346098-gj10adoq authors: Oh, Ga-Eun (Grace) title: When dessert comes close: The effects of anticipating indulgent consumption and dietary restraint on healthy food preference at restaurants date: 2020-07-16 journal: Int J Hosp Manag DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102614 sha: doc_id: 346098 cord_uid: gj10adoq file: cache/cord-350565-mejd7blb.json key: cord-350565-mejd7blb authors: Lewnard, Joseph A; Reingold, Arthur L title: Emerging Challenges and Opportunities in Infectious Disease Epidemiology date: 2019-03-16 journal: Am J Epidemiol DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwy264 sha: doc_id: 350565 cord_uid: mejd7blb file: cache/cord-352969-rpt7xja6.json key: cord-352969-rpt7xja6 authors: Kataria, Ashish; Yakubu, Idris; Winstead, Ryan; Gowda, Madan; Gupta, Gaurav title: COVID-19 in Kidney Transplantation: Epidemiology, Management Considerations, and the Impact on Kidney Transplant Practice date: 2020-07-15 journal: Transplant Direct DOI: 10.1097/txd.0000000000001031 sha: doc_id: 352969 cord_uid: rpt7xja6 file: cache/cord-353528-8a3f5hxu.json key: cord-353528-8a3f5hxu authors: Levy, Oren; Kuai, Rui; Siren, Erika M. J.; Bhere, Deepak; Milton, Yuka; Nissar, Nabeel; De Biasio, Michael; Heinelt, Martina; Reeve, Brock; Abdi, Reza; Alturki, Meshael; Fallatah, Mohanad; Almalik, Abdulaziz; Alhasan, Ali H.; Shah, Khalid; Karp, Jeffrey M. title: Shattering barriers toward clinically meaningful MSC therapies date: 2020-07-22 journal: Sci Adv DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aba6884 sha: doc_id: 353528 cord_uid: 8a3f5hxu file: cache/cord-351530-crsii3pu.json key: cord-351530-crsii3pu authors: Zhao, Fuqiang; Ahmed, Fawad; Faraz, Naveed Ahmad title: Caring for the Caregiver during COVID-19 Outbreak: Does Inclusive Leadership Improve Psychological Safety and Curb Psychological Distress? A Cross-sectional Study date: 2020-07-30 journal: Int J Nurs Stud DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103725 sha: doc_id: 351530 cord_uid: crsii3pu file: cache/cord-355318-qm79gz8w.json key: cord-355318-qm79gz8w authors: Smit, Albertus J.; Fitchett, Jennifer M.; Engelbrecht, Francois A.; Scholes, Robert J.; Dzhivhuho, Godfrey; Sweijd, Neville A. title: Winter Is Coming: A Southern Hemisphere Perspective of the Environmental Drivers of SARS-CoV-2 and the Potential Seasonality of COVID-19 date: 2020-08-05 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17165634 sha: doc_id: 355318 cord_uid: qm79gz8w file: cache/cord-351734-wjvhu1qg.json key: cord-351734-wjvhu1qg authors: Kassaw, Chalachew; Pandey, Digvijay title: The Current Mental Health Crisis of COVID-19 Pandemic Among Communities Living in Gedeo Zone Dilla, SNNP, Ethiopia, April 2020 date: 2020-08-25 journal: J Psychosoc Rehabil Ment Health DOI: 10.1007/s40737-020-00192-7 sha: doc_id: 351734 cord_uid: wjvhu1qg file: cache/cord-352040-zmkjine7.json key: cord-352040-zmkjine7 authors: Dominski, Fábio Hech; Serafim, Thiago Teixeira; Siqueira, Thais Cristina; Andrade, Alexandro title: Psychological variables of CrossFit participants: a systematic review date: 2020-08-29 journal: Sport Sci Health DOI: 10.1007/s11332-020-00685-9 sha: doc_id: 352040 cord_uid: zmkjine7 file: cache/cord-356116-c40e3zp7.json key: cord-356116-c40e3zp7 authors: Savory, Eric; Lin, William E; Blackman, Karin; Roberto, Matthew C; Cuthbertson, Lauren R; Scott, James A; Mubareka, Samira title: Western Cold and Flu (WeCoF) aerosol study – preliminary results date: 2014-08-23 journal: BMC Res Notes DOI: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-563 sha: doc_id: 356116 cord_uid: c40e3zp7 file: cache/cord-354216-4khdcjed.json key: cord-354216-4khdcjed authors: Sultan, Shahnaz; Altayar, Osama; Siddique, Shazia M.; Davitkov, Perica; Feuerstein, Joseph D.; Lim, Joseph K.; Falck-Ytter, Yngve; El-Serag, Hashem B. title: AGA Institute Rapid Review of the GI and Liver Manifestations of COVID-19, Meta-Analysis of International Data, and Recommendations for the Consultative Management of Patients with COVID-19 date: 2020-05-11 journal: Gastroenterology DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.05.001 sha: doc_id: 354216 cord_uid: 4khdcjed file: cache/cord-349474-pprxwij6.json key: cord-349474-pprxwij6 authors: Elshami, Wiam; Akudjedu, Theophilus N.; Abuzaid, Mohamed; David, Leena R.; Tekin, Huseyin Ozan; Cavli, B.; Issa, Bashar title: The radiology workforce’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the Middle East, North Africa and India date: 2020-09-23 journal: Radiography (Lond) DOI: 10.1016/j.radi.2020.09.016 sha: doc_id: 349474 cord_uid: pprxwij6 file: cache/cord-354306-zbkgabl2.json key: cord-354306-zbkgabl2 authors: Pennycook, Gordon; McPhetres, Jonathon; Zhang, Yunhao; Lu, Jackson G.; Rand, David G. title: Fighting COVID-19 Misinformation on Social Media: Experimental Evidence for a Scalable Accuracy-Nudge Intervention date: 2020-06-30 journal: Psychol Sci DOI: 10.1177/0956797620939054 sha: doc_id: 354306 cord_uid: zbkgabl2 file: cache/cord-348994-ly2fop7d.json key: cord-348994-ly2fop7d authors: Faustini, Annunziata; Davoli, Marina title: Attributable Risk to Assess the Health Impact of Air Pollution: Advances, Controversies, State of the Art and Future Needs date: 2020-06-23 journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124512 sha: doc_id: 348994 cord_uid: ly2fop7d file: cache/cord-353876-pb4of7s9.json key: cord-353876-pb4of7s9 authors: Fortaleza, Carlos Magno Castelo Branco title: Evidence, rationality, and ignorance: Agnotological issues in COVID-19 science date: 2020-09-21 journal: Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0475-2020 sha: doc_id: 353876 cord_uid: pb4of7s9 file: cache/cord-354592-vqws942c.json key: cord-354592-vqws942c authors: Cauvin, Annick J.; Peters, Christopher; Brennan, Frank title: Advantages and Limitations of Commonly Used Nonhuman Primate Species in Research and Development of Biopharmaceuticals date: 2015-03-20 journal: The Nonhuman Primate in Nonclinical Drug Development and Safety Assessment DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-417144-2.00019-6 sha: doc_id: 354592 cord_uid: vqws942c file: cache/cord-354491-23cjm86c.json key: cord-354491-23cjm86c authors: Muller, A. E.; Hafstad, E. V.; Himmels, J. P. W.; Smedslund, G.; Flottorp, S.; Stensland, S.; Stroobants, S.; Van de Velde, S.; Vist, G. E. title: The mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic onhealthcare workers, and interventions to help them: a rapid systematic review date: 2020-07-04 journal: nan DOI: 10.1101/2020.07.03.20145607 sha: doc_id: 354491 cord_uid: 23cjm86c file: cache/cord-353787-24c98ug8.json key: cord-353787-24c98ug8 authors: Jackson, J. A. title: Immunology in wild nonmodel rodents: an ecological context for studies of health and disease date: 2015-04-27 journal: Parasite Immunol DOI: 10.1111/pim.12180 sha: doc_id: 353787 cord_uid: 24c98ug8 file: cache/cord-352844-wggg3ynb.json key: cord-352844-wggg3ynb authors: Annunziata, Francesca; Pinna, Cecilia; Dallavalle, Sabrina; Tamborini, Lucia; Pinto, Andrea title: An Overview of Coumarin as a Versatile and Readily Accessible Scaffold with Broad-Ranging Biological Activities date: 2020-06-29 journal: Int J Mol Sci DOI: 10.3390/ijms21134618 sha: doc_id: 352844 cord_uid: wggg3ynb file: cache/cord-341063-3rqnu5bu.json key: cord-341063-3rqnu5bu authors: nan title: 38th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine: Brussels, Belgium. 20-23 March 2018 date: 2018-03-29 journal: Crit Care DOI: 10.1186/s13054-018-1973-5 sha: doc_id: 341063 cord_uid: 3rqnu5bu file: cache/cord-022940-atbjwpo5.json key: cord-022940-atbjwpo5 authors: nan title: Poster Sessions date: 2016-09-07 journal: FEBS J DOI: 10.1111/febs.13808 sha: doc_id: 22940 cord_uid: atbjwpo5 file: cache/cord-355038-o2hr5mox.json key: cord-355038-o2hr5mox authors: nan title: Proceedings of Réanimation 2020, the French Intensive Care Society International Congress date: 2020-02-11 journal: Ann Intensive Care DOI: 10.1186/s13613-020-0623-7 sha: doc_id: 355038 cord_uid: o2hr5mox file: cache/cord-350571-6tapkjb6.json key: cord-350571-6tapkjb6 authors: nan title: 45th ESCP-NSF international symposium on clinical pharmacy: clinical pharmacy tackling inequalities and access to health care. Oslo, Norway, 5–7 October 2016 date: 2017-01-10 journal: Int J Clin Pharm DOI: 10.1007/s11096-016-0404-4 sha: doc_id: 350571 cord_uid: 6tapkjb6 file: cache/cord-010119-t1x9gknd.json key: cord-010119-t1x9gknd authors: nan title: Abstract Presentations from the AABB Annual Meeting San Diego, CA ctober 7‐10, 2017 date: 2017-09-04 journal: Transfusion DOI: 10.1111/trf.14286 sha: doc_id: 10119 cord_uid: t1x9gknd Reading metadata file and updating bibliogrpahics === updating bibliographic database Building study carrel named keyword-study-cord === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 66909 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 95. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 65315 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 66608 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordwrd2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordwrd2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordwrd2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordwrd2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordwrd2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordpos2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 66614 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 67253 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 65269 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 67229 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordpos2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordwrd2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 95. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 68749 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 95. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 95. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordpos2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 95. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 94. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 69200 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 69050 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 69294 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 69043 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 69170 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordwrd2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 95. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 94. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. parallel: Warning: No more processes: Decreasing number of running jobs to 93. parallel: Warning: Raising ulimit -u or /etc/security/limits.conf may help. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordent2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 70149 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2adr.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordpos2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/cordpos2carrel.sh: fork: retry: No child processes === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 69713 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: No child processes /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/txt2urls.sh: fork: retry: Resource temporarily unavailable === file2bib.sh === id: cord-013138-4e9vo0xr author: Lang-Illievich, Kordula title: The Effect of Low-Level Light Therapy on Capsaicin-Induced Peripheral and Central Sensitization in Healthy Volunteers: A Double-Blinded, Randomized, Sham-Controlled Trial date: 2020-10-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-013138-4e9vo0xr.txt cache: ./cache/cord-013138-4e9vo0xr.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-013138-4e9vo0xr.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-010018-gl8uuqej author: Del Borrello, Giovanni title: New insights into pediatric community‐acquired pneumonia gained from untargeted metabolomics: A preliminary study date: 2019-12-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-010018-gl8uuqej.txt cache: ./cache/cord-010018-gl8uuqej.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-010018-gl8uuqej.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-005600-gsbbjb5y author: De Jonghe, B. title: Acquired neuromuscular disorders in critically ill patients: a systematic review date: 1998 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-005600-gsbbjb5y.txt cache: ./cache/cord-005600-gsbbjb5y.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-005600-gsbbjb5y.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-020316-xr9h4c1q author: nan title: Million women study most wanted in 2003 date: 2004-04-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-020316-xr9h4c1q.txt cache: ./cache/cord-020316-xr9h4c1q.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 1 resourceName b'cord-020316-xr9h4c1q.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-011335-pamcpi8n author: Govindan, Vedavalli title: Cerebral venous volume changes and pressure autoregulation in critically ill infants date: 2020-03-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-011335-pamcpi8n.txt cache: ./cache/cord-011335-pamcpi8n.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-011335-pamcpi8n.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-004385-xna32qve author: Zhou, Yuqing title: Use of corticosteroids in influenza-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome and severe pneumonia: a systemic review and meta-analysis date: 2020-02-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-004385-xna32qve.txt cache: ./cache/cord-004385-xna32qve.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-004385-xna32qve.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-000285-7p3b6tyf author: HARTERT, Tina V. title: The Tennessee Children's Respiratory Initiative: Objectives, design and recruitment results of a prospective cohort study investigating infant viral respiratory illness and the development of asthma and allergic diseases date: 2010-04-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-000285-7p3b6tyf.txt cache: ./cache/cord-000285-7p3b6tyf.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-000285-7p3b6tyf.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-011952-mm06uzxx author: Rücker, Gerta title: The statistical importance of a study for a network meta-analysis estimate date: 2020-07-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-011952-mm06uzxx.txt cache: ./cache/cord-011952-mm06uzxx.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-011952-mm06uzxx.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-012778-yr8zuvw9 author: Zhang, Lei title: Quantitative efficacy of three antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia based on a real-world study in China date: 2019-08-06 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-012778-yr8zuvw9.txt cache: ./cache/cord-012778-yr8zuvw9.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-012778-yr8zuvw9.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-004167-r2s0gks8 author: Cutts, Julia C. title: Pregnancy-specific malarial immunity and risk of malaria in pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes: a systematic review date: 2020-01-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-004167-r2s0gks8.txt cache: ./cache/cord-004167-r2s0gks8.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-004167-r2s0gks8.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-001989-6gi3o5mu author: Faber, Timor title: Meta-analyses including non-randomized studies of therapeutic interventions: a methodological review date: 2016-03-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-001989-6gi3o5mu.txt cache: ./cache/cord-001989-6gi3o5mu.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 7 resourceName b'cord-001989-6gi3o5mu.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-015335-l0kjxhd1 author: nan title: Irish Society of Gastroenterology: Proceedings for summer meeting – 26th/27th May 1995 in Galway date: 1995 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-015335-l0kjxhd1.txt cache: ./cache/cord-015335-l0kjxhd1.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-015335-l0kjxhd1.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-016472-jj7fqcen author: Freudenberg, Nicholas title: Health Research Behind Bars: A Brief Guide to Research in Jails and Prisons date: 2007 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-016472-jj7fqcen.txt cache: ./cache/cord-016472-jj7fqcen.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-016472-jj7fqcen.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-014987-nycbjqn6 author: nan title: OP 0364-0412 date: 2006-08-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-014987-nycbjqn6.txt cache: ./cache/cord-014987-nycbjqn6.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-014987-nycbjqn6.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-010680-lc1onm53 author: Patel, Ami title: In Vivo Delivery of Nucleic Acid-Encoded Monoclonal Antibodies date: 2020-03-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-010680-lc1onm53.txt cache: ./cache/cord-010680-lc1onm53.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-010680-lc1onm53.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-006882-t9w1cdr4 author: nan title: Royal Academy of Medicine in Ireland date: 2012-07-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-006882-t9w1cdr4.txt cache: ./cache/cord-006882-t9w1cdr4.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-006882-t9w1cdr4.txt' === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 70288 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 84912 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === OMP: Error #34: System unable to allocate necessary resources for OMP thread: OMP: System error #11: Resource temporarily unavailable OMP: Hint Try decreasing the value of OMP_NUM_THREADS. /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/file2bib.sh: line 39: 70973 Aborted $FILE2BIB "$FILE" > "$OUTPUT" === file2bib.sh === id: cord-010977-fwz7chzf author: Myserlis, Pavlos title: Translational Genomics in Neurocritical Care: a Review date: 2020-02-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-010977-fwz7chzf.txt cache: ./cache/cord-010977-fwz7chzf.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-010977-fwz7chzf.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-016130-5q9ufu28 author: Linday, Linda A. title: Nutritional Supplements and Upper Respiratory Tract Illnesses in Young Children in the United States date: 2010-12-17 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-016130-5q9ufu28.txt cache: ./cache/cord-016130-5q9ufu28.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-016130-5q9ufu28.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-017955-oipail5l author: Wilkie, David A. title: The Ophthalmic Examination as It Pertains to General Ocular Toxicology: Basic and Advanced Techniques and Species-Associated Findings date: 2013-08-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-017955-oipail5l.txt cache: ./cache/cord-017955-oipail5l.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-017955-oipail5l.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-015935-r2wd1yfa author: Sokol, Deborah K. title: The Genetics of Autism date: 2011-02-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-015935-r2wd1yfa.txt cache: ./cache/cord-015935-r2wd1yfa.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-015935-r2wd1yfa.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-007321-7gi6xrci author: Chow, Anthony W. title: Evaluation of New Anti-Infective Drugs for the Treatment of Respiratory Tract Infections date: 1992-11-17 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-007321-7gi6xrci.txt cache: ./cache/cord-007321-7gi6xrci.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-007321-7gi6xrci.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-007818-jfp9uumb author: Papali, Alfred title: Infrastructure and Organization of Adult Intensive Care Units in Resource-Limited Settings date: 2019-02-09 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-007818-jfp9uumb.txt cache: ./cache/cord-007818-jfp9uumb.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-007818-jfp9uumb.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023186-gqltd6u0 author: nan title: Poster Sessions date: 2019-06-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023186-gqltd6u0.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023186-gqltd6u0.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-023186-gqltd6u0.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-026392-cvb44v5v author: Dahlberg, Jørgen title: Barriers and challenges in the process of including critically ill patients in clinical studies date: 2020-06-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-026392-cvb44v5v.txt cache: ./cache/cord-026392-cvb44v5v.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-026392-cvb44v5v.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-015910-d9gxew91 author: Grimble, Robert F. title: The Interaction Between Nutrition and Inflammatory Stress Throughout the Life Cycle date: 2005 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-015910-d9gxew91.txt cache: ./cache/cord-015910-d9gxew91.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-015910-d9gxew91.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-015569-vy49r1zd author: nan title: Abstracts from the 45(th) Annual Meeting of Japanese Association for the Stusy of Taste and Smell (JASTS 2011), Kanazawa, Japan, October 5-7(th), 2011 (The president of the meeting was Dr. Takaki Miwa, Kanazawa Medical University) date: 2012-05-17 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-015569-vy49r1zd.txt cache: ./cache/cord-015569-vy49r1zd.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-015569-vy49r1zd.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-017208-7oew461e author: Aurigemma, Rosemarie title: Regulatory Aspects in the Development of Gene Therapies date: 2005 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-017208-7oew461e.txt cache: ./cache/cord-017208-7oew461e.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-017208-7oew461e.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-022082-1dq623oe author: Greaves, Peter title: Respiratory Tract date: 2007-09-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-022082-1dq623oe.txt cache: ./cache/cord-022082-1dq623oe.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-022082-1dq623oe.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-022467-j2trahab author: Loo, May title: Select Populations: Children date: 2009-05-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-022467-j2trahab.txt cache: ./cache/cord-022467-j2trahab.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-022467-j2trahab.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-006702-ekf6mja9 author: nan title: Abstracts for the 17th IPNA Congress, Iguaçu, Brazil, September 2016: Oral Presentations date: 2016-08-17 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-006702-ekf6mja9.txt cache: ./cache/cord-006702-ekf6mja9.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-006702-ekf6mja9.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-006226-fn7zlutj author: nan title: Abstracts of the 4th annual meeting of the German Society of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapy: Hannover, 14–17 September 1994 date: 1994 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-006226-fn7zlutj.txt cache: ./cache/cord-006226-fn7zlutj.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-006226-fn7zlutj.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-025304-qfpfllay author: Tiddi, Ilaria title: Fostering Scientific Meta-analyses with Knowledge Graphs: A Case-Study date: 2020-05-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-025304-qfpfllay.txt cache: ./cache/cord-025304-qfpfllay.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-025304-qfpfllay.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-028963-u4iupl1s author: Lane, Michael title: Multiple Sclerosis date: 2020-07-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-028963-u4iupl1s.txt cache: ./cache/cord-028963-u4iupl1s.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-028963-u4iupl1s.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-014540-27hnlu5v author: Sutthiruk, Nantanit title: Abstracts from the 8th International Congress of the Asia Pacific Society of Infection Control (APSIC): Bangkok, Thailand. 12-15 February 2017 date: 2017-02-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-014540-27hnlu5v.txt cache: ./cache/cord-014540-27hnlu5v.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-014540-27hnlu5v.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023311-7wqdlha4 author: nan title: Oral Session date: 2010-11-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023311-7wqdlha4.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023311-7wqdlha4.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-023311-7wqdlha4.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-006862-5va1yyit author: nan title: ITS ASM 2012 date: 2012-11-04 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-006862-5va1yyit.txt cache: ./cache/cord-006862-5va1yyit.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-006862-5va1yyit.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-014670-e31g8lns author: nan title: Poster Sessions 313-503 date: 2004-10-05 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-014670-e31g8lns.txt cache: ./cache/cord-014670-e31g8lns.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-014670-e31g8lns.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-102796-rr8qet8c author: Counotte, Michel J title: Emergence of evidence during disease outbreaks: lessons learnt from the Zika virus outbreak date: 2020-03-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-102796-rr8qet8c.txt cache: ./cache/cord-102796-rr8qet8c.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-102796-rr8qet8c.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-015082-l629n8is author: nan title: Poster Sessions 323-461 date: 2002-08-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-015082-l629n8is.txt cache: ./cache/cord-015082-l629n8is.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-015082-l629n8is.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-015090-n6f4xupw author: nan title: PS 339-563 date: 2005-09-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-015090-n6f4xupw.txt cache: ./cache/cord-015090-n6f4xupw.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-015090-n6f4xupw.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-010075-72jodunj author: nan title: Paediatric SIG: Poster Session date: 2011-03-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-010075-72jodunj.txt cache: ./cache/cord-010075-72jodunj.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-010075-72jodunj.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023134-y665agnh author: nan title: Oral Research Communications of the 22(nd) ECVIM‐CA Congress date: 2012-11-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023134-y665agnh.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023134-y665agnh.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 6 resourceName b'cord-023134-y665agnh.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-030679-27qrlapp author: Yamamoto, Ryo title: Oxygen administration in patients recovering from cardiac arrest: a narrative review date: 2020-08-12 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-030679-27qrlapp.txt cache: ./cache/cord-030679-27qrlapp.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-030679-27qrlapp.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-006888-qfnukav4 author: nan title: Irish Thoracic Society Annual Scientific Meeting, Ramada Hotel, Belfast: 7th–8th November 2008 date: 2008-10-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-006888-qfnukav4.txt cache: ./cache/cord-006888-qfnukav4.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-006888-qfnukav4.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-026990-d3l1sbeb author: Oberoi, Sumit title: Economic menace of diabetes in India: a systematic review date: 2020-06-17 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-026990-d3l1sbeb.txt cache: ./cache/cord-026990-d3l1sbeb.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-026990-d3l1sbeb.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-029211-6o7qn2y2 author: nan title: Press review date: 2020-07-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-029211-6o7qn2y2.txt cache: ./cache/cord-029211-6o7qn2y2.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-029211-6o7qn2y2.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023303-fxus38mp author: nan title: Lung Cancer/Bronchology SIGs: Combined Poster Session date: 2008-03-12 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023303-fxus38mp.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023303-fxus38mp.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-023303-fxus38mp.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-012518-ncrdwtdg author: nan title: Abstractband DOG 2020 date: 2020-08-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-012518-ncrdwtdg.txt cache: ./cache/cord-012518-ncrdwtdg.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 6 resourceName b'cord-012518-ncrdwtdg.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-033736-bsmqqi6j author: Bajraktari, Saranda title: Health-promoting and preventive interventions for community-dwelling older people published from inception to 2019: a scoping review to guide decision making in a Swedish municipality context date: 2020-10-14 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-033736-bsmqqi6j.txt cache: ./cache/cord-033736-bsmqqi6j.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-033736-bsmqqi6j.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-255901-nl9k8uwd author: Barasheed, Osamah title: Uptake and effectiveness of facemask against respiratory infections at mass gatherings: a systematic review date: 2016-03-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-255901-nl9k8uwd.txt cache: ./cache/cord-255901-nl9k8uwd.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-255901-nl9k8uwd.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-029423-o24dthlk author: Iwuji, Collins C. title: A phase IV randomised, open-label pilot study to evaluate switching from protease-inhibitor based regimen to Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide single tablet regimen in Integrase inhibitor-naïve, virologically suppressed HIV-1 infected adults harbouring drug resistance mutations (PIBIK study): study protocol for a randomised trial date: 2020-07-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-029423-o24dthlk.txt cache: ./cache/cord-029423-o24dthlk.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-029423-o24dthlk.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-014462-11ggaqf1 author: nan title: Abstracts of the Papers Presented in the XIX National Conference of Indian Virological Society, “Recent Trends in Viral Disease Problems and Management”, on 18–20 March, 2010, at S.V. University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh date: 2011-04-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-014462-11ggaqf1.txt cache: ./cache/cord-014462-11ggaqf1.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-014462-11ggaqf1.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023305-5lb9kho6 author: nan title: Oliv SIG: Poster Session date: 2011-03-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023305-5lb9kho6.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023305-5lb9kho6.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-023305-5lb9kho6.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-025495-udz9i0fw author: Nowak, Jan K. title: Lithium and coronaviral infections. A scoping review. date: 2020-04-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-025495-udz9i0fw.txt cache: ./cache/cord-025495-udz9i0fw.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-025495-udz9i0fw.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-022594-fx044gcd author: Pirko, Istvan title: Demyelinating Disorders of the Central Nervous System date: 2009-05-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-022594-fx044gcd.txt cache: ./cache/cord-022594-fx044gcd.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-022594-fx044gcd.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-006864-t5qsjyfi author: Norris, S. title: National scientific medical meeting 1995 abstracts: Oral presentations date: 1995 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-006864-t5qsjyfi.txt cache: ./cache/cord-006864-t5qsjyfi.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-006864-t5qsjyfi.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023302-p9pxz44a author: nan title: Cystic Fibrosis SIG: Poster Session date: 2011-03-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023302-p9pxz44a.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023302-p9pxz44a.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-023302-p9pxz44a.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023298-ysur3sjq author: nan title: Respiratory Nurses SIG: Poster Session date: 2011-03-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023298-ysur3sjq.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023298-ysur3sjq.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 6 resourceName b'cord-023298-ysur3sjq.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-006636-xgikbdns author: Ühlein, E. title: Übersicht Über neue ernährungswissenschaftliche Publikationen date: 1964-02-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-006636-xgikbdns.txt cache: ./cache/cord-006636-xgikbdns.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-006636-xgikbdns.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-030922-l7xuu9a5 author: Bergström, Anna title: The use of the PARIHS framework in implementation research and practice—a citation analysis of the literature date: 2020-08-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-030922-l7xuu9a5.txt cache: ./cache/cord-030922-l7xuu9a5.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-030922-l7xuu9a5.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-015372-76xvzvdg author: nan title: National scientific medical meeting 1996 abstracts date: 1996 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-015372-76xvzvdg.txt cache: ./cache/cord-015372-76xvzvdg.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-015372-76xvzvdg.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-032623-32m3qko4 author: Durkin, Louisa title: When mycologists describe new species, not all relevant information is provided (clearly enough) date: 2020-09-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-032623-32m3qko4.txt cache: ./cache/cord-032623-32m3qko4.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-032623-32m3qko4.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-031243-p6142nt1 author: Lewis, Mae M. title: From Study-Abroad to Study-at-Home: Teaching Cross-Cultural Design Thinking During COVID-19 date: 2020-09-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-031243-p6142nt1.txt cache: ./cache/cord-031243-p6142nt1.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-031243-p6142nt1.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-025366-haf542y0 author: Offit, Paul A. title: Vaccine safety date: 2012-11-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-025366-haf542y0.txt cache: ./cache/cord-025366-haf542y0.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-025366-haf542y0.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023713-daz2vokz author: Devereux, Graham title: Epidemiology of Asthma and Allergic Airway Diseases date: 2013-09-06 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023713-daz2vokz.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023713-daz2vokz.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-023713-daz2vokz.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-030725-876arxiu author: nan title: September 2020 New in Review date: 2020-08-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-030725-876arxiu.txt cache: ./cache/cord-030725-876arxiu.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-030725-876arxiu.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023239-06a03o14 author: nan title: II. Topic Sessions date: 2016-06-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023239-06a03o14.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023239-06a03o14.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-023239-06a03o14.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-009571-mygj2nd4 author: nan title: Proceedings of the 42nd annual meeting of the american rheumatism association a section of the arthritis foundation june 1 & 2, 1978 new york city abstracts of papers presented date: 2005-11-23 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-009571-mygj2nd4.txt cache: ./cache/cord-009571-mygj2nd4.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-009571-mygj2nd4.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023314-rwjxk8v4 author: nan title: Asthma & Allergy SIG: Poster Session 1 date: 2011-03-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023314-rwjxk8v4.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023314-rwjxk8v4.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-023314-rwjxk8v4.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-260112-tb087txz author: Kassardjian, Charles D. title: Practical Guidance for Managing EMG Requests and Testing during the COVID‐19 Pandemic date: 2020-04-11 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-260112-tb087txz.txt cache: ./cache/cord-260112-tb087txz.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-260112-tb087txz.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-253000-nwbmxepi author: Margină, Denisa title: Chronic Inflammation in the Context of Everyday Life: Dietary Changes as Mitigating Factors date: 2020-06-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-253000-nwbmxepi.txt cache: ./cache/cord-253000-nwbmxepi.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-253000-nwbmxepi.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-032379-pelz3ygf author: nan title: October 2020 New in Review date: 2020-09-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-032379-pelz3ygf.txt cache: ./cache/cord-032379-pelz3ygf.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-032379-pelz3ygf.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023308-af5nihyi author: nan title: COPD SIG: Poster Session 2 date: 2008-03-12 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023308-af5nihyi.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023308-af5nihyi.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-023308-af5nihyi.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-034339-1fgbubsc author: Holz, N. E. title: Kohortenstudien in der Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie date: 2020-10-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-034339-1fgbubsc.txt cache: ./cache/cord-034339-1fgbubsc.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-034339-1fgbubsc.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-006391-esnsa4u5 author: nan title: Abstracts 5(th) Tripartite Meeting Salzburg/Austria, September 9–11,1982 date: 1982 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-006391-esnsa4u5.txt cache: ./cache/cord-006391-esnsa4u5.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-006391-esnsa4u5.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023288-sqr33y72 author: nan title: Paediatric SIG: Poster Session date: 2008-03-12 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023288-sqr33y72.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023288-sqr33y72.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-023288-sqr33y72.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-029112-u507i0t0 author: Smith, Keisha title: A Phase 3 Open-label, Randomized, Controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Intravenously Administered Ravulizumab Compared with Best Supportive Care in Patients with COVID-19 Severe Pneumonia, Acute Lung Injury, or Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial date: 2020-07-13 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-029112-u507i0t0.txt cache: ./cache/cord-029112-u507i0t0.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-029112-u507i0t0.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023343-y17z9w2x author: nan title: COPD SIG: Poster Session 1 date: 2011-03-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023343-y17z9w2x.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023343-y17z9w2x.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-023343-y17z9w2x.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-255877-k8r98w3e author: Toye, Francine title: A qualitative evidence synthesis using meta-ethnography to understand the experience of living with pelvic organ prolapse date: 2020-09-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-255877-k8r98w3e.txt cache: ./cache/cord-255877-k8r98w3e.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-255877-k8r98w3e.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-258399-difauneh author: Rahmani, Amir Masoud title: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) prevention and treatment methods and effective parameters: A systematic literature review date: 2020-10-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-258399-difauneh.txt cache: ./cache/cord-258399-difauneh.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-258399-difauneh.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-009713-sxd4t2tz author: nan title: Poster Presentations date: 2020-01-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-009713-sxd4t2tz.txt cache: ./cache/cord-009713-sxd4t2tz.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-009713-sxd4t2tz.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-022955-vy0qgtll author: nan title: Proteases date: 2005-06-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-022955-vy0qgtll.txt cache: ./cache/cord-022955-vy0qgtll.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-022955-vy0qgtll.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023331-jrvmgnu3 author: nan title: Asthma & Allergy SIG: Poster Session 3. Physiology, Environment, Investigation and Management date: 2008-03-12 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023331-jrvmgnu3.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023331-jrvmgnu3.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-023331-jrvmgnu3.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-032926-mrnsaexq author: Waitz, Markus title: Application of two different nasal CPAP levels for the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants—“The OPTTIMMAL-Trial”—Optimizing PEEP To The IMMAture Lungs: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial date: 2020-10-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-032926-mrnsaexq.txt cache: ./cache/cord-032926-mrnsaexq.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-032926-mrnsaexq.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-103522-94zqk6lu author: Shah, S. G. S. title: Are digital technology interventions effective to reduce loneliness in older adults? A systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2020-09-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-103522-94zqk6lu.txt cache: ./cache/cord-103522-94zqk6lu.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-103522-94zqk6lu.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-170195-lrg11s5n author: Stoye, Jorg title: A Critical Assessment of Some Recent Work on COVID-19 date: 2020-05-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-170195-lrg11s5n.txt cache: ./cache/cord-170195-lrg11s5n.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-170195-lrg11s5n.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-262127-zpt0kamn author: Hussaindeen, Jameel Rizwana title: Accommodative Insufficiency: Prevalence, Impact and Treatment Options date: 2020-09-11 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-262127-zpt0kamn.txt cache: ./cache/cord-262127-zpt0kamn.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-262127-zpt0kamn.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-102417-xn7m3wqp author: Blake, T. title: Psoriatic disease and body composition: a systematic review of the literature date: 2020-05-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-102417-xn7m3wqp.txt cache: ./cache/cord-102417-xn7m3wqp.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-102417-xn7m3wqp.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-022659-chwk2bs4 author: nan title: Abstracts: Poster session date: 2004-10-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-022659-chwk2bs4.txt cache: ./cache/cord-022659-chwk2bs4.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-022659-chwk2bs4.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-030371-wp6xmaqe author: Kubota, Kazuo title: Basic Science of PET Imaging for Inflammatory Diseases date: 2019-12-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-030371-wp6xmaqe.txt cache: ./cache/cord-030371-wp6xmaqe.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-030371-wp6xmaqe.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-252922-cdhnlvxv author: West, Erin A. title: Corona Immunitas: study protocol of a nationwide program of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and seroepidemiologic studies in Switzerland date: 2020-10-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-252922-cdhnlvxv.txt cache: ./cache/cord-252922-cdhnlvxv.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-252922-cdhnlvxv.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-264133-yj100ryt author: Anderson, Gregory S. title: Peer Support and Crisis-Focused Psychological Interventions Designed to Mitigate Post-Traumatic Stress Injuries among Public Safety and Frontline Healthcare Personnel: A Systematic Review date: 2020-10-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-264133-yj100ryt.txt cache: ./cache/cord-264133-yj100ryt.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-264133-yj100ryt.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-102474-fmq98aa8 author: Gooding, K. M. title: Prognostic Imaging Biomarkers for Diabetic Kidney Disease (iBEAt): Study protocol date: 2020-01-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-102474-fmq98aa8.txt cache: ./cache/cord-102474-fmq98aa8.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-102474-fmq98aa8.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-263322-y4htkvux author: Yang, Jun title: Association between genetic polymorphisms and osteonecrosis in steroid treatment populations: a detailed stratified and dose-response meta-analysis date: 2019-05-14 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-263322-y4htkvux.txt cache: ./cache/cord-263322-y4htkvux.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-263322-y4htkvux.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-151118-25cbus1m author: Murray, Benjamin title: Accessible Data Curation and Analytics for International-Scale Citizen Science Datasets date: 2020-11-02 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-151118-25cbus1m.txt cache: ./cache/cord-151118-25cbus1m.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-151118-25cbus1m.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-262780-ilu5oskk author: Sattui, Sebastian E. title: Swinging the pendulum: lessons learned from public discourse concerning hydroxychloroquine and COVID-19 date: 2020-08-11 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-262780-ilu5oskk.txt cache: ./cache/cord-262780-ilu5oskk.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-262780-ilu5oskk.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-257244-gryp0khc author: Edwards, M. R. title: The potential of anti‐infectives and immunomodulators as therapies for asthma and asthma exacerbations date: 2017-08-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-257244-gryp0khc.txt cache: ./cache/cord-257244-gryp0khc.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-257244-gryp0khc.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-255230-i6q73bhs author: Makhanova, Anastasia title: Capturing Fluctuations in Pathogen Avoidance: the Situational Pathogen Avoidance Scale date: 2020-08-13 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-255230-i6q73bhs.txt cache: ./cache/cord-255230-i6q73bhs.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-255230-i6q73bhs.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-216972-migs9rxb author: Garaialde, Diego title: Quantifying the Impact of Making and Breaking Interface Habits date: 2020-05-14 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-216972-migs9rxb.txt cache: ./cache/cord-216972-migs9rxb.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-216972-migs9rxb.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-271573-qsr3ka5p author: Schafer, Austin title: Telemedicine in Pediatric Otolaryngology: Ready for Prime Time? date: 2020-09-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-271573-qsr3ka5p.txt cache: ./cache/cord-271573-qsr3ka5p.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-271573-qsr3ka5p.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-256145-4rcy64y8 author: Menzies-Gow, Andrew title: DESTINATION: a phase 3, multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial to evaluate the long-term safety and tolerability of tezepelumab in adults and adolescents with severe, uncontrolled asthma date: 2020-10-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-256145-4rcy64y8.txt cache: ./cache/cord-256145-4rcy64y8.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-256145-4rcy64y8.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-266031-tlrsco40 author: Haghani, Milad title: Covid-19 pandemic and the unprecedented mobilisation of scholarly efforts prompted by a health crisis: Scientometric comparisons across SARS, MERS and 2019-nCoV literature date: 2020-09-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-266031-tlrsco40.txt cache: ./cache/cord-266031-tlrsco40.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-266031-tlrsco40.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-252691-757mh2mh author: Pratt, R. J. title: epic2: National Evidence-Based Guidelines for Preventing Healthcare-Associated Infections in NHS Hospitals in England date: 2007-02-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-252691-757mh2mh.txt cache: ./cache/cord-252691-757mh2mh.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-252691-757mh2mh.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-257073-dm80bxnd author: Akmatov, Manas K. title: E-mail-based symptomatic surveillance combined with self-collection of nasal swabs: a new tool for acute respiratory infection epidemiology date: 2011-08-17 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-257073-dm80bxnd.txt cache: ./cache/cord-257073-dm80bxnd.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-257073-dm80bxnd.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-265723-6k8196p2 author: Yu, Chengjun title: Evaluation of safety, efficacy, tolerability, and treatment-related outcomes of type I interferons for Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) infection in clinical practice: An updated critical systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2020-06-25 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-265723-6k8196p2.txt cache: ./cache/cord-265723-6k8196p2.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-265723-6k8196p2.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-014516-r59usk02 author: nan title: Research Communications of the 24th ECVIM‐CA Congress date: 2015-01-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-014516-r59usk02.txt cache: ./cache/cord-014516-r59usk02.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 6 resourceName b'cord-014516-r59usk02.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023353-2yoz1t6a author: nan title: ABSTRACTS FROM THE 2010 EVDI ANNUAL MEETING date: 2010-12-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023353-2yoz1t6a.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023353-2yoz1t6a.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-023353-2yoz1t6a.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-255351-vp19ydce author: Lanata, Claudio F. title: Global Causes of Diarrheal Disease Mortality in Children <5 Years of Age: A Systematic Review date: 2013-09-04 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-255351-vp19ydce.txt cache: ./cache/cord-255351-vp19ydce.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-255351-vp19ydce.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-253525-r6ocr18h author: Fontbonne, Alain title: Small animal reproduction: Scientific facts versus dogmas or unverified beliefs date: 2020-03-11 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-253525-r6ocr18h.txt cache: ./cache/cord-253525-r6ocr18h.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-253525-r6ocr18h.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-015334-8p124rwp author: nan title: ESCP 36th European Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy ‘Implementing Clinical Pharmacy in Community and Hospital Settings: Sharing the Experience’, Istanbul, Turkey 25–27 October 2007; Abstracts date: 2008-06-11 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-015334-8p124rwp.txt cache: ./cache/cord-015334-8p124rwp.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 6 resourceName b'cord-015334-8p124rwp.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-269015-850bvb9t author: Östlund, Ulrika title: Combining qualitative and quantitative research within mixed method research designs: A methodological review date: 2011-03-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-269015-850bvb9t.txt cache: ./cache/cord-269015-850bvb9t.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-269015-850bvb9t.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-251962-xeue441p author: Armour, Cherie title: The COVID-19 Psychological Wellbeing Study: Understanding the Longitudinal Psychosocial Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the UK; a Methodological Overview Paper date: 2020-11-04 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-251962-xeue441p.txt cache: ./cache/cord-251962-xeue441p.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-251962-xeue441p.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-257400-mw38kfjo author: Iliadi, Anna title: Particulate Production and Composite Dust during Routine Dental Procedures. A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses date: 2020-05-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-257400-mw38kfjo.txt cache: ./cache/cord-257400-mw38kfjo.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-257400-mw38kfjo.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-262637-crqw59k1 author: Kwon, Sophia title: Food Intake REstriction for Health OUtcome Support and Education (FIREHOUSE) Protocol: A Randomized Clinical Trial date: 2020-09-09 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-262637-crqw59k1.txt cache: ./cache/cord-262637-crqw59k1.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-262637-crqw59k1.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-282526-b8tky324 author: Berger Gillam, T. title: Norwich COVID-19 Testing Initiative: feasibility project evaluation date: 2020-09-23 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-282526-b8tky324.txt cache: ./cache/cord-282526-b8tky324.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-282526-b8tky324.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-259012-rk0sd9i5 author: Mehta, Hemal title: Trends in Real-World Neovascular AMD Treatment Outcomes in the UK date: 2020-10-14 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-259012-rk0sd9i5.txt cache: ./cache/cord-259012-rk0sd9i5.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-259012-rk0sd9i5.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-258781-peppszqx author: Ishola, David A. title: Could influenza transmission be reduced by restricting mass gatherings? Towards an evidence-based policy framework date: 2011-08-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-258781-peppszqx.txt cache: ./cache/cord-258781-peppszqx.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-258781-peppszqx.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023333-b7w9zrl6 author: nan title: Oeld/Population Health SIG: Poster Session date: 2011-03-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023333-b7w9zrl6.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023333-b7w9zrl6.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-023333-b7w9zrl6.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-284880-xsh3wkqy author: Bandaly, Victor title: The Fate of Mengovirus on Fiberglass Filter of Air Handling Units date: 2017-06-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-284880-xsh3wkqy.txt cache: ./cache/cord-284880-xsh3wkqy.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-284880-xsh3wkqy.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-276015-id15u3br author: Beran, Jiří title: Inosine pranobex is safe and effective for the treatment of subjects with confirmed acute respiratory viral infections: analysis and subgroup analysis from a Phase 4, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind study date: 2016-11-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-276015-id15u3br.txt cache: ./cache/cord-276015-id15u3br.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-276015-id15u3br.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-262345-hti1jjpn author: Eddy, Lucy H. title: The validity and reliability of observational assessment tools available to measure fundamental movement skills in school-age children: A systematic review date: 2020-08-25 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-262345-hti1jjpn.txt cache: ./cache/cord-262345-hti1jjpn.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-262345-hti1jjpn.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-262442-kjgpriow author: Scalia, Santo title: Quercetin solid lipid microparticles: A flavonoid for inhalation lung delivery date: 2013-05-13 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-262442-kjgpriow.txt cache: ./cache/cord-262442-kjgpriow.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-262442-kjgpriow.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023216-avn8f2w3 author: nan title: Symposium summaries date: 2004-10-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023216-avn8f2w3.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023216-avn8f2w3.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-023216-avn8f2w3.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-017248-a37t31u1 author: nan title: Alphabetic Listing of Diseases and Conditions date: 2010-05-17 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-017248-a37t31u1.txt cache: ./cache/cord-017248-a37t31u1.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-017248-a37t31u1.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-258087-93yfs7ve author: Flores, Carlos title: A quality assessment of genetic association studies supporting susceptibility and outcome in acute lung injury date: 2008-10-25 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-258087-93yfs7ve.txt cache: ./cache/cord-258087-93yfs7ve.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-258087-93yfs7ve.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-282194-0sjmf1yn author: Cherak, Stephana J. title: Impact of social media interventions and tools among informal caregivers of critically ill patients after patient admission to the intensive care unit: A scoping review date: 2020-09-11 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-282194-0sjmf1yn.txt cache: ./cache/cord-282194-0sjmf1yn.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-282194-0sjmf1yn.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-286527-e795m6tk author: Sheskin, Mark title: Online Developmental Science to Foster Innovation, Access, and Impact date: 2020-07-02 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-286527-e795m6tk.txt cache: ./cache/cord-286527-e795m6tk.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-286527-e795m6tk.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-272901-dsnbh4t1 author: Dew, Jeffrey title: Ten Years of Marriage and Cohabitation Research in the Journal of Family and Economic Issues date: 2020-10-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-272901-dsnbh4t1.txt cache: ./cache/cord-272901-dsnbh4t1.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-272901-dsnbh4t1.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-260605-smkr7b15 author: Vestby, Lene K. title: Bacterial Biofilm and its Role in the Pathogenesis of Disease date: 2020-02-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-260605-smkr7b15.txt cache: ./cache/cord-260605-smkr7b15.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-260605-smkr7b15.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-285244-2suwmika author: Blau, Ina title: Violation of digital and analog academic integrity through the eyes of faculty members and students: Do institutional role and technology change ethical perspectives? date: 2020-07-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-285244-2suwmika.txt cache: ./cache/cord-285244-2suwmika.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-285244-2suwmika.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-282063-tkp1tifx author: Saberi, Parya title: Research in the Time of Coronavirus: Continuing Ongoing Studies in the Midst of the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-04-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-282063-tkp1tifx.txt cache: ./cache/cord-282063-tkp1tifx.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-282063-tkp1tifx.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-268149-narre5e7 author: Aziz, Muhammad Abdul title: Traditional uses of medicinal plants used by Indigenous communities for veterinary practices at Bajaur Agency, Pakistan date: 2018-01-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-268149-narre5e7.txt cache: ./cache/cord-268149-narre5e7.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-268149-narre5e7.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-275340-q8d7rvnj author: Sun, JingKang title: Advances in the use of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19 date: 2020-06-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-275340-q8d7rvnj.txt cache: ./cache/cord-275340-q8d7rvnj.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-275340-q8d7rvnj.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-267006-gsevwptc author: Waltz, Jeffrey title: Improving CT-Derived Fractional Flow Reserve Analysis: A Quality Improvement Initiative date: 2020-10-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-267006-gsevwptc.txt cache: ./cache/cord-267006-gsevwptc.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-267006-gsevwptc.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-290347-q6r6g7ue author: Williams, Lloyd B. title: Impact and Trends in Global Ophthalmology date: 2020-06-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-290347-q6r6g7ue.txt cache: ./cache/cord-290347-q6r6g7ue.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-290347-q6r6g7ue.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-014538-6a2pviol author: Kamilia, Chtara title: Proceedings of Réanimation 2017, the French Intensive Care Society International Congress date: 2017-01-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-014538-6a2pviol.txt cache: ./cache/cord-014538-6a2pviol.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 18 resourceName b'cord-014538-6a2pviol.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-262164-cxs5xgvv author: Ackerman, Joshua M. title: What people believe about detecting infectious disease using the senses date: 2020-10-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-262164-cxs5xgvv.txt cache: ./cache/cord-262164-cxs5xgvv.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-262164-cxs5xgvv.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-005777-6rvfsx4p author: nan title: PS 0420-0716 date: 2007-08-25 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-005777-6rvfsx4p.txt cache: ./cache/cord-005777-6rvfsx4p.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 7 resourceName b'cord-005777-6rvfsx4p.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-022527-a0x6lws3 author: nan title: Eosinophils in Human Disease date: 2012-10-12 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-022527-a0x6lws3.txt cache: ./cache/cord-022527-a0x6lws3.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 6 resourceName b'cord-022527-a0x6lws3.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-292978-qfw1uqvp author: Thakrar, Amit title: Thirty-Day Mortality Rate of Patients With Hip Fractures During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Single Centre Prospective Study in the United Kingdom date: 2020-07-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-292978-qfw1uqvp.txt cache: ./cache/cord-292978-qfw1uqvp.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-292978-qfw1uqvp.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-015126-cyhcbk1j author: nan title: PS 0036-0344 date: 2007-08-25 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-015126-cyhcbk1j.txt cache: ./cache/cord-015126-cyhcbk1j.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 7 resourceName b'cord-015126-cyhcbk1j.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-265139-x7g3jcjm author: Zaiou, Mohamed title: The Emerging Role and Promise of Circular RNAs in Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders date: 2020-06-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-265139-x7g3jcjm.txt cache: ./cache/cord-265139-x7g3jcjm.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-265139-x7g3jcjm.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-287607-d3k26aar author: Emamaullee, Juliet title: Rapid Adaptation of a Surgical Research Unit to Conduct Clinical Trials during the Coronavirus-19 Pandemic. date: 2020-06-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-287607-d3k26aar.txt cache: ./cache/cord-287607-d3k26aar.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-287607-d3k26aar.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-291851-xesef17i author: Wong, Yu-Jun title: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the COVID-19 associated liver injury date: 2020-08-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-291851-xesef17i.txt cache: ./cache/cord-291851-xesef17i.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-291851-xesef17i.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-282783-ps5jyjkl author: nan title: Full Issue PDF date: 2020-09-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-282783-ps5jyjkl.txt cache: ./cache/cord-282783-ps5jyjkl.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-282783-ps5jyjkl.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-282280-5pggpbrq author: Doornekamp, Laura title: Determinants of Vaccination Uptake in Risk Populations: A Comprehensive Literature Review date: 2020-08-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-282280-5pggpbrq.txt cache: ./cache/cord-282280-5pggpbrq.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-282280-5pggpbrq.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-291083-nd7cew7v author: Vargas-Medrano, Javier title: Psychological and Neurobiological Aspects of Suicide in Adolescents: Current Outlooks date: 2020-08-05 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-291083-nd7cew7v.txt cache: ./cache/cord-291083-nd7cew7v.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-291083-nd7cew7v.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023913-pnjhi8cu author: Foreman, Stephen title: Broader Considerations of Medical and Dental Data Integration date: 2011-10-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023913-pnjhi8cu.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023913-pnjhi8cu.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-023913-pnjhi8cu.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-267389-v2ihhtl0 author: Canevelli, Marco title: The Pipeline of Therapeutics Testing During the Emergency Phase of the COVID-19 Outbreak date: 2020-09-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-267389-v2ihhtl0.txt cache: ./cache/cord-267389-v2ihhtl0.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-267389-v2ihhtl0.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-267608-0odu8lus author: Chen, Daohong title: Innovative highlights of clinical drug trial design date: 2020-06-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-267608-0odu8lus.txt cache: ./cache/cord-267608-0odu8lus.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-267608-0odu8lus.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-269373-d5xam4kb author: Schumacher, J. title: The impact of respiratory protective equipment on difficult airway management: a randomised, crossover, simulation study date: 2020-05-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-269373-d5xam4kb.txt cache: ./cache/cord-269373-d5xam4kb.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-269373-d5xam4kb.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-006876-v2m5l5wz author: nan title: Neurocritical Care Society 14(th) Annual Meeting date: 2016-08-11 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-006876-v2m5l5wz.txt cache: ./cache/cord-006876-v2m5l5wz.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 7 resourceName b'cord-006876-v2m5l5wz.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-264079-u0nkjexi author: Murphy, Dianne title: The use of gowns and masks to control respiratory illness in pediatric hospital personnel date: 1981-11-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-264079-u0nkjexi.txt cache: ./cache/cord-264079-u0nkjexi.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-264079-u0nkjexi.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-286237-x6dr6rsh author: Maes, Bastiaan title: Treatment of severely ill COVID-19 patients with anti-interleukin drugs (COV-AID): A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial date: 2020-06-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-286237-x6dr6rsh.txt cache: ./cache/cord-286237-x6dr6rsh.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-286237-x6dr6rsh.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-269343-qwgmn06t author: Livingston, Gill title: Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2020 report of the Lancet Commission date: 2020-07-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-269343-qwgmn06t.txt cache: ./cache/cord-269343-qwgmn06t.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 6 resourceName b'cord-269343-qwgmn06t.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-265605-32gy8w8b author: Matthews, Michael title: Development of a psychosocial intervention to support informal caregivers of people with end-stage kidney disease receiving haemodialysis date: 2020-10-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-265605-32gy8w8b.txt cache: ./cache/cord-265605-32gy8w8b.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-265605-32gy8w8b.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-022653-qa1uph35 author: nan title: Poster Discussion Session PDS date: 2017-08-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-022653-qa1uph35.txt cache: ./cache/cord-022653-qa1uph35.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 7 resourceName b'cord-022653-qa1uph35.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-279748-ycgpqs89 author: Gremi, Téa title: COVID-19 studies registration worldwide for prospective studies with a specific focus on the fast-tracking of French ethic procedures date: 2020-06-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-279748-ycgpqs89.txt cache: ./cache/cord-279748-ycgpqs89.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 1 resourceName b'cord-279748-ycgpqs89.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-265299-oovkoiyj author: Hickman, D.L. title: Commonly Used Animal Models date: 2016-11-25 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-265299-oovkoiyj.txt cache: ./cache/cord-265299-oovkoiyj.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-265299-oovkoiyj.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-268088-y4vg7frb author: Montané, Xavier title: Current Perspectives of the Applications of Polyphenols and Flavonoids in Cancer Therapy date: 2020-07-23 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-268088-y4vg7frb.txt cache: ./cache/cord-268088-y4vg7frb.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-268088-y4vg7frb.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-274597-a67u1elx author: Röseler, Lukas title: Evidence against subliminal anchoring: Two close, highly powered, preregistered, and failed replication attempts date: 2020-10-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-274597-a67u1elx.txt cache: ./cache/cord-274597-a67u1elx.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-274597-a67u1elx.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-276327-wyevh4xv author: Sheng, Calvin C title: Canakinumab to reduce deterioration of cardiac and respiratory function in SARS‐CoV‐2 associated myocardial injury with heightened inflammation (canakinumab in Covid‐19 cardiac injury: The three C study) date: 2020-08-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-276327-wyevh4xv.txt cache: ./cache/cord-276327-wyevh4xv.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-276327-wyevh4xv.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-287957-diyz54qy author: Deriba, Berhanu Senbeta title: Patient Satisfaction and Associated Factors During COVID-19 Pandemic in North Shoa Health Care Facilities date: 2020-10-13 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-287957-diyz54qy.txt cache: ./cache/cord-287957-diyz54qy.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-287957-diyz54qy.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-293522-gg706q8s author: Toumi, Mondher title: Commentary on “Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open label non-randomized clinical trial” by Gautret et al date: 2020-05-13 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-293522-gg706q8s.txt cache: ./cache/cord-293522-gg706q8s.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-293522-gg706q8s.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-276711-y74zr7fn author: Winthrop, Kevin L title: To immunosuppress: whom, when and how? That is the question with COVID-19 date: 2020-08-04 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-276711-y74zr7fn.txt cache: ./cache/cord-276711-y74zr7fn.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-276711-y74zr7fn.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-278246-mnj0zmkn author: Hussain, Nowair title: A Meta-Analysis on the Effects of Hydroxychloroquine on COVID-19 date: 2020-08-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-278246-mnj0zmkn.txt cache: ./cache/cord-278246-mnj0zmkn.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-278246-mnj0zmkn.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-004948-ad3i9wgj author: nan title: 7th International Congress on Amino Acids and Proteins : Vienna, Austria, August 6–10, 2001 date: 2001 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-004948-ad3i9wgj.txt cache: ./cache/cord-004948-ad3i9wgj.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 7 resourceName b'cord-004948-ad3i9wgj.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-292559-b21j9sf3 author: Karcher, Nicole R. title: The ABCD study: understanding the development of risk for mental and physical health outcomes date: 2020-06-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-292559-b21j9sf3.txt cache: ./cache/cord-292559-b21j9sf3.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-292559-b21j9sf3.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-266294-ua22udlc author: Koch, Oliver title: 29 Antiviral drugs date: 2010-12-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-266294-ua22udlc.txt cache: ./cache/cord-266294-ua22udlc.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-266294-ua22udlc.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-252984-79jzkdu2 author: Bickman, Leonard title: Improving Mental Health Services: A 50-Year Journey from Randomized Experiments to Artificial Intelligence and Precision Mental Health date: 2020-07-26 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-252984-79jzkdu2.txt cache: ./cache/cord-252984-79jzkdu2.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-252984-79jzkdu2.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-267076-a4ulg4ck author: Mechili, Enkeleint A. title: Is the mental health of young students and their family members affected during the quarantine period? Evidence from the COVID‐19 pandemic in Albania. date: 2020-07-13 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-267076-a4ulg4ck.txt cache: ./cache/cord-267076-a4ulg4ck.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-267076-a4ulg4ck.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-281877-r1y1hz4q author: Lavretsky, Helen title: Scientific Autobiography of a Spiritual Seeker in the Year of Hindsight's 20/20.: “Was I deceived, or did a sable cloud Turn forth her silver lining on the night?” John Milton “Comus” (1634) date: 2020-08-11 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-281877-r1y1hz4q.txt cache: ./cache/cord-281877-r1y1hz4q.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-281877-r1y1hz4q.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-287958-tcn2hlmo author: Bhattacharya, Subhasis title: The behaviour of Infection, Survival and Testing Effort Variables of SARS-CoV-2: A Theoretical Modelling based on Optimization Technique date: 2020-11-11 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-287958-tcn2hlmo.txt cache: ./cache/cord-287958-tcn2hlmo.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-287958-tcn2hlmo.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-294910-gnc04ax1 author: Nogueira, Paulo Jorge title: The Role of Health Preconditions on COVID-19 Deaths in Portugal: Evidence from Surveillance Data of the First 20293 Infection Cases date: 2020-07-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-294910-gnc04ax1.txt cache: ./cache/cord-294910-gnc04ax1.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-294910-gnc04ax1.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-285898-rtqkvf63 author: Padberg, Stephanie title: Anti-infective Agents date: 2014-09-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-285898-rtqkvf63.txt cache: ./cache/cord-285898-rtqkvf63.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-285898-rtqkvf63.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-005881-oswgjaxz author: nan title: Abstracts: 11(th) European Congress of Trauma and Emergency Surgery May 15–18, 2010 Brussels, Belgium date: 2010 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-005881-oswgjaxz.txt cache: ./cache/cord-005881-oswgjaxz.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 8 resourceName b'cord-005881-oswgjaxz.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-279935-asg71qtr author: Beasley, Lana O. title: Best Practices for Engaging Pregnant and Postpartum Women at Risk of Substance Use in Longitudinal Research Studies: a Qualitative Examination of Participant Preferences date: 2020-10-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-279935-asg71qtr.txt cache: ./cache/cord-279935-asg71qtr.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-279935-asg71qtr.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-292209-d1ty9etr author: Horta, Bernardo L title: Prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 according to socioeconomic and ethnic status in a nationwide Brazilian survey date: 2020-10-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-292209-d1ty9etr.txt cache: ./cache/cord-292209-d1ty9etr.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-292209-d1ty9etr.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-292544-m7jyydf1 author: Grau-Pujol, Berta title: Pre-exposure prophylaxis with hydroxychloroquine for high-risk healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A structured summary of a study protocol for a multicentre, double-blind randomized controlled trial date: 2020-07-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-292544-m7jyydf1.txt cache: ./cache/cord-292544-m7jyydf1.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-292544-m7jyydf1.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-295786-cpuz08vl author: Castillo-Sánchez, Gema title: Suicide Risk Assessment Using Machine Learning and Social Networks: a Scoping Review date: 2020-11-09 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-295786-cpuz08vl.txt cache: ./cache/cord-295786-cpuz08vl.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-295786-cpuz08vl.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-256881-7sejcqda author: Heindel, Jerrold J. title: Data integration, analysis, and interpretation of eight academic CLARITY-BPA studies date: 2020-07-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-256881-7sejcqda.txt cache: ./cache/cord-256881-7sejcqda.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-256881-7sejcqda.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-009664-kb9fnbgy author: nan title: Oral presentations date: 2014-12-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-009664-kb9fnbgy.txt cache: ./cache/cord-009664-kb9fnbgy.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 9 resourceName b'cord-009664-kb9fnbgy.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-279913-lgdmlies author: Katz, D. H. title: Proteomic Profiling in Biracial Cohorts Implicates DC-SIGN as a Mediator of Genetic Risk in COVID-19 date: 2020-06-11 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-279913-lgdmlies.txt cache: ./cache/cord-279913-lgdmlies.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-279913-lgdmlies.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-286932-2gjnpqqa author: Lee, Yung title: Impact of hospital lockdown secondary to COVID-19 and past pandemics on surgical practice: A living rapid systematic review date: 2020-11-12 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-286932-2gjnpqqa.txt cache: ./cache/cord-286932-2gjnpqqa.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-286932-2gjnpqqa.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-283340-ksyd5l56 author: Choi, Geun Joo title: The Potential Role of Dyslipidemia in COVID-19 Severity: an Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews date: 2020-09-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-283340-ksyd5l56.txt cache: ./cache/cord-283340-ksyd5l56.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-283340-ksyd5l56.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-292853-xihpfidg author: Ford, Julian D. title: Social, cultural, and other diversity issues in the traumatic stress field date: 2015-08-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-292853-xihpfidg.txt cache: ./cache/cord-292853-xihpfidg.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-292853-xihpfidg.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-274305-mnyy41po author: Kumar, Purnima S title: Demystifying the mist: Sources of microbial bioload in dental aerosols date: 2020-07-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-274305-mnyy41po.txt cache: ./cache/cord-274305-mnyy41po.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-274305-mnyy41po.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023442-4vzwc2d2 author: nan title: Proceedings of SCANNING 94/SEEMS 94 Charleston, South Carolina, USA date: 2006-12-05 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023442-4vzwc2d2.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023442-4vzwc2d2.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 6 resourceName b'cord-023442-4vzwc2d2.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023017-k6edtg58 author: nan title: AASLD Abstracts (pp. 282A–382A) date: 2006-02-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023017-k6edtg58.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023017-k6edtg58.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-023017-k6edtg58.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-276896-14zq3tln author: Vaz, Manjulika title: Public perceptions on Controlled Human Infection Model (CHIM) studies—a qualitative pilot study from South India date: 2020-10-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-276896-14zq3tln.txt cache: ./cache/cord-276896-14zq3tln.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-276896-14zq3tln.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-005646-xhx9pzhj author: nan title: 2nd World Congress on Pediatric Intensive Care 1996 Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 23–26 June 1996 Abstracts of Oral Presentations, Posters and Nursing Programme date: 1996 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-005646-xhx9pzhj.txt cache: ./cache/cord-005646-xhx9pzhj.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 8 resourceName b'cord-005646-xhx9pzhj.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-296491-467nrx6d author: O’Brien, Bridget C. title: Pause, Persist, Pivot: Key Decisions Health Professions Education Researchers Must Make About Conducting Studies During Extreme Events date: 2020-06-09 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-296491-467nrx6d.txt cache: ./cache/cord-296491-467nrx6d.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-296491-467nrx6d.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-278297-twiye6jv author: Lourenco, Stella F. title: No Participant Left Behind: Conducting Science During COVID-19 date: 2020-05-11 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-278297-twiye6jv.txt cache: ./cache/cord-278297-twiye6jv.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-278297-twiye6jv.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-295575-zgta5ah8 author: Howard, Evin title: The Impact of Ambient Environmental Exposures to Microbial Products on Asthma Outcomes from Birth to Childhood date: 2019-11-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-295575-zgta5ah8.txt cache: ./cache/cord-295575-zgta5ah8.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-295575-zgta5ah8.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-281051-i229xv0o author: Bishop-Williams, Katherine E. title: A protocol for a systematic literature review: comparing the impact of seasonal and meteorological parameters on acute respiratory infections in Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples date: 2017-01-26 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-281051-i229xv0o.txt cache: ./cache/cord-281051-i229xv0o.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-281051-i229xv0o.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-015147-h0o0yqv8 author: nan title: Oral Communications and Posters date: 2014-09-12 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-015147-h0o0yqv8.txt cache: ./cache/cord-015147-h0o0yqv8.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 6 resourceName b'cord-015147-h0o0yqv8.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-015306-us58wwmp author: nan title: Abstracts for the IPNA Congress, 30 August - 3 September 2013, Shanghai, China date: 2013-06-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-015306-us58wwmp.txt cache: ./cache/cord-015306-us58wwmp.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 8 resourceName b'cord-015306-us58wwmp.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-291271-movbn4dn author: Jahangiry, Leila title: Risk perception related to COVID-19 among the Iranian general population: an application of the extended parallel process model date: 2020-10-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-291271-movbn4dn.txt cache: ./cache/cord-291271-movbn4dn.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-291271-movbn4dn.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-300064-t3qexner author: Kumar, Krishan title: The psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown on the migrant workers: A cross-sectional survey date: 2020-06-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-300064-t3qexner.txt cache: ./cache/cord-300064-t3qexner.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-300064-t3qexner.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-286075-yp2ta24o author: Nacul, Luis title: How Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) Progresses: The Natural History of ME/CFS date: 2020-08-11 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-286075-yp2ta24o.txt cache: ./cache/cord-286075-yp2ta24o.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-286075-yp2ta24o.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-279718-r21k0gku author: Benseler, Anouk title: Antibiotic prophylaxis for urodynamic testing in women: a systematic review date: 2020-08-26 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-279718-r21k0gku.txt cache: ./cache/cord-279718-r21k0gku.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-279718-r21k0gku.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-296888-z5x6zkht author: Hailay, Abrha title: The burden, admission, and outcomes of COVID-19 among asthmatic patients in Africa: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2020-09-04 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-296888-z5x6zkht.txt cache: ./cache/cord-296888-z5x6zkht.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-296888-z5x6zkht.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-298257-uptgv2xv author: Cheng, Wenwen title: Efficacy and Safety of Corticosteroid Treatment in Patients With COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis date: 2020-09-09 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-298257-uptgv2xv.txt cache: ./cache/cord-298257-uptgv2xv.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-298257-uptgv2xv.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-289305-mfjyjjer author: Lee, Min Hye title: A systematic review on the causes of the transmission and control measures of outbreaks in long-term care facilities: Back to basics of infection control date: 2020-03-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-289305-mfjyjjer.txt cache: ./cache/cord-289305-mfjyjjer.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-289305-mfjyjjer.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-300320-07tdrd4w author: Siordia, Juan A. title: Systematic and Statistical Review of Coronavirus Disease 19 Treatment Trials date: 2020-07-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-300320-07tdrd4w.txt cache: ./cache/cord-300320-07tdrd4w.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-300320-07tdrd4w.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-280373-xhvhep84 author: Faust, A. title: Challenges and proposed solutions in making clinical research on COVID-19 ethical. A status quo analysis across German research ethics committees date: 2020-08-14 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-280373-xhvhep84.txt cache: ./cache/cord-280373-xhvhep84.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-280373-xhvhep84.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-300078-svu06v9c author: Haghani, Milad title: Covid-19 pandemic and the unprecedented mobilisation of scholarly efforts prompted by a health crisis: Scientometric comparisons across SARS, MERS and 2019-nCov literature date: 2020-06-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-300078-svu06v9c.txt cache: ./cache/cord-300078-svu06v9c.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-300078-svu06v9c.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-300176-lurzcliy author: van Mol, Margo M. C. title: Developing and testing a nurse-led intervention to support bereavement in relatives in the intensive care (BRIC study): a protocol of a pre-post intervention study date: 2020-08-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-300176-lurzcliy.txt cache: ./cache/cord-300176-lurzcliy.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-300176-lurzcliy.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-301393-d1duepnb author: Wolfensberger, Aline title: Implementation and evaluation of a care bundle for prevention of non-ventilator-associated hospital-acquired pneumonia (nvHAP) – a mixed-methods study protocol for a hybrid type 2 effectiveness-implementation trial date: 2020-08-17 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-301393-d1duepnb.txt cache: ./cache/cord-301393-d1duepnb.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-301393-d1duepnb.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-288052-qfjet2sa author: Paparini, Sara title: Case study research for better evaluations of complex interventions: rationale and challenges date: 2020-11-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-288052-qfjet2sa.txt cache: ./cache/cord-288052-qfjet2sa.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-288052-qfjet2sa.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-295806-imuk73xa author: Ramirez-Moreno, J. M. title: Mask-associated de novo headache in healthcare workers during the Covid-19 pandemic. date: 2020-08-11 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-295806-imuk73xa.txt cache: ./cache/cord-295806-imuk73xa.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-295806-imuk73xa.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023225-5quigar4 author: nan title: Posters date: 2012-08-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023225-5quigar4.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023225-5quigar4.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 9 resourceName b'cord-023225-5quigar4.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-288487-hs3wfffs author: Lambert, Stephen B title: The cost of community-managed viral respiratory illnesses in a cohort of healthy preschool-aged children date: 2008-01-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-288487-hs3wfffs.txt cache: ./cache/cord-288487-hs3wfffs.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-288487-hs3wfffs.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-268417-6eyetb5i author: Mandel, Benjamin title: Neutralization of Animal Viruses date: 1978-12-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-268417-6eyetb5i.txt cache: ./cache/cord-268417-6eyetb5i.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-268417-6eyetb5i.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-307263-znuqdzdp author: Sun, Niuniu title: A Qualitative Study on the Psychological Experience of Caregivers of COVID-19 Patients date: 2020-04-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-307263-znuqdzdp.txt cache: ./cache/cord-307263-znuqdzdp.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-307263-znuqdzdp.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-291540-raksomda author: nan title: July 2020 New in Review date: 2020-07-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-291540-raksomda.txt cache: ./cache/cord-291540-raksomda.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-291540-raksomda.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-287367-1sdt9zz8 author: Andrews, Denise title: Multiplex PCR point of care testing versus routine, laboratory-based testing in the treatment of adults with respiratory tract infections: a quasi-randomised study assessing impact on length of stay and antimicrobial use date: 2017-10-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-287367-1sdt9zz8.txt cache: ./cache/cord-287367-1sdt9zz8.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-287367-1sdt9zz8.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-286565-bmcsyfz9 author: Akdeniz, Gulsum title: A Survey of Attitudes, Anxiety Status, and Protective Behaviors of the University Students During the COVID-19 Outbreak in Turkey date: 2020-07-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-286565-bmcsyfz9.txt cache: ./cache/cord-286565-bmcsyfz9.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-286565-bmcsyfz9.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-280111-6hiuzkvz author: Maspero, Cinzia title: Available Technologies, Applications and Benefits of Teleorthodontics. A Literature Review and Possible Applications during the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-06-17 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-280111-6hiuzkvz.txt cache: ./cache/cord-280111-6hiuzkvz.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-280111-6hiuzkvz.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-015348-qt0worsl author: nan title: Abstract date: 2010-07-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-015348-qt0worsl.txt cache: ./cache/cord-015348-qt0worsl.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 6 resourceName b'cord-015348-qt0worsl.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023208-w99gc5nx author: nan title: Poster Presentation Abstracts date: 2006-09-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023208-w99gc5nx.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023208-w99gc5nx.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 7 resourceName b'cord-023208-w99gc5nx.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-309122-9dfyjpid author: Sato, Akiko title: Reviews on common objectives and evaluation indicators for risk communication activities from 2011 to 2017 date: 2020-08-25 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-309122-9dfyjpid.txt cache: ./cache/cord-309122-9dfyjpid.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-309122-9dfyjpid.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-286889-l765mxmy author: Stangeland, Paula A. title: Disaster Nursing: A Retrospective Review date: 2010-12-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-286889-l765mxmy.txt cache: ./cache/cord-286889-l765mxmy.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-286889-l765mxmy.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-304510-sfhwaqfr author: Henssler, Jonathan title: Mental health effects of infection containment strategies: quarantine and isolation—a systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2020-10-06 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-304510-sfhwaqfr.txt cache: ./cache/cord-304510-sfhwaqfr.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-304510-sfhwaqfr.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-287742-y1j9x5ne author: Lee, Kai Wei title: Stroke and Novel Coronavirus Infection in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis date: 2020-10-06 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-287742-y1j9x5ne.txt cache: ./cache/cord-287742-y1j9x5ne.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-287742-y1j9x5ne.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-293186-yxpkqbey author: Mamo, Yitagesu title: Perception Toward Quarantine for COVID-19 Among Adult Residents of Selected Towns in Southwest Ethiopia date: 2020-10-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-293186-yxpkqbey.txt cache: ./cache/cord-293186-yxpkqbey.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-293186-yxpkqbey.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-302833-6kntd89t author: Radonovich, Lewis J. title: The Respiratory Protection Effectiveness Clinical Trial (ResPECT): a cluster-randomized comparison of respirator and medical mask effectiveness against respiratory infections in healthcare personnel date: 2016-06-02 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-302833-6kntd89t.txt cache: ./cache/cord-302833-6kntd89t.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-302833-6kntd89t.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-310215-11srk6iq author: Bielinis, Ernest title: A Novel Anti-Environmental Forest Experience Scale to Predict Preferred Pleasantness Associated with Forest Environments date: 2020-09-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-310215-11srk6iq.txt cache: ./cache/cord-310215-11srk6iq.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-310215-11srk6iq.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-306391-g7dhwogk author: Fernando, Shannon M. title: Diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill adult patients—a systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2020-04-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-306391-g7dhwogk.txt cache: ./cache/cord-306391-g7dhwogk.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-306391-g7dhwogk.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-307758-a4sgt66g author: Hong, Ching-Ye title: Acute respiratory symptoms in adults in general practice date: 2004-06-17 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-307758-a4sgt66g.txt cache: ./cache/cord-307758-a4sgt66g.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-307758-a4sgt66g.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-308964-y18nru1d author: Couper, Keith title: COVID-19 in cardiac arrest and infection risk to rescuers: a systematic review date: 2020-04-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-308964-y18nru1d.txt cache: ./cache/cord-308964-y18nru1d.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-308964-y18nru1d.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-294005-gjrj1gvr author: Odei Erdiaw-Kwasie, Michael title: Citizen participation dilemmas in water governance: An empirical case of Kumasi, Ghana date: 2020-12-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-294005-gjrj1gvr.txt cache: ./cache/cord-294005-gjrj1gvr.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-294005-gjrj1gvr.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-274802-7ioiwsd8 author: Varghese, Praveen Mathews title: Host-pathogen interaction in COVID-19: Pathogenesis, potential therapeutics and vaccination strategies date: 2020-08-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-274802-7ioiwsd8.txt cache: ./cache/cord-274802-7ioiwsd8.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-274802-7ioiwsd8.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-316666-qif1k62t author: Ghati, Nirmal title: Atorvastatin and Aspirin as Adjuvant Therapy in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial date: 2020-10-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-316666-qif1k62t.txt cache: ./cache/cord-316666-qif1k62t.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-316666-qif1k62t.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-267132-nb0j6k3h author: Loveday, H.P. title: epic3: National Evidence-Based Guidelines for Preventing Healthcare-Associated Infections in NHS Hospitals in England date: 2013-12-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-267132-nb0j6k3h.txt cache: ./cache/cord-267132-nb0j6k3h.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 8 resourceName b'cord-267132-nb0j6k3h.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-298265-elbnzgx6 author: Mutua, Victoria title: A Review of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) in Disease: Potential Anti-NETs Therapeutics date: 2020-08-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-298265-elbnzgx6.txt cache: ./cache/cord-298265-elbnzgx6.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-298265-elbnzgx6.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-284332-p4c1fneh author: Bosma, Karen J. title: Pharmacotherapy for Prevention and Treatment of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Current and Experimental Approaches date: 2012-09-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-284332-p4c1fneh.txt cache: ./cache/cord-284332-p4c1fneh.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-284332-p4c1fneh.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-004879-pgyzluwp author: nan title: Programmed cell death date: 1994 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-004879-pgyzluwp.txt cache: ./cache/cord-004879-pgyzluwp.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-004879-pgyzluwp.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-286411-7sgr29xx author: Zhou, Zibanai title: Critical shifts in the global tourism industry: perspectives from Africa date: 2020-10-06 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-286411-7sgr29xx.txt cache: ./cache/cord-286411-7sgr29xx.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-286411-7sgr29xx.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-300465-19euup51 author: Paniagua-Avila, Alejandra title: Evaluating a multicomponent program to improve hypertension control in Guatemala: study protocol for an effectiveness-implementation cluster randomized trial date: 2020-06-09 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-300465-19euup51.txt cache: ./cache/cord-300465-19euup51.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-300465-19euup51.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-307038-c58mzcu9 author: Shukla, Nagesh title: A Review of Models Used for Investigating Barriers to Healthcare Access in Australia date: 2020-06-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-307038-c58mzcu9.txt cache: ./cache/cord-307038-c58mzcu9.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-307038-c58mzcu9.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-313783-cfcfiyju author: Pinna, Fábio de Rezende title: Olfaction and COVID: The little we Know and what else we need to know date: 2020-06-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-313783-cfcfiyju.txt cache: ./cache/cord-313783-cfcfiyju.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-313783-cfcfiyju.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-318092-errwp80i author: Ren, L. title: Assessment of Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine Safety Profiles: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis date: 2020-05-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-318092-errwp80i.txt cache: ./cache/cord-318092-errwp80i.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-318092-errwp80i.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-014527-nvzfpntu author: nan title: Research Communications of the 25th ECVIM‐CA Congress date: 2015-11-09 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-014527-nvzfpntu.txt cache: ./cache/cord-014527-nvzfpntu.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 9 resourceName b'cord-014527-nvzfpntu.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-301143-o12we0uw author: Andualem, Atsedemariam title: Adherence to Lifestyle Modifications and Associated Factors Among Adult Hypertensive Patients Attending Chronic Follow-Up Units of Dessie Referral Hospital, North East Ethiopia, 2020 date: 2020-10-23 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-301143-o12we0uw.txt cache: ./cache/cord-301143-o12we0uw.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-301143-o12we0uw.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-319504-jb455t9p author: Suess, Thorsten title: The role of facemasks and hand hygiene in the prevention of influenza transmission in households: results from a cluster randomised trial; Berlin, Germany, 2009-2011 date: 2012-01-26 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-319504-jb455t9p.txt cache: ./cache/cord-319504-jb455t9p.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-319504-jb455t9p.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-313616-81u4nidw author: Davis, G. S. title: Spatial and temporal analyses to investigate infectious disease transmission within healthcare settings date: 2014-04-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-313616-81u4nidw.txt cache: ./cache/cord-313616-81u4nidw.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-313616-81u4nidw.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-320931-2ycf6qd8 author: Harnett, Joanna title: The effects of Sambucus nigra berry on acute respiratory viral infections: a rapid review of clinical studies date: 2020-08-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-320931-2ycf6qd8.txt cache: ./cache/cord-320931-2ycf6qd8.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-320931-2ycf6qd8.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-301805-sb0ij8k7 author: Fuentes, Blanca title: Glycemic variability: prognostic impact on acute ischemic stroke and the impact of corrective treatment for hyperglycemia. The GLIAS-III translational study date: 2020-11-04 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-301805-sb0ij8k7.txt cache: ./cache/cord-301805-sb0ij8k7.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-301805-sb0ij8k7.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-303187-ny4qr2a2 author: Belo, Vinícius Silva title: Abundance, survival, recruitment and effectiveness of sterilization of free-roaming dogs: A capture and recapture study in Brazil date: 2017-11-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-303187-ny4qr2a2.txt cache: ./cache/cord-303187-ny4qr2a2.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-303187-ny4qr2a2.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-314288-6vh7dvad author: Leibovici, L. title: Submissions and publications in Corona times date: 2020-05-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-314288-6vh7dvad.txt cache: ./cache/cord-314288-6vh7dvad.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-314288-6vh7dvad.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-320976-y47p1c15 author: Madhwal, Sandeep title: Ambient bioaerosol distribution and associated health risks at a high traffic density junction at Dehradun city, India date: 2020-02-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-320976-y47p1c15.txt cache: ./cache/cord-320976-y47p1c15.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-320976-y47p1c15.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-310027-846vp7ii author: Ma, Lin-Lu title: Coronavirus Disease 2019 Related Clinical Studies: A Cross-Sectional Analysis date: 2020-09-02 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-310027-846vp7ii.txt cache: ./cache/cord-310027-846vp7ii.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-310027-846vp7ii.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-316126-j51dik7f author: Zhang, X. Sophie title: SARS-CoV-2 and Health Care Worker Protection in Low-Risk Settings: a Review of Modes of Transmission and a Novel Airborne Model Involving Inhalable Particles date: 2020-10-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-316126-j51dik7f.txt cache: ./cache/cord-316126-j51dik7f.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-316126-j51dik7f.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-318753-ribybqfo author: Kwok, C. S. title: Influenza, influenza‐like symptoms and their association with cardiovascular risks: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies date: 2015-05-04 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-318753-ribybqfo.txt cache: ./cache/cord-318753-ribybqfo.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-318753-ribybqfo.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-311260-eyvaazfj author: Rao, Ghanta N. title: Refinement of long-term toxicity and carcinogenesis studies() date: 2004-09-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-311260-eyvaazfj.txt cache: ./cache/cord-311260-eyvaazfj.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-311260-eyvaazfj.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-319323-1qt7vf59 author: Chakraborty, Amartya title: Around the world in 60 days: an exploratory study of impact of COVID-19 on online global news sentiment date: 2020-10-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-319323-1qt7vf59.txt cache: ./cache/cord-319323-1qt7vf59.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-319323-1qt7vf59.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-319642-ceur0n0b author: Hamdan Alshehri, Hanan title: Factors influencing the integration of a palliative approach in intensive care units: a systematic mixed-methods review date: 2020-07-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-319642-ceur0n0b.txt cache: ./cache/cord-319642-ceur0n0b.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-319642-ceur0n0b.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-328056-y5x80tuw author: Popescu, Corneliu P. title: Hydroxychloroquine-azithromycin for COVID-19 – Warranted or dangerous? date: 2020-05-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-328056-y5x80tuw.txt cache: ./cache/cord-328056-y5x80tuw.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-328056-y5x80tuw.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-303300-89v1weno author: Sauter, Marian title: Building, Hosting and Recruiting: A Brief Introduction to Running Behavioral Experiments Online date: 2020-04-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-303300-89v1weno.txt cache: ./cache/cord-303300-89v1weno.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-303300-89v1weno.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-327460-wvd8hnfi author: van der Watt, A. S. J. title: Distant mood monitoring for depressive and bipolar disorders: a systematic review date: 2020-07-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-327460-wvd8hnfi.txt cache: ./cache/cord-327460-wvd8hnfi.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-327460-wvd8hnfi.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-314908-kp2jznwb author: Roczniewska, Marta title: I believe I can craft! introducing Job Crafting Self-Efficacy Scale (JCSES) date: 2020-08-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-314908-kp2jznwb.txt cache: ./cache/cord-314908-kp2jznwb.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-314908-kp2jznwb.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-316746-toen5nvr author: Alves, F. title: Canine parvovirus: a predicting canine model for sepsis date: 2020-06-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-316746-toen5nvr.txt cache: ./cache/cord-316746-toen5nvr.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-316746-toen5nvr.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-327607-g0jtrwot author: Weinberg, Marc Scott title: Clinical Trials and Tribulations in the COVID-19 Era date: 2020-05-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-327607-g0jtrwot.txt cache: ./cache/cord-327607-g0jtrwot.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-327607-g0jtrwot.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-324006-y4bd38zz author: Rishu, Asgar H. title: Time required to initiate outbreak and pandemic observational research()() date: 2017-03-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-324006-y4bd38zz.txt cache: ./cache/cord-324006-y4bd38zz.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-324006-y4bd38zz.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-330573-rr2r8245 author: Stockmann, Helena title: CytoResc – “CytoSorb” Rescue for critically ill patients undergoing the COVID-19 Cytokine Storm: A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial date: 2020-06-26 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-330573-rr2r8245.txt cache: ./cache/cord-330573-rr2r8245.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-330573-rr2r8245.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-318342-eipscagh author: Chen, Juan title: The Impact of COVID-19 on Blood Glucose: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis date: 2020-10-05 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-318342-eipscagh.txt cache: ./cache/cord-318342-eipscagh.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-318342-eipscagh.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-318209-llucxztc author: Öztürk, Selçuk title: Therapeutic Applications of Stem Cells and Extracellular Vesicles in Emergency Care: Futuristic Perspectives date: 2020-08-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-318209-llucxztc.txt cache: ./cache/cord-318209-llucxztc.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-318209-llucxztc.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-002774-tpqsjjet author: nan title: Section II: Poster Sessions date: 2017-12-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-002774-tpqsjjet.txt cache: ./cache/cord-002774-tpqsjjet.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 8 resourceName b'cord-002774-tpqsjjet.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-320851-zhf8jdcl author: Patil, Satish title: Phosphonooxymethyl Prodrug of Triptolide: Synthesis, Physicochemical Characterization, and Efficacy in Human Colon Adenocarcinoma and Ovarian Cancer Xenografts date: 2015-11-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-320851-zhf8jdcl.txt cache: ./cache/cord-320851-zhf8jdcl.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-320851-zhf8jdcl.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-314449-ukqux772 author: Curtis, L.T. title: Prevention of hospital-acquired infections: review of non-pharmacological interventions date: 2008-06-02 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-314449-ukqux772.txt cache: ./cache/cord-314449-ukqux772.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-314449-ukqux772.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-315149-71bmj5il author: Caballero Bermejo, Antonio F. title: Sarilumab versus standard of care for the early treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia in hospitalized patients: SARTRE: a structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial date: 2020-09-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-315149-71bmj5il.txt cache: ./cache/cord-315149-71bmj5il.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-315149-71bmj5il.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-318063-bainw3d6 author: Haque, Mainul title: Health care-associated infections – an overview date: 2018-11-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-318063-bainw3d6.txt cache: ./cache/cord-318063-bainw3d6.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-318063-bainw3d6.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-320091-2lrqubdl author: Badawi, Alaa title: Prevalence of chronic comorbidities in dengue fever and West Nile virus: A systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2018-07-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-320091-2lrqubdl.txt cache: ./cache/cord-320091-2lrqubdl.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-320091-2lrqubdl.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-324453-gei7os7s author: Hura, Nanki title: Treatment of post‐viral olfactory dysfunction: an evidence‐based review with recommendations date: 2020-06-25 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-324453-gei7os7s.txt cache: ./cache/cord-324453-gei7os7s.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-324453-gei7os7s.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-320828-5ksho1bh author: Narchi, Hassib title: Nasopharyngeal Isolates from a Cohort of Medical Students with or without Pharyngitis date: 2020-10-05 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-320828-5ksho1bh.txt cache: ./cache/cord-320828-5ksho1bh.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-320828-5ksho1bh.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-321697-yua3apfi author: Crigna, Adriana Torres title: Cell-free nucleic acid patterns in disease prediction and monitoring—hype or hope? date: 2020-10-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-321697-yua3apfi.txt cache: ./cache/cord-321697-yua3apfi.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-321697-yua3apfi.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-324859-0yuhb5dl author: Mulchandani, Rubina title: Deciphering the COVID‐19 cytokine storm: Systematic review and meta‐analysis date: 2020-11-02 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-324859-0yuhb5dl.txt cache: ./cache/cord-324859-0yuhb5dl.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-324859-0yuhb5dl.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-328720-o9h1vquo author: Davis, Cristina E. title: Breath analysis for respiratory infections date: 2020-09-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-328720-o9h1vquo.txt cache: ./cache/cord-328720-o9h1vquo.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-328720-o9h1vquo.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-325512-eehp4uh9 author: Li, Yiwei title: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) related cytopenia: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2020-09-04 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-325512-eehp4uh9.txt cache: ./cache/cord-325512-eehp4uh9.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-325512-eehp4uh9.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-307202-iz1bo218 author: Shaw, Dominick title: Asthma date: 2014-05-02 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-307202-iz1bo218.txt cache: ./cache/cord-307202-iz1bo218.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-307202-iz1bo218.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-321827-e7zc44ca author: Halter, Mary title: The determinants and consequences of adult nursing staff turnover: a systematic review of systematic reviews date: 2017-12-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-321827-e7zc44ca.txt cache: ./cache/cord-321827-e7zc44ca.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-321827-e7zc44ca.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-321836-rbqqgekw author: Everest, T. title: Determination of agricultural land suitability with a multiple-criteria decision-making method in Northwestern Turkey date: 2020-08-06 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-321836-rbqqgekw.txt cache: ./cache/cord-321836-rbqqgekw.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-321836-rbqqgekw.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-324786-8k81jetq author: Chang, Anne B title: Antibiotics for bronchiectasis exacerbations in children: rationale and study protocol for a randomised placebo-controlled trial date: 2012-08-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-324786-8k81jetq.txt cache: ./cache/cord-324786-8k81jetq.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-324786-8k81jetq.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-328979-xfze12ah author: Monto, Arnold S title: Data resource profile: Household Influenza Vaccine Evaluation (HIVE) Study date: 2019-04-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-328979-xfze12ah.txt cache: ./cache/cord-328979-xfze12ah.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-328979-xfze12ah.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-325201-yoy7kdli author: Timsit, Jean-François title: Year in review in Intensive Care Medicine 2014: III. Severe infections, septic shock, healthcare-associated infections, highly resistant bacteria, invasive fungal infections, severe viral infections, Ebola virus disease and paediatrics date: 2015-03-26 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-325201-yoy7kdli.txt cache: ./cache/cord-325201-yoy7kdli.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-325201-yoy7kdli.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-015352-2d02eq3y author: nan title: ESPR 2017 date: 2017-04-26 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-015352-2d02eq3y.txt cache: ./cache/cord-015352-2d02eq3y.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 8 resourceName b'cord-015352-2d02eq3y.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-335055-gzuug3p5 author: Kwiyolecha, Elizabeth title: Patterns of viral pathogens causing upper respiratory tract infections among symptomatic children in Mwanza, Tanzania date: 2020-10-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-335055-gzuug3p5.txt cache: ./cache/cord-335055-gzuug3p5.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-335055-gzuug3p5.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-329723-74bhv8cr author: Debes, Jose D. title: COVID-19 and the liver: the perils of non-peer reviewed science in times of a pandemic date: 2020-04-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-329723-74bhv8cr.txt cache: ./cache/cord-329723-74bhv8cr.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-329723-74bhv8cr.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-335723-7wefotwe author: Johann, Alexandra title: The study protocol: Neuroendocrinology and (epi-) genetics of female reproductive transition phase mood disorder - an observational, longitudinal study from pregnancy to postpartum date: 2020-10-09 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-335723-7wefotwe.txt cache: ./cache/cord-335723-7wefotwe.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-335723-7wefotwe.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-331487-jh34klbg author: Sivapalan, Pradeesh title: Proactive Prophylaxis With Azithromycin and HydroxyChloroquine in Hospitalised Patients With COVID-19 (ProPAC-COVID): A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial date: 2020-06-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-331487-jh34klbg.txt cache: ./cache/cord-331487-jh34klbg.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-331487-jh34klbg.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-323910-lms3xw4k author: Putman, Michael title: Antirheumatic Disease Therapies for the Treatment of COVID‐19: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis date: 2020-08-02 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-323910-lms3xw4k.txt cache: ./cache/cord-323910-lms3xw4k.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-323910-lms3xw4k.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-332559-2r2gavbq author: Kajdy, Anna title: Risk factors for anxiety and depression among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic: A web-based cross-sectional survey date: 2020-07-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-332559-2r2gavbq.txt cache: ./cache/cord-332559-2r2gavbq.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-332559-2r2gavbq.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-336306-hvy9ukhh author: Zhu, Jieyun title: Clinical characteristics of 3,062 COVID‐19 patients: a meta‐analysis date: 2020-04-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-336306-hvy9ukhh.txt cache: ./cache/cord-336306-hvy9ukhh.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-336306-hvy9ukhh.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-334180-aqw9snt7 author: Doll, Julian title: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound for determining muscular perfusion after oral intake of L-citrulline, L-arginine, and galloylated epicatechines: A study protocol date: 2020-10-09 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-334180-aqw9snt7.txt cache: ./cache/cord-334180-aqw9snt7.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-334180-aqw9snt7.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-327967-cuy254tf author: Pierce John, P. title: Real-world exposure to graphic warning labels on cigarette packages in US smokers: The CASA randomized trial protocol date: 2020-09-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-327967-cuy254tf.txt cache: ./cache/cord-327967-cuy254tf.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-327967-cuy254tf.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-323463-osf6t7cw author: Cercenado, Emilia title: Update on bacterial pathogens: virulence and resistance date: 2008-04-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-323463-osf6t7cw.txt cache: ./cache/cord-323463-osf6t7cw.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-323463-osf6t7cw.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-329313-tlbjw5kn author: Crilly, Philip title: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials of Telehealth and Digital Technology Use by Community Pharmacists to Improve Public Health date: 2020-08-04 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-329313-tlbjw5kn.txt cache: ./cache/cord-329313-tlbjw5kn.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-329313-tlbjw5kn.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-317344-wznzmssz author: Iannitti, T. title: Therapeutical use of probiotic formulations in clinical practice date: 2010-06-23 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-317344-wznzmssz.txt cache: ./cache/cord-317344-wznzmssz.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-317344-wznzmssz.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-005147-mvoq9vln author: nan title: Autorenregister date: 2017-02-23 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-005147-mvoq9vln.txt cache: ./cache/cord-005147-mvoq9vln.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 8 resourceName b'cord-005147-mvoq9vln.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-335109-czheponh author: Meidenbauer, Kimberly L. title: The Affective Benefits of Nature Exposure: What’s Nature Got to Do with It? date: 2020-09-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-335109-czheponh.txt cache: ./cache/cord-335109-czheponh.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-335109-czheponh.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-326004-wg47sd06 author: Wilson, Patrick T title: Respiratory Pathogens in Children 1 Month to 5 Years of Age Presenting With Undifferentiated Acute Respiratory Distress in 2 District-Level Hospitals in Ghana date: 2018-09-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-326004-wg47sd06.txt cache: ./cache/cord-326004-wg47sd06.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-326004-wg47sd06.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-334711-58ygbyiz author: Hernández-Sánchez, Brizeida Raquel title: Psychological Factors that Lessen the Impact of COVID-19 on the Self-Employment Intention of Business Administration and Economics’ Students from Latin America date: 2020-07-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-334711-58ygbyiz.txt cache: ./cache/cord-334711-58ygbyiz.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-334711-58ygbyiz.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-015024-2xzc0uc5 author: nan title: ESICM 2010 WEDNESDAY SESSIONS 13 October 2010 date: 2010-08-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-015024-2xzc0uc5.txt cache: ./cache/cord-015024-2xzc0uc5.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 9 resourceName b'cord-015024-2xzc0uc5.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-338730-49ai51ah author: Baashar, Yahia title: Customer relationship management systems (CRMS) in the healthcare environment: A systematic literature review date: 2020-08-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-338730-49ai51ah.txt cache: ./cache/cord-338730-49ai51ah.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-338730-49ai51ah.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-342210-r8vxz5vu author: Mukherjee, Pranab K. title: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial to assess the safety and effectiveness of a novel dual-action oral topical formulation against upper respiratory infections date: 2017-01-14 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-342210-r8vxz5vu.txt cache: ./cache/cord-342210-r8vxz5vu.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-342210-r8vxz5vu.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-324635-27q3nxte author: Bouza, Emilio title: The situation of infection in the elderly in Spain: a multidisciplinary opinion document date: 2020-09-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-324635-27q3nxte.txt cache: ./cache/cord-324635-27q3nxte.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-324635-27q3nxte.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-003532-lcgeingz author: nan title: 39th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine: Brussels, Belgium, 19-22 March 2019 date: 2019-03-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-003532-lcgeingz.txt cache: ./cache/cord-003532-lcgeingz.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 7 resourceName b'cord-003532-lcgeingz.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-324981-teywszlm author: Eccles, Ron title: Efficacy and safety of an antiviral Iota-Carrageenan nasal spray: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled exploratory study in volunteers with early symptoms of the common cold date: 2010-08-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-324981-teywszlm.txt cache: ./cache/cord-324981-teywszlm.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-324981-teywszlm.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-338741-gy3ovkrt author: Sethi, Atin title: Evaluation of Current Therapies for COVID-19 Treatment date: 2020-07-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-338741-gy3ovkrt.txt cache: ./cache/cord-338741-gy3ovkrt.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-338741-gy3ovkrt.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-329344-06uk5sjp author: Neumann-Podczaska, Agnieszka title: COVID 19 - Clinical Picture in the Elderly Population: A Qualitative Systematic Review date: 2020-07-23 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-329344-06uk5sjp.txt cache: ./cache/cord-329344-06uk5sjp.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-329344-06uk5sjp.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-330994-6nu7utu1 author: Abdelrheem, Doaa A. title: The inhibitory effect of some natural bioactive compounds against SARS-CoV-2 main protease: insights from molecular docking analysis and molecular dynamic simulation date: 2020-10-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-330994-6nu7utu1.txt cache: ./cache/cord-330994-6nu7utu1.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-330994-6nu7utu1.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-345108-gtp36snr author: Al-Ani, Raid M. title: Prevalence of Anosmia and Ageusia in Patients with COVID-19 at a Primary Health Center, Doha, Qatar date: 2020-08-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-345108-gtp36snr.txt cache: ./cache/cord-345108-gtp36snr.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-345108-gtp36snr.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-337663-ow1l18li author: Qu, Liang G. title: Scoping review: hotspots for COVID-19 urological research: what is being published and from where? date: 2020-09-09 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-337663-ow1l18li.txt cache: ./cache/cord-337663-ow1l18li.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-337663-ow1l18li.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-006880-9dgmdtj8 author: nan title: Neurocritical Care Society 10th Annual Meeting: October 4 - 7, 2012 Sheraton Denver Downtown Hotel Denver, Colorado date: 2012-09-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-006880-9dgmdtj8.txt cache: ./cache/cord-006880-9dgmdtj8.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 6 resourceName b'cord-006880-9dgmdtj8.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-344075-ucd6ooob author: Bartoszek, Adrian title: Mental Well-Being (Depression, Loneliness, Insomnia, Daily Life Fatigue) during COVID-19 Related Home-Confinement—A Study from Poland date: 2020-10-12 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-344075-ucd6ooob.txt cache: ./cache/cord-344075-ucd6ooob.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-344075-ucd6ooob.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-337316-ialg7d7e author: Cori, Liliana title: Risk Perception of Air Pollution: A Systematic Review Focused on Particulate Matter Exposure date: 2020-09-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-337316-ialg7d7e.txt cache: ./cache/cord-337316-ialg7d7e.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-337316-ialg7d7e.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-331675-ipryt7o7 author: Itzchakov, Guy title: Can high quality listening predict lower speakers' prejudiced attitudes?() date: 2020-08-06 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-331675-ipryt7o7.txt cache: ./cache/cord-331675-ipryt7o7.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-331675-ipryt7o7.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-333340-ekok0mp5 author: Graf, Erin H. title: Appropriate Use and Future Directions of Molecular Diagnostic Testing date: 2020-02-06 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-333340-ekok0mp5.txt cache: ./cache/cord-333340-ekok0mp5.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-333340-ekok0mp5.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-006860-a3b8hyyr author: nan title: 40th Annual Meeting of the GTH (Gesellschaft für Thrombose- und Hämostaseforschung) date: 1996 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-006860-a3b8hyyr.txt cache: ./cache/cord-006860-a3b8hyyr.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 9 resourceName b'cord-006860-a3b8hyyr.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-336131-7xqi1mnx author: Gupta, Manika title: Preclinical Studies of MSC-Derived Extracellular Vesicles to Treat or Prevent Graft Versus Host Disease: a Systematic Review of the Literature date: 2020-11-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-336131-7xqi1mnx.txt cache: ./cache/cord-336131-7xqi1mnx.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-336131-7xqi1mnx.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-338889-7hd3iibk author: Solbakk, Jan Helge title: Back to WHAT? The role of research ethics in pandemic times date: 2020-11-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-338889-7hd3iibk.txt cache: ./cache/cord-338889-7hd3iibk.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-338889-7hd3iibk.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-345611-xv62h83a author: Cavalcanti, A. B. title: Hydroxychloroquine alone or in combination with azithromycin to prevent major clinical events in hospitalised patients with coronavirus infection (COVID-19): rationale and design of a randomised, controlled clinical trial date: 2020-05-26 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-345611-xv62h83a.txt cache: ./cache/cord-345611-xv62h83a.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-345611-xv62h83a.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-347207-1u4i6qmc author: Almomani, Huda Y. title: Randomised controlled trial of pharmacist-led patient counselling in controlling hypoglycaemic attacks in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (rose-adam): A study protocol date: 2020-07-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-347207-1u4i6qmc.txt cache: ./cache/cord-347207-1u4i6qmc.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-347207-1u4i6qmc.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-333801-4pjdutgg author: Awaisu, Ahmed title: Research Designs and Methodologies Related to Pharmacy Practice date: 2019-12-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-333801-4pjdutgg.txt cache: ./cache/cord-333801-4pjdutgg.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-333801-4pjdutgg.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-346327-dgpkiqgu author: Ferriss, J. Stuart title: Systematic Review of Intraoperative Assessment Tools in Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery date: 2020-10-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-346327-dgpkiqgu.txt cache: ./cache/cord-346327-dgpkiqgu.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-346327-dgpkiqgu.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-348490-dqabq6d8 author: Maeder, Muriel N. title: Sickle-cell disease in febrile children living in a rural village of Madagascar and association with malaria and respiratory infections date: 2016-12-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-348490-dqabq6d8.txt cache: ./cache/cord-348490-dqabq6d8.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-348490-dqabq6d8.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-345086-vq4ei1do author: Johnston, Marjorie C. title: Physical Disease and Resilient Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Resilience Definitions and Study Methods date: 2015-04-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-345086-vq4ei1do.txt cache: ./cache/cord-345086-vq4ei1do.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-345086-vq4ei1do.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-344902-bittqpyo author: Scott, Jennifer title: A systematic review of the physical activity levels of acutely ill older adults in Hospital At Home settings: an under-researched field date: 2020-10-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-344902-bittqpyo.txt cache: ./cache/cord-344902-bittqpyo.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-344902-bittqpyo.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-340284-xo7q4dqr author: Pappa, Sofia title: Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and insomnia among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2020-05-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-340284-xo7q4dqr.txt cache: ./cache/cord-340284-xo7q4dqr.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-340284-xo7q4dqr.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-326785-le2t1l8g author: nan title: Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. 163rd meeting, 3–5 July 1991 date: 2005-06-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-326785-le2t1l8g.txt cache: ./cache/cord-326785-le2t1l8g.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-326785-le2t1l8g.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-344498-mwgccbfo author: Casado-Aranda, Luis-Alberto title: Analysis of the Scientific Production of the Effect of COVID-19 on the Environment: A Bibliometric Study date: 2020-11-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-344498-mwgccbfo.txt cache: ./cache/cord-344498-mwgccbfo.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-344498-mwgccbfo.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-330831-3b7vfv9b author: Hao, Fengyi title: A quantitative and qualitative study on the neuropsychiatric sequelae of acutely ill COVID-19 inpatients in isolation facilities date: 2020-10-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-330831-3b7vfv9b.txt cache: ./cache/cord-330831-3b7vfv9b.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-330831-3b7vfv9b.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-335251-w6k4fnpo author: Nielsen, Morten Birkeland title: Organizational Prevention and Management Strategies for Workplace Aggression Among Child Protection Workers: A Project Protocol for the Oslo Workplace Aggression Survey (OWAS) date: 2020-06-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-335251-w6k4fnpo.txt cache: ./cache/cord-335251-w6k4fnpo.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-335251-w6k4fnpo.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-343844-xe9tdjrm author: Guaiana, Giuseppe title: A Systematic Review of the Use of Telepsychiatry in Depression date: 2020-10-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-343844-xe9tdjrm.txt cache: ./cache/cord-343844-xe9tdjrm.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-343844-xe9tdjrm.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-329999-flzqm3wh author: Buchanan, Tom title: Why do people spread false information online? The effects of message and viewer characteristics on self-reported likelihood of sharing social media disinformation date: 2020-10-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-329999-flzqm3wh.txt cache: ./cache/cord-329999-flzqm3wh.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-329999-flzqm3wh.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-334849-8rblgq9b author: LoPresti, Marissa title: The Role of Host Genetic Factors in Coronavirus Susceptibility: Review of Animal and Systematic Review of Human Literature date: 2020-08-12 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-334849-8rblgq9b.txt cache: ./cache/cord-334849-8rblgq9b.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-334849-8rblgq9b.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-345454-r1ymzk6n author: Levesque, J. title: A note on COVID-19 seroprevalence studies: a meta-analysis using hierarchical modelling date: 2020-05-06 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-345454-r1ymzk6n.txt cache: ./cache/cord-345454-r1ymzk6n.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-345454-r1ymzk6n.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-341745-2txzi7kb author: Singh, S. title: Efficacy and Safety of Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine for COVID-19: A systematic review date: 2020-05-26 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-341745-2txzi7kb.txt cache: ./cache/cord-341745-2txzi7kb.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-341745-2txzi7kb.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-014533-6qfecv5h author: Velasquez, T. title: ESICM LIVES 2016: part three: Milan, Italy. 1–5 October 2016 date: 2016-09-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-014533-6qfecv5h.txt cache: ./cache/cord-014533-6qfecv5h.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 10 resourceName b'cord-014533-6qfecv5h.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-348570-plds5kbn author: Buneviciene, Inesa title: Can mHealth interventions improve quality of life of cancer patients? A systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2020-10-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-348570-plds5kbn.txt cache: ./cache/cord-348570-plds5kbn.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-348570-plds5kbn.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-350424-gwkxxkuu author: Cleland, Brice T. title: Feasibility and Safety of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in an Outpatient Rehabilitation Setting After Stroke date: 2020-10-09 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-350424-gwkxxkuu.txt cache: ./cache/cord-350424-gwkxxkuu.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-350424-gwkxxkuu.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-015368-a0qz4tb9 author: nan title: 48th Annual Meeting of the Austrian Society of Surgery, Graz, June 7–9, 2007 date: 2007 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-015368-a0qz4tb9.txt cache: ./cache/cord-015368-a0qz4tb9.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 9 resourceName b'cord-015368-a0qz4tb9.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-005816-i54q5gsu author: nan title: 10(th) European Congress of Trauma and Emergency Surgery: May 13–17, 2009 Antalya, Turkey date: 2009-08-06 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-005816-i54q5gsu.txt cache: ./cache/cord-005816-i54q5gsu.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 10 resourceName b'cord-005816-i54q5gsu.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-336934-57kbz29c author: Kesteman, Thomas title: Investigating Pneumonia Etiology Among Refugees and the Lebanese population (PEARL): A study protocol date: 2019-06-13 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-336934-57kbz29c.txt cache: ./cache/cord-336934-57kbz29c.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-336934-57kbz29c.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-011062-ukz4hnmy author: nan title: Poster date: 2020-03-11 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-011062-ukz4hnmy.txt cache: ./cache/cord-011062-ukz4hnmy.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 9 resourceName b'cord-011062-ukz4hnmy.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-014996-p6q0f37c author: nan title: Posters_Monday_12 October 2009 date: 2009-08-06 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-014996-p6q0f37c.txt cache: ./cache/cord-014996-p6q0f37c.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 10 resourceName b'cord-014996-p6q0f37c.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-340128-qxkopvot author: Schreibauer, Elena Christina title: Work-Related Psychosocial Stress in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: An Integrative Review date: 2020-10-13 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-340128-qxkopvot.txt cache: ./cache/cord-340128-qxkopvot.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-340128-qxkopvot.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-341097-c96hm610 author: Mayer, Craig S. title: Analysis of data dictionary formats of HIV clinical trials date: 2020-10-05 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-341097-c96hm610.txt cache: ./cache/cord-341097-c96hm610.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-341097-c96hm610.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-349161-4899cq99 author: Whiting, Penny F title: Graphical presentation of diagnostic information date: 2008-04-11 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-349161-4899cq99.txt cache: ./cache/cord-349161-4899cq99.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-349161-4899cq99.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-351734-wjvhu1qg author: Kassaw, Chalachew title: The Current Mental Health Crisis of COVID-19 Pandemic Among Communities Living in Gedeo Zone Dilla, SNNP, Ethiopia, April 2020 date: 2020-08-25 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-351734-wjvhu1qg.txt cache: ./cache/cord-351734-wjvhu1qg.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-351734-wjvhu1qg.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-352364-yj31uwiu author: El Morr, Christo title: Effectiveness of ICT-based intimate partner violence interventions: a systematic review date: 2020-09-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-352364-yj31uwiu.txt cache: ./cache/cord-352364-yj31uwiu.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-352364-yj31uwiu.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-350565-mejd7blb author: Lewnard, Joseph A title: Emerging Challenges and Opportunities in Infectious Disease Epidemiology date: 2019-03-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-350565-mejd7blb.txt cache: ./cache/cord-350565-mejd7blb.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-350565-mejd7blb.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-352969-rpt7xja6 author: Kataria, Ashish title: COVID-19 in Kidney Transplantation: Epidemiology, Management Considerations, and the Impact on Kidney Transplant Practice date: 2020-07-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-352969-rpt7xja6.txt cache: ./cache/cord-352969-rpt7xja6.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-352969-rpt7xja6.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-348841-qxkmngyk author: Kozakiewicz, Christopher P. title: Pathogens in space: Advancing understanding of pathogen dynamics and disease ecology through landscape genetics date: 2018-07-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-348841-qxkmngyk.txt cache: ./cache/cord-348841-qxkmngyk.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 2 resourceName b'cord-348841-qxkmngyk.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-344988-09vpehvf author: Overbeck, Silke title: Modulating the immune response by oral zinc supplementation: a single approach for multiple diseases date: 2008-02-05 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-344988-09vpehvf.txt cache: ./cache/cord-344988-09vpehvf.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-344988-09vpehvf.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-006182-kck5e1ry author: nan title: 17th Annual Meeting, Neurocritical Care Society, October 15–18, 2019, Vancouver, Canada date: 2019-10-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-006182-kck5e1ry.txt cache: ./cache/cord-006182-kck5e1ry.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 7 resourceName b'cord-006182-kck5e1ry.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-349474-pprxwij6 author: Elshami, Wiam title: The radiology workforce’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the Middle East, North Africa and India date: 2020-09-23 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-349474-pprxwij6.txt cache: ./cache/cord-349474-pprxwij6.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-349474-pprxwij6.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-356116-c40e3zp7 author: Savory, Eric title: Western Cold and Flu (WeCoF) aerosol study – preliminary results date: 2014-08-23 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-356116-c40e3zp7.txt cache: ./cache/cord-356116-c40e3zp7.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-356116-c40e3zp7.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-353876-pb4of7s9 author: Fortaleza, Carlos Magno Castelo Branco title: Evidence, rationality, and ignorance: Agnotological issues in COVID-19 science date: 2020-09-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-353876-pb4of7s9.txt cache: ./cache/cord-353876-pb4of7s9.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-353876-pb4of7s9.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-352040-zmkjine7 author: Dominski, Fábio Hech title: Psychological variables of CrossFit participants: a systematic review date: 2020-08-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-352040-zmkjine7.txt cache: ./cache/cord-352040-zmkjine7.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-352040-zmkjine7.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-351530-crsii3pu author: Zhao, Fuqiang title: Caring for the Caregiver during COVID-19 Outbreak: Does Inclusive Leadership Improve Psychological Safety and Curb Psychological Distress? A Cross-sectional Study date: 2020-07-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-351530-crsii3pu.txt cache: ./cache/cord-351530-crsii3pu.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-351530-crsii3pu.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-354216-4khdcjed author: Sultan, Shahnaz title: AGA Institute Rapid Review of the GI and Liver Manifestations of COVID-19, Meta-Analysis of International Data, and Recommendations for the Consultative Management of Patients with COVID-19 date: 2020-05-11 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-354216-4khdcjed.txt cache: ./cache/cord-354216-4khdcjed.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-354216-4khdcjed.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-354306-zbkgabl2 author: Pennycook, Gordon title: Fighting COVID-19 Misinformation on Social Media: Experimental Evidence for a Scalable Accuracy-Nudge Intervention date: 2020-06-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-354306-zbkgabl2.txt cache: ./cache/cord-354306-zbkgabl2.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-354306-zbkgabl2.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-004894-75w35fkd author: nan title: Abstract date: 2006-06-14 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-004894-75w35fkd.txt cache: ./cache/cord-004894-75w35fkd.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 9 resourceName b'cord-004894-75w35fkd.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-346098-gj10adoq author: Oh, Ga-Eun (Grace) title: When dessert comes close: The effects of anticipating indulgent consumption and dietary restraint on healthy food preference at restaurants date: 2020-07-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-346098-gj10adoq.txt cache: ./cache/cord-346098-gj10adoq.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-346098-gj10adoq.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-354592-vqws942c author: Cauvin, Annick J. title: Advantages and Limitations of Commonly Used Nonhuman Primate Species in Research and Development of Biopharmaceuticals date: 2015-03-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-354592-vqws942c.txt cache: ./cache/cord-354592-vqws942c.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-354592-vqws942c.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-348994-ly2fop7d author: Faustini, Annunziata title: Attributable Risk to Assess the Health Impact of Air Pollution: Advances, Controversies, State of the Art and Future Needs date: 2020-06-23 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-348994-ly2fop7d.txt cache: ./cache/cord-348994-ly2fop7d.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-348994-ly2fop7d.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-354491-23cjm86c author: Muller, A. E. title: The mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic onhealthcare workers, and interventions to help them: a rapid systematic review date: 2020-07-04 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-354491-23cjm86c.txt cache: ./cache/cord-354491-23cjm86c.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 3 resourceName b'cord-354491-23cjm86c.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-353528-8a3f5hxu author: Levy, Oren title: Shattering barriers toward clinically meaningful MSC therapies date: 2020-07-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-353528-8a3f5hxu.txt cache: ./cache/cord-353528-8a3f5hxu.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-353528-8a3f5hxu.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-353787-24c98ug8 author: Jackson, J. A. title: Immunology in wild nonmodel rodents: an ecological context for studies of health and disease date: 2015-04-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-353787-24c98ug8.txt cache: ./cache/cord-353787-24c98ug8.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-353787-24c98ug8.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-336000-v88bq4bx author: Barco, Stefano title: Enoxaparin for primary thromboprophylaxis in ambulatory patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (the OVID study): a structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial date: 2020-09-09 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-336000-v88bq4bx.txt cache: ./cache/cord-336000-v88bq4bx.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-336000-v88bq4bx.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-335141-ag3j8obh author: Higgins, G.C. title: FFP3 reusable respirators for COVID-19; adequate and suitable in the healthcare setting date: 2020-06-30 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-335141-ag3j8obh.txt cache: ./cache/cord-335141-ag3j8obh.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-335141-ag3j8obh.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-338332-msjtncek author: Sharifian, Neika title: Social Relationships and Adaptation in Later Life date: 2020-09-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-338332-msjtncek.txt cache: ./cache/cord-338332-msjtncek.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-338332-msjtncek.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-355318-qm79gz8w author: Smit, Albertus J. title: Winter Is Coming: A Southern Hemisphere Perspective of the Environmental Drivers of SARS-CoV-2 and the Potential Seasonality of COVID-19 date: 2020-08-05 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-355318-qm79gz8w.txt cache: ./cache/cord-355318-qm79gz8w.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 4 resourceName b'cord-355318-qm79gz8w.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-014464-m5n250r2 author: Sole-Violan, J title: Lethal influenza virus A H1N1 infection in two relatives with autosomal dominant GATA-2 deficiency date: 2013-03-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-014464-m5n250r2.txt cache: ./cache/cord-014464-m5n250r2.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 31 resourceName b'cord-014464-m5n250r2.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-022889-lv6fy6e6 author: Dávalos, Alberto title: Literature review of baseline information on non‐coding RNA (ncRNA) to support the risk assessment of ncRNA‐based genetically modified plants for food and feed date: 2019-08-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-022889-lv6fy6e6.txt cache: ./cache/cord-022889-lv6fy6e6.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 7 resourceName b'cord-022889-lv6fy6e6.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-014687-0am4l5ms author: nan title: SPR 2012 date: 2012-03-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-014687-0am4l5ms.txt cache: ./cache/cord-014687-0am4l5ms.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 16 resourceName b'cord-014687-0am4l5ms.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-004584-bcw90f5b author: nan title: Abstracts: 8th EBSA European Biophysics Congress, August 23rd–27th 2011, Budapest, Hungary date: 2011-08-06 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-004584-bcw90f5b.txt cache: ./cache/cord-004584-bcw90f5b.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 11 resourceName b'cord-004584-bcw90f5b.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-320172-qw47pf9r author: Greaves, Peter title: VII Digestive System 1 date: 2000-12-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-320172-qw47pf9r.txt cache: ./cache/cord-320172-qw47pf9r.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 5 resourceName b'cord-320172-qw47pf9r.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-019490-m1cuuehi author: nan title: Abstracts cont. date: 2015-12-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-019490-m1cuuehi.txt cache: ./cache/cord-019490-m1cuuehi.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 10 resourceName b'cord-019490-m1cuuehi.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-005727-li8pwigg author: nan title: ESICM 2010 MONDAY SESSIONS 11 October 2010 date: 2010-08-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-005727-li8pwigg.txt cache: ./cache/cord-005727-li8pwigg.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 9 resourceName b'cord-005727-li8pwigg.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-352844-wggg3ynb author: Annunziata, Francesca title: An Overview of Coumarin as a Versatile and Readily Accessible Scaffold with Broad-Ranging Biological Activities date: 2020-06-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-352844-wggg3ynb.txt cache: ./cache/cord-352844-wggg3ynb.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 7 resourceName b'cord-352844-wggg3ynb.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-001221-due9tloa author: nan title: ECR 2014, Part A date: 2014-02-27 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-001221-due9tloa.txt cache: ./cache/cord-001221-due9tloa.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 7 resourceName b'cord-001221-due9tloa.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-007890-bie1veti author: nan title: ECC-4 Abstracts date: 2002-04-16 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-007890-bie1veti.txt cache: ./cache/cord-007890-bie1veti.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 11 resourceName b'cord-007890-bie1veti.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023209-un2ysc2v author: nan title: Poster Presentations date: 2008-10-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023209-un2ysc2v.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023209-un2ysc2v.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 9 resourceName b'cord-023209-un2ysc2v.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-005497-w81ysjf9 author: nan title: 40th International Symposium on Intensive Care & Emergency Medicine: Brussels, Belgium. 24-27 March 2020 date: 2020-03-24 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-005497-w81ysjf9.txt cache: ./cache/cord-005497-w81ysjf9.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 17 resourceName b'cord-005497-w81ysjf9.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-005105-twsy61oq author: nan title: SIU 2015 Abstracts date: 2015-09-21 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-005105-twsy61oq.txt cache: ./cache/cord-005105-twsy61oq.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 21 resourceName b'cord-005105-twsy61oq.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-000083-3p81yr4n author: nan title: Poster Exhibition date: 2009-01-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-000083-3p81yr4n.txt cache: ./cache/cord-000083-3p81yr4n.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 10 resourceName b'cord-000083-3p81yr4n.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-006229-7yoilsho author: nan title: Abstracts of the 82(nd) Annual Meeting of the German Society for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (DGPT) and the 18(th) Annual Meeting of the Network Clinical Pharmacology Germany (VKliPha) in cooperation with the Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Angewandte Humanpharmakologie e.V. (AGAH) date: 2016-02-06 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-006229-7yoilsho.txt cache: ./cache/cord-006229-7yoilsho.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 12 resourceName b'cord-006229-7yoilsho.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-019347-tj3ye1mx author: nan title: ABSTRACT BOOK date: 2010-02-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-019347-tj3ye1mx.txt cache: ./cache/cord-019347-tj3ye1mx.txt Content-Encoding ISO-8859-1 Content-Type text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 8 resourceName b'cord-019347-tj3ye1mx.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-001835-0s7ok4uw author: nan title: Abstracts of the 29th Annual Symposium of The Protein Society date: 2015-10-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-001835-0s7ok4uw.txt cache: ./cache/cord-001835-0s7ok4uw.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 10 resourceName b'cord-001835-0s7ok4uw.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-004534-jqm1hxps author: nan title: Abstract date: 2009-06-09 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-004534-jqm1hxps.txt cache: ./cache/cord-004534-jqm1hxps.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 13 resourceName b'cord-004534-jqm1hxps.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-006870-f5w6fw6q author: nan title: Abstracts Presented at the Neurocritical Care Society (NCS) 15th Annual Meeting date: 2017-09-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-006870-f5w6fw6q.txt cache: ./cache/cord-006870-f5w6fw6q.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 8 resourceName b'cord-006870-f5w6fw6q.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-006230-xta38e7j author: nan title: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie e.V. date: 2012-02-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-006230-xta38e7j.txt cache: ./cache/cord-006230-xta38e7j.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 13 resourceName b'cord-006230-xta38e7j.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-022650-phsr10jp author: nan title: Abstracts TPS date: 2018-08-14 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-022650-phsr10jp.txt cache: ./cache/cord-022650-phsr10jp.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 19 resourceName b'cord-022650-phsr10jp.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-000977-ka4261wc author: nan title: ECR 2013 Book of Abstracts - B - Scientific Sessions date: 2013-03-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-000977-ka4261wc.txt cache: ./cache/cord-000977-ka4261wc.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 20 resourceName b'cord-000977-ka4261wc.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-010980-sizuef1v author: nan title: ECTES Abstracts 2020 date: 2020-05-11 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-010980-sizuef1v.txt cache: ./cache/cord-010980-sizuef1v.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 12 resourceName b'cord-010980-sizuef1v.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-008777-i2reanan author: nan title: ECB12: 12th European Congess on Biotechnology date: 2005-07-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-008777-i2reanan.txt cache: ./cache/cord-008777-i2reanan.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 14 resourceName b'cord-008777-i2reanan.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-335975-m6lkrehi author: nan title: Proceedings of Réanimation 2018, the French Intensive Care Society International Congress date: 2018-02-05 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-335975-m6lkrehi.txt cache: ./cache/cord-335975-m6lkrehi.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 27 resourceName b'cord-335975-m6lkrehi.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023364-ut56gczm author: nan title: EDUCATION DAY MONDAY: PLENARY SESSION 1 MONDAY: PARALLEL SESSIONS date: 2005-06-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023364-ut56gczm.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023364-ut56gczm.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 12 resourceName b'cord-023364-ut56gczm.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023354-f2ciho6o author: nan title: TUESDAY PLENARY SESSION 3 TUESDAY: POSTERS date: 2005-06-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023354-f2ciho6o.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023354-f2ciho6o.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 11 resourceName b'cord-023354-f2ciho6o.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023346-8sqbqjm1 author: nan title: MONDAY: POSTERS date: 2005-06-08 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023346-8sqbqjm1.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023346-8sqbqjm1.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 12 resourceName b'cord-023346-8sqbqjm1.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-022501-9wnmdvg5 author: nan title: P1460 – P1884 date: 2015-12-28 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-022501-9wnmdvg5.txt cache: ./cache/cord-022501-9wnmdvg5.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 10 resourceName b'cord-022501-9wnmdvg5.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-355038-o2hr5mox author: nan title: Proceedings of Réanimation 2020, the French Intensive Care Society International Congress date: 2020-02-11 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-355038-o2hr5mox.txt cache: ./cache/cord-355038-o2hr5mox.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 10 resourceName b'cord-355038-o2hr5mox.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023157-0lqlx2rv author: nan title: Poster Sessions date: 2013-04-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023157-0lqlx2rv.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023157-0lqlx2rv.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 11 resourceName b'cord-023157-0lqlx2rv.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023026-2r84ndzv author: nan title: Posters date: 2013-06-14 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023026-2r84ndzv.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023026-2r84ndzv.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 10 resourceName b'cord-023026-2r84ndzv.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-341063-3rqnu5bu author: nan title: 38th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine: Brussels, Belgium. 20-23 March 2018 date: 2018-03-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-341063-3rqnu5bu.txt cache: ./cache/cord-341063-3rqnu5bu.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 8 resourceName b'cord-341063-3rqnu5bu.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-014794-yppi30a0 author: nan title: 19th European Congress of Pathology, Ljubljana, Slovenia, September 6-11, 2003 date: 2003-07-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-014794-yppi30a0.txt cache: ./cache/cord-014794-yppi30a0.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 11 resourceName b'cord-014794-yppi30a0.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-350571-6tapkjb6 author: nan title: 45th ESCP-NSF international symposium on clinical pharmacy: clinical pharmacy tackling inequalities and access to health care. Oslo, Norway, 5–7 October 2016 date: 2017-01-10 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-350571-6tapkjb6.txt cache: ./cache/cord-350571-6tapkjb6.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 11 resourceName b'cord-350571-6tapkjb6.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-022633-fr55uod6 author: nan title: SAEM Abstracts, Plenary Session date: 2012-04-26 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-022633-fr55uod6.txt cache: ./cache/cord-022633-fr55uod6.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 11 resourceName b'cord-022633-fr55uod6.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023095-4dannjjm author: nan title: Research Abstract Program of the 2011 ACVIM Forum Denver, Colorado, June 15–18, 2011 date: 2011-05-03 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023095-4dannjjm.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023095-4dannjjm.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 10 resourceName b'cord-023095-4dannjjm.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-021206-4zyqqgs0 author: nan title: Scientific and Educational Exhibits date: 2007 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-021206-4zyqqgs0.txt cache: ./cache/cord-021206-4zyqqgs0.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 12 resourceName b'cord-021206-4zyqqgs0.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-015021-pol2qm74 author: nan title: Third International Congress on the Immune Consequences of Trauma, Shock and Sepsis —Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches date: 1994 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-015021-pol2qm74.txt cache: ./cache/cord-015021-pol2qm74.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 11 resourceName b'cord-015021-pol2qm74.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023049-fio7cjj5 author: nan title: 2017 Peripheral Nerve Society Meeting July 8–12, 2017 Sitges, Barcelona, Spain date: 2017-06-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023049-fio7cjj5.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023049-fio7cjj5.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 14 resourceName b'cord-023049-fio7cjj5.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-006854-o2e5na78 author: nan title: Scientific Session of the 16th World Congress of Endoscopic Surgery, Jointly Hosted by Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES) & Canadian Association of General Surgeons (CAGS), Seattle, Washington, USA, 11–14 April 2018: Poster Abstracts date: 2018-04-20 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-006854-o2e5na78.txt cache: ./cache/cord-006854-o2e5na78.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 12 resourceName b'cord-006854-o2e5na78.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-005814-ak5pq312 author: nan title: 8th European Congress of Intensive Care Medicine Athens - Greece, October 18–22, 1995 Abstracts date: 1995 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-005814-ak5pq312.txt cache: ./cache/cord-005814-ak5pq312.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 10 resourceName b'cord-005814-ak5pq312.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-015359-gf32a6f1 author: nan title: B scientific sessions (SS) date: 2002 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-015359-gf32a6f1.txt cache: ./cache/cord-015359-gf32a6f1.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 14 resourceName b'cord-015359-gf32a6f1.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-000718-7whai7nr author: nan title: ESP Abstracts 2012 date: 2012-08-22 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-000718-7whai7nr.txt cache: ./cache/cord-000718-7whai7nr.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 25 resourceName b'cord-000718-7whai7nr.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-009997-oecpqf1j author: nan title: 2018 ASPHO ABSTRACTS date: 2018-03-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-009997-oecpqf1j.txt cache: ./cache/cord-009997-oecpqf1j.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 14 resourceName b'cord-009997-oecpqf1j.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-022888-dnsdg04n author: nan title: Poster Sessions date: 2009-08-19 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-022888-dnsdg04n.txt cache: ./cache/cord-022888-dnsdg04n.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 14 resourceName b'cord-022888-dnsdg04n.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-023211-kt5gt26t author: nan title: Poster Session Abstracts date: 2007-08-29 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-023211-kt5gt26t.txt cache: ./cache/cord-023211-kt5gt26t.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 29 resourceName b'cord-023211-kt5gt26t.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-031907-ilhr3iu5 author: nan title: ISEV2020 Abstract Book date: 2020-07-15 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-031907-ilhr3iu5.txt cache: ./cache/cord-031907-ilhr3iu5.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 18 resourceName b'cord-031907-ilhr3iu5.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-006849-vgjz74ts author: nan title: 27th International Congress of the European Association for Endoscopic Surgery (EAES) Sevilla, Spain, 12–15 June 2019 date: 2019-09-13 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-006849-vgjz74ts.txt cache: ./cache/cord-006849-vgjz74ts.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 24 resourceName b'cord-006849-vgjz74ts.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-015324-y44sfr0c author: nan title: Scientific Programme date: 2007-09-01 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-015324-y44sfr0c.txt cache: ./cache/cord-015324-y44sfr0c.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 16 resourceName b'cord-015324-y44sfr0c.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-010092-uftc8inx author: nan title: Abstract of 29th Regional Congress of the ISBT date: 2019-06-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-010092-uftc8inx.txt cache: ./cache/cord-010092-uftc8inx.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 31 resourceName b'cord-010092-uftc8inx.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-015354-yknwveyz author: nan title: Abstracts_Poster presentations date: 2007-09-18 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-015354-yknwveyz.txt cache: ./cache/cord-015354-yknwveyz.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 32 resourceName b'cord-015354-yknwveyz.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-022940-atbjwpo5 author: nan title: Poster Sessions date: 2016-09-07 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-022940-atbjwpo5.txt cache: ./cache/cord-022940-atbjwpo5.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 17 resourceName b'cord-022940-atbjwpo5.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-015394-uj7fe5y6 author: nan title: Scientific Abstracts date: 2008-12-23 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-015394-uj7fe5y6.txt cache: ./cache/cord-015394-uj7fe5y6.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 17 resourceName b'cord-015394-uj7fe5y6.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-010119-t1x9gknd author: nan title: Abstract Presentations from the AABB Annual Meeting San Diego, CA ctober 7‐10, 2017 date: 2017-09-04 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-010119-t1x9gknd.txt cache: ./cache/cord-010119-t1x9gknd.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 10 resourceName b'cord-010119-t1x9gknd.txt' === file2bib.sh === id: cord-257167-rz4r5sj7 author: nan title: Abstracts for the 29th Annual Meeting of the Japan Neuroscience Society (Neuroscience2006) date: 2006-12-31 pages: extension: .txt txt: ./txt/cord-257167-rz4r5sj7.txt cache: ./cache/cord-257167-rz4r5sj7.txt Content-Encoding UTF-8 Content-Type text/plain; charset=UTF-8 X-Parsed-By ['org.apache.tika.parser.DefaultParser', 'org.apache.tika.parser.csv.TextAndCSVParser'] X-TIKA:content_handler ToTextContentHandler X-TIKA:embedded_depth 0 X-TIKA:parse_time_millis 30 resourceName b'cord-257167-rz4r5sj7.txt' Que is empty; done keyword-study-cord === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-007321-7gi6xrci author = Chow, Anthony W. title = Evaluation of New Anti-Infective Drugs for the Treatment of Respiratory Tract Infections date = 1992-11-17 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16053 sentences = 825 flesch = 31 summary = These guidelines for the evaluation of drugs for the treatment of respiratory tract infections include acute streptococcal pharyngitis and tonsillitis, acute otitis media, acute and chronic sinusitis, acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, and acute infectious pneumonia (table 1). This is often the case in otitis media, sinusitis, and pneumonia, when the use of invasive procedures such as tympanocentesis, sinus puncture, or transtracheal aspiration to confirm microbial eradication in the patient who is improving clinically generally is considered unjustified. Patients eligible for study entrance are children or adults with symptomatic pharyngitis or tonsillitis of acute onset clinically consistent with infection with group A I3-hemolytic streptococci and from whom group A (3-hemolytic streptococci have been isolated in cultures of throat -swab specimen or for whom a rapid screening test has indicated the presence of streptococci. cache = ./cache/cord-007321-7gi6xrci.txt txt = ./txt/cord-007321-7gi6xrci.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-005600-gsbbjb5y author = De Jonghe, B. title = Acquired neuromuscular disorders in critically ill patients: a systematic review date = 1998 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3830 sentences = 206 flesch = 35 summary = Two studies showed a clinically important increase (5 and 9 days, respectively) in duration of mechanical ventilation and a mortality twice as high in patients with critical illness neuromuscular abnormalities, compared to those without. Two studies showed a clinically important increase (5 and 9 days, respectively) in duration of mechanical ventilation and a mortality twice as high in patients with critical illness neuromuscular abnormalities, compared to those without. Conclusions: Prospective studies of ICU-acquired neuromuscular abnormalities include a small number of patients with various electrophysiologic findings but insufficiently reported clinical correlations. Conclusions: Prospective studies of ICU-acquired neuromuscular abnormalities include a small number of patients with various electrophysiologic findings but insufficiently reported clinical correlations. C.) independently: studies had to enroll critically ill adult patients presenting acquired peripheral nervous system and/or muscular and/or neuromuscular transmission abnormalities, described clinically and/or electrphysiologically and/or histologically, involving limbs and/or respiratory muscle, in prospective cohort studies. cache = ./cache/cord-005600-gsbbjb5y.txt txt = ./txt/cord-005600-gsbbjb5y.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-004167-r2s0gks8 author = Cutts, Julia C. title = Pregnancy-specific malarial immunity and risk of malaria in pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes: a systematic review date = 2020-01-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8593 sentences = 422 flesch = 38 summary = Antibody responses to pregnancy-specific pRBC and VAR2CSA antigens, measured at delivery, were associated with placental malaria (9 studies) and may therefore represent markers of infection, rather than correlates of protection. To summarize, evidence from studies included in narrative terms suggests that whilst high avidity Abs and anti-adhesion Abs measured at delivery may be associated with protection from placental infection [65] and reduced placental parasitaemia [38] , respectively, total IgG responses to VAR2CSA antigens and pregnancy-specific pRBC are positively associated with the presence of placental malaria [34, 39, 64, [68] [69] [70] [71] [72] 76] . Overall, the majority of estimates included in this review, and studies included in narrative terms, indicate that when measured at delivery, antibody responses to pregnancy-specific pRBC and VAR2CSA antigens are associated with the presence of placental infection and may therefore represent markers of infection, rather than correlates of protection. cache = ./cache/cord-004167-r2s0gks8.txt txt = ./txt/cord-004167-r2s0gks8.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-011335-pamcpi8n author = Govindan, Vedavalli title = Cerebral venous volume changes and pressure autoregulation in critically ill infants date = 2020-03-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3809 sentences = 205 flesch = 41 summary = STUDY DESIGN: In a prospective study of newborns undergoing positive-pressure ventilation, we calculated coherence between continuous mean arterial pressure (MAP) and cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy hemoglobin difference (HbD). For this study, our goals were to evaluate the association between cerebral venous volume changes at the ventilator frequency on the development of (1) cerebral pressure passivity, and (2) brain injury, in newborn infants undergoing intensive care. The study population included infants with three broad categories of illness, all known to be at significant risk of brain injury, namely, term/ near-term infants with either perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) or congenital heart disease (CHD), as well as preterm infants (<37 weeks of gestational age (GA)). In this study, we identified a significant relationship between the magnitude of fluctuations in CBV associated with positive-pressure ventilation, and the presence of cerebral pressure passivity, in a population of critically ill newborn infants. cache = ./cache/cord-011335-pamcpi8n.txt txt = ./txt/cord-011335-pamcpi8n.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-014462-11ggaqf1 author = nan title = Abstracts of the Papers Presented in the XIX National Conference of Indian Virological Society, “Recent Trends in Viral Disease Problems and Management”, on 18–20 March, 2010, at S.V. University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh date = 2011-04-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 35453 sentences = 1711 flesch = 49 summary = Molecular diagnosis based on reverse transcription (RT)-PCR s.a. one step or nested PCR, nucleic acid sequence based amplification (NASBA), or real time RT-PCR, has gradually replaced the virus isolation method as the new standard for the detection of dengue virus in acute phase serum samples. Non-genetic methods of management of these diseases include quarantine measures, eradication of infected plants and weed hosts, crop rotation, use of certified virus-free seed or planting stock and use of pesticides to control insect vector populations implicated in transmission of viruses. The results of this study indicate that NS1 antigen based ELISA test can be an useful tool to detect the dengue virus infection in patients during the early acute phase of disease since appearance of IgM antibodies usually occur after fifth day of the infection. The studies showed high level of expression in case of constructed vector as compared to infected virus for the specific protein. cache = ./cache/cord-014462-11ggaqf1.txt txt = ./txt/cord-014462-11ggaqf1.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-013138-4e9vo0xr author = Lang-Illievich, Kordula title = The Effect of Low-Level Light Therapy on Capsaicin-Induced Peripheral and Central Sensitization in Healthy Volunteers: A Double-Blinded, Randomized, Sham-Controlled Trial date = 2020-10-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3990 sentences = 240 flesch = 46 summary = title: The Effect of Low-Level Light Therapy on Capsaicin-Induced Peripheral and Central Sensitization in Healthy Volunteers: A Double-Blinded, Randomized, Sham-Controlled Trial INTRODUCTION: Several clinical trials have demonstrated that low-level light therapy (LLLT), a method of photobiomodulation, is an effective analgetic treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of low-level light therapy on primary and secondary hyperalgesia in a human pain model. CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that low-level light therapy is effective at reducing the heat and mechanical pain threshold in a human pain model, pointing to a significant modulating effect on peripheral and central sensitization. To provide an answer to these questions, we use a human pain model developed to mimic different aspects of clinical pain and to study pain mechanisms in order to examine whether peripheral or central mechanisms contribute to the analgetic effect of LLLT. cache = ./cache/cord-013138-4e9vo0xr.txt txt = ./txt/cord-013138-4e9vo0xr.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-006882-t9w1cdr4 author = nan title = Royal Academy of Medicine in Ireland date = 2012-07-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 13704 sentences = 858 flesch = 52 summary = Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a mathematical model to determine the TTO based on two or more DEXA scans with TTO defined as the age at which the patient will enter the osteoporotic T-score range. An Audit of Clinical Outcomes in Transcervical Resection of the Endometrium Compared to Outpatient Balloon Thermablation Anglim BC, Von Bunau G Department of Gynaecology, Adelaide and Meath Children's Hospital, Tallaght, Dublin Thermablation was introduced to the Coombe in November 2009 and thus far it has provided a quick and effective means of treating women with menorrhagia refractive to medical treatment. This audit reviewed cases of ovarian cystectomy, oopherectomy and salpingooopherectomy using both a hospital online database and records of theatre procedures to identify these patients. A retrospective review of the case notes of patients aged greater than 80 years who underwent bronchoscopy between September 2009 and November 2011 was carried out. cache = ./cache/cord-006882-t9w1cdr4.txt txt = ./txt/cord-006882-t9w1cdr4.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-010075-72jodunj author = nan title = Paediatric SIG: Poster Session date = 2011-03-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 32008 sentences = 1913 flesch = 56 summary = Expression of MR, CD91 and CD31 were decreased in patients with NEA or COPD, but not signifi cantly changed in EA Conclusion Impaired sputum-macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic cells in NEA is associated with reduced expression of key macrophage recognition molecules. Conclusions Subjects with severe persistent asthma have an eating pattern of lower diet quality with higher intakes of fat and lower intakes of fi bre than healthy controls, which is related to lower lung function and increased airway infl ammation. Support and Confl ict of Interest Nil. Methods We performed a retrospective chart review of all adult patients who had an ICC over a 24-month period within a tertiary hospital respiratory service. The objectives of our study were to (1) determine the point prevalence and identify viruses associated with exacerbations and (2) evaluate clinical and investigational differences between viral infection positive and negative exacerbations in children with non-CF bronchiectasis. cache = ./cache/cord-010075-72jodunj.txt txt = ./txt/cord-010075-72jodunj.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-010018-gl8uuqej author = Del Borrello, Giovanni title = New insights into pediatric community‐acquired pneumonia gained from untargeted metabolomics: A preliminary study date = 2019-12-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2357 sentences = 132 flesch = 35 summary = 3, 4 Although epidemiological research has repeatedly pointed out that the large majority of lower respiratory infection in pediatric patients are caused by viruses, 2 physicians often lack the tools to reliably discriminate between bacterial and viral etiology [5] [6] [7] and a large percentage of children presenting with respiratory symptoms and fever are ultimately administered antibiotics. To increase the specificity of our findings and reduce the role of confounding variables, three exclusion criteria were strictly applied, concerning: infants (ie, children under 1 year of age), to avoid any diagnostic overlap between pneumonia and bronchiolitis; children with a previous diagnosis of chronic disease (HIV, asthma, immunodeficiency, CHD), to reduce the pathophysiological heterogeneity between CAP cases; and children given any oral or injected antibiotic therapy in the 48 hours preceding enrollment, to avoid cases of partially treated pneumonia, as the related pathophysiological profile differs from that of a lung infection devoid of any treatment. cache = ./cache/cord-010018-gl8uuqej.txt txt = ./txt/cord-010018-gl8uuqej.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-005147-mvoq9vln author = nan title = Autorenregister date = 2017-02-23 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 86573 sentences = 4356 flesch = 45 summary = Using whole-exome sequencing and trio-based de novo analysis, we identified a novel heterozygous de novo frameshift variant in the leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) gene causing instability of the mRNA in a patient presenting with bilateral CAKUT and requiring kidney transplantation at one year of age. Loss of cdkl5 associated with deficient mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling in mice and human cells We and other groups have shown that mutations in the X-linked cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 (CDKL5) gene cause a severe neurodevelopmental disorder with clinical features including intellectual disability, early-onset intractable seizures and autism, that are closely related to those present in Rett syndrome (RTT) patients. Functional characterization of novel GNB1 mutations as a rare cause of global developmental delay Over the past years, prioritization strategies that combined the molecular predictors of sequence variants from exomes and genomes of patients with rare Mendelian disorders with computer-readable phenotype information became a highly effective method for detecting disease-causing mutations. cache = ./cache/cord-005147-mvoq9vln.txt txt = ./txt/cord-005147-mvoq9vln.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-004879-pgyzluwp author = nan title = Programmed cell death date = 1994 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 81677 sentences = 4465 flesch = 51 summary = Furthermore kinetic experiments after complementation of HIV=RT p66 with KIV-RT pSl indicated that HIV-RT pSl can restore rate and extent of strand displacement activity by HIV-RT p66 compared to the HIV-RT heterodimer D66/D51, suggesting a function of the 51 kDa polypeptide, The mouse mammary tumor virus proviral DNA contains an open reading frame in the 3' long terminal repeat which can code for a 36 kDa polypeptide with a putative transmembrane sequence and five N-linked glycosylation sites. To this end we used constructs encoding the c-fos (and c-jun) genes fused to the hormone-binding domain of the human estrogen receptor, designated c-FosER (and c-JunER), We could show that short-term activation (30 mins.) of c-FosER by estradiole (E2) led to the disruption of epithelial cell polarity within 24 hours, as characterized by the expression of apical and basolateral marker proteins. cache = ./cache/cord-004879-pgyzluwp.txt txt = ./txt/cord-004879-pgyzluwp.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-006636-xgikbdns author = Ühlein, E. title = Übersicht Über neue ernährungswissenschaftliche Publikationen date = 1964-02-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 31038 sentences = 4914 flesch = 58 summary = L. : Effect of a low dietary level of three types of fat on reproductive performance and tissue lipid content of the vitamin B6-deficicnt female rat. H.: Effect of dietary protein and fat on growth, protein utilization, and carcass composition of pigs fed purified diets. Effect of food fats on concentration of ketone bodies and citric acid level in blood and tissues Effect of a low dietary level of three types of fat on reproductive performance and tissue lipid content of the vitamin B6-defieient female rat The effect on the serum cholesterol levels of the consumption of a special dietary fat with a high content of unsaturated fatty acids in elderly people Effect of protein intake and cold exposure on selected liver enzymes associated with amino acid metabolism Effect of protein intake and cold exposure on selected liver enzymes associated with amino acid metabolism cache = ./cache/cord-006636-xgikbdns.txt txt = ./txt/cord-006636-xgikbdns.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-004948-ad3i9wgj author = nan title = 7th International Congress on Amino Acids and Proteins : Vienna, Austria, August 6–10, 2001 date = 2001 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 73534 sentences = 3588 flesch = 45 summary = Specific CTL were derived by immunization of HHD mice with tumor peptide extracts loaded on antigen presenting cells and with HHD transfected human tumor cell lines CTL induced against peptides from various tumors recognized tumor peptides more effectively than peptides extracted from normal tissues and also reacted with a serie of peptides derived from overexpressed candidate proteins, identified by differential display methods (SAGE, Microarrays) Comparison of CTL derived from HHD mice to CTL induced from patient's PBMC showed overlapping recognition of many candidate peptides. By comparison of pro-teomic cell maps from normal controls and individuals affected with lysosomal transport disorders we have selected and identified several candidate disease-causing proteins, which have to be further studied by mutation analysis and functional expression. The results of the in vitro studies available to date strongly suggest that its effects on neuronal amino acid transport processes is mediated via some novel extracellular mechanism controlling the H ϩ (and/or other ionic) concentrations of neurones. cache = ./cache/cord-004948-ad3i9wgj.txt txt = ./txt/cord-004948-ad3i9wgj.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-010680-lc1onm53 author = Patel, Ami title = In Vivo Delivery of Nucleic Acid-Encoded Monoclonal Antibodies date = 2020-03-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 13044 sentences = 659 flesch = 41 summary = Some of these hurdles may be overcome through transient in vivo gene delivery platforms, such as non-viral synthetic plasmid DNA and messenger RNA vectors that are engineered to encode optimized mAb genes. In this review, we focus on nucleic acid delivery of antibody employing synthetic plasmid DNA vector platforms, and RNA delivery, these being important approaches that are advancing simple, rapid, in vivo expression and having an impact in animal models of infectious diseases and cancer, among others. The original studies surrounding in vivo antibody gene delivery focused primarily on gene delivery using recombinant viral vectors such as AAV and adenovirus (Ad), which were advanced clinically, building on work in the traditional gene therapy-based field. Additional studies to help evaluate fully human pDNA-mAbs in mouse models would be highly informative for both non-viral and viral delivery and provide an important path forward for preclinical evaluation of in vivo-delivered antibodies [109] . cache = ./cache/cord-010680-lc1onm53.txt txt = ./txt/cord-010680-lc1onm53.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-011952-mm06uzxx author = Rücker, Gerta title = The statistical importance of a study for a network meta-analysis estimate date = 2020-07-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6623 sentences = 364 flesch = 56 summary = BACKGROUND: In pairwise meta-analysis, the contribution of each study to the pooled estimate is given by its weight, which is based on the inverse variance of the estimate from that study. For network meta-analysis (NMA), the contribution of direct (and indirect) evidence is easily obtained from the diagonal elements of a hat matrix. For NMA, while several methods exist to obtain the contribution of direct (and indirect) evidence of each comparison to its own NMA estimate, it is far less obvious how to define the contribution, or the importance, of each study to any (other) treatment effect estimate. In this paragraph, we show how our definition of importance was motivated by (but is not limited to) the known concepts of direct and indirect evidence proportions in the context of two-stage meta-analysis with inverse variance weights, still based on the common effect model. cache = ./cache/cord-011952-mm06uzxx.txt txt = ./txt/cord-011952-mm06uzxx.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-009664-kb9fnbgy author = nan title = Oral presentations date = 2014-12-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 71112 sentences = 3948 flesch = 47 summary = Because of the conflicting reports and lack of published data from paediatric patients, we sought to assess possible MIC change over time and to compare results generated by using different methodologies including Etest, agar dilution, and broth microdilution (MicroScan) methods. Recently, in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that NO plays a key role in the eradication of the leishmania parasite Objective: To determine whether a NO donor patch (developed by electrospinning technique) is as effective as meglumine antimoniate in the treatment of CL while causing less adverse events Methods: A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted with 178 patients diagnosed with CL in Santander, Colombia, South-America. To follow the development and spread of the resistance among these strains is difficult, as antibiotic susceptibility testing of clinically relevant anaerobes in different routine laboratories in Europe is less and less frequently carried out due to the fact, that clinicians treat many presumed anaerobic infections empirically. cache = ./cache/cord-009664-kb9fnbgy.txt txt = ./txt/cord-009664-kb9fnbgy.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-006702-ekf6mja9 author = nan title = Abstracts for the 17th IPNA Congress, Iguaçu, Brazil, September 2016: Oral Presentations date = 2016-08-17 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 23229 sentences = 1404 flesch = 52 summary = After correction using the optimal linear regression, the variability of the measurements was examined using Bland-Altman plots Results: We studied 29 patients (17 male, 12 female) with a median age (SD) of 14.0 (3.4) years and eGFR 111 (17) Objectives: Mutations of the Pkhd1 gene cause autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD). Objectives: To examine the characteristics, follow up and availability of long term outcome data in a cohort of New Zealand children with acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) following cardiac surgery at Starship Hospital over a six-year period. Methods: Cohort study conducted from 2008-2012 of 57 female patients age 9-21 years recruited from 2 pediatric nephrology clinics with CKD (n=25), on dialysis (n=9), or status post kidney transplantation (n=23) who received the standard 3-dose vaccine series of the HPV vaccine. cache = ./cache/cord-006702-ekf6mja9.txt txt = ./txt/cord-006702-ekf6mja9.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-010977-fwz7chzf author = Myserlis, Pavlos title = Translational Genomics in Neurocritical Care: a Review date = 2020-02-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 11990 sentences = 519 flesch = 31 summary = In this review, we describe some of the approaches being taken to apply translational genomics to the study of diseases commonly encountered in the neurocritical care setting, including hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and status epilepticus, utilizing both forward and reverse genomic translational techniques. Termed "reverse translation," this approach starts with humans as the model system, utilizing genomic associations to derive new information about biological mechanisms that can be in turn studied further in vitro and in animal models for target refinement (Fig. 1) . These results highlight the value of reverse genomic translation in first identifying human-relevant genetic risk factors for disease, and using model systems to understand the pathways impacted by their introduction to select rationally-informed modalities for potential treatment. These observations provide vital information about cellular mechanisms impacted by human disease-associated genetic risk factors without requiring the expense and time investment of creating, validating, and studying animal models. cache = ./cache/cord-010977-fwz7chzf.txt txt = ./txt/cord-010977-fwz7chzf.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-009571-mygj2nd4 author = nan title = Proceedings of the 42nd annual meeting of the american rheumatism association a section of the arthritis foundation june 1 & 2, 1978 new york city abstracts of papers presented date = 2005-11-23 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 46150 sentences = 2284 flesch = 49 summary = Levels of Ty cells as well as total T lymphocytes were measured in 19 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 11 with active and 8 with inactive disease, and in 47 normal subjects. The diagnosis of GC arthritis were studied for the presence of GC antigen (AG) and anti-in all seven patients was made by typical clinical presentation, body (AB) in serum and synovial fluid by counter-positive local culture for Ngonorrhoeae (NG) , and response to treatment. A retrospective study was instituted on 10 patients in the UCLA lupus nephritis clinic in an attempt to determine the ability of three serologic indicators-specifically immune complexes (IC), anti-DNA antibodies (DNA-ab), and C3-to predict the activity of SLE renal disease as indicated by changes in 24 hour proteinuria, serum creatinine, and creatinine clearance. cache = ./cache/cord-009571-mygj2nd4.txt txt = ./txt/cord-009571-mygj2nd4.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-004385-xna32qve author = Zhou, Yuqing title = Use of corticosteroids in influenza-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome and severe pneumonia: a systemic review and meta-analysis date = 2020-02-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4494 sentences = 234 flesch = 39 summary = title: Use of corticosteroids in influenza-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome and severe pneumonia: a systemic review and meta-analysis We obtained the following data: (a) characteristics of studies (design, setting, country, period, methodological details for quality assessment); (b) characteristics of participants (demographics, co-morbid illnesses, disease severity, numbers in each group, influenza virus type); (c) characteristics of interventions (type, dose, timing and duration of corticosteroid use); and (d) outcomes. Another study reporting the result of 62 patients with acute respiratory failure due to influenza showed no statistically significant difference between low dose and high dose corticosteroid therapy (8/19 versus 7/19, p > 0.05) 16 . The overall findings of this meta-analysis indicated that patients with pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome who were administered corticosteroids had significantly higher mortality and incidence of nosocomial infection but the use of corticosteroids did not influence the length of hospital stay. cache = ./cache/cord-004385-xna32qve.txt txt = ./txt/cord-004385-xna32qve.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-001989-6gi3o5mu author = Faber, Timor title = Meta-analyses including non-randomized studies of therapeutic interventions: a methodological review date = 2016-03-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8227 sentences = 443 flesch = 32 summary = METHODS: For this methodological review, we searched MEDLINE via PubMed, from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2013 for meta-analyses including at least one non-randomized study evaluating therapeutic interventions. CONCLUSIONS: Some key methodological components of the systematic review process—search for grey literature, description of the type of NRSI included, assessment of risk of confounding bias and reporting of whether crude or adjusted estimates were combined—are not adequately carried out or reported in meta-analyses including NRSI. Therefore, an increasing number of systematic reviews and meta-analyses are including data from non-randomized studies to assess therapeutic interventions. To illustrate: a metaanalysis that investigated the association of the use of statins and risk of cancer would was considered a therapeutic evaluation if the authors planned to include RCTs. Individual patient data meta-analyses were also excluded, as were non-randomized studies that conducted a meta-analysis of the literature as secondary analysis. cache = ./cache/cord-001989-6gi3o5mu.txt txt = ./txt/cord-001989-6gi3o5mu.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-006864-t5qsjyfi author = Norris, S. title = National scientific medical meeting 1995 abstracts: Oral presentations date = 1995 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 36469 sentences = 2072 flesch = 53 summary = 28 patients with RA were studied prospectively by measuring disease activity and radiological articular destruction at entry and at review 6 (mean) (range 4-8) years later. We document its occurrence in the paediatric age group with 3 case reports of tinea unguium occurring in healthy children, ages ranging from 7 to 14 years from different families, presenting over a 6 month period. The first group (the study group, n=20) consisted of patients attending ophthalmic clinics with a diagnosis of early open angle glaucoma who are on medical treatment with good control of intraocular pressure, evidence of optic disc cupping and no field loss on KOWA fields. In this study, 12 outpatients having Dementia of the Alzheimer Type (Clinical Dementia Rating, Score ~ 1 ; mean age _+ SEM, 74 + 2 years) were continuously monitored using Finapress and their responses to the Valsalva manoeuvre and positional change were compared with 12 age matched (73 _+ 1 years) healthy elderly controls. cache = ./cache/cord-006864-t5qsjyfi.txt txt = ./txt/cord-006864-t5qsjyfi.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-006226-fn7zlutj author = nan title = Abstracts of the 4th annual meeting of the German Society of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapy: Hannover, 14–17 September 1994 date = 1994 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 25050 sentences = 1344 flesch = 50 summary = The following were analysed: heart rate (HR, bpm), pre-ejection time (PEP, ms), ejection time (VET, ms), HR-corrected electromechanical systole (QS2c, ms), impedance-cardiographic estimates of stroke volume (SV, ml), cardiac output (CO, I/min) and peripheral resistance (TPR, dyn.s.cm -5) calculated from CO and mean blood pressure (SBP and DBP according to auscultatory Korotkoff-I and -IV sounds This indicates that 1) about half the rise of HR and CO and half the shortening of PEP is 131-respectively 1~2-determined, 2) that predominant 132-adrenergic responses, whilst not affecting VET, take optimal benefit from the inodilatory enhancement of pump performance, 3) that an additional 131-adrenergic stimulation is proportionally less efficient, as VET is dramatically shortened, thus blunting the gain in SV so that the rise in CO relies substantially on the amplified increase of HR and 4), VET is more sensitive than QS2c in expressing additional 131-adrenoceptor agonism and 5) prime systolic time intervals provide a less speculative and physiologically more meaningful represenation of cardiac pump dynamics than HR-corrected ones. cache = ./cache/cord-006226-fn7zlutj.txt txt = ./txt/cord-006226-fn7zlutj.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-014538-6a2pviol author = Kamilia, Chtara title = Proceedings of Réanimation 2017, the French Intensive Care Society International Congress date = 2017-01-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 61068 sentences = 3463 flesch = 49 summary = Other parameters that were significantly different between the patients who died and those who survived were an advanced age, an elevated IGS II score at hospital admission, an elevated SOFA score at study entry, a late healthcare-associated infection and several biological variables: a high C reactive protein, low albumin and prealbumin and a poor percent of monocytes expressing HLA-DR, all measured at day 7. Parameters collected were demographic features, comorbidities, regular treatment, dyspnea assessed by the MRC scale, initial clinical severity reflected by SAPS II and APACHE II scores, modalities and ICU admission deadlines, initial arterial blood gas analysis, management of patients in the ICU (ventilation modalities, prescription of antibiotics, use of vasoactive drugs) and their outcomes (incidence of nosocomial infections and their sites, length of stay and ICU mortality). cache = ./cache/cord-014538-6a2pviol.txt txt = ./txt/cord-014538-6a2pviol.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-000285-7p3b6tyf author = HARTERT, Tina V. title = The Tennessee Children's Respiratory Initiative: Objectives, design and recruitment results of a prospective cohort study investigating infant viral respiratory illness and the development of asthma and allergic diseases date = 2010-04-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3846 sentences = 169 flesch = 38 summary = The primary goals of the study are: (i) to investigate both the acute and the long-term health consequences of varying severity and aetiology of clinically significant viral respiratory tract infections on the outcomes of allergic rhinitis (AR) and early childhood asthma; and (ii) to identify the potentially modifiable factors that define children who are at greatest risk of developing asthma following infant respiratory viral infection. Thus, we designed the prospective TCRI to establish a base for the evaluation of both the risks and benefits of documented significant infant viral respiratory infection of varying severity and aetiology and other environmental exposures on childhood atopy outcomes and to establish a biospecimen repository for analyses including biomarker testing and genotyping. The TCRI is a prospective cohort of mother-infant dyads enrolled in a longitudinal investigation of the relationship of infant viral respiratory infection severity and aetiology and the interaction of other risk factors on the development of childhood asthma and allergic diseases. cache = ./cache/cord-000285-7p3b6tyf.txt txt = ./txt/cord-000285-7p3b6tyf.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-006880-9dgmdtj8 author = nan title = Neurocritical Care Society 10th Annual Meeting: October 4 - 7, 2012 Sheraton Denver Downtown Hotel Denver, Colorado date = 2012-09-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 82351 sentences = 4528 flesch = 49 summary = Patients initially comatose after cardiac arrest treated who awoke after therapeutic hypothermia (TH) were evaluated by a neuropsychologist prior to hospital discharge with the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), a well-validated tool that assesses function in multiple domains compared to standardized normal values. Clinical data including the pre-admission-status, neuroradiological, initial presentation, treatment, and outcome were evaluated through institutional databases, patient's medical charts and by mailed questionnaires. To determine the differences in hospital outcomes among adult mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients where the severity of TBI is defined by Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score. Retrospective chart analysis was performed on all adult patients arriving to emergency department with history of fall at a level one trauma center for parameters like vomiting, alteration of consciousness (AOC) & loss of consciousness (LOC) after TBI; post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) and history of seizures before or after injury, along with outcomes such as ICU admission & ICU length of stay. cache = ./cache/cord-006880-9dgmdtj8.txt txt = ./txt/cord-006880-9dgmdtj8.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-004584-bcw90f5b author = nan title = Abstracts: 8th EBSA European Biophysics Congress, August 23rd–27th 2011, Budapest, Hungary date = 2011-08-06 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 106850 sentences = 5038 flesch = 41 summary = Our goals are two-fold: (1) to monitor conformational changes in each domain upon its binding to specific ligands and then to correlate the observed changes with structural differences between the CRDs and (2) to investigate the interaction between the CRDs and lipid model membranes. Cholesterol-assisted lipid and protein interactions such as the integration into lipid nanodomains are considered to play a functional part in a whole range of membrane-associated processes, but their direct and non-invasive observation in living cells is impeded by the resolution limit of [200nm of a conventional far-field optical microscope. Therefore, to investigate the dynamic and complex membrane lateral organization in living cells, we have developed an original approach based on molecule diffusion measurements performed by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy at different spatial scales (spot variable FCS, svFCS) (1). cache = ./cache/cord-004584-bcw90f5b.txt txt = ./txt/cord-004584-bcw90f5b.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-009713-sxd4t2tz author = nan title = Poster Presentations date = 2020-01-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 43950 sentences = 2945 flesch = 52 summary = Poster No. 010 Seizure, developmental and cognitive outcomes in children post hemispherotomy TT TAY 1 , DR REED 2 , VJ JOSAN 3 , SR RUST 4 , JT TAN 5 1 University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; 2 Neuropsychology Team, Paediatric Psychosocial Service, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, UK; 3 Neurosurgery, Salford Royal NHS Foundation, Manchester, UK; 4 Paediatric Neuropsychology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, UK; 5 Paediatric Neurology, Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester, UK Introduction: Patients with focal refractory epilepsy secondary to structural hemispheric changes have been shown in retrospective studies to have significantly improved seizure outcomes following hemispheric disconnection. In a univariate analysis of 682 cases with ≥12 months follow-up data, poor final outcome (defined as modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score 3-6) occurred in 30% and was associated with very young or elderly age at onset, movement disorder, decreased consciousness, autonomic dysfunction, mechanical ventilation, higher mRS score in the acute phase, longer hospital stay, extreme delta brush on EEG, abnormal MRI, CSF pleocytosis and elevated CSF protein (all p<0.05). cache = ./cache/cord-009713-sxd4t2tz.txt txt = ./txt/cord-009713-sxd4t2tz.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-014516-r59usk02 author = nan title = Research Communications of the 24th ECVIM‐CA Congress date = 2015-01-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 55041 sentences = 2919 flesch = 51 summary = Serum prolactin concentration measured in 22/23 dogs at time zero, 6 weeks and 6 months was 3.35 ng/ml (range, 1.4-6.36), 3.57 ng/ml (range, 1.87-7.39) and 3.92 ng/ml (range, 2.01-12.92) and did not differ significantly in either time period when compared with time zero (P = 0.99 and P = 0.52).Altogether, results of this study failed to demonstrate a significant role of thyroid supplementation on the majority of evaluated behavioural symptoms as well as neurohormonal status of hypothyroid dogs during 6 months of therapy. The aims of the present study were (1) to describe a clinical series of recent autochtonous cases and (2) to retrospectively assess Angiostrongylus vasorum qPCR in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples, collected over the last 7 years from a larger series of dogs, healthy or with other respiratory conditions, in order to investigate the past prevalence of the disease in Belgium. cache = ./cache/cord-014516-r59usk02.txt txt = ./txt/cord-014516-r59usk02.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-005881-oswgjaxz author = nan title = Abstracts: 11(th) European Congress of Trauma and Emergency Surgery May 15–18, 2010 Brussels, Belgium date = 2010 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 71955 sentences = 4561 flesch = 52 summary = Prospective case series with historical control group.(Level III) Results: Preliminary data indicate: *a shorter time on ventilator than anticipated (based on comparisson to historical data) * a shorter time on ICU * less pneumoniae * no intra-operative complications * good healing results of the rib fractures * no implant failures * acceptable pain scores * good overal satisfaction * acceptable cosmetic results Conclusion: Internal fixation of rib fractures (flair chest or multiple sequential fractures with pulmonary function compromise) results in a earlier recuperation of pulmonary function with shortened ICU stay. (Regional Association Sanitary Emergencies) Material and Methods: The ARES, whose members are about 600, all over the nation, is configured as an extraordinary health resource, activated by the National Civil Defence operations centre, in according with the Regional centre of Marche, in disater situations Results: The main objectives of ARES are training and organization of medical staff and structures and its growth crosses several missions including: AE Earthquake in Molise, 2002 Introduction: Cephalomedullary nails rely on a large lag screw that provides fixation into the femoral head. cache = ./cache/cord-005881-oswgjaxz.txt txt = ./txt/cord-005881-oswgjaxz.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-001835-0s7ok4uw author = nan title = Abstracts of the 29th Annual Symposium of The Protein Society date = 2015-10-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 138514 sentences = 6150 flesch = 40 summary = Altogether, these results indicate that, although PHDs might be more selective for HIF as a substrate as it was initially thought, the enzymatic activity of the prolyl hydroxylases is possibly influenced by a number of other proteins that can directly bind to PHDs. Non-natural aminoacids via the MIO-enzyme toolkit Alina Filip 1 , Judith H Bartha-V ari 1 , Gergely B an oczy 2 , L aszl o Poppe 2 , Csaba Paizs 1 , Florin-Dan Irimie 1 1 Biocatalysis and Biotransformation Research Group, Department of Chemistry, UBB, 2 Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology An attractive enzymatic route to enantiomerically pure to the highly valuable a-or b-aromatic amino acids involves the use of aromatic ammonia lyases (ALs) and aminomutases (AMs). Continuing our studies of the effect of like-charged residues on protein-folding mechanisms, in this work, we investigated, by means of NMR spectroscopy and molecular-dynamics simulations, two short fragments of the human Pin1 WW domain [hPin1(14-24); hPin1(15-23)] and one single point mutation system derived from hPin1(14-24) in which the original charged residues were replaced with non-polar alanine residues. cache = ./cache/cord-001835-0s7ok4uw.txt txt = ./txt/cord-001835-0s7ok4uw.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-001221-due9tloa author = nan title = ECR 2014, Part A date = 2014-02-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 107848 sentences = 5493 flesch = 40 summary = In short: obtaining samples for making an accurate diagnosis and also to know more about its specific biology (biomarkers); IR covers any possibility needed for vascular access; percutaneous needle ablation is the best alternative in selected patients; endovascular embolisation with "vehiculisation" of therapies is an outstanding method for selective treatment, and sometimes precise ablation, of different tumors; IR is a unique way to offer palliation in a wide range of tumoral complications, such as embolisation for bleeding, stenting for vein obstructions or drainage of fluid collections. CT may be useful for osteoid osteoma and MRI is the best imaging technique for further diagnosis and staging by displaying tumour composition and extent of bone marrow involvement, including skip lesions, presence and extent of extraosseous soft tissue mass, and involvement of neurovascular bundle, muscle compartments and adjacent joint. cache = ./cache/cord-001221-due9tloa.txt txt = ./txt/cord-001221-due9tloa.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-014670-e31g8lns author = nan title = Poster Sessions 313-503 date = 2004-10-05 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 28575 sentences = 1706 flesch = 55 summary = Over a 12-month period patients who needed reintubation after successful trial of weaning and planned extubation, in a polyvalent intensive care unit (ICU) were identified.Data including clinical features (age, sex, SAPS II on admission, Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) on day of extubation, type of patient, length of intubation and mechanical ventilation (MV) before extubation, length of ICU stay (LOS), ICU and hospital mortality) were collected.Moreover we considered two parameters that asses airway patency and protection like predictors of EF:cough strength and suctioning frequency after extubation.Cough strength on command was measured with a semiobjective scale of 0 to 5 (0= weak cough, 5= strong cough). (3/23)(13.2%), pulmonary embolism(1/23)(4.3%)and severe sepsis(1/23)(4.3%).Seven of patients who received reintubation a cause of defective airway manage needed at least one suctioning every two hours; moreover the same patients and other three with alteration in neurological function had weak cough (grade 0 to 2).The LOS of EF patients was 23±24.3 days, their ICU and hospital mortality were 39.1% and 47.8%, respectively, both higher when compared with not reintubated patients.Results of logistic regression showed that SAPS II is the only independent risk-factor of reintubation (odds ratio 1.056, sig. cache = ./cache/cord-014670-e31g8lns.txt txt = ./txt/cord-014670-e31g8lns.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-015082-l629n8is author = nan title = Poster Sessions 323-461 date = 2002-08-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 26569 sentences = 1648 flesch = 52 summary = 14 patients awaiting urgent cardiac surgical re-vascularisation were studied with measurement of: spirometry; percentage increase in transfer factor from sitting to lying position (TF) as an indicator of micro-vascular lung disease; overnight oximetry on air; and 24hour holter monitoring Patients, who were reintubated on decreased indices of arterial oxygenation under MOSF progressing died in 100% cases ( NIMV is effective method in complex therapy of ARF, developing in postoperative period after cardiac surgery, that leads to significant improvement of lungs biomechanics and gases change function. In a prospective observational study we performed bedside ptO2 measurements in 8 patients with sepsis/septic shock to gain insight in ptO2 values and their dynamic changes related to the course of the illness, as well as investigating the practical applicability of tissue oxygen measurement in the ICU setting. cache = ./cache/cord-015082-l629n8is.txt txt = ./txt/cord-015082-l629n8is.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-012778-yr8zuvw9 author = Zhang, Lei title = Quantitative efficacy of three antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia based on a real-world study in China date = 2019-08-06 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5055 sentences = 262 flesch = 46 summary = We quantified the time course of PSP improvement in patients after treatment with these three antipsychotics: olanzapine, risperidone, and aripiprazole reached an E(max) value of 80.3%, 68.2%, and 23.9% at weeks 56.7, 29.2, and 36.8, respectively. In addition, quantitative information on the long-term social functioning of schizophrenic patients treated with SGAs is scarce in current clinical practice [12, 13] , and the available information does not reflect the differences in therapeutic efficacies between various drugs. Using data from the Study of Long-term Outcomes for Schizophrenia by Atypical Antipsychotic Treatment in China (SALT-C) study, which is a multicenter, real-world clinical study, we examined the differences in efficacy between three antipsychotics (olanzapine, risperidone, and aripiprazole) to provide a guide for clinicians when choosing an antipsychotic for the individualized treatment of schizophrenia. The SALT-C study was registered at https://www.clinicaltrials.gov (identifier: NCT02640911) and produced a large data set of real-world schizophrenia patients in China recruited in an open-label 3-year follow-up clinical trial of widely used atypical antipsychotics. cache = ./cache/cord-012778-yr8zuvw9.txt txt = ./txt/cord-012778-yr8zuvw9.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-014987-nycbjqn6 author = nan title = OP 0364-0412 date = 2006-08-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9795 sentences = 580 flesch = 55 summary = In the "Prevalence of severe sepsis and septic shock in Intensive Care Units in Germany" study, a prospective observational cross-sectional study, data from 454 ICUs in 310 randomly selected hospitals in Germany were collected by local one-day visits of trained physicians from SepNet's 17 regional study centers. Despite the higher APACHE II score in both groups (median score 21 or 18.5, respectively compared with 16.5 in the enteral group, p<0.01) our results indicate that parenteral nutrition has an important attributable effect on mortality in septic patients. In this follow up study, we document the impact of intensive insulin therapy on long term mortality and objective and subjective well-being of high risk cardiac surgical patients. 4 years after ICU-admission, we assessed long term outcome of the subgroup of cardiac surgical patients (N=970) included in the original insulin trial (1) . cache = ./cache/cord-014987-nycbjqn6.txt txt = ./txt/cord-014987-nycbjqn6.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-006862-5va1yyit author = nan title = ITS ASM 2012 date = 2012-11-04 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 25959 sentences = 1689 flesch = 52 summary = 10 .45 % (n = 202) of attendances were for non-respiratory diseases as the clinic also provides follow-up for general medical patients post hospital admission. Higher levels of exercise participation were seen in the younger age groups (p = 0.585 Introduction: Respiratory diseases, largely represented by COPD, are the third most common cause of acute hospital admission.Our aim was to audit the prescribing habits of inhaled, nebulised medication and oxygen by doctors in a general hospital. Our study was designed to determine the baseline and post-treatment values of total lymphocyte count and its subsets in HIV-negative patients diagnosed with active pulmonary MTB. The results of this study indicate that AAT can inhibit LTB 4 signaling thereby reducing the proteolytic activity of neutrophils and propose AAT aerosolized augmentation therapy as an effective treatment for LTB 4 associated pulmonary diseases including cystic fibrosis and severe asthma. cache = ./cache/cord-006862-5va1yyit.txt txt = ./txt/cord-006862-5va1yyit.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-007818-jfp9uumb author = Papali, Alfred title = Infrastructure and Organization of Adult Intensive Care Units in Resource-Limited Settings date = 2019-02-09 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 15059 sentences = 654 flesch = 34 summary = Finally, so-called telemedicine in ICUs in resource-rich settings, mainly to solve the problem of physician shortages during nighttime hours and in some ICUs with low-intensity staffing [21] , has been shown to improve early identification of patients who deteriorate [22] and increases the number of interventions [23] , but the effect on ICU outcomes remains controversial [24] and costs of required technological infrastructure are high [25] . Despite the availability of specialty training programs in selected countries, regional data and the experience of the authors suggest that intensive care specialists are unavailable in many ICUs in resource-limited settings [40] . Dedicated courses in trauma and intensive care-and emergency medicine-related procedures improve knowledge in "best clinical practice" of healthcare professionals working in ICUs in resource-limited settings [56, 57] . cache = ./cache/cord-007818-jfp9uumb.txt txt = ./txt/cord-007818-jfp9uumb.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-005497-w81ysjf9 author = nan title = 40th International Symposium on Intensive Care & Emergency Medicine: Brussels, Belgium. 24-27 March 2020 date = 2020-03-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 103623 sentences = 6176 flesch = 53 summary = The positive NC group had more plasma transfusion (p-value 0.03) and a lower median hematocrit at 24 hrs (p-value 0.013), but similar hospital length of stay (p=0.17) and mortality rate (p=0.80) Conclusions: NC at ICU admission identifies subclinical AKI in TBI patients and it maight be used to predictclinical AKI. In patients with pneumonia requiring intensive care (ICU) admission, we hypothesise that abnormal right ventricular (RV) function is associated with an increased 90-day mortality. The objective of this study was to describe the incidence of each AKI stages as defined by KDIGO definition (with evaluation of urine output, serum creatinine and initiation of renal replacement therapy (RRT)), in a mixed medical and surgical population of patients hospitalized in ICU and PCU over a 10-year period (2008-2018). This study aimed at investigating the relationship of goal-directed energy and protein adequacy on clinical outcomes which includes mortality, intensive care unit(ICU) and hospital length of stay (LOS), and length of mechanical ventilation (LOMV). cache = ./cache/cord-005497-w81ysjf9.txt txt = ./txt/cord-005497-w81ysjf9.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-005777-6rvfsx4p author = nan title = PS 0420-0716 date = 2007-08-25 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 59217 sentences = 3634 flesch = 53 summary = We prospectively recorded data of all patients who were newly diagnosed with AF and all those with a septic shock on a surgical ICU (no cardiac surgery) during a one year period according to the requirements of the local ethical committee. Our aim was to evaluate the predictive role of admission APACHE II, admission and total maximum SOFA score, hypoalbuminemia, increased serum creatinine, C-reactive protein, lactate, and serum blood glucose for the 30-day mortality of septic patients admitted to medical ICU. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical presentation and to evaluate mortality associated factors (timing and accurancy of diagnosis, timing of surgery, severity score and organ failure, surgical and medical treatments). Data were extracted independently to assess intention to treat intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital mortality, days of mechanical ventilation, length of stay, incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia and pneumothorax, and associated complications of the implemented intervention. cache = ./cache/cord-005777-6rvfsx4p.txt txt = ./txt/cord-005777-6rvfsx4p.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-012518-ncrdwtdg author = nan title = Abstractband DOG 2020 date = 2020-08-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 32627 sentences = 2475 flesch = 59 summary = The improvement in tear film quality (measured by TBUT) was shown after application of trehalose/hyaluronate tear substitute for one month in both, glaucoma and control group patients with mild to moderate dry eye symptoms. Methods: For 351 eyes (275 patients) who underwent DMEK for Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD), donor ECD decrease as compared to preoperative donor ECD was evaluated up to four years after surgery. The present study included fundus images of 111 individuals with a mean refractive error of -9.3 ± 3.8 diopters (range:-20.8, +1.75) and an axial length of 26.8 ± 1.9 mm (range: 22.55, 30.88) Results: The disc-fovea distance increased significantly with longer axial length, with a relatively flat slope in the non-highly myopic eyes (Disc-Fovea-Distance = 24.3 × Axial Length (mm)+514) and a steeper slope in the highly myopic group (Disc-Fovea-Distance = 58.7 × Axial Length (mm)-460). cache = ./cache/cord-012518-ncrdwtdg.txt txt = ./txt/cord-012518-ncrdwtdg.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-004894-75w35fkd author = nan title = Abstract date = 2006-06-14 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 92116 sentences = 6264 flesch = 51 summary = The unadjusted median (25-75% percentile) sperm concentration in the non-exposed group (n = 90) is 49 (23-86) mill/ml compared to 33 (12-63) mill/ml among men exposed to >19 cigarettes per day in fetal life (n = 26 Aim: To estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity, and their effects in physical activity (PA) levels of Portuguese children and adolescents aged 10-18 years. Objectives: a) To estimate the sex-and age-adjusted annual rate of tuberculosis infection (ARTI) (per 100 person-years [%py]) among the HCWs, as indicated by tuberculin skin test conversion (TST) conversion, b) to identify occupational factors associated with significant variations in the ARTI, c) to investigate the efficacy of the regional preventive guidelines. Objectives: We assessed the total burden of adverse events (AE), and determined treatment-related risk factors for the development of various AEs. Methods: The study cohort included 1362 5-year survivors, treated in the Emma Childrens Hospital AMC in the Netherlands between 1966-1996. cache = ./cache/cord-004894-75w35fkd.txt txt = ./txt/cord-004894-75w35fkd.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-006391-esnsa4u5 author = nan title = Abstracts 5(th) Tripartite Meeting Salzburg/Austria, September 9–11,1982 date = 1982 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 44844 sentences = 2433 flesch = 50 summary = In our parallel tests using an excision-sample technique [2] which is considerably more sensitive than the DGHM procedure, we have observed the following mean reductions in the counts of accessible bacteria: iodine in ethanol, 96%; povidone-iodine, 89%; chlorhexidine in ethanol, 88%; iso-propanol, The purpose of this study was to compare radiation injury in Guinea Pig small bowel (1) devoid of contents (2) containing bile (3) containing pancreatic juice. Studies in vitro employing isolated perfused rat pancreas and stomach revealed following results: Mean basal pancreatic somatostatin release in normal, diabetic and transplanted rats were 12___3, 24-t-7, and 17__+4 pg/ml, respectively. As these changes appear closely correlated to the blood glucose levels which show a 30 % decrease at 4 h and progressive restoration towards normal values up to 24 h, attempts have been made to alter the insulin/glucagon ratio by glucose infusion after PH and study its relation to liver regeneration. cache = ./cache/cord-006391-esnsa4u5.txt txt = ./txt/cord-006391-esnsa4u5.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-006888-qfnukav4 author = nan title = Irish Thoracic Society Annual Scientific Meeting, Ramada Hotel, Belfast: 7th–8th November 2008 date = 2008-10-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 30369 sentences = 1866 flesch = 53 summary = 2 This study explored anxiety, depression and QoL of a small group of patients (n = 5), predominantly male (66.7%), mean age 74 years, using the Marie Curie ''breathing space'' outpatient clinic over a four week period. Methods: CF patients attending CUH completed a questionnaire relating to personal smoking and second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure, correlated with pulmonary function and exacerbation-rate data. This ongoing study indicates that a clinical pharmacy led management programme can reduce the need for hospital care in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD and improve aspects of their health related quality of life. There is a need for wider availability of joint hospital/ community based initiatives such as COPD Outreach and PRPs. Pulmonary rehabilitation has established efficacy, but patients often require follow-up care or maintenance. Patient data (MDS/ISWT/endurance shuttle walking test(ESWT)) from our pulmonary rehabilitation programme were initially analysed (n = 214; median FEV 1 = 1.04 L; mean age = 69 yrs). cache = ./cache/cord-006888-qfnukav4.txt txt = ./txt/cord-006888-qfnukav4.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-002774-tpqsjjet author = nan title = Section II: Poster Sessions date = 2017-12-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 83515 sentences = 5162 flesch = 54 summary = Results: The CHIP Framework The CHIP framework aims to improve the health and wellness of the urban communities served by St. Josephs Health Centre through four intersecting pillars: • Raising Community Voices provides an infrastructure and process that supports community stakeholder input into health care service planning, decision-making, and delivery by the hospital and across the continuum of care; • Sharing Reciprocal Capacity promotes healthy communities through the sharing of our intellectual and physical capacity with our community partners; • Cultivating Integration Initiatives facilitates vertical, horizontal, and intersectoral integration initiatives in support of community-identified needs and gaps; and • Facilitating Healthy Exchange develops best practices in community integration through community-based research, and facilitates community voice in informing public policy. cache = ./cache/cord-002774-tpqsjjet.txt txt = ./txt/cord-002774-tpqsjjet.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-005816-i54q5gsu author = nan title = 10(th) European Congress of Trauma and Emergency Surgery: May 13–17, 2009 Antalya, Turkey date = 2009-08-06 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 83124 sentences = 5617 flesch = 53 summary = Several factors such as the initial lack of symptoms, a low diagnostic sensitivity of the CT (34% false negatives), and the nonoperative management of solid organ injuries, have contributed to a delayed diagnosis in one of every five patients in our series, but this has not led to a significant increase in septic complications in this group. Method: The demographic features, the treatments, the intensity of the illness and mortality rate of the 155 patients in Afyon Kocatepe University General Surgery clinic between the years 2006 Background: Enterocutaneous fistula continues to be a serious surgical problem. Introduction: In our previous study, we examined the treatment results of burn patients older than 45 years, and found a significant increase in mortality with increasing age groups. Methods: Data on emergency surgical cases and admissions to the surgical service over a 3-month period were collected and analyzed; this included patient demographics, referral sources, diagnosis, operation, and length of stay (LOS Conclusion: Emergency workload represents a significant part of the work for the general surgeons. cache = ./cache/cord-005816-i54q5gsu.txt txt = ./txt/cord-005816-i54q5gsu.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-006876-v2m5l5wz author = nan title = Neurocritical Care Society 14(th) Annual Meeting date = 2016-08-11 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 59719 sentences = 3440 flesch = 47 summary = We conducted a prospective cohort study among mild and moderate-severe TBI patients admitted to a level 1 trauma center with these inclusion criteria: 1) Age < 65 years, 2) No severe non-TBI injuries, 3) No prior cardiac disease, and 4) Minimal comorbidities. In most instances, DC has been performed based on neurosurgical evaluation of the patient with or without intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring and evidence of increased shown variable outcomes in emergency (within 4 hours of injury) neurosurgical procedure in Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). This is an observational cohort study of adult patients (>18 years) in a 10-bed NSICU at an academic, tertiary care center evaluating quality outcome measures pre-and post-neurointensivists. Intensivists in neuro ICU must consistently assess and treat the non-neurological complications in traumatic brain and spine-injured patients and deliver appropriate care to bring down the mortality and morbidity and improve outcome. cache = ./cache/cord-006876-v2m5l5wz.txt txt = ./txt/cord-006876-v2m5l5wz.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-006854-o2e5na78 author = nan title = Scientific Session of the 16th World Congress of Endoscopic Surgery, Jointly Hosted by Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES) & Canadian Association of General Surgeons (CAGS), Seattle, Washington, USA, 11–14 April 2018: Poster Abstracts date = 2018-04-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 166047 sentences = 10353 flesch = 47 summary = Totally Laparoscopic ALPPS Combined with the Microwave Ablation for a Patient with a Huge HCC Hua Zhang; Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University Introduction: Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) is a novel technique for resecting hepatic tumors that were previously considered unresectable due to the insufficient future liver remnant (FLR) which may result in postoperative liver failure (PLF). Not only does this case show that a large epiphrenic diverticulm can be successfully resected via the trans-abdominal laparoscopic approach, this case makes the argument that patients undergoing any minimally-invasive epiphrenic diverticulectomy and myotomy, with or without fundoplication, may be successfully managed with early post-operative contrast studies and dietary advancement, thus decreasing their length of hospitalization and overall cost of treatment. Introduction: There are reports of increased operative duration, blood loss and postoperative morbidity, caused by difficulties in obtaining good visualization and in controlling bleeding when laparoscopic resection is performed in obese patients with colon cancer. cache = ./cache/cord-006854-o2e5na78.txt txt = ./txt/cord-006854-o2e5na78.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-014687-0am4l5ms author = nan title = SPR 2012 date = 2012-03-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 98592 sentences = 5600 flesch = 43 summary = This presentation will focus on recent developments that have lead to a better understanding of the embryopathogenesis for fibropolycystic liver diseases (including choledochal cysts and Caroli disease), histopathological findings that have led to new classification systems for of pediatric vascular anomalies, technological advances and contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging that are useful to characterize and limit the differential diagnosis of hepatic masses. Disclosure: Dr. Annapragada has indicated that he is a stock holder and consultant for Marval Biosciences Inc. Paper #: PA-067 Cardiovascular Image Quality Using a Nanoparticle CT Contrast Agent: Preliminary Studies in a Pig Model Rajesh Krishnamurthy, Radiology, Texas Children's Hospital, rxkrishn@texaschildrens.org; Ketan Ghaghada, Prakash Masand, Abhay Divekar, Eric Hoffman, Ananth Annapragada Purpose or Case Report: Image quality in a separate study using a long circulating, liposomal-based nanoscale blood pool iodinated contrast agent (NCTX) suggests clinical utility in pediatrics, potentially reducing difficulties in contrast-CT of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) including the size of intravenous cannula, need for accurate timing, inability to simultaneously opacify multiple targets of interest (requiring repeated contrast administration and/or repeated imaging). cache = ./cache/cord-014687-0am4l5ms.txt txt = ./txt/cord-014687-0am4l5ms.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-014540-27hnlu5v author = Sutthiruk, Nantanit title = Abstracts from the 8th International Congress of the Asia Pacific Society of Infection Control (APSIC): Bangkok, Thailand. 12-15 February 2017 date = 2017-02-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 24509 sentences = 1304 flesch = 46 summary = A secondary questionnaire was sent to determine whether any cases showed a positive blood or cerebral spinal fluid culture for Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing GNB, AmpC β-lactamases producing GNB, or carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriacae (CRE) between April 2012 and March 2015.The following data were collected; demographic data pertaining to both the care facilities and patients, clinical diagnosis, and outcomes. Utilization of diagnosis-procedure combination data for advancing the antimicrobial stewardship program Haruo Nakayama, Toshiko Ota, Naoko Shirane, Chikako Matuoka, Kentaro Kodama, Masanobu Ohtsuka Toho University Ohashi medical center, Tokyo, Japan Background Infection with antibiotic-resistant bacteria results in increased morbidity, mortality and economic burden. The purpose of this study was to test the effectively of the Infection Control Risk Assessment (ICRA) monitoring tool developed by the Infection Prevention and Control Unit (IPCU) of Asian Hospital and Medical Center with the aim to increase the compliance of construction workers to recommended infection prevention and control measures during construction, renovation and demolition in the hospital. cache = ./cache/cord-014540-27hnlu5v.txt txt = ./txt/cord-014540-27hnlu5v.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-006182-kck5e1ry author = nan title = 17th Annual Meeting, Neurocritical Care Society, October 15–18, 2019, Vancouver, Canada date = 2019-10-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 87645 sentences = 4817 flesch = 46 summary = The primary objective of COGiTATE (CppOpt GuIded Therapy Assessment of Target Effectiveness) is to demonstrate feasibility of individualising CPP at CPPopt in TBI patients, expressed as the percentage of monitoring time for which CPP is within 5 mmHg of regularly updated CPPopt targets during the first 5 days of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission. Neurocritical care has become increasingly subspecialized.Yet, due to limited availability of dedicated Neurocritical Care units (NCCUs), often patients may need to be admitted to ICUs other than NCCUs. This survey based study was conducted to explore self-reported knowledge in recognizing and managing some common neurological emergencies such as stroke, status epilepticus, raised intracranial pressure etc among critical care nurses at a Comprehensive Stroke Center. Coagulation factor Xa (recombinant), inactivated-Xa inhibitor associated life--factor prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) was utilized offRetrospective, single center, cohort study including adult intracranial hemorrhage patients who received discharge between efficacy (defined by International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis criteria), thrombotic events, ICU and hospital length of stay, and mortality. cache = ./cache/cord-006182-kck5e1ry.txt txt = ./txt/cord-006182-kck5e1ry.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-003532-lcgeingz author = nan title = 39th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine: Brussels, Belgium, 19-22 March 2019 date = 2019-03-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 79997 sentences = 5146 flesch = 52 summary = It's proposed to evaluate the association between myocardial injury biomarkers, high-sensitive troponin T (hs-cTnT) and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-ProBNP), with inflammatory mediators (IL-6, IL-1Β , IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 / IL-23p40, IL17A, IL-21 and TNF-α ) and biomarkers, C protein reactive (CPR) and procalcitonin (PCT), in septic patients Methods: This was a prospective cohort study performed in three intensive care units, from September 2007 to September 2010 enrolling patients with sepsis (infection associated with organ dysfunction), and septic shock (hypotension refractory by fluids infusion requiring vasopressor). Blood samples were collected up to 48h after the development of first organ dysfunction (D0) and on the 7th day after inclusion in the study (D7) Results: Ninety-five patients were enrolled, with median age 64 years (interquatile?48-78), APACHE II: median 19 (14-22), SOFA: median 8 (5-10); 24.2% were admitted in ICU with sepsis and 75.8% with septic shock. cache = ./cache/cord-003532-lcgeingz.txt txt = ./txt/cord-003532-lcgeingz.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-005646-xhx9pzhj author = nan title = 2nd World Congress on Pediatric Intensive Care 1996 Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 23–26 June 1996 Abstracts of Oral Presentations, Posters and Nursing Programme date = 1996 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 72031 sentences = 4734 flesch = 56 summary = Aims and methods The aim of both a prospective and retrospective survey conducted in German pediatric intensive care units in 1993 was to accumulate data on the epidemiology, risk factors, natural history and treatment strategies in a large group of pediatric ARDS patients who were treated in the tt~ee year period from 1991 to 1993.All patients had acute bilateral alveolar infiltration of noncardiogenic origin and a pO2~iO2 ratio < 150mmHg. The influence of sex, underlying disease and single organ failure was analyzed using the Fischer's exact test, the influence of additional organ failure on mortality was tested with the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszet statistics. cache = ./cache/cord-005646-xhx9pzhj.txt txt = ./txt/cord-005646-xhx9pzhj.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-015126-cyhcbk1j author = nan title = PS 0036-0344 date = 2007-08-25 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 59175 sentences = 3672 flesch = 54 summary = We compared them with ≥70 years old and an ICU stay < 30 days patients, the differences in ICU mortality, Apache II, age, gender and the necessity for renal replacement therapy (RRT) were not significant (see table) . The patients with mild form of acute pancreatitis had low mortality rate (similar to general ward population) despite positive ICU admission criteria in our case series with fifty per cent development of severe form with organ dysfunction/failure later on. Collected data:Demographics,Management prior and during ICU hospitalization (sedation, catecolamin drug use, blood product transfusion, intra-cranial pressure monitoring, neurosurgical emergency surgery etc.),CT-Scan results, Daily worst Glasgow coma scale, admission Simplified Acute Physiology Score II. This prospective interventional study performed in a surgical Intensive Care Unit of a tertiary University Hospital included 35 (21 males) mechanically ventilated and sedated patients with acute cardiovascular failure requiring cardiac output measurement (transpulmonary thermodilution technique)and a fluid challenge. cache = ./cache/cord-015126-cyhcbk1j.txt txt = ./txt/cord-015126-cyhcbk1j.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-005727-li8pwigg author = nan title = ESICM 2010 MONDAY SESSIONS 11 October 2010 date = 2010-08-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 102770 sentences = 6408 flesch = 53 summary = Since, continuous epidural analgesia provides the required level of analgesia to support early mobilization and significant reduction in pulmonary and cardiovascular morbidity in the early postoperative period, we postulated that the use of low dose of continuous epidural morphine might improve postoperative analgesia and reduce undesirable side effects in elderly patientsTherefore, the present study was designed to evaluate the effects of morphine administered via epidural patients controlled analgesia and intravenous tramadol + metamizol on postoperative pain control and side effects in elderly patients after major abdominal surgery. For each ventilated patient the following data was registered:Age, APACHE II, the reason of admission, risk factors, use NIV, MV duration, timing of tracheostomy, time of diagnosis of VAP, microbiological data, length of stay and mortality in ICU. 23rd ESICM ANNUAL CONGRESS -BARCELONA, SPAIN -9-13 OCTOBER 2010 S131 Evaluated factors: patient characteristics, signs, symptoms, abscess location, time between symptoms and hospital admission and surgery, lab results, microbiology, antibiotic therapy, APACHE2, SAPS2, SOFA, length of ICU stay, surgical re-intervention, duration of mechanical ventilation, infectious complications, critical illness myopathy (CIM), renal replacement therapy (RRT), re-intubation, tracheotomy, mortality. cache = ./cache/cord-005727-li8pwigg.txt txt = ./txt/cord-005727-li8pwigg.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-014533-6qfecv5h author = Velasquez, T. title = ESICM LIVES 2016: part three: Milan, Italy. 1–5 October 2016 date = 2016-09-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 88380 sentences = 5139 flesch = 52 summary = P. Tirapu; Navarro-Guillamón, L.; Cordovilla-Guardia, S.; Iglesias-Santiago, A.; Guerrero-López, F.; Fernández-Mondéjar, E.; Vidal, A.; Perez, M.; Juez, A.; Arias, N.; Colino, L.; Perez, J. Methods: This descriptive observational study was conducted on consecutive 100 pediatric surgical patients who admitted to PSICUs at Cairo University Hospitals starting from 1/6-1/12/2015.After approval by research ethics committee,informed consents were obtained from parents and pediatric cases aged from 1 month-18 years and stayed for > 48 h were enrolled.MPV and PLC were obtained and recorded at baseline(preoperative values),on the day of ICU admission(day 0),1 st ,2 nd ,3 rd ,5 th and 7 th days.To measure daily MPV changes; (ΔMPV) was constructed and computed where ΔMPV = ([MPVday(X) − MPVday (0)]/MPVday(0) × 100 %. Results: The results obtained after analyzing the two homogeneous groups according to age, gender, type of admission and severity influencing the physiotherapy care in ICU quality indicators, in the Sagrada Esperança clinic, highlights the decrease of the average number of days with mechanical ventilation but it is not observed a significant relation between physical therapy and this indicator (p = 0:06). cache = ./cache/cord-014533-6qfecv5h.txt txt = ./txt/cord-014533-6qfecv5h.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-015090-n6f4xupw author = nan title = PS 339-563 date = 2005-09-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 26280 sentences = 1560 flesch = 53 summary = We designed this study to examine the effects of fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) with and without BAL on body temperature, systemic arterial pressure, heart rate and supportive therapies requirements in mechanically ventilated patients. Clinical characteristics (Glasgow scale, heart rate, systolic blood pressure), cardiac enzymes (troponin I, total serum creatine kinase and myocardial isoenzyme, myoglobin), ECG changes (ST-T changes, prolonged QT and corrected QT intervals), echocardiographic assessment of cardiac function (left ventricular ejection fraction, hypokinesia) were studied on the day of the admission. It is a prospective study performed during 12 months of the patients with brain trauma admitted in a 24-beds medical-surgical ICU of a 650-beds university hospital. This prospective observational study included 200 adult patients admitted to a 31-bed university hospital medical-surgical ICU during a 3-month period. cache = ./cache/cord-015090-n6f4xupw.txt txt = ./txt/cord-015090-n6f4xupw.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-006870-f5w6fw6q author = nan title = Abstracts Presented at the Neurocritical Care Society (NCS) 15th Annual Meeting date = 2017-09-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 122221 sentences = 6828 flesch = 47 summary = Subjective perceptions of recovery were assessed via responses to the forced-choice dichotomized question, "Do you feel that you have made a complete recovery from the arrest?"Objective outcome measures of recovery included: Repeatable Battery for Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), Modified Lawton Physical Self-Maintenance Scale (L-ADL), Barthel Index (BI), Cerebral Performance Category Scale (CPC), Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale (CES-D), and Post traumatic stress disorder-checklist (PTSD-C). Utilizing data from the Citicoline Brain Injury Treatment (COBRIT) trial, a prospective multicenter study, we identified 224 patients who met the inclusion criteria; 1) placement of an ICP monitoring device, 2) Glasgow coma score (GCS) less than 9, 3) EVD placement prior to arrival or within 6 hours of arrival at the study institution. The objective of this study was to examine the incidence rates of pre-specified medical and neurological ICU complications, and their impact on post-traumatic in-hospital mortality and 12month functional outcomes. cache = ./cache/cord-006870-f5w6fw6q.txt txt = ./txt/cord-006870-f5w6fw6q.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-015334-8p124rwp author = nan title = ESCP 36th European Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy ‘Implementing Clinical Pharmacy in Community and Hospital Settings: Sharing the Experience’, Istanbul, Turkey 25–27 October 2007; Abstracts date = 2008-06-11 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 51143 sentences = 3291 flesch = 51 summary = Based on the results of the pharmacoeconomic analysis, development of clinical pharmacy and CIVAS for some drugs will be discussed with the paediatric department Background and Objective: Studies show that up to 38% of patients starting treatment with antidepressants fill only a single prescription at the pharmacy, apparently not accepting treatment. Main Outcome Measures: Data collected were: nurses' profile (age, length of service, competencies' self-assessment), knowledge on drugs prescribed to their patients (usage, administration, side-effects, drug interactions…), use of existing tools (i.e. drugs database) and possible tools to be developed by the pharmacy ward to help them in their daily practice. The objectives were:(1)To identify the most relevant minor ailments, agreeing on the specific criteria for referral to the GP.(2)To select the non-prescription drugs, with evidence of safety and effectiveness, for the treatment of the identified minor ailments Design: Qualitative study with an expert panel which was made up of 2 primary care physician from SEMFYC and six community pharmacists (two members of SEFAC and four members of GIAF-UGR). cache = ./cache/cord-015334-8p124rwp.txt txt = ./txt/cord-015334-8p124rwp.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-016130-5q9ufu28 author = Linday, Linda A. title = Nutritional Supplements and Upper Respiratory Tract Illnesses in Young Children in the United States date = 2010-12-17 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 11336 sentences = 528 flesch = 47 summary = Our clinical research demonstrates that daily supplementation with a flavored cod liver oil (which meets European purity standards) and a children's multivitamin-mineral with trace metals, including Se, can decrease morbidity from upper respiratory tract illnesses, otitis media, and sinusitis in young children living in the United States. This chapter discusses the role of essential fatty acids, vitamins, and trace metals in the pathophysiology of inflammation; reviews our clinical research on the use of a lemon-flavored cod liver oil (which meets European purity standards) and a children's chewable multivitamin-mineral with Se for the prevention and adjunctive treatment of these disorders; reviews the history of cod liver oil, including its importance in the discovery of vitamin D and the anti-infective properties of vitamin A; and discusses the current clinical use of these supplements. cache = ./cache/cord-016130-5q9ufu28.txt txt = ./txt/cord-016130-5q9ufu28.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-014464-m5n250r2 author = Sole-Violan, J title = Lethal influenza virus A H1N1 infection in two relatives with autosomal dominant GATA-2 deficiency date = 2013-03-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 98961 sentences = 5553 flesch = 54 summary = Results In preliminary analysis of categorical data, a signifi cantly (Fisher exact test) greater proportion of patients with compared with without the following fi ndings did not survive; history of alcohol use (P = 0.05); the presence of lethargy (P = 0.01), confusion (P = 0.03), nausea (P = 0.04), abdominal pain (P = 0.02), or the need for vasopressors (P = 0.002), oxygen, mechanical ventilation, or steroids (all P = 0.004) at presentation; and excessive bleeding at surgery (P = 0.01). Methods To prospectively re-evaluate the normal range and to analyze the potential impact of biometric data on ICG-PDR, we measured ICG-PDR (i.v. injection of 0.25 mg/kg ICG; LiMON, Pulsion, Munich, Introduction Mixed venous oxygen saturation (SVO 2 ) represents a well-recognized parameter of oxygen delivery (DO 2 )-consumption (VO 2 ) mismatch and its use has been advocated in critically ill patients in order to guide hemodynamic resuscitation [1] and oxygen delivery optimization. cache = ./cache/cord-014464-m5n250r2.txt txt = ./txt/cord-014464-m5n250r2.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-000718-7whai7nr author = nan title = ESP Abstracts 2012 date = 2012-08-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 166497 sentences = 12847 flesch = 49 summary = Method: We analyzed consecutive gastric cancer cases in terms of AMACR immunohistochemical expression and clinical/pathological characteristics and followed patients' postoperative history. Results: Histological, immunohistochemical and molecular examination revealed non-neoplastic lymphadenopathy with atypical paracortical T-cell hyperplasia with immunoblastic reaction in the former and burnt-out histiocytic pattern in the latter, both falling into a broad spectrum of reactive lymph node changes associated with Still's disease. Method: We have thus collected, from our two Institutions a large number (45 cases) of cancers showing the histological definition of adenosquamous carcinomas according to the WHO criteria and performed gene analysis for k-RAS (codons 12, 13) and EGFR (codons 18, 19 and 21) mutations. Objective: We previously identified amplified fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGFR1) as a therapeutic target for small molecule inhibitor (SMI) therapy in squamous cell lung cancer (L-SCC), resulting in currently running clinical trials treating patients with stage III disease. cache = ./cache/cord-000718-7whai7nr.txt txt = ./txt/cord-000718-7whai7nr.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-015024-2xzc0uc5 author = nan title = ESICM 2010 WEDNESDAY SESSIONS 13 October 2010 date = 2010-08-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 84393 sentences = 5234 flesch = 52 summary = We performed a prospective clinical study in a 17-bed multidisciplinary intensive care unit, including 21 patients with controlled mechanical ventilation and monitored with the Vigileo Ò monitor, for whom the decision to give fluids was taken due to the presence of circulatory, including arterial hypotension (MAP B 65 mmHg or systolic arterial pressure \90 mmHg), and preserved preload-responsiveness condition, defined as SVV C10%. The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate four severity scoring systems in intensive care unit (ICU), including APACHE II, APACHE III, SASP II and MODS in severe septic patient. A prospective observational study was performed in 16 mechanically ventilated critically ill patients (12 M, age 49 ± 17 yr, BMI 25 ± 5 kg/m 2 , ICU admission day 5 ± 3, APACHE II on study 20 ± 7; mean ± SD) and 6 healthy subjects (3 M, age 24 ± 9 year, BMI 24 ± 45 kg/m 2 ). cache = ./cache/cord-015024-2xzc0uc5.txt txt = ./txt/cord-015024-2xzc0uc5.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-015335-l0kjxhd1 author = nan title = Irish Society of Gastroenterology: Proceedings for summer meeting – 26th/27th May 1995 in Galway date = 1995 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8724 sentences = 508 flesch = 52 summary = The results suggest that an aneuploid DNA pattern is a predictor of high risk potential for metastases to the liver and may be a useful tool in the "followup" of patients with gastric carcinoma in detecting those at high risk of developing metastases following surgical resection. A partially purified preparation of oesophageal tumour-derived inimune suppressor factor that has been shown to be free of all known cytokines was tested in dose-ranging studies on cell proliferation and apoptosis using lymphocytes from the mutant and control mice. Currie et al have demonstrated that arginase is cytotoxic to tumour cells by depletion of the essential amino acid L-arginine, therefore the aim of this study was to determine the role of this enzyme in colorectal tumour-derived MOs. Human peripheral blood monocytes (PBM) were isolated from aged-matched controls (CON) and from blood pre-operatively obtained from patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer. cache = ./cache/cord-015335-l0kjxhd1.txt txt = ./txt/cord-015335-l0kjxhd1.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-010980-sizuef1v author = nan title = ECTES Abstracts 2020 date = 2020-05-11 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 132644 sentences = 8727 flesch = 53 summary = We hypothesized that presentation to a PTC would yield increased mortality when subspecialty intervention was required and that this would be most pronounced at night when in-house attending coverage is absent at all state PTCs. Materials and methods: A review of the Pennsylvania Trauma Outcome Study (PTOS) database was performed to capture patients aged 12-18 who underwent any non-orthopedic trauma surgery. Traumatic subaxial cervical fractures: functional prognostic factors and survival analysis Introduction: The main goal of this study is to identify the risk factors for poor functional outcomes and to analyze the overall survival (OS) and complications rate in patients with traumatic cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) and subaxial cervical fracture (SACF) treated with open surgical fixation. After applying a multiple imputation on all the study variables, a logistic regression generalized estimating equation after adjustment for age, sex, mechanism of trauma, and the injury severity score as covariates and hospitals as a cluster assessed an association between quartile of patient volume in intensive care unit and hospital mortality. cache = ./cache/cord-010980-sizuef1v.txt txt = ./txt/cord-010980-sizuef1v.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-015935-r2wd1yfa author = Sokol, Deborah K. title = The Genetics of Autism date = 2011-02-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 11276 sentences = 598 flesch = 45 summary = Another offshoot of microarray technology is submicroscopic chromosome copy number variation (CNV) analysis, in which deletions or duplications involving > 1-kb DNA have been detected in patients with mental retardation, autism, and multiple congenital anomalies. Technology compatible with this approach includes cytogenetics (including karyotyping and FISH), gene association studies (analysis of genes and protein system from less complex genetic syndromes similar to autism such as Rett and fragile X syndromes), linkage studies (including genome screens in affected sibling pairs), microarray technology, and CNV analysis. Cytogenetic approaches provided the first evidence for an autism gene 40 years ago when Lubs (1969) identified an abnormal or "fragile" site on the long arm of chromosome X in four males with mental retardation, leading to the recognition of fragile X syndrome (FXS). As chromosome 7q has been discussed in section "Cytogenetics: Rare Mutations," chromosome 2 and then 17q11 will follow the description of how linkage studies led to the discovery of the gene loci for a syndromic form of autism: tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). cache = ./cache/cord-015935-r2wd1yfa.txt txt = ./txt/cord-015935-r2wd1yfa.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-011062-ukz4hnmy author = nan title = Poster date = 2020-03-11 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 88313 sentences = 5669 flesch = 55 summary = Ming-Yueh Chou 1,3 , Ying-Hsin Hsu 1 , Yu-Chun Wang 1 , Chih-Kuang Liang 1,3 , Li-Ning Peng 2,4 , Liang-Kung Chen 2,4 , Yu-Te Lin 1 ((1) Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; (2) Aging and Health Research Center, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; (3) Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Yang Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; (4) Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan) Background: Older people with frailty are at risk of adverse outcomes, such as falls, functional decline and mortality, and multi-domain intervention program may prevent those. Conclusion: Our study showed that a multicomponent exercise program is effective for posthospitalization patients because after 24-week intervention there were significant reductions in frailty and improving results in muscle strength and physical performance. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of 757 communitydwelling older adults who completed multi-domain geriatric screen assessing for social vulnerability, mood, cognition, functional performance, nutrition, physical frailty (FRAIL) and sarcopenia (SARC-F). cache = ./cache/cord-011062-ukz4hnmy.txt txt = ./txt/cord-011062-ukz4hnmy.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-016472-jj7fqcen author = Freudenberg, Nicholas title = Health Research Behind Bars: A Brief Guide to Research in Jails and Prisons date = 2007 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7502 sentences = 325 flesch = 36 summary = For health researchers and their collaborators, the audience for this chapter, correctional facilities offer several unique advantages: a population at high risk of many health problems including infectious and chronic diseases, substance abuse, and mental health problems; social and physical environments that can enhance or impede well-being; a setting that is a focal point for the class, racial/ethnic, and gender differences that divide the United States; a site where health and mental health services and prevention programs are offered and can be evaluated; a controlled environment for administration of treatments such as directly observed therapy for tuberculosis; and a stopping point in the cycle of incarceration and reentry that so profoundly affects community well-being. cache = ./cache/cord-016472-jj7fqcen.txt txt = ./txt/cord-016472-jj7fqcen.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-017208-7oew461e author = Aurigemma, Rosemarie title = Regulatory Aspects in the Development of Gene Therapies date = 2005 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 18290 sentences = 816 flesch = 37 summary = Table 1 Beyond a Good Idea: What the Successful Investigator Has Already Done With a Project Leading to Commercial Development Defined candidate biologic (or molecule) Made comparisons with similar products Characteristics of product are consistent with pharmaceutical requirements Production scale is adequate Product characterization is adequate Laboratory reference standard exists In vitro potency assay has been developed Stability studies develop confidence product is a "drug" Reproducible model systems have confirmed in vivo activity with clinical product Early animal work includes some toxicology Scale-up requirements practical for initial clinical trials In general, reflects experience and scientific maturity of investigator In addition to the US agencies that develop the regulations that govern drug development and licensing, the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) was formed in April 1990 involving the United States, the European Union, and Japan to address the issue of globalizing such regulations. cache = ./cache/cord-017208-7oew461e.txt txt = ./txt/cord-017208-7oew461e.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-005105-twsy61oq author = nan title = SIU 2015 Abstracts date = 2015-09-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 124096 sentences = 7584 flesch = 54 summary = Th e present study is based on a retrospective analysis of a database of over 600 patients (age range 17-57 years) who met the consensus criteria for bacterial prostatitis, 75% of whom had dysuria, 35% perineal discomfort, 60% had obstructive luts, 37% infertility of unknown etiology, 10% erectile dysfunction and 25% recurrent infection of the partner. Further research is needed to determine to assess whether localization of small volume disease on 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT can improve diagnostic algorithms and outcomes in patients with recurrent PCa. Introduction and Objective: To assess long-term results of salvage pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) in prostate cancer (PC) patients (pts) with biochemical recurrence aft er primary local treatment and confi rmed solitary lymph node (LN) metastases. cache = ./cache/cord-005105-twsy61oq.txt txt = ./txt/cord-005105-twsy61oq.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-008777-i2reanan author = nan title = ECB12: 12th European Congess on Biotechnology date = 2005-07-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 151383 sentences = 7577 flesch = 43 summary = Mollerup Department of Chemical Engineering, Building 229, DTU, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark A variety of factors that govern the properties of proteins are utilized in the development of chromatographic processes for the recovery of biological products including the binding and release of protons, the non-covalent association with non-polar groups (often hydrophobic interactions), the association of small ions (ion exchange) and the highly specific antigen-antibody interaction (affinity interactions). Such fermenters will be needed in order to meet the increasing pressure on costs for low price commodity type products such as single cell protein or food and technical grade enzymes, and to meet the demands of the new wave of white biotech, in which bio-produced chemicals must be made at prices competitive with those of the traditional chemical industry. The presentation will focus on use of the sensitive sandwich hybridization technology for the quantitative analysis of process relevant marker genes in different kind of microbial cell cultures with a focus on the production of recombinant proteins. cache = ./cache/cord-008777-i2reanan.txt txt = ./txt/cord-008777-i2reanan.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-020316-xr9h4c1q author = nan title = Million women study most wanted in 2003 date = 2004-04-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 223 sentences = 22 flesch = 46 summary = key: cord-020316-xr9h4c1q authors: nan cord_uid: xr9h4c1q nan MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20 536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo-controlled trial Prevention of coronary and stroke events with atorvastatin in hypertensive patients who have average or lower-than-average cholesterol concentrations, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial--Lipid Lowering Arm (ASCOT-LLA): a multicentre randomised controlled trial Comparison of carvedilol and metoprolol on clinical outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure in the Carvedilol Or Metoprolol European Trial (COMET): randomised controlled trial Advances in cystic fibrosis Cystic fibrosis Elusive schizophrenia genes Genes for schizophrenia? Detecting ovarian cancer Use of proteomic patterns in serum to identify ovarian cancer Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol-lowering with simvastatin in 5963 people with diabetes: a randomised placebo-controlled trial Combination treatment of angiotensin-II receptor blocker and angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor in non-diabetic renal disease (COOPERATE): a randomised controlled trial cache = ./cache/cord-020316-xr9h4c1q.txt txt = ./txt/cord-020316-xr9h4c1q.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-014996-p6q0f37c author = nan title = Posters_Monday_12 October 2009 date = 2009-08-06 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 85190 sentences = 5288 flesch = 54 summary = Data recorded on admission were the patient demographics with, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II score (APACHE II), and type of admission; during intensive care stay, sepsis-related organ failure assessment score (SOFA) and clinical concomitant factors and conditions. For each severe septic patient the following data was registered: time delay, APACHE II and SOFA scores at ICU admission, diagnosis, the rate of compliance with the resucitation and management bundles, microbiological data, evolution of levels of serum lactate, empiric antibiotic therapy, length of stay and mortality in ICU. Sepsis and septic shock remain the most important causes of acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients and account for more than 50% of cases of acute renal failure (ARF) in intensive care units (ICU). There were no significant differences between the demographic data (sex, age) or the data on admission to intensive care (APACHE II score, ratio of medical to surgical patients) and duration of mechanical ventilation between the two groups. cache = ./cache/cord-014996-p6q0f37c.txt txt = ./txt/cord-014996-p6q0f37c.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-017955-oipail5l author = Wilkie, David A. title = The Ophthalmic Examination as It Pertains to General Ocular Toxicology: Basic and Advanced Techniques and Species-Associated Findings date = 2013-08-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 12662 sentences = 668 flesch = 46 summary = However, if the purpose of such a study is to screen for adverse effects on any ocular tissue including, at a minimum, the adnexal structures (eyelids and conjunctiva), anterior segment (cornea, anterior chamber, iris, and lens), and posterior segment (vitreous and fundus), the following must be included: Additional procedures may be included depending on the objective of the examination. Additional examination procedures such as direct ophthalmoscopy, corneal staining, tonometry, pachymetry, fluorescein angiography, photographic documentation (anterior or posterior segment), electrodiagnostic testing, ultrasonography, OCT, and other tests may be indicated depending on the study and toxicologic effects of interest. Examples of ocular findings that may be progressive during the course of the study and Common background abnormalities will vary by species, but may include ocular trauma associated with shipping, congenital embryonic remnants such as persistent pupillary membrane (PPM) and persistent hyaloid artery (PHA), extravasation of blood in association with a PHA, corneal opacity/dystrophy, coloboma (iris, lens, choroid), cataract, micropapilla, optic nerve hypoplasia, and retinal dysplasia [1, 7-9, 11, 16-28] . cache = ./cache/cord-017955-oipail5l.txt txt = ./txt/cord-017955-oipail5l.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-022659-chwk2bs4 author = nan title = Abstracts: Poster session date = 2004-10-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 49153 sentences = 2598 flesch = 49 summary = We investigated the usefulness of informant-based data in Alzheimer's disease (AD) by comparing caregivers' subjective evaluations of 83 probable A D patients' performance on an abbreviated version of the Memory Self-Report Questionnaire to objective evaluations derived from an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests and to clinicians' evaluations. Compared with 89 subjects (mean age 75.2 yr; 34 men, 55 women) with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT), there were no significant group differences for comparable Clinical Dementia Rating stages of dementia for measures of language, Activities of Daily Living, or general cognition. The mean age at onset did not differ significantly between handedness groups (F [ l,lOO] = .82), but the mean duration of symptoms ( Alterations in the optical properties of brain can be used to detect pathological changes in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). cache = ./cache/cord-022659-chwk2bs4.txt txt = ./txt/cord-022659-chwk2bs4.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-006860-a3b8hyyr author = nan title = 40th Annual Meeting of the GTH (Gesellschaft für Thrombose- und Hämostaseforschung) date = 1996 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 90660 sentences = 5152 flesch = 50 summary = Dept of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Kiel and Mtinster, Germany Resistance to activated protein C (APCR), in the majority of cases associated with the Arg 506 Gin point mutation in the factor V gene is present in more than 50 % of patients < 60 years of age with unexplained thrombophilia. The regular APC resistance test is not applicable to plasma from Orally anticoagulated (OAC) or heparinized patients due to decreased levels of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors and to thrombin inhibition by antithrombin, respectively. On admission an extensive coagulation screen yielded the following results (n/normal, t/elevated, I/reduced, +/positive, -/negative): PT t, aPTT t, Tr n, factor II, V, VIII n, factor VII, IX, XI, XII /,, fibrinogan t, ATIII n, protein C, S *, activated protein C sensitivity ratio 1.92 ($), FV-Leidenmutation PCR -, fibrinolytic system n, TAT t, Ft÷2 t, lupus anticoagulant +, heparin induced platelet antibodies +; no diagnosis of a specific autoimmuna disorder could be made. cache = ./cache/cord-006860-a3b8hyyr.txt txt = ./txt/cord-006860-a3b8hyyr.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-015348-qt0worsl author = nan title = Abstract date = 2010-07-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 74085 sentences = 4714 flesch = 45 summary = However, the application of the compounds in clinical trials has revealed promising results only when predictive procedures have been available for determining which patients will benefit from targeting therapy, so-called eligibility or predictive tests, e.g. Her2 in breast cancer, KRAS and EGFR mutations in colorectal cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. Conclusion: We report on the development of a quantitative tissue-based immunohistochemical (IHC) methodology employing activation-specific antibodies against multiple components of the BCR signaling pathway that will assess the activity of the BCR pathway in formalin-fixed paraffinembedded primary DLBCLs. This approach will identify the subset of patient tumors that are actively signaling through the BCR pathway and, therefore, will predict therapeutic responsiveness to targeted inhibition of BCR signaling. Method: In our study, we investigate 120 cases diagnosed with invasive breast carcinoma in which we established microscopic characterization, immunohistochemical profiles (expression of proliferation markers, steroid receptors and Her2) and computer-assisted morphometric profiles by determining the mean values for nuclear area, cellular area and N/C ratio with Lucia Net Software. cache = ./cache/cord-015348-qt0worsl.txt txt = ./txt/cord-015348-qt0worsl.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-022082-1dq623oe author = Greaves, Peter title = Respiratory Tract date = 2007-09-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 19683 sentences = 935 flesch = 31 summary = In the case of tulobuterol, a 32-adrenergic receptor agonist, it was argued that the nasal inflammation induced in rats in a one month inhalation toxicity study was the result of a particularly high exposure of the nasal epithelium to drug, not representative of the likely human exposure to tulobuterol by inhalation, where little or no nasal exposure would occur.^^ RP73401 [3cyclopentyloxy)-Ar-(3,5-dichloro-4-pyridy)-4-methoxybenzamide], a novel type IV phosphodiesterase inhibitor which was being developed for the treatment of asthma and rheumatoid arthritis, was also reported to produce degeneration of the olfactory epithelium in rats but neither dogs nor mice after single and repeated oral doses and by inhalation.^^ Histologically, the olfactory epithelium showed necrosis of the superflcial epithelial layers including the sustentacular and sensory cells, with sparing of the basal cell layer. cache = ./cache/cord-022082-1dq623oe.txt txt = ./txt/cord-022082-1dq623oe.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-015569-vy49r1zd author = nan title = Abstracts from the 45(th) Annual Meeting of Japanese Association for the Stusy of Taste and Smell (JASTS 2011), Kanazawa, Japan, October 5-7(th), 2011 (The president of the meeting was Dr. Takaki Miwa, Kanazawa Medical University) date = 2012-05-17 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 18852 sentences = 939 flesch = 51 summary = In this study, in order to test whether the cadherins are required for formation of synapse between gustatory nerve fibers and taste receptor cells, we have investigated expression patterns of cadherin superfamily in the taste buds. Therefore, this study aimed to examine differences in immunoreactivities under various tissue-preparing conditions in rat vallate taste buds for some typical markers of gustatory cells as follows: gustducin, type III inositol triphosphate receptor (IP 3 R3), synaptobrevin-2 (VAMP2), protein gene product 9.5 (PGP9.5), and neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM). Mainly developing artificial-lipids-based taste sensors with global selectivity, our research group have studied for realization of Ã�taste-odor fusion biosensor system,Ã� which estimates quality (deliciousness and safety) of foods or beverages using several sensor outputs through analysis and evaluation of subjective-objective relation. As a first step, we conducted a series of human sensory tests to investigate perceptual similarities between odorants, and then compared the results with activity patterns evoked on the glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb in rats. cache = ./cache/cord-015569-vy49r1zd.txt txt = ./txt/cord-015569-vy49r1zd.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-006230-xta38e7j author = nan title = Deutsche Gesellschaft für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie e.V. date = 2012-02-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 135419 sentences = 7042 flesch = 43 summary = Here, we will present our analysis of Ca 2+ signaling following stimulation of the FcεRI receptor and application of secretagogues that are supposed to affect Ca 2+ -dependent mast cell activation such as adenosine, endothelin-1, substance P and compound 48/80 in BMMCs and PMCs derived from mouse lines with inactivation of TRPC1, TRPC3, TRPC4, TRPC5 or TRPC6 since specific antagonists are still lacking for these TRP channels. These data indicate that increased PP2A activity is associated with modified gene expression in TG hearts possibly affecting stress response and regulation of cell signalling. As demonstrated by qPCR and Western blot experiments, mesangial cells showed a marked time-and dose-dependent upregulation of CSE mRNA and protein levels after treatment with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB). The transcription factor cAMP response element (CRE)-binding protein (CREB) plays a critical role in regulating gene expression in response to activation of the cAMPdependent signaling pathway, which is implicated in the pathophysiology of heart failure. cache = ./cache/cord-006230-xta38e7j.txt txt = ./txt/cord-006230-xta38e7j.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-015306-us58wwmp author = nan title = Abstracts for the IPNA Congress, 30 August - 3 September 2013, Shanghai, China date = 2013-06-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 71194 sentences = 4580 flesch = 53 summary = The incidence of renal involvement varies from 20 to 60% and there have been some reports showing that nephritis might be related to an older age at onset, persistent purpura (> 1 month), severe abdominal pain, and relapsing disease.Recently, several studies have shown that galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) is recognized by anti-glycan antibodies, resulting in the formation of the circulating immune complexes and their mesangial deposition causing renal injury in HSP nephritis and serum galactose-deficient IgA1 levels were highly inherited in children with HSP nephritis.Regarding the treatment of HSP, one randomized double-blinded controlled study recently showed that patients with abdiminal pain or arthralgia may benefit from early treatment with prednisone, but the drug has not been proven to be capable of preventing the development of renal symptoms. cache = ./cache/cord-015306-us58wwmp.txt txt = ./txt/cord-015306-us58wwmp.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023134-y665agnh author = nan title = Oral Research Communications of the 22(nd) ECVIM‐CA Congress date = 2012-11-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 29595 sentences = 1548 flesch = 50 summary = Doppler echocardiographic indices of diastolic function of the right ventricle are good prognostic markers during left ventricular (LV) failure secondary to ischemic and dilated cardiomyopathy.The aims of the present study were: to assess LV and RV diastolic function by conventional Doppler and pulsed-wave tissue Doppler imaging (PW-TDI) in dogs with mitral valve disease (MVD), with or without pulmonary hypertension (PH); to test if echocardiographic parameters of LV and RV diastolic dysfunction correlate to the Doppler-estimated pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP).114 dogs were prospectively evaluated, including 86 dogs with MVD. The aims of the present study were to assess whether diabetic cats have pathological evidence of islet inflammation or pancreatitis and to define islet lesions in comparison to a well-matched control population.Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded pancreatic samples were collected from post-mortem examination performed on diabetic and control cats died due to any disease at the Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, University of Zurich (Switzerland) between 1997 and 2009. cache = ./cache/cord-023134-y665agnh.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023134-y665agnh.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-014794-yppi30a0 author = nan title = 19th European Congress of Pathology, Ljubljana, Slovenia, September 6-11, 2003 date = 2003-07-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 158059 sentences = 9041 flesch = 44 summary = These parts were in a high percentage associated with fibrosis and lymphocyte rich areas and showed a higher mitotic activity than usual PTCs. Discussion The differences in the occurrence of TCV and TCmorphology between the presented series and previously reported cases might result from until now not clearly defined tall cell morphology as well as from similarities to PTCs, such as the oxyphilic variant, which is extremely rare in our series, and maybe also from often described squamous changes within PTCs. Due to these data it is not clear which tumor parts have relevance for prognosis and which tumors should be treated more aggressively than others. The aims of this study were to characterize the group of patients with BSOT and evaluate the significance of various molecular markers expression versus serous papillary ovarian carcinomas (SPOC) Material and methods We analyzed a total of 102 cases including: 64 cystadenoma, 10 borderline and 28 cystadenocarcinoma. cache = ./cache/cord-014794-yppi30a0.txt txt = ./txt/cord-014794-yppi30a0.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-022527-a0x6lws3 author = nan title = Eosinophils in Human Disease date = 2012-10-12 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 56005 sentences = 2997 flesch = 38 summary = The role of the eosinophils as key players in the pathophysiology of asthma has been debated, despite evidence that the cells are present and activated in the airway lumen and tissue 1 of patients with current asthma; are increased in number when asthma is uncontrolled 2 or severe 3 and decreased when asthma is controlled 4 ; and treatment strategies that aim to control airway eosinophilia are significantly more effective and less expensive in improving asthma control 5,6 and decreasing asthma exacerbations compared to guideline-based clinical strategies. 11 Since allergic asthma is primarily a T-helper type 2 (T h 2)-mediated disease, it is not surprising that cytokines driving eosinophilia are T h 2 cell products: specifically, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-3 (IL-3), and interleukin-5 (IL-5), which signal through specific high-affinity cell-surface receptors linked to a common b-chaindall of which can act as eosinophil growth factors that promote formation of eosinophil/basophil (Eo/B) colony-forming units (CFU) in functional assays. cache = ./cache/cord-022527-a0x6lws3.txt txt = ./txt/cord-022527-a0x6lws3.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-015910-d9gxew91 author = Grimble, Robert F. title = The Interaction Between Nutrition and Inflammatory Stress Throughout the Life Cycle date = 2005 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 15205 sentences = 709 flesch = 40 summary = Binding of the transcription factors is implicated in activation of a wide range of genes associated with inflammation and the immune response, including those encoding cytokines, cytokine receptors, cell adhesion molecules, acute-phase proteins, and growth factors (Schreck, Rieber, & Baeurerle, 1991) (Fig. 4 ) . While inflammation may be exerting deleterious effects most obviously in patients, people on the borderline of health and disease living in the general population Table 4 Nutrients Commonly Used in Immunonutrient Supplements and Their Potential Mode of Action • n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: act as anti-inflammatory agents and reverse immunosuppression • Sulfur amino acids and their precursors: enhance antioxidant status via GSH synthesis • Glutamine: nutrient for immune cells, improves gut barrier function, precursor for GSH • Arginine: stimulates nitric oxide and growth hormone production, improves helper T-cell numbers • Nucleotides: RNA and DNA precursors, improve T-cell function may also require nutritional modulation of ongoing inflammatory processes. cache = ./cache/cord-015910-d9gxew91.txt txt = ./txt/cord-015910-d9gxew91.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-017248-a37t31u1 author = nan title = Alphabetic Listing of Diseases and Conditions date = 2010-05-17 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 48753 sentences = 4281 flesch = 41 summary = Possible Associated Conditions: Disseminated intravascular coagulation;* eclampsia;* glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency (G6PD); hemolytic uremic syndrome;* malignant hypertension; lymphoma* and other malignancies; paroxysmal nocturnal hemo-globinuria; sickle cell disease;*thalassemia;* thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.* (See also below under "NOTE.") NOTE: Hemolysis also may be caused by conditions such as poisoning with chemicals or drugs, heat injury, snake bite,* or infections or may develop as a transfusion reaction* or be secondary to adenocarcinoma, heart valve prostheses (see below), liver disease (see below), renal disease, or congenital erythropoietic porphyria. Unusual under-lying or associated conditions include chronic aortic stenosis or regurgitation; coronary artery anomalies; coronary artery dissection; coronary embolism; coronary ostial stenosis (due to calcification of aortic sinotubular junction or, rarely, to syphilitic aortitis); coronary vasculitis (for instance, in polyarteritis nodosa* or acute hypersensitivity arteritis); hyperthyroidism,* gastrointestinal hemorrhage; * hypothyroidism, * idiopathic arterial calcification of infancy; intramural coronary amyloidosis; pheochromocytoma, polycythemia vera; * pseudoxanthoma elasticum,* radiationinduced coronary stenosis; severe pulmonary hypertension (with right ventricular ischemia); sickle cell disease;* and others. cache = ./cache/cord-017248-a37t31u1.txt txt = ./txt/cord-017248-a37t31u1.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023186-gqltd6u0 author = nan title = Poster Sessions date = 2019-06-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 14365 sentences = 814 flesch = 55 summary = Methods: This is a one-year retrospective study that was conducted in our pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) comparing the intervention failure rate of three different Noninvasive respiratory support modalities (bi-level positive airway pressure (BIPAP), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and HFNC) for infants and young children between the ages of 1 month and 2 years admitted with the diagnosis of bronchiolitis. The aim of the study was to determine the association between Methods: Ninety children aged between > 28 days to < 5 years hospitalized with diagnosis of severe CAP in the Pediatric Department of West Nusa Tenggara Province General Hospital from January to October 2018 were enrolled. Arterial blood gases, respiratory rate, peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) and mean airway pressure (MAP) of rat lung during respiratory support, wetto-dry lung weight ratio, lung homogenate and/or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid tumor necrosis factor-α, macrophage inflammatory protein-2, interleukin-6 and total protein levels were measured and compared among groups after study completion. cache = ./cache/cord-023186-gqltd6u0.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023186-gqltd6u0.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-004534-jqm1hxps author = nan title = Abstract date = 2009-06-09 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 139023 sentences = 6450 flesch = 42 summary = HIV-1 to efficiently complete a replication cycle has to integrate its genome into the host cellular DNA.After HIV-1 enters target cells,neosynthesized viral DNA forms along with other proteins the pre-integration complex (PIC).PICs are then transported into the nucleus where integration,catalyzed by the viral integrase,takes place.HIV-1 viral particles engineered to incorporate integrase fused to EGFP have proven effective to study PICs within nuclei of infected cells.In this study we report the live imaging analysis of nuclear PIC dynamics obtained by time-lapse microscopy.Intranuclear trajectories of IN-EGFP-labeled PIC were collected in three dimensions and examined by both mean squared displacement (MSD) and cage diameter (CD) analysis.In CD the maximum distances measured between two positions occupied by a PIC in a time window of 2 minutes were calculated while in our MSD analysis 5-minute long trajectory segments were considered.Remarkably,MSD revealed the presence of an underlying active transport mechanism.To test the possible role of actin filaments,PIC nuclear trafficking was analyzed in cells treated with latrunculin B (actin polymerization inhibitor).Preliminary results suggest that the disruption of actin function impairs the active nuclear movement of PICs. Second harmonic generation microscopy reveals sarcomere contractile dynamics of cardiomyocytes N. cache = ./cache/cord-004534-jqm1hxps.txt txt = ./txt/cord-004534-jqm1hxps.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-022467-j2trahab author = Loo, May title = Select Populations: Children date = 2009-05-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 19061 sentences = 1249 flesch = 44 summary = A recent clinical trial that included children over age 12 years and used a fixedcombination homeopathic remedy for a mean 4.1 days of treatment reported that 81.5% reported subjective feelings of being symptom free or significantly improved without complaint of any adverse side effects. 4 A randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled study from Great Britain of 170 children with a starting median age of 4.2 years in the experimental group and 3.6 years in the placebo group concluded that individually prescribed homeopathic remedies seem to be ineffective in reducing symptoms or decreasing the use of antibiotics in pediatric patients with URI. 414 In a nonrandomized clinical trial involving 30 children ages 3 months to 8 years with chronic diarrhea of 2 to 4 months' duration that was unresponsive to Western medicine and TCM, individualized acupuncture treatment eliminated symptoms and normalized stools. cache = ./cache/cord-022467-j2trahab.txt txt = ./txt/cord-022467-j2trahab.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-015147-h0o0yqv8 author = nan title = Oral Communications and Posters date = 2014-09-12 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 73711 sentences = 3862 flesch = 43 summary = Cyclooxygenases (COX) catalyze the first step in the synthesis of prostaglandins (PG) from arachidonic acid.COX-1 is constitutively expressed.The COX-2 gene is an immediate early-response gene that is induced by variety of mitogenic and inflammatory stimuli.Levels of COX-2 are increased in both inflamed and malignant tissues.In inflamed tissues, there is both pharmacological and genetic evidence that targeting COX-2 can either improve (e.g., osteoarthritis) or exacerbate symptoms (e.g., inflammatory bowel disease).Multiple lines of evidence suggest that COX-2 plays a significant role in carcinogenesis.The most specific data that support a cause-and effect relationship between COX-2 and tumorigenesis come from genetic studies.Overexpression of COX-2 has been observed to drive tumor formation whereas COX-2 deficiency protects against several tumor types.Selective COX-2 inhibitors protect against the formation and growth of experimental tumors.Moreover, selective COX-2 inhibitors are active in preventing colorectal adenomas in humans.Increased amounts of COX-2-derived PGE2 are found in both inflamed and neoplastic tissues.The fact that PGE2 can stimulate cell proliferation, inhibit apoptosis and induce angiogenesis fits with evidence that induction of COX-2 contributes to both wound healing and tumor growth.Taken together, it seems likely that COX-2 induction contributes to wound healing in response to injury but reduces the threshold for carcinogenesis. cache = ./cache/cord-015147-h0o0yqv8.txt txt = ./txt/cord-015147-h0o0yqv8.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-000977-ka4261wc author = nan title = ECR 2013 Book of Abstracts - B - Scientific Sessions date = 2013-03-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 132895 sentences = 8080 flesch = 50 summary = Methods and Materials: Mean attenuation, contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at abdominal aorta, right renal artery (RRA) and left renal artery (LRA) were measured in 24 kidney donors who had undergone CTA with tube current modulation, 120 kVp, filtered back projection reconstruction algorithm (Group A) and were compared with 24 BMI-matched kidney donors who had undergone CTA with automated kVp selection and SAFIRE (Group B Purpose: Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is a common cause of cognitive impairment. Overall average score of SSF reconstructed segments was significantly higher compared with STD reconstruction ( Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility and imaging quality of double prospectively ECG-triggered high-pitch spiral acquisition mode for coronary computed tomography angiography (CTCA) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). cache = ./cache/cord-000977-ka4261wc.txt txt = ./txt/cord-000977-ka4261wc.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-006229-7yoilsho author = nan title = Abstracts of the 82(nd) Annual Meeting of the German Society for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (DGPT) and the 18(th) Annual Meeting of the Network Clinical Pharmacology Germany (VKliPha) in cooperation with the Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Angewandte Humanpharmakologie e.V. (AGAH) date = 2016-02-06 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 133493 sentences = 6804 flesch = 42 summary = It directly activates Protein Kinase A (PKA) or the Exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac) which is a guanine exchange factor (GEF) for the small monomeric GTPase Rap. As Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) express both cAMP effectors (Epac1 and PKA), we investigated the role of cAMP-signaling using a spheroid based sprouting assay as an in vitro model for angiogenesis. After activation, S1P receptors regulate important processes in the progression of renal diseases, such as mesangial cell migration Methods and Results: Here we demonstrate that dexamethasone treatment lowered S1P 1 mRNA and protein expression levels in rat mesangial cells measured by TaqMan® and Western blot analyses. The aim of this study was to investigate the relevance of IGFBP5 in cardiogenesis and cardiac remodeling and its role as a potential target for ameliorating stress-induced cardiac remodeling Methods and Results: We investigated the expression of Igfbp5 in murine cardiac tissue at different developmental stages by qPCR normalized to Tpt1 (Tumor Protein, Translationally-Controlled 1). cache = ./cache/cord-006229-7yoilsho.txt txt = ./txt/cord-006229-7yoilsho.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-015368-a0qz4tb9 author = nan title = 48th Annual Meeting of the Austrian Society of Surgery, Graz, June 7–9, 2007 date = 2007 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 86620 sentences = 6042 flesch = 51 summary = Surgical treatment and evaluation, complications, short and long term patency of our patients were compared to interventional techniques and international literature. The aim of the study was to investigate: i) relevant and combined determinants of the development, management and outcome of a representative patient cohort (n ¼ 9.991) with acute appendicitis enrolled in a prospective unicenter study through a time period of 27 years (middle Europe), and ii) the frequency and impact of specific categories (e.g., characteristics of the medical history, clinical and intraoperative findings, complications), correlation and relative risk factors of the disease and its prognosis. From 01=1997 until 12=2006 198 TEM procedures were performed in 194 patients, 104 males, 90 females, mean age was 68.9 years (38-91), the median hospital stay was 8 days . No conversion to open technique had to be performed, no postoperative surgical complications were observed, one patient died 4 weeks postoperative due to liver failure following esophageal varices bleeding. cache = ./cache/cord-015368-a0qz4tb9.txt txt = ./txt/cord-015368-a0qz4tb9.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-015372-76xvzvdg author = nan title = National scientific medical meeting 1996 abstracts date = 1996 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 36596 sentences = 2204 flesch = 53 summary = One, two and five-year survival rates were examined; age at diagnosis and lesion type were extremely significant factors in relation to patient outcome. Patients' age, sex, risk group, CDC stage, CD4 count, indication for therapy, complication rate and response to treatment are described. Fifty-eight patients (34 male, 24 female) ranging in age from 15 to 65 years (Mean + SD = 28.4 + 10.8) were included in the study. Among these 48 patients (mean age 68.0+12.7), after controlling for age and for the duration and continuity of subsequent antipsychotic treatment, increasing duration of initially untreated psychosis was associated with greater severity of negative symptoms (p<0.005) and with lower scores on the MMSE (p<0.05) but not with executive dysfunction on the EXIT (p=0.3). Conclusion Although not a population based study, care of IDDM in Ireland is almost totally hospital clinic based Cigarette smoking is identified as the major problem to be addressed Patients with diabetes meltitus (DM) are at a higher risk of developing vascular complications, including coronary artery disease (CAD). cache = ./cache/cord-015372-76xvzvdg.txt txt = ./txt/cord-015372-76xvzvdg.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023303-fxus38mp author = nan title = Lung Cancer/Bronchology SIGs: Combined Poster Session date = 2008-03-12 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 30161 sentences = 1760 flesch = 53 summary = Results Data indicate splice variant expression in dendritic cells from asthmatic patients is influenced by asthma severity. Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of GORD treatment in adults or children that reported asthma health outcomes and had symptomatic GORD were included and assessed in accordance with the standard Cochrane systematic review process. Results 11 male (44%) and 14 female (56%) patients with moderate to severe persistent asthma (mean age 44 years, SD = 11) participated. Methods A comprehensive range of intracellular T-cell and monocyte proand anti-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines was investigated in peripheral blood from 5 OSA patients and 5 aged-matched control subjects (with no evidence of sleep problems) using multiparameter flow cytometry. Methods Following completion of a 12-month exercise study, which included a supervised program (Intervention, n = 18) and control group (Control, n = 17), COPD subjects [mean age (SD): 66 (8); mean FEV1 (% predicted) = 56% (19)] were asked to complete a questionnaire. cache = ./cache/cord-023303-fxus38mp.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023303-fxus38mp.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023302-p9pxz44a author = nan title = Cystic Fibrosis SIG: Poster Session date = 2011-03-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 32008 sentences = 1915 flesch = 56 summary = Expression of MR, CD91 and CD31 were decreased in patients with NEA or COPD, but not signifi cantly changed in EA Conclusion Impaired sputum-macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic cells in NEA is associated with reduced expression of key macrophage recognition molecules. Conclusions Subjects with severe persistent asthma have an eating pattern of lower diet quality with higher intakes of fat and lower intakes of fi bre than healthy controls, which is related to lower lung function and increased airway infl ammation. Support and Confl ict of Interest Nil. Methods We performed a retrospective chart review of all adult patients who had an ICC over a 24-month period within a tertiary hospital respiratory service. The objectives of our study were to (1) determine the point prevalence and identify viruses associated with exacerbations and (2) evaluate clinical and investigational differences between viral infection positive and negative exacerbations in children with non-CF bronchiectasis. cache = ./cache/cord-023302-p9pxz44a.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023302-p9pxz44a.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-014527-nvzfpntu author = nan title = Research Communications of the 25th ECVIM‐CA Congress date = 2015-11-09 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 89238 sentences = 4996 flesch = 52 summary = A negative outcome was associated with higher fecal S100A12 concentrations in CE dogs, but the response to different forms of treatment and fecal S100A12 has not been reported, and this information will be important to further evaluate the utility of fecal S100A12 as a biomarker for gastrointestinal disease. Statistical analysis was performed using non-parametric 2-or multiple-group comparisons, the likelihood ratio to evaluate the association between groups of dogs and response to treatment, and a receiver operating characteristic curve to calculate sensitivity and specificity at the optimum cut-off concentration. The objectives of this study were to describe pulmonary transit time and myocardial perfusion normalized to heart rate (nPTT and nMP, respectively), evaluated by means of contrast echocardiography, in dogs with stable stage C ACVIM myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD), and to assess short-term effects of pimobendan on these parameters. cache = ./cache/cord-014527-nvzfpntu.txt txt = ./txt/cord-014527-nvzfpntu.txt === reduce.pl bib === === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023305-5lb9kho6 author = nan title = Oliv SIG: Poster Session date = 2011-03-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 32008 sentences = 1916 flesch = 56 summary = Expression of MR, CD91 and CD31 were decreased in patients with NEA or COPD, but not signifi cantly changed in EA Conclusion Impaired sputum-macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic cells in NEA is associated with reduced expression of key macrophage recognition molecules. Conclusions Subjects with severe persistent asthma have an eating pattern of lower diet quality with higher intakes of fat and lower intakes of fi bre than healthy controls, which is related to lower lung function and increased airway infl ammation. Support and Confl ict of Interest Nil. Methods We performed a retrospective chart review of all adult patients who had an ICC over a 24-month period within a tertiary hospital respiratory service. The objectives of our study were to (1) determine the point prevalence and identify viruses associated with exacerbations and (2) evaluate clinical and investigational differences between viral infection positive and negative exacerbations in children with non-CF bronchiectasis. cache = ./cache/cord-023305-5lb9kho6.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023305-5lb9kho6.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023298-ysur3sjq author = nan title = Respiratory Nurses SIG: Poster Session date = 2011-03-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 32008 sentences = 1914 flesch = 56 summary = Expression of MR, CD91 and CD31 were decreased in patients with NEA or COPD, but not signifi cantly changed in EA Conclusion Impaired sputum-macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic cells in NEA is associated with reduced expression of key macrophage recognition molecules. Conclusions Subjects with severe persistent asthma have an eating pattern of lower diet quality with higher intakes of fat and lower intakes of fi bre than healthy controls, which is related to lower lung function and increased airway infl ammation. Support and Confl ict of Interest Nil. Methods We performed a retrospective chart review of all adult patients who had an ICC over a 24-month period within a tertiary hospital respiratory service. The objectives of our study were to (1) determine the point prevalence and identify viruses associated with exacerbations and (2) evaluate clinical and investigational differences between viral infection positive and negative exacerbations in children with non-CF bronchiectasis. cache = ./cache/cord-023298-ysur3sjq.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023298-ysur3sjq.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023208-w99gc5nx author = nan title = Poster Presentation Abstracts date = 2006-09-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 70854 sentences = 3492 flesch = 43 summary = In order to develop a synthetic protocol by an automated instrumentation, increasing yield, purity of the crude, and reaction time, a microwave-assisted solid phase peptide synthesis was validated comparing the use of the new generation of Triazine-Based Coupling Reagents (TBCRs) with a series of commonly used ones. Ubiquitinium is a well known mechanism in protein degredation of Eukaryotic cells ,in which many obsolte and corrupted three dimentional structure protein ,become marked by covalent attachment of ubuquitin through a multi-step enzymatic pathway.Ubiquitin is a small ,8.5 kDa peptide of 76 amino acid residues that targets such substrtes for proteolysis in proteasome .Recnt studies showed that an extra cellular ubiquitination process also taking place in the epididymes of humans and other animals marks protein on the surface of the defective sperm .it appears that structurally and functionally defective sperm become surface ubiquitinated by epididymal epithelial cells. This head-to-tailcyclized 14-amino-acid peptide contains one disulfide bridge and a lysine residue (Lys5) present in the P1 position, which is responsible for inhibitor specificity.As was reported by us and other groups, SFTI-1 analogues with one cycle only retain trypsin inhibitory activity. cache = ./cache/cord-023208-w99gc5nx.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023208-w99gc5nx.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023216-avn8f2w3 author = nan title = Symposium summaries date = 2004-10-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 55670 sentences = 2569 flesch = 45 summary = • relevant past history • recently recommended home physiotherapy program including inhalation therapy (agents, order and timing), airway clearance therapy (ACT) and physical exercise program and adherence • the possibility of gastroesophageal reflux 5 in relation to physiotherapy • clinical status including subjective and objective measures of the following -amount, color, consistency and ease of expectoration of sputum -oximetry/pulmonary function tests/peak expiratory flow rate -breath sounds on auscultation, respiratory rate and pattern of breathing -exercise tolerance (current activity & incidental exercise/ exercise tolerance tests) -musculo-skeletal problems (posture, pain, muscle tightness/weakness, oedema) -urinary incontinence during coughing and forced expirations Assessment of health related quality of life (HRQOL) in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis (CF) is important to better understand disease and treatment-related factors that impact function and well-being, and to evaluate the effectiveness of therapies and methods of drug delivery. cache = ./cache/cord-023216-avn8f2w3.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023216-avn8f2w3.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023311-7wqdlha4 author = nan title = Oral Session date = 2010-11-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 17248 sentences = 956 flesch = 51 summary = Methods We determined the usefulness of preoperative lung function by spirometry in predicting regression of pulmonary hypertension after surgical correction of mitral stenosis among 20 patients who underwent mitral valve surgery at Philippine Heart Center from July to December 2009. Elderly patients exhibited a signifi cantly higher mortality rate that was independently associated with the following: age; residence status; confusion, urea, respiratory frequency and blood pressure (CURB) score; comorbid conditions; and failure of initial therapy. Methods A total of 40 patients (Male: 50%; Female: 50%) admitted and diagnosed with HAP at our Center were followed up to investigate the rate of adherence of physicians on the diagnosis and treatment of HAP based on Level I and II ATS/IDSA 2008 recommendations and to determine its association with outcome (mortality, mechanical ventilation, ICU stay, hospital stay). cache = ./cache/cord-023311-7wqdlha4.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023311-7wqdlha4.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-026392-cvb44v5v author = Dahlberg, Jørgen title = Barriers and challenges in the process of including critically ill patients in clinical studies date = 2020-06-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4780 sentences = 256 flesch = 49 summary = RESULTS: Among 279 eligible critically ill patients, 204 (73%) were omitted from the study due to challenges and barriers in the inclusion process. Previous studies have identified obstacles when performing research in critically ill patients at intensive care units (ICU) related to challenges in the recruitment process [1] [2] [3] [4] . The legislation and clinical practice vary across the world, and a prior PubMed search did not disclose any resent Scandinavian research covering the overall barriers and challenges in the process of including critically ill patients in clinical studies. The purpose of this study was to identify practical, medical, legal or ethical barriers and challenges in the process of including critically ill patients in the Norwegian Intensive Care Unit Dalteparin Effect (NORIDES) study. The study revealed that most critically ill patients at ICU were unable to provide written, informed consent for study participation. cache = ./cache/cord-026392-cvb44v5v.txt txt = ./txt/cord-026392-cvb44v5v.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-015352-2d02eq3y author = nan title = ESPR 2017 date = 2017-04-26 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 82253 sentences = 4479 flesch = 46 summary = Lapierre; Montreal/CA Summary: Objectives: To review the classification of visceroatrial situs To describe the associated cardiac and non-cardiac anomalies To illustrate typical findings in fetuses, neonates and children To discuss the surgical consideration and the long-term follow-up in these patients Abstract: By definition, the type of situs is determined by the relationship between the atria and the adjacent organs. As is often the case, radiology in JIA is all about: knowing your clinicians (i.e. the pretest likelihood for disease) being technically eloquent (e.g. using high-resolution US probes, not delaying post-contrast MRI acquisitions) knowing what is normal (e.g. normal undulations in the articular surface, focal bone marrow signal variation) not being dogmatic about individual observations or measurements interpreting your findings in a clinical context The lecture will demonstrate similarities and differences among joints and modalities in children with variable-severity JIA. cache = ./cache/cord-015352-2d02eq3y.txt txt = ./txt/cord-015352-2d02eq3y.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023225-5quigar4 author = nan title = Posters date = 2012-08-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 70251 sentences = 3367 flesch = 43 summary = To further explore the structure-function relationship, a viable synthesis strategy for pseudodesmin A analogues was developed, based on side-chain attachment of the first amino acid to the solid support, followed by stepwise Fmoc solid-phase synthesis of the linear peptide precursor and on-resin head-to-tail cyclization. The cases when the amino acid sequence of a fragment coincided with part of the primary structure of a natural oligopeptide were recorded in the Total protein chemical synthesis requires a case by case design and optimization which is governed by factors such as the solubility of the individual peptide segments, their primary sequence and in particular the presence of "difficult" amino acid residues at ligation junctions such as proline or the location of cysteines. In this study we present synthesis of two series of peptide libraries, which were designed by substitution of Leu in the P5, P6 position of our control peptide (Ac-LLLLRVKR-AMBA) with each of nineteen amino acid residues in order to verifying its influence on activity and selectivity of the resulting analogues. cache = ./cache/cord-023225-5quigar4.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023225-5quigar4.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023209-un2ysc2v author = nan title = Poster Presentations date = 2008-10-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 111878 sentences = 5398 flesch = 45 summary = Site-specifi c PEGylation of human IgG1-Fab using a rationally designed trypsin variant In the present contribution we report on a novel, highly selective biocatalytic method enabling C-terminal modifi cations of proteins with artifi cial functionalities under native state conditions. Recently, our group report a novel approach to a totally synthetic vaccine which consists of FMDV (Foot and Mouth Disease Virus) VP1 peptides, prepared by covalent conjugation of peptide biomolecules with membrane active carbochain polyelectrolytes In the present study, peptide epitops of VP1 protein both 135-161(P1) amino acid residues (Ser-Lys-Tyr-Ser-Thr-Thr-Gly-Glu-Arg-Thr-Arg-Thr-Arg-Gly-Asp-Leu-Gly-Ala-Leu-Ala-Ala-Arg-Val-Ala-Thr-Gln-Leu-Pro-Ala) and triptophan (Trp) containing on the N terminus 135-161 amino acid residues (Trp-135-161) (P2) were synthesized by using the microwave assisted solid-phase methods. Using as a template a peptide, already identifi ed, with agonist activity against PTPRJ(H-[Cys-His-His-Asn-Leu-Thr-His-Ala-Cys]-OH), here we report a structure-activity study carried out through endocyclic modifi cations (Ala-scan, D-substitutions, single residue deletions, substitutions of the disulfi de bridge) and the preliminary biological results of this set of compounds. cache = ./cache/cord-023209-un2ysc2v.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023209-un2ysc2v.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-028963-u4iupl1s author = Lane, Michael title = Multiple Sclerosis date = 2020-07-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 11851 sentences = 567 flesch = 46 summary = Natalizumab is a monoclonal antibody against α-4 integrin that prevents inflammatory cells from entering the CNS and has been shown to decrease the annualized relapse rate by 68% and reduce disease activity (new or enlarging MRI lesions) by 83% over 2 years compared with placebo. Based on current knowledge of the pathogenesis of MS, the rationale of using the Swank diet or other diets low in saturated fats in patients with MS relates to the general health benefits of such a diet and the anti-inflammatory and perhaps neuron membrane-stabilizing effects of a diet enriched with O3FAs. Although the consumption of red meat is significantly restricted on the Swank diet, fish appears to be particularly indicated because of its excellent protein content and, perhaps more importantly, its high content of O3FAs. Cold-water fish such as mackerel, salmon, and herring are rich in O3FAs, which include eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). One open-label study in RRMS patients (n = 10) showed a significant decrease in MMP-9 levels secreted from unstimulated immune cells after supplementing with fish-oil concentrate at 8 g/day (containing 2.9 g EPA and 1.9 g DHA) for 3 months. cache = ./cache/cord-028963-u4iupl1s.txt txt = ./txt/cord-028963-u4iupl1s.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-022653-qa1uph35 author = nan title = Poster Discussion Session PDS date = 2017-08-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 58292 sentences = 3300 flesch = 53 summary = 0206 | G protein coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) regulates endothelial permeability induced by Bradykinin 0208 | Pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of c1 esterase inhibitor of chronic urticaria challenges most commonly identified were the following: time of onset of disease; frequency/duration of and provoking factors for wheals; diurnal variation; occurrence in relation to weekends, holidays, and foreign travel; shape, size, and distribution of wheals; associated angioedema; associated subjective symptoms of lesions; family and personal history regarding urticaria, atopy; previous or current allergies, infections, internal diseases, or other possible causes; psychosomatic and psychiatric diseases; surgical implantations and events during surgery; gastric/ intestinal problems; induction by physical agents or exercise; use of drugs; food allergies; relationship to the menstrual cycle; smoking habits; type of work, hobbies; stress; quality of life and emotional impact; previous therapy and response to therapy, and previous diagnostic procedures/results. cache = ./cache/cord-022653-qa1uph35.txt txt = ./txt/cord-022653-qa1uph35.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-022594-fx044gcd author = Pirko, Istvan title = Demyelinating Disorders of the Central Nervous System date = 2009-05-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 25103 sentences = 1371 flesch = 46 summary = If a patient presents with a history of two or more attacks, but objective clinical evidence only suggests one lesion, the following additional data is needed to confirm the diagnosis: the disease process has to be disseminated in space as demonstrated by MRI; alternatively, two or more MRI-detected lesions consistent with MS plus positive CSF would suffice to meet the newly defined criteria. The EBM calculations regarding this trial show an RRR of 24%, and ARR of 11%, and an NNT of 9 patients over 2 years in order to prevent one conversion to "clinically definite MS." These two studies provide support for considering early treatment in patients presenting with first attack, in the presence of multiple asymptomatic MRI lesions, but further studies are needed to determine whether this approach will provide a prolonged benefit on disease course. cache = ./cache/cord-022594-fx044gcd.txt txt = ./txt/cord-022594-fx044gcd.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023314-rwjxk8v4 author = nan title = Asthma & Allergy SIG: Poster Session 1 date = 2011-03-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 32009 sentences = 1912 flesch = 56 summary = Expression of MR, CD91 and CD31 were decreased in patients with NEA or COPD, but not signifi cantly changed in EA Conclusion Impaired sputum-macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic cells in NEA is associated with reduced expression of key macrophage recognition molecules. Conclusions Subjects with severe persistent asthma have an eating pattern of lower diet quality with higher intakes of fat and lower intakes of fi bre than healthy controls, which is related to lower lung function and increased airway infl ammation. Support and Confl ict of Interest Nil. Methods We performed a retrospective chart review of all adult patients who had an ICC over a 24-month period within a tertiary hospital respiratory service. The objectives of our study were to (1) determine the point prevalence and identify viruses associated with exacerbations and (2) evaluate clinical and investigational differences between viral infection positive and negative exacerbations in children with non-CF bronchiectasis. cache = ./cache/cord-023314-rwjxk8v4.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023314-rwjxk8v4.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-000083-3p81yr4n author = nan title = Poster Exhibition date = 2009-01-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 112815 sentences = 7542 flesch = 56 summary = R. China Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the early virologic response for prediction of achievement of HBeAg seroconversion and hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA negativity after two years of lamivudine treatment in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Methods: A total of 620 patients who tested positive for hepatitis B surface antigen and were referred to Chiba University Hospital between February 1985 and March 2008 were included in the study, and their following characteristics were analyzed: age, gender, the status of HBeAg, ALT, HBV-DNA level, and PLT. Methods: A total of 60 patients with chronic hepatitis B, 32 (53.3%) were HBeAg positive (group A) while 28(46.7%) were HBeAg negative (group B) were included in this study after meeting the following criteria: age 18 to 60 years, HBsAg positive for more than 6 months, serum HBV-DNA was >5 log(10) copies/mL and ALT more than two times the upper normal limit. cache = ./cache/cord-000083-3p81yr4n.txt txt = ./txt/cord-000083-3p81yr4n.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-022955-vy0qgtll author = nan title = Proteases date = 2005-06-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 36388 sentences = 1759 flesch = 43 summary = In order to understand the molecular basis of the enzyme-substrate binding mechanism, we employ the synthetic peptide and mass spectrometry-based approaches to investigate the significance of selected amino acid residues that are flanking both sides of the SARS-CoV 3CL pro cleavage site. To contribute to the assignment of a physiological role to genomic-derived peptidases and to make them more accessible for the drug discovery process, we have undertaken a program consisting of mRNA expression profiling, full-length recombinant expression in insect cells, purification and determination of the catalytic activity for the human proteolytic enzymes. This comprehensive analysis of the local backbone properties of SGTI in the free and in the complex form made possible to identify conformational similarities and differences responsible for its efficient binding to the enzyme, and provides a good basis for further studying the structural aspects of protease inhibitor specificity. cache = ./cache/cord-022955-vy0qgtll.txt txt = ./txt/cord-022955-vy0qgtll.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023713-daz2vokz author = Devereux, Graham title = Epidemiology of Asthma and Allergic Airway Diseases date = 2013-09-06 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 27880 sentences = 1480 flesch = 51 summary = A systematic review and metaanalysis of the longitudinal studies relating maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy to childhood outcomes concluded that high maternal dietary vitamin D intake is associated with a reduced risk of children wheezing up to the age of 5 years (OR = 0.56; 95% CI, 0.42 to 0.73). The Dutch Prevention and Incidence of Asthma and Mite allergy (PIAMA) birth cohort study related symptom data prospectively collected annually from 3863 children up to the age of 8 years to land-use regression estimates of individual NO 2 , PM 2.5 , and soot exposures at their birth addresses. 327 A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective birth cohort studies evaluating the effects of allergen (i.e., HDM or dietary) avoidance during pregnancy concluded that early-life allergen avoidance in isolation does not reduce the likelihood of asthma in children at age 5 years (OR = 1.22; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.78). cache = ./cache/cord-023713-daz2vokz.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023713-daz2vokz.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023239-06a03o14 author = nan title = II. Topic Sessions date = 2016-06-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 33469 sentences = 1470 flesch = 39 summary = The basics of inhaler technique / device / adherence / allergen exposure are all being maintained A retrospective analysis of follow-up of children with difficult asthma for up to six years revealed that those in whom underlying modifiable factors were identified and addressed had an improvement in lung function and reduction in exacerbations over time, while being able to reduce maintenance dose of inhaled steroids such that the majority fell below the threshold for problematic severe asthma 4 . Long-term follow up of children investigated in infancy and reassessed in later childhood have so far showed that reduced baseline lung function in symptomatic infants was significantly associated with subsequent respiratory morbidity as well as with the need of anti-asthma medication at the age of 3 years. cache = ./cache/cord-023239-06a03o14.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023239-06a03o14.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023017-k6edtg58 author = nan title = AASLD Abstracts (pp. 282A–382A) date = 2006-02-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 65796 sentences = 3553 flesch = 51 summary = 14/55 (25%) patients in AC who did not discontinue by week 24 received ribavirin dose reduction in comparison to 31/108 ( The clinical outcome in response to combination therapy for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection appears to be different for Caucasian versus African American patients. Over the period of combination therapy, most patients in which serum virus titers were reduced to non detectable levels had significant increases in T cell responses to HCV proteins. CHRONIC Background: Recent large prospective trials demonstrated that the combination therapy of interferon (1FN)-alphalribavirin significantly increased the ratio of a sustained virological response in patients with chronic hepatitis C in comparison with IFN monotherapy, especially in patients with high HCV-RNA titer and genotype lb. Results: Patients with chronic HCV infection showed higher MxA gene expression levels than healthy controls, indicating that hepatitis C virus induces IFN production. cache = ./cache/cord-023017-k6edtg58.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023017-k6edtg58.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-006849-vgjz74ts author = nan title = 27th International Congress of the European Association for Endoscopic Surgery (EAES) Sevilla, Spain, 12–15 June 2019 date = 2019-09-13 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 222162 sentences = 14023 flesch = 48 summary = Methods: We are performing this procedures within a prospective randomized trial that is design to compare the long term results of LRYGB-B versus the standard laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.The video shows our technique in a case of a 46 years old female with a BMI of 46 Kg/m2. Material and methods: We present a video of the surgical intervention of a 32-year-old patient, with functional dyspepsia, with a casual diagnosis of a pseudocystic mass of the right colon after performing a CT scan: giant diverticulum of the hepatic colon angle with fecaloid content inside it under tension The patient goes to the emergency room for acute abdominal pain, pending colonoscopy, antibiotic treatment is established, and a laparoscopic approach is decided upon after the patient's evolution. Method: We present the case of a 65-year-old patient with surgical antecedent of laparoscopic low anterior resection due to rectal cancer, presenting in postoperative period an anastomosis leakage with severe peritonitis was identified and a laparotomy with end colostomy was performed. cache = ./cache/cord-006849-vgjz74ts.txt txt = ./txt/cord-006849-vgjz74ts.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-025304-qfpfllay author = Tiddi, Ilaria title = Fostering Scientific Meta-analyses with Knowledge Graphs: A Case-Study date = 2020-05-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5461 sentences = 228 flesch = 38 summary = 3,000 studies collecting 60 years of research publications with experimental settings, measured/manipulated variables of observation, and quantitative results, with the goal of establishing an open access database that researchers worldwide could consult to identify studies to include in their systematic literature reviews, as well as to directly conduct their own statistical (meta-)analyses. Conducting a meta-analysis then consists in: (1) Coding, i.e. annotating the studies with the relevant characteristics, including independent and dependent variables and effect sizes; (2) Analysis, i.e. estimating the overall effects using fixed and random effects models, determining heterogeneity in the studies, assessing publication bias, conducting moderator analyses through meta regression, performing statistical power analysis; (3) Interpretation, i.e. the presentation of the obtained results along with conclusions and graphical support, often including graphs such as forests, funnel, violin/scatter-box plots. cache = ./cache/cord-025304-qfpfllay.txt txt = ./txt/cord-025304-qfpfllay.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-022633-fr55uod6 author = nan title = SAEM Abstracts, Plenary Session date = 2012-04-26 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 147405 sentences = 8927 flesch = 54 summary = Staff satisfaction was evaluated through pre/ post-shift and study surveys; administrative data (physician initial assessment (PIA), length of stay (LOS), patients leaving without being seen (LWBS) and against medical advice [LAMA] ) were collected from an electronic, real-time ED information system. Communication Background: The link between extended shift lengths, sleepiness, and occupational injury or illness has been shown, in other health care populations, to be an important and preventable public health concern but heretofore has not been fully described in emergency medical services (EMS Objectives: To assess the effect of an ED-based computer screening and referral intervention for IPV victims and to determine what characteristics resulted in a positive change in their safety. Objectives: Using data from longitudinal surveys by the American Board of Emergency Medicine, the primary objective of this study was to evaluate if resident self-assessments of performance in required competencies improve over the course of graduate medical training and in the years following. cache = ./cache/cord-022633-fr55uod6.txt txt = ./txt/cord-022633-fr55uod6.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023308-af5nihyi author = nan title = COPD SIG: Poster Session 2 date = 2008-03-12 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 30159 sentences = 1761 flesch = 53 summary = Results Data indicate splice variant expression in dendritic cells from asthmatic patients is influenced by asthma severity. Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of GORD treatment in adults or children that reported asthma health outcomes and had symptomatic GORD were included and assessed in accordance with the standard Cochrane systematic review process. Results 11 male (44%) and 14 female (56%) patients with moderate to severe persistent asthma (mean age 44 years, SD = 11) participated. Methods A comprehensive range of intracellular T-cell and monocyte proand anti-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines was investigated in peripheral blood from 5 OSA patients and 5 aged-matched control subjects (with no evidence of sleep problems) using multiparameter flow cytometry. Methods Following completion of a 12-month exercise study, which included a supervised program (Intervention, n = 18) and control group (Control, n = 17), COPD subjects [mean age (SD): 66 (8); mean FEV1 (% predicted) = 56% (19)] were asked to complete a questionnaire. cache = ./cache/cord-023308-af5nihyi.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023308-af5nihyi.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023288-sqr33y72 author = nan title = Paediatric SIG: Poster Session date = 2008-03-12 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 30158 sentences = 1762 flesch = 53 summary = Results Data indicate splice variant expression in dendritic cells from asthmatic patients is influenced by asthma severity. Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of GORD treatment in adults or children that reported asthma health outcomes and had symptomatic GORD were included and assessed in accordance with the standard Cochrane systematic review process. Results 11 male (44%) and 14 female (56%) patients with moderate to severe persistent asthma (mean age 44 years, SD = 11) participated. Methods A comprehensive range of intracellular T-cell and monocyte proand anti-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines was investigated in peripheral blood from 5 OSA patients and 5 aged-matched control subjects (with no evidence of sleep problems) using multiparameter flow cytometry. Methods Following completion of a 12-month exercise study, which included a supervised program (Intervention, n = 18) and control group (Control, n = 17), COPD subjects [mean age (SD): 66 (8); mean FEV1 (% predicted) = 56% (19)] were asked to complete a questionnaire. cache = ./cache/cord-023288-sqr33y72.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023288-sqr33y72.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023331-jrvmgnu3 author = nan title = Asthma & Allergy SIG: Poster Session 3. Physiology, Environment, Investigation and Management date = 2008-03-12 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 30165 sentences = 1762 flesch = 53 summary = Results Data indicate splice variant expression in dendritic cells from asthmatic patients is influenced by asthma severity. Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of GORD treatment in adults or children that reported asthma health outcomes and had symptomatic GORD were included and assessed in accordance with the standard Cochrane systematic review process. Results 11 male (44%) and 14 female (56%) patients with moderate to severe persistent asthma (mean age 44 years, SD = 11) participated. Methods A comprehensive range of intracellular T-cell and monocyte proand anti-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines was investigated in peripheral blood from 5 OSA patients and 5 aged-matched control subjects (with no evidence of sleep problems) using multiparameter flow cytometry. Methods Following completion of a 12-month exercise study, which included a supervised program (Intervention, n = 18) and control group (Control, n = 17), COPD subjects [mean age (SD): 66 (8); mean FEV1 (% predicted) = 56% (19)] were asked to complete a questionnaire. cache = ./cache/cord-023331-jrvmgnu3.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023331-jrvmgnu3.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023343-y17z9w2x author = nan title = COPD SIG: Poster Session 1 date = 2011-03-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 32008 sentences = 1910 flesch = 55 summary = Expression of MR, CD91 and CD31 were decreased in patients with NEA or COPD, but not signifi cantly changed in EA Conclusion Impaired sputum-macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic cells in NEA is associated with reduced expression of key macrophage recognition molecules. Conclusions Subjects with severe persistent asthma have an eating pattern of lower diet quality with higher intakes of fat and lower intakes of fi bre than healthy controls, which is related to lower lung function and increased airway infl ammation. Support and Confl ict of Interest Nil. Methods We performed a retrospective chart review of all adult patients who had an ICC over a 24-month period within a tertiary hospital respiratory service. The objectives of our study were to (1) determine the point prevalence and identify viruses associated with exacerbations and (2) evaluate clinical and investigational differences between viral infection positive and negative exacerbations in children with non-CF bronchiectasis. cache = ./cache/cord-023343-y17z9w2x.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023343-y17z9w2x.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-102796-rr8qet8c author = Counotte, Michel J title = Emergence of evidence during disease outbreaks: lessons learnt from the Zika virus outbreak date = 2020-03-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3046 sentences = 198 flesch = 56 summary = We are continuously facing new disease outbreaks, including the new coronavirus (SARS-nCoV-2) in December 2019.The objective of this study was to describe the accumulation of evidence during the 2013-2016 Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak in the Pacific and the Americas related to aetiological causal questions about congenital abnormalities and Guillain-Barre syndrome. In the 2013-2016 ZIKV outbreak, case reports, case series and basic research studies were published first. A strength of this study is the pre-specified hypothesis about the time to publication of aetiological 139 research and the use of data from systematic reviews that had screened and selected studies that 140 addressed the causal relationship between ZIKV infection and its adverse outcomes. The accumulation of evidence over time in new causal problems seems to follow a hierarchy where 225 case reports and case series were rapidly followed by basic research. Syndrome outbreak associated with Zika virus infection in French Polynesia: A case-control study cache = ./cache/cord-102796-rr8qet8c.txt txt = ./txt/cord-102796-rr8qet8c.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-033736-bsmqqi6j author = Bajraktari, Saranda title = Health-promoting and preventive interventions for community-dwelling older people published from inception to 2019: a scoping review to guide decision making in a Swedish municipality context date = 2020-10-14 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 10534 sentences = 489 flesch = 41 summary = Eligible studies were: 1) interventions categorised as health promotion (HP) or primary prevention (PP) following the WHO's definition [1, 2] and addressing behavioural risk factors, injury prevention, physical health, social and mental health, 2) including populations of community-living older people 65+ as of it being the lowest retirement age in the Nordic Countries, hence exclude the risk of missing relevant studies due to the age limitation, 3) implemented in a Nordic country (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden and Faroe Islands), 4) studies applying a randomized controlled trial design (RCT) for the evaluation of effects (research question six), 5) studies related to the identified RCTs addressing the remaining research question, e.g. experiences of participants, feasibility as well as studies on cost-effectiveness. Five studies had samples consisting only of female participants [32, Table 2 Detailed results concerning intervention content, effects on health outcomes, and feasibility aspects of included studies in the field of health-promoting and preventive interventions for community dwelling older people in the Nordic countries from inception to 2019 (Continued) cache = ./cache/cord-033736-bsmqqi6j.txt txt = ./txt/cord-033736-bsmqqi6j.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-030679-27qrlapp author = Yamamoto, Ryo title = Oxygen administration in patients recovering from cardiac arrest: a narrative review date = 2020-08-12 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4288 sentences = 239 flesch = 37 summary = In this review, we described the concept of brain injury following CA, the pathophysiology of hyperoxia, clinical studies of hyperoxia, the practical adjustment of oxygen administration, and ventilatory strategies for resuscitated patients. Although extensive research on improvement of clinical outcomes of patients recovering from CA has been conducted, the literature regarding post-cardiac arrest care practices to prevent neuronal cell dysfunction is limited [20] [21] [22] [23] . [8] conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of eight retrospective studies, including those we mentioned above, and revealed that hyperoxia, defined as PaO 2 > 300 mmHg, correlated with increased in-hospital mortality (OR: 1.40 [1.02-1.93]), compared with normoxia. Several retrospective studies, a prospective observational study, and two systematic reviews demonstrated that exposure to PaO 2 > 300 mmHg during post-CA care is associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes, although the results are inconsistent. Study of Oxygen in Critical Care (SOCC) Group Arterial hyperoxia and in-hospital mortality after resuscitation from cardiac arrest cache = ./cache/cord-030679-27qrlapp.txt txt = ./txt/cord-030679-27qrlapp.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-026990-d3l1sbeb author = Oberoi, Sumit title = Economic menace of diabetes in India: a systematic review date = 2020-06-17 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4912 sentences = 334 flesch = 58 summary = Thus, the present study aims at capturing the evidence from the literature on the cost of diabetes mellitus in India, reviewing the materials and methods used to estimate the costs and, lastly, exploring future research area. Majority of research publications were excluded on the grounds if they (a) did not provide the detailed analysis of how costs were estimated; (b) were conference articles or posters; (c) only presented the costs of diabetes prevention; and (d) were published in non-peer-reviewed journals. (cost for patients with foot complication was ₹19,020/-, also average cost for renal patients Under the north zone, 8 studies were included to calculate both direct and indirect costs of diabetes at the individual/household level (Fig. 1) . Therefore, the findings of the present study suggest that per annum median direct and indirect cost of diabetes at the individual/household level is very colossal in India. cache = ./cache/cord-026990-d3l1sbeb.txt txt = ./txt/cord-026990-d3l1sbeb.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-029211-6o7qn2y2 author = nan title = Press review date = 2020-07-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6197 sentences = 368 flesch = 52 summary = In this study, we aimed to report the 5-year oncological outcomes, including local recurrence, metastatic disease, and survival. Patients age 18 years and older with T2T3 low rectal cancer, of maximum size 4 cm, who were clinically good responders after chemoradiotherapy (residual tumour ≤ 2 cm) were randomly assigned before surgery to either local excision or total mesorectal excision. The primary objective of this study was to assess the 5-year oncological outcomes of local recurrence, metastatic disease, disease-free survival, overall survival, and cancer-specific mortality, which were the secondary endpoints of GRECCAR 2. After 2 years, overall and disease-free survival tended to be improved in simultaneous as compared with delayed-resection groups (P 0.05), a tendency which persisted for OS after a median follow-up of 47 months. This retrospective monocenter study analyzed the shortand long-term outcomes of pancreatectomies associated with arterial resection for patients with either borderline (27%) or locally advanced (73%) pancreatic adenocarcinoma. cache = ./cache/cord-029211-6o7qn2y2.txt txt = ./txt/cord-029211-6o7qn2y2.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-025366-haf542y0 author = Offit, Paul A. title = Vaccine safety date = 2012-11-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 16621 sentences = 797 flesch = 44 summary = 147, 148 In the United States, the CDC established the Clinical Immunization Safety Assessment (CISA) network in 2001 with the following primary goals: (1) to develop research protocols for clinical evaluation, diagnosis, and management of adverse events following immunization (AEFI); (2) to improve the understanding of AEFI at the individual level, including determining possible genetic and other risk factors for predisposed persons and high-risk subpopulations; (3) to develop evidence-based algorithms for vaccination of persons at risk of serious adverse events following immunization; and (4) to provide a resource of subject matter experts for clinical vaccine safety inquiries. Third, large population-based systems that link computerized vaccination data with health care encounter codes were used to conduct rapid ongoing analyses to evaluate possible associations of H1N1 vaccination with selected adverse events, including potential associations suggested by VAERS or other sources. cache = ./cache/cord-025366-haf542y0.txt txt = ./txt/cord-025366-haf542y0.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-030922-l7xuu9a5 author = Bergström, Anna title = The use of the PARIHS framework in implementation research and practice—a citation analysis of the literature date = 2020-08-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 12740 sentences = 569 flesch = 37 summary = BACKGROUND: The Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARIHS) framework was developed two decades ago and conceptualizes successful implementation (SI) as a function (f) of the evidence (E) nature and type, context (C) quality, and the facilitation (F), [SI = f (E,C,F)]. The PARIHS framework is a commonly used conceptual framework [1, 4] that posits successful implementation (SI) as a function (f) of the nature and type of evidence (E) (including research, clinical experience, patient experience, and local information), the qualities of the context (C) of implementation (including culture, leadership, and evaluation), and the way the implementation process is facilitated (F) (internal and/or external person acting as a facilitator to enable the process of implementation); SI = f(E,C,F). Categorical data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, whereas the open-ended items were analyzed qualitatively [16] , including the collated extractions of data to illustrate each of the four types of use (i.e., how the PARIHS framework was depicted in terms of (1) planning and delivering an intervention, (2) analysis, (3) evaluation of study findings, and/or (4) in any other way). cache = ./cache/cord-030922-l7xuu9a5.txt txt = ./txt/cord-030922-l7xuu9a5.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023913-pnjhi8cu author = Foreman, Stephen title = Broader Considerations of Medical and Dental Data Integration date = 2011-10-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 47663 sentences = 2231 flesch = 44 summary = So while there has been no shortage of effort paid to improving Medicare, the one common theme in all of the recent initiatives is that dental care has been conspicuously 1 A new study by Hedlund, Jeffcoat, Genco and Tanna funded by CIGNA of patients with Type II diabetes and periodontal disease found that medical costs of patients who received maintenance therapy were $2483.51 per year lower than patients who did not. Examples of integrated care models do exist, such as that presented by (Heuer 2007 ) involving school-linked and school-based clinics with an "innovative health infrastructure." According to Heuer, "Neighborhood Outreach Action for Health (NOAH)" is staffed by two nurse practitioners and a part-time physician to provide "primary medical services to more than 3,200 uninsured patients each year" in Scottsdale, Arizona. cache = ./cache/cord-023913-pnjhi8cu.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023913-pnjhi8cu.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-021206-4zyqqgs0 author = nan title = Scientific and Educational Exhibits date = 2007 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 138669 sentences = 8591 flesch = 48 summary = Purpose: To analyze the clinical and imaging fi ndings of BI-RADS category 3 breast lesions by mammographic and ultrasonographic (US) assessment ultimately diagnosed as malignancy in retrospect Methods and Materials: Of 3,207 cases of US-guided core needle biopsy for 4 years, category 3 was given after biopsy, based on mammographic and sonographic evaluation, in 1,099 lesions (41.7%) that were composed of 462 palpable and 637 nonpalpable lesions. Background: Regional kinesis alteration of IVS is associated with different cardiac conditions which may have both pathological and physiological meanings of which the most important are the following: a) left bundle branch block that may determine intra-left ventricular asynchrony and may represent an independent predictor of severe cardiac events in heart failure patients; b) pulmonary embolism that increase right ventricle pressure; c) constrictive pericarditis; d) restrictive cardiomyopathies; e) post-operative cardiac surgery. cache = ./cache/cord-021206-4zyqqgs0.txt txt = ./txt/cord-021206-4zyqqgs0.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-005814-ak5pq312 author = nan title = 8th European Congress of Intensive Care Medicine Athens - Greece, October 18–22, 1995 Abstracts date = 1995 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 179164 sentences = 12028 flesch = 56 summary = Results: In 5 patients with treated SS, 16 tests were performed (VL n=8; Dobu n=4; NA n=4 Method: Septic shock was defined as severe sepsis with either persistent hypotension (mean arterial pressure; MAP<70 mmHg) or the requirement for a noradrenaline (NA) infusion ~> 0.1 ~g/kg/min with a MAP _< 90mmHg. Cardiovascular support was limited to NA + dobutamine (DB), 546C88 was administered for up to 8 h at a fixed dose-rate of either i, 2.5, 5, 10 or 20 mg/kg/h iv. Methods: Fourteen cases were s~udied,their gestational age ranged from(27-32)ws.Continnous positive air way pressure was applied to six cases at Peep level from (3-6)cm H2o through nasal pronge,(group I),the other 8 cases were managed as routine,(group II).Blood gases, TcPO2,TcCo2,resp.rate,depth and pattern were monitored for assessment of tissue Oxygenation and ventilation, Results: Our rasults showed that early application of CPAP improve ventilation among (83.3%)of cases,while (16.7%)of cases need IMV.The cases of group II need IMV among (75%)of the studied cases during the second or the third day of life. cache = ./cache/cord-005814-ak5pq312.txt txt = ./txt/cord-005814-ak5pq312.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-029423-o24dthlk author = Iwuji, Collins C. title = A phase IV randomised, open-label pilot study to evaluate switching from protease-inhibitor based regimen to Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide single tablet regimen in Integrase inhibitor-naïve, virologically suppressed HIV-1 infected adults harbouring drug resistance mutations (PIBIK study): study protocol for a randomised trial date = 2020-07-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6714 sentences = 314 flesch = 44 summary = title: A phase IV randomised, open-label pilot study to evaluate switching from protease-inhibitor based regimen to Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide single tablet regimen in Integrase inhibitor-naïve, virologically suppressed HIV-1 infected adults harbouring drug resistance mutations (PIBIK study): study protocol for a randomised trial METHODS/DESIGN: A phase IV, investigator-initiated, multicentre, open label pilot, randomised two-arm study to assess the safety and efficacy of switching from bPI regimen to B/F/TAF single tablet regimen in integrase inhibitor-naïve, virologically suppressed adults with HIV-1 infection harbouring drug resistance mutations. The PIBIK trial is a phase IV, investigator-initiated, prospective, multicentre, open label pilot, randomised two arm study to assess the safety and efficacy of switching from a bPI-based regimen to B/F/TAF single tablet regimen in INSTI-naïve, virologically suppressed HIV-1 Infected adults harbouring drug resistance mutations. cache = ./cache/cord-029423-o24dthlk.txt txt = ./txt/cord-029423-o24dthlk.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-255901-nl9k8uwd author = Barasheed, Osamah title = Uptake and effectiveness of facemask against respiratory infections at mass gatherings: a systematic review date = 2016-03-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4522 sentences = 256 flesch = 50 summary = Studies conducted in community or health care settings found facemasks to be generally effective against influenza-like illness (ILI) or even against severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) but its effectiveness against respiratory infections at MGs remains unknown. 15, 17 A review of non-pharmaceutical interventions against respiratory tract infections among Hajj pilgrims presented data on the uptake of facemask and acknowledged that compliance was generally poor, but did not evaluate its effectiveness during Hajj. A few studies showed that providing educational session on protective measures against respiratory infections (including facemask) before Hajj was associated with significantly higher uptake of facemasks among pilgrims. 68 Focused studies are required to investigate factors influencing facemask compliance among attendees of Hajj and other MGs. In this systematic review, pooled data of facemask effectiveness showed that participants who used facemask during Hajj are about 20% less likely to suffer from respiratory infections compared to those who do not use it. cache = ./cache/cord-255901-nl9k8uwd.txt txt = ./txt/cord-255901-nl9k8uwd.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-029112-u507i0t0 author = Smith, Keisha title = A Phase 3 Open-label, Randomized, Controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Intravenously Administered Ravulizumab Compared with Best Supportive Care in Patients with COVID-19 Severe Pneumonia, Acute Lung Injury, or Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial date = 2020-07-13 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 20880 sentences = 1243 flesch = 46 summary = Study ALXN1210-COV-305 is a multicenter Phase 3, open-label, randomized, controlled study designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravenous (IV) ravulizumab + best supportive care (BSC), compared with BSC alone in patients with a confirmed diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and a clinical presentation consistent with COVID-19 severe pneumonia, acute lung injury, or ARDS. cache = ./cache/cord-029112-u507i0t0.txt txt = ./txt/cord-029112-u507i0t0.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-025495-udz9i0fw author = Nowak, Jan K. title = Lithium and coronaviral infections. A scoping review. date = 2020-04-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5329 sentences = 296 flesch = 46 summary = The available evidence comes only from studies of cell cultures and indicates that lithium effectively inhibits coronaviral infections when administered at concentrations that are toxic to humans. "The available evidence comes only from studies of cell cultures and indicates that lithium effectively inhibits coronaviral infections when administered at concentrations that are toxic to humans." The prescription of lithium in the context of the current epidemic thus appears not to be supportable by the findings. Lithium also seemed to bring improvement in a proof-of-concept randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial involving eleven healthy adults with recurrent HSV infections and in a randomized study of ten women with genital herpes conducted by the same research group from Philadelphia." Therefore it seems that in some instances lithium exhibits antiviral activity at concentrations, which are safe and maintained long-term (for years) in patients with affective disorders. The latter study gives hope that lithium may indeed be efficient at clinically relevant levels." In terms of discussion, the authors reviewed some existing literature and suggested a potential mechanism of reduced apoptosis by lithium, the glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta (GSK-3β) inhibitor. cache = ./cache/cord-025495-udz9i0fw.txt txt = ./txt/cord-025495-udz9i0fw.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023353-2yoz1t6a author = nan title = ABSTRACTS FROM THE 2010 EVDI ANNUAL MEETING date = 2010-12-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 30157 sentences = 1720 flesch = 48 summary = 3 Department of Physiology and Biometry, Ghent University, Belgium Introduction/Purpose: The microbubble-based contrast agents for ultrasonography have become more used in recent years in dogs1, and have been reported to be useful in differentiating adenomas from nonadenomatous lesions in human patients with adrenal masses2. Peak intensity Time to Introduction/Purpose: Studies with contrast enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) on focal splenic lesions have shown discrepancies in accuracy for differentiating benign from malignant lesions.1-3 A speculative explanation for false positives may be the absence of a dual blood supply to the spleen compared to the liver. 1 The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that the suggested maximum normal kidney size obtained from radiographs is too high and also to evaluate whether breed type (brachycephalic, doliocephalic, mesocephalic), age, gender, weight and body condition of the dog have an impact on kidney size. cache = ./cache/cord-023353-2yoz1t6a.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023353-2yoz1t6a.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023442-4vzwc2d2 author = nan title = Proceedings of SCANNING 94/SEEMS 94 Charleston, South Carolina, USA date = 2006-12-05 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 55552 sentences = 2821 flesch = 48 summary = IV-4 Scanning Vol. 16, Supplement IV (1994) Simulation of image formation and detection systems in the SEM is a vital link in performing image analysis to obtain precise measurements, to provide the necessary connection between image parameters and structural dimensions, and to reflect important microscope beam and detector parameters. By knowing the transfer function, noise, and distortion figure in digital form, it is relatively easy to obtain more accurate comparison of the measured and calculated signal (Fig. 1 The calculation of image contrast in the scanning electron microscope (SEM) can be done using Monte Carlo techniques if the electron trajectories can be calculated through the composition profiles in the specimen. Specimens providing IV-18 Scanning Vol. 16, Supplement IV (1994) FIG highly redundant structures and relatively smooth fractures, such as cell suspensions or o/w emulsions, were investigated using freeze fracture/replication and ambient temperature transmission electron microscopy (AT-TEM). cache = ./cache/cord-023442-4vzwc2d2.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023442-4vzwc2d2.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023333-b7w9zrl6 author = nan title = Oeld/Population Health SIG: Poster Session date = 2011-03-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 32009 sentences = 1914 flesch = 56 summary = Expression of MR, CD91 and CD31 were decreased in patients with NEA or COPD, but not signifi cantly changed in EA Conclusion Impaired sputum-macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic cells in NEA is associated with reduced expression of key macrophage recognition molecules. Conclusions Subjects with severe persistent asthma have an eating pattern of lower diet quality with higher intakes of fat and lower intakes of fi bre than healthy controls, which is related to lower lung function and increased airway infl ammation. Support and Confl ict of Interest Nil. Methods We performed a retrospective chart review of all adult patients who had an ICC over a 24-month period within a tertiary hospital respiratory service. The objectives of our study were to (1) determine the point prevalence and identify viruses associated with exacerbations and (2) evaluate clinical and investigational differences between viral infection positive and negative exacerbations in children with non-CF bronchiectasis. cache = ./cache/cord-023333-b7w9zrl6.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023333-b7w9zrl6.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-252691-757mh2mh author = Pratt, R. J. title = epic2: National Evidence-Based Guidelines for Preventing Healthcare-Associated Infections in NHS Hospitals in England date = 2007-02-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 25528 sentences = 1404 flesch = 39 summary = Following extensive consultation, they were published in January 2001.1 These guidelines describe the precautions healthcare workers should take in three areas: standard principles for preventing HCAI, which include hospital environmental hygiene, hand hygiene, the use of personal protective equipment, and the safe use and disposal of sharps; preventing infections associated with the use of short-term indwelling urethral catheters; and preventing infections associated with central venous catheters. epic2: Guidelines for Preventing Healthcare-Associated Infections in NHS Hospitals S15 Current evidence-based guidelines conclude that in both outbreak and non-outbreak situations contaminated hands are responsible for crosstransmission of microorganisms and that effective and effective hand decontamination can significantly reduce both cross-transmission and crossinfection rates for the majority of HCAI in all healthcare settings. 1, 85 The decision to use or wear personal protective equipment must be based upon an assessment of epic2: Guidelines for Preventing Healthcare-Associated Infections in NHS Hospitals S19 the level of risk associated with a specific patient care activity or intervention and take account of current health and safety legislation. cache = ./cache/cord-252691-757mh2mh.txt txt = ./txt/cord-252691-757mh2mh.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-019490-m1cuuehi author = nan title = Abstracts cont. date = 2015-12-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 93588 sentences = 5683 flesch = 50 summary = Tigecycline Evaluation Surveillance Trial (TEST) -Global in vitro antibacterial activity against selected species of glucose non-fermenting organisms Objective: Despite the introduction of new antimicrobials to treat resistant gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus continues to be a therapeutic challenge for the clinician. Two prospective studies from our centre identified common causes of CAP in India to be Mycoplasma pneumoniae [MP] and Legionella pneumophila [LP] by serology in 11% each, and SPN in 10% by culture of respiratory secretions/blood/ Conclusion: Although SPN is the most common isolate, the rising numbers of gram negative organisms (38%) and atypical pathogens associated with increasing mortality stress the need for review of initial antibiotic choice for adults with higher PORT classes. Conclusion: The spectrum of isolates among our patients were shifting towards gram positive bacteria with high resistance to different groups of antimicrobial agents limiting few choices for alternative therapies for infection control. cache = ./cache/cord-019490-m1cuuehi.txt txt = ./txt/cord-019490-m1cuuehi.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-032623-32m3qko4 author = Durkin, Louisa title = When mycologists describe new species, not all relevant information is provided (clearly enough) date = 2020-09-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7475 sentences = 391 flesch = 53 summary = To assess whether fungal species descriptions are attuned to both the wants and needs of a target audience beyond taxonomists and the sign of the times, we explored 10 years' worth of fungal species descriptions of extant mycological taxa in five major mycological journals (plus one botany journal for reference) for a range of factors pertaining to inter-and intra-scientific terms and concepts, science-demographical aspects, and illustrations and visualisations (Tables 1, 2; Suppl. Dark green -proportion of studies mentioning the word "ecology" or its variations; brown -proportion of studies giving a complete account of the taxonomic affiliation of the new species (family, order, and phylum); purple -proportion of studies with a macroscopic colour photo/illustration of the new species; pink -proportion of studies with macroscopic photos, that also indicate the size of the depicted object through a scale bar or a fiducial marker; light green -proportion of studies with an identification key; yellow -proportion of openly available papers for each year as assessed in 2020 B demographical and publication trends showing the average number of coauthors (dark green), departments (brown), countries (purple), continents (pink), and number of data visualizations (light green) over time. cache = ./cache/cord-032623-32m3qko4.txt txt = ./txt/cord-032623-32m3qko4.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-015021-pol2qm74 author = nan title = Third International Congress on the Immune Consequences of Trauma, Shock and Sepsis —Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches date = 1994 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 162327 sentences = 9379 flesch = 50 summary = It is our current understanding that LPS is responsible for many of the pathophysiological events observed during gramnegative infections and that one of the major mechanisms leading to shock and death is the LPS-induced activation of macrophages resulting in the production and release of lipid and peptide mediators, among which tumor necrosis factor seems to be the most important. However plasma IL-6 estimation revealed a statistically significant reduction at 6 hours in tanrine-treated animals compared to glycino and TW controls ( Objective: To evaluate the effects of allogeneic blood transfusion, thermal injury and bacterial garage on interteukin 4 (IL-4), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) production and host mortality and to study if the administration of thymopentth (THY) could affect these events. cache = ./cache/cord-015021-pol2qm74.txt txt = ./txt/cord-015021-pol2qm74.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-022889-lv6fy6e6 author = Dávalos, Alberto title = Literature review of baseline information on non‐coding RNA (ncRNA) to support the risk assessment of ncRNA‐based genetically modified plants for food and feed date = 2019-08-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 96011 sentences = 5041 flesch = 51 summary = This report suggests that some plant ncRNAs (e.g miRNAs and siRNAs) show higher stability as compared to other ncRNAs due to peculiar chemical characteristics (2'‐O‐methylation at 3' end).However, ingested or administered ncRNA must overcome many extracellular and cellular barriers to reach the intended target tissue or functional location in sufficient amount to exert any biological effect. Finally, the publications reporting the outcome of two EFSA procurements aiming respectively at investigating and summarising the state of knowledge on the mode-of-action of dsRNA and miRNA pathways, the potential for non-target gene regulation by dsRNA-derived siRNAs or miRNAs, the determination of siRNA pools in plant tissues and the importance of individual siRNAs for silencing 6 ; and reviewing relevant scientific information on RNA interference that could serve as baseline information for the environmental risk assessment of RNAi-based GM plants ) 7 were also used. cache = ./cache/cord-022889-lv6fy6e6.txt txt = ./txt/cord-022889-lv6fy6e6.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-031243-p6142nt1 author = Lewis, Mae M. title = From Study-Abroad to Study-at-Home: Teaching Cross-Cultural Design Thinking During COVID-19 date = 2020-09-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3106 sentences = 153 flesch = 45 summary = The online format replaced these site visits with ''virtual field trips'' featuring YouTube videos and readings and were assessed by discussion board posts relating them to other course activities. Students individually perform start-of-course and end-of-course self-assessments of their Global Learning and their Intercultural Knowledge and Competence 5,6 and respond to free-response reflection prompts inspired by the set proposed by the University of Michigan for international programs in engineering, 10 though substantial modifications were made for the transition to online learning. Some key ideas typically noted from interviews conducted by study-abroad students were observed in the online format as demonstrated by the students' written reflections and actionable problem statements, e.g., differences between the US and Portuguese governments' roles in healthcare. The online version of the class retained some of the major learning objectives in AI, breast cancer, and the role of culture in healthcare delivery and design of healthcare technologies through interviews, discussion board posts, concept maps, and tweetable actionable problem statements. cache = ./cache/cord-031243-p6142nt1.txt txt = ./txt/cord-031243-p6142nt1.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-253000-nwbmxepi author = Margină, Denisa title = Chronic Inflammation in the Context of Everyday Life: Dietary Changes as Mitigating Factors date = 2020-06-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8273 sentences = 424 flesch = 37 summary = Fasting in combination with calorie restriction modulates molecular mechanisms such as m-TOR, FOXO, NRF2, AMPK, and sirtuins, ultimately leads to significantly reduced inflammatory marker levels, as well as improved metabolic markers. It has been found that intermittent fasting can prevent and reverse all aspects of metabolic syndrome in rodents: body fat, inflammation, and blood pressure are reduced; insulin sensitivity is increased; and the functional capacity of the neuromuscular and cardiovascular systems are improved [151] [152] [153] . In another study, which used the same fasting guidelines, improved metabolic markers were observed after periodic fasting, including a decrease in blood glucose levels associated with changes in gut microbiome composition [73] . These changes include increased fiber and polyphenol intake compared to the current western diets, but also well-structured, personalized fasting protocols, which can reduce the risk of metabolic disorders (Figure 3) . cache = ./cache/cord-253000-nwbmxepi.txt txt = ./txt/cord-253000-nwbmxepi.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-030371-wp6xmaqe author = Kubota, Kazuo title = Basic Science of PET Imaging for Inflammatory Diseases date = 2019-12-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 15774 sentences = 767 flesch = 37 summary = Based on the critical role of neuroinflammation characterized by glial activation in neuropathogenesis, in vivo imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) is required in clinical and preclinical studies for the purposes of elucidation of pathogenesis and novel treatment development, because it is commonly available in human and experimental animal models. In a preclinical study conducted in small animal models of brain ischemia and traumatic brain injury, a second-generation TSPO tracer [ 18 F]DPA-714 PET was used for the evaluation of glial activation; the TSPO uptake was validated by comparison with the immunohistochemical findings of co-staining for TSPO and a microglial/macrophage or astrocyte maker. Although the binding affinity in humans has been shown to vary due to polymorphism, TSPO PET has been employed as an effective tool to visualize and quantify the degree of neuroinflammation associated with glial activation in preclinical studies conducted using animal models, including rodents [106] . cache = ./cache/cord-030371-wp6xmaqe.txt txt = ./txt/cord-030371-wp6xmaqe.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-258399-difauneh author = Rahmani, Amir Masoud title = Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) prevention and treatment methods and effective parameters: A systematic literature review date = 2020-10-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 10486 sentences = 586 flesch = 43 summary =  Providing a new-of-the-art taxonomy tree for evaluating the issue based on three baseline fields of treatment, and prevention facing methods, and the effective parameters in the COVID-19 outbreak  Providing a systematic literature review based on the proposed taxonomy tree  Covering detection, prediction, and management approaches against the disease according to three heads of treatment, prevention, and effective parameters  Supporting future scopes according to economic damages, treatment's injuries, and people's physical and mental damages after recovery and regarding social distancing's rules in post-pandemic This tree covers the heads of all studies in the domain of the issue to investigate the effective parameters in the virus outbreak (Individual, ethnic, cultural, and social habits and environmental factors), prevention and detection's role in facing the disease, and various therapies' impact on improving patients' with COVID-19 considering the treatment's injuries. cache = ./cache/cord-258399-difauneh.txt txt = ./txt/cord-258399-difauneh.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-022501-9wnmdvg5 author = nan title = P1460 – P1884 date = 2015-12-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 128256 sentences = 7808 flesch = 51 summary = Methods: Using published data on (1) the prevalence of MRSA and other bacterial pathogens causing cSSSI in the US, (2) the in-vitro susceptibility rates of commonly used regimens in cSSSI in the US in relation to the most pervasive pathogens identified above, and (3) estimated costs of failure of initial, empiric treatment from a recent study of a large US multi-hospital database, we developed a model to predict the expected clinical and economic impact of increasing prevalence of MRSA. Small outbreaks of VEB-1 ESBL producing Acinetobacter baumannii in Belgian nursing homes and hospitals through cross-border transfer of patients from northern France Methods: From 01/04 to 03/05, all Belgian acute hospitals were invited to report cases of nosocomial infections/colonisations due to MDR Ab isolates presenting a resistance profile similar to the French epidemic strain (resistance to all agents except carbapenems and colistin) and to send such isolates to the reference laboratory for phenotypic confirmation and for genotypic characterization (PCR of VEB-1 and class 1 Integron, PFGE typing). cache = ./cache/cord-022501-9wnmdvg5.txt txt = ./txt/cord-022501-9wnmdvg5.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-030725-876arxiu author = nan title = September 2020 New in Review date = 2020-08-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2743 sentences = 170 flesch = 47 summary = Researchers assessed nutritional risks among older patients diagnosed with COVID-19 along with their associated clinical outcomes. The NRS 2002 was designed to predict clinical effects of nutritional treatment in hospital settings with two levels: level 1 and level 2 contained factors of BMI status, weight loss history, nutritional intake, and disease severity. Association of work requirements with Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program participation by race/ ethnicity and disability status, 2013-2017. Dietary patterns studied included the Alternative Healthy Eating Index, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet score, and Mediterranean-style, adherence to which was determined via the food frequency questionnaire. Association between lifestyle factors, vitamin and garlic supplementation, and gastric cancer outcomes: A secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial. A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial was performed to examine this issue using a sample of 3,365 participants. Demographic variables taken included age, sex, race/ethnicity, participation in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, family income level, education of parents, and health insurance status. cache = ./cache/cord-030725-876arxiu.txt txt = ./txt/cord-030725-876arxiu.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-032379-pelz3ygf author = nan title = October 2020 New in Review date = 2020-09-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3578 sentences = 230 flesch = 48 summary = Using a social constructivist perspective for analysis, the researchers designed a retrospective biographical study, using a sample of 30 adults. Researchers examined the shape of sexspecific associations of dietary protein intake with 3-and 6-year changes in muscle mass and gait speed, as well as mobility limitation in older adults. A randomized controlled trial using a sample of 140 participants was designed to test this question. Researchers investigated the relationship between sedentary behavior, walking, and high-intensity physical activity (HIPA), and risk factors for cardiovascular disease among adults and older adults. Long-term development effect of withholding parenteral nutrition in pediatric intensive care units: A 4-year follow-up of the PEPaNIC randomized controlled trial. The efficacy of prebiotic, probiotic, and symbiotic supplementation in modulating gut-derived circulatory particles associated with cardiovascular disease in individuals receiving dialysis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Dietary intake and biomarkers of linoleic acid and mortality: Systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies cache = ./cache/cord-032379-pelz3ygf.txt txt = ./txt/cord-032379-pelz3ygf.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-260112-tb087txz author = Kassardjian, Charles D. title = Practical Guidance for Managing EMG Requests and Testing during the COVID‐19 Pandemic date = 2020-04-11 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2027 sentences = 109 flesch = 47 summary = The Quality and Patient Safety Committee (QPSC) of the AANEM was tasked with finding methods to help address member concerns regarding postponing EDX studies as a result of the limited availability of clinical services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Inpatient EDX studies should only be performed in urgent situations, in patients with severe deficits, and in whom EDX testing is likely to appreciably alter management by establishing a diagnosis or leading to a specific treatment. Accepted Article report of GBS in association with COVID-19 highlights the usefulness of EDX studies in differentiating causes of acute weakness in a critically ill patient, including potentially treatable conditions. In trying to limit the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection and "flatten the curve" of the pandemic, clinicians must make difficult decisions about the urgency of EDX studies, and limit availability to patients in whom the test is absolutely essential to diagnose and appropriately treat serious neuromuscular disorders. cache = ./cache/cord-260112-tb087txz.txt txt = ./txt/cord-260112-tb087txz.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-034339-1fgbubsc author = Holz, N. E. title = Kohortenstudien in der Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie date = 2020-10-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3140 sentences = 342 flesch = 39 summary = BACKGROUND: Longitudinal cohort studies with early start and life span perspectives are increasingly recognized as being crucial to uncover developmental trajectories as well as risk and resilience factors of psychiatric disorders. OBJECTIVE: The importance of longitudinal studies is presented and the main findings of the Mannheim study of children at risk (MARS), the adolescent brain cognitive development (ABCD), the pediatric and adolescent health survey (Kinderund Jugendgesundheitssurvey, KiGGS) and the AIMS longitudinal European autism project (LEAP) cohort studies are described. Longitudinal cohort studies with early start and life span perspectives are increasingly recognized as being crucial to uncover developmental trajectories as well as risk and resilience factors of psychiatric disorders. Die US-basierte ABCD(Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development)-Studie untersucht die Hirnentwicklung von der Kindheit bis ins Jugendalter mit dem Ziel, sowohl biologische als auch umweltbasierte Faktoren, die die Entwicklungsverläufe insbesondere im Hinblick auf Suchterkrankungen beeinflussen, aufzudecken. cache = ./cache/cord-034339-1fgbubsc.txt txt = ./txt/cord-034339-1fgbubsc.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-032926-mrnsaexq author = Waitz, Markus title = Application of two different nasal CPAP levels for the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants—“The OPTTIMMAL-Trial”—Optimizing PEEP To The IMMAture Lungs: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial date = 2020-10-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6993 sentences = 335 flesch = 47 summary = BACKGROUND: Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) applies positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and has been shown to reduce the need for intubation and invasive mechanical ventilation in very low birth weight infants with respiratory distress syndrome. Results of a secondary analysis from a cohort study in 34 international centers that participated in a nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation trial indicate a large variation of PEEP levels used in clinical practice during neonatal resuscitation and the first 28 days of life (i.e., 3-9 cmH 2 O) [10] . The primary hypothesis of this study is that the use of a higher PEEP range in preterm infants born at 26 + 0-29 + 6 weeks gestational age (GA) receiving prophylactic nasal CPAP support after birth reduces the incidence of intubation and/or meeting predefined CPAP failure criteria within the first 120 h of life when compared to the application of a lower PEEP range. cache = ./cache/cord-032926-mrnsaexq.txt txt = ./txt/cord-032926-mrnsaexq.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-103522-94zqk6lu author = Shah, S. G. S. title = Are digital technology interventions effective to reduce loneliness in older adults? A systematic review and meta-analysis date = 2020-09-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6393 sentences = 482 flesch = 53 summary = For data collection, we used a priori data extraction template (Tables 1-2) , which comprised a number of columns: Author(s), year and country of study; study aim/objectives; research design; settings; participants' characteristics (age, gender and ethnicity); health/medical condition; sampling method and size; participant attrition (numbers / %), research method(s) / data collection tool(s); intervention(s) (e.g. type/tool of digital technology), comparator(s).(e.g. alternative intervention, placebo or care as usual), intervention duration (weeks / months),.measurement stages (e.g. baseline and follow-up -weeks/months after the baseline), outcomes/results/findings (e.g. loneliness scores (including statistics e.g. mean values, standard deviations, standard errors and confidence intervals) and authors' conclusion(s) (34) . The effectiveness of social robots for older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies Effectiveness of digital technology interventions to reduce loneliness in adults: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis The effectiveness of digital technology interventions to reduce loneliness in adult people: a systematic review and meta-analysis cache = ./cache/cord-103522-94zqk6lu.txt txt = ./txt/cord-103522-94zqk6lu.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-019347-tj3ye1mx author = nan title = ABSTRACT BOOK date = 2010-02-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 107926 sentences = 6940 flesch = 53 summary = Method:Case Report:A 15y/o w/f athlete presented with a two month history of recurrent hives and angioedema which she associated with ingestion of Halloween candy .One week before evaluation she had hives with Coconut as well.Her history was othewise unremarkable except for recurrent UTI'S, annual sinusitis, pneumonia in 1998 as well as migraines.She denied sexual activity.Her physical exam was normal.Results:An evaluation for autoimmune disease revealed normal ESR, ANA, DSDNA, mono and hepatitis serology as well as lyme titers however her CH50 was low17u/ml(normal 26-58U/ml)and evaluation of complement revealed c4 14mg/dl(normal 16-47mg//dl)and c2 <1.3mg/dl(normal 1.6-3.5mg/dl)with normal c3, c5-c9.Her father had nor-malc4 but c2 was 1.4mg/dl (normal 1.6-3.5mg/dl)Her sister had c2 of 1.5mg/dl and normal c4 and her mother had normal c2 and c4.Her workup included positive prick skin test to ragweed, ash and grass and she was started on Rhinocort and Clarinex seasonally.She has been followed for one year with resolution of hives and is asymptomatic.Her diagnosis had been confirmed by a pediatric rheumatologist.Conclusion;We present an atypical case of C2 complement deficiency in an currently asymptomatic individual. cache = ./cache/cord-019347-tj3ye1mx.txt txt = ./txt/cord-019347-tj3ye1mx.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-255877-k8r98w3e author = Toye, Francine title = A qualitative evidence synthesis using meta-ethnography to understand the experience of living with pelvic organ prolapse date = 2020-09-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4513 sentences = 316 flesch = 57 summary = title: A qualitative evidence synthesis using meta-ethnography to understand the experience of living with pelvic organ prolapse Our innovation was to undertake a comprehensive search and conceptual synthesis of primary qualitative research using the methods of meta-ethnography to help us to understand what it like to live with POP. We organized 162 ideas from the primary studies into 27 conceptual categories and 10 themes: my body is broken; the life of a woman can take its toll; I am broken; it has taken the woman out of me; my world is shrinking; pelvic organ prolapse is taboo; what on earth is going on down there; powerless in healthcare; which treatment should I choose; it was a relief to tell someone about it. Exploration of sexual experience among women with pelvic organ prolapse: a qualitative study cache = ./cache/cord-255877-k8r98w3e.txt txt = ./txt/cord-255877-k8r98w3e.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-255230-i6q73bhs author = Makhanova, Anastasia title = Capturing Fluctuations in Pathogen Avoidance: the Situational Pathogen Avoidance Scale date = 2020-08-13 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 12464 sentences = 682 flesch = 53 summary = Across six studies, we demonstrate the reliability and validity of the SPA scale, show that the scale is influenced by situational activation of pathogen avoidance motives, and demonstrate that it mediates the association between pathogen avoidance motives (both chronic and situational) and social biases against obese and foreign targets. Study 1 is a preliminary study intended to establish the reliability and factor structure of the scale and examine predictive validity by assessing the association between the SPA scale and aversive reactions toward an obese target (a heuristic cue associated with pathogen avoidance). Study 1 provides initial evidence for the reliability and the one-factor structure of the SPA scale and examined whether SPA scores were associated with bias against a target linked to heuristic pathogen threat (an obese target). Additionally, individuals who reported higher (relative to lower) SPA scores also reported more aversive reactions toward an obese target, consistent with prior research linking pathogen avoidance to prejudice against targets heuristically associated with illness. cache = ./cache/cord-255230-i6q73bhs.txt txt = ./txt/cord-255230-i6q73bhs.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-262127-zpt0kamn author = Hussaindeen, Jameel Rizwana title = Accommodative Insufficiency: Prevalence, Impact and Treatment Options date = 2020-09-11 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7279 sentences = 416 flesch = 42 summary = METHODS: PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane Collaboration search engines were used with the keywords prevalence, accommodative insufficiency, symptoms, plus lens, vision therapy and treatment. 36 Sterner et al in 2006 studied the relationship between subjective symptoms and reduced accommodative amplitude among children in the age group 6-10 years. Near addition plus lenses, vision therapy and accommodative facility training are the most commonly recommended and practiced treatment options. In a small sample of 19 children with a mean age of 10 years randomized to home-based ±1.50 DS accommodative flipper training and +1.00 DS reading addition, improvements in accommodative amplitudes and symptoms were reported in both the treatment arms, with better improvements in the facility group. A 2019 RCT by the Convergence Insufficiency Treatment Trial: Attention and Reading Trial (CITT-ART) study group showed that vision therapy for CI did not improve reading performance on standardized reading tests. cache = ./cache/cord-262127-zpt0kamn.txt txt = ./txt/cord-262127-zpt0kamn.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-022650-phsr10jp author = nan title = Abstracts TPS date = 2018-08-14 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 119675 sentences = 7010 flesch = 55 summary = 0685 | Skin prick test reactivity to aeroallergens in adult allergy clinic in a tertiary hospital: a 12-year retrospective study Results: Five different human sera were screened for specific IgE level against 29 different allergen sources using test methods of three different suppliers. Conclusion: This multicenter prospective study confirmed that stepwise single-dose OFC to egg will help to clarify the severity of egg allergy, and will contribute to improved food allergy manageMethod: The study design was a retrospective cohort study extracting data from the electronic chart of children older than 4 years who visited our out-patient clinic for egg or milk allergy and who underwent an oral food challenge test (OFC) twice within 24 months between November 2013 and December 2017. Results: In the base case analysis, using Italy clinical practice patients with moderate-to severe allergic rhino-conjunctivitis (SS ranging from 6 to 15 points) and a mean age at entry of 21 years, both SCIT and SLIT were associated with increased cost but superior efficacy compared to pharmacotherapy alone. cache = ./cache/cord-022650-phsr10jp.txt txt = ./txt/cord-022650-phsr10jp.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-264133-yj100ryt author = Anderson, Gregory S. title = Peer Support and Crisis-Focused Psychological Interventions Designed to Mitigate Post-Traumatic Stress Injuries among Public Safety and Frontline Healthcare Personnel: A Systematic Review date = 2020-10-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6344 sentences = 285 flesch = 39 summary = Thematic groups identified within the literature included CISD (n = 5: included 2 studies with undefined organizationally-offered or -facilitated debriefing) and critical incident stress management (CISM, n = 1), as well as several peer support programs (n = 8) including types of psychological or mental health first aid and trauma risk management. Thematic groups identified within the literature included CISD (n = 5: included 2 studies with undefined organizationally-offered or -facilitated debriefing) and critical incident stress management (CISM, n = 1), as well as several peer support programs (n = 8) including types of psychological or mental health first aid and trauma risk management. The current review identified 14 studies measuring the effectiveness of peer support programs and crisis-focused psychological interventions among PSP and FHP following exposure to a PPTE with the hopes of mitigating PTSIs, and ultimately PTSD. cache = ./cache/cord-264133-yj100ryt.txt txt = ./txt/cord-264133-yj100ryt.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-170195-lrg11s5n author = Stoye, Jorg title = A Critical Assessment of Some Recent Work on COVID-19 date = 2020-05-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2764 sentences = 166 flesch = 61 summary = I tentatively re-analyze data from two well-publicized studies on COVID-19, namely the Charit'{e}"viral load in children"and the Bonn"seroprevalence in Heinsberg/Gangelt"study, from information available in the preprints. The authors focus on a hypothesis test as deliverable of their analysis; I would have recommended a nonparametric mean regression with error bands, resulting in some estimated age effect. To the statistically educated reader, the above headlines may suggest that the study tests, and fails to reject, H 0 : "Children have the same viral load as adults." It does not. To take an educated guess, I will now try to recover from the paper a test of H 0 : "Children have the same viral load as adults." To this purpose, I combine the first two and the remaining age bins of Figure 1 to find means of 4.74 and 5.21 with 95% confidence intervals of [4.42, 5.05] and [5.15, 5.27], respectively. cache = ./cache/cord-170195-lrg11s5n.txt txt = ./txt/cord-170195-lrg11s5n.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-102417-xn7m3wqp author = Blake, T. title = Psoriatic disease and body composition: a systematic review of the literature date = 2020-05-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4706 sentences = 263 flesch = 46 summary = Patients with psoriatic disease reveal defined body composition changes that are independent of obesity and the customary metabolic syndrome, including higher overall body fat, visceral fat and sarcopenia. Types of studies • Publication date 1999 (inclusive) -present • Studies from any geographical location • English language • Published studies (including conference papers) • Grey literature (not published in a peer-reviewed journal) including dissertations/theses • Any quantitative study (RCT, non-RCT, observational, cohort, case control) • Studies using qualitative methods of analysis (to describe patterns or themes raised by studies) seeking to understand body composition phenotypes of psoriatic disease. In general, 24 studies confirmed discrete biological and body composition changes in patients with psoriatic disease, which correlated positively with other indicators of metabolic syndrome, including waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, weight, BMI, plasma concentrations of low-density lipoprotein (LDL)cholesterol, leptin and apolipoprotein-B (apo-B). cache = ./cache/cord-102417-xn7m3wqp.txt txt = ./txt/cord-102417-xn7m3wqp.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-102474-fmq98aa8 author = Gooding, K. M. title = Prognostic Imaging Biomarkers for Diabetic Kidney Disease (iBEAt): Study protocol date = 2020-01-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5705 sentences = 264 flesch = 42 summary = Embedded within iBEAT are ancillary substudies that will (1) validate imaging biomarkers against renal histopathology; (2) validate MRI based renal blood flow against water-labelled positron-emission tomography (PET); (3) develop machine-learning methods for automated processing of renal MRI images; (4) examine longitudinal changes in imaging biomarkers; (5) examine whether the glycocalyx, microvascular function and structure are associated with imaging biomarkers and eGFR decline; (6) a pilot study to examine whether the findings in T2D can be extrapolated to type 1 diabetes. The key hypotheses are that (1) imaging-based biomarkers of DKD provide additional information on the pathogenesis and histological and clinical heterogeneity of DKD compared to biomarkers sourced from samples or physical exams, and (2) that changes in imaging biomarkers precede increases in albuminuria and decline in kidney function as measured by eGFR. cache = ./cache/cord-102474-fmq98aa8.txt txt = ./txt/cord-102474-fmq98aa8.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-252922-cdhnlvxv author = West, Erin A. title = Corona Immunitas: study protocol of a nationwide program of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and seroepidemiologic studies in Switzerland date = 2020-10-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5479 sentences = 321 flesch = 47 summary = We describe here the protocol of Corona Immunitas, a centrally coordinated research program consisting of repeated cross-sectional and longitudinal seroprevalence and seroepidemiological studies conducted across several regions and populations in Switzerland, whose aim is to generate reliable data to inform policy-making. Specific aims are to: (1) estimate the number of individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 in the population with or without symptoms at several points in time; (2) compare the seroprevalence between the general population and specific subpopulations; (3) investigate the characteristics, duration, and extent of immunity after infection; (4) assess the association between participant characteristics and behaviors with their risk of infection; and (5) quantify the association between the pandemic and participants' mental and physical health. Corona Immunitas is a research program coordinated by SSPH?, conducting longitudinal, population-based seroprevalence studies covering a number of Swiss Cantons as well as several seroepidemiological studies in specific subpopulations. cache = ./cache/cord-252922-cdhnlvxv.txt txt = ./txt/cord-252922-cdhnlvxv.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-257244-gryp0khc author = Edwards, M. R. title = The potential of anti‐infectives and immunomodulators as therapies for asthma and asthma exacerbations date = 2017-08-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5746 sentences = 317 flesch = 37 summary = Despite these important associations, the use of antiinfectives (antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, vaccines) that specifically target known pathogens, or drugs that are based on or exploit microbe-host receptor interactions (toll-like receptor agonists, bacterial lysates) or are immunomodulators (vitamin D), and/or may work in part by altering our associated microbiology (probiotics) are, with the exception of severe asthma, seldom considered in asthma treatment, prevention and guidelines. Overall, antibiotic use is associated with asthma risk rather than protection at most stages of human development, including pregnancy, 10, 11 early life 12 and childhood, 13 although why this is so is a subject widely debated. 10 In retrospective studies, the association between antibiotic use and increased risk of asthma or wheezing in children is further confused due to the potential of reverse causation. Inhibiting virus replication through interfering with viral enzymes active within cells poses additional problems in drug discovery; however, several useful inhibitors for respiratory tract viruses have found their way into phase I/II clinical trials. cache = ./cache/cord-257244-gryp0khc.txt txt = ./txt/cord-257244-gryp0khc.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023364-ut56gczm author = nan title = EDUCATION DAY MONDAY: PLENARY SESSION 1 MONDAY: PARALLEL SESSIONS date = 2005-06-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 130049 sentences = 7334 flesch = 54 summary = • enhancement of automation/computerisation; • process control to provide an 'error-free pathway'; • (national) surveillance and trend analysis of results, preferably based on national working standards; • significantly increased sensitivity, especially from development of antigen/antibody 'combi' assays (e.g. for HIV, and recently, for HCV); • awareness of HBsAg vaccine-escape mutants and design of assays to cope with this; • extension of range of agents and markers tested for (varies in different countries); • increasing range of assays available for testing donors with a relevant history of exposure to malaria or Chagas' disease infection (for retrieval of otherwise wasted blood); • European Union's in vitro diagnostics directive: this has caused some problems and reduced flexibility. cache = ./cache/cord-023364-ut56gczm.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023364-ut56gczm.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-151118-25cbus1m author = Murray, Benjamin title = Accessible Data Curation and Analytics for International-Scale Citizen Science Datasets date = 2020-11-02 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4954 sentences = 256 flesch = 58 summary = To test the performance of the join operator when ExeTera and Pandas are used, we generate a dataset composed of a left primary key (int64), a right foreign key (int64) and 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 , and 32 fields respectively of random numbers corresponding to entries in the right table (int32). In this work, we present ExeTera, a data curation and analytics tool designed to provide users with a low complexity solution for working on datasets approaching terabyte scale, such as national / international-scale citizen science datasets like the Covid Symptom Study. ExeTera provides features for cleaning, journaling, and generation of reproducible processing and analytics, enabling large research teams to work with consistent measures and analyses that can be reliably recreated from the base data snapshots. Although ExeTera was developed to provide data curation for researchers working on the Zoe Symptom Study, this software is being developed to be generally applicable to large-scale relational datasets for researchers who work in Python. cache = ./cache/cord-151118-25cbus1m.txt txt = ./txt/cord-151118-25cbus1m.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-263322-y4htkvux author = Yang, Jun title = Association between genetic polymorphisms and osteonecrosis in steroid treatment populations: a detailed stratified and dose-response meta-analysis date = 2019-05-14 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4421 sentences = 233 flesch = 47 summary = title: Association between genetic polymorphisms and osteonecrosis in steroid treatment populations: a detailed stratified and dose-response meta-analysis The studies were included in our meta-analysis if they met the following criteria: (1) case-control or cohort studies comparing a population that suffered SONFH with a population that did not suffer after steroid treatment, (2) studies assessing the associations between genetic polymorphisms and SONFH, and (3) studies reporting the frequencies of specific alleles or the effect sizes of individual genotypes between cases and controls. First, the present study found that the ABCB1 rs1045642 mutation has a protective effect on SONFH, and the risk will be further reduced with increasing cumulative steroid dosage. Genetic association of the P-glycoprotein gene ABCB1 polymorphisms with the risk for steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head in Chinese population cache = ./cache/cord-263322-y4htkvux.txt txt = ./txt/cord-263322-y4htkvux.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-262780-ilu5oskk author = Sattui, Sebastian E. title = Swinging the pendulum: lessons learned from public discourse concerning hydroxychloroquine and COVID-19 date = 2020-08-11 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4653 sentences = 251 flesch = 48 summary = The use of chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) for COVID-19 exemplifies the risks of both overinterpreting and amplifying preliminary data by those outside of the scientific community and was followed by swift corrective measures by researchers. By early March, interest in HCQ abruptly transitioned from mechanistic plausibility that would support its study in a clinical trial setting to rapid off-label use in patients with COVID-19, primarily fueled by promotion on social media, lay press, and celebrity influence [8] . By late March, two new studies became publicly available: a second study from the group of IHU-Méditerranée Infection using HCQ and AZM in 80 patients with mild COVID-19 infection released on their webpage, and a preprint of the first randomized controlled trial of 62 patients from Wuhan reporting a difference in clinical time to recovery and radiologic findings with HCQ treatment [22, 23] . cache = ./cache/cord-262780-ilu5oskk.txt txt = ./txt/cord-262780-ilu5oskk.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-216972-migs9rxb author = Garaialde, Diego title = Quantifying the Impact of Making and Breaking Interface Habits date = 2020-05-14 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6289 sentences = 309 flesch = 50 summary = Through a forced choice lab study task (n=19) and in the wild deployment (n=18) of a notificationdialog experiment on smartphones, we show that people become more accurate and faster at option selection as they develop an interface habit. The contribution of the current paper comes from providing quantitative evidence of how the process of forming and disrupting habits affects user performance in a forced choice interaction task, similar to those seen in notification dialogs or alert boxes. The current research contributes key insight on fundamental user behaviours by quantifying how the process of habit formation and disruption through design affect the speed and accuracy of interactions. The experimental evidence of study 1 shows that, like other habits, allowing participants to form interface habits leads to significant gains in performance, as users became both more accurate and quicker at selecting the desired option. cache = ./cache/cord-216972-migs9rxb.txt txt = ./txt/cord-216972-migs9rxb.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023026-2r84ndzv author = nan title = Posters date = 2013-06-14 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 138458 sentences = 6513 flesch = 40 summary = Thus, this work provides the basis to identify molecular pathways regulated by distinct niche/environmental signals and involved in the heterogeneity of adult OPCs. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by inflammation, which leads to formation of demyelinating areas due to loss of oligodendrocytes, astrogliosis and, finally, axonal degeneration. Taken together, these results demonstrate the important role of miR-200b in modulating the MAPK pathway via c-Jun which in turn affects different aspects of the inflammatory process accompanying microglia activation including cytokine response, NO production, phagocytosis and neuronal cell death. For this purpose, coronal cryostat free-floating sections from the brain of both adult transgenic mice and their corresponding wild-type (Wt) littermates, were processed for the study of astrocytes using GFAP immunohistochemistry and microglia using antibodies against Iba1 and several markers commonly related to the activated phenotype of these microglial cells, such as CD16/32 (Fc receptor), F4/80, CD11b, CD206, CD150 and MHC-II. cache = ./cache/cord-023026-2r84ndzv.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023026-2r84ndzv.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023346-8sqbqjm1 author = nan title = MONDAY: POSTERS date = 2005-06-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 130043 sentences = 7330 flesch = 54 summary = • enhancement of automation/computerisation; • process control to provide an 'error-free pathway'; • (national) surveillance and trend analysis of results, preferably based on national working standards; • significantly increased sensitivity, especially from development of antigen/antibody 'combi' assays (e.g. for HIV, and recently, for HCV); • awareness of HBsAg vaccine-escape mutants and design of assays to cope with this; • extension of range of agents and markers tested for (varies in different countries); • increasing range of assays available for testing donors with a relevant history of exposure to malaria or Chagas' disease infection (for retrieval of otherwise wasted blood); • European Union's in vitro diagnostics directive: this has caused some problems and reduced flexibility. cache = ./cache/cord-023346-8sqbqjm1.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023346-8sqbqjm1.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-007890-bie1veti author = nan title = ECC-4 Abstracts date = 2002-04-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 85992 sentences = 5665 flesch = 50 summary = Effects of Interferon alpha plus ribavirine therapy on frequencies of HCV, HIV and CMV specific CD4-T-cell responses in peripheral blood of HIV/HCV coinfected patients after 6 months of treatment SoA9.5 Methods: Two groups of patients with chronic HCV infection were studied: 26 HIV coinfected progressors with antiretroviral therapy and 13 HIV-negative controls. In order to assess the local temporal trend of antibiotic sensitivity of the most common urinary tract bacterial pathogen, all urine-cultured Escherichia coli isolates were reviewed as to susceptibility profile, and specimen source (community-versus hospital-acquired infection). Methods: A total of 87 penicillin resistant clinical strains isolated from patients at Hacettepe Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey between 1999 and 2001 were tested for their in vitro susceptibility to various antibiotics that are commonly used in the treatment of respiratory tract infections. cache = ./cache/cord-007890-bie1veti.txt txt = ./txt/cord-007890-bie1veti.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-271573-qsr3ka5p author = Schafer, Austin title = Telemedicine in Pediatric Otolaryngology: Ready for Prime Time? date = 2020-09-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3804 sentences = 207 flesch = 50 summary = In a 2008 study, Smith and colleagues 5 attempted to determine concordance between pediatric otolaryngology diagnoses and surgical management plans made via a live videoconference and a subsequent, in-office consultation. 11, 12, 14 More recently, Gupta and colleagues 7 published a study in 2020 that examined the feasibility of equipping trained health workers with a store and forward telemedicine device to triage underserved otology patients in India. While much of the literature focuses on store and forward telemedicine in the context of providing care to remote or underserved populations, its benefits should be considered by all ENT practices during the COVID-19 era, as advances in technology have improved its cost effectiveness and convenience. Both of these studies indicate that smartphone otoscopy can be performed by parents; however, the diagnostic reliability of the captured media must improve for this technology to be widely implemented. cache = ./cache/cord-271573-qsr3ka5p.txt txt = ./txt/cord-271573-qsr3ka5p.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-266031-tlrsco40 author = Haghani, Milad title = Covid-19 pandemic and the unprecedented mobilisation of scholarly efforts prompted by a health crisis: Scientometric comparisons across SARS, MERS and 2019-nCoV literature date = 2020-09-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7993 sentences = 356 flesch = 51 summary = To compare the scientometric aspects of the studies on SARS, MERS and Covid-19, three separate datasets of publications on these three topics were retrieved from Scopus through three separate search strategies. The decision on which general database to use (e.g. Web of Science (WoS) or Scopus) was mainly made on the basis of the number of indexed Covid-19 studies in particular, as the sector of the coronavirus literature that is currently emerging (compared to the literatures on SARS and MERS that have already stabilised). In this cluster, one can observe terms such as those associated with general public health including "wold health organisation", "public health", "public The map of keyword co-occurrences associated with the Covid-19 literature health service", "global health", as well as those associated with disease outbreaks including "emergency", "health risk" "epidemics", "pandemic", "outbreak", "viral diseases", "virus infection", "communicable disease", "transmission", "travel". cache = ./cache/cord-266031-tlrsco40.txt txt = ./txt/cord-266031-tlrsco40.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-252984-79jzkdu2 author = Bickman, Leonard title = Improving Mental Health Services: A 50-Year Journey from Randomized Experiments to Artificial Intelligence and Precision Mental Health date = 2020-07-26 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 35534 sentences = 1845 flesch = 50 summary = I describe five principal causes of this failure, which I attribute primarily, but not solely, to methodological limitations of RCTs. Lastly, I make the case for why I think AI and the parallel movement of precision medicine embody approaches that are needed to augment, but probably not replace, our current research and development efforts in the field of mental health services. (1) harmonize terminology and specify MBC's core components; (2) develop criterion standard methods for monitoring fidelity and reporting quality of implementation; (3) develop algorithms for MBC to guide psychotherapy; (4) test putative mechanisms of change, particularly for psychotherapy; (5) develop brief and psychometrically strong measures for use in combination; (6) assess the critical timing of administration needed to optimize patient outcomes; (7) streamline measurement feedback systems to include only key ingredients and enhance electronic health record interoperability; (8) identify discrete strategies to support implementation; (9) make evidence-based policy decisions; and (10) align reimbursement structures. cache = ./cache/cord-252984-79jzkdu2.txt txt = ./txt/cord-252984-79jzkdu2.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-251962-xeue441p author = Armour, Cherie title = The COVID-19 Psychological Wellbeing Study: Understanding the Longitudinal Psychosocial Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the UK; a Methodological Overview Paper date = 2020-11-04 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 10287 sentences = 482 flesch = 52 summary = The aim of this paper was to describe (1) the rationale behind the study and the corresponding selection of constructs to be assessed; (2) the study design and methodology; (3) the resultant sociodemographic characteristics of the full sample; (4) how the baseline survey data compares to the UK adult population (using data from the Census) on a variety of sociodemographic variables; (5) the ongoing efforts for weekly and monthly longitudinal assessments of the baseline cohort; and (6) outline future research directions. 2005) , posttraumatic stress symptoms were measured, and, given the nature of the study and prior research having highlighted that quarantined and infected individuals and their family 1 Please note that these figures refer to deaths of people who had a confirmed positive COVID19 test result. In order to assess the representativeness of the COVID-19 Psychological Wellbeing Study sample to the UK general population, it was compared to data from the UK Census 2011 for adults aged 18 years + . cache = ./cache/cord-251962-xeue441p.txt txt = ./txt/cord-251962-xeue441p.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-256145-4rcy64y8 author = Menzies-Gow, Andrew title = DESTINATION: a phase 3, multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial to evaluate the long-term safety and tolerability of tezepelumab in adults and adolescents with severe, uncontrolled asthma date = 2020-10-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5263 sentences = 239 flesch = 44 summary = title: DESTINATION: a phase 3, multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial to evaluate the long-term safety and tolerability of tezepelumab in adults and adolescents with severe, uncontrolled asthma DESTINATION is an ongoing phase 3, multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallelgroup LTE study aiming to evaluate the long-term safety and tolerability of tezepelumab 210 mg administered subcutaneously (SC) every 4 weeks (Q4W) in adults (18-80 years old) and adolescents (12-17 years old) treatment cessation. DESTINATION aims to evaluate the long-term safety, tolerability and efficacy of tezepelumab compared with placebo in patients with severe, uncontrolled asthma who complete the NAVIGATOR or SOURCE predecessor studies and continue dosing for approximately 1 year. DESTINATION is an LTE study that is evaluating the long-term safety and tolerability of tezepelumab versus placebo, with continued dosing for approximately 1 year after patients with severe, uncontrolled asthma complete the phase 3 NAVIGATOR or SOURCE tezepelumab studies. cache = ./cache/cord-256145-4rcy64y8.txt txt = ./txt/cord-256145-4rcy64y8.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-253525-r6ocr18h author = Fontbonne, Alain title = Small animal reproduction: Scientific facts versus dogmas or unverified beliefs date = 2020-03-11 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7003 sentences = 302 flesch = 46 summary = Through examples, this article reviews the main causes that may sometimes challenge a veterinary practitioner faced with a dog or a cat presenting reproductive problems. This problem may result from the fact that there are still physiological processes that remain unclear, but also that some common beliefs are based on old studies that have not been repeated or verifiedIn addition, to make it more challenging to seek for the information, there are unverifiedaffirmations,unclear nomenclature, clinical conditions which have not been standardized in the literature, clinical conditions mostly described through case reports, lack of studies on specific topics, areas of small animal reproduction that have been neglected by researchers, contradictory data or even studies that lack objectivity. Concerning the belief that an early neutering lowers significantly the risk for a bitch to develop mammary tumours later in her life, it is based on a study published in 1969 which has not been repeated since then [19] . cache = ./cache/cord-253525-r6ocr18h.txt txt = ./txt/cord-253525-r6ocr18h.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-255351-vp19ydce author = Lanata, Claudio F. title = Global Causes of Diarrheal Disease Mortality in Children <5 Years of Age: A Systematic Review date = 2013-09-04 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5451 sentences = 221 flesch = 48 summary = We present the results of a systematic literature review of studies of diarrhea etiology in hospitalized children and use these results to estimate the global burden of diarrhea mortality by pathogen for children under 5 years of age for 2011. From 22 643 citations identified in the electronic search, 1 003 articles were selected for further evaluation (Fig. 1) ; 840 articles were excluded because they had one or more of the exclusion criteria (About 35% because they were not longitudinal studies or inappropriate laboratory methods were used, 31% because no data was given for children ,5 years of age, 23% for studies that lasted less than 12 months of duration, and the rest because data were reported after rotavirus vaccine introduction, duplicate publications or reporting results on a pathogen not included in our list). cache = ./cache/cord-255351-vp19ydce.txt txt = ./txt/cord-255351-vp19ydce.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-269015-850bvb9t author = Östlund, Ulrika title = Combining qualitative and quantitative research within mixed method research designs: A methodological review date = 2011-03-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8454 sentences = 392 flesch = 38 summary = This paper explores the analytical approaches (i.e. parallel, concurrent or sequential) used in mixed methods studies within healthcare and exemplifies the use of triangulation as a methodological metaphor for drawing inferences from qualitative and quantitative findings originating from such analyses. This paper explores the analytical approaches (i.e. parallel, concurrent or sequential) used in mixed methods studies within healthcare and exemplifies the use of triangulation as a methodological metaphor for drawing inferences from qualitative and quantitative findings originating from such analyses. Papers reporting on mixed methods studies within healthcare research were reviewed to (i) determine the type of analysis approach used, i.e. parallel, concurrent, or sequential data analysis and, (ii) identify studies which could be used to illustrate the use of the methodological metaphor of triangulation suggested by Erzberger and Kelle (2003) . cache = ./cache/cord-269015-850bvb9t.txt txt = ./txt/cord-269015-850bvb9t.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-257073-dm80bxnd author = Akmatov, Manas K. title = E-mail-based symptomatic surveillance combined with self-collection of nasal swabs: a new tool for acute respiratory infection epidemiology date = 2011-08-17 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3515 sentences = 177 flesch = 46 summary = OBJECTIVE: We examined the feasibility of combining communication by e-mail and self-collection of nasal swabs for the prospective detection of acute respiratory infections in a non-medical setting. Conclusions: Combining e-mail-based symptomatic surveillance with nasal self-swabbing promises to be a powerful tool for the real-time identification of incident cases of acute respiratory infections and the associated pathogens in population-based studies. Conclusions: Combining e-mail-based symptomatic surveillance with nasal self-swabbing promises to be a powerful tool for the real-time identification of incident cases of acute respiratory infections and the associated pathogens in population-based studies. We tested the feasibility of combining real-time symptomatic surveillance with nasal self-swabbing for the prospective collection of epidemiologic and virological data on acute respiratory infections. Combining e-mail-based active symptomatic surveillance with self-collection of nasal swabs ensured prospective, accurate collection of data on incident episodes of acute respiratory infections and timely sample collection for the detection of respiratory pathogens. cache = ./cache/cord-257073-dm80bxnd.txt txt = ./txt/cord-257073-dm80bxnd.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-267132-nb0j6k3h author = Loveday, H.P. title = epic3: National Evidence-Based Guidelines for Preventing Healthcare-Associated Infections in NHS Hospitals in England date = 2013-12-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 43396 sentences = 2281 flesch = 43 summary = Clinical effectiveness (i.e. using prevention measures that are based on reliable evidence of efÀ cacy) is a core component of an effective strategy designed to protect patients from the risk of infection, and when combined with quality improvement methods can account for signiÀ cant reductions in HCAI such as meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Clostridium difÀ cile. Full text conÀ rms that the article: relates to infections associated with hospital hygiene; is written in English; is primary research (randomised controlled trials, prospective cohort, interrupted time series, controlled before-after, quasi-experimental, experimental studies answering speciÀ c questions), a systematic review or a meta-analysis including the above designs; and informs one or more of the review questions. 334 In a prospective cohort study using data from two randomised trials and a systematic review to estimate rates of PICC-related bloodstream infection in hospitalised patients, the author concluded that PICCs used in high-risk hospitalised patients are associated with a rate of CR-BSI similar to conventional CVCs placed in the internal jugular or subclavian veins (two to À ve per 1000 catheter-days). cache = ./cache/cord-267132-nb0j6k3h.txt txt = ./txt/cord-267132-nb0j6k3h.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-265723-6k8196p2 author = Yu, Chengjun title = Evaluation of safety, efficacy, tolerability, and treatment-related outcomes of type I interferons for Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) infection in clinical practice: An updated critical systematic review and meta-analysis date = 2020-06-25 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2622 sentences = 136 flesch = 41 summary = title: Evaluation of safety, efficacy, tolerability, and treatment-related outcomes of type I interferons for Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) infection in clinical practice: An updated critical systematic review and meta-analysis Therefore, we conducted this updated systematic review and meta-analysis to recapitulate relevant studies to evaluate the safety, efficacy, tolerability and treatment-related outcomes of type I IFNs for coronavirus infection in clinical practice, with expectation to provide more robust evidence whether IFNs should be served as first-line agents for coronavirus infection, including the SARS-CoV-2. Each included article was thoroughly reviewed, and the following baseline information were extracted (Table 1) : first author, publication year, region, study type, participants, diagnostic method of coronavirus, data collection method, time from admission to treatment start, time from diagnosis to treatment start, primary endpoints, and treatment-related adverse effects. Critically ill defined as coronavirus-infected patients with other severe comorbidities, respiratory distress or failure, directly or indirectly transferred to ICU, needing intubation, mechanical ventilation, or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), when admitted to primary treatment. cache = ./cache/cord-265723-6k8196p2.txt txt = ./txt/cord-265723-6k8196p2.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-257400-mw38kfjo author = Iliadi, Anna title = Particulate Production and Composite Dust during Routine Dental Procedures. A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses date = 2020-05-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5234 sentences = 310 flesch = 43 summary = The aim of this systematic review was to identify, compile and evaluate existing evidence on interventions and composite material properties related to the production of aerosolized dust during routine dental procedures. Thus the broad aim of this systematic review was to collectively appraise the existing evidence on interventions and material properties related to aerosolized composite dust production in dental practice or in simulated environment, through standard dental procedures. Five of the included studies were designed to assess composite dust generated in conditions of enamel clean-up after orthodontic fixed appliances removal [22, [27] [28] [29] 32] , while the rest reported on grinding composite blocks or sticks in the lab, simulating restorative dental procedures [1, 21, [23] [24] [25] [26] 30, 31] . This is the first comprehensive report that collectively appraised the evidence from in vitro simulated or clinical reports on particulate generation and dust production after composite grinding under a range of simulated dental procedures. cache = ./cache/cord-257400-mw38kfjo.txt txt = ./txt/cord-257400-mw38kfjo.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-262637-crqw59k1 author = Kwon, Sophia title = Food Intake REstriction for Health OUtcome Support and Education (FIREHOUSE) Protocol: A Randomized Clinical Trial date = 2020-09-09 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5636 sentences = 316 flesch = 47 summary = We will randomize subjects (1:1) to either: (1) Low Calorie Mediterranean (LoCalMed)—an integrative multifactorial, technology-supported approach focused on behavioral modification, nutritional education that will include a self-monitored diet with feedback, physical activity recommendations, and social cognitive theory-based group counseling sessions; or (2) Usual Care. In light of these findings, we focused our work on the inflammatory effects of lipids in the development of particulate matter (PM)-induced lung injury [22] To investigate the potential reversibility of WTC-LI by direct impact on MetSyn risk factors, we focus on calorie-restricted (CR) Mediterranean diets based on recent studies showing their ability to attenuate lipid levels [20, 23, 24] . At baseline, participants will be provided in-person, group-based technology training, and will receive handouts with the following study goals: (1) weight loss of ≥seven percent at 6-months; (2) saturated fat intake ≤seven percent of kcal; (3) ≥150-min per week of moderate-intensity physical activity. cache = ./cache/cord-262637-crqw59k1.txt txt = ./txt/cord-262637-crqw59k1.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-258781-peppszqx author = Ishola, David A. title = Could influenza transmission be reduced by restricting mass gatherings? Towards an evidence-based policy framework date = 2011-08-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8468 sentences = 400 flesch = 46 summary = The findings of the review may be able to help inform policy statements on the effectiveness of mass gathering restriction interventions that may be deployed to help reduce influenza virus spread during a pandemic. The other five observational studies were similarly designed, involving groups of intending Hajj pilgrims who were recruited in their home regions or countries prior to the event, and then re-assessed This was a well-organized systematic prospective influenza surveillance program, described by the authors as the first of its type at a large Games event Limitations include: A number of studies [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] have consistently demonstrated, over a number of years, that respiratory virus transmission occurs amongst pilgrims attending the annual Hajj in Saudi Arabia, and it is recognized as an issue of international public health significance [43] [44] [45] [46] that could be particularly important in a pandemic situation. cache = ./cache/cord-258781-peppszqx.txt txt = ./txt/cord-258781-peppszqx.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-262345-hti1jjpn author = Eddy, Lucy H. title = The validity and reliability of observational assessment tools available to measure fundamental movement skills in school-age children: A systematic review date = 2020-08-25 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8728 sentences = 470 flesch = 50 summary = title: The validity and reliability of observational assessment tools available to measure fundamental movement skills in school-age children: A systematic review METHODS: A pre-search of 'fundamental movement skills' OR 'fundamental motor skills' in seven online databases (PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, EBSCO CINAHL, EBSCO SPORTDiscus, Ovid PsycINFO and Web of Science) identified 24 assessment tools for school-aged children that: (i) assess FMS; (ii) measure actual motor competence and (iii) evaluate performance on a standard battery of tasks. The psychometric properties of observational assessments of fundamental movement skills for school children correlations to evaluate the concurrent validity between the MOT 4-6 and the KTK, with results showing moderate correlations for children aged 5-6 (mean r = .63), as was hypothesised prior to testing (r >. cache = ./cache/cord-262345-hti1jjpn.txt txt = ./txt/cord-262345-hti1jjpn.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-259012-rk0sd9i5 author = Mehta, Hemal title = Trends in Real-World Neovascular AMD Treatment Outcomes in the UK date = 2020-10-14 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7092 sentences = 354 flesch = 48 summary = PURPOSE: To report trends in real-world outcomes of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in the United Kingdom (UK) over the last decade. The following multipurpose (.mp) search terms and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms where available were used: macular degeneration, age related macula degeneration, AMD, nAMD, neovascular, wet, VEGF, anti-VEGF, ranibizumab, Lucentis, aflibercept, Eylea, bevacizumab, Avastin, visual acuity, visual outcomes, vision, ocular, blindness, registry, database, long term study/studies, observational study/studies, Phase IV study/studies, real world, real-world, United Kingdom, UK, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, England. Predicting visual outcomes in patients treated with aflibercept for neovascular age-related macular degeneration: data from a real-world clinical setting Impact of injection frequency on 5-year real-world visual acuity outcomes of aflibercept therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration Realworld visual and clinical outcomes for patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration treated with intravitreal ranibizumab: an 8-year observational cohort (AMD8) cache = ./cache/cord-259012-rk0sd9i5.txt txt = ./txt/cord-259012-rk0sd9i5.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-269343-qwgmn06t author = Livingston, Gill title = Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2020 report of the Lancet Commission date = 2020-07-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 23165 sentences = 1132 flesch = 45 summary = Overall, a growing body of evidence supports the nine potentially modifiable risk factors for dementia modelled by the 2017 Lancet Commission on dementia prevention, intervention, and care: less education, hypertension, hearing impairment, smoking, obesity, depression, physical inactivity, diabetes, and low social contact. 90 An individual-level meta-analysis of 19 observational studies of relatively younger adults included 404 840 participants' data (mean baseline age 45·5 years; mean follow-up duration 14·9 years), reporting an increased incidence of all-cause dementia (HR 1·4, 95% CI 1·2-1·7) and clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease (1·4, 1·1-1·7) in those who were physically inactive in the 10-year period before diagnosis. Little evidence of the effects of social interventions on dementia exists but a systematic review of low quality RCTs of 576 adults aged 60 or more years with normal cognition found facilitated meeting and discussion groups were associated with improved global cognition and increased brain volume at follow-up. cache = ./cache/cord-269343-qwgmn06t.txt txt = ./txt/cord-269343-qwgmn06t.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023354-f2ciho6o author = nan title = TUESDAY PLENARY SESSION 3 TUESDAY: POSTERS date = 2005-06-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 130046 sentences = 7333 flesch = 54 summary = • enhancement of automation/computerisation; • process control to provide an 'error-free pathway'; • (national) surveillance and trend analysis of results, preferably based on national working standards; • significantly increased sensitivity, especially from development of antigen/antibody 'combi' assays (e.g. for HIV, and recently, for HCV); • awareness of HBsAg vaccine-escape mutants and design of assays to cope with this; • extension of range of agents and markers tested for (varies in different countries); • increasing range of assays available for testing donors with a relevant history of exposure to malaria or Chagas' disease infection (for retrieval of otherwise wasted blood); • European Union's in vitro diagnostics directive: this has caused some problems and reduced flexibility. cache = ./cache/cord-023354-f2ciho6o.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023354-f2ciho6o.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-276015-id15u3br author = Beran, Jiří title = Inosine pranobex is safe and effective for the treatment of subjects with confirmed acute respiratory viral infections: analysis and subgroup analysis from a Phase 4, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind study date = 2016-11-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6086 sentences = 266 flesch = 46 summary = This study compared the efficacy and safety of inosine pranobex versus placebo in subjects with clinically diagnosed influenza-like illness, including subjects with laboratory-confirmed acute respiratory viral infections. In the subgroup analysis for subjects less than 50 years of age, statistically significant differences in time to resolution of influenza-like symptoms that favoured the inosine pranobex group over the placebo group were observed in those without related ongoing disease and those who were non-obese (BMI <30 kg/m(2)). CONCLUSIONS: The study results indicate the safety of inosine pranobex for the treatment of subjects with confirmed acute respiratory viral infections and confirm the efficacy of inosine pranobex versus placebo in healthy non-obese subjects less than 50 years of age with clinically diagnosed influenza-like illnesses. cache = ./cache/cord-276015-id15u3br.txt txt = ./txt/cord-276015-id15u3br.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-260605-smkr7b15 author = Vestby, Lene K. title = Bacterial Biofilm and its Role in the Pathogenesis of Disease date = 2020-02-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 12145 sentences = 672 flesch = 40 summary = However, the biofilm lifestyle of microorganisms were of no interest to medical microbiologists until the early 1970s when Nils Høiby observed a link between the etiology of a persistent infection and aggregates of bacteria in cystic fibrosis patients [1] . This is consistent with the experiments showing that many bacteria causing acute gallbladder infections do not form biofilms on gallstones in the presence of bile [73, 80] . This is consistent with the experiments showing that many bacteria causing acute gallbladder infections do not form biofilms on gallstones in the presence of bile [73, 80] . Several studies have detected higher incidence of Escherichia coli in patients with IBD compared to healthy individuals [90] and although biofilms were not demonstrated in vivo, the isolates were isolated from biopsies after removal of the mucosal layer, indicating adherence to the colonic epithelium and the isolates displayed biofilm forming capacity in vitro [90] . cache = ./cache/cord-260605-smkr7b15.txt txt = ./txt/cord-260605-smkr7b15.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-282526-b8tky324 author = Berger Gillam, T. title = Norwich COVID-19 Testing Initiative: feasibility project evaluation date = 2020-09-23 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2799 sentences = 188 flesch = 57 summary = This study aimed to pilot mass COVID-19 testing on a university research park, to assess the feasibility and acceptability of scaling up to all staff and students. The study offered four COVID-19 PCR swabs to all staff and students on the site over a twoweek period, with the aim of piloting communications, logistics and laboratory processes, and assessing participant acceptability in preparation for larger-scale testing. . https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.22.20199455 doi: medRxiv preprint 3 After the completion of the feasibility project, participants who had returned at least one swab were emailed a link to complete a short online participant feedback questionnaire, including questions on demographics and their experience of the project. A strength of this study is that it trialled the feasibility of repeat testing for COVID-19 in a relatively large, asymptomatic population within a research park and university campus. cache = ./cache/cord-282526-b8tky324.txt txt = ./txt/cord-282526-b8tky324.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-284880-xsh3wkqy author = Bandaly, Victor title = The Fate of Mengovirus on Fiberglass Filter of Air Handling Units date = 2017-06-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4703 sentences = 257 flesch = 58 summary = The aim of this work is to study the characterization of viral bioaerosols in indoor environments and to understand the fate of mengovirus eukaryote RNA virus on glass fiber filter F7 used in AHU. Regarding the virus infectivity on the filter under a constant air flow, mengovirus was remained infectious during 10 h after aerosolization. From an average of 4.43 9 10 8 PFU L -1 of initial solution of virus aerosolized, 3.43 9 10 2 PFU cm -2 of infectious mengovirus was detected after 25 min of air flow. With a continuous air flow in the system, the persistence of mengovirus was assessed at different times and showed infectivity on the filter up to 10 h after aerosolization (Fig. 7) . Thus, time has an effect on the infectivity of the virus; this study showed that, with a continuous air flow in the cache = ./cache/cord-284880-xsh3wkqy.txt txt = ./txt/cord-284880-xsh3wkqy.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-285244-2suwmika author = Blau, Ina title = Violation of digital and analog academic integrity through the eyes of faculty members and students: Do institutional role and technology change ethical perspectives? date = 2020-07-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 11044 sentences = 513 flesch = 38 summary = This study aimed to address the gap in the literature through a comprehensive comparison of different types of violations of academic integrity (VAI), cheating, plagiarism, fabrication and facilitation (Pavela in J College Univ Law 24(1):1–22, 1997), conducted in analog versus digital settings, as well as students' and faculty members' perceptions regarding their severity. 4. Among students, are there differences in perceptions regarding the severity of different analog and digital VAI engaged in by students (cheating, plagiarism, fabrication, and facilitation) and suggested penalties for these types of violations according to sociodemographic variables (ethnicity, gender, and degree)? To examine research questions 3 and 4 exploring differences in perceptions between the study groups (faculty and students, and students of different ethnic groups) regarding the severity of each type of VAI (cheating, plagiarism, fabrication, and facilitation) and suggested penalties for these behaviors, repeated measures ANOVAs were conducted. cache = ./cache/cord-285244-2suwmika.txt txt = ./txt/cord-285244-2suwmika.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-262442-kjgpriow author = Scalia, Santo title = Quercetin solid lipid microparticles: A flavonoid for inhalation lung delivery date = 2013-05-13 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5525 sentences = 310 flesch = 53 summary = The quercetin SLMs were characterised for morphology, drug loading (15.5% ± 0.6, which corresponded to an encapsulation efficiency of 71.4%), particle size distribution, response to humidity, crystallinity, thermal behaviour and in vitro respirable fraction. Furthermore, the toxicity and the in vitro transport of the SLMs on an air liquid interface model of the Calu-3 cell line were also investigated using a modified twin-stage impinger apparatus. RESULTS: Results showed that quercetin SLMs could be formulated as dry powder suitable for inhalation drug delivery (20.5 ± 3.3% fine particle fraction ⩽4.46 μm) that was absorbed, via a linear kinetic model across the Calu-3 monolayer (22.32 ± 1.51% over 4 h). A modified in vitro aerosol testing apparatus (twin stage impinger TSI, Radleys, Essex, UK) that allows the attachment of a Transwell containing Calu-3 epithelial cells was used to study the mechanis m of drug deposition, dissolution and diffusion/transp ort (Haghi et al., 2010 (Haghi et al., , 2012 . cache = ./cache/cord-262442-kjgpriow.txt txt = ./txt/cord-262442-kjgpriow.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-272901-dsnbh4t1 author = Dew, Jeffrey title = Ten Years of Marriage and Cohabitation Research in the Journal of Family and Economic Issues date = 2020-10-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6919 sentences = 409 flesch = 46 summary = Thus, although no one aspect, theme, or methodology links the 36 studies I reviewed, many of them examined issues related to family structure and/or economic changes that have occurred over the past sixty years in the US and other nations. For the purposes of this review, I categorized a study as examining an underrepresented group if the sample was largely composed of individuals from race/ethnic minority groups, interracial couples, sexual minorities, low-income families, or from countries outside the United States. Many of the studies of the association between financial issues and relationship quality over the past three years have focused on the family stress model of economic pressure and marital distress (Conger et al. 1990 ), or simply "family stress model." Since its inception in 1990, many scholars have used this model to research the association between negative financial events, feelings of economic pressure, and marital quality. cache = ./cache/cord-272901-dsnbh4t1.txt txt = ./txt/cord-272901-dsnbh4t1.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-258087-93yfs7ve author = Flores, Carlos title = A quality assessment of genetic association studies supporting susceptibility and outcome in acute lung injury date = 2008-10-25 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4736 sentences = 216 flesch = 37 summary = CONCLUSIONS: Although the quality of association studies seems to have improved over the years, more and better designed studies, including the replication of previous findings, with larger sample sizes extended to population groups other than those of European descent, are needed for identifying firm genetic modifiers of ALI. This quality assessment of genetic association studies with positive findings in susceptibility or outcome of ALI and ARDS identified a total of 29 articles and 16 genes. ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; ALI, acute lung injury; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; CAP, community-acquired pneumonia; CXCL2, chemokine CXC motif ligand 2; F5, coagulation factor V; IL-6, interleukin-6; IL-10, interleukin-10; MBL2, mannose-binding lectin-2; MIF, macrophage migration inhibitory factor; MV, mechanical ventilation; MYLK, myosin light-chain kinase; NFKB1, nuclear factor kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells; NFKBIA, nuclear factor kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells inhibitor alpha; NRF2, nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2 factor; PBEF, pre-B cell-enhancing factor; PLAU, plasminogen activator urokinase; SARS, severe acute respiratory syndrome; SFTPB, surfactant pulmonaryassociated protein B; SIRS, systemic inflammatory response syndrome; SNP, single-nucleotide polymorphism; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; TR, tandem repeat (polymorphism); VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor. Positive genetic association studies with acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome susceptibility and/or outcome (by year of publication) cache = ./cache/cord-258087-93yfs7ve.txt txt = ./txt/cord-258087-93yfs7ve.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-282194-0sjmf1yn author = Cherak, Stephana J. title = Impact of social media interventions and tools among informal caregivers of critically ill patients after patient admission to the intensive care unit: A scoping review date = 2020-09-11 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5411 sentences = 276 flesch = 42 summary = title: Impact of social media interventions and tools among informal caregivers of critically ill patients after patient admission to the intensive care unit: A scoping review The purpose of this scoping review was to summarize existing research on the impact of social media interventions and tools among informal caregivers of critically ill patients after patient admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). For the purposes of this review, we defined: (1) a caregiver as any informal (i.e., non-clinical) person who regularly provides support to the patient and is in some way directly implicated in the patient's care or directly affected by the patient's health problem (e.g., family, friend); (2) social media as any form of electronic communication that allow users to share information and other content and create online communities; and (3) critically ill patients as any persons who are currently admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) or had previously been admitted to an ICU. cache = ./cache/cord-282194-0sjmf1yn.txt txt = ./txt/cord-282194-0sjmf1yn.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-285898-rtqkvf63 author = Padberg, Stephanie title = Anti-infective Agents date = 2014-09-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 23992 sentences = 1446 flesch = 42 summary = In the case of clarithromycin, there was some 2.6 Anti-infective Agents 2 Pregnancy initial concern as animal experiments demonstrated teratogenic effects, and for instance, in some studies cardiovascular defects were induced in rats. In a prospective cohort study with 949 women who were exposed to a fluorquinolone during the first trimester, neither the rate of major birth defects, nor the risk of spontaneous abortion were increased compared to a control group (Padberg 2014) . Danish cohort studies based on a prescription register also could not find an increased risk of birth defects after first trimester exposure in several thousand pregnant women (Nørgaard 2008 , Sørensen 1999 ). Data from the Antiretroviral Pregnancy Registry (2013) with 27 birth defects in 905 cases, indicate a malformation rate of 3.0% after exposure during the first trimester, similarly as seen in the general population of the USA. Three birth defects were observed among 141 pregnant women with first trimester exposures reported to the Antiretroviral Pregnancy Registry (2013). cache = ./cache/cord-285898-rtqkvf63.txt txt = ./txt/cord-285898-rtqkvf63.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023049-fio7cjj5 author = nan title = 2017 Peripheral Nerve Society Meeting July 8–12, 2017 Sitges, Barcelona, Spain date = 2017-06-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 145485 sentences = 7436 flesch = 48 summary = Clinical efficacy (Medical Research Council sum score, 10-m walk, modified Inflammatory Neuropathy Cause and Treatment score, Overall Neuropathy Limitations Scale, Romberg test) and patient-reported outcomes (36-item Short Form Health Survey , Life Quality Index [LQI] ) were assessed at baseline and at regular intervals until the final visit (10-14 months after switching). To explore the issue of early biomarkers in FAP, we performed skin biopsy and compared IENF density with parameters of nerve conduction studies (NCS) and quantitative sensory testing (QST) on 36 subjects (23 men, aged 55.1 ± 11.1 years) with genetic confirmation of TTR-A97S: 17 patients and 19 carriers. Results: The Gly112Ser mutation causing CMT1C is a mild form of CMT, as patients walked on time, had less weakness than those with Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease type 1A (CMT1A), had a Charcot Marie Tooth neuropathy score (CMTNS) indicative of mild disease, and had faster ulnar and median motor nerve conduction velocities compared to those with CMT1A. cache = ./cache/cord-023049-fio7cjj5.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023049-fio7cjj5.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-282783-ps5jyjkl author = nan title = Full Issue PDF date = 2020-09-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 15926 sentences = 843 flesch = 41 summary = The Childhood Cancer Survivor Study showed a 10-fold higher risk of pericardial disease in all CCS versus siblings (30year cumulative incidence, 3 .0%) and a dose-response relation with chest RT (11) . The literature on ECG abnormalities in large cohorts of long-term CCS is sparse (46, 47) , Data on the use of ambulatory ECG monitoring to define the prevalence of brady-and tachyarrhythmias induced by cardiotoxic cancer treatments are needed, but must be carefully weighed against the potential patient burden and clinical significance. Interestingly, a prior study in testicular cancer survivors showed that those patients who were exposed to cisplatin-based chemotherapy nearly 3 to more than 20 years ago had a more severe reduction in FMD and higher levels of circulating endothelial cells than those not exposed (13) . cache = ./cache/cord-282783-ps5jyjkl.txt txt = ./txt/cord-282783-ps5jyjkl.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-268149-narre5e7 author = Aziz, Muhammad Abdul title = Traditional uses of medicinal plants used by Indigenous communities for veterinary practices at Bajaur Agency, Pakistan date = 2018-01-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8419 sentences = 479 flesch = 49 summary = title: Traditional uses of medicinal plants used by Indigenous communities for veterinary practices at Bajaur Agency, Pakistan Most widely used medicinal plants with maximum use reports (URs) were Visnaga daucoides Gaertn., Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Solanum virginianum L., Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, Glycyrrhiza glabra L., and Curcuma longa L. It has been recognized that plants have the capacity to combat several types of diseases ethnoveterinary medicines, a term generally used for folk skills, beliefs, knowledge, practices, methods related to animals' health, and cure of various ailments in the rural areas [1] . Indigenous people of the study area are rich in traditional knowledge on veterinary medicines, which may be due to their close observation on domestic animals being considered as an important part of traditional lifestyle. Medicinal plants with high URs strengthen the concept that such species are more significant to the local population and useful in sharing the traditional knowledge with one another in the area. cache = ./cache/cord-268149-narre5e7.txt txt = ./txt/cord-268149-narre5e7.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-275340-q8d7rvnj author = Sun, JingKang title = Advances in the use of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19 date = 2020-06-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6629 sentences = 285 flesch = 47 summary = CQ/HCQ may synergistically exert antiviral and immunomodulatory effects on COVID-19 through multiple mechanisms including hindering the receptor recognition process by influencing the affinity of ACE2 and S protein, and the affinity for sialic acid and ganglioside; inhibiting the membrane fusion process by suppressing endolysosome acidification; suppressing the p38 activation and affecting host defense machinery, and preventing MHC class II expression (block expression of CD154 on the surface of CD4 + T cell) and TLR signaling and reducing the production of cytokines through inhibiting the activation of T cells and B cells. ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; CQ, chloroquine; HCQ, hydroxychloroquine; CoVs, coronaviruses; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; MHC-II, major histocompatibility complex class II; TLR, toll-like receptor; cGAS, cyclic GMP-AMP synthase; IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α. The authors deemed that the anti-inflammatory effect of low-dose HCQ and the activity of inhibiting viral replication may have important significance in critically ill patients with COVID-19. cache = ./cache/cord-275340-q8d7rvnj.txt txt = ./txt/cord-275340-q8d7rvnj.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-262164-cxs5xgvv author = Ackerman, Joshua M. title = What people believe about detecting infectious disease using the senses date = 2020-10-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9057 sentences = 454 flesch = 48 summary = Because existing evidence for detection does not support this ability-perceivers using auditory cues were no better than chance when attempting to identify whether coughs and sneezes were infectious in origin )-this belief could lead people to engage in social interactions that increase their risk of infection or to needlessly avoid others who pose no disease threat. Here, we investigated lay beliefs about the perceived effectiveness and likelihood of use for the five major senses when identifying dangers associated with the pathogenic reservoirs of people (Study 1) and food (Study 2). Sensory information involving sight and sound can be encoded at greater physical distances, and thus their use presents less risk of pathogen transmission relative to taste, touch, and smell (senses effective at greater distances also allow earlier identification, and perhaps avoidance, of infected targets). As in earlier studies, participants in the pathogen threat conditions rated the senses on their effectiveness and likelihood of use for determining whether another person or a food was an infection risk. cache = ./cache/cord-262164-cxs5xgvv.txt txt = ./txt/cord-262164-cxs5xgvv.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-256881-7sejcqda author = Heindel, Jerrold J. title = Data integration, analysis, and interpretation of eight academic CLARITY-BPA studies date = 2020-07-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 24781 sentences = 1195 flesch = 47 summary = Additionally, we applied an integrative analysis approach by using rand Circos-plots generated with the mixOmics [21] program to identify correlations in BPA responses across organs collected from the same or comparable individual rats within this same consortium study, thus expanding our findings to a systems biology level to reveal strong organismal relationships at three different timepoints: 21 days of age (weaning), 90-120 days of age (young adult) and 6 months of age (older adult). Fenton (National Toxicology Program) (mostly using rat models); (2) DNA methylation profiles and concomitant alterations of gene expression at PND 21 are predictors of pathological outcomes that manifest during adulthood, which was done in collaboration with Dr. Shioda, Mass General Hospital); (3) perinatal exposure to BPA induces abnormal post-pubertal/adult development of the mammary gland; and (4) BPA generates non-monotonic dose-response curves. cache = ./cache/cord-256881-7sejcqda.txt txt = ./txt/cord-256881-7sejcqda.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-286527-e795m6tk author = Sheskin, Mark title = Online Developmental Science to Foster Innovation, Access, and Impact date = 2020-07-02 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2362 sentences = 104 flesch = 37 summary = We propose that developmental cognitive science should invest in an online CRADLE, a Collaboration for Reproducible and Distributed Large-Scale Experiments that crowdsources data from families participating on the internet. We propose that developmental cognitive science should invest in an online CRADLE, a Collaboration for Reproducible and Distributed Large-Scale Experiments that crowdsources data from families participating on the internet. However, our suggestion for an online CRADLE goes beyond the sum of these projects: we envision a shared infrastructure for recruitment, experiment implementation, data collection, and data sharing; families find and participate in studies across developmental science, and researchers coordinate as members of a 'superlab,' in some ways similar to the Psychological Science Accelerator [10] . Large data sets will be crucial to support neighboring disciplines that build on insights from developmental science, including early childhood education, the study of developmental disorders and interventions, and computational models of typical cognitive development, including artificial intelligence (AI) research, which is increasingly interested in reverseengineering the ways in which infants and young children learn and think to build more human-like machine intelligence that can live better in our human world. cache = ./cache/cord-286527-e795m6tk.txt txt = ./txt/cord-286527-e795m6tk.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023157-0lqlx2rv author = nan title = Poster Sessions date = 2013-04-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 128430 sentences = 7726 flesch = 55 summary = The patients revealed the increase of free fatty acids level (2.19 AE 0.10) mmol/l/ml, that meaningfully differed from such indexes in the control group (P < 0.001) and low level of adiponektin (3.70 AE 0.70) mg/ml that confirms their role in development of NAFLD even for persons with normal body weight after the presence of abdominal type of adipose tissue distribution. Results: This study has shown effectiveness in reduction in fasting blood glucose (P < 0.01), systolic blood pressure (P = 0.03), diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.01), weight (P = 0.03), added sugar (P = 0.03) and fat consumption (P < 0.01) while improving physical activity (P < 0.01) and insulin sensitivity (P < 0.01) in the intervention group when compared with the control group at follow up assessment. Conclusion: Our study shows that infiltration of macrophages in human adipose tissue, estimated by the expression of macrophage markers, is increased in subjects with obesity and diabetes and associated with insulin sensitivity and serum lipid levels independent of BMI. cache = ./cache/cord-023157-0lqlx2rv.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023157-0lqlx2rv.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-290347-q6r6g7ue author = Williams, Lloyd B. title = Impact and Trends in Global Ophthalmology date = 2020-06-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5138 sentences = 218 flesch = 42 summary = A key finding of this study was that the AI system was able to identify disease in an African cohort with high sensitivity and specificity even though the system was trained on patients of Asian origin from the Singapore Integrated Diabetic Retinopathy Program. To our knowledge, a prospective study of glaucoma detection via AI has yet to be published from the setting of the developing world, though it is foreseeable that a low-cost implantation of this technology may aid eye care professionals in the early diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma (Fig. 1a) . Global estimates on the number of people blind or visually impaired by diabetic retinopathy: a meta-analysis from Incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy in sub-Saharan Africa: a five-year cohort study Artificial intelligence using deep learning to screen for referable and vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy in Africa: a clinical validation study cache = ./cache/cord-290347-q6r6g7ue.txt txt = ./txt/cord-290347-q6r6g7ue.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-282063-tkp1tifx author = Saberi, Parya title = Research in the Time of Coronavirus: Continuing Ongoing Studies in the Midst of the COVID-19 Pandemic date = 2020-04-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1948 sentences = 106 flesch = 40 summary = Some examples of social media to advertise and recruit participants include: social networks (such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter), dating apps (Grindr, Scruff, and Jack'd), and online listservs for various medical societies or health conditions. Study assessments can be conducted via online surveys which can be emailed or text messaged to participants. In cases of limited literacy, research staff can read questions to study participants or use survey platforms that include the ability to audio-record questions. Telehealth and texting intervention to improve HIV care engagement, mental health and substance use outcomes in youth living with HIV: a pilot feasibility and acceptability study protocol WYZ: a pilot study protocol for designing and developing a mobile health application for engagement in HIV care and medication adherence in youth and young adults living with HIV Real-Time and Wireless Assessment of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy With Co-Encapsulated Ingestion Sensor in HIV-Infected Patients: A Pilot Study cache = ./cache/cord-282063-tkp1tifx.txt txt = ./txt/cord-282063-tkp1tifx.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-282280-5pggpbrq author = Doornekamp, Laura title = Determinants of Vaccination Uptake in Risk Populations: A Comprehensive Literature Review date = 2020-08-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9968 sentences = 515 flesch = 36 summary = The following concepts are used: (1) predisposing factors, including baseline characteristics of studied populations; (2) information factors, including information retrieved via media, social contacts and HCW; (3) awareness, of the infectious agent being present or a vaccine being available; (4) knowledge (either examined or self-evaluated), about the consequences of the infection, or about the efficacy and duration of protection of vaccination; (5a) perceived risk of the infection, which is divided into perceived severity of the disease and perceived susceptibility to get infected; (5b) perceived risk of vaccination, including vaccine-specific considerations such as fear of side-effects and trust in the effectiveness of the vaccine; (6) attitude, defined as a person's disposition to respond favourably or unfavourably to vaccinations [14] , often reflected by a person's general believes about vaccinations; (7) social influence, which can be social norms imposed by family, friends or religion, but also recommendations from a healthcare professional or tour guide; (8) self-efficacy, defined as beliefs in one's own capacity to perform certain behaviour [15] ; (9) intention to behaviour, expressed by people before they perform the behaviour; (10) barriers and facilitators, that withhold individuals from or enable them to certain behaviour, such as time, costs, or accessibility. cache = ./cache/cord-282280-5pggpbrq.txt txt = ./txt/cord-282280-5pggpbrq.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-265299-oovkoiyj author = Hickman, D.L. title = Commonly Used Animal Models date = 2016-11-25 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 14966 sentences = 817 flesch = 54 summary = The Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th edition (National Research Council, 2011) is an internationally accepted document that outlines and discusses globally accepted environmental parameters for housing different species of animals including the mouse. Rats have been used as animal models in numerous areas of research from space exploration to answering more basic scientific questions regarding nutrition, genetics, immunology, neurology, infectious disease, metabolic disease, and behavior. Being social creatures, ideally rabbits should be housed in compatible pairs or trios unless contraindicated by the research objectives or by incompatibility of the animals (Sohn and Couto, 2012) . Rabbits are very easily heat stressed and thus must be kept at significantly lower temperatures than other laboratory animals like rats and mice. Historically, chickens (Gallus domesticus) are the most common bird species studied in biomedical and agricultural research and are a classic model in areas such as immunology, virology, infectious disease, embryology, and toxicology (Scanes and McNabb, 2003; Kaiser, 2012) . cache = ./cache/cord-265299-oovkoiyj.txt txt = ./txt/cord-265299-oovkoiyj.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-267006-gsevwptc author = Waltz, Jeffrey title = Improving CT-Derived Fractional Flow Reserve Analysis: A Quality Improvement Initiative date = 2020-10-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2599 sentences = 115 flesch = 41 summary = Objectives The aim of this study was to identify factors and quality improvement strategies to improve coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) studies referred for fractional flow reserve derived from CT angiography (FFRCT) analysis. To evaluate potential issues, a question and answer session with a brief didactic lecture was given by an expert cardiovascular radiologist to the CT technologists and the nursing staff, including an overview of coronary artery imaging and the purpose of performing CCTA and FFRCT at our institution. To evaluate the effect of pre-scan medication use on overall CCTA image quality at our institution, the radiology nurses were instructed to give every patient nitroglycerine and a beta-blocker, if required and not contraindicated, to achieve a heart rate of <70 and preferably <60. A second random sample of 30 CCTA cases performed during the month of November 2019 was reviewed by the same expert cardiovascular radiologist to assess for early post-intervention changes following the initial medication changes to confirm that improvement could be seen in the visual quality score. cache = ./cache/cord-267006-gsevwptc.txt txt = ./txt/cord-267006-gsevwptc.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-265139-x7g3jcjm author = Zaiou, Mohamed title = The Emerging Role and Promise of Circular RNAs in Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders date = 2020-06-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8180 sentences = 440 flesch = 41 summary = There is also growing evidence that circRNAs are closely linked to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a disorder that is caused by a plethora of factors including hepatic lipid accumulation, adipose tissue and mitochondrial dysfunction, a high-fat diet, obesity, a chronic inflammatory state, insulin resistance (IR), and genetic and epigenetic factors [48, 55] . In addition to classical epigenetic modifications, a variety of ncRNAs have been uncovered in different cells and organs including adipose tissues, many of which are involved in the regulation of adipogenesis and other metabolic processes implying their role in the etiology of obesity [69] . Emerging evidence from in vitro and in vivo animal studies suggest that circRNAs are expressed in adipose tissues and may modulate adipogenesis and lipid metabolism. Collectively, the results from the above studies demonstrate that several circRNAs are differentially expressed in adipose tissue and support a significant role of these RNA species in the regulatory networks of adipogenesis. cache = ./cache/cord-265139-x7g3jcjm.txt txt = ./txt/cord-265139-x7g3jcjm.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-286237-x6dr6rsh author = Maes, Bastiaan title = Treatment of severely ill COVID-19 patients with anti-interleukin drugs (COV-AID): A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial date = 2020-06-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 11252 sentences = 579 flesch = 49 summary = -mechanical ventilation > 24 h at randomization -clinical frailty scale above 3 -active bacterial or fungal infection -unlikely to survive beyond 48h -neutrophil count below 1500 cells/microliter -platelets below 50.000/microliter -Patients enrolled in another investigational drug study -patients on high dose systemic steroids (> 8 mg methylprednisolone or equivalent for more than 1 month) for COVID-19 unrelated disorder -patients on immunosuppressant or immunomodulatory drugs -patients on current anti-IL1 or anti-IL6 treatment -signs of active tuberculosis -serum transaminase levels >5 times upper limit of normal, unless there are clear signs of cytokine release syndrome defined by LDH >300 IU/L and ferritin >700 ng/ml -history of (non-iatrogenic) bowel perforation or diverticulitis -Pregnant or breastfeeding females (all female subjects deemed of childbearing potential by the investigator must have negative pregnancy test at screening) 5.2.1. cache = ./cache/cord-286237-x6dr6rsh.txt txt = ./txt/cord-286237-x6dr6rsh.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-022888-dnsdg04n author = nan title = Poster Sessions date = 2009-08-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 188640 sentences = 9313 flesch = 45 summary = Methods: Phospho-specific Western blot analyses were performed to verify the functionality of the different IFN-g pathway components, intra-and extracellular flow cytometry experiments were employed to determine the expression of antigen processing components and HLA class I cell surface antigens, quantitative real time-PCR experiments to confirm the absence of JAK2 and presence of pathway relevant molecules as well as, genomic PCR and chromosome typing technique to prove the deletion of JAK2. In order to accomplish these objectives we induced priming or tolerance of ovalbumin (OVA 323-339 peptide)-specific T cells from DO11.10 TCR transgenic mice in vitro or, following adoptive transfer of near physiologically relevant numbers of such cells into recipients, in vivo and correlated functional outcome (via proliferation and cytokine readout assays or antibody production) with E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases expression and the ubiquitination status of the TCR signalling machinery. cache = ./cache/cord-022888-dnsdg04n.txt txt = ./txt/cord-022888-dnsdg04n.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-291083-nd7cew7v author = Vargas-Medrano, Javier title = Psychological and Neurobiological Aspects of Suicide in Adolescents: Current Outlooks date = 2020-08-05 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7731 sentences = 397 flesch = 43 summary = Several reports from the literature have shown that newborns with low birth weight (<2500g) have significantly increased risk of major depression with suicidal ideation, anxiety disorders, phobias, and impaired functioning compared to those with normal birth weights (Nomura et al., 2007) . Dysregulation of serotonin, HPA axis genes, and immune system in the human brain, especially in the frontal cortex, can affect human behaviors such as impulsivity, decision-making and mood and they have been strongly associated with the risk of suicidal behavior as they all play an important role in the body's response to stress (Roy et al., 2012) . is also known that cognitive-behavioral sleep interventions might improve mental health in adolescents (particularly anxiety and depression) by improving sleep problems, since sleep is also a major risk factor for suicide. Further, their detailed evaluations indicated that vortioxetine was not associated with an increased risk of suicidal ideation and behavior in adult patients with MDD (Mahableshwarkar et al., 2020) . cache = ./cache/cord-291083-nd7cew7v.txt txt = ./txt/cord-291083-nd7cew7v.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-292978-qfw1uqvp author = Thakrar, Amit title = Thirty-Day Mortality Rate of Patients With Hip Fractures During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Single Centre Prospective Study in the United Kingdom date = 2020-07-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3374 sentences = 183 flesch = 55 summary = title: Thirty-Day Mortality Rate of Patients With Hip Fractures During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Single Centre Prospective Study in the United Kingdom We collected data on time to surgery, Clinical Frailty Scale score, Nottingham Hip Fracture Score, COVID-19 infection status, 30-day mortality, and cause of death. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated a significant increase in 30-day mortality among hip fracture patients during the first 30 days of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom. The objective of our study is to investigate and describe associated risk factors for 30-day mortality of patients with hip fractures in a single center for a 1-month follow-up period since "day 0" of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom. We collected data on patient demographics, Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), Nottingham Hip Fracture Score (NHFS), time to surgery, operation type, COVID-19 testing, COVID-19 infection status, 30-day mortality, and cause of death. cache = ./cache/cord-292978-qfw1uqvp.txt txt = ./txt/cord-292978-qfw1uqvp.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-291851-xesef17i author = Wong, Yu-Jun title = A systematic review and meta-analysis of the COVID-19 associated liver injury date = 2020-08-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4382 sentences = 275 flesch = 52 summary = Our meta-analysis aims to compare the risks and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 associated liver injury among adults with severe and non-severe COVID-19. The objective of this meta-analysis is to compare the risk and clinical outcome of COVID-19 associated liver injury between COVID-19 patients with severe and non-severe COVID-19. In this meta-analysis, we included all studies that met the following inclusion criteria: (1) population: adult patients infected with the COVID-19, (2) reported outcome data on liver enzymes derangement (3) reported outcome data on the risk or severity of liver injury between severe and non-severe COVID-19. We extracted data on the demographic of study populations (age, gender, sample size, the proportion of subjects with baseline chronic liver disease and the use of Lopinavir/ritonavir) as well as the pattern of COVID-19 associated liver injury (ALT, AST, bilirubin, albumin and GGT) from all included studies. and performed a meta-analysis on the severity and risk of COVID-19 associated liver injury in these patients. cache = ./cache/cord-291851-xesef17i.txt txt = ./txt/cord-291851-xesef17i.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-287607-d3k26aar author = Emamaullee, Juliet title = Rapid Adaptation of a Surgical Research Unit to Conduct Clinical Trials during the Coronavirus-19 Pandemic. date = 2020-06-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3271 sentences = 143 flesch = 34 summary = Ongoing 'Stay at Home' orders and institutional policies mandating 'Work from Home' for non-essential employees, which includes most research personnel, have impacted the ability to implement and conduct clinical studies. At the same time, plans were implemented to continue collection of data to achieve endpoints, safely enroll and follow participants in studies offering potential benefit, and quickly implement new COVID-19 clinical trials. These efforts were directed at the identification of the following areas that would require modification: minimization of direct patient care for routine study activities, logistics of research staff working from home, and study-specific protocol deviations, enrollment pauses, and remote site monitoring visits (Figure 3) . Sponsors were highly responsive, providing amendments to allow for study adjustments, including suspension of enrollment when appropriate for a specific study, protocol modifications to allow for remote follow up and designed for participant safety as well as to assure that data collection to achieve endpoints could be collected, and implementation of remote monitoring, etc. cache = ./cache/cord-287607-d3k26aar.txt txt = ./txt/cord-287607-d3k26aar.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-268088-y4vg7frb author = Montané, Xavier title = Current Perspectives of the Applications of Polyphenols and Flavonoids in Cancer Therapy date = 2020-07-23 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 11101 sentences = 581 flesch = 42 summary = Among the natural compounds that produce beneficial effects on human health, polyphenols have shown potential therapeutic applications in cancer due to their protective functions in plants, their use as food additives, and their excellent antioxidant properties. This review shows a wide range of trials in which polyphenolic compounds play a crucial role as anticancer medicines alone or in combination with other drugs at different stages of cancer: cancer initiation, promotion, and growth or progression. In point of fact, studies demonstrated that resveratrol has in vitro effects against a large range of human tumors: breast, skin, ovary, stomach, prostate, colon, liver, pancreas, cervix, thyroid carcinoma cells, lymphoid, and myeloid cancer cells [22] . In point of fact, studies demonstrated that resveratrol has in vitro effects against a large range of human tumors: breast, skin, ovary, stomach, prostate, colon, liver, pancreas, cervix, thyroid carcinoma cells, lymphoid, and myeloid cancer cells [22] . cache = ./cache/cord-268088-y4vg7frb.txt txt = ./txt/cord-268088-y4vg7frb.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-267608-0odu8lus author = Chen, Daohong title = Innovative highlights of clinical drug trial design date = 2020-06-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4164 sentences = 155 flesch = 28 summary = Accordingly taking the advantage of interim analysis based on novel biomarker approach for detecting the pathogenesis-specific molecular alteration(s), an adaptive clinical study can select the drug-sensitive sub-population from patients with initially targeted disease or an alternative indication, to continue the investigation for an optimized therapeutic efficacy [7] . While human bioequivalence study is increasingly contributing to evaluation of emerging formulation and bio-similar agents besides chemical generics [4] , several adaptive trial designs have been capable of translating the scientific breakthroughs into novel therapeutic benefits with shorter processing time and lower financial costs, to address the unmet clinical needs [3, 19] . Of note, to preserve the strength of clear defining efficacy and safety of tested drugs, the innovative designs of clinical study are substantially overlapped with classic trial protocols of three phases which still serve as the mainstream approach of clinical investigation [3, 7] . cache = ./cache/cord-267608-0odu8lus.txt txt = ./txt/cord-267608-0odu8lus.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-267389-v2ihhtl0 author = Canevelli, Marco title = The Pipeline of Therapeutics Testing During the Emergency Phase of the COVID-19 Outbreak date = 2020-09-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3090 sentences = 136 flesch = 39 summary = The clinicaltrials.gov database and the European Union (EU) Clinical Trials Register were investigated on March 31, 2020, to identify all ongoing phase 1–4 research protocols testing pharmacological interventions targeting SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or clinical syndromes associated with COVID-19. In this article, we provide a summary of the interventional studies that have been conducted worldwide to test the efficacy and/or safety/tolerability of pharmacological compounds against COVID-19 in the emergency phase of the pandemic. The following data were abstracted by three authors (F.T., Ga.R., and Gi.R.) from the selected protocols: NCT (the unique identification code assigned by clinicaltrials.gov) and/or EudraCT codes; study phase; allocation and masking procedures; tested compound(s); way of administration; mechanism of action; primary outcome measure(s); expected primary completion date; expected number of participants; age range of participants; targeted COVID-19 related condition; sponsor; and location. cache = ./cache/cord-267389-v2ihhtl0.txt txt = ./txt/cord-267389-v2ihhtl0.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-292853-xihpfidg author = Ford, Julian D. title = Social, cultural, and other diversity issues in the traumatic stress field date = 2015-08-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 18821 sentences = 665 flesch = 36 summary = A social-ecological framework is used to differentiate the impact of exposure to traumatic stressors and the development of (or resistance to) PTSD, based on the individual's or group's (i) personal, unique physical characteristics, including skin color, racial background, gender, and sexual orientation; and (ii) family, ethnocultural, and community membership, including majority or minority group status, religious beliefs and practices, socioeconomic resources, and political and civic affiliations. Depending on Social, cultural, and other diversity issues in the traumatic stress field 505 their cultural background and its traditions and beliefs, individuals may also have "multiple vulnerability status"-that is, to be members of more than one group or to have characteristic that cause them to be even more susceptible to discrimination or victimization (i.e., adolescent black male in the United States; a baby born with physical or developmental disabilities in a culture that endorses selective resources to the ablebodied; a gay man or lesbian woman of color in a highly homophobic and racist society). cache = ./cache/cord-292853-xihpfidg.txt txt = ./txt/cord-292853-xihpfidg.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-274597-a67u1elx author = Röseler, Lukas title = Evidence against subliminal anchoring: Two close, highly powered, preregistered, and failed replication attempts date = 2020-10-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7390 sentences = 448 flesch = 59 summary = Apart from anchors and the target question, the only other difference between Mussweiler and Englich's Studies 1 and 2 was the prime detection task in Study 2, in which participants tried to recognize the subliminally presented anchor. To facilitate a power analysis, we pooled the effect sizes of the original Studies 1 and 2 (which differed only with respect to the target question) and found a mean effect of d = 0.69 (N = 76, 95% CI = [0.23, 1.16] , N min95% = 94) of subliminal anchoring. We defined the replication attempt as successful if both of the following criteria were met: (a) The effect of the subliminal anchors was significantly larger than 0, and (b) the effect was not significantly smaller than the original effect [for the sake of precision, we pooled Mussweiler & Englich's, 2005 effect sizes from Studies 1 and 2, d = 0.69]. cache = ./cache/cord-274597-a67u1elx.txt txt = ./txt/cord-274597-a67u1elx.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-265605-32gy8w8b author = Matthews, Michael title = Development of a psychosocial intervention to support informal caregivers of people with end-stage kidney disease receiving haemodialysis date = 2020-10-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5004 sentences = 219 flesch = 43 summary = The aim of this study is therefore to explore the experiences and unmet needs of informal carers of people with end-stage kidney disease receiving haemodialysis and develop a psychosocial intervention to support them in their caring role. The aim of this study is explore the experiences and unmet needs of informal carers of people with end-stage kidney disease receiving haemodialysis and develop a suitable psychosocial intervention to address their needs and support them in their caring role. The objectives of this study are to -To complete a systematic review of previous research related to experiences, needs, and interventions developed for informal carers of patients with end-stage kidney disease receiving haemodialysis. To hold a national workshop in order to share findings from the semi-structured interviews completed with informal carers and focus groups completed with healthcare professionals and so inform the development of a psychosocial intervention for informal carers of patients with end-stage kidney disease receiving haemodialysis. cache = ./cache/cord-265605-32gy8w8b.txt txt = ./txt/cord-265605-32gy8w8b.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-268417-6eyetb5i author = Mandel, Benjamin title = Neutralization of Animal Viruses date = 1978-12-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 23012 sentences = 1239 flesch = 43 summary = Somewhat earlier, Morgan (1945'1 had reported that discrepancies in the quantitative aspects of the neutralization of WEE virus by immune rabbit sera were related to the use of fresh or heated serum, and that the addition of complement to the latter tended to eliminate the discrepancies. Further studies (Radwan et al., 1973) showed that the addition of complement to virus complexed with dependent antibody eventually resulted in lysis of the viral membrane. It was also shown (Yoshino and Taniguchi, 1966 ) that antibodies induced in guinea pigs by immunization, and in humans following herpes infection, were initially dependent and later independent of complement for neutralizing activity. A relevant observation has been made in several studies; neutralization of infectious virus-antibody complexes by antiglobulin also shows a single-hit mechanism, and at a rate that exceeds the rate of the homotypic reaction. cache = ./cache/cord-268417-6eyetb5i.txt txt = ./txt/cord-268417-6eyetb5i.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-264079-u0nkjexi author = Murphy, Dianne title = The use of gowns and masks to control respiratory illness in pediatric hospital personnel date = 1981-11-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2674 sentences = 152 flesch = 56 summary = title: The use of gowns and masks to control respiratory illness in pediatric hospital personnel Nosocomial disease often lengthens the hospital stay and, in some instances, may be severe or even fatal> ~ For certain viruses, particularly respiratory syncytial virus, there is a high frequency of infection in nursing, medical, and other stafP ..... Children with respiratory disease are usually placed in isolation and hospital personnel may be cohorted or required to wear gowns when administering patient care. The efficacy of this approach in the control of RSV therefore designed a prospective study to examine the effect of various control methods on the acquisition of symptomatic respiratory infections by medical personnel caring for infants with respiratory disease. We were unable to demonstrate any effect of adding the use of both gown and mask to the usual handwashing routine on the development of illness in personnel caring for infants with respiratory disease. cache = ./cache/cord-264079-u0nkjexi.txt txt = ./txt/cord-264079-u0nkjexi.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-266294-ua22udlc author = Koch, Oliver title = 29 Antiviral drugs date = 2010-12-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 10777 sentences = 526 flesch = 47 summary = Metabolism The hemochromatosis gene polymorphism HFE 187C> G and possibly mitochondrial haplogroup J gave relative protection against lipoatrophy during antiretroviral drug therapy in a trial in which 96 patients were randomized to didanosine þ stavudine or zidovudine þ lamivudine, combined with efavirenz and/ or nelfinavir in AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) 384 sub-study A5005s (20 C ). Gastrointestinal In a retrospective obser vational study of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), 27 of 50 patients who took indinavir in combination with zidovudine and lamivudine developed nausea and were significantly more likely to stop taking the treatment than those who were taking zidovudine þ lamivudine þ tenofovir (24 c ). cache = ./cache/cord-266294-ua22udlc.txt txt = ./txt/cord-266294-ua22udlc.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-292559-b21j9sf3 author = Karcher, Nicole R. title = The ABCD study: understanding the development of risk for mental and physical health outcomes date = 2020-06-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 10081 sentences = 447 flesch = 36 summary = The initial goal of the ABCD Study was to examine risk and resiliency factors associated with the development of substance use, but the project has expanded far beyond this initial set of questions and will also greatly inform our understanding of the contributions of biospecimens (e.g., pubertal hormones), neural alterations, and environmental factors to the development of both healthy behavior and brain function as well as risk for poor mental and physical outcomes. First, the ABCD Study utilized a school-based national recruitment strategy with limited exclusion criteria, helping to overcome challenges to previous general population studies that generally did not include neuroimaging [10] as well as attempts to understand the risk factors associated with negative outcomes that relied on convenience samples [11] . These studies provide important evidence that the ABCD Study sample can be leveraged to conduct rigorous research practices, including examining the psychometric evidence for using existing (or newly created) measures in a middle childhood sample, supporting the use of these measures to better understand the development of risk. cache = ./cache/cord-292559-b21j9sf3.txt txt = ./txt/cord-292559-b21j9sf3.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-269373-d5xam4kb author = Schumacher, J. title = The impact of respiratory protective equipment on difficult airway management: a randomised, crossover, simulation study date = 2020-05-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1386 sentences = 89 flesch = 39 summary = title: The impact of respiratory protective equipment on difficult airway management: a randomised, crossover, simulation study Airway management in critically ill patients contaminated with chemical, biological radiological or nuclear substances requires personal protective equipment (PPE) [1, 2] . This is the first study comparing the impact of modern powered respirators and standard respirators on simulated difficult airway procedures. The primary outcome measure of this study was as the difference in intubation times for various airway management procedures, with wearer comfort a secondary outcome. Airway management times of the Airtraq group, the videolaryngoscopy and the fibreoptic intubation Anaesthetists rated their personal sensation of heat buildup and perceived vision significantly higher in the powered respirator group; however, noise levels scored significantly lower compared to the standard respirator group (Table 2 ). A randomised crossover simulation study comparing the impact of chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear substance personal protection equipment on the performance of advanced life support interventions cache = ./cache/cord-269373-d5xam4kb.txt txt = ./txt/cord-269373-d5xam4kb.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-293522-gg706q8s author = Toumi, Mondher title = Commentary on “Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open label non-randomized clinical trial” by Gautret et al date = 2020-05-13 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5234 sentences = 277 flesch = 51 summary = title: Commentary on "Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open label non-randomized clinical trial" by Gautret et al The results of a clinical trial comparing hydroxychloroquine with or without azithromycin to the standard of care for the treatment of COVID-19 were recently published by Philippe Gautret et al. This study provides outstanding results for the combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin over the standard of care, but the evidence was deemed insufficiently robust to warrant a public health decision to widen the use of hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19. The results of a clinical trial comparing hydroxychloroquine with or without azithromycin to the standard of care for the treatment of COVID-19 were published in the International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents by Philippe Gautret et al. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention provides information on the use of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in the USA to treat coronavirus 2infected patients. cache = ./cache/cord-293522-gg706q8s.txt txt = ./txt/cord-293522-gg706q8s.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-287957-diyz54qy author = Deriba, Berhanu Senbeta title = Patient Satisfaction and Associated Factors During COVID-19 Pandemic in North Shoa Health Care Facilities date = 2020-10-13 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4256 sentences = 226 flesch = 45 summary = title: Patient Satisfaction and Associated Factors During COVID-19 Pandemic in North Shoa Health Care Facilities Therefore, this study aimed to assess patient satisfaction and associated factors among chronic patients who had a follow-up in North Shoa healthcare facilities. Therefore, this study aimed to assess patient satisfaction and associated factors during the COVID-19 pandemic among chronic patients who had follow-up at public health facilities in the North Shoa Zone, Oromia region, Ethiopia. Patients who maintained and observed better social distancing at the registration place, waiting for the outpatient department, laboratory, and pharmacy services as a means of the COVID-19 prevention in the healthcare facilities were significantly associated with patient satisfaction. Availability of sign and direction indicators, availability of ordering drugs, social distancing status in the healthcare facility, availability of alcohol, and sanitizer for hand cleaning at the healthcare facility entrance to prevent and control COVID-19 were factors associated with the satisfaction of patients with chronic diseases. cache = ./cache/cord-287957-diyz54qy.txt txt = ./txt/cord-287957-diyz54qy.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-276327-wyevh4xv author = Sheng, Calvin C title = Canakinumab to reduce deterioration of cardiac and respiratory function in SARS‐CoV‐2 associated myocardial injury with heightened inflammation (canakinumab in Covid‐19 cardiac injury: The three C study) date = 2020-08-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3239 sentences = 192 flesch = 37 summary = We designed a proof‐of‐concept randomized controlled trial to evaluate whether treatment with canakinumab prevents progressive respiratory failure and worsening cardiac dysfunction in patients with SARS‐CoV2 infection, myocardial injury, and high levels of inflammation. The three C Study is a prospective, IRB approved, blinded randomized-controlled Phase II study designed to evaluate whether treatment with canakinumab prevents progressive heart and respiratory failure in patients with Covid-19 associated myocardial injury and increased inflammation. This blinded randomized controlled trial is designed as a proof of concept study to demonstrate whether IL-1β antagonism can dampen the deleterious autoinflammatory response to SARS-CoV2 infection in patients with myocardial injury and heightened inflammation. In evaluating this hypothesis, the Three C study will help inform whether targeting inappropriate activation of the innate immune system should be investigated in larger clinical trials to improve survival in patients with Covid-19 and myocardial injury. cache = ./cache/cord-276327-wyevh4xv.txt txt = ./txt/cord-276327-wyevh4xv.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-278246-mnj0zmkn author = Hussain, Nowair title = A Meta-Analysis on the Effects of Hydroxychloroquine on COVID-19 date = 2020-08-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2986 sentences = 170 flesch = 53 summary = HCQ treated patients had higher rates of adverse clinical outcomes and side effects compared with the control populations. The treatment of COVID-19 positive patients with HCQ has been met with controversy, as there have been no large multicenter randomized control trials to support its use. Studies 1 and 2 both do not cross the effect line at 0, indicating that they are not in agreement with the mortality rate of HCQ treated COVID-19 positive patients. All studies, except Study 6, are in agreement with the results of a disease progression rate of HCQ treatment in patients with COVID [19] . These results seem to be in line with the meta-analysis' of a slight disease improvement in COVID-19 patients treated with HCQ as compared with the controls. Our study looks at three disease outcome measures of treatment with HCQ in patients with COVID-19: mortality rates, progression rates, and severity rates. cache = ./cache/cord-278246-mnj0zmkn.txt txt = ./txt/cord-278246-mnj0zmkn.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-010092-uftc8inx author = nan title = Abstract of 29th Regional Congress of the ISBT date = 2019-06-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 233304 sentences = 13171 flesch = 54 summary = Prospective testing of blood donations in endemic areas of the U.S. revealed 0.38% of donors were positive for Babesia DNA or antibodies (Moritz, NEJM, 2016) Aims: -To report results of ongoing Babesia clinical trial -To explain significance of Babesia as a TT infection Methods: In cobas â Babesia for use on the cobas â 6800/8800 Systems, is a qualitative polymerase chain reaction nucleic acid amplification test, developed to detect in whole blood (WB) donor samples the 4 Babesia species that cause human disease: B. In sensitivity analyses, there were two discrepant results for HIV testing, three for HCV, and five for anti-HBc. Summary/Conclusions: Elecsys â infectious disease parameters on the cobas e 801 analyser demonstrate high specificity/sensitivity for screening first-time blood donor samples, with similar clinical performance to other commercially available assays. cache = ./cache/cord-010092-uftc8inx.txt txt = ./txt/cord-010092-uftc8inx.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023095-4dannjjm author = nan title = Research Abstract Program of the 2011 ACVIM Forum Denver, Colorado, June 15–18, 2011 date = 2011-05-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 134226 sentences = 6834 flesch = 51 summary = The purpose of this study was to determine the short-term effects of ivabradine on heart rate (HR), blood pressure, left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic function, left atrial (LA) performance, and clinical tolerance in healthy cats after repeated oral doses. The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between heart rate and ECG time intervals to body mass in apparently healthy horses and ponies and to calculate normal ranges for different weight groups. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of hypercoagulability in PLN dogs based on thromboelastography (TEG), and to determine whether hypercoagulability in these patients could be predicted by clinical assessments that identify systemic hypertension (systolic blood pressure 4 160 mmHg), hypoalbuminemia (serum albumin o 2.7 mg/dl), antithrombin activity (o 70%), and degree of proteinuria (urine protein:creatinine ratio [UPC] ! cache = ./cache/cord-023095-4dannjjm.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023095-4dannjjm.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-279748-ycgpqs89 author = Gremi, Téa title = COVID-19 studies registration worldwide for prospective studies with a specific focus on the fast-tracking of French ethic procedures date = 2020-06-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 138 sentences = 20 flesch = 70 summary = key: cord-279748-ycgpqs89 authors: Gremi, Téa; Ginesy, Éric; Payen, Didier; Lefrant, Jean-Yves; Marin, Benoît title: COVID-19 studies registration worldwide for prospective studies with a specific focus on the fast-tracking of French ethic procedures date: 2020-06-30 journal: Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med DOI: 10.1016/j.accpm.2020.06.010 sha: doc_id: 279748 cord_uid: ycgpqs89 nan interventional, 899 (40%) observational, 37 not classified). Figure 1 shows the number of studies registered per country; 1289 (57%) studies are still recruiting and 138 were declared completed (6%). USA, China and France performed more than half of the studies worldwide (1202 studies (53%)). French legal approach to clinical research Ordonnance n° 2020-460 du 22 avril 2020 portant diverses mesures prises pour faire face à l'épidémie de covid-19 Notre ambition pour les industries de santé, 8ème Conseil stratégique des industries de santé (CSIS) cache = ./cache/cord-279748-ycgpqs89.txt txt = ./txt/cord-279748-ycgpqs89.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-276711-y74zr7fn author = Winthrop, Kevin L title = To immunosuppress: whom, when and how? That is the question with COVID-19 date = 2020-08-04 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2452 sentences = 114 flesch = 42 summary = 1 After a difficult March 2019 of high hospitalisation and death rates with COVID-19, on 1 April their institution started a standard protocol of treating patients with COVID-19 with high-dose methylprednisolone for 5-7 days during which time individuals not showing clinical improvement were also given the interleukin 6 (IL-6) receptor-blocking agent tocilizumab. An early observational report from China that used propensity methods to match steroid-treated COVID-19 cases to noncases suggested non-significant trends towards worse outcomes among those using 40-50 mg of methylprednisolone per day compared with those not using steroids. 19 Contrary to this study, an institutional cohort at the University of Michigan of patients with COVID-19 on mechanical ventilation suggested a strong survivor benefit for those using tocilizumab, as mortality was nearly halved, despite an increase in secondary bacterial infections. Their phase 2/3 adaptive trial first reported that in phase 2, sarilumab was not effective in patients with less severe COVID-19 pneumonia (ie, those not mechanically ventilated 27 ). cache = ./cache/cord-276711-y74zr7fn.txt txt = ./txt/cord-276711-y74zr7fn.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-294910-gnc04ax1 author = Nogueira, Paulo Jorge title = The Role of Health Preconditions on COVID-19 Deaths in Portugal: Evidence from Surveillance Data of the First 20293 Infection Cases date = 2020-07-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4935 sentences = 251 flesch = 42 summary = The risk factors for increased odds of death by COVID-19 were: sex (male: OR = 1.47, ref = female), age ((56–60) years, OR = 6.01; (61–65) years, OR = 10.5; (66–70) years, OR = 20.4; (71–75) years, OR = 34; (76–80) years, OR = 50.9; (81–85) years, OR = 70.7; (86–90) years, OR = 83.2; (91–95) years, OR = 91.8; (96–104) years, OR = 140.2, ref = (0–55)), Cardiac disease (OR = 2.86), Kidney disorder (OR = 2.95), and Neuromuscular disorder (OR = 1.58), while condition (None (absence of precondition); OR = 0.49) was associated with a reduced chance of dying after adjusting for other variables of interest. The data retrieved include individuals' demographic characteristics (age, sex, region), COVID-19 disease information (death, recovery, still in treatment, hospitalization, intensive care, respiratory support), and preconditions (Asthma, Cancer, Cardiac disease, Hematological disorder, Diabetes, HIV and other immune deficiency, Kidney disorder, Liver disorder, Neuromuscular disorder, Other precondition and None (absence of precondition)). cache = ./cache/cord-294910-gnc04ax1.txt txt = ./txt/cord-294910-gnc04ax1.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-279935-asg71qtr author = Beasley, Lana O. title = Best Practices for Engaging Pregnant and Postpartum Women at Risk of Substance Use in Longitudinal Research Studies: a Qualitative Examination of Participant Preferences date = 2020-10-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7881 sentences = 329 flesch = 38 summary = Themes were organized into key engagement factors related to the following: (1) recruitment strategies, (2) enrollment, and (3) retention of high-risk pregnant and parenting women in longitudinal research studies. Overall, the current qualitative data provide preliminary data that enhance the understanding of a continuum of factors that impact engagement of high-risk pregnant and postpartum women in longitudinal research with current results indicating the need to prioritize recruitment, enrollment, and retention strategies in order to effectively engage vulnerable populations in research. These difficulties with recruitment and retention contribute to additional complications for research, including biased samples of convenience recruited through referrals from social and health agencies, limited sample diversity, deviations from the research design, and ethical issues associated with risk and benefits of participation and involvement with the criminal justice or child welfare system. cache = ./cache/cord-279935-asg71qtr.txt txt = ./txt/cord-279935-asg71qtr.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-295786-cpuz08vl author = Castillo-Sánchez, Gema title = Suicide Risk Assessment Using Machine Learning and Social Networks: a Scoping Review date = 2020-11-09 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7120 sentences = 509 flesch = 53 summary = This scoping review aims to identify the machine learning techniques used to predict suicide risk based on information posted on social networks. This scoping review aims to identify the current ML techniques used to predict suicide risk based on information posted on social networks. The authors have performed a systematic review to identify relevant papers that use suicide risk assessment models in social networks. To select the relevant studies on this topic, the authors defined the following inclusion criteria: & The studies include algorithms or models to estimate suicide risk using the social network. The research papers were excluded if they were not written in the English language, do not include a specific suicide intervention or do not report information regarding technical aspects of the model/algorithm used to detect suicide risk on social networks. The results of the application of artificial intelligence algorithms or models for suicide risk identification using data collected from social networks have been analyzed in this study. cache = ./cache/cord-295786-cpuz08vl.txt txt = ./txt/cord-295786-cpuz08vl.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-267076-a4ulg4ck author = Mechili, Enkeleint A. title = Is the mental health of young students and their family members affected during the quarantine period? Evidence from the COVID‐19 pandemic in Albania. date = 2020-07-13 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4026 sentences = 249 flesch = 59 summary = AIM: This study aimed to assess the levels of depression among bachelor and master university students (nurses/midwives) and their family members' during the quarantine period of COVID‐19 pandemic. Being unsatisfied with COVID‐19 prevention measures, beliefs that COVID‐19 infection and quarantine process can cause problems on their health status were the key factors for students to be screened positive for mental problems in multiple regression analysis. Therefore, given, the psychological burden caused by similar emergencies in the past, this study aimed to evaluate the levels of depression of students (nursing and midwifery) and their family members' during the quarantine period. Both students and family members who considered that quarantine itself and COVID-19 can cause problems on their health were more likely to be have high levels of depression. This is the first study to measure the depression levels of nursing/midwifery students and their family members in Albania during the COVID-19 outbreak and quarantine period. cache = ./cache/cord-267076-a4ulg4ck.txt txt = ./txt/cord-267076-a4ulg4ck.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-292209-d1ty9etr author = Horta, Bernardo L title = Prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 according to socioeconomic and ethnic status in a nationwide Brazilian survey date = 2020-10-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4330 sentences = 247 flesch = 53 summary = Subjects answered a questionnaire on household assets, schooling and self-reported skin color/ethnicity using the standard Brazilian classification in five categories: white, black, brown, Asian or indigenous. The present analyses were aimed at assessing socioeconomic and ethnic group inequalities in prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in 133 sentinel cities throughout Brazil, as part of the EPICOVID-19 study (www.epicovid19brasil.org). In summary, the analyses of the three waves of national serological surveys in Brazil showed important inequalities in the prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 according to family wealth, education and ethnic groups. Yet, even after adjustment for region, indigenous individuals were about twice as likely as whites to present antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, and in the national analyses including adjustment for region of the country and socioeconomic status, the prevalence ratio remained at around two. cache = ./cache/cord-292209-d1ty9etr.txt txt = ./txt/cord-292209-d1ty9etr.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-281877-r1y1hz4q author = Lavretsky, Helen title = Scientific Autobiography of a Spiritual Seeker in the Year of Hindsight's 20/20.: “Was I deceived, or did a sable cloud Turn forth her silver lining on the night?” John Milton “Comus” (1634) date = 2020-08-11 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2685 sentences = 130 flesch = 51 summary = have been a big part of my spiritual journey focused on seeking to understand the true nature of human mental and emotional suffering and resilience, where all life events are assumed to provide valuable lessons and "silver linings" that ensure individual and collective evolution of consciousness. I also learned to use the intervention studies to understand brain mechanisms of treatment response, while developing novel pharmacological and behavioral interventions and mastering advanced research tools like neuroimaging, genetics, inflammatory markers (9) (10) (11) (12) . We hope to empower our patients to take control of their own health and learn resilience-building tools to allow for self-regulation during these difficult times and for stress-related psychiatric disorders. However, providing patients with the ability to learn about their own strengths and utilize their lifestyle choices and spirituality to improve treatment outcomes is another powerful therapeutic and preventive approach to neuropsychiatric diseases of late life, such as depression, caregiver stress and dementia. cache = ./cache/cord-281877-r1y1hz4q.txt txt = ./txt/cord-281877-r1y1hz4q.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-287958-tcn2hlmo author = Bhattacharya, Subhasis title = The behaviour of Infection, Survival and Testing Effort Variables of SARS-CoV-2: A Theoretical Modelling based on Optimization Technique date = 2020-11-11 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3602 sentences = 235 flesch = 55 summary = title: The behaviour of Infection, Survival and Testing Effort Variables of SARS-CoV-2: A Theoretical Modelling based on Optimization Technique Consideration of improper functional relation in case of identification, survival and testing effort variables of the disease may be the cause of such non-universal applicability. METHODS: Present study using optimization techniques try to find the general functional form for the variables like identification of the carrier's and testing effort. Under such construction the study considers the following restrictions on the growth function of infection and identification function of infection. The study also assumes a linear effort function which is of the form and the identification function will be = 0 + = ( 0 + ).…… (6) In equilibrium, under the logistic growth function for infection will be, From such construction, the study consider net benefit from the effort applied for the identification of the infected is cache = ./cache/cord-287958-tcn2hlmo.txt txt = ./txt/cord-287958-tcn2hlmo.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-276896-14zq3tln author = Vaz, Manjulika title = Public perceptions on Controlled Human Infection Model (CHIM) studies—a qualitative pilot study from South India date = 2020-10-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9350 sentences = 464 flesch = 51 summary = The scholarly article by Bambery et al (2016) , suggests four requirements for human challenge studies to be ethical '(i) conduct independent expert reviews, including systematic reviews; (ii) ensure a publicly available rationale for the research; (iii) implement measures to protect the public from the spread of infection beyond the research setting; and (iv) develop a new system for compensation for harm' (Bambery et al. The key strata of general public covered were males and females, youth and middle aged, members of the public belonging to specific work categories-college students, Information Technology professionals (Bangalore is the IT hub of the country), un-organized sector workers, and mid-income school teachers in the urban areas and members of women's self-help groups, farmers collectives, community health workers and youth groups in the rural areas. For Controlled Human Infection studies with its contentious ethical positions, the value of public perceptions in identifying regulatory requirements and researcher responsibilities emerges as critical in the process of ensuring transparency and building trust. cache = ./cache/cord-276896-14zq3tln.txt txt = ./txt/cord-276896-14zq3tln.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-292544-m7jyydf1 author = Grau-Pujol, Berta title = Pre-exposure prophylaxis with hydroxychloroquine for high-risk healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A structured summary of a study protocol for a multicentre, double-blind randomized controlled trial date = 2020-07-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4575 sentences = 257 flesch = 50 summary = OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of the use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with hydroxychloroquine against placebo in healthcare workers with high risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in reducing their risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease during an epidemic period. As secondary endpoints, we will obtain: i) the SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion in the PrEP group compared to placebo during the 6 months of follow-up in healthcare workers with negative serology at day 0; ii) the occurrence of any adverse event related with hydroxychloroquine treatment; iii) the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 among healthcare workers in the non-PrEP group, among the total of healthcare workers included in the non-PrEP group during the study period; iv) the risk ratio for the different clinical, analytical and microbiological conditions to develop COVID-19; v) a repository of serum samples obtained from healthcare workers confirmed COVID-19 cases for future research on blood markers to predict SARS-CoV-2 infection. cache = ./cache/cord-292544-m7jyydf1.txt txt = ./txt/cord-292544-m7jyydf1.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-274802-7ioiwsd8 author = Varghese, Praveen Mathews title = Host-pathogen interaction in COVID-19: Pathogenesis, potential therapeutics and vaccination strategies date = 2020-08-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 19657 sentences = 1033 flesch = 42 summary = Proteomic and transcriptomic studies on bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples from COVID-19 patients have also revealed considerable insights into the expression of SARS-CoV-2 receptors, co-receptors, immune responses, as well as risk factors for severe disease e.g. age and co-morbidities. Furthermore, treatment with a recombinant C5a antibody on 2 male COVID-19 patients aged 54 and 67 years showed significant benefit in suppressing complement hyperactivation, which contributes to the excessive immune response causing aggravated inflammatory lung injury, a hallmark of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and lethality (242) . Consistent with endothelial injury, the significantly elevated levels of von Willebrand factor found in the patient with severe COVID-19 has led to the idea that the infection of the ACE2 expressing endothelium by SARS-CoV-2 induces injury and activates the complement , which sets up a feedback loop that maintains a state of inflammation (243, (268) (269) (270) . Initial clinical studies in China involving 100 SARS-CoV-2 infected patients, who were treated with Chloroquine, showed amelioration of pneumonia, shortened disease progression, increased resolution of lung lesions on CT, and a better virus-negative conversion (313, 314) . cache = ./cache/cord-274802-7ioiwsd8.txt txt = ./txt/cord-274802-7ioiwsd8.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-009997-oecpqf1j author = nan title = 2018 ASPHO ABSTRACTS date = 2018-03-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 182060 sentences = 10342 flesch = 48 summary = Completed cranial radiation and proceeded to allogeneic stem cell transplant with unrelated cord marrow donor and is disease free at approximately day +200.Case 2: 5 year-old female diagnosed with FLT3 and MLL negative AML and completed treatment per COG AAML1031 study on the low risk arm without Bortezomib. Design/Method: This study was a retrospective chart review that included patients 3 to 23 years old with sickle cell disease type SS and S 0 followed at St. Christopher's Hospital for Children. Background: Hydroxyurea, chronic blood transfusion, and bone marrow transplantation can reduce complications, and improve survival in sickle cell disease (SCD), but are associated with a significant decisional dilemma because of the inherent risk-benefit tradeoffs, and the lack of comparative studies. Brown University -Hasbro Children's Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, United States Background: Despite clinical advances in the treatment of sickle cell disease (SCD) in pediatric and young adult patients, pain remains a significant source of disease-related morbidity. cache = ./cache/cord-009997-oecpqf1j.txt txt = ./txt/cord-009997-oecpqf1j.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-295575-zgta5ah8 author = Howard, Evin title = The Impact of Ambient Environmental Exposures to Microbial Products on Asthma Outcomes from Birth to Childhood date = 2019-11-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6929 sentences = 351 flesch = 49 summary = The purpose of this literature review was to specifically examine asthma outcomes related to environmental exposures to microbial products, pertaining to endotoxin from bacteria-(1,3)-β-D-glucan and ergosterol from fungus, and common viruses associated with worsening asthma morbidity (rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), enterovirus, and the influenza virus) during infancy, and to assess the risk of asthma development later in childhood [15] [16] [17] [18] (see Table 1 ). conducted a prospective longitudinal study examining whether early exposure to microbial products in dust was associated with allergy and asthma later in childhood for children in suburban areas using the following three birth cohort studies for children born between 1996 and 1999: [24••] , dust samples were collected from children's mattresses, bedroom floors, and living room floors; and showed no association between endotoxin nor the fungal membrane lipid ergosterol in the development of asthma with exposure from birth to 7 years of age. cache = ./cache/cord-295575-zgta5ah8.txt txt = ./txt/cord-295575-zgta5ah8.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-274305-mnyy41po author = Kumar, Purnima S title = Demystifying the mist: Sources of microbial bioload in dental aerosols date = 2020-07-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5944 sentences = 335 flesch = 40 summary = The purpose of this review, therefore, is to examine (1) what is currently known regarding the physics of aerosol creation, (2) the types of environmental contaminants generated by dental procedures, (3) the nature, quantity, and sources of microbiota in these contaminants and (4) the risk of disease transmission from patients to dental healthcare workers. Well‐controlled, large‐scale, multi center studies using atraumatic air harvesters, open‐ended methods for microbial characterization and integrated data modeling are urgently needed to characterize the microbial constituents of aerosols created during dental procedures and to estimate time and extent of spread of these infectious agents. The purpose of this review, therefore, is to examine what is currently known regarding the physics of aerosol creation, the types of aerosols generated by dental procedures, the nature, quantity, and sources of microbiota in these aerosols and the probability of disease transmission from patients to dental healthcare workers. cache = ./cache/cord-274305-mnyy41po.txt txt = ./txt/cord-274305-mnyy41po.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-283340-ksyd5l56 author = Choi, Geun Joo title = The Potential Role of Dyslipidemia in COVID-19 Severity: an Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews date = 2020-09-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4949 sentences = 279 flesch = 43 summary = OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze the available knowledge about the potential association between dyslipidemia and the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as reported in previous published systematic reviews. Specifically, we conducted an umbrella review to evaluate the findings of systematic reviews and/or metaanalyses that investigated the relationship of dyslipidemia and severity of COVID-19 infection and to assess the evidence regarding potential limitations and the consistency of findings. The following criteria were applied to identify the articles to be included in the present umbrella review: (1) systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses; (2) studies involving adults who tested positive for COVID-19; and (3) studies reporting the association between dyslipidemia and COVID-19 infection. Two authors (G.J.C. and H.M.K.) independently extracted the outcomes on the relationship of dyslipidemia or non-dyslipidemia and lipid profile with COVID-19 infection severity from the identified systematic reviews and meta-analyses. cache = ./cache/cord-283340-ksyd5l56.txt txt = ./txt/cord-283340-ksyd5l56.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-286932-2gjnpqqa author = Lee, Yung title = Impact of hospital lockdown secondary to COVID-19 and past pandemics on surgical practice: A living rapid systematic review date = 2020-11-12 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2957 sentences = 196 flesch = 45 summary = title: Impact of hospital lockdown secondary to COVID-19 and past pandemics on surgical practice: A living rapid systematic review We included studies that assessed postoperative patient outcomes or protection measures for surgical personnel during epidemics. CONCLUSIONS: This review highlights postoperative patient outcomes during worldwide epidemics including the COVID-19 pandemic and identifies specific safety measures to minimize infection of healthcare workers. Studies reporting outcomes of patients undergoing surgery during an epidemic-caused hospital lockdown and studies investigating the impact of lockdown on surgical HCW and surgical practice were included. 23,29,35 Fourteen studies described modifying the roles of HCW during epidemics, including formation of an "Emergency Incident Command Team" to identify and separate infected patients from other patients, allowing only essential personnel to be present during procedures, and assigning staff to conduct patient screening full-time. 21 No infections or adverse outcomes were reported for HCW during the SARS epidemics (0/128) from the included studies. cache = ./cache/cord-286932-2gjnpqqa.txt txt = ./txt/cord-286932-2gjnpqqa.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-279913-lgdmlies author = Katz, D. H. title = Proteomic Profiling in Biracial Cohorts Implicates DC-SIGN as a Mediator of Genetic Risk in COVID-19 date = 2020-06-11 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4032 sentences = 229 flesch = 52 summary = To understand how these loci might confer risk and whether this differs by race, we utilized proteomic profiling and genetic information from three cohorts including black and white participants to identify proteins influenced by these loci. We tested for associations between genetic variants at the ABO and 3p21.31 loci and protein levels in the three cohorts to identify possible mediators of disease. Table 1 shows the 56 proteins that associate with variants within 1MB of the transcription start site (TSS) of the ABO gene in either JHS or FHS/MDCS or both at a p-value < 5×10 -8 . . https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.09.20125690 doi: medRxiv preprint Proteins associated with any variant within 1MB of transcription start site of ABO gene in either Jackson Heart Study (JHS) or Framingham Heart Study (FHS)/Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDCS). Proteins associated with any variant within chr3:45800446-46135604 of hg38 in either Jackson Heart Study (JHS) or Framingham Heart Study (FHS)/Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDCS) meta-analysis. cache = ./cache/cord-279913-lgdmlies.txt txt = ./txt/cord-279913-lgdmlies.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-286075-yp2ta24o author = Nacul, Luis title = How Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) Progresses: The Natural History of ME/CFS date = 2020-08-11 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8473 sentences = 356 flesch = 33 summary = We propose a framework for understanding and interpreting the pathophysiology of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) that considers wider determinants of health and long-term temporal variation in pathophysiological features and disease phenotype throughout the natural history of the disease. The lack of progress in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) research has been attributed to a range of factors, including the paucity of large, high quality, hypothesis-driven studies, and controversy around diagnosis. Of note, many of the abnormalities shown in severe injury have also been identified in ME/CFS such as: immune dysfunction, including pro-inflammatory response (especially at early stages of disease) (45, 46); autonomic nervous system (47) (48) (49) ; HPA axis dysfunction (50); hypovolemia (51); nitrosamine and oxidative stress (52); endothelial dysfunction (52); metabolic dysfunction (53-55); dysfunction of membrane transport (56) ; and, tissue hypoxia (57). The UK ME/CFS biobank: a disease-specific biobank for advancing clinical research into myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigu syndrome cache = ./cache/cord-286075-yp2ta24o.txt txt = ./txt/cord-286075-yp2ta24o.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-281051-i229xv0o author = Bishop-Williams, Katherine E. title = A protocol for a systematic literature review: comparing the impact of seasonal and meteorological parameters on acute respiratory infections in Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples date = 2017-01-26 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6404 sentences = 366 flesch = 44 summary = This protocol outlines our process for conducting a systematic review to investigate whether associations between ARI and seasonal or meteorological parameters differ between Indigenous and non-Indigenous groups residing in the same geographical region. This paper outlines a protocol for conducting a systematic review to investigate whether associations between ARI and seasonal or meteorological parameters differ between Indigenous and non-Indigenous groups residing in the same geographical region. This research builds from the United Nations Declaration of the Rights of Indigenous Peoples [13] understanding of the term Indigenous peoples, which states that an Indigenous person self-identifies as Indigenous; has historical continuity Table 1 Inclusion and exclusion criteria for a systematic literature review investigating the impact of seasonal and meteorological parameters on acute respiratory infection (ARI) in Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples cache = ./cache/cord-281051-i229xv0o.txt txt = ./txt/cord-281051-i229xv0o.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-296491-467nrx6d author = O’Brien, Bridget C. title = Pause, Persist, Pivot: Key Decisions Health Professions Education Researchers Must Make About Conducting Studies During Extreme Events date = 2020-06-09 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3869 sentences = 259 flesch = 53 summary = title: Pause, Persist, Pivot: Key Decisions Health Professions Education Researchers Must Make About Conducting Studies During Extreme Events Although at the time of this writing, the COVID-19 pandemic was the extreme event at hand, the authors intentionally created questions and discussed considerations that can be helpful for thinking through decisions in a variety of disruptions in health professions education research—many of which require similar difficult decisions and creative solutions to carry important research forward and maintain high quality. Although at the time of this writing, the COVID-19 pandemic was the extreme event at hand, the authors intentionally created questions and discussed considerations that can be helpful for thinking through decisions in a variety of disruptions in health professions education research-many of which require similar difficult decisions and creative solutions to carry important research forward and maintain high quality. • Will need to change-I will adjust recruitment, data collection procedures, survey/interview/focus group questions, analysis: Persist or pivot cache = ./cache/cord-296491-467nrx6d.txt txt = ./txt/cord-296491-467nrx6d.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-289305-mfjyjjer author = Lee, Min Hye title = A systematic review on the causes of the transmission and control measures of outbreaks in long-term care facilities: Back to basics of infection control date = 2020-03-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7550 sentences = 417 flesch = 47 summary = title: A systematic review on the causes of the transmission and control measures of outbreaks in long-term care facilities: Back to basics of infection control Three studies on gastrointestinal infection, in which adherence to hand hygiene among HCWs was crucial to prevent its spread, reported control measures including stringent hand hygiene practice and reinforcement of standard precautions [23, 27, 31] . The study on the RSV and HMPV outbreak reported various measures including active surveillance, isolation, contact precaution, antiviral prophylaxis for residents and work restriction for ill staff to control respiratory pathogen transmission [50] . This update for understanding outbreaks in LTCFs by reviewing recent studies indicates that staff members and residents are still at risk for contagious disease outbreaks including influenza, gastroenteritis, and GAS infection. Influenza outbreak control practices and the effectiveness of interventions in long-term care facilities: a systematic review cache = ./cache/cord-289305-mfjyjjer.txt txt = ./txt/cord-289305-mfjyjjer.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-300078-svu06v9c author = Haghani, Milad title = Covid-19 pandemic and the unprecedented mobilisation of scholarly efforts prompted by a health crisis: Scientometric comparisons across SARS, MERS and 2019-nCov literature date = 2020-06-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6365 sentences = 298 flesch = 52 summary = To compare the scientometric aspects of the studies on SARS, MERS and Covid-19, three separate datasets of publications on these three topics were retrieved from Scopus through three separate search strategies. Figures A1 and A2 in the Appendix illustrate the map associated with the SARS literature overlaid respectively with the average year of publication and average number of citations associated with the studies where these keywords have occurred. Maps of term occurrences based on the analysis of the title and abstract of studies on SARS, MERS and Covid-19 have also been presented in Figures 7, 8 and 9 respectively. An inspection of the maps overlaid with the average year of publications for SARS and MERS in Figures A1 and A3 in the Appendix suggests that, on average, this cohort of studies are generally the last to emerge in the published domain compared to the two other major clusters, but they receive relatively high citations on average (according to Figures A2, A4 and A6). cache = ./cache/cord-300078-svu06v9c.txt txt = ./txt/cord-300078-svu06v9c.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-298257-uptgv2xv author = Cheng, Wenwen title = Efficacy and Safety of Corticosteroid Treatment in Patients With COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis date = 2020-09-09 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5802 sentences = 306 flesch = 44 summary = Compared with the control treatments, corticosteroid therapy was associated with clinical recovery (RR = 1.30, 95% CI [0.98, 1.72]) and a significantly shortened length of ICU hospitalization (RR = −6.50; 95% CI [−7.63 to −5.37]), but it did not affect the mortality ((RR = 1.59; 95% CI [0.69–3.66], I(2) = 93.5%), utilization of mechanical ventilation (RR = 0.35; 95% CI [0.10, 1.18]), duration of symptoms (WMD = 1.69; 95% CI [−0.24 to 3.62]) or virus clearance time (RR = 1.01; 95% CI [−0.91 to 2.92], I(2) = 57%) in COVID-19 patients. to explore the efficacy of the early use of short-term corticosteroids compared with a control treatment in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia in Wuhan Union Hospital and reported a remarkable improvement of clinical symptoms and chest computed tomography (CT) findings . All the included retrospective cohort studies (without control group) and case studies did not report virus clearance time in patients with COVID-19 after corticosteroid treatment. cache = ./cache/cord-298257-uptgv2xv.txt txt = ./txt/cord-298257-uptgv2xv.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-278297-twiye6jv author = Lourenco, Stella F. title = No Participant Left Behind: Conducting Science During COVID-19 date = 2020-05-11 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1638 sentences = 89 flesch = 51 summary = Although research conducted online solves the problem of data collection, a lack of internet access among low-income and minority communities may reduce the diversity of study samples and, thus, impact the generalizability of scientific findings. Indeed, many child development laboratories are going online for the first time, a shift that is being facilitated by resources such as the Parent and Researcher Collaborative (https://childrenhelpingscience.com), a single, crowd-sourced platform where researchers from different labs can post their studies for families to participate in. As excited as we are about the promises of online testing (e.g., in fields like developmental psychology where data collection is typically slow and expensive), we are also concerned about how the demographics of online participants may shift during COVID-19. In particular, we worry that online testing may reduce the diversity of participants--especially those from low-income and minority households-whose participation in scientific research has been essential in understanding all sorts of phenomena, from language proficiency [4] and spatial reasoning [5] to academic achievement [6] and brain development [7] . cache = ./cache/cord-278297-twiye6jv.txt txt = ./txt/cord-278297-twiye6jv.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-300320-07tdrd4w author = Siordia, Juan A. title = Systematic and Statistical Review of Coronavirus Disease 19 Treatment Trials date = 2020-07-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4829 sentences = 372 flesch = 44 summary = Medications assessed included lopinavir/ritonavir, arbidol, hydroxychloroquine, tocilizumab, favipiravir, heparin, and dexamethasone. Review of literature showed no significant clinical improvement with lopinavir/ritonavir, arbidol, hydroxychloroquine, or remdesivir. Medical therapies investigated included lopinavir/ritonavir, arbidol, hydroxychloroquine, remdesivir, favipiravir, heparin, glucocorticoids, interferon, ivermectin, and convalescent plasma. Key words included COVID-19, SARS-CoV2, randomized, This article is part of the Topical Collection on Covid-19 controlled, human, retrospective, prospective, trial, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir, ritonavir, arbidol, umifenovir, tocilizumab, favipiravir, steroids, dexamethasone, glucocorticoids, interferon, ivermectin, remdesivir, azithromycin, heparin, and low-molecular weight heparin. Lopinavir/ritonavir, arbidol, hydroxychloroquine, favipiravir, remdesivir, and heparin are medications that have been tested in human controlled trials for COVID-19 treatment. In human trials, arbidol shows no significant positive-negative conversion rate or recovery time compared to standard therapy or lopinavir/ritonavir [4, 9] . Combining T, treatment group (remdesivir); C, control group all the hydroxychloroquine human trials showed no benefit with reducing COVID-19 viral shedding time. cache = ./cache/cord-300320-07tdrd4w.txt txt = ./txt/cord-300320-07tdrd4w.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-291271-movbn4dn author = Jahangiry, Leila title = Risk perception related to COVID-19 among the Iranian general population: an application of the extended parallel process model date = 2020-10-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3334 sentences = 193 flesch = 51 summary = This study aimed to investigate on how people perceive the COVID-19 outbreak using the components of the Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM) and to find out how this might contribute to possible behavioral responses to the prevention and control of the disease. To collect data an electronic self-designed questionnaire based on the EPPM was used in order to measure the risk perception (efficacy, defensive responses, perceived treat) related to the COVID-19. This study aimed to investigate on how people have perceived the COVID-19 outbreak using the components of the EPPM (efficacy, defensive responses, perceived treat) and how these might contribute to possible behavioral responses to the prevention and control of the disease. This EPPM-based study was conducted to assess the risk perceptions, overall perceived danger and fear control processes among Iranian people during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. cache = ./cache/cord-291271-movbn4dn.txt txt = ./txt/cord-291271-movbn4dn.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-279718-r21k0gku author = Benseler, Anouk title = Antibiotic prophylaxis for urodynamic testing in women: a systematic review date = 2020-08-26 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3265 sentences = 202 flesch = 40 summary = OBJECTIVES: This systematic review aims to update the assessment of the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis compared with placebo or no treatment for prevention of urinary tract infection in females over the age of 18 years undergoing UDS. None of the studies included were powered to show a significant change in the incidence of urinary tract infection following UDS in female patients receiving antibiotic prophylaxis versus no prophylaxis. CONCLUSIONS: Similar to the 2012 Cochrane review on this subject, this systematic review demonstrated that antibiotic prophylaxis may decrease bacteriuria in women post UDS; however, further research is required to assess its effect on urinary tract infections in this context. In this study, we aim to update the 2012 Cochrane review and present the first female-specific systematic review with the primary objective of evaluating the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis compared with placebo or no treatment for prevention of UTI in females over the age of 18 years undergoing UDS. cache = ./cache/cord-279718-r21k0gku.txt txt = ./txt/cord-279718-r21k0gku.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-280373-xhvhep84 author = Faust, A. title = Challenges and proposed solutions in making clinical research on COVID-19 ethical. A status quo analysis across German research ethics committees date = 2020-08-14 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3663 sentences = 218 flesch = 45 summary = Methods: We conducted a qualitative survey across all 52 German RECs on the challenges and potential solutions with reviewing proposals for COVID-19 studies. For the review of these proposals the RECs indicated a broad spectrum of challenges regarding i) social value (e.g. lack of coordination), ii) scientific validity (e.g. provisional study planning), iii) favourable risk-benefit ratio (e.g. difficult benefit assessment), iv) informed consent (e.g. strict isolation measures), v) independent review (e.g. lack of time), vi) fair selection of trial participants (e.g. inclusion of vulnerable groups), and vii) respect for study participants (e.g. data security). The qualitative responses from the 22 RECs on perceived challenges and proposed solutions were all grouped under one or more of seven principles of the employed research ethics framework: social value, scientific validity, informed consent, respect for participants, independent review, favourable risk-benefit analysis and fair participant selection. cache = ./cache/cord-280373-xhvhep84.txt txt = ./txt/cord-280373-xhvhep84.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-300176-lurzcliy author = van Mol, Margo M. C. title = Developing and testing a nurse-led intervention to support bereavement in relatives in the intensive care (BRIC study): a protocol of a pre-post intervention study date = 2020-08-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5640 sentences = 269 flesch = 44 summary = The aim of this study is to develop and implement a multicomponent bereavement support intervention for relatives of deceased ICU patients and to evaluate the effectiveness of this intervention on complicated grief, anxiety, depression and posttraumatic stress in bereaved relatives. This international group of experts suggested in their study to further explore the needs of the relatives, to test the efficacy of interventions in bereavement care and to develop guidelines for ICUs aiming to adequately deliver support to relatives during this difficult situation. The aims of the BRIC (Bereavement in Relatives in the Intensive Care) study for bereaved relatives of deceased ICU patients are: 1) to develop and implement a multicomponent nurse-led intervention, 2) to explore the experiences with bereavement care such as aspects of communication, quality of ding and death, and quality of support to relatives, 3) to determine the effectiveness of this intervention on complicated grief, anxiety, depression and posttraumatic stress and 4) to identify determinants and risk factors of complicated grief. cache = ./cache/cord-300176-lurzcliy.txt txt = ./txt/cord-300176-lurzcliy.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-301393-d1duepnb author = Wolfensberger, Aline title = Implementation and evaluation of a care bundle for prevention of non-ventilator-associated hospital-acquired pneumonia (nvHAP) – a mixed-methods study protocol for a hybrid type 2 effectiveness-implementation trial date = 2020-08-17 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5970 sentences = 307 flesch = 34 summary = title: Implementation and evaluation of a care bundle for prevention of non-ventilator-associated hospital-acquired pneumonia (nvHAP) – a mixed-methods study protocol for a hybrid type 2 effectiveness-implementation trial A longitudinal, qualitative study and formative evaluation based on interviews, focus groups, and observations identifies supporting or hindering factors for implementation success in participating departments dynamically over time. DISCUSSION: This comprehensive hybrid mixed-methods study is designed to both, measure the effectiveness of a new nvHAP prevention bundle and multifaceted implementation strategy, while also providing insights into how and why it worked or failed. This comprehensive type 2 hybrid effectivenessimplementation study aims to assess the effectiveness and success factors of both, a new prevention bundle against nvHAP and a specifically designed departmentbased multifaceted implementation strategy in a medical and surgical patient population. cache = ./cache/cord-301393-d1duepnb.txt txt = ./txt/cord-301393-d1duepnb.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-296888-z5x6zkht author = Hailay, Abrha title = The burden, admission, and outcomes of COVID-19 among asthmatic patients in Africa: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis date = 2020-09-04 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2760 sentences = 153 flesch = 48 summary = title: The burden, admission, and outcomes of COVID-19 among asthmatic patients in Africa: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis This research protocol will, therefore, be driven to conduct systematic review and meta-analysis of the Coronavirus Disease in 2019 burden, admission and outcome among Asthmatic patients in Africa. This research protocol will, therefore, be driven to conduct systematic review and meta-analysis of the COVID-19 burden, admission and outcome among asthmatic patients in Africa. Data extraction was including information: first author, publishing month, country and/or region, signs and symptoms, complications, diagnostic criteria, comorbidity, COVID-19, study Upon introduction pick. If there will be heterogeneity between studies, we will use a meta-analysis of random-effects [24] to estimate the aggregate pooled burden, admission and outcome of COVID-19 among asthmatic patients in Africa. This systematic review and meta-analysis will be expected to quantify the burden, admission and outcome of COVID-19 among asthmatic patients in Africa. cache = ./cache/cord-296888-z5x6zkht.txt txt = ./txt/cord-296888-z5x6zkht.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-300064-t3qexner author = Kumar, Krishan title = The psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown on the migrant workers: A cross-sectional survey date = 2020-06-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1884 sentences = 107 flesch = 59 summary = Accordingly, this study aims to evaluate the mental health issues among the migrant workers living in shelter houses, provided by the administration because of COVID-19 to assess the immediate and long term psychological impact of isolation. Keeping this in mind, the present study, aimed to evaluate the mental health status of the migrants who have been kept in the shelter homes, after the imposition of lockdown, due to COVID-19 pandemic. These findings suggest that the lockdown and the ongoing pandemic have a significant negative impact on the mental health of the migrant laborers. If we compare to the findings of the online survey done during the lockdown period, another important fact, which is evident from this study, is that a higher proportion of the participants screened positive for depression, rather than the anxiety. To conclude, the present study suggests that the current COVID-19 pandemic is causing severe anxiety and depressive symptoms in migrants' workers. cache = ./cache/cord-300064-t3qexner.txt txt = ./txt/cord-300064-t3qexner.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-288052-qfjet2sa author = Paparini, Sara title = Case study research for better evaluations of complex interventions: rationale and challenges date = 2020-11-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3888 sentences = 172 flesch = 38 summary = Empirical case studies typically enable dynamic understanding of complex challenges and provide evidence about causal mechanisms and the necessary and sufficient conditions (contexts) for intervention implementation and effects. For example, in an empirical case study of how the policy of free bus travel had specific health effects in London, UK, a quasi-experimental evaluation (led by JG) identified how important aspects of context (a good public transport system) and intervention (that it was universal) were necessary conditions for the observed effects, thus providing useful, actionable evidence for decisionmakers in other contexts [17] . If evaluative health research is to move beyond the current impasse on methods for understanding interventions as interruptions in complex systems, we need to consider in more detail how researchers can conduct and report empirical case studies which do aim to elucidate the contextual factors which interact with interventions to produce particular effects. cache = ./cache/cord-288052-qfjet2sa.txt txt = ./txt/cord-288052-qfjet2sa.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-295806-imuk73xa author = Ramirez-Moreno, J. M. title = Mask-associated de novo headache in healthcare workers during the Covid-19 pandemic. date = 2020-08-11 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3987 sentences = 186 flesch = 49 summary = self-filtering masks of particles and liquid aerosols (FFP), average number of hours of use per day) and use of other protective devices (glasses or screens); (4) frequency and characteristics of pre-existing primary headache (changes in headache frequency, attack duration and frequency, as well as drug use and response), (5) the main variable of the study was personal opinion about the presence of new headache in the period in which these protective systems were mandatory (duration of headache episode, intensity and frequency, as well as drug use and response); (6) presence of other symptoms potentially associated with the use of facial protection equipment (fatigue, sleep disorder, lack of concentration, irritability, nausea or vomiting or others); (7) we evaluated the selfperceived impact of the presence of new-onset headache using the Likert scale on social, occupational, family and personal aspects; (8) we also evaluated the self-perceived impact that headache conditions have on the performance of work activities and (9) lastly, we analyzed self-perceived work stress by means of the Psychosomatic Problems Questionnaire (PPQ) [13] . cache = ./cache/cord-295806-imuk73xa.txt txt = ./txt/cord-295806-imuk73xa.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-284332-p4c1fneh author = Bosma, Karen J. title = Pharmacotherapy for Prevention and Treatment of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Current and Experimental Approaches date = 2012-09-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 14516 sentences = 721 flesch = 37 summary = [47] Although both of these studies were conducted prior to the 1994 AECC definition, ARDS was strictly defined in the aforementioned studies, including a PaO 2 /FiO 2 ratio <150 or intrapulmonary shunt >20% in patients requiring mechanical ventilation and who had diffuse infiltrates on chest radiograph without clinical evidence of heart failure as pulmonary arterial occlusion pressures were <18 mmHg. Building on the results of these two studies, Sinuff and colleagues [48] developed practice guidelines for prophylactic ketoconazole use, and tested the implementation and efficacy of these guidelines in two ICUs (one control and one active comparator). [119] A phase II study enrolling 98 patients with ALI compared an antioxidant enteral feeding formula containing eicosapentaenoic acid, g-linolenic acid and antioxidant vitamins with placebo, and observed improved oxygenation, reduced pulmonary inflammation, fewer days of mechanical ventilation and fewer non-pulmonary organ failures in the treatment arm, although there was no difference in mortality between this approach and the control group. cache = ./cache/cord-284332-p4c1fneh.txt txt = ./txt/cord-284332-p4c1fneh.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-288487-hs3wfffs author = Lambert, Stephen B title = The cost of community-managed viral respiratory illnesses in a cohort of healthy preschool-aged children date = 2008-01-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5658 sentences = 250 flesch = 45 summary = The point estimate of the mean cost of community-managed influenza illnesses in healthy preschool aged children is three times greater than those illnesses caused by RSV and other respiratory viruses. Even for influenza, the most studied of all respiratory viruses, cost-of-illness and vaccine cost-effectiveness evaluations in children have tended to rely on assumptions or use retrospectively collected estimates, often from surveys, for resource utilisation, such as carer time away from work in seeking healthcare or caring for an ill child [6] [7] [8] [9] . Despite overlapping confidence intervals, the finding of most note in this study was the dramatically higher point estimate of the mean cost of influenza A ARIs, being three times higher than illnesses caused by RSV and the other common respiratory viral infections of childhood. Further studies that collect primary, integrated epidemiologic and economic data, particularly indirect costs, directly from families about community-managed ARIs in children, are required. cache = ./cache/cord-288487-hs3wfffs.txt txt = ./txt/cord-288487-hs3wfffs.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-287367-1sdt9zz8 author = Andrews, Denise title = Multiplex PCR point of care testing versus routine, laboratory-based testing in the treatment of adults with respiratory tract infections: a quasi-randomised study assessing impact on length of stay and antimicrobial use date = 2017-10-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6429 sentences = 297 flesch = 48 summary = title: Multiplex PCR point of care testing versus routine, laboratory-based testing in the treatment of adults with respiratory tract infections: a quasi-randomised study assessing impact on length of stay and antimicrobial use Consequently, though respiratory viruses are frequently isolated in community acquired pneumonia (CAP) [2] and are reported to be responsible for 12.8% of CAP cases admitted to UK hospitals [3] , the decision to manage as a viral RTI or treat for bacterial infection including Mycoplasma pneumoniae or Chlamydia pneumoniae ('atypical bacteria') is based upon the clinical scenario and severity criteria such as the CURB-65 score. We undertook a study to assess the FilmArray® RP panel as a POC test compared to routine, laboratory-based detection methods in order to assess the impact on length of stay and antibiotic utilization. The aim of the study was to determine whether in adults presenting with upper respiratory tract infection (URTI)/ influenza-like illness (ILI) +/− lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), FilmArray® RP panel POC testing, when compared to the routine, laboratory-based RP testing was associated with length of hospital stay or antimicrobial use. cache = ./cache/cord-287367-1sdt9zz8.txt txt = ./txt/cord-287367-1sdt9zz8.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-286889-l765mxmy author = Stangeland, Paula A. title = Disaster Nursing: A Retrospective Review date = 2010-12-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7367 sentences = 393 flesch = 50 summary = Eight themes, including (1) defining disaster, (2) nursing during and after disaster, (3) nursing education in disaster preparedness, (4) military nurse preparedness, (5) postdisaster stress, (6) ethical issues and intent to respond, (7) policy, and (8) hospital emergency policy, were derived from the review and are explored in this article. Although some nurses identified their experiences of working during and in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina and other health emergencies as rewarding, they also identified planning and education as critical needs for providing care in future disasters. 20 Specifically, the guidelines state that baccalaureate nursing programs should prepare graduates to use clinical judgment appropriately and provide timely interventions when making decisions and performing nursing care during disasters, mass casualties, and other emergency situations. Because the literature reveals that working during disasters and traumatic situations causes increased stress for nurses, it is necessary to include information related to disorders that have been associated with experiencing traumatic situations. cache = ./cache/cord-286889-l765mxmy.txt txt = ./txt/cord-286889-l765mxmy.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-280111-6hiuzkvz author = Maspero, Cinzia title = Available Technologies, Applications and Benefits of Teleorthodontics. A Literature Review and Possible Applications during the COVID-19 Pandemic date = 2020-06-17 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6913 sentences = 358 flesch = 44 summary = This literature review aims at reducing in-office appointments by providing an overview of the technologies available and their reliability in the long-distance monitoring of patients, i.e., teledentistry. As no reviews have yet been carried out on the efficacy of teleassistance in orthodontics as a way to manage patients at a distance, we would like to report on the evidence available as to the possibility of implementing new technologies in teleassistance, generally known by teleorthodontics to help during the COVID-19 pandemic to remotely monitor patients' conditions. The attitudes toward teleassistance in orthodontics, and in general, dentistry by respective dental care professionals, was investigated in several studies which confirmed it was as an effective alternative to in-office visits for several routine procedures and to make consultations more accessible to dentists and patients [23, 38] . cache = ./cache/cord-280111-6hiuzkvz.txt txt = ./txt/cord-280111-6hiuzkvz.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-286411-7sgr29xx author = Zhou, Zibanai title = Critical shifts in the global tourism industry: perspectives from Africa date = 2020-10-06 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 12278 sentences = 563 flesch = 43 summary = Drawing upon a sample of thirty tourism experts in southern Africa, the critical shifts were identified and key among them include BRICS, terrorism, ageing population, and trophy hunting, are increasingly framing a new narrative for the future growth trajectory of the international tourism industry's value chain in the context of Africa. Whilst acknowledging the diverse and richness of the current international tourism body of literature, the current study argues that very little attempts have been made to explore the policy and product development implications of the constructs of BRICS, terrorism, ageing population and trophy hunting in the context of Africa. Looking into the future, there is substantial room for growth in Africa's travel and tourism market, particularly in light of current sectoral growth patterns, as international tourists are increasingly interested in developing countries as travel destinations, provide the region properly align its tourism sector to dynamics obtaining in the marketplace. cache = ./cache/cord-286411-7sgr29xx.txt txt = ./txt/cord-286411-7sgr29xx.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-294005-gjrj1gvr author = Odei Erdiaw-Kwasie, Michael title = Citizen participation dilemmas in water governance: An empirical case of Kumasi, Ghana date = 2020-12-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8595 sentences = 381 flesch = 41 summary = Findings from the study show that citizens are willing to participate in decision-making on water-related process through radio programs; public meetings; surveys or polls and telephone. In line with the Ghana National Water Policy that aims to ensure full participation of all stakeholders in decision-making on water-related issues in realization of the Ghana Water Vision for 2025 [which states ''promoting an efficient and effective management system and environmentally sound development of all water resources in Ghana"], the study's focus is timely and relevant. With regard to this study, at the district/community level, key variables that were adopted in the interview and focus group discussion (FGD) instruments included the following: level of involvement in decision making, governance processes and the effects on citizens' participation. A majority of respondents agreed that GWCL uses the following mechanisms in making decisions on participation approaches in water governance issues, radio programs, public meetings, surveys or polls, and telephone. cache = ./cache/cord-294005-gjrj1gvr.txt txt = ./txt/cord-294005-gjrj1gvr.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-298265-elbnzgx6 author = Mutua, Victoria title = A Review of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) in Disease: Potential Anti-NETs Therapeutics date = 2020-08-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 10404 sentences = 565 flesch = 35 summary = Studies have demonstrated that circulating neutrophils of RA patients are more easily stimulated to NETosis than those from healthy subjects [73, 74] , and as in other autoimmune conditions, NETs act as a source of extracellular autoantigens leading to excessive innate and adaptive immune responses in the joints and subsequent tissue injury [73, 75] . Inhibits ROS production, prevents thrombus formation [190] [191] [192] [193] [194] [195] Nucleases Recombinant human DNase DNA matrixes Reduces neutrophil infiltration, cleaves DNA matrixes [196] [197] [198] [199] [200] [201] [202] [203] [204] [205] [206] [207] Staphylokinase Plasminogen, alpha-defensins Converting NETs to deoxyadenosine mediating death of immune cells [208] [209] [210] [211] Notable compounds Probiotics PKC pathway run a study to evaluate the effect of inhibition of PAD4 in NETosis using an antagomiR-155, a pleiotropic microRNA important in the regulation of immune responses, demonstrating a decreased induction of PAD4 mRNA and subsequent reduced NETs in response to PMA challenge [13] . cache = ./cache/cord-298265-elbnzgx6.txt txt = ./txt/cord-298265-elbnzgx6.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-286565-bmcsyfz9 author = Akdeniz, Gulsum title = A Survey of Attitudes, Anxiety Status, and Protective Behaviors of the University Students During the COVID-19 Outbreak in Turkey date = 2020-07-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4220 sentences = 235 flesch = 49 summary = This study aims to assess the spread and frequency of protective behaviors, emotional and anxiety status among the Turkish population using a rapid survey during the COVID-19 outbreak. Respondents were asked about about (i) demographic and epidemiological information, (ii) protective behaviors to prevent catching the coronavirus, (iii) different emotions and thoughts caused by the COVID-19 outbreak, (iv) anxiety status during the COVID-19 outbreak, and (v) exposure to COVID-19 Outbreak on TV. So, the current study aimed to determine the prevalence and distribution of anxiety and emotional status and protective behaviors among the young Turkish population and examine their associations with media exposure using a rapid assessment during the COVID-19 outbreak. So, the current study aimed to determine the prevalence and distribution of anxiety and emotional status and protective behaviors among the young Turkish population and examine their associations with media exposure using a rapid assessment during the COVID-19 outbreak. cache = ./cache/cord-286565-bmcsyfz9.txt txt = ./txt/cord-286565-bmcsyfz9.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-310215-11srk6iq author = Bielinis, Ernest title = A Novel Anti-Environmental Forest Experience Scale to Predict Preferred Pleasantness Associated with Forest Environments date = 2020-09-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8732 sentences = 405 flesch = 48 summary = In this study, a method for predicting the preferred pleasantness induced by different forest environments, represented by virtual photographs, was proposed and evaluated using a novel Anti-Environmental Forest Experience Scale psychometric test. Insofar as there is some possibility of predicting the level of psychological relaxation and therefore preferred pleasantness induced by viewing different forest landscapes, it is important to propose new concepts for these contexts. The reliability of these scales provides evidence that an Anti-Environmental Forest Experience can help predict the pleasantness induced by viewing forest landscapes and can be useful in predicting potential benefits that might be obtained by a subject from nature-based therapy. To sum up, the AEFES is a reliable and valid instrument with practical use for measuring an anti-environmental forest experience, which might be useful for the prediction of the preferred pleasantness of subjects towards forest environments. cache = ./cache/cord-310215-11srk6iq.txt txt = ./txt/cord-310215-11srk6iq.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-309122-9dfyjpid author = Sato, Akiko title = Reviews on common objectives and evaluation indicators for risk communication activities from 2011 to 2017 date = 2020-08-25 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5548 sentences = 328 flesch = 43 summary = Risk communication should: (i) promote awareness and understanding of the specific issues under consideration during the risk analysis; (ii) promote consistency and transparency in formulating risk management options/recommendations; (iii) provide a sound basis for understanding the risk management decisions proposed; (iv) improve the overall effectiveness and efficiency of the risk analysis; (v) strengthen the working relationships among participants; (vi) foster public understanding of the process, so as to enhance trust and confidence in the safety of the food supply; (vii) promote the appropriate involvement of all interested parties ; and (viii) exchange information in relation to the concerns of interested parties about the risks associated with food. The authors of this study identified ''knowledge increase,'' ''change in risk perception and concern alleviation,'' and ''decision making and behavior change'' as areas of focus in all fields; these objectives are also discussed in the definitions and purposes of most organizations and agencies (Fig. 2, Table 1 ). cache = ./cache/cord-309122-9dfyjpid.txt txt = ./txt/cord-309122-9dfyjpid.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-307263-znuqdzdp author = Sun, Niuniu title = A Qualitative Study on the Psychological Experience of Caregivers of COVID-19 Patients date = 2020-04-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4478 sentences = 250 flesch = 50 summary = Previous studies have shown that during sudden natural disasters and infectious diseases, nurses will sacrifice their own needs to actively participate in the anti-epidemic work and make selfless contributions out of moral and professional responsibility [7] . Previous studies have shown that when nurses are in close contact with patients with emerging infectious diseases such as SARS [9] , MERS-Cov [10, 11] , Ebola [12] , H1N1 [13] , they will suffer from loneliness, anxiety, fear, fatigue, sleep disorders, and other physical and mental health problems. This study explored the psychological experience of caregivers of patients with COVID-19 using phenomenological methods and we summarised our findings into four themes: significant amounts of negative emotions at an early stage, self-coping styles, growth under stress, and positive emotions that occur simultaneously or progressively with negative emotions. cache = ./cache/cord-307263-znuqdzdp.txt txt = ./txt/cord-307263-znuqdzdp.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-287742-y1j9x5ne author = Lee, Kai Wei title = Stroke and Novel Coronavirus Infection in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis date = 2020-10-06 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6545 sentences = 292 flesch = 45 summary = Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of currently available epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory data related to both stroke and COVID-19 infection. We, therefore, performed a systematic review and metaanalysis involving the epidemiological, clinical presentation, imaging characteristics, and laboratory finding related to both stroke and COVID-19 infection. The following data were extracted from every study: the last name of the first author, year of publication, country, severity status, study design, patient characteristics (ethnicity composition, gender, and mean age), comorbidities (diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, previous stroke, chronic kidney disease/end-stage renal disease, number of stroke patients per overall participants, any information relevant to strokes such as the location of stroke [arterial or venous]), types of stroke (ischemic or haemorrhagic), classification of stroke, mortality rate, and blood parameters. The aim of this current study is to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis concerning the epidemiological, clinical presentation, imaging characteristics, and laboratory findings related to both stroke and COVID-19 infection. cache = ./cache/cord-287742-y1j9x5ne.txt txt = ./txt/cord-287742-y1j9x5ne.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-304510-sfhwaqfr author = Henssler, Jonathan title = Mental health effects of infection containment strategies: quarantine and isolation—a systematic review and meta-analysis date = 2020-10-06 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5306 sentences = 261 flesch = 35 summary = It has been suggested that vulnerable populations at risk for negative psychological outcomes before implementation of containment strategies, e.g. persons with mental illness, low income, or lack of social network, may be at particular greater risk during and after quarantine or isolation [4] . We, therefore, conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of the mental health effects of quarantine and isolation, based on controlled primary study data. For isolated/quarantined individuals, dissatisfaction with containment measures, supply, or the relationship to healthcare-personnel was associated with higher levels of anxiety and anger [13] , stress-related disorders/PTSD (2 studies [8, 14] ) and lower general mental health [8] . Large groups of the general population may be affected, but individuals who are already facing psychosocial adversities before quarantine or isolation (including persons with low income, lack of social networks, or mental health problems) appear to be among those vulnerable groups at greatest risk for negative psychological outcomes. cache = ./cache/cord-304510-sfhwaqfr.txt txt = ./txt/cord-304510-sfhwaqfr.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-291540-raksomda author = nan title = July 2020 New in Review date = 2020-07-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3292 sentences = 210 flesch = 45 summary = Studies were eligible for inclusion if they investigated the effect of a choice architecture intervention on physical activity or sedentary behavior as well as the intention to engage in these; studied an adult population older than 18 years; and contained an experimental or quasi-experimental study design. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2020 ; https://doi.org/ 10.1186/s12966-020-00948-1. Inclusion criteria included samples representing direct supply-side stakeholders with a role in menu labeling implementation; interventions with no menu labeling format; all primary research studies using qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods approaches; no restrictions on language or publication year; and outcomes measuring any barrier or facilitator to the implementation of menu labeling. Effects of resistant starch interventions on circulating inflammatory biomarkers: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. The sample of participants across the studies had a mean age of 49.0 years, a median of mean body mass index (BMI) of 33.0, a median of mean weight of 92.9 kg, a median proportion of women at 69%, and a median intervention duration of 26 weeks. cache = ./cache/cord-291540-raksomda.txt txt = ./txt/cord-291540-raksomda.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-293186-yxpkqbey author = Mamo, Yitagesu title = Perception Toward Quarantine for COVID-19 Among Adult Residents of Selected Towns in Southwest Ethiopia date = 2020-10-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4591 sentences = 286 flesch = 51 summary = The aim of this study was to assess public perceptions toward quarantine for COVID-19 and associated factors among adult residents of selected towns in Southwest Ethiopia, 2020. 3 A broad range of public health strategy would be employed against a pandemic disease like COVID-19, from relatively innocuous techniques, such as disease surveillance and hygienic measures, to considerably more restrictive interventions, such as social distancing, travel restrictions, quarantine, and case isolation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess community perception toward quarantine for COVID-19 and associated factors among adult residents of selected towns in Southwest Ethiopia, 2020. After controlling possible confounding variables in multiple linear regression, having training on COVID-19, educational status, occupation, knowledge of COVID-19, and knowledge of quarantine were significantly associated with perception toward quarantine. According to this study, having training on COVID-19 was positively associated with perception toward quarantine. The finding from this study also revealed that knowledge of COVID-19 was associated with more positive perception of quarantine. cache = ./cache/cord-293186-yxpkqbey.txt txt = ./txt/cord-293186-yxpkqbey.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-302833-6kntd89t author = Radonovich, Lewis J. title = The Respiratory Protection Effectiveness Clinical Trial (ResPECT): a cluster-randomized comparison of respirator and medical mask effectiveness against respiratory infections in healthcare personnel date = 2016-06-02 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5090 sentences = 248 flesch = 39 summary = BACKGROUND: Although N95 filtering facepiece respirators and medical masks are commonly used for protection against respiratory infections in healthcare settings, more clinical evidence is needed to understand the optimal settings and exposure circumstances for healthcare personnel to use these devices. Healthcare personnel who work in outpatient settings will be cluster-randomized to wear N95 respirators or medical masks for protection against infections during respiratory virus season. Abbreviations ARI, acute respiratory illness; CDC, centers for disease control and prevention; DSMB, data safety monitoring board; HAI, hemagglutination inhibition antibody; HCP, healthcare personnel; ILI, influenza like illness; LCRI, Laboratory confirmed respiratory illness; MM, medical mask; N95, N95 respirator; NIOSH, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; OSHA, Occupational Safety and Health Administration; PPE, occupational protective equipment; ResPECT, respiratory protection effectiveness clinical trial; RPD, respiratory protective devices; RT-PCR, reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; US, United States. cache = ./cache/cord-302833-6kntd89t.txt txt = ./txt/cord-302833-6kntd89t.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-015359-gf32a6f1 author = nan title = B scientific sessions (SS) date = 2002 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 159591 sentences = 9768 flesch = 51 summary = Methods and materials: 73 consecutive patients, clinically considered to have stage 1B tumour (confined to the cervix), underwent MR imaging studies at 1 T, according to the following protocol: fast spin-echo (FSE) T2-weighted, gadoliniumenhanced SE Tl-weighted, and fat-suppressed gadolinium-enhanced SE Tlweighted sequences. Purpose: To describe the radiological (thin section CT) findings correlated to activity and remission in ANCA associated pulmonary-renal small vessel vasculitis (SVV) Material and methods: We used retrospective analysis of 37 CTs, 27 in disease activity (8 first manifestations, 19 relapses) 10 im remission of 17 patients with pulmorenal syndrome (9 Wegener, 4 microscopic polyangiitis-MPA, 3 Churg-Strauss-syndrome, 1 idiopathic crescentic glomerulonephritis following the Chapel Hill classification) 7 women, 10 men, median 65.5 years (34 -84). Varghese, P.R. Mueller; Boston, MA/US Purpose: We sought to determine the incidence of malignancy and to assess a possible role for image guided biopsy of this category of renal masses Materials & methods: Of the 397 renal biopsies performed at our institution between 1991 and 2000; a total of 28 patients with 28 category III lesions, were identified for analysis. cache = ./cache/cord-015359-gf32a6f1.txt txt = ./txt/cord-015359-gf32a6f1.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-306391-g7dhwogk author = Fernando, Shannon M. title = Diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill adult patients—a systematic review and meta-analysis date = 2020-04-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4464 sentences = 238 flesch = 36 summary = We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate diagnostic performance (including sensitivity and specificity) of these signs and tests, compared with either histopathology of lung tissue, or quantitative BAL cultures as reference standards. We included studies meeting the following criteria: 1) ≥ 90% adult patients (≥ 16 years); 2) conducted in the ICU; 3) included patients with ≥ 48 h of invasive mechanical ventilation; and 4) evaluated one or more of the following characteristics: fever (defined as body temperature ≥ 38 degrees Celsius), purulent secretions, leukocytosis (any threshold), chest radiography, gram stain, and/or culture from ETA (≥ 10 5 colony-forming units [CFU]/mL), PSB (≥ 10 3 CFU/mL), BAL (≥ 10 4 CFU/mL), or CPIS for diagnosis of VAP. In this meta-analysis, we found that physical examination findings (fever, purulent secretions), chest radiography, endotracheal aspirate cultures, bronchoscopic cultures, and Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS) have poor accuracy for diagnosing ventilator-associated pneumonia. cache = ./cache/cord-306391-g7dhwogk.txt txt = ./txt/cord-306391-g7dhwogk.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-307202-iz1bo218 author = Shaw, Dominick title = Asthma date = 2014-05-02 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 19168 sentences = 831 flesch = 37 summary = Current asthma management involves a step-up and step-down approach based on asthma control with a large degree of heterogeneity in responses to the main drug classes currently in use: β(2)-adrenergic receptor agonists, corticosteroids, and leukotriene modifiers. Human studies have identified elevated numbers of cells expressing IL13 mRNA in the bronchial tissue of atopic and nonatopic asthmatic subjects [50] ; administration of recombinant IL13 in mouse lungs resulted in an increase in airway mucus secretion, development of subepithelial fibrosis, airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR), and eosinophilic airway inflammation-that is, several key features of the human disease [51] . While methods of stratifying asthma patients to specific treatments based on nongenetic factors such as clinical outcomes, cellular measures, or protein biomarkers have shown some success, a large body of work has investigated the potential of genetic markers as predictors of patient responses to existing therapies, i.e., pharmacogenetics. cache = ./cache/cord-307202-iz1bo218.txt txt = ./txt/cord-307202-iz1bo218.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-308964-y18nru1d author = Couper, Keith title = COVID-19 in cardiac arrest and infection risk to rescuers: a systematic review date = 2020-04-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3365 sentences = 234 flesch = 46 summary = The aim of this review was to identify the potential risk of transmission 33 associated with key interventions (chest compressions, defibrillation, cardiopulmonary 34 resuscitation) to inform international treatment recommendations. The aim of this review was to identify the potential risk of transmission 33 associated with key interventions (chest compressions, defibrillation, cardiopulmonary 34 resuscitation) to inform international treatment recommendations. Methods: We undertook a systematic review comprising three questions: 1) aerosol 37 generation associated with key interventions; 2) risk of airborne infection transmission 38 associated with key interventions; and 3) the effect of different personal protective 39 equipment strategies. Methods: We undertook a systematic review comprising three questions: 1) aerosol 37 generation associated with key interventions; 2) risk of airborne infection transmission 38 associated with key interventions; and 3) the effect of different personal protective 39 equipment strategies. Our first two research questions examined the association between key resuscitation 99 interventions (chest compressions, defibrillation, CPR) and aerosol generation and airborne 100 transmission of infection. cache = ./cache/cord-308964-y18nru1d.txt txt = ./txt/cord-308964-y18nru1d.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-317344-wznzmssz author = Iannitti, T. title = Therapeutical use of probiotic formulations in clinical practice date = 2010-06-23 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 24517 sentences = 1157 flesch = 44 summary = Now we are going to report some of the several studies involving the use of probiotic formulations to evaluate their efficacy for the treatment of allergic diseases basing on their ability to change either the composition and/or the metabolic activities of the microbiota or modulate immune system reactivity in a way that benefits health. One hundred and sixteen patients with IBS fulfilling the Rome II criteria were randomized in a parallel group, double-blind study to receive a placebo or a probiotic combination (1  10 10 cfu) once daily for four weeks. This randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study aimed at determining the efficacy of a probiotic drink containing Lactobacillus for the prevention of any diarrhea associated with antibiotic use and caused by Clostridium difficile. cache = ./cache/cord-317344-wznzmssz.txt txt = ./txt/cord-317344-wznzmssz.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-307038-c58mzcu9 author = Shukla, Nagesh title = A Review of Models Used for Investigating Barriers to Healthcare Access in Australia date = 2020-06-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8790 sentences = 427 flesch = 42 summary = This review study is an attempt to understand the various modeling approaches used by researchers to analyze diverse barriers related to specific disease types and the various areal distributions in the country. The study introduced a multilevel approach to assess area-level variation in colorectal cancer survival due to causative factors (disease stage, comorbidity, patient characteristics and healthcare access) and analyze their individual contribution to survival. Most of the studies used the line-of-sight method to measure distances to dental care instead of determining travel time as they focused on metropolitan regions with a focus on using geospatial tools to identify accessibility [13, 16] . Current research practice is lacking in various domains ranging from spatial accessibility techniques to the consideration of patient characteristics and the analysis of different disease types as well as studies concerning only rural/remote areas. cache = ./cache/cord-307038-c58mzcu9.txt txt = ./txt/cord-307038-c58mzcu9.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-316126-j51dik7f author = Zhang, X. Sophie title = SARS-CoV-2 and Health Care Worker Protection in Low-Risk Settings: a Review of Modes of Transmission and a Novel Airborne Model Involving Inhalable Particles date = 2020-10-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 12434 sentences = 576 flesch = 42 summary = title: SARS-CoV-2 and Health Care Worker Protection in Low-Risk Settings: a Review of Modes of Transmission and a Novel Airborne Model Involving Inhalable Particles Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been intense debate over SARS-CoV-2's mode of transmission and appropriate personal protective equipment for health care workers in low-risk settings. This review attempts to summarize current cumulative data on SARS-CoV-2's modes of transmission and identify gaps in research while offering preliminary answers to the question on everyone's mind: is the airborne route significant and should we modify our COVID-19 PPE recommendations for frontline workers in low-risk settings? Given that substantial disagreement persists on the importance of natural aerosol generation by COVID-19 patients, and consequently, the necessary level of respiratory protection in non-AGP contexts, our review will focus on transmission and PPE in low-risk health care settings. cache = ./cache/cord-316126-j51dik7f.txt txt = ./txt/cord-316126-j51dik7f.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-316666-qif1k62t author = Ghati, Nirmal title = Atorvastatin and Aspirin as Adjuvant Therapy in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial date = 2020-10-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4394 sentences = 261 flesch = 45 summary = title: Atorvastatin and Aspirin as Adjuvant Therapy in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial Patients with a critical illness (WHO clinical improvement ordinal score > 5), documented significant liver disease/dysfunction (aspartate transaminase [AST] / alanine aminotransferase [ALT] > 240), myopathy and rhabdomyolysis (creatine phosphokinase [CPK] > 5x normal), allergy or intolerance to statins or aspirin, prior statin or aspirin use within 30 days, history of active gastrointestinal bleeding in past three months, coagulopathy, thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 100000/ dl), pregnancy, active breastfeeding, or inability to take oral or nasogastric medications will be excluded. INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR: In this study, the benefit and safety of atorvastatin (statin) and/or aspirin as adjuvant therapy will be compared with the control group receiving usual care for management of COVID-19. cache = ./cache/cord-316666-qif1k62t.txt txt = ./txt/cord-316666-qif1k62t.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-307758-a4sgt66g author = Hong, Ching-Ye title = Acute respiratory symptoms in adults in general practice date = 2004-06-17 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3927 sentences = 241 flesch = 56 summary = Community studies have shown that ∼30% of patients with acute respiratory tract symptoms have no identifiable infective aetiology. The purpose of this study was to determine the infective aetiology in patients who presented to primary care doctors with acute respiratory symptoms. Data collection was through interview using structured questionnaire, physical examination, throat swabs for bacterial culture and nasal swabs for virus identification by immunofluorescence (IF) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The main objective of our study was therefore to determine the aetiological cause in patients who presented with acute respiratory symptoms in nine primary care clinics in Singapore, using bacterial culture, IF and PCR. To our knowledge, this is the first practice-based study on the aetiological diagnosis of a large group of patients presenting with URTI in primary care clinics in Asia, using IF and PCR as identification methods. cache = ./cache/cord-307758-a4sgt66g.txt txt = ./txt/cord-307758-a4sgt66g.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-313616-81u4nidw author = Davis, G. S. title = Spatial and temporal analyses to investigate infectious disease transmission within healthcare settings date = 2014-04-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7436 sentences = 357 flesch = 31 summary = The use of similar techniques to create hospital maps, on which infection data can be displayed and analysed, could increase understanding of local transmission and risk, 11 and provide rapid dissemination of information through visualization. A systematic review of the literature on spatiotemporal examination of infectious diseases in healthcare settings between January 1961 and June 2013 was conducted using the following search terms: infection (e.g. HCAI, nosocomial, etc.); healthcare settings (e.g. hospital, intensive care, etc.); and time/space (e.g. spaceetime, spatial epidemiology, etc.). Many of these studies examined outbreaks 15e22 and evaluations of intervention strategies, 23e25 while others attempted to identify factors associated with potential nosocomial transmission (i.e. healthcare worker carriage, 26, 27 direct contact with cases, 28, 29 inadequate cleaning of medical equipment 30, 31 and the physical layout of hospital utilities 32, 33 ). An outbreak of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infection in a neonatal intensive care unit: investigation and control cache = ./cache/cord-313616-81u4nidw.txt txt = ./txt/cord-313616-81u4nidw.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-319504-jb455t9p author = Suess, Thorsten title = The role of facemasks and hand hygiene in the prevention of influenza transmission in households: results from a cluster randomised trial; Berlin, Germany, 2009-2011 date = 2012-01-26 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6952 sentences = 344 flesch = 50 summary = BACKGROUND: Previous controlled studies on the effect of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) namely the use of facemasks and intensified hand hygiene in preventing household transmission of influenza have not produced definitive results. When analysing only households where intervention was implemented within 36 h after symptom onset of the index case, secondary infection in the pooled M and MH groups was significantly lower compared to the control group (adjusted odds ratio 0.16, 95% CI, 0.03-0.92). Since 2006, the World Health Organisation (WHO) and other organisations have highlighted the need for controlled trials to assist in formulating recommendations on the use of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI)such as facemasks or hand hygiene measures -as options to prevent influenza transmission, particularly in households [1, 2] . In intention-to-treat analysis, none of the four household based trials was able to show significant reductions in secondary attack rates (SAR) when comparing intervention to control groups. cache = ./cache/cord-319504-jb455t9p.txt txt = ./txt/cord-319504-jb455t9p.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-300465-19euup51 author = Paniagua-Avila, Alejandra title = Evaluating a multicomponent program to improve hypertension control in Guatemala: study protocol for an effectiveness-implementation cluster randomized trial date = 2020-06-09 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4892 sentences = 259 flesch = 40 summary = This study will generate urgently needed data on effective, adoptable, and sustainable interventions and implementation strategies to improve hypertension control in Guatemala and other LMICs. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03504124. Specifically, these strategies include team-based care, health coaching sessions, home-based blood pressure (BP) monitoring, clinical decision support, BP audit and feedback, and training of healthcare providers. This study is an implementation-effectiveness, hybrid, type 2, cluster randomized control trial that will evaluate a multilevel and multicomponent hypertension control program within the Guatemalan primary care system [17] . The multicomponent program includes a protocol-based hypertension treatment and five implementation strategies: team-based collaborative care, health provider education, health coaching sessions, home blood pressure monitoring, and blood pressure audit and feedback. The overarching aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and implementation outcomes of a hypertension control multicomponent program within the first and second levels of care in Guatemala, compared to usual care. cache = ./cache/cord-300465-19euup51.txt txt = ./txt/cord-300465-19euup51.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-318209-llucxztc author = Öztürk, Selçuk title = Therapeutic Applications of Stem Cells and Extracellular Vesicles in Emergency Care: Futuristic Perspectives date = 2020-08-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 13633 sentences = 610 flesch = 35 summary = A phase-1 clinical trial investigating autologous BM-derived mononuclear cell (BM-MNC) infusion in pediatric TBI patients indicated that Fig. 1 Main pathological conditions requiring acute emergency care that can benefit from stem cell therapies or extracellular vesicle therapies in the future harvesting and infusion of stem cells is safe in children with no infusion related toxicity or death [30] . The regenerative potential of various types of stem cells, with different sources, dosages, delivery routes, application times and end-points has been investigated in preclinical animal models and human clinical trials with the expectation that these cells would successfully engraft into the damaged brain tissue, differentiate into functional neuronal and vascular system cells and promote full recovery after stroke. A recently published systematic review of 76 studies testing stem cells in rodent ischemic stroke models and 4 randomized human clinical trials encompassing ischemic stroke patients treated with autologous stem cells with at least one year follow-up period demonstrated that stem cell therapies show beneficial effects in terms of behavior and histological outcomes in rodents. cache = ./cache/cord-318209-llucxztc.txt txt = ./txt/cord-318209-llucxztc.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-303187-ny4qr2a2 author = Belo, Vinícius Silva title = Abundance, survival, recruitment and effectiveness of sterilization of free-roaming dogs: A capture and recapture study in Brazil date = 2017-11-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7691 sentences = 410 flesch = 44 summary = Despite the perceived need and usefulness of such parameter estimates and recommendations for the most appropriate approaches applicable under such study designs [30] , survival and recruitment estimates of free-ranging dogs had not been obtained using methods of capture and recapture. In this study, we present estimates of abundance, survival and recruitment rates, and the probabilities of capture of two free-roaming dog populations by means of analytical models for open populations, so far unexplored in previous studies. We estimated critical parameters (survival, recruitment and abundance) that describe the population dynamics of free-roaming dogs based on a capture and recapture study design and on models suitable for open populations. Our study demonstrated the increase in population size in both areas, the predominance and greater recruitment of males, the temporal variability in recruitment and in survival probabilities, the lack of effect of sterilization on population dynamics, the influence of abandon and of density-independent factors and a high demographic turnover. cache = ./cache/cord-303187-ny4qr2a2.txt txt = ./txt/cord-303187-ny4qr2a2.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-318092-errwp80i author = Ren, L. title = Assessment of Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine Safety Profiles: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis date = 2020-05-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5938 sentences = 371 flesch = 58 summary = Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), EMBASE, and the ClinicalTrials.gov for all the RCTs comparing CQ or HCQ with placebo or other active agents, published before March 31, 2020. Our objective was to identify all randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that compared the safety profiles of chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine with placebo or other active agents. This review was not restricted to studies conducted in the English language; it includes reports from any countries that compared CQ or HCQ with placebo or other active agents, since there is a wealth of information in RCTs from many different countries. Together, these stratified data provide ample information regarding the percentage of participants who experienced specific AEs. Subgroup meta-analysis for CQ and HCQ with respect to age, duration, and dosage. For HCQ, there was no evidence that age, duration of trial, or dosage affected total AEs. Further meta-regression analyses can be found in Supplementary Figure 1 . cache = ./cache/cord-318092-errwp80i.txt txt = ./txt/cord-318092-errwp80i.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-301143-o12we0uw author = Andualem, Atsedemariam title = Adherence to Lifestyle Modifications and Associated Factors Among Adult Hypertensive Patients Attending Chronic Follow-Up Units of Dessie Referral Hospital, North East Ethiopia, 2020 date = 2020-10-23 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6067 sentences = 310 flesch = 45 summary = title: Adherence to Lifestyle Modifications and Associated Factors Among Adult Hypertensive Patients Attending Chronic Follow-Up Units of Dessie Referral Hospital, North East Ethiopia, 2020 Adherence to recommended lifestyle modification can be affected by demographic factors; patients' level of monthly income, educational level, age, co-morbidity, knowledge about the disease, self-efficacy, social support, smoking, obesity, harmful use of alcohol and sedentary lifestyle, continuity of health education and counseling as well as motivation. Therefore this study aimed to assess adherence to lifestyle modifications and associated factors among hypertensive patients attending chronic follow-up units of Dessie referral hospital. This study aimed to investigate adherence to recommended lifestyle modifications and associated factors among hypertensive patients attending chronic follow-up units of Dessie referral hospital, North East Ethiopia. Adherence to recommended lifestyle modifications and factors associated for hypertensive patients attending chronic follow-up units of selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa cache = ./cache/cord-301143-o12we0uw.txt txt = ./txt/cord-301143-o12we0uw.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-015394-uj7fe5y6 author = nan title = Scientific Abstracts date = 2008-12-23 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 242330 sentences = 15267 flesch = 52 summary = Studies involving immunohistochemical analysis of normal ovaries have shown that granulosa cells express significantly higher levels of the activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factor, cFos compared to theca cells, where cFos expression is virtually absent. Following acute hypoxia (0.5% O2) for one to six hours, RhoA mRNA, total protein and activation (RhoA-GTP) levels were analysed, using semi-quantitative PCRs and western blot, and compared to normoxic non-pregnant human uterine smooth muscle control cells. Since there is an urgent need for non-invasive methods for determination of fetal (F) and placental (P) function, this study was designed to evaluate the genes differently and commonly expressed in P tissue and leukocytes in maternal (M) and F circulation.Material and Methods. The current study: 1) localized IL-6 mRNA levels in preeclamptic versus normal decidual sections; 2) evaluated mechanisms regulating IL-6 synthesis by targeting intracellular signaling pathways with specific inhibitors; 3) identified potential IL-6 targets by immunolocalizing the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) to specific cell types in placental bed biopsies. cache = ./cache/cord-015394-uj7fe5y6.txt txt = ./txt/cord-015394-uj7fe5y6.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-314908-kp2jznwb author = Roczniewska, Marta title = I believe I can craft! introducing Job Crafting Self-Efficacy Scale (JCSES) date = 2020-08-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9293 sentences = 532 flesch = 53 summary = To better predict these behaviors, we introduce the concept of job crafting self-efficacy (JCSE) and define it as an individual's beliefs about their capability to modify the demands and resources of their job to better fit their needs. In this project we integrate Social Cognitive Theory and the Job Demands-Resources model [6, 7] to introduce the concept of job crafting self-efficacy (JCSE). Based on the assumptions of Social Cognitive Theory, we also expect that these specific beliefs predict matching job-crafting behaviors, for example, individuals who feel self-efficacious with respect to increasing challenging job demands are more likely to start new projects or learn about new developments at work and try them out. cache = ./cache/cord-314908-kp2jznwb.txt txt = ./txt/cord-314908-kp2jznwb.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-301805-sb0ij8k7 author = Fuentes, Blanca title = Glycemic variability: prognostic impact on acute ischemic stroke and the impact of corrective treatment for hyperglycemia. The GLIAS-III translational study date = 2020-11-04 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3834 sentences = 235 flesch = 44 summary = METHODS: This translational study consists of two studies conducted in parallel: The first study is an observational, multicenter, prospective clinical study in which 340 patients with acute IS will be subcutaneously implanted a sensor to continuously monitor blood glucose levels for 96 h. DISCUSSION: The GLIAS-III study will be the first translational approach analyzing the prognostic influence of GV, evaluated by the use of subcutaneous glucose monitors, in acute stroke. We hypothesized that GV, assessable by means of continuous subcutaneous monitoring devices, could act as a powerful prognostic predictor of mortality, possibly higher than assessment of mean or maximum blood glucose levels and that the different treatment regimens used in routine clinical practice could modify glycemic variability. No laboratory data other than HbA1c will be collected for Discussion: The GLIAS-III study will be the first translational approach analyzing the prognostic influence of GV, evaluated by the use of subcutaneous glucose monitors, in acute stroke. cache = ./cache/cord-301805-sb0ij8k7.txt txt = ./txt/cord-301805-sb0ij8k7.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-313783-cfcfiyju author = Pinna, Fábio de Rezende title = Olfaction and COVID: The little we Know and what else we need to know date = 2020-06-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 857 sentences = 56 flesch = 53 summary = Recently, there have been numerous reports in the media that anosmia occurs in patients who have contracted coronavirus disease 2019 by exposure to the SARS-COV-02 virus. Another study from Europe hypothesized that olfactory disturbances could be highly associated with mild or moderate cases, even with a small sample size. [1] [2] [3] [4] Future studies should clarify whether this chemosensory loss differs according to COVID-19 severity or hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients. Regarding pathophysiology, the severe inflammation due to virus infection still needs better understanding, and maybe autopsies of patients who died could compare tissue damage between the olfactory epithelium and the bulb. This may be the underlying mechanism for reported cases of smell dysfunction in patients with COVID 19. Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions as a clinical presentation of mild-tomoderate forms of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a multicenter European study Association of chemosensory dysfunction and Covid-19 in patients presenting with influenza-like symptoms cache = ./cache/cord-313783-cfcfiyju.txt txt = ./txt/cord-313783-cfcfiyju.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-320976-y47p1c15 author = Madhwal, Sandeep title = Ambient bioaerosol distribution and associated health risks at a high traffic density junction at Dehradun city, India date = 2020-02-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6036 sentences = 330 flesch = 46 summary = An airborne bioaerosol assessment study was carried out at a high traffic density junction focusing on their concentration, contribution in respirable particulate matter (PM), and factors influencing the distribution and microbial diversity. The objectives of the study were to (i) investigate the temporal variation of cultivable airborne fungal and bacterial aerosols, (ii) understand the bioaerosol size distribution and their percentage contribution to PM, and (iii) characterize the microbial diversity at the study site. Again, this explanation is supported by the statistically significant correlation observed between bioaerosol concentrations and vehicle count during the study period (r = 0.81 and 0.73 for bacteria and fungi, respectively) (p < 0.05). Further, both bacterial and fungal bioaerosols showed no significant relationship (p > 0.05) with the rest of the meteorological variables (i.e., wind speed, solar radiation, and PBLH) suggesting that their distribution at the study site is chiefly affected by nonmeteorological factors. cache = ./cache/cord-320976-y47p1c15.txt txt = ./txt/cord-320976-y47p1c15.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-319323-1qt7vf59 author = Chakraborty, Amartya title = Around the world in 60 days: an exploratory study of impact of COVID-19 on online global news sentiment date = 2020-10-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7868 sentences = 326 flesch = 51 summary = The proposed work takes up the challenge of mining a comprehensive set of online news texts, for determining the prevailing sentiment in the context of the ongoing pandemic, along with a statistical analysis of the relation between actual effect of COVID-19 and online news sentiment. The current work statistically determines how and after what amount of delay, the number of affected patients, and number of deaths due to COVID-19, impacts the news sentiment in regional and world-wide news, -The authors also analyze other relevant factors that contribute to rise or fall of global news sentiment related to particular countries. A visual analysis of these images reveals how the observations are generally applicable throughout the data from different countries; that is, whether the global news sentiment about a country is actually affected by the daily trends in number of new cases or deaths. cache = ./cache/cord-319323-1qt7vf59.txt txt = ./txt/cord-319323-1qt7vf59.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-015354-yknwveyz author = nan title = Abstracts_Poster presentations date = 2007-09-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 221428 sentences = 13119 flesch = 54 summary = Material and Methods: Fourteen individuals (mean age 47±19y range 21-75y; 4W, 10M; including 10 volunteers and 4 patients with angiographically proved CAD) underwent dynamic PET imaging studies (21 frames) at rest and during adenosine stress (0.14mg/kg/min for 6 min) after injection of 1100MBq of 82Rb (Discovery LS, GEMS). Methods:Twenty-nine patients (21 males,8 females;62±11 yrs) with recent AMI were studied.Within 6 days after AMI, the patients were performed Tl-201 R-RD perfusion SPECT using 4 mCi activity.CMR was carried out 5-20 minutes after 0,15 mmol/kg of iv.Gadobutrol injection.Myocardial perfusion and contrast enhancement was analyzed using a 17 segment model.Myocardial perfusion was scored in Tl-201 SPECT as follows:0=normal (70%-100% maximal myocardial activity(mma), 1= 69-50% mma, 2= 49-30% mma ,3=29-10% mma and 4=<10% mma ;Myocardial contrast enhancement on CMR images was graded as:0=no contrast enhancement, 1=hyperenhancement of 0-25% of the wall thickness(WT) 2=hyperenhancement of 26-50 % of the WT, 3=hyperenhancement of 51-75 % of WT and 4=hyperenhancement of 76-100 % of WT.In CMR the existence of microvascular obstruction(MO) was also evaluated.Total segment scores(TSS) in R,RD and CMR for each patient were calculated by summing of 17 segment score values. cache = ./cache/cord-015354-yknwveyz.txt txt = ./txt/cord-015354-yknwveyz.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-320931-2ycf6qd8 author = Harnett, Joanna title = The effects of Sambucus nigra berry on acute respiratory viral infections: a rapid review of clinical studies date = 2020-08-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1772 sentences = 108 flesch = 52 summary = The evidence included in this review is mostly derived from clinical studies involving adult participants and examining short-term use of commercial formulations of S.nigra berry for up to 16 days. Findings from included studies suggest that mono-herbal preparations of S.nigra berry (in extract or lozenge formulation) may reduce influenza-type symptoms, including fever, headache, nasal congestion and nasal mucous discharge in adults, when taken within the first 48 hours of symptom onset. Evidence regarding the effectiveness of S.nigra berry on the symptom of cough, and need for / use of medicines (including antibiotics) to treat acute respiratory infections, is currently unclear and inconsistent. Overall, the evidence obtained from the five studies included in this review involving 936 people suggests that mono-herbal preparations of S.nigra berry when taken close to the onset of symptoms and for up to two weeks, may assist in relieving the symptoms of the common cold and influenza. cache = ./cache/cord-320931-2ycf6qd8.txt txt = ./txt/cord-320931-2ycf6qd8.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-310027-846vp7ii author = Ma, Lin-Lu title = Coronavirus Disease 2019 Related Clinical Studies: A Cross-Sectional Analysis date = 2020-09-02 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4246 sentences = 245 flesch = 49 summary = METHODS: We did an electronic search of COVID-19 related clinical studies registered between December 1, 2019 and February 21, 2020 (updated to May 28, 2020) from the ClinicalTrials.gov, and collected registration information, study details, recruitment status, characteristics of the subjects, and relevant information about the trial implementation process. We extracted the following information from registered studies: registration number, registration date, registration title, primary sponsor, funding source, study type, study phase, study objectives, study design, length of the study, intervention, countries of recruitment and research settings, recruiting status, allocation, sample size, participant age, gender, masking, the time and method of sharing individual participant data (IPD), data management committee. Among the 943 interventional studies, 416 studies (44.1%) explored the effectiveness and/or safety of drugs commonly used in preventing and treating COVID-19, such as hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), chloroquine (CQ), immunotherapy (including stem cell therapy, monoclonal antibody, immunoregulation), lopinavir/ritonavir, glucocorticoids, interferon, targeted therapy (Baricitinib, Ruxolitinib, Imatinib), favipiravir, and Remdesivir. cache = ./cache/cord-310027-846vp7ii.txt txt = ./txt/cord-310027-846vp7ii.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-315149-71bmj5il author = Caballero Bermejo, Antonio F. title = Sarilumab versus standard of care for the early treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia in hospitalized patients: SARTRE: a structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial date = 2020-09-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 11227 sentences = 612 flesch = 45 summary = The aim of the present study is to evaluate if an earlier therapeutic intervention with sarilumab plus SOC (including corticosteroids) may be more effective than current standard of care alone, in preventing progression to respiratory failure in COVID-19 infected patients with interstitial pneumonia. The aim of the present study is to evaluate if an earlier therapeutic intervention with sarilumab plus SOC may be more effective than current standard of care alone, which according to our local protocol includes weight adjusted corticosteroids doses, in preventing progression to respiratory failure in COVID-19 infected patients with interstitial pneumonia. Patients randomized to the control arm (CS + SOC group without sarilumab) progressing to severe respiratory failure fulfilling criteria for treatment with anti-IL6 inhibitors according to clinical practice guidelines, as defined by the presence of Brescia-COVID SARTRE STUDY EudraCT Number: 2020-002037-15 Version 2.0 (May 05th 2020) Scale 2-3 plus inflammatory markers, will be offered the option to be rescued with sarilumab at the same doses and be included in an open-label follow-up phase. cache = ./cache/cord-315149-71bmj5il.txt txt = ./txt/cord-315149-71bmj5il.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-316746-toen5nvr author = Alves, F. title = Canine parvovirus: a predicting canine model for sepsis date = 2020-06-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6205 sentences = 320 flesch = 46 summary = The possibility of stratifying and classifying septic dogs was assessed using a proposed animal adapted PIRO (Predisposition, Infection, Response and Organ dysfunction) scoring system. RESULTS: The 72 dogs enrolled in this study were scored for each of the PIRO elements, except for Infection, as all were considered to have the same infection score, and subjected to two sets of SIRS criteria, in order to measure their correlation with the outcome. The main objective of the current study was to assess the prognostic value of the presenting vital signs as well as to evaluate the possibility of stratifying and classifying septic animals according to a proposed PIRO classification system, using parvovirus infection as a natural model for sepsis study [10] . Table 1 gathers all leucocyte counts, a selection of clinical examination parameters (Temperature, Heart Rate and Respiratory Rate), all individual variables of PIRO (P=Predisposition, I=Infection, R = Response, O=Organ Dysfunction), the total PIRO score and both SIRS criteria for survivors and non-survivors dogs. cache = ./cache/cord-316746-toen5nvr.txt txt = ./txt/cord-316746-toen5nvr.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-311260-eyvaazfj author = Rao, Ghanta N. title = Refinement of long-term toxicity and carcinogenesis studies() date = 2004-09-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4465 sentences = 227 flesch = 44 summary = journal: Fundam Appl Toxicol We must continue to strive to find species and strains that can metabolize chemicals similar to humans, are small enough to be housed in large numbers, and have low prevalence of spontaneous lesions with sufficient life span to express the toxic and carcinogenic potential of chemicals. We must continue to strive to find species and strains that can metabolize chemicals similar to humans, are small enough to be housed in large numbers, and have low prevalence of spontaneous lesions with sufficient life span to express the toxic and carcinogenic potential of chemicals. However, viral infections were associated with nonneoplastic lesions in lungs, nasal cavity, liver, and other organs of rats and mice and may complicate the identification and interpretation of toxic effects of chemicals (NTP, unpublished data). cache = ./cache/cord-311260-eyvaazfj.txt txt = ./txt/cord-311260-eyvaazfj.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-319642-ceur0n0b author = Hamdan Alshehri, Hanan title = Factors influencing the integration of a palliative approach in intensive care units: a systematic mixed-methods review date = 2020-07-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5710 sentences = 318 flesch = 41 summary = RESULTS: Four key prerequisite factors were identified: (a) organizational structure in facilitating policies, unappropriated resources, multi-disciplinary team involvement, and knowledge and skills; (b) work environment, including physical and psychosocial factors; (c) interpersonal factors/barriers, including family and patients' involvement in communication and participation; and (d) decision-making, e.g., decision and transition, goal conflict, multidisciplinary team communication, and prognostication. In general, a palliative approach aims to relieve suffering for patients with life-limiting conditions and for those who are dying and to manage symptoms, increase the level of care comfort and provide support to family members [8, 9] . Hence, there is a need to synthesize the findings of quantitative and qualitative research studies on the factors (facilitators and barriers) influencing a palliative approach in the ICU from the perspective of allied health professionals. Four types of influencing factors were identified: (1) organizational structures, (2) working environment, (3) patient and family involvement, and (4) palliative care decision-making. cache = ./cache/cord-319642-ceur0n0b.txt txt = ./txt/cord-319642-ceur0n0b.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-327460-wvd8hnfi author = van der Watt, A. S. J. title = Distant mood monitoring for depressive and bipolar disorders: a systematic review date = 2020-07-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5676 sentences = 331 flesch = 45 summary = METHODS: This systematic review synthesises quantitative and qualitative evidence of the effectiveness and feasibility of daily/weekly/monthly remote mood monitoring that includes distant support in participants with mood disorders. A systematic review of the validity of electronic self-monitoring of mood using information technology (IT) platforms in adults with bipolar disorder found evidence of their validity when compared to clinical rating scales for depression [9] . We synthesised quantitative and qualitative evidence on the effectiveness and feasibility of daily/weekly/monthly remote mood monitoring in participants with any mood disorder (as defined above) by clinicians, lay counsellors, and researchers (hereafter referred to as distant supporters), or where regular feedback was provided by distant supporters in cases where mood states were selfassessed. All quantitative studies were included as well as studies that qualitatively assessed participants' perceived effectiveness, feasibility, and acceptability of distant mood monitoring offered by distant supporters. cache = ./cache/cord-327460-wvd8hnfi.txt txt = ./txt/cord-327460-wvd8hnfi.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-303300-89v1weno author = Sauter, Marian title = Building, Hosting and Recruiting: A Brief Introduction to Running Behavioral Experiments Online date = 2020-04-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5293 sentences = 304 flesch = 48 summary = The critical procedural pillars of any behavioral study are: (1) programming an experiment in the preferred software (e.g., E-prime, PsychoPy, PsychToolbox, etc.); (2) setting-up the testing machine (e.g., lab-computer, multi-unit testing facility, etc.) and (3) recruiting participants to conduct the study. In comparison to the hegemony of Java, Python, C++ and MATLAB libraries for experimental programming of lab-based studies, Javascript (JS) is the language of choice for online experiments. In comparison to the hegemony of Java, Python, C++ and MATLAB libraries for experimental programming of lab-based studies, Javascript (JS) is the language of choice for online experiments. Generally speaking, what researchers need for online experimentation is the same as what they need for lab-based studies (Figure 1) : (1) a programmed experiment, (2) a server to host the study and (3) a recruiting platform which advertises to participants. The Timing Mega-Study: Comparing a Range of Experiment Generators, Both Lab-Based and Online cache = ./cache/cord-303300-89v1weno.txt txt = ./txt/cord-303300-89v1weno.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-321697-yua3apfi author = Crigna, Adriana Torres title = Cell-free nucleic acid patterns in disease prediction and monitoring—hype or hope? date = 2020-10-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 10892 sentences = 608 flesch = 40 summary = This article highlights the involvement of circulating CFNAs in local and systemic processes dealing with the question, whether specific patterns of CFNAs in blood, their detection, quantity and quality (such as their methylation status) might be instrumental to predict a disease development/progression and could be further utilised for accompanying diagnostics, targeted prevention, creation of individualised therapy algorithms, therapy monitoring and prognosis. Especially severe, prolonged and/ or chronic stress of any origin such as exercise-induced oxidative stress [22] (see "Physical activity and exercise-induced oxidative stress" section), hormonal stress [23] , emotional stress and psychological burden [24] [25] [26] [27] as well as metabolic stress, e.g. in diabetes mellitus [28, 29] (see also below "Association between diabetes mellitus and carcinogenesis: diagnostic and therapeutic potential of cell-free nucleic acids" section) and hyperhomocysteinaemia [30, 31] amongst others, is associated with highly increased ROS production and insufficient repair capacity-both linked to oxidative damage of mitochondria and consequent mitochondrial dysfunction leading to the development of cardiovascular impairments [32] [33] [34] , neuro/degenerative pathologies [34] [35] [36] [37] , impaired healing [34] and malignant cell transformation [34, [38] [39] [40] [41] [42] . cache = ./cache/cord-321697-yua3apfi.txt txt = ./txt/cord-321697-yua3apfi.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-314288-6vh7dvad author = Leibovici, L. title = Submissions and publications in Corona times date = 2020-05-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1094 sentences = 67 flesch = 58 summary = In times of the COVID-19 pandemic we struggle at CMI between the urge to bring data to the readers as soon as possible and the necessity to publish trustworthy, robust material. Letters to the Editor: Under this format we publish interesting case reports and case series; and as expected we received many letters describing one (or a few) patients with presentations of COVID-19 that had not been described before. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of small observational studies, with ingrained biases, are not helpful. Observational studies: Now we have a good idea from published studies on the clinical course of COVID-19, and further descriptions of small groups of patients have little to add. Several studies have already been published on risk factors for symptomatic disease, severe disease and death in patients affected by the virus. Considering our readers, we publish studies on diagnostics only if tested on clinical samples, and preferably in clinical situations [6] . cache = ./cache/cord-314288-6vh7dvad.txt txt = ./txt/cord-314288-6vh7dvad.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-320091-2lrqubdl author = Badawi, Alaa title = Prevalence of chronic comorbidities in dengue fever and West Nile virus: A systematic review and meta-analysis date = 2018-07-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8511 sentences = 411 flesch = 46 summary = The objective of this study is to systematically review the existing literature on the prevalence of the most common non-communicable comorbidities related to the cluster of metabolic syndromes-associated diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, heart diseases, hypertension, asthma, stroke and obesity in flavivirus infections and to evaluate the difference of their prevalence in severe vs. Data extracted from the selected studies in duplicate by two reviewers and included the first author's name, publication date, country, dates of recruitment, total sample size (divided to males and females), age estimates (from reported mean, median or the mid-point for age range of the highest subject frequency), procedures for case identification, type of flavivirus infection, severity of infection, prevalence of clinical manifestations (mild symptoms such as fever, headache, muscle pain, rash, and malaise together with severe symptoms as described below) and percentage of comorbidities including diabetes (both type I and type II, if mentioned), hypertension, heart diseases (due to the small sample size of individual conditions, we (Table 1) . cache = ./cache/cord-320091-2lrqubdl.txt txt = ./txt/cord-320091-2lrqubdl.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-318753-ribybqfo author = Kwok, C. S. title = Influenza, influenza‐like symptoms and their association with cardiovascular risks: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies date = 2015-05-04 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4084 sentences = 204 flesch = 41 summary = The quality of included studies was evaluated using a risk of bias assessment including: ascertainment of exposure to influenza, ascertainment of selected cardiovascular outcomes and adjustments for potential confounders. We stratified the main analysis based on the measures of ascertaining influenza (e.g. laboratory serology tests or based on clinical presentation suggesting influenza-like illness) and use of adjustments to account for potential confounders. Our findings suggest that exposure to influenzalike illnesses may be associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events, hence measures such as influenza vaccination should be supported in line with current recommendations, particularly among patients who are at risk of CVDs. The definition of influenza varied among studies in the current analysis since both serological tests and clinical assessments were used. We have observed that influenza-like illness defined by clinical features, which may be caused by both influenza and other viral infections such as those highlighted above are associated with an increased risk of MI. cache = ./cache/cord-318753-ribybqfo.txt txt = ./txt/cord-318753-ribybqfo.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-327607-g0jtrwot author = Weinberg, Marc Scott title = Clinical Trials and Tribulations in the COVID-19 Era date = 2020-05-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4312 sentences = 169 flesch = 39 summary = Here we describe novel approaches and work-flow adaptations to study visits, drug delivery and interim and endpoint safety and outcomes assessments to avoid sacrificing years of preparation and substantial financial investments, to work in the best interest of participants and their caregivers, and to continue on the path towards discovering disease-modifying treatments for the millions of individuals impacted by major neurocognitive disorders. Here we describe novel approaches and work-flow adaptations to study visits, drug delivery and interim and endpoint safety and outcomes assessments to avoid sacrificing years of preparation and substantial financial investments, to work in the best interest of participants and their caregivers, and to continue on the path towards discovering disease-modifying treatments for the millions of individuals impacted by major neurocognitive disorders. While some of the same challenges limiting safety / biomarker visits also apply to in-person clinical and cognitive scale administration, there is already a literature base providing at least provisional support for the validity and reliability of performing assessments via tele-neuropsychology (TeleNP), including in older adults (e.g., [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] . cache = ./cache/cord-327607-g0jtrwot.txt txt = ./txt/cord-327607-g0jtrwot.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-314449-ukqux772 author = Curtis, L.T. title = Prevention of hospital-acquired infections: review of non-pharmacological interventions date = 2008-06-02 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8994 sentences = 522 flesch = 40 summary = Interventions such as proper hand and surface cleaning, better nutrition, sufficient numbers of nurses, better ventilator management, use of coated urinary and central venous catheters and use of high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters have all been associated with significantly lower nosocomial infection rates. This review is not exhaustive and will not attempt mathematical data analysis but will examine recent research that examines non-pharmacological interventions for reducing HAIs. It will also include a brief description of the morbidity, mortality and medical costs associated with nosocomial infections, along with a brief discussion of the routes by which HAIs spread. Many terms were used in the literature searches including nosocomial, hospital acquired, MRSA (meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), staphyloccoccus, streptococcus, VRE (vancomycinresistant enterococcus), Clostridium difficile, legionella, klebsiella, tuberculosis, airborne infection, waterborne infection, hand washing, hospital cleaning, urinary catheters, central catheters, haemodialysis, ultraviolet light, HEPA (high-efficiency particulate air) filtration and many others. cache = ./cache/cord-314449-ukqux772.txt txt = ./txt/cord-314449-ukqux772.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-320851-zhf8jdcl author = Patil, Satish title = Phosphonooxymethyl Prodrug of Triptolide: Synthesis, Physicochemical Characterization, and Efficacy in Human Colon Adenocarcinoma and Ovarian Cancer Xenografts date = 2015-11-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7684 sentences = 433 flesch = 53 summary = title: Phosphonooxymethyl Prodrug of Triptolide: Synthesis, Physicochemical Characterization, and Efficacy in Human Colon Adenocarcinoma and Ovarian Cancer Xenografts In a mouse model of human colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29), the prodrug administered intraperitoneally was effective in reducing or eliminating xenograft tumors at dose levels as low as 0.3 mg/kg when given daily and at 0.9 mg/kg when given less frequently. A nontoxic, water-soluble, chemically stable, and patentable prodrug approach would be a viable option to overcome some of the physicochemical limitations of triptolide for the clinical development of this natural product. Therefore, the prerequisites for a novel prodrug strategy of triptolide were three-fold: enhanced aqueous solubility, chemical stability, and fast, complete bioconversion in vivo. 46−49 We are now describing an improved synthesis for 4, its physicochemical characterization, and its pharmacodynamic evaluation in human colon adenocarcinoma and ovarian cancer xenografts via intraperitoneal and oral routes and using less frequent dosing schedules than employed in previous studies. cache = ./cache/cord-320851-zhf8jdcl.txt txt = ./txt/cord-320851-zhf8jdcl.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-318063-bainw3d6 author = Haque, Mainul title = Health care-associated infections – an overview date = 2018-11-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8255 sentences = 534 flesch = 43 summary = Several studies suggest that simple infection-control procedures such as cleaning hands with an alcohol-based hand rub can help prevent HCAIs and save lives, reduce morbidity, and minimize health care costs. Health care-associated infections and prevention strategy About 68.6% of all bacterial isolates were resistant to cefuroxime used in the management of orthopedic SSIs. This study also found that diabetes mellitus, smoking, operations lasting more than 3 hours, the absence of antibiotic prophylaxis, and a history of previous surgery were positive risk factors associated with a significant upsurge in SSIs. 87 SSIs comprise at least 14%-22.2% of all HCAIs for abdominal surgery [88] [89] [90] and often lead to extended hospitalization and higher antimicrobial costs. Prevalence, incidence burden, and clinical impact of healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial resistance: a national prevalent cohort study in acute care hospitals in Greece cache = ./cache/cord-318063-bainw3d6.txt txt = ./txt/cord-318063-bainw3d6.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-318342-eipscagh author = Chen, Juan title = The Impact of COVID-19 on Blood Glucose: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis date = 2020-10-05 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3598 sentences = 205 flesch = 48 summary = Results: Three studies reported blood glucose and HbA1c according to the severity of COVID-19 and were included in this meta-analysis. It remains unclear regarding the effect of severity of COVID-19 infection on glycemic parameters, including blood glucose and glycated haemoglobinA1c (HbA1c). Finally, three papers were included in the meta-analysis that evaluated blood glucose and/or HbA1c levels according to the severity of COVID-19 (17) (18) (19) . The z-test result for overall effects was statistically significant (P < 0.001), indicating a significantly greater elevation in blood glucose in patients with severe COVID-19 infection than those in the mild group. In the present meta-analysis, we found that blood glucose was significantly higher in patients with severe COVID-19 than those with mild COVID-19 (WMD 2.21, 95% CI: 1.30-3.13, P < 0.001, I 2 = 0%). cache = ./cache/cord-318342-eipscagh.txt txt = ./txt/cord-318342-eipscagh.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-324006-y4bd38zz author = Rishu, Asgar H. title = Time required to initiate outbreak and pandemic observational research()() date = 2017-03-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2771 sentences = 123 flesch = 39 summary = MATERIALS AND METHODS: At 1 pediatric and 5 adult intensive care units, we measured durations from protocol receipt to a variety of outbreak research milestones, including research ethics board (REB) approval, data sharing agreement (DSA) execution, and patient study screening initiation. Severe acute respiratory syndrome [5] ; pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009-2010 [6] ; and, more recently, Ebola virus [7] , MERS-CoV [8] , and Zika virus have been characterized by challenges initiating observational research and a near inability to rapidly undertake interventional trials necessary to inform best practice and improve care of patients [9] [10] [11] . However, conducting studies and trials involves time-consuming start-up steps such as development of study protocol, establishing a budget and obtaining funding, research ethics board (REB) approval, organizing multisite collaboration, and data sharing agreements. cache = ./cache/cord-324006-y4bd38zz.txt txt = ./txt/cord-324006-y4bd38zz.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-323463-osf6t7cw author = Cercenado, Emilia title = Update on bacterial pathogens: virulence and resistance date = 2008-04-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 15021 sentences = 679 flesch = 42 summary = This paper focus on a variety of diseases that pose major clinical and public health challenges today; and include infections produced by community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and S. Although predictions during the 20th century indicated that the incidence of infectious diseases would diminish as a result of improvements in sanitation and by the introduction of many vaccines and antibiotics, at the beginning of the 21st century the rates of infections produced by new pathogens or by reemerging microorganisms possessing new virulence or resistance phenotypes is increasing, threatening the overall human health [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] . It is in this scenario where community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) has emerged as the most common pathogen isolated from patients with skin and soft-tissue infections attending to the emergency departments in many United States and Australian cities 8, 9 , and at present, its incidence is increasing in other parts of the world 10, 11 . cache = ./cache/cord-323463-osf6t7cw.txt txt = ./txt/cord-323463-osf6t7cw.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-324859-0yuhb5dl author = Mulchandani, Rubina title = Deciphering the COVID‐19 cytokine storm: Systematic review and meta‐analysis date = 2020-11-02 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6715 sentences = 343 flesch = 46 summary = In this context, we sought to undertake a systematic review and meta-analysis of available evidence to understand the pattern of host immune response in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and how the levels of inflammatory and immunological markers vary according to the severity or stage of the disease. To understand the pattern of host immune response and summarize evidence for the difference in the levels of immunological and inflammatory biomarkers associated with cytokine storm, between COVID-19 patient groups of varying disease severity. Studies measuring the immunological and inflammatory indicators of cytokine storm in adult patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19, and comparing them between severe and non-severe (mild-moderate) cases, were eligible to be included in our review. Outcomes included circulating levels of interleukins (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and others depending on availability of estimates), tumour necrosis factor-alpha and T-lymphocyte counts (CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells) that have been widely reported in relation to the cytokine storm in patients having severe COVID-19. cache = ./cache/cord-324859-0yuhb5dl.txt txt = ./txt/cord-324859-0yuhb5dl.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-324635-27q3nxte author = Bouza, Emilio title = The situation of infection in the elderly in Spain: a multidisciplinary opinion document date = 2020-09-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 15948 sentences = 794 flesch = 48 summary = Thus, for long-term care facility (LTCF) residents and in hospitalised elderly people, UTI is the number one cause of infection and is the second most common in older women living in the community [19] . The first data on infection in nursing homes in Spain come from the EPINGER study, conducted in community health centres in Catalonia, which reported a prevalence of 6.5%, although it should be pointed out that in Catalonia the concept of the community health centre would include medium-long term patients, while in the rest of the Spanish autonomous communities this concept would be limited to nursing homes [40] . This is a multi-centre system for monitoring nosocomial infections, based on the production of an annual prevalence study, which has been conducted since 1990 in a large group of hospitals in Spain and was promoted by the Spanish Society of Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Hygiene. The studies reviewed allow us to estimate a prevalence of infection of between 4 and 10% in nursing homes in Spain, depending on their complexity, and between 6 and 9% in hospitalised elderly people. cache = ./cache/cord-324635-27q3nxte.txt txt = ./txt/cord-324635-27q3nxte.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-015324-y44sfr0c author = nan title = Scientific Programme date = 2007-09-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 197618 sentences = 12774 flesch = 53 summary = In order to further validate this approach, we performed a prospective randomized open-label multicenter trial in 41 low-risk pediatric renal transplant recipients (12 f, 29 m; mean age 10.1 yrs; range, 3.4 to 17.8) on CsA (target trough level 100-200 ng/ml), MMF (1200 mg/m 2 per day) and methylprednisolone (3) (4) mg/m 2 per day), who were randomly assigned >1 year posttransplant to continue steroids or to withdraw over a period of 3 months. We evaluated MMF in 15 children with LN, 11 F/4 M, mean age: 12.4±3.9 yrs, proteinuria >3 g/day, decreased C3 and increased anti-dsDNA serum levels, normal renal function. Patients and methods: 91 children and adolescents (60 male, 31 female, mean age at transplantation 9.7±5.2 years) with stable renal function and observation period exceeding 6 months were included. cache = ./cache/cord-015324-y44sfr0c.txt txt = ./txt/cord-015324-y44sfr0c.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-328056-y5x80tuw author = Popescu, Corneliu P. title = Hydroxychloroquine-azithromycin for COVID-19 – Warranted or dangerous? date = 2020-05-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1123 sentences = 68 flesch = 52 summary = (4) The seeming safety and effectiveness of hydroxychloroquine-azithromycin is in contradiction to data in a study published just a week earlier that showed dangerously increased death rates in hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, and macrolide-treated patients.(5) That multi-nation registry of 96,032 hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 patients in 671 centers on six continents included 14,888 who were treated with chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine, with or without a macrolide.(5) Confounding factors were considered, and patients receiving remdesivir were excluded from the study. Widespread use of incompletely tested medications could potentially have dangerous side effects, and Million's group wisely did not include patients with identified risk for arrhythmia in their study. While some readers will be encouraged enough by the results of Million's study to "just do something" in giving hydroxychloroquine-azithromycin combined treatment to COVID-19 patients, others will opt to await more "proof" of safety and efficacy from randomized blinded controlled clinical trials. cache = ./cache/cord-328056-y5x80tuw.txt txt = ./txt/cord-328056-y5x80tuw.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-321827-e7zc44ca author = Halter, Mary title = The determinants and consequences of adult nursing staff turnover: a systematic review of systematic reviews date = 2017-12-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8773 sentences = 391 flesch = 43 summary = This paper reports on this overview, which aimed to identify high quality evidence of the determinants and consequences of turnover in nurses working in the field of adult health care services and bring that evidence together into one place to highlight where strong enough evidence to support managerial decisions exists and where gaps in the evidence may indicate the need for further research, particularly when considered in the context of the broader management literature regarding turnover. The empirical evidence shows that stress and issues concerning leadership consistently exert both direct and indirect effects on job satisfaction and intent to leave There are a number of published articles characterized by loosely defined terms The main reasons for reviews being in the moderate rather than strong evidence category were the lack of publication of an a priori protocol, varying levels of details about the search strategy performed, the failure to have two reviewers check the selection and data extraction, not providing a list of both included and excluded primary studies (with the exception of Toh et al. cache = ./cache/cord-321827-e7zc44ca.txt txt = ./txt/cord-321827-e7zc44ca.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-326785-le2t1l8g author = nan title = Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. 163rd meeting, 3–5 July 1991 date = 2005-06-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 22752 sentences = 2108 flesch = 42 summary = The lesions (usually multlpleand each 5 mm orless m diameter) were identified in lung parenchymaat a distance from the tumour and consisted of thickened alveolar walls lined by prominent, distinctly atypical cells morphologically Slmllar to type I 1 pneumacytes and cytologically different to the associated turnour Reactive changes 8" lung involved by obstrmtive pneumonitis were not included !n thts Sews All of the associated tumwra were peripheral adenocarcinamas and all showed a pattern of alveolar wall spread at the tumour periphery Clinically 7 of the patients were female and all were smokers or ex-smokers The slgnlflcance of this lesion in the histogenesis of primary pulmonary ademcarcinoma IS. cache = ./cache/cord-326785-le2t1l8g.txt txt = ./txt/cord-326785-le2t1l8g.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-321836-rbqqgekw author = Everest, T. title = Determination of agricultural land suitability with a multiple-criteria decision-making method in Northwestern Turkey date = 2020-08-06 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7471 sentences = 487 flesch = 57 summary = Land use capability classes, soil depth, erosion risk and other soil properties (limiting factors) were obtained from the soil map, while slope, elevation and aspect were obtained from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission data. AHP is one of the multiple-criteria decision-making methods used for the assessment and analysis of land use suitability. In this study, the aim was to determine agricultural land suitability by using the AHP method, to compare with current land use in 2019 and to produce real data for land owners and decision makers about how to evaluate the land of Lapseki district in Çanakkale, northwestern (NW) Turkey. (2018) determined agricultural land suitability based on some soil characteristics and slope conditions and they produced a sustainable agricultural support plan for their study area. This study determined the agricultural land suitability by using basic soil properties, DEM data, GIS and AHP methods. cache = ./cache/cord-321836-rbqqgekw.txt txt = ./txt/cord-321836-rbqqgekw.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-324453-gei7os7s author = Hura, Nanki title = Treatment of post‐viral olfactory dysfunction: an evidence‐based review with recommendations date = 2020-06-25 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5229 sentences = 326 flesch = 47 summary = Studies with defined olfactory outcomes of patients treated for PVOD following medical, surgical, acupuncture, or olfactory training interventions were included. Though some pharmacological investigations offer promising preliminary results for systemic and topical medications alike, a paucity of high‐quality studies limits the ability to make meaningful evidence‐based recommendations for the use of these therapies for the treatment of PVOD. A focused literature search was performed using a combination of the following keywords: "post-viral olfactory dysfunction," "anosmia," "dysosmia," "parosmia," "olfaction disorders," "olfactory impairment," "olfactory disturbance," "olfactory loss," "smell disorder," "viral infection," "virus," "viral disease," "common cold," and "respiratory tract infection." Additional records were identified by examining the references of articles obtained for review. Studies investigating the effects of medical, surgical, or olfactory training interventions on olfaction in patients with PVOD were included. In regard to antibiotic treatment, 1 RCT of 55 patients with PVOD studying minocycline demonstrated that the medication was well tolerated, but there was no difference in overall TDI scores between the group receiving minocycline and the group receiving the placebo (p = 0.55). cache = ./cache/cord-324453-gei7os7s.txt txt = ./txt/cord-324453-gei7os7s.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-330573-rr2r8245 author = Stockmann, Helena title = CytoResc – “CytoSorb” Rescue for critically ill patients undergoing the COVID-19 Cytokine Storm: A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial date = 2020-06-26 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1702 sentences = 115 flesch = 52 summary = title: CytoResc – "CytoSorb" Rescue for critically ill patients undergoing the COVID-19 Cytokine Storm: A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial TRIAL DESIGN: Phase IIb, multicenter, prospective, open-label, randomized, 1:1 parallel group pilot study comparing the additional use of "CytoSorb" to standard of care without "CytoSorb". Intervention and comparator: Within 24 hours after meeting the inclusion criteria patients will be randomized to receive either standard of care or standard of care and additional "CytoSorb" therapy via a shaldon catheter for 3-7 days. Keywords: COVID-19, Randomized controlled trial, protocol, cytokine storm, vasoplegic shock, extracorporeal cytokine elimination Authors' contributions TS, PE and HS designed the trial, wrote the study protocol, obtained ethical approval and applied for BMBF funding. TK did the biostatistic design of the trial and wrote the statistical section of the study protocol, ethical approval and BMBF application. Furthermore, the study protocol, the statistical analysis plan, the patient information and the patient consent form will be made available to all interested persons. cache = ./cache/cord-330573-rr2r8245.txt txt = ./txt/cord-330573-rr2r8245.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-328720-o9h1vquo author = Davis, Cristina E. title = Breath analysis for respiratory infections date = 2020-09-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5832 sentences = 277 flesch = 44 summary = Indeed, recruiting those with the same symptoms in the control groups, including noninfectious disease subjects, such as sarcoidosis patients in the case of breath sampling for tuberculosis, is an increasingly essential parameter in a study design. Breath studies to diagnose bacterial infections caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) are more likely to succeed than any other approach due to the extensive groundwork done by the Belgian-Tanzanian group APOPO (Anti-Persoonsmijnen Ontmijnende Product Ontwikkeling) who have evaluated the volatiles from tens of thousands of sputum samples using trained giant Gambian rats. Beccaria and colleagues conducted two studies evaluating the use of human breath collected and stored on thermal desorption tubes and analyzed by comprehensive gas chromatographyetime-of-flight mass spectrometry (GCÂGC-TOFMS) to diagnose active TB in subjects with confirmed Mtb infection. In this particular case, however, cells inoculated with just RSV did not yield a sufficient change to the volatile profile for accurate diagnoses, providing evidence that each respiratory viral infection may have to be independently evaluated for its ability to be detected directly in breath samples. cache = ./cache/cord-328720-o9h1vquo.txt txt = ./txt/cord-328720-o9h1vquo.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-325201-yoy7kdli author = Timsit, Jean-François title = Year in review in Intensive Care Medicine 2014: III. Severe infections, septic shock, healthcare-associated infections, highly resistant bacteria, invasive fungal infections, severe viral infections, Ebola virus disease and paediatrics date = 2015-03-26 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9122 sentences = 455 flesch = 41 summary = This third article for the 2014 Year in Review will report publications from intensive care on severe infections (including endocarditis and peritonitis), septic shock, healthcare and ventilator associated pneumonia, highly resistant bacteria, antimicrobial therapy (including antibiotic stewardship, therapeutic drug monitoring and deescalation), invasive fungal infections, severe viral infections, Ebola virus disease and paediatrics. While it is now well recognized that early appropriate antimicrobial therapy reduces infection-related morbidity and mortality in the critically ill patients, the importance of pharmacodynamic (PD) dosing to optimize drug exposure continues to evolve. Bacteremia is one of the major causes of nosocomial infection in the intensive care unit (ICU), ICU-acquired bloodstream infection (ICU-BSI) is associated with increased morbidity and length of stay, resulting in excess costs and high mortality of critically ill patients. In addition, in a small randomized study on the efficacy of empiric treatment of suspected ventilator associated pneumonia in patients with candida colonization of the respiratory tract did not prove to be effective [40] . cache = ./cache/cord-325201-yoy7kdli.txt txt = ./txt/cord-325201-yoy7kdli.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-320828-5ksho1bh author = Narchi, Hassib title = Nasopharyngeal Isolates from a Cohort of Medical Students with or without Pharyngitis date = 2020-10-05 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3398 sentences = 205 flesch = 55 summary = Overall, the most common isolates were human rhinovirus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae, with no significant differences in terms of gender, year of study or stage of study. necrophorum were not detected among students with symptoms of pharyngitis; moreover, Centor scores of ≥2 were not associated with the presence of S. 15 Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate patterns of nasopharyngeal colonisation in a cohort of medical students with or without symptoms of pharyngitis, evaluate the performance of the Centor score in the diagnosis of S. pyogenes-positive samples were isolated from students with Centor scores of ≤2 (P = 1.000). influenzae was also very unlikely to have been a major cause of pharyngitis in the current study, given the lack of significant difference in its detection rate between symptomatic and asymptomatic participants. 16, 22 The PCR results of another study indicated that 10.3% of symptomatic patients and 1.1% of asymptomatic medical students were positive for S. cache = ./cache/cord-320828-5ksho1bh.txt txt = ./txt/cord-320828-5ksho1bh.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-324786-8k81jetq author = Chang, Anne B title = Antibiotics for bronchiectasis exacerbations in children: rationale and study protocol for a randomised placebo-controlled trial date = 2012-08-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5672 sentences = 298 flesch = 43 summary = Our study tests the hypothesis that both oral azithromycin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid are superior to placebo at improving resolution rates of respiratory exacerbations by day 14 in children with bronchiectasis unrelated to cystic fibrosis. Our multicentre, double-blind RCT is designed to determine if azithromycin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, compared with placebo, improve symptom resolution on day 14 in children with acute respiratory exacerbations. Early and effective management of bronchiectasis exacerbations in children may lead to reduced hospitalisations, better quality of life (QOL) and improved future adult lung function. Our study tests the primary hypothesis that both oral azithromycin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid are superior to placebo in improving the resolution rate of respiratory exacerbations by day 14 in children with non-CF bronchiectasis. We are conducting a multicentre, parallel group, double-blind placebo RCT (with concealed allocation) to assess the impact of treatment with antibiotics (azithromycin or amoxicillinclavulanic acid) in children with an exacerbation of bronchiectasis. cache = ./cache/cord-324786-8k81jetq.txt txt = ./txt/cord-324786-8k81jetq.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-335109-czheponh author = Meidenbauer, Kimberly L. title = The Affective Benefits of Nature Exposure: What’s Nature Got to Do with It? date = 2020-09-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9530 sentences = 474 flesch = 53 summary = In one set of studies (Study 1 and 2), state affect before and after image viewing was examined as a function of both preference level (high, low, very high, or very low aesthetic value) and environment type (nature or urban). Despite work identifying preference as an influence in the emotional benefits of nature exposure (Mayer et al., 2009; Beute & de Kort, 2014; White et al., 2010; Browning et al., 2020) , many studies linking nature contact to psychological well-being do not assess preference for these environments, or examine how affect change relates to preference (Lee et al., 2009; Tsunetsugu et al., 2013; Valtchanov et al., 2010) . Additionally, to analyze the role of individual differences in preference for the images, a linear regression predicting change in affect by participants' average preference rating (ignoring condition) was conducted (Analysis 5). cache = ./cache/cord-335109-czheponh.txt txt = ./txt/cord-335109-czheponh.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-325512-eehp4uh9 author = Li, Yiwei title = Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) related cytopenia: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis date = 2020-09-04 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2069 sentences = 149 flesch = 45 summary = title: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) related cytopenia: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis This systemic review and meta-analysis summaries the latest evidence from available data and determine the hematological abnormality caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and potential efficacy on the outcomes in patients with COVID-19. The meta-analysis was performed by RevMan V.5.3 program and Stata V.12.0 software after 2 reviewers independently selected literature, data extraction, bias risk evaluation and study quality assessment. RESULTS: This systematic review and meta-analysis may help provide clarify on the effect of cytopenia in patients with COVID-19. This study will be conducted in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis protocols 2015 guidelines and the protocol has been registering in the PROSPERO database (Registration number: CRD42020187524) on 22 May 2020. The process of study selection is illustrated following a preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis guidelines (Fig. 1 ). cache = ./cache/cord-325512-eehp4uh9.txt txt = ./txt/cord-325512-eehp4uh9.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-320172-qw47pf9r author = Greaves, Peter title = VII Digestive System 1 date = 2000-12-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 47375 sentences = 2238 flesch = 40 summary = In common with other changes induced in the digestive tract of rats and cynomolgus monkeys by the administration of recombinant human epidermal growth factor, the tongue showed squamous epithelial hyperplasia characterised by a uniform increase in the thickness of the squamous epithelium in both species (Breider et al., 1996; Reindel et al., 1996) . Detailed study of hypertrophy, protein synthesis, and intracellular cAMP activity in the salivary glands of rats treated for 10 days with isoprenaline (isoproterenol), a series of β-adrenergic receptor agonists and the phosphodiesterase inhibitors, theophylline and caffeine, showed that similar effects occurred with all agents although differences in the degree of hypertrophy, the nature of pro-tein and glycoprotein synthesis and Golgi membrane enzyme activity were recorded (Wells and Humphreys-Beher, 1985) . Studies in the rat have shown that diffuse atrophy of the gastric glands characterised by a decrease in the number and size of parietal, chief and mucous cells occurs transiently following truncal vagotomy but histological features return to normal by about 1 month after surgery (Nakamura, 1985) . cache = ./cache/cord-320172-qw47pf9r.txt txt = ./txt/cord-320172-qw47pf9r.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-331487-jh34klbg author = Sivapalan, Pradeesh title = Proactive Prophylaxis With Azithromycin and HydroxyChloroquine in Hospitalised Patients With COVID-19 (ProPAC-COVID): A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial date = 2020-06-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6399 sentences = 428 flesch = 47 summary = OBJECTIVES: The aim of this randomised GCP-controlled trial is to clarify whether combination therapy with the antibiotic azithromycin and hydroxychloroquine via anti-inflammation/immune modulation, antiviral efficacy and pre-emptive treatment of supra-infections can shorten hospitalisation duration for patients with COVID-19 (measured as "days alive and out of hospital" as the primary outcome), reduce the risk of noninvasive ventilation, treatment in the intensive care unit and death. Fertile women* must not be pregnant, i.e. negative pregnancy test must be available at inclusion • Informed consent signed by the patient *Defined as after menarche and until postmenopausal (no menstruation for 12 months) Exclusion criteria: • At the time of recruitment, the patient uses >5 LO2/min (equivalent to 40% FiO2 if measured) • Known intolerance/allergy to azithromycin or hydroxychloroquine or hypersensitivity to quinine or 4-aminoquinoline derivatives • Neurogenic hearing loss • Psoriasis • Retinopathy • Maculopathy • Visual field changes • Breastfeeding • Severe liver diseases other than amoebiasis (INR> 1.5 spontaneously) • Severe gastrointestinal, neurological and hematological disorders (investigator-assessed) • eGFR <45 ml/min/1.73 m2 • Clinically significant cardiac conduction disorders/arrhythmias or prolonged QTc interval (QTc (f) of> 480/470 ms). cache = ./cache/cord-331487-jh34klbg.txt txt = ./txt/cord-331487-jh34klbg.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-327967-cuy254tf author = Pierce John, P. title = Real-world exposure to graphic warning labels on cigarette packages in US smokers: The CASA randomized trial protocol date = 2020-09-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7276 sentences = 352 flesch = 54 summary = The study uses a blank pack (devoid of all advertising) as one control group for GWL packs to identify whether differences observed are from removing tobacco industry advertising or from using GWLs. We assess initial participant appeal-aversion responses to the study packaging to explore whether upfront reactivity modifies any downstream GWL effects. To test the effect of 3 months of real-world exposure to different cigarette packaging (Blank Pack devoid of any cigarette branding and GWL Pack featuring 1 of 3 rotating images) on smokers" cognitions and behavior about smoking at the end of the intervention exposure as well as longer term after smokers have reverted to their industry-marketed US packs. Aim 1: Assess changes in the perceptions (awareness, concern) of risks from cigarette smoking Aim 2: Assess changes in perceptions of appeal of cigarette packs and their subjective reinforcing effects on smoking Aim 3: Assess changes in cigarette smoking behavior including purchasing behavior, pack handling, quitting cognitions and cigarette consumption Aim 4 (Exploratory): Test whether the participants initial appeal-aversion response to the study pack designs as well as nicotine dependence modify responses to the 3-month intervention. cache = ./cache/cord-327967-cuy254tf.txt txt = ./txt/cord-327967-cuy254tf.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-257167-rz4r5sj7 author = nan title = Abstracts for the 29th Annual Meeting of the Japan Neuroscience Society (Neuroscience2006) date = 2006-12-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 240925 sentences = 13617 flesch = 47 summary = SY1-3-11-3 SAD: A novel kinase implicated in phosphoproteome at the presynaptic active zone Toshihisa Ohtsuka Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine/Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan SAD is a serine/threonine kianse, which has been shown to regulate various neuronal functions during development, including clustering synaptic vesicles, maturation of synapses, and axon/dendrite polarization: these have recently been revealed by genetic studies in C. The results suggest that EAAT4 plays a major role in regulating the concentration of CF transmitters, possibly glutamate, in the route of its extrasynaptic diffusion, and determining the degree of CF-induced inhibition of GABA release from BCs depending on the regional difference of EAAT4 expression in postsynaptic PCs. Chitoshi Takayama 1 , Yoshiro Inoue 1 1 Department of Molecular Neuroanatomy, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan GABA mediates inhibitory transmission in the adult central nervous system (CNS). cache = ./cache/cord-257167-rz4r5sj7.txt txt = ./txt/cord-257167-rz4r5sj7.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-328979-xfze12ah author = Monto, Arnold S title = Data resource profile: Household Influenza Vaccine Evaluation (HIVE) Study date = 2019-04-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3878 sentences = 226 flesch = 44 summary = Collecting specimens within a short time from the onset of symptoms still maximizes the likelihood of accurate and timely identification of viruses associated with a respiratory illness for studies of transmission and vaccine effectiveness. While respiratory virus infections in general could be studied, the primary objective was to estimate the effectiveness of influenza vaccines using a cohort design for comparison with studies using the testnegative design (TND). With additional funding, we have expanded on these original aims by collecting blood specimens for studies of antibody-mediated Households 328 213 321 232 340 227 Participants 1441 943 1426 1049 1431 996 Influenza-positive individuals 125 32 111 50 202 38 Influenza-positive specimens 130 32 117 52 210 40 Strain A c 86 23 69 48 166 30 H1N1pdm09 27 1 3 47 0 28 H3N2 59 22 66 1 immunity, extending ARI surveillance year-round, and incorporating laboratory testing for other respiratory viruses. cache = ./cache/cord-328979-xfze12ah.txt txt = ./txt/cord-328979-xfze12ah.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-335055-gzuug3p5 author = Kwiyolecha, Elizabeth title = Patterns of viral pathogens causing upper respiratory tract infections among symptomatic children in Mwanza, Tanzania date = 2020-10-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3311 sentences = 196 flesch = 45 summary = title: Patterns of viral pathogens causing upper respiratory tract infections among symptomatic children in Mwanza, Tanzania Therefore, there is a paramount need to establish information on the common etiologies of RTIs in Tanzania, the information that can stimulate further studies and possible control interventions including introduction of cheap and reliable methods to detect these pathogens in clinical settings. In addition due to increased use of antibiotic without a support of a diagnostic test in the treatment of URTI as observed in number of previous studies [11] [12] [13] , make the availability of epidemiological data on the patterns of etiology of URTI of paramount important. A cross sectional hospital based study involving 339 children aged 1-59 months presenting with RTI symptoms was conducted from October 2017 to February 2018 in the city of Mwanza, Tanzania. A previous study 33 , documented Rhinovirus to cause up to 25-85% of the upper respiratory tract infections. cache = ./cache/cord-335055-gzuug3p5.txt txt = ./txt/cord-335055-gzuug3p5.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-335723-7wefotwe author = Johann, Alexandra title = The study protocol: Neuroendocrinology and (epi-) genetics of female reproductive transition phase mood disorder - an observational, longitudinal study from pregnancy to postpartum date = 2020-10-09 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4429 sentences = 204 flesch = 41 summary = Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate numerous health-related markers to obtain greater insight into which biopsychosocial profiles render women more vulnerable to PPD or facilitate a healthy transition from pregnancy to postpartum. The present study proposes an integrative etiopathological model with distinct trajectories including (epi-) genetic vulnerability, chronic stress or adverse life events, which result in a potential dysregulation of the HPA and HPG axis and their counter-regulation and render some women more sensitive to the fluctuations of sex steroids throughout pregnancy and the postpartum period. The present study aims to provide further insight into the etiopathological mechanisms that render some women more vulnerable to mood disturbances and anxiety throughout pregnancy and the postpartum period. cache = ./cache/cord-335723-7wefotwe.txt txt = ./txt/cord-335723-7wefotwe.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-334711-58ygbyiz author = Hernández-Sánchez, Brizeida Raquel title = Psychological Factors that Lessen the Impact of COVID-19 on the Self-Employment Intention of Business Administration and Economics’ Students from Latin America date = 2020-07-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8579 sentences = 470 flesch = 32 summary = To meet these goals, we conducted an explorative study with a sample of college students to examine the effects of Covid-19 pandemic perception, psychological need satisfaction, proactiveness, and optimism are in entrepreneurial intentions. This research will focus on four characteristics, namely proactiveness, optimism, the Covid-19 pandemic perception, and psychological need satisfaction, to quantify the relationship between these four traits of the students and their entrepreneurial intention. First, through a representative sample of Latin American university students, this study aims to analyze the relationships between proactiveness, optimism, Covid-19 pandemic perception, psychological need satisfaction, and entrepreneurial intention in an adverse situation, as it is this current pandemic. Second, the current study focuses primarily on how the Covid-19 pandemic perception and need satisfaction mediate the predictive effects of student proactivity and optimism on entrepreneurial intention. cache = ./cache/cord-334711-58ygbyiz.txt txt = ./txt/cord-334711-58ygbyiz.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-323910-lms3xw4k author = Putman, Michael title = Antirheumatic Disease Therapies for the Treatment of COVID‐19: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis date = 2020-08-02 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4592 sentences = 293 flesch = 46 summary = In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we identified and summarized published and pre-print original scientific articles that described the use of antirheumatic disease therapies for the treatment of COVID-19. The final eligibility criteria were (1) Included 5 or more people infected with SARS-CoV-2; (2) antirheumatic disease therapy (Supplemental Appendix); (3) published after January 1st, 2019; (4) original research; (5) had one of the following outcomes: Death, ventilator-free days, escalation of care (ICU transfer), length of hospital stay, symptom resolution, viral clearance. For reporting purposes and due to the methodological diversity of the studies, we prioritized results for summary and synthesis based on study design (RCT > cohort studies > case series), risk of bias assessment (low risk > some concerns > high risk) and relevance of the outcome (e.g. mortality > viral clearance). All rights reserved DISCUSSION In this systematic review and meta-analysis of antirheumatic disease therapies for the treatment of COVID-19, the use of hydroxychloroquine was not associated with mortality. cache = ./cache/cord-323910-lms3xw4k.txt txt = ./txt/cord-323910-lms3xw4k.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-332559-2r2gavbq author = Kajdy, Anna title = Risk factors for anxiety and depression among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic: A web-based cross-sectional survey date = 2020-07-24 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5207 sentences = 322 flesch = 52 summary = title: Risk factors for anxiety and depression among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic: A web-based cross-sectional survey The secondary aim is to assess demographic, economic, and social aspects affecting maternal anxiety and depression scores among pregnant women worldwide in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey has three parts: 1) questions related to general demography, pregnancy health history, mental health history, socioeconomic factors, as well as perception of fear, burden and restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic and 2) General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) questionnaire for anxiety assessment 3) Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for depression assessment. The survey consists of 60 questions, and it has the following structure: screening questions, consent form, demographic and socioeconomic questions, mental health history questions, general health history questions, pregnancy risk assessment questions, COVID-19 specific questions, and the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scales. cache = ./cache/cord-332559-2r2gavbq.txt txt = ./txt/cord-332559-2r2gavbq.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-334180-aqw9snt7 author = Doll, Julian title = Contrast-enhanced ultrasound for determining muscular perfusion after oral intake of L-citrulline, L-arginine, and galloylated epicatechines: A study protocol date = 2020-10-09 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4961 sentences = 287 flesch = 45 summary = Three commercial NO enhancing products including 300 mg of the specific green tea extract VASO6 and a combination of 8 g L-citrulline malate and 3 g L-arginine hydrochloride will be examined for their potential to increase muscular perfusion in 30-male athletes between 18 and 40 years and will be compared with a placebo. For this purpose, the following study will examine 3 different commonly used NO-boosting products via CEUS: 300 mg VASO6 8 g L-citrulline malate 3 g L-arginine hydrochloride After oral intake, changes of muscular microperfusion linked to resistance training will be quantified and the effects of supplementation will be compared with one another and with placebo in 30 healthy athletes. The objective of this placebo-controlled, randomized cross-over study is to assess the muscle perfusion increasing potential of 3 different commercial NO enhancing supplements in 30 healthy male athlete's biceps muscle at rest and after exercising. cache = ./cache/cord-334180-aqw9snt7.txt txt = ./txt/cord-334180-aqw9snt7.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-329313-tlbjw5kn author = Crilly, Philip title = A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials of Telehealth and Digital Technology Use by Community Pharmacists to Improve Public Health date = 2020-08-04 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6506 sentences = 364 flesch = 51 summary = For this systematic review, we included the following studies that were: (1) randomized controlled trials (RCTs); (2) full articles published in peer-reviewed journals; (3) included a telehealth or digital technology element used for either interaction between a community pharmacist and customer/patient, such as telephone, email, online discussion boards, social media, smartphone mobile application, or for patient use alone as part of a community pharmacy intervention; and (4) reported public health interventions and outcomes. Further to the initial screening, abstracts and full articles were reviewed and removed if the primary objectives of the paper did not investigate the use of telehealth and digital technologies by community pharmacists for public health purposes and were not run as RCTs. A template was created in Excel, which both authors used to extract data including intervention variables (location of intervention and recruitment criteria, topic of delivered public health intervention, type of telecommunication or digital communication technology used, and duration of the intervention), participant variables (mean age, gender, and ethnicity), outcomes variables (e.g., quit smoking rates, reduction in weight, reduction in alcohol consumption, and treatment of a sexual transmitted disease). cache = ./cache/cord-329313-tlbjw5kn.txt txt = ./txt/cord-329313-tlbjw5kn.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-023211-kt5gt26t author = nan title = Poster Session Abstracts date = 2007-08-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 221224 sentences = 11772 flesch = 52 summary = Previous studies performed using fluorescence halide efflux measurements and short-circuit current voltage clamp have shown that treatment with PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma) agonists, such as pioglitazone and FLL (FMOC-L-leucine), resulted in an increased biosynthesis and trafficking of ∆F508-CFTR to the cell surface. Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom Recent progress in the development of small molecule correctors and potentiators capable of restoring CFTR function have increased the need for pre-clinical test models including cultured airway epithelial cells from human CF patients as well as CF mouse models. Clinical studies have linked increased sputum and peripheral blood neutrophil MPO activity with increased airflow obstruction in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients of the same age, gender, airway bacterial flora, and CFTR genotype. Because patients expressing low levels of normal CFTR mRNA (5-20%) have mild disease symptoms, these studies demonstrate that the incorporation of the ciliated cell-specific FOXJ1 promoter into gene therapy vectors may be useful for treatment of CF. cache = ./cache/cord-023211-kt5gt26t.txt txt = ./txt/cord-023211-kt5gt26t.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-331675-ipryt7o7 author = Itzchakov, Guy title = Can high quality listening predict lower speakers' prejudiced attitudes?() date = 2020-08-06 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 11819 sentences = 619 flesch = 46 summary = As compared to regular listening (in Studies 2 and 3), high quality listening will predict increased speakers' attitude favorability (i.e., lower prejudiced attitudes) towards the outgroup by encouraging self-insight and openness to change. Specifically, the results indicated that self-insight mediated the effect of high quality listening conditions on openness to change in relation to one's prejudiced attitudes. Specifically, we tested the effect of the listening manipulation on attitude favorability towards the prejudiced group via increasing self-insight openness to change. Thus, the mediation analysis provided support for Hypothesis 3, namely, that high quality listening will reduce speakers' prejudiced attitudes towards the outgroup by increasing self-insight and openness to change. Study 2: Serial-mediation analysis of the effect of listening on attitude favorability towards prejudiced groups via self-insight and openness to change; standard errors in parentheses; ⁎ p < .05, ⁎⁎ p < .01. cache = ./cache/cord-331675-ipryt7o7.txt txt = ./txt/cord-331675-ipryt7o7.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-338730-49ai51ah author = Baashar, Yahia title = Customer relationship management systems (CRMS) in the healthcare environment: A systematic literature review date = 2020-08-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7559 sentences = 425 flesch = 41 summary = Analysis and evaluation of 19 carefully selected studies revealed three main research categories: (i) social CRM 'eCRM'; (ii) implementing CRMS; and (iii) adopting CRMS; with positive outcomes for CRM both in terms of patients relationship/communication with hospital, satisfaction, medical treatment/outcomes and empowerment and hospitals medical operation, productivity, cost, performance, efficiency and service quality. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were: presenting an empirical and conceptual evidence; directly relevant to CRM in healthcare settings (hospitals, clinics and medical centres); papers that are conducted in developing countries; published from 2000 to present; and published in peer-reviewed journals. To synthesise the data as accurately and in an unbiased manner as possible, we performed a narrative synthesis review for effectiveness [65] of diverse study characteristics, which allowed us to categorise and identify three main CRM research categories that were relevant to healthcare settings: (i) e-CRM (Web-based CRM); (ii) implementing CRMS; and (iii) adopting CRMS. cache = ./cache/cord-338730-49ai51ah.txt txt = ./txt/cord-338730-49ai51ah.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-336306-hvy9ukhh author = Zhu, Jieyun title = Clinical characteristics of 3,062 COVID‐19 patients: a meta‐analysis date = 2020-04-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2114 sentences = 152 flesch = 54 summary = The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) Cohort studies, case-control studies and case series studies; (2) The study population included individuals diagnosed with COVID-19; (3) The primary outcomes were: clinical symptoms, signs, laboratory and imaging results; the secondary outcomes were the incidence of respiratory failure(RF) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), fatality rate, etc. The exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) Overlapping or duplicate studies; (2) The epidemiological analysis with only secondary outcomes such as fatality rate, without the primary outcomes; (3) Had no clinical indicators or lacking necessary data; (4) Case reports and studies with a sample size less than 10. After a detailed assessment based on the inclusion criteria, 38 studies involving 3 062 COVID-19 patients were included in this meta-analysis ( Fig. 1 ). There were 8 studies reported the incidence of RF or ARDS in COVID-19 patients.The random-effects model was used in the meta-analysis, which showed that the incidence of RF or ARDS was 19.5% (95%CI 5% -40.3%) ( Table 3 ). cache = ./cache/cord-336306-hvy9ukhh.txt txt = ./txt/cord-336306-hvy9ukhh.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-329723-74bhv8cr author = Debes, Jose D. title = COVID-19 and the liver: the perils of non-peer reviewed science in times of a pandemic date = 2020-04-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 322 sentences = 22 flesch = 51 summary = title: COVID-19 and the liver: the perils of non-peer reviewed science in times of a pandemic receptor referencing a manuscript that involves single cell RNA sequencing performed on liver cells. A number of opinions and original contributions, all in highly respected journals, have made reference to that single study in order to scientifically support this hypothesis 1, 3-5 . This is concerning, as it suggests a willingness of authors to bypass stringently reviewed data in their rush to share scientific knowledge. However, when such studies involve data related to single cell RNA sequencing, particularly in hepatocytes which has been shown to be particularly difficult to isolate and sequence, the reader is blind to the details of the study and directly susceptible to the conclusions of the authors. Liver injury during highly pathogenic human coronavirus infections Liver injury in COVID-19: management and challenges Clinical Characteristics of Imported Cases of COVID-19 in Jiangsu Province: A Multicenter Descriptive Study cache = ./cache/cord-329723-74bhv8cr.txt txt = ./txt/cord-329723-74bhv8cr.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-329999-flzqm3wh author = Buchanan, Tom title = Why do people spread false information online? The effects of message and viewer characteristics on self-reported likelihood of sharing social media disinformation date = 2020-10-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 13812 sentences = 728 flesch = 50 summary = Four studies (total N = 2,634) explored the effect of message attributes (authoritativeness of source, consensus indicators), viewer characteristics (digital literacy, personality, and demographic variables) and their interaction (consistency between message and recipient beliefs) on self-reported likelihood of spreading examples of disinformation. Descriptive statistics for participant characteristics (personality, conservatism, new media literacy and age) and their reactions to the stimuli (likelihood of sharing, belief the stories were likely to be true, and rating of likelihood that they had seen them before) are summarised in Table 2 . This evaluated the extent to which digital media literacy (NMLS), authority of the message source, consensus, belief in veracity of the messages, consistency with participant beliefs (operationalised as the total SECS conservatism scale score), age and personality (Extraversion, Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, Openness to Experience and Neuroticism), predicted self-rated likelihood of sharing the posts. cache = ./cache/cord-329999-flzqm3wh.txt txt = ./txt/cord-329999-flzqm3wh.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-324981-teywszlm author = Eccles, Ron title = Efficacy and safety of an antiviral Iota-Carrageenan nasal spray: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled exploratory study in volunteers with early symptoms of the common cold date = 2010-08-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5472 sentences = 295 flesch = 54 summary = title: Efficacy and safety of an antiviral Iota-Carrageenan nasal spray: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled exploratory study in volunteers with early symptoms of the common cold METHODS: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled exploratory trial, 35 human subjects suffering from early symptoms of common cold received Iota-Carrageenan (0.12%) in a saline solution three times daily for 4 days, compared to placebo. The presented exploratory study was designed to determine the magnitude of any effect of Iota-Carrageenan nasal spray on the severity of common cold symptoms relative to placebo treatment. The current study was designed as a single centre, randomised, double-blind, parallel group, placebo-controlled comparative survey in subjects with early symptoms of common cold to assess the efficacy of a 0.12% Iota-Carrageenan nasal spray in the early treatment of natural colds. The results of this study indicate that the Iota Carrageenan nasal spray is a safe and effective treatment when taken within 48 hours of development of common cold symptoms. cache = ./cache/cord-324981-teywszlm.txt txt = ./txt/cord-324981-teywszlm.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-338889-7hd3iibk author = Solbakk, Jan Helge title = Back to WHAT? The role of research ethics in pandemic times date = 2020-11-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 11689 sentences = 709 flesch = 53 summary = 10 Of the 10 standards laid down in this Code, and with which physician-researchers must comply when carrying out experiments on human subjects, standard 5, in particular, has become highly relevant these days due to pressure from influential medical stakeholders, agencies and bioethicists to permit the conduct of controlled human infection studies (CHIs), also labeled human challenge trials (HCTs), or challenge studies (CSs) to possibly shorten the development time of vaccines to protect against Covid-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. cache = ./cache/cord-338889-7hd3iibk.txt txt = ./txt/cord-338889-7hd3iibk.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-337316-ialg7d7e author = Cori, Liliana title = Risk Perception of Air Pollution: A Systematic Review Focused on Particulate Matter Exposure date = 2020-09-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9406 sentences = 469 flesch = 46 summary = To systematically examine the articles selected, the explored dimensions of perception (understanding/sensorial perception; reactions/psychological consequences; reactions/physical consequences; behaviors) were categorized by 20 features (awareness; belief; knowledge; concern; risk perception; worry; fear; outrage; familiarity; trust; annoyance; anxiety; life quality change; self-reported health symptoms; avoidance of the problem; search for information; exposure reduction; proactivity; request for action; and acceptance). Cross-sectional study by questionnaire to evaluate relationships between concern on health effects of air pollution and personal and environmental factors. The results of this analysis, presented in Table 2 , showed that for "understanding" (44) , most of the articles focused on awareness (32); for "reactions/psychological" (48), more represented risk perception (23); for "reactions/physical" (44) , the declared symptoms were most represented (26); and for "behaviours" (38) , exposure reduction (13) and search for information (12) were the most represented. People, place and pollution: Investigating relationships between air quality perceptions, health concerns, exposure, and individual-and area-level characteristics cache = ./cache/cord-337316-ialg7d7e.txt txt = ./txt/cord-337316-ialg7d7e.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-342210-r8vxz5vu author = Mukherjee, Pranab K. title = Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial to assess the safety and effectiveness of a novel dual-action oral topical formulation against upper respiratory infections date = 2017-01-14 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4853 sentences = 247 flesch = 49 summary = We conducted a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled pilot clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ARMS-I™ (currently marketed as Halo™) in the prevention of URIs. METHODS: ARMS-I is patented novel formulation for the prevention and treatment of influenza, comprising a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent (cetylpyridinium chloride, CPC) and components (glycerin and xanthan gum) that form a barrier on the host mucosa, thus preventing viral contact and invasion. The primary objectives were to establish whether ARMS-I decreased the frequency, severity or duration of URIs. Secondary objectives were to evaluate safety, tolerability, rate of virus detection, acceptability and adherence; effect on URI-associated absenteeism and medical visits; and effect of prior influenza vaccination on study outcomes. In the current study, we evaluated the safety and effectiveness of ARMS-I, a novel intra-oral formulation in the prevention of URIs in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled proof-of-concept clinical trial in healthy adults. cache = ./cache/cord-342210-r8vxz5vu.txt txt = ./txt/cord-342210-r8vxz5vu.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-338741-gy3ovkrt author = Sethi, Atin title = Evaluation of Current Therapies for COVID-19 Treatment date = 2020-07-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5580 sentences = 333 flesch = 47 summary = No survival benefit for those not requiring respiratory support [22] Convalescent plasma n = 10 severely ill patients Treatment: 200 mL IV In all 10 patients, fever, cough, shortness of breath, and chest pain disappeared or largely improved within 1-3 days of therapy initiation [23] In vitro study determining the activity of convalescent plasma from a recovered SARS-1 patient against SARS-CoV-2 Although the focus of this study was not to explore the efficacy of hydroxychloroquine/azithromycin, it outlines the importance of appropriate risk-benefit analysis while treating patients with COVID-19. This randomized control trial [10] of 199 patients explored the efficacy of lopinavir-ritonavir in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with relatively mild respiratory illness. Efficacy of hydroxychloroquine in patients with COVID-19: Results of a randomized clinical trial Clinical and microbiological effect of a combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin in 80 COVID-19 patients with at least a six-day follow up: A pilot observational study cache = ./cache/cord-338741-gy3ovkrt.txt txt = ./txt/cord-338741-gy3ovkrt.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-329344-06uk5sjp author = Neumann-Podczaska, Agnieszka title = COVID 19 - Clinical Picture in the Elderly Population: A Qualitative Systematic Review date = 2020-07-23 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5925 sentences = 326 flesch = 43 summary = In the following study, we constructed a systematic review to concisely summarize the clinical features, comorbidities, radiological/laboratory findings, and outcomes in the older adults. Only older individuals (≥60 years old) with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were of interest in this review, hence any study that did not clearly separate the data according to this age bracket was excluded. Once the relevant studies were isolated, the two reviewers extracted the data independently into a standardized form with the following subheadings: paper Aging and Disease • Volume 11, Number 4, August 2020 990 information (such as publication date, number of patients, country, and gender), symptoms, comorbidities, laboratory findings, radiographic findings, complications, treatment, and outcome. Studies comparing data from solely dead vs discharged patients, were excluded from review estimation of mortality rate due to unclear total hospitalized elderly COVID-19 population [13, 25] . cache = ./cache/cord-329344-06uk5sjp.txt txt = ./txt/cord-329344-06uk5sjp.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-326004-wg47sd06 author = Wilson, Patrick T title = Respiratory Pathogens in Children 1 Month to 5 Years of Age Presenting With Undifferentiated Acute Respiratory Distress in 2 District-Level Hospitals in Ghana date = 2018-09-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2193 sentences = 103 flesch = 48 summary = A recently conducted prospective randomized controlled trial at 2 district-level hospitals in Ghana revealed that the use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) reduces the allcause mortality rate in children <1 year old who presented with undifferentiated acute respiratory distress [3] . In that study, nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from the children at the time of presentation and tested for common pediatric respiratory pathogens; the goal was to decrease the knowledge gap regarding the incidence of respiratory pathogens that affect children <5 years of age in low-and middle-income countries. In this report, we describe the respiratory pathogens detected in children aged 1 month to 5 years who presented to 1 of 2 district-level hospitals in Ghana with undifferentiated acute respiratory distress. Despite the limitations of this study, our results show that viral respiratory pathogens were frequent among children aged 1 month to 5 years who presented with acute respiratory distress to 1 of 2 district-level hospitals in Ghana. cache = ./cache/cord-326004-wg47sd06.txt txt = ./txt/cord-326004-wg47sd06.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-337663-ow1l18li author = Qu, Liang G. title = Scoping review: hotspots for COVID-19 urological research: what is being published and from where? date = 2020-09-09 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4694 sentences = 306 flesch = 45 summary = This comprehensive review aimed to: identify all up-to-date original publications relating to urology and COVID-19, characterise where publications were from, and outline what topics were investigated. Topics of the study included pathophysiological, administrative, and clinical fields: translational (n = 14), COVID-19-related outcomes (n = 5), urology training (n = 4), telemedicine (n = 7), equipment and safety (n = 2), urology in general (n = 4), uro-oncology (n = 3), urolithiasis (n = 1), and kidney transplantation (n = 8). A registered study in France (NCT04341714) is similarly assessing the efficiency and satisfaction of telemedicine consults, aiming to recruit 400 patients from a neuro-urology clinic. 48 studies were included, investigating pathophysiological, administrative, and clinical outcomes relating to COVID-19 and urology. Clinical fields of COVID-19-related urological research seem to focus on uro-oncology, urolithiasis, and kidney transplant recipients. Nevertheless, our review is the first to provide a comprehensive country-level analysis of current original urological research related to COVID-19. cache = ./cache/cord-337663-ow1l18li.txt txt = ./txt/cord-337663-ow1l18li.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-330994-6nu7utu1 author = Abdelrheem, Doaa A. title = The inhibitory effect of some natural bioactive compounds against SARS-CoV-2 main protease: insights from molecular docking analysis and molecular dynamic simulation date = 2020-10-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5306 sentences = 323 flesch = 48 summary = title: The inhibitory effect of some natural bioactive compounds against SARS-CoV-2 main protease: insights from molecular docking analysis and molecular dynamic simulation This work aimed at evaluating the inhibitory effect of ten natural bioactive compounds (1–10) as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2-3CL main protease (PDB ID: 6LU7) and SARS-CoV main proteases (PDB IDs: 2GTB and 3TNT) by molecular docking analysis. [6] So, we study the inhibitory effect of some bioactive compounds obtained from natural sources against SARS-CoV-2-3CLpro and SARS-CoV main proteases (PDB IDs: 2GTB and 3TNT). The crystal structures of SARS-CoV-2-3CLpro (PDB code: 6LU7) and main proteases of SARS-Coronavirus (Mpro) with (PDB IDs: 2GTB and 3TNT) were downloaded from the Protein Data Bank (www.pdb.org), and any heteroatoms and water molecules were removed before molecular docking studies. Based on our molecular docking analysis we found that among all studied compounds, caulerpin has the highest binding affinity against all studied receptors 6LU7, 3TNT, and 2GTB with compared to some proposed antiviral drug currently used in COVID-19 treatment. cache = ./cache/cord-330994-6nu7utu1.txt txt = ./txt/cord-330994-6nu7utu1.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-333801-4pjdutgg author = Awaisu, Ahmed title = Research Designs and Methodologies Related to Pharmacy Practice date = 2019-12-31 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8760 sentences = 468 flesch = 39 summary = Various study designs, including, but not limited to experimental, quasi-experimental, observational, qualitative, and mixed method designs, have been used in pharmacy practice research. The choice of a study design to answer a research question in pharmacy practice research is driven by several factors, including the type of the research question or the research hypothesis, expertise of the investigator, availability of data, and funding opportunities. Traditionally, core quantitative approaches used in pharmacy practice research include nonexperiments, quasi-experimental designs, and true experimental designs such as prospective randomized controlled intervention trials. In pharmacoepidemiology and other areas of pharmacy practice, researchers are often interested in measuring the relationships between exposure to a drug and its efficacy, toxicity, or other outcomes of interest using observational study designs. In the following section, interpretative frameworks and philosophical orientations, methodologies, data collection and analysis methods, approaches to ensure rigor, and ethical considerations in qualitative research are briefly discussed (Cohen et al., 2013; Creswell, 2013) . cache = ./cache/cord-333801-4pjdutgg.txt txt = ./txt/cord-333801-4pjdutgg.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-345108-gtp36snr author = Al-Ani, Raid M. title = Prevalence of Anosmia and Ageusia in Patients with COVID-19 at a Primary Health Center, Doha, Qatar date = 2020-08-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3252 sentences = 179 flesch = 60 summary = The male sex, history of recent travel, smoking, and severe course of the disease were positive, highly significant association with anosmia or ageusia. Data regarding the age, gender, history of recent travel, presenting symptoms (fever, myalgia, cough, dyspnea, fatigability, sore throat, anosmia, ageusia, diarrhea, etc.), past nasal and paranasal diseases (NPND), history of smoking, and the severity of the disease were taken from every patient who tested positive. There was a positively statistically significant difference between the 2 groups of patients (with and without anosmia) regarding the following factors the male sex, history of recent travel, smokers, and severe course of the disease. There was a positively statistically significant difference between the 2 groups of patients (with and without ageusia) regarding the following factors the male sex, history of recent travel, smokers, past history of NPND, and severe course of the disease. cache = ./cache/cord-345108-gtp36snr.txt txt = ./txt/cord-345108-gtp36snr.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-330831-3b7vfv9b author = Hao, Fengyi title = A quantitative and qualitative study on the neuropsychiatric sequelae of acutely ill COVID-19 inpatients in isolation facilities date = 2020-10-19 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8241 sentences = 446 flesch = 48 summary = COVID-19 patients reported a higher psychological impact of the outbreak than psychiatric patients and healthy controls, with half of them having clinically significant symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder. Three themes emerged from the interviews with COVID-19 patients: (i) The emotions experienced by patients after COVID-19 infection (i.e., shock, fear, despair, hope, and boredom); (ii) the external factors that affected patients' mood (i.e., discrimination, medical expenses, care by healthcare workers); and (iii) coping and self-help behavior (i.e., distraction, problem-solving and online support). However, there is currently limited research on the neuropsychiatric sequalae and psychological impact of COVID-19 patients, with one study so far reporting that most clinically stable patients suffered from significant posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms 9 . The present study performed a quantitative evaluation of the neuropsychiatric sequelae of patients with acute COVID-19 infection who received treatment in the hospital isolation wards, and compared these patients with psychiatric patients and healthy controls during the COVID-19 pandemic. cache = ./cache/cord-330831-3b7vfv9b.txt txt = ./txt/cord-330831-3b7vfv9b.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-333340-ekok0mp5 author = Graf, Erin H. title = Appropriate Use and Future Directions of Molecular Diagnostic Testing date = 2020-02-06 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5773 sentences = 289 flesch = 33 summary = PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Major technologic advances in two main areas of molecular infectious disease diagnostics have resulted in accelerated adoption or ordering, outpacing implementation, and clinical utility studies. More studies are needed to assess their prospective impacts on patient management and antimicrobial stewardship efforts as the future state of infectious disease diagnostics will see continued expansion of these technologic advances. This review will highlight recent studies developing and applying emerging molecular infectious disease technologies and touch on limited published data on clinical utility and stewardship approaches. Ideally, we would evaluate all of these approaches via randomized controlled trials comparing patient outcomes between conventional microbiologic testing and testing including a syndromic panel; however, very limited studies addressing this have been published [8] . One of the only randomized controlled trials also found no difference in antibiotic usage, including duration, between adults tested via syndromic panel at the point-of-care compared to patients receiving conventional testing in a hospital emergency department and inpatient unit [15] . cache = ./cache/cord-333340-ekok0mp5.txt txt = ./txt/cord-333340-ekok0mp5.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-344075-ucd6ooob author = Bartoszek, Adrian title = Mental Well-Being (Depression, Loneliness, Insomnia, Daily Life Fatigue) during COVID-19 Related Home-Confinement—A Study from Poland date = 2020-10-12 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4515 sentences = 238 flesch = 50 summary = title: Mental Well-Being (Depression, Loneliness, Insomnia, Daily Life Fatigue) during COVID-19 Related Home-Confinement—A Study from Poland The aim of the study was to measure indicators of mental well-being in a Polish sample with regard to selected sociodemographic and health behavior data during home confinement related to COVID-19 pandemic. For this reason, our study aimed to measure mental well-being (levels of depression, insomnia, daily life fatigue, and loneliness) in a sample of the Polish population during COVID-19 related home confinement. The results have clearly shown that the pandemic and associated psychological stress are risk factors for sleep disorders and psychological diseases, e.g., the authors have shown that all of the elements of the Psychological Well-Being (PGWB) questionnaire (anxiety, depressed mood, positive well-being, self-control, general health, vitality) were significantly worse among study respondents than in previous general population data [33] . cache = ./cache/cord-344075-ucd6ooob.txt txt = ./txt/cord-344075-ucd6ooob.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-335141-ag3j8obh author = Higgins, G.C. title = FFP3 reusable respirators for COVID-19; adequate and suitable in the healthcare setting date = 2020-06-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 22051 sentences = 1230 flesch = 52 summary = The British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons, the British Society for Surgery of the Hand and the Royal College of Surgeons of England, have all issued guidance: both encouraging patients to avoid risky pursuits, which could result in accidental injuries and to members how to prioritise and optimise services for trauma and urgent cancer work. We have adapted our Hand Trauma Service to a 'One Stop Hand Trauma and Therapy' clinic, where patients are assessed, definitive surgery performed and offered immediate post-operative hand therapy where therapists make splint and give specialist advice on wound care and rehabilitation including an illustrated hand therapy guide. Local assessment of our practice is ongoing but we have found that this model has enabled a cohort of vulnerable plastic surgery trainees to successfully continue to work whilst reducing the risk of exposure to COVID-19 and providing gold standard care for patients. cache = ./cache/cord-335141-ag3j8obh.txt txt = ./txt/cord-335141-ag3j8obh.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-336131-7xqi1mnx author = Gupta, Manika title = Preclinical Studies of MSC-Derived Extracellular Vesicles to Treat or Prevent Graft Versus Host Disease: a Systematic Review of the Literature date = 2020-11-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4703 sentences = 228 flesch = 43 summary = The use of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) appears promising and a systematic review of preclinical studies is needed to accelerate the design of translational studies. In brief, eligible studies included the treatment or prevention of GVHD in animal models and the use of MSC-EVs. Study design and outcome data were extracted and reporting was evaluated using the SYRCLE tool to identify potential bias. There is a need to perform a systematic review to identify the extent to which MSC-EVs are effective in treating or preventing GVHD and to inform potential future preclinical and clinical studies regarding the optimal method of isolating and administering EVs, including aspects such as dosing and route of administration and schedules of EV treatment. Extracellular vesicles released from human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells prevent lifethreatening acute graft-versus-host disease in a mouse model of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation cache = ./cache/cord-336131-7xqi1mnx.txt txt = ./txt/cord-336131-7xqi1mnx.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-334849-8rblgq9b author = LoPresti, Marissa title = The Role of Host Genetic Factors in Coronavirus Susceptibility: Review of Animal and Systematic Review of Human Literature date = 2020-08-12 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7290 sentences = 456 flesch = 45 summary = 1 As with many complex diseases, the reality for most individuals likely involves a combination of genetic -including viral and host genetics -and non-genetic Relative to other coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-2 has unique biological properties and related clinical impact, but data regarding other coronaviruses may be relevant. This can help populate lists of genes that -along with data from related biological studies -may bear scrutiny in the developing and important large-scale host genetic 6 and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV)in pigs. In various species, efforts have focused on genes encoding the relevant coronavirus receptor, including effects of viral and host genetic changes and how these may impact the disease process. 30 In humans (see Tables 1 and S2 and Figures 3 and 4 for details on human studies of these genes, including specific references), studies of specific ACE2 polymorphisms have not shown significant associations with SARS-CoV-1 susceptibility or outcome. cache = ./cache/cord-334849-8rblgq9b.txt txt = ./txt/cord-334849-8rblgq9b.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-345611-xv62h83a author = Cavalcanti, A. B. title = Hydroxychloroquine alone or in combination with azithromycin to prevent major clinical events in hospitalised patients with coronavirus infection (COVID-19): rationale and design of a randomised, controlled clinical trial date = 2020-05-26 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4284 sentences = 225 flesch = 46 summary = Methods and analysis: We describe the rationale and design of an open-label pragmatic multicentre randomised (concealed) clinical trial of 7 days of hydroxychloroquine (400 mg BID) plus azithromycin (500 mg once daily), hydroxychloroquine 400 mg BID, or standard of care for moderately severe hospitalised patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 (in-patients with up to 4L/minute oxygen supply through nasal catheter). The control group receive the current standard of care treatment for COVID-19, which includes daily monitoring with clinical assessment of the attending physician, routine laboratory tests (blood count, urea, creatinine, liver enzymes and bilirubin, c-reactive protein) at the discretion of the attending physician, respiratory and motor physiotherapy, surveillance of vital parameters according to the patient's location (inpatient unit and ICU), at least once per period, which may be more frequent CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license It is made available under a is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. cache = ./cache/cord-345611-xv62h83a.txt txt = ./txt/cord-345611-xv62h83a.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-335251-w6k4fnpo author = Nielsen, Morten Birkeland title = Organizational Prevention and Management Strategies for Workplace Aggression Among Child Protection Workers: A Project Protocol for the Oslo Workplace Aggression Survey (OWAS) date = 2020-06-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7545 sentences = 345 flesch = 42 summary = The main objectives of the current project were to determine the impact of physical and psychological aggression on the well-being, health, and work ability of employees in the child welfare service and to establish whether a strong psychosocial safety climate and an ethical infrastructure are effective with regard to protecting employees against aggression. With previous research showing that a stressful working environment is a main cause of bullying and harassment (Hauge et al., 2007; Van den Brande et al., 2016) , employees in the child welfare service are also at increased risk of being exposed to aggression from co-workers. In this project, we will empirically examine the role of ethical infrastructure and psychosocial safety climate with regard to exposure to multiple forms of workplace aggression among child welfare workers. The questionnaire contains items and inventories that can be classified into the following five main categories: (1) demographics and background information; (2) physical and psychological aggression; (3) psychosocial safety climate and ethical infrastructure; (4) psychosocial work factors; and (5) health and well-being. cache = ./cache/cord-335251-w6k4fnpo.txt txt = ./txt/cord-335251-w6k4fnpo.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-336934-57kbz29c author = Kesteman, Thomas title = Investigating Pneumonia Etiology Among Refugees and the Lebanese population (PEARL): A study protocol date = 2019-06-13 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9602 sentences = 444 flesch = 47 summary = pneumoniae serotypes in nasopharyngeal and blood samples; identify the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of the pathogenic bacteria isolated from nasopharyngeal and blood samples and compare these profiles with antibiotic prescriptions; examine the association between respiratory viral infections and invasive pneumococcal infections; identify risk factors for CAP in this population, especially those that may be modifiable (crowding, tobacco smoking, domestic sources of smoke produced by cooking or heating, etc.), and thus provide data for prevention programs; provide current data on the incidence and severity of CAP in vulnerable populations in Lebanon; provide a unique transcriptomics dataset as regards the sociodemographic profile of the patients and spectrum of diseases; compare microbiological and transcriptomic methods in estimating viral vs bacterial attributable fractions of LRTI; and assess the operational capacity of rapid, nuclear acid-based point-of-care diagnostic tests in a humanitarian crisis. cache = ./cache/cord-336934-57kbz29c.txt txt = ./txt/cord-336934-57kbz29c.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-345086-vq4ei1do author = Johnston, Marjorie C. title = Physical Disease and Resilient Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Resilience Definitions and Study Methods date = 2015-04-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5324 sentences = 364 flesch = 49 summary = title: Physical Disease and Resilient Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Resilience Definitions and Study Methods 10 MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, PubMed, and the Cochrane database of systematic reviews were searched from inception to March 17, 2013 Studies in which physical disease was assessed for its association with resilient outcomes were included. The sample size restriction was applied for pragmatic reasons, as our early work demonstrated that studies of physical disease and resilient outcomes often involved complex analyses with multiple variables and that analyses with smaller populations were often underpowered. Bonanno (2004) defined adult resilience as "the ability of adults in otherwise normal circumstances who are exposed to an isolated and potentially highly disruptive event such as the death of a close relation or a violent or lifethreatening situation to maintain relatively stable, healthy levels of psychological and physical functioning …as well as the capacity for generative experiences and positive emotions. cache = ./cache/cord-345086-vq4ei1do.txt txt = ./txt/cord-345086-vq4ei1do.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-336000-v88bq4bx author = Barco, Stefano title = Enoxaparin for primary thromboprophylaxis in ambulatory patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (the OVID study): a structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial date = 2020-09-09 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 20392 sentences = 1064 flesch = 44 summary = OBJECTIVES: The OVID study will demonstrate whether prophylactic-dose enoxaparin improves survival and reduces hospitalizations in symptomatic ambulatory patients aged 50 or older diagnosed with COVID-19, a novel viral disease characterized by severe systemic, pulmonary, and vessel inflammation and coagulation activation. The OVID study will show whether prophylactic-dose enoxaparin improves survival and reduces any hospitalizations in ambulatory patients aged 50 or older diagnosed with COVID-19, a novel viral disease characterized by severe systemic, pulmonary, and vessel inflammation and coagulation activation. <30% of the expected number of patients six months after the enrolment of the first patient, also based on the course of SARS-CoV2 infections in Switzerland;  when the safety of the participants is doubtful or at risk, respectively, based on recommendations received from DSMB committee;  changes in accepted clinical practice that make the continuation of a clinical trial unwise, including the results of similar studies or the publication of international guidances. cache = ./cache/cord-336000-v88bq4bx.txt txt = ./txt/cord-336000-v88bq4bx.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-347207-1u4i6qmc author = Almomani, Huda Y. title = Randomised controlled trial of pharmacist-led patient counselling in controlling hypoglycaemic attacks in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (rose-adam): A study protocol date = 2020-07-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4460 sentences = 305 flesch = 55 summary = title: Randomised controlled trial of pharmacist-led patient counselling in controlling hypoglycaemic attacks in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (rose-adam): A study protocol Several studies have established the important positive role of educational interventions on achieving glycaemic control and other clinical outcomes, however, there is still a lack in studies that evaluate the impact of such type of interventions on hypoglycaemia risk in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of pharmacist-led patient counselling on reducing hypoglycaemic attacks in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Participants who are elderly (age ≥ 65 years), diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and taking insulin, sulfonylurea, or any three anti-diabetic medications will be randomly assigned to intervention (SUGAR Handshake) and control (usual care) groups. cache = ./cache/cord-347207-1u4i6qmc.txt txt = ./txt/cord-347207-1u4i6qmc.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-344498-mwgccbfo author = Casado-Aranda, Luis-Alberto title = Analysis of the Scientific Production of the Effect of COVID-19 on the Environment: A Bibliometric Study date = 2020-11-03 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5776 sentences = 332 flesch = 46 summary = These publications can be broken down into six main themes: (i) a sharp reduction in air pollution and an improvement of the level of water pollution; (ii) the relationship of wind speed (positive), ultraviolet radiation (positive) and humidity (negative) with the rate of infections; (iii) the effect of the pandemic on the food supply chain and waste habits; (iv) wastewater monitoring offers a great potential as an early warning sign of COVID-19 transmission; (v) artificial intelligence and smart devices can be of great use in monitoring citizen mobilization; and (vi) the lessons gleaned from the pandemic that help define actions to mitigate climate change. The intention of the current study is to offer a first straightforward report on the evolution of publications combining the effect of COVID-19 on the environment since the outset of the pandemic, as well as to identify the main lines of research that are surging as a result of the crisis and establish a research agenda for environmental scholars. cache = ./cache/cord-344498-mwgccbfo.txt txt = ./txt/cord-344498-mwgccbfo.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-344902-bittqpyo author = Scott, Jennifer title = A systematic review of the physical activity levels of acutely ill older adults in Hospital At Home settings: an under-researched field date = 2020-10-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4905 sentences = 224 flesch = 41 summary = title: A systematic review of the physical activity levels of acutely ill older adults in Hospital At Home settings: an under-researched field PURPOSE: The purpose of this review was to identify, evaluate and synthesise existing evidence reporting the physical activity levels of acutely ill older patients in a 'Hospital At Home' setting and compare this to patients with similar characteristics treated in a traditional hospital inpatient setting. CONCLUSION: There is a lack of published research on the physical activity levels of acutely-ill older adults in Hospital at Home settings. The aim of this review was to identify, evaluate and synthesise the evidence on the physical activity levels of acutely ill older patients undergoing treatment in an HaH vs inpatient setting. This review has provided an indication of the baseline activity levels of inpatients suitable for a Hospital at Home service, however primary objective research is needed in this treatment setting. cache = ./cache/cord-344902-bittqpyo.txt txt = ./txt/cord-344902-bittqpyo.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-348570-plds5kbn author = Buneviciene, Inesa title = Can mHealth interventions improve quality of life of cancer patients? A systematic review and meta-analysis date = 2020-10-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5428 sentences = 260 flesch = 41 summary = In this systematic-review and meta-analysis, we explored the possible impact of health interventions delivered via mHealth tools on HRQoL of cancer patients. We aimed to systematically review studies that investigated the possible impact of health interventions delivered via mHealth tools on the HRQoL of patients with cancer and to pool the reported results from the original studies in a meta-analysis, when feasible. Finally, a healthy eating and physical activity feedback app (BENECA) administered to 80 overweight or obese breast cancer patients improved global health perception, physical, emotional, cognitive and social functioning domains, in addition to fatigue dyspnea and insomnia symptom severity, as evaluated by the EORTC-QLQ-C30 questionnaire [35] . One study in 114 breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy randomized patients to either an app-based support program (mHealth intervention group) or to usual care (control group), which comprised a health supportive care during chemotherapy as inpatients. cache = ./cache/cord-348570-plds5kbn.txt txt = ./txt/cord-348570-plds5kbn.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-348490-dqabq6d8 author = Maeder, Muriel N. title = Sickle-cell disease in febrile children living in a rural village of Madagascar and association with malaria and respiratory infections date = 2016-12-01 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4287 sentences = 210 flesch = 49 summary = title: Sickle-cell disease in febrile children living in a rural village of Madagascar and association with malaria and respiratory infections From May 2011 to November 2013, a cross-sectional study was conducted in the rural village of Ampasimanjeva in the south east cost of Madagascar aiming to identify blood-borne protein biomarkers that can differentiate the causes of unexplained acute febrile illness in children. Our study shows that prevalence of SCD was 2.4% and that of SCT 23.8% among children aged 2-59 months presenting with fever and living in high endemic area for malaria. However, among the 23 viral and atypical bacteria pathogens studied, there was no statistical difference in prevalence between the three groups for 20 of them and include HRV the most common respiratory virus detected or influenza virus A (H1N1)/ pdm09 known to increase disease severity in children with SCD [29] . cache = ./cache/cord-348490-dqabq6d8.txt txt = ./txt/cord-348490-dqabq6d8.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-346327-dgpkiqgu author = Ferriss, J. Stuart title = Systematic Review of Intraoperative Assessment Tools in Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery date = 2020-10-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2013 sentences = 132 flesch = 46 summary = Objective : To collect, summarize, and evaluate the currently available intraoperative rating tools used in abdominal minimally invasive gynecologic surgery (MIGS). Conclusions Procedure specific intraoperative assessment tools for MIGS cases are more 37 thoroughly evaluated compared to global tools; however, poor-quality studies and borderline 38 reliability limit their use. Conclusions Procedure specific intraoperative assessment tools for MIGS cases are more 37 thoroughly evaluated compared to global tools; however, poor-quality studies and borderline 38 reliability limit their use. Well designed, controlled studies evaluating the effectiveness of 39 intraoperative assessment tools in MIGS are needed. Articles describing the use of an evaluation tool focused on a minimally invasive 81 abdominal gynecologic procedure in the intraoperative or perioperative setting were included. Four of the studies 106 used a global assessment tool, and the remaining 6 used a tool evaluated during a specific 107 minimally invasive procedure: salpingectomy (2), supra-cervical hysterectomy, total 108 laparoscopic hysterectomy (2), and robotic hysterectomy. cache = ./cache/cord-346327-dgpkiqgu.txt txt = ./txt/cord-346327-dgpkiqgu.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-340284-xo7q4dqr author = Pappa, Sofia title = Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and insomnia among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis date = 2020-05-08 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 2967 sentences = 146 flesch = 44 summary = The aim of this rapid systematic review and meta-analysis is to examine the emerging evidence of the effects of the COVID-19 outbreak on the mental health of HCW and particularly in relation to the prevalence of anxiety, depression and insomnia. Following search terms were used: ("healthcare workers" OR "medical staff" OR "healthcare professionals") AND ("coronavirus" OR "SARS-COV-2" OR "COVID-19") AND ("depression" OR "anxiety" OR "insomnia" OR "mental health" OR "psychological"). The following data were extracted from each article by two reviews independently: study type, total number of participants, participation rate, region, percentage of physicians, nurses and other HCWs screened in the survey, number of male and female participants, assessment methods used and their cut-offs as well as the total number and percentage of participants that screened positive for depression, anxiety or insomnia. This timely rapid systematic review and meta-analyses of 13 cross-sectional studies and a total of 33062 participants provides early evidence that a high proportion of healthcare professionals experience significant levels of anxiety, depression and insomnia during COVID-19 pandemic. cache = ./cache/cord-340284-xo7q4dqr.txt txt = ./txt/cord-340284-xo7q4dqr.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-341745-2txzi7kb author = Singh, S. title = Efficacy and Safety of Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine for COVID-19: A systematic review date = 2020-05-26 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4771 sentences = 346 flesch = 50 summary = RESULTS: After a review of 175 citations, we included 5 clinical trials (total of 345 patients), 9 observational studies (n = 2529), and 6 additional studies (n = 775) reporting on the QT interval. CONCLUSIONS: Our systematic review of reported clinical studies did not identify substantial evidence to support the efficacy of hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and raises questions about potential harm from QT prolongation and increased mortality. Our systematic review of reported clinical studies did not identify substantial evidence to support the efficacy of hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine in hospitalized COVID -19 patients and raises questions about potential harm from QT prolongation and increased mortality. We included both published and unpublished clinical trials and observational studies that reported on chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine use either as a single drug or in combination with azithromycin to treat patients hospitalized patients with COVID-19. cache = ./cache/cord-341745-2txzi7kb.txt txt = ./txt/cord-341745-2txzi7kb.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-350424-gwkxxkuu author = Cleland, Brice T. title = Feasibility and Safety of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in an Outpatient Rehabilitation Setting After Stroke date = 2020-10-09 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5416 sentences = 302 flesch = 52 summary = title: Feasibility and Safety of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in an Outpatient Rehabilitation Setting After Stroke Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has strong potential for outpatient clinical use, but feasibility and safety of tDCS has only been evaluated in laboratory and inpatient clinical settings. The application of tDCS was incorporated into the standard time for the treatment session (55 min) and applied during the~15-min warmup exercise performed at each participant's comfortable intensity and personalized based on each patient's baseline self-selected gait speed. The effect of single session bi-cephalic transcranial direct current stimulation on gait performance in sub-acute stroke: A pilot study Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation over the supplementary motor area body weight-supported treadmill gait training in hemiparetic patients after stroke Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on severely affected arm-hand motor function in patients after an acute ischemic stroke: A pilot randomized control trial cache = ./cache/cord-350424-gwkxxkuu.txt txt = ./txt/cord-350424-gwkxxkuu.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-031907-ilhr3iu5 author = nan title = ISEV2020 Abstract Book date = 2020-07-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 200999 sentences = 11528 flesch = 44 summary = L.M., and the National Institutes of Health (R35GM119623) to T.R.G. The addition of a size exclusion chromatography step to various urinary extracellular vesicle concentrating methods reveals differences in the small RNA profile Introduction: Urinary extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their RNA cargo are a novel source of biomarkers for various diseases, however non-vesicular RNA (e.g. associated with proteins) is also present within urine. We then evaluated efficiency of heart targeting for eAAV9 or eAAV6 and standard AAV9 or AAV6 encoding for EGFP, mCherry or firefly luciferase in different human cell lines in vitro, in black mouse and in passive immunity nude mouse model in vivo using flow cytometry, confocal microscopy, Langendorff perfusion system and Methods: HLHS patients (n = 3) after Glenn procedure and swine (n = 3) after PAB were given RV injections of allogeneic/xenogeneic MSCs. Donor-specific, HLA-I+, exosomes were isolated from plasma. cache = ./cache/cord-031907-ilhr3iu5.txt txt = ./txt/cord-031907-ilhr3iu5.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-345454-r1ymzk6n author = Levesque, J. title = A note on COVID-19 seroprevalence studies: a meta-analysis using hierarchical modelling date = 2020-05-06 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3631 sentences = 230 flesch = 61 summary = Many of these studies find an antibody prevalence comparable to the false positive rate of their respective serology tests and the relatively low statistical power associated with each study has invited criticism. To determine the strength of the signal, we perform a meta-analysis on the publicly available seroprevalence data based on Bayesian hierarchical modelling with Markov Chain Monte Carlo and Generalized Linear Mixed Modelling with prediction sampling. The Santa Clara study shows a density function consistent with a high probability of a non-zero antibody prevalence, with a mean and a mode slightly greater than 1%, although we note that the posterior distribution does include zero. Figure 2 : The two dimensional marginal posterior distribution functions for antibody prevalence with the false positive rate at each study location from Bayesian hierarchical model. Figure 7 shows the resulting density functions for the antibody prevalence in each location from the GLMM prediction sampling. cache = ./cache/cord-345454-r1ymzk6n.txt txt = ./txt/cord-345454-r1ymzk6n.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-343844-xe9tdjrm author = Guaiana, Giuseppe title = A Systematic Review of the Use of Telepsychiatry in Depression date = 2020-10-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3062 sentences = 170 flesch = 49 summary = This systematic review explores the literature on the use of televideo to diagnose and treat MDD, particularly acceptability and patient satisfaction, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness. Study eligibility criteria included: MDD as the condition of interest, use of televideo technology, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), Adult (18 years or older) population, any clinical setting, and any healthcare professional providing care. The goal of this review is to provide a systematic review on telepsychiatry in MDD and assess its face validity, acceptability by patients and cost-effectiveness compared to in-person care, so that providers will be better equipped to understand its advantages and potential drawbacks. The authors' original intention, as specified in the protocol published on PROSPERO, was to conduct a meta-analysis of the use of telepsychiatry (meaning care provided by a psychiatrist using televideo) in depression for assessment and treatment looking at RCT only. cache = ./cache/cord-343844-xe9tdjrm.txt txt = ./txt/cord-343844-xe9tdjrm.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-340128-qxkopvot author = Schreibauer, Elena Christina title = Work-Related Psychosocial Stress in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: An Integrative Review date = 2020-10-13 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6974 sentences = 397 flesch = 48 summary = Conclusions: This review underlines the need for more and better quality research of psychosocial factors in SMEs, particularly in relation to ongoing and new challenges in the workplace, including stressors related to the process of digitalization or the development of safe working conditions during the emerge of new infectious diseases. The reviews did, however, not specifically focus on the situation of employers and employees working in SMEs. Furthermore, the Joint German Occupational Safety and Health Strategy (GDA) published recommendations for implementing psychosocial risk assessments listing five work patterns (i.e., work characteristics) that have been identified as primary stress factors in the workplace [39] : To the best of our knowledge, this review is the first to summarize and categorize the current evidence on work-related psychosocial demands with a specific focus on small and medium sized enterprises to identify gaps in current knowledge and provide a systematic overview of which psychosocial factors, outcomes and economic sectors have been considered to date. cache = ./cache/cord-340128-qxkopvot.txt txt = ./txt/cord-340128-qxkopvot.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-338332-msjtncek author = Sharifian, Neika title = Social Relationships and Adaptation in Later Life date = 2020-09-18 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 17284 sentences = 674 flesch = 38 summary = While the convoy model provides a heuristic framework within which to understand the causes and consequences of social relations over the life course, SST focuses on the individual's time perspective and what motivates social interactions while the SAVI model specifies a common strategy among older adults used to maintain high levels of well-being through emotion regulation and avoidance of conflict. An examination of the influence of early parental relationship quality on cognitive health outcomes by Sharifian and colleagues revealed that respondents from a nationally representative U.S. sample of older adults who reported higher retrospective maternal relationship quality showed less decline in episodic memory over time through reduced loneliness and depressive symptoms. Indeed, prior cross-sectional research in a nationally representative sample of American older adults has shown that the use of social technologies in later life was associated with better psychological and physical health outcomes, and these associations were mediated by lower levels of loneliness (Chopik, 2016) . cache = ./cache/cord-338332-msjtncek.txt txt = ./txt/cord-338332-msjtncek.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-341097-c96hm610 author = Mayer, Craig S. title = Analysis of data dictionary formats of HIV clinical trials date = 2020-10-05 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6899 sentences = 366 flesch = 57 summary = To facilitate aggregation across studies, we defined three types of data dictionary (data element, forms, and permissible values) and created a simple information model for each type. The presented study is limited to data dictionary analysis, although the motivation is to later analyze a large body of past HIV data elements to inform data-driven consensus on CDEs. This study is part of a larger research project titled 'Identification of Research Common Data Elements in HIV/AIDS using data science methods' [12] . We use the term Forms Data Dictionary (or forms dictionary in shorter form) to refer to a data dictionary that provides a full list of titles and descriptions of all Case Report Forms (CRFs) used in the study (or other relevant metadata for data element grouping). Use of categorical data elements in research is extremely common and, as stated earlier, most studies would be expected to provide a permissible value dictionary. cache = ./cache/cord-341097-c96hm610.txt txt = ./txt/cord-341097-c96hm610.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-352364-yj31uwiu author = El Morr, Christo title = Effectiveness of ICT-based intimate partner violence interventions: a systematic review date = 2020-09-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7302 sentences = 335 flesch = 43 summary = We reviewed the available evidence on the use of ICT-based interventions to address intimate partner violence (IPV), evaluating the effectiveness, acceptability, and suitability of ICT for addressing different aspects of the problem (e.g., awareness, screening, prevention, treatment, mental health). Key search terms included women, violence, domestic violence, intimate partner violence, information, communication technology, ICT, technology, email, mobile, phone, digital, ehealth, web, computer, online, and computerized. RESULTS: Twenty-five studies addressing screening and disclosure, IPV prevention, ICT suitability, support and women's mental health were identified. Recent systematic reviews showed that the efficacy of ICT-based mobile apps for health (mHealth) is still limited, as research in the field lacks long-term studies and existing evidences of impact are inconsistent [52] . Longitudinal impacts of an online safety and health intervention for women experiencing intimate partner violence: randomized controlled trial ICT-based interventions for women experiencing intimate partner violence: research needs in usability and mental health cache = ./cache/cord-352364-yj31uwiu.txt txt = ./txt/cord-352364-yj31uwiu.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-335975-m6lkrehi author = nan title = Proceedings of Réanimation 2018, the French Intensive Care Society International Congress date = 2018-02-05 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 89374 sentences = 5327 flesch = 52 summary = A qSOFA score relying on 3 simple clinical criteria (respiratory rate, mental status and systolic blood pressure) has been proposed to better identify septic patients with associated higher mortality outside the intensive care unit (Seymour CW et al., JAMA 2016) . We propose to determine whether the arterial oxygen pressure (PaO2) at intensive care unit (ICU) admission affects mortality at day 28 (D28) in patients with septic shock subjected to mechanical out-of-hospital ventilation. Conclusion: In this study, we report a significant association between hyperoxemia at ICU admission and mortality at D28 in patients with septic shock subjected to pre-hospital invasive mechanical ventilation. The aim of this study was to describe outcome of pediatric patient with hematologic disease hospitalized in our intensive care unit for respiratory failure and to investigate the clinical variables associated with mortality. cache = ./cache/cord-335975-m6lkrehi.txt txt = ./txt/cord-335975-m6lkrehi.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-349161-4899cq99 author = Whiting, Penny F title = Graphical presentation of diagnostic information date = 2008-04-11 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5807 sentences = 306 flesch = 41 summary = For diagnostic accuracy studies, measures of test performance (sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, likelihood ratios or diagnostic odds ratio) are plotted on the horizontal axis. ROC plots can be used to present the results of diagnostic systematic reviews, but differ from those used in primary studies as each point typically represents a separate study or data set within a study (individual studies may contribute more than one point). A summary ROC (SROC) curve can be estimated using one of several methods [12] [13] [14] [15] and quantifies test accuracy and the association between sensitivity and specificity based on differences between studies. A number of graphical displays aim to put results of diagnostic test evaluations into clinical context, based either on primary studies or systematic reviews. The inclusion of graphical displays, such as SROC plots or forest plots, in systematic reviews of test accuracy studies allows a visual assessment of heterogeneity between studies by showing the results from each individual study included in the review. cache = ./cache/cord-349161-4899cq99.txt txt = ./txt/cord-349161-4899cq99.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-344988-09vpehvf author = Overbeck, Silke title = Modulating the immune response by oral zinc supplementation: a single approach for multiple diseases date = 2008-02-05 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7943 sentences = 395 flesch = 41 summary = Zinc supplementation in diseases such as diarrhea, chronic hepatitis C, shigellosis, leprosy, tuberculosis, pneumonia, acute lower respiratory infection, and leishmaniasis seems beneficial. Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) results in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), a disease where zinc application was tested as a supporting therapeutic intervention [23] . [95] , there was no alteration of the CD4/CD8 ratio in the initial study [176] and several recent papers were unable to find effects of oral zinc on HIV-1 viral load, immune response to tuberculosis, lymphocyte subsets, CD4 + , CD8 + , and CD3 + cell counts, or antibody response to a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine [16, 27, 40, 54, 163] . Although this has not been directly investigated so far, the improvement in parameters for oxidative stress in diabetic patients indicates that the antioxidant effect of zinc is relevant for disease progression in vivo. cache = ./cache/cord-344988-09vpehvf.txt txt = ./txt/cord-344988-09vpehvf.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-350565-mejd7blb author = Lewnard, Joseph A title = Emerging Challenges and Opportunities in Infectious Disease Epidemiology date = 2019-03-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6614 sentences = 289 flesch = 29 summary = We next consider emerging paradigms in causal inference for infectious diseases, ranging from approaches to evaluating vaccines and antimicrobial therapies to the task of ascribing clinical syndromes to etiologic microorganisms, an age-old problem transformed by our increasing ability to characterize human-associated microbiota. We next consider emerging paradigms in causal inference for infectious diseases, ranging from approaches to evaluating vaccines and antimicrobial therapies to the task of ascribing clinical syndromes to etiologic microorganisms, an age-old problem transformed by our increasing ability to characterize human-associated microbiota. Although serosurveys have bolstered recent efforts to understand the geographic range and clinical spectrum of EBOV and Zika virus infections (47, 48) , the enhancement of dengue hemorrhagic fever risk by prior exposure (49) , and the role of immunologic history in influenza susceptibility and vaccine response (50) , there remain few examples of public health programs undertaking serological studies for routine surveillance, at least in civilian populations (51) . cache = ./cache/cord-350565-mejd7blb.txt txt = ./txt/cord-350565-mejd7blb.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-348841-qxkmngyk author = Kozakiewicz, Christopher P. title = Pathogens in space: Advancing understanding of pathogen dynamics and disease ecology through landscape genetics date = 2018-07-28 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7498 sentences = 343 flesch = 32 summary = Our review emphasizes the expanding utility of landscape genetic methods available for elucidating key pathogen dynamics (particularly transmission and spread) and also how landscape genetic studies of pathogens can provide insight into host population dynamics. We excluded reviews (n = 15), meeting abstracts (n = 1), purely methods-based papers (n = 6) and articles that identified as or mentioned landscape genetics but did not sufficiently incorporate landscape factors or genetic data into the study (n = 32), studies that referred to any of our pathogen-related search terms without it being a primary motivation for the study (n = 21), and studies that used words like "transmit" or "parasite" outside of the context of infectious agents (such as the transmission of behaviours) (n = 6). Spatial variation in pathogen prevalence or infection risk can be represented in much the same way as any landscape variable , making spatial data relating to presence of an infectious agent well-suited for incorporation into host landscape genetic models. cache = ./cache/cord-348841-qxkmngyk.txt txt = ./txt/cord-348841-qxkmngyk.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-353528-8a3f5hxu author = Levy, Oren title = Shattering barriers toward clinically meaningful MSC therapies date = 2020-07-22 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 13100 sentences = 546 flesch = 34 summary = Although the mechanism of action in human patients is not well elucidated, results from pre-clinical studies of Alofisel indicate that induction of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) in the presence of inflammatory factors such as interferon- (IFN-) is critical for the therapeutic effect of MSCs. This is because the enzymatic activity of IDO can inhibit T cell function and proliferation and increase the number of regulatory T cells, leading to an increase in anti-inflammatory cytokines [e.g., interleukin-10 (IL-10)] and decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines [e.g., IFN- and tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-)] (14) . (64) reported that MSCs genetically engineered to express thioredoxin-1 (Trx1)-a powerful antioxidant, transcription factor, and growth factor regulator-improved cardiac function following MI in a rat model compared to unmodified MSCs. Although preclinical Priming MSCs with small molecules is a simple and promising approach to induce the secretion of immunomodulatory and regenerative molecules, but the effect of small molecules only lasts a few hours to a few days. cache = ./cache/cord-353528-8a3f5hxu.txt txt = ./txt/cord-353528-8a3f5hxu.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-352969-rpt7xja6 author = Kataria, Ashish title = COVID-19 in Kidney Transplantation: Epidemiology, Management Considerations, and the Impact on Kidney Transplant Practice date = 2020-07-15 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5975 sentences = 367 flesch = 45 summary = 1, 4 Solid organ transplant (SOT) patients including kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) are at a uniquely increased risk of serious complications from COVID-19 because of immunosuppressive (IS) medication use, elderly age (>65 y), and preexisting comorbidities like diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. Kidney transplant recipients may be at a uniquely increased risk of serious complications from COVID-19 as compared to the general population because of a chronically immunosuppressed state and a high prevalence of comorbidities like diabetes, heart disease, and lung disease. Kidney transplant recipients may be at a uniquely increased risk of serious complications from COVID-19 as compared to the general population because of a chronically immunosuppressed state and a high prevalence of comorbidities like diabetes, heart disease, and lung disease. 71, 72 At this time, there is no evidence to suggest that kidney transplant patients are at an increased risk of thrombotic events compared with the general population for disease of similar severity. cache = ./cache/cord-352969-rpt7xja6.txt txt = ./txt/cord-352969-rpt7xja6.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-346098-gj10adoq author = Oh, Ga-Eun (Grace) title = When dessert comes close: The effects of anticipating indulgent consumption and dietary restraint on healthy food preference at restaurants date = 2020-07-16 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 9961 sentences = 485 flesch = 41 summary = The findings suggest that, despite increasing concern for healthy eating, restrained consumers ironically show a preference for unhealthy food options when anticipating a dessert consumption opportunity. In the present study, to test our predictions for the interactive effect of indulgence anticipation and dietary restraint on healthy food preference, we focus on behavioral response measured by preference for or choice of healthy food for immediate consumption in restaurant settings. In the context of sequential consumption decisions (e.g., ordering a dessert after an entrée has been served and consumed in a restaurant) (Her and Seo, 2017) , prior research has shown that, despite restrained eaters' concerns for weight control, when encountering challenges to dietary goals, they tend to forgo restraint goals and willingly consume indulgent food. Study 1 aims to test the different effects of anticipating future indulgence on the preference for healthy and unhealthy options among restrained versus unrestrained eaters (H1a; H1b). cache = ./cache/cord-346098-gj10adoq.txt txt = ./txt/cord-346098-gj10adoq.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-351530-crsii3pu author = Zhao, Fuqiang title = Caring for the Caregiver during COVID-19 Outbreak: Does Inclusive Leadership Improve Psychological Safety and Curb Psychological Distress? A Cross-sectional Study date = 2020-07-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8982 sentences = 453 flesch = 44 summary = DESIGN: Cross-Sectional Study with Temporal Separation SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTS: The researchers recruited 451 on-duty registered nurses from 5 hospitals providing patient care during the highly infectious phase of COVID-19 in January 2020 in Wuhan city, the epicentre of the outbreak in China METHODS: After obtaining permission from hospital administration, data were collected through an online questionnaire survey in three stages with temporal separation to avoid common method bias. Multi-group analysis results indicate no significant differences between respondents based on these control variables CONCLUSIONS: Recurring or prolonged experiences of stress and anxiety at the workplace, without a mechanism to counter such effects, can culminate into psychological distress. Inclusive leadership is one of the positive leadership styles studied in this paper due to its impact on the psychological distress of nurses working during the COVID-19 epidemic. cache = ./cache/cord-351530-crsii3pu.txt txt = ./txt/cord-351530-crsii3pu.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-355318-qm79gz8w author = Smit, Albertus J. title = Winter Is Coming: A Southern Hemisphere Perspective of the Environmental Drivers of SARS-CoV-2 and the Potential Seasonality of COVID-19 date = 2020-08-05 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 15419 sentences = 706 flesch = 41 summary = Knowledge of other viral respiratory diseases suggests that the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 could be modulated by seasonally varying environmental factors such as temperature and humidity. Thus, if climate factors do play a role in COVID-19 infection rates, the concurrence of transition of southern hemisphere countries to their winter season with the mid-stages of the disease transmission trajectory is of concern, especially with respect to containment policy and health system resource allocation. Environmental variables considered in preprint and peer-reviewed publications as modulators of SARS-CoV-2 transmission rates include mean, minimum and/or maximum daily temperature, and diurnal temperature range; an undefined 'humidity' variable, relative humidity, specific humidity and absolute humidity; dew point temperature; rainfall; wind speed or wind power; air pressure; some metric of solar or UV radiation; and 'air quality' (Supplementary Tables S1 and S2 ). The general prevalence of climatologically-coupled seasonal signals and environmental variable modulation seen in the majority of other viral respiratory diseases creates the expectation for a similar effect on SARS-CoV-2 and in COVID-19 epidemiology. cache = ./cache/cord-355318-qm79gz8w.txt txt = ./txt/cord-355318-qm79gz8w.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-352040-zmkjine7 author = Dominski, Fábio Hech title = Psychological variables of CrossFit participants: a systematic review date = 2020-08-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 6618 sentences = 339 flesch = 39 summary = We included studies that investigated the following topics related to the psychology of CrossFit participants for the analysis: attention, activation, cohesion, cooperation, cognition, concentration, coping, feedback, flow-feeling, leadership, motivation, satisfaction, self-determination, sense of community, decision making, mental health, perfectionism, personality, mental training, and visualisation (related to participation), abandonment, addiction, aggression, anxiety, burnout, dependence, dropout, mood, body image, perception of competence, self-confidence, self-efficacy, self-esteem, depression, emotions, stress, reaction time (related to psychological effects of participating). Exercise psychology themes such as motivation, adherence, self-esteem, attention, well-being, body awareness, exercise addiction, effort, mood, anxiety, social identity, athletic identity, sense of community, enjoyment, personality, perception of body competence, satisfaction with body image, and mental health were identified. Due to the lack of studies on dropouts of CrossFit [17] , we point out the urgency of studies specifically on the motivational characteristics that lead the participants to dropout versus continue; this may improve the understanding of physical exercise behaviours related to high-intensity functional training modalities. cache = ./cache/cord-352040-zmkjine7.txt txt = ./txt/cord-352040-zmkjine7.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-356116-c40e3zp7 author = Savory, Eric title = Western Cold and Flu (WeCoF) aerosol study – preliminary results date = 2014-08-23 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5736 sentences = 246 flesch = 48 summary = FINDINGS: A novel experimental cough chamber facility – the FLUGIE – has been developed to study the far-field aerodynamics and aerosol transport of droplets produced by the coughs from humans naturally-infected with influenza. The novelty of the current collaborative research projectthe Western Cold and Flu (WeCoF) aerosol studylies in the fact that the fluid dynamics of the jet aerosols produced by a minimally-confined cough is being examined concurrently with the biological processes associated with virus droplet formation and transmission, using human subjects when they are naturally infected by influenza virus and, again, when they return to health. A novel experimental facilitythe FLUGIEhas been designed to study the far-field aerodynamics of human coughs produced by subjects naturally-infected with respiratory viruses, together with measurement of the viral content of the droplets produced by those coughs, in order to quantify the factors relating to person-toperson airborne transmission of virus. cache = ./cache/cord-356116-c40e3zp7.txt txt = ./txt/cord-356116-c40e3zp7.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-351734-wjvhu1qg author = Kassaw, Chalachew title = The Current Mental Health Crisis of COVID-19 Pandemic Among Communities Living in Gedeo Zone Dilla, SNNP, Ethiopia, April 2020 date = 2020-08-25 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 1839 sentences = 112 flesch = 63 summary = title: The Current Mental Health Crisis of COVID-19 Pandemic Among Communities Living in Gedeo Zone Dilla, SNNP, Ethiopia, April 2020 This study aimed to assess the current mental health crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic among communities living in, Gedeo zone, Dilla, Ethiopia. The second part of the questioner was about the mental health crisis and assessed using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) a 21-item Likert scale and sored \ 30 (Normal), 30-43 (mild) and 43-59 (moderate) [ 60 (severe) [9] . Dependent variable-mental health crisis Independent variables-Age, sex, educational status, occupational status, family size, and monthly income, and KAP about COVID-19. Mental Health Crisis 44.4% of the respondents were reported mild to moderate psychological problem. This study found 44.4% of the respondents were reported mild to moderate psychological problems in response to COVID 19 pandemic. This study found that as there is a mental health crisis in the community living in the Gedeo zone, SNNP, Ethiopia. cache = ./cache/cord-351734-wjvhu1qg.txt txt = ./txt/cord-351734-wjvhu1qg.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-354216-4khdcjed author = Sultan, Shahnaz title = AGA Institute Rapid Review of the GI and Liver Manifestations of COVID-19, Meta-Analysis of International Data, and Recommendations for the Consultative Management of Patients with COVID-19 date = 2020-05-11 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5641 sentences = 336 flesch = 45 summary = Abstract Background Multiple gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms including diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, and abdominal pain, as well liver enzyme abnormalities have been variably reported in patients with COVID-19. The AGA) Institute Clinical Guideline Committee and Clinical Practice Updates Committee performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of international data on GI and liver manifestations of COVID-19. 4 More recent data from a cohort of 5700 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 within a large healthcare system in New York City revealed common comorbidities including hypertension (56.6%), obesity (41.7%), and diabetes (33.8%), and reported that 373 (14.2%) of patients required treatment in the intensive care unit, and 320 (12.2%) received invasive mechanical ventilation, in whom the mortality was 88.1% (282/320)]. Also, many of the studies in this analysis did not report on how many patients had underlying liver disease and if these patients were at an elevated risk of having increased LFTs in the setting of COVID-19 infection. cache = ./cache/cord-354216-4khdcjed.txt txt = ./txt/cord-354216-4khdcjed.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-349474-pprxwij6 author = Elshami, Wiam title = The radiology workforce’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the Middle East, North Africa and India date = 2020-09-23 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 4717 sentences = 256 flesch = 49 summary = Introduction This study aimed to investigate the response of the radiology workforce to the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on professional practice in India and eight other Middle Eastern and North African countries. The survey collected information related to the following themes: (1) demographic characteristics, (2) the impact of COVID-19 on radiology practice, and (3) fear and (4) anxiety emanating from the global pandemic. The respondents reported experiences of work-related stress (42.9%), high COVID-19 fear score (83.3% ) and anxiety (10%) during the study period. The respondents reported experiences of work-related stress (42.9%), high COVID-19 fear score (83.3% ) and anxiety (10%) during the study period. Moreover, our ability to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on radiology practices and associated factors, such as fear and anxiety, among the RWF provided more insight into the psychological needs of medical workers to continue providing quality service. cache = ./cache/cord-349474-pprxwij6.txt txt = ./txt/cord-349474-pprxwij6.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-354592-vqws942c author = Cauvin, Annick J. title = Advantages and Limitations of Commonly Used Nonhuman Primate Species in Research and Development of Biopharmaceuticals date = 2015-03-20 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7293 sentences = 317 flesch = 34 summary = The marmoset also has been used as a nonrodent second species in drug safety assessment of new chemical entities (NCEs) and, more recently, of biopharmaceuticals based on side effects, findings of given drugs, and metabolizing enzymes or receptors found to be similar to humans [16] [17] [18] [19] ; because of the closer phylogenetic relationship to humans than other second species such as the dog, common marmosets may be more suitable for certain types of PART 7 NHP-SPECIFIC ASPECTS OF STANDARD TOXICOLOGY STUDIES pharmacokinetic and toxicological screening. Conversely, study designs for use with NHPs do not cover all aspects of reproduction (e.g., direct fertility assessment through mating or egg implantation-pregnancy cannot be confirmed until day 20 of gestation) and so may not allow a full evaluation of the specific risks in humans. The cynomolgus monkey has been used as a relevant toxicology species for immunostimulatory agents such as Toll-like receptor agonists; however, while special recognition regarding the clinical risk of systemic cytokine release for certain targets is warranted, the NHP is not always predictive of this potential toxicity in humans. cache = ./cache/cord-354592-vqws942c.txt txt = ./txt/cord-354592-vqws942c.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-354306-zbkgabl2 author = Pennycook, Gordon title = Fighting COVID-19 Misinformation on Social Media: Experimental Evidence for a Scalable Accuracy-Nudge Intervention date = 2020-06-30 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 5988 sentences = 319 flesch = 51 summary = In Study 1, participants were far worse at discerning between true and false content when deciding what they would share on social media relative to when they were asked directly about accuracy. According to this account, people generally wish to avoid spreading misinformation and, in fact, are often able to tell truth from falsehood; however, they nonetheless share false and misleading content because the social media context focuses their attention on factors other than accuracy (e.g., partisan alignment). In support of this inattention-based account, recent findings showed that most participants were surprisingly good at discerning between true and false political news when asked to assess "the accuracy of headlines"-yet headline veracity had very little impact on participants' willingness to share the headlines on social media. Study 1 tested for a dissociation between accuracy judgments and sharing intentions when participants evaluated a set of true and false news headlines about COVID-19. cache = ./cache/cord-354306-zbkgabl2.txt txt = ./txt/cord-354306-zbkgabl2.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-348994-ly2fop7d author = Faustini, Annunziata title = Attributable Risk to Assess the Health Impact of Air Pollution: Advances, Controversies, State of the Art and Future Needs date = 2020-06-23 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8162 sentences = 356 flesch = 41 summary = It also summarizes the ongoing discussion about the designs and methods for assessing the air pollution impact with particular attention to improvements due to spatio-temporal analysis and other new approaches, such as studying short term effects in cohorts, and the still discussed methods of predicting the values of attributable risk (AR). The most important problems with these studies were recognized by the researchers themselves, i.e., (1) not having studied other factors potentially responsible for the effects, including air pollutants other than particulate matter (PM), (2) not having individual measurements of exposure, which could prefigure exposure measurement errors, (3) having measured mortality that was premature only by a few days, which is an effect of limited public-health impact, (4) having used different methods to study this association in different cities. cache = ./cache/cord-348994-ly2fop7d.txt txt = ./txt/cord-348994-ly2fop7d.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-353876-pb4of7s9 author = Fortaleza, Carlos Magno Castelo Branco title = Evidence, rationality, and ignorance: Agnotological issues in COVID-19 science date = 2020-09-21 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 3261 sentences = 180 flesch = 45 summary = Researchers, public health authorities, and healthcare workers should be equipped to identify such agnotological strategies, distinguish them from scientific fraud, and avoid drawing misleading inferences based on an irrational adherence to hypotheses and a lack of criticism of implausible results. It may surprise an orthodox practitioner of evidence-based medicine (EBM) to learn that, in accordance with a tradition that dates back to David Hume (1711-1776), Popper rejected induction, which refers to the notion that a series of observations and experiments (i.e., evidence) allows one to draw inferences about general scientific laws or generate "recommendations." Popper's views can be summarized as follows: "there are several sources of knowledge, but science progresses blindly toward the truth rather by eliminating errors (by continuous criticism and empirical research) than from gathering cumulative evidences." Despite major ideological differences, some of the greatest 20 th century philosophers of science (Popper 2 , Kuhn 3 , Lakatos 4 , and Feyerabend 5 ) prioritized rationality over the accumulation of evidence. cache = ./cache/cord-353876-pb4of7s9.txt txt = ./txt/cord-353876-pb4of7s9.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-354491-23cjm86c author = Muller, A. E. title = The mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic onhealthcare workers, and interventions to help them: a rapid systematic review date = 2020-07-04 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 7864 sentences = 491 flesch = 50 summary = Methods: We performed a rapid systematic review to identify, assess and summarize available research on the mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic on healthcare workers. Discussion: Healthcare workers in a variety of fields, positions, and exposure risks are reporting anxiety, depression, sleep problems, and distress during the covid-19 pandemic, but most studies do not report comparative data on mental health symptoms. Six studies reported on the implementation of interventions to prevent or reduce mental health problems caused by the covid-19 pandemic among healthcare workers. While the majority of studies were cross-sectional and assessed as having high risk of bias, several patterns in their findings were evident: more healthcare workers were interested in social support to alieve mental health impacts, only a minority were interested in professional help for these problems, and yet interventions described in the literature largely seemed to focus on relieving individual symptoms. cache = ./cache/cord-354491-23cjm86c.txt txt = ./txt/cord-354491-23cjm86c.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-353787-24c98ug8 author = Jackson, J. A. title = Immunology in wild nonmodel rodents: an ecological context for studies of health and disease date = 2015-04-27 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 8770 sentences = 333 flesch = 26 summary = Measurement of immune expression may help define individual heterogeneity in infectious disease susceptibility and transmission and facilitate our understanding of infection dynamics and risk in the natural environment; furthermore, it may provide a means of surveillance that can filter individuals carrying previously unknown acute infections of potential ecological or zoonotic importance. Potentiating much of this is the possibility of combining gene expression profiles with analytical tools derived from ecology and systems biology to reverse engineer interaction networks between immune responses, other organismal traits and the environment (including symbiont exposures), revealing regulatory architecture. Studies in wild field voles, briefly reviewed below, have aimed to identify distributional infection patterns associated with different antipathogen strategies in natural populations and to link these to expression signatures in immune-relevant genes. cache = ./cache/cord-353787-24c98ug8.txt txt = ./txt/cord-353787-24c98ug8.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-352844-wggg3ynb author = Annunziata, Francesca title = An Overview of Coumarin as a Versatile and Readily Accessible Scaffold with Broad-Ranging Biological Activities date = 2020-06-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 50752 sentences = 2326 flesch = 42 summary = Again, the coumarin derivative showed inhibitory activity on 15-LOX-1 in PC3 and DU145 cell lines, thus inducing apoptosis of the cancer cell, with the same mechanism of The results represent a good starting point for the design of novel derivatives, because most of the examined compounds exhibited selective toxicity on HeLa cells (IC 50 values between 136.4 ± 1.90 µM and 172.2 ± 1.80 µM after 24 h), whereas no negative effects on HDF normal cell's growth was detected. Since tacrine is a well-known inhibitor of the catalytic site of AChE, whereas coumarins showed affinity for the peripheral anionic site (PAS) [161] , this new compounds may be potential dual-and therefore more powerful -inhibitors of ChEs. The in vitro AChE and BuChE inhibitory activity was evaluated using the Ellman's method [159] ; among all the tested molecules, compound 105 resulted the best in AChE inhibition (IC 50 Thanks to their simple structural architecture and chemical stability, coumarins can be easily synthesized and modified in order to produce more active and selective compounds. cache = ./cache/cord-352844-wggg3ynb.txt txt = ./txt/cord-352844-wggg3ynb.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-341063-3rqnu5bu author = nan title = 38th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine: Brussels, Belgium. 20-23 March 2018 date = 2018-03-29 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 98602 sentences = 6494 flesch = 52 summary = Procacitonin (PCT) emerges as a possible predictive tool in cardiothoracic intensive care unit (CTICU).We aim at testing the predictive power of PCT for early morbidity, prolonged ventilation, ICU and hospital stay, in patients developing early fever after cardiac surgery Methods: A retrospective descriptive study done in tertiary cardiac center, enrolling patients who stayed for more than 24 hours post-operatively in the CTICU Risk stratification included additive Euro score and PCT immunoluminometricaly prior to surgery and every 48 hours in response to onset of fever. Prognostic accuracy of quick sequential organ failure assessment (qSOFA) score for mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis Introduction: The purpose of this study was to summarize the evidence assessing the qSOFA [1] , calculated in admission of the patient in emergency department (ED) or intensive care unit (ICU), as a predictor of mortality. cache = ./cache/cord-341063-3rqnu5bu.txt txt = ./txt/cord-341063-3rqnu5bu.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-022940-atbjwpo5 author = nan title = Poster Sessions date = 2016-09-07 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 241182 sentences = 12746 flesch = 47 summary = We have studied the effect of inhibition of IRE1 (inositol requiring enzyme 1), which is a central mediator of endoplasmic reticulum stress and controls cell proliferation and tumor growth, on hypoxic regulation of the expression of different proliferation related genes in U87 glioma cells. Transient inhibition of Akt and mTOR protein kinase activation in tumor cells followed by reactivation of signaling pathway did not result in a time-dependent difference on EGFR, HER2 and HER3 expression levels. In our study we aimed to determine cytotoxic effect of RES in K562 human CML cell line and to evaluate the expressions of miRNAs that are associated with genetics of leukemia after treatment with RES; to investigate target genes of miRNAs which show significant expression alterations and molecular mechanisms of RES treatment. cache = ./cache/cord-022940-atbjwpo5.txt txt = ./txt/cord-022940-atbjwpo5.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-355038-o2hr5mox author = nan title = Proceedings of Réanimation 2020, the French Intensive Care Society International Congress date = 2020-02-11 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 102485 sentences = 7028 flesch = 52 summary = Conclusion: In patients with moderate-to-severe ARDS, a higher tidal volume under PSV within the 72 h following neuromuscular blockers cessation is independently associated with the 28-day mortality.Compliance with ethics regulations: Yes. Kaplan-Meier estimate of the cumulative probability of survival according to the mean tidal volume (Vt)-lower of higher than 8 ml/ kg-under pressure support ventilation (PSV) during the "transition period" transfusion is associated with adverse events, and equipoise remains on the optimal transfusion strategy in oncologic patients in surgical setting. Compliance with ethics regulations: Yes. Patients and methods: In a retrospective monocentric study (01/2013-01/2017) conducted in cardio-vascular surgical intensive care unit (ICU) in Henri Mondor teaching hospital, all consecutive adult patients who underwent peripheral VA-ECMO were included, with exclusion of those dying in the first 24 h. Compliance with ethics regulations: Yes. Rationale: Acute respiratory failure is the leading reason for intensive care unit (ICU) admission in immunocompromised patients and the need for invasive mechanical ventilation has become a major clinical end-point in randomized controlled trials (RCT). cache = ./cache/cord-355038-o2hr5mox.txt txt = ./txt/cord-355038-o2hr5mox.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-350571-6tapkjb6 author = nan title = 45th ESCP-NSF international symposium on clinical pharmacy: clinical pharmacy tackling inequalities and access to health care. Oslo, Norway, 5–7 October 2016 date = 2017-01-10 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 106013 sentences = 6203 flesch = 48 summary = Possible solutions might be to use shared communication tools like Internet based communication programs and to introduce the patient as a participant at the IMRs. Please specify your abstract type: Research abstract Background and objective: International good pharmacy practice guidelines describe how pharmacists should counsel the patients about their medicines, offer additional services where needed, and intervene at drug related problems. Please specify your abstract type: Descriptive abstract (for projects) Background and objective: In order to improve the medication reconciliation and to implement training programs for the medical team in an associated to general hospital nursing (ASNH) home we measured the discrepancies between pharmacy registered treatments (PRT) and medical prescriptions (MP), and we analysed potentially inappropriate prescriptions according to ''American Geriatrics Society 2015 Beers Criteria'' and ''STOPP-START 2014 criteria. cache = ./cache/cord-350571-6tapkjb6.txt txt = ./txt/cord-350571-6tapkjb6.txt === reduce.pl bib === id = cord-010119-t1x9gknd author = nan title = Abstract Presentations from the AABB Annual Meeting San Diego, CA ctober 7‐10, 2017 date = 2017-09-04 pages = extension = .txt mime = text/plain words = 230193 sentences = 13234 flesch = 55 summary = Conclusion: The wide distribution in the concentration of bioactive lipids among 405 stored RBC units suggests that lipid degradation is highly donor-Background/Case Studies: To ensure availability of biological products to hospitals, blood banks have developed and validated multiple storage conditions for each of their products to maximize shelf life and quality. 1 The Department of Blood Transfusion, The PLA General Hospital, 2 The Department of Blood Transfusion, Air Force General Hospital, PLA Background/Case Studies: Recently, multi researches have reported that longer term-stored red blood cells(RBCs) units were associated with increased risks of clinically adverse events, especially in critically ill patients. Weak D types 1, 2 and 3 express all the major RhD epitopes and these patients can be managed as RhD-positive, which may lead to a reduction in unnecessary Rh immunoglobulin (RhIG) administration and conservation of RhD-negative RBCs. Study Design/Method: RHD genotyping was performed on all patient samples with weaker than expected or discrepant RhD typing results, utilizing a commercially available genotyping kit manufactured by Immucor (RHD BeadChip). cache = ./cache/cord-010119-t1x9gknd.txt txt = ./txt/cord-010119-t1x9gknd.txt ===== Reducing email addresses cord-011952-mm06uzxx cord-014538-6a2pviol cord-004584-bcw90f5b cord-001835-0s7ok4uw cord-001221-due9tloa cord-014540-27hnlu5v cord-005646-xhx9pzhj cord-014687-0am4l5ms cord-008777-i2reanan cord-014794-yppi30a0 cord-004534-jqm1hxps cord-000977-ka4261wc cord-015147-h0o0yqv8 cord-023239-06a03o14 cord-022955-vy0qgtll cord-021206-4zyqqgs0 cord-025495-udz9i0fw cord-252922-cdhnlvxv cord-282783-ps5jyjkl cord-286237-x6dr6rsh cord-286411-7sgr29xx cord-321836-rbqqgekw cord-330573-rr2r8245 cord-336000-v88bq4bx cord-335975-m6lkrehi cord-355038-o2hr5mox Creating transaction Updating adr table ===== Reducing keywords cord-007321-7gi6xrci cord-005750-54hul2lw 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cord-023211-kt5gt26t cord-350571-6tapkjb6 cord-010119-t1x9gknd cord-022940-atbjwpo5 Creating transaction Updating pos table Building ./etc/reader.txt cord-009997-oecpqf1j cord-006870-f5w6fw6q cord-005497-w81ysjf9 cord-005497-w81ysjf9 cord-005727-li8pwigg cord-005814-ak5pq312 number of items: 449 sum of words: 14,156,945 average size in words: 32,846 average readability score: 46 nouns: patients; study; results; cells; blood; treatment; group; studies; data; cell; methods; disease; analysis; time; cases; years; age; risk; patient; levels; expression; protein; care; use; conclusion; activity; days; groups; children; control; therapy; effect; effects; system; infection; rate; method; number; level; response; diagnosis; mortality; case; role; type; hospital; factors; health; cancer; day verbs: using; showed; included; increased; compare; associated; performed; found; following; identified; reported; based; evaluate; determine; suggest; reducing; assessing; develop; induced; provided; treated; observed; present; measured; related; investigated; received; required; obtained; demonstrated; studied; detect; improved; decreased; considered; indicate; revealed; leading; caused; involved; occurring; undergoing; describe; resulting; remains; made; tested; known; analyzed; given adjectives: clinical; high; significant; different; non; higher; positive; specific; low; first; acute; human; normal; severe; mean; important; new; respiratory; lower; anti; negative; common; early; primary; renal; present; medical; total; small; chronic; single; similar; several; surgical; inflammatory; possible; many; large; major; patient; pulmonary; cardiac; potential; multiple; old; available; effective; molecular; healthy; post adverbs: also; however; well; significantly; respectively; therefore; often; even; previously; especially; still; highly; recently; prior; furthermore; statistically; less; clinically; currently; moreover; frequently; particularly; critically; commonly; mainly; usually; now; later; potentially; least; approximately; together; directly; alone; finally; first; relatively; rather; additionally; strongly; almost; specifically; widely; successfully; generally; retrospectively; yet; subsequently; far; already pronouns: we; it; our; their; its; they; i; them; he; she; his; her; us; itself; you; your; one; themselves; my; me; him; himself; mrs; mg; ourselves; oneself; s; em; yourself; ours; herself; myself; igg4; iicas; iga1; ashcs; mrnas; imagej; il-1β; theirs; p210bcr; 's; cha; mine; igfbp2; hmsh2; esat-6; thee; tdcs; rrt proper nouns: ICU; CT; University; mg; C; T; II; S.; MRI; Hospital; PCR; A; CI; B; L; RNA; CF; M.; ±; COVID-19; M; C.; Health; Department; Japan; kg; AE; MS; E.; ED; Medical; Group; US; HCV; S; J.; D; P.; A.; HIV; Institute; MR; IV; Background; L.; Study; CFTR; Care; TNF; IL-6 keywords: study; patient; result; cell; covid-19; method; group; university; hospital; conclusion; dna; pcr; icu; increase; high; care; disease; day; case; treatment; health; effect; sars; year; rna; level; hiv; introduction; child; research; protein; mri; il-6; objective; copd; ards; expression; department; clinical; test; january; institute; respiratory; mortality; infection; cancer; blood; asthma; medical; intensive one topic; one dimension: patients file(s): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7110372/ titles(s): Evaluation of New Anti-Infective Drugs for the Treatment of Respiratory Tract Infections three topics; one dimension: patients; cells; patients file(s): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32048060/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7134330/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7149153/ titles(s): Proceedings of Réanimation 2020, the French Intensive Care Society International Congress | ECB12: 12th European Congess on Biotechnology | Scientific and Educational Exhibits five topics; three dimensions: patients study blood; patients results study; cells cell protein; patients results ct; study studies health file(s): https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7092506/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1681042/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7165910/, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7149153/, https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128186978000169 titles(s): 40th International Symposium on Intensive Care & Emergency Medicine: Brussels, Belgium. 24-27 March 2020 | Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. 163rd meeting, 3–5 July 1991 | Posters | Scientific and Educational Exhibits | Social Relationships and Adaptation in Later Life Type: cord title: keyword-study-cord date: 2021-05-25 time: 16:55 username: emorgan patron: Eric Morgan email: emorgan@nd.edu input: keywords:study ==== make-pages.sh htm files ==== make-pages.sh complex files ==== make-pages.sh named enities ==== making bibliographics id: cord-330994-6nu7utu1 author: Abdelrheem, Doaa A. title: The inhibitory effect of some natural bioactive compounds against SARS-CoV-2 main protease: insights from molecular docking analysis and molecular dynamic simulation date: 2020-10-01 words: 5306.0 sentences: 323.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-330994-6nu7utu1.txt txt: ./txt/cord-330994-6nu7utu1.txt summary: title: The inhibitory effect of some natural bioactive compounds against SARS-CoV-2 main protease: insights from molecular docking analysis and molecular dynamic simulation This work aimed at evaluating the inhibitory effect of ten natural bioactive compounds (1–10) as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2-3CL main protease (PDB ID: 6LU7) and SARS-CoV main proteases (PDB IDs: 2GTB and 3TNT) by molecular docking analysis. [6] So, we study the inhibitory effect of some bioactive compounds obtained from natural sources against SARS-CoV-2-3CLpro and SARS-CoV main proteases (PDB IDs: 2GTB and 3TNT). The crystal structures of SARS-CoV-2-3CLpro (PDB code: 6LU7) and main proteases of SARS-Coronavirus (Mpro) with (PDB IDs: 2GTB and 3TNT) were downloaded from the Protein Data Bank (www.pdb.org), and any heteroatoms and water molecules were removed before molecular docking studies. Based on our molecular docking analysis we found that among all studied compounds, caulerpin has the highest binding affinity against all studied receptors 6LU7, 3TNT, and 2GTB with compared to some proposed antiviral drug currently used in COVID-19 treatment. abstract: This work aimed at evaluating the inhibitory effect of ten natural bioactive compounds (1–10) as potential inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2-3CL main protease (PDB ID: 6LU7) and SARS-CoV main proteases (PDB IDs: 2GTB and 3TNT) by molecular docking analysis. The inhibitory effect of all studied compounds was studied with compared to some proposed antiviral drugs which currently used in COVID-19 treatment such as chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, remdesivir, baloxvir, lopinavir, and favipiravir. Homology modeling and sequence alignment was computed to evaluate the similarity between the SARS-CoV-2-3CL main protease and other SARS-CoV receptors. ADMET properties of all studied compounds were computed and reported. Also, molecular dynamic (MD) simulation was performed on the compound which has the highest binding affinity inside 6LU7 obtained from molecular docking analysis to study it is stability inside receptor in explicit water solvent. Based on molecular docking analysis, we found that caulerpin has the highest binding affinity inside all studied receptors compared to other bioactive compounds and studied drugs. Our homology modeling and sequence alignment showed that SARS-CoV main protease (PDB ID: 3TNT) shares high similarity with 3CLpro (96.00%). Also, ADMET properties confirmed that caulerpin obeys Lipinski’s rule and passes ADMET property, which make it a promising compound to act as a new safe natural drug against SARS-CoV-2-3CL main protease. Finally, MD simulation confirmed that the complex formed between caulerpin and 3CLpro is stable in water explicit and had no major effect on the flexibility of the protein throughout the simulations and provided a suitable basis for our study. Also, binding free energy between caulerpin and 6LU7 confirmed the efficacy of the caulerpin molecule against SARS-CoV-2 main protease. So, this study suggested that caulerpin could be used as a potential candidate in COVID-19 treatment. url: https://doi.org/10.1080/10934529.2020.1826192 doi: 10.1080/10934529.2020.1826192 id: cord-262164-cxs5xgvv author: Ackerman, Joshua M. title: What people believe about detecting infectious disease using the senses date: 2020-10-19 words: 9057.0 sentences: 454.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-262164-cxs5xgvv.txt txt: ./txt/cord-262164-cxs5xgvv.txt summary: Because existing evidence for detection does not support this ability-perceivers using auditory cues were no better than chance when attempting to identify whether coughs and sneezes were infectious in origin )-this belief could lead people to engage in social interactions that increase their risk of infection or to needlessly avoid others who pose no disease threat. Here, we investigated lay beliefs about the perceived effectiveness and likelihood of use for the five major senses when identifying dangers associated with the pathogenic reservoirs of people (Study 1) and food (Study 2). Sensory information involving sight and sound can be encoded at greater physical distances, and thus their use presents less risk of pathogen transmission relative to taste, touch, and smell (senses effective at greater distances also allow earlier identification, and perhaps avoidance, of infected targets). As in earlier studies, participants in the pathogen threat conditions rated the senses on their effectiveness and likelihood of use for determining whether another person or a food was an infection risk. abstract: Do you believe you can tell if people are sick with infectious diseases by looking at, listening to, or smelling them? Research on pathogen detection and avoidance suggests that perceivers respond with caution both to true signs of infection and to cues only heuristically associated with infection threat. But what do perceivers actually believe about the effectiveness and use of specific sensory modalities for infection detection? In several studies, participants reported perceptions of effectiveness and likelihood of using each of the major senses to identify infection threat in two types of targets: people and food. Results revealed prioritization of sight and sound with person targets and prioritization of sight and smell with food targets. These patterns appear consistent with the use of “safe senses” (avoidance of cues involving high perceived transmission risk). Beliefs about sensory use also varied depending on the specific feature being examined, with different patterns of sensory beliefs associated with evaluation of pathogenic danger than with evaluation of desirability and fit with normative standards. We discuss these lay beliefs in the context of recent calls for descriptive research in psychology as well as their implications for current and future work on the behavioral immune system. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666622720300022?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.cresp.2020.100002 id: cord-286565-bmcsyfz9 author: Akdeniz, Gulsum title: A Survey of Attitudes, Anxiety Status, and Protective Behaviors of the University Students During the COVID-19 Outbreak in Turkey date: 2020-07-15 words: 4220.0 sentences: 235.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-286565-bmcsyfz9.txt txt: ./txt/cord-286565-bmcsyfz9.txt summary: This study aims to assess the spread and frequency of protective behaviors, emotional and anxiety status among the Turkish population using a rapid survey during the COVID-19 outbreak. Respondents were asked about about (i) demographic and epidemiological information, (ii) protective behaviors to prevent catching the coronavirus, (iii) different emotions and thoughts caused by the COVID-19 outbreak, (iv) anxiety status during the COVID-19 outbreak, and (v) exposure to COVID-19 Outbreak on TV. So, the current study aimed to determine the prevalence and distribution of anxiety and emotional status and protective behaviors among the young Turkish population and examine their associations with media exposure using a rapid assessment during the COVID-19 outbreak. So, the current study aimed to determine the prevalence and distribution of anxiety and emotional status and protective behaviors among the young Turkish population and examine their associations with media exposure using a rapid assessment during the COVID-19 outbreak. abstract: A new coronavirus disease began on 31 December 2019 in Wuhan/China and has caused a global outbreak in only a few months resulting in millions being infected. In conjunction with its’ physical side effects, this outbreak also has a tremendous impact on psychology health. This study aims to assess the spread and frequency of protective behaviors, emotional and anxiety status among the Turkish population using a rapid survey during the COVID-19 outbreak. An online questionnaire was administered to 3,040 respondents between the ages of 18–30. This cross-sectional study was conducted from Apr 2 to Apr 8, 2020. While questions related to the outbreak were created by members of our neuroscience department, the Turkish version of the Abbreviated Beck Anxiety Inventory was included in our survey to measure anxiety status. Pearson correlation coefficient was used for statistical analysis. We found that 90% of respondents report washing hands more frequently since the outbreak while %50 wear protective gloves. Respondents were more fearful of their relatives catching the coronavirus disease than they were of themselves catching it. In response to the question, “What are your emotions about the coronavirus?”, 38% responded with “worried”. There was a significant correlation between anxiety status and consumption information from the media about COVID-19. Individual early protection behaviors might slow transmission of the outbreak. Our results showed that the behavior of the participants has changed in predictable ways during the COVID-19 outbreak. Understanding how emotional responses such as fear and anxiety status vary and the specific factors that mediate it may help with the design of outbreak control strategies. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32760303/ doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.00695 id: cord-257073-dm80bxnd author: Akmatov, Manas K. title: E-mail-based symptomatic surveillance combined with self-collection of nasal swabs: a new tool for acute respiratory infection epidemiology date: 2011-08-17 words: 3515.0 sentences: 177.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-257073-dm80bxnd.txt txt: ./txt/cord-257073-dm80bxnd.txt summary: OBJECTIVE: We examined the feasibility of combining communication by e-mail and self-collection of nasal swabs for the prospective detection of acute respiratory infections in a non-medical setting. Conclusions: Combining e-mail-based symptomatic surveillance with nasal self-swabbing promises to be a powerful tool for the real-time identification of incident cases of acute respiratory infections and the associated pathogens in population-based studies. Conclusions: Combining e-mail-based symptomatic surveillance with nasal self-swabbing promises to be a powerful tool for the real-time identification of incident cases of acute respiratory infections and the associated pathogens in population-based studies. We tested the feasibility of combining real-time symptomatic surveillance with nasal self-swabbing for the prospective collection of epidemiologic and virological data on acute respiratory infections. Combining e-mail-based active symptomatic surveillance with self-collection of nasal swabs ensured prospective, accurate collection of data on incident episodes of acute respiratory infections and timely sample collection for the detection of respiratory pathogens. abstract: OBJECTIVE: We examined the feasibility of combining communication by e-mail and self-collection of nasal swabs for the prospective detection of acute respiratory infections in a non-medical setting. METHODS: The study was conducted among a convenience sample of employees (n = 53) at a research institution (December 2009–April 2010). Real-time data on the occurrence of acute respiratory symptoms and a nasal self-swab were collected prospectively, with automated weekly e-mails as a reminder mechanism. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect respiratory viral pathogens in the swabs. RESULTS: Fifty-one out of 53 participants completed the study. The study design was well accepted. Thirty (∼57%) participants reported at least one episode of acute respiratory infection and returned the nasal swab during the study period (eight participants reported two episodes). The majority had no difficulties taking the self-swab and preferred this to swabbing by study personnel. Most participants obtained and returned the swabs within the recommended time. Viral respiratory pathogens were detected in 19 of 38 swabs (50%), with coronaviruses 229E/NL63 and OC43 and rhinoviruses A and B constituting 17 positive swabs (89%). CONCLUSIONS: Combining e-mail-based symptomatic surveillance with nasal self-swabbing promises to be a powerful tool for the real-time identification of incident cases of acute respiratory infections and the associated pathogens in population-based studies. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S120197121100155X doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2011.07.005 id: cord-345108-gtp36snr author: Al-Ani, Raid M. title: Prevalence of Anosmia and Ageusia in Patients with COVID-19 at a Primary Health Center, Doha, Qatar date: 2020-08-19 words: 3252.0 sentences: 179.0 pages: flesch: 60.0 cache: ./cache/cord-345108-gtp36snr.txt txt: ./txt/cord-345108-gtp36snr.txt summary: The male sex, history of recent travel, smoking, and severe course of the disease were positive, highly significant association with anosmia or ageusia. Data regarding the age, gender, history of recent travel, presenting symptoms (fever, myalgia, cough, dyspnea, fatigability, sore throat, anosmia, ageusia, diarrhea, etc.), past nasal and paranasal diseases (NPND), history of smoking, and the severity of the disease were taken from every patient who tested positive. There was a positively statistically significant difference between the 2 groups of patients (with and without anosmia) regarding the following factors the male sex, history of recent travel, smokers, and severe course of the disease. There was a positively statistically significant difference between the 2 groups of patients (with and without ageusia) regarding the following factors the male sex, history of recent travel, smokers, past history of NPND, and severe course of the disease. abstract: Loss of smell and taste are common complaints in patients with the COVID-19 disease. These symptoms may present alone or with other symptoms. It is of utmost importance to know their rates of occurrence for better controlling of the infection. The aim of the study was to detect the prevalence of anosmia and ageusia in individuals with COVID-19 in Al-Wajbah Primary Health Center, Doha, Qatar. This retrospective study was conducted at Al-Wajbah Primary Health Center, Doha, Qatar. The study covered the two-month period -May and June 2020. The proven cases of COVID-19 by real-time PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) were enrolled in the study. Data regarding the age, gender, symptomatology including anosmia and ageusia, history of recent travel, smoking, past history of nasal and paranasal diseases (NPND), and severity of the disease were taken from the patients’ records. IBM- SPSS version 22 statistical software was used for the analysis of the data. Out of 141, 35 (24.82%) subject presented with anosmia, ageusia or both. Most of the patients were from age group > 30 year (n = 104, 73.76%) with nearly equal gender. The majority of the individuals were without history of recent travel (92.2%) and smoking (80.14%). Three-quarters of the patients were asymptomatic, and 51.06% with a past history of NPND. The male sex, history of recent travel, smoking, and severe course of the disease were positive, highly significant association with anosmia or ageusia. All patients returned to their normal smell and taste sensations within a mean duration of 6.89 days. Loss of taste and smell were common symptomatology of COVID-19 disease. The males, recent travel, smoking, and severe course of the disease were risk factors of the anosmia and ageusia in COVID-19 cases. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32837952/ doi: 10.1007/s12070-020-02064-9 id: cord-347207-1u4i6qmc author: Almomani, Huda Y. title: Randomised controlled trial of pharmacist-led patient counselling in controlling hypoglycaemic attacks in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (rose-adam): A study protocol date: 2020-07-29 words: 4460.0 sentences: 305.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-347207-1u4i6qmc.txt txt: ./txt/cord-347207-1u4i6qmc.txt summary: title: Randomised controlled trial of pharmacist-led patient counselling in controlling hypoglycaemic attacks in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (rose-adam): A study protocol Several studies have established the important positive role of educational interventions on achieving glycaemic control and other clinical outcomes, however, there is still a lack in studies that evaluate the impact of such type of interventions on hypoglycaemia risk in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of pharmacist-led patient counselling on reducing hypoglycaemic attacks in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Participants who are elderly (age ≥ 65 years), diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and taking insulin, sulfonylurea, or any three anti-diabetic medications will be randomly assigned to intervention (SUGAR Handshake) and control (usual care) groups. abstract: INTRODUCTION: Hypoglycaemia is one of the most serious adverse effects of diabetes treatment. Older adults are at the highest risk to develop hypoglycaemia. Several studies have established the important positive role of educational interventions on achieving glycaemic control and other clinical outcomes, however, there is still a lack in studies that evaluate the impact of such type of interventions on hypoglycaemia risk in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the effectiveness of pharmacist-led patient counselling on reducing hypoglycaemic attacks in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: and analysis: This study is an open-label, parallel controlled randomised trial, which will be conducted in the outpatient clinics at the largest referral hospital in the north of Jordan. Participants who are elderly (age ≥ 65 years), diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and taking insulin, sulfonylurea, or any three anti-diabetic medications will be randomly assigned to intervention (SUGAR Handshake) and control (usual care) groups. The SUGAR Handshake participants will have an interactive, individualised, medications-focused counselling session reinforced with a pictogram and a phone call at week six of enrolment. The primary outcome measure is the frequency of total hypoglycaemic events within 12 weeks of follow up. Secondary outcomes include the frequency of asymptomatic, symptomatic, and severe hypoglycaemic events, hypoglycaemia incidence, and time to the first hypoglycaemic attack. We will also conduct a nested qualitative study for process evaluation. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The Human Research Ethics Committee of the University of Lincoln and the Institutional Review Board of King Abdullah University Hospital approved this protocol. The findings of this study will be presented in international conferences and published in a peer-reviewed journal. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: The study protocol has been registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04081766. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S1551741120308354 doi: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2020.07.012 id: cord-316746-toen5nvr author: Alves, F. title: Canine parvovirus: a predicting canine model for sepsis date: 2020-06-15 words: 6205.0 sentences: 320.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-316746-toen5nvr.txt txt: ./txt/cord-316746-toen5nvr.txt summary: The possibility of stratifying and classifying septic dogs was assessed using a proposed animal adapted PIRO (Predisposition, Infection, Response and Organ dysfunction) scoring system. RESULTS: The 72 dogs enrolled in this study were scored for each of the PIRO elements, except for Infection, as all were considered to have the same infection score, and subjected to two sets of SIRS criteria, in order to measure their correlation with the outcome. The main objective of the current study was to assess the prognostic value of the presenting vital signs as well as to evaluate the possibility of stratifying and classifying septic animals according to a proposed PIRO classification system, using parvovirus infection as a natural model for sepsis study [10] . Table 1 gathers all leucocyte counts, a selection of clinical examination parameters (Temperature, Heart Rate and Respiratory Rate), all individual variables of PIRO (P=Predisposition, I=Infection, R = Response, O=Organ Dysfunction), the total PIRO score and both SIRS criteria for survivors and non-survivors dogs. abstract: BACKGROUND: Sepsis is a severe condition associated with high prevalence and mortality rates. Parvovirus enteritis is a predisposing factor for sepsis, as it promotes intestinal bacterial translocation and severe immunosuppression. This makes dogs infected by parvovirus a suitable study population as far as sepsis is concerned. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the differences between two sets of SIRS (Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome) criteria in outcome prediction: SIRS 1991 and SIRS 2001. The possibility of stratifying and classifying septic dogs was assessed using a proposed animal adapted PIRO (Predisposition, Infection, Response and Organ dysfunction) scoring system. RESULTS: The 72 dogs enrolled in this study were scored for each of the PIRO elements, except for Infection, as all were considered to have the same infection score, and subjected to two sets of SIRS criteria, in order to measure their correlation with the outcome. Concerning SIRS criteria, it was found that the proposed alterations on SIRS 2001 (capillary refill time or mucous membrane colour alteration) were significantly associated with the outcome (OR = 4.09, p < 0.05), contrasting with the 1991 SIRS criteria (p = 0.352) that did not correlate with the outcome. No significant statistical association was found between Predisposition (p = 1), Response (p = 0.1135), Organ dysfunction (p = 0.1135), total PIRO score (p = 0.093) and outcome. To explore the possibility of using the SIRS criteria as a fast decision-making tool, a Fast-and-Frugal tree (FFT) was created with a sensitivity of 92% and a specificity of 29%. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that increasing the SIRS criteria specificity may improve their prognostic value and their clinical usefulness. In order to improve the proposed PIRO scoring system outcome prediction ability, more specific criteria should be added, mainly inflammatory and organ dysfunction biomarkers. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32539830/ doi: 10.1186/s12917-020-02417-0 id: cord-264133-yj100ryt author: Anderson, Gregory S. title: Peer Support and Crisis-Focused Psychological Interventions Designed to Mitigate Post-Traumatic Stress Injuries among Public Safety and Frontline Healthcare Personnel: A Systematic Review date: 2020-10-20 words: 6344.0 sentences: 285.0 pages: flesch: 39.0 cache: ./cache/cord-264133-yj100ryt.txt txt: ./txt/cord-264133-yj100ryt.txt summary: Thematic groups identified within the literature included CISD (n = 5: included 2 studies with undefined organizationally-offered or -facilitated debriefing) and critical incident stress management (CISM, n = 1), as well as several peer support programs (n = 8) including types of psychological or mental health first aid and trauma risk management. Thematic groups identified within the literature included CISD (n = 5: included 2 studies with undefined organizationally-offered or -facilitated debriefing) and critical incident stress management (CISM, n = 1), as well as several peer support programs (n = 8) including types of psychological or mental health first aid and trauma risk management. The current review identified 14 studies measuring the effectiveness of peer support programs and crisis-focused psychological interventions among PSP and FHP following exposure to a PPTE with the hopes of mitigating PTSIs, and ultimately PTSD. abstract: Public safety personnel (PSP) and frontline healthcare professionals (FHP) are frequently exposed to potentially psychologically traumatic events (PPTEs), and report increased rates of post-traumatic stress injuries (PTSIs). Despite widespread implementation and repeated calls for research, effectiveness evidence for organizational post-exposure PTSI mitigation services remains lacking. The current systematic review synthesized and appraised recent (2008–December 2019) empirical research from 22 electronic databases following a population–intervention–comparison–outcome framework. Eligible studies investigated the effectiveness of organizational peer support and crisis-focused psychological interventions designed to mitigate PTSIs among PSP, FHP, and other PPTE-exposed workers. The review included 14 eligible studies (n = 18,849 participants) that were synthesized with qualitative narrative analyses. The absence of pre–post-evaluations and the use of inconsistent outcome measures precluded quantitative meta-analysis. Thematic services included diverse programming for critical incident stress debriefing, critical incident stress management, peer support, psychological first aid, and trauma risk management. Designs included randomized control trials, retrospective cohort studies, and cross-sectional studies. Outcome measures included PPTE impacts, absenteeism, substance use, suicide rates, psychiatric symptoms, risk assessments, stigma, and global assessments of functioning. Quality assessment indicated limited strength of evidence and failures to control for pre-existing PTSIs, which would significantly bias program effectiveness evaluations for reducing PTSIs post-PPTE. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33092146/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17207645 id: cord-287367-1sdt9zz8 author: Andrews, Denise title: Multiplex PCR point of care testing versus routine, laboratory-based testing in the treatment of adults with respiratory tract infections: a quasi-randomised study assessing impact on length of stay and antimicrobial use date: 2017-10-10 words: 6429.0 sentences: 297.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-287367-1sdt9zz8.txt txt: ./txt/cord-287367-1sdt9zz8.txt summary: title: Multiplex PCR point of care testing versus routine, laboratory-based testing in the treatment of adults with respiratory tract infections: a quasi-randomised study assessing impact on length of stay and antimicrobial use Consequently, though respiratory viruses are frequently isolated in community acquired pneumonia (CAP) [2] and are reported to be responsible for 12.8% of CAP cases admitted to UK hospitals [3] , the decision to manage as a viral RTI or treat for bacterial infection including Mycoplasma pneumoniae or Chlamydia pneumoniae (''atypical bacteria'') is based upon the clinical scenario and severity criteria such as the CURB-65 score. We undertook a study to assess the FilmArray® RP panel as a POC test compared to routine, laboratory-based detection methods in order to assess the impact on length of stay and antibiotic utilization. The aim of the study was to determine whether in adults presenting with upper respiratory tract infection (URTI)/ influenza-like illness (ILI) +/− lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI), FilmArray® RP panel POC testing, when compared to the routine, laboratory-based RP testing was associated with length of hospital stay or antimicrobial use. abstract: BACKGROUND: Laboratory-based respiratory pathogen (RP) results are often available too late to influence clinical decisions such as hospitalisation or antibiotic treatment due to time delay in transport of specimens and testing schedules. Ward-based i.e. point of care (POC) testing providing rapid results may alter the clinical management pathway. METHODS: FilmArray® RP polymerase chain reaction (PCR) systems were placed in three in-patient and out-patient medical areas. Patients presenting with influenza-like illness /upper respiratory tract infection +/− lower RTI were recruited between January–July 2015. FilmArray® POC testing occurred on even days of the month (intervention) or routine, laboratory-based RP PCR testing +/− atypical serology on odd days (control). The primary outcome was length of hospital stay. The secondary outcomes were impact on the use of antimicrobials, readmissions, all-cause mortality, length of ward stay and turn-around time (TAT) (time to result from admission). RESULTS: Of 606 eligible patients, 545 (89.9%) were included; 211 in the control arm and 334 in the intervention arm. 20% of control arm patients and 24% of intervention arm patients had an RP detected. POC testing was not associated with the primary outcome measure, length of stay, but reduced the TAT from 39.5 h to 19.0 h, p < 0.001. Only the prescribing decision differed between study arms, p < 0.001. When antivirals were given, the intervention was associated with a reduction in the median time to the first dose of 36 h and allowed appropriate treatment of mycoplasma infection. CONCLUSIONS: We found no association between respiratory PCR POC testing and length of stay or most of the secondary outcomes except the antimicrobial prescribing decision. This was probably due to a delay in initiating FilmArray® testing. Despite this, POC testing allowed time-critical antivirals to be given significantly faster, appropriate mycoplasma treatment and results were available considerably faster than routine, laboratory-based testing. Ward-staff of all grades performed POC testing without difficulty suggesting potential use across many divergent healthcare settings. Further studies evaluating the implementation of rapid respiratory PCR POC testing and the effect on length of stay and antimicrobial use are required. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN10470967, Retrospectively Registered, 30/6/2015. url: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-017-2784-z doi: 10.1186/s12879-017-2784-z id: cord-301143-o12we0uw author: Andualem, Atsedemariam title: Adherence to Lifestyle Modifications and Associated Factors Among Adult Hypertensive Patients Attending Chronic Follow-Up Units of Dessie Referral Hospital, North East Ethiopia, 2020 date: 2020-10-23 words: 6067.0 sentences: 310.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-301143-o12we0uw.txt txt: ./txt/cord-301143-o12we0uw.txt summary: title: Adherence to Lifestyle Modifications and Associated Factors Among Adult Hypertensive Patients Attending Chronic Follow-Up Units of Dessie Referral Hospital, North East Ethiopia, 2020 Adherence to recommended lifestyle modification can be affected by demographic factors; patients'' level of monthly income, educational level, age, co-morbidity, knowledge about the disease, self-efficacy, social support, smoking, obesity, harmful use of alcohol and sedentary lifestyle, continuity of health education and counseling as well as motivation. Therefore this study aimed to assess adherence to lifestyle modifications and associated factors among hypertensive patients attending chronic follow-up units of Dessie referral hospital. This study aimed to investigate adherence to recommended lifestyle modifications and associated factors among hypertensive patients attending chronic follow-up units of Dessie referral hospital, North East Ethiopia. Adherence to recommended lifestyle modifications and factors associated for hypertensive patients attending chronic follow-up units of selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa abstract: BACKGROUND: Hypertension is a major health problem throughout the world which affects over one billion people due to severe complications and inadequate control. Even though lifestyle modification is one of the most effective ways to prevent and control hypertension, only little emphasis has been given for it compared with treating hypertension with medication. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess adherence to lifestyle modifications and associated factors among hypertensive patients attending Dessie referral hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Institutional-based cross-sectional study design was conducted among 301 hypertensive patients during May and June, 2020. The study participants were selected with a convenient sampling technique due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected using pre-tested and structured face to face interviewer-administered questionnaire and checked, cleaned and entered into Epi data version 4.4 and exported to SPSS version 25.0 software for analysis. The associations between independent variables and dependent variable were analyzed using binary logistic regression models. RESULTS: A total of 301 respondents participated in the study yielding a response of 100%. The overall adherence in this study was only 23.6%. Independent predictors of adherence to lifestyle modifications were divorced (AOR=0.35; 95% CI (0.13–0.94)) and widowed (AOR=0.27; 95% CI (0.10–0.75)), secondary school education (AOR=4.85; 95% CI (1.54–15.22)), no regular income (AOR=0.22; 95% CI (0.08–0.65)) or monthly income of ≥3000 ETB (AOR=5.58; 95% CI (2.46–12.66)), having co-morbidities (AOR=2.37; CI (1.23–4.57)), good knowledge about the disease (AOR=1.83; CI (0.92–3.65)) and good self-efficacy (AOR=3.64; CI (1.75–7.55)). CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The overall adherence to recommended lifestyle modifications was very low. The independent predictors were marital status, educational level, monthly income, having co-morbidities, knowledge and self-efficacy. Therefore, multifaceted and collaborative implementation of strategies about lifestyle modifications for hypertension prevention and control are needed to address barriers at the patient, provider, system and community levels. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33122940/ doi: 10.2147/ibpc.s275575 id: cord-013830-qfvceu65 author: Ang, Juan Lyn title: A systematic review of real-world evidence of the management of macular oedema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion date: 2020-04-20 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: This review assessed the real-world evidence of the management of macular oedema secondary to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO). A meta-analysis of 2530 eyes from 48 real-world studies of therapies for macular oedema secondary to BRVO was conducted. Baseline characteristics, visual, anatomical and safety outcomes were recorded. The weighted mean and weighted estimates from random-effects models were calculated for visual acuity (VA) and central subfield thickness (CST) changes at 6, 12 and 24 months. Primary outcome was change in VA (logMAR letters) at 12 months. Study quality was assessed using the quality appraisal checklist for case series developed by Institute of Health Economics. The mean baseline VA for the pooled data was 54.0 (51.5, 56.5) letters and the mean baseline CST was 501.3 (483.5, 519.1) µm. The random-effects estimate for mean (95% CI) change in VA was 14.6 (12.5, 16.7) letters at 12 months (n = 1727). The random-effects estimate for mean (95% CI) change in CST was −181.7 (−230.7, −132.7) µm at 12 months (n = 1325). The quality of studies varied considerably. Ocular and systemic adverse events were discussed in 79% and 42% of treatment arms respectively, with possible under-reporting. Visual and anatomical gains achieved in the real-world for anti-VEGF therapy were not as impressive as seminal RCTs, possibly due to reduced injection frequency in the real world and differences in baseline characteristics. There is an urgent need for consensus on the minimum efficacy, treatment burden and safety data to collect to strengthen the real-world evidence base. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7608462/ doi: 10.1038/s41433-020-0861-9 id: cord-352844-wggg3ynb author: Annunziata, Francesca title: An Overview of Coumarin as a Versatile and Readily Accessible Scaffold with Broad-Ranging Biological Activities date: 2020-06-29 words: 50752.0 sentences: 2326.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-352844-wggg3ynb.txt txt: ./txt/cord-352844-wggg3ynb.txt summary: Again, the coumarin derivative showed inhibitory activity on 15-LOX-1 in PC3 and DU145 cell lines, thus inducing apoptosis of the cancer cell, with the same mechanism of The results represent a good starting point for the design of novel derivatives, because most of the examined compounds exhibited selective toxicity on HeLa cells (IC 50 values between 136.4 ± 1.90 µM and 172.2 ± 1.80 µM after 24 h), whereas no negative effects on HDF normal cell''s growth was detected. Since tacrine is a well-known inhibitor of the catalytic site of AChE, whereas coumarins showed affinity for the peripheral anionic site (PAS) [161] , this new compounds may be potential dual-and therefore more powerful -inhibitors of ChEs. The in vitro AChE and BuChE inhibitory activity was evaluated using the Ellman''s method [159] ; among all the tested molecules, compound 105 resulted the best in AChE inhibition (IC 50 Thanks to their simple structural architecture and chemical stability, coumarins can be easily synthesized and modified in order to produce more active and selective compounds. abstract: Privileged structures have been widely used as an effective template for the research and discovery of high value chemicals. Coumarin is a simple scaffold widespread in Nature and it can be found in a considerable number of plants as well as in some fungi and bacteria. In the last years, these natural compounds have been gaining an increasing attention from the scientific community for their wide range of biological activities, mainly due to their ability to interact with diverse enzymes and receptors in living organisms. In addition, coumarin nucleus has proved to be easily synthetized and decorated, giving the possibility of designing new coumarin-based compounds and investigating their potential in the treatment of various diseases. The versatility of coumarin scaffold finds applications not only in medicinal chemistry but also in the agrochemical field as well as in the cosmetic and fragrances industry. This review is intended to be a critical overview on coumarins, comprehensive of natural sources, metabolites, biological evaluations and synthetic approaches. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21134618 doi: 10.3390/ijms21134618 id: cord-005569-9d51l6bn author: Antonelli, Massimo title: Year in review in Intensive Care Medicine, 2008: I. Brain injury and neurology, renal failure and endocrinology, metabolism and nutrition, sepsis, infections and pneumonia date: 2008-12-09 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7094904/ doi: 10.1007/s00134-008-1371-6 id: cord-005750-54hul2lw author: Antonelli, Massimo title: Year in review in Intensive Care Medicine, 2008: III. Paediatrics, Ethics, outcome research and critical care organization, sedation, pharmacology and miscellanea date: 2009-02-10 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7095358/ doi: 10.1007/s00134-009-1433-4 id: cord-012115-hpsxi9ay author: Archie, Patrick title: Music-based interventions in palliative cancer care: a review of quantitative studies and neurobiological literature date: 2013-05-30 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: PURPOSE: This study aimed to review quantitative literature pertaining to studies of music-based interventions in palliative cancer care and to review the neurobiological literature that may bare relevance to the findings from these studies. METHODS: A narrative review was performed, with particular emphasis on RCTs, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews. The Cochrane Library, Ovid, PubMed, CINAHL Plus, PsycINFO, and ProQuest were searched for the subject headings music, music therapy, cancer, oncology, palliative care, pain, anxiety, depression, mood, quality of life, prevalence, neuroscience, functional imaging, endogenous opioids, GABA, 5HT, dopamine, and permutations of these same search terms. Data for the review were comprised of articles published between 1970 and 2012. References of all the cited articles were also reviewed. RESULTS: Available evidence suggests that music-based interventions may have a positive impact on pain, anxiety, mood disturbance, and quality of life in cancer patients. Advances in neurobiology may provide insight into the potential mechanisms by which music impacts these outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: More research is needed to determine what subpopulation of cancer patients is most likely to respond to music-based interventions, what interventions are most effective for individual outcomes, and what measurement parameters best gauge their effectiveness. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3728458/ doi: 10.1007/s00520-013-1841-4 id: cord-251962-xeue441p author: Armour, Cherie title: The COVID-19 Psychological Wellbeing Study: Understanding the Longitudinal Psychosocial Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the UK; a Methodological Overview Paper date: 2020-11-04 words: 10287.0 sentences: 482.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-251962-xeue441p.txt txt: ./txt/cord-251962-xeue441p.txt summary: The aim of this paper was to describe (1) the rationale behind the study and the corresponding selection of constructs to be assessed; (2) the study design and methodology; (3) the resultant sociodemographic characteristics of the full sample; (4) how the baseline survey data compares to the UK adult population (using data from the Census) on a variety of sociodemographic variables; (5) the ongoing efforts for weekly and monthly longitudinal assessments of the baseline cohort; and (6) outline future research directions. 2005) , posttraumatic stress symptoms were measured, and, given the nature of the study and prior research having highlighted that quarantined and infected individuals and their family 1 Please note that these figures refer to deaths of people who had a confirmed positive COVID19 test result. In order to assess the representativeness of the COVID-19 Psychological Wellbeing Study sample to the UK general population, it was compared to data from the UK Census 2011 for adults aged 18 years + . abstract: The COVID-19 Psychological Wellbeing Study was designed and implemented as a rapid survey of the psychosocial impacts of the novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), known as COVID-19 in residents across the United Kingdom. This study utilised a longitudinal design to collect online survey based data. The aim of this paper was to describe (1) the rationale behind the study and the corresponding selection of constructs to be assessed; (2) the study design and methodology; (3) the resultant sociodemographic characteristics of the full sample; (4) how the baseline survey data compares to the UK adult population (using data from the Census) on a variety of sociodemographic variables; (5) the ongoing efforts for weekly and monthly longitudinal assessments of the baseline cohort; and (6) outline future research directions. We believe the study is in a unique position to make a significant contribution to the growing body of literature to help understand the psychological impact of this pandemic and inform future clinical and research directions that the UK will implement in response to COVID-19. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10862-020-09841-4 doi: 10.1007/s10862-020-09841-4 id: cord-017208-7oew461e author: Aurigemma, Rosemarie title: Regulatory Aspects in the Development of Gene Therapies date: 2005 words: 18290.0 sentences: 816.0 pages: flesch: 37.0 cache: ./cache/cord-017208-7oew461e.txt txt: ./txt/cord-017208-7oew461e.txt summary: Table 1 Beyond a Good Idea: What the Successful Investigator Has Already Done With a Project Leading to Commercial Development Defined candidate biologic (or molecule) Made comparisons with similar products Characteristics of product are consistent with pharmaceutical requirements Production scale is adequate Product characterization is adequate Laboratory reference standard exists In vitro potency assay has been developed Stability studies develop confidence product is a "drug" Reproducible model systems have confirmed in vivo activity with clinical product Early animal work includes some toxicology Scale-up requirements practical for initial clinical trials In general, reflects experience and scientific maturity of investigator In addition to the US agencies that develop the regulations that govern drug development and licensing, the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) was formed in April 1990 involving the United States, the European Union, and Japan to address the issue of globalizing such regulations. abstract: Preclinical therapeutics development research is directed toward fulfilling two overlapping sets of goals. A set of scientific goals includes defining the best molecule or biologic construct for the task at hand, and proving the case for its development. The second set of goals addresses regulatory requirements necessary to introduce the agent into human subjects. In the case of “small molecule” drugs, in most cases the identity of the molecule and appropriate safety studies are straightforward. In contrast, the development of biologic agents, including gene therapies discussed here, presents distinct challenges. The nature of the “drug” may be an organism subject to mutation or selection of variants through recombination. Its properties may vary depending on the scale and method of its preparation, purification, and storage. How to test adequately for its safety prior to first introduction in humans may not be straightforward owing to intrinsic differences in response to the agent expected in humans as compared to animals. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7121712/ doi: 10.1007/978-1-59259-785-7_29 id: cord-333801-4pjdutgg author: Awaisu, Ahmed title: Research Designs and Methodologies Related to Pharmacy Practice date: 2019-12-31 words: 8760.0 sentences: 468.0 pages: flesch: 39.0 cache: ./cache/cord-333801-4pjdutgg.txt txt: ./txt/cord-333801-4pjdutgg.txt summary: Various study designs, including, but not limited to experimental, quasi-experimental, observational, qualitative, and mixed method designs, have been used in pharmacy practice research. The choice of a study design to answer a research question in pharmacy practice research is driven by several factors, including the type of the research question or the research hypothesis, expertise of the investigator, availability of data, and funding opportunities. Traditionally, core quantitative approaches used in pharmacy practice research include nonexperiments, quasi-experimental designs, and true experimental designs such as prospective randomized controlled intervention trials. In pharmacoepidemiology and other areas of pharmacy practice, researchers are often interested in measuring the relationships between exposure to a drug and its efficacy, toxicity, or other outcomes of interest using observational study designs. In the following section, interpretative frameworks and philosophical orientations, methodologies, data collection and analysis methods, approaches to ensure rigor, and ethical considerations in qualitative research are briefly discussed (Cohen et al., 2013; Creswell, 2013) . abstract: Abstract The need for evidence to inform policy and practice in pharmacy is becoming increasingly important. In parallel, clinical pharmacy and practice research is evolving. Research evidence should be used to identify new areas for improved health service delivery and rigorously evaluate new services in pharmacy. The generation of such evidence through practice-based research should be predicated on appropriate use of robust and rigorous methodologies. In addition to the quantitative and qualitative approaches used in pharmacy practice research, mixed methods and other novel approaches are increasingly being applied in pharmacy practice research. Approaches such as discrete choice experiments, Delphi techniques, and simulated client technique are now commonly used in pharmacy practice research. Therefore, pharmacy practice researchers need to be competent in the selection, application, and interpretation of these methodological and analytical approaches. This chapter focuses on introducing traditional and novel study designs and methodologies that are particularly pertinent to contemporary clinical pharmacy and practice research. This chapter will introduce the fundamentals and structures of these methodologies, but more details regarding the different approaches may be found within the Encyclopedia. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128127353006026 doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-812735-3.00602-6 id: cord-268149-narre5e7 author: Aziz, Muhammad Abdul title: Traditional uses of medicinal plants used by Indigenous communities for veterinary practices at Bajaur Agency, Pakistan date: 2018-01-29 words: 8419.0 sentences: 479.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-268149-narre5e7.txt txt: ./txt/cord-268149-narre5e7.txt summary: title: Traditional uses of medicinal plants used by Indigenous communities for veterinary practices at Bajaur Agency, Pakistan Most widely used medicinal plants with maximum use reports (URs) were Visnaga daucoides Gaertn., Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Solanum virginianum L., Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, Glycyrrhiza glabra L., and Curcuma longa L. It has been recognized that plants have the capacity to combat several types of diseases ethnoveterinary medicines, a term generally used for folk skills, beliefs, knowledge, practices, methods related to animals'' health, and cure of various ailments in the rural areas [1] . Indigenous people of the study area are rich in traditional knowledge on veterinary medicines, which may be due to their close observation on domestic animals being considered as an important part of traditional lifestyle. Medicinal plants with high URs strengthen the concept that such species are more significant to the local population and useful in sharing the traditional knowledge with one another in the area. abstract: BACKGROUND: The pastoral lifestyle of Indigenous communities of Bajaur Agency is bringing them close to natural remedies for treating their domestic animals. Several studies have been conducted across the globe describing the importance of traditional knowledge in veterinary care. Therefore, this study was planned with the aim to record knowledge on ethnoveterinary practices from the remote areas and share sit with other communities through published literature. METHODS: Data was gathered from community members through semi-structured interviews and analyzed through informant consensus factor (Fic) to evaluate the consent of current ethnoveterinary practices among the local people. RESULTS: In total, 73 medicinal plants were recorded under the ethnoveterinary practices. Most widely used medicinal plants with maximum use reports (URs) were Visnaga daucoides Gaertn., Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Solanum virginianum L., Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, Glycyrrhiza glabra L., and Curcuma longa L. New medicinal values were found with confidential level of citations for species including Heracleum candicans and Glycerhiza glabra. Family Apiaceae was the utmost family with high number (7 species) of medicinal plants. Maximum number of medicinal plants (32) was used for gastric problems. High Fic was recorded for dermatological (0.97) followed by reproductive (0.93) and gastrointestinal disorders (0.92). The main route of remedies administration was oral. CONCLUSIONS: Current study revealed that the study area has sufficient knowledge on ethnoveterinary medicinal plants. This knowledge is in the custody of nomadic grazers, herders, and aged community members. Plants with new medicinal uses need to be validated phytochemically and pharmacologically for the development of new alternative drugs for veterinary purposes. url: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-018-0212-0 doi: 10.1186/s13002-018-0212-0 id: cord-338730-49ai51ah author: Baashar, Yahia title: Customer relationship management systems (CRMS) in the healthcare environment: A systematic literature review date: 2020-08-31 words: 7559.0 sentences: 425.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-338730-49ai51ah.txt txt: ./txt/cord-338730-49ai51ah.txt summary: Analysis and evaluation of 19 carefully selected studies revealed three main research categories: (i) social CRM ''eCRM''; (ii) implementing CRMS; and (iii) adopting CRMS; with positive outcomes for CRM both in terms of patients relationship/communication with hospital, satisfaction, medical treatment/outcomes and empowerment and hospitals medical operation, productivity, cost, performance, efficiency and service quality. Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were: presenting an empirical and conceptual evidence; directly relevant to CRM in healthcare settings (hospitals, clinics and medical centres); papers that are conducted in developing countries; published from 2000 to present; and published in peer-reviewed journals. To synthesise the data as accurately and in an unbiased manner as possible, we performed a narrative synthesis review for effectiveness [65] of diverse study characteristics, which allowed us to categorise and identify three main CRM research categories that were relevant to healthcare settings: (i) e-CRM (Web-based CRM); (ii) implementing CRMS; and (iii) adopting CRMS. abstract: Abstract Customer relationship management (CRM) is an innovative technology that seeks to improve customer satisfaction, loyalty, and profitability by acquiring, developing, and maintaining effective customer relationships and interactions with stakeholders. Numerous researches on CRM have made significant progress in several areas such as telecommunications, banking, and manufacturing, but research specific to the healthcare environment is very limited. This systematic review aims to categorise, summarise, synthesise, and appraise the research on CRM in the healthcare environment, considering the absence of coherent and comprehensive scholarship of disparate data on CRM. Various databases were used to conduct a comprehensive search of studies that examine CRM in the healthcare environment (including hospitals, clinics, medical centres, and nursing homes). Analysis and evaluation of 19 carefully selected studies revealed three main research categories: (i) social CRM ‘eCRM’; (ii) implementing CRMS; and (iii) adopting CRMS; with positive outcomes for CRM both in terms of patients relationship/communication with hospital, satisfaction, medical treatment/outcomes and empowerment and hospitals medical operation, productivity, cost, performance, efficiency and service quality. This is the first systematic review to comprehensively synthesise and summarise empirical evidence from disparate CRM research data (quantitative, qualitative, and mixed) in the healthcare environment. Our results revealed that substantial gaps exist in the knowledge of using CRM in the healthcare environment. Future research should focus on exploring: (i) other potential factors, such as patient characteristics, culture (of both the patient and hospital), knowledge management, trust, security, and privacy for implementing and adopting CRMS and (ii) other CRM categories, such as mobile CRM (mCRM) and data mining CRM. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0920548919304593 doi: 10.1016/j.csi.2020.103442 id: cord-320091-2lrqubdl author: Badawi, Alaa title: Prevalence of chronic comorbidities in dengue fever and West Nile virus: A systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2018-07-10 words: 8511.0 sentences: 411.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-320091-2lrqubdl.txt txt: ./txt/cord-320091-2lrqubdl.txt summary: The objective of this study is to systematically review the existing literature on the prevalence of the most common non-communicable comorbidities related to the cluster of metabolic syndromes-associated diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, heart diseases, hypertension, asthma, stroke and obesity in flavivirus infections and to evaluate the difference of their prevalence in severe vs. Data extracted from the selected studies in duplicate by two reviewers and included the first author''s name, publication date, country, dates of recruitment, total sample size (divided to males and females), age estimates (from reported mean, median or the mid-point for age range of the highest subject frequency), procedures for case identification, type of flavivirus infection, severity of infection, prevalence of clinical manifestations (mild symptoms such as fever, headache, muscle pain, rash, and malaise together with severe symptoms as described below) and percentage of comorbidities including diabetes (both type I and type II, if mentioned), hypertension, heart diseases (due to the small sample size of individual conditions, we (Table 1) . abstract: BACKGROUND: Flavivirus diseases such as dengue fever (DENV), West Nile virus (WNV), Zika and yellow fever represent a substantial global public health concern. Preexisting chronic conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity, and asthma were thought to predict risk of progression to severe infections. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to quantify the frequency of chronic comorbidities in flavivirus diseases to provide an estimate for their prevalence in severe and non-severe infections and examine whether chronic diseases contribute to the increased risk of severe viral expression. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive search in PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE(R), Embase and Embase Classic and grey literature databases to identify studies reporting prevalence estimates of comorbidities in flavivirus diseases. Study quality was assessed with the risk of bias tool. Age-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were estimated for severe infection in the presence of chronic comorbidities. RESULTS: We identified 65 studies as eligible for inclusion for DENV (47 studies) and WNV (18 studies). Obesity and overweight (i.e., BMI> 25 kg/m(2), prevalence: 24.5%, 95% CI: 18.6–31.6%), hypertension (17.1%, 13.3–21.8%) and diabetes (13.3%, 9.3–18.8%) were the most prevalent comorbidities in DENV. However, hypertension (45.0%, 39.1–51.0%), diabetes (24.7%, 20.2–29.8%) and heart diseases (25.6%, 19.5–32.7%) were the most prevalent in WNV. ORs of severe flavivirus diseases were about 2 to 4 in infected patients with comorbidities such as diabetes, hypertension and heart diseases. The small number of studies in JEV, YFV and Zika did not permit estimating the prevalence of comorbidities in these infections. CONCLUSION: Higher prevalence of chronic comorbidities was found in severe cases of flavivirus diseases compared to non-severe cases. Findings of the present study may guide public health practitioners and clinicians to evaluate infection severity based on the presence of comorbidity, a critical public health measure that may avert severe disease outcome given the current dearth of clear prevention practices for some flavivirus diseases. url: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0200200 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200200 id: cord-033736-bsmqqi6j author: Bajraktari, Saranda title: Health-promoting and preventive interventions for community-dwelling older people published from inception to 2019: a scoping review to guide decision making in a Swedish municipality context date: 2020-10-14 words: 10534.0 sentences: 489.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-033736-bsmqqi6j.txt txt: ./txt/cord-033736-bsmqqi6j.txt summary: Eligible studies were: 1) interventions categorised as health promotion (HP) or primary prevention (PP) following the WHO''s definition [1, 2] and addressing behavioural risk factors, injury prevention, physical health, social and mental health, 2) including populations of community-living older people 65+ as of it being the lowest retirement age in the Nordic Countries, hence exclude the risk of missing relevant studies due to the age limitation, 3) implemented in a Nordic country (Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden and Faroe Islands), 4) studies applying a randomized controlled trial design (RCT) for the evaluation of effects (research question six), 5) studies related to the identified RCTs addressing the remaining research question, e.g. experiences of participants, feasibility as well as studies on cost-effectiveness. Five studies had samples consisting only of female participants [32, Table 2 Detailed results concerning intervention content, effects on health outcomes, and feasibility aspects of included studies in the field of health-promoting and preventive interventions for community dwelling older people in the Nordic countries from inception to 2019 (Continued) abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite the promising evidence of health-promoting and preventive interventions for maintaining health among older people, not all interventions can be implemented due to limited resources. Due to the variation of content in the interventions and the breadth of outcomes used to evaluate effects in such interventions, comparisons are difficult and the choice of which interventions to implement is challenging. Therefore, more information, beyond effects, is needed to guide decision-makers. The aim of this review was to investigate, to what degree factors important for decision-making have been reported in the existing health-promoting and preventive interventions literature for community-dwelling older people in the Nordic countries. METHODS: This review was guided by the PRISMA-ScR checklist (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis extension for Scoping Reviews), the methodological steps for scoping reviews described in the Arksey and O′Malley’s framework, and the Medical Research Council’s (MRC) guidance on complex interventions. Eligible studies for inclusion were randomised controlled trials (RCTs) concerning health promotion or primary prevention for community-dwelling older people implemented in the Nordic countries. Additionally, all included RCTs were searched for related papers that were reporting on additional factors. Eligible studies were searched in seven databases: PubMed, SCOPUS, CINAHL, Academic Search Elite, PsycINFO, SocINDEX, and SPORTDiscus. RESULTS: Eighty-two studies met the inclusion criteria (twenty-seven unique studies and fifty-five related studies). Twelve studies focused on fall prevention, eleven had a health-promoting approach, and four studies focused on preventing disability. All interventions, besides one, reported positive effects on at least one health outcome. Three studies reported data on cost-effectiveness, three on experiences of participants and two conducted feasibility studies. Only one intervention, reported information on all seven factors. CONCLUSIONS: All identified studies on health-promoting and preventive interventions for older people evaluated in the Nordic countries report positive effects although the magnitude of effects and number of follow-ups differed substantially. Overall, there was a general lack of studies on feasibility, cost-effectiveness, and experiences of participants, thus, limiting the basis for decision making. Considering all reported factors, promising candidates to be recommended for implementation in a Nordic municipality context are ‘Senior meetings’, ‘preventive home visits’ and ‘exercise interventions’ on its own or combined with other components. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7556574/ doi: 10.1186/s13690-020-00480-5 id: cord-284880-xsh3wkqy author: Bandaly, Victor title: The Fate of Mengovirus on Fiberglass Filter of Air Handling Units date: 2017-06-28 words: 4703.0 sentences: 257.0 pages: flesch: 58.0 cache: ./cache/cord-284880-xsh3wkqy.txt txt: ./txt/cord-284880-xsh3wkqy.txt summary: The aim of this work is to study the characterization of viral bioaerosols in indoor environments and to understand the fate of mengovirus eukaryote RNA virus on glass fiber filter F7 used in AHU. Regarding the virus infectivity on the filter under a constant air flow, mengovirus was remained infectious during 10 h after aerosolization. From an average of 4.43 9 10 8 PFU L -1 of initial solution of virus aerosolized, 3.43 9 10 2 PFU cm -2 of infectious mengovirus was detected after 25 min of air flow. With a continuous air flow in the system, the persistence of mengovirus was assessed at different times and showed infectivity on the filter up to 10 h after aerosolization (Fig. 7) . Thus, time has an effect on the infectivity of the virus; this study showed that, with a continuous air flow in the abstract: One of the most important topics that occupy public health problems is the air quality. That is the reason why mechanical ventilation and air handling units (AHU) were imposed by the different governments in the collective or individual buildings. Many buildings create an artificial climate using heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning systems. Among the existing aerosols in the indoor air, we can distinguish the bioaerosol with biological nature such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Respiratory viral infections are a major public health issue because they are usually highly infective. We spend about 90% of our time in closed environments such as homes, workplaces, or transport. Some studies have shown that AHU contribute to the spread and transport of viral particles within buildings. The aim of this work is to study the characterization of viral bioaerosols in indoor environments and to understand the fate of mengovirus eukaryote RNA virus on glass fiber filter F7 used in AHU. In this study, a set-up close to reality of AHU system was used. The mengovirus aerosolized was characterized and measured with the electrical low pressure impact and the scanner mobility particle size and detected with RT-qPCR. The results about quantification and the level of infectivity of mengovirus on the filter and in the biosampler showed that mengovirus can pass through the filter and remain infectious upstream and downstream the system. Regarding the virus infectivity on the filter under a constant air flow, mengovirus was remained infectious during 10 h after aerosolization. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12560-017-9310-8 doi: 10.1007/s12560-017-9310-8 id: cord-255901-nl9k8uwd author: Barasheed, Osamah title: Uptake and effectiveness of facemask against respiratory infections at mass gatherings: a systematic review date: 2016-03-29 words: 4522.0 sentences: 256.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-255901-nl9k8uwd.txt txt: ./txt/cord-255901-nl9k8uwd.txt summary: Studies conducted in community or health care settings found facemasks to be generally effective against influenza-like illness (ILI) or even against severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) but its effectiveness against respiratory infections at MGs remains unknown. 15, 17 A review of non-pharmaceutical interventions against respiratory tract infections among Hajj pilgrims presented data on the uptake of facemask and acknowledged that compliance was generally poor, but did not evaluate its effectiveness during Hajj. A few studies showed that providing educational session on protective measures against respiratory infections (including facemask) before Hajj was associated with significantly higher uptake of facemasks among pilgrims. 68 Focused studies are required to investigate factors influencing facemask compliance among attendees of Hajj and other MGs. In this systematic review, pooled data of facemask effectiveness showed that participants who used facemask during Hajj are about 20% less likely to suffer from respiratory infections compared to those who do not use it. abstract: OBJECTIVES: The risk of acquisition and transmission of respiratory infections is high among attendees of mass gatherings (MGs). Currently used interventions have limitations yet the role of facemask in preventing those infections at MG has not been systematically reviewed. We have conducted a systematic review to synthesise evidence about the uptake and effectiveness of facemask against respiratory infections in MGs. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines using major electronic databases such as, Medline, EMBASE, SCOPUS and CINAHL. RESULTS: Of 25 studies included, the pooled sample size was 12710 participants from 55 countries aged 11 to 89 years, 37% were female. The overall uptake of facemask ranged from 0.02% to 92.8% with an average of about 50%. Only 13 studies examined the effectiveness of facemask, and their pooled estimate revealed significant protectiveness against respiratory infections (relative risk [RR] = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.84-0.94, p < 0.01), but the study end points varied widely. CONCLUSION: A modest proportion of attendees of MGs use facemask, the practice is more widespread among health care workers. Facemask use seems to be beneficial against certain respiratory infections at MGs but its effectiveness against specific infection remains unproven. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S1201971216310104 doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2016.03.023 id: cord-336000-v88bq4bx author: Barco, Stefano title: Enoxaparin for primary thromboprophylaxis in ambulatory patients with coronavirus disease-2019 (the OVID study): a structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial date: 2020-09-09 words: 20392.0 sentences: 1064.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-336000-v88bq4bx.txt txt: ./txt/cord-336000-v88bq4bx.txt summary: OBJECTIVES: The OVID study will demonstrate whether prophylactic-dose enoxaparin improves survival and reduces hospitalizations in symptomatic ambulatory patients aged 50 or older diagnosed with COVID-19, a novel viral disease characterized by severe systemic, pulmonary, and vessel inflammation and coagulation activation. The OVID study will show whether prophylactic-dose enoxaparin improves survival and reduces any hospitalizations in ambulatory patients aged 50 or older diagnosed with COVID-19, a novel viral disease characterized by severe systemic, pulmonary, and vessel inflammation and coagulation activation. <30% of the expected number of patients six months after the enrolment of the first patient, also based on the course of SARS-CoV2 infections in Switzerland;  when the safety of the participants is doubtful or at risk, respectively, based on recommendations received from DSMB committee;  changes in accepted clinical practice that make the continuation of a clinical trial unwise, including the results of similar studies or the publication of international guidances. abstract: OBJECTIVES: The OVID study will demonstrate whether prophylactic-dose enoxaparin improves survival and reduces hospitalizations in symptomatic ambulatory patients aged 50 or older diagnosed with COVID-19, a novel viral disease characterized by severe systemic, pulmonary, and vessel inflammation and coagulation activation. TRIAL DESIGN: The OVID study is conducted as a multicentre open-label superiority randomised controlled trial. PARTICIPANTS: Inclusion Criteria 1. Signed patient informed consent after being fully informed about the study’s background. 2. Patients aged 50 years or older with a positive test for SARS-CoV2 in the past 5 days and eligible for ambulatory treatment. 3. Presence of respiratory symptoms (i.e. cough, sore throat, or shortness of breath) or body temperature >37.5° C. 4. Ability of the patient to travel to the study centre by private transportation, performed either by an accompanying person from the same household or by the patient themselves 5. Ability to comply with standard hygiene requirements at the time of in-hospital visit, including a face mask and hand disinfectant. 6. Ability to walk from car to study centre or reach it by wheelchair transport with the help of an accompanying person from the same household also complying with standard hygiene requirements. 7. Ability to self-administer prefilled enoxaparin injections after instructions received at the study centre or availability of a person living with the patient to administer enoxaparin. Exclusion Criteria 1. Any acute or chronic condition posing an indication for anticoagulant treatment, e.g. atrial fibrillation, prior venous thromboembolism (VTE), acute confirmed symptomatic VTE, acute coronary syndrome. 2. Anticoagulant thromboprophylaxis deemed necessary in view of the patient's history, comorbidity or predisposing strong risk factors for thrombosis: a. Any of the following events occurring in the prior 30 days: fracture of lower limb, hospitalization for heart failure, hip/knee replacement, major trauma, spinal cord injury, stroke, b. previous VTE, c. histologically confirmed malignancy, which was diagnosed or treated (surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy) in the past 6 months, or recurrent, or metastatic, or inoperable. 3. Any clinically relevant bleeding (defined as bleeding requiring hospitalization, transfusion, surgical intervention, invasive procedures, occurring in a critical anatomical site, or causing disability) within 30 days prior to randomization or sign of acute bleeding. 4. Intracerebral bleeding at any time in the past or signs/symptoms consistent with acute intracranial haemorrhage. 5. Haemoglobin <8 g/dL and platelet count <50 x 10(9) cells/L confirmed by recent laboratory test (<90 days). 6. Subjects with any known coagulopathy or bleeding diathesis, including known significant liver disease associated with coagulopathy. 7. Severe renal insufficiency (baseline creatinine clearance <30 mL/min calculated using the Cockcroft-Gault formula) confirmed by recent laboratory test (<90 days). 8. Contraindications to enoxaparin therapy, including prior heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and known hypersensitivity. 9. Current use of dual antiplatelet therapy. 10. Participation in other interventional studies over the past 30 days. 11. Non-compliance or inability to adhere to treatment or lack of a family environment or support system for home treatment. 12. Cognitive impairment and/or inability to understand information provided in the study information. Patient enrolment will take place at seven Swiss centres, including five university hospitals and two large cantonal hospitals. INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR: Patients randomized to the intervention group will receive subcutaneous enoxaparin at the recommended dose of 4,000 IU anti-Xa activity (40 mg/0.4 ml) once daily for 14 days. Patients randomized to the comparator group will receive no anticoagulation. MAIN OUTCOMES: Primary outcome: a composite of any hospitalization or all-cause death occurring within 30 days of randomization. Secondary outcomes: (i) a composite of cardiovascular events, including deep vein thrombosis (including catheter-associated), pulmonary embolism, myocardial infarction/myocarditis, arterial ischemia including mesenteric and extremities, acute splanchnic vein thrombosis, or ischemic stroke within 14 days, 30 days, and 90 days of randomization; (ii) each component of the primary efficacy outcome, within 14 days, 30 days, and 90 days of randomization; (iii) net clinical benefit (accounting for the primary efficacy outcome, composite cardiovascular events, and major bleeding), within 14 days, 30 days, and 90 days of enrolment; (iv) primary efficacy outcome, within 14 days, and 90 days of enrolment; (v) disseminated intravascular coagulation (ISTH criteria, in-hospital diagnosis) within 14 days, 30 days, and 90 days of enrolment. RANDOMISATION: Patients will undergo block stratified randomization (by age: 50-70 vs. >70 years; and by study centre) with a randomization ratio of 1:1 with block sizes varying between 4 and 8. Randomization will be performed after the signature of the informed consent for participation and the verification of the eligibility criteria using the electronic data capture software (REDCAP, Vanderbilt University, v9.1.24). BLINDING (MASKING): In this open-label study, no blinding procedures will be used. NUMBERS TO BE RANDOMISED (SAMPLE SIZE): The sample size calculation is based on the parameters α = 0.05 (2-sided), power: 1−β = 0.8, event rate in experimental group, pexp = 0.09 and event rate in control group, pcon = 0.15. The resulting total sample size is 920. To account for potential dropouts, the total sample size was fixed to 1000 with 500 patients in the intervention group and 500 in the control group. TRIAL STATUS: Protocol version 1.0, 14 April 2020. Protocol version 3.0, 18 May 2020 Recruiting start date: June 2020. Last Patient Last Visit: March 2021. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04400799 First Posted: May 26, 2020 Last Update Posted: July 16, 2020 FULL PROTOCOL: The full protocol is attached as an additional file, accessible from the Trials website (Additional file 1). In the interest in expediting dissemination of this material, the familiar formatting has been eliminated; this Letter serves as a summary of the key elements of the full protocol. url: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-020-04678-4 doi: 10.1186/s13063-020-04678-4 id: cord-344075-ucd6ooob author: Bartoszek, Adrian title: Mental Well-Being (Depression, Loneliness, Insomnia, Daily Life Fatigue) during COVID-19 Related Home-Confinement—A Study from Poland date: 2020-10-12 words: 4515.0 sentences: 238.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-344075-ucd6ooob.txt txt: ./txt/cord-344075-ucd6ooob.txt summary: title: Mental Well-Being (Depression, Loneliness, Insomnia, Daily Life Fatigue) during COVID-19 Related Home-Confinement—A Study from Poland The aim of the study was to measure indicators of mental well-being in a Polish sample with regard to selected sociodemographic and health behavior data during home confinement related to COVID-19 pandemic. For this reason, our study aimed to measure mental well-being (levels of depression, insomnia, daily life fatigue, and loneliness) in a sample of the Polish population during COVID-19 related home confinement. The results have clearly shown that the pandemic and associated psychological stress are risk factors for sleep disorders and psychological diseases, e.g., the authors have shown that all of the elements of the Psychological Well-Being (PGWB) questionnaire (anxiety, depressed mood, positive well-being, self-control, general health, vitality) were significantly worse among study respondents than in previous general population data [33] . abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic is a great threat to both physical and mental health as it may lead to psychological stress connected with an economic crisis, threat of unemployment, or fear of losing family members. Emerging data shows that the general public may be vulnerable to the pandemic-related stress and experience frequently prevalent anxiety. A study involving 471 subjects (85.6% female) was conducted online during the COVID-19 pandemic. We used the following scales: Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Revised University of California, Los Angeles (R-UCLA) Loneliness Scale, and Daily Life Fatigue scale (DLF). Women had higher mean scores of depression, loneliness, and daily life fatigue and more often than males started exercising. Among people professionally active before the pandemic, there were more cases of increased alcohol consumption than among students. No differences in alcohol consumption patterns were found between genders. People living alone had higher scores of loneliness and daily life fatigue compared to those living with someone. Respondents who started taking any new drugs during COVID-19 home confinement had higher outcomes in all questionnaires. During home confinement, high scores of depression, insomnia, loneliness, and everyday fatigue were observed. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17207417 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17207417 id: cord-279935-asg71qtr author: Beasley, Lana O. title: Best Practices for Engaging Pregnant and Postpartum Women at Risk of Substance Use in Longitudinal Research Studies: a Qualitative Examination of Participant Preferences date: 2020-10-28 words: 7881.0 sentences: 329.0 pages: flesch: 38.0 cache: ./cache/cord-279935-asg71qtr.txt txt: ./txt/cord-279935-asg71qtr.txt summary: Themes were organized into key engagement factors related to the following: (1) recruitment strategies, (2) enrollment, and (3) retention of high-risk pregnant and parenting women in longitudinal research studies. Overall, the current qualitative data provide preliminary data that enhance the understanding of a continuum of factors that impact engagement of high-risk pregnant and postpartum women in longitudinal research with current results indicating the need to prioritize recruitment, enrollment, and retention strategies in order to effectively engage vulnerable populations in research. These difficulties with recruitment and retention contribute to additional complications for research, including biased samples of convenience recruited through referrals from social and health agencies, limited sample diversity, deviations from the research design, and ethical issues associated with risk and benefits of participation and involvement with the criminal justice or child welfare system. abstract: There are significant barriers in engaging pregnant and postpartum women that are considered high-risk (e.g., those experiencing substance use and/or substance use disorders (SUD)) into longitudinal research studies. To improve recruitment and retention of this population in studies spanning from the prenatal period to middle childhood, it is imperative to determine ways to improve key research engagement factors. The current manuscript uses a qualitative approach to determine important factors related to recruiting, enrolling, and retaining high-risk pregnant and postpartum women. The current sample included 41 high-risk women who participated in focus groups or individual interviews. All interviews were analyzed to identify broad themes related to engaging high-risk pregnant and parenting women in a 10-year longitudinal research project. Themes were organized into key engagement factors related to the following: (1) recruitment strategies, (2) enrollment, and (3) retention of high-risk pregnant and parenting women in longitudinal research studies. Results indicated recruitment strategies related to ideal recruitment locations, material, and who should share research study information with high-risk participants. Related to enrollment, key areas disclosed focused on enrollment decision-making, factors that create interest in joining a research project, and barriers to joining a longitudinal research study. With regard to retention, themes focused on supports needed to stay in research, barriers to staying in research, and best ways to stay in contact with high-risk participants. Overall, the current qualitative data provide preliminary data that enhance the understanding of a continuum of factors that impact engagement of high-risk pregnant and postpartum women in longitudinal research with current results indicating the need to prioritize recruitment, enrollment, and retention strategies in order to effectively engage vulnerable populations in research. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33134976/ doi: 10.1007/s42844-020-00019-1 id: cord-303187-ny4qr2a2 author: Belo, Vinícius Silva title: Abundance, survival, recruitment and effectiveness of sterilization of free-roaming dogs: A capture and recapture study in Brazil date: 2017-11-01 words: 7691.0 sentences: 410.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-303187-ny4qr2a2.txt txt: ./txt/cord-303187-ny4qr2a2.txt summary: Despite the perceived need and usefulness of such parameter estimates and recommendations for the most appropriate approaches applicable under such study designs [30] , survival and recruitment estimates of free-ranging dogs had not been obtained using methods of capture and recapture. In this study, we present estimates of abundance, survival and recruitment rates, and the probabilities of capture of two free-roaming dog populations by means of analytical models for open populations, so far unexplored in previous studies. We estimated critical parameters (survival, recruitment and abundance) that describe the population dynamics of free-roaming dogs based on a capture and recapture study design and on models suitable for open populations. Our study demonstrated the increase in population size in both areas, the predominance and greater recruitment of males, the temporal variability in recruitment and in survival probabilities, the lack of effect of sterilization on population dynamics, the influence of abandon and of density-independent factors and a high demographic turnover. abstract: The existence of free-roaming dogs raises important issues in animal welfare and in public health. A proper understanding of these animals’ ecology is useful as a necessary input to plan strategies to control these populations. The present study addresses the population dynamics and the effectiveness of the sterilization of unrestricted dogs using capture and recapture procedures suitable for open animal populations. Every two months, over a period of 14 months, we captured, tagged, released and recaptured dogs in two regions in a city in the southeast region of Brazil. In one of these regions the animals were also sterilized. Both regions had similar social, environmental and demographic features. We estimated the presence of 148 females and 227 males during the period of study. The average dog:man ratio was 1 dog for each 42 and 51 human beings, in the areas without and with sterilization, respectively. The animal population size increased in both regions, due mainly to the abandonment of domestic dogs. Mortality rate decreased throughout the study period. Survival probabilities did not differ between genders, but males entered the population in higher numbers. There were no differences in abundance, survival and recruitment between the regions, indicating that sterilization did not affect the population dynamics. Our findings indicate that the observed animal dynamics were influenced by density-independent factors, and that sterilization might not be a viable and effective strategy in regions where availability of resources is low and animal abandonment rates are high. Furthermore, the high demographic turnover rates observed render the canine free-roaming population younger, thus more susceptible to diseases, especially to rabies and leishmaniasis. We conclude by stressing the importance of implementing educational programs to promote responsible animal ownership and effective strategies against abandonment practices. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29091961/ doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187233 id: cord-279718-r21k0gku author: Benseler, Anouk title: Antibiotic prophylaxis for urodynamic testing in women: a systematic review date: 2020-08-26 words: 3265.0 sentences: 202.0 pages: flesch: 40.0 cache: ./cache/cord-279718-r21k0gku.txt txt: ./txt/cord-279718-r21k0gku.txt summary: OBJECTIVES: This systematic review aims to update the assessment of the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis compared with placebo or no treatment for prevention of urinary tract infection in females over the age of 18 years undergoing UDS. None of the studies included were powered to show a significant change in the incidence of urinary tract infection following UDS in female patients receiving antibiotic prophylaxis versus no prophylaxis. CONCLUSIONS: Similar to the 2012 Cochrane review on this subject, this systematic review demonstrated that antibiotic prophylaxis may decrease bacteriuria in women post UDS; however, further research is required to assess its effect on urinary tract infections in this context. In this study, we aim to update the 2012 Cochrane review and present the first female-specific systematic review with the primary objective of evaluating the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis compared with placebo or no treatment for prevention of UTI in females over the age of 18 years undergoing UDS. abstract: INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: Urinary tract infection is the most common complication after urodynamic studies (UDS). Practice guidelines recommend against antibiotic prophylaxis based on an outdated review of the literature, which advised on the premise of “a lack of good quality studies” and based on an assumed low incidence not consistently supported by the literature. OBJECTIVES: This systematic review aims to update the assessment of the efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis compared with placebo or no treatment for prevention of urinary tract infection in females over the age of 18 years undergoing UDS. METHODS: MEDLINE, EMBASE, COCHRANE, DISSERTATIONS, conference proceedings and clinical trial registries were searched for relevant randomized controlled trials. Two authors independently screened and selected articles, assessed these for quality according to Cochrane guidelines and extracted their data. RESULTS: A total of 2633 records were screened, identifying three relevant randomized controlled trials. The one study that was critically appraised as being the least likely biased showed a statistically significant effect of antibiotic prophylaxis in reducing bacteriuria post UDS in female patients. The other two studies included in the review did not. None of the studies included were powered to show a significant change in the incidence of urinary tract infection following UDS in female patients receiving antibiotic prophylaxis versus no prophylaxis. CONCLUSIONS: Similar to the 2012 Cochrane review on this subject, this systematic review demonstrated that antibiotic prophylaxis may decrease bacteriuria in women post UDS; however, further research is required to assess its effect on urinary tract infections in this context. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00192-020-04501-3 doi: 10.1007/s00192-020-04501-3 id: cord-276015-id15u3br author: Beran, Jiří title: Inosine pranobex is safe and effective for the treatment of subjects with confirmed acute respiratory viral infections: analysis and subgroup analysis from a Phase 4, randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind study date: 2016-11-07 words: 6086.0 sentences: 266.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-276015-id15u3br.txt txt: ./txt/cord-276015-id15u3br.txt summary: This study compared the efficacy and safety of inosine pranobex versus placebo in subjects with clinically diagnosed influenza-like illness, including subjects with laboratory-confirmed acute respiratory viral infections. In the subgroup analysis for subjects less than 50 years of age, statistically significant differences in time to resolution of influenza-like symptoms that favoured the inosine pranobex group over the placebo group were observed in those without related ongoing disease and those who were non-obese (BMI <30 kg/m(2)). CONCLUSIONS: The study results indicate the safety of inosine pranobex for the treatment of subjects with confirmed acute respiratory viral infections and confirm the efficacy of inosine pranobex versus placebo in healthy non-obese subjects less than 50 years of age with clinically diagnosed influenza-like illnesses. abstract: BACKGROUND: Inosine pranobex (Isoprinosine®) is an immunomodulatory drug approved in several countries for the treatment of viral infections. This study compared the efficacy and safety of inosine pranobex versus placebo in subjects with clinically diagnosed influenza-like illness, including subjects with laboratory-confirmed acute respiratory viral infections. Subgroup analyses evaluated the efficacy of inosine pranobex compared to placebo in otherwise healthy (without related ongoing disease) subjects that were less than 50 years of age and healthy subjects that were at least 50 years of age. The effect of body mass index (BMI) was evaluated in subjects less than 50 years of age. METHODS: A total of 463 subjects were randomly assigned to receive inosine pranobex (n = 231) or placebo (n = 232) in this Phase 4, randomised, double-blind, multicentre study. The primary efficacy endpoint was time to resolution of all influenza-like symptoms present at baseline to none. Safety was evaluated through analysis of adverse events, vital signs, and physical examinations. RESULTS: The difference in time to resolution of all influenza-like symptoms between treatment groups was not statistically significant but showed a faster improvement in subjects in the inosine pranobex group versus those in the placebo group - Hazard Ratio = 1.175; (95 % CI: 0.806–1.714). P-value = 0.324. In the subgroup analysis for subjects less than 50 years of age, statistically significant differences in time to resolution of influenza-like symptoms that favoured the inosine pranobex group over the placebo group were observed in those without related ongoing disease and those who were non-obese (BMI <30 kg/m(2)). The differences between the inosine pranobex and placebo groups in subjects at least 50 years of age without related ongoing disease and in subjects less than 50 years of age who were obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m(2)) were not statistically significant. Inosine pranobex was generally well tolerated, and no deaths were reported. CONCLUSIONS: The study results indicate the safety of inosine pranobex for the treatment of subjects with confirmed acute respiratory viral infections and confirm the efficacy of inosine pranobex versus placebo in healthy non-obese subjects less than 50 years of age with clinically diagnosed influenza-like illnesses. TRIAL REGISTRATION: EWO-ISO-2014/1, EudraCT 2014-001863-11; Date of registration: 29 APR 2014; Detail information web link: https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/trial/2014-001863-11/results ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12879-016-1965-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27821093/ doi: 10.1186/s12879-016-1965-5 id: cord-282526-b8tky324 author: Berger Gillam, T. title: Norwich COVID-19 Testing Initiative: feasibility project evaluation date: 2020-09-23 words: 2799.0 sentences: 188.0 pages: flesch: 57.0 cache: ./cache/cord-282526-b8tky324.txt txt: ./txt/cord-282526-b8tky324.txt summary: This study aimed to pilot mass COVID-19 testing on a university research park, to assess the feasibility and acceptability of scaling up to all staff and students. The study offered four COVID-19 PCR swabs to all staff and students on the site over a twoweek period, with the aim of piloting communications, logistics and laboratory processes, and assessing participant acceptability in preparation for larger-scale testing. . https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.22.20199455 doi: medRxiv preprint 3 After the completion of the feasibility project, participants who had returned at least one swab were emailed a link to complete a short online participant feedback questionnaire, including questions on demographics and their experience of the project. A strength of this study is that it trialled the feasibility of repeat testing for COVID-19 in a relatively large, asymptomatic population within a research park and university campus. abstract: Background There is a high prevalence of COVID-19 in university-age students, who are returning to university campuses. There is little evidence regarding the feasibility of universal, asymptomatic testing to control outbreaks in this population. This study aimed to pilot mass COVID-19 testing on a university research park, to assess the feasibility and acceptability of scaling up to all staff and students. Methods This was a cross-sectional feasibility study on a university research park in the East of England. Staff and students (5,625) on the research park were eligible to participate. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing was offered to all participants. Participants were offered 4 swabs, which they self-administered over a two-week period. Outcome measures included: uptake; drop-out rate; positivity rates; participant acceptability measures; laboratory processing measures. Results 798/1053 (76%) of those who registered provided at least one swab and of these, 687 (86%) provided all four. 681/687 (99%) had all negative results. 6 participants had one inconclusive result. There were no positive results. 458/798 (57%) participants responded to a post-testing questionnaire. 446/458 (97.5%) of those who responded agreed that they would be interested in repeat testing in the future. Conclusions Repeated self-testing is feasible and acceptable to a university population. url: http://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.09.22.20199455v1?rss=1 doi: 10.1101/2020.09.22.20199455 id: cord-030922-l7xuu9a5 author: Bergström, Anna title: The use of the PARIHS framework in implementation research and practice—a citation analysis of the literature date: 2020-08-27 words: 12740.0 sentences: 569.0 pages: flesch: 37.0 cache: ./cache/cord-030922-l7xuu9a5.txt txt: ./txt/cord-030922-l7xuu9a5.txt summary: BACKGROUND: The Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARIHS) framework was developed two decades ago and conceptualizes successful implementation (SI) as a function (f) of the evidence (E) nature and type, context (C) quality, and the facilitation (F), [SI = f (E,C,F)]. The PARIHS framework is a commonly used conceptual framework [1, 4] that posits successful implementation (SI) as a function (f) of the nature and type of evidence (E) (including research, clinical experience, patient experience, and local information), the qualities of the context (C) of implementation (including culture, leadership, and evaluation), and the way the implementation process is facilitated (F) (internal and/or external person acting as a facilitator to enable the process of implementation); SI = f(E,C,F). Categorical data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, whereas the open-ended items were analyzed qualitatively [16] , including the collated extractions of data to illustrate each of the four types of use (i.e., how the PARIHS framework was depicted in terms of (1) planning and delivering an intervention, (2) analysis, (3) evaluation of study findings, and/or (4) in any other way). abstract: BACKGROUND: The Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (PARIHS) framework was developed two decades ago and conceptualizes successful implementation (SI) as a function (f) of the evidence (E) nature and type, context (C) quality, and the facilitation (F), [SI = f (E,C,F)]. Despite a growing number of citations of theoretical frameworks including PARIHS, details of how theoretical frameworks are used remains largely unknown. This review aimed to enhance the understanding of the breadth and depth of the use of the PARIHS framework. METHODS: This citation analysis commenced from four core articles representing the key stages of the framework’s development. The citation search was performed in Web of Science and Scopus. After exclusion, we undertook an initial assessment aimed to identify articles using PARIHS and not only referencing any of the core articles. To assess this, all articles were read in full. Further data extraction included capturing information about where (country/countries and setting/s) PARIHS had been used, as well as categorizing how the framework was applied. Also, strengths and weaknesses, as well as efforts to validate the framework, were explored in detail. RESULTS: The citation search yielded 1613 articles. After applying exclusion criteria, 1475 articles were read in full, and the initial assessment yielded a total of 367 articles reported to have used the PARIHS framework. These articles were included for data extraction. The framework had been used in a variety of settings and in both high-, middle-, and low-income countries. With regard to types of use, 32% used PARIHS in planning and delivering an intervention, 50% in data analysis, 55% in the evaluation of study findings, and/or 37% in any other way. Further analysis showed that its actual application was frequently partial and generally not well elaborated. CONCLUSIONS: In line with previous citation analysis of the use of theoretical frameworks in implementation science, we also found a rather superficial description of the use of PARIHS. Thus, we propose the development and adoption of reporting guidelines on how framework(s) are used in implementation studies, with the expectation that this will enhance the maturity of implementation science. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7450685/ doi: 10.1186/s13012-020-01003-0 id: cord-287958-tcn2hlmo author: Bhattacharya, Subhasis title: The behaviour of Infection, Survival and Testing Effort Variables of SARS-CoV-2: A Theoretical Modelling based on Optimization Technique date: 2020-11-11 words: 3602.0 sentences: 235.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-287958-tcn2hlmo.txt txt: ./txt/cord-287958-tcn2hlmo.txt summary: title: The behaviour of Infection, Survival and Testing Effort Variables of SARS-CoV-2: A Theoretical Modelling based on Optimization Technique Consideration of improper functional relation in case of identification, survival and testing effort variables of the disease may be the cause of such non-universal applicability. METHODS: Present study using optimization techniques try to find the general functional form for the variables like identification of the carrier''s and testing effort. Under such construction the study considers the following restrictions on the growth function of infection and identification function of infection. The study also assumes a linear effort function which is of the form and the identification function will be = 0 + = ( 0 + ).…… (6) In equilibrium, under the logistic growth function for infection will be, From such construction, the study consider net benefit from the effort applied for the identification of the infected is abstract: BACKGROUND: The experiences of SARS-CoV-2 are different in nature among the different states of the world. Studies on survival analysis of such pandemic mainly based on differential equation analysis, but the main limitation of such models is non-universal applicability. Consideration of improper functional relation in case of identification, survival and testing effort variables of the disease may be the cause of such non-universal applicability. METHODS: Present study using optimization techniques try to find the general functional form for the variables like identification of the carrier’s and testing effort. The study uses both the discrete and continuous time procedure of optimization technique. The main objective of the study is to institute relation between the identified carrier’s and effort taken for identification. RESULTS: The study considers test as the pseudo variable for effort of identification. The study found that the relationship between test and identified is not a linear one, rather it is nonlinear quadratic type. The study does not go for using data driven methods to verify the results. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211379720320118?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.rinp.2020.103568 id: cord-252984-79jzkdu2 author: Bickman, Leonard title: Improving Mental Health Services: A 50-Year Journey from Randomized Experiments to Artificial Intelligence and Precision Mental Health date: 2020-07-26 words: 35534.0 sentences: 1845.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-252984-79jzkdu2.txt txt: ./txt/cord-252984-79jzkdu2.txt summary: I describe five principal causes of this failure, which I attribute primarily, but not solely, to methodological limitations of RCTs. Lastly, I make the case for why I think AI and the parallel movement of precision medicine embody approaches that are needed to augment, but probably not replace, our current research and development efforts in the field of mental health services. (1) harmonize terminology and specify MBC''s core components; (2) develop criterion standard methods for monitoring fidelity and reporting quality of implementation; (3) develop algorithms for MBC to guide psychotherapy; (4) test putative mechanisms of change, particularly for psychotherapy; (5) develop brief and psychometrically strong measures for use in combination; (6) assess the critical timing of administration needed to optimize patient outcomes; (7) streamline measurement feedback systems to include only key ingredients and enhance electronic health record interoperability; (8) identify discrete strategies to support implementation; (9) make evidence-based policy decisions; and (10) align reimbursement structures. abstract: This conceptual paper describes the current state of mental health services, identifies critical problems, and suggests how to solve them. I focus on the potential contributions of artificial intelligence and precision mental health to improving mental health services. Toward that end, I draw upon my own research, which has changed over the last half century, to highlight the need to transform the way we conduct mental health services research. I identify exemplars from the emerging literature on artificial intelligence and precision approaches to treatment in which there is an attempt to personalize or fit the treatment to the client in order to produce more effective interventions. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10488-020-01065-8 doi: 10.1007/s10488-020-01065-8 id: cord-310215-11srk6iq author: Bielinis, Ernest title: A Novel Anti-Environmental Forest Experience Scale to Predict Preferred Pleasantness Associated with Forest Environments date: 2020-09-16 words: 8732.0 sentences: 405.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-310215-11srk6iq.txt txt: ./txt/cord-310215-11srk6iq.txt summary: In this study, a method for predicting the preferred pleasantness induced by different forest environments, represented by virtual photographs, was proposed and evaluated using a novel Anti-Environmental Forest Experience Scale psychometric test. Insofar as there is some possibility of predicting the level of psychological relaxation and therefore preferred pleasantness induced by viewing different forest landscapes, it is important to propose new concepts for these contexts. The reliability of these scales provides evidence that an Anti-Environmental Forest Experience can help predict the pleasantness induced by viewing forest landscapes and can be useful in predicting potential benefits that might be obtained by a subject from nature-based therapy. To sum up, the AEFES is a reliable and valid instrument with practical use for measuring an anti-environmental forest experience, which might be useful for the prediction of the preferred pleasantness of subjects towards forest environments. abstract: In this study, a method for predicting the preferred pleasantness induced by different forest environments, represented by virtual photographs, was proposed and evaluated using a novel Anti-Environmental Forest Experience Scale psychometric test. The evaluation questionnaire contained twenty-one items divided into four different subscales. The factor structure was assessed in two separate samples collected online (sample 1: n = 254, sample 2: n = 280). The internal validity of the four subscales was confirmed using exploratory factor analysis. Discriminant validity was tested and confirmed using the Amoebic Self Scale (spatial–symbolic domain). Concurrent validity was confirmed using the Connectedness to Nature Scale. Predictive validity was based on an assessment of pleasantness induced by nine different photographs (control—urban landscapes, forest landscapes, dense forest landscapes), with subscales differently correlated with the level of pleasantness assessed for each photograph. This evaluation instrument is appropriate for predicting preferred pleasantness induced by different forest environments. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32947772/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186731 id: cord-281051-i229xv0o author: Bishop-Williams, Katherine E. title: A protocol for a systematic literature review: comparing the impact of seasonal and meteorological parameters on acute respiratory infections in Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples date: 2017-01-26 words: 6404.0 sentences: 366.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-281051-i229xv0o.txt txt: ./txt/cord-281051-i229xv0o.txt summary: This protocol outlines our process for conducting a systematic review to investigate whether associations between ARI and seasonal or meteorological parameters differ between Indigenous and non-Indigenous groups residing in the same geographical region. This paper outlines a protocol for conducting a systematic review to investigate whether associations between ARI and seasonal or meteorological parameters differ between Indigenous and non-Indigenous groups residing in the same geographical region. This research builds from the United Nations Declaration of the Rights of Indigenous Peoples [13] understanding of the term Indigenous peoples, which states that an Indigenous person self-identifies as Indigenous; has historical continuity Table 1 Inclusion and exclusion criteria for a systematic literature review investigating the impact of seasonal and meteorological parameters on acute respiratory infection (ARI) in Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples abstract: BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally, and are often linked to seasonal and/or meteorological conditions. Globally, Indigenous peoples may experience a different burden of ARI compared to non-Indigenous peoples. This protocol outlines our process for conducting a systematic review to investigate whether associations between ARI and seasonal or meteorological parameters differ between Indigenous and non-Indigenous groups residing in the same geographical region. METHODOLOGY: A search string will be used to search PubMed(®), CAB Abstracts/CAB Direct(©), and Science Citation Index(®) aggregator databases. Articles will be screened using inclusion/exclusion criteria applied first at the title and abstract level, and then at the full article level by two independent reviewers. Articles maintained after full article screening will undergo risk of bias assessment and data will be extracted. Heterogeneity tests, meta-analysis, and forest and funnel plots will be used to synthesize the results of eligible studies. DISCUSSION AND REGISTRATION: This protocol paper describes our systematic review methods to identify and analyze relevant ARI, season, and meteorological literature with robust reporting. The results are intended to improve our understanding of potential associations between seasonal and meteorological parameters and ARI and, if identified, whether this association varies by place, population, or other characteristics. The protocol is registered in the PROSPERO database (#38051). ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13643-016-0399-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28122603/ doi: 10.1186/s13643-016-0399-x id: cord-102417-xn7m3wqp author: Blake, T. title: Psoriatic disease and body composition: a systematic review of the literature date: 2020-05-21 words: 4706.0 sentences: 263.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-102417-xn7m3wqp.txt txt: ./txt/cord-102417-xn7m3wqp.txt summary: Patients with psoriatic disease reveal defined body composition changes that are independent of obesity and the customary metabolic syndrome, including higher overall body fat, visceral fat and sarcopenia. Types of studies • Publication date 1999 (inclusive) -present • Studies from any geographical location • English language • Published studies (including conference papers) • Grey literature (not published in a peer-reviewed journal) including dissertations/theses • Any quantitative study (RCT, non-RCT, observational, cohort, case control) • Studies using qualitative methods of analysis (to describe patterns or themes raised by studies) seeking to understand body composition phenotypes of psoriatic disease. In general, 24 studies confirmed discrete biological and body composition changes in patients with psoriatic disease, which correlated positively with other indicators of metabolic syndrome, including waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, weight, BMI, plasma concentrations of low-density lipoprotein (LDL)cholesterol, leptin and apolipoprotein-B (apo-B). abstract: Background. Obesity is a leading comorbidity in psoriatic disease, including both psoriasis (Pso) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and is associated with adverse metabolic and cardiovascular (CV) outcomes. Anthropometric parameters, such as weight, body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio, have been extensively reported in psoriatic disease. However, the associations of body composition and fat distribution with psoriasis have not been fully defined. Objectives. To identify whether patients with psoriatic disease, including psoriatic arthritis, have altered body composition compared with the general population, and to review existing modalities for the assessment of body composition. Methods. Electronic searches of the literature were conducted in PubMed, Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), Cochrane Central Register and Google Scholar. Titles and abstracts were reviewed by two authors independently against a set of prespecified inclusion/exclusion criteria. Results. Twenty-five full text articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in the final narrative analysis. The studies were of heterogeneous design and used a range of objective measures to assess body composition, including simple anthropometric measures, bioimpedance analysis (BIA), dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and computed tomography (CT). Few studies met all the quality assessment criteria. Conclusions. Patients with psoriatic disease reveal defined body composition changes that are independent of obesity and the customary metabolic syndrome, including higher overall body fat, visceral fat and sarcopenia. These findings emphasize that patients with psoriatic disease should be screened for abnormal adipose effects beyond their weight and body mass index (BMI). Our findings show that the last decade has seen an exciting expansion of research interest in the development and validation of new modalities for the assessment of body composition. There is no consensus on the optimal assessment method of body composition for this diverse group, hence there is a need for validation of existing modalities and standardization of assessment tools. url: http://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.05.18.20104802v1?rss=1 doi: 10.1101/2020.05.18.20104802 id: cord-285244-2suwmika author: Blau, Ina title: Violation of digital and analog academic integrity through the eyes of faculty members and students: Do institutional role and technology change ethical perspectives? date: 2020-07-22 words: 11044.0 sentences: 513.0 pages: flesch: 38.0 cache: ./cache/cord-285244-2suwmika.txt txt: ./txt/cord-285244-2suwmika.txt summary: This study aimed to address the gap in the literature through a comprehensive comparison of different types of violations of academic integrity (VAI), cheating, plagiarism, fabrication and facilitation (Pavela in J College Univ Law 24(1):1–22, 1997), conducted in analog versus digital settings, as well as students'' and faculty members'' perceptions regarding their severity. 4. Among students, are there differences in perceptions regarding the severity of different analog and digital VAI engaged in by students (cheating, plagiarism, fabrication, and facilitation) and suggested penalties for these types of violations according to sociodemographic variables (ethnicity, gender, and degree)? To examine research questions 3 and 4 exploring differences in perceptions between the study groups (faculty and students, and students of different ethnic groups) regarding the severity of each type of VAI (cheating, plagiarism, fabrication, and facilitation) and suggested penalties for these behaviors, repeated measures ANOVAs were conducted. abstract: This study aimed to address the gap in the literature through a comprehensive comparison of different types of violations of academic integrity (VAI), cheating, plagiarism, fabrication and facilitation (Pavela in J College Univ Law 24(1):1–22, 1997), conducted in analog versus digital settings, as well as students’ and faculty members’ perceptions regarding their severity. The study explored differences in perceptions regarding students’ VAI and penalties for VAI among 1482 students and 42 faculty members. Furthermore, we explored the impact of socio-demographic characteristics (ethnic majority vs. minority students), gender, and academic degree on the perceived severity of VAI. Presented with a battery of scenarios, participants assessed the severity of penalties imposed by a university disciplinary committee. Furthermore, participants selected the penalties they deemed appropriate for violations engaged in by students, including: reprimanding, financial, academic, and accessibility penalties. All participants tended to suggest more severe penalties for VAI conducted in traditional analog environments than for the same offenses in digital settings. Students perceived all four types of penalties imposed by the disciplinary committee to be significantly more severe than faculty members. Moreover, findings demonstrated a significant difference between faculty and students in both perceptions of the severity of VAI and in relation to suggested punishments. Consistent with the Self-Concept Maintenance Model (Mazar et al. in J Mark Res 45(6):633–644, 2008) and Neutralizing Effect (Brimble, in: Bretag (ed) Handbook of academic integrity, SpringerNature, Singapore, pp 365–382, 2016), ethnic minority students estimated cheating, plagiarism, and facilitation violations as more severe than majority students. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32837125/ doi: 10.1007/s12528-020-09260-0 id: cord-284332-p4c1fneh author: Bosma, Karen J. title: Pharmacotherapy for Prevention and Treatment of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Current and Experimental Approaches date: 2012-09-19 words: 14516.0 sentences: 721.0 pages: flesch: 37.0 cache: ./cache/cord-284332-p4c1fneh.txt txt: ./txt/cord-284332-p4c1fneh.txt summary: [47] Although both of these studies were conducted prior to the 1994 AECC definition, ARDS was strictly defined in the aforementioned studies, including a PaO 2 /FiO 2 ratio <150 or intrapulmonary shunt >20% in patients requiring mechanical ventilation and who had diffuse infiltrates on chest radiograph without clinical evidence of heart failure as pulmonary arterial occlusion pressures were <18 mmHg. Building on the results of these two studies, Sinuff and colleagues [48] developed practice guidelines for prophylactic ketoconazole use, and tested the implementation and efficacy of these guidelines in two ICUs (one control and one active comparator). [119] A phase II study enrolling 98 patients with ALI compared an antioxidant enteral feeding formula containing eicosapentaenoic acid, g-linolenic acid and antioxidant vitamins with placebo, and observed improved oxygenation, reduced pulmonary inflammation, fewer days of mechanical ventilation and fewer non-pulmonary organ failures in the treatment arm, although there was no difference in mortality between this approach and the control group. abstract: The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) arises from direct and indirect injury to the lungs and results in a life-threatening form of respiratory failure in a heterogeneous, critically ill patient population. Critical care technologies used to support patients with ARDS, including strategies for mechanical ventilation, have resulted in improved outcomes in the last decade. However, there is still a need for effective pharmacotherapies to treat ARDS, as mortality rates remain high. To date, no single pharmacotherapy has proven effective in decreasing mortality in adult patients with ARDS, although exogenous surfactant replacement has been shown to reduce mortality in the paediatric population with ARDS from direct causes. Several promising therapies are currently being investigated in preclinical and clinical trials for treatment of ARDS in its acute and subacute, exudative phases. These include exogenous surfactant therapy, β(2)-adrenergic receptor agonists, antioxidants, immunomodulating agents and HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins). Recent research has also focused on prevention of acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress in patients at risk. Drugs such as captopril, rosiglitazone and incyclinide (COL-3), a tetracycline derivative, have shown promising results in animal models, but have not yet been tested clinically. Further research is needed to discover therapies to treat ARDS in its late, fibroproliferative phase. Given the vast number of negative clinical trials to date, it is unlikely that a single pharmacotherapy will effectively treat all patients with ARDS from differing causes. Future randomized controlled trials should target specific, more homogeneous subgroups of patients for single or combination therapy. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20568833/ doi: 10.2165/10898570-000000000-00000 id: cord-324635-27q3nxte author: Bouza, Emilio title: The situation of infection in the elderly in Spain: a multidisciplinary opinion document date: 2020-09-08 words: 15948.0 sentences: 794.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-324635-27q3nxte.txt txt: ./txt/cord-324635-27q3nxte.txt summary: Thus, for long-term care facility (LTCF) residents and in hospitalised elderly people, UTI is the number one cause of infection and is the second most common in older women living in the community [19] . The first data on infection in nursing homes in Spain come from the EPINGER study, conducted in community health centres in Catalonia, which reported a prevalence of 6.5%, although it should be pointed out that in Catalonia the concept of the community health centre would include medium-long term patients, while in the rest of the Spanish autonomous communities this concept would be limited to nursing homes [40] . This is a multi-centre system for monitoring nosocomial infections, based on the production of an annual prevalence study, which has been conducted since 1990 in a large group of hospitals in Spain and was promoted by the Spanish Society of Preventive Medicine, Public Health and Hygiene. The studies reviewed allow us to estimate a prevalence of infection of between 4 and 10% in nursing homes in Spain, depending on their complexity, and between 6 and 9% in hospitalised elderly people. abstract: Infection in the elderly is a huge issue whose treatment usually has partial and specific approaches. It is, moreover, one of the areas where intervention can have the most success in improving the quality of life of older patients. In an attempt to give the widest possible focus to this issue, the Health Sciences Foundation has convened experts from different areas to produce this position paper on Infection in the Elderly, so as to compare the opinions of expert doctors and nurses, pharmacists, journalists, representatives of elderly associations and concluding with the ethical aspects raised by the issue. The format is that of discussion of a series of pre-formulated questions that were discussed by all those present. We begin by discussing the concept of the elderly, the reasons for their predisposition to infection, the most frequent infections and their causes, and the workload and economic burden they place on society. We also considered whether we had the data to estimate the proportion of these infections that could be reduced by specific programmes, including vaccination programmes. In this context, the limited presence of this issue in the media, the position of scientific societies and patient associations on the issue and the ethical aspects raised by all this were discussed. url: https://doi.org/10.37201/req/057.2020 doi: 10.37201/req/057.2020 id: cord-329999-flzqm3wh author: Buchanan, Tom title: Why do people spread false information online? The effects of message and viewer characteristics on self-reported likelihood of sharing social media disinformation date: 2020-10-07 words: 13812.0 sentences: 728.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-329999-flzqm3wh.txt txt: ./txt/cord-329999-flzqm3wh.txt summary: Four studies (total N = 2,634) explored the effect of message attributes (authoritativeness of source, consensus indicators), viewer characteristics (digital literacy, personality, and demographic variables) and their interaction (consistency between message and recipient beliefs) on self-reported likelihood of spreading examples of disinformation. Descriptive statistics for participant characteristics (personality, conservatism, new media literacy and age) and their reactions to the stimuli (likelihood of sharing, belief the stories were likely to be true, and rating of likelihood that they had seen them before) are summarised in Table 2 . This evaluated the extent to which digital media literacy (NMLS), authority of the message source, consensus, belief in veracity of the messages, consistency with participant beliefs (operationalised as the total SECS conservatism scale score), age and personality (Extraversion, Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, Openness to Experience and Neuroticism), predicted self-rated likelihood of sharing the posts. abstract: Individuals who encounter false information on social media may actively spread it further, by sharing or otherwise engaging with it. Much of the spread of disinformation can thus be attributed to human action. Four studies (total N = 2,634) explored the effect of message attributes (authoritativeness of source, consensus indicators), viewer characteristics (digital literacy, personality, and demographic variables) and their interaction (consistency between message and recipient beliefs) on self-reported likelihood of spreading examples of disinformation. Participants also reported whether they had shared real-world disinformation in the past. Reported likelihood of sharing was not influenced by authoritativeness of the source of the material, nor indicators of how many other people had previously engaged with it. Participants’ level of digital literacy had little effect on their responses. The people reporting the greatest likelihood of sharing disinformation were those who thought it likely to be true, or who had pre-existing attitudes consistent with it. They were likely to have previous familiarity with the materials. Across the four studies, personality (lower Agreeableness and Conscientiousness, higher Extraversion and Neuroticism) and demographic variables (male gender, lower age and lower education) were weakly and inconsistently associated with self-reported likelihood of sharing. These findings have implications for strategies more or less likely to work in countering disinformation in social media. url: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0239666 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239666 id: cord-348570-plds5kbn author: Buneviciene, Inesa title: Can mHealth interventions improve quality of life of cancer patients? A systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2020-10-20 words: 5428.0 sentences: 260.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-348570-plds5kbn.txt txt: ./txt/cord-348570-plds5kbn.txt summary: In this systematic-review and meta-analysis, we explored the possible impact of health interventions delivered via mHealth tools on HRQoL of cancer patients. We aimed to systematically review studies that investigated the possible impact of health interventions delivered via mHealth tools on the HRQoL of patients with cancer and to pool the reported results from the original studies in a meta-analysis, when feasible. Finally, a healthy eating and physical activity feedback app (BENECA) administered to 80 overweight or obese breast cancer patients improved global health perception, physical, emotional, cognitive and social functioning domains, in addition to fatigue dyspnea and insomnia symptom severity, as evaluated by the EORTC-QLQ-C30 questionnaire [35] . One study in 114 breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy randomized patients to either an app-based support program (mHealth intervention group) or to usual care (control group), which comprised a health supportive care during chemotherapy as inpatients. abstract: mHealth can be used to deliver interventions to optimize Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of cancer patients. In this systematic-review and meta-analysis, we explored the possible impact of health interventions delivered via mHealth tools on HRQoL of cancer patients. The systematic literature search was performed on July 20, 2019, to identify studies that evaluated the impact of mHealth intervention on HRQoL of cancer patients. We identified 25 studies (17 randomized controlled trials and 8 pre-post design studies; 957 patients) that evaluated mHealth interventions. The most commonly studied mHealth interventions included physical activity/ fitness interventions (9 studies), cognitive behavioral therapy (6 studies), mindfulness/ stress management (3 studies). In the majority of studies, mHealth interventions were associated with an improved HRQoL of cancer patients. The meta-analysis of the identified studies supported the positive effect of mHealth interventions for HRQoL of cancer patients. mHealth interventions are promising for improving HRQoL of cancer patients. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S1040842820302596 doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2020.103123 id: cord-315149-71bmj5il author: Caballero Bermejo, Antonio F. title: Sarilumab versus standard of care for the early treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia in hospitalized patients: SARTRE: a structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial date: 2020-09-16 words: 11227.0 sentences: 612.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-315149-71bmj5il.txt txt: ./txt/cord-315149-71bmj5il.txt summary: The aim of the present study is to evaluate if an earlier therapeutic intervention with sarilumab plus SOC (including corticosteroids) may be more effective than current standard of care alone, in preventing progression to respiratory failure in COVID-19 infected patients with interstitial pneumonia. The aim of the present study is to evaluate if an earlier therapeutic intervention with sarilumab plus SOC may be more effective than current standard of care alone, which according to our local protocol includes weight adjusted corticosteroids doses, in preventing progression to respiratory failure in COVID-19 infected patients with interstitial pneumonia. Patients randomized to the control arm (CS + SOC group without sarilumab) progressing to severe respiratory failure fulfilling criteria for treatment with anti-IL6 inhibitors according to clinical practice guidelines, as defined by the presence of Brescia-COVID SARTRE STUDY EudraCT Number: 2020-002037-15 Version 2.0 (May 05th 2020) Scale 2-3 plus inflammatory markers, will be offered the option to be rescued with sarilumab at the same doses and be included in an open-label follow-up phase. abstract: OBJECTIVES: In some patients, acute, life-threatening respiratory injury produced by viruses such as SARS-CoV and other viral pneumonia are associated with an over-exuberant cytokine release. Elevated levels of blood IL-6 had been identified as a one of the risk factors associated with severe COVID-19 disease. Anti-IL6 inhibitors are among the therapeutic armamentarium for preventing the fatal consequences of acute respiratory and multi organ failure in around 20% of the COVID-19 infected patients. At present, their use is prioritized to patients with severe interstitial pneumonia (Brescia-COVID Scale-COVID 2-3) with hyperinflammation as determined by the presence of elevated IL6 and/or d-dimer, or progressive d-dimer increase, in patients who otherwise are subsidiary to ICU admission. However, many uncertainties remain on the actual role of anti-IL6 inhibitors in this setting, and whether current use and timing is the right one. There is the hypothesis that the use of anti-IL6 inhibitors at an earlier state during the hyperinflammatory syndrome would be beneficial and may avoid progressing to ARDS. On the other hand, the standard of care has changed and nowadays the use of corticosteroids has become part of the SOC in the treatment of COVID-19 pneumonia. Our limited experience suggests that better treatment outcomes can be achieved when combining IL6-inhibitors (e.g. sarilumab) with corticosteroids. The aim of the present study is to evaluate if an earlier therapeutic intervention with sarilumab plus SOC (including corticosteroids) may be more effective than current standard of care alone, in preventing progression to respiratory failure in COVID-19 infected patients with interstitial pneumonia. This study will also provide supportive evidence to that provided by currently ongoing studies on the efficacy and safety of sarilumab in this clinical context. TRIAL DESIGN: A phase two multi-center randomised controlled trial (RCT) with two parallel arms (1:1 ratio). PARTICIPANTS: They will be hospitalized patients, of at least 18 years of age, with severe COVID-19 who have positive RT-PCR test and have radiographic evidence of pulmonary infiltrates by imaging or rales/crackles on exam and SpO2 ≤ 94% on room air that requires supplemental oxygen. Patients must present elevation of inflammatory parameters (IL-6 > 40 pg/mL or d-dimer >1.0 mcg/ml) or, alternatively, progressive worsening in at least two of these inflammatory parameters in the prior 24-48h: CRP, LDH, serum ferritin, lymphopenia, or d-dimer. Exclusion criteria: high oxygen requirements (including face mask with reservoir, non-invasive mechanical ventilation or high flow nasal cannula, or mechanical ventilation), admission to ICU, pregnancy or lactation, allergy or hypersensitivity to sarilumab or corticoesteroids, immunosuppressive antibody therapy within the past 5 months, AST/ALT values > 10 x ULN, neutropenia (< 0.5 x 109/L), severe thrombocytopenia (< 50 x 109/L), sepsis caused by an alternative pathogen, diverticulitis with risk of perforation or ongoing infectious dermatitis. The study will be conducted in several hospitals in Spain. INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR: Patients randomised to the experimental arm will receive sarilumab + methylprednisolone plus SOC for COVID-19. Patients included in the control arm will receive methylprednisolone plus SOC for COVID-19. Corticosteroids will be given to all patients at a 1mg/kg/d of methylprednisolone for at least 3 days. Clinical follow-up visits will be performed at 3, 5, and 15 days after treatment randomization. Patients in the control group (SOC group without sarilumab) progressing to Brescia- COVID 2-3 plus inflammatory markers, will be given the option to be rescued with sarilumab at the same doses and, in that case, be included in an open-label phase and be followed up for additional weeks (with visits at 3, 7 and 15 days after sarilumab rescue administration). Patients randomly assigned to sarilumab therapy at baseline progressing to Brescia-COVID 2-3 will be rescued according to local clinical practice protocols. A final follow-up visit will be conducted for all patients at day 29 from randomization, regardless of initial treatment assignment. MAIN OUTCOMES: Primary end point is the proportion of patients progressing to either severe respiratory failure (Brescia-COVID ≥2), ICU admission, or death. RANDOMIZATION: Randomization codes were produced by means of the PROC PLAN of the SAS system, with a 1:1 assignment ratio, stratifying by centre and using blocks multiple of 2 elements. The randomization schedule will be managed through the eCRF in a concealed manner. BLINDING (MASKING): All study drugs will be administered as open label. No blinding methods will be used in this trial. NUMBERS TO BE RANDOMISED (SIMPLE SIZE): The target sample size will be 200 COVID-19 patients, who will be allocated randomly to control arm (100) and treatment arm (100). TRIAL STATUS: Protocol Code: SARTRE Protocol Date: May 05th 2020. Version: 2.0 The study has been approved by the Spanish Competent Authority (AEMPS) as a low intervention clinical trial. Start of recruitment: August, 2020 End of recruitment: May, 2021 TRIAL REGISTRATION: Identifier: EudraCT Number: 2020-002037-15; Registration date: 26 May 2020. FULL PROTOCOL: The full protocol is attached as an additional file, accessible from the Trials website (Additional file 1). In the interest in expediting dissemination of this material, the familiar formatting has been eliminated; this letter serves as a summary of the key elements of the full protocol. The study protocol has been reported in accordance with the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Clinical Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) guidelines (Additional file 2). url: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-020-04633-3 doi: 10.1186/s13063-020-04633-3 id: cord-267389-v2ihhtl0 author: Canevelli, Marco title: The Pipeline of Therapeutics Testing During the Emergency Phase of the COVID-19 Outbreak date: 2020-09-24 words: 3090.0 sentences: 136.0 pages: flesch: 39.0 cache: ./cache/cord-267389-v2ihhtl0.txt txt: ./txt/cord-267389-v2ihhtl0.txt summary: The clinicaltrials.gov database and the European Union (EU) Clinical Trials Register were investigated on March 31, 2020, to identify all ongoing phase 1–4 research protocols testing pharmacological interventions targeting SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or clinical syndromes associated with COVID-19. In this article, we provide a summary of the interventional studies that have been conducted worldwide to test the efficacy and/or safety/tolerability of pharmacological compounds against COVID-19 in the emergency phase of the pandemic. The following data were abstracted by three authors (F.T., Ga.R., and Gi.R.) from the selected protocols: NCT (the unique identification code assigned by clinicaltrials.gov) and/or EudraCT codes; study phase; allocation and masking procedures; tested compound(s); way of administration; mechanism of action; primary outcome measure(s); expected primary completion date; expected number of participants; age range of participants; targeted COVID-19 related condition; sponsor; and location. abstract: The coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic poses a serious threat to the sustainability of healthcare systems and is currently having a significant effect on living conditions worldwide. No therapeutic agent has yet proven to be effective for the treatment of COVID-19. The management of this disease currently relies on supportive care and the off-label and compassionate use of antivirals and immunomodulators. Nevertheless, there has been a great worldwide effort to progress research and test the efficacy and safety/tolerability profiles of numerous candidate agents that may positively affect the various clinical syndromes associated with COVID-19. In parallel, vaccination and chemoprophylaxis strategies are being investigated. This article provides a summary of interventional studies targeting COVID-19 during the emergency phase of the outbreak to broadly inform clinicians and researchers on what happened and what they can expect in upcoming months. The clinicaltrials.gov database and the European Union (EU) Clinical Trials Register were investigated on March 31, 2020, to identify all ongoing phase 1–4 research protocols testing pharmacological interventions targeting SARS-CoV-2 infection and/or clinical syndromes associated with COVID-19. Overall, six phase 1, four phase 1-2, 14 phase 2, ten phase 2-3, 19 phase 3, and nine phase 4 studies were identified, and the features of these studies are described in the present review. We also provide an updated overview of the change overtime in the pipeline following this emergency phase and based on the current epidemiology of the COVID-19 pandemic. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33072781/ doi: 10.3389/fmed.2020.552991 id: cord-344498-mwgccbfo author: Casado-Aranda, Luis-Alberto title: Analysis of the Scientific Production of the Effect of COVID-19 on the Environment: A Bibliometric Study date: 2020-11-03 words: 5776.0 sentences: 332.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-344498-mwgccbfo.txt txt: ./txt/cord-344498-mwgccbfo.txt summary: These publications can be broken down into six main themes: (i) a sharp reduction in air pollution and an improvement of the level of water pollution; (ii) the relationship of wind speed (positive), ultraviolet radiation (positive) and humidity (negative) with the rate of infections; (iii) the effect of the pandemic on the food supply chain and waste habits; (iv) wastewater monitoring offers a great potential as an early warning sign of COVID-19 transmission; (v) artificial intelligence and smart devices can be of great use in monitoring citizen mobilization; and (vi) the lessons gleaned from the pandemic that help define actions to mitigate climate change. The intention of the current study is to offer a first straightforward report on the evolution of publications combining the effect of COVID-19 on the environment since the outset of the pandemic, as well as to identify the main lines of research that are surging as a result of the crisis and establish a research agenda for environmental scholars. abstract: The fight against COVID-19 since January 2020 has become the top priority of more than 200 countries. In order to offer solutions to eradicate this global pandemic, the scientific community has published hundreds of articles covering a wide range of areas of knowledge. With the aim of synthesizing these publications, academics are resorting to bibliometric analyses from the perspectives of the disciplines such as biology, medicine, socioeconomics and tourism. Yet no bibliometric analysis has explored the diffuse and little-known growth of COVID-19 scientific publications in the field of environmental studies. The current study is the first of this type to fill this research gap. It has resorted to SciMAT software to evaluate the main topics, authors and journals of publications on the subject of COVID-19 combined with environmental studies spanning the period between 1 December 2019 and 6 September 2020. The search yielded a collection of 440 articles published in scientific journals indexed on by Web of Science and Scopus databases. These publications can be broken down into six main themes: (i) a sharp reduction in air pollution and an improvement of the level of water pollution; (ii) the relationship of wind speed (positive), ultraviolet radiation (positive) and humidity (negative) with the rate of infections; (iii) the effect of the pandemic on the food supply chain and waste habits; (iv) wastewater monitoring offers a great potential as an early warning sign of COVID-19 transmission; (v) artificial intelligence and smart devices can be of great use in monitoring citizen mobilization; and (vi) the lessons gleaned from the pandemic that help define actions to mitigate climate change. The results of the current study therefore offer an agenda for future research and constitute a starting point for academics in the field of environmental studies to evaluate the effects of COVID-19. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S001393512031313X doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110416 id: cord-295786-cpuz08vl author: Castillo-Sánchez, Gema title: Suicide Risk Assessment Using Machine Learning and Social Networks: a Scoping Review date: 2020-11-09 words: 7120.0 sentences: 509.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-295786-cpuz08vl.txt txt: ./txt/cord-295786-cpuz08vl.txt summary: This scoping review aims to identify the machine learning techniques used to predict suicide risk based on information posted on social networks. This scoping review aims to identify the current ML techniques used to predict suicide risk based on information posted on social networks. The authors have performed a systematic review to identify relevant papers that use suicide risk assessment models in social networks. To select the relevant studies on this topic, the authors defined the following inclusion criteria: & The studies include algorithms or models to estimate suicide risk using the social network. The research papers were excluded if they were not written in the English language, do not include a specific suicide intervention or do not report information regarding technical aspects of the model/algorithm used to detect suicide risk on social networks. The results of the application of artificial intelligence algorithms or models for suicide risk identification using data collected from social networks have been analyzed in this study. abstract: According to the World Health Organization (WHO) report in 2016, around 800,000 of individuals have committed suicide. Moreover, suicide is the second cause of unnatural death in people between 15 and 29 years. This paper reviews state of the art on the literature concerning the use of machine learning methods for suicide detection on social networks. Consequently, the objectives, data collection techniques, development process and the validation metrics used for suicide detection on social networks are analyzed. The authors conducted a scoping review using the methodology proposed by Arksey and O’Malley et al. and the PRISMA protocol was adopted to select the relevant studies. This scoping review aims to identify the machine learning techniques used to predict suicide risk based on information posted on social networks. The databases used are PubMed, Science Direct, IEEE Xplore and Web of Science. In total, 50% of the included studies (8/16) report explicitly the use of data mining techniques for feature extraction, feature detection or entity identification. The most commonly reported method was the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (4/8, 50%), followed by Latent Dirichlet Analysis, Latent Semantic Analysis, and Word2vec (2/8, 25%). Non-negative Matrix Factorization and Principal Component Analysis were used only in one of the included studies (12.5%). In total, 3 out of 8 research papers (37.5%) combined more than one of those techniques. Supported Vector Machine was implemented in 10 out of the 16 included studies (62.5%). Finally, 75% of the analyzed studies implement machine learning-based models using Python. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10916-020-01669-5. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10916-020-01669-5 doi: 10.1007/s10916-020-01669-5 id: cord-354592-vqws942c author: Cauvin, Annick J. title: Advantages and Limitations of Commonly Used Nonhuman Primate Species in Research and Development of Biopharmaceuticals date: 2015-03-20 words: 7293.0 sentences: 317.0 pages: flesch: 34.0 cache: ./cache/cord-354592-vqws942c.txt txt: ./txt/cord-354592-vqws942c.txt summary: The marmoset also has been used as a nonrodent second species in drug safety assessment of new chemical entities (NCEs) and, more recently, of biopharmaceuticals based on side effects, findings of given drugs, and metabolizing enzymes or receptors found to be similar to humans [16] [17] [18] [19] ; because of the closer phylogenetic relationship to humans than other second species such as the dog, common marmosets may be more suitable for certain types of PART 7 NHP-SPECIFIC ASPECTS OF STANDARD TOXICOLOGY STUDIES pharmacokinetic and toxicological screening. Conversely, study designs for use with NHPs do not cover all aspects of reproduction (e.g., direct fertility assessment through mating or egg implantation-pregnancy cannot be confirmed until day 20 of gestation) and so may not allow a full evaluation of the specific risks in humans. The cynomolgus monkey has been used as a relevant toxicology species for immunostimulatory agents such as Toll-like receptor agonists; however, while special recognition regarding the clinical risk of systemic cytokine release for certain targets is warranted, the NHP is not always predictive of this potential toxicity in humans. abstract: Nonhuman primates (NHPs) have been used extensively during the past four decades for research and nonclinical development because they are close to humans in terms of genetics, anatomy, physiology, and immunology. They have been widely used in the development of infection models, leading to the generation of vaccines and drugs, as well as in the nonclinical pharmacologic and toxicologic assessment of biopharmaceuticals, especially in the fields of immunotherapy and oncology, despite the constant pressure to move to lower species. In many cases, NHPs are the only species that allows a correct risk assessment for humans. Nevertheless, limitations inherent to each species have to be considered before an investigation. This chapter shines some light on the respective interests and limitations of using cynomolgus monkeys, rhesus monkeys, and marmosets in medical research and nonclinical development, with a specific focus on reproduction and immunology. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/B9780124171442000196 doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-417144-2.00019-6 id: cord-345611-xv62h83a author: Cavalcanti, A. B. title: Hydroxychloroquine alone or in combination with azithromycin to prevent major clinical events in hospitalised patients with coronavirus infection (COVID-19): rationale and design of a randomised, controlled clinical trial date: 2020-05-26 words: 4284.0 sentences: 225.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-345611-xv62h83a.txt txt: ./txt/cord-345611-xv62h83a.txt summary: Methods and analysis: We describe the rationale and design of an open-label pragmatic multicentre randomised (concealed) clinical trial of 7 days of hydroxychloroquine (400 mg BID) plus azithromycin (500 mg once daily), hydroxychloroquine 400 mg BID, or standard of care for moderately severe hospitalised patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 (in-patients with up to 4L/minute oxygen supply through nasal catheter). The control group receive the current standard of care treatment for COVID-19, which includes daily monitoring with clinical assessment of the attending physician, routine laboratory tests (blood count, urea, creatinine, liver enzymes and bilirubin, c-reactive protein) at the discretion of the attending physician, respiratory and motor physiotherapy, surveillance of vital parameters according to the patient''s location (inpatient unit and ICU), at least once per period, which may be more frequent CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license It is made available under a is the author/funder, who has granted medRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. abstract: Introduction: Hydroxychloroquine and its combination with azithromycin have been suggested to improve viral clearance in patients with COVID-19, but its effect on clinical outcomes remains uncertain. Methods and analysis: We describe the rationale and design of an open-label pragmatic multicentre randomised (concealed) clinical trial of 7 days of hydroxychloroquine (400 mg BID) plus azithromycin (500 mg once daily), hydroxychloroquine 400 mg BID, or standard of care for moderately severe hospitalised patients with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 (in-patients with up to 4L/minute oxygen supply through nasal catheter). Patients are randomised in around 50 recruiting sites and we plan to enrol 630 patients with COVID-19. The primary endpoint is a 7-level ordinal scale measured at 15-days: 1)not hospitalised, without limitations on activities; 2)not hospitalised, with limitations on activities; 3)hospitalised, not using supplementary oxygen; 4)hospitalised, using supplementary oxygen; 5)hospitalised, using high-flow nasal cannula or non-invasive ventilation; 6)hospitalised, on mechanical ventilation; 7)death. Secondary endpoints are the ordinal scale at 7 days, need for mechanical ventilation and rescue therapies during 15 days, need of high-flow nasal cannula or non-invasive ventilation during 15 days, length of hospital stay, in-hospital mortality, thromboembolic events, occurrence of acute kidney injury, and number of days free of respiratory support at 15 days. Secondary safety outcomes include prolongation of QT interval on electrocardiogram, ventricular arrhythmias, and liver toxicity. The main analysis will consider all patients with confirmed COVID-19 in the groups they were randomly assigned. Ethics and dissemination: This study has been approved by Brazil's National Ethic Committee (CONEP) and National Health Surveillance Agency (ANVISA). An independent data monitoring committee will perform interim analyses and evaluate adverse events throughout the trial. Results will be submitted for publication after enrolment and follow-up are complete, as well as presented and reported to local health agencies. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT04322123 url: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.19.20106997 doi: 10.1101/2020.05.19.20106997 id: cord-323463-osf6t7cw author: Cercenado, Emilia title: Update on bacterial pathogens: virulence and resistance date: 2008-04-30 words: 15021.0 sentences: 679.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-323463-osf6t7cw.txt txt: ./txt/cord-323463-osf6t7cw.txt summary: This paper focus on a variety of diseases that pose major clinical and public health challenges today; and include infections produced by community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and S. Although predictions during the 20th century indicated that the incidence of infectious diseases would diminish as a result of improvements in sanitation and by the introduction of many vaccines and antibiotics, at the beginning of the 21st century the rates of infections produced by new pathogens or by reemerging microorganisms possessing new virulence or resistance phenotypes is increasing, threatening the overall human health [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] . It is in this scenario where community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) has emerged as the most common pathogen isolated from patients with skin and soft-tissue infections attending to the emergency departments in many United States and Australian cities 8, 9 , and at present, its incidence is increasing in other parts of the world 10, 11 . abstract: The present article is an update of the literature on bacterial pathogens. Recognizing the interest and scientific and public health importance of infections produced by bacterial pathogens with new virulence mechanisms and/or new mechanisms of resistance to antimicrobial agents, a multidisciplinary group of Spanish physicians and microbiologists organized a joint session and revised the most important papers produced in the field during 2006. Each article was analyzed and discussed by one of the members of the panel. This paper focus on a variety of diseases that pose major clinical and public health challenges today; and include infections produced by community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and S. aureus small colony variants, infections produced by multiply resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci, pneumococcal infections, human listeriosis, meningococcal disease, Haemophilus influenzae, pertussis, Escherichia coli, ESBL-producing organisms, and infections due to non-fermenters. After a review of the state of the art, papers selected in this field are discussed. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0213005X0876378X doi: 10.1016/s0213-005x(08)76378-x id: cord-319323-1qt7vf59 author: Chakraborty, Amartya title: Around the world in 60 days: an exploratory study of impact of COVID-19 on online global news sentiment date: 2020-10-21 words: 7868.0 sentences: 326.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-319323-1qt7vf59.txt txt: ./txt/cord-319323-1qt7vf59.txt summary: The proposed work takes up the challenge of mining a comprehensive set of online news texts, for determining the prevailing sentiment in the context of the ongoing pandemic, along with a statistical analysis of the relation between actual effect of COVID-19 and online news sentiment. The current work statistically determines how and after what amount of delay, the number of affected patients, and number of deaths due to COVID-19, impacts the news sentiment in regional and world-wide news, -The authors also analyze other relevant factors that contribute to rise or fall of global news sentiment related to particular countries. A visual analysis of these images reveals how the observations are generally applicable throughout the data from different countries; that is, whether the global news sentiment about a country is actually affected by the daily trends in number of new cases or deaths. abstract: The world is going through an unprecedented crisis due to COVID-19 breakout, and people all over the world are forced to stay indoors for safety. In such a situation, the rise and fall of the number of affected cases or deaths has turned into a constant headline in most news channels. Consequently, there is a lack of positivity in the world-wide news published in different forms of media. Texts based on news articles, movie reviews, tweets, etc. are often analyzed by researchers, and mined for determining opinion or sentiment, using supervised and unsupervised methods. The proposed work takes up the challenge of mining a comprehensive set of online news texts, for determining the prevailing sentiment in the context of the ongoing pandemic, along with a statistical analysis of the relation between actual effect of COVID-19 and online news sentiment. The amount and observed delay of impact of the ground truth situation on online news is determined on a global scale, as well as at country level. The authors conclude that at a global level, the news sentiment has a good amount of dependence on the number of new cases or deaths, while the effect varies for different countries, and is also dependent on regional socio-political factors. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42001-020-00088-3 doi: 10.1007/s42001-020-00088-3 id: cord-324786-8k81jetq author: Chang, Anne B title: Antibiotics for bronchiectasis exacerbations in children: rationale and study protocol for a randomised placebo-controlled trial date: 2012-08-31 words: 5672.0 sentences: 298.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-324786-8k81jetq.txt txt: ./txt/cord-324786-8k81jetq.txt summary: Our study tests the hypothesis that both oral azithromycin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid are superior to placebo at improving resolution rates of respiratory exacerbations by day 14 in children with bronchiectasis unrelated to cystic fibrosis. Our multicentre, double-blind RCT is designed to determine if azithromycin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, compared with placebo, improve symptom resolution on day 14 in children with acute respiratory exacerbations. Early and effective management of bronchiectasis exacerbations in children may lead to reduced hospitalisations, better quality of life (QOL) and improved future adult lung function. Our study tests the primary hypothesis that both oral azithromycin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid are superior to placebo in improving the resolution rate of respiratory exacerbations by day 14 in children with non-CF bronchiectasis. We are conducting a multicentre, parallel group, double-blind placebo RCT (with concealed allocation) to assess the impact of treatment with antibiotics (azithromycin or amoxicillinclavulanic acid) in children with an exacerbation of bronchiectasis. abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite bronchiectasis being increasingly recognised as an important cause of chronic respiratory morbidity in both indigenous and non-indigenous settings globally, high quality evidence to inform management is scarce. It is assumed that antibiotics are efficacious for all bronchiectasis exacerbations, but not all practitioners agree. Inadequately treated exacerbations may risk lung function deterioration. Our study tests the hypothesis that both oral azithromycin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid are superior to placebo at improving resolution rates of respiratory exacerbations by day 14 in children with bronchiectasis unrelated to cystic fibrosis. METHODS: We are conducting a bronchiectasis exacerbation study (BEST), which is a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, double-dummy, placebo-controlled, parallel group trial, in five centres (Brisbane, Perth, Darwin, Melbourne, Auckland). In the component of BEST presented here, 189 children fulfilling inclusion criteria are randomised (allocation-concealed) to receive amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (22.5 mg/kg twice daily) with placebo-azithromycin; azithromycin (5 mg/kg daily) with placebo-amoxicillin-clavulanic acid; or placebo-azithromycin with placebo-amoxicillin-clavulanic acid for 14 days. Clinical data and a paediatric cough-specific quality of life score are obtained at baseline, at the start and resolution of exacerbations, and at day 14. In most children, blood and deep nasal swabs are also collected at the same time points. The primary outcome is the proportion of children whose exacerbations have resolved at day 14. The main secondary outcome is the paediatric cough-specific quality of life score. Other outcomes are time to next exacerbation; requirement for hospitalisation; duration of exacerbation; and spirometry data. Descriptive viral and bacteriological data from nasal samples and blood markers will also be reported. DISCUSSION: Effective, evidence-based management of exacerbations in people with bronchiectasis is clinically important. Yet, there are few randomised controlled trials (RCTs) in the neglected area of non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. Indeed, no published RCTs addressing the treatment of bronchiectasis exacerbations in children exist. Our multicentre, double-blind RCT is designed to determine if azithromycin and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, compared with placebo, improve symptom resolution on day 14 in children with acute respiratory exacerbations. Our planned assessment of the predictors of antibiotic response, the role of antibiotic-resistant respiratory pathogens, and whether early treatment with antibiotics affects duration and time to the next exacerbation, are also all novel. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Register (ANZCTR) number ACTRN12612000011886. url: https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6215-13-156 doi: 10.1186/1745-6215-13-156 id: cord-267608-0odu8lus author: Chen, Daohong title: Innovative highlights of clinical drug trial design date: 2020-06-03 words: 4164.0 sentences: 155.0 pages: flesch: 28.0 cache: ./cache/cord-267608-0odu8lus.txt txt: ./txt/cord-267608-0odu8lus.txt summary: Accordingly taking the advantage of interim analysis based on novel biomarker approach for detecting the pathogenesis-specific molecular alteration(s), an adaptive clinical study can select the drug-sensitive sub-population from patients with initially targeted disease or an alternative indication, to continue the investigation for an optimized therapeutic efficacy [7] . While human bioequivalence study is increasingly contributing to evaluation of emerging formulation and bio-similar agents besides chemical generics [4] , several adaptive trial designs have been capable of translating the scientific breakthroughs into novel therapeutic benefits with shorter processing time and lower financial costs, to address the unmet clinical needs [3, 19] . Of note, to preserve the strength of clear defining efficacy and safety of tested drugs, the innovative designs of clinical study are substantially overlapped with classic trial protocols of three phases which still serve as the mainstream approach of clinical investigation [3, 7] . abstract: Clinical trials serve as the gold standard to evaluate the efficacy and safety of tested drugs prior to marketing authorization. Nevertheless, there have been a few challenging issues well noted in traditional clinical trials such as tedious processing duration and escalating high costs among others. To improve the efficiency of clinical studies, a spectrum of expedited clinical trial modes has been designed, and selectively implemented in contemporary drug developing landscape. Herein this article presents an update on the innovated human trial designs that are corroborated through coming up with approval of notable therapeutic compounds for clinical utilization including delivery of several blockbuster products. It is intended to inspire clinical investigators and pharmaceutical development not only timely communicating with the regulatory agencies, but also insightful translating from cutting-edge scientific discoveries. url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trsl.2020.05.007 doi: 10.1016/j.trsl.2020.05.007 id: cord-318342-eipscagh author: Chen, Juan title: The Impact of COVID-19 on Blood Glucose: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis date: 2020-10-05 words: 3598.0 sentences: 205.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-318342-eipscagh.txt txt: ./txt/cord-318342-eipscagh.txt summary: Results: Three studies reported blood glucose and HbA1c according to the severity of COVID-19 and were included in this meta-analysis. It remains unclear regarding the effect of severity of COVID-19 infection on glycemic parameters, including blood glucose and glycated haemoglobinA1c (HbA1c). Finally, three papers were included in the meta-analysis that evaluated blood glucose and/or HbA1c levels according to the severity of COVID-19 (17) (18) (19) . The z-test result for overall effects was statistically significant (P < 0.001), indicating a significantly greater elevation in blood glucose in patients with severe COVID-19 infection than those in the mild group. In the present meta-analysis, we found that blood glucose was significantly higher in patients with severe COVID-19 than those with mild COVID-19 (WMD 2.21, 95% CI: 1.30-3.13, P < 0.001, I 2 = 0%). abstract: Background: Diabetes mellitus is considered a common comorbidity of COVID-19, which has a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from asymptomatic infection to severe respiratory symptoms and even death. However, the impact of COVID-19 on blood glucose has not been fully understood. This meta-analysis aimed to summarize available data on the association between glycemic parameters and severity of COVID-19. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library were searched from December 1, 2019 to May 15, 2020. Observational studies investigating blood glucose or glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) according to the severity of COVID-19 were considered for inclusion. Two independent researchers extracted data from eligible studies using a standardized data extraction sheet and then proceeded to cross check the results. Data were pooled using a fixed- or random-effects model to calculate the weighted mean differences (WMDs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Three studies reported blood glucose and HbA1c according to the severity of COVID-19 and were included in this meta-analysis. The combined results showed that severe COVID-19 was associated with higher blood glucose (WMD 2.21, 95% CI: 1.30–3.13, P < 0.001). In addition, HbA1c was slightly higher in patients with severe COVID-19 than those with mild COVID-19, yet this difference did not reach significance (WMD 0.29, 95% CI: −0.59 to 1.16, P = 0.52). Conclusions: This meta-analysis provides evidence that severe COVID-19 is associated with increased blood glucose. This highlights the need to effectively monitor blood glucose to improve prognosis in patients infected with COVID-19. url: https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2020.574541 doi: 10.3389/fendo.2020.574541 id: cord-003364-hp8psl4s author: Chen, Xiantao title: Lipid Transporter Activity-Related Genetic Polymorphisms Are Associated With Steroid-Induced Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head: An Updated Meta-Analysis Based on the GRADE Guidelines date: 2018-12-03 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Aims: The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between genetic variants and steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) in steroid use populations. Methods: We searched the public databases up to April 15, 2018. This study analyzed only the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that have appeared in more than three studies and assessed the level of evidence by classifying the outcomes according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Results: The ABCB1 rs1045642 C>T mutation had a protective effect against SONFH in the allelic model (I(2) = 50.2%; OR: 0.74; 95% CI: 0.55–1.00; p = 0.046). The rs2032582 mutation in the ABCB1 gene showed no relationship to SONFH (allelic model: I(2) = 63.4%; OR: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.58–1.23; p = 0.382). In ApoB rs693, four models showed that mutations can increase SONFH risk, but the allelic model did not. The ApoB rs1042031 mutation increased SONFH risk in the dominant model (I(2) = 50.3%; OR: 2.90; 95% CI: 1.49–5.66; p = 0.002). Conclusion: An allelic model of ABCB1 rs1045642 showed that mutations have a protective effect against SONFH at a very low level of evidence. The mutations in ApoB rs693 and rs1042031 increase the SONFH risk with moderate levels of evidence. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6287043/ doi: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01684 id: cord-298257-uptgv2xv author: Cheng, Wenwen title: Efficacy and Safety of Corticosteroid Treatment in Patients With COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis date: 2020-09-09 words: 5802.0 sentences: 306.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-298257-uptgv2xv.txt txt: ./txt/cord-298257-uptgv2xv.txt summary: Compared with the control treatments, corticosteroid therapy was associated with clinical recovery (RR = 1.30, 95% CI [0.98, 1.72]) and a significantly shortened length of ICU hospitalization (RR = −6.50; 95% CI [−7.63 to −5.37]), but it did not affect the mortality ((RR = 1.59; 95% CI [0.69–3.66], I(2) = 93.5%), utilization of mechanical ventilation (RR = 0.35; 95% CI [0.10, 1.18]), duration of symptoms (WMD = 1.69; 95% CI [−0.24 to 3.62]) or virus clearance time (RR = 1.01; 95% CI [−0.91 to 2.92], I(2) = 57%) in COVID-19 patients. to explore the efficacy of the early use of short-term corticosteroids compared with a control treatment in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19 pneumonia in Wuhan Union Hospital and reported a remarkable improvement of clinical symptoms and chest computed tomography (CT) findings . All the included retrospective cohort studies (without control group) and case studies did not report virus clearance time in patients with COVID-19 after corticosteroid treatment. abstract: BACKGROUND: COVID-19 is a type of pneumonia caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection that was identified in December 2019. Corticosteroid therapy was empirically used for clinical treatment in the early stage of the disease outbreak; however, data regarding its efficacy and safety are controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of corticosteroid therapy in patients with COVID-19. METHODS: The PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, and China Science and Technology Journal (VIP) databases were searched for studies. Data on clinical improvement, mortality, virus clearance time, adverse events (AEs), utilization of mechanical ventilation, length of intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalization, and hospital stay were extracted by two authors independently. Study quality was assessed by the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (cohort studies). The pooled data were meta-analyzed using a random effects model, and the quality of evidence was rated using the GRADE approach. RESULTS: Eleven cohort studies (corticosteroid group vs control group), two retrospective cohort studies (without control group), and seven case studies were identified. A total of 2840 patients were included. Compared with the control treatments, corticosteroid therapy was associated with clinical recovery (RR = 1.30, 95% CI [0.98, 1.72]) and a significantly shortened length of ICU hospitalization (RR = −6.50; 95% CI [−7.63 to −5.37]), but it did not affect the mortality ((RR = 1.59; 95% CI [0.69–3.66], I(2) = 93.5%), utilization of mechanical ventilation (RR = 0.35; 95% CI [0.10, 1.18]), duration of symptoms (WMD = 1.69; 95% CI [−0.24 to 3.62]) or virus clearance time (RR = 1.01; 95% CI [−0.91 to 2.92], I(2) = 57%) in COVID-19 patients. Treatment with corticosteroids in patients with COVID-19 may cause mild adverse outcomes. The quality of evidence was low or very low for all outcomes. CONCLUSION: The findings of our study indicate that corticosteroid therapy is not highly effective, but it appears to improve prognosis and promote clinical recovery in patients with severe COVID-19. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33013412/ doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.571156 id: cord-282194-0sjmf1yn author: Cherak, Stephana J. title: Impact of social media interventions and tools among informal caregivers of critically ill patients after patient admission to the intensive care unit: A scoping review date: 2020-09-11 words: 5411.0 sentences: 276.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-282194-0sjmf1yn.txt txt: ./txt/cord-282194-0sjmf1yn.txt summary: title: Impact of social media interventions and tools among informal caregivers of critically ill patients after patient admission to the intensive care unit: A scoping review The purpose of this scoping review was to summarize existing research on the impact of social media interventions and tools among informal caregivers of critically ill patients after patient admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). For the purposes of this review, we defined: (1) a caregiver as any informal (i.e., non-clinical) person who regularly provides support to the patient and is in some way directly implicated in the patient''s care or directly affected by the patient''s health problem (e.g., family, friend); (2) social media as any form of electronic communication that allow users to share information and other content and create online communities; and (3) critically ill patients as any persons who are currently admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) or had previously been admitted to an ICU. abstract: BACKGROUND: The use of social media in healthcare continues to evolve. The purpose of this scoping review was to summarize existing research on the impact of social media interventions and tools among informal caregivers of critically ill patients after patient admission to the intensive care unit (ICU). METHODS: This review followed established scoping review methods, including an extensive a priori-defined search strategy implemented in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and the Cochrane CENTRAL Register of Controlled Trials databases to July 10, 2020. Primary research studies reporting on the use of social media by informal caregivers for critically ill patients were included. RESULTS: We identified 400 unique citations and thirty-one studies met the inclusion criteria. Nine were interventional trials–four randomized controlled trials (RCTs)–and a majority (n = 14) were conducted (i.e., data collected) between 2013 to 2015. Communication platforms (e.g., Text Messaging, Web Camera) were the most commonly used social media tool (n = 17), followed by social networking sites (e.g., Facebook, Instagram) (n = 6), and content communities (e.g., YouTube, SlideShare) (n = 5). Nine studies’ primary objective was caregiver satisfaction, followed by self-care (n = 6), and health literacy (n = 5). Nearly every study reported an outcome on usage feasibility (e.g., user attitudes, preferences, demographics) (n = 30), and twenty-three studies reported an outcome related to patient and caregiver satisfaction. Among the studies that assessed statistical significance (n = 18), 12 reported statistically significant positive effects of social media use. Overall, 16 of the 31 studies reported positive conclusions (e.g., increased knowledge, satisfaction, involvement) regarding the use of social media among informal caregivers for critically ill patients. CONCLUSIONS: Social media has potential benefits for caregivers of the critically ill. More robust and clinically relevant studies are required to identify effective social media strategies used among caregivers for the critically ill. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32915848/ doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0238803 id: cord-283340-ksyd5l56 author: Choi, Geun Joo title: The Potential Role of Dyslipidemia in COVID-19 Severity: an Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews date: 2020-09-21 words: 4949.0 sentences: 279.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-283340-ksyd5l56.txt txt: ./txt/cord-283340-ksyd5l56.txt summary: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze the available knowledge about the potential association between dyslipidemia and the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as reported in previous published systematic reviews. Specifically, we conducted an umbrella review to evaluate the findings of systematic reviews and/or metaanalyses that investigated the relationship of dyslipidemia and severity of COVID-19 infection and to assess the evidence regarding potential limitations and the consistency of findings. The following criteria were applied to identify the articles to be included in the present umbrella review: (1) systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses; (2) studies involving adults who tested positive for COVID-19; and (3) studies reporting the association between dyslipidemia and COVID-19 infection. Two authors (G.J.C. and H.M.K.) independently extracted the outcomes on the relationship of dyslipidemia or non-dyslipidemia and lipid profile with COVID-19 infection severity from the identified systematic reviews and meta-analyses. abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze the available knowledge about the potential association between dyslipidemia and the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) as reported in previous published systematic reviews. METHODS: In this umbrella review (an overview of systematic reviews), we investigated the association between dyslipidemia and COVID-19 severity. A systematic search was performed of 4 main electronic databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library databases) from inception until August 2020. We evaluated the methodological quality of the included studies using the A MeaSurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) 2 tool and used the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system to assess the quality of evidence for the outcome. In addition, we evaluated the strengths and limitations of the evidence and the methodological quality of the available studies. RESULTS: Out of 35 articles identified, 2 systematic reviews were included in the umbrella review. A total of 7,951 COVID-19-positive patients were included. According to the AMSTAR 2 criteria and GRADE system, the quality of the included studies was not high. A history of dyslipidemia is likely to be associated with the severity of COVID-19 infection, but the contrary is the case for cholesterol levels at hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS: Although existing research on dyslipidemia and COVID-19 is limited, our findings suggest that dyslipidemia may play a role in the severity of COVID-19 infection. More adequately powered studies are needed. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO Identifier: CRD42020205979 url: https://doi.org/10.12997/jla.2020.9.3.435 doi: 10.12997/jla.2020.9.3.435 id: cord-007321-7gi6xrci author: Chow, Anthony W. title: Evaluation of New Anti-Infective Drugs for the Treatment of Respiratory Tract Infections date: 1992-11-17 words: 16053.0 sentences: 825.0 pages: flesch: 31.0 cache: ./cache/cord-007321-7gi6xrci.txt txt: ./txt/cord-007321-7gi6xrci.txt summary: These guidelines for the evaluation of drugs for the treatment of respiratory tract infections include acute streptococcal pharyngitis and tonsillitis, acute otitis media, acute and chronic sinusitis, acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, and acute infectious pneumonia (table 1). This is often the case in otitis media, sinusitis, and pneumonia, when the use of invasive procedures such as tympanocentesis, sinus puncture, or transtracheal aspiration to confirm microbial eradication in the patient who is improving clinically generally is considered unjustified. Patients eligible for study entrance are children or adults with symptomatic pharyngitis or tonsillitis of acute onset clinically consistent with infection with group A I3-hemolytic streptococci and from whom group A (3-hemolytic streptococci have been isolated in cultures of throat -swab specimen or for whom a rapid screening test has indicated the presence of streptococci. abstract: These guidelines deal with the evaluation of anti-infective drugs for the treatment of respiratory tract infections. Five clinical entities are described: streptococcal pharyngitis and tonsillitis, otitis media, sinusitis, bronchitis, and pneumonia. A wide variety of microorganisms are potentially pathogenetic in these diseases; these guidelines focus on the bacterial infections. Inclusion of a patient in a trial of a new drug is based on the clinical entity, with the requirement that a reasonable attempt will be made to establish a specific microbial etiology. Microbiologic evaluation of efficacy requires isolation of the pathogen and testing for in vitro susceptibility. Alternatively, surrogate markers may be used to identify the etiologic agent. The efficacy of new drugs is evaluated with reference to anticipated response rates. Establishment of the microbial etiology of respiratory tract infections is hampered by the presence of “normal flora” of the nose, mouth, and pharynx, which may include asymptomatic carriage of potential pathogens. This issue is addressed for each category of infection described. For example, it is suggested that for initial phase 2 trials of acute otitis media and acute sinusitis tympanocentesis or direct sinus puncture be used to collect exudate for culture. Acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis also present difficulties in the establishment of microbial etiology. These guidelines suggest that clinical trials employ an active control drug but leave open the possibility of a placebo-controlled trial. For pneumonia, the guidelines suggest the identification and enrollment of patients by the clinical type of pneumonia, e.g., atypical pneumonia or acute bacterial pneumonia, rather than by etiologic organism or according to whether it was community or hospital acquired. For each respiratory infection, the clinical response is judged as cure, failure, or indeterminate. Clinical improvement is not acceptable unless quantitative response measures can be applied. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7110372/ doi: 10.1093/clind/15.supplement_1.s62 id: cord-003062-qm8kalyt author: Chowdhury, Fazle Rabbi title: The association between temperature, rainfall and humidity with common climate-sensitive infectious diseases in Bangladesh date: 2018-06-21 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: Bangladesh is one of the world’s most vulnerable countries for climate change. This observational study examined the association of temperature, humidity and rainfall with six common climate-sensitive infectious diseases in adults (malaria, diarrheal disease, enteric fever, encephalitis, pneumonia and bacterial meningitis) in northeastern Bangladesh. Subjects admitted to the adult medicine ward of a tertiary referral hospital in Sylhet, Bangladesh from 2008 to 2012 with a diagnosis of one of the six chosen climate-sensitive infectious diseases were enrolled in the study. Climate-related data were collected from the Bangladesh Meteorological Institute. Disease incidence was then analyzed against mean temperature, humidity and average rainfall for the Sylhet region. Statistical significance was determined using Mann-Whitney test, Chi-square test and ANOVA testing. 5033 patients were enrolled (58% male, 42% female, ratio 1.3:1). All six diseases showed highly significant (p = 0.01) rises in incidence between the study years 2008 (540 cases) and 2012 (1330 cases), compared with no significant rise in overall all-cause hospital admissions in the same period (p = 0.19). The highest number of malaria (135), diarrhea (266) and pneumonia (371) cases occurred during the rainy season. On the other hand, the maximum number of enteric fever (408), encephalitis (183) and meningitis (151) cases occurred during autumn, which follows the rainy season. A positive (P = 0.01) correlation was observed between increased temperature and the incidence of malaria, enteric fever and diarrhea, and a negative correlation with encephalitis, meningitis and pneumonia. Higher humidity correlated (P = 0.01) with a higher number of cases of malaria and diarrhea, but inversely correlated with meningitis and encephalitis. Higher incidences of encephalitis and meningitis occurred while there was low rainfall. Incidences of diarrhea, malaria and enteric fever, increased with rainfall, and then gradually decreased. The findings support a relationship between weather patterns and disease incidence, and provide essential baseline data for future large prospective studies. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6013221/ doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199579 id: cord-350424-gwkxxkuu author: Cleland, Brice T. title: Feasibility and Safety of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in an Outpatient Rehabilitation Setting After Stroke date: 2020-10-09 words: 5416.0 sentences: 302.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-350424-gwkxxkuu.txt txt: ./txt/cord-350424-gwkxxkuu.txt summary: title: Feasibility and Safety of Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in an Outpatient Rehabilitation Setting After Stroke Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has strong potential for outpatient clinical use, but feasibility and safety of tDCS has only been evaluated in laboratory and inpatient clinical settings. The application of tDCS was incorporated into the standard time for the treatment session (55 min) and applied during the~15-min warmup exercise performed at each participant''s comfortable intensity and personalized based on each patient''s baseline self-selected gait speed. The effect of single session bi-cephalic transcranial direct current stimulation on gait performance in sub-acute stroke: A pilot study Effects of transcranial direct current stimulation over the supplementary motor area body weight-supported treadmill gait training in hemiparetic patients after stroke Effect of transcranial direct current stimulation on severely affected arm-hand motor function in patients after an acute ischemic stroke: A pilot randomized control trial abstract: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) has strong potential for outpatient clinical use, but feasibility and safety of tDCS has only been evaluated in laboratory and inpatient clinical settings. The objective of this study was to assess feasibility and safety of tDCS for stroke in an outpatient clinical setting. Individuals with stroke in outpatient therapy received tDCS during physical therapy sessions. Feasibility was assessed with screening, enrollment, withdrawal, and adherence numbers, tDCS impressions, and perceived benefits and detriments of tDCS. Acute changes in fatigue and self-reported function and pre-post changes in fatigue were also assessed. Safety was assessed as adverse events and side effects. In total, 85 individuals were screened, and 10 were enrolled. Most exclusions were unrelated to clinical feasibility. In total, 3 participants withdrew, so 7 participants completed 2 sessions/week for 5–6 weeks with 100% adherence. In total, 71% reported positive impressions of tDCS. tDCS setup decreased to 5–7 min at end of study. There was one adverse event unrelated to tDCS. Mild to moderate side effects (tingling, itching, pinching, and fatigue) were experienced. In total, 86% of participants recounted benefits of tDCS. There were acute improvements in function and energy. Results support the feasibility and safety of tDCS in an outpatient clinical setting. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10100719 doi: 10.3390/brainsci10100719 id: cord-337316-ialg7d7e author: Cori, Liliana title: Risk Perception of Air Pollution: A Systematic Review Focused on Particulate Matter Exposure date: 2020-09-03 words: 9406.0 sentences: 469.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-337316-ialg7d7e.txt txt: ./txt/cord-337316-ialg7d7e.txt summary: To systematically examine the articles selected, the explored dimensions of perception (understanding/sensorial perception; reactions/psychological consequences; reactions/physical consequences; behaviors) were categorized by 20 features (awareness; belief; knowledge; concern; risk perception; worry; fear; outrage; familiarity; trust; annoyance; anxiety; life quality change; self-reported health symptoms; avoidance of the problem; search for information; exposure reduction; proactivity; request for action; and acceptance). Cross-sectional study by questionnaire to evaluate relationships between concern on health effects of air pollution and personal and environmental factors. The results of this analysis, presented in Table 2 , showed that for "understanding" (44) , most of the articles focused on awareness (32); for "reactions/psychological" (48), more represented risk perception (23); for "reactions/physical" (44) , the declared symptoms were most represented (26); and for "behaviours" (38) , exposure reduction (13) and search for information (12) were the most represented. People, place and pollution: Investigating relationships between air quality perceptions, health concerns, exposure, and individual-and area-level characteristics abstract: The adverse health effects of exposure to air pollutants, notably to particulate matter (PM), are well-known, as well as the association with measured or estimated concentration levels. The role of perception can be relevant in exploring effects and pollution control actions. The purpose of this study was to explore studies that analyse people’s perception, together with the measurement of air pollution, in order to elucidate the relationship between them. We conducted a systematic review in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. In March 2020, PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus databases were explored in an attempt to search for studies published from 2000 to 2020. The review included 38 studies, most of which were conducted in China (n = 13) and the United States (n = 11) and published over the last four years (n = 26). Three studies were multicenter investigations, while five articles were based on a national-level survey. The air quality (AQ) was assessed by monitoring stations (n = 24) or dispersion models (n = 7). Many studies were population questionnaire-based, air monitoring and time-series studies, and web-based investigations. A direct association between exposure and perception emerged in 20 studies. This systematic review has shown that most of the studies establish a relationship between risk perception measurement. A broad spectrum of concepts and notions related to perception also emerged, which is undoubtedly an indicator of the wealth of available knowledge and is promising for future research. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17176424 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17176424 id: cord-102796-rr8qet8c author: Counotte, Michel J title: Emergence of evidence during disease outbreaks: lessons learnt from the Zika virus outbreak date: 2020-03-18 words: 3046.0 sentences: 198.0 pages: flesch: 56.0 cache: ./cache/cord-102796-rr8qet8c.txt txt: ./txt/cord-102796-rr8qet8c.txt summary: We are continuously facing new disease outbreaks, including the new coronavirus (SARS-nCoV-2) in December 2019.The objective of this study was to describe the accumulation of evidence during the 2013-2016 Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak in the Pacific and the Americas related to aetiological causal questions about congenital abnormalities and Guillain-Barre syndrome. In the 2013-2016 ZIKV outbreak, case reports, case series and basic research studies were published first. A strength of this study is the pre-specified hypothesis about the time to publication of aetiological 139 research and the use of data from systematic reviews that had screened and selected studies that 140 addressed the causal relationship between ZIKV infection and its adverse outcomes. The accumulation of evidence over time in new causal problems seems to follow a hierarchy where 225 case reports and case series were rapidly followed by basic research. Syndrome outbreak associated with Zika virus infection in French Polynesia: A case-control study abstract: Introduction: Outbreaks of infectious diseases trigger an increase in scientific research and output. Early in outbreaks, evidence is scarce, but it accumulates rapidly. We are continuously facing new disease outbreaks, including the new coronavirus (SARS-nCoV-2) in December 2019.The objective of this study was to describe the accumulation of evidence during the 2013-2016 Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreak in the Pacific and the Americas related to aetiological causal questions about congenital abnormalities and Guillain-Barre syndrome. Methods: We hypothesised that the temporal sequence would follow a pre-specified order, according to study design. We assessed 1) how long it takes before findings from a specific study design appear, 2) how publication of preprints could reduce the time to publication and 3) how time to publication evolves over time. Results: We included 346 publications published between March 6, 2014 and January 1, 2019. In the 2013-2016 ZIKV outbreak, case reports, case series and basic research studies were published first. Case-control and cohort studies appeared between 400-700 days after ZIKV was first detected in the region of the study origin. Delay due to the publication process were lowest at the beginning of the outbreak. Only 4.6% of the publications was available as preprints. Discussion: The accumulation of evidence over time in new causal problems generally followed a hierarchy. Preprints reduced the delay to initial publication. Our methods can be applied to new emerging infectious diseases. url: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.03.16.20036806 doi: 10.1101/2020.03.16.20036806 id: cord-308964-y18nru1d author: Couper, Keith title: COVID-19 in cardiac arrest and infection risk to rescuers: a systematic review date: 2020-04-20 words: 3365.0 sentences: 234.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-308964-y18nru1d.txt txt: ./txt/cord-308964-y18nru1d.txt summary: The aim of this review was to identify the potential risk of transmission 33 associated with key interventions (chest compressions, defibrillation, cardiopulmonary 34 resuscitation) to inform international treatment recommendations. The aim of this review was to identify the potential risk of transmission 33 associated with key interventions (chest compressions, defibrillation, cardiopulmonary 34 resuscitation) to inform international treatment recommendations. Methods: We undertook a systematic review comprising three questions: 1) aerosol 37 generation associated with key interventions; 2) risk of airborne infection transmission 38 associated with key interventions; and 3) the effect of different personal protective 39 equipment strategies. Methods: We undertook a systematic review comprising three questions: 1) aerosol 37 generation associated with key interventions; 2) risk of airborne infection transmission 38 associated with key interventions; and 3) the effect of different personal protective 39 equipment strategies. Our first two research questions examined the association between key resuscitation 99 interventions (chest compressions, defibrillation, CPR) and aerosol generation and airborne 100 transmission of infection. abstract: Abstract Background There may be a risk of COVID-19 transmission to rescuers delivering treatment for cardiac arrest. The aim of this review was to identify the potential risk of transmission associated with key interventions (chest compressions, defibrillation, cardiopulmonary resuscitation) to inform international treatment recommendations. Methods We undertook a systematic review comprising three questions: 1) aerosol generation associated with key interventions; 2) risk of airborne infection transmission associated with key interventions; and 3) the effect of different personal protective equipment strategies. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and the World Health Organisation COVID-19 database on 24th March 2020. Eligibility criteria were developed individually for each question. We assessed risk of bias for individual studies, and used the GRADE process to assess evidence certainty by outcome. Results We included eleven studies: two cohort studies, one case control study, five case reports, and three manikin randomised controlled trials. We did not find any direct evidence that chest compressions or defibrillation either are or are not associated with aerosol generation or transmission of infection. Data from manikin studies indicates that donning of personal protective equipment delays treatment delivery. Studies provided only indirect evidence, with no study describing patients with COVID-19. Evidence certainty was low or very low for all outcomes. Conclusion It is uncertain whether chest compressions or defibrillation cause aerosol generation or transmission of COVID-19 to rescuers. There is very limited evidence and a rapid need for further studies. Review registration: PROSPERO CRD42020175594 url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resuscitation.2020.04.022 doi: 10.1016/j.resuscitation.2020.04.022 id: cord-321697-yua3apfi author: Crigna, Adriana Torres title: Cell-free nucleic acid patterns in disease prediction and monitoring—hype or hope? date: 2020-10-29 words: 10892.0 sentences: 608.0 pages: flesch: 40.0 cache: ./cache/cord-321697-yua3apfi.txt txt: ./txt/cord-321697-yua3apfi.txt summary: This article highlights the involvement of circulating CFNAs in local and systemic processes dealing with the question, whether specific patterns of CFNAs in blood, their detection, quantity and quality (such as their methylation status) might be instrumental to predict a disease development/progression and could be further utilised for accompanying diagnostics, targeted prevention, creation of individualised therapy algorithms, therapy monitoring and prognosis. Especially severe, prolonged and/ or chronic stress of any origin such as exercise-induced oxidative stress [22] (see "Physical activity and exercise-induced oxidative stress" section), hormonal stress [23] , emotional stress and psychological burden [24] [25] [26] [27] as well as metabolic stress, e.g. in diabetes mellitus [28, 29] (see also below "Association between diabetes mellitus and carcinogenesis: diagnostic and therapeutic potential of cell-free nucleic acids" section) and hyperhomocysteinaemia [30, 31] amongst others, is associated with highly increased ROS production and insufficient repair capacity-both linked to oxidative damage of mitochondria and consequent mitochondrial dysfunction leading to the development of cardiovascular impairments [32] [33] [34] , neuro/degenerative pathologies [34] [35] [36] [37] , impaired healing [34] and malignant cell transformation [34, [38] [39] [40] [41] [42] . abstract: Interest in the use of cell-free nucleic acids (CFNAs) as clinical non-invasive biomarker panels for prediction and prevention of multiple diseases has greatly increased over the last decade. Indeed, circulating CFNAs are attributable to many physiological and pathological processes such as imbalanced stress conditions, physical activities, extensive apoptosis of different origin, systemic hypoxic-ischemic events and tumour progression, amongst others. This article highlights the involvement of circulating CFNAs in local and systemic processes dealing with the question, whether specific patterns of CFNAs in blood, their detection, quantity and quality (such as their methylation status) might be instrumental to predict a disease development/progression and could be further utilised for accompanying diagnostics, targeted prevention, creation of individualised therapy algorithms, therapy monitoring and prognosis. Presented considerations conform with principles of 3P medicine and serve for improving individual outcomes and cost efficacy of medical services provided to the population. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13167-020-00226-x doi: 10.1007/s13167-020-00226-x id: cord-329313-tlbjw5kn author: Crilly, Philip title: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials of Telehealth and Digital Technology Use by Community Pharmacists to Improve Public Health date: 2020-08-04 words: 6506.0 sentences: 364.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-329313-tlbjw5kn.txt txt: ./txt/cord-329313-tlbjw5kn.txt summary: For this systematic review, we included the following studies that were: (1) randomized controlled trials (RCTs); (2) full articles published in peer-reviewed journals; (3) included a telehealth or digital technology element used for either interaction between a community pharmacist and customer/patient, such as telephone, email, online discussion boards, social media, smartphone mobile application, or for patient use alone as part of a community pharmacy intervention; and (4) reported public health interventions and outcomes. Further to the initial screening, abstracts and full articles were reviewed and removed if the primary objectives of the paper did not investigate the use of telehealth and digital technologies by community pharmacists for public health purposes and were not run as RCTs. A template was created in Excel, which both authors used to extract data including intervention variables (location of intervention and recruitment criteria, topic of delivered public health intervention, type of telecommunication or digital communication technology used, and duration of the intervention), participant variables (mean age, gender, and ethnicity), outcomes variables (e.g., quit smoking rates, reduction in weight, reduction in alcohol consumption, and treatment of a sexual transmitted disease). abstract: Community pharmacists (CPs) continue to have an important role in improving public health, however, advances in telehealth and digital technology mean that the methods by which they support their customers and patients are changing. The primary aim of this study was to identify which telehealth and digital technology tools are used by CPs for public health purposes and determine if these have a positive impact on public health outcomes. A systematic review was carried out using databases including PubMed and ScienceDirect, covering a time period from April 2005 until April 2020. The search criteria were the following: randomized controlled trials, published in English, investigating the delivery of public health services by community pharmacists using a telehealth or digital tool. Thirteen studies were included out of 719 initially identified. Nine studies detailed the use of telephone prompts or calls, one study detailed the use of a mobile health application, two studies detailed the use of a remote monitoring device, and one study detailed the use of photo-aging software. Public health topics that were addressed included vaccination uptake (n = 2), smoking cessation (n = 1), hypertension management (n = 2), and medication adherence and counseling (n = 8). More studies are needed to demonstrate whether or not the use of novel technology by CPs can improve public health. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32759850/ doi: 10.3390/pharmacy8030137 id: cord-314449-ukqux772 author: Curtis, L.T. title: Prevention of hospital-acquired infections: review of non-pharmacological interventions date: 2008-06-02 words: 8994.0 sentences: 522.0 pages: flesch: 40.0 cache: ./cache/cord-314449-ukqux772.txt txt: ./txt/cord-314449-ukqux772.txt summary: Interventions such as proper hand and surface cleaning, better nutrition, sufficient numbers of nurses, better ventilator management, use of coated urinary and central venous catheters and use of high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters have all been associated with significantly lower nosocomial infection rates. This review is not exhaustive and will not attempt mathematical data analysis but will examine recent research that examines non-pharmacological interventions for reducing HAIs. It will also include a brief description of the morbidity, mortality and medical costs associated with nosocomial infections, along with a brief discussion of the routes by which HAIs spread. Many terms were used in the literature searches including nosocomial, hospital acquired, MRSA (meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus), staphyloccoccus, streptococcus, VRE (vancomycinresistant enterococcus), Clostridium difficile, legionella, klebsiella, tuberculosis, airborne infection, waterborne infection, hand washing, hospital cleaning, urinary catheters, central catheters, haemodialysis, ultraviolet light, HEPA (high-efficiency particulate air) filtration and many others. abstract: Hospital-acquired (nosocomial) infections (HAIs) increase morbidity, mortality and medical costs. In the USA alone, nosocomial infections cause about 1.7 million infections and 99 000 deaths per year. HAIs are spread by numerous routes including surfaces (especially hands), air, water, intravenous routes, oral routes and through surgery. Interventions such as proper hand and surface cleaning, better nutrition, sufficient numbers of nurses, better ventilator management, use of coated urinary and central venous catheters and use of high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filters have all been associated with significantly lower nosocomial infection rates. Multiple infection control techniques and strategies simultaneously (‘bundling’) may offer the best opportunity to reduce the morbidity and mortality toll of HAIs. Most of these infection control strategies will more than pay for themselves by saving the medical costs associated with nosocomial infections. Many non-pharmacological interventions to prevent many HAIs will also reduce the need for long or multiple-drug antibiotic courses for patients. Lower antibiotic drug usage will reduce risk of antibiotic-resistant organisms and should improve efficacy of antibiotics given to patients who do acquire infections. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0195670108001503 doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2008.03.018 id: cord-004167-r2s0gks8 author: Cutts, Julia C. title: Pregnancy-specific malarial immunity and risk of malaria in pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes: a systematic review date: 2020-01-16 words: 8593.0 sentences: 422.0 pages: flesch: 38.0 cache: ./cache/cord-004167-r2s0gks8.txt txt: ./txt/cord-004167-r2s0gks8.txt summary: Antibody responses to pregnancy-specific pRBC and VAR2CSA antigens, measured at delivery, were associated with placental malaria (9 studies) and may therefore represent markers of infection, rather than correlates of protection. To summarize, evidence from studies included in narrative terms suggests that whilst high avidity Abs and anti-adhesion Abs measured at delivery may be associated with protection from placental infection [65] and reduced placental parasitaemia [38] , respectively, total IgG responses to VAR2CSA antigens and pregnancy-specific pRBC are positively associated with the presence of placental malaria [34, 39, 64, [68] [69] [70] [71] [72] 76] . Overall, the majority of estimates included in this review, and studies included in narrative terms, indicate that when measured at delivery, antibody responses to pregnancy-specific pRBC and VAR2CSA antigens are associated with the presence of placental infection and may therefore represent markers of infection, rather than correlates of protection. abstract: BACKGROUND: In endemic areas, pregnant women are highly susceptible to Plasmodium falciparum malaria characterized by the accumulation of parasitized red blood cells (pRBC) in the placenta. In subsequent pregnancies, women develop protective immunity to pregnancy-associated malaria and this has been hypothesized to be due to the acquisition of antibodies to the parasite variant surface antigen VAR2CSA. In this systematic review we provide the first synthesis of the association between antibodies to pregnancy-specific P. falciparum antigens and pregnancy and birth outcomes. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of population-based studies (published up to 07 June 2019) of pregnant women living in P. falciparum endemic areas that examined antibody responses to pregnancy-specific P. falciparum antigens and outcomes including placental malaria, low birthweight, preterm birth, peripheral parasitaemia, maternal anaemia, and severe malaria. RESULTS: We searched 6 databases and identified 33 studies (30 from Africa) that met predetermined inclusion and quality criteria: 16 studies contributed estimates in a format enabling inclusion in meta-analysis and 17 were included in narrative form only. Estimates were mostly from cross-sectional data (10 studies) and were heterogeneous in terms of magnitude and direction of effect. Included studies varied in terms of antigens tested, methodology used to measure antibody responses, and epidemiological setting. Antibody responses to pregnancy-specific pRBC and VAR2CSA antigens, measured at delivery, were associated with placental malaria (9 studies) and may therefore represent markers of infection, rather than correlates of protection. Antibody responses to pregnancy-specific pRBC, but not recombinant VAR2CSA antigens, were associated with trends towards protection from low birthweight (5 studies). CONCLUSIONS: Whilst antibody responses to several antigens were positively associated with the presence of placental and peripheral infections, this review did not identify evidence that any specific antibody response is associated with protection from pregnancy-associated malaria across multiple populations. Further prospective cohort studies using standardized laboratory methods to examine responses to a broad range of antigens in different epidemiological settings and throughout the gestational period, will be necessary to identify and prioritize pregnancy-specific P. falciparum antigens to advance the development of vaccines and serosurveillance tools targeting pregnant women. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6964062/ doi: 10.1186/s12916-019-1467-6 id: cord-026392-cvb44v5v author: Dahlberg, Jørgen title: Barriers and challenges in the process of including critically ill patients in clinical studies date: 2020-06-08 words: 4780.0 sentences: 256.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-026392-cvb44v5v.txt txt: ./txt/cord-026392-cvb44v5v.txt summary: RESULTS: Among 279 eligible critically ill patients, 204 (73%) were omitted from the study due to challenges and barriers in the inclusion process. Previous studies have identified obstacles when performing research in critically ill patients at intensive care units (ICU) related to challenges in the recruitment process [1] [2] [3] [4] . The legislation and clinical practice vary across the world, and a prior PubMed search did not disclose any resent Scandinavian research covering the overall barriers and challenges in the process of including critically ill patients in clinical studies. The purpose of this study was to identify practical, medical, legal or ethical barriers and challenges in the process of including critically ill patients in the Norwegian Intensive Care Unit Dalteparin Effect (NORIDES) study. The study revealed that most critically ill patients at ICU were unable to provide written, informed consent for study participation. abstract: BACKGROUND: Clinical research in severely ill or injured patients is required to improve healthcare but may be challenging to perform in practice. The aim of this study was to analyse barriers and challenges in the process of including critically ill patients in clinical studies. METHODS: Data from critically ill patients considered for inclusion in an observational study of venous thromboembolism in Norway were analysed. This included quantitative and qualitative information from the screening log, consent forms and research notes. RESULTS: Among 279 eligible critically ill patients, 204 (73%) were omitted from the study due to challenges and barriers in the inclusion process. Reasons for omission were categorised as practical in 133 (65%), medical in 31 (15%), and legal or ethical in 40 (20%) of the patients. Among 70 included patients, 29 (41%) consents were from patients and 41 (59%) from their next of kin. Several challenges were described herein; these included whether patients were competent to give consent, and which next of kin that should represent the patient. Furthermore, some included patients were unable to recall what they have consented, and some appeared unable to separate research from treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Barriers and challenges in the inclusion process led to the omission of near three out of four eligible patients. This analysis provided information about where the problem resides and may be solved. The majority of challenges among included patients were related to issues of autonomy and validity of consent. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03405766). url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7276963/ doi: 10.1186/s13049-020-00732-x id: cord-328720-o9h1vquo author: Davis, Cristina E. title: Breath analysis for respiratory infections date: 2020-09-18 words: 5832.0 sentences: 277.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-328720-o9h1vquo.txt txt: ./txt/cord-328720-o9h1vquo.txt summary: Indeed, recruiting those with the same symptoms in the control groups, including noninfectious disease subjects, such as sarcoidosis patients in the case of breath sampling for tuberculosis, is an increasingly essential parameter in a study design. Breath studies to diagnose bacterial infections caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) are more likely to succeed than any other approach due to the extensive groundwork done by the Belgian-Tanzanian group APOPO (Anti-Persoonsmijnen Ontmijnende Product Ontwikkeling) who have evaluated the volatiles from tens of thousands of sputum samples using trained giant Gambian rats. Beccaria and colleagues conducted two studies evaluating the use of human breath collected and stored on thermal desorption tubes and analyzed by comprehensive gas chromatographyetime-of-flight mass spectrometry (GCÂGC-TOFMS) to diagnose active TB in subjects with confirmed Mtb infection. In this particular case, however, cells inoculated with just RSV did not yield a sufficient change to the volatile profile for accurate diagnoses, providing evidence that each respiratory viral infection may have to be independently evaluated for its ability to be detected directly in breath samples. abstract: One of the most logical applications of modern breath analysis techniques is to provide information on respiratory infections. Ongoing work in various types of pulmonary infections has begun to denote candidate breath biomarkers of bacterial, viral, and fungal lung infections. Groundbreaking studies have been performed in naturally occurring cases with humans and with animal models of the disease. This has been coupled with cell culture work to understand the nature of the origins of breath biomarkers generated from the pathogen itself as it proliferates. Much work remains to be done, and the published studies described in this chapter are helping to set a foundation for this research area. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128199671000219 doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-819967-1.00021-9 id: cord-313616-81u4nidw author: Davis, G. S. title: Spatial and temporal analyses to investigate infectious disease transmission within healthcare settings date: 2014-04-30 words: 7436.0 sentences: 357.0 pages: flesch: 31.0 cache: ./cache/cord-313616-81u4nidw.txt txt: ./txt/cord-313616-81u4nidw.txt summary: The use of similar techniques to create hospital maps, on which infection data can be displayed and analysed, could increase understanding of local transmission and risk, 11 and provide rapid dissemination of information through visualization. A systematic review of the literature on spatiotemporal examination of infectious diseases in healthcare settings between January 1961 and June 2013 was conducted using the following search terms: infection (e.g. HCAI, nosocomial, etc.); healthcare settings (e.g. hospital, intensive care, etc.); and time/space (e.g. spaceetime, spatial epidemiology, etc.). Many of these studies examined outbreaks 15e22 and evaluations of intervention strategies, 23e25 while others attempted to identify factors associated with potential nosocomial transmission (i.e. healthcare worker carriage, 26, 27 direct contact with cases, 28, 29 inadequate cleaning of medical equipment 30, 31 and the physical layout of hospital utilities 32, 33 ). An outbreak of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infection in a neonatal intensive care unit: investigation and control abstract: Summary Background Healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) cause significant morbidity and mortality worldwide, and outbreaks are often only identified after they reach high levels. A wide range of data is collected within healthcare settings; however, the extent to which this information is used to understand HCAI dynamics has not been quantified. Aim To examine the use of spatiotemporal analyses to identify and prevent HCAI transmission in healthcare settings, and to provide recommendations for expanding the use of these techniques. Methods A systematic review of the literature was undertaken, focusing on spatiotemporal examination of infectious diseases in healthcare settings. Abstracts and full-text articles were reviewed independently by two authors to determine inclusion. Findings In total, 146 studies met the inclusion criteria. There was considerable variation in the use of data, with surprisingly few studies (N = 22) using spatiotemporal-specific analyses to extend knowledge of HCAI transmission dynamics. The remaining 124 studies were descriptive. A modest increase in the application of statistical analyses has occurred in recent years. Conclusion The incorporation of spatiotemporal analysis has been limited in healthcare settings, with only 15% of studies including any such analysis. Analytical studies provided greater data on transmission dynamics and effective control interventions than studies without spatiotemporal analyses. This indicates the need for greater integration of spatiotemporal techniques into HCAI investigations, as even simple analyses provide significant improvements in the understanding of prevention over simple descriptive summaries. url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhin.2014.01.010 doi: 10.1016/j.jhin.2014.01.010 id: cord-005600-gsbbjb5y author: De Jonghe, B. title: Acquired neuromuscular disorders in critically ill patients: a systematic review date: 1998 words: 3830.0 sentences: 206.0 pages: flesch: 35.0 cache: ./cache/cord-005600-gsbbjb5y.txt txt: ./txt/cord-005600-gsbbjb5y.txt summary: Two studies showed a clinically important increase (5 and 9 days, respectively) in duration of mechanical ventilation and a mortality twice as high in patients with critical illness neuromuscular abnormalities, compared to those without. Two studies showed a clinically important increase (5 and 9 days, respectively) in duration of mechanical ventilation and a mortality twice as high in patients with critical illness neuromuscular abnormalities, compared to those without. Conclusions: Prospective studies of ICU-acquired neuromuscular abnormalities include a small number of patients with various electrophysiologic findings but insufficiently reported clinical correlations. Conclusions: Prospective studies of ICU-acquired neuromuscular abnormalities include a small number of patients with various electrophysiologic findings but insufficiently reported clinical correlations. C.) independently: studies had to enroll critically ill adult patients presenting acquired peripheral nervous system and/or muscular and/or neuromuscular transmission abnormalities, described clinically and/or electrphysiologically and/or histologically, involving limbs and/or respiratory muscle, in prospective cohort studies. abstract: Objective: To summarize the prospective clinical studies of neuromuscular abnormalities in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Study identification and selection: Studies were identified through MEDLINE, EMBASE, references in primary and review articles, personal files, and contact with authors. Through duplicate independent review, we selected prospective cohort studies evaluating ICU-acquired neuromuscular disorders. Data abstraction: In duplicate, independently, we abstracted key data regarding design features, the population, clinical and laboratory diagnostic tests, and clinical outcomes. Results: We identified eight studies that enrolled 242 patients. Inception cohorts varied; some were mechanically ventilated patients for ≥ 5 days, others were based on a diagnosis of sepsis, organ failure, or severe asthma while others were selected on the basis of exposure to muscle relaxants, or because of participation in muscle biochemistry studies. Weakness was systematically assessed in two of the eight studies, concerning patients with severe asthma, with a reported frequency of 36 and 70 %, respectively. Electrophysiologic and histologic abnormalities consisted of both peripheral nerve and muscle involvement and were frequently reported, even in non-selected ICU patients. In a population of patients mechanically ventilated for more than 5 days, electrophysiologic abnormalities were reported in 76 % of cases. Two studies showed a clinically important increase (5 and 9 days, respectively) in duration of mechanical ventilation and a mortality twice as high in patients with critical illness neuromuscular abnormalities, compared to those without. Conclusions: Prospective studies of ICU-acquired neuromuscular abnormalities include a small number of patients with various electrophysiologic findings but insufficiently reported clinical correlations. Evaluation of risk factors for these disorders and studies examining their contribution to weaning difficulties and long-term disability are needed. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7094970/ doi: 10.1007/s001340050757 id: cord-329723-74bhv8cr author: Debes, Jose D. title: COVID-19 and the liver: the perils of non-peer reviewed science in times of a pandemic date: 2020-04-10 words: 322.0 sentences: 22.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-329723-74bhv8cr.txt txt: ./txt/cord-329723-74bhv8cr.txt summary: title: COVID-19 and the liver: the perils of non-peer reviewed science in times of a pandemic receptor referencing a manuscript that involves single cell RNA sequencing performed on liver cells. A number of opinions and original contributions, all in highly respected journals, have made reference to that single study in order to scientifically support this hypothesis 1, 3-5 . This is concerning, as it suggests a willingness of authors to bypass stringently reviewed data in their rush to share scientific knowledge. However, when such studies involve data related to single cell RNA sequencing, particularly in hepatocytes which has been shown to be particularly difficult to isolate and sequence, the reader is blind to the details of the study and directly susceptible to the conclusions of the authors. Liver injury during highly pathogenic human coronavirus infections Liver injury in COVID-19: management and challenges Clinical Characteristics of Imported Cases of COVID-19 in Jiangsu Province: A Multicenter Descriptive Study abstract: nan url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016508520304704?v=s5 doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.04.007 id: cord-010018-gl8uuqej author: Del Borrello, Giovanni title: New insights into pediatric community‐acquired pneumonia gained from untargeted metabolomics: A preliminary study date: 2019-12-10 words: 2357.0 sentences: 132.0 pages: flesch: 35.0 cache: ./cache/cord-010018-gl8uuqej.txt txt: ./txt/cord-010018-gl8uuqej.txt summary: 3, 4 Although epidemiological research has repeatedly pointed out that the large majority of lower respiratory infection in pediatric patients are caused by viruses, 2 physicians often lack the tools to reliably discriminate between bacterial and viral etiology [5] [6] [7] and a large percentage of children presenting with respiratory symptoms and fever are ultimately administered antibiotics. To increase the specificity of our findings and reduce the role of confounding variables, three exclusion criteria were strictly applied, concerning: infants (ie, children under 1 year of age), to avoid any diagnostic overlap between pneumonia and bronchiolitis; children with a previous diagnosis of chronic disease (HIV, asthma, immunodeficiency, CHD), to reduce the pathophysiological heterogeneity between CAP cases; and children given any oral or injected antibiotic therapy in the 48 hours preceding enrollment, to avoid cases of partially treated pneumonia, as the related pathophysiological profile differs from that of a lung infection devoid of any treatment. abstract: BACKGROUND: Available diagnostics often fail to distinguish viral from bacterial causes of pediatric community‐acquired pneumonia (pCAP). Metabolomics, which aims at characterizing diseases based on their metabolic signatures, has been applied to expand pathophysiological understanding of many diseases. In this exploratory study, we used the untargeted metabolomic analysis to shed new light on the etiology of pCAP. METHODS: Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry was used to quantify the metabolite content of urine samples collected from children hospitalized for CAP of pneumococcal or viral etiology, ascertained using a conservative algorithm combining microbiological and biochemical data. RESULTS: Fifty‐nine children with CAP were enrolled over 16 months. Pneumococcal and viral cases were distinguished by means of a multivariate model based on 93 metabolites, 20 of which were identified and considered as putative biomarkers. Among these, six metabolites belonged to the adrenal steroid synthesis and degradation pathway. CONCLUSIONS: This preliminary study suggests that viral and pneumococcal pneumonia differently affect the systemic metabolome, with a stronger disruption of the adrenal steroid pathway in pneumococcal pneumonia. This finding may lead to the discovery of novel diagnostic biomarkers and bring us closer to personalized therapy for pCAP. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7168041/ doi: 10.1002/ppul.24602 id: cord-287957-diyz54qy author: Deriba, Berhanu Senbeta title: Patient Satisfaction and Associated Factors During COVID-19 Pandemic in North Shoa Health Care Facilities date: 2020-10-13 words: 4256.0 sentences: 226.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-287957-diyz54qy.txt txt: ./txt/cord-287957-diyz54qy.txt summary: title: Patient Satisfaction and Associated Factors During COVID-19 Pandemic in North Shoa Health Care Facilities Therefore, this study aimed to assess patient satisfaction and associated factors among chronic patients who had a follow-up in North Shoa healthcare facilities. Therefore, this study aimed to assess patient satisfaction and associated factors during the COVID-19 pandemic among chronic patients who had follow-up at public health facilities in the North Shoa Zone, Oromia region, Ethiopia. Patients who maintained and observed better social distancing at the registration place, waiting for the outpatient department, laboratory, and pharmacy services as a means of the COVID-19 prevention in the healthcare facilities were significantly associated with patient satisfaction. Availability of sign and direction indicators, availability of ordering drugs, social distancing status in the healthcare facility, availability of alcohol, and sanitizer for hand cleaning at the healthcare facility entrance to prevent and control COVID-19 were factors associated with the satisfaction of patients with chronic diseases. abstract: BACKGROUND: Patient satisfaction is an indicator of healthcare quality service and involved as an outcome measure. Quality of healthcare service and patient satisfaction has been affected by the current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. It induced uncertainness and shortage of medical supplies due to a limited global movement. Therefore, this study aimed to assess patient satisfaction and associated factors among chronic patients who had a follow-up in North Shoa healthcare facilities. METHODS: An institutional-based cross-sectional study was used to select 410 study participants through a systematic random sampling technique. Data were collected by a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire, entered into Epi Info version 7, and transported to SPSS version 23 for analysis. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regressions were used to identify the factors associated with satisfaction. The odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval was computed, and p-value <0.05 was considered statistical significance in the multivariable model. RESULTS: The overall level of patient satisfaction was 44.6%. The presence of sign and direction indicators (AOR=3.26, 95% CI=1.1, 9.92), obtaining some ordered drugs (AOR=3.7, 95% CI=1.1, 12.54), getting alcohol for hand cleaning (AOR=2.66, 95% CI=1.1,6.65), obtaining sanitizer for hand cleaning (AOR=4.45, 95% CI=1.72,11.52), and maintaining social distancing (AOR=2.63, 95% CI=1.21, 5.70) were factors associated with patient’s satisfaction. CONCLUSION: The level of patient satisfaction was very low during a COVID-19 pandemic. The presence of sign and direction indicators, availability of drugs, social distancing, availability of alcohol, and sanitizer were factors associated with patient satisfaction. The intervention targeted at increasing patient satisfaction and improving the quality of service during COVID-19 through maintaining social distancing and availing alcohol or sanitizers is necessary. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33116436/ doi: 10.2147/ppa.s276254 id: cord-023713-daz2vokz author: Devereux, Graham title: Epidemiology of Asthma and Allergic Airway Diseases date: 2013-09-06 words: 27880.0 sentences: 1480.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023713-daz2vokz.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023713-daz2vokz.txt summary: A systematic review and metaanalysis of the longitudinal studies relating maternal vitamin D status during pregnancy to childhood outcomes concluded that high maternal dietary vitamin D intake is associated with a reduced risk of children wheezing up to the age of 5 years (OR = 0.56; 95% CI, 0.42 to 0.73). The Dutch Prevention and Incidence of Asthma and Mite allergy (PIAMA) birth cohort study related symptom data prospectively collected annually from 3863 children up to the age of 8 years to land-use regression estimates of individual NO 2 , PM 2.5 , and soot exposures at their birth addresses. 327 A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective birth cohort studies evaluating the effects of allergen (i.e., HDM or dietary) avoidance during pregnancy concluded that early-life allergen avoidance in isolation does not reduce the likelihood of asthma in children at age 5 years (OR = 1.22; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.78). abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7173512/ doi: 10.1016/b978-0-323-08593-9.00049-8 id: cord-272901-dsnbh4t1 author: Dew, Jeffrey title: Ten Years of Marriage and Cohabitation Research in the Journal of Family and Economic Issues date: 2020-10-22 words: 6919.0 sentences: 409.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-272901-dsnbh4t1.txt txt: ./txt/cord-272901-dsnbh4t1.txt summary: Thus, although no one aspect, theme, or methodology links the 36 studies I reviewed, many of them examined issues related to family structure and/or economic changes that have occurred over the past sixty years in the US and other nations. For the purposes of this review, I categorized a study as examining an underrepresented group if the sample was largely composed of individuals from race/ethnic minority groups, interracial couples, sexual minorities, low-income families, or from countries outside the United States. Many of the studies of the association between financial issues and relationship quality over the past three years have focused on the family stress model of economic pressure and marital distress (Conger et al. 1990 ), or simply "family stress model." Since its inception in 1990, many scholars have used this model to research the association between negative financial events, feelings of economic pressure, and marital quality. abstract: I reviewed the 36 marriage and cohabitation studies from the Journal of Family and Economic Issues articles published between 2010–2019. Nearly all of the studies used quantitative methods, and two-thirds of them used publicly available nationally-representative data. The studies fell into roughly five, unevenly sized groups: family structure, relationship quality, division of labor/employment, money management, and an “other” category. Suggestions for future research include applying some of the important questions within the articles to underrepresented groups, further examining the process of how finances and relationship quality interrelate and doing more applied and translational research. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-020-09723-7 doi: 10.1007/s10834-020-09723-7 id: cord-334180-aqw9snt7 author: Doll, Julian title: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound for determining muscular perfusion after oral intake of L-citrulline, L-arginine, and galloylated epicatechines: A study protocol date: 2020-10-09 words: 4961.0 sentences: 287.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-334180-aqw9snt7.txt txt: ./txt/cord-334180-aqw9snt7.txt summary: Three commercial NO enhancing products including 300 mg of the specific green tea extract VASO6 and a combination of 8 g L-citrulline malate and 3 g L-arginine hydrochloride will be examined for their potential to increase muscular perfusion in 30-male athletes between 18 and 40 years and will be compared with a placebo. For this purpose, the following study will examine 3 different commonly used NO-boosting products via CEUS: 300 mg VASO6 8 g L-citrulline malate 3 g L-arginine hydrochloride After oral intake, changes of muscular microperfusion linked to resistance training will be quantified and the effects of supplementation will be compared with one another and with placebo in 30 healthy athletes. The objective of this placebo-controlled, randomized cross-over study is to assess the muscle perfusion increasing potential of 3 different commercial NO enhancing supplements in 30 healthy male athlete''s biceps muscle at rest and after exercising. abstract: INTRODUCTION: The market for dietary supplements in the sports sector has been growing rapidly for several years, though there is still lacking evidence regarding their claimed benefits. One group is that of nitric oxide increasing supplements, so-called “NO-boosters,” which are claimed to improve the supply of oxygen and nutrients to the muscle by enhancing vasodilation. The aim of this study was to investigate 3 of these supplements in healthy male athletes for their muscle perfusion-enhancing potential using contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). METHODS: This placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized cross-over trial will be carried out at the Center for Orthopedics, Trauma Surgery and Spinal Cord Injury of the University Hospital Heidelberg. Three commercial NO enhancing products including 300 mg of the specific green tea extract VASO6 and a combination of 8 g L-citrulline malate and 3 g L-arginine hydrochloride will be examined for their potential to increase muscular perfusion in 30-male athletes between 18 and 40 years and will be compared with a placebo. On each of the 3 appointments CEUS of the dominant biceps muscle will be performed at rest and after a standardized resistance training. Every athlete receives each of the 3 supplements once after a wash-out period of at least 1 week. Perfusion will be quantified via VueBox quantification software. The results of CEUS perfusion measurements will be compared intra- and interindividually and correlated with clinical parameters. DISCUSSION: The results of this study may help to establish CEUS as a suitable imaging modality for the evaluation of potentially vasodilatory drugs in the field of sports. Other supplements could also be evaluated in this way to verify the content of their advertising claims. TRIAL REGISTRATION: German Clinical Trials Register (DRKS), ID: DRKS00016972, registered on 25.03.2019. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33031270/ doi: 10.1097/md.0000000000022318 id: cord-352040-zmkjine7 author: Dominski, Fábio Hech title: Psychological variables of CrossFit participants: a systematic review date: 2020-08-29 words: 6618.0 sentences: 339.0 pages: flesch: 39.0 cache: ./cache/cord-352040-zmkjine7.txt txt: ./txt/cord-352040-zmkjine7.txt summary: We included studies that investigated the following topics related to the psychology of CrossFit participants for the analysis: attention, activation, cohesion, cooperation, cognition, concentration, coping, feedback, flow-feeling, leadership, motivation, satisfaction, self-determination, sense of community, decision making, mental health, perfectionism, personality, mental training, and visualisation (related to participation), abandonment, addiction, aggression, anxiety, burnout, dependence, dropout, mood, body image, perception of competence, self-confidence, self-efficacy, self-esteem, depression, emotions, stress, reaction time (related to psychological effects of participating). Exercise psychology themes such as motivation, adherence, self-esteem, attention, well-being, body awareness, exercise addiction, effort, mood, anxiety, social identity, athletic identity, sense of community, enjoyment, personality, perception of body competence, satisfaction with body image, and mental health were identified. Due to the lack of studies on dropouts of CrossFit [17] , we point out the urgency of studies specifically on the motivational characteristics that lead the participants to dropout versus continue; this may improve the understanding of physical exercise behaviours related to high-intensity functional training modalities. abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to review the existing literature concerning the psychological variables of CrossFit participants. METHODOLOGY: This review followed the PRISMA guidelines and was documented in the PROSPERO registry (CRD42018091177). Six electronic databases (SCOPUS, PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane) were searched from their inception through July 2020. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed. RESULTS: Thirty-four studies met the inclusion criteria. We observed an increase in satisfaction, clinical addiction, and enjoyment among participants related to exercise, social improvement, and high intrinsic motivation to participate for the purpose of enjoyment, challenge, and affiliation. Perceptions of effort were high among CrossFit participants. Some studies found that the reaction time was impaired after the CrossFit session, whereas others found no changes in mental health, self-esteem, and well-being after training. CONCLUSION: Adherence and maintenance of the practice of CrossFit are related to psychological variables such as motivation and satisfaction of basic psychological needs. CrossFit participants demonstrated high perception of effort, intrinsic motivation, and reasons for practice such as enjoyment, challenge, and affiliation. The quality assessment demonstrated the need for more detail in the methods section of future investigations. Additional high-quality studies are needed to investigate the effects of CrossFit training on the mental health of participants. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1007/s11332-020-00685-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11332-020-00685-9 doi: 10.1007/s11332-020-00685-9 id: cord-282280-5pggpbrq author: Doornekamp, Laura title: Determinants of Vaccination Uptake in Risk Populations: A Comprehensive Literature Review date: 2020-08-27 words: 9968.0 sentences: 515.0 pages: flesch: 36.0 cache: ./cache/cord-282280-5pggpbrq.txt txt: ./txt/cord-282280-5pggpbrq.txt summary: The following concepts are used: (1) predisposing factors, including baseline characteristics of studied populations; (2) information factors, including information retrieved via media, social contacts and HCW; (3) awareness, of the infectious agent being present or a vaccine being available; (4) knowledge (either examined or self-evaluated), about the consequences of the infection, or about the efficacy and duration of protection of vaccination; (5a) perceived risk of the infection, which is divided into perceived severity of the disease and perceived susceptibility to get infected; (5b) perceived risk of vaccination, including vaccine-specific considerations such as fear of side-effects and trust in the effectiveness of the vaccine; (6) attitude, defined as a person''s disposition to respond favourably or unfavourably to vaccinations [14] , often reflected by a person''s general believes about vaccinations; (7) social influence, which can be social norms imposed by family, friends or religion, but also recommendations from a healthcare professional or tour guide; (8) self-efficacy, defined as beliefs in one''s own capacity to perform certain behaviour [15] ; (9) intention to behaviour, expressed by people before they perform the behaviour; (10) barriers and facilitators, that withhold individuals from or enable them to certain behaviour, such as time, costs, or accessibility. abstract: Vaccination uptake has decreased globally in recent years, with a subsequent rise of vaccine-preventable diseases. Travellers, immunocompromised patients (ICP), and healthcare workers (HCW) are groups at increased risk for (severe) infectious diseases due to their behaviour, health, or occupation, respectively. While targeted vaccination guidelines are available, vaccination uptake seems low. In this review, we give a comprehensive overview of determinants—based on the integrated change model—predicting vaccination uptake in these groups. In travellers, low perceived risk of infection and low awareness of vaccination recommendations contributed to low uptake. Additionally, ICP were often unaware of the recommended vaccinations. A physician’s recommendation is strongly correlated with higher uptake. Furthermore, ICP appeared to be mainly concerned about the risks of vaccination and fear of deterioration of their underlying disease. For HCW, perceived risk of (the severity of) infection for themselves and for their patients together with perceived benefits of vaccination contribute most to their vaccination behaviour. As the determinants that affect uptake are numerous and diverse, we argue that future studies and interventions should be based on multifactorial health behaviour models, especially for travellers and ICP as only a limited number of such studies is available yet. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32867126/ doi: 10.3390/vaccines8030480 id: cord-032623-32m3qko4 author: Durkin, Louisa title: When mycologists describe new species, not all relevant information is provided (clearly enough) date: 2020-09-10 words: 7475.0 sentences: 391.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-032623-32m3qko4.txt txt: ./txt/cord-032623-32m3qko4.txt summary: To assess whether fungal species descriptions are attuned to both the wants and needs of a target audience beyond taxonomists and the sign of the times, we explored 10 years'' worth of fungal species descriptions of extant mycological taxa in five major mycological journals (plus one botany journal for reference) for a range of factors pertaining to inter-and intra-scientific terms and concepts, science-demographical aspects, and illustrations and visualisations (Tables 1, 2; Suppl. Dark green -proportion of studies mentioning the word "ecology" or its variations; brown -proportion of studies giving a complete account of the taxonomic affiliation of the new species (family, order, and phylum); purple -proportion of studies with a macroscopic colour photo/illustration of the new species; pink -proportion of studies with macroscopic photos, that also indicate the size of the depicted object through a scale bar or a fiducial marker; light green -proportion of studies with an identification key; yellow -proportion of openly available papers for each year as assessed in 2020 B demographical and publication trends showing the average number of coauthors (dark green), departments (brown), countries (purple), continents (pink), and number of data visualizations (light green) over time. abstract: Taxonomic mycology struggles with what seems to be a perpetual shortage of resources. Logically, fungal taxonomists should therefore leverage every opportunity to highlight and visualize the importance of taxonomic work, the usefulness of taxonomic data far beyond taxonomy, and the integrative and collaborative nature of modern taxonomy at large. Is mycology really doing that, though? In this study, we went through ten years’ worth (2009–2018) of species descriptions of extant fungal taxa – 1,097 studies describing at most ten new species – in five major mycological journals plus one plant journal. We estimated the frequency at which a range of key words, illustrations, and concepts related to ecology, geography, taxonomy, molecular data, and data availability were provided with the descriptions. We also considered a range of science-demographical aspects such as gender bias and the rejuvenation of taxonomy and taxonomists as well as public availability of the results. Our results show that the target audience of fungal species descriptions appears to be other fungal taxonomists, because many aspects of the new species were presented only implicitly, if at all. Although many of the parameters we estimated show a gradual, and in some cases marked, change for the better over time, they still paint a somewhat bleak picture of mycological taxonomy as a male-dominated field where the wants and needs of an extended target audience are often not understood or even considered. This study hopes to leave a mark on the way fungal species are described by putting the focus on ways in which fungal taxonomy can better anticipate the end users of species descriptions – be they mycologists, other researchers, the public at large, or even algorithms. In the end, fungal taxonomy, too, is likely to benefit from such measures. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7498475/ doi: 10.3897/mycokeys.72.56691 id: cord-022889-lv6fy6e6 author: Dávalos, Alberto title: Literature review of baseline information on non‐coding RNA (ncRNA) to support the risk assessment of ncRNA‐based genetically modified plants for food and feed date: 2019-08-07 words: 96011.0 sentences: 5041.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-022889-lv6fy6e6.txt txt: ./txt/cord-022889-lv6fy6e6.txt summary: This report suggests that some plant ncRNAs (e.g miRNAs and siRNAs) show higher stability as compared to other ncRNAs due to peculiar chemical characteristics (2''‐O‐methylation at 3'' end).However, ingested or administered ncRNA must overcome many extracellular and cellular barriers to reach the intended target tissue or functional location in sufficient amount to exert any biological effect. Finally, the publications reporting the outcome of two EFSA procurements aiming respectively at investigating and summarising the state of knowledge on the mode-of-action of dsRNA and miRNA pathways, the potential for non-target gene regulation by dsRNA-derived siRNAs or miRNAs, the determination of siRNA pools in plant tissues and the importance of individual siRNAs for silencing 6 ; and reviewing relevant scientific information on RNA interference that could serve as baseline information for the environmental risk assessment of RNAi-based GM plants ) 7 were also used. abstract: This report is the outcome of an EFSA procurement (NP/EFSA/GMO/2016/01) reviewing relevant scientific information on ncRNA and on RNA interference(RNAi) that could support the food and feed risk assessment of ncRNA‐based genetically modified (GM) plants. Information was retrieved through key words and key questions covering the stability and degradation of ncRNAs after oral ingestion, the passage of ncRNAs from food and feed to human and animal organs and tissues via the gastrointestinal tract and other barriers, as well as the potential effects on the gastrointestinal tract, the immune system or the entire organism.Full description of the strategy used for the literature search and for studies selectionis provided and the number of retrieved publications is reported. This report is divided into four partsdiscussing the kinetics of exogenous ncRNAs in humans and animals, with focus on ingested ncRNAs (Part 1); the possible effects of ncRNAs on the gastrointestinal tract (Part 2), systemically(Part 3)and on the immune system (Part 4). This report suggests that some plant ncRNAs (e.g miRNAs and siRNAs) show higher stability as compared to other ncRNAs due to peculiar chemical characteristics (2’‐O‐methylation at 3’ end).However, ingested or administered ncRNA must overcome many extracellular and cellular barriers to reach the intended target tissue or functional location in sufficient amount to exert any biological effect. Literature data indicate that chemically unmodified and unformulated ncRNAs exhibit very low stability in the gastrointestinal tract and in biological fluids and, in general, do not elicit major biological effects.This report also provides an overview of the RNA content in plant‐derived foods and diets and discusses the controversies on the presence of dietary exogenous RNAs in the biological fluids of humans and animals and their effects. Finally, gaps in the scientific literature are highlighted and recommendations provided url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7163523/ doi: 10.2903/sp.efsa.2019.en-1688 id: cord-324981-teywszlm author: Eccles, Ron title: Efficacy and safety of an antiviral Iota-Carrageenan nasal spray: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled exploratory study in volunteers with early symptoms of the common cold date: 2010-08-10 words: 5472.0 sentences: 295.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-324981-teywszlm.txt txt: ./txt/cord-324981-teywszlm.txt summary: title: Efficacy and safety of an antiviral Iota-Carrageenan nasal spray: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled exploratory study in volunteers with early symptoms of the common cold METHODS: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled exploratory trial, 35 human subjects suffering from early symptoms of common cold received Iota-Carrageenan (0.12%) in a saline solution three times daily for 4 days, compared to placebo. The presented exploratory study was designed to determine the magnitude of any effect of Iota-Carrageenan nasal spray on the severity of common cold symptoms relative to placebo treatment. The current study was designed as a single centre, randomised, double-blind, parallel group, placebo-controlled comparative survey in subjects with early symptoms of common cold to assess the efficacy of a 0.12% Iota-Carrageenan nasal spray in the early treatment of natural colds. The results of this study indicate that the Iota Carrageenan nasal spray is a safe and effective treatment when taken within 48 hours of development of common cold symptoms. abstract: BACKGROUND: The common cold, the most prevalent contagious viral disease in humans still lacks a safe and effective antiviral treatment. Iota-Carrageenan is broadly active against respiratory viruses in-vitro and has an excellent safety profile. This study investigated the efficacy and safety of an Iota-Carrageenan nasal spray in patients with common cold symptoms. METHODS: In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled exploratory trial, 35 human subjects suffering from early symptoms of common cold received Iota-Carrageenan (0.12%) in a saline solution three times daily for 4 days, compared to placebo. RESULTS: Administration of Iota-Carrageenan nasal spray reduced the symptoms of common cold (p = 0.046) and the viral load in nasal lavages (p = 0.009) in patients with early symptoms of common cold. Pro-inflammatory mediators FGF-2, Fractalkine, GRO, G-CSF, IL-8, IL-1α, IP-10, IL-10, and IFN-α2 were reduced in the Iota-Carrageenan group. CONCLUSIONS: Iota-Carrageenan nasal spray appears to be a promising treatment for safe and effective treatment of early symptoms of common cold. Larger trials are indicated to confirm the results. url: https://doi.org/10.1186/1465-9921-11-108 doi: 10.1186/1465-9921-11-108 id: cord-262345-hti1jjpn author: Eddy, Lucy H. title: The validity and reliability of observational assessment tools available to measure fundamental movement skills in school-age children: A systematic review date: 2020-08-25 words: 8728.0 sentences: 470.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-262345-hti1jjpn.txt txt: ./txt/cord-262345-hti1jjpn.txt summary: title: The validity and reliability of observational assessment tools available to measure fundamental movement skills in school-age children: A systematic review METHODS: A pre-search of ''fundamental movement skills'' OR ''fundamental motor skills'' in seven online databases (PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, EBSCO CINAHL, EBSCO SPORTDiscus, Ovid PsycINFO and Web of Science) identified 24 assessment tools for school-aged children that: (i) assess FMS; (ii) measure actual motor competence and (iii) evaluate performance on a standard battery of tasks. The psychometric properties of observational assessments of fundamental movement skills for school children correlations to evaluate the concurrent validity between the MOT 4-6 and the KTK, with results showing moderate correlations for children aged 5-6 (mean r = .63), as was hypothesised prior to testing (r >. abstract: BACKGROUND: Fundamental Movement Skills (FMS) play a critical role in ontogenesis. Many children have insufficient FMS, highlighting the need for universal screening in schools. There are many observational FMS assessment tools, but their psychometric properties are not readily accessible. A systematic review was therefore undertaken to compile evidence of the validity and reliability of observational FMS assessments, to evaluate their suitability for screening. METHODS: A pre-search of ‘fundamental movement skills’ OR ‘fundamental motor skills’ in seven online databases (PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, EBSCO CINAHL, EBSCO SPORTDiscus, Ovid PsycINFO and Web of Science) identified 24 assessment tools for school-aged children that: (i) assess FMS; (ii) measure actual motor competence and (iii) evaluate performance on a standard battery of tasks. Studies were subsequently identified that: (a) used these tools; (b) quantified validity or reliability and (c) sampled school-aged children. Study quality was assessed using COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) checklists. RESULTS: Ninety studies were included following the screening of 1863 articles. Twenty-one assessment tools had limited or no evidence to support their psychometric properties. The Test of Gross Motor Development (TGMD, n = 34) and the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC, n = 37) were the most researched tools. Studies consistently reported good evidence for validity, reliability for the TGMD, whilst only 64% of studies reported similarly promising results for the MABC. Twelve studies found good evidence for the reliability and validity of the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency but poor study quality appeared to inflate results. Considering all assessment tools, those with promising psychometric properties often measured limited aspects of validity/reliability, and/or had limited feasibility for large scale deployment in a school-setting. CONCLUSION: There is insufficient evidence to justify the use of any observational FMS assessment tools for universal screening in schools, in their current form. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32841268/ doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237919 id: cord-257244-gryp0khc author: Edwards, M. R. title: The potential of anti‐infectives and immunomodulators as therapies for asthma and asthma exacerbations date: 2017-08-10 words: 5746.0 sentences: 317.0 pages: flesch: 37.0 cache: ./cache/cord-257244-gryp0khc.txt txt: ./txt/cord-257244-gryp0khc.txt summary: Despite these important associations, the use of antiinfectives (antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, vaccines) that specifically target known pathogens, or drugs that are based on or exploit microbe-host receptor interactions (toll-like receptor agonists, bacterial lysates) or are immunomodulators (vitamin D), and/or may work in part by altering our associated microbiology (probiotics) are, with the exception of severe asthma, seldom considered in asthma treatment, prevention and guidelines. Overall, antibiotic use is associated with asthma risk rather than protection at most stages of human development, including pregnancy, 10, 11 early life 12 and childhood, 13 although why this is so is a subject widely debated. 10 In retrospective studies, the association between antibiotic use and increased risk of asthma or wheezing in children is further confused due to the potential of reverse causation. Inhibiting virus replication through interfering with viral enzymes active within cells poses additional problems in drug discovery; however, several useful inhibitors for respiratory tract viruses have found their way into phase I/II clinical trials. abstract: Asthma is responsible for approximately 25,000 deaths annually in Europe despite available medicines that maintain asthma control and reduce asthma exacerbations. Better treatments are urgently needed for the control of chronic asthma and reduction in asthma exacerbations, the major cause of asthma mortality. Much research spanning >20 years shows a strong association between microorganisms including pathogens in asthma onset, severity and exacerbation, yet with the exception of antibiotics, few treatments are available that specifically target the offending pathogens. Recent insights into the microbiome suggest that modulating commensal organisms within the gut or lung may also be a possible way to treat/prevent asthma. The European Academy of Allergy & Clinical Immunology Task Force on Anti‐infectives in Asthma was initiated to investigate the potential of anti‐infectives and immunomodulators in asthma. This review provides a concise summary of the current literature and aimed to identify and address key questions that concern the use of anti‐infectives and both microbe‐ and host‐based immunomodulators and their feasibility for use in asthma. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28722755/ doi: 10.1111/all.13257 id: cord-352364-yj31uwiu author: El Morr, Christo title: Effectiveness of ICT-based intimate partner violence interventions: a systematic review date: 2020-09-07 words: 7302.0 sentences: 335.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-352364-yj31uwiu.txt txt: ./txt/cord-352364-yj31uwiu.txt summary: We reviewed the available evidence on the use of ICT-based interventions to address intimate partner violence (IPV), evaluating the effectiveness, acceptability, and suitability of ICT for addressing different aspects of the problem (e.g., awareness, screening, prevention, treatment, mental health). Key search terms included women, violence, domestic violence, intimate partner violence, information, communication technology, ICT, technology, email, mobile, phone, digital, ehealth, web, computer, online, and computerized. RESULTS: Twenty-five studies addressing screening and disclosure, IPV prevention, ICT suitability, support and women''s mental health were identified. Recent systematic reviews showed that the efficacy of ICT-based mobile apps for health (mHealth) is still limited, as research in the field lacks long-term studies and existing evidences of impact are inconsistent [52] . Longitudinal impacts of an online safety and health intervention for women experiencing intimate partner violence: randomized controlled trial ICT-based interventions for women experiencing intimate partner violence: research needs in usability and mental health abstract: BACKGROUND: Intimate Partner Violence is a “global pandemic”. Meanwhile, information and communication technologies (ICT), such as the internet, mobile phones, and smartphones, are spreading worldwide, including in low- and middle-income countries. We reviewed the available evidence on the use of ICT-based interventions to address intimate partner violence (IPV), evaluating the effectiveness, acceptability, and suitability of ICT for addressing different aspects of the problem (e.g., awareness, screening, prevention, treatment, mental health). METHODS: We conducted a systematic review, following PRISMA guidelines, using the following databases: PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science. Key search terms included women, violence, domestic violence, intimate partner violence, information, communication technology, ICT, technology, email, mobile, phone, digital, ehealth, web, computer, online, and computerized. Only articles written in English were included. RESULTS: Twenty-five studies addressing screening and disclosure, IPV prevention, ICT suitability, support and women’s mental health were identified. The evidence reviewed suggests that ICT-based interventions were effective mainly in screening, disclosure, and prevention. However, there is a lack of homogeneity among the studies’ outcome measurements and the sample sizes, the control groups used (if any), the type of interventions, and the study recruitment space. Questions addressing safety, equity, and the unintended consequences of the use of ICT in IPV programming are virtually non-existent. CONCLUSIONS: There is a clear need to develop women-centered ICT design when programming for IPV. Our study showed only one study that formally addressed software usability. The need for more research to address safety, equity, and the unintended consequences of the use of ICT in IPV programming is paramount. Studies addressing long term effects are also needed. url: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09408-8 doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-09408-8 id: cord-349474-pprxwij6 author: Elshami, Wiam title: The radiology workforce’s response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the Middle East, North Africa and India date: 2020-09-23 words: 4717.0 sentences: 256.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-349474-pprxwij6.txt txt: ./txt/cord-349474-pprxwij6.txt summary: Introduction This study aimed to investigate the response of the radiology workforce to the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on professional practice in India and eight other Middle Eastern and North African countries. The survey collected information related to the following themes: (1) demographic characteristics, (2) the impact of COVID-19 on radiology practice, and (3) fear and (4) anxiety emanating from the global pandemic. The respondents reported experiences of work-related stress (42.9%), high COVID-19 fear score (83.3% ) and anxiety (10%) during the study period. The respondents reported experiences of work-related stress (42.9%), high COVID-19 fear score (83.3% ) and anxiety (10%) during the study period. Moreover, our ability to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on radiology practices and associated factors, such as fear and anxiety, among the RWF provided more insight into the psychological needs of medical workers to continue providing quality service. abstract: Introduction This study aimed to investigate the response of the radiology workforce to the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on professional practice in India and eight other Middle Eastern and North African countries. It further investigated the levels of fear and anxiety among this workforce during the pandemic. Methods A quantitative cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey from 22 May-2 June 2020 among radiology workers employed during the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey collected information related to the following themes: (1) demographic characteristics, (2) the impact of COVID-19 on radiology practice, and (3) fear and (4) anxiety emanating from the global pandemic. Results We received 903 responses. Fifty-eight percent had completed training on infection control required for handling COVID-19 patients. A large proportion (79.5%) of the respondents strongly agreed or agreed that personal protective equipment (PPE) was adequately available at work during the pandemic. The respondents reported experiences of work-related stress (42.9%), high COVID-19 fear score (83.3%) and anxiety (10%) during the study period. Conclusion There was a perceived workload increase in general x-ray and Computed Tomography imaging procedures because they were the key modalities for the initial and follow-up investigations of COVID-19. However, there was adequate availability of PPE during the study period. Most radiology workers were afraid of being infected with the virus. Fear was predominant among workers younger than 30 years of age and also in temporary staff. Anxiety occurred completely independent of gender, age, experience, country, place of work, and work status. Implications for practice It is important to provide training and regular mental health support and evaluations for healthcare professionals, including radiology workers, during similar future pandemics. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33032889/ doi: 10.1016/j.radi.2020.09.016 id: cord-287607-d3k26aar author: Emamaullee, Juliet title: Rapid Adaptation of a Surgical Research Unit to Conduct Clinical Trials during the Coronavirus-19 Pandemic. date: 2020-06-29 words: 3271.0 sentences: 143.0 pages: flesch: 34.0 cache: ./cache/cord-287607-d3k26aar.txt txt: ./txt/cord-287607-d3k26aar.txt summary: Ongoing ''Stay at Home'' orders and institutional policies mandating ''Work from Home'' for non-essential employees, which includes most research personnel, have impacted the ability to implement and conduct clinical studies. At the same time, plans were implemented to continue collection of data to achieve endpoints, safely enroll and follow participants in studies offering potential benefit, and quickly implement new COVID-19 clinical trials. These efforts were directed at the identification of the following areas that would require modification: minimization of direct patient care for routine study activities, logistics of research staff working from home, and study-specific protocol deviations, enrollment pauses, and remote site monitoring visits (Figure 3) . Sponsors were highly responsive, providing amendments to allow for study adjustments, including suspension of enrollment when appropriate for a specific study, protocol modifications to allow for remote follow up and designed for participant safety as well as to assure that data collection to achieve endpoints could be collected, and implementation of remote monitoring, etc. abstract: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has brought most ongoing clinical trials to a standstill, while at the same time emphasizing the need for new therapeutic treatments and strategies to mitigate the morbidity and mortality related to COVID-19. Recent publication of several observational studies has generated much discussion surrounding efficacy of drugs including hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, and remdesivir, stressing the need for high-quality prospective, randomized control trials in patients with COVID-19. Ongoing ‘Stay at Home’ orders and institutional policies mandating ‘Work from Home’ for non-essential employees, which includes most research personnel, have impacted the ability to implement and conduct clinical studies. This article discusses the approach of an experienced clinical trials unit to make adjustments for ongoing studies and ensure the safety of study participants. At the same time, plans were implemented to continue collection of data to achieve endpoints, safely enroll and follow participants in studies offering potential benefit, and quickly implement new COVID-19 clinical trials. The existence of a Division of Clinical Research with regulatory, budgeting, contracting, and coordinating expertise within a Department of Surgery can successfully accommodate a crisis situation and rapidly adapt to new requirements for the safe, efficient, and effective conversion to a remote work force without compromising the research process. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002248042030442X?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.jss.2020.06.049 id: cord-321836-rbqqgekw author: Everest, T. title: Determination of agricultural land suitability with a multiple-criteria decision-making method in Northwestern Turkey date: 2020-08-06 words: 7471.0 sentences: 487.0 pages: flesch: 57.0 cache: ./cache/cord-321836-rbqqgekw.txt txt: ./txt/cord-321836-rbqqgekw.txt summary: Land use capability classes, soil depth, erosion risk and other soil properties (limiting factors) were obtained from the soil map, while slope, elevation and aspect were obtained from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission data. AHP is one of the multiple-criteria decision-making methods used for the assessment and analysis of land use suitability. In this study, the aim was to determine agricultural land suitability by using the AHP method, to compare with current land use in 2019 and to produce real data for land owners and decision makers about how to evaluate the land of Lapseki district in Çanakkale, northwestern (NW) Turkey. (2018) determined agricultural land suitability based on some soil characteristics and slope conditions and they produced a sustainable agricultural support plan for their study area. This study determined the agricultural land suitability by using basic soil properties, DEM data, GIS and AHP methods. abstract: This study was carried out in the district of Lapseki in Çanakkale, Turkey. The suitability of land in Lapseki for agriculture was evaluated by using an analytic hierarchy process. In the study, the basic parameters were determined by using the soil map and the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission data. Land use capability classes, soil depth, erosion risk and other soil properties (limiting factors) were obtained from the soil map, while slope, elevation and aspect were obtained from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission data. To determine the weight of the parameters in the analytic hierarchy process, the opinions of the public institutions and experts were obtained. The obtained data were analyzed with the analytic hierarchy process and mapped with geographic information systems techniques, and a land suitability map was generated. The agricultural land suitability map demonstrated that 2.95% (2557 ha) of the lands in the study area were highly suitable; 10.37% (8989 ha) were moderately suitable; 53.47% (46,336 ha) were marginally suitable; and 33.21% (28,775 ha) were not suitable for agricultural use. The data from the agricultural land suitability map were compared with the Coordination of Information on the Environment 2012 data. As a result of comparison, 14.12% (361 ha) of highly suitable lands for agriculture and 2.25% (202 ha) of moderate suitable lands for agriculture are urbanized. It was seen that 45.71% (24,837 ha) of the lands that are marginally suitable for agriculture and 18.76% (5397 ha) of the not suitable lands had current land use for agriculture. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32837524/ doi: 10.1007/s13762-020-02869-9 id: cord-012980-oaie2i8m author: FRIEDMAN, MARVIN A. title: A Lifetime Oncogenicity Study in Rats with Acrylamide date: 1995-08-17 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: A lifetime oncogenicity study in Fischer 344 rats was conducted to accurately characterize the carcinogenic potency of acrylamide. Acrylamide was administered in drinking water throughout the 106-week study at concentrations required to provide a dose of 0, 0.1, 0.5, or 2.0 mg/kg/day to males or 0, 1.0, or 3.0 mg/kg/day to females. Complete necropsy and gross pathology examinations were performed on all study animals. Histopathology examinations were conducted on selected tissues of all high-dose and control animals. Selected tissues from intermediate and low-dose groups were subjected to histopathological examinations as required to clarify high- and controldose group observations. There was no visual observation of neurotoxicity in any study animal but sciatic nerve degeneration was observed in the male and female high-dose groups. Increased mortality related to acrylamide was observed in the high- dose male group from Month 17 to the end of the study and in the high-dose females during Month 24. Mesotheliomas of the testicular tunic were significantly increased in the high-dose male group. The combined incidence of mammary gland adenocarcinomas and fibroadenomas was significantly increased in both acrylamide-dosed female groups. Males and females in the high-dose groups as well as females of the low-dose group had significantly (p<0.001) increased thyroid follicular cell adenomas and adenocarcinomas. A variety of other tumor types observed with increased incidence in a previous acrylamide onco genicity study (i.e., combined CNS glial neoplasms, papillomas of the oral cavity, adenomas of the clitoral gland, and uterine adenocarcinomas) were not observed to be present at increased incidence in this study. This study confirms previously described acrylamide induction of benign tumors of the thyroid and mammary glands as well as mesotheliomas of the testis. By using a larger number of animals with an unbalanced study design, this study showed that acrylamide did not induce glial tumors and demonstrated that the no-observable-effect level for scrotal mesotheliomas is 0.5 mg/kg. It also demonstrated that the in creased incidence of mammary tumors was again within historical control ranges. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7528933/ doi: 10.1093/toxsci/27.1.95 id: cord-001989-6gi3o5mu author: Faber, Timor title: Meta-analyses including non-randomized studies of therapeutic interventions: a methodological review date: 2016-03-22 words: 8227.0 sentences: 443.0 pages: flesch: 32.0 cache: ./cache/cord-001989-6gi3o5mu.txt txt: ./txt/cord-001989-6gi3o5mu.txt summary: METHODS: For this methodological review, we searched MEDLINE via PubMed, from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2013 for meta-analyses including at least one non-randomized study evaluating therapeutic interventions. CONCLUSIONS: Some key methodological components of the systematic review process—search for grey literature, description of the type of NRSI included, assessment of risk of confounding bias and reporting of whether crude or adjusted estimates were combined—are not adequately carried out or reported in meta-analyses including NRSI. Therefore, an increasing number of systematic reviews and meta-analyses are including data from non-randomized studies to assess therapeutic interventions. To illustrate: a metaanalysis that investigated the association of the use of statins and risk of cancer would was considered a therapeutic evaluation if the authors planned to include RCTs. Individual patient data meta-analyses were also excluded, as were non-randomized studies that conducted a meta-analysis of the literature as secondary analysis. abstract: BACKGROUND: There is an increasing number of meta-analyses including data from non-randomized studies for therapeutic evaluation. We aimed to systematically assess the methods used in meta-analyses including non-randomized studies evaluating therapeutic interventions. METHODS: For this methodological review, we searched MEDLINE via PubMed, from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2013 for meta-analyses including at least one non-randomized study evaluating therapeutic interventions. Etiological assessments and meta-analyses with no comparison group were excluded. Two reviewers independently assessed the general characteristics and key methodological components of the systematic review process and meta-analysis methods. RESULTS: One hundred eighty eight meta-analyses were selected: 119 included both randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-randomized studies of interventions (NRSI) and 69 only NRSI. Half of the meta-analyses (n = 92, 49 %) evaluated non-pharmacological interventions. “Grey literature” was searched for 72 meta-analyses (38 %). An assessment of methodological quality or risk of bias was reported in 135 meta-analyses (72 %) but this assessment considered the risk of confounding bias in only 33 meta-analyses (18 %). In 130 meta-analyses (69 %), the design of each NRSI was not clearly specified. In 131 (70 %), whether crude or adjusted estimates of treatment effect for NRSI were combined was unclear or not reported. Heterogeneity across studies was assessed in 182 meta-analyses (97 %) and further explored in 157 (84 %). Reporting bias was assessed in 127 (68 %). CONCLUSIONS: Some key methodological components of the systematic review process—search for grey literature, description of the type of NRSI included, assessment of risk of confounding bias and reporting of whether crude or adjusted estimates were combined—are not adequately carried out or reported in meta-analyses including NRSI. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4804609/ doi: 10.1186/s12874-016-0136-0 id: cord-280373-xhvhep84 author: Faust, A. title: Challenges and proposed solutions in making clinical research on COVID-19 ethical. A status quo analysis across German research ethics committees date: 2020-08-14 words: 3663.0 sentences: 218.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-280373-xhvhep84.txt txt: ./txt/cord-280373-xhvhep84.txt summary: Methods: We conducted a qualitative survey across all 52 German RECs on the challenges and potential solutions with reviewing proposals for COVID-19 studies. For the review of these proposals the RECs indicated a broad spectrum of challenges regarding i) social value (e.g. lack of coordination), ii) scientific validity (e.g. provisional study planning), iii) favourable risk-benefit ratio (e.g. difficult benefit assessment), iv) informed consent (e.g. strict isolation measures), v) independent review (e.g. lack of time), vi) fair selection of trial participants (e.g. inclusion of vulnerable groups), and vii) respect for study participants (e.g. data security). The qualitative responses from the 22 RECs on perceived challenges and proposed solutions were all grouped under one or more of seven principles of the employed research ethics framework: social value, scientific validity, informed consent, respect for participants, independent review, favourable risk-benefit analysis and fair participant selection. abstract: Background: In the course of the COVID-19 pandemic, the biomedical research community's attempt to focus the attention on fighting COVID-19, led to several challenges within the field of research ethics. However, we know little about the practical relevance of these challenges for Research Ethics Committees (RECs). Methods: We conducted a qualitative survey across all 52 German RECs on the challenges and potential solutions with reviewing proposals for COVID-19 studies. We de-identified the answers and applied thematic text analysis for the extraction and synthesis of challenges and potential solutions that we grouped under established principles for clinical research ethics. Results: We received an overall response rate of 42%. The 22 responding RECs reported that they had assessed a total of 441 study proposals on COVID-19 until 21 April 2020. For the review of these proposals the RECs indicated a broad spectrum of challenges regarding i) social value (e.g. lack of coordination), ii) scientific validity (e.g. provisional study planning), iii) favourable risk-benefit ratio (e.g. difficult benefit assessment), iv) informed consent (e.g. strict isolation measures), v) independent review (e.g. lack of time), vi) fair selection of trial participants (e.g. inclusion of vulnerable groups), and vii) respect for study participants (e.g. data security). Mentioned solutions ranged from improved local/national coordination, over guidance on modified consent procedures, to priority setting across clinical studies. Conclusions: RECs are facing a broad spectrum of pressing challenges in reviewing COVID-19 studies. Some challenges for consent procedures are well known from research in intensive care settings but are further aggravated by infection measures. Other challenges such as reviewing several clinical studies at the same time that potentially compete for the recruitment of in-house COVID-19 patients are unique to the current situation. For some of the challenges the proposed solutions in our survey could relatively easy be translated into practice. Others need further conceptual and empirical research. Our findings together with the increasing body of literature on COVID-19 research ethics, and further stakeholder engagement should inform the development of hands-on guidance for researchers, funders, RECs, and further oversight bodies. url: http://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.08.11.20168773v1?rss=1 doi: 10.1101/2020.08.11.20168773 id: cord-348994-ly2fop7d author: Faustini, Annunziata title: Attributable Risk to Assess the Health Impact of Air Pollution: Advances, Controversies, State of the Art and Future Needs date: 2020-06-23 words: 8162.0 sentences: 356.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-348994-ly2fop7d.txt txt: ./txt/cord-348994-ly2fop7d.txt summary: It also summarizes the ongoing discussion about the designs and methods for assessing the air pollution impact with particular attention to improvements due to spatio-temporal analysis and other new approaches, such as studying short term effects in cohorts, and the still discussed methods of predicting the values of attributable risk (AR). The most important problems with these studies were recognized by the researchers themselves, i.e., (1) not having studied other factors potentially responsible for the effects, including air pollutants other than particulate matter (PM), (2) not having individual measurements of exposure, which could prefigure exposure measurement errors, (3) having measured mortality that was premature only by a few days, which is an effect of limited public-health impact, (4) having used different methods to study this association in different cities. abstract: Despite the increased attention given to the health impact assessment of air pollution and to the strategies to control it in both scientific literature and concrete interventions, the results of the implementations, especially those involving traffic, have not always been satisfactory and there is still disagreement about the most appropriate interventions and the methods to assess their effectiveness. This state-of-the-art article reviews the recent interpretation of the concepts that concern the impact assessment, and compares old and new measurements of attributable risk and attributable fraction. It also summarizes the ongoing discussion about the designs and methods for assessing the air pollution impact with particular attention to improvements due to spatio-temporal analysis and other new approaches, such as studying short term effects in cohorts, and the still discussed methods of predicting the values of attributable risk (AR). Finally, the study presents the more recent analytic perspectives and the methods for directly assessing the effects of not yet implemented interventions on air quality and health, in accordance with the suggestion in the strategic plan 2020−2025 from the Health Effect Institute. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17124512 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17124512 id: cord-306391-g7dhwogk author: Fernando, Shannon M. title: Diagnosis of ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill adult patients—a systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2020-04-18 words: 4464.0 sentences: 238.0 pages: flesch: 36.0 cache: ./cache/cord-306391-g7dhwogk.txt txt: ./txt/cord-306391-g7dhwogk.txt summary: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate diagnostic performance (including sensitivity and specificity) of these signs and tests, compared with either histopathology of lung tissue, or quantitative BAL cultures as reference standards. We included studies meeting the following criteria: 1) ≥ 90% adult patients (≥ 16 years); 2) conducted in the ICU; 3) included patients with ≥ 48 h of invasive mechanical ventilation; and 4) evaluated one or more of the following characteristics: fever (defined as body temperature ≥ 38 degrees Celsius), purulent secretions, leukocytosis (any threshold), chest radiography, gram stain, and/or culture from ETA (≥ 10 5 colony-forming units [CFU]/mL), PSB (≥ 10 3 CFU/mL), BAL (≥ 10 4 CFU/mL), or CPIS for diagnosis of VAP. In this meta-analysis, we found that physical examination findings (fever, purulent secretions), chest radiography, endotracheal aspirate cultures, bronchoscopic cultures, and Clinical Pulmonary Infection Score (CPIS) have poor accuracy for diagnosing ventilator-associated pneumonia. abstract: The accuracy of the signs and tests that clinicians use to diagnose ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and initiate antibiotic treatment has not been well characterized. We sought to characterize and compare the accuracy of physical examination, chest radiography, endotracheal aspirate (ETA), bronchoscopic sampling cultures (protected specimen brush [PSB] and bronchoalveolar lavage [BAL]), and CPIS > 6 to diagnose VAP. We searched six databases from inception through September 2019 and selected English-language studies investigating accuracy of any of the above tests for VAP diagnosis. Reference standard was histopathological analysis. Two reviewers independently extracted data and assessed study quality. We included 25 studies (1639 patients). The pooled sensitivity and specificity of physical examination findings for VAP were poor: fever (66.4% [95% confidence interval [CI]: 40.7–85.0], 53.9% [95% CI 34.5–72.2]) and purulent secretions (77.0% [95% CI 64.7–85.9], 39.0% [95% CI 25.8–54.0]). Any infiltrate on chest radiography had a sensitivity of 88.9% (95% CI 73.9–95.8) and specificity of 26.1% (95% CI 15.1–41.4). ETA had a sensitivity of 75.7% (95% CI 51.5–90.1) and specificity of 67.9% (95% CI 40.5–86.8). Among bronchoscopic sampling methods, PSB had a sensitivity of 61.4% [95% CI 43.7–76.5] and specificity of 76.5% [95% CI 64.2–85.6]; while BAL had a sensitivity of 71.1% [95% CI 49.9–85.9] and specificity of 79.6% [95% CI 66.2–85.9]. CPIS > 6 had a sensitivity of 73.8% (95% CI 50.6–88.5) and specificity of 66.4% (95% CI 43.9–83.3). Classic clinical indicators had poor accuracy for diagnosis of VAP. Reliance upon these indicators in isolation may result in misdiagnosis and potentially unnecessary antimicrobial use. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1007/s00134-020-06036-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-020-06036-z doi: 10.1007/s00134-020-06036-z id: cord-346327-dgpkiqgu author: Ferriss, J. Stuart title: Systematic Review of Intraoperative Assessment Tools in Minimally Invasive Gynecologic Surgery date: 2020-10-18 words: 2013.0 sentences: 132.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-346327-dgpkiqgu.txt txt: ./txt/cord-346327-dgpkiqgu.txt summary: Objective : To collect, summarize, and evaluate the currently available intraoperative rating tools used in abdominal minimally invasive gynecologic surgery (MIGS). Conclusions Procedure specific intraoperative assessment tools for MIGS cases are more 37 thoroughly evaluated compared to global tools; however, poor-quality studies and borderline 38 reliability limit their use. Conclusions Procedure specific intraoperative assessment tools for MIGS cases are more 37 thoroughly evaluated compared to global tools; however, poor-quality studies and borderline 38 reliability limit their use. Well designed, controlled studies evaluating the effectiveness of 39 intraoperative assessment tools in MIGS are needed. Articles describing the use of an evaluation tool focused on a minimally invasive 81 abdominal gynecologic procedure in the intraoperative or perioperative setting were included. Four of the studies 106 used a global assessment tool, and the remaining 6 used a tool evaluated during a specific 107 minimally invasive procedure: salpingectomy (2), supra-cervical hysterectomy, total 108 laparoscopic hysterectomy (2), and robotic hysterectomy. abstract: Objective : To collect, summarize, and evaluate the currently available intraoperative rating tools used in abdominal minimally invasive gynecologic surgery (MIGS). Data Sources : Medline, Embase, and Scopus databases from January 1, 2000 to May 12, 2020 Methods of Study Selection : A systematic search strategy was designed and executed. Published studies evaluating an assessment tool in abdominal MIGS cases were included. Studies focused on simulation, reviews, and abstracts without a published manuscript were excluded. Risk of bias and methodologic quality were assessed for each study. Tabulation : Disparate study methods prevented quantitative synthesis of the data. Integration and Results : 10 studies were included in the analysis. Tools were grouped into global (n=4) and procedure specific assessments (n=6). Most studies evaluated small numbers of surgeons and lacked a comparison group to evaluate the effectiveness of the tool. All studies demonstrated content validity, at least one dimension of reliability, and 2 have external validity. The intraoperative procedure specific tools have been more thoroughly evaluated compared to the global scales. Conclusions : Procedure specific intraoperative assessment tools for MIGS cases are more thoroughly evaluated compared to global tools; however, poor-quality studies and borderline reliability limit their use. Well designed, controlled studies evaluating the effectiveness of intraoperative assessment tools in MIGS are needed. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33086146/ doi: 10.1016/j.jmig.2020.10.007 id: cord-258087-93yfs7ve author: Flores, Carlos title: A quality assessment of genetic association studies supporting susceptibility and outcome in acute lung injury date: 2008-10-25 words: 4736.0 sentences: 216.0 pages: flesch: 37.0 cache: ./cache/cord-258087-93yfs7ve.txt txt: ./txt/cord-258087-93yfs7ve.txt summary: CONCLUSIONS: Although the quality of association studies seems to have improved over the years, more and better designed studies, including the replication of previous findings, with larger sample sizes extended to population groups other than those of European descent, are needed for identifying firm genetic modifiers of ALI. This quality assessment of genetic association studies with positive findings in susceptibility or outcome of ALI and ARDS identified a total of 29 articles and 16 genes. ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; ALI, acute lung injury; ARDS, acute respiratory distress syndrome; CAP, community-acquired pneumonia; CXCL2, chemokine CXC motif ligand 2; F5, coagulation factor V; IL-6, interleukin-6; IL-10, interleukin-10; MBL2, mannose-binding lectin-2; MIF, macrophage migration inhibitory factor; MV, mechanical ventilation; MYLK, myosin light-chain kinase; NFKB1, nuclear factor kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells; NFKBIA, nuclear factor kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells inhibitor alpha; NRF2, nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2 factor; PBEF, pre-B cell-enhancing factor; PLAU, plasminogen activator urokinase; SARS, severe acute respiratory syndrome; SFTPB, surfactant pulmonaryassociated protein B; SIRS, systemic inflammatory response syndrome; SNP, single-nucleotide polymorphism; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; TR, tandem repeat (polymorphism); VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor. Positive genetic association studies with acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome susceptibility and/or outcome (by year of publication) abstract: INTRODUCTION: Clinical observations and animal models provide evidence that the development of acute lung injury (ALI), a phenomenon of acute diffuse lung inflammation in critically ill patients, is influenced by genetic factors. Association studies are the main tool for exploring common genetic variations underlying ALI susceptibility and/or outcome. We aimed to assess the quality of positive genetic association studies with ALI susceptibility and/or outcome in adults in order to highlight their consistency and major limitations. METHODS: We conducted a broad PubMed literature search from 1996 to June 2008 for original articles in English supporting a positive association (P ≤ 0.05) of genetic variants contributing to all-cause ALI susceptibility and/or outcome. Studies were evaluated based on current recommendations using a 10-point quality scoring system derived from 14 criteria, and the gene was considered as the unit of replication. Genes were also categorized according to biological processes using the Gene Ontology. RESULTS: Our search identified a total of 29 studies reporting positive findings for 16 genes involved mainly in the response to external stimulus and cell signal transduction. The genes encoding for interleukin-6, mannose-binding lectin, surfactant protein B, and angiotensin-converting enzyme were the most replicated across the studies. On average, the studies had an intermediate quality score (median of 4.62 and interquartile range of 3.33 to 6.15). CONCLUSIONS: Although the quality of association studies seems to have improved over the years, more and better designed studies, including the replication of previous findings, with larger sample sizes extended to population groups other than those of European descent, are needed for identifying firm genetic modifiers of ALI. url: https://doi.org/10.1186/cc7098 doi: 10.1186/cc7098 id: cord-253525-r6ocr18h author: Fontbonne, Alain title: Small animal reproduction: Scientific facts versus dogmas or unverified beliefs date: 2020-03-11 words: 7003.0 sentences: 302.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-253525-r6ocr18h.txt txt: ./txt/cord-253525-r6ocr18h.txt summary: Through examples, this article reviews the main causes that may sometimes challenge a veterinary practitioner faced with a dog or a cat presenting reproductive problems. This problem may result from the fact that there are still physiological processes that remain unclear, but also that some common beliefs are based on old studies that have not been repeated or verifiedIn addition, to make it more challenging to seek for the information, there are unverifiedaffirmations,unclear nomenclature, clinical conditions which have not been standardized in the literature, clinical conditions mostly described through case reports, lack of studies on specific topics, areas of small animal reproduction that have been neglected by researchers, contradictory data or even studies that lack objectivity. Concerning the belief that an early neutering lowers significantly the risk for a bitch to develop mammary tumours later in her life, it is based on a study published in 1969 which has not been repeated since then [19] . abstract: Small Animal Reproduction is a rather recent topic in the field of Animal Reproduction. Although some continuing educational societies aim to improve the level of general knowledge, published scientific facts are still limited, and there are many hypotheses or affirmations that remain unverified or even sometimes dogmatic or empirical. Through examples, this article reviews the main causes that may sometimes challenge a veterinary practitioner faced with a dog or a cat presenting reproductive problems. It could be difficult to orientate the diagnosis or the therapeutic approach, not knowing if what is found in the literature is a scientific proof or just an unverified affirmation. This problem may result from the fact that there are still physiological processes that remain unclear, but also that some common beliefs are based on old studies that have not been repeated or verifiedIn addition, to make it more challenging to seek for the information, there are unverifiedaffirmations,unclear nomenclature, clinical conditions which have not been standardized in the literature, clinical conditions mostly described through case reports, lack of studies on specific topics, areas of small animal reproduction that have been neglected by researchers, contradictory data or even studies that lack objectivity. The growing interest for research in Small Animal Reproduction will probably reduce the gap between unverified beliefs and scientific facts. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0093691X20301801 doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.03.014 id: cord-292853-xihpfidg author: Ford, Julian D. title: Social, cultural, and other diversity issues in the traumatic stress field date: 2015-08-07 words: 18821.0 sentences: 665.0 pages: flesch: 36.0 cache: ./cache/cord-292853-xihpfidg.txt txt: ./txt/cord-292853-xihpfidg.txt summary: A social-ecological framework is used to differentiate the impact of exposure to traumatic stressors and the development of (or resistance to) PTSD, based on the individual''s or group''s (i) personal, unique physical characteristics, including skin color, racial background, gender, and sexual orientation; and (ii) family, ethnocultural, and community membership, including majority or minority group status, religious beliefs and practices, socioeconomic resources, and political and civic affiliations. Depending on Social, cultural, and other diversity issues in the traumatic stress field 505 their cultural background and its traditions and beliefs, individuals may also have "multiple vulnerability status"-that is, to be members of more than one group or to have characteristic that cause them to be even more susceptible to discrimination or victimization (i.e., adolescent black male in the United States; a baby born with physical or developmental disabilities in a culture that endorses selective resources to the ablebodied; a gay man or lesbian woman of color in a highly homophobic and racist society). abstract: This chapter describes how the impact of psychological trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) differ, depending on individual differences and the social and cultural context and culture-specific teachings and resources available to individuals, families, and communities. A social-ecological framework is used to differentiate the impact of exposure to traumatic stressors and the development of (or resistance to) PTSD, based on the individual’s or group’s (i) personal, unique physical characteristics, including skin color, racial background, gender, and sexual orientation; and (ii) family, ethnocultural, and community membership, including majority or minority group status, religious beliefs and practices, socioeconomic resources, and political and civic affiliations. While personal, familial, social, and cultural factors can be a positive resource contributing to safety and well-being, they also can be a basis for placing the person, group, or entire community or population in harm’s way or at heightened risk of developing PTSD. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/B978012801288800011X doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-801288-8.00011-x id: cord-023913-pnjhi8cu author: Foreman, Stephen title: Broader Considerations of Medical and Dental Data Integration date: 2011-10-08 words: 47663.0 sentences: 2231.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023913-pnjhi8cu.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023913-pnjhi8cu.txt summary: So while there has been no shortage of effort paid to improving Medicare, the one common theme in all of the recent initiatives is that dental care has been conspicuously 1 A new study by Hedlund, Jeffcoat, Genco and Tanna funded by CIGNA of patients with Type II diabetes and periodontal disease found that medical costs of patients who received maintenance therapy were $2483.51 per year lower than patients who did not. Examples of integrated care models do exist, such as that presented by (Heuer 2007 ) involving school-linked and school-based clinics with an "innovative health infrastructure." According to Heuer, "Neighborhood Outreach Action for Health (NOAH)" is staffed by two nurse practitioners and a part-time physician to provide "primary medical services to more than 3,200 uninsured patients each year" in Scottsdale, Arizona. abstract: Dental health insurance coverage in the United States is either nonexistent (Medicare and the uninsured), spotty (Medicaid) and limited (most employer-based private benefit plans). Perhaps as a result, dental health in the United States is not good. What public policy makers may not appreciate is that this may well be impacting medical care costs in a way that improved dental benefits would produce a substantial return to investment in expanded dental insurance coverage. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7177026/ doi: 10.1007/978-1-4471-2185-5_4 id: cord-353876-pb4of7s9 author: Fortaleza, Carlos Magno Castelo Branco title: Evidence, rationality, and ignorance: Agnotological issues in COVID-19 science date: 2020-09-21 words: 3261.0 sentences: 180.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-353876-pb4of7s9.txt txt: ./txt/cord-353876-pb4of7s9.txt summary: Researchers, public health authorities, and healthcare workers should be equipped to identify such agnotological strategies, distinguish them from scientific fraud, and avoid drawing misleading inferences based on an irrational adherence to hypotheses and a lack of criticism of implausible results. It may surprise an orthodox practitioner of evidence-based medicine (EBM) to learn that, in accordance with a tradition that dates back to David Hume (1711-1776), Popper rejected induction, which refers to the notion that a series of observations and experiments (i.e., evidence) allows one to draw inferences about general scientific laws or generate "recommendations." Popper''s views can be summarized as follows: "there are several sources of knowledge, but science progresses blindly toward the truth rather by eliminating errors (by continuous criticism and empirical research) than from gathering cumulative evidences." Despite major ideological differences, some of the greatest 20 th century philosophers of science (Popper 2 , Kuhn 3 , Lakatos 4 , and Feyerabend 5 ) prioritized rationality over the accumulation of evidence. abstract: Two decades ago, Robert Proctor coined the term agnotology to refer to the study of ignorance that stems from scientific research. Amid the coronavirus disease pandemic, the world is witnessing the greatest natural experiment ever, and countries have adopted different response strategies. An evaluation of the effectiveness of different policies will play a valuable role in preparing for future public health emergencies. However, controversial issues such as the timing and pathways of viral emergence, the effectiveness of social distancing and lockdown strategies, and the use of antimalarial drugs as therapy have still not been fully resolved. This serves as a fertile breeding ground for agnotological strategies, whereby scientific studies are deliberately or unintentionally designed to create distractions or draw conclusions that are not supported by research findings. Researchers, public health authorities, and healthcare workers should be equipped to identify such agnotological strategies, distinguish them from scientific fraud, and avoid drawing misleading inferences based on an irrational adherence to hypotheses and a lack of criticism of implausible results. url: https://doi.org/10.1590/0037-8682-0475-2020 doi: 10.1590/0037-8682-0475-2020 id: cord-016472-jj7fqcen author: Freudenberg, Nicholas title: Health Research Behind Bars: A Brief Guide to Research in Jails and Prisons date: 2007 words: 7502.0 sentences: 325.0 pages: flesch: 36.0 cache: ./cache/cord-016472-jj7fqcen.txt txt: ./txt/cord-016472-jj7fqcen.txt summary: For health researchers and their collaborators, the audience for this chapter, correctional facilities offer several unique advantages: a population at high risk of many health problems including infectious and chronic diseases, substance abuse, and mental health problems; social and physical environments that can enhance or impede well-being; a setting that is a focal point for the class, racial/ethnic, and gender differences that divide the United States; a site where health and mental health services and prevention programs are offered and can be evaluated; a controlled environment for administration of treatments such as directly observed therapy for tuberculosis; and a stopping point in the cycle of incarceration and reentry that so profoundly affects community well-being. abstract: While most people make staying out of jail and prison a priority, a growing number of researchers are eager to get into correctional facilities in order to study the criminal justice system, the causes and consequences of incarceration, and the role of corrections in our society. For health researchers and their collaborators, the audience for this chapter, correctional facilities offer several unique advantages: a population at high risk of many health problems including infectious and chronic diseases, substance abuse, and mental health problems; social and physical environments that can enhance or impede well-being; a setting that is a focal point for the class, racial/ethnic, and gender differences that divide the United States; a site where health and mental health services and prevention programs are offered and can be evaluated; a controlled environment for administration of treatments such as directly observed therapy for tuberculosis; and a stopping point in the cycle of incarceration and reentry that so profoundly affects community well-being. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7120758/ doi: 10.1007/978-0-387-71695-4_24 id: cord-301805-sb0ij8k7 author: Fuentes, Blanca title: Glycemic variability: prognostic impact on acute ischemic stroke and the impact of corrective treatment for hyperglycemia. The GLIAS-III translational study date: 2020-11-04 words: 3834.0 sentences: 235.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-301805-sb0ij8k7.txt txt: ./txt/cord-301805-sb0ij8k7.txt summary: METHODS: This translational study consists of two studies conducted in parallel: The first study is an observational, multicenter, prospective clinical study in which 340 patients with acute IS will be subcutaneously implanted a sensor to continuously monitor blood glucose levels for 96 h. DISCUSSION: The GLIAS-III study will be the first translational approach analyzing the prognostic influence of GV, evaluated by the use of subcutaneous glucose monitors, in acute stroke. We hypothesized that GV, assessable by means of continuous subcutaneous monitoring devices, could act as a powerful prognostic predictor of mortality, possibly higher than assessment of mean or maximum blood glucose levels and that the different treatment regimens used in routine clinical practice could modify glycemic variability. No laboratory data other than HbA1c will be collected for Discussion: The GLIAS-III study will be the first translational approach analyzing the prognostic influence of GV, evaluated by the use of subcutaneous glucose monitors, in acute stroke. abstract: INTRODUCTION: Glycemic variability (GV) represents the amplitude of oscillations in glucose levels over time and is associated with higher mortality in critically ill patients. Our aim is to evaluate the impact of GV on acute ischemic stroke (IS) outcomes in humans and explore the impact of two different insulin administration routes on GV in an animal model. METHODS: This translational study consists of two studies conducted in parallel: The first study is an observational, multicenter, prospective clinical study in which 340 patients with acute IS will be subcutaneously implanted a sensor to continuously monitor blood glucose levels for 96 h. The second study is a basic experimental study using an animal model (rats) with permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery and induced hyperglycemia (through an intraperitoneal injection of nicotinamide and streptozotocin). The animal study will include the following 6 groups (10 animals per group): sham; hyperglycemia without IS; IS without hyperglycemia; IS and hyperglycemia without treatment; IS and hyperglycemia and intravenous insulin; and IS and hyperglycemia and subcutaneous insulin. The endpoint for the first study is mortality at 3 months, while the endpoints for the animal model study are GV, functional recovery and biomarkers. DISCUSSION: The GLIAS-III study will be the first translational approach analyzing the prognostic influence of GV, evaluated by the use of subcutaneous glucose monitors, in acute stroke. Trial registration https://www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT04001049) url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33148277/ doi: 10.1186/s12967-020-02586-4 id: cord-216972-migs9rxb author: Garaialde, Diego title: Quantifying the Impact of Making and Breaking Interface Habits date: 2020-05-14 words: 6289.0 sentences: 309.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-216972-migs9rxb.txt txt: ./txt/cord-216972-migs9rxb.txt summary: Through a forced choice lab study task (n=19) and in the wild deployment (n=18) of a notificationdialog experiment on smartphones, we show that people become more accurate and faster at option selection as they develop an interface habit. The contribution of the current paper comes from providing quantitative evidence of how the process of forming and disrupting habits affects user performance in a forced choice interaction task, similar to those seen in notification dialogs or alert boxes. The current research contributes key insight on fundamental user behaviours by quantifying how the process of habit formation and disruption through design affect the speed and accuracy of interactions. The experimental evidence of study 1 shows that, like other habits, allowing participants to form interface habits leads to significant gains in performance, as users became both more accurate and quicker at selecting the desired option. abstract: The frequency with which people interact with technology means that users may develop interface habits, i.e. fast, automatic responses to stable interface cues. Design guidelines often assume that interface habits are beneficial. However, we lack quantitative evidence of how the development of habits actually affect user performance and an understanding of how changes in the interface design may affect habit development. Our work quantifies the effect of habit formation and disruption on user performance in interaction. Through a forced choice lab study task (n=19) and in the wild deployment (n=18) of a notificationdialog experiment on smartphones, we show that people become more accurate and faster at option selection as they develop an interface habit. Crucially this performance gain is entirely eliminated once the habit is disrupted. We discuss reasons for this performance shift and analyse some disadvantages of interface habits, outlining general design patterns on how to both support and disrupt them.Keywords: Interface habits, user behaviour, breaking habit, interaction science, quantitative research. url: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2005.06842v1.pdf doi: nan id: cord-316666-qif1k62t author: Ghati, Nirmal title: Atorvastatin and Aspirin as Adjuvant Therapy in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial date: 2020-10-30 words: 4394.0 sentences: 261.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-316666-qif1k62t.txt txt: ./txt/cord-316666-qif1k62t.txt summary: title: Atorvastatin and Aspirin as Adjuvant Therapy in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial Patients with a critical illness (WHO clinical improvement ordinal score > 5), documented significant liver disease/dysfunction (aspartate transaminase [AST] / alanine aminotransferase [ALT] > 240), myopathy and rhabdomyolysis (creatine phosphokinase [CPK] > 5x normal), allergy or intolerance to statins or aspirin, prior statin or aspirin use within 30 days, history of active gastrointestinal bleeding in past three months, coagulopathy, thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 100000/ dl), pregnancy, active breastfeeding, or inability to take oral or nasogastric medications will be excluded. INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR: In this study, the benefit and safety of atorvastatin (statin) and/or aspirin as adjuvant therapy will be compared with the control group receiving usual care for management of COVID-19. abstract: OBJECTIVES: To assess the impact of adding statin (atorvastatin) and/or aspirin on clinical deterioration in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 who require hospitalisation. The safety of these drugs in COVID-19 patients will also be evaluated. TRIAL DESIGN: This is a single-centre, prospective, four-arm parallel design, open-label, randomized control trial. PARTICIPANTS: The study will be conducted at National Cancer Institute (NCI), Jhajjar, Haryana, which is a part of All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, and has been converted into a dedicated COVID-19 management centre since the outbreak of the pandemic. All RT-PCR confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection with age ≥ 40 years and < 75 years requiring hospital admission (patients with WHO clinical improvement ordinal score 3 to 5) will be included in the trial. Written informed consent will be taken for all recruited patients. Patients with a critical illness (WHO clinical improvement ordinal score > 5), documented significant liver disease/dysfunction (aspartate transaminase [AST] / alanine aminotransferase [ALT] > 240), myopathy and rhabdomyolysis (creatine phosphokinase [CPK] > 5x normal), allergy or intolerance to statins or aspirin, prior statin or aspirin use within 30 days, history of active gastrointestinal bleeding in past three months, coagulopathy, thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 100000/ dl), pregnancy, active breastfeeding, or inability to take oral or nasogastric medications will be excluded. Patients refusing to give written consent and taking drugs that are known to have a significant drug interaction with statin or aspirin [including cyclosporine, HIV protease inhibitors, hepatitis C protease inhibitor, telaprevir, fibric acid derivatives (gemfibrozil), niacin, azole antifungals (itraconazole, ketoconazole), clarithromycin and colchicine] will also be excluded from the trial. INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR: In this study, the benefit and safety of atorvastatin (statin) and/or aspirin as adjuvant therapy will be compared with the control group receiving usual care for management of COVID-19. Atorvastatin will be prescribed as 40 mg oral tablets once daily for ten days or until discharge, whichever is earlier. The dose of aspirin will be 75 mg once daily for ten days or until discharge, whichever is earlier. All other therapies will be administered according to the institute’s COVID-19 treatment protocol and the treating physician’s clinical judgment. MAIN OUTCOMES: All study participants will be prospectively followed up for ten days or until hospital discharge, whichever is longer for outcomes. The primary outcome will be clinical deterioration characterized by progression to WHO clinical improvement ordinal score ≥ 6 (i.e., endotracheal intubation, non-invasive mechanical ventilation, pressor agents, renal replacement therapy, ECMO requirement, and mortality). The secondary outcomes will be change in serum inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein and Interleukin-6), Troponin I, and creatine phosphokinase (CPK) from time zero to 5th day of study enrolment or 7th day after symptom onset, whichever is later. Other clinical outcomes that will be assessed include progression to Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS), shock, ICU admission, length of ICU admission, length of hospital admission, and in-hospital mortality. Adverse drug effects like myalgia, myopathy, rhabdomyolysis, hepatotoxicity, and bleeding will also be examined in the trial to assess the safety of the interventions. RANDOMISATION: The study will use a four-arm parallel-group design. A computer-generated permuted block randomization with mixed block size will be used to randomize the participants in a 1:1:1:1 ratio to group A (atorvastatin with conventional therapy), group B (aspirin with conventional therapy), group C (aspirin + atorvastatin with conventional therapy), and group D (control; only conventional therapy). BLINDING (MASKING): The study will be an open-label trial. NUMBERS TO BE RANDOMISED (SAMPLE SIZE): As there is no existing study that has evaluated the role of aspirin and atorvastatin in COVID-19 patients, formal sample size calculation has not been done. Patients satisfying the inclusion and exclusion criteria will be recruited during six months of study period. Once the first 200 patients are included in each arm (i.e., total 800 patients), the final sample size calculation will be done on the basis of the interim analysis of the collected data. TRIAL STATUS: The institutional ethical committee has approved the study protocol (Protocol version 3.0 [June 2020]). Participant recruitment starting date: 28(th) July 2020 Participant recruitment ending date: 27(th) January 2021 Trial duration: 6 months TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial has been prospectively registered in Clinical Trial Registry – India (ICMR- NIMS): Reference no. CTRI/2020/07/026791 (registered on 25 July 2020)]. FULL PROTOCOL: The full protocol is attached as an additional file, accessible from the Trials website (Additional file 1). In the interest of expediting dissemination of this material, the familiar formatting has been eliminated; this Letter serves as a summary of the key elements of the full protocol. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13063-020-04840-y. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33126910/ doi: 10.1186/s13063-020-04840-y id: cord-102474-fmq98aa8 author: Gooding, K. M. title: Prognostic Imaging Biomarkers for Diabetic Kidney Disease (iBEAt): Study protocol date: 2020-01-16 words: 5705.0 sentences: 264.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-102474-fmq98aa8.txt txt: ./txt/cord-102474-fmq98aa8.txt summary: Embedded within iBEAT are ancillary substudies that will (1) validate imaging biomarkers against renal histopathology; (2) validate MRI based renal blood flow against water-labelled positron-emission tomography (PET); (3) develop machine-learning methods for automated processing of renal MRI images; (4) examine longitudinal changes in imaging biomarkers; (5) examine whether the glycocalyx, microvascular function and structure are associated with imaging biomarkers and eGFR decline; (6) a pilot study to examine whether the findings in T2D can be extrapolated to type 1 diabetes. The key hypotheses are that (1) imaging-based biomarkers of DKD provide additional information on the pathogenesis and histological and clinical heterogeneity of DKD compared to biomarkers sourced from samples or physical exams, and (2) that changes in imaging biomarkers precede increases in albuminuria and decline in kidney function as measured by eGFR. abstract: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is traditionally classified based on albuminuria and reduced kidney function (estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)), but these have limitations as prognostic biomarkers due to the heterogeneity of DKD. Novel prognostic markers are needed to improve stratification of patients based on risk of disease progression. The iBEAT study, part of the BEAt-DKD consortium, aims to determine whether renal imaging biomarkers (magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound (US)) provide insight into the pathogenesis and heterogeneity of DKD (primary aim), and whether they have potential as prognostic biomarkers in DKD progression (secondary aim). iBEAT is a prospective multi-centre observational cohort study recruiting 500 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and eGFR > 30ml/min/1.73m2. At baseline each participant will undergo quantitative renal MRI and US imaging with central processing for MRI images. Blood sampling, urine collection and clinical examinations will be performed and medical history obtained at baseline, and these assessments will be repeated annually for 3 years. Biological samples will be stored in a central laboratory for later biomarker and validation studies. All data will be stored in a central data depository. Data analysis will explore the potential associations between imaging biomarkers and renal function, and whether the imaging biomarkers may improve the prediction of DKD progression rates. Embedded within iBEAT are ancillary substudies that will (1) validate imaging biomarkers against renal histopathology; (2) validate MRI based renal blood flow against water-labelled positron-emission tomography (PET); (3) develop machine-learning methods for automated processing of renal MRI images; (4) examine longitudinal changes in imaging biomarkers; (5) examine whether the glycocalyx, microvascular function and structure are associated with imaging biomarkers and eGFR decline; (6) a pilot study to examine whether the findings in T2D can be extrapolated to type 1 diabetes. The iBEAT study, the largest DKD imaging study to date, will provide invaluable insights into the progression and heterogeneity of DKD, and aims to contribute to a more personalized approach to the management of DKD in patients with type 2 diabetes. url: http://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.01.13.20017228v1?rss=1 doi: 10.1101/2020.01.13.20017228 id: cord-011335-pamcpi8n author: Govindan, Vedavalli title: Cerebral venous volume changes and pressure autoregulation in critically ill infants date: 2020-03-10 words: 3809.0 sentences: 205.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-011335-pamcpi8n.txt txt: ./txt/cord-011335-pamcpi8n.txt summary: STUDY DESIGN: In a prospective study of newborns undergoing positive-pressure ventilation, we calculated coherence between continuous mean arterial pressure (MAP) and cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy hemoglobin difference (HbD). For this study, our goals were to evaluate the association between cerebral venous volume changes at the ventilator frequency on the development of (1) cerebral pressure passivity, and (2) brain injury, in newborn infants undergoing intensive care. The study population included infants with three broad categories of illness, all known to be at significant risk of brain injury, namely, term/ near-term infants with either perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) or congenital heart disease (CHD), as well as preterm infants (<37 weeks of gestational age (GA)). In this study, we identified a significant relationship between the magnitude of fluctuations in CBV associated with positive-pressure ventilation, and the presence of cerebral pressure passivity, in a population of critically ill newborn infants. abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether ventilator-related fluctuations in cerebral blood volume (CBV) are associated with cerebral pressure passivity. STUDY DESIGN: In a prospective study of newborns undergoing positive-pressure ventilation, we calculated coherence between continuous mean arterial pressure (MAP) and cerebral near-infrared spectroscopy hemoglobin difference (HbD). Significant HbD–MAP coherence indicated cerebral pressure passivity. CBV changes were measured as the spectral power of total hemoglobin (S(HbT)) at the ventilator frequency. A regression model tested whether S(HbT) predicts cerebral pressure passivity and/or death/brain injury, controlling for birth gestational age and other factors. RESULTS: We studied 68 subjects with prematurity (n = 19), congenital heart disease (n = 11), and hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (n = 38). S(HbT), sedative use, and pCO(2) were positively associated, and circulating hemoglobin negatively associated, with cerebral pressure passivity (p < 0.001), which was positively associated with brain injury (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: In sick newborns, ventilator-related CBV fluctuations may predispose to cerebral pressure passivity, which may predispose to an adverse neonatal outcome. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7224055/ doi: 10.1038/s41372-020-0626-0 id: cord-333340-ekok0mp5 author: Graf, Erin H. title: Appropriate Use and Future Directions of Molecular Diagnostic Testing date: 2020-02-06 words: 5773.0 sentences: 289.0 pages: flesch: 33.0 cache: ./cache/cord-333340-ekok0mp5.txt txt: ./txt/cord-333340-ekok0mp5.txt summary: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Major technologic advances in two main areas of molecular infectious disease diagnostics have resulted in accelerated adoption or ordering, outpacing implementation, and clinical utility studies. More studies are needed to assess their prospective impacts on patient management and antimicrobial stewardship efforts as the future state of infectious disease diagnostics will see continued expansion of these technologic advances. This review will highlight recent studies developing and applying emerging molecular infectious disease technologies and touch on limited published data on clinical utility and stewardship approaches. Ideally, we would evaluate all of these approaches via randomized controlled trials comparing patient outcomes between conventional microbiologic testing and testing including a syndromic panel; however, very limited studies addressing this have been published [8] . One of the only randomized controlled trials also found no difference in antibiotic usage, including duration, between adults tested via syndromic panel at the point-of-care compared to patients receiving conventional testing in a hospital emergency department and inpatient unit [15] . abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Major technologic advances in two main areas of molecular infectious disease diagnostics have resulted in accelerated adoption or ordering, outpacing implementation, and clinical utility studies. Physicians must understand the limitations to and appropriate utilization of these technologies in order to provide cost-effective and well-informed care for their patients. RECENT FINDINGS: Rapid molecular testing and, to a lesser degree, clinical metagenomics are now being routinely used in clinical practice. While these tests allow for a breadth of interrogation not possible with conventional microbiology, they pose new challenges for diagnostic and antimicrobial stewardship programs. This review will summarize the most recent literature on these two categories of technologic advances and discuss the few studies that have looked at utilization and stewardship approaches. This review also highlights the future directions for both of these technologies. SUMMARY: The appropriate utilization of rapid molecular testing and clinical metagenomics has not been well established. More studies are needed to assess their prospective impacts on patient management and antimicrobial stewardship efforts as the future state of infectious disease diagnostics will see continued expansion of these technologic advances. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11908-020-0714-5 doi: 10.1007/s11908-020-0714-5 id: cord-292544-m7jyydf1 author: Grau-Pujol, Berta title: Pre-exposure prophylaxis with hydroxychloroquine for high-risk healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A structured summary of a study protocol for a multicentre, double-blind randomized controlled trial date: 2020-07-29 words: 4575.0 sentences: 257.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-292544-m7jyydf1.txt txt: ./txt/cord-292544-m7jyydf1.txt summary: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of the use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with hydroxychloroquine against placebo in healthcare workers with high risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in reducing their risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease during an epidemic period. As secondary endpoints, we will obtain: i) the SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion in the PrEP group compared to placebo during the 6 months of follow-up in healthcare workers with negative serology at day 0; ii) the occurrence of any adverse event related with hydroxychloroquine treatment; iii) the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 among healthcare workers in the non-PrEP group, among the total of healthcare workers included in the non-PrEP group during the study period; iv) the risk ratio for the different clinical, analytical and microbiological conditions to develop COVID-19; v) a repository of serum samples obtained from healthcare workers confirmed COVID-19 cases for future research on blood markers to predict SARS-CoV-2 infection. abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of the use of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with hydroxychloroquine against placebo in healthcare workers with high risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in reducing their risk of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disease during an epidemic period. As secondary objectives, we would like to: i) assess the efficacy of the use of PrEP with hydroxychloroquine against placebo in healthcare workers with high risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection in reducing their risk of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 (defined by seroconversion) during an epidemic period, ii) evaluate the safety of PrEP with hydroxychloroquine in adults, iii) describe the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection among healthcare workers at high risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, iv) identify clinical, analytical and microbiological predictors of COVID-19 among healthcare workers at high risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection, v) set up a repository of serum samples obtained from healthcare workers at high risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection for future research on blood markers to predict SARS-CoV-2 infection. TRIAL DESIGN: Multicentre double-blind parallel design (ratio 1:1) randomized controlled clinical trial. PARTICIPANTS: Approximately 440 healthcare workers of four Spanish hospitals (Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau of Barcelona, Hospital Plató of Barcelona, Hospital General de Granollers, Barcelona) will be recruited. Participants are considered to be at high-risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection due to their frequent contact with suspected and confirmed cases of COVID-19. For eligibility, healthcare workers with 18 years old or older working at least 3 days a week in a hospital with both negative SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays and serological COVID-19 rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) are invited to participate. Participants with any of the following conditions are excluded: pregnancy, breastfeeding, ongoing antiviral, antiretroviral or corticosteroids treatment, chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine uptake the last month or any contraindication to hydroxychloroquine treatment. INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR: Intervention group (PrEP): participants will receive the standard of care and will take 400mg of hydroxychloroquine (2 tablets of 200 mg per Dolquine® tablet) daily the first four consecutive days, followed by 400 mg weekly for a period of 6 months. Control group: participants will receive placebo tablets with identical physical appearance to hydroxychloroquine 200 mg (Dolquine®) tablets following the same treatment schedule of the intervention group. Both groups will be encouraged to use the personal protection equipment (PPE) for COVID-19 prevention according to current hospital guidelines. MAIN OUTCOMES: The primary endpoint will be the number of confirmed cases of a COVID-19 (defined by a positive PCR for SARS-CoV-2 or symptoms compatible with COVID-19 with seroconversion) in the PrEP group compared to the placebo group at any time during the 6 months of the follow-up in healthcare workers with negative SARS-CoV-2 PCR and serology at day 0. As secondary endpoints, we will obtain: i) the SARS-CoV-2 seroconversion in the PrEP group compared to placebo during the 6 months of follow-up in healthcare workers with negative serology at day 0; ii) the occurrence of any adverse event related with hydroxychloroquine treatment; iii) the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 among healthcare workers in the non-PrEP group, among the total of healthcare workers included in the non-PrEP group during the study period; iv) the risk ratio for the different clinical, analytical and microbiological conditions to develop COVID-19; v) a repository of serum samples obtained from healthcare workers confirmed COVID-19 cases for future research on blood markers to predict SARS-CoV-2 infection. RANDOMISATION: Participants meeting all eligibility requirements will be allocated to one of the two study arms (PrEP with hydroxychloroquine or non-PrEP control group) in a 1:1 ratio using simple randomisation with computer generated random numbers. BLINDING (MASKING): Participants, doctors and nurses caring for participants, and investigators assessing the outcomes will be blinded to group assignment. NUMBERS TO BE RANDOMISED (SAMPLE SIZE): Each intervention group will have 220 participants, giving a total of 440 participants. TRIAL STATUS: The current protocol version is 1.5, 2(nd) of June 2020. Two hundred and seventy-fiveparticipants were recruited and completed first month follow-up until date. The estimated sample size could not be reached yet due to the declining national epidemic curve. Thus, 275 is the total number of participants included until date. The study has been suspended (26(th) of June) until new epidemic curve occurs. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This trial was registered on April 2(nd) 2020 at clinicaltrials.gov with the number NCT04331834. FULL PROTOCOL: The full protocol is attached as an additional file, accessible from the Trials website (Additional file 1). In the interest in expediting dissemination of this material, the familiar formatting has been eliminated; this Letter serves as a summary of the key elements of the full protocol. url: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-020-04621-7 doi: 10.1186/s13063-020-04621-7 id: cord-022082-1dq623oe author: Greaves, Peter title: Respiratory Tract date: 2007-09-28 words: 19683.0 sentences: 935.0 pages: flesch: 31.0 cache: ./cache/cord-022082-1dq623oe.txt txt: ./txt/cord-022082-1dq623oe.txt summary: In the case of tulobuterol, a 32-adrenergic receptor agonist, it was argued that the nasal inflammation induced in rats in a one month inhalation toxicity study was the result of a particularly high exposure of the nasal epithelium to drug, not representative of the likely human exposure to tulobuterol by inhalation, where little or no nasal exposure would occur.^^ RP73401 [3cyclopentyloxy)-Ar-(3,5-dichloro-4-pyridy)-4-methoxybenzamide], a novel type IV phosphodiesterase inhibitor which was being developed for the treatment of asthma and rheumatoid arthritis, was also reported to produce degeneration of the olfactory epithelium in rats but neither dogs nor mice after single and repeated oral doses and by inhalation.^^ Histologically, the olfactory epithelium showed necrosis of the superflcial epithelial layers including the sustentacular and sensory cells, with sparing of the basal cell layer. abstract: The chapter describes different aspects of the respiratory tract. In preclinical safety studies, pathologies of the respiratory system can be a result of an intercurrent disease or can be induced by systemically administered drugs. Intranasal or inhalation modes of therapy pose particular challenges in terms of the formulations and technologies required to administer a drug. A complex technology is developed to support the assessment of adverse effects of inhaled substances in rodent and nonrodent species, and the extrapolation of experimental findings to humans. The nasal chambers are the structures that are first to be subjected to the effects of inhaled substances, whether microorganisms or chemical substances. In rodents, the relatively small size of the nose and nasal sinuses facilitates a histological examination. Findings show that infectious agents cause inflammation in the nose and nasal sinuses, and this may be associated with inflammation in the conjunctiva, the middle ear, and the oral cavity. It has been observed that a particular response of the rodent nasal mucosa to some irritant substances, including pharmaceutical agents, is the formation of rounded eosinophilic inclusions in the cytoplasm of sustentacular cells of the olfactory epithelium, and to a lesser extent in respiratory and glandular epithelial cells. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7152448/ doi: 10.1016/b978-044452771-4/50007-9 id: cord-320172-qw47pf9r author: Greaves, Peter title: VII Digestive System 1 date: 2000-12-31 words: 47375.0 sentences: 2238.0 pages: flesch: 40.0 cache: ./cache/cord-320172-qw47pf9r.txt txt: ./txt/cord-320172-qw47pf9r.txt summary: In common with other changes induced in the digestive tract of rats and cynomolgus monkeys by the administration of recombinant human epidermal growth factor, the tongue showed squamous epithelial hyperplasia characterised by a uniform increase in the thickness of the squamous epithelium in both species (Breider et al., 1996; Reindel et al., 1996) . Detailed study of hypertrophy, protein synthesis, and intracellular cAMP activity in the salivary glands of rats treated for 10 days with isoprenaline (isoproterenol), a series of β-adrenergic receptor agonists and the phosphodiesterase inhibitors, theophylline and caffeine, showed that similar effects occurred with all agents although differences in the degree of hypertrophy, the nature of pro-tein and glycoprotein synthesis and Golgi membrane enzyme activity were recorded (Wells and Humphreys-Beher, 1985) . Studies in the rat have shown that diffuse atrophy of the gastric glands characterised by a decrease in the number and size of parietal, chief and mucous cells occurs transiently following truncal vagotomy but histological features return to normal by about 1 month after surgery (Nakamura, 1985) . abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter deals with the digestive system. The major and minor salivary glands and their secretions also represent and integral part of the protective mechanism of the oral cavity, and derangement of saliva production may lead to loss of integrity of the oral mucosa. Drug-induced abnormalities of taste sensation are also well-described phenomena occurring in man although human studies are necessary for the detection of these effects. Inflammation of the oral cavity may involve the buccal mucosa, the gingiva (gingivitis), the tongue (glossitis), and the peridontal tissues (peridontitis). Therapeutic agents can induce inflammatory lesions in the tongue. Moreover, a protective layer of mucus, a visco-elastic material containing high molecular weight glycoproteins produced by the major and minor salivary glands, covers the stratified squamous mucosa of the oral cavity. Salivary secretions also possess digestive enzyme activity although in herbivores and carnivores, it is usually low in contrast to high digestive enzyme activity in omnivorous species. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/B9780444505149500073 doi: 10.1016/b978-044450514-9/50007-3 id: cord-279748-ycgpqs89 author: Gremi, Téa title: COVID-19 studies registration worldwide for prospective studies with a specific focus on the fast-tracking of French ethic procedures date: 2020-06-30 words: 138.0 sentences: 20.0 pages: flesch: 70.0 cache: ./cache/cord-279748-ycgpqs89.txt txt: ./txt/cord-279748-ycgpqs89.txt summary: key: cord-279748-ycgpqs89 authors: Gremi, Téa; Ginesy, Éric; Payen, Didier; Lefrant, Jean-Yves; Marin, Benoît title: COVID-19 studies registration worldwide for prospective studies with a specific focus on the fast-tracking of French ethic procedures date: 2020-06-30 journal: Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med DOI: 10.1016/j.accpm.2020.06.010 sha: doc_id: 279748 cord_uid: ycgpqs89 nan interventional, 899 (40%) observational, 37 not classified). Figure 1 shows the number of studies registered per country; 1289 (57%) studies are still recruiting and 138 were declared completed (6%). USA, China and France performed more than half of the studies worldwide (1202 studies (53%)). French legal approach to clinical research Ordonnance n° 2020-460 du 22 avril 2020 portant diverses mesures prises pour faire face à l''épidémie de covid-19 Notre ambition pour les industries de santé, 8ème Conseil stratégique des industries de santé (CSIS) abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32651096/ doi: 10.1016/j.accpm.2020.06.010 id: cord-015910-d9gxew91 author: Grimble, Robert F. title: The Interaction Between Nutrition and Inflammatory Stress Throughout the Life Cycle date: 2005 words: 15205.0 sentences: 709.0 pages: flesch: 40.0 cache: ./cache/cord-015910-d9gxew91.txt txt: ./txt/cord-015910-d9gxew91.txt summary: Binding of the transcription factors is implicated in activation of a wide range of genes associated with inflammation and the immune response, including those encoding cytokines, cytokine receptors, cell adhesion molecules, acute-phase proteins, and growth factors (Schreck, Rieber, & Baeurerle, 1991) (Fig. 4 ) . While inflammation may be exerting deleterious effects most obviously in patients, people on the borderline of health and disease living in the general population Table 4 Nutrients Commonly Used in Immunonutrient Supplements and Their Potential Mode of Action • n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids: act as anti-inflammatory agents and reverse immunosuppression • Sulfur amino acids and their precursors: enhance antioxidant status via GSH synthesis • Glutamine: nutrient for immune cells, improves gut barrier function, precursor for GSH • Arginine: stimulates nitric oxide and growth hormone production, improves helper T-cell numbers • Nucleotides: RNA and DNA precursors, improve T-cell function may also require nutritional modulation of ongoing inflammatory processes. abstract: The human race inhabits a world in which it is surrounded by a myriad of different microorganisms—yeasts, bacteria, protozoa, and viruses. Most of these are benign, and some, such as the normal gut flora, play an important part in promoting health via the synthesis of vitamins and stimulation of normal function of gut epithelia. Approximately 0.1% of microbes in our environment have catastrophic effects if they penetrate the epithelial surfaces of the body (Bryson, 2003). History reveals many instances in which armies have been defeated and civilizations have collapsed because of encounters between humans and such microorganisms (Diamond, 1999). url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7120013/ doi: 10.1385/1-59259-952-4:387 id: cord-343844-xe9tdjrm author: Guaiana, Giuseppe title: A Systematic Review of the Use of Telepsychiatry in Depression date: 2020-10-10 words: 3062.0 sentences: 170.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-343844-xe9tdjrm.txt txt: ./txt/cord-343844-xe9tdjrm.txt summary: This systematic review explores the literature on the use of televideo to diagnose and treat MDD, particularly acceptability and patient satisfaction, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness. Study eligibility criteria included: MDD as the condition of interest, use of televideo technology, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), Adult (18 years or older) population, any clinical setting, and any healthcare professional providing care. The goal of this review is to provide a systematic review on telepsychiatry in MDD and assess its face validity, acceptability by patients and cost-effectiveness compared to in-person care, so that providers will be better equipped to understand its advantages and potential drawbacks. The authors'' original intention, as specified in the protocol published on PROSPERO, was to conduct a meta-analysis of the use of telepsychiatry (meaning care provided by a psychiatrist using televideo) in depression for assessment and treatment looking at RCT only. abstract: Telepsychiatry, the use of televideo in psychiatric assessment and treatment, is utilized throughout Canada. Major depressive disorder (MDD) is common, with significant burdens of suffering and cost. This systematic review explores the literature on the use of televideo to diagnose and treat MDD, particularly acceptability and patient satisfaction, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness. A literature search was conducted for years 1946 to 2019. Study eligibility criteria included: MDD as the condition of interest, use of televideo technology, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), Adult (18 years or older) population, any clinical setting, and any healthcare professional providing care. The study must have included at least one of the following measures, satisfaction, efficacy, and cost-effectiveness. Fourteen studies were included. Satisfaction is equivalent to or significantly higher than face-to-face intervention. Both televideo and control groups found relief from depressive symptoms, with differences either statistically insignificant or in favour of televideo. Despite increased cost upfront for televideo due to the technology required, televideo would eventually be more cost-effective due to reducing travel expenses. Limitations include that there is little RCT data, and what exists often uses a collaborative treatment model. Many studies consisted solely of U.S. Veterans, and have limited generalizability. Further research needed to directly compare psychiatrist assessment over televideo versus in-person, and determine if particular patient subgroups benefit more from televideo or in-person intervention. Systematic review registration number: CRD42016048224. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33040191/ doi: 10.1007/s10597-020-00724-2 id: cord-336131-7xqi1mnx author: Gupta, Manika title: Preclinical Studies of MSC-Derived Extracellular Vesicles to Treat or Prevent Graft Versus Host Disease: a Systematic Review of the Literature date: 2020-11-07 words: 4703.0 sentences: 228.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-336131-7xqi1mnx.txt txt: ./txt/cord-336131-7xqi1mnx.txt summary: The use of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) appears promising and a systematic review of preclinical studies is needed to accelerate the design of translational studies. In brief, eligible studies included the treatment or prevention of GVHD in animal models and the use of MSC-EVs. Study design and outcome data were extracted and reporting was evaluated using the SYRCLE tool to identify potential bias. There is a need to perform a systematic review to identify the extent to which MSC-EVs are effective in treating or preventing GVHD and to inform potential future preclinical and clinical studies regarding the optimal method of isolating and administering EVs, including aspects such as dosing and route of administration and schedules of EV treatment. Extracellular vesicles released from human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells prevent lifethreatening acute graft-versus-host disease in a mouse model of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation abstract: INTRODUCTION: Treating and preventing graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) remains a significant challenge. The use of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) appears promising and a systematic review of preclinical studies is needed to accelerate the design of translational studies. METHODS: We identified 4 eligible studies from a systematic review performed on December 1, 2018. In brief, eligible studies included the treatment or prevention of GVHD in animal models and the use of MSC-EVs. Study design and outcome data were extracted and reporting was evaluated using the SYRCLE tool to identify potential bias. RESULTS: Two studies assessed the efficacy of MSC-EVs in treatment of GVHD and 2 studies address prevention. Mice treated with MSC-EVs showed improved median survival, GVHD clinical scores and histology scores as compared to untreated mice with GVHD. Prophylactic treatment with MSC-EVs attenuated GVHD severity and improved median survival as compared to no treatment or saline. CONCLUSION: Our systematic review provides important insight regarding the potential of MSC-EVs to treat or prevent GVHD. Although few studies were identified, improved survival and attenuated histologic findings of GVHD were observed in mice after MSC-EV administration for the treatment and prevention of GVHD. Dosing of EVs and route of administration remain inconsistent, however, and scalability of EV isolation for clinical studies remains a challenge. Standardized outcome reporting is needed to pool results for metanalysis. [Figure: see text] url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12015-020-10058-x doi: 10.1007/s12015-020-10058-x id: cord-000285-7p3b6tyf author: HARTERT, Tina V. title: The Tennessee Children''s Respiratory Initiative: Objectives, design and recruitment results of a prospective cohort study investigating infant viral respiratory illness and the development of asthma and allergic diseases date: 2010-04-08 words: 3846.0 sentences: 169.0 pages: flesch: 38.0 cache: ./cache/cord-000285-7p3b6tyf.txt txt: ./txt/cord-000285-7p3b6tyf.txt summary: The primary goals of the study are: (i) to investigate both the acute and the long-term health consequences of varying severity and aetiology of clinically significant viral respiratory tract infections on the outcomes of allergic rhinitis (AR) and early childhood asthma; and (ii) to identify the potentially modifiable factors that define children who are at greatest risk of developing asthma following infant respiratory viral infection. Thus, we designed the prospective TCRI to establish a base for the evaluation of both the risks and benefits of documented significant infant viral respiratory infection of varying severity and aetiology and other environmental exposures on childhood atopy outcomes and to establish a biospecimen repository for analyses including biomarker testing and genotyping. The TCRI is a prospective cohort of mother-infant dyads enrolled in a longitudinal investigation of the relationship of infant viral respiratory infection severity and aetiology and the interaction of other risk factors on the development of childhood asthma and allergic diseases. abstract: Background and objective: The ‘attack rate’ of asthma following viral lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) is about 3–4 fold higher than that of the general population; however, the majority of children who develop viral LRTI during infancy do not develop asthma, and asthma incidence has been observed to continuously decrease with age. Thus, we do not understand how viral LRTI either predispose or serve as a marker of children to develop asthma. The Tennessee Children's Respiratory Initiative has been established as a longitudinal prospective investigation of infants and their biological mothers. The primary goals are to investigate both the acute and the long‐term health consequences of varying severity and aetiology of clinically significant viral respiratory tract infections on early childhood outcomes. Methods: Over four respiratory viral seasons, 2004–2008, term, non‐low birth weight previously healthy infants and their biological mothers were enrolled during an infant's acute viral respiratory illness. Longitudinal follow up to age 6 years is ongoing. Results: This report describes the study objectives, design and recruitment results of the over 650 families enrolled in this longitudinal investigation. The Tennessee Children's Respiratory Initiative is additionally unique because it is designed in parallel with a large retrospective birth cohort of over 95 000 mother–infant dyads with similar objectives to investigate the role of respiratory viral infection severity and aetiology in the development of asthma. Conclusions: Future reports from this cohort will help to clarify the complex relationship between infant respiratory viral infection severity, aetiology, atopic predisposition and the subsequent development of early childhood asthma and atopic diseases. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2992986/ doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2010.01743.x id: cord-266031-tlrsco40 author: Haghani, Milad title: Covid-19 pandemic and the unprecedented mobilisation of scholarly efforts prompted by a health crisis: Scientometric comparisons across SARS, MERS and 2019-nCoV literature date: 2020-09-21 words: 7993.0 sentences: 356.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-266031-tlrsco40.txt txt: ./txt/cord-266031-tlrsco40.txt summary: To compare the scientometric aspects of the studies on SARS, MERS and Covid-19, three separate datasets of publications on these three topics were retrieved from Scopus through three separate search strategies. The decision on which general database to use (e.g. Web of Science (WoS) or Scopus) was mainly made on the basis of the number of indexed Covid-19 studies in particular, as the sector of the coronavirus literature that is currently emerging (compared to the literatures on SARS and MERS that have already stabilised). In this cluster, one can observe terms such as those associated with general public health including "wold health organisation", "public health", "public The map of keyword co-occurrences associated with the Covid-19 literature health service", "global health", as well as those associated with disease outbreaks including "emergency", "health risk" "epidemics", "pandemic", "outbreak", "viral diseases", "virus infection", "communicable disease", "transmission", "travel". abstract: During the current century, each major coronavirus outbreak has triggered a quick and immediate surge of academic publications on its respective topic. The spike in research publications following the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (Covid-19) outbreak, however, has been like no other. The global crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic has mobilised scientific efforts at an unprecedented scale. In less than 5 months, more than 12,000 research items and in less than seven months, more than 30,000 items were indexed, while it is projected that the number could exceed 80,000 by the end of 2020, should the current trend continues. With the health crisis affecting all aspects of life, research on Covid-19 seems to have become a focal point of interest across many academic disciplines. Here, scientometric aspects of the Covid-19 literature are analysed and contrasted with those of the two previous major coronavirus diseases, i.e., Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). The focus is on the co-occurrence of key-terms, bibliographic coupling and citation relations of journals and collaborations between countries. Interesting recurring patterns across all three literatures were discovered. All three outbreaks have commonly generated three distinct cohorts of studies: (i) studies linked to public health response and epidemic control, (ii) studies on chemical constitution of the virus; and (iii) studies related to treatment, vaccine and clinical care. While studies affiliated with category (i) seem to have been relatively earliest to emerge, they have overall received relatively smaller number of citations compared to publications the two other categories. Covid-19 studies seem to have been disseminated across a broader variety of journals and across a more diverse range of subject areas. Clear links are observed between the geographical origins of each outbreak as well as the local geographical severity of each outbreak and the magnitude of research originated from regions. Covid-19 studies also display the involvement of authors from a broader variety of countries compared to SARS and MERS. Considering the speed at which the Covid-19-related literature is accumulating, an interesting dimension that warrants further exploration could be to assess if the quality and rigour of these publications have been affected. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32981988/ doi: 10.1007/s11192-020-03706-z id: cord-300078-svu06v9c author: Haghani, Milad title: Covid-19 pandemic and the unprecedented mobilisation of scholarly efforts prompted by a health crisis: Scientometric comparisons across SARS, MERS and 2019-nCov literature date: 2020-06-01 words: 6365.0 sentences: 298.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-300078-svu06v9c.txt txt: ./txt/cord-300078-svu06v9c.txt summary: To compare the scientometric aspects of the studies on SARS, MERS and Covid-19, three separate datasets of publications on these three topics were retrieved from Scopus through three separate search strategies. Figures A1 and A2 in the Appendix illustrate the map associated with the SARS literature overlaid respectively with the average year of publication and average number of citations associated with the studies where these keywords have occurred. Maps of term occurrences based on the analysis of the title and abstract of studies on SARS, MERS and Covid-19 have also been presented in Figures 7, 8 and 9 respectively. An inspection of the maps overlaid with the average year of publications for SARS and MERS in Figures A1 and A3 in the Appendix suggests that, on average, this cohort of studies are generally the last to emerge in the published domain compared to the two other major clusters, but they receive relatively high citations on average (according to Figures A2, A4 and A6). abstract: During the current century, each major coronavirus outbreak has triggered a quick and immediate surge of academic publications on this topic. The spike in research publications following the 2019 Novel Coronavirus (Covid-19) outbreak, however, has been like no other. The global crisis caused by the Covid-19 pandemic has mobilised scientific efforts in an unprecedented way. In less than five months, more than 12,000 research items have been indexed while the number increasing every day. With the crisis affecting all aspects of life, research on Covid-19 seems to have become a focal point of interest across many academic disciplines. Here, scientometric aspects of the Covid-19 literature are analysed and contrasted with those of the two previous major Coronavirus diseases, i.e. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). The focus is on the co-occurrence of key-terms, bibliographic coupling and citation relations of journals and collaborations between countries. Certain recurring patterns across all three literatures were discovered. All three outbreaks have commonly generated three distinct and major cohort of studies: (i) studies linked to the public health response and epidemic control, (ii) studies associated with the chemical constitution of the virus and (iii) studies related to treatment, vaccine and clinical care. While studies affiliated with the category (i) seem to have been the first to emerge, they overall received least numbers of citations compared to those of the two other categories. Covid-19 studies seem to have been distributed across a broader variety of journals and subject areas. Clear links are observed between the geographical origins of each outbreak or the local geographical severity of each outbreak and the magnitude of research originated from regions. Covid-19 studies also display the involvement of authors from a broader variety of countries compared to SARS and MRS. url: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.31.126813 doi: 10.1101/2020.05.31.126813 id: cord-296888-z5x6zkht author: Hailay, Abrha title: The burden, admission, and outcomes of COVID-19 among asthmatic patients in Africa: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2020-09-04 words: 2760.0 sentences: 153.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-296888-z5x6zkht.txt txt: ./txt/cord-296888-z5x6zkht.txt summary: title: The burden, admission, and outcomes of COVID-19 among asthmatic patients in Africa: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis This research protocol will, therefore, be driven to conduct systematic review and meta-analysis of the Coronavirus Disease in 2019 burden, admission and outcome among Asthmatic patients in Africa. This research protocol will, therefore, be driven to conduct systematic review and meta-analysis of the COVID-19 burden, admission and outcome among asthmatic patients in Africa. Data extraction was including information: first author, publishing month, country and/or region, signs and symptoms, complications, diagnostic criteria, comorbidity, COVID-19, study Upon introduction pick. If there will be heterogeneity between studies, we will use a meta-analysis of random-effects [24] to estimate the aggregate pooled burden, admission and outcome of COVID-19 among asthmatic patients in Africa. This systematic review and meta-analysis will be expected to quantify the burden, admission and outcome of COVID-19 among asthmatic patients in Africa. abstract: BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak is the first reported case in Wuhan, China in December 2019 and suddenly became a major global health concern. According to the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, on August 4, 2020 the reported cases of coronavirus disease 2019 were 18,456,952 cases worldwide, 11,691,229 recovered with 697,719 deaths. Evidence on Burden, admission and outcome of Coronavirus Disease in 2019 among Asthmatic patients has not been published in Africa. This research protocol will, therefore, be driven to conduct systematic review and meta-analysis of the Coronavirus Disease in 2019 burden, admission and outcome among Asthmatic patients in Africa. METHODS: All observational studies among Asthmatic patients in Africa and written without language limitation will be included. A search technique was applied using Databases (PubMed / MEDLINE, EMBASE, HINARI, Cochrane Library, World Health Organization COVID-19 database, Africa Wide Knowledge and Web of Science). Two independent authors carried out data extraction and assess the risk of bias using a predetermined and structured method of data collection. We will use random-effects to estimate the overall pooled burden, admission and outcome of COVID-19 Asthmatic patients in Africa. To assess possible publication bias, funnel plot test and Egger’s test methods will be used. This systematic and meta-analysis review protocol will be reported based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis protocol guidelines. DISCUSSION: The description will be used to show the COVID-19 distribution data by interest variables such as residence, setting, and person-level characteristics. The findings of this review will notify health care professionals about the burden, admission and outcome of COVID − 19 in asthmatic patient, while providing evidence to bring about the requisite improvements in clinical practice for asthmatic patients. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: This review is registered in the PROSPERO International Prospective Register of Systematic reviews with the registration number of CRD42020202049. url: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40733-020-00061-x doi: 10.1186/s40733-020-00061-x id: cord-321827-e7zc44ca author: Halter, Mary title: The determinants and consequences of adult nursing staff turnover: a systematic review of systematic reviews date: 2017-12-15 words: 8773.0 sentences: 391.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-321827-e7zc44ca.txt txt: ./txt/cord-321827-e7zc44ca.txt summary: This paper reports on this overview, which aimed to identify high quality evidence of the determinants and consequences of turnover in nurses working in the field of adult health care services and bring that evidence together into one place to highlight where strong enough evidence to support managerial decisions exists and where gaps in the evidence may indicate the need for further research, particularly when considered in the context of the broader management literature regarding turnover. The empirical evidence shows that stress and issues concerning leadership consistently exert both direct and indirect effects on job satisfaction and intent to leave There are a number of published articles characterized by loosely defined terms The main reasons for reviews being in the moderate rather than strong evidence category were the lack of publication of an a priori protocol, varying levels of details about the search strategy performed, the failure to have two reviewers check the selection and data extraction, not providing a list of both included and excluded primary studies (with the exception of Toh et al. abstract: BACKGROUND: Nurses leaving their jobs and the profession are an issue of international concern, with supply-demand gaps for nurses reported to be widening. There is a large body of existing literature, much of which is already in review form. In order to advance the usefulness of the literature for nurse and human resource managers, we undertook an overview (review of systematic reviews). The aim of the overview was to identify high quality evidence of the determinants and consequences of turnover in adult nursing. METHODS: Reviews were identified which were published between 1990 and January 2015 in English using electronic databases (the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Applied Social Sciences Index and Abstracts, CINAHL plus and SCOPUS) and forward searching. All stages of the review were conducted in parallel by two reviewers. Reviews were quality appraised using the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews and their findings narratively synthesised. RESULTS: Nine reviews were included. We found that the current evidence is incomplete and has a number of important limitations. However, a body of moderate quality review evidence does exist giving a picture of multiple determinants of turnover in adult nursing, with - at the individual level - nurse stress and dissatisfaction being important factors and -at the organisational level - managerial style and supervisory support factors holding most weight. The consequences of turnover are only described in economic terms, but are considered significant. CONCLUSIONS: In making a quality assessment of the review as well as considering the quality of the included primary studies and specificity in the outcomes they measure, the overview found that the evidence is not as definitive as previously presented from individual reviews. Further research is required, of rigorous research design, whether quantitative or qualitative, particularly against the outcome of actual turnover as opposed to intention to leave. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO Registration 17 March 2015: CRD42015017613. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1186/s12913-017-2707-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29246221/ doi: 10.1186/s12913-017-2707-0 id: cord-319642-ceur0n0b author: Hamdan Alshehri, Hanan title: Factors influencing the integration of a palliative approach in intensive care units: a systematic mixed-methods review date: 2020-07-22 words: 5710.0 sentences: 318.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-319642-ceur0n0b.txt txt: ./txt/cord-319642-ceur0n0b.txt summary: RESULTS: Four key prerequisite factors were identified: (a) organizational structure in facilitating policies, unappropriated resources, multi-disciplinary team involvement, and knowledge and skills; (b) work environment, including physical and psychosocial factors; (c) interpersonal factors/barriers, including family and patients'' involvement in communication and participation; and (d) decision-making, e.g., decision and transition, goal conflict, multidisciplinary team communication, and prognostication. In general, a palliative approach aims to relieve suffering for patients with life-limiting conditions and for those who are dying and to manage symptoms, increase the level of care comfort and provide support to family members [8, 9] . Hence, there is a need to synthesize the findings of quantitative and qualitative research studies on the factors (facilitators and barriers) influencing a palliative approach in the ICU from the perspective of allied health professionals. Four types of influencing factors were identified: (1) organizational structures, (2) working environment, (3) patient and family involvement, and (4) palliative care decision-making. abstract: BACKGROUND: While a palliative approach is generally perceived to be an integral part of the intensive care unit (ICU), the provision of palliative care in this setting is challenging. This review aims to identify factors (barriers and facilitators) influencing a palliative approach in intensive care settings, as perceived by health care professionals. METHOD: A systematic mixed-methods review was conducted. Multiple electronic databases were used, and the following search terms were utilized: implementation, palliative care, and intensive care unit. In total, 1843 articles were screened, of which 24 met the research inclusion/exclusion criteria. A thematic synthesis method was used for both qualitative and quantitative studies. RESULTS: Four key prerequisite factors were identified: (a) organizational structure in facilitating policies, unappropriated resources, multi-disciplinary team involvement, and knowledge and skills; (b) work environment, including physical and psychosocial factors; (c) interpersonal factors/barriers, including family and patients’ involvement in communication and participation; and (d) decision-making, e.g., decision and transition, goal conflict, multidisciplinary team communication, and prognostication. CONCLUSION: Factors hindering the integration of a palliative approach in an intensive care context constitute a complex interplay among organizational structure, the care environment and clinicians’ perceptions and attitudes. While patient and family involvement was identified as an important facilitator of palliative care, it was also recognized as a barrier for clinicians due to challenges in shared goal setting and communication. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32698809/ doi: 10.1186/s12904-020-00616-y id: cord-330831-3b7vfv9b author: Hao, Fengyi title: A quantitative and qualitative study on the neuropsychiatric sequelae of acutely ill COVID-19 inpatients in isolation facilities date: 2020-10-19 words: 8241.0 sentences: 446.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-330831-3b7vfv9b.txt txt: ./txt/cord-330831-3b7vfv9b.txt summary: COVID-19 patients reported a higher psychological impact of the outbreak than psychiatric patients and healthy controls, with half of them having clinically significant symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder. Three themes emerged from the interviews with COVID-19 patients: (i) The emotions experienced by patients after COVID-19 infection (i.e., shock, fear, despair, hope, and boredom); (ii) the external factors that affected patients'' mood (i.e., discrimination, medical expenses, care by healthcare workers); and (iii) coping and self-help behavior (i.e., distraction, problem-solving and online support). However, there is currently limited research on the neuropsychiatric sequalae and psychological impact of COVID-19 patients, with one study so far reporting that most clinically stable patients suffered from significant posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms 9 . The present study performed a quantitative evaluation of the neuropsychiatric sequelae of patients with acute COVID-19 infection who received treatment in the hospital isolation wards, and compared these patients with psychiatric patients and healthy controls during the COVID-19 pandemic. abstract: This study examined the neuropsychiatric sequelae of acutely ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection who received treatment in hospital isolation wards during the COVID-19 pandemic. Ten COVID-19 patients who received treatment in various hospitals in Chongqing, China; 10 age- and gender-matched psychiatric patients; and 10 healthy control participants residing in the same city were recruited. All participants completed a survey that collected information on demographic data, physical symptoms in the past 14 days and psychological parameters. Face-to-face interviews with COVID-19 patients were also performed using semi-structured questions. Among the COVID-19 patients, 40% had abnormal findings on the chest computed topography scan, 20% had dysosmia, 10% had dysgeusia, and 80% had repeated positivity on COVID-19 reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction testing. COVID-19 and psychiatric patients were significantly more worried about their health than healthy controls (p = 0.019). A greater proportion of COVID-19 patients experienced impulsivity (p = 0.016) and insomnia (p = 0.039) than psychiatric patients and healthy controls. COVID-19 patients reported a higher psychological impact of the outbreak than psychiatric patients and healthy controls, with half of them having clinically significant symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder. COVID-19 and psychiatric patients had higher levels of depression, anxiety and stress than healthy controls. Three themes emerged from the interviews with COVID-19 patients: (i) The emotions experienced by patients after COVID-19 infection (i.e., shock, fear, despair, hope, and boredom); (ii) the external factors that affected patients’ mood (i.e., discrimination, medical expenses, care by healthcare workers); and (iii) coping and self-help behavior (i.e., distraction, problem-solving and online support). The future direction in COVID-19 management involves the development of a holistic inpatient service to promote immune and psychological resilience. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33077738/ doi: 10.1038/s41398-020-01039-2 id: cord-318063-bainw3d6 author: Haque, Mainul title: Health care-associated infections – an overview date: 2018-11-15 words: 8255.0 sentences: 534.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-318063-bainw3d6.txt txt: ./txt/cord-318063-bainw3d6.txt summary: Several studies suggest that simple infection-control procedures such as cleaning hands with an alcohol-based hand rub can help prevent HCAIs and save lives, reduce morbidity, and minimize health care costs. Health care-associated infections and prevention strategy About 68.6% of all bacterial isolates were resistant to cefuroxime used in the management of orthopedic SSIs. This study also found that diabetes mellitus, smoking, operations lasting more than 3 hours, the absence of antibiotic prophylaxis, and a history of previous surgery were positive risk factors associated with a significant upsurge in SSIs. 87 SSIs comprise at least 14%-22.2% of all HCAIs for abdominal surgery [88] [89] [90] and often lead to extended hospitalization and higher antimicrobial costs. Prevalence, incidence burden, and clinical impact of healthcare-associated infections and antimicrobial resistance: a national prevalent cohort study in acute care hospitals in Greece abstract: Health care-associated infections (HCAIs) are infections that occur while receiving health care, developed in a hospital or other health care facility that first appear 48 hours or more after hospital admission, or within 30 days after having received health care. Multiple studies indicate that the common types of adverse events affecting hospitalized patients are adverse drug events, HCAIs, and surgical complications. The US Center for Disease Control and Prevention identifies that nearly 1.7 million hospitalized patients annually acquire HCAIs while being treated for other health issues and that more than 98,000 patients (one in 17) die due to these. Several studies suggest that simple infection-control procedures such as cleaning hands with an alcohol-based hand rub can help prevent HCAIs and save lives, reduce morbidity, and minimize health care costs. Routine educational interventions for health care professionals can help change their hand-washing practices to prevent the spread of infection. In support of this, the WHO has produced guidelines to promote hand-washing practices among member countries. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30532565/ doi: 10.2147/idr.s177247 id: cord-320931-2ycf6qd8 author: Harnett, Joanna title: The effects of Sambucus nigra berry on acute respiratory viral infections: a rapid review of clinical studies date: 2020-08-22 words: 1772.0 sentences: 108.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-320931-2ycf6qd8.txt txt: ./txt/cord-320931-2ycf6qd8.txt summary: The evidence included in this review is mostly derived from clinical studies involving adult participants and examining short-term use of commercial formulations of S.nigra berry for up to 16 days. Findings from included studies suggest that mono-herbal preparations of S.nigra berry (in extract or lozenge formulation) may reduce influenza-type symptoms, including fever, headache, nasal congestion and nasal mucous discharge in adults, when taken within the first 48 hours of symptom onset. Evidence regarding the effectiveness of S.nigra berry on the symptom of cough, and need for / use of medicines (including antibiotics) to treat acute respiratory infections, is currently unclear and inconsistent. Overall, the evidence obtained from the five studies included in this review involving 936 people suggests that mono-herbal preparations of S.nigra berry when taken close to the onset of symptoms and for up to two weeks, may assist in relieving the symptoms of the common cold and influenza. abstract: nan url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aimed.2020.08.001 doi: 10.1016/j.aimed.2020.08.001 id: cord-256881-7sejcqda author: Heindel, Jerrold J. title: Data integration, analysis, and interpretation of eight academic CLARITY-BPA studies date: 2020-07-16 words: 24781.0 sentences: 1195.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-256881-7sejcqda.txt txt: ./txt/cord-256881-7sejcqda.txt summary: Additionally, we applied an integrative analysis approach by using rand Circos-plots generated with the mixOmics [21] program to identify correlations in BPA responses across organs collected from the same or comparable individual rats within this same consortium study, thus expanding our findings to a systems biology level to reveal strong organismal relationships at three different timepoints: 21 days of age (weaning), 90-120 days of age (young adult) and 6 months of age (older adult). Fenton (National Toxicology Program) (mostly using rat models); (2) DNA methylation profiles and concomitant alterations of gene expression at PND 21 are predictors of pathological outcomes that manifest during adulthood, which was done in collaboration with Dr. Shioda, Mass General Hospital); (3) perinatal exposure to BPA induces abnormal post-pubertal/adult development of the mammary gland; and (4) BPA generates non-monotonic dose-response curves. abstract: “Consortium Linking Academic and Regulatory Insights on BPA Toxicity” (CLARITY-BPA) was a comprehensive “industry-standard” Good Laboratory Practice (GLP)-compliant 2-year chronic exposure study of bisphenol A (BPA) toxicity that was supplemented by hypothesis-driven independent investigator-initiated studies. The investigator-initiated studies were focused on integrating disease-associated, molecular, and physiological endpoints previously found by academic scientists into an industry standard guideline-compliant toxicity study. Thus, the goal of this collaboration was to provide a more comprehensive dataset upon which to base safety standards and to determine whether industry-standard tests are as sensitive and predictive as molecular and disease-associated endpoints. The goal of this report is to integrate the findings from the investigator-initiated studies into a comprehensive overview of the observed impacts of BPA across the multiple organs and systems analyzed. For each organ system, we provide the rationale for the study, an overview of methodology, and summarize major findings. We then compare the results of the CLARITY-BPA studies across organ systems with the results of previous peer-reviewed studies from independent labs. Finally, we discuss potential influences that contributed to differences between studies. Developmental exposure to BPA can lead to adverse effects in multiple organs systems, including the brain, prostate gland, urinary tract, ovary, mammary gland, and heart. As published previously, many effects were at the lowest dose tested, 2.5μg/kg /day, and many of the responses were non-monotonic. Because the low dose of BPA affected endpoints in the same animals across organs evaluated in different labs, we conclude that these are biologically – and toxicologically – relevant. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0890623820301507 doi: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2020.05.014 id: cord-304510-sfhwaqfr author: Henssler, Jonathan title: Mental health effects of infection containment strategies: quarantine and isolation—a systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2020-10-06 words: 5306.0 sentences: 261.0 pages: flesch: 35.0 cache: ./cache/cord-304510-sfhwaqfr.txt txt: ./txt/cord-304510-sfhwaqfr.txt summary: It has been suggested that vulnerable populations at risk for negative psychological outcomes before implementation of containment strategies, e.g. persons with mental illness, low income, or lack of social network, may be at particular greater risk during and after quarantine or isolation [4] . We, therefore, conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis of the mental health effects of quarantine and isolation, based on controlled primary study data. For isolated/quarantined individuals, dissatisfaction with containment measures, supply, or the relationship to healthcare-personnel was associated with higher levels of anxiety and anger [13] , stress-related disorders/PTSD (2 studies [8, 14] ) and lower general mental health [8] . Large groups of the general population may be affected, but individuals who are already facing psychosocial adversities before quarantine or isolation (including persons with low income, lack of social networks, or mental health problems) appear to be among those vulnerable groups at greatest risk for negative psychological outcomes. abstract: Due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, an unprecedented number of people worldwide is currently affected by quarantine or isolation. These measures have been suggested to negatively impact on mental health. We conducted the first systematic literature review and meta-analysis assessing the psychological effects in both quarantined and isolated persons compared to non-quarantined and non-isolated persons. PubMed, PsycINFO, and Embase databases were searched for studies until April 22, 2020 (Prospero Registration-No.: CRD42020180043). We followed PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines for data extraction and synthesis and the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale for assessing risk of bias of included studies. A random-effects model was implemented to pool effect sizes of included studies. The primary outcomes were depression, anxiety, and stress-related disorders. All other psychological parameters, such as anger, were reported as secondary outcomes. Out of 6807 screened articles, 25 studies were included in our analyses. Compared to controls, individuals experiencing isolation or quarantine were at increased risk for adverse mental health outcomes, particularly after containment duration of 1 week or longer. Effect sizes were summarized for depressive disorders (odds ratio 2.795; 95% CI 1.467–5.324), anxiety disorders (odds ratio 2.0; 95% CI 0.883–4.527), and stress-related disorders (odds ratio 2.742; 95% CI 1.496–5.027). Among secondary outcomes, elevated levels of anger were reported most consistently. There is compelling evidence for adverse mental health effects of isolation and quarantine, in particular depression, anxiety, stress-related disorders, and anger. Reported determinants can help identify populations at risk and our findings may serve as an evidence-base for prevention and management strategies. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1007/s00406-020-01196-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00406-020-01196-x doi: 10.1007/s00406-020-01196-x id: cord-334711-58ygbyiz author: Hernández-Sánchez, Brizeida Raquel title: Psychological Factors that Lessen the Impact of COVID-19 on the Self-Employment Intention of Business Administration and Economics’ Students from Latin America date: 2020-07-22 words: 8579.0 sentences: 470.0 pages: flesch: 32.0 cache: ./cache/cord-334711-58ygbyiz.txt txt: ./txt/cord-334711-58ygbyiz.txt summary: To meet these goals, we conducted an explorative study with a sample of college students to examine the effects of Covid-19 pandemic perception, psychological need satisfaction, proactiveness, and optimism are in entrepreneurial intentions. This research will focus on four characteristics, namely proactiveness, optimism, the Covid-19 pandemic perception, and psychological need satisfaction, to quantify the relationship between these four traits of the students and their entrepreneurial intention. First, through a representative sample of Latin American university students, this study aims to analyze the relationships between proactiveness, optimism, Covid-19 pandemic perception, psychological need satisfaction, and entrepreneurial intention in an adverse situation, as it is this current pandemic. Second, the current study focuses primarily on how the Covid-19 pandemic perception and need satisfaction mediate the predictive effects of student proactivity and optimism on entrepreneurial intention. abstract: Background: The 2019 coronavirus disease epidemic (Covid-19) is a public health emergency of international concern and poses a challenge to the labor market. The pandemic has a devastating and disproportionate effect on young workers, their interest in entrepreneurship, and their mental health. Research is needed to develop evidence-based strategies to improve coping and reduce adverse psychological problems. The objective of this study was to analyze the impact that Covid-19 pandemic perception and psychological need satisfaction have on university students and their self-employment intention. In addition, we also analyzed the role of moderation played by psychological aspects. These psychological factors (i.e., Optimism and Proactiveness) can also improve young people’s mental health and well-being. Methods: An explorative study (online survey) was conducted in March 2020 934 university students from Latin America. Regression analysis models were built to examine the relationships between Covid-19 pandemic perception, personality variables, and entrepreneurial intention. Mediation models, through the bootstrapping method, were performed to analyze the mediating role of proactiveness and optimism. Results: Results indicate that students’ perception of Covid-19 and psychological need satisfaction are associated with entrepreneurial intention. Additionally, the present study argues that proactiveness and optimism mediate these relationships. Conclusions: This study identifies psychological factors associated with a lower level of Covid-19 impact and that can be used for psychological interventions that result in an improvement in the mental health of these vulnerable groups during and after the Covid-19 pandemic. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32708034/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17155293 id: cord-265299-oovkoiyj author: Hickman, D.L. title: Commonly Used Animal Models date: 2016-11-25 words: 14966.0 sentences: 817.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-265299-oovkoiyj.txt txt: ./txt/cord-265299-oovkoiyj.txt summary: The Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, 8th edition (National Research Council, 2011) is an internationally accepted document that outlines and discusses globally accepted environmental parameters for housing different species of animals including the mouse. Rats have been used as animal models in numerous areas of research from space exploration to answering more basic scientific questions regarding nutrition, genetics, immunology, neurology, infectious disease, metabolic disease, and behavior. Being social creatures, ideally rabbits should be housed in compatible pairs or trios unless contraindicated by the research objectives or by incompatibility of the animals (Sohn and Couto, 2012) . Rabbits are very easily heat stressed and thus must be kept at significantly lower temperatures than other laboratory animals like rats and mice. Historically, chickens (Gallus domesticus) are the most common bird species studied in biomedical and agricultural research and are a classic model in areas such as immunology, virology, infectious disease, embryology, and toxicology (Scanes and McNabb, 2003; Kaiser, 2012) . abstract: This chapter provides an introduction to animals that are commonly used for research. It presents information on basic care topics such as biology, behavior, housing, feeding, sexing, and breeding of these animals. The chapter provides some insight into the reasons why these animals are used in research. It also gives an overview of techniques that can be utilized to collect blood or to administer drugs or medicine. Each section concludes with a brief description of how to recognize abnormal signs, in addition to lists of various diseases. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128021514000074 doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-802151-4.00007-4 id: cord-335141-ag3j8obh author: Higgins, G.C. title: FFP3 reusable respirators for COVID-19; adequate and suitable in the healthcare setting date: 2020-06-30 words: 22051.0 sentences: 1230.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-335141-ag3j8obh.txt txt: ./txt/cord-335141-ag3j8obh.txt summary: The British Association of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons, the British Society for Surgery of the Hand and the Royal College of Surgeons of England, have all issued guidance: both encouraging patients to avoid risky pursuits, which could result in accidental injuries and to members how to prioritise and optimise services for trauma and urgent cancer work. We have adapted our Hand Trauma Service to a ''One Stop Hand Trauma and Therapy'' clinic, where patients are assessed, definitive surgery performed and offered immediate post-operative hand therapy where therapists make splint and give specialist advice on wound care and rehabilitation including an illustrated hand therapy guide. Local assessment of our practice is ongoing but we have found that this model has enabled a cohort of vulnerable plastic surgery trainees to successfully continue to work whilst reducing the risk of exposure to COVID-19 and providing gold standard care for patients. abstract: nan url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjps.2020.06.002 doi: 10.1016/j.bjps.2020.06.002 id: cord-004314-gtwtakpr author: Holmen, Heidi title: Working with patients suffering from chronic diseases can be a balancing act for health care professionals - a meta-synthesis of qualitative studies date: 2020-02-10 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: BACKGROUND: The number of patients with long-term chronic diseases is increasing. These patients place a strain on health care systems and health care professionals (HCPs). Presently, we aimed to systematically review the literature on HCPs’ experiences working with patients with long-term chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and chronic kidney disease (CKD). METHOD: A systematic search of papers published between 2002 and July 2019 was conducted in the Embase, AMED, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and COCHRANE databases to identify studies reporting qualitative interviews addressing HCPs’ experiences working with adults with COPD, CKD or type 2 diabetes. An interdisciplinary research group were involved in all phases of the study. With the help of NVivo, extracts of each paper were coded, and codes were compared across papers and refined using translational analysis. Further codes were clustered in categories that in turn formed overarching themes. RESULTS: Our comprehensive search identified 4170 citations. Of these, 20 papers met our inclusion criteria. Regarding HCPs’ experiences working with patients with COPD, CKD, or type 2 diabetes, we developed 10 sub-categories that formed three overarching main themes of work experiences: 1) individualizing one’s professional approach within the clinical encounter; 2) managing one’s emotions over time; 3) working to maintain professionalism. Overall these three themes suggest that HCPs’ work is a complex balancing act depending on the interaction between patient and professional, reality and professional ideals, and contextual support and managing one’s own emotions. CONCLUSION: Few qualitative studies highlighted HCPs’ general working experiences, as they mainly focused on the patients’ experiences or HCPs’ experiences of using particular clinical procedures. This study brings new insights about the complexity embedded in HCPs’ work in terms of weighing different, often contrasting aspects, in order to deliver appropriate practice. Acknowledging, discussing and supporting this complexity can empower HCPs to avoid burning out. Leaders, health organizations, and educational institutions have a particular responsibility to provide HCPs with thorough professional knowledge and systematic support. TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO number: CRD42019119052. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7011477/ doi: 10.1186/s12913-019-4826-2 id: cord-034339-1fgbubsc author: Holz, N. E. title: Kohortenstudien in der Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie date: 2020-10-28 words: 3140.0 sentences: 342.0 pages: flesch: 39.0 cache: ./cache/cord-034339-1fgbubsc.txt txt: ./txt/cord-034339-1fgbubsc.txt summary: BACKGROUND: Longitudinal cohort studies with early start and life span perspectives are increasingly recognized as being crucial to uncover developmental trajectories as well as risk and resilience factors of psychiatric disorders. OBJECTIVE: The importance of longitudinal studies is presented and the main findings of the Mannheim study of children at risk (MARS), the adolescent brain cognitive development (ABCD), the pediatric and adolescent health survey (Kinderund Jugendgesundheitssurvey, KiGGS) and the AIMS longitudinal European autism project (LEAP) cohort studies are described. Longitudinal cohort studies with early start and life span perspectives are increasingly recognized as being crucial to uncover developmental trajectories as well as risk and resilience factors of psychiatric disorders. Die US-basierte ABCD(Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development)-Studie untersucht die Hirnentwicklung von der Kindheit bis ins Jugendalter mit dem Ziel, sowohl biologische als auch umweltbasierte Faktoren, die die Entwicklungsverläufe insbesondere im Hinblick auf Suchterkrankungen beeinflussen, aufzudecken. abstract: BACKGROUND: Longitudinal cohort studies with early start and life span perspectives are increasingly recognized as being crucial to uncover developmental trajectories as well as risk and resilience factors of psychiatric disorders. OBJECTIVE: The importance of longitudinal studies is presented and the main findings of the Mannheim study of children at risk (MARS), the adolescent brain cognitive development (ABCD), the pediatric and adolescent health survey (Kinder- und Jugendgesundheitssurvey, KiGGS) and the AIMS longitudinal European autism project (LEAP) cohort studies are described. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A literature search was carried out in MEDLINE. RESULTS: The MARS followed participants with psychosocial and organic risks over more than 30 years starting from birth and showed the importance of early risk factors (prenatal period up to early childhood) for neuropsychosocial development. The ABCD cohort study (start 9–10 years old) underlined the developmental significance of early socioemotional and prenatal risks as well as toxin exposure. The KiGGS cohort followed children and adolescents from age 0–17 years up to the ages of 10–28 years. Main findings underline the importance of the socioeconomic status and gender-specific effects with respect to sensitive periods for the onset and trajectories of psychiatric disorders. The AIMS cohort followed patients with and without autism spectrum disorders aged between 6 and 30 years and first results revealed small effects regarding group differences. Further, cohort studies starting prenatally along with deep phenotyping are warranted to uncover the complex etiology of mental disorders. CONCLUSION: Existing cohort studies on early mental development have shown specific focal points. To identify general and specific risk and resilience factors for psychiatric disorders and to model trajectories, there is a need for multimodal integration of data sets. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7592144/ doi: 10.1007/s00115-020-01018-4 id: cord-307758-a4sgt66g author: Hong, Ching-Ye title: Acute respiratory symptoms in adults in general practice date: 2004-06-17 words: 3927.0 sentences: 241.0 pages: flesch: 56.0 cache: ./cache/cord-307758-a4sgt66g.txt txt: ./txt/cord-307758-a4sgt66g.txt summary: Community studies have shown that ∼30% of patients with acute respiratory tract symptoms have no identifiable infective aetiology. The purpose of this study was to determine the infective aetiology in patients who presented to primary care doctors with acute respiratory symptoms. Data collection was through interview using structured questionnaire, physical examination, throat swabs for bacterial culture and nasal swabs for virus identification by immunofluorescence (IF) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The main objective of our study was therefore to determine the aetiological cause in patients who presented with acute respiratory symptoms in nine primary care clinics in Singapore, using bacterial culture, IF and PCR. To our knowledge, this is the first practice-based study on the aetiological diagnosis of a large group of patients presenting with URTI in primary care clinics in Asia, using IF and PCR as identification methods. abstract: Background. Community studies have shown that ∼30% of patients with acute respiratory tract symptoms have no identifiable infective aetiology. This may not be applicable in general practice. Objective. The purpose of this study was to determine the infective aetiology in patients who presented to primary care doctors with acute respiratory symptoms. Methods. A prospective study was carried out in all nine primary care clinics belonging to the National Healthcare Group Polyclinics (NHGPs) in Singapore. The subjects comprised 594 consecutive patients (318 males, 276 females) aged ≥21 years who presented with complaints of any one of cough, nasal or throat symptoms of <7 days duration. Data collection was through interview using structured questionnaire, physical examination, throat swabs for bacterial culture and nasal swabs for virus identification by immunofluorescence (IF) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Additional PCR was performed on a subsample of 100 patients. Patients were followed-up until resolution of symptoms. Results. The aetiological diagnosis by infective agent is as follows: 150 patients (25.2%) had virus infections, of which 90.7% (136/150) were by rhinovirus. Fourteen patients (2.4%) had bacterial infections, of which 10 were due to group G streptococcus. Group A streptococcus was not detected. Nineteen patients with new pathogens were identified by further PCR. These included parainfluenza 4, human coronavirus OC43, adenovirus, enterovirus and Chlamydia pneumoniae. No pathogen could be identified in 49% of patients. There were no differences in clinical presentation and socio-demographic variables between patients who had viral infections and those in whom no pathogen could be identified. Conclusion. In about half of patients who presented at NHGPs, no pathogens could be identified even after PCR. A non-infective aetiology could be considered in these patients. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15128697/ doi: 10.1093/fampra/cmh319 id: cord-292209-d1ty9etr author: Horta, Bernardo L title: Prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 according to socioeconomic and ethnic status in a nationwide Brazilian survey date: 2020-10-29 words: 4330.0 sentences: 247.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-292209-d1ty9etr.txt txt: ./txt/cord-292209-d1ty9etr.txt summary: Subjects answered a questionnaire on household assets, schooling and self-reported skin color/ethnicity using the standard Brazilian classification in five categories: white, black, brown, Asian or indigenous. The present analyses were aimed at assessing socioeconomic and ethnic group inequalities in prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in 133 sentinel cities throughout Brazil, as part of the EPICOVID-19 study (www.epicovid19brasil.org). In summary, the analyses of the three waves of national serological surveys in Brazil showed important inequalities in the prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 according to family wealth, education and ethnic groups. Yet, even after adjustment for region, indigenous individuals were about twice as likely as whites to present antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, and in the national analyses including adjustment for region of the country and socioeconomic status, the prevalence ratio remained at around two. abstract: OBJECTIVES. To investigate socioeconomic and ethnic group inequalities in prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in the 27 federative units of Brazil. METHODS. In this cross-sectional study, three household surveys were carried out on May 14-21, June 4-7, and June 21-24, 2020 in 133 Brazilian urban areas. Multi-stage sampling was used to select 250 individuals in each city to undergo a rapid antibody test. Subjects answered a questionnaire on household assets, schooling and self-reported skin color/ethnicity using the standard Brazilian classification in five categories: white, black, brown, Asian or indigenous. Principal component analyses of assets was used to classify socioeconomic position into five wealth quintiles. Poisson regression was used for the analyses. RESULTS. 25 025 subjects were tested in the first, 31 165 in the second, and 33 207 in the third wave of the survey, with prevalence of positive results equal to 1.4%, 2.4%, and 2.9% respectively. Individuals in the poorest quintile were 2.16 times (95% confidence interval 1.86; 2.51) more likely to test positive than those in the wealthiest quintile, and those with 12 or more years of schooling had lower prevalence than subjects with less education. Indigenous individuals had 4.71 (3.65; 6.08) times higher prevalence than whites, as did those with black or brown skin color. Adjustment for region of the country reduced the prevalence ratios according to wealth, education and ethnicity, but results remained statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS. The prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in Brazil shows steep class and ethnic gradients, with lowest risks among white, educated and wealthy individuals. url: https://doi.org/10.26633/rpsp.2020.135 doi: 10.26633/rpsp.2020.135 id: cord-295575-zgta5ah8 author: Howard, Evin title: The Impact of Ambient Environmental Exposures to Microbial Products on Asthma Outcomes from Birth to Childhood date: 2019-11-28 words: 6929.0 sentences: 351.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-295575-zgta5ah8.txt txt: ./txt/cord-295575-zgta5ah8.txt summary: The purpose of this literature review was to specifically examine asthma outcomes related to environmental exposures to microbial products, pertaining to endotoxin from bacteria-(1,3)-β-D-glucan and ergosterol from fungus, and common viruses associated with worsening asthma morbidity (rhinovirus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), enterovirus, and the influenza virus) during infancy, and to assess the risk of asthma development later in childhood [15] [16] [17] [18] (see Table 1 ). conducted a prospective longitudinal study examining whether early exposure to microbial products in dust was associated with allergy and asthma later in childhood for children in suburban areas using the following three birth cohort studies for children born between 1996 and 1999: [24••] , dust samples were collected from children''s mattresses, bedroom floors, and living room floors; and showed no association between endotoxin nor the fungal membrane lipid ergosterol in the development of asthma with exposure from birth to 7 years of age. abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition with increasing domestic and worldwide prevalence that burdens individuals and the healthcare system with high costs associated with long-term treatments and acute emergency room (ER) visits. It can be triggered by ambient microbes, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi. In this review, we examine the outcomes of asthma patients in relation to environmental exposures to ambient microbe products, focusing on whether exposure leads to asthma development from birth to childhood and if particular microbes are associated with worsened asthma exacerbations. RECENT FINDINGS: Bacterial endotoxin is more prominent in homes with pets and may cause cytokine cascades that lead to asthma exacerbation. However, some studies have demonstrated a protective effect with early exposure. Patients with positive Aspergillus skin testing are more prone to moderate-severe or severe-uncontrolled asthma. Fungal sensitization is also associated with earlier onset of asthma and demonstrates a dose-dependent relationship of symptom severity and duration. Among viruses, rhinovirus has the greatest association with decreased lung function, severe asthma, and asthma-related hospital admissions. Distribution of microbial products and associated asthma symptoms depends on the geographical climate. Genetic variations among individuals also mitigate the effects of microbial products on asthma development and symptom severity. SUMMARY: Microbial products of bacteria, fungi, and viruses are associated with the development of asthma, more severe asthma symptoms, and worse outcomes. However, some early exposure studies have also demonstrated a protective effect. Bacterial and fungal products are related to decreased lung function and earlier onset of asthma. Viral products are related to asthma-associated hospital admissions; and the climate and patient genetics can also temper or intensify the relationships between microbial products, asthma development, and asthma symptom severity. Further research should focus on the effects of early microbe exposure and its interaction with human immune systems and asthma-related outcomes. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11882-019-0890-2 doi: 10.1007/s11882-019-0890-2 id: cord-324453-gei7os7s author: Hura, Nanki title: Treatment of post‐viral olfactory dysfunction: an evidence‐based review with recommendations date: 2020-06-25 words: 5229.0 sentences: 326.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-324453-gei7os7s.txt txt: ./txt/cord-324453-gei7os7s.txt summary: Studies with defined olfactory outcomes of patients treated for PVOD following medical, surgical, acupuncture, or olfactory training interventions were included. Though some pharmacological investigations offer promising preliminary results for systemic and topical medications alike, a paucity of high‐quality studies limits the ability to make meaningful evidence‐based recommendations for the use of these therapies for the treatment of PVOD. A focused literature search was performed using a combination of the following keywords: "post-viral olfactory dysfunction," "anosmia," "dysosmia," "parosmia," "olfaction disorders," "olfactory impairment," "olfactory disturbance," "olfactory loss," "smell disorder," "viral infection," "virus," "viral disease," "common cold," and "respiratory tract infection." Additional records were identified by examining the references of articles obtained for review. Studies investigating the effects of medical, surgical, or olfactory training interventions on olfaction in patients with PVOD were included. In regard to antibiotic treatment, 1 RCT of 55 patients with PVOD studying minocycline demonstrated that the medication was well tolerated, but there was no difference in overall TDI scores between the group receiving minocycline and the group receiving the placebo (p = 0.55). abstract: BACKGROUND: Post‐viral olfactory dysfunction (PVOD) is one of the most common causes of olfactory loss. Despite its prevalence, optimal treatment strategies remain unclear. This article provides a comprehensive review of PVOD treatment options and provides evidence‐based recommendations for their use. METHODS: A systematic review of the Medline, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases was completed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies with defined olfactory outcomes of patients treated for PVOD following medical, surgical, acupuncture, or olfactory training interventions were included. The Clinical Practice Guideline Development Manual and Conference on Guideline Standardization (COGS) instrument recommendations were followed in accordance with a previously described, rigorous, iterative process to create an evidence‐based review with recommendations. RESULTS: From 552 initial candidate articles, 36 studies with data for 2183 patients with PVOD were ultimately included. The most common method to assess olfactory outcomes was Sniffin’ Sticks. Broad treatment categories included: olfactory training, systemic steroids, topical therapies, a variety of heterogeneous non‐steroidal oral medications, and acupuncture. CONCLUSION: Based on the available evidence, olfactory training is a recommendation for the treatment of PVOD. The use of short‐term systemic and/or topical steroids is an option in select patients after careful consideration of potential risks of oral steroids. Though some pharmacological investigations offer promising preliminary results for systemic and topical medications alike, a paucity of high‐quality studies limits the ability to make meaningful evidence‐based recommendations for the use of these therapies for the treatment of PVOD. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32567798/ doi: 10.1002/alr.22624 id: cord-278246-mnj0zmkn author: Hussain, Nowair title: A Meta-Analysis on the Effects of Hydroxychloroquine on COVID-19 date: 2020-08-24 words: 2986.0 sentences: 170.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-278246-mnj0zmkn.txt txt: ./txt/cord-278246-mnj0zmkn.txt summary: HCQ treated patients had higher rates of adverse clinical outcomes and side effects compared with the control populations. The treatment of COVID-19 positive patients with HCQ has been met with controversy, as there have been no large multicenter randomized control trials to support its use. Studies 1 and 2 both do not cross the effect line at 0, indicating that they are not in agreement with the mortality rate of HCQ treated COVID-19 positive patients. All studies, except Study 6, are in agreement with the results of a disease progression rate of HCQ treatment in patients with COVID [19] . These results seem to be in line with the meta-analysis'' of a slight disease improvement in COVID-19 patients treated with HCQ as compared with the controls. Our study looks at three disease outcome measures of treatment with HCQ in patients with COVID-19: mortality rates, progression rates, and severity rates. abstract: Introduction Since December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rapidly spread throughout the world with a large medical and economic impact. On March 12, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) classified SARS-CoV-2 as a pandemic. As a result of this worldwide public health crisis, politicians, elected officials, and healthcare professionals emergently began trialing hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in efforts to treat and prevent the transmission of the virus. This meta-analysis was performed to assess the effects of HCQ on patients with COVID-19. Methods This meta-analysis adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRIMA) guidelines. Selected articles published between December 2019 and July 2020 were found utilizing the following search engines: PubMed, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, DisasterLit, Clinicaltrials.gov, Medrxiv, and Embase. Two independent physician reviewers screened eligible articles that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria of the analysis. The outcome measures analyzed were mortality rate, rate of disease progression/improvement, rate of disease severity, and adverse effects of treatment. Six out of 14 studies that met the study’s eligibility criteria were selected and further analyzed, with a total of 381 participants (n= 381). Conclusion From the studies analyzed, it was found that groups treated with HCQ had an overall mortality rate that was 2.5 times greater than that of the control group. HCQ treated patients had higher rates of adverse clinical outcomes and side effects compared with the control populations. Lastly, there was a 1.2 times higher rate of improvement in the group of HCQ treated patients with mild to moderate symptoms as compared to the control group. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32983702/ doi: 10.7759/cureus.10005 id: cord-262127-zpt0kamn author: Hussaindeen, Jameel Rizwana title: Accommodative Insufficiency: Prevalence, Impact and Treatment Options date: 2020-09-11 words: 7279.0 sentences: 416.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-262127-zpt0kamn.txt txt: ./txt/cord-262127-zpt0kamn.txt summary: METHODS: PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane Collaboration search engines were used with the keywords prevalence, accommodative insufficiency, symptoms, plus lens, vision therapy and treatment. 36 Sterner et al in 2006 studied the relationship between subjective symptoms and reduced accommodative amplitude among children in the age group 6-10 years. Near addition plus lenses, vision therapy and accommodative facility training are the most commonly recommended and practiced treatment options. In a small sample of 19 children with a mean age of 10 years randomized to home-based ±1.50 DS accommodative flipper training and +1.00 DS reading addition, improvements in accommodative amplitudes and symptoms were reported in both the treatment arms, with better improvements in the facility group. A 2019 RCT by the Convergence Insufficiency Treatment Trial: Attention and Reading Trial (CITT-ART) study group showed that vision therapy for CI did not improve reading performance on standardized reading tests. abstract: PURPOSE: Accommodative insufficiency (AI), defined as the inability to stimulate accommodation in pre-presbyopic individuals, has gained much attention over recent years. Despite the enormity of the available information, there is a significant lack of clarity regarding the criteria for definition, methodology adopted for testing and diagnosis, and the varied prevalence across the globe. This review aims to gather evidence that is pertinent to the prevalence, impact and efficacy of available treatment options for AI. METHODS: PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane Collaboration search engines were used with the keywords prevalence, accommodative insufficiency, symptoms, plus lens, vision therapy and treatment. Peer-reviewed articles published between 1992 and 2019 were included in the review. After reviewing the studies for study methodology and robustness, 83 articles were chosen for this literature review. RESULTS: The prevalence of AI ranges between <1.00% and 61.6% across studies. The prevalence shows considerable variation across ethnicities and age groups. There is significant variation in the study methodology, diagnostic criteria and number of tests performed to arrive at the diagnosis. Not many studies have explored the prevalence beyond 20 years of age. The prevalence of AI is high among children with special needs. There is no high-quality evidence regarding the standard treatment protocol for AI. Both vision therapy and low plus lenses have shown efficacy in independent studies, and no studies have compared these two treatment options. CONCLUSION: The understanding of AI prevalence is currently limited owing to the lack of a standard set of diagnostic criteria and wide variations in the study methodology. There is a lack of high-quality evidence suggesting the best possible treatment for AI. The current gaps in the literature have been identified and future scope for exploration is elucidated. url: https://doi.org/10.2147/opto.s224216 doi: 10.2147/opto.s224216 id: cord-317344-wznzmssz author: Iannitti, T. title: Therapeutical use of probiotic formulations in clinical practice date: 2010-06-23 words: 24517.0 sentences: 1157.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-317344-wznzmssz.txt txt: ./txt/cord-317344-wznzmssz.txt summary: Now we are going to report some of the several studies involving the use of probiotic formulations to evaluate their efficacy for the treatment of allergic diseases basing on their ability to change either the composition and/or the metabolic activities of the microbiota or modulate immune system reactivity in a way that benefits health. One hundred and sixteen patients with IBS fulfilling the Rome II criteria were randomized in a parallel group, double-blind study to receive a placebo or a probiotic combination (1  10 10 cfu) once daily for four weeks. This randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study aimed at determining the efficacy of a probiotic drink containing Lactobacillus for the prevention of any diarrhea associated with antibiotic use and caused by Clostridium difficile. abstract: BACKGROUND & AIMS: The spreading of gastrointestinal diseases is growing all over the world. Although for some of them an effective therapeutic approach has been found, palliation rather than cure is very frequent due to a partial knowledge of their aethiology and pathogenesis. This review, analyzing the main clinical studies, aims at being a state of the art update of the use of probiotic formulations in daily practice. METHODS: In this review we include all the most significant clinical trials involving the use of probiotic formulations for the treatment of several pathologies. RESULTS: Dysbiosis has been observed in irritable bowel syndrome patients. Probiotics may exert a beneficial effect on Crohn’s disease affected patients who have shown gut microbiota antigens and altered wall permeability. Moreover some probiotic formulations seem to enhance the therapy for Helycobacter Pylori reducing its pathogenic potential. Intestinal ecology imbalance has been also linked to cancer induction, allergy, skin and urogenital diseases. In addition probiotics administration seems to be particularly useful to ease post-operative complications. CONCLUSION: Further future clinical trials, involving large numbers of patients, will be mandatory to achieve definite evidence of the preventive and curative role of probiotics in medical practice. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20576332/ doi: 10.1016/j.clnu.2010.05.004 id: cord-257400-mw38kfjo author: Iliadi, Anna title: Particulate Production and Composite Dust during Routine Dental Procedures. A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses date: 2020-05-31 words: 5234.0 sentences: 310.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-257400-mw38kfjo.txt txt: ./txt/cord-257400-mw38kfjo.txt summary: The aim of this systematic review was to identify, compile and evaluate existing evidence on interventions and composite material properties related to the production of aerosolized dust during routine dental procedures. Thus the broad aim of this systematic review was to collectively appraise the existing evidence on interventions and material properties related to aerosolized composite dust production in dental practice or in simulated environment, through standard dental procedures. Five of the included studies were designed to assess composite dust generated in conditions of enamel clean-up after orthodontic fixed appliances removal [22, [27] [28] [29] 32] , while the rest reported on grinding composite blocks or sticks in the lab, simulating restorative dental procedures [1, 21, [23] [24] [25] [26] 30, 31] . This is the first comprehensive report that collectively appraised the evidence from in vitro simulated or clinical reports on particulate generation and dust production after composite grinding under a range of simulated dental procedures. abstract: Composite dust generation is most likely a continuous and daily procedure in dental practice settings. The aim of this systematic review was to identify, compile and evaluate existing evidence on interventions and composite material properties related to the production of aerosolized dust during routine dental procedures. Seven electronic databases were searched, with no limits, supplemented by a manual search, on 27 April 2020 for published and unpublished research. Eligibility criteria comprised of studies of any design, describing composite dust production related to the implementation of any procedure in dental practice. Study selection, data extraction and risk of bias (RoB) assessment was undertaken independently either in duplicate, or confirmed by a second reviewer. Random effects meta-analyses of standardized mean differences (SMD) with associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were employed where applicable. A total of 375 articles were initially identified, resulting in 13 articles being included in the qualitative synthesis, of which 5 contributed to meta-analyses overall. Risk of bias recordings ranged between low and high, pertaining to unclear/raising some concerns, in most cases. All types of composites, irrespective of the filler particles, released significant amounts of nano-sized particles after being ground, with potentially disruptive respiratory effects. Evidence supported increased % distribution of particles < 100 nm for nanocomposite Filtek Supreme XTE compared to both conventional hybrid Z100MP (SMD: 1.96, 95% CI: 0.85, 3.07; p-value; 0.001) and nano- hybrid Tetric EvoCeram (SMD: 1.62, 95% CI: 0.56, 2.68; p-value: 0.003). For cytotoxicity considerations of generated aerosolized particles, both nanocomposites Filtek Supreme XTE and nanohybrid GradiO revealed negative effects on bronchial epithelial cell viability, as represented by % formazan reduction at 330–400 μg/mL for 24 hours, with no recorded differences between them (SMD: 0.19; 95% CI: −0.17, 0.55; p-value: 0.30). Effective and more rigorous management of dental procedures potentially liable to the generation of considerable amounts of aerosolized composite dust should be prioritized in contemporary dental practice. In essence, protective measures for the clinician and the practices’ personnel should also be systematically promoted and additional interventions may be considered in view of the existing evidence. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13112513 doi: 10.3390/ma13112513 id: cord-258781-peppszqx author: Ishola, David A. title: Could influenza transmission be reduced by restricting mass gatherings? Towards an evidence-based policy framework date: 2011-08-18 words: 8468.0 sentences: 400.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-258781-peppszqx.txt txt: ./txt/cord-258781-peppszqx.txt summary: The findings of the review may be able to help inform policy statements on the effectiveness of mass gathering restriction interventions that may be deployed to help reduce influenza virus spread during a pandemic. The other five observational studies were similarly designed, involving groups of intending Hajj pilgrims who were recruited in their home regions or countries prior to the event, and then re-assessed This was a well-organized systematic prospective influenza surveillance program, described by the authors as the first of its type at a large Games event Limitations include: A number of studies [18] [19] [20] [21] [22] have consistently demonstrated, over a number of years, that respiratory virus transmission occurs amongst pilgrims attending the annual Hajj in Saudi Arabia, and it is recognized as an issue of international public health significance [43] [44] [45] [46] that could be particularly important in a pandemic situation. abstract: INTRODUCTION: Mass gatherings (MG) may provide ideal conditions for influenza transmission. The evidence for an association between MG and influenza transmission is reviewed to assess whether restricting MG may reduce transmission. METHODS: Major databases were searched (Pubmed, EMBASE, Scopus, CINAHL), producing 1706 articles that were sifted by title, abstract, and full-text. A narrative approach was adopted for data synthesis. RESULTS: Twenty-four papers met the inclusion criteria, covering MG of varying sizes and settings, and including 9 observational studies, 10 outbreak reports, 4 event reports, and a quasi-experimental study. There is some evidence that certain types of MG may be associated with increased risk of influenza transmission. MG may also “seed” new strains into an area, and may instigate community transmission in a pandemic. Restricting MGs, in combination with other social distancing interventions, may help reduce transmission, but it was not possible to identify conclusive evidence on the individual effect of MG restriction alone. Evidence suggests that event duration and crowdedness may be the key factors that determine the risk of influenza transmission, and possibly the type of venue (indoor/outdoor). CONCLUSION: These factors potentially represent a basis for a policy-making framework for MG restrictions in the event of a severe pandemic. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S2210600611000062 doi: 10.1016/j.jegh.2011.06.004 id: cord-331675-ipryt7o7 author: Itzchakov, Guy title: Can high quality listening predict lower speakers'' prejudiced attitudes?() date: 2020-08-06 words: 11819.0 sentences: 619.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-331675-ipryt7o7.txt txt: ./txt/cord-331675-ipryt7o7.txt summary: As compared to regular listening (in Studies 2 and 3), high quality listening will predict increased speakers'' attitude favorability (i.e., lower prejudiced attitudes) towards the outgroup by encouraging self-insight and openness to change. Specifically, the results indicated that self-insight mediated the effect of high quality listening conditions on openness to change in relation to one''s prejudiced attitudes. Specifically, we tested the effect of the listening manipulation on attitude favorability towards the prejudiced group via increasing self-insight openness to change. Thus, the mediation analysis provided support for Hypothesis 3, namely, that high quality listening will reduce speakers'' prejudiced attitudes towards the outgroup by increasing self-insight and openness to change. Study 2: Serial-mediation analysis of the effect of listening on attitude favorability towards prejudiced groups via self-insight and openness to change; standard errors in parentheses; ⁎ p < .05, ⁎⁎ p < .01. abstract: Theorizing from humanistic and motivational literatures suggests attitude change may occur because high quality listening facilitates the insight needed to explore and integrate potentially threatening information relevant to the self. By extension, self-insight may enable attitude change as a result of conversations about prejudice. We tested whether high quality listening would predict attitudes related to speakers' prejudices and whether self-insight would mediate this effect. Study 1 (preregistered) examined scripted conversations characterized by high, regular, and poor listening quality. In Study 2, we manipulated high versus regular listening quality in the laboratory as speakers talked about their prejudiced attitudes. Finally, Study 3 (preregistered) used a more robust measure of prejudiced attitudes to test whether perceived social acceptance could be an alternative explanation to Study 2 findings. Across these studies, the exploratory (pilot study and Study 2) and confirmatory (Studies 1 & 3) findings were in line with expectations that high, versus regular and poor, quality listening facilitated lower prejudiced attitudes because it increased self-insight. A meta-analysis of the studies (N = 952) showed that the average effect sizes for high quality listening (vs. comparison conditions) on self-insight, openness to change and prejudiced attitudes were, ds = 1.19, 0.46, 0.32 95%CIs [0.73, 1.51], [0.29, 0.63] [0.12, 0.53], respectively. These results suggest that when having conversations about prejudice, high-quality listening modestly shapes prejudice following conversations about it, and underscore the importance of self-insight and openness to change in this process. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0022103120303620 doi: 10.1016/j.jesp.2020.104022 id: cord-029423-o24dthlk author: Iwuji, Collins C. title: A phase IV randomised, open-label pilot study to evaluate switching from protease-inhibitor based regimen to Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide single tablet regimen in Integrase inhibitor-naïve, virologically suppressed HIV-1 infected adults harbouring drug resistance mutations (PIBIK study): study protocol for a randomised trial date: 2020-07-20 words: 6714.0 sentences: 314.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-029423-o24dthlk.txt txt: ./txt/cord-029423-o24dthlk.txt summary: title: A phase IV randomised, open-label pilot study to evaluate switching from protease-inhibitor based regimen to Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir Alafenamide single tablet regimen in Integrase inhibitor-naïve, virologically suppressed HIV-1 infected adults harbouring drug resistance mutations (PIBIK study): study protocol for a randomised trial METHODS/DESIGN: A phase IV, investigator-initiated, multicentre, open label pilot, randomised two-arm study to assess the safety and efficacy of switching from bPI regimen to B/F/TAF single tablet regimen in integrase inhibitor-naïve, virologically suppressed adults with HIV-1 infection harbouring drug resistance mutations. The PIBIK trial is a phase IV, investigator-initiated, prospective, multicentre, open label pilot, randomised two arm study to assess the safety and efficacy of switching from a bPI-based regimen to B/F/TAF single tablet regimen in INSTI-naïve, virologically suppressed HIV-1 Infected adults harbouring drug resistance mutations. abstract: BACKGROUND: Currently recommended boosted protease-inhibitor (bPI) regimens may be associated with increased risk of cardiovascular or chronic kidney diseases; in addition, boosted regimens are particularly associated with drug-drug interactions. Since both cardiovascular and renal disease, and polypharmacy, are common in ageing people with HIV, there is a need for alternative efficacious regimens. bPI-based regimens are often the treatment of choice for individuals with pre-treatment or treatment-acquired resistance but it is plausible that carefully selected HIV-positive individuals with drug resistance, who are virologically suppressed on their current bPI regimen, could maintain virological efficacy when switched to bictegravir, emtricitabine and tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF) fixed dose combination (FDC). METHODS/DESIGN: A phase IV, investigator-initiated, multicentre, open label pilot, randomised two-arm study to assess the safety and efficacy of switching from bPI regimen to B/F/TAF single tablet regimen in integrase inhibitor-naïve, virologically suppressed adults with HIV-1 infection harbouring drug resistance mutations. Eligible individuals will either continue on their bPI regimen or switch to B/F/TAF FDC. After 24 weeks, all participants in the bPI arm will be switched to B/F/TAF and followed for a further 24 weeks and all participants will be followed for 48 weeks. The primary efficacy endpoint is the proportion of participants with HIV-1 RNA < 50 copies/mL at week 24 using pure virologic response whilst the secondary efficacy endpoint is the proportion of participants with HIV-1 RNA < 50 copies/mL at Week 48. Other secondary outcome measures include between arm comparisons of drug resistance at virological failure, safety and tolerability and patient-reported outcome measures. DISCUSSION: We aim to provide preliminary evidence of the efficacy of switching to B/F/TAF in patients with virological suppression on a bPI-based regimen who harbour select drug resistance mutations. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN 44453201, registered 19 June 2019 and EudraCT 2018–004732-30. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7370264/ doi: 10.1186/s12879-020-05240-y id: cord-353787-24c98ug8 author: Jackson, J. A. title: Immunology in wild nonmodel rodents: an ecological context for studies of health and disease date: 2015-04-27 words: 8770.0 sentences: 333.0 pages: flesch: 26.0 cache: ./cache/cord-353787-24c98ug8.txt txt: ./txt/cord-353787-24c98ug8.txt summary: Measurement of immune expression may help define individual heterogeneity in infectious disease susceptibility and transmission and facilitate our understanding of infection dynamics and risk in the natural environment; furthermore, it may provide a means of surveillance that can filter individuals carrying previously unknown acute infections of potential ecological or zoonotic importance. Potentiating much of this is the possibility of combining gene expression profiles with analytical tools derived from ecology and systems biology to reverse engineer interaction networks between immune responses, other organismal traits and the environment (including symbiont exposures), revealing regulatory architecture. Studies in wild field voles, briefly reviewed below, have aimed to identify distributional infection patterns associated with different antipathogen strategies in natural populations and to link these to expression signatures in immune-relevant genes. abstract: Transcriptomic methods are set to revolutionize the study of the immune system in naturally occurring nonmodel organisms. With this in mind, the present article focuses on ways in which the use of ‘nonmodel’ rodents (not the familiar laboratory species) can advance studies into the classical, but ever relevant, epidemiologic triad of immune defence, infectious disease and environment. For example, naturally occurring rodents are an interesting system in which to study the environmental stimuli that drive the development and homeostasis of the immune system and, by extension, to identify where these stimuli are altered in anthropogenic environments leading to the formation of immunopathological phenotypes. Measurement of immune expression may help define individual heterogeneity in infectious disease susceptibility and transmission and facilitate our understanding of infection dynamics and risk in the natural environment; furthermore, it may provide a means of surveillance that can filter individuals carrying previously unknown acute infections of potential ecological or zoonotic importance. Finally, the study of immunology in wild animals may reveal interactions within the immune system and between immunity and other organismal traits that are not observable under restricted laboratory conditions. Potentiating much of this is the possibility of combining gene expression profiles with analytical tools derived from ecology and systems biology to reverse engineer interaction networks between immune responses, other organismal traits and the environment (including symbiont exposures), revealing regulatory architecture. Such holistic studies promise to link ecology, epidemiology and immunology in natural systems in a unified approach that can illuminate important problems relevant to human health and animal welfare and production. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25689683/ doi: 10.1111/pim.12180 id: cord-000955-giw4z3ei author: Jackson, Stewart title: Risk factors for severe acute lower respiratory infections in children – a systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2013-04-17 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: AIM: To identify the risk factors in children under five years of age for severe acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI), which are the leading cause of child mortality. METHODS: We performed a systematic review of published literature available in the public domain. We conducted a quality assessment of all eligible studies according to GRADE criteria and performed a meta-analysis to report the odds ratios for all risk factors identified in these studies. RESULTS: We identified 36 studies that investigated 19 risk factors for severe ALRI. Of these, 7 risk factors were significantly associated with severe ALRI in a consistent manner across studies, with the following meta-analysis estimates of odds ratios (with 95% confidence intervals): low birth weight 3.18 (1.02-9.90), lack of exclusive breastfeeding 2.34 (1.42-3.88), crowding – more than 7 persons per household 1.96 (1.53-2.52), exposure to indoor air pollution 1.57 (1.06-2.31), incomplete immunization 1.83 (1.32-2.52), undernutrition – weight-for-age less than 2 standard deviations 4.47 (2.10-9.49), and HIV infection 4.15 (2.57-9.74). CONCLUSION: This study highlights the role of the above seven risk factors in the development of severe pneumonia in under-five children. In addition, it emphasizes the need for further studies investigating other potential risk factors. Since these risk factors are potentially preventable, health policies targeted at reducing their prevalence provide a basis for decreasing the burden of childhood pneumonia. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3641871/ doi: 10.3325/cmj.2013.54.110 id: cord-291271-movbn4dn author: Jahangiry, Leila title: Risk perception related to COVID-19 among the Iranian general population: an application of the extended parallel process model date: 2020-10-19 words: 3334.0 sentences: 193.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-291271-movbn4dn.txt txt: ./txt/cord-291271-movbn4dn.txt summary: This study aimed to investigate on how people perceive the COVID-19 outbreak using the components of the Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM) and to find out how this might contribute to possible behavioral responses to the prevention and control of the disease. To collect data an electronic self-designed questionnaire based on the EPPM was used in order to measure the risk perception (efficacy, defensive responses, perceived treat) related to the COVID-19. This study aimed to investigate on how people have perceived the COVID-19 outbreak using the components of the EPPM (efficacy, defensive responses, perceived treat) and how these might contribute to possible behavioral responses to the prevention and control of the disease. This EPPM-based study was conducted to assess the risk perceptions, overall perceived danger and fear control processes among Iranian people during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. abstract: BACKGROUND: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has emerged as a major global public health challenge. This study aimed to investigate on how people perceive the COVID-19 outbreak using the components of the Extended Parallel Process Model (EPPM) and to find out how this might contribute to possible behavioral responses to the prevention and control of the disease. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Iran during March and April 2020. Participants were recruited via online applications using a number of platforms such as Telegram, WhatsApp, and Instagram asking people to take part in the study. To collect data an electronic self-designed questionnaire based on the EPPM was used in order to measure the risk perception (efficacy, defensive responses, perceived treat) related to the COVID-19. Descriptive statistics, chi-square, t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA), were used to explore the data. RESULTS: A total of 3727 individuals with a mean age (SD) of 37.0 (11.1) years participated in the study. The results revealed significant differences in efficacy, defensive responses and perceived treat among different population groups particularly among those aged 60 and over. Women had significantly higher scores than men on some aspects such as self-efficacy, reactance, and avoidance but men had higher perceived susceptibility scores compared to women. Overall 56.4% of participants were engaged in danger control (preventive behavior) while the remaining 43.6% were engaged in fear control (non-preventive behavior) process. CONCLUSION: More than half of all participants motivated by danger control. This indicated that more than half of participants had high perceived efficacy (i.e., self-efficacy and response efficacy). Self-efficacy scores were significantly higher among participants who were older, female, single, lived in rural areas, and had good economic status. The results suggest that socioeconomic and demographic factors are the main determinants of the COVID-19 risk perception. Indeed, targeted interventions are essential for controlling the pandemic. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Supplementary information accompanies this paper at 10.1186/s12889-020-09681-7. url: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-020-09681-7 doi: 10.1186/s12889-020-09681-7 id: cord-335723-7wefotwe author: Johann, Alexandra title: The study protocol: Neuroendocrinology and (epi-) genetics of female reproductive transition phase mood disorder - an observational, longitudinal study from pregnancy to postpartum date: 2020-10-09 words: 4429.0 sentences: 204.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-335723-7wefotwe.txt txt: ./txt/cord-335723-7wefotwe.txt summary: Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate numerous health-related markers to obtain greater insight into which biopsychosocial profiles render women more vulnerable to PPD or facilitate a healthy transition from pregnancy to postpartum. The present study proposes an integrative etiopathological model with distinct trajectories including (epi-) genetic vulnerability, chronic stress or adverse life events, which result in a potential dysregulation of the HPA and HPG axis and their counter-regulation and render some women more sensitive to the fluctuations of sex steroids throughout pregnancy and the postpartum period. The present study aims to provide further insight into the etiopathological mechanisms that render some women more vulnerable to mood disturbances and anxiety throughout pregnancy and the postpartum period. abstract: BACKGROUND: Postpartum depression is considered to be one of the most common health threats during pregnancy and postpartum, affecting not only the woman herself but also the offspring and the whole family system. Evidence for a conclusive etiopathological model with distinct risk and resilience factors is still broadly lacking. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to investigate numerous health-related markers to obtain greater insight into which biopsychosocial profiles render women more vulnerable to PPD or facilitate a healthy transition from pregnancy to postpartum. METHODS: The observational, longitudinal study aims to include a total of 288 physically healthy women, aged 20–45 years. A multitude of relevant parameters, of an (epi-) genetic, endocrinological, physiological and psychological nature, will be assessed over a period of 5 months, following the participants from the 3rd trimester until three months postpartum. DISCUSSION: The ultimate goal of the present study is to ameliorate mental health care during pregnancy and postpartum, by gaining a better understanding of the underlying biopsychosocial mechanisms that women undergo during the transition from pregnancy to postpartum. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33036563/ doi: 10.1186/s12884-020-03280-5 id: cord-345086-vq4ei1do author: Johnston, Marjorie C. title: Physical Disease and Resilient Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Resilience Definitions and Study Methods date: 2015-04-30 words: 5324.0 sentences: 364.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-345086-vq4ei1do.txt txt: ./txt/cord-345086-vq4ei1do.txt summary: title: Physical Disease and Resilient Outcomes: A Systematic Review of Resilience Definitions and Study Methods 10 MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, PubMed, and the Cochrane database of systematic reviews were searched from inception to March 17, 2013 Studies in which physical disease was assessed for its association with resilient outcomes were included. The sample size restriction was applied for pragmatic reasons, as our early work demonstrated that studies of physical disease and resilient outcomes often involved complex analyses with multiple variables and that analyses with smaller populations were often underpowered. Bonanno (2004) defined adult resilience as "the ability of adults in otherwise normal circumstances who are exposed to an isolated and potentially highly disruptive event such as the death of a close relation or a violent or lifethreatening situation to maintain relatively stable, healthy levels of psychological and physical functioning …as well as the capacity for generative experiences and positive emotions. abstract: Background Findings from physical disease resilience research may be used to develop approaches to reduce the burden of disease. However, there is no consensus on the definition and measurement of resilience in the context of physical disease. Objective The aim was to summarize the range of definitions of physical disease resilience and the approaches taken to study it in studies examining physical disease and its relationship to resilient outcomes. Methods Electronic databases were searched from inception to March 2013 for studies in which physical disease was assessed for its association with resilient outcomes. Article screening, data extraction, and quality assessment were carried out independently by 2 reviewers, with disagreements being resolved by a third reviewer. The results were combined using a narrative technique. Results Of 2280 articles, 12 met the inclusion criteria. Of these studies, 1 was of high quality, 9 were of moderate quality, and 2 were low quality. The common findings were that resilience involves maintaining healthy levels of functioning following adversity and that it is a dynamic process not a personality trait. Studies either assessed resilience based on observed outcomes or via resilience measurement scales. They either considered physical disease as an adversity leading to resilience or as a variable modifying the relationship between adversity and resilience. Conclusion This work begins building consensus as to the approach to take when defining and measuring physical disease resilience. Resilience should be considered as a dynamic process that varies across the life-course and across different domains, therefore the choice of a resilience measure should reflect this. url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psym.2014.10.005 doi: 10.1016/j.psym.2014.10.005 id: cord-332559-2r2gavbq author: Kajdy, Anna title: Risk factors for anxiety and depression among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic: A web-based cross-sectional survey date: 2020-07-24 words: 5207.0 sentences: 322.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-332559-2r2gavbq.txt txt: ./txt/cord-332559-2r2gavbq.txt summary: title: Risk factors for anxiety and depression among pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic: A web-based cross-sectional survey The secondary aim is to assess demographic, economic, and social aspects affecting maternal anxiety and depression scores among pregnant women worldwide in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey has three parts: 1) questions related to general demography, pregnancy health history, mental health history, socioeconomic factors, as well as perception of fear, burden and restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic and 2) General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) questionnaire for anxiety assessment 3) Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) for depression assessment. The survey consists of 60 questions, and it has the following structure: screening questions, consent form, demographic and socioeconomic questions, mental health history questions, general health history questions, pregnancy risk assessment questions, COVID-19 specific questions, and the GAD-7 and PHQ-9 scales. abstract: INTRODUCTION: The article presents a protocol of a cross-sectional study of mental health of pregnant women in relation to the coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) pandemic. The primary aim is to compare differences in anxiety and depression scores of pregnant women between countries affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The secondary aim is to assess demographic, economic, and social aspects affecting maternal anxiety and depression scores among pregnant women worldwide in the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. Finally, we will be able to compare differences in perception of the different aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic (social distancing, restrictions related to delivery) between countries and according to the epidemic status (number of infected patients, number of reported deaths). The comparisons will also be done according to the COVID-19 status of the participants. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: It is a web-based anonymous survey of pregnant women living in countries affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The survey is comprised of 3 sections: 1).. Questions related to general demography, pregnancy health history, mental health history, socioeconomic factors, as well as perception of fear, burden and restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic; 2).. General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) questionnaire for anxiety assessment and; 3).. Patient Health Questionnaire–9 (PHQ-9) for depression assessment. Web-based recruitment for health research has proven to be cost-effective and efficient. At current times with the COVID-19 pandemic, limited resources and social distancing restrictions, performing a mental health study involving pregnant women on a large international scale cannot be safely conducted without involving social-media. The fears of pregnant women fall into 3 categories: the medical condition, the economic status and the organization of daily activity. The study has received approval of the medical ethics committee and has been registered on Clinicaltrials.gov. Results will be published in peer-reviewed journals and made public through all available media. url: https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000021279 doi: 10.1097/md.0000000000021279 id: cord-014538-6a2pviol author: Kamilia, Chtara title: Proceedings of Réanimation 2017, the French Intensive Care Society International Congress date: 2017-01-10 words: 61068.0 sentences: 3463.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-014538-6a2pviol.txt txt: ./txt/cord-014538-6a2pviol.txt summary: Other parameters that were significantly different between the patients who died and those who survived were an advanced age, an elevated IGS II score at hospital admission, an elevated SOFA score at study entry, a late healthcare-associated infection and several biological variables: a high C reactive protein, low albumin and prealbumin and a poor percent of monocytes expressing HLA-DR, all measured at day 7. Parameters collected were demographic features, comorbidities, regular treatment, dyspnea assessed by the MRC scale, initial clinical severity reflected by SAPS II and APACHE II scores, modalities and ICU admission deadlines, initial arterial blood gas analysis, management of patients in the ICU (ventilation modalities, prescription of antibiotics, use of vasoactive drugs) and their outcomes (incidence of nosocomial infections and their sites, length of stay and ICU mortality). abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5225389/ doi: 10.1186/s13613-016-0224-7 id: cord-292559-b21j9sf3 author: Karcher, Nicole R. title: The ABCD study: understanding the development of risk for mental and physical health outcomes date: 2020-06-15 words: 10081.0 sentences: 447.0 pages: flesch: 36.0 cache: ./cache/cord-292559-b21j9sf3.txt txt: ./txt/cord-292559-b21j9sf3.txt summary: The initial goal of the ABCD Study was to examine risk and resiliency factors associated with the development of substance use, but the project has expanded far beyond this initial set of questions and will also greatly inform our understanding of the contributions of biospecimens (e.g., pubertal hormones), neural alterations, and environmental factors to the development of both healthy behavior and brain function as well as risk for poor mental and physical outcomes. First, the ABCD Study utilized a school-based national recruitment strategy with limited exclusion criteria, helping to overcome challenges to previous general population studies that generally did not include neuroimaging [10] as well as attempts to understand the risk factors associated with negative outcomes that relied on convenience samples [11] . These studies provide important evidence that the ABCD Study sample can be leveraged to conduct rigorous research practices, including examining the psychometric evidence for using existing (or newly created) measures in a middle childhood sample, supporting the use of these measures to better understand the development of risk. abstract: Following in the footsteps of other large “population neuroscience” studies, the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development℠ (ABCD) study is the largest in the U.S. assessing brain development. The study is examining approximately 11,875 youth from 21 sites from age 9 to 10 for approximately ten years into young adulthood. The ABCD Study® has completed recruitment for the baseline sample generally using a multi-stage probability sample including a stratified random sample of schools. The dataset has a wealth of measured attributes of youths and their environment, including neuroimaging, cognitive, biospecimen, behavioral, youth self-report and parent self-report metrics, and environmental measures. The initial goal of the ABCD Study was to examine risk and resiliency factors associated with the development of substance use, but the project has expanded far beyond this initial set of questions and will also greatly inform our understanding of the contributions of biospecimens (e.g., pubertal hormones), neural alterations, and environmental factors to the development of both healthy behavior and brain function as well as risk for poor mental and physical outcomes. This review outlines how the ABCD Study was designed to elucidate factors associated with the development of negative mental and physical health outcomes and will provide a selective overview of results emerging from the ABCD Study. Such emerging data includes initial validation of new instruments, important new information about the prevalence and correlates of mental health challenges in middle childhood, and promising data regarding neural correlates of both healthy and disordered behavior. In addition, we will discuss the challenges and opportunities to understanding both healthy development and the emergence of risk from ABCD Study data. Finally, we will overview the future directions of this large undertaking and the ways in which it will shape our understanding of the development of risk for poor mental and physical health outcomes. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32541809/ doi: 10.1038/s41386-020-0736-6 id: cord-260112-tb087txz author: Kassardjian, Charles D. title: Practical Guidance for Managing EMG Requests and Testing during the COVID‐19 Pandemic date: 2020-04-11 words: 2027.0 sentences: 109.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-260112-tb087txz.txt txt: ./txt/cord-260112-tb087txz.txt summary: The Quality and Patient Safety Committee (QPSC) of the AANEM was tasked with finding methods to help address member concerns regarding postponing EDX studies as a result of the limited availability of clinical services during the COVID-19 pandemic. Inpatient EDX studies should only be performed in urgent situations, in patients with severe deficits, and in whom EDX testing is likely to appreciably alter management by establishing a diagnosis or leading to a specific treatment. Accepted Article report of GBS in association with COVID-19 highlights the usefulness of EDX studies in differentiating causes of acute weakness in a critically ill patient, including potentially treatable conditions. In trying to limit the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection and "flatten the curve" of the pandemic, clinicians must make difficult decisions about the urgency of EDX studies, and limit availability to patients in whom the test is absolutely essential to diagnose and appropriately treat serious neuromuscular disorders. abstract: The COVID‐19 pandemic has necessitated cancelation of elective or non‐urgent contact with the healthcare system, including non‐urgent nerve conduction studies and electromyography (electrodiagnostic [EDX] studies). The definitions of elective and non‐urgent are physician judgments, and often are not straightforward. Clinical care must be provided to help our patients in a timely manner, while keeping them, health care personnel and the community safe. Benefit/risk stratification is an important part of this process. We have stratified EDX studies into 3 categories: Urgent, Non‐urgent and Possibly Urgent, in an effort to help clinicians triage these referrals. For each category, we provide a rationale and some examples. However, each referral must be reviewed on a case‐by‐case basis, and the clinical situation will evolve over time, necessitating flexibility in managing EDX triaging. Engaging the referring clinician and, at times, the patient, may be useful in the triage process. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32277763/ doi: 10.1002/mus.26891 id: cord-351734-wjvhu1qg author: Kassaw, Chalachew title: The Current Mental Health Crisis of COVID-19 Pandemic Among Communities Living in Gedeo Zone Dilla, SNNP, Ethiopia, April 2020 date: 2020-08-25 words: 1839.0 sentences: 112.0 pages: flesch: 63.0 cache: ./cache/cord-351734-wjvhu1qg.txt txt: ./txt/cord-351734-wjvhu1qg.txt summary: title: The Current Mental Health Crisis of COVID-19 Pandemic Among Communities Living in Gedeo Zone Dilla, SNNP, Ethiopia, April 2020 This study aimed to assess the current mental health crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic among communities living in, Gedeo zone, Dilla, Ethiopia. The second part of the questioner was about the mental health crisis and assessed using the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) a 21-item Likert scale and sored \ 30 (Normal), 30-43 (mild) and 43-59 (moderate) [ 60 (severe) [9] . Dependent variable-mental health crisis Independent variables-Age, sex, educational status, occupational status, family size, and monthly income, and KAP about COVID-19. Mental Health Crisis 44.4% of the respondents were reported mild to moderate psychological problem. This study found 44.4% of the respondents were reported mild to moderate psychological problems in response to COVID 19 pandemic. This study found that as there is a mental health crisis in the community living in the Gedeo zone, SNNP, Ethiopia. abstract: The current COVID-19 pandemic is not still controlled around the world and affects all humans’ domains of day to day life. Peoples have killed themselves due to the fear of stigma by their community. This study aimed to assess the current mental health crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic among communities living in, Gedeo zone, Dilla, Ethiopia. The study was community based cross sectional design conducted from March 10–Apr 10, 2020, using a multi stage sampling techniques. Structured interview, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21), and logistic regression analysis (95% CI, p value < 0.05) was used. This study included 420 respondents who were living in the Gedeo zone. In total, 44.4% of respondents had a psychological problem (21.4% mild and 23% moderate level of the mental crisis). Gender female, monthly income below 500 ETB, and more than three family size were variables associated with the outcome variable (p < 0.05). Nearly half of the respondents had mild to the moderate mental crisis in response to the pandemic. It is better to give mental health support for the peoples living in the zone to enhance their mental resilience. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32864302/ doi: 10.1007/s40737-020-00192-7 id: cord-352969-rpt7xja6 author: Kataria, Ashish title: COVID-19 in Kidney Transplantation: Epidemiology, Management Considerations, and the Impact on Kidney Transplant Practice date: 2020-07-15 words: 5975.0 sentences: 367.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-352969-rpt7xja6.txt txt: ./txt/cord-352969-rpt7xja6.txt summary: 1, 4 Solid organ transplant (SOT) patients including kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) are at a uniquely increased risk of serious complications from COVID-19 because of immunosuppressive (IS) medication use, elderly age (>65 y), and preexisting comorbidities like diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases. Kidney transplant recipients may be at a uniquely increased risk of serious complications from COVID-19 as compared to the general population because of a chronically immunosuppressed state and a high prevalence of comorbidities like diabetes, heart disease, and lung disease. Kidney transplant recipients may be at a uniquely increased risk of serious complications from COVID-19 as compared to the general population because of a chronically immunosuppressed state and a high prevalence of comorbidities like diabetes, heart disease, and lung disease. 71, 72 At this time, there is no evidence to suggest that kidney transplant patients are at an increased risk of thrombotic events compared with the general population for disease of similar severity. abstract: The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 was identified in the late 2019 as the cause of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), an acute respiratory viral illness. Patients with chronic underlying conditions may have an increased risk of morbidity and mortality from COVID-19. Kidney transplant recipients may be at a uniquely increased risk of serious complications from COVID-19 as compared to the general population because of a chronically immunosuppressed state and a high prevalence of comorbidities like diabetes, heart disease, and lung disease. Early data suggest that the mortality of patients on dialysis may be comparable to those with kidney transplants, although more research is needed. This concise review aims to describe the epidemiology of COVID-19 in kidney transplant recipients, manifestations, appropriate management, and clinical outcomes based on the available literature. Current evidence on many of the specific antiviral measures against COVID-19 has not shown a clear-cut benefit in smaller studies and the results of several ongoing larger clinical trials are awaited. In addition, we also highlight the impact of COVID-19 on kidney transplant center practice and volumes; potential living or deceased donors, recipients; and induction immunosuppression and surgical strategies. url: https://doi.org/10.1097/txd.0000000000001031 doi: 10.1097/txd.0000000000001031 id: cord-279913-lgdmlies author: Katz, D. H. title: Proteomic Profiling in Biracial Cohorts Implicates DC-SIGN as a Mediator of Genetic Risk in COVID-19 date: 2020-06-11 words: 4032.0 sentences: 229.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-279913-lgdmlies.txt txt: ./txt/cord-279913-lgdmlies.txt summary: To understand how these loci might confer risk and whether this differs by race, we utilized proteomic profiling and genetic information from three cohorts including black and white participants to identify proteins influenced by these loci. We tested for associations between genetic variants at the ABO and 3p21.31 loci and protein levels in the three cohorts to identify possible mediators of disease. Table 1 shows the 56 proteins that associate with variants within 1MB of the transcription start site (TSS) of the ABO gene in either JHS or FHS/MDCS or both at a p-value < 5×10 -8 . . https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.09.20125690 doi: medRxiv preprint Proteins associated with any variant within 1MB of transcription start site of ABO gene in either Jackson Heart Study (JHS) or Framingham Heart Study (FHS)/Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDCS). Proteins associated with any variant within chr3:45800446-46135604 of hg38 in either Jackson Heart Study (JHS) or Framingham Heart Study (FHS)/Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDCS) meta-analysis. abstract: COVID-19 is one of the most consequential pandemics in the last century, yet the biological mechanisms that confer disease risk are incompletely understood. Further, heterogeneity in disease outcomes is influenced by race, though the relative contributions of structural/social and genetic factors remain unclear. Very recent unpublished work has identified two genetic risk loci that confer greater risk for respiratory failure in COVID-19: the ABO locus and the 3p21.31 locus. To understand how these loci might confer risk and whether this differs by race, we utilized proteomic profiling and genetic information from three cohorts including black and white participants to identify proteins influenced by these loci. We observed that variants in the ABO locus are associated with levels of CD209/DC-SIGN, a known binding protein for SARS-CoV and other viruses, as well as multiple inflammatory and thrombotic proteins, while the 3p21.31 locus is associated with levels of CXCL16, a known inflammatory chemokine. Thus, integration of genetic information and proteomic profiling in biracial cohorts highlights putative mechanisms for genetic risk in COVID-19 disease. url: http://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.06.09.20125690v1?rss=1 doi: 10.1101/2020.06.09.20125690 id: cord-336934-57kbz29c author: Kesteman, Thomas title: Investigating Pneumonia Etiology Among Refugees and the Lebanese population (PEARL): A study protocol date: 2019-06-13 words: 9602.0 sentences: 444.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-336934-57kbz29c.txt txt: ./txt/cord-336934-57kbz29c.txt summary: pneumoniae serotypes in nasopharyngeal and blood samples; identify the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of the pathogenic bacteria isolated from nasopharyngeal and blood samples and compare these profiles with antibiotic prescriptions; examine the association between respiratory viral infections and invasive pneumococcal infections; identify risk factors for CAP in this population, especially those that may be modifiable (crowding, tobacco smoking, domestic sources of smoke produced by cooking or heating, etc.), and thus provide data for prevention programs; provide current data on the incidence and severity of CAP in vulnerable populations in Lebanon; provide a unique transcriptomics dataset as regards the sociodemographic profile of the patients and spectrum of diseases; compare microbiological and transcriptomic methods in estimating viral vs bacterial attributable fractions of LRTI; and assess the operational capacity of rapid, nuclear acid-based point-of-care diagnostic tests in a humanitarian crisis. abstract: Background: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), a leading cause of mortality, mainly affects children in developing countries. The harsh circumstances experienced by refugees include various factors associated with respiratory pathogen transmission, and clinical progression of CAP. Consequently, the etiology of CAP in humanitarian crisis situations may differ to that of settled populations, which would impact appropriate case management. Therefore, the Pneumonia Etiology Among Refugees and the Lebanese population (PEARL) study was initiated with the objective of identifying the causal pathogenic microorganisms in the respiratory tract of children and adults from both the refugee and host country population presenting with signs of CAP during a humanitarian crisis. Methods: PEARL, a prospective, multicentric, case-control study, will be conducted at four primary healthcare facilities in Tripoli and the Bekaa valley over 15 months (including two high-transmission seasons/winters). Sociodemographic and medical data, and biological samples will be collected from at least 600 CAP cases and 600 controls. Nasopharyngeal swabs, sputum, urine and blood samples will be analyzed at five clinical pathology laboratories in Lebanon to identify the bacterial and viral etiological agents of CAP. Transcriptomic profiling of host leukocytes will be performed. Conclusions: PEARL is an original observational study that will provide important new information on the etiology of pneumonia among refugees, which may improve case management, help design antimicrobial stewardship interventions, and reduce morbidity and mortality due to CAP in a humanitarian crisis. url: https://doi.org/10.12688/gatesopenres.12811.2 doi: 10.12688/gatesopenres.12811.2 id: cord-266294-ua22udlc author: Koch, Oliver title: 29 Antiviral drugs date: 2010-12-31 words: 10777.0 sentences: 526.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-266294-ua22udlc.txt txt: ./txt/cord-266294-ua22udlc.txt summary: Metabolism The hemochromatosis gene polymorphism HFE 187C> G and possibly mitochondrial haplogroup J gave relative protection against lipoatrophy during antiretroviral drug therapy in a trial in which 96 patients were randomized to didanosine þ stavudine or zidovudine þ lamivudine, combined with efavirenz and/ or nelfinavir in AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) 384 sub-study A5005s (20 C ). Gastrointestinal In a retrospective obser vational study of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), 27 of 50 patients who took indinavir in combination with zidovudine and lamivudine developed nausea and were significantly more likely to stop taking the treatment than those who were taking zidovudine þ lamivudine þ tenofovir (24 c ). abstract: Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the adverse effects of antiviral drugs used against cytomegalovirus, herpesviruses, hepatitis viruses, against HIV, and against influenza viruses. The cidofovir, drug active against cytomegalovirus, has been associated with bronchiolitis obliterans. Aciclovir and valaciclovir has been reported with renal insufficiency. Adefovir , a drug active against hepatitis viruses, is associated with the fall in creatinine clearance in patients with lamivudine-resistant HBe antigen (HBeAg)negative disease. Drugs active against HIV are comprehensively reviewed as in combination, nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors, nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase inhibitors, and protease inhibitors. In a randomized controlled trial of indinavir, saquinavir and lopinavir in combination with low-dose ritonavir in 656 patients, median total cholesterol increased by 0.5 mmol/l in the patients with the highest minimum drug plasma concentrations. In patients with AIDS-associated AIDS dementia complex taking optimal stable background antiretroviral therapy including either abacavir or placebo, there was significantly more nausea in those who took abacavir. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378608010320290 doi: 10.1016/s0378-6080(10)32029-0 id: cord-348841-qxkmngyk author: Kozakiewicz, Christopher P. title: Pathogens in space: Advancing understanding of pathogen dynamics and disease ecology through landscape genetics date: 2018-07-28 words: 7498.0 sentences: 343.0 pages: flesch: 32.0 cache: ./cache/cord-348841-qxkmngyk.txt txt: ./txt/cord-348841-qxkmngyk.txt summary: Our review emphasizes the expanding utility of landscape genetic methods available for elucidating key pathogen dynamics (particularly transmission and spread) and also how landscape genetic studies of pathogens can provide insight into host population dynamics. We excluded reviews (n = 15), meeting abstracts (n = 1), purely methods-based papers (n = 6) and articles that identified as or mentioned landscape genetics but did not sufficiently incorporate landscape factors or genetic data into the study (n = 32), studies that referred to any of our pathogen-related search terms without it being a primary motivation for the study (n = 21), and studies that used words like "transmit" or "parasite" outside of the context of infectious agents (such as the transmission of behaviours) (n = 6). Spatial variation in pathogen prevalence or infection risk can be represented in much the same way as any landscape variable , making spatial data relating to presence of an infectious agent well-suited for incorporation into host landscape genetic models. abstract: Landscape genetics has provided many insights into how heterogeneous landscape features drive processes influencing spatial genetic variation in free‐living organisms. This rapidly developing field has focused heavily on vertebrates, and expansion of this scope to the study of infectious diseases holds great potential for landscape geneticists and disease ecologists alike. The potential application of landscape genetics to infectious agents has garnered attention at formative stages in the development of landscape genetics, but systematic examination is lacking. We comprehensively review how landscape genetics is being used to better understand pathogen dynamics. We characterize the field and evaluate the types of questions addressed, approaches used and systems studied. We also review the now established landscape genetic methods and their realized and potential applications to disease ecology. Lastly, we identify emerging frontiers in the landscape genetic study of infectious agents, including recent phylogeographic approaches and frameworks for studying complex multihost and host‐vector systems. Our review emphasizes the expanding utility of landscape genetic methods available for elucidating key pathogen dynamics (particularly transmission and spread) and also how landscape genetic studies of pathogens can provide insight into host population dynamics. Through this review, we convey how increasing awareness of the complementarity of landscape genetics and disease ecology among practitioners of each field promises to drive important cross‐disciplinary advances. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30459828/ doi: 10.1111/eva.12678 id: cord-030371-wp6xmaqe author: Kubota, Kazuo title: Basic Science of PET Imaging for Inflammatory Diseases date: 2019-12-21 words: 15774.0 sentences: 767.0 pages: flesch: 37.0 cache: ./cache/cord-030371-wp6xmaqe.txt txt: ./txt/cord-030371-wp6xmaqe.txt summary: Based on the critical role of neuroinflammation characterized by glial activation in neuropathogenesis, in vivo imaging with positron emission tomography (PET) is required in clinical and preclinical studies for the purposes of elucidation of pathogenesis and novel treatment development, because it is commonly available in human and experimental animal models. In a preclinical study conducted in small animal models of brain ischemia and traumatic brain injury, a second-generation TSPO tracer [ 18 F]DPA-714 PET was used for the evaluation of glial activation; the TSPO uptake was validated by comparison with the immunohistochemical findings of co-staining for TSPO and a microglial/macrophage or astrocyte maker. Although the binding affinity in humans has been shown to vary due to polymorphism, TSPO PET has been employed as an effective tool to visualize and quantify the degree of neuroinflammation associated with glial activation in preclinical studies conducted using animal models, including rodents [106] . abstract: FDG-PET/CT has recently emerged as a useful tool for the evaluation of inflammatory diseases too, in addition to that of malignant diseases. The imaging is based on active glucose utilization by inflammatory tissue. Autoradiography studies have demonstrated high FDG uptake in macrophages, granulocytes, fibroblasts, and granulation tissue. Especially, activated macrophages are responsible for the elevated FDG uptake in some types of inflammation. According to one study, after activation by lipopolysaccharide of cultured macrophages, the [(14)C]2DG uptake by the cells doubled, reaching the level seen in glioblastoma cells. In activated macrophages, increase in the expression of total GLUT1 and redistributions from the intracellular compartments toward the cell surface have been reported. In one rheumatoid arthritis model, following stimulation by hypoxia or TNF-α, the highest elevation of the [(3)H]FDG uptake was observed in the fibroblasts, followed by that in macrophages and neutrophils. As the fundamental mechanism of elevated glucose uptake in both cancer cells and inflammatory cells, activation of glucose metabolism as an adaptive response to a hypoxic environment has been reported, with transcription factor HIF-1α playing a key role. Inflammatory cells and cancer cells seem to share the same molecular mechanism of elevated glucose metabolism, lending support to the notion of usefulness of FDGPET/CT for the evaluation of inflammatory diseases, besides cancer. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7418531/ doi: 10.1007/978-981-15-0810-3_1 id: cord-300064-t3qexner author: Kumar, Krishan title: The psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown on the migrant workers: A cross-sectional survey date: 2020-06-20 words: 1884.0 sentences: 107.0 pages: flesch: 59.0 cache: ./cache/cord-300064-t3qexner.txt txt: ./txt/cord-300064-t3qexner.txt summary: Accordingly, this study aims to evaluate the mental health issues among the migrant workers living in shelter houses, provided by the administration because of COVID-19 to assess the immediate and long term psychological impact of isolation. Keeping this in mind, the present study, aimed to evaluate the mental health status of the migrants who have been kept in the shelter homes, after the imposition of lockdown, due to COVID-19 pandemic. These findings suggest that the lockdown and the ongoing pandemic have a significant negative impact on the mental health of the migrant laborers. If we compare to the findings of the online survey done during the lockdown period, another important fact, which is evident from this study, is that a higher proportion of the participants screened positive for depression, rather than the anxiety. To conclude, the present study suggests that the current COVID-19 pandemic is causing severe anxiety and depressive symptoms in migrants'' workers. abstract: nan url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102252 doi: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102252 id: cord-274305-mnyy41po author: Kumar, Purnima S title: Demystifying the mist: Sources of microbial bioload in dental aerosols date: 2020-07-27 words: 5944.0 sentences: 335.0 pages: flesch: 40.0 cache: ./cache/cord-274305-mnyy41po.txt txt: ./txt/cord-274305-mnyy41po.txt summary: The purpose of this review, therefore, is to examine (1) what is currently known regarding the physics of aerosol creation, (2) the types of environmental contaminants generated by dental procedures, (3) the nature, quantity, and sources of microbiota in these contaminants and (4) the risk of disease transmission from patients to dental healthcare workers. Well‐controlled, large‐scale, multi center studies using atraumatic air harvesters, open‐ended methods for microbial characterization and integrated data modeling are urgently needed to characterize the microbial constituents of aerosols created during dental procedures and to estimate time and extent of spread of these infectious agents. The purpose of this review, therefore, is to examine what is currently known regarding the physics of aerosol creation, the types of aerosols generated by dental procedures, the nature, quantity, and sources of microbiota in these aerosols and the probability of disease transmission from patients to dental healthcare workers. abstract: The risk of transmitting airborne pathogens is an important consideration in dentistry and has acquired special significance in the context of recent respiratory disease epidemics. The purpose of this review, therefore, is to examine (1) what is currently known regarding the physics of aerosol creation, (2) the types of environmental contaminants generated by dental procedures, (3) the nature, quantity, and sources of microbiota in these contaminants and (4) the risk of disease transmission from patients to dental healthcare workers. Most dental procedures that use ultrasonics, handpieces, air‐water syringes, and lasers generate sprays, a fraction of which are aerosolized. The vast heterogeneity in the types of airborne samples collected (spatter, settled aerosol, or harvested air), the presence and type of at‐source aerosol reduction methods (high‐volume evacuators, low volume suction, or none), the methods of microbial sampling (petri dishes with solid media, filter paper discs, air harvesters, and liquid transport media) and assessment of microbial bioload (growth conditions, time of growth, specificity of microbial characterization) are barriers to drawing robust conclusions. For example, although several studies have reported the presence of microorganisms in aerosols generated by ultrasonic scalers and high‐speed turbines, the specific types of organisms or their source is not as well studied. This paucity of data does not allow for definitive conclusions to be drawn regarding saliva as a major source of airborne microorganisms during aerosol generating dental procedures. Well‐controlled, large‐scale, multi center studies using atraumatic air harvesters, open‐ended methods for microbial characterization and integrated data modeling are urgently needed to characterize the microbial constituents of aerosols created during dental procedures and to estimate time and extent of spread of these infectious agents. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32662070/ doi: 10.1002/jper.20-0395 id: cord-335055-gzuug3p5 author: Kwiyolecha, Elizabeth title: Patterns of viral pathogens causing upper respiratory tract infections among symptomatic children in Mwanza, Tanzania date: 2020-10-28 words: 3311.0 sentences: 196.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-335055-gzuug3p5.txt txt: ./txt/cord-335055-gzuug3p5.txt summary: title: Patterns of viral pathogens causing upper respiratory tract infections among symptomatic children in Mwanza, Tanzania Therefore, there is a paramount need to establish information on the common etiologies of RTIs in Tanzania, the information that can stimulate further studies and possible control interventions including introduction of cheap and reliable methods to detect these pathogens in clinical settings. In addition due to increased use of antibiotic without a support of a diagnostic test in the treatment of URTI as observed in number of previous studies [11] [12] [13] , make the availability of epidemiological data on the patterns of etiology of URTI of paramount important. A cross sectional hospital based study involving 339 children aged 1-59 months presenting with RTI symptoms was conducted from October 2017 to February 2018 in the city of Mwanza, Tanzania. A previous study 33 , documented Rhinovirus to cause up to 25-85% of the upper respiratory tract infections. abstract: Upper-respiratory tract infections (URTI) are the leading causes of childhood morbidities. This study investigated etiologies and patterns of URTI among children in Mwanza, Tanzania. A cross-sectional study involving 339 children was conducted between October-2017 and February-2018. Children with features suggestive of URTI such as nasal congestion, dry cough, painful swallowing and nasal discharge with/without fever were enrolled. Pathogens were detected from nasopharyngeal and ear-swabs by multiplex-PCR and culture respectively. Full blood count and C-reactive protein analysis were also done. The median age was 16 (IQR: 8–34) months. Majority (82.3%) had fever and nasal-congestion (65.5%). Rhinitis (55.9%) was the commonest diagnosis followed by pharyngitis (19.5%). Viruses were isolated in 46% of children, the commonest being Rhinoviruses (23.9%). Nineteen percent of children had more than 2 viruses; Rhinovirus and Enterovirus being the commonest combination. The commonest bacteria isolated from ears were Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Children with viral pathogens had significantly right shift of lymphocytes (73%—sensitivity). Majority (257/339) of children were symptoms free on eighth day. Viruses are the commonest cause of URTI with Rhinitis being the common diagnosis. Rapid diagnostic assays for URTI pathogens are urgently needed in low-income countries to reduce unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions which is associated with antibiotic resistance. url: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-74555-2 doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-74555-2 id: cord-318753-ribybqfo author: Kwok, C. S. title: Influenza, influenza‐like symptoms and their association with cardiovascular risks: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies date: 2015-05-04 words: 4084.0 sentences: 204.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-318753-ribybqfo.txt txt: ./txt/cord-318753-ribybqfo.txt summary: The quality of included studies was evaluated using a risk of bias assessment including: ascertainment of exposure to influenza, ascertainment of selected cardiovascular outcomes and adjustments for potential confounders. We stratified the main analysis based on the measures of ascertaining influenza (e.g. laboratory serology tests or based on clinical presentation suggesting influenza-like illness) and use of adjustments to account for potential confounders. Our findings suggest that exposure to influenzalike illnesses may be associated with increased risk of cardiovascular events, hence measures such as influenza vaccination should be supported in line with current recommendations, particularly among patients who are at risk of CVDs. The definition of influenza varied among studies in the current analysis since both serological tests and clinical assessments were used. We have observed that influenza-like illness defined by clinical features, which may be caused by both influenza and other viral infections such as those highlighted above are associated with an increased risk of MI. abstract: AIMS: To synthesise the evidence relating influenza and influenza‐like symptoms to the risks of myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure (HF) and stroke. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis of the evidence relating influenza and influenza‐like symptoms to the risks of MI, HF and stroke. We systematically searched all MEDLINE and EMBASE entries up to August 2014 for studies of influenza vs. the cardiovascular outcomes above. We conducted random effects meta‐analysis using inverse variance method for pooled odds ratios (OR) and evaluated statistical heterogeneity using the I (2) statistic. RESULTS: We identified 12 studies with a total of 84,003 participants. The pooled OR for risk of MI vs. influenza (serologically confirmed) was 1.27 (95% CI, confidence interval 0.54–2.95), I (2) = 47%, which was significant for the only study that adjusted for confounders (OR 5.50, 95% CI 1.31–23.13). The pooled OR for risk of MI vs. influenza‐like symptoms was 2.17 (95% CI 1.68–2.80), I (2) = 0%, which was significant for both unadjusted (OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.65–3.01, five studies) and adjusted studies (OR 2.01, 95% CI 1.24–3.27, two studies). We found one study that evaluated stroke risk, one study in patients with HF, and one that evaluated mortality from MI – all of these studies suggested increased risks of events with influenza‐like symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: There is an association between influenza‐like illness and cardiovascular events, but the relationship is less clear with serologically diagnosed influenza. We recommend renewed efforts to apply current clinical guidelines and maximise the uptake of annual influenza immunisation among patients with cardiovascular diseases, to decrease their risks of MI and stroke. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25940136/ doi: 10.1111/ijcp.12646 id: cord-262637-crqw59k1 author: Kwon, Sophia title: Food Intake REstriction for Health OUtcome Support and Education (FIREHOUSE) Protocol: A Randomized Clinical Trial date: 2020-09-09 words: 5636.0 sentences: 316.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-262637-crqw59k1.txt txt: ./txt/cord-262637-crqw59k1.txt summary: We will randomize subjects (1:1) to either: (1) Low Calorie Mediterranean (LoCalMed)—an integrative multifactorial, technology-supported approach focused on behavioral modification, nutritional education that will include a self-monitored diet with feedback, physical activity recommendations, and social cognitive theory-based group counseling sessions; or (2) Usual Care. In light of these findings, we focused our work on the inflammatory effects of lipids in the development of particulate matter (PM)-induced lung injury [22] To investigate the potential reversibility of WTC-LI by direct impact on MetSyn risk factors, we focus on calorie-restricted (CR) Mediterranean diets based on recent studies showing their ability to attenuate lipid levels [20, 23, 24] . At baseline, participants will be provided in-person, group-based technology training, and will receive handouts with the following study goals: (1) weight loss of ≥seven percent at 6-months; (2) saturated fat intake ≤seven percent of kcal; (3) ≥150-min per week of moderate-intensity physical activity. abstract: Fire Department of New York (FDNY) rescue and recovery workers exposed to World Trade Center (WTC) particulates suffered loss of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)). Metabolic Syndrome increased the risk of developing WTC-lung injury (WTC-LI)(.) We aim to attenuate the deleterious effects of WTC exposure through a dietary intervention targeting these clinically relevant disease modifiers. We hypothesize that a calorie-restricted Mediterranean dietary intervention will improve metabolic risk, subclinical indicators of cardiopulmonary disease, quality of life, and lung function in firefighters with WTC-LI. To assess our hypothesis, we developed the Food Intake REstriction for Health OUtcome Support and Education (FIREHOUSE), a randomized controlled clinical trial (RCT). Male firefighters with WTC-LI and a BMI > 27 kg/m(2) will be included. We will randomize subjects (1:1) to either: (1) Low Calorie Mediterranean (LoCalMed)—an integrative multifactorial, technology-supported approach focused on behavioral modification, nutritional education that will include a self-monitored diet with feedback, physical activity recommendations, and social cognitive theory-based group counseling sessions; or (2) Usual Care. Outcomes include reduction in body mass index (BMI) (primary), improvement in FEV(1), fractional exhaled nitric oxide, pulse wave velocity, lipid profiles, targeted metabolic/clinical biomarkers, and quality of life measures (secondary). By implementing a technology-supported LoCalMed diet our FIREHOUSE RCT may help further the treatment of WTC associated pulmonary disease. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32916985/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17186569 id: cord-288487-hs3wfffs author: Lambert, Stephen B title: The cost of community-managed viral respiratory illnesses in a cohort of healthy preschool-aged children date: 2008-01-24 words: 5658.0 sentences: 250.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-288487-hs3wfffs.txt txt: ./txt/cord-288487-hs3wfffs.txt summary: The point estimate of the mean cost of community-managed influenza illnesses in healthy preschool aged children is three times greater than those illnesses caused by RSV and other respiratory viruses. Even for influenza, the most studied of all respiratory viruses, cost-of-illness and vaccine cost-effectiveness evaluations in children have tended to rely on assumptions or use retrospectively collected estimates, often from surveys, for resource utilisation, such as carer time away from work in seeking healthcare or caring for an ill child [6] [7] [8] [9] . Despite overlapping confidence intervals, the finding of most note in this study was the dramatically higher point estimate of the mean cost of influenza A ARIs, being three times higher than illnesses caused by RSV and the other common respiratory viral infections of childhood. Further studies that collect primary, integrated epidemiologic and economic data, particularly indirect costs, directly from families about community-managed ARIs in children, are required. abstract: BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory illnesses (ARIs) during childhood are often caused by respiratory viruses, result in significant morbidity, and have associated costs for families and society. Despite their ubiquity, there is a lack of interdisciplinary epidemiologic and economic research that has collected primary impact data, particularly associated with indirect costs, from families during ARIs in children. METHODS: We conducted a 12-month cohort study in 234 preschool children with impact diary recording and PCR testing of nose-throat swabs for viruses during an ARI. We used applied values to estimate a virus-specific mean cost of ARIs. RESULTS: Impact diaries were available for 72% (523/725) of community-managed illnesses between January 2003 and January 2004. The mean cost of ARIs was AU$309 (95% confidence interval $263 to $354). Influenza illnesses had a mean cost of $904, compared with RSV, $304, the next most expensive single-virus illness, although confidence intervals overlapped. Mean carer time away from usual activity per day was two hours for influenza ARIs and between 30 and 45 minutes for all other ARI categories. CONCLUSION: From a societal perspective, community-managed ARIs are a significant cost burden on families and society. The point estimate of the mean cost of community-managed influenza illnesses in healthy preschool aged children is three times greater than those illnesses caused by RSV and other respiratory viruses. Indirect costs, particularly carer time away from usual activity, are the key cost drivers for ARIs in children. The use of parent-collected specimens may enhance ARI surveillance and reduce any potential Hawthorne effect caused by compliance with study procedures. These findings reinforce the need for further integrated epidemiologic and economic research of ARIs in children to allow for comprehensive cost-effectiveness assessments of preventive and therapeutic options. url: https://doi.org/10.1186/1465-9921-9-11 doi: 10.1186/1465-9921-9-11 id: cord-255351-vp19ydce author: Lanata, Claudio F. title: Global Causes of Diarrheal Disease Mortality in Children <5 Years of Age: A Systematic Review date: 2013-09-04 words: 5451.0 sentences: 221.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-255351-vp19ydce.txt txt: ./txt/cord-255351-vp19ydce.txt summary: We present the results of a systematic literature review of studies of diarrhea etiology in hospitalized children and use these results to estimate the global burden of diarrhea mortality by pathogen for children under 5 years of age for 2011. From 22 643 citations identified in the electronic search, 1 003 articles were selected for further evaluation (Fig. 1) ; 840 articles were excluded because they had one or more of the exclusion criteria (About 35% because they were not longitudinal studies or inappropriate laboratory methods were used, 31% because no data was given for children ,5 years of age, 23% for studies that lasted less than 12 months of duration, and the rest because data were reported after rotavirus vaccine introduction, duplicate publications or reporting results on a pathogen not included in our list). abstract: Estimation of pathogen-specific causes of child diarrhea deaths is needed to guide vaccine development and other prevention strategies. We did a systematic review of articles published between 1990 and 2011 reporting at least one of 13 pathogens in children <5 years of age hospitalized with diarrhea. We included 2011 rotavirus data from the Rotavirus Surveillance Network coordinated by WHO. We excluded studies conducted during diarrhea outbreaks that did not discriminate between inpatient and outpatient cases, reporting nosocomial infections, those conducted in special populations, not done with adequate methods, and rotavirus studies in countries where the rotavirus vaccine was used. Age-adjusted median proportions for each pathogen were calculated and applied to 712 000 deaths due to diarrhea in children under 5 years for 2011, assuming that those observed among children hospitalized for diarrhea represent those causing child diarrhea deaths. 163 articles and WHO studies done in 31 countries were selected representing 286 inpatient studies. Studies seeking only one pathogen found higher proportions for some pathogens than studies seeking multiple pathogens (e.g. 39% rotavirus in 180 single-pathogen studies vs. 20% in 24 studies with 5–13 pathogens, p<0·0001). The percentage of episodes for which no pathogen could be identified was estimated to be 34%; the total of all age-adjusted percentages for pathogens and no-pathogen cases was 138%. Adjusting all proportions, including unknowns, to add to 100%, we estimated that rotavirus caused 197 000 [Uncertainty range (UR) 110 000–295 000], enteropathogenic E. coli 79 000 (UR 31 000–146 000), calicivirus 71 000 (UR 39 000–113 000), and enterotoxigenic E. coli 42 000 (UR 20 000–76 000) deaths. Rotavirus, calicivirus, enteropathogenic and enterotoxigenic E. coli cause more than half of all diarrheal deaths in children <5 years in the world. url: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0072788 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0072788 id: cord-028963-u4iupl1s author: Lane, Michael title: Multiple Sclerosis date: 2020-07-10 words: 11851.0 sentences: 567.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-028963-u4iupl1s.txt txt: ./txt/cord-028963-u4iupl1s.txt summary: Natalizumab is a monoclonal antibody against α-4 integrin that prevents inflammatory cells from entering the CNS and has been shown to decrease the annualized relapse rate by 68% and reduce disease activity (new or enlarging MRI lesions) by 83% over 2 years compared with placebo. Based on current knowledge of the pathogenesis of MS, the rationale of using the Swank diet or other diets low in saturated fats in patients with MS relates to the general health benefits of such a diet and the anti-inflammatory and perhaps neuron membrane-stabilizing effects of a diet enriched with O3FAs. Although the consumption of red meat is significantly restricted on the Swank diet, fish appears to be particularly indicated because of its excellent protein content and, perhaps more importantly, its high content of O3FAs. Cold-water fish such as mackerel, salmon, and herring are rich in O3FAs, which include eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). One open-label study in RRMS patients (n = 10) showed a significant decrease in MMP-9 levels secreted from unstimulated immune cells after supplementing with fish-oil concentrate at 8 g/day (containing 2.9 g EPA and 1.9 g DHA) for 3 months. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7348625/ doi: 10.1016/b978-0-323-43044-9.00199-0 id: cord-013138-4e9vo0xr author: Lang-Illievich, Kordula title: The Effect of Low-Level Light Therapy on Capsaicin-Induced Peripheral and Central Sensitization in Healthy Volunteers: A Double-Blinded, Randomized, Sham-Controlled Trial date: 2020-10-10 words: 3990.0 sentences: 240.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-013138-4e9vo0xr.txt txt: ./txt/cord-013138-4e9vo0xr.txt summary: title: The Effect of Low-Level Light Therapy on Capsaicin-Induced Peripheral and Central Sensitization in Healthy Volunteers: A Double-Blinded, Randomized, Sham-Controlled Trial INTRODUCTION: Several clinical trials have demonstrated that low-level light therapy (LLLT), a method of photobiomodulation, is an effective analgetic treatment. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of low-level light therapy on primary and secondary hyperalgesia in a human pain model. CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that low-level light therapy is effective at reducing the heat and mechanical pain threshold in a human pain model, pointing to a significant modulating effect on peripheral and central sensitization. To provide an answer to these questions, we use a human pain model developed to mimic different aspects of clinical pain and to study pain mechanisms in order to examine whether peripheral or central mechanisms contribute to the analgetic effect of LLLT. abstract: INTRODUCTION: Several clinical trials have demonstrated that low-level light therapy (LLLT), a method of photobiomodulation, is an effective analgetic treatment. However, the mechanism of action has not yet been finally clarified. In particular, unanswered questions include whether it only affects peripheral or whether it also affects the spinal or supraspinal level. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of low-level light therapy on primary and secondary hyperalgesia in a human pain model. METHODS: This study was planned as a randomized, sham-controlled, and double-blinded trial with repeated measures within subject design. Capsaicin was applied on both forearms of ten healthy volunteers to induce peripheral and central sensitization. One forearm was treated with low-level light therapy; the other served as sham control. RESULTS: Low-level light therapy significantly increased the mechanical pain threshold, heat pain threshold, and decreased pain intensity. CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that low-level light therapy is effective at reducing the heat and mechanical pain threshold in a human pain model, pointing to a significant modulating effect on peripheral and central sensitization. These effects—especially in the absence of reported side effects—make low-level light therapy a promising tool in pain management. The application of low-level light therapy to treat chronic pain should be considered for further clinical trials. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7547817/ doi: 10.1007/s40122-020-00205-0 id: cord-281877-r1y1hz4q author: Lavretsky, Helen title: Scientific Autobiography of a Spiritual Seeker in the Year of Hindsight''s 20/20.: “Was I deceived, or did a sable cloud Turn forth her silver lining on the night?” John Milton “Comus” (1634) date: 2020-08-11 words: 2685.0 sentences: 130.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-281877-r1y1hz4q.txt txt: ./txt/cord-281877-r1y1hz4q.txt summary: have been a big part of my spiritual journey focused on seeking to understand the true nature of human mental and emotional suffering and resilience, where all life events are assumed to provide valuable lessons and "silver linings" that ensure individual and collective evolution of consciousness. I also learned to use the intervention studies to understand brain mechanisms of treatment response, while developing novel pharmacological and behavioral interventions and mastering advanced research tools like neuroimaging, genetics, inflammatory markers (9) (10) (11) (12) . We hope to empower our patients to take control of their own health and learn resilience-building tools to allow for self-regulation during these difficult times and for stress-related psychiatric disorders. However, providing patients with the ability to learn about their own strengths and utilize their lifestyle choices and spirituality to improve treatment outcomes is another powerful therapeutic and preventive approach to neuropsychiatric diseases of late life, such as depression, caregiver stress and dementia. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32878731/ doi: 10.1016/j.jagp.2020.08.002 id: cord-287742-y1j9x5ne author: Lee, Kai Wei title: Stroke and Novel Coronavirus Infection in Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis date: 2020-10-06 words: 6545.0 sentences: 292.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-287742-y1j9x5ne.txt txt: ./txt/cord-287742-y1j9x5ne.txt summary: Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of currently available epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory data related to both stroke and COVID-19 infection. We, therefore, performed a systematic review and metaanalysis involving the epidemiological, clinical presentation, imaging characteristics, and laboratory finding related to both stroke and COVID-19 infection. The following data were extracted from every study: the last name of the first author, year of publication, country, severity status, study design, patient characteristics (ethnicity composition, gender, and mean age), comorbidities (diabetes, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, previous stroke, chronic kidney disease/end-stage renal disease, number of stroke patients per overall participants, any information relevant to strokes such as the location of stroke [arterial or venous]), types of stroke (ischemic or haemorrhagic), classification of stroke, mortality rate, and blood parameters. The aim of this current study is to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis concerning the epidemiological, clinical presentation, imaging characteristics, and laboratory findings related to both stroke and COVID-19 infection. abstract: Background: As the world witnessed the devastation caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, a growing body of literature on COVID-19 is also becoming increasingly available. Stroke has increasingly been reported as a complication of COVID-19 infection. However, a systematic synthesis of the available data has not been conducted. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of currently available epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory data related to both stroke and COVID-19 infection. Methods: We systematically searched Medline, Cinahl, and PubMed for studies related to stroke and COVID-19 from inception up to June 4, 2020. We selected cohort studies, case series, and case reports that reported the occurrence of stroke in COVID-19 patients. A fixed-effects model was used to estimate the pooled frequency of stroke in COVID-19 patients with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Twenty-eight studies were included in the systematic review and seven studies for the meta-analysis. The pooled frequency of stroke in COVID-19 patients was 1.1% (95% CI: 0.8, 1.3). The heterogeneity was low (I(2) = 0.0%). Even though the frequency of stroke among patients having COVID-19 infection was low, those with concomitant COVID-19 infection and stroke suffered from a more severe infection and eventually had a poorer prognosis with a higher mortality rate (46.7%) than COVID-19 alone. Many COVID-19 patients shared the common traditional risk factors for stroke. We noted that ischemic stroke involving the anterior circulation with large vessels occlusion is the most common type of stroke with more strokes seen in multi-territorial regions, suggesting systemic thromboembolism. An elevated level of D-dimers, C-reactive protein, ferritin, lactic acid dehydrogenase, troponin, ESR, fibrinogen, and a positive antiphospholipid antibody were also noted in this review. Conclusions: The occurrence of stroke in patients with COVID-19 infection is uncommon, but it may pose as an important prognostic marker and indicator of severity of infection, by causing large vessels occlusion and exhibiting a thrombo-inflammatory vascular picture. Physicians should be made aware and remain vigilant on the possible two-way relationship between stroke and COVID-19 infection. The rate of stroke among patients with COVID-19 infection may increase in the future as they share the common risk factors. url: https://doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2020.579070 doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.579070 id: cord-289305-mfjyjjer author: Lee, Min Hye title: A systematic review on the causes of the transmission and control measures of outbreaks in long-term care facilities: Back to basics of infection control date: 2020-03-10 words: 7550.0 sentences: 417.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-289305-mfjyjjer.txt txt: ./txt/cord-289305-mfjyjjer.txt summary: title: A systematic review on the causes of the transmission and control measures of outbreaks in long-term care facilities: Back to basics of infection control Three studies on gastrointestinal infection, in which adherence to hand hygiene among HCWs was crucial to prevent its spread, reported control measures including stringent hand hygiene practice and reinforcement of standard precautions [23, 27, 31] . The study on the RSV and HMPV outbreak reported various measures including active surveillance, isolation, contact precaution, antiviral prophylaxis for residents and work restriction for ill staff to control respiratory pathogen transmission [50] . This update for understanding outbreaks in LTCFs by reviewing recent studies indicates that staff members and residents are still at risk for contagious disease outbreaks including influenza, gastroenteritis, and GAS infection. Influenza outbreak control practices and the effectiveness of interventions in long-term care facilities: a systematic review abstract: BACKGROUND: The unique characteristics of long-term care facilities (LTCFs) including host factors and living conditions contribute to the spread of contagious pathogens. Control measures are essential to interrupt the transmission and to manage outbreaks effectively. AIM: The aim of this systematic review was to verify the causes and problems contributing to transmission and to identify control measures during outbreaks in LTCFs. METHODS: Four electronic databases were searched for articles published from 2007 to 2018. Articles written in English reporting outbreaks in LTCFs were included. The quality of the studies was assessed using the risk-of-bias assessment tool for nonrandomized studies. FINDINGS: A total of 37 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. The most commonly reported single pathogen was influenza virus, followed by group A streptococcus (GAS). Of the studies that identified the cause, about half of them noted outbreaks transmitted via person-to-person. Suboptimal infection control practice including inadequate decontamination and poor hand hygiene was the most frequently raised issue propagating transmission. Especially, lapses in specific care procedures were linked with outbreaks of GAS and hepatitis B and C viruses. About 60% of the included studies reported affected cases among staff, but only a few studies implemented work restriction during outbreaks. CONCLUSIONS: This review indicates that the violation of basic infection control practice could be a major role in introducing and facilitating the spread of contagious diseases in LTCFs. It shows the need to promote compliance with basic practices of infection control to prevent outbreaks in LTCFs. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32155208/ doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229911 id: cord-286932-2gjnpqqa author: Lee, Yung title: Impact of hospital lockdown secondary to COVID-19 and past pandemics on surgical practice: A living rapid systematic review date: 2020-11-12 words: 2957.0 sentences: 196.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-286932-2gjnpqqa.txt txt: ./txt/cord-286932-2gjnpqqa.txt summary: title: Impact of hospital lockdown secondary to COVID-19 and past pandemics on surgical practice: A living rapid systematic review We included studies that assessed postoperative patient outcomes or protection measures for surgical personnel during epidemics. CONCLUSIONS: This review highlights postoperative patient outcomes during worldwide epidemics including the COVID-19 pandemic and identifies specific safety measures to minimize infection of healthcare workers. Studies reporting outcomes of patients undergoing surgery during an epidemic-caused hospital lockdown and studies investigating the impact of lockdown on surgical HCW and surgical practice were included. 23,29,35 Fourteen studies described modifying the roles of HCW during epidemics, including formation of an "Emergency Incident Command Team" to identify and separate infected patients from other patients, allowing only essential personnel to be present during procedures, and assigning staff to conduct patient screening full-time. 21 No infections or adverse outcomes were reported for HCW during the SARS epidemics (0/128) from the included studies. abstract: BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted surgical practice worldwide. There is widespread concern for surgeon and provider safety, and the implications of hospital lockdown on patient care during epidemics. METHODS: Medline, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and PubMed were systematically searched from database inception to July 1, 2020 and ongoing monthly surveillance will be conducted. We included studies that assessed postoperative patient outcomes or protection measures for surgical personnel during epidemics. RESULTS: We included 61 studies relevant to the COVID-19 pandemic and past epidemics. Lockdown measures were noted globally including cancellation of elective surgeries and outpatient clinics. The pooled postoperative complication rate during epidemics was 21.0% among 2095 surgeries. 31 studies followed the health of surgical workers with the majority noting no adverse outcomes with proper safety measures. CONCLUSIONS: This review highlights postoperative patient outcomes during worldwide epidemics including the COVID-19 pandemic and identifies specific safety measures to minimize infection of healthcare workers. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S000296102030742X doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2020.11.019 id: cord-314288-6vh7dvad author: Leibovici, L. title: Submissions and publications in Corona times date: 2020-05-15 words: 1094.0 sentences: 67.0 pages: flesch: 58.0 cache: ./cache/cord-314288-6vh7dvad.txt txt: ./txt/cord-314288-6vh7dvad.txt summary: In times of the COVID-19 pandemic we struggle at CMI between the urge to bring data to the readers as soon as possible and the necessity to publish trustworthy, robust material. Letters to the Editor: Under this format we publish interesting case reports and case series; and as expected we received many letters describing one (or a few) patients with presentations of COVID-19 that had not been described before. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of small observational studies, with ingrained biases, are not helpful. Observational studies: Now we have a good idea from published studies on the clinical course of COVID-19, and further descriptions of small groups of patients have little to add. Several studies have already been published on risk factors for symptomatic disease, severe disease and death in patients affected by the virus. Considering our readers, we publish studies on diagnostics only if tested on clinical samples, and preferably in clinical situations [6] . abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32422405/ doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2020.05.008 id: cord-345454-r1ymzk6n author: Levesque, J. title: A note on COVID-19 seroprevalence studies: a meta-analysis using hierarchical modelling date: 2020-05-06 words: 3631.0 sentences: 230.0 pages: flesch: 61.0 cache: ./cache/cord-345454-r1ymzk6n.txt txt: ./txt/cord-345454-r1ymzk6n.txt summary: Many of these studies find an antibody prevalence comparable to the false positive rate of their respective serology tests and the relatively low statistical power associated with each study has invited criticism. To determine the strength of the signal, we perform a meta-analysis on the publicly available seroprevalence data based on Bayesian hierarchical modelling with Markov Chain Monte Carlo and Generalized Linear Mixed Modelling with prediction sampling. The Santa Clara study shows a density function consistent with a high probability of a non-zero antibody prevalence, with a mean and a mode slightly greater than 1%, although we note that the posterior distribution does include zero. Figure 2 : The two dimensional marginal posterior distribution functions for antibody prevalence with the false positive rate at each study location from Bayesian hierarchical model. Figure 7 shows the resulting density functions for the antibody prevalence in each location from the GLMM prediction sampling. abstract: In recent weeks, several seroprevalence studies have appeared which attempt to determine the prevalence of antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in the population of certain European and American locations. Many of these studies find an antibody prevalence comparable to the false positive rate of their respective serology tests and the relatively low statistical power associated with each study has invited criticism. To determine the strength of the signal, we perform a meta-analysis on the publicly available seroprevalence data based on Bayesian hierarchical modelling with Markov Chain Monte Carlo and Generalized Linear Mixed Modelling with prediction sampling. We examine studies with results from Santa Clara County (CA), Los Angeles County (CA), San Miguel County (CO), Chelsea (MA), the comte de Geneve (Switzerland), and Gangelt (Germany). Our results are in broad agreement with the conclusions of the studies; we find that there is evidence for non-trivial levels of antibody prevalence across all study locations. However, we also find that a significant probability mass exists for antibody prevalence at levels lower than the reported figures. The results of our meta-analysis on the recent seroprevalence studies point to an important and strongly suggestive signal. url: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.03.20089201 doi: 10.1101/2020.05.03.20089201 id: cord-353528-8a3f5hxu author: Levy, Oren title: Shattering barriers toward clinically meaningful MSC therapies date: 2020-07-22 words: 13100.0 sentences: 546.0 pages: flesch: 34.0 cache: ./cache/cord-353528-8a3f5hxu.txt txt: ./txt/cord-353528-8a3f5hxu.txt summary: Although the mechanism of action in human patients is not well elucidated, results from pre-clinical studies of Alofisel indicate that induction of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) in the presence of inflammatory factors such as interferon- (IFN-) is critical for the therapeutic effect of MSCs. This is because the enzymatic activity of IDO can inhibit T cell function and proliferation and increase the number of regulatory T cells, leading to an increase in anti-inflammatory cytokines [e.g., interleukin-10 (IL-10)] and decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines [e.g., IFN- and tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-)] (14) . (64) reported that MSCs genetically engineered to express thioredoxin-1 (Trx1)-a powerful antioxidant, transcription factor, and growth factor regulator-improved cardiac function following MI in a rat model compared to unmodified MSCs. Although preclinical Priming MSCs with small molecules is a simple and promising approach to induce the secretion of immunomodulatory and regenerative molecules, but the effect of small molecules only lasts a few hours to a few days. abstract: More than 1050 clinical trials are registered at FDA.gov that explore multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) for nearly every clinical application imaginable, including neurodegenerative and cardiac disorders, perianal fistulas, graft-versus-host disease, COVID-19, and cancer. Several companies have or are in the process of commercializing MSC-based therapies. However, most of the clinical-stage MSC therapies have been unable to meet primary efficacy end points. The innate therapeutic functions of MSCs administered to humans are not as robust as demonstrated in preclinical studies, and in general, the translation of cell-based therapy is impaired by a myriad of steps that introduce heterogeneity. In this review, we discuss the major clinical challenges with MSC therapies, the details of these challenges, and the potential bioengineering approaches that leverage the unique biology of MSCs to overcome the challenges and achieve more potent and versatile therapies. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32832666/ doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aba6884 id: cord-031243-p6142nt1 author: Lewis, Mae M. title: From Study-Abroad to Study-at-Home: Teaching Cross-Cultural Design Thinking During COVID-19 date: 2020-09-01 words: 3106.0 sentences: 153.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-031243-p6142nt1.txt txt: ./txt/cord-031243-p6142nt1.txt summary: The online format replaced these site visits with ''''virtual field trips'''' featuring YouTube videos and readings and were assessed by discussion board posts relating them to other course activities. Students individually perform start-of-course and end-of-course self-assessments of their Global Learning and their Intercultural Knowledge and Competence 5,6 and respond to free-response reflection prompts inspired by the set proposed by the University of Michigan for international programs in engineering, 10 though substantial modifications were made for the transition to online learning. Some key ideas typically noted from interviews conducted by study-abroad students were observed in the online format as demonstrated by the students'' written reflections and actionable problem statements, e.g., differences between the US and Portuguese governments'' roles in healthcare. The online version of the class retained some of the major learning objectives in AI, breast cancer, and the role of culture in healthcare delivery and design of healthcare technologies through interviews, discussion board posts, concept maps, and tweetable actionable problem statements. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7462107/ doi: 10.1007/s43683-020-00018-9 id: cord-350565-mejd7blb author: Lewnard, Joseph A title: Emerging Challenges and Opportunities in Infectious Disease Epidemiology date: 2019-03-16 words: 6614.0 sentences: 289.0 pages: flesch: 29.0 cache: ./cache/cord-350565-mejd7blb.txt txt: ./txt/cord-350565-mejd7blb.txt summary: We next consider emerging paradigms in causal inference for infectious diseases, ranging from approaches to evaluating vaccines and antimicrobial therapies to the task of ascribing clinical syndromes to etiologic microorganisms, an age-old problem transformed by our increasing ability to characterize human-associated microbiota. We next consider emerging paradigms in causal inference for infectious diseases, ranging from approaches to evaluating vaccines and antimicrobial therapies to the task of ascribing clinical syndromes to etiologic microorganisms, an age-old problem transformed by our increasing ability to characterize human-associated microbiota. Although serosurveys have bolstered recent efforts to understand the geographic range and clinical spectrum of EBOV and Zika virus infections (47, 48) , the enhancement of dengue hemorrhagic fever risk by prior exposure (49) , and the role of immunologic history in influenza susceptibility and vaccine response (50) , there remain few examples of public health programs undertaking serological studies for routine surveillance, at least in civilian populations (51) . abstract: Much of the intellectual tradition of modern epidemiology stems from efforts to understand and combat chronic diseases persisting through the 20th century epidemiologic transition of countries such as the United States and United Kingdom. After decades of relative obscurity, infectious disease epidemiology has undergone an intellectual rebirth in recent years amid increasing recognition of the threat posed by both new and familiar pathogens. Here, we review the emerging coalescence of infectious disease epidemiology around a core set of study designs and statistical methods bearing little resemblance to the chronic disease epidemiology toolkit. We offer our outlook on challenges and opportunities facing the field, including the integration of novel molecular and digital information sources into disease surveillance, the assimilation of such data into models of pathogen spread, and the increasing contribution of models to public health practice. We next consider emerging paradigms in causal inference for infectious diseases, ranging from approaches to evaluating vaccines and antimicrobial therapies to the task of ascribing clinical syndromes to etiologic microorganisms, an age-old problem transformed by our increasing ability to characterize human-associated microbiota. These areas represent an increasingly important component of epidemiology training programs for future generations of researchers and practitioners. url: https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwy264 doi: 10.1093/aje/kwy264 id: cord-325512-eehp4uh9 author: Li, Yiwei title: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) related cytopenia: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2020-09-04 words: 2069.0 sentences: 149.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-325512-eehp4uh9.txt txt: ./txt/cord-325512-eehp4uh9.txt summary: title: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) related cytopenia: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis This systemic review and meta-analysis summaries the latest evidence from available data and determine the hematological abnormality caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and potential efficacy on the outcomes in patients with COVID-19. The meta-analysis was performed by RevMan V.5.3 program and Stata V.12.0 software after 2 reviewers independently selected literature, data extraction, bias risk evaluation and study quality assessment. RESULTS: This systematic review and meta-analysis may help provide clarify on the effect of cytopenia in patients with COVID-19. This study will be conducted in accordance with the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis protocols 2015 guidelines and the protocol has been registering in the PROSPERO database (Registration number: CRD42020187524) on 22 May 2020. The process of study selection is illustrated following a preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis guidelines (Fig. 1 ). abstract: BACKGROUND: In December 2019, the novel coronavirus pneumonia was detected in Wuhan and named COVID-19. It is an international outbreak of the respiratory illness caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Recent papers pointed out the cytopenia in COVID-19 patients including lymphopenia, neutrophilia, thrombocytopenia and lower level of hemoglobin had prognostic significance. This systemic review and meta-analysis summaries the latest evidence from available data and determine the hematological abnormality caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 and potential efficacy on the outcomes in patients with COVID-19. METHODS: This protocol for a systematic reviews and meta-analysis will be performed according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis protocols 2015 guidelines. The database of Cochrane Library, PUBMED, EMBASE, Medline, Web of Science, Google Scholar, CNKI, WanFang, as well as gray literatures from the inception to present will be comprehensively and systematically searched without limitations of regions or language. The main study outcomes will be the mortality of COVID-19 patients. The meta-analysis was performed by RevMan V.5.3 program and Stata V.12.0 software after 2 reviewers independently selected literature, data extraction, bias risk evaluation and study quality assessment. Any disagreement will be resolved by consensus to the third researcher. RESULTS: This systematic review and meta-analysis may help provide clarify on the effect of cytopenia in patients with COVID-19. The result will be published at a peer-reviewed journal. CONCLUSIONS: This proposed study will evaluate the existing evidence on the effectiveness of cytopenia in COVID-19 patients. ETHIC AND DISSEMINATION: The content of this article does not involve moral approval or ethical review because no individual data will be collected. PROSPERO REGISTRATION: CRD42020187524. url: https://doi.org/10.1097/md.0000000000022033 doi: 10.1097/md.0000000000022033 id: cord-016130-5q9ufu28 author: Linday, Linda A. title: Nutritional Supplements and Upper Respiratory Tract Illnesses in Young Children in the United States date: 2010-12-17 words: 11336.0 sentences: 528.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-016130-5q9ufu28.txt txt: ./txt/cord-016130-5q9ufu28.txt summary: Our clinical research demonstrates that daily supplementation with a flavored cod liver oil (which meets European purity standards) and a children''s multivitamin-mineral with trace metals, including Se, can decrease morbidity from upper respiratory tract illnesses, otitis media, and sinusitis in young children living in the United States. This chapter discusses the role of essential fatty acids, vitamins, and trace metals in the pathophysiology of inflammation; reviews our clinical research on the use of a lemon-flavored cod liver oil (which meets European purity standards) and a children''s chewable multivitamin-mineral with Se for the prevention and adjunctive treatment of these disorders; reviews the history of cod liver oil, including its importance in the discovery of vitamin D and the anti-infective properties of vitamin A; and discusses the current clinical use of these supplements. abstract: KEY POINTS: In the United States, children have lower blood levels than adults of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), an important ω-3 fatty acid that helps decrease inflammation; vitamin A, the “anti-infective” vitamin; and selenium (Se), a trace metal that is an intrinsic part of glutathione peroxidase, an important free-radical scavenging enzyme. EPA, vitamin A, and Se are important in controlling inflammation and can be supplied by oral nutritional supplements. Cod liver oil contains EPA (and other important ω-3 fatty acids), and vitamin A as well as vitamin D. Fish oil contains ω-3 fatty acids (including EPA) but no vitamins. Our clinical research demonstrates that daily supplementation with a flavored cod liver oil (which meets European purity standards) and a children’s multivitamin-mineral with trace metals, including Se, can decrease morbidity from upper respiratory tract illnesses, otitis media, and sinusitis in young children living in the United States. These supplements can be used by practitioners on an individual basis, when clinically indicated; the supplements can be purchased in the United States without a prescription. Socioeconomically disadvantaged children are at risk for micronutrient deficiencies. However, their families may not be able to afford to purchase these supplements, which are not available through Medicaid, The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants and Children, or the Food Stamp Program. If our results are confirmed in larger studies, a system change will be needed to provide these supplements to nutritionally vulnerable, socioeconomically disadvantaged children living in the United States. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7120316/ doi: 10.1007/978-1-59259-880-9_21 id: cord-269343-qwgmn06t author: Livingston, Gill title: Dementia prevention, intervention, and care: 2020 report of the Lancet Commission date: 2020-07-30 words: 23165.0 sentences: 1132.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-269343-qwgmn06t.txt txt: ./txt/cord-269343-qwgmn06t.txt summary: Overall, a growing body of evidence supports the nine potentially modifiable risk factors for dementia modelled by the 2017 Lancet Commission on dementia prevention, intervention, and care: less education, hypertension, hearing impairment, smoking, obesity, depression, physical inactivity, diabetes, and low social contact. 90 An individual-level meta-analysis of 19 observational studies of relatively younger adults included 404 840 participants'' data (mean baseline age 45·5 years; mean follow-up duration 14·9 years), reporting an increased incidence of all-cause dementia (HR 1·4, 95% CI 1·2-1·7) and clinically diagnosed Alzheimer''s disease (1·4, 1·1-1·7) in those who were physically inactive in the 10-year period before diagnosis. Little evidence of the effects of social interventions on dementia exists but a systematic review of low quality RCTs of 576 adults aged 60 or more years with normal cognition found facilitated meeting and discussion groups were associated with improved global cognition and increased brain volume at follow-up. abstract: nan url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0140673620303676 doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30367-6 id: cord-334849-8rblgq9b author: LoPresti, Marissa title: The Role of Host Genetic Factors in Coronavirus Susceptibility: Review of Animal and Systematic Review of Human Literature date: 2020-08-12 words: 7290.0 sentences: 456.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-334849-8rblgq9b.txt txt: ./txt/cord-334849-8rblgq9b.txt summary: 1 As with many complex diseases, the reality for most individuals likely involves a combination of genetic -including viral and host genetics -and non-genetic Relative to other coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-2 has unique biological properties and related clinical impact, but data regarding other coronaviruses may be relevant. This can help populate lists of genes that -along with data from related biological studies -may bear scrutiny in the developing and important large-scale host genetic 6 and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV)in pigs. In various species, efforts have focused on genes encoding the relevant coronavirus receptor, including effects of viral and host genetic changes and how these may impact the disease process. 30 In humans (see Tables 1 and S2 and Figures 3 and 4 for details on human studies of these genes, including specific references), studies of specific ACE2 polymorphisms have not shown significant associations with SARS-CoV-1 susceptibility or outcome. abstract: Abstract The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic raises many scientific and clinical questions. These include how host genetic factors affect disease susceptibility and pathogenesis. New work is emerging related to SARS-CoV-2; previous work has been conducted on other coronaviruses that affect different species. We reviewed the literature on host genetic factors related to coronaviruses, with a systematic focus on human studies. We identified 1,832 articles of potential relevance. Seventy-five involved human host genetic factors, of which 35 involved analysis of specific genes or loci; aside from one meta-analysis, all were candidate-driven studies, typically investigating small numbers of research subjects and loci. Three additional case reports were described. Multiple significant loci were identified, including 16 related to susceptibility (of which 7 identified protective alleles), and 16 related to outcomes (of which 3 identified protective alleles). The types of cases and controls used varied considerably; four studies used traditional replication/validation cohorts. Among other studies, 30 involved both human and non-human host genetic factors related to coronavirus, 178 involved study of non-human (animal) host genetic factors related to coronavirus, and 984 involved study of non-genetic host factors related to coronavirus, including involving immunopathogenesis. Previous human studies have been limited by issues that may be less impactful now, including low numbers of eligible participants and limited availability of advanced genomic methods; however, these may raise additional considerations. We outline key genes and loci from animal and human host genetic studies that may bear investigation COVID-19. We also discuss how previous studies may direct current lines of inquiry. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0002929720302755?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2020.08.007 id: cord-022467-j2trahab author: Loo, May title: Select Populations: Children date: 2009-05-15 words: 19061.0 sentences: 1249.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-022467-j2trahab.txt txt: ./txt/cord-022467-j2trahab.txt summary: A recent clinical trial that included children over age 12 years and used a fixedcombination homeopathic remedy for a mean 4.1 days of treatment reported that 81.5% reported subjective feelings of being symptom free or significantly improved without complaint of any adverse side effects. 4 A randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled study from Great Britain of 170 children with a starting median age of 4.2 years in the experimental group and 3.6 years in the placebo group concluded that individually prescribed homeopathic remedies seem to be ineffective in reducing symptoms or decreasing the use of antibiotics in pediatric patients with URI. 414 In a nonrandomized clinical trial involving 30 children ages 3 months to 8 years with chronic diarrhea of 2 to 4 months'' duration that was unresponsive to Western medicine and TCM, individualized acupuncture treatment eliminated symptoms and normalized stools. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7155731/ doi: 10.1016/b978-0-323-02028-2.50015-2 id: cord-278297-twiye6jv author: Lourenco, Stella F. title: No Participant Left Behind: Conducting Science During COVID-19 date: 2020-05-11 words: 1638.0 sentences: 89.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-278297-twiye6jv.txt txt: ./txt/cord-278297-twiye6jv.txt summary: Although research conducted online solves the problem of data collection, a lack of internet access among low-income and minority communities may reduce the diversity of study samples and, thus, impact the generalizability of scientific findings. Indeed, many child development laboratories are going online for the first time, a shift that is being facilitated by resources such as the Parent and Researcher Collaborative (https://childrenhelpingscience.com), a single, crowd-sourced platform where researchers from different labs can post their studies for families to participate in. As excited as we are about the promises of online testing (e.g., in fields like developmental psychology where data collection is typically slow and expensive), we are also concerned about how the demographics of online participants may shift during COVID-19. In particular, we worry that online testing may reduce the diversity of participants--especially those from low-income and minority households-whose participation in scientific research has been essential in understanding all sorts of phenomena, from language proficiency [4] and spatial reasoning [5] to academic achievement [6] and brain development [7] . abstract: Abstract Cognitive scientists have ramped up online testing in response to the coronavirus pandemic. Although research conducted online solves the problem of data collection, a lack of internet access among low-income and minority communities may reduce the diversity of study samples and, thus, impact the generalizability of scientific findings. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32451239/ doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2020.05.003 id: cord-267132-nb0j6k3h author: Loveday, H.P. title: epic3: National Evidence-Based Guidelines for Preventing Healthcare-Associated Infections in NHS Hospitals in England date: 2013-12-10 words: 43396.0 sentences: 2281.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-267132-nb0j6k3h.txt txt: ./txt/cord-267132-nb0j6k3h.txt summary: Clinical effectiveness (i.e. using prevention measures that are based on reliable evidence of efÀ cacy) is a core component of an effective strategy designed to protect patients from the risk of infection, and when combined with quality improvement methods can account for signiÀ cant reductions in HCAI such as meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Clostridium difÀ cile. Full text conÀ rms that the article: relates to infections associated with hospital hygiene; is written in English; is primary research (randomised controlled trials, prospective cohort, interrupted time series, controlled before-after, quasi-experimental, experimental studies answering speciÀ c questions), a systematic review or a meta-analysis including the above designs; and informs one or more of the review questions. 334 In a prospective cohort study using data from two randomised trials and a systematic review to estimate rates of PICC-related bloodstream infection in hospitalised patients, the author concluded that PICCs used in high-risk hospitalised patients are associated with a rate of CR-BSI similar to conventional CVCs placed in the internal jugular or subclavian veins (two to À ve per 1000 catheter-days). abstract: National evidence-based guidelines for preventing healthcare-associated infections (HCAI) in National Health Service (NHS) hospitals in England were originally commissioned by the Department of Health and developed during 1998–2000 by a nurse-led multi-professional team of researchers and specialist clinicians. Following extensive consultation, they were first published in January 2001(1) and updated in 2007.(2) A cardinal feature of evidence-based guidelines is that they are subject to timely review in order that new research evidence and technological advances can be identified, appraised and, if shown to be effective for the prevention of HCAI, incorporated into amended guidelines. Periodically updating the evidence base and guideline recommendations is essential in order to maintain their validity and authority. The Department of Health commissioned a review of new evidence and we have updated the evidence base for making infection prevention and control recommendations. A critical assessment of the updated evidence indicated that the epic2 guidelines published in 2007 remain robust, relevant and appropriate, but some guideline recommendations required adjustments to enhance clarity and a number of new recommendations were required. These have been clearly identified in the text. In addition, the synopses of evidence underpinning the guideline recommendations have been updated. These guidelines (epic3) provide comprehensive recommendations for preventing HCAI in hospital and other acute care settings based on the best currently available evidence. National evidence-based guidelines are broad principles of best practice that need to be integrated into local practice guidelines and audited to reduce variation in practice and maintain patient safety. Clinically effective infection prevention and control practice is an essential feature of patient protection. By incorporating these guidelines into routine daily clinical practice, patient safety can be enhanced and the risk of patients acquiring an infection during episodes of health care in NHS hospitals in England can be minimised. url: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0195-6701(13)60012-2 doi: 10.1016/s0195-6701(13)60012-2 id: cord-310027-846vp7ii author: Ma, Lin-Lu title: Coronavirus Disease 2019 Related Clinical Studies: A Cross-Sectional Analysis date: 2020-09-02 words: 4246.0 sentences: 245.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-310027-846vp7ii.txt txt: ./txt/cord-310027-846vp7ii.txt summary: METHODS: We did an electronic search of COVID-19 related clinical studies registered between December 1, 2019 and February 21, 2020 (updated to May 28, 2020) from the ClinicalTrials.gov, and collected registration information, study details, recruitment status, characteristics of the subjects, and relevant information about the trial implementation process. We extracted the following information from registered studies: registration number, registration date, registration title, primary sponsor, funding source, study type, study phase, study objectives, study design, length of the study, intervention, countries of recruitment and research settings, recruiting status, allocation, sample size, participant age, gender, masking, the time and method of sharing individual participant data (IPD), data management committee. Among the 943 interventional studies, 416 studies (44.1%) explored the effectiveness and/or safety of drugs commonly used in preventing and treating COVID-19, such as hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), chloroquine (CQ), immunotherapy (including stem cell therapy, monoclonal antibody, immunoregulation), lopinavir/ritonavir, glucocorticoids, interferon, targeted therapy (Baricitinib, Ruxolitinib, Imatinib), favipiravir, and Remdesivir. abstract: OBJECTIVE: The quality and rationality of many recently registered clinical studies related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) needs to be assessed. Hence, this study aims to evaluate the current status of COVID-19 related registered clinical trial. METHODS: We did an electronic search of COVID-19 related clinical studies registered between December 1, 2019 and February 21, 2020 (updated to May 28, 2020) from the ClinicalTrials.gov, and collected registration information, study details, recruitment status, characteristics of the subjects, and relevant information about the trial implementation process. RESULTS: A total of 1,706 studies were included 10.0% of which (n=171) were from France, 943 (55.3%) used an interventional design, and 600 (35.2%) used an observational design. Most of studies (73.6%) aimed to recruit fewer than 500 people. Interferon was the main prevention program, and antiviral drugs were the main treatment program. Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine (230/943, 24.4%) were widely studied. Some registered clinical trials are incomplete in content, and 37.4% of the 1,706 studies may have had insufficient sample size. CONCLUSION: The quality of COVID-19 related studies needs to be improved by strengthening the registration process and improving the quality of clinical study protocols so that these clinical studies can provide high-quality clinical evidence related to COVID-19. url: https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2020.540187 doi: 10.3389/fphar.2020.540187 id: cord-320976-y47p1c15 author: Madhwal, Sandeep title: Ambient bioaerosol distribution and associated health risks at a high traffic density junction at Dehradun city, India date: 2020-02-22 words: 6036.0 sentences: 330.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-320976-y47p1c15.txt txt: ./txt/cord-320976-y47p1c15.txt summary: An airborne bioaerosol assessment study was carried out at a high traffic density junction focusing on their concentration, contribution in respirable particulate matter (PM), and factors influencing the distribution and microbial diversity. The objectives of the study were to (i) investigate the temporal variation of cultivable airborne fungal and bacterial aerosols, (ii) understand the bioaerosol size distribution and their percentage contribution to PM, and (iii) characterize the microbial diversity at the study site. Again, this explanation is supported by the statistically significant correlation observed between bioaerosol concentrations and vehicle count during the study period (r = 0.81 and 0.73 for bacteria and fungi, respectively) (p < 0.05). Further, both bacterial and fungal bioaerosols showed no significant relationship (p > 0.05) with the rest of the meteorological variables (i.e., wind speed, solar radiation, and PBLH) suggesting that their distribution at the study site is chiefly affected by nonmeteorological factors. abstract: Traffic junctions are one of the crowded places where commuters are at high risk of developing respiratory infections, due to their greater exposure to airborne and human transmitted microbial pathogens. An airborne bioaerosol assessment study was carried out at a high traffic density junction focusing on their concentration, contribution in respirable particulate matter (PM), and factors influencing the distribution and microbial diversity. Andersen six-stage viable cascade impactor and a wide-range aerosol spectrometer were used for microbial and particulate matter measurements, respectively. Statistical analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationship between bioaerosol concentration, vehicular count, PM concentration, and meteorological parameters. The mean bacteria concentration (1962.95 ± 651.85 CFU/m(3)) was significantly different than fungi (1118.95 ± 428.34 CFU/m(3)) (p < 0.05). The temporal distribution showed maximum concentration for bacteria and fungi during monsoon and postmonsoon seasons, respectively. In terms of bioaerosol loading, a considerable fraction of fungi (3.25%) and bacteria (5.65%) contributed to the total airborne PM. Most abundant bioaerosols were Aspergillus (27.58%), Penicillium (23%), and Cladosporium (14.05%) (fungi), and Micrococcus (25.73%), Staphylococcus (17.98%), and Bacillus (13.8%) (bacteria). Traffic-induced roadside soil resuspension and microbial aerosolizations from the human body were identified as the chief sources of bioaerosol emissions. The risk of lower respiratory tract infections caused by anthroponotic (human transmitted) transfer of bacterial pathogens is very high. The results of the study can be used to trace sources of microbial mediated communicable diseases, and to recommend appropriate safety measures to avoid pathogenic bioaerosol exposure. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1007/s10661-020-8158-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-020-8158-9 doi: 10.1007/s10661-020-8158-9 id: cord-348490-dqabq6d8 author: Maeder, Muriel N. title: Sickle-cell disease in febrile children living in a rural village of Madagascar and association with malaria and respiratory infections date: 2016-12-01 words: 4287.0 sentences: 210.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-348490-dqabq6d8.txt txt: ./txt/cord-348490-dqabq6d8.txt summary: title: Sickle-cell disease in febrile children living in a rural village of Madagascar and association with malaria and respiratory infections From May 2011 to November 2013, a cross-sectional study was conducted in the rural village of Ampasimanjeva in the south east cost of Madagascar aiming to identify blood-borne protein biomarkers that can differentiate the causes of unexplained acute febrile illness in children. Our study shows that prevalence of SCD was 2.4% and that of SCT 23.8% among children aged 2-59 months presenting with fever and living in high endemic area for malaria. However, among the 23 viral and atypical bacteria pathogens studied, there was no statistical difference in prevalence between the three groups for 20 of them and include HRV the most common respiratory virus detected or influenza virus A (H1N1)/ pdm09 known to increase disease severity in children with SCD [29] . abstract: BACKGROUND: In Madagascar, the last study on sickle cell disease (SCD) was done in the early 1980s. The country is known as endemic for malaria and respiratory infections. The main objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of SCD; the secondary objective was to evaluate its association with malaria and respiratory infections. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study which was carried out in a rural village in the south east coast of Madagascar between May 2011 and November 2013. Participants were children aged between 2–59 months presenting with fever measured by axillary temperature ≥37.5 °C at inclusion. Genotyping of haemoglobin S was done by PCR and malaria was diagnosed by Rapid Diagnostic Test. Research for viral and atypical bacterial respiratory pathogens was performed on nasopharyngeal swabs. Uni-and multivariate polytomous logistic regression was done to assess associations between microbiological results and SCD status, with HbAA phenotype as reference. RESULTS: A total of 807 children were analysed. Prevalence of SCD among febrile children was 2.4% (95% CI, 1.5–3.7%) and that of SCT was 23.8% (95% CI, 20.9–26.9%). There was no difference in the prevalence of malaria infection according to haemoglobin status (p = 0.3). Rhinovirus (22.5%), adenovirus (14.1%), and bocavirus (11.6%) were the most common respiratory pathogens detected. After univariate analysis, patients with SCD were more frequently infected by parechovirus (p = 0.01), while patients with SCT were more prone to RSV A or B infection (p = 0.01). After multivariate analysis, HbAS phenotype was associated with higher risk of RSV A and B infection compared to HbAA (adjusted OR = 1.9; 95% CI: 1.2–3.1, p = 0.009), while HbSS phenotype was associated with higher risk of parechovirus infection (adjusted OR = 6.0; 95% CI: 1.1–31.3, p = 0.03) compared to HbAA, independently of age, gender, period per quarter, and the other viruses. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of SCD among under-five children presenting with fever was high in the study population. No association was found between SCT and malaria but few viruses, especially parechovirus, seem to play an important role in the occurrence of pneumoniae among SCD patients. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27980789/ doi: 10.1186/s12878-016-0069-1 id: cord-286237-x6dr6rsh author: Maes, Bastiaan title: Treatment of severely ill COVID-19 patients with anti-interleukin drugs (COV-AID): A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial date: 2020-06-03 words: 11252.0 sentences: 579.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-286237-x6dr6rsh.txt txt: ./txt/cord-286237-x6dr6rsh.txt summary: -mechanical ventilation > 24 h at randomization -clinical frailty scale above 3 -active bacterial or fungal infection -unlikely to survive beyond 48h -neutrophil count below 1500 cells/microliter -platelets below 50.000/microliter -Patients enrolled in another investigational drug study -patients on high dose systemic steroids (> 8 mg methylprednisolone or equivalent for more than 1 month) for COVID-19 unrelated disorder -patients on immunosuppressant or immunomodulatory drugs -patients on current anti-IL1 or anti-IL6 treatment -signs of active tuberculosis -serum transaminase levels >5 times upper limit of normal, unless there are clear signs of cytokine release syndrome defined by LDH >300 IU/L and ferritin >700 ng/ml -history of (non-iatrogenic) bowel perforation or diverticulitis -Pregnant or breastfeeding females (all female subjects deemed of childbearing potential by the investigator must have negative pregnancy test at screening) 5.2.1. abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to test the safety and effectiveness of individually or simultaneously blocking IL-6, IL-6 receptor and IL-1 versus standard of care on blood oxygenation and systemic cytokine release syndrome in patients with COVID-19 coronavirus infection and acute hypoxic respiratory failure and systemic cytokine release syndrome. TRIAL DESIGN: A phase 3 prospective, multi-center, interventional, open label, 6-arm 2x2 factorial design study. PARTICIPANTS: Subjects will be recruited at the specialized COVID-19 wards and/or ICUs at 16 Belgian participating hospitals. Only adult (≥18y old) patients will be recruited with recent (≤16 days) COVID-19 infection and acute hypoxia (defined as PaO2/FiO2 below 350mmHg or PaO2/FiO2 below 280 on supplemental oxygen and immediately requiring high flow oxygen device or mechanical ventilation) and signs of systemic cytokine release syndrome characterized by high serum ferritin, or high D-dimers, or high LDH or deep lymphopenia or a combination of those, who have not been on mechanical ventilation for more than 24 hours before randomisation. Patients should have had a chest X-ray and/or CT scan showing bilateral infiltrates within the last 2 days before randomisation. Patients with active bacterial or fungal infection will be excluded. INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR: Patients will be randomized to 1 of 5 experimental arms versus usual care. The experimental arms consist of Anakinra alone (anti-IL-1 binding the IL-1 receptor), Siltuximab alone (anti-IL-6 chimeric antibody), a combination of Siltuximab and Anakinra, Tocilizumab alone (humanised anti-IL-6 receptor antibody) or a combination of Anakinra with Tocilizumab in addition to standard care. Patients treated with Anakinra will receive a daily subcutaneous injection of 100mg for a maximum of 28 days or until hospital discharge, whichever comes first. Siltuximab (11mg/kg) or Tocilizumab (8mg/kg, with a maximum dose of 800mg) are administered as a single intravenous injection immediately after randomization. MAIN OUTCOMES: The primary end point is the time to clinical improvement defined as the time from randomization to either an improvement of two points on a six-category ordinal scale measured daily till day 28 or discharge from the hospital or death. This ordinal scale is composed of (1) Death; (2) Hospitalized, on invasive mechanical ventilation or ECMO; (3) Hospitalized, on non-invasive ventilation or high flow oxygen devices; (4) Hospitalized, requiring supplemental oxygen; (5) Hospitalized, not requiring supplemental oxygen; (6) Not hospitalized. RANDOMISATION: Patients will be randomized using an Interactive Web Response System (REDCap). A 2x2 factorial design was selected with a 2:1 randomization regarding the IL-1 blockade (Anakinra) and a 1:2 randomization regarding the IL-6 blockade (Siltuximab and Tocilizumab). BLINDING (MASKING): In this open-label trial neither participants, caregivers, nor those assessing the outcomes are blinded to group assignment. NUMBERS TO BE RANDOMISED (SAMPLE SIZE): A total of 342 participants will be enrolled: 76 patients will receive usual care, 76 patients will receive Siltuximab alone, 76 patients will receive Tocilizumab alone, 38 will receive Anakinra alone, 38 patients will receive Anakinra and Siltuximab and 38 patients will receive Anakinra and Tocilizumab. TRIAL STATUS: COV-AID protocol version 3.0 (15 Apr 2020). Participant recruitment is ongoing and started on April 4(th) 2020. Given the current decline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Belgium, it is difficult to anticipate the rate of participant recruitment. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial was registered on Clinical Trials.gov on April 1st, 2020 (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04330638) and on EudraCT on April 3rd 2020 (Identifier: 2020-001500-41). FULL PROTOCOL: The full protocol is attached as an additional file, accessible from the Trials website (Additional file 1). In the interest in expediting dissemination of this material, the familiar formatting has been eliminated; this Letter serves as a summary of the key elements of the full protocol. url: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-020-04453-5 doi: 10.1186/s13063-020-04453-5 id: cord-255230-i6q73bhs author: Makhanova, Anastasia title: Capturing Fluctuations in Pathogen Avoidance: the Situational Pathogen Avoidance Scale date: 2020-08-13 words: 12464.0 sentences: 682.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-255230-i6q73bhs.txt txt: ./txt/cord-255230-i6q73bhs.txt summary: Across six studies, we demonstrate the reliability and validity of the SPA scale, show that the scale is influenced by situational activation of pathogen avoidance motives, and demonstrate that it mediates the association between pathogen avoidance motives (both chronic and situational) and social biases against obese and foreign targets. Study 1 is a preliminary study intended to establish the reliability and factor structure of the scale and examine predictive validity by assessing the association between the SPA scale and aversive reactions toward an obese target (a heuristic cue associated with pathogen avoidance). Study 1 provides initial evidence for the reliability and the one-factor structure of the SPA scale and examined whether SPA scores were associated with bias against a target linked to heuristic pathogen threat (an obese target). Additionally, individuals who reported higher (relative to lower) SPA scores also reported more aversive reactions toward an obese target, consistent with prior research linking pathogen avoidance to prejudice against targets heuristically associated with illness. abstract: Pathogen avoidance is an important motive underlying human behavior and is associated with numerous psychological processes—including biases against social groups heuristically associated with illness. Although there are reliable measurement scales to assess chronic dispositional levels of pathogen avoidance, no measurement scale currently exists to directly assess moment-to-moment fluctuations in pathogen avoidance. This paper presents the Situational Pathogen Avoidance (SPA) scale, which assesses situational variability in pathogen avoidance, especially as it pertains to avoidance of social stimuli. Across six studies, we demonstrate the reliability and validity of the SPA scale, show that the scale is influenced by situational activation of pathogen avoidance motives, and demonstrate that it mediates the association between pathogen avoidance motives (both chronic and situational) and social biases against obese and foreign targets. The SPA scale provides a valuable measurement tool for researchers who study pathogen avoidance and to those who study social biases more generally. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1007/s40806-020-00256-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40806-020-00256-8 doi: 10.1007/s40806-020-00256-8 id: cord-293186-yxpkqbey author: Mamo, Yitagesu title: Perception Toward Quarantine for COVID-19 Among Adult Residents of Selected Towns in Southwest Ethiopia date: 2020-10-30 words: 4591.0 sentences: 286.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-293186-yxpkqbey.txt txt: ./txt/cord-293186-yxpkqbey.txt summary: The aim of this study was to assess public perceptions toward quarantine for COVID-19 and associated factors among adult residents of selected towns in Southwest Ethiopia, 2020. 3 A broad range of public health strategy would be employed against a pandemic disease like COVID-19, from relatively innocuous techniques, such as disease surveillance and hygienic measures, to considerably more restrictive interventions, such as social distancing, travel restrictions, quarantine, and case isolation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess community perception toward quarantine for COVID-19 and associated factors among adult residents of selected towns in Southwest Ethiopia, 2020. After controlling possible confounding variables in multiple linear regression, having training on COVID-19, educational status, occupation, knowledge of COVID-19, and knowledge of quarantine were significantly associated with perception toward quarantine. According to this study, having training on COVID-19 was positively associated with perception toward quarantine. The finding from this study also revealed that knowledge of COVID-19 was associated with more positive perception of quarantine. abstract: BACKGROUND: COVID-19 is a global pandemic caused by a transmissible respiratory virus, SARS-Cov-2. Because it is a novel pathogen, limited information is available to characterize the spectrum of clinical illness, transmission efficiency, and the duration of viral shedding for patients with COVID-19. Quarantine is an important component of a multilayered strategy to prevent sustained spread of COVID-19 everywhere. The aim of this study was to assess public perceptions toward quarantine for COVID-19 and associated factors among adult residents of selected towns in Southwest Ethiopia, 2020. METHODS: The community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 to 15 June 2020 among adult residents of selected towns in south west Ethiopia. Systematic random sampling was used to select 844 participants. A structured and interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. Descriptive statistics were used to describe different variables. Multiple linear regression was carried out to determine the predictors of outcome variables. In multiple linear regression, variables with p-value <0.05 were taken as statistically significant association with community perception toward quarantine. RESULTS: The total of 816 study participants were interviewed from which 450 (55.1%) were male. The median age of respondents was 30 years. Four hundred and twenty-seven (52.3%) of the respondents have a positive perception toward quarantine. Factors associated with perception toward quarantine were having training on COVID-19 (β=2.76, p=0.005), educational status of secondary (β=2.73, p=0.001), educational status to above secondary (β=2.24, p=0.011), occupational status of merchant (β=1.73, p=0.020), and knowledge of COVID-19 (β=0.23, p=0.001). CONCLUSION: Only 52.3% of the respondents have a positive perception toward quarantine. Having training on COVID-19, educational status of secondary and above, being a merchant, knowledge of COVID-19 and knowledge of quarantine were significantly associated with a positive perception toward quarantine. Concerned bodies should work on enhancing the awareness of the community through information education and communication/behavior changing communication materials. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33154661/ doi: 10.2147/ijgm.s277273 id: cord-268417-6eyetb5i author: Mandel, Benjamin title: Neutralization of Animal Viruses date: 1978-12-31 words: 23012.0 sentences: 1239.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-268417-6eyetb5i.txt txt: ./txt/cord-268417-6eyetb5i.txt summary: Somewhat earlier, Morgan (1945''1 had reported that discrepancies in the quantitative aspects of the neutralization of WEE virus by immune rabbit sera were related to the use of fresh or heated serum, and that the addition of complement to the latter tended to eliminate the discrepancies. Further studies (Radwan et al., 1973) showed that the addition of complement to virus complexed with dependent antibody eventually resulted in lysis of the viral membrane. It was also shown (Yoshino and Taniguchi, 1966 ) that antibodies induced in guinea pigs by immunization, and in humans following herpes infection, were initially dependent and later independent of complement for neutralizing activity. A relevant observation has been made in several studies; neutralization of infectious virus-antibody complexes by antiglobulin also shows a single-hit mechanism, and at a rate that exceeds the rate of the homotypic reaction. abstract: Publisher Summary Various aspects of the interaction of bacterial viruses and antibody were studied by Andrewes and Elford in England. Similar studies, as well as studies on animal viruses, were carried out in Australia by Burnet and his colleagues. One result of their extensive studies, which were summarized in great detail, was the conclusion that, with respect to their interaction with antibody, bacterial and animal viruses were basically different. Specifically, the difference resided in the stability of the union of virus and antibody, whereas bacterial viruses formed stable complexes, animal viruses formed complexes that tended to dissociate readily. The introduction of animal cell cultures as host systems greatly aided in the study of animal viruses, with respect to fewer and more readily controlled variables, and by the use of the plaque assay in enhanced quantitative reliability. In 1956, Dulbecco et al. described the interaction of two animal viruses with their respective antibodies. The results of these studies led these investigators to conclude, among other things, that animal viruses, at least the two they studied, reacted with antibodies to form complexes that did not dissociate spontaneously. This interpretation was challenged by Fazekas de St. Groth and Reid. As more animal virus-antibody systems were studied by many investigators, there seemed to be a greater accord for irreversible, rather than reversible, interaction. For this reason, in this chapter it is assumed that there are no differences between bacterial viruses, as one category, and animal viruses, as a separate category, concerning their interaction with antibodies. Rather, differences, when they exist, are considered to be related to the viruses per se. Although this chapter is intended to survey the neutralization of animal viruses, occasional reference is made to the studies on bacterial viruses when these studies are pertinent and illuminating to the topic at hand. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/107731/ doi: 10.1016/s0065-3527(08)60101-3 id: cord-253000-nwbmxepi author: Margină, Denisa title: Chronic Inflammation in the Context of Everyday Life: Dietary Changes as Mitigating Factors date: 2020-06-10 words: 8273.0 sentences: 424.0 pages: flesch: 37.0 cache: ./cache/cord-253000-nwbmxepi.txt txt: ./txt/cord-253000-nwbmxepi.txt summary: Fasting in combination with calorie restriction modulates molecular mechanisms such as m-TOR, FOXO, NRF2, AMPK, and sirtuins, ultimately leads to significantly reduced inflammatory marker levels, as well as improved metabolic markers. It has been found that intermittent fasting can prevent and reverse all aspects of metabolic syndrome in rodents: body fat, inflammation, and blood pressure are reduced; insulin sensitivity is increased; and the functional capacity of the neuromuscular and cardiovascular systems are improved [151] [152] [153] . In another study, which used the same fasting guidelines, improved metabolic markers were observed after periodic fasting, including a decrease in blood glucose levels associated with changes in gut microbiome composition [73] . These changes include increased fiber and polyphenol intake compared to the current western diets, but also well-structured, personalized fasting protocols, which can reduce the risk of metabolic disorders (Figure 3) . abstract: The lifestyle adopted by most people in Western societies has an important impact on the propensity to metabolic disorders (e.g., diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative diseases). This is often accompanied by chronic low-grade inflammation, driven by the activation of various molecular pathways such as STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3), IKK (IκB kinase), MMP9 (matrix metallopeptidase 9), MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinases), COX2 (cyclooxigenase 2), and NF-Kβ (nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells). Multiple intervention studies have demonstrated that lifestyle changes can lead to reduced inflammation and improved health. This can be linked to the concept of real-life risk simulation, since humans are continuously exposed to dietary factors in small doses and complex combinations (e.g., polyphenols, fibers, polyunsaturated fatty acids, etc.). Inflammation biomarkers improve in patients who consume a certain amount of fiber per day; some even losing weight. Fasting in combination with calorie restriction modulates molecular mechanisms such as m-TOR, FOXO, NRF2, AMPK, and sirtuins, ultimately leads to significantly reduced inflammatory marker levels, as well as improved metabolic markers. Moving toward healthier dietary habits at the individual level and in publicly-funded institutions, such as schools or hospitals, could help improving public health, reducing healthcare costs and improving community resilience to epidemics (such as COVID-19), which predominantly affects individuals with metabolic diseases. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32531935/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17114135 id: cord-280111-6hiuzkvz author: Maspero, Cinzia title: Available Technologies, Applications and Benefits of Teleorthodontics. A Literature Review and Possible Applications during the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-06-17 words: 6913.0 sentences: 358.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-280111-6hiuzkvz.txt txt: ./txt/cord-280111-6hiuzkvz.txt summary: This literature review aims at reducing in-office appointments by providing an overview of the technologies available and their reliability in the long-distance monitoring of patients, i.e., teledentistry. As no reviews have yet been carried out on the efficacy of teleassistance in orthodontics as a way to manage patients at a distance, we would like to report on the evidence available as to the possibility of implementing new technologies in teleassistance, generally known by teleorthodontics to help during the COVID-19 pandemic to remotely monitor patients'' conditions. The attitudes toward teleassistance in orthodontics, and in general, dentistry by respective dental care professionals, was investigated in several studies which confirmed it was as an effective alternative to in-office visits for several routine procedures and to make consultations more accessible to dentists and patients [23, 38] . abstract: Background: COVID-2019 spread rapidly throughout the world from China. This infection is highly contagiousness, has a high morbidity, and is capable of evolving into a potentially lethal form of interstitial pneumonia. Numerous countries shut-down various activities that were considered “not essential.” Dental treatment was in this category and, at the time of writing, only non-deferrable emergencies are still allowed in many countries. Therefore, follow-up visits of ongoing active therapies (e.g., orthodontic treatment) must be handled taking special precautions. This literature review aims at reducing in-office appointments by providing an overview of the technologies available and their reliability in the long-distance monitoring of patients, i.e., teledentistry. Methods: A literature review was made according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols (PRISMA-P) guidelines. Randomized clinical trials, cross sectional, observational, and case-control studies were evaluated with the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool for quality assessment and study limitations. Results: A primary search found 80 articles, 69/80 were excluded as non-relevant on the basis of: the abstract, title, study design, bias, and/or lack of relevance. Twelve articles were included in the qualitative analysis. Conclusions: Teleorthodontics can manage most emergencies, reassuring and following patients remotely. The aim set by dental teleassistance was met as it reduced patients’ office visits whilst maintaining regular monitoring, without compromising the results. Although our preliminary findings should be further investigated to objectively evaluate the efficacy, cost-effectiveness, and long-term results, we are confident that teleassistance in orthodontics will have a role to play in the near future. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32560322/ doi: 10.3390/jcm9061891 id: cord-265605-32gy8w8b author: Matthews, Michael title: Development of a psychosocial intervention to support informal caregivers of people with end-stage kidney disease receiving haemodialysis date: 2020-10-01 words: 5004.0 sentences: 219.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-265605-32gy8w8b.txt txt: ./txt/cord-265605-32gy8w8b.txt summary: The aim of this study is therefore to explore the experiences and unmet needs of informal carers of people with end-stage kidney disease receiving haemodialysis and develop a psychosocial intervention to support them in their caring role. The aim of this study is explore the experiences and unmet needs of informal carers of people with end-stage kidney disease receiving haemodialysis and develop a suitable psychosocial intervention to address their needs and support them in their caring role. The objectives of this study are to -To complete a systematic review of previous research related to experiences, needs, and interventions developed for informal carers of patients with end-stage kidney disease receiving haemodialysis. To hold a national workshop in order to share findings from the semi-structured interviews completed with informal carers and focus groups completed with healthcare professionals and so inform the development of a psychosocial intervention for informal carers of patients with end-stage kidney disease receiving haemodialysis. abstract: BACKGROUND: Patients with end-stage kidney disease, receiving haemodialysis rely increasingly on informal carers to help manage their debilitating chronic disease. Informal carers may experience a negative impact on their quality of life exacting a toll on their physical, social and emotional well-being. Informal carers of patients with end-stage kidney disease receiving haemodialysis have significant unmet needs which may include physical and psychological issues, financial disadvantage and social isolation. Poor experiences of informal carers may also impact the experience of the patients for whom they care. The needs of this group of informal caregivers have been largely neglected, with little emphasis placed on supportive interventions that might assist and support them in their caring role. The aim of this study is therefore to explore the experiences and unmet needs of informal carers of people with end-stage kidney disease receiving haemodialysis and develop a psychosocial intervention to support them in their caring role. METHODS: This qualitative study will include a systematic review, semi-structured interviews with 30 informal carers and focus groups with renal health care professionals. Perceptions of care provision, caregiving experiences as well as contextual factors impacting the design and delivery of a psychosocial intervention for informal carers of patients with end-stage kidney disease, will be explored and will inform the development of a supportive intervention. DISCUSSION: The needs of informal carers of patients with end-stage kidney disease have been neglected with little emphasis placed on supportive interventions that might assist and support this group in their care giving role. This is in contrast to other chronic disease groups such as stroke, cancer and dementia. In these conditions well developed supportive interventions have significantly improved outcomes in regard to informal caregivers’ preparedness, competence, positive emotions and psychological well-being in terms of informal care provision. Support interventions could potentially improve the quality of life of those informal carers who provide care to patients with end-stage kidney disease receiving haemodialysis. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32998706/ doi: 10.1186/s12882-020-02075-2 id: cord-341097-c96hm610 author: Mayer, Craig S. title: Analysis of data dictionary formats of HIV clinical trials date: 2020-10-05 words: 6899.0 sentences: 366.0 pages: flesch: 57.0 cache: ./cache/cord-341097-c96hm610.txt txt: ./txt/cord-341097-c96hm610.txt summary: To facilitate aggregation across studies, we defined three types of data dictionary (data element, forms, and permissible values) and created a simple information model for each type. The presented study is limited to data dictionary analysis, although the motivation is to later analyze a large body of past HIV data elements to inform data-driven consensus on CDEs. This study is part of a larger research project titled ''Identification of Research Common Data Elements in HIV/AIDS using data science methods'' [12] . We use the term Forms Data Dictionary (or forms dictionary in shorter form) to refer to a data dictionary that provides a full list of titles and descriptions of all Case Report Forms (CRFs) used in the study (or other relevant metadata for data element grouping). Use of categorical data elements in research is extremely common and, as stated earlier, most studies would be expected to provide a permissible value dictionary. abstract: BACKGROUND: Efforts to define research Common Data Elements try to harmonize data collection across clinical studies. OBJECTIVE: Our goal was to analyze the quality and usability of data dictionaries of HIV studies. METHODS: For the clinical domain of HIV, we searched data sharing platforms and acquired a set of 18 HIV related studies from which we analyzed 26 328 data elements. We identified existing standards for creating a data dictionary and reviewed their use. To facilitate aggregation across studies, we defined three types of data dictionary (data element, forms, and permissible values) and created a simple information model for each type. RESULTS: An average study had 427 data elements (ranging from 46 elements to 9 945 elements). In terms of data type, 48.6% of data elements were string, 47.8% were numeric, 3.0% were date and 0.6% were date-time. No study in our sample explicitly declared a data element as a categorical variable and rather considered them either strings or numeric. Only for 61% of studies were we able to obtain permissible values. The majority of studies used CSV files to share a data dictionary while 22% of the studies used a non-computable, PDF format. All studies grouped their data elements. The average number of groups or forms per study was 24 (ranging between 2 and 124 groups/forms). An accurate and well formatted data dictionary facilitates error-free secondary analysis and can help with data de-identification. CONCLUSION: We saw features of data dictionaries that made them difficult to use and understand. This included multiple data dictionary files or non-machine-readable documents, data elements included in data but not in the dictionary or missing data types or descriptions. Building on experience with aggregating data elements across a large set of studies, we created a set of recommendations (called CONSIDER statement) that can guide optimal data sharing of future studies. url: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0240047 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240047 id: cord-267076-a4ulg4ck author: Mechili, Enkeleint A. title: Is the mental health of young students and their family members affected during the quarantine period? Evidence from the COVID‐19 pandemic in Albania. date: 2020-07-13 words: 4026.0 sentences: 249.0 pages: flesch: 59.0 cache: ./cache/cord-267076-a4ulg4ck.txt txt: ./txt/cord-267076-a4ulg4ck.txt summary: AIM: This study aimed to assess the levels of depression among bachelor and master university students (nurses/midwives) and their family members'' during the quarantine period of COVID‐19 pandemic. Being unsatisfied with COVID‐19 prevention measures, beliefs that COVID‐19 infection and quarantine process can cause problems on their health status were the key factors for students to be screened positive for mental problems in multiple regression analysis. Therefore, given, the psychological burden caused by similar emergencies in the past, this study aimed to evaluate the levels of depression of students (nursing and midwifery) and their family members'' during the quarantine period. Both students and family members who considered that quarantine itself and COVID-19 can cause problems on their health were more likely to be have high levels of depression. This is the first study to measure the depression levels of nursing/midwifery students and their family members in Albania during the COVID-19 outbreak and quarantine period. abstract: INTRODUCTION: The use of quarantine method has a significant impact on mental health status. AIM: This study aimed to assess the levels of depression among bachelor and master university students (nurses/midwives) and their family members’ during the quarantine period of COVID‐19 pandemic. METHOD: A cross‐sectional study was conducted in Vlora University, Albania. Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ‐9) was used. Institutional e‐mails of all active students were used for their recruitment. RESULTS: In total, 863 students and 249 family members participated in the study. The mean PHQ‐9 score was 6.220 (SD=5.803) and 6.280 (SD=5.857) for students and family members, respectively. Being unsatisfied with COVID‐19 prevention measures, beliefs that COVID‐19 infection and quarantine process can cause problems on their health status were the key factors for students to be screened positive for mental problems in multiple regression analysis. For parents, the last two factors were found to contribute significantly. DISCUSSION: Our findings indicate that quarantine measures have a significant impact on the levels of depression among both university students and their family members. Broader population studies are necessary to safeguard these results. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Provision of mental health services during the quarantine period is of paramount significance. Mental health first aid trainingand support could benefit both students and their parents significantly. Additionally, follow up services after the end of quarantine are recommended. url: https://doi.org/10.1111/jpm.12672 doi: 10.1111/jpm.12672 id: cord-259012-rk0sd9i5 author: Mehta, Hemal title: Trends in Real-World Neovascular AMD Treatment Outcomes in the UK date: 2020-10-14 words: 7092.0 sentences: 354.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-259012-rk0sd9i5.txt txt: ./txt/cord-259012-rk0sd9i5.txt summary: PURPOSE: To report trends in real-world outcomes of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in the United Kingdom (UK) over the last decade. The following multipurpose (.mp) search terms and Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms where available were used: macular degeneration, age related macula degeneration, AMD, nAMD, neovascular, wet, VEGF, anti-VEGF, ranibizumab, Lucentis, aflibercept, Eylea, bevacizumab, Avastin, visual acuity, visual outcomes, vision, ocular, blindness, registry, database, long term study/studies, observational study/studies, Phase IV study/studies, real world, real-world, United Kingdom, UK, Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, England. Predicting visual outcomes in patients treated with aflibercept for neovascular age-related macular degeneration: data from a real-world clinical setting Impact of injection frequency on 5-year real-world visual acuity outcomes of aflibercept therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration Realworld visual and clinical outcomes for patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration treated with intravitreal ranibizumab: an 8-year observational cohort (AMD8) abstract: PURPOSE: To report trends in real-world outcomes of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) in the United Kingdom (UK) over the last decade. DESIGN: Systematic review. METHODS: Medline, PubMed, and Embase databases were searched from 9 April 2010 to 8 April 2020 for publications that met the inclusion criteria: treatment-naïve eyes, UK-only data and ≥1 year of follow-up. ICHOM (International Consortium for Health Outcome Measures) outcomes and study quality were assessed. Visual acuity (VA) trends were assessed in studies with ≥100 eyes at baseline. RESULTS: Twenty-six studies (n=25,761 eyes) were included, meeting 14–17 out of 20 Institute of Health Economics Quality Appraisal of Case Series checklist domains. Only ranibizumab and aflibercept outcome data were available. The mean injection number in the first year of treatment was 5.9 in publications from 2010 to 2015 and 7.1 from 2015 to 2020. Average baseline VA and mean one-year, two-year and three-year VA gains gradually improved over the last decade. Longer-term studies reported that the visual gains achieved in the first year of treatment were rarely maintained, with under-treatment a likely contributing factor. CONCLUSION: UK real-world outcomes have improved over the last decade with improved service delivery and the adoption of more proactive treatment regimens but are still not always as impressive as registration clinical trial results. Access to longer-acting anti-VEGF therapies would reduce the treatment burden for patients, carers, and the healthcare system, potentially making replication of clinical trial results possible in the NHS. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33116384/ doi: 10.2147/opth.s275977 id: cord-335109-czheponh author: Meidenbauer, Kimberly L. title: The Affective Benefits of Nature Exposure: What’s Nature Got to Do with It? date: 2020-09-18 words: 9530.0 sentences: 474.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-335109-czheponh.txt txt: ./txt/cord-335109-czheponh.txt summary: In one set of studies (Study 1 and 2), state affect before and after image viewing was examined as a function of both preference level (high, low, very high, or very low aesthetic value) and environment type (nature or urban). Despite work identifying preference as an influence in the emotional benefits of nature exposure (Mayer et al., 2009; Beute & de Kort, 2014; White et al., 2010; Browning et al., 2020) , many studies linking nature contact to psychological well-being do not assess preference for these environments, or examine how affect change relates to preference (Lee et al., 2009; Tsunetsugu et al., 2013; Valtchanov et al., 2010) . Additionally, to analyze the role of individual differences in preference for the images, a linear regression predicting change in affect by participants'' average preference rating (ignoring condition) was conducted (Analysis 5). abstract: Nature interactions have been demonstrated to produce reliable affective benefits. While adults demonstrate strong preferences for natural environments over urban ones, it is not clear whether these affective benefits result from exposure to nature stimuli per se, or result from viewing a highly preferred stimulus. In one set of studies (Study 1 and 2), state affect before and after image viewing was examined as a function of both preference level (high, low, very high, or very low aesthetic value) and environment type (nature or urban). When aesthetic value was matched, no differences in affect change were found between environments. However, affect change was predicted by individual participants’ ratings for the images. The largest affective benefits occurred after viewing very high aesthetic nature images, but Study 2 lacked an equivalently preferred urban image set. In a second set of studies (Study 3 and 4), new sets of very highly preferred images in categories other than nature scenes (urban scenes and animals) were employed. As before, individual differences in preference for the images (but not image category) was predictive of changes in affect. In Study 5, the nature and urban images from Study 1were rated on beauty to assess whether the stimuli’s preference ratings were capturing anything other than simple aesthetics. Results showed that beauty/aesthetics and preference (‘liking’) were nearly identical. Lastly, a replication of Study 2 (Study 6) was conducted to test whether priming preference accounted for these benefits, but this was not the case. Together, these results suggest that nature improves affective state because it is such a highly preferred environment. url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2020.101498 doi: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2020.101498 id: cord-256145-4rcy64y8 author: Menzies-Gow, Andrew title: DESTINATION: a phase 3, multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial to evaluate the long-term safety and tolerability of tezepelumab in adults and adolescents with severe, uncontrolled asthma date: 2020-10-21 words: 5263.0 sentences: 239.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-256145-4rcy64y8.txt txt: ./txt/cord-256145-4rcy64y8.txt summary: title: DESTINATION: a phase 3, multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial to evaluate the long-term safety and tolerability of tezepelumab in adults and adolescents with severe, uncontrolled asthma DESTINATION is an ongoing phase 3, multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallelgroup LTE study aiming to evaluate the long-term safety and tolerability of tezepelumab 210 mg administered subcutaneously (SC) every 4 weeks (Q4W) in adults (18-80 years old) and adolescents (12-17 years old) treatment cessation. DESTINATION aims to evaluate the long-term safety, tolerability and efficacy of tezepelumab compared with placebo in patients with severe, uncontrolled asthma who complete the NAVIGATOR or SOURCE predecessor studies and continue dosing for approximately 1 year. DESTINATION is an LTE study that is evaluating the long-term safety and tolerability of tezepelumab versus placebo, with continued dosing for approximately 1 year after patients with severe, uncontrolled asthma complete the phase 3 NAVIGATOR or SOURCE tezepelumab studies. abstract: BACKGROUND: Tezepelumab is a human monoclonal antibody that blocks the activity of the epithelial cytokine thymic stromal lymphopoietin. The efficacy, safety and oral corticosteroid-sparing potential of tezepelumab are being investigated in two ongoing, phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies (NAVIGATOR [NCT03347279] and SOURCE [NCT03406078]). DESTINATION (NCT03706079) is a long-term extension (LTE) of these studies. METHODS: DESTINATION is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled LTE study in adults (18–80 years old) and adolescents (12–17 years old) with severe, uncontrolled asthma who are receiving treatment with medium- or high-dose inhaled corticosteroids plus at least one additional controller medication with or without oral corticosteroids. The study population will comprise patients who complete the 52- and 48-week NAVIGATOR and SOURCE studies, respectively. Patients who were randomized to receive tezepelumab 210 mg every 4 weeks (Q4W) in either predecessor study will continue to receive this regimen for 1 year; those who were previously randomized to receive placebo will be re-randomized (1:1) to receive either tezepelumab 210 mg Q4W or placebo for 1 year. Patients will receive their prescribed controller medications throughout DESTINATION and study physicians will have the opportunity to down- or up-titrate dosage of these medications, if appropriate. The primary objective is to evaluate the long-term safety and tolerability of tezepelumab over 104 weeks (inclusive of the treatment period of either predecessor study). The secondary objective is to assess the long-term effect of tezepelumab on asthma exacerbations. Patients recruited from SOURCE will be followed up post-treatment for 12 weeks. Patients recruited from NAVIGATOR who complete 100 weeks of tezepelumab treatment will be eligible for either 12 weeks of follow-up or a 36-week extended follow-up during which the clinical benefit of tezepelumab after treatment cessation will be investigated. DISCUSSION: DESTINATION will evaluate the long-term safety, tolerability and efficacy of tezepelumab versus placebo with continued dosing for up to 2 years. DESTINATION will also evaluate the clinical effect of tezepelumab after treatment cessation. This LTE study aims to elucidate the long-term safety implications of receiving tezepelumab and to assess its potential long-term treatment benefits in patients with severe, uncontrolled asthma. TRIAL REGISTRATION: NCT03706079 (ClinicalTrials.gov). Registered 15 October 2018. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33087119/ doi: 10.1186/s12931-020-01541-7 id: cord-268088-y4vg7frb author: Montané, Xavier title: Current Perspectives of the Applications of Polyphenols and Flavonoids in Cancer Therapy date: 2020-07-23 words: 11101.0 sentences: 581.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-268088-y4vg7frb.txt txt: ./txt/cord-268088-y4vg7frb.txt summary: Among the natural compounds that produce beneficial effects on human health, polyphenols have shown potential therapeutic applications in cancer due to their protective functions in plants, their use as food additives, and their excellent antioxidant properties. This review shows a wide range of trials in which polyphenolic compounds play a crucial role as anticancer medicines alone or in combination with other drugs at different stages of cancer: cancer initiation, promotion, and growth or progression. In point of fact, studies demonstrated that resveratrol has in vitro effects against a large range of human tumors: breast, skin, ovary, stomach, prostate, colon, liver, pancreas, cervix, thyroid carcinoma cells, lymphoid, and myeloid cancer cells [22] . In point of fact, studies demonstrated that resveratrol has in vitro effects against a large range of human tumors: breast, skin, ovary, stomach, prostate, colon, liver, pancreas, cervix, thyroid carcinoma cells, lymphoid, and myeloid cancer cells [22] . abstract: The development of anticancer therapies that involve natural drugs has undergone exponential growth in recent years. Among the natural compounds that produce beneficial effects on human health, polyphenols have shown potential therapeutic applications in cancer due to their protective functions in plants, their use as food additives, and their excellent antioxidant properties. The possibility of combining conventional drugs—which are usually more aggressive than natural compounds—with polyphenols offers very valuable advantages such as the building of more efficient anticancer therapies with less side effects on human health. This review shows a wide range of trials in which polyphenolic compounds play a crucial role as anticancer medicines alone or in combination with other drugs at different stages of cancer: cancer initiation, promotion, and growth or progression. Moreover, the future directions in applications of various polyphenols in cancer therapy are emphasized. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25153342 doi: 10.3390/molecules25153342 id: cord-328979-xfze12ah author: Monto, Arnold S title: Data resource profile: Household Influenza Vaccine Evaluation (HIVE) Study date: 2019-04-30 words: 3878.0 sentences: 226.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-328979-xfze12ah.txt txt: ./txt/cord-328979-xfze12ah.txt summary: Collecting specimens within a short time from the onset of symptoms still maximizes the likelihood of accurate and timely identification of viruses associated with a respiratory illness for studies of transmission and vaccine effectiveness. While respiratory virus infections in general could be studied, the primary objective was to estimate the effectiveness of influenza vaccines using a cohort design for comparison with studies using the testnegative design (TND). With additional funding, we have expanded on these original aims by collecting blood specimens for studies of antibody-mediated Households 328 213 321 232 340 227 Participants 1441 943 1426 1049 1431 996 Influenza-positive individuals 125 32 111 50 202 38 Influenza-positive specimens 130 32 117 52 210 40 Strain A c 86 23 69 48 166 30 H1N1pdm09 27 1 3 47 0 28 H3N2 59 22 66 1 immunity, extending ARI surveillance year-round, and incorporating laboratory testing for other respiratory viruses. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31038700/ doi: 10.1093/ije/dyz086 id: cord-342210-r8vxz5vu author: Mukherjee, Pranab K. title: Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial to assess the safety and effectiveness of a novel dual-action oral topical formulation against upper respiratory infections date: 2017-01-14 words: 4853.0 sentences: 247.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-342210-r8vxz5vu.txt txt: ./txt/cord-342210-r8vxz5vu.txt summary: We conducted a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled pilot clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ARMS-I™ (currently marketed as Halo™) in the prevention of URIs. METHODS: ARMS-I is patented novel formulation for the prevention and treatment of influenza, comprising a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent (cetylpyridinium chloride, CPC) and components (glycerin and xanthan gum) that form a barrier on the host mucosa, thus preventing viral contact and invasion. The primary objectives were to establish whether ARMS-I decreased the frequency, severity or duration of URIs. Secondary objectives were to evaluate safety, tolerability, rate of virus detection, acceptability and adherence; effect on URI-associated absenteeism and medical visits; and effect of prior influenza vaccination on study outcomes. In the current study, we evaluated the safety and effectiveness of ARMS-I, a novel intra-oral formulation in the prevention of URIs in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled proof-of-concept clinical trial in healthy adults. abstract: BACKGROUND: Current prevention options for upper respiratory infections (URIs) are not optimal. We conducted a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled pilot clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ARMS-I™ (currently marketed as Halo™) in the prevention of URIs. METHODS: ARMS-I is patented novel formulation for the prevention and treatment of influenza, comprising a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent (cetylpyridinium chloride, CPC) and components (glycerin and xanthan gum) that form a barrier on the host mucosa, thus preventing viral contact and invasion. Healthy adults (18–45 years of age) were randomized into ARMS-I or placebo group (50 subjects each). The drug was sprayed intra-orally (3× daily) for 75 days. The primary objectives were to establish whether ARMS-I decreased the frequency, severity or duration of URIs. Secondary objectives were to evaluate safety, tolerability, rate of virus detection, acceptability and adherence; effect on URI-associated absenteeism and medical visits; and effect of prior influenza vaccination on study outcomes. RESULTS: Of the 94 individuals who completed the study (placebo: n = 44, ARMS-I: n = 50), six presented with confirmed URI (placebo: 4, ARMS-I: 2), representing a 55% relative reduction, albeit this was statistically not significant). Influenza, coronavirus or rhinovirus were detected in three participants; all in the placebo group. Moreover, frequency of post-treatment exit visits was reduced by 55% in ARMS-I compared to the placebo group (N = 4 and 2, respectively). Fever was reported only in the placebo group. ARMS-I significantly reduced the frequency and severity of cough and sore throat, and duration of cough (P ≤ .019 for all comparisons). ARMS-I was safe, well tolerated, had high acceptability and high adherence to medication use. Medical visits occurred only in the placebo group while absenteeism did not differ between the two arms. Prior influenza vaccination had no effect on study outcome. CONCLUSIONS: This randomized proof-of-concept clinical trial demonstrated that ARMS-I tended to provide protection against URIs in the enrolled study participants, while reducing severity and duration of cough and sore throat. A clinical trial with a larger number of study participants is warranted. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02644135 (retrospectively registered). ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12879-016-2177-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. url: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-016-2177-8 doi: 10.1186/s12879-016-2177-8 id: cord-324859-0yuhb5dl author: Mulchandani, Rubina title: Deciphering the COVID‐19 cytokine storm: Systematic review and meta‐analysis date: 2020-11-02 words: 6715.0 sentences: 343.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-324859-0yuhb5dl.txt txt: ./txt/cord-324859-0yuhb5dl.txt summary: In this context, we sought to undertake a systematic review and meta-analysis of available evidence to understand the pattern of host immune response in patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and how the levels of inflammatory and immunological markers vary according to the severity or stage of the disease. To understand the pattern of host immune response and summarize evidence for the difference in the levels of immunological and inflammatory biomarkers associated with cytokine storm, between COVID-19 patient groups of varying disease severity. Studies measuring the immunological and inflammatory indicators of cytokine storm in adult patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19, and comparing them between severe and non-severe (mild-moderate) cases, were eligible to be included in our review. Outcomes included circulating levels of interleukins (IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and others depending on availability of estimates), tumour necrosis factor-alpha and T-lymphocyte counts (CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells) that have been widely reported in relation to the cytokine storm in patients having severe COVID-19. abstract: INTRODUCTION: The coronavirus pandemic has affected more than 20 million people so far. Elevated cytokines and suppressed immune responses have been hypothesized to set off a cytokine storm, contributing to ARDS, multiple‐organ failure and, in the most severe cases, death. We aimed to quantify the differences in the circulating levels of major inflammatory and immunological markers between severe and nonsevere COVID‐19 patients. METHODS: Relevant studies were identified from PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, SCOPUS and preprint servers. Risk of bias was assessed for each study, using appropriate checklists. All studies were described qualitatively and a subset was included in the meta‐analysis, using forest plots. RESULTS: Based on 23 studies, mean cytokine levels were significantly higher (IL‐6: MD, 19.55 pg/mL; CI, 14.80, 24.30; IL‐8: MD, 19.18 pg/mL; CI, 2.94, 35.43; IL‐10: MD, 3.66 pg/mL; CI, 2.41, 4.92; IL‐2R: MD, 521.36 U/mL; CI, 87.15, 955.57; and TNF‐alpha: MD, 1.11 pg/mL; CI, 0.07, 2.15) and T‐lymphocyte levels were significantly lower (CD4+ T cells: MD, −165.28 cells/µL; CI, −207.58, −122.97; CD8+ T cells: MD, −106.51 cells/µL; CI, −128.59, −84.43) among severe cases as compared to nonsevere ones. There was heterogeneity across studies due to small sample sizes and nonuniformity in outcome assessment and varied definitions of disease severity. The overall quality of studies was sub‐optimal. CONCLUSION: Severe COVID‐19 is characterized by significantly increased levels of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and reduced T lymphocytes. Well‐designed and adequately powered prospective studies are needed to amplify the current evidence and provide definitive answers to dilemmas regarding timing and type of anti‐COVID‐19 therapy particularly in severe patients. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33058143/ doi: 10.1111/eci.13429 id: cord-354491-23cjm86c author: Muller, A. E. title: The mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic onhealthcare workers, and interventions to help them: a rapid systematic review date: 2020-07-04 words: 7864.0 sentences: 491.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-354491-23cjm86c.txt txt: ./txt/cord-354491-23cjm86c.txt summary: Methods: We performed a rapid systematic review to identify, assess and summarize available research on the mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic on healthcare workers. Discussion: Healthcare workers in a variety of fields, positions, and exposure risks are reporting anxiety, depression, sleep problems, and distress during the covid-19 pandemic, but most studies do not report comparative data on mental health symptoms. Six studies reported on the implementation of interventions to prevent or reduce mental health problems caused by the covid-19 pandemic among healthcare workers. While the majority of studies were cross-sectional and assessed as having high risk of bias, several patterns in their findings were evident: more healthcare workers were interested in social support to alieve mental health impacts, only a minority were interested in professional help for these problems, and yet interventions described in the literature largely seemed to focus on relieving individual symptoms. abstract: Background: The covid-19 pandemic has heavily burdened, and in some cases overwhelmed, healthcare systems throughout the world. Healthcare workers are not only at heightened risk of infection, but also of adverse mental health outcomes. Identification of organizational, collegial and individual risk and resilience factors impacting the mental health of healthcare workers are needed to inform preparedness planning and sustainable response. Methods: We performed a rapid systematic review to identify, assess and summarize available research on the mental health impact of the covid-19 pandemic on healthcare workers. On 11 May 2020, we utilized the Norwegian Institute of Public Health's Live map of covid-19 evidence, the visualization of a database of 20,738 screened studies, to identify studies for inclusion. We included studies reporting on any type of mental health outcome in any type of healthcare workers during the pandemic. We described interventions reported by the studies, and narratively summarized mental health-related outcomes, as study heterogeneity precluded meta-analysis. We assessed study quality using design-specific instruments. Results: We included 59 studies, reporting on a total of 54,707 healthcare workers. The prevalence of general psychological distress across the studies ranged from 7-97% (median 37%), anxiety 9-90% (median 24%), depression 5-51% (median 21%), and sleeping problems 34-65% (median 37%). Seven studies reported on implementing mental health interventions, and most focused on individual symptom reduction, but none reported on effects of the interventions. In most studies, healthcare workers reported low interest in and use of professional help, and greater reliance on social support and contact with family and friends. Exposure to covid-19 was the most commonly reported correlate of mental health problems, followed by female gender, and worry about infection or about infecting others. Social support correlated with less mental health problems. Discussion: Healthcare workers in a variety of fields, positions, and exposure risks are reporting anxiety, depression, sleep problems, and distress during the covid-19 pandemic, but most studies do not report comparative data on mental health symptoms. before the pandemic. There seems to be a mismatch between risk factors for adverse mental health outcomes among healthcare workers in the current pandemic and their needs and preferences, and the individual psychopathology focus of current interventions. Efforts to help healthcare workers sustain healthy relationships to colleagues, family and friends over time may be paramount to safeguard what is already an important source of support during the prolonged crisis. Expanding interventions' focus to incorporate organizational, collegial and family factors to support healthcare workers responding to the pandemic could improve acceptability and efficacy of interventions. Other: The protocol for this review is available online. No funding was received. url: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.03.20145607 doi: 10.1101/2020.07.03.20145607 id: cord-264079-u0nkjexi author: Murphy, Dianne title: The use of gowns and masks to control respiratory illness in pediatric hospital personnel date: 1981-11-30 words: 2674.0 sentences: 152.0 pages: flesch: 56.0 cache: ./cache/cord-264079-u0nkjexi.txt txt: ./txt/cord-264079-u0nkjexi.txt summary: title: The use of gowns and masks to control respiratory illness in pediatric hospital personnel Nosocomial disease often lengthens the hospital stay and, in some instances, may be severe or even fatal> ~ For certain viruses, particularly respiratory syncytial virus, there is a high frequency of infection in nursing, medical, and other stafP ..... Children with respiratory disease are usually placed in isolation and hospital personnel may be cohorted or required to wear gowns when administering patient care. The efficacy of this approach in the control of RSV therefore designed a prospective study to examine the effect of various control methods on the acquisition of symptomatic respiratory infections by medical personnel caring for infants with respiratory disease. We were unable to demonstrate any effect of adding the use of both gown and mask to the usual handwashing routine on the development of illness in personnel caring for infants with respiratory disease. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7299552/ doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(81)80401-5 id: cord-151118-25cbus1m author: Murray, Benjamin title: Accessible Data Curation and Analytics for International-Scale Citizen Science Datasets date: 2020-11-02 words: 4954.0 sentences: 256.0 pages: flesch: 58.0 cache: ./cache/cord-151118-25cbus1m.txt txt: ./txt/cord-151118-25cbus1m.txt summary: To test the performance of the join operator when ExeTera and Pandas are used, we generate a dataset composed of a left primary key (int64), a right foreign key (int64) and 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 , and 32 fields respectively of random numbers corresponding to entries in the right table (int32). In this work, we present ExeTera, a data curation and analytics tool designed to provide users with a low complexity solution for working on datasets approaching terabyte scale, such as national / international-scale citizen science datasets like the Covid Symptom Study. ExeTera provides features for cleaning, journaling, and generation of reproducible processing and analytics, enabling large research teams to work with consistent measures and analyses that can be reliably recreated from the base data snapshots. Although ExeTera was developed to provide data curation for researchers working on the Zoe Symptom Study, this software is being developed to be generally applicable to large-scale relational datasets for researchers who work in Python. abstract: The Covid Symptom Study, a smartphone-based surveillance study on COVID-19 symptoms in the population, is an exemplar of big data citizen science. Over 4.7 million participants and 189 million unique assessments have been logged since its introduction in March 2020. The success of the Covid Symptom Study creates technical challenges around effective data curation for two reasons. Firstly, the scale of the dataset means that it can no longer be easily processed using standard software on commodity hardware. Secondly, the size of the research group means that replicability and consistency of key analytics used across multiple publications becomes an issue. We present ExeTera, an open source data curation software designed to address scalability challenges and to enable reproducible research across an international research group for datasets such as the Covid Symptom Study dataset. url: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2011.00867v1.pdf doi: nan id: cord-298265-elbnzgx6 author: Mutua, Victoria title: A Review of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps (NETs) in Disease: Potential Anti-NETs Therapeutics date: 2020-08-01 words: 10404.0 sentences: 565.0 pages: flesch: 35.0 cache: ./cache/cord-298265-elbnzgx6.txt txt: ./txt/cord-298265-elbnzgx6.txt summary: Studies have demonstrated that circulating neutrophils of RA patients are more easily stimulated to NETosis than those from healthy subjects [73, 74] , and as in other autoimmune conditions, NETs act as a source of extracellular autoantigens leading to excessive innate and adaptive immune responses in the joints and subsequent tissue injury [73, 75] . Inhibits ROS production, prevents thrombus formation [190] [191] [192] [193] [194] [195] Nucleases Recombinant human DNase DNA matrixes Reduces neutrophil infiltration, cleaves DNA matrixes [196] [197] [198] [199] [200] [201] [202] [203] [204] [205] [206] [207] Staphylokinase Plasminogen, alpha-defensins Converting NETs to deoxyadenosine mediating death of immune cells [208] [209] [210] [211] Notable compounds Probiotics PKC pathway run a study to evaluate the effect of inhibition of PAD4 in NETosis using an antagomiR-155, a pleiotropic microRNA important in the regulation of immune responses, demonstrating a decreased induction of PAD4 mRNA and subsequent reduced NETs in response to PMA challenge [13] . abstract: Activated neutrophils release neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) in response to a variety of stimuli. NETosis is driven by protein-arginine deiminase type 4, with the release of intracellular granule components that function by capturing and destroying microbes, including viral, fungal, bacterial, and protozoal pathogens. The positive effects of pathogen control are countered by pro-inflammatory effects as demonstrated in a variety of diseases. Components of NETS are non-specific, and other than controlling microbes, they cause injury to surrounding tissue by themselves or by increasing the pro-inflammatory response. NETs can play a role in enhancement of the inflammation seen in autoimmune diseases including psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosis. In addition, autoinflammatory diseases such as gout have been associated with NETosis. Inhibition of NETs may decrease the severity of many diseases improving survival. Herein, we describe NETosis in different diseases focusing on the detrimental effect of NETs and outline possible therapeutics that can be used to mitigate netosis. There is a need for more studies and clinical trials on these and other compounds that could prevent or destroy NETs, thereby decreasing damage to patients. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12016-020-08804-7 doi: 10.1007/s12016-020-08804-7 id: cord-010977-fwz7chzf author: Myserlis, Pavlos title: Translational Genomics in Neurocritical Care: a Review date: 2020-02-20 words: 11990.0 sentences: 519.0 pages: flesch: 31.0 cache: ./cache/cord-010977-fwz7chzf.txt txt: ./txt/cord-010977-fwz7chzf.txt summary: In this review, we describe some of the approaches being taken to apply translational genomics to the study of diseases commonly encountered in the neurocritical care setting, including hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and status epilepticus, utilizing both forward and reverse genomic translational techniques. Termed "reverse translation," this approach starts with humans as the model system, utilizing genomic associations to derive new information about biological mechanisms that can be in turn studied further in vitro and in animal models for target refinement (Fig. 1) . These results highlight the value of reverse genomic translation in first identifying human-relevant genetic risk factors for disease, and using model systems to understand the pathways impacted by their introduction to select rationally-informed modalities for potential treatment. These observations provide vital information about cellular mechanisms impacted by human disease-associated genetic risk factors without requiring the expense and time investment of creating, validating, and studying animal models. abstract: Translational genomics represents a broad field of study that combines genome and transcriptome-wide studies in humans and model systems to refine our understanding of human biology and ultimately identify new ways to treat and prevent disease. The approaches to translational genomics can be broadly grouped into two methodologies, forward and reverse genomic translation. Traditional (forward) genomic translation begins with model systems and aims at using unbiased genetic associations in these models to derive insight into biological mechanisms that may also be relevant in human disease. Reverse genomic translation begins with observations made through human genomic studies and refines these observations through follow-up studies using model systems. The ultimate goal of these approaches is to clarify intervenable processes as targets for therapeutic development. In this review, we describe some of the approaches being taken to apply translational genomics to the study of diseases commonly encountered in the neurocritical care setting, including hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke, traumatic brain injury, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and status epilepticus, utilizing both forward and reverse genomic translational techniques. Further, we highlight approaches in the field that could be applied in neurocritical care to improve our ability to identify new treatment modalities as well as to provide important information to patients about risk and prognosis. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1007/s13311-020-00838-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7223188/ doi: 10.1007/s13311-020-00838-1 id: cord-286075-yp2ta24o author: Nacul, Luis title: How Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) Progresses: The Natural History of ME/CFS date: 2020-08-11 words: 8473.0 sentences: 356.0 pages: flesch: 33.0 cache: ./cache/cord-286075-yp2ta24o.txt txt: ./txt/cord-286075-yp2ta24o.txt summary: We propose a framework for understanding and interpreting the pathophysiology of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) that considers wider determinants of health and long-term temporal variation in pathophysiological features and disease phenotype throughout the natural history of the disease. The lack of progress in Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) research has been attributed to a range of factors, including the paucity of large, high quality, hypothesis-driven studies, and controversy around diagnosis. Of note, many of the abnormalities shown in severe injury have also been identified in ME/CFS such as: immune dysfunction, including pro-inflammatory response (especially at early stages of disease) (45, 46); autonomic nervous system (47) (48) (49) ; HPA axis dysfunction (50); hypovolemia (51); nitrosamine and oxidative stress (52); endothelial dysfunction (52); metabolic dysfunction (53-55); dysfunction of membrane transport (56) ; and, tissue hypoxia (57). The UK ME/CFS biobank: a disease-specific biobank for advancing clinical research into myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigu syndrome abstract: We propose a framework for understanding and interpreting the pathophysiology of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) that considers wider determinants of health and long-term temporal variation in pathophysiological features and disease phenotype throughout the natural history of the disease. As in other chronic diseases, ME/CFS evolves through different stages, from asymptomatic predisposition, progressing to a prodromal stage, and then to symptomatic disease. Disease incidence depends on genetic makeup and environment factors, the exposure to singular or repeated insults, and the nature of the host response. In people who develop ME/CFS, normal homeostatic processes in response to adverse insults may be replaced by aberrant responses leading to dysfunctional states. Thus, the predominantly neuro-immune manifestations, underlined by a hyper-metabolic state, that characterize early disease, may be followed by various processes leading to multi-systemic abnormalities and related symptoms. This abnormal state and the effects of a range of mediators such as products of oxidative and nitrosamine stress, may lead to progressive cell and metabolic dysfunction culminating in a hypometabolic state with low energy production. These processes do not seem to happen uniformly; although a spiraling of progressive inter-related and self-sustaining abnormalities may ensue, reversion to states of milder abnormalities is possible if the host is able to restate responses to improve homeostatic equilibrium. With time variation in disease presentation, no single ME/CFS case description, set of diagnostic criteria, or molecular feature is currently representative of all patients at different disease stages. While acknowledging its limitations due to the incomplete research evidence, we suggest the proposed framework may support future research design and health care interventions for people with ME/CFS. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32849252/ doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00826 id: cord-320828-5ksho1bh author: Narchi, Hassib title: Nasopharyngeal Isolates from a Cohort of Medical Students with or without Pharyngitis date: 2020-10-05 words: 3398.0 sentences: 205.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-320828-5ksho1bh.txt txt: ./txt/cord-320828-5ksho1bh.txt summary: Overall, the most common isolates were human rhinovirus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae, with no significant differences in terms of gender, year of study or stage of study. necrophorum were not detected among students with symptoms of pharyngitis; moreover, Centor scores of ≥2 were not associated with the presence of S. 15 Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate patterns of nasopharyngeal colonisation in a cohort of medical students with or without symptoms of pharyngitis, evaluate the performance of the Centor score in the diagnosis of S. pyogenes-positive samples were isolated from students with Centor scores of ≤2 (P = 1.000). influenzae was also very unlikely to have been a major cause of pharyngitis in the current study, given the lack of significant difference in its detection rate between symptomatic and asymptomatic participants. 16, 22 The PCR results of another study indicated that 10.3% of symptomatic patients and 1.1% of asymptomatic medical students were positive for S. abstract: OBJECTIVES: Few studies have investigated pharyngeal colonisation in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). This study aims to identify the pharyngeal organisms present in a cohort of medical students with and without symptomatic pharyngitis. METHODS: This study was conducted between September 2016 and June 2018 at the College of Medicine and Health Sciences, UAE University, Al-Ain. Nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from preclinical and clinical medical students attending the college during the study period. The specimens were tested for 16 viral and nine bacterial pathogens using a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. RESULTS: A total of 352 nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from 287 students; of these, 22 (7.7%) had pharyngitis symptoms. Overall, the most common isolates were human rhinovirus, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae, with no significant differences in terms of gender, year of study or stage of study. The prevalence of S. pyogenes in asymptomatic and symptomatic students was 1.1% and 0%, respectively. A Centor score of ≥2 was not associated with S. pyogenes-positive samples. Six pathogens were isolated from symptomatic students including H. influenzae. Fusobacterium necrophorum was not detected in any of the samples. CONCLUSION: The diagnosis and management of pharyngitis should be tailored to common pathogens in the region. This study found that S. pyogenes and F. necrophorum were not detected among students with symptoms of pharyngitis; moreover, Centor scores of ≥2 were not associated with the presence of S. pyogenes. This cut-off score therefore should not be employed as an empirical measure to initiate penicillin therapy in this population. url: https://doi.org/10.18295/squmj.2020.20.03.007 doi: 10.18295/squmj.2020.20.03.007 id: cord-002705-ntokyoai author: Nasir, Nazrila Hairin title: Effectiveness of a fluid chart in outpatient management of suspected dengue fever: A pilot study date: 2017-10-04 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: INTRODUCTION: Dengue infection is the fastest spreading mosquito-borne viral disease in the world. One of the complications of dengue is dehydration which, if not carefully monitored and treated, may lead to shock, particularly in those with dengue haemorrhagic fever. WHO has recommended oral fluid intake of five glasses or more for adults who are suspected to have dengue fever. However, there have been no published studies looking at self-care intervention measures to improve oral fluid intake among patients suspected of dengue fever. OBJECTIVE: To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of using a fluid chart to improve oral fluid intake in patients with suspected dengue fever in a primary care setting. METHODS: This feasibility study used a randomized controlled study design. The data was collected over two months at a primary care clinic in a teaching hospital. The inclusion criteria were: age > 12 years, patients who were suspected to have dengue fever based on the assessment by the primary healthcare clinician, fever for > three days, and thrombocytopenia (platelets < 150 x 10(9)/L). Both groups received a dengue home care card. The intervention group received the fluid chart and a cup (200ml). Baseline clinical and laboratory data, 24-hour fluid recall (control group), and fluid chart were collected. The main outcomes were: hospitalization rates, intravenous fluid requirement and total oral fluid intake. FINDINGS: Among the 138 participants who were included in the final analysis, there were fewer hospital admissions in the intervention group (n = 7, 10.0%) than the control group (n = 12, 17.6%) (p = 0.192). Similarly, fewer patients (n = 9, 12.9%) in the intervention group required intravenous fluid compared to the control group (n = 15, 22.1%), (p = 0.154). There was an increase in the amount of daily oral fluid intake in the intervention group (about 3,000 ml) compared to the control group (about 2,500 ml, p = 0.521). However, these differences did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSION: This is a feasible and acceptable study to perform in a primary care setting. The fluid chart is a simple, inexpensive tool that may reduce hospitalization and intravenous fluid requirement in suspected dengue patients. A randomized controlled trial with larger sample size is needed to determine this conclusively. TRIAL REGISTRATION: International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN) Registry ISRCTN25394628 http://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN25394628 url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5627892/ doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183544 id: cord-329344-06uk5sjp author: Neumann-Podczaska, Agnieszka title: COVID 19 - Clinical Picture in the Elderly Population: A Qualitative Systematic Review date: 2020-07-23 words: 5925.0 sentences: 326.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-329344-06uk5sjp.txt txt: ./txt/cord-329344-06uk5sjp.txt summary: In the following study, we constructed a systematic review to concisely summarize the clinical features, comorbidities, radiological/laboratory findings, and outcomes in the older adults. Only older individuals (≥60 years old) with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were of interest in this review, hence any study that did not clearly separate the data according to this age bracket was excluded. Once the relevant studies were isolated, the two reviewers extracted the data independently into a standardized form with the following subheadings: paper Aging and Disease • Volume 11, Number 4, August 2020 990 information (such as publication date, number of patients, country, and gender), symptoms, comorbidities, laboratory findings, radiographic findings, complications, treatment, and outcome. Studies comparing data from solely dead vs discharged patients, were excluded from review estimation of mortality rate due to unclear total hospitalized elderly COVID-19 population [13, 25] . abstract: The SARS-CoV-2 tendency to affect the older individuals more severely, raises the need for a concise summary isolating this age population. Analysis of clinical features in light of most recently published data allows for improved understanding, and better clinical judgement. A thorough search was performed to collect all articles published from 1st of January to 1st of June 2020, using the keywords COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2 followed by the generic terms elderly, older adults or older individuals. The quality assessment of studies and findings was performed by an adaptation of the STROBE statement and CERQual approach. Excluding duplicates, a total of 1598 articles were screened, of which 20 studies were included in the final analysis, pertaining to 4965 older COVID-19 patients (≥60 years old). Variety in symptoms was observed, with fever, cough, dyspnea, fatigue, or sputum production being the most common. Prominent changes in laboratory findings consistently indicated lymphopenia and inflammation and in some cases organ damage. Radiological examination reveals ground glass opacities with occasional consolidations, bilaterally, with a possible peripheral tendency. An evident fraction of the elderly population (25.7%) developed renal injury or impairment as a complication. Roughly 71.4% of the older adults require supplementary oxygen, while invasive mechanical ventilation was required in almost a third of the reported hospitalized older individuals. In this review, death occurred in 20.0% of total patients with a recorded outcome (907/4531). Variability in confidence of findings is documented. Variety in symptom presentation is to be expected, and abnormalities in laboratory findings are present. Risk for mortality is evident, and attention to the need for supplementary oxygen and possible mechanical ventilation is advised. Further data is required isolating this age population. Presented literature may allow for the construction of better predictive models of COVID-19 in older populations. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32765959/ doi: 10.14336/ad.2020.0620 id: cord-335251-w6k4fnpo author: Nielsen, Morten Birkeland title: Organizational Prevention and Management Strategies for Workplace Aggression Among Child Protection Workers: A Project Protocol for the Oslo Workplace Aggression Survey (OWAS) date: 2020-06-30 words: 7545.0 sentences: 345.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-335251-w6k4fnpo.txt txt: ./txt/cord-335251-w6k4fnpo.txt summary: The main objectives of the current project were to determine the impact of physical and psychological aggression on the well-being, health, and work ability of employees in the child welfare service and to establish whether a strong psychosocial safety climate and an ethical infrastructure are effective with regard to protecting employees against aggression. With previous research showing that a stressful working environment is a main cause of bullying and harassment (Hauge et al., 2007; Van den Brande et al., 2016) , employees in the child welfare service are also at increased risk of being exposed to aggression from co-workers. In this project, we will empirically examine the role of ethical infrastructure and psychosocial safety climate with regard to exposure to multiple forms of workplace aggression among child welfare workers. The questionnaire contains items and inventories that can be classified into the following five main categories: (1) demographics and background information; (2) physical and psychological aggression; (3) psychosocial safety climate and ethical infrastructure; (4) psychosocial work factors; and (5) health and well-being. abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous research has established exposure to workplace aggression as a significant risk factor for employee functioning, well-being, and health. However, less is known about effective prevention and management strategies. The main objectives of the current project were to determine the impact of physical and psychological aggression on the well-being, health, and work ability of employees in the child welfare service and to establish whether a strong psychosocial safety climate and an ethical infrastructure are effective with regard to protecting employees against aggression. This project may help identify the specific risks child welfare workers are exposed to, the impact of workplace aggression on their health and well-being, and the most effective strategies to manage the problem. Furthermore, the findings should be central for developing laws and regulations and to any political decision on measures to tackle aggression in the workplace. METHODS: The study will employ two prospective data collections. Firstly, a three-wave longitudinal survey with a 6-month time lag between measurement points will be conducted among all 1,500 employees in the child welfare services in Oslo Municipality, Norway. Data will have a multilevel structure and will be linked to registry data on sickness absence. Secondly, a quantitative daily diary study over a 14-day period will include 150 of the respondents from the main survey study. The survey questionnaires mainly comprise well-established and psychometrically validated indicators of workplace aggression, health and well-being, psychosocial safety climate, ethical infrastructure, and other relevant factors. The Regional Committees for Medical and Health Research Ethics (REC) in Norway (REC South East) have approved this project (project no. 28496). DISCUSSION: This project will identify the impact of workplace aggression on child protection workers as well as provide information on how organizations can actively manage exposure to workplace aggression. The findings may serve as a starting point for intervention studies as well as the development of policies and guidelines on how to handle workplace aggression. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32695050/ doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01401 id: cord-294910-gnc04ax1 author: Nogueira, Paulo Jorge title: The Role of Health Preconditions on COVID-19 Deaths in Portugal: Evidence from Surveillance Data of the First 20293 Infection Cases date: 2020-07-24 words: 4935.0 sentences: 251.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-294910-gnc04ax1.txt txt: ./txt/cord-294910-gnc04ax1.txt summary: The risk factors for increased odds of death by COVID-19 were: sex (male: OR = 1.47, ref = female), age ((56–60) years, OR = 6.01; (61–65) years, OR = 10.5; (66–70) years, OR = 20.4; (71–75) years, OR = 34; (76–80) years, OR = 50.9; (81–85) years, OR = 70.7; (86–90) years, OR = 83.2; (91–95) years, OR = 91.8; (96–104) years, OR = 140.2, ref = (0–55)), Cardiac disease (OR = 2.86), Kidney disorder (OR = 2.95), and Neuromuscular disorder (OR = 1.58), while condition (None (absence of precondition); OR = 0.49) was associated with a reduced chance of dying after adjusting for other variables of interest. The data retrieved include individuals'' demographic characteristics (age, sex, region), COVID-19 disease information (death, recovery, still in treatment, hospitalization, intensive care, respiratory support), and preconditions (Asthma, Cancer, Cardiac disease, Hematological disorder, Diabetes, HIV and other immune deficiency, Kidney disorder, Liver disorder, Neuromuscular disorder, Other precondition and None (absence of precondition)). abstract: Background: It is essential to study the effect of potential co-factors on the risk of death in patients infected by COVID-19. The identification of risk factors is important to allow more efficient public health and health services strategic interventions with a significant impact on deaths by COVID-19. This study aimed to identify factors associated with COVID-19 deaths in Portugal. Methods: A national dataset with the first 20,293 patients infected with COVID-19 between 1 January and 21 April 2020 was analyzed. The primary outcome measure was mortality by COVID-19, measured (registered and confirmed) by Medical Doctors serving as health delegates on the daily death registry. A logistic regression model using a generalized linear model was used for estimating Odds Ratio (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for each potential risk indicator. Results: A total of 502 infected patients died of COVID-19. The risk factors for increased odds of death by COVID-19 were: sex (male: OR = 1.47, ref = female), age ((56–60) years, OR = 6.01; (61–65) years, OR = 10.5; (66–70) years, OR = 20.4; (71–75) years, OR = 34; (76–80) years, OR = 50.9; (81–85) years, OR = 70.7; (86–90) years, OR = 83.2; (91–95) years, OR = 91.8; (96–104) years, OR = 140.2, ref = (0–55)), Cardiac disease (OR = 2.86), Kidney disorder (OR = 2.95), and Neuromuscular disorder (OR = 1.58), while condition (None (absence of precondition); OR = 0.49) was associated with a reduced chance of dying after adjusting for other variables of interest. Conclusions: Besides age and sex, preconditions justify the risk difference in mortality by COVID-19. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9082368 doi: 10.3390/jcm9082368 id: cord-006864-t5qsjyfi author: Norris, S. title: National scientific medical meeting 1995 abstracts: Oral presentations date: 1995 words: 36469.0 sentences: 2072.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-006864-t5qsjyfi.txt txt: ./txt/cord-006864-t5qsjyfi.txt summary: 28 patients with RA were studied prospectively by measuring disease activity and radiological articular destruction at entry and at review 6 (mean) (range 4-8) years later. We document its occurrence in the paediatric age group with 3 case reports of tinea unguium occurring in healthy children, ages ranging from 7 to 14 years from different families, presenting over a 6 month period. The first group (the study group, n=20) consisted of patients attending ophthalmic clinics with a diagnosis of early open angle glaucoma who are on medical treatment with good control of intraocular pressure, evidence of optic disc cupping and no field loss on KOWA fields. In this study, 12 outpatients having Dementia of the Alzheimer Type (Clinical Dementia Rating, Score ~ 1 ; mean age _+ SEM, 74 + 2 years) were continuously monitored using Finapress and their responses to the Valsalva manoeuvre and positional change were compared with 12 age matched (73 _+ 1 years) healthy elderly controls. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7103225/ doi: 10.1007/bf02967283 id: cord-025495-udz9i0fw author: Nowak, Jan K. title: Lithium and coronaviral infections. A scoping review. date: 2020-04-03 words: 5329.0 sentences: 296.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-025495-udz9i0fw.txt txt: ./txt/cord-025495-udz9i0fw.txt summary: The available evidence comes only from studies of cell cultures and indicates that lithium effectively inhibits coronaviral infections when administered at concentrations that are toxic to humans. "The available evidence comes only from studies of cell cultures and indicates that lithium effectively inhibits coronaviral infections when administered at concentrations that are toxic to humans." The prescription of lithium in the context of the current epidemic thus appears not to be supportable by the findings. Lithium also seemed to bring improvement in a proof-of-concept randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial involving eleven healthy adults with recurrent HSV infections and in a randomized study of ten women with genital herpes conducted by the same research group from Philadelphia." Therefore it seems that in some instances lithium exhibits antiviral activity at concentrations, which are safe and maintained long-term (for years) in patients with affective disorders. The latter study gives hope that lithium may indeed be efficient at clinically relevant levels." In terms of discussion, the authors reviewed some existing literature and suggested a potential mechanism of reduced apoptosis by lithium, the glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta (GSK-3β) inhibitor. abstract: The current rapid spread of the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) calls for a rapid response from the research community. Lithium is widely used to treat bipolar disorder, but has been shown to exhibit antiviral activity. This brief review took a systematic approach to identify six in vitro studies reporting on the influence of lithium on coronaviral infections. We propose mechanistic investigation of the influence of lithium – alone and with chloroquine – on the SARS-CoV-2 infection. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7255895/ doi: 10.12688/f1000research.22299.2 id: cord-026990-d3l1sbeb author: Oberoi, Sumit title: Economic menace of diabetes in India: a systematic review date: 2020-06-17 words: 4912.0 sentences: 334.0 pages: flesch: 58.0 cache: ./cache/cord-026990-d3l1sbeb.txt txt: ./txt/cord-026990-d3l1sbeb.txt summary: Thus, the present study aims at capturing the evidence from the literature on the cost of diabetes mellitus in India, reviewing the materials and methods used to estimate the costs and, lastly, exploring future research area. Majority of research publications were excluded on the grounds if they (a) did not provide the detailed analysis of how costs were estimated; (b) were conference articles or posters; (c) only presented the costs of diabetes prevention; and (d) were published in non-peer-reviewed journals. (cost for patients with foot complication was ₹19,020/-, also average cost for renal patients Under the north zone, 8 studies were included to calculate both direct and indirect costs of diabetes at the individual/household level (Fig. 1) . Therefore, the findings of the present study suggest that per annum median direct and indirect cost of diabetes at the individual/household level is very colossal in India. abstract: AIM: Diabetes mellitus is recognised as a major chronic pandemic disease that does not consider any ethnic and monetary background. There is a dearth of literature on the cost of diabetes in the Indian context. Therefore, the present study aims to capture the evidence from the literature on the cost of diabetes mellitus in India. METHODS: An extensive literature was reviewed from ACADEMIA, NCBI, PubMed, ProQuest, EBSCO, Springer, JSTOR, Scopus and Google Scholar. The eligibility criterion is based on ‘PICOS’ procedure, and only those studies which are available in the English language, published between 1999 and February 2019, indexed in ABDC, EBSCO, ProQuest, Scopus and peer-reviewed journals are included. RESULTS: A total of thirty-two studies were included in the present study. The result indicates that the median direct cost of diabetes was estimated to be ₹18,890/- p.a. for the north zone, ₹10,585/- p.a. for the south zone, ₹45,792/- p.a. for the north-east zone and ₹8822/- p.a. for the west zone. Similarly, the median indirect cost of diabetes was ₹18,146/- p.a. for the north zone, ₹1198/- p.a. for the south zone, ₹18,707/- p.a. for the north-east and ₹3949/- p.a. for the west zone. CONCLUSION: The present study highlighted that diabetes poses a high economic burden on individuals/households. The study directed the need to arrange awareness campaign regarding diabetes and associated risk factors in order to minimise the burden of diabetes. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1007/s13410-020-00838-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7299136/ doi: 10.1007/s13410-020-00838-z id: cord-294005-gjrj1gvr author: Odei Erdiaw-Kwasie, Michael title: Citizen participation dilemmas in water governance: An empirical case of Kumasi, Ghana date: 2020-12-31 words: 8595.0 sentences: 381.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-294005-gjrj1gvr.txt txt: ./txt/cord-294005-gjrj1gvr.txt summary: Findings from the study show that citizens are willing to participate in decision-making on water-related process through radio programs; public meetings; surveys or polls and telephone. In line with the Ghana National Water Policy that aims to ensure full participation of all stakeholders in decision-making on water-related issues in realization of the Ghana Water Vision for 2025 [which states ''''promoting an efficient and effective management system and environmentally sound development of all water resources in Ghana"], the study''s focus is timely and relevant. With regard to this study, at the district/community level, key variables that were adopted in the interview and focus group discussion (FGD) instruments included the following: level of involvement in decision making, governance processes and the effects on citizens'' participation. A majority of respondents agreed that GWCL uses the following mechanisms in making decisions on participation approaches in water governance issues, radio programs, public meetings, surveys or polls, and telephone. abstract: Abstract Citizen participation in decision-making on water-related initiatives offers a valuable pathway to move towards a more equitable and sustainable water delivery, now and into the future. However, given the acknowledged impacts of active citizen participation in the water governance process, there is an increase institutional search for ideal approaches to enhance local inputs in water decisions. To enhance institutional knowledge on this quest, this paper adopts a qualitative exploratory method using 48 interviews and 2 focus group discussions (6 participants in each group) to present an empirical case of Kumasi in Ghana. Findings from the study show that citizens are willing to participate in decision-making on water-related process through radio programs; public meetings; surveys or polls and telephone. It was also realised that Ghana Water Company focuses more on the technical aspect of water delivery than the social aspect which borders on appropriate engagement strategies that involve customers in the decision-making process. The results imply a significant difference regarding feasibility and outcomes for each currently deployed participatory mechanism. The study recommends a change in current institutional and governance arrangements to influence citizen participation strategies at all levels of water service delivery and governance. url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wdp.2020.100242 doi: 10.1016/j.wdp.2020.100242 id: cord-025366-haf542y0 author: Offit, Paul A. title: Vaccine safety date: 2012-11-07 words: 16621.0 sentences: 797.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-025366-haf542y0.txt txt: ./txt/cord-025366-haf542y0.txt summary: 147, 148 In the United States, the CDC established the Clinical Immunization Safety Assessment (CISA) network in 2001 with the following primary goals: (1) to develop research protocols for clinical evaluation, diagnosis, and management of adverse events following immunization (AEFI); (2) to improve the understanding of AEFI at the individual level, including determining possible genetic and other risk factors for predisposed persons and high-risk subpopulations; (3) to develop evidence-based algorithms for vaccination of persons at risk of serious adverse events following immunization; and (4) to provide a resource of subject matter experts for clinical vaccine safety inquiries. Third, large population-based systems that link computerized vaccination data with health care encounter codes were used to conduct rapid ongoing analyses to evaluate possible associations of H1N1 vaccination with selected adverse events, including potential associations suggested by VAERS or other sources. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7252257/ doi: 10.1016/b978-1-4557-0090-5.00076-8 id: cord-346098-gj10adoq author: Oh, Ga-Eun (Grace) title: When dessert comes close: The effects of anticipating indulgent consumption and dietary restraint on healthy food preference at restaurants date: 2020-07-16 words: 9961.0 sentences: 485.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-346098-gj10adoq.txt txt: ./txt/cord-346098-gj10adoq.txt summary: The findings suggest that, despite increasing concern for healthy eating, restrained consumers ironically show a preference for unhealthy food options when anticipating a dessert consumption opportunity. In the present study, to test our predictions for the interactive effect of indulgence anticipation and dietary restraint on healthy food preference, we focus on behavioral response measured by preference for or choice of healthy food for immediate consumption in restaurant settings. In the context of sequential consumption decisions (e.g., ordering a dessert after an entrée has been served and consumed in a restaurant) (Her and Seo, 2017) , prior research has shown that, despite restrained eaters'' concerns for weight control, when encountering challenges to dietary goals, they tend to forgo restraint goals and willingly consume indulgent food. Study 1 aims to test the different effects of anticipating future indulgence on the preference for healthy and unhealthy options among restrained versus unrestrained eaters (H1a; H1b). abstract: When dining in restaurants, diners often anticipate indulgent consumption, such as enjoying a dessert. This study examined the effects of anticipating such indulgence on preferences for healthy food among restrained and unrestrained eaters. Two experiments revealed that anticipating indulgent consumption reduced restrained eaters’ preference for the immediate consumption of healthy food. Conversely, unrestrained eaters’ expectation of indulgent consumption increased or did not change their preference for a healthy option. The interactive effect of indulgence anticipation and dietary restraint on healthy food preference held regardless of availability of nutrition information. The findings suggest that, despite increasing concern for healthy eating, restrained consumers ironically show a preference for unhealthy food options when anticipating a dessert consumption opportunity. The present study provides theoretical implications for consumption anticipation, sequential consumption, and dietary restraint, and practical implications for restaurateurs as well as for consumers, health professionals, and policymakers regarding healthy eating. url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102614 doi: 10.1016/j.ijhm.2020.102614 id: cord-344988-09vpehvf author: Overbeck, Silke title: Modulating the immune response by oral zinc supplementation: a single approach for multiple diseases date: 2008-02-05 words: 7943.0 sentences: 395.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-344988-09vpehvf.txt txt: ./txt/cord-344988-09vpehvf.txt summary: Zinc supplementation in diseases such as diarrhea, chronic hepatitis C, shigellosis, leprosy, tuberculosis, pneumonia, acute lower respiratory infection, and leishmaniasis seems beneficial. Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) results in the acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), a disease where zinc application was tested as a supporting therapeutic intervention [23] . [95] , there was no alteration of the CD4/CD8 ratio in the initial study [176] and several recent papers were unable to find effects of oral zinc on HIV-1 viral load, immune response to tuberculosis, lymphocyte subsets, CD4 + , CD8 + , and CD3 + cell counts, or antibody response to a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine [16, 27, 40, 54, 163] . Although this has not been directly investigated so far, the improvement in parameters for oxidative stress in diabetic patients indicates that the antioxidant effect of zinc is relevant for disease progression in vivo. abstract: Zinc is required for multiple cellular tasks, and especially the immune system depends on a sufficient availability of this essential trace element. During the last decades, many studies attempted to affect the outcome of various diseases by zinc supplementation. These efforts either aimed at supporting immunity by zinc administration or at correcting a loss of zinc secondary to the disease to restore the zinc-dependent functions of the immune system. This review aims to summarize the respective findings and to discuss possible molecular mechanisms by which zinc could influence viral, bacterial, and parasitic infections, autoimmune diseases, and the response to vaccination. Zinc supplementation in diseases such as diarrhea, chronic hepatitis C, shigellosis, leprosy, tuberculosis, pneumonia, acute lower respiratory infection, and leishmaniasis seems beneficial. In contrast, the results for the common cold and malaria are still not conclusive, and zinc was ineffective in most vaccination and rheumatoid arthritis studies. For AIDS and type 1 diabetes, zinc supplementation may even be a risk factor for increased mortality or deterioration of the glucose metabolism, respectively. In these cases, zinc supplementation should be used with care and limited to clearly zinc-deficient individuals. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18250973/ doi: 10.1007/s00005-008-0003-8 id: cord-296491-467nrx6d author: O’Brien, Bridget C. title: Pause, Persist, Pivot: Key Decisions Health Professions Education Researchers Must Make About Conducting Studies During Extreme Events date: 2020-06-09 words: 3869.0 sentences: 259.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-296491-467nrx6d.txt txt: ./txt/cord-296491-467nrx6d.txt summary: title: Pause, Persist, Pivot: Key Decisions Health Professions Education Researchers Must Make About Conducting Studies During Extreme Events Although at the time of this writing, the COVID-19 pandemic was the extreme event at hand, the authors intentionally created questions and discussed considerations that can be helpful for thinking through decisions in a variety of disruptions in health professions education research—many of which require similar difficult decisions and creative solutions to carry important research forward and maintain high quality. Although at the time of this writing, the COVID-19 pandemic was the extreme event at hand, the authors intentionally created questions and discussed considerations that can be helpful for thinking through decisions in a variety of disruptions in health professions education research-many of which require similar difficult decisions and creative solutions to carry important research forward and maintain high quality. • Will need to change-I will adjust recruitment, data collection procedures, survey/interview/focus group questions, analysis: Persist or pivot abstract: When extreme events occur, some research becomes a clear priority, but what becomes of all other research? Does it stop indefinitely, or can it be paused with plans to resume, persist with modifications, or pivot to address new priorities? Facing this dilemma and witnessing it among their fellow health professions education researchers, the authors recognized a need for guidance. This Invited Commentary presents a framework, organized as key questions related to the research stage and process, to assist health professions education researchers in making decisions about how to proceed with research that was planned or in progress when an extreme event occurred. Although at the time of this writing, the COVID-19 pandemic was the extreme event at hand, the authors intentionally created questions and discussed considerations that can be helpful for thinking through decisions in a variety of disruptions in health professions education research—many of which require similar difficult decisions and creative solutions to carry important research forward and maintain high quality. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32496292/ doi: 10.1097/acm.0000000000003535 id: cord-022219-y7vsc6r7 author: PEIFFER, ROBERT L. title: Animals in Ophthalmic Research: Concepts and Methodologies date: 2013-11-17 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7155455/ doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-278006-6.50008-2 id: cord-285898-rtqkvf63 author: Padberg, Stephanie title: Anti-infective Agents date: 2014-09-29 words: 23992.0 sentences: 1446.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-285898-rtqkvf63.txt txt: ./txt/cord-285898-rtqkvf63.txt summary: In the case of clarithromycin, there was some 2.6 Anti-infective Agents 2 Pregnancy initial concern as animal experiments demonstrated teratogenic effects, and for instance, in some studies cardiovascular defects were induced in rats. In a prospective cohort study with 949 women who were exposed to a fluorquinolone during the first trimester, neither the rate of major birth defects, nor the risk of spontaneous abortion were increased compared to a control group (Padberg 2014) . Danish cohort studies based on a prescription register also could not find an increased risk of birth defects after first trimester exposure in several thousand pregnant women (Nørgaard 2008 , Sørensen 1999 ). Data from the Antiretroviral Pregnancy Registry (2013) with 27 birth defects in 905 cases, indicate a malformation rate of 3.0% after exposure during the first trimester, similarly as seen in the general population of the USA. Three birth defects were observed among 141 pregnant women with first trimester exposures reported to the Antiretroviral Pregnancy Registry (2013). abstract: Infections may be hazardous to the health of the mother, the course of pregnancy, and the unborn child. They can lead to premature labor or premature rupture of membranes and thereby increase the risk for spontaneous abortion and prematurity. Furthermore, certain germs can pass to the unborn child and harm it directly. Therefore, an anti-infective treatment which should be both effective and safe for the mother and the unborn child is often required. The use of penicillines and older cephalosporines is well documented and considered to be safe. Consequently, they are the drug of choice during pregnancy. In selected cases of bacterial resistance or intolerance to first-line antibiotics, other anti-infective agents might be recommended. Especially for life-threatening infections, a therapy with not so well-tried agents might be needed. The potential benefit of treatment in such cases most often outbalances the potential risk for the unborn child. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B978012408078200007X doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-408078-2.00007-x id: cord-300465-19euup51 author: Paniagua-Avila, Alejandra title: Evaluating a multicomponent program to improve hypertension control in Guatemala: study protocol for an effectiveness-implementation cluster randomized trial date: 2020-06-09 words: 4892.0 sentences: 259.0 pages: flesch: 40.0 cache: ./cache/cord-300465-19euup51.txt txt: ./txt/cord-300465-19euup51.txt summary: This study will generate urgently needed data on effective, adoptable, and sustainable interventions and implementation strategies to improve hypertension control in Guatemala and other LMICs. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03504124. Specifically, these strategies include team-based care, health coaching sessions, home-based blood pressure (BP) monitoring, clinical decision support, BP audit and feedback, and training of healthcare providers. This study is an implementation-effectiveness, hybrid, type 2, cluster randomized control trial that will evaluate a multilevel and multicomponent hypertension control program within the Guatemalan primary care system [17] . The multicomponent program includes a protocol-based hypertension treatment and five implementation strategies: team-based collaborative care, health provider education, health coaching sessions, home blood pressure monitoring, and blood pressure audit and feedback. The overarching aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical effectiveness and implementation outcomes of a hypertension control multicomponent program within the first and second levels of care in Guatemala, compared to usual care. abstract: BACKGROUND: Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Despite advances in hypertension prevention and treatment, the proportion of patients who are aware, treated and controlled is low, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We will evaluate an adapted version of a multilevel and multicomponent hypertension control program in Guatemala, previously proven effective and feasible in Argentina. The program components are: protocol-based hypertension treatment using a standardized algorithm; team-based collaborative care; health provider education; health coaching sessions; home blood pressure monitoring; blood pressure audit; and feedback. METHODS: Using a hybrid type 2 effectiveness-implementation design, we will evaluate clinical and implementation outcomes of the multicomponent program in Guatemala over an 18-month period. Through a cluster randomized trial, we will randomly assign 18 health districts to the intervention arm and 18 to enhanced usual care across five departments, enrolling 44 participants per health district and 1584 participants in total. The clinical outcomes are (1) the difference in the proportion of patients with controlled hypertension (< 130/80 mmHg) between the intervention and control groups at 18 months and (2) the net change in systolic and diastolic blood pressure from baseline to 18 months. The context-enhanced Reach, Efficacy, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance (RE-AIM)/Practical Robust Implementation and Sustainability Model (PRISM) framework will guide the evaluation of the implementation at the level of the patient, provider, and health system. Using a mixed-methods approach, we will evaluate the following implementation outcomes: acceptability, adoption, feasibility, fidelity, adaptation, reach, sustainability, and cost-effectiveness. DISCUSSION: We will disseminate the study findings, and promote scale up and scale out of the program, if proven effective. This study will generate urgently needed data on effective, adoptable, and sustainable interventions and implementation strategies to improve hypertension control in Guatemala and other LMICs. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03504124. Registered on 20 April 2018. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32517806/ doi: 10.1186/s13063-020-04345-8 id: cord-007818-jfp9uumb author: Papali, Alfred title: Infrastructure and Organization of Adult Intensive Care Units in Resource-Limited Settings date: 2019-02-09 words: 15059.0 sentences: 654.0 pages: flesch: 34.0 cache: ./cache/cord-007818-jfp9uumb.txt txt: ./txt/cord-007818-jfp9uumb.txt summary: Finally, so-called telemedicine in ICUs in resource-rich settings, mainly to solve the problem of physician shortages during nighttime hours and in some ICUs with low-intensity staffing [21] , has been shown to improve early identification of patients who deteriorate [22] and increases the number of interventions [23] , but the effect on ICU outcomes remains controversial [24] and costs of required technological infrastructure are high [25] . Despite the availability of specialty training programs in selected countries, regional data and the experience of the authors suggest that intensive care specialists are unavailable in many ICUs in resource-limited settings [40] . Dedicated courses in trauma and intensive care-and emergency medicine-related procedures improve knowledge in "best clinical practice" of healthcare professionals working in ICUs in resource-limited settings [56, 57] . abstract: In this chapter, we provide guidance on some basic structural requirements, focusing on organization, staffing, and infrastructure. We suggest a closed-format intensive care unit (ICU) with dedicated physicians and nurses, specifically trained in intensive care medicine whenever feasible. Regarding infrastructural components, a reliable electricity supply is essential, with adequate backup systems. Facilities for oxygen therapy are crucial, and the choice between oxygen concentrators, cylinders, and a centralized system depends on the setting. For use in mechanical ventilators, a centralized piped system is preferred. Facilities for proper hand hygiene are essential. Alcohol-based solutions are preferred, except in the context of Ebola virus disease (chloride-based solutions) and Clostridium difficile infection (soap and water). Availability of disposable gloves is important for self-protection; for invasive procedures masks, caps, sterile gowns, sterile drapes, and sterile gloves are recommended. Caring for patients with highly contagious infectious diseases requires access to personal protective equipment. Basic ICU equipment should include vital signs monitors and mechanical ventilators, which should also deliver noninvasive ventilator modes. We suggest that ICUs providing invasive ventilatory support have the ability to measure end-tidal carbon dioxide and if possible can perform blood gas analysis. We recommend availability of glucometers and capabilities for measuring blood lactate. We suggest implementation of bedside ultrasound as diagnostic tool. Finally, we recommend proper administration of patient data; suggest development of locally applicable bundles, protocols, and checklists for the management of sepsis; and implement systematic collection of quality and performance indicators to guide improvements in ICU performance. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7124120/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-03143-5_3 id: cord-288052-qfjet2sa author: Paparini, Sara title: Case study research for better evaluations of complex interventions: rationale and challenges date: 2020-11-10 words: 3888.0 sentences: 172.0 pages: flesch: 38.0 cache: ./cache/cord-288052-qfjet2sa.txt txt: ./txt/cord-288052-qfjet2sa.txt summary: Empirical case studies typically enable dynamic understanding of complex challenges and provide evidence about causal mechanisms and the necessary and sufficient conditions (contexts) for intervention implementation and effects. For example, in an empirical case study of how the policy of free bus travel had specific health effects in London, UK, a quasi-experimental evaluation (led by JG) identified how important aspects of context (a good public transport system) and intervention (that it was universal) were necessary conditions for the observed effects, thus providing useful, actionable evidence for decisionmakers in other contexts [17] . If evaluative health research is to move beyond the current impasse on methods for understanding interventions as interruptions in complex systems, we need to consider in more detail how researchers can conduct and report empirical case studies which do aim to elucidate the contextual factors which interact with interventions to produce particular effects. abstract: BACKGROUND: The need for better methods for evaluation in health research has been widely recognised. The ‘complexity turn’ has drawn attention to the limitations of relying on causal inference from randomised controlled trials alone for understanding whether, and under which conditions, interventions in complex systems improve health services or the public health, and what mechanisms might link interventions and outcomes. We argue that case study research—currently denigrated as poor evidence—is an under-utilised resource for not only providing evidence about context and transferability, but also for helping strengthen causal inferences when pathways between intervention and effects are likely to be non-linear. MAIN BODY: Case study research, as an overall approach, is based on in-depth explorations of complex phenomena in their natural, or real-life, settings. Empirical case studies typically enable dynamic understanding of complex challenges and provide evidence about causal mechanisms and the necessary and sufficient conditions (contexts) for intervention implementation and effects. This is essential evidence not just for researchers concerned about internal and external validity, but also research users in policy and practice who need to know what the likely effects of complex programmes or interventions will be in their settings. The health sciences have much to learn from scholarship on case study methodology in the social sciences. However, there are multiple challenges in fully exploiting the potential learning from case study research. First are misconceptions that case study research can only provide exploratory or descriptive evidence. Second, there is little consensus about what a case study is, and considerable diversity in how empirical case studies are conducted and reported. Finally, as case study researchers typically (and appropriately) focus on thick description (that captures contextual detail), it can be challenging to identify the key messages related to intervention evaluation from case study reports. CONCLUSION: Whilst the diversity of published case studies in health services and public health research is rich and productive, we recommend further clarity and specific methodological guidance for those reporting case study research for evaluation audiences. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33167974/ doi: 10.1186/s12916-020-01777-6 id: cord-340284-xo7q4dqr author: Pappa, Sofia title: Prevalence of depression, anxiety, and insomnia among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2020-05-08 words: 2967.0 sentences: 146.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-340284-xo7q4dqr.txt txt: ./txt/cord-340284-xo7q4dqr.txt summary: The aim of this rapid systematic review and meta-analysis is to examine the emerging evidence of the effects of the COVID-19 outbreak on the mental health of HCW and particularly in relation to the prevalence of anxiety, depression and insomnia. Following search terms were used: ("healthcare workers" OR "medical staff" OR "healthcare professionals") AND ("coronavirus" OR "SARS-COV-2" OR "COVID-19") AND ("depression" OR "anxiety" OR "insomnia" OR "mental health" OR "psychological"). The following data were extracted from each article by two reviews independently: study type, total number of participants, participation rate, region, percentage of physicians, nurses and other HCWs screened in the survey, number of male and female participants, assessment methods used and their cut-offs as well as the total number and percentage of participants that screened positive for depression, anxiety or insomnia. This timely rapid systematic review and meta-analyses of 13 cross-sectional studies and a total of 33062 participants provides early evidence that a high proportion of healthcare professionals experience significant levels of anxiety, depression and insomnia during COVID-19 pandemic. abstract: BACKGROUND: COVID-19 pandemic has the potential to significantly affect the mental health of healthcare workers (HCWs), who stand in the frontline of this crisis. It is, therefore, an immediate priority to monitor rates of mood, sleep and other mental health issues in order to understand mediating factors and inform tailored interventions. The aim of this review is to synthesize and analyze existing evidence on the prevalence of depression, anxiety and insomnia among HCWs during the Covid-19 outbreak. METHODS: A systematic search of literature databases was conducted up to April 17(th), 2020. Two reviewers independently assessed full-text articles according to predefined criteria. Risk of bias for each individual study was assessed and data pooled using random-effects meta-analyses to estimate the prevalence of specific mental health problems. The review protocol is registered in PROSPERO and is available online. Findings Thirteen studies were included in the analysis with a combined total of 33062 participants. Anxiety was assessed in 12 studies, with a pooled prevalence of 23·2% and depression in 10 studies, with a prevalence rate of 22·8%. A subgroup analysis revealed gender and occupational differences with female HCPs and nurses exhibiting higher rates of affective symptoms compared to male and medical staff respectively. Finally, insomnia prevalence was estimated at 38·9% across 4 studies. Interpretation Early evidence suggests that a considerable proportion of HCWs experience mood and sleep disturbances during this outbreak, stressing the need to establish ways to mitigate mental health risks and adjust interventions under pandemic conditions. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S088915912030845X?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.05.026 id: cord-010680-lc1onm53 author: Patel, Ami title: In Vivo Delivery of Nucleic Acid-Encoded Monoclonal Antibodies date: 2020-03-10 words: 13044.0 sentences: 659.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-010680-lc1onm53.txt txt: ./txt/cord-010680-lc1onm53.txt summary: Some of these hurdles may be overcome through transient in vivo gene delivery platforms, such as non-viral synthetic plasmid DNA and messenger RNA vectors that are engineered to encode optimized mAb genes. In this review, we focus on nucleic acid delivery of antibody employing synthetic plasmid DNA vector platforms, and RNA delivery, these being important approaches that are advancing simple, rapid, in vivo expression and having an impact in animal models of infectious diseases and cancer, among others. The original studies surrounding in vivo antibody gene delivery focused primarily on gene delivery using recombinant viral vectors such as AAV and adenovirus (Ad), which were advanced clinically, building on work in the traditional gene therapy-based field. Additional studies to help evaluate fully human pDNA-mAbs in mouse models would be highly informative for both non-viral and viral delivery and provide an important path forward for preclinical evaluation of in vivo-delivered antibodies [109] . abstract: Antibody immunotherapy is revolutionizing modern medicine. The field has advanced dramatically over the past 40 years, driven in part by major advances in isolation and manufacturing technologies that have brought these important biologics to the forefront of modern medicine. However, the global uptake of monoclonal antibody (mAb) biologics is impeded by biophysical and biochemical liabilities, production limitations, the need for cold-chain storage and transport, as well as high costs of manufacturing and distribution. Some of these hurdles may be overcome through transient in vivo gene delivery platforms, such as non-viral synthetic plasmid DNA and messenger RNA vectors that are engineered to encode optimized mAb genes. These approaches turn the body into a biological factory for antibody production, eliminating many of the steps involved in bioprocesses and providing several other significant advantages, and differ from traditional gene therapy (permanent delivery) approaches. In this review, we focus on nucleic acid delivery of antibody employing synthetic plasmid DNA vector platforms, and RNA delivery, these being important approaches that are advancing simple, rapid, in vivo expression and having an impact in animal models of infectious diseases and cancer, among others. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7211204/ doi: 10.1007/s40259-020-00412-3 id: cord-320851-zhf8jdcl author: Patil, Satish title: Phosphonooxymethyl Prodrug of Triptolide: Synthesis, Physicochemical Characterization, and Efficacy in Human Colon Adenocarcinoma and Ovarian Cancer Xenografts date: 2015-11-24 words: 7684.0 sentences: 433.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-320851-zhf8jdcl.txt txt: ./txt/cord-320851-zhf8jdcl.txt summary: title: Phosphonooxymethyl Prodrug of Triptolide: Synthesis, Physicochemical Characterization, and Efficacy in Human Colon Adenocarcinoma and Ovarian Cancer Xenografts In a mouse model of human colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29), the prodrug administered intraperitoneally was effective in reducing or eliminating xenograft tumors at dose levels as low as 0.3 mg/kg when given daily and at 0.9 mg/kg when given less frequently. A nontoxic, water-soluble, chemically stable, and patentable prodrug approach would be a viable option to overcome some of the physicochemical limitations of triptolide for the clinical development of this natural product. Therefore, the prerequisites for a novel prodrug strategy of triptolide were three-fold: enhanced aqueous solubility, chemical stability, and fast, complete bioconversion in vivo. 46−49 We are now describing an improved synthesis for 4, its physicochemical characterization, and its pharmacodynamic evaluation in human colon adenocarcinoma and ovarian cancer xenografts via intraperitoneal and oral routes and using less frequent dosing schedules than employed in previous studies. abstract: [Image: see text] A disodium phosphonooxymethyl prodrug of the antitumor agent triptolide was prepared from the natural product in three steps (39% yield) and displayed excellent aqueous solubility at pH 7.4 (61 mg/mL) compared to the natural product (17 μg/mL). The estimated shelf life (t(90)) for hydrolysis of the prodrug at 4 °C and pH 7.4 was found to be two years. In a mouse model of human colon adenocarcinoma (HT-29), the prodrug administered intraperitoneally was effective in reducing or eliminating xenograft tumors at dose levels as low as 0.3 mg/kg when given daily and at 0.9 mg/kg when given less frequently. When given via intraperitoneal and oral routes at daily doses of 0.6 and 0.9 mg/kg, the prodrug was also effective and well tolerated in a mouse model of human ovarian cancer (A2780). url: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01329 doi: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01329 id: cord-354306-zbkgabl2 author: Pennycook, Gordon title: Fighting COVID-19 Misinformation on Social Media: Experimental Evidence for a Scalable Accuracy-Nudge Intervention date: 2020-06-30 words: 5988.0 sentences: 319.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-354306-zbkgabl2.txt txt: ./txt/cord-354306-zbkgabl2.txt summary: In Study 1, participants were far worse at discerning between true and false content when deciding what they would share on social media relative to when they were asked directly about accuracy. According to this account, people generally wish to avoid spreading misinformation and, in fact, are often able to tell truth from falsehood; however, they nonetheless share false and misleading content because the social media context focuses their attention on factors other than accuracy (e.g., partisan alignment). In support of this inattention-based account, recent findings showed that most participants were surprisingly good at discerning between true and false political news when asked to assess "the accuracy of headlines"-yet headline veracity had very little impact on participants'' willingness to share the headlines on social media. Study 1 tested for a dissociation between accuracy judgments and sharing intentions when participants evaluated a set of true and false news headlines about COVID-19. abstract: Across two studies with more than 1,700 U.S. adults recruited online, we present evidence that people share false claims about COVID-19 partly because they simply fail to think sufficiently about whether or not the content is accurate when deciding what to share. In Study 1, participants were far worse at discerning between true and false content when deciding what they would share on social media relative to when they were asked directly about accuracy. Furthermore, greater cognitive reflection and science knowledge were associated with stronger discernment. In Study 2, we found that a simple accuracy reminder at the beginning of the study (i.e., judging the accuracy of a non-COVID-19-related headline) nearly tripled the level of truth discernment in participants’ subsequent sharing intentions. Our results, which mirror those found previously for political fake news, suggest that nudging people to think about accuracy is a simple way to improve choices about what to share on social media. url: https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797620939054 doi: 10.1177/0956797620939054 id: cord-327967-cuy254tf author: Pierce John, P. title: Real-world exposure to graphic warning labels on cigarette packages in US smokers: The CASA randomized trial protocol date: 2020-09-20 words: 7276.0 sentences: 352.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-327967-cuy254tf.txt txt: ./txt/cord-327967-cuy254tf.txt summary: The study uses a blank pack (devoid of all advertising) as one control group for GWL packs to identify whether differences observed are from removing tobacco industry advertising or from using GWLs. We assess initial participant appeal-aversion responses to the study packaging to explore whether upfront reactivity modifies any downstream GWL effects. To test the effect of 3 months of real-world exposure to different cigarette packaging (Blank Pack devoid of any cigarette branding and GWL Pack featuring 1 of 3 rotating images) on smokers" cognitions and behavior about smoking at the end of the intervention exposure as well as longer term after smokers have reverted to their industry-marketed US packs. Aim 1: Assess changes in the perceptions (awareness, concern) of risks from cigarette smoking Aim 2: Assess changes in perceptions of appeal of cigarette packs and their subjective reinforcing effects on smoking Aim 3: Assess changes in cigarette smoking behavior including purchasing behavior, pack handling, quitting cognitions and cigarette consumption Aim 4 (Exploratory): Test whether the participants initial appeal-aversion response to the study pack designs as well as nicotine dependence modify responses to the 3-month intervention. abstract: Background The US lags behind >120 countries in implementing graphic warning labels (GWLs) on cigarette packs. US courts prevented implementation of FDA's 2012 rule requiring GWLs citing the need for more evidence on effectiveness. After more research, in 2020, the FDA proposed a revised rule mandating GWLs. This trial will test how the introduction of GWLs influence cognitions and behavior in US smokers. Method To investigate the “real world” impact of GWLs in US smokers, we are conducting a randomized trial involving a 3-month intervention and 8-month follow-up. The study recruited California smokers between September 2016 through December 2019 and randomly assigned them into 3 groups (1) Blank Pack devoid of any cigarette branding; (2) GWL Pack featuring 1 of 3 rotating images added to blank pack; or (3) their usual Standard US Pack. Throughout the 3-month intervention, participants purchased study-packaged cigarettes and reported daily cognitions and behavior through ecological momentary assessments. We will validate self-reported tobacco use with saliva cotinine concentrations following the 3-month intervention and 8-month follow-up. Results The trial enrolled 359 participants (average age 39 years; average cigarette consumption half a pack/day). The 3 study groups were balanced on age, gender, race-ethnicity, education and income (17% low income) as well as on smoking related variables. Conclusions This 3-month real-world randomized trial will test the effect of repackaging cigarettes from standard US packs to GWL plain packs on smokers' perceptions of the risks of smoking, their perception of the appeal of their cigarettes, and on their smoking behavior. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32966877/ doi: 10.1016/j.cct.2020.106152 id: cord-313783-cfcfiyju author: Pinna, Fábio de Rezende title: Olfaction and COVID: The little we Know and what else we need to know date: 2020-06-15 words: 857.0 sentences: 56.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-313783-cfcfiyju.txt txt: ./txt/cord-313783-cfcfiyju.txt summary: Recently, there have been numerous reports in the media that anosmia occurs in patients who have contracted coronavirus disease 2019 by exposure to the SARS-COV-02 virus. Another study from Europe hypothesized that olfactory disturbances could be highly associated with mild or moderate cases, even with a small sample size. [1] [2] [3] [4] Future studies should clarify whether this chemosensory loss differs according to COVID-19 severity or hospitalized and non-hospitalized patients. Regarding pathophysiology, the severe inflammation due to virus infection still needs better understanding, and maybe autopsies of patients who died could compare tissue damage between the olfactory epithelium and the bulb. This may be the underlying mechanism for reported cases of smell dysfunction in patients with COVID 19. Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions as a clinical presentation of mild-tomoderate forms of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19): a multicenter European study Association of chemosensory dysfunction and Covid-19 in patients presenting with influenza-like symptoms abstract: nan url: https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1713143 doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1713143 id: cord-022594-fx044gcd author: Pirko, Istvan title: Demyelinating Disorders of the Central Nervous System date: 2009-05-18 words: 25103.0 sentences: 1371.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-022594-fx044gcd.txt txt: ./txt/cord-022594-fx044gcd.txt summary: If a patient presents with a history of two or more attacks, but objective clinical evidence only suggests one lesion, the following additional data is needed to confirm the diagnosis: the disease process has to be disseminated in space as demonstrated by MRI; alternatively, two or more MRI-detected lesions consistent with MS plus positive CSF would suffice to meet the newly defined criteria. The EBM calculations regarding this trial show an RRR of 24%, and ARR of 11%, and an NNT of 9 patients over 2 years in order to prevent one conversion to "clinically definite MS." These two studies provide support for considering early treatment in patients presenting with first attack, in the presence of multiple asymptomatic MRI lesions, but further studies are needed to determine whether this approach will provide a prolonged benefit on disease course. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7158368/ doi: 10.1016/b978-141603618-0.10048-7 id: cord-328056-y5x80tuw author: Popescu, Corneliu P. title: Hydroxychloroquine-azithromycin for COVID-19 – Warranted or dangerous? date: 2020-05-30 words: 1123.0 sentences: 68.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-328056-y5x80tuw.txt txt: ./txt/cord-328056-y5x80tuw.txt summary: (4) The seeming safety and effectiveness of hydroxychloroquine-azithromycin is in contradiction to data in a study published just a week earlier that showed dangerously increased death rates in hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, and macrolide-treated patients.(5) That multi-nation registry of 96,032 hospitalized SARS-CoV-2 patients in 671 centers on six continents included 14,888 who were treated with chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine, with or without a macrolide.(5) Confounding factors were considered, and patients receiving remdesivir were excluded from the study. Widespread use of incompletely tested medications could potentially have dangerous side effects, and Million''s group wisely did not include patients with identified risk for arrhythmia in their study. While some readers will be encouraged enough by the results of Million''s study to "just do something" in giving hydroxychloroquine-azithromycin combined treatment to COVID-19 patients, others will opt to await more "proof" of safety and efficacy from randomized blinded controlled clinical trials. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32485391/ doi: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2020.101764 id: cord-004515-x22q1f21 author: Pottecher, Julien title: Protocol for TRAUMADORNASE: a prospective, randomized, multicentre, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial of aerosolized dornase alfa to reduce the incidence of moderate-to-severe hypoxaemia in ventilated trauma patients date: 2020-03-18 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: BACKGROUND: Acute respiratory distress syndrome continues to drive significant morbidity and mortality after severe trauma. The incidence of trauma-induced, moderate-to-severe hypoxaemia, according to the Berlin definition, could be as high as 45%. Its pathophysiology includes the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), which propagate tissue injuries by triggering neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). NETs include a DNA backbone coated with cytoplasmic proteins, which drive pulmonary cytotoxic effects. The structure of NETs and many DAMPs includes double-stranded DNA, which prevents their neutralization by plasma. Dornase alfa is a US Food and Drug Administration-approved recombinant DNase, which cleaves extracellular DNA and may therefore break up the backbone of NETs and DAMPs. Aerosolized dornase alfa was shown to reduce trauma-induced lung injury in experimental models and to improve arterial oxygenation in ventilated patients. METHODS: TRAUMADORNASE will be an institution-led, multicentre, double-blinded, placebo-controlled randomized trial in ventilated trauma patients. The primary trial objective is to demonstrate a reduction in the incidence of moderate-to-severe hypoxaemia in severe trauma patients during the first 7 days from 45% to 30% by providing aerosolized dornase alfa as compared to placebo. The secondary objectives are to demonstrate an improvement in lung function and a reduction in morbidity and mortality. Randomization of 250 patients per treatment arm will be carried out through a secure, web-based system. Statistical analyses will include a descriptive step and an inferential step using fully Bayesian techniques. The study was approved by both the Agence Nationale de la Sécurité du Médicament et des Produits de Santé (ANSM, on 5 October 2018) and a National Institutional Review Board (CPP, on 6 November 2018). Participant recruitment began in March 2019. Results will be published in international peer-reviewed medical journals. DISCUSSION: If early administration of inhaled dornase alfa actually reduces the incidence of moderate-to-severe hypoxaemia in patients with severe trauma, this new therapeutic strategy may be easily implemented in many clinical trauma care settings. This treatment may facilitate ventilator weaning, reduce the burden of trauma-induced lung inflammation and facilitate recovery and rehabilitation in severe trauma patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03368092. Registered on 11 December 2017. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7079402/ doi: 10.1186/s13063-020-4141-6 id: cord-252691-757mh2mh author: Pratt, R. J. title: epic2: National Evidence-Based Guidelines for Preventing Healthcare-Associated Infections in NHS Hospitals in England date: 2007-02-28 words: 25528.0 sentences: 1404.0 pages: flesch: 39.0 cache: ./cache/cord-252691-757mh2mh.txt txt: ./txt/cord-252691-757mh2mh.txt summary: Following extensive consultation, they were published in January 2001.1 These guidelines describe the precautions healthcare workers should take in three areas: standard principles for preventing HCAI, which include hospital environmental hygiene, hand hygiene, the use of personal protective equipment, and the safe use and disposal of sharps; preventing infections associated with the use of short-term indwelling urethral catheters; and preventing infections associated with central venous catheters. epic2: Guidelines for Preventing Healthcare-Associated Infections in NHS Hospitals S15 Current evidence-based guidelines conclude that in both outbreak and non-outbreak situations contaminated hands are responsible for crosstransmission of microorganisms and that effective and effective hand decontamination can significantly reduce both cross-transmission and crossinfection rates for the majority of HCAI in all healthcare settings. 1, 85 The decision to use or wear personal protective equipment must be based upon an assessment of epic2: Guidelines for Preventing Healthcare-Associated Infections in NHS Hospitals S19 the level of risk associated with a specific patient care activity or intervention and take account of current health and safety legislation. abstract: Executive Summary National evidence-based guidelines for preventing healthcare-associated infections (HCAI) in National Health Service (NHS) hospitals in England were commissioned by the Department of Health (DH) and developed during 1998-2000 by a nurse-led multi-professional team of researchers and specialist clinicians. Following extensive consultation, they were published in January 2001.1 These guidelines describe the precautions healthcare workers should take in three areas: standard principles for preventing HCAI, which include hospital environmental hygiene, hand hygiene, the use of personal protective equipment, and the safe use and disposal of sharps; preventing infections associated with the use of short-term indwelling urethral catheters; and preventing infections associated with central venous catheters. The evidence for these guidelines was identified by multiple systematic reviews of experimental and non-experimental research and expert opinion as reflected in systematically identified professional, national and international guidelines, which were formally assessed by a validated appraisal process. In 2003, we developed complementary national guidelines for preventing HCAI in primary and community care on behalf of the National Collaborating Centre for Nursing and Supportive Care (National Institute for Healthand Clinical Excellence).2 A cardinal feature of evidence-based guidelines is that they are subject to timely review in order that new research evidence and technological advances can be identified, appraised and, if shown to be effective in preventing HCAI, incorporated into amended guidelines. Periodically updating the evidence base and guideline recommendations is essential in order to maintain their validity and authority. Consequently, the DH commissioned a review of new evidence published following the last systematic reviews. We have now updated the evidence base for making infection prevention and control recommendations. A critical assessment of the updated evidence indicated that the original epic guidelines published in 2001 remain robust, relevant and appropriate but that adjustments need to be made to some guideline recommendations following a synopsis of the evidence underpinning the guidelines. These updated national guidelines (epic2) provide comprehensive recommendations for preventing HCAI in hospitals and other acute care settings based on the best currently available evidence. Because this is not always the best possible evidence, we have included a suggested agenda for further research in each section of the guidelines. National evidence-based guidelines are broad principles of best practice which need to be integrated into local practice guidelines. To monitor implementation, we have suggested key audit criteria for each section of recommendations. Clinically effective infection prevention and control practice is an essential feature of protecting patients. By incorporating these guidelines into routine daily clinical practice, patient safety can be enhanced and the risk of patients acquiring an infection during episodes of healthcare in NHS hospitals in England can be minimised. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0195670107600024 doi: 10.1016/s0195-6701(07)60002-4 id: cord-323910-lms3xw4k author: Putman, Michael title: Antirheumatic Disease Therapies for the Treatment of COVID‐19: A Systematic Review and Meta‐analysis date: 2020-08-02 words: 4592.0 sentences: 293.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-323910-lms3xw4k.txt txt: ./txt/cord-323910-lms3xw4k.txt summary: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we identified and summarized published and pre-print original scientific articles that described the use of antirheumatic disease therapies for the treatment of COVID-19. The final eligibility criteria were (1) Included 5 or more people infected with SARS-CoV-2; (2) antirheumatic disease therapy (Supplemental Appendix); (3) published after January 1st, 2019; (4) original research; (5) had one of the following outcomes: Death, ventilator-free days, escalation of care (ICU transfer), length of hospital stay, symptom resolution, viral clearance. For reporting purposes and due to the methodological diversity of the studies, we prioritized results for summary and synthesis based on study design (RCT > cohort studies > case series), risk of bias assessment (low risk > some concerns > high risk) and relevance of the outcome (e.g. mortality > viral clearance). All rights reserved DISCUSSION In this systematic review and meta-analysis of antirheumatic disease therapies for the treatment of COVID-19, the use of hydroxychloroquine was not associated with mortality. abstract: OBJECTIVE: Antirheumatic disease therapies have been used to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) and its complications. We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis to describe the current evidence. METHODS: A search of published and preprint databases in all languages was performed. Included studies described one or more relevant clinical outcomes in five or more people who were infected with SARS‐CoV‐2 and were treated with antirheumatic disease therapy between 01/01/2019 and 05/29/2020. Pairs of reviewers screened articles and extracted data and assessed risk of bias. A meta‐analysis of effect sizes using the random‐effects models was performed when possible. RESULTS: The search identified 3,935 articles, of which 45 were included (4 randomized controlled trials, 29 cohort studies, and 12 case series). All studies evaluated hospitalized patients and 29 out of 45 had been published in a peer‐reviewed journal. In a meta‐analysis of three cohort studies with a low risk of bias, hydroxychloroquine use was not significantly associated with mortality (pooled hazard ratio (HR) 1.41, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.83‐2.42). In a meta‐analysis of two cohort studies with some concerns/high risk of bias, anakinra use was associated with lower mortality (pooled HR 0.2, 95% CI 0.1‐0.4). Evidence was inconclusive with regard to other antirheumatic disease therapies and the majority of other studies had a high risk of bias. CONCLUSION: In this systematic review and meta‐analysis, hydroxychloroquine use was not associated with benefit or harm with regard to COVID‐19 mortality. The evidence supporting the effect of other antirheumatic disease therapies in COVID‐19 is currently inconclusive. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32741139/ doi: 10.1002/art.41469 id: cord-337663-ow1l18li author: Qu, Liang G. title: Scoping review: hotspots for COVID-19 urological research: what is being published and from where? date: 2020-09-09 words: 4694.0 sentences: 306.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-337663-ow1l18li.txt txt: ./txt/cord-337663-ow1l18li.txt summary: This comprehensive review aimed to: identify all up-to-date original publications relating to urology and COVID-19, characterise where publications were from, and outline what topics were investigated. Topics of the study included pathophysiological, administrative, and clinical fields: translational (n = 14), COVID-19-related outcomes (n = 5), urology training (n = 4), telemedicine (n = 7), equipment and safety (n = 2), urology in general (n = 4), uro-oncology (n = 3), urolithiasis (n = 1), and kidney transplantation (n = 8). A registered study in France (NCT04341714) is similarly assessing the efficiency and satisfaction of telemedicine consults, aiming to recruit 400 patients from a neuro-urology clinic. 48 studies were included, investigating pathophysiological, administrative, and clinical outcomes relating to COVID-19 and urology. Clinical fields of COVID-19-related urological research seem to focus on uro-oncology, urolithiasis, and kidney transplant recipients. Nevertheless, our review is the first to provide a comprehensive country-level analysis of current original urological research related to COVID-19. abstract: PURPOSE: Contemporary, original research should be utilised to inform guidelines in urology relating to the COVID-19 pandemic. This comprehensive review aimed to: identify all up-to-date original publications relating to urology and COVID-19, characterise where publications were from, and outline what topics were investigated. METHODS: This review utilised a search strategy that assessed five electronic databases, additional grey literature, and global trial registries. All current published, in-press, and pre-print manuscripts were included. Eligible studies were required to be original research articles of any study design, reporting on COVID-19 or urology, in any of study population, intervention, comparison, or outcomes. Included studies were reported in a narrative synthesis format. Data were summarised according to primary reported outcome topic. A world heatmap was generated to represent where included studies originated from. RESULTS: Of the 6617 search results, 48 studies met final inclusion criteria, including 8 pre-prints and 7 ongoing studies from online registries. These studies originated from ten countries according to first author affiliation. Most studies originated from China (n = 13), followed by Italy (n = 12) and USA (n = 11). Topics of the study included pathophysiological, administrative, and clinical fields: translational (n = 14), COVID-19-related outcomes (n = 5), urology training (n = 4), telemedicine (n = 7), equipment and safety (n = 2), urology in general (n = 4), uro-oncology (n = 3), urolithiasis (n = 1), and kidney transplantation (n = 8). CONCLUSION: This review has outlined available original research relevant to COVID-19 and urology from the international community. This summary may serve as a guide for future research priorities in this area. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1007/s00345-020-03434-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00345-020-03434-2 doi: 10.1007/s00345-020-03434-2 id: cord-302833-6kntd89t author: Radonovich, Lewis J. title: The Respiratory Protection Effectiveness Clinical Trial (ResPECT): a cluster-randomized comparison of respirator and medical mask effectiveness against respiratory infections in healthcare personnel date: 2016-06-02 words: 5090.0 sentences: 248.0 pages: flesch: 39.0 cache: ./cache/cord-302833-6kntd89t.txt txt: ./txt/cord-302833-6kntd89t.txt summary: BACKGROUND: Although N95 filtering facepiece respirators and medical masks are commonly used for protection against respiratory infections in healthcare settings, more clinical evidence is needed to understand the optimal settings and exposure circumstances for healthcare personnel to use these devices. Healthcare personnel who work in outpatient settings will be cluster-randomized to wear N95 respirators or medical masks for protection against infections during respiratory virus season. Abbreviations ARI, acute respiratory illness; CDC, centers for disease control and prevention; DSMB, data safety monitoring board; HAI, hemagglutination inhibition antibody; HCP, healthcare personnel; ILI, influenza like illness; LCRI, Laboratory confirmed respiratory illness; MM, medical mask; N95, N95 respirator; NIOSH, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; OSHA, Occupational Safety and Health Administration; PPE, occupational protective equipment; ResPECT, respiratory protection effectiveness clinical trial; RPD, respiratory protective devices; RT-PCR, reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; US, United States. abstract: BACKGROUND: Although N95 filtering facepiece respirators and medical masks are commonly used for protection against respiratory infections in healthcare settings, more clinical evidence is needed to understand the optimal settings and exposure circumstances for healthcare personnel to use these devices. A lack of clinically germane research has led to equivocal, and occasionally conflicting, healthcare respiratory protection recommendations from public health organizations, professional societies, and experts. METHODS: The Respiratory Protection Effectiveness Clinical Trial (ResPECT) is a prospective comparison of respiratory protective equipment to be conducted at multiple U.S. study sites. Healthcare personnel who work in outpatient settings will be cluster-randomized to wear N95 respirators or medical masks for protection against infections during respiratory virus season. Outcome measures will include laboratory-confirmed viral respiratory infections, acute respiratory illness, and influenza-like illness. Participant exposures to patients, coworkers, and others with symptoms and signs of respiratory infection, both within and beyond the workplace, will be recorded in daily diaries. Adherence to study protocols will be monitored by the study team. DISCUSSION: ResPECT is designed to better understand the extent to which N95s and MMs reduce clinical illness among healthcare personnel. A fully successful study would produce clinically relevant results that help clinician-leaders make reasoned decisions about protection of healthcare personnel against occupationally acquired respiratory infections and prevention of spread within healthcare systems. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial is registered at clinicaltrials.gov, number NCT01249625 (11/29/2010). url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27255755/ doi: 10.1186/s12879-016-1494-2 id: cord-258399-difauneh author: Rahmani, Amir Masoud title: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) prevention and treatment methods and effective parameters: A systematic literature review date: 2020-10-22 words: 10486.0 sentences: 586.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-258399-difauneh.txt txt: ./txt/cord-258399-difauneh.txt summary:  Providing a new-of-the-art taxonomy tree for evaluating the issue based on three baseline fields of treatment, and prevention facing methods, and the effective parameters in the COVID-19 outbreak  Providing a systematic literature review based on the proposed taxonomy tree  Covering detection, prediction, and management approaches against the disease according to three heads of treatment, prevention, and effective parameters  Supporting future scopes according to economic damages, treatment''s injuries, and people''s physical and mental damages after recovery and regarding social distancing''s rules in post-pandemic This tree covers the heads of all studies in the domain of the issue to investigate the effective parameters in the virus outbreak (Individual, ethnic, cultural, and social habits and environmental factors), prevention and detection''s role in facing the disease, and various therapies'' impact on improving patients'' with COVID-19 considering the treatment''s injuries. abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak was first identified in Wuhan in December 2019, which was declared a pandemic virus by the world health organization on March 11 in 2020. COVID-19 is an infectious disease and almost leads to acute respiratory distress syndrome. Therefore, the virus epidemic is a big problem for humanity healthy and can lead die in special people with background diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, chronic heart failure, diabetes mellitus, and kidney failure. Different medical, social, and engineering methods have been proposed to face the disease include treatment, detection, prevention, and prediction approaches. METHODS: We propose a taxonomy tree to investigate the disease confronting methods and their negative and positive effects. Our work consists of a case study and systematic literature review (SLR) to evaluate the proposed methods against the virus outbreak and disease epidemic. RESULTS: Our experimental results and observations demonstrate the impact of the proposed medical, prevention, detection, prediction, and social methods for facing the spread of COVID-19 from December 2019 to July 2020. CONCLUSION: Our case study can help people have more information about the disease and its impact on humanity healthy and illustrate effective self-caring methods and therapies. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S2210670720307861 doi: 10.1016/j.scs.2020.102568 id: cord-295806-imuk73xa author: Ramirez-Moreno, J. M. title: Mask-associated de novo headache in healthcare workers during the Covid-19 pandemic. date: 2020-08-11 words: 3987.0 sentences: 186.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-295806-imuk73xa.txt txt: ./txt/cord-295806-imuk73xa.txt summary: self-filtering masks of particles and liquid aerosols (FFP), average number of hours of use per day) and use of other protective devices (glasses or screens); (4) frequency and characteristics of pre-existing primary headache (changes in headache frequency, attack duration and frequency, as well as drug use and response), (5) the main variable of the study was personal opinion about the presence of new headache in the period in which these protective systems were mandatory (duration of headache episode, intensity and frequency, as well as drug use and response); (6) presence of other symptoms potentially associated with the use of facial protection equipment (fatigue, sleep disorder, lack of concentration, irritability, nausea or vomiting or others); (7) we evaluated the selfperceived impact of the presence of new-onset headache using the Likert scale on social, occupational, family and personal aspects; (8) we also evaluated the self-perceived impact that headache conditions have on the performance of work activities and (9) lastly, we analyzed self-perceived work stress by means of the Psychosomatic Problems Questionnaire (PPQ) [13] . abstract: Introduction: The pandemic caused by the new coronavirus (COVID-19) has led to changes in the development of health care activities by health professionals. We analysed whether there is an association between the appearance of de novo headache according to the type of mask used, the related factors, as well as the impact of the headache on health professionals. Method: cross-sectional study in a tertiary hospital in Extremadura, Spain. We administered an online questionnaire to healthcare workers during the period of maximum incidence of COVID-19 in our setting. Results: n=306, 244 women (79.7%), with an average age of 43 years (range 23-65). Of the total, 129 (42.2%) were physicians, 112 (36.6%) nurses and 65 (21.2%) other health workers. 208 (79.7%) used surgical masks and 53 (20.3%) used filtering masks. Of all those surveyed, 158 (51.6%) presented de novo headache. The occurrence of headache was independently associated with the use of a filtering mask, OR 2.14 (IC95% 1.07-4.32), being a nurse OR 2.09 (IC95% 1.18-3.72) or another health worker OR 6.94 (IC95% 3.01-16.04) or having a history of asthma OR 0.29 (IC95% 0.09-0.89). Depending on the type of mask used there were differences in headache intensity. And the impact of headache in the subjects who used a filtering mask was worse in the all aspects evaluated. Conclusions: The appearance of de novo headache is associated with the use of filtering masks and is more frequent in certain health care workers, causing a greater occupational, family, personal and social impact. url: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.07.20167957 doi: 10.1101/2020.08.07.20167957 id: cord-311260-eyvaazfj author: Rao, Ghanta N. title: Refinement of long-term toxicity and carcinogenesis studies() date: 2004-09-27 words: 4465.0 sentences: 227.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-311260-eyvaazfj.txt txt: ./txt/cord-311260-eyvaazfj.txt summary: journal: Fundam Appl Toxicol We must continue to strive to find species and strains that can metabolize chemicals similar to humans, are small enough to be housed in large numbers, and have low prevalence of spontaneous lesions with sufficient life span to express the toxic and carcinogenic potential of chemicals. We must continue to strive to find species and strains that can metabolize chemicals similar to humans, are small enough to be housed in large numbers, and have low prevalence of spontaneous lesions with sufficient life span to express the toxic and carcinogenic potential of chemicals. However, viral infections were associated with nonneoplastic lesions in lungs, nasal cavity, liver, and other organs of rats and mice and may complicate the identification and interpretation of toxic effects of chemicals (NTP, unpublished data). abstract: The chance that alternatives will completely replace animals for toxicology research in the foreseeable future is nil. Continual refinement of animal toxicity and carcinogenesis studies, however, can be an effective means of reducing the numbers of animals used and conserving time and resources without compromising scientific quality. We must continue to strive to find species and strains that can metabolize chemicals similar to humans, are small enough to be housed in large numbers, and have low prevalence of spontaneous lesions with sufficient life span to express the toxic and carcinogenic potential of chemicals. Adequate care of animals with control of variables such as light, temperature, diet, bedding, diseases, and genetic characters of laboratory animals will decrease the variability. Humane considerations and euthanasia of animals with large masses and other conditions interfering with eating and drinking, major injuries and ulcers related to husbandry and treatment, and diseases indicating pain and suffering will help not only to alleviate further pain and distress but also to facilitate collection of tissues without secondary complications for detection of chemical treatment-related lesions. Limiting the duration of studies to decrease the variability due to ageassociated changes will also refine long-term studies. Other considerations for refinement of carcinogenesis studies include selection of the most sensitive sex of one or more species for evaluation of selected chemicals in a class where toxic and carcinogenic potential of other representative chemicals are known. Genetically engineered animal models with known oncogenes may reduce the duration and increase the sensitivity of carcinogenesis studies with a reduction in the use of animals. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2197145/ doi: 10.1016/0272-0590(90)90160-l id: cord-318092-errwp80i author: Ren, L. title: Assessment of Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine Safety Profiles: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis date: 2020-05-08 words: 5938.0 sentences: 371.0 pages: flesch: 58.0 cache: ./cache/cord-318092-errwp80i.txt txt: ./txt/cord-318092-errwp80i.txt summary: Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), EMBASE, and the ClinicalTrials.gov for all the RCTs comparing CQ or HCQ with placebo or other active agents, published before March 31, 2020. Our objective was to identify all randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that compared the safety profiles of chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine with placebo or other active agents. This review was not restricted to studies conducted in the English language; it includes reports from any countries that compared CQ or HCQ with placebo or other active agents, since there is a wealth of information in RCTs from many different countries. Together, these stratified data provide ample information regarding the percentage of participants who experienced specific AEs. Subgroup meta-analysis for CQ and HCQ with respect to age, duration, and dosage. For HCQ, there was no evidence that age, duration of trial, or dosage affected total AEs. Further meta-regression analyses can be found in Supplementary Figure 1 . abstract: Background: Recently, chloroquine (CQ) and its derivative hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) have emerged as potential antiviral and immunomodulatory options for the treatment of 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19). To examine the safety profiles of these medications, we systematically evaluated the adverse events (AEs) of these medications from published randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), EMBASE, and the ClinicalTrials.gov for all the RCTs comparing CQ or HCQ with placebo or other active agents, published before March 31, 2020. The random-effects or fixed-effects models were used to pool the risk estimates relative ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for the outcomes. Results: The literature search yielded 23 and 17 studies for CQ and HCQ, respectively, that satisfied our inclusion criteria. Of these studies, we performed meta-analysis on the ones that were placebo-controlled, which included 6 studies for CQ and 14 studies for HCQ. We did not limit our analysis to published reports involving viral treatment alone; data also included the usage of either CQ or HCQ for the treatment of other diseases. The trials for the CQ consisted of a total of 2,137 participants (n=1,077 CQ, n=1,060 placebo), while the trials for HCQ involved 1,096 participants (n=558 HCQ and n=538 placebo). The overall mild or total AEs were statistically higher comparing CQ or HCQ to placebo. The AEs were further categorized into four groups and analyses revealed that neurologic, gastrointestinal, dermatologic, and ophthalmic AEs were higher in participants taking CQ compared to placebo. Although this was not evident in HCQ treated groups, further analyses suggested that there were more AEs attributed to other organ system that were not included in the categorized meta-analyses. Additionally, meta-regression analyses revealed that total AEs was affected by dosage for the CQ group. Conclusions: Taken together, we found that participants taking either CQ or HCQ have more AEs than participants taking placebo. Precautionary measures should be taken when using these drugs to treat COVID-19. url: http://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.05.02.20088872v1?rss=1 doi: 10.1101/2020.05.02.20088872 id: cord-324006-y4bd38zz author: Rishu, Asgar H. title: Time required to initiate outbreak and pandemic observational research()() date: 2017-03-01 words: 2771.0 sentences: 123.0 pages: flesch: 39.0 cache: ./cache/cord-324006-y4bd38zz.txt txt: ./txt/cord-324006-y4bd38zz.txt summary: MATERIALS AND METHODS: At 1 pediatric and 5 adult intensive care units, we measured durations from protocol receipt to a variety of outbreak research milestones, including research ethics board (REB) approval, data sharing agreement (DSA) execution, and patient study screening initiation. Severe acute respiratory syndrome [5] ; pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009-2010 [6] ; and, more recently, Ebola virus [7] , MERS-CoV [8] , and Zika virus have been characterized by challenges initiating observational research and a near inability to rapidly undertake interventional trials necessary to inform best practice and improve care of patients [9] [10] [11] . However, conducting studies and trials involves time-consuming start-up steps such as development of study protocol, establishing a budget and obtaining funding, research ethics board (REB) approval, organizing multisite collaboration, and data sharing agreements. abstract: PURPOSE: Observational research focused upon emerging infectious diseases such as Ebola virus, Middle East respiratory syndrome, and Zika virus has been challenging to quickly initiate. We aimed to determine the duration of start-up procedures and barriers encountered for an observational study focused upon such infectious outbreaks. MATERIALS AND METHODS: At 1 pediatric and 5 adult intensive care units, we measured durations from protocol receipt to a variety of outbreak research milestones, including research ethics board (REB) approval, data sharing agreement (DSA) execution, and patient study screening initiation. RESULTS: The median (interquartile range) time from site receipt of the protocol to REB submission was 73 (30-126) days; to REB approval, 158 (42-188) days; to DSA completion, 276 (186-312) days; and to study screening initiation, 293 (269-391) days. The median time from REB submission to REB approval was 43 (13-85) days. The median time for all start-up procedures was 335 (188-335) days. CONCLUSIONS: There is a lengthy start-up period required for outbreak-focused research. Completing DSAs was the most time-consuming step. A reactive approach to newly emerging threats such as Ebola virus, Middle East respiratory syndrome, and Zika virus will likely not allow sufficient time to initiate research before most outbreaks are advanced. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0883944116302088 doi: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2017.02.009 id: cord-314908-kp2jznwb author: Roczniewska, Marta title: I believe I can craft! introducing Job Crafting Self-Efficacy Scale (JCSES) date: 2020-08-10 words: 9293.0 sentences: 532.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-314908-kp2jznwb.txt txt: ./txt/cord-314908-kp2jznwb.txt summary: To better predict these behaviors, we introduce the concept of job crafting self-efficacy (JCSE) and define it as an individual''s beliefs about their capability to modify the demands and resources of their job to better fit their needs. In this project we integrate Social Cognitive Theory and the Job Demands-Resources model [6, 7] to introduce the concept of job crafting self-efficacy (JCSE). Based on the assumptions of Social Cognitive Theory, we also expect that these specific beliefs predict matching job-crafting behaviors, for example, individuals who feel self-efficacious with respect to increasing challenging job demands are more likely to start new projects or learn about new developments at work and try them out. abstract: Job crafting is beneficial for employees and organizations. To better predict these behaviors, we introduce the concept of job crafting self-efficacy (JCSE) and define it as an individual’s beliefs about their capability to modify the demands and resources of their job to better fit their needs. This article describes the development and validation of a scale to measure JCSE. We conducted a qualitative study to design and four quantitative studies to test the psychometric properties of this scale among Polish and American employees in both paper-and-pencil and online versions. Three independent (N(1) = 364; N(2) = 432; N(3) = 403) confirmatory factor analyses demonstrated a good fit to a 3-factor solution comprising JCSE beliefs about increasing (a) structural job resources, (b) social job resources, and (c) challenging job demands. The 9-item JCSE Scale had good internal consistency, high time stability, and good validity. It correlated positively with general self-efficacy. JCSE explained unique variance in job crafting behaviors over and above general self-efficacy, and was more important in predicting job crafting than contextual factors. We demonstrate the role of social cognitions in shaping job redesign behaviors and provide a useful tool to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions dedicated to empowering JCSE. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32776992/ doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237250 id: cord-274597-a67u1elx author: Röseler, Lukas title: Evidence against subliminal anchoring: Two close, highly powered, preregistered, and failed replication attempts date: 2020-10-16 words: 7390.0 sentences: 448.0 pages: flesch: 59.0 cache: ./cache/cord-274597-a67u1elx.txt txt: ./txt/cord-274597-a67u1elx.txt summary: Apart from anchors and the target question, the only other difference between Mussweiler and Englich''s Studies 1 and 2 was the prime detection task in Study 2, in which participants tried to recognize the subliminally presented anchor. To facilitate a power analysis, we pooled the effect sizes of the original Studies 1 and 2 (which differed only with respect to the target question) and found a mean effect of d = 0.69 (N = 76, 95% CI = [0.23, 1.16] , N min95% = 94) of subliminal anchoring. We defined the replication attempt as successful if both of the following criteria were met: (a) The effect of the subliminal anchors was significantly larger than 0, and (b) the effect was not significantly smaller than the original effect [for the sake of precision, we pooled Mussweiler & Englich''s, 2005 effect sizes from Studies 1 and 2, d = 0.69]. abstract: • The only two published studies on subliminal anchoring report contradictory results. • In two replications of these studies we could not find any evidence for subliminal anchoring. • Replications were as close as possible and high data quality was ensured, for example by introducing new manipulation checks. • Both our studies feature entirely open materials and preregistration of all materials including the analysis scripts. OPEN SCIENCE BADGES: Please grant all three badges, Preregistration, Open Materials, and Open Data. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33100377/ doi: 10.1016/j.jesp.2020.104066 id: cord-011952-mm06uzxx author: Rücker, Gerta title: The statistical importance of a study for a network meta-analysis estimate date: 2020-07-16 words: 6623.0 sentences: 364.0 pages: flesch: 56.0 cache: ./cache/cord-011952-mm06uzxx.txt txt: ./txt/cord-011952-mm06uzxx.txt summary: BACKGROUND: In pairwise meta-analysis, the contribution of each study to the pooled estimate is given by its weight, which is based on the inverse variance of the estimate from that study. For network meta-analysis (NMA), the contribution of direct (and indirect) evidence is easily obtained from the diagonal elements of a hat matrix. For NMA, while several methods exist to obtain the contribution of direct (and indirect) evidence of each comparison to its own NMA estimate, it is far less obvious how to define the contribution, or the importance, of each study to any (other) treatment effect estimate. In this paragraph, we show how our definition of importance was motivated by (but is not limited to) the known concepts of direct and indirect evidence proportions in the context of two-stage meta-analysis with inverse variance weights, still based on the common effect model. abstract: BACKGROUND: In pairwise meta-analysis, the contribution of each study to the pooled estimate is given by its weight, which is based on the inverse variance of the estimate from that study. For network meta-analysis (NMA), the contribution of direct (and indirect) evidence is easily obtained from the diagonal elements of a hat matrix. It is, however, not fully clear how to generalize this to the percentage contribution of each study to a NMA estimate. METHODS: We define the importance of each study for a NMA estimate by the reduction of the estimate’s variance when adding the given study to the others. An equivalent interpretation is the relative loss in precision when the study is left out. Importances are values between 0 and 1. An importance of 1 means that the study is an essential link of the pathway in the network connecting one of the treatments with another. RESULTS: Importances can be defined for two-stage and one-stage NMA. These numbers in general do not add to one and thus cannot be interpreted as ‘percentage contributions’. After briefly discussing other available approaches, we question whether it is possible to obtain unique percentage contributions for NMA. CONCLUSIONS: Importances generalize the concept of weights in pairwise meta-analysis in a natural way. Moreover, they are uniquely defined, easily calculated, and have an intuitive interpretation. We give some real examples for illustration. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7386174/ doi: 10.1186/s12874-020-01075-y id: cord-282063-tkp1tifx author: Saberi, Parya title: Research in the Time of Coronavirus: Continuing Ongoing Studies in the Midst of the COVID-19 Pandemic date: 2020-04-18 words: 1948.0 sentences: 106.0 pages: flesch: 40.0 cache: ./cache/cord-282063-tkp1tifx.txt txt: ./txt/cord-282063-tkp1tifx.txt summary: Some examples of social media to advertise and recruit participants include: social networks (such as Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter), dating apps (Grindr, Scruff, and Jack''d), and online listservs for various medical societies or health conditions. Study assessments can be conducted via online surveys which can be emailed or text messaged to participants. In cases of limited literacy, research staff can read questions to study participants or use survey platforms that include the ability to audio-record questions. Telehealth and texting intervention to improve HIV care engagement, mental health and substance use outcomes in youth living with HIV: a pilot feasibility and acceptability study protocol WYZ: a pilot study protocol for designing and developing a mobile health application for engagement in HIV care and medication adherence in youth and young adults living with HIV Real-Time and Wireless Assessment of Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy With Co-Encapsulated Ingestion Sensor in HIV-Infected Patients: A Pilot Study abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32303924/ doi: 10.1007/s10461-020-02868-4 id: cord-309122-9dfyjpid author: Sato, Akiko title: Reviews on common objectives and evaluation indicators for risk communication activities from 2011 to 2017 date: 2020-08-25 words: 5548.0 sentences: 328.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-309122-9dfyjpid.txt txt: ./txt/cord-309122-9dfyjpid.txt summary: Risk communication should: (i) promote awareness and understanding of the specific issues under consideration during the risk analysis; (ii) promote consistency and transparency in formulating risk management options/recommendations; (iii) provide a sound basis for understanding the risk management decisions proposed; (iv) improve the overall effectiveness and efficiency of the risk analysis; (v) strengthen the working relationships among participants; (vi) foster public understanding of the process, so as to enhance trust and confidence in the safety of the food supply; (vii) promote the appropriate involvement of all interested parties ; and (viii) exchange information in relation to the concerns of interested parties about the risks associated with food. The authors of this study identified ''''knowledge increase,'''' ''''change in risk perception and concern alleviation,'''' and ''''decision making and behavior change'''' as areas of focus in all fields; these objectives are also discussed in the definitions and purposes of most organizations and agencies (Fig. 2, Table 1 ). abstract: BACKGROUND: Risk communication is widely accepted as a significant factor for policy makers, academic researchers, and practitioners in diverse fields. However, there remains a lack of comprehensive knowledge about how risk communication is currently conducted across fields and about the way risk communication is evaluated. METHODOLOGY: This study systematically searched for materials from three scholarly search engines and one journal with a single search term of “risk communication.” The eligibility assessment selected peer-reviewed articles published in English that evaluated risk communication activities. Emphasis was placed on articles published in recent years accounting for about half of the pre-selected ones. Data on field of study, intervention timing, target audience, communication type, and objectives/evaluation indicators was extracted from the articles. Patterns of objectives/evaluation indicators used in risk communication activities were compared with those of the definitions and purposes of risk communication stated by relevant organizations. Association analysis was conducted based on study fields and objectives/evaluation indicators. RESULTS: The screening process yielded 292 articles that were published between 2011 and 2017 in various fields, such as medicine, food safety, chemical substances, and disasters/emergencies. The review process showed that many activities were performed in the medical field, during non-/pre-crisis periods. Recent activities primarily targeted citizens/Non-Profit Organizations (NPOs), and was disseminated in the form of large group or mass communication. While “knowledge increase,” “change in risk perception and concern alleviation,” and “decision making and behavior change” were commonly addressed in practice, “trust-building” and “reduction in psychological distress” were rarely focused. The analysis also indicated that the medical field tends to perform risk communication at the individual or small group level, in contrast to the food safety field. Further, risk communications in the non-/pre-crisis period are more likely to aim at “changes in risk perception and concern alleviation” than those in the crisis period. Risk communications that aim at “changes in risk perception and concern alleviation” are likely to be presented in a large group or mass communication, whereas those that aim at “decision making and behavior change” are likely to be conducted at the individual or small group level. CONCLUSION: An overview of recent activities may provide those who engage in risk communication with an opportunity to learn from practices in different fields or those conducted in different intervention timings. Devoting greater attention to trust building and reduction in psychological distress and exploring non-citizen/NPO stakeholders’ needs would be beneficial across academic and professional disciplines. url: https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9730 doi: 10.7717/peerj.9730 id: cord-262780-ilu5oskk author: Sattui, Sebastian E. title: Swinging the pendulum: lessons learned from public discourse concerning hydroxychloroquine and COVID-19 date: 2020-08-11 words: 4653.0 sentences: 251.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-262780-ilu5oskk.txt txt: ./txt/cord-262780-ilu5oskk.txt summary: The use of chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) for COVID-19 exemplifies the risks of both overinterpreting and amplifying preliminary data by those outside of the scientific community and was followed by swift corrective measures by researchers. By early March, interest in HCQ abruptly transitioned from mechanistic plausibility that would support its study in a clinical trial setting to rapid off-label use in patients with COVID-19, primarily fueled by promotion on social media, lay press, and celebrity influence [8] . By late March, two new studies became publicly available: a second study from the group of IHU-Méditerranée Infection using HCQ and AZM in 80 patients with mild COVID-19 infection released on their webpage, and a preprint of the first randomized controlled trial of 62 patients from Wuhan reporting a difference in clinical time to recovery and radiologic findings with HCQ treatment [22, 23] . abstract: INTRODUCTION: Several months into the COVID-19 pandemic, safe and effective treatments against this global health disaster have yet to be identified. Clinical research trials around the world are underway testing a wide array of possible medications. In particular, the off-label use of hydroxychloroquine for COVID-19 prophylaxis and treatment has created many unprecedented challenges for the scientific community and the public. AREAS COVERED: We critically assessed major events from February – May 2020 that contributed to widespread use of hydroxychloroquine for the treatment and prophylaxis of COVID-19. We aimed to explore how opinions toward hydroxychloroquine may shift from early enthusiasm (based on in vitro and preliminary clinical data) to the hope for a miracle cure (through communication and promotion of questionable results) and, finally, to a rise of skepticism as more in-depth analyses are emerging. EXPERT OPINION: Mindful and rigorous acquisition of data, as well as its interpretation, are essential to an effective pandemic response. The rapid and premature promotion of results has had major implications for global crisis management, even creating distrust among the public. It is crucial for the medical and scientific community to incorporate the lessons learned from this situation. url: https://doi.org/10.1080/1744666x.2020.1792778 doi: 10.1080/1744666x.2020.1792778 id: cord-004636-t6qldq3s author: Saugel, Bernd title: Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing end of year summary 2019: hemodynamic monitoring and management date: 2020-03-14 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7080677/ doi: 10.1007/s10877-020-00496-w id: cord-303300-89v1weno author: Sauter, Marian title: Building, Hosting and Recruiting: A Brief Introduction to Running Behavioral Experiments Online date: 2020-04-24 words: 5293.0 sentences: 304.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-303300-89v1weno.txt txt: ./txt/cord-303300-89v1weno.txt summary: The critical procedural pillars of any behavioral study are: (1) programming an experiment in the preferred software (e.g., E-prime, PsychoPy, PsychToolbox, etc.); (2) setting-up the testing machine (e.g., lab-computer, multi-unit testing facility, etc.) and (3) recruiting participants to conduct the study. In comparison to the hegemony of Java, Python, C++ and MATLAB libraries for experimental programming of lab-based studies, Javascript (JS) is the language of choice for online experiments. In comparison to the hegemony of Java, Python, C++ and MATLAB libraries for experimental programming of lab-based studies, Javascript (JS) is the language of choice for online experiments. Generally speaking, what researchers need for online experimentation is the same as what they need for lab-based studies (Figure 1) : (1) a programmed experiment, (2) a server to host the study and (3) a recruiting platform which advertises to participants. The Timing Mega-Study: Comparing a Range of Experiment Generators, Both Lab-Based and Online abstract: Researchers have ample reasons to take their experimental studies out of the lab and into the online wilderness. For some, it is out of necessity, due to an unforeseen laboratory closure or difficulties in recruiting on-site participants. Others want to benefit from the large and diverse online population. However, the transition from in-lab to online data acquisition is not trivial and might seem overwhelming at first. To facilitate this transition, we present an overview of actively maintained solutions for the critical components of successful online data acquisition: creating, hosting and recruiting. Our aim is to provide a brief introductory resource and discuss important considerations for researchers who are taking their first steps towards online experimentation. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10040251 doi: 10.3390/brainsci10040251 id: cord-356116-c40e3zp7 author: Savory, Eric title: Western Cold and Flu (WeCoF) aerosol study – preliminary results date: 2014-08-23 words: 5736.0 sentences: 246.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-356116-c40e3zp7.txt txt: ./txt/cord-356116-c40e3zp7.txt summary: FINDINGS: A novel experimental cough chamber facility – the FLUGIE – has been developed to study the far-field aerodynamics and aerosol transport of droplets produced by the coughs from humans naturally-infected with influenza. The novelty of the current collaborative research projectthe Western Cold and Flu (WeCoF) aerosol studylies in the fact that the fluid dynamics of the jet aerosols produced by a minimally-confined cough is being examined concurrently with the biological processes associated with virus droplet formation and transmission, using human subjects when they are naturally infected by influenza virus and, again, when they return to health. A novel experimental facilitythe FLUGIEhas been designed to study the far-field aerodynamics of human coughs produced by subjects naturally-infected with respiratory viruses, together with measurement of the viral content of the droplets produced by those coughs, in order to quantify the factors relating to person-toperson airborne transmission of virus. abstract: BACKGROUND: Influenza virus is responsible for annual deaths due to seasonal epidemics and is the cause of major pandemics which have claimed millions of human lives over the last century. Knowledge about respiratory virus transmission is advancing. Spread is likely through the air, but much work remains to be done to characterize the aerosols produced by infected individuals, including viral particle survival and infectivity. Although coughs have been characterized, little work has been done to examine coughs from infected individuals. The WeCoF project aims at providing evidence to support prevention measures to mitigate person-to-person influenza transmission in critical locations, such as hospitals, and during pandemics. FINDINGS: A novel experimental cough chamber facility – the FLUGIE – has been developed to study the far-field aerodynamics and aerosol transport of droplets produced by the coughs from humans naturally-infected with influenza. The flow field of each cough is measured using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). A preliminary study involving 12 healthy individuals has been carried out in order to quantify the strengths of their coughs at a distance of 1 m from the mouth. The spatially averaged maximum velocity was determined and the average value was 0.41 m/s across 27 coughs of good data quality. The peak value of velocity was also extracted and compared with the average velocity. CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary results show that there is significant air motion associated with a cough (on the order of 0.5 m/s) as far away as 1 m from the mouth of the healthy person who coughs. The results from this pilot study provide the framework for a more extensive participant recruitment campaign that will encompass a statistically-significant cohort. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25148847/ doi: 10.1186/1756-0500-7-563 id: cord-262442-kjgpriow author: Scalia, Santo title: Quercetin solid lipid microparticles: A flavonoid for inhalation lung delivery date: 2013-05-13 words: 5525.0 sentences: 310.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-262442-kjgpriow.txt txt: ./txt/cord-262442-kjgpriow.txt summary: The quercetin SLMs were characterised for morphology, drug loading (15.5% ± 0.6, which corresponded to an encapsulation efficiency of 71.4%), particle size distribution, response to humidity, crystallinity, thermal behaviour and in vitro respirable fraction. Furthermore, the toxicity and the in vitro transport of the SLMs on an air liquid interface model of the Calu-3 cell line were also investigated using a modified twin-stage impinger apparatus. RESULTS: Results showed that quercetin SLMs could be formulated as dry powder suitable for inhalation drug delivery (20.5 ± 3.3% fine particle fraction ⩽4.46 μm) that was absorbed, via a linear kinetic model across the Calu-3 monolayer (22.32 ± 1.51% over 4 h). A modified in vitro aerosol testing apparatus (twin stage impinger TSI, Radleys, Essex, UK) that allows the attachment of a Transwell containing Calu-3 epithelial cells was used to study the mechanis m of drug deposition, dissolution and diffusion/transp ort (Haghi et al., 2010 (Haghi et al., , 2012 . abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of the present work was to develop solid lipid microparticles (SLMs), as dry powders containing quercetin for direct administration to the lung. METHODS: Quercetin microparticles were prepared by o/w emulsification via a phase inversion technique, using tristearin as the lipid component and phosphatidylcholine as an emulsifier. The quercetin SLMs were characterised for morphology, drug loading (15.5% ± 0.6, which corresponded to an encapsulation efficiency of 71.4%), particle size distribution, response to humidity, crystallinity, thermal behaviour and in vitro respirable fraction. Furthermore, the toxicity and the in vitro transport of the SLMs on an air liquid interface model of the Calu-3 cell line were also investigated using a modified twin-stage impinger apparatus. RESULTS: Results showed that quercetin SLMs could be formulated as dry powder suitable for inhalation drug delivery (20.5 ± 3.3% fine particle fraction ⩽4.46 μm) that was absorbed, via a linear kinetic model across the Calu-3 monolayer (22.32 ± 1.51% over 4 h). In addition, quercetin SLMs were shown to be non-toxic at the concentrations investigated. Interestingly, no apical to basolateral transport of the micronised quercetin was observed over the period of study. CONCLUSIONS: These observations suggest quercetin diffusion was enhanced by the presence of the lipid/emulsifying excipients in the SLMs; however further studies are necessary to elucidate the exact mechanisms. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23541500/ doi: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.03.009 id: cord-271573-qsr3ka5p author: Schafer, Austin title: Telemedicine in Pediatric Otolaryngology: Ready for Prime Time? date: 2020-09-24 words: 3804.0 sentences: 207.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-271573-qsr3ka5p.txt txt: ./txt/cord-271573-qsr3ka5p.txt summary: In a 2008 study, Smith and colleagues 5 attempted to determine concordance between pediatric otolaryngology diagnoses and surgical management plans made via a live videoconference and a subsequent, in-office consultation. 11, 12, 14 More recently, Gupta and colleagues 7 published a study in 2020 that examined the feasibility of equipping trained health workers with a store and forward telemedicine device to triage underserved otology patients in India. While much of the literature focuses on store and forward telemedicine in the context of providing care to remote or underserved populations, its benefits should be considered by all ENT practices during the COVID-19 era, as advances in technology have improved its cost effectiveness and convenience. Both of these studies indicate that smartphone otoscopy can be performed by parents; however, the diagnostic reliability of the captured media must improve for this technology to be widely implemented. abstract: The purpose of this paper is to explore the current literature on telemedicine in otolaryngology, focusing on the potential for telemedicine in the field and the major modalities available. Ultimately, the goal is to summarize telemedicine implementation in otolaryngology during the COVID-19 pandemic and potential long term applications. This paper analyzes a variety of studies that have evaluated the efficacy of different telemedicine approaches in otolaryngology, with commentary on what these results mean for the potential of telemedicine during the COVID-19 pandemic. Otolaryngology is well-suited for telemedicine, and this technology is viewed favorably by both patients and physicians. However, its application cannot be generalized to such a wide-ranging specialty. Furthermore, store and forward technology, which has been traditionally used to provide care to remote and underserved populations, and synchronous technology both have the potential to limit unnecessary in-person visits—ultimately keeping both patients and providers safe as social distancing continues. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S0165587620305425 doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2020.110399 id: cord-340128-qxkopvot author: Schreibauer, Elena Christina title: Work-Related Psychosocial Stress in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: An Integrative Review date: 2020-10-13 words: 6974.0 sentences: 397.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-340128-qxkopvot.txt txt: ./txt/cord-340128-qxkopvot.txt summary: Conclusions: This review underlines the need for more and better quality research of psychosocial factors in SMEs, particularly in relation to ongoing and new challenges in the workplace, including stressors related to the process of digitalization or the development of safe working conditions during the emerge of new infectious diseases. The reviews did, however, not specifically focus on the situation of employers and employees working in SMEs. Furthermore, the Joint German Occupational Safety and Health Strategy (GDA) published recommendations for implementing psychosocial risk assessments listing five work patterns (i.e., work characteristics) that have been identified as primary stress factors in the workplace [39] : To the best of our knowledge, this review is the first to summarize and categorize the current evidence on work-related psychosocial demands with a specific focus on small and medium sized enterprises to identify gaps in current knowledge and provide a systematic overview of which psychosocial factors, outcomes and economic sectors have been considered to date. abstract: Background: Work-related psychosocial stress can cause mental and physical illnesses resulting in high costs for the individual, the economy and society. Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) employ the majority of the world’s workforce and often have fewer financial and human resources compared to larger businesses. The aim of this review is to summarize current knowledge on work-related stress in SMEs according to well-established guidelines categorizing psychosocial factors at work. Methods: A systematic database search was carried out in PubMed, PsycINFO, PSYNDEX and Business Source Premiere from March to June 2019, updated in January 2020. Data of included studies were analyzed and mapped into five themes: “work content and task”, “organization of work”, “social relations”, “working environment” and “new forms of work”. Results: After full-text screening, 45 out of 116 studies were included for data extraction. Studies were very heterogeneous and of varying quality, mostly applying a cross-sectional study design. Psychosocial factors in SMEs have been researched with a focus on the work patterns “work organization” and “work content and task”. Conclusions: This review underlines the need for more and better quality research of psychosocial factors in SMEs, particularly in relation to ongoing and new challenges in the workplace, including stressors related to the process of digitalization or the development of safe working conditions during the emerge of new infectious diseases. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33066111/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17207446 id: cord-269373-d5xam4kb author: Schumacher, J. title: The impact of respiratory protective equipment on difficult airway management: a randomised, crossover, simulation study date: 2020-05-28 words: 1386.0 sentences: 89.0 pages: flesch: 39.0 cache: ./cache/cord-269373-d5xam4kb.txt txt: ./txt/cord-269373-d5xam4kb.txt summary: title: The impact of respiratory protective equipment on difficult airway management: a randomised, crossover, simulation study Airway management in critically ill patients contaminated with chemical, biological radiological or nuclear substances requires personal protective equipment (PPE) [1, 2] . This is the first study comparing the impact of modern powered respirators and standard respirators on simulated difficult airway procedures. The primary outcome measure of this study was as the difference in intubation times for various airway management procedures, with wearer comfort a secondary outcome. Airway management times of the Airtraq group, the videolaryngoscopy and the fibreoptic intubation Anaesthetists rated their personal sensation of heat buildup and perceived vision significantly higher in the powered respirator group; however, noise levels scored significantly lower compared to the standard respirator group (Table 2 ). A randomised crossover simulation study comparing the impact of chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear substance personal protection equipment on the performance of advanced life support interventions abstract: The current international COVID‐19 health crisis underlines the importance of adequate and suitable personal protective equipment for clinical staff during acute airway management. This study compares the impacts of standard air‐purifying respirators and powered air‐purifying respirators during simulated difficult airway scenarios. Twenty‐five anaesthetists carried out four different standardised difficult intubation drills, either unprotected (control), or wearing a standard or a powered respirator. Treatment times and wearer comfort were determined and compared. In the wearer comfort evaluation form, operators rated mobility, noise, heat, vision and speech intelligibility. All anaesthetists accomplished the treatment objectives of all study arms without adverse events. Total mean (SD) intubation times for the four interventions did not show significant differences between the powered and the standard respirator groups, being 16.4 (8.6) vs. 19.2 (5.2) seconds with the Airtraq™; 11.4 (3.4) vs. 10.0 (2.1) seconds with the videolaryngoscope; 39.2 (4.5) vs. 40.1 (4.8) seconds with the fibreoptic bronchoscope scope; and 15.4 (5.7) vs. 15.1 (5.0) seconds for standard tracheal intubation by direct laryngoscopy, respectively. Videolaryngoscopy allowed the shortest intubation times regardless of the respiratory protective device used. Anaesthetists rated heat and vision significantly higher in the powered respirator group; however, noise levels were perceived to be significantly lower than in the standard respirator group. We conclude that standard and powered respirators do not significantly prolong simulated advanced intubation procedures. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32335900/ doi: 10.1111/anae.15102 id: cord-344902-bittqpyo author: Scott, Jennifer title: A systematic review of the physical activity levels of acutely ill older adults in Hospital At Home settings: an under-researched field date: 2020-10-15 words: 4905.0 sentences: 224.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-344902-bittqpyo.txt txt: ./txt/cord-344902-bittqpyo.txt summary: title: A systematic review of the physical activity levels of acutely ill older adults in Hospital At Home settings: an under-researched field PURPOSE: The purpose of this review was to identify, evaluate and synthesise existing evidence reporting the physical activity levels of acutely ill older patients in a ''Hospital At Home'' setting and compare this to patients with similar characteristics treated in a traditional hospital inpatient setting. CONCLUSION: There is a lack of published research on the physical activity levels of acutely-ill older adults in Hospital at Home settings. The aim of this review was to identify, evaluate and synthesise the evidence on the physical activity levels of acutely ill older patients undergoing treatment in an HaH vs inpatient setting. This review has provided an indication of the baseline activity levels of inpatients suitable for a Hospital at Home service, however primary objective research is needed in this treatment setting. abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this review was to identify, evaluate and synthesise existing evidence reporting the physical activity levels of acutely ill older patients in a ‘Hospital At Home’ setting and compare this to patients with similar characteristics treated in a traditional hospital inpatient setting. Functional changes and any adverse outcomes due to physical activity (e.g. falls) in both settings where PA was reported or recorded were also evaluated as secondary outcomes. METHODS: A search strategy was devised for the MEDLINE, CINAHL, AMed, PEDRO, OT Seeker and Cochrane databases. Search results were title, abstract and full-text reviewed by two independent researchers. Data were extracted from included articles using a custom form and assessed for quality and risk of bias using the Appraisal Tool for Cross-Sectional Studies. RESULTS: No studies set in the Hospital at Home environments were identified. 16 hospital inpatient studies met the criteria for inclusion. Older patients managed in inpatient settings that would be eligible for Hospital at Home services spent 6.6% of their day active and undertook only 881.8 daily steps. Functional change was reported in four studies with both improvement and decline during admission reported. CONCLUSION: There is a lack of published research on the physical activity levels of acutely-ill older adults in Hospital at Home settings. This review has identified a baseline level of activity for older acutely ill patients that would be suitable for Hospital at Home treatment. This data could be used as a basis of comparison in future hospital at home studies, which should also include functional change outcomes to further explore the relationship between physical inactivity and functional decline. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1007/s41999-020-00414-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41999-020-00414-y doi: 10.1007/s41999-020-00414-y id: cord-338741-gy3ovkrt author: Sethi, Atin title: Evaluation of Current Therapies for COVID-19 Treatment date: 2020-07-22 words: 5580.0 sentences: 333.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-338741-gy3ovkrt.txt txt: ./txt/cord-338741-gy3ovkrt.txt summary: No survival benefit for those not requiring respiratory support [22] Convalescent plasma n = 10 severely ill patients Treatment: 200 mL IV In all 10 patients, fever, cough, shortness of breath, and chest pain disappeared or largely improved within 1-3 days of therapy initiation [23] In vitro study determining the activity of convalescent plasma from a recovered SARS-1 patient against SARS-CoV-2 Although the focus of this study was not to explore the efficacy of hydroxychloroquine/azithromycin, it outlines the importance of appropriate risk-benefit analysis while treating patients with COVID-19. This randomized control trial [10] of 199 patients explored the efficacy of lopinavir-ritonavir in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with relatively mild respiratory illness. Efficacy of hydroxychloroquine in patients with COVID-19: Results of a randomized clinical trial Clinical and microbiological effect of a combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin in 80 COVID-19 patients with at least a six-day follow up: A pilot observational study abstract: The virus SARS-CoV-2, the etiological agent of COVID-19, is responsible for more than 400,000 deaths worldwide as of 10 June 2020. As a result of its recent appearance (December 2019), an efficacious treatment is not yet available. Although considered a lung infection since its emergence, COVID-19 is now causing multiple organ failure, requiring a continuous adjustment in the procedures. In this review, we summarize the current literature surrounding unproven therapies for COVID-19. Analyses of the clinical trials were grouped as chemotherapy, serotherapy, anticoagulant, and the use of human recombinant soluble ACE2 therapies. We conclude that, while no agent has hit the threshold for quality of evidence to demonstrate efficacy and safety, preliminary data show potential benefits. Moreover, there is a possibility for harm with these unproven therapies, and the decision to treat should be based on a comprehensive risk–benefit analysis. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32707942/ doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8081097 id: cord-103522-94zqk6lu author: Shah, S. G. S. title: Are digital technology interventions effective to reduce loneliness in older adults? A systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2020-09-01 words: 6393.0 sentences: 482.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-103522-94zqk6lu.txt txt: ./txt/cord-103522-94zqk6lu.txt summary: For data collection, we used a priori data extraction template (Tables 1-2) , which comprised a number of columns: Author(s), year and country of study; study aim/objectives; research design; settings; participants'' characteristics (age, gender and ethnicity); health/medical condition; sampling method and size; participant attrition (numbers / %), research method(s) / data collection tool(s); intervention(s) (e.g. type/tool of digital technology), comparator(s).(e.g. alternative intervention, placebo or care as usual), intervention duration (weeks / months),.measurement stages (e.g. baseline and follow-up -weeks/months after the baseline), outcomes/results/findings (e.g. loneliness scores (including statistics e.g. mean values, standard deviations, standard errors and confidence intervals) and authors'' conclusion(s) (34) . The effectiveness of social robots for older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies Effectiveness of digital technology interventions to reduce loneliness in adults: a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis The effectiveness of digital technology interventions to reduce loneliness in adult people: a systematic review and meta-analysis abstract: Objective: To review the latest literature on the effectiveness of DTIs in reducing loneliness in (older) adults. Data Sources: Electronic searches in PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE and Web of Science covering publication period from 1 January 2010 to 31 July 2019. Subjects: Adult men and women Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis Main Outcome Measure: Loneliness. Study Selection: Primary studies that used DTIs for tackling loneliness in adults (aged [≥]18 years) with follow-up measurements at least three months or more and publication in the English language. Data Extraction and Synthesis: Two researchers independently screened articles and extracted data on several variables: participants, interventions, comparators and outcomes. Data was extracted on the primary outcome i.e. loneliness measured at the baseline and follow-up measurements at three, four, six and twelve months after the intervention. Results: Six studies were selected from 4939 articles screened. Selected studies included 5 clinical trials (4 RCTs and 1 quasi experimental study) and one before and after study, which enrolled 646 participants (men =154 (24%), women =427 (66%), no gender information =65 (10%) with average age between 73 and 78 years (SD 6-11). Five clinical trials were included in the meta-analysis and standardised mean differences (SMD) were calculated for each trial and pooled across studies using a random effects model. The overall effect estimates were not statistically significant in follow-up measurements at three months (SMD= 0.02, 95% CI= -0.36, 0.40; P=0.92), four months (SMDs= -1.11, 95% CI= -2.60, 0.38; P=0.14) and six months (SMD= -0.11, 95% CI= -0.54, 0.32; P=0.61). The quality of evidence was very low to moderate in these trials. Conclusions: There is insufficient evidence to make conclusions that DTIs are effective in reducing loneliness in older adults. Future research may consider RCTs with larger sample sizes and longer duration of interventions and follow-up. url: http://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.08.27.20183012v1?rss=1 doi: 10.1101/2020.08.27.20183012 id: cord-338332-msjtncek author: Sharifian, Neika title: Social Relationships and Adaptation in Later Life date: 2020-09-18 words: 17284.0 sentences: 674.0 pages: flesch: 38.0 cache: ./cache/cord-338332-msjtncek.txt txt: ./txt/cord-338332-msjtncek.txt summary: While the convoy model provides a heuristic framework within which to understand the causes and consequences of social relations over the life course, SST focuses on the individual''s time perspective and what motivates social interactions while the SAVI model specifies a common strategy among older adults used to maintain high levels of well-being through emotion regulation and avoidance of conflict. An examination of the influence of early parental relationship quality on cognitive health outcomes by Sharifian and colleagues revealed that respondents from a nationally representative U.S. sample of older adults who reported higher retrospective maternal relationship quality showed less decline in episodic memory over time through reduced loneliness and depressive symptoms. Indeed, prior cross-sectional research in a nationally representative sample of American older adults has shown that the use of social technologies in later life was associated with better psychological and physical health outcomes, and these associations were mediated by lower levels of loneliness (Chopik, 2016) . abstract: Social relations encompass a complex and dynamic set of characteristics that have been shown to distinctly affect health and quality of life across the lifespan and especially in older adulthood. In this chapter we begin with a brief review of several prominent theories of social relations. Next, we consider how social relations can be understood based on the resource they provide (e.g., contact frequency, social support), the relationship they stem from (e.g., friends, family), the strength of the tie (e.g., strong, weak) as well as the means of communication (e.g., offline, online). We briefly summarize how these characteristics have been shown to uniquely influence health and quality of life in older adulthood. Finally, we contemplate potential clinical applications, provide recommendations for the future and offer final concluding comments. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128186978000169 doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-818697-8.00016-9 id: cord-307202-iz1bo218 author: Shaw, Dominick title: Asthma date: 2014-05-02 words: 19168.0 sentences: 831.0 pages: flesch: 37.0 cache: ./cache/cord-307202-iz1bo218.txt txt: ./txt/cord-307202-iz1bo218.txt summary: Current asthma management involves a step-up and step-down approach based on asthma control with a large degree of heterogeneity in responses to the main drug classes currently in use: β(2)-adrenergic receptor agonists, corticosteroids, and leukotriene modifiers. Human studies have identified elevated numbers of cells expressing IL13 mRNA in the bronchial tissue of atopic and nonatopic asthmatic subjects [50] ; administration of recombinant IL13 in mouse lungs resulted in an increase in airway mucus secretion, development of subepithelial fibrosis, airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR), and eosinophilic airway inflammation-that is, several key features of the human disease [51] . While methods of stratifying asthma patients to specific treatments based on nongenetic factors such as clinical outcomes, cellular measures, or protein biomarkers have shown some success, a large body of work has investigated the potential of genetic markers as predictors of patient responses to existing therapies, i.e., pharmacogenetics. abstract: Asthma is a common respiratory disease with a complex etiology involving a combination of genetic and environmental components. Current asthma management involves a step-up and step-down approach based on asthma control with a large degree of heterogeneity in responses to the main drug classes currently in use: β(2)-adrenergic receptor agonists, corticosteroids, and leukotriene modifiers. Importantly, asthma is heterogeneous with respect to clinical presentation and the inflammatory mechanisms that underlie it. This heterogeneity likely contributes to variable results in clinical trials, particularly when targeting specific inflammatory mediators. These factors have motivated a drive toward stratified medicine in asthma based on clinical/cellular outcomes or genetics (i.e., pharmacogenetics). Significant progress has been made in identifying genetic polymorphisms that influence the efficacy and potential for adverse effects of all main classes of asthma drugs. Importantly an emerging role for genetics in phase II development of newer therapies has been demonstrated (e.g., anti-IL4). Similarly, the stratification of patients based on clinical characteristics (e.g., blood and sputum eosinophil levels) has been critical in evaluating newer therapies (e.g., anti-IL5). As a proof of concept, anti-IgE is the latest therapy to be introduced into clinical practice, although only for severe, allergic patients (i.e., in a stratified manner). As new asthma genes are identified using genome-wide association, among other technologies, new targets (e.g., IL33/IL33 receptor (IL1RL1)) will emerge and pharmacogenetics in these development programs will be essential. In this chapter we review the current understanding of asthma pathobiology and its clinical presentation, as well as the use of stratified medicine, which holds great promise for maximizing clinical outcomes and minimizing adverse effects in existing and new therapies. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123868824000281 doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-386882-4.00028-1 id: cord-276327-wyevh4xv author: Sheng, Calvin C title: Canakinumab to reduce deterioration of cardiac and respiratory function in SARS‐CoV‐2 associated myocardial injury with heightened inflammation (canakinumab in Covid‐19 cardiac injury: The three C study) date: 2020-08-24 words: 3239.0 sentences: 192.0 pages: flesch: 37.0 cache: ./cache/cord-276327-wyevh4xv.txt txt: ./txt/cord-276327-wyevh4xv.txt summary: We designed a proof‐of‐concept randomized controlled trial to evaluate whether treatment with canakinumab prevents progressive respiratory failure and worsening cardiac dysfunction in patients with SARS‐CoV2 infection, myocardial injury, and high levels of inflammation. The three C Study is a prospective, IRB approved, blinded randomized-controlled Phase II study designed to evaluate whether treatment with canakinumab prevents progressive heart and respiratory failure in patients with Covid-19 associated myocardial injury and increased inflammation. This blinded randomized controlled trial is designed as a proof of concept study to demonstrate whether IL-1β antagonism can dampen the deleterious autoinflammatory response to SARS-CoV2 infection in patients with myocardial injury and heightened inflammation. In evaluating this hypothesis, the Three C study will help inform whether targeting inappropriate activation of the innate immune system should be investigated in larger clinical trials to improve survival in patients with Covid-19 and myocardial injury. abstract: BACKGROUND: In patients with Covid‐19, myocardial injury and increased inflammation are associated with morbidity and mortality. We designed a proof‐of‐concept randomized controlled trial to evaluate whether treatment with canakinumab prevents progressive respiratory failure and worsening cardiac dysfunction in patients with SARS‐CoV2 infection, myocardial injury, and high levels of inflammation. HYPOTHESIS: The primary hypothesis is that canakiumab will shorten time to recovery. METHODS: The three C study (canakinumab in Covid‐19 Cardiac Injury, NCT04365153) is a double‐blind, randomized controlled trial comparing canakinumab 300 mg IV, 600 mg IV, or placebo in a 1:1:1 ratio in hospitalized Covid‐19 patients with elevations in troponin and C‐reactive protein (CRP). The primary endpoint is defined as the time in days from randomization to either an improvement of two points on a seven category ordinal scale or discharge from the hospital, whichever occurs first up to 14 days postrandomization. The secondary endpoint is mortality at day 28. A total of 45 patients will be enrolled with an anticipated 5 month follow up period. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics for the first 20 randomized patients reveal a predominantly male (75%), elderly population (median 67 years) with a high prevalence of hypertension (80%) and hyperlipidemia (75%). CRPs have been markedly elevated (median 16.2 mg/dL) with modest elevations in high‐sensitivity troponin T (median 21 ng/L), in keeping with the concept of enrolling patients with early myocardial injury. CONCLUSIONS: The three C study will provide insights regarding whether IL‐1β inhibition may improve outcomes in patients with SARS‐CoV2 associated myocardial injury and increased inflammation. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32830894/ doi: 10.1002/clc.23451 id: cord-286527-e795m6tk author: Sheskin, Mark title: Online Developmental Science to Foster Innovation, Access, and Impact date: 2020-07-02 words: 2362.0 sentences: 104.0 pages: flesch: 37.0 cache: ./cache/cord-286527-e795m6tk.txt txt: ./txt/cord-286527-e795m6tk.txt summary: We propose that developmental cognitive science should invest in an online CRADLE, a Collaboration for Reproducible and Distributed Large-Scale Experiments that crowdsources data from families participating on the internet. We propose that developmental cognitive science should invest in an online CRADLE, a Collaboration for Reproducible and Distributed Large-Scale Experiments that crowdsources data from families participating on the internet. However, our suggestion for an online CRADLE goes beyond the sum of these projects: we envision a shared infrastructure for recruitment, experiment implementation, data collection, and data sharing; families find and participate in studies across developmental science, and researchers coordinate as members of a ''superlab,'' in some ways similar to the Psychological Science Accelerator [10] . Large data sets will be crucial to support neighboring disciplines that build on insights from developmental science, including early childhood education, the study of developmental disorders and interventions, and computational models of typical cognitive development, including artificial intelligence (AI) research, which is increasingly interested in reverseengineering the ways in which infants and young children learn and think to build more human-like machine intelligence that can live better in our human world. abstract: We propose that developmental cognitive science should invest in an online CRADLE, a Collaboration for Reproducible and Distributed Large-Scale Experiments that crowdsources data from families participating on the internet. Here, we discuss how the field can work together to further expand and unify current prototypes for the benefit of researchers, science, and society. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S1364661320301455 doi: 10.1016/j.tics.2020.06.004 id: cord-307038-c58mzcu9 author: Shukla, Nagesh title: A Review of Models Used for Investigating Barriers to Healthcare Access in Australia date: 2020-06-08 words: 8790.0 sentences: 427.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-307038-c58mzcu9.txt txt: ./txt/cord-307038-c58mzcu9.txt summary: This review study is an attempt to understand the various modeling approaches used by researchers to analyze diverse barriers related to specific disease types and the various areal distributions in the country. The study introduced a multilevel approach to assess area-level variation in colorectal cancer survival due to causative factors (disease stage, comorbidity, patient characteristics and healthcare access) and analyze their individual contribution to survival. Most of the studies used the line-of-sight method to measure distances to dental care instead of determining travel time as they focused on metropolitan regions with a focus on using geospatial tools to identify accessibility [13, 16] . Current research practice is lacking in various domains ranging from spatial accessibility techniques to the consideration of patient characteristics and the analysis of different disease types as well as studies concerning only rural/remote areas. abstract: Understanding barriers to healthcare access is a multifaceted challenge, which is often highly diverse depending on location and the prevalent surroundings. The barriers can range from transport accessibility to socio-economic conditions, ethnicity and various patient characteristics. Australia has one of the best healthcare systems in the world; however, there are several concerns surrounding its accessibility, primarily due to the vast geographical area it encompasses. This review study is an attempt to understand the various modeling approaches used by researchers to analyze diverse barriers related to specific disease types and the various areal distributions in the country. In terms of barriers, the most affected people are those living in rural and remote parts, and the situation is even worse for indigenous people. These models have mostly focused on the use of statistical models and spatial modeling. The review reveals that most of the focus has been on cancer-related studies and understanding accessibility among the rural and urban population. Future work should focus on further categorizing the population based on indigeneity, migration status and the use of advanced computational models. This article should not be considered an exhaustive review of every aspect as each section deserves a separate review of its own. However, it highlights all the key points, covered under several facets which can be used by researchers and policymakers to understand the current limitations and the steps that need to be taken to improve health accessibility. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32521710/ doi: 10.3390/ijerph17114087 id: cord-341745-2txzi7kb author: Singh, S. title: Efficacy and Safety of Hydroxychloroquine and Chloroquine for COVID-19: A systematic review date: 2020-05-26 words: 4771.0 sentences: 346.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-341745-2txzi7kb.txt txt: ./txt/cord-341745-2txzi7kb.txt summary: RESULTS: After a review of 175 citations, we included 5 clinical trials (total of 345 patients), 9 observational studies (n = 2529), and 6 additional studies (n = 775) reporting on the QT interval. CONCLUSIONS: Our systematic review of reported clinical studies did not identify substantial evidence to support the efficacy of hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and raises questions about potential harm from QT prolongation and increased mortality. Our systematic review of reported clinical studies did not identify substantial evidence to support the efficacy of hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine in hospitalized COVID -19 patients and raises questions about potential harm from QT prolongation and increased mortality. We included both published and unpublished clinical trials and observational studies that reported on chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine use either as a single drug or in combination with azithromycin to treat patients hospitalized patients with COVID-19. abstract: BACKGROUND: Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine are widely used to treat hospitalized COVID-19 patients primarily based on antiviral activity in in vitro studies. Our objective was to systematically evaluate their efficacy and safety in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. METHODS: We systematically reviewed PubMed, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Medrxviv for studies of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in COVID-19 hospitalized patients on April 26, 2020. We evaluated the quality of trials and observational studies using the Jadad criteria and Newcastle Ottawa Scale, respectively. RESULTS: After a review of 175 citations, we included 5 clinical trials (total of 345 patients), 9 observational studies (n = 2529), and 6 additional studies (n = 775) reporting on the QT interval. Three studies reported treatment benefits including two studies reporting benefit on virologic outcomes, which was statistically significant in one study, and another reported significant improvement on cough symptoms. Three studies reported that treatment was potentially harmful, including an significantly increased risk of mortality in two studies and increased need for respiratory support in another. Eight studies were unable to detect improvements on virologic outcomes (n = 3) or pneumonia or transfer to ICU/death (n = 5). The proportion of participants with critical QTc intervals of [≥] 500 ms or an increase of [≥] 60 ms from baseline ranged from 8.3% to 36% (n = 8). One clinical trial and six observational studies were of good quality. The remaining studies were of poor quality. CONCLUSIONS: Our systematic review of reported clinical studies did not identify substantial evidence to support the efficacy of hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and raises questions about potential harm from QT prolongation and increased mortality. url: http://medrxiv.org/cgi/content/short/2020.05.19.20106906v1?rss=1 doi: 10.1101/2020.05.19.20106906 id: cord-300320-07tdrd4w author: Siordia, Juan A. title: Systematic and Statistical Review of Coronavirus Disease 19 Treatment Trials date: 2020-07-15 words: 4829.0 sentences: 372.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-300320-07tdrd4w.txt txt: ./txt/cord-300320-07tdrd4w.txt summary: Medications assessed included lopinavir/ritonavir, arbidol, hydroxychloroquine, tocilizumab, favipiravir, heparin, and dexamethasone. Review of literature showed no significant clinical improvement with lopinavir/ritonavir, arbidol, hydroxychloroquine, or remdesivir. Medical therapies investigated included lopinavir/ritonavir, arbidol, hydroxychloroquine, remdesivir, favipiravir, heparin, glucocorticoids, interferon, ivermectin, and convalescent plasma. Key words included COVID-19, SARS-CoV2, randomized, This article is part of the Topical Collection on Covid-19 controlled, human, retrospective, prospective, trial, chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, lopinavir, ritonavir, arbidol, umifenovir, tocilizumab, favipiravir, steroids, dexamethasone, glucocorticoids, interferon, ivermectin, remdesivir, azithromycin, heparin, and low-molecular weight heparin. Lopinavir/ritonavir, arbidol, hydroxychloroquine, favipiravir, remdesivir, and heparin are medications that have been tested in human controlled trials for COVID-19 treatment. In human trials, arbidol shows no significant positive-negative conversion rate or recovery time compared to standard therapy or lopinavir/ritonavir [4, 9] . Combining T, treatment group (remdesivir); C, control group all the hydroxychloroquine human trials showed no benefit with reducing COVID-19 viral shedding time. abstract: The following systematic review and meta-analysis compile the current data regarding human controlled COVID-19 treatment trials. An electronic search of the literature compiled studies pertaining to human controlled treatment trials with COVID-19. Medications assessed included lopinavir/ritonavir, arbidol, hydroxychloroquine, tocilizumab, favipiravir, heparin, and dexamethasone. Statistical analyses were performed for common viral clearance endpoints whenever possible. Lopinavir/ritonavir showed no significant effect on viral clearance for COVID-19 cases (OR 0.95 [95% CI 0.50–1.83]). Hydroxychloroquine also showed no significant effect on COVID-19 viral clearance rates (OR 2.16 [95% CI 0.80–5.84]). Arbidol showed no 7-day (OR 1.63 [95% CI 0.76–3.50]) or 14-day viral (OR 5.37 [95% CI 0.35–83.30]) clearance difference compared to lopinavir/ritonavir. Review of literature showed no significant clinical improvement with lopinavir/ritonavir, arbidol, hydroxychloroquine, or remdesivir. Tocilizumab showed mixed results regarding survival. Favipiravir showed quicker symptom improvement compared to lopinavir/ritonavir and arbidol. Heparin and dexamethasone showed improvement with severe COVID-19 cases requiring supplemental oxygenation. Current medications do not show significant effect on COVID-19 viral clearance rates. Tocilizumab showed mixed results regarding survival. Favipiravir shows favorable results compared to other tested medications. Heparin and dexamethasone show benefit especially for severe COVID-19 cases. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32838169/ doi: 10.1007/s42399-020-00399-6 id: cord-331487-jh34klbg author: Sivapalan, Pradeesh title: Proactive Prophylaxis With Azithromycin and HydroxyChloroquine in Hospitalised Patients With COVID-19 (ProPAC-COVID): A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial date: 2020-06-10 words: 6399.0 sentences: 428.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-331487-jh34klbg.txt txt: ./txt/cord-331487-jh34klbg.txt summary: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this randomised GCP-controlled trial is to clarify whether combination therapy with the antibiotic azithromycin and hydroxychloroquine via anti-inflammation/immune modulation, antiviral efficacy and pre-emptive treatment of supra-infections can shorten hospitalisation duration for patients with COVID-19 (measured as "days alive and out of hospital" as the primary outcome), reduce the risk of noninvasive ventilation, treatment in the intensive care unit and death. Fertile women* must not be pregnant, i.e. negative pregnancy test must be available at inclusion • Informed consent signed by the patient *Defined as after menarche and until postmenopausal (no menstruation for 12 months) Exclusion criteria: • At the time of recruitment, the patient uses >5 LO2/min (equivalent to 40% FiO2 if measured) • Known intolerance/allergy to azithromycin or hydroxychloroquine or hypersensitivity to quinine or 4-aminoquinoline derivatives • Neurogenic hearing loss • Psoriasis • Retinopathy • Maculopathy • Visual field changes • Breastfeeding • Severe liver diseases other than amoebiasis (INR> 1.5 spontaneously) • Severe gastrointestinal, neurological and hematological disorders (investigator-assessed) • eGFR <45 ml/min/1.73 m2 • Clinically significant cardiac conduction disorders/arrhythmias or prolonged QTc interval (QTc (f) of> 480/470 ms). abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this randomised GCP-controlled trial is to clarify whether combination therapy with the antibiotic azithromycin and hydroxychloroquine via anti-inflammation/immune modulation, antiviral efficacy and pre-emptive treatment of supra-infections can shorten hospitalisation duration for patients with COVID-19 (measured as "days alive and out of hospital" as the primary outcome), reduce the risk of non- invasive ventilation, treatment in the intensive care unit and death. TRIAL DESIGN: This is a multi-centre, randomised, Placebo-controlled, 2-arm ratio 1:1, parallel group double-blind study. PARTICIPANTS: 226 participants are recruited at the trial sites/hospitals, where the study will take place in Denmark: Aalborg, Bispebjerg, Gentofte, Herlev, Hillerød, Hvidovre, Odense and Slagelse hospitals. Inclusion criteria: • Patient admitted to Danish emergency departments, respiratory medicine departments or internal medicine departments • Age≥ 18 years • Hospitalized ≤48 hours • Positive COVID-19 test / diagnosis during the hospitalization (confirmed). • Men or non-fertile women. Fertile women* must not be pregnant, i.e. negative pregnancy test must be available at inclusion • Informed consent signed by the patient *Defined as after menarche and until postmenopausal (no menstruation for 12 months) Exclusion criteria: • At the time of recruitment, the patient uses >5 LO2/min (equivalent to 40% FiO2 if measured) • Known intolerance/allergy to azithromycin or hydroxychloroquine or hypersensitivity to quinine or 4-aminoquinoline derivatives • Neurogenic hearing loss • Psoriasis • Retinopathy • Maculopathy • Visual field changes • Breastfeeding • Severe liver diseases other than amoebiasis (INR> 1.5 spontaneously) • Severe gastrointestinal, neurological and hematological disorders (investigator-assessed) • eGFR <45 ml/min/1.73 m2 • Clinically significant cardiac conduction disorders/arrhythmias or prolonged QTc interval (QTc (f) of> 480/470 ms). • Myasthenia gravis • Treatment with digoxin* • Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency • Porphyria • Hypoglycaemia (Blood glucose at any time since hospitalization of <3.0 mmol/L) • Severe mental illness which significantly impedes cooperation • Severe linguistic problems that significantly hinder cooperation • Treatment with ergot alkaloids *The patient must not be treated with digoxin for the duration of the intervention. For atrial fibrillation/flutter, select according to the Cardiovascular National Treatment Guide (NBV): Calcium antagonist, Beta blocker, direct current (DC) conversion or amiodarone. In case of urgent need for digoxin treatment (contraindication for the aforementioned equal alternatives), the test drug should be paused, and ECG should be taken daily. INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR: Control group: The control group will receive the standard treatment + placebo for both types of intervention medication at all times. If part or all the intervention therapy being investigated becomes standard treatment during the study, this may also be offered to the control group. Intervention group: The patients in the intervention group will also receive standard care. Immediately after randomisation to the intervention group, the patient will begin treatment with: Azithromycin: Day 1-3: 500 mg x 1 Day 4-15: 250 mg x 1 If the patient is unable to take the medication orally by themselves, the medication will, if possible, be administered by either stomach-feeding tube, or alternatively, temporary be changed to clarithromycin 500 mg x 2 (this only in agreement with either study coordinator Pradeesh Sivapalan or principal investigator Jens-Ulrik Stæhr Jensen). This will also be done in the control group if necessary. The patient will switch back to azithromycin when possible. Hydroxychloroquine: Furthermore, the patient will be treated with hydroxychloroquine as follows: Day 1-15: 200 mg x 2 MAIN OUTCOMES: • Number of days alive and discharged from hospital within 14 days (summarises both whether the patient is alive and discharged from hospital) ("Days alive and out of hospital") RANDOMISATION: The sponsor (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Trial Network, COP:TRIN) generates a randomisation sequence. Randomisation will be in blocks of unknown size and the final allocation will be via an encrypted website (REDCap). There will be stratification for age (>70 years vs. <=70 years), site of recruitment and whether the patient has any of the following chronic lung diseases: COPD, asthma, bronchiectasis, interstitial lung disease (Yes vs. No). BLINDING (MASKING): Participants and study personnel will both be blinded, i.e. neither will know which group the participant is allocated to. NUMBERS TO BE RANDOMISED (SAMPLE SIZE): This study requires 226 patients randomised 1:1 with 113 in each group. TRIAL STATUS: Protocol version 1.8, from April 16, 2020. Recruitment is ongoing (first patient recruited April 6, 2020; final patient expected to be recruited October 31, 2020). TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04322396 (registered March 26, 2020) FULL PROTOCOL: The full protocol is attached as an additional file, accessible from the Trials website (Additional file 1). In the interest in expediting dissemination of this material, the familiar formatting has been eliminated; this Letter serves as a summary of the key elements of the full protocol. The study protocol has been reported in accordance with the Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Clinical Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) guidelines (Additional file 2). url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32522282/ doi: 10.1186/s13063-020-04409-9 id: cord-355318-qm79gz8w author: Smit, Albertus J. title: Winter Is Coming: A Southern Hemisphere Perspective of the Environmental Drivers of SARS-CoV-2 and the Potential Seasonality of COVID-19 date: 2020-08-05 words: 15419.0 sentences: 706.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-355318-qm79gz8w.txt txt: ./txt/cord-355318-qm79gz8w.txt summary: Knowledge of other viral respiratory diseases suggests that the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 could be modulated by seasonally varying environmental factors such as temperature and humidity. Thus, if climate factors do play a role in COVID-19 infection rates, the concurrence of transition of southern hemisphere countries to their winter season with the mid-stages of the disease transmission trajectory is of concern, especially with respect to containment policy and health system resource allocation. Environmental variables considered in preprint and peer-reviewed publications as modulators of SARS-CoV-2 transmission rates include mean, minimum and/or maximum daily temperature, and diurnal temperature range; an undefined ''humidity'' variable, relative humidity, specific humidity and absolute humidity; dew point temperature; rainfall; wind speed or wind power; air pressure; some metric of solar or UV radiation; and ''air quality'' (Supplementary Tables S1 and S2 ). The general prevalence of climatologically-coupled seasonal signals and environmental variable modulation seen in the majority of other viral respiratory diseases creates the expectation for a similar effect on SARS-CoV-2 and in COVID-19 epidemiology. abstract: SARS-CoV-2 virus infections in humans were first reported in December 2019, the boreal winter. The resulting COVID-19 pandemic was declared by the WHO in March 2020. By July 2020, COVID-19 was present in 213 countries and territories, with over 12 million confirmed cases and over half a million attributed deaths. Knowledge of other viral respiratory diseases suggests that the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 could be modulated by seasonally varying environmental factors such as temperature and humidity. Many studies on the environmental sensitivity of COVID-19 are appearing online, and some have been published in peer-reviewed journals. Initially, these studies raised the hypothesis that climatic conditions would subdue the viral transmission rate in places entering the boreal summer, and that southern hemisphere countries would experience enhanced disease spread. For the latter, the COVID-19 peak would coincide with the peak of the influenza season, increasing misdiagnosis and placing an additional burden on health systems. In this review, we assess the evidence that environmental drivers are a significant factor in the trajectory of the COVID-19 pandemic, globally and regionally. We critically assessed 42 peer-reviewed and 80 preprint publications that met qualifying criteria. Since the disease has been prevalent for only half a year in the northern, and one-quarter of a year in the southern hemisphere, datasets capturing a full seasonal cycle in one locality are not yet available. Analyses based on space-for-time substitutions, i.e., using data from climatically distinct locations as a surrogate for seasonal progression, have been inconclusive. The reported studies present a strong northern bias. Socio-economic conditions peculiar to the ‘Global South’ have been omitted as confounding variables, thereby weakening evidence of environmental signals. We explore why research to date has failed to show convincing evidence for environmental modulation of COVID-19, and discuss directions for future research. We conclude that the evidence thus far suggests a weak modulation effect, currently overwhelmed by the scale and rate of the spread of COVID-19. Seasonally modulated transmission, if it exists, will be more evident in 2021 and subsequent years. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165634 doi: 10.3390/ijerph17165634 id: cord-029112-u507i0t0 author: Smith, Keisha title: A Phase 3 Open-label, Randomized, Controlled Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Intravenously Administered Ravulizumab Compared with Best Supportive Care in Patients with COVID-19 Severe Pneumonia, Acute Lung Injury, or Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial date: 2020-07-13 words: 20880.0 sentences: 1243.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-029112-u507i0t0.txt txt: ./txt/cord-029112-u507i0t0.txt summary: Study ALXN1210-COV-305 is a multicenter Phase 3, open-label, randomized, controlled study designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intravenous (IV) ravulizumab + best supportive care (BSC), compared with BSC alone in patients with a confirmed diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and a clinical presentation consistent with COVID-19 severe pneumonia, acute lung injury, or ARDS. abstract: OBJECTIVES: Primary Objective • To evaluate the effect of ravulizumab, a long-acting complement (C5) inhibitor plus best supportive care (BSC) compared with BSC alone on the survival of patients with COVID-19. Secondary Objectives • Number of days free of mechanical ventilation at Day 29 • Duration of intensive care unit stay at Day 29 • Change from baseline in Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score at Day 29 • Change from baseline in peripheral capillary oxygen saturation/ fraction of inspired oxygen (SpO2 /FiO2) at Day 29 • Duration of hospitalization at Day 29 • Survival (based on all-cause mortality) at Day 60 and Day 90 Safety • Incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events and treatment-emergent serious adverse events. PK/PD/Immunogenicity • Change in serum ravulizumab concentrations over time • Change in serum free and total C5 concentrations over time • Incidence and titer of anti-ALXN1210 antibodies Biomarkers • Change in absolute level of soluble biomarkers in blood associated with complement activation, inflammatory processes, and hypercoagulable states over time Exploratory • Incidence of progression to renal failure requiring dialysis at Day 29 • Time to clinical improvement (based on a modified 6-point ordinal scale) over 29 days • SF-12 Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) scores at Day 29 (or discharge), Day 60, and Day 90 • EuroQol 5-dimension 5-level (EQ-5D-5L) scores at Day 29 (or discharge), Day 60, and Day 90 TRIAL DESIGN: This is a multicenter Phase 3, open-label, randomized, controlled, study. The study is being conducted in acute care hospital settings in the United States, United Kingdom, Spain, France, Germany, and Japan. PARTICIPANTS: Male or female patients at least 18 years of age, weighing ≥ 40 kg, admitted to a designated hospital facility for treatment will be screened for eligibility in this study. Key Inclusion criteria • Confirmed diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection (eg, via polymerase chain reaction [PCR] and/or antibody test) presenting as severe COVID-19 requiring hospitalization • Severe pneumonia, acute lung injury, or ARDS confirmed by computed tomography (CT) or X-ray at Screening or within the 3 days prior to Screening, as part of the patient’s routine clinical care • Respiratory distress requiring mechanical ventilation, which can be either invasive (requiring endotracheal intubation) or non-invasive (with continuous positive airway pressure [CPAP] or bilevel positive airway pressure [BiPAP]) Key Exclusion criteria • Patient is not expected to survive for more than 24 hours • Patient is on invasive mechanical ventilation with intubation for more than 48 hours prior to Screening • Severe pre-existing cardiac disease (ie, NYHA Class 3 or Class 4, acute coronary syndrome, or persistent ventricular tachyarrhythmias) • Patient has an unresolved Neisseria meningitidis infection Excluded medications and therapies • Current treatment with a complement inhibitor • Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) within 4 weeks prior to randomization on Day 1 Excluded prior/concurrent clinical study experience • Treatment with investigational therapy in a clinical study within 30 days before randomization, or within 5 half-lives of that investigational therapy, whichever is greater • Exceptions a. Investigational therapies will be allowed if received as part of best supportive care through an expanded access protocol or emergency approval for the treatment of COVID-19. b. Investigational antiviral therapies (such as remdesivir) will be allowed even if received as part of a clinical study. INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR: The study consists of a Screening Period of up to 3 days, a Primary Evaluation Period of 4 weeks, a final assessment at Day 29, and a Follow-up Period of 8 weeks. For patients randomized to ravulizumab plus BSC, a weight-based dose of ravulizumab (≥40 to < 60 kg/2400 mg, 60 to < 100 kg/2700 mg, ≥ 100 kg/3000 mg) will be administered on Day 1. On Day 5 and Day 10, additional doses of 600 mg (≥40 to <60 kg) or 900 mg (>60 kg) ravulizumab will be administered and on Day 15 patients will receive 900 mg ravulizumab. There is no active or placebo comparator in this open-label clinical trial. The total duration of each patient’s participation is anticipated to be approximately 3 months. MAIN OUTCOMES: The primary efficacy outcome of this study is survival (based on all-cause mortality) at Day 29. RANDOMISATION: Patients will be randomized in a 2:1 ratio (ravulizumab plus BSC:BSC alone). Randomization will be stratified by intubated or not intubated on Day 1. Computer-generated randomization lists will be prepared by a third party under the direction of the sponsor. Investigators, or designees, will enrol patients and then obtain randomization codes using an interactive voice/web response system. The block size will be kept concealed so that investigators cannot select patients for a particular treatment assignment. Blinding (masking): This is an open-label study. Numbers to be randomised (sample size): Approximately 270 patients will be randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to ravulizumab plus BSC (n=180) or BSC alone (n=90). TRIAL STATUS: Protocol Number: ALXN1210-COV-305 Original Protocol: 09 Apr 2020 Protocol Amendment 1 (Global): 13 Apr 2020 Protocol Amendment 2 (Global): 17 Apr 2020 Protocol Amendment 3 (Global): 09 Jun 2020 Recruitment is currently ongoing. Recruitment was initiated on 11 May 2020. We expect recruitment to be completed by 30 Nov 2020. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov: Protocol Registry Number: NCT04369469; First posted; 30 Apr 2020 EU Clinical Trials Register: EudraCT Number: https://www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu/ctr-search/search?query=ALXN1210-COV-305, Start date: 07 May 2020 FULL PROTOCOL: The full redacted protocol is attached as an additional file, accessible from the Trials website (Additional file 1). In the interest in expediting dissemination of this material, the familiar formatting has been eliminated; this Letter serves as a summary of the key elements of the full protocol. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7355517/ doi: 10.1186/s13063-020-04548-z id: cord-015935-r2wd1yfa author: Sokol, Deborah K. title: The Genetics of Autism date: 2011-02-10 words: 11276.0 sentences: 598.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-015935-r2wd1yfa.txt txt: ./txt/cord-015935-r2wd1yfa.txt summary: Another offshoot of microarray technology is submicroscopic chromosome copy number variation (CNV) analysis, in which deletions or duplications involving > 1-kb DNA have been detected in patients with mental retardation, autism, and multiple congenital anomalies. Technology compatible with this approach includes cytogenetics (including karyotyping and FISH), gene association studies (analysis of genes and protein system from less complex genetic syndromes similar to autism such as Rett and fragile X syndromes), linkage studies (including genome screens in affected sibling pairs), microarray technology, and CNV analysis. Cytogenetic approaches provided the first evidence for an autism gene 40 years ago when Lubs (1969) identified an abnormal or "fragile" site on the long arm of chromosome X in four males with mental retardation, leading to the recognition of fragile X syndrome (FXS). As chromosome 7q has been discussed in section "Cytogenetics: Rare Mutations," chromosome 2 and then 17q11 will follow the description of how linkage studies led to the discovery of the gene loci for a syndromic form of autism: tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC). abstract: This chapter is written to make the fast-paced, expanding field of the genetics of autism accessible to those practitioners who help children with autism. New genetic knowledge and technology have quickly developed over the past 30 years, particularly within the past decade, and have made many optimistic about our ability to explain autism. Among these advances include the sequencing of the human genome (Lander et al., 2001) and the identification of common genetic variants via the HapMap project (International HapMap Consortium, 2005), and the development of cost-efficient genotyping and analysis technologies (Losh, Sullivan, Trembath, & Piven, 2008). Improvement in technology has led to improved visualization of chromosomal abnormality down to the molecular level. The four most common syndromes associated with autism include fragile X syndrome, tuberous sclerosis, 15q duplications, and untreated phenylketonuria (PKU; Costa e Silva, 2008). FXS and 15q duplications are discussed within the context of cytogenetics. TSC is illustrated within the description of linkage analysis. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7120060/ doi: 10.1007/978-1-4419-8065-6_6 id: cord-338889-7hd3iibk author: Solbakk, Jan Helge title: Back to WHAT? The role of research ethics in pandemic times date: 2020-11-03 words: 11689.0 sentences: 709.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-338889-7hd3iibk.txt txt: ./txt/cord-338889-7hd3iibk.txt summary: 10 Of the 10 standards laid down in this Code, and with which physician-researchers must comply when carrying out experiments on human subjects, standard 5, in particular, has become highly relevant these days due to pressure from influential medical stakeholders, agencies and bioethicists to permit the conduct of controlled human infection studies (CHIs), also labeled human challenge trials (HCTs), or challenge studies (CSs) to possibly shorten the development time of vaccines to protect against Covid-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus. abstract: The Covid-19 pandemic creates an unprecedented threatening situation worldwide with an urgent need for critical reflection and new knowledge production, but also a need for imminent action despite prevailing knowledge gaps and multilevel uncertainty. With regard to the role of research ethics in these pandemic times some argue in favor of exceptionalism, others, including the authors of this paper, emphasize the urgent need to remain committed to core ethical principles and fundamental human rights obligations all reflected in research regulations and guidelines carefully crafted over time. In this paper we disentangle some of the arguments put forward in the ongoing debate about Covid-19 human challenge studies (CHIs) and the concomitant role of health-related research ethics in pandemic times. We suggest it might be helpful to think through a lens differentiating between risk, strict uncertainty and ignorance. We provide some examples of lessons learned by harm done in the name of research in the past and discuss the relevance of this legacy in the current situation. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33141289/ doi: 10.1007/s11019-020-09984-x id: cord-014464-m5n250r2 author: Sole-Violan, J title: Lethal influenza virus A H1N1 infection in two relatives with autosomal dominant GATA-2 deficiency date: 2013-03-19 words: 98961.0 sentences: 5553.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-014464-m5n250r2.txt txt: ./txt/cord-014464-m5n250r2.txt summary: Results In preliminary analysis of categorical data, a signifi cantly (Fisher exact test) greater proportion of patients with compared with without the following fi ndings did not survive; history of alcohol use (P = 0.05); the presence of lethargy (P = 0.01), confusion (P = 0.03), nausea (P = 0.04), abdominal pain (P = 0.02), or the need for vasopressors (P = 0.002), oxygen, mechanical ventilation, or steroids (all P = 0.004) at presentation; and excessive bleeding at surgery (P = 0.01). Methods To prospectively re-evaluate the normal range and to analyze the potential impact of biometric data on ICG-PDR, we measured ICG-PDR (i.v. injection of 0.25 mg/kg ICG; LiMON, Pulsion, Munich, Introduction Mixed venous oxygen saturation (SVO 2 ) represents a well-recognized parameter of oxygen delivery (DO 2 )-consumption (VO 2 ) mismatch and its use has been advocated in critically ill patients in order to guide hemodynamic resuscitation [1] and oxygen delivery optimization. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3642469/ doi: 10.1186/cc11953 id: cord-286889-l765mxmy author: Stangeland, Paula A. title: Disaster Nursing: A Retrospective Review date: 2010-12-31 words: 7367.0 sentences: 393.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-286889-l765mxmy.txt txt: ./txt/cord-286889-l765mxmy.txt summary: Eight themes, including (1) defining disaster, (2) nursing during and after disaster, (3) nursing education in disaster preparedness, (4) military nurse preparedness, (5) postdisaster stress, (6) ethical issues and intent to respond, (7) policy, and (8) hospital emergency policy, were derived from the review and are explored in this article. Although some nurses identified their experiences of working during and in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina and other health emergencies as rewarding, they also identified planning and education as critical needs for providing care in future disasters. 20 Specifically, the guidelines state that baccalaureate nursing programs should prepare graduates to use clinical judgment appropriately and provide timely interventions when making decisions and performing nursing care during disasters, mass casualties, and other emergency situations. Because the literature reveals that working during disasters and traumatic situations causes increased stress for nurses, it is necessary to include information related to disorders that have been associated with experiencing traumatic situations. abstract: This article presents a review of the literature related to disaster preparedness and nursing. A definition of disaster as set forth by the American Red Cross is provided. Eight themes, including (1) defining disaster, (2) nursing during and after disaster, (3) nursing education in disaster preparedness, (4) military nurse preparedness, (5) postdisaster stress, (6) ethical issues and intent to respond, (7) policy, and (8) hospital emergency policy, were derived from the review and are explored in this article. Although a plethora of disaster-related literature exists, the voice of the nurses who worked during these disasters is missing. Areas of proposed research illuminated by current research are suggested. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21095551/ doi: 10.1016/j.ccell.2010.09.003 id: cord-330573-rr2r8245 author: Stockmann, Helena title: CytoResc – “CytoSorb” Rescue for critically ill patients undergoing the COVID-19 Cytokine Storm: A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial date: 2020-06-26 words: 1702.0 sentences: 115.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-330573-rr2r8245.txt txt: ./txt/cord-330573-rr2r8245.txt summary: title: CytoResc – "CytoSorb" Rescue for critically ill patients undergoing the COVID-19 Cytokine Storm: A structured summary of a study protocol for a randomized controlled trial TRIAL DESIGN: Phase IIb, multicenter, prospective, open-label, randomized, 1:1 parallel group pilot study comparing the additional use of "CytoSorb" to standard of care without "CytoSorb". Intervention and comparator: Within 24 hours after meeting the inclusion criteria patients will be randomized to receive either standard of care or standard of care and additional "CytoSorb" therapy via a shaldon catheter for 3-7 days. Keywords: COVID-19, Randomized controlled trial, protocol, cytokine storm, vasoplegic shock, extracorporeal cytokine elimination Authors'' contributions TS, PE and HS designed the trial, wrote the study protocol, obtained ethical approval and applied for BMBF funding. TK did the biostatistic design of the trial and wrote the statistical section of the study protocol, ethical approval and BMBF application. Furthermore, the study protocol, the statistical analysis plan, the patient information and the patient consent form will be made available to all interested persons. abstract: OBJECTIVES: Approximately 8 - 10 % of COVID-19 patients present with a serious clinical course and need for hospitalization, 8% of hospitalized patients need ICU-treatment. Currently, no causal therapy is available and treatment is purely supportive. The main reason for death in critically ill patients is acute respiratory failure. However, in a number of patients a severe hyperinflammatory response with excessively elevated proinflammatory cytokines causes vasoplegic shock resistant to vasopressor therapy. A new polystyrene-based hemoadsorber (CytoSorb®, Cytosorbents Inc., New Jersey, USA) has been shown to adsorb effectively cytokines and other middle molecular weight toxins this way reducing their blood concentrations. This has been routinely used in clinical practice in the EU for other conditions where a cytokine storm occurs and an observational study has just been completed on COVID-19 patients. We hypothesized that the extracorporeal elimination of cytokines in critically ill COVID-19 patients with suspected hyperinflammation and shock may stabilize hemodynamics and improve outcome. The primary endpoint is time until resolution of vasoplegic shock, which is a well implemented, clinically relevant endpoint in critical care studies. TRIAL DESIGN: Phase IIb, multicenter, prospective, open-label, randomized, 1:1 parallel group pilot study comparing the additional use of “CytoSorb” to standard of care without “CytoSorb”. PARTICIPANTS: Patients are recruited from the Intensive Care Units (ICUs) of 7 participating centers in Germany (approximately 10 ICUs). All patients aged 18- 80 with positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for SARS-CoV-2, a C-reactive protein (CRP) ≥ 100 mg/l, a Procalcitonin (PCT) < 2 ng/l, and suspected cytokine storm defined via a vasoplegic shock (Norepinephrine > 0.2 μg/min/kg to achieve a Mean Arterial Pressure ≥ 65mmHg). Patients are included irrespective of indication for renal replacement therapy. Suspected or proven bacterial cause for vasoplegic shock is a contraindication. INTERVENTION AND COMPARATOR: Within 24 hours after meeting the inclusion criteria patients will be randomized to receive either standard of care or standard of care and additional “CytoSorb” therapy via a shaldon catheter for 3-7 days. Filter exchange is done every 24 hours. If patients receive antibiotics, an additional dose of antibiotics is administered after each change of “CytoSorb” filter in order to prevent underdosing due to “CytoSorb” treatment. MAIN OUTCOMES: Primary outcome is time to resolution of vasoplegic shock (defined as no need for vasopressors for at least 8 hours in order to sustain a MAP ≥ 65mmHg) in days. Secondary outcomes are 7 day mortality after fulfilling the inclusion criteria, mortality until hospital discharge, Interleukin-6 (IL-6) measurement on day 1 and 3, need for mechanical ventilation, duration of mechanical ventilation, duration of ICU-stay, catecholamine dose on day 1/2/3 after start of “CytoSorb” and acute kidney injury. RANDOMIZATION: An electronic randomization will be performed using the study software secuTrial® administered by the Clinical Study Center (CSC) of the Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany. Randomization is done in blocks by 4 stratified by including center. BLINDING (MASKING): The trial will be non-blinded for the clinicians and patients. The statistician will receive a blinded data set, so that all analyses will be conducted blinded. NUMBERS TO BE RANDOMIZED (SAMPLE SIZE): As this is a pilot study with the goal to examine the feasibility of the study design as well as the intervention effect, no formal sample size calculation was conducted. A total number of approximately 80-100 patients is planned (40-50 patients per group). Safety assessment is done after the inclusion of each 10 patients per randomization group. TRIAL STATUS: Please see the study protocol version from April 24 2020. Recruitment of patients is still pending. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was registered on April 27 2020 in the German Registry of Clinical Trials (DRKS) under the number DRKS00021447. FULL PROTOCOL: The full protocol is attached as an additional file, accessible from the Trials website (Additional file 1). In the interest in expediting dissemination of this material, the familiar formatting has been eliminated; this Letter serves as a summary of the key elements of the full protocol. url: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-020-04501-0 doi: 10.1186/s13063-020-04501-0 id: cord-011325-r42hzazp author: Stowe, Julia title: Do Vaccines Trigger Neurological Diseases? Epidemiological Evaluation of Vaccination and Neurological Diseases Using Examples of Multiple Sclerosis, Guillain–Barré Syndrome and Narcolepsy date: 2019-10-01 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: This article evaluates the epidemiological evidence for a relationship between vaccination and neurological disease, specifically multiple sclerosis, Guillain–Barré syndrome and narcolepsy. The statistical methods used to test vaccine safety hypotheses are described and the merits of different study designs evaluated; these include the cohort, case-control, case-coverage and the self-controlled case-series methods. For multiple sclerosis, the evidence does not support the hypothesized relationship with hepatitis B vaccine. For Guillain−Barré syndrome, the evidence suggests a small elevated risk after influenza vaccines, though considerably lower than after natural influenza infection, with no elevated risk after human papilloma virus vaccine. For narcolepsy, there is strong evidence of a causal association with one adjuvanted vaccine used in the 2009/10 influenza pandemic. Rapid investigation of vaccine safety concerns, however biologically implausible, is essential to maintain public and professional confidence in vaccination programmes. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7224038/ doi: 10.1007/s40263-019-00670-y id: cord-170195-lrg11s5n author: Stoye, Jorg title: A Critical Assessment of Some Recent Work on COVID-19 date: 2020-05-20 words: 2764.0 sentences: 166.0 pages: flesch: 61.0 cache: ./cache/cord-170195-lrg11s5n.txt txt: ./txt/cord-170195-lrg11s5n.txt summary: I tentatively re-analyze data from two well-publicized studies on COVID-19, namely the Charit''{e}"viral load in children"and the Bonn"seroprevalence in Heinsberg/Gangelt"study, from information available in the preprints. The authors focus on a hypothesis test as deliverable of their analysis; I would have recommended a nonparametric mean regression with error bands, resulting in some estimated age effect. To the statistically educated reader, the above headlines may suggest that the study tests, and fails to reject, H 0 : "Children have the same viral load as adults." It does not. To take an educated guess, I will now try to recover from the paper a test of H 0 : "Children have the same viral load as adults." To this purpose, I combine the first two and the remaining age bins of Figure 1 to find means of 4.74 and 5.21 with 95% confidence intervals of [4.42, 5.05] and [5.15, 5.27], respectively. abstract: I tentatively re-analyze data from two well-publicized studies on COVID-19, namely the Charit'{e}"viral load in children"and the Bonn"seroprevalence in Heinsberg/Gangelt"study, from information available in the preprints. The studies have the following in common: - They received worldwide attention and arguably had policy impact. - The thrusts of their findings align with the respective lead authors' (different) public stances on appropriate response to COVID-19. - Tentatively, my reading of the Gangelt study neutralizes its thrust, and my reading of the Charit'{e} study reverses it. The exercise may aid in placing these studies in the literature. With all caveats that apply to n=2 quickfire analyses based off preprints, one also wonders whether it illustrates inadvertent effects of"researcher degrees of freedom." url: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2005.10237v2.pdf doi: nan id: cord-319504-jb455t9p author: Suess, Thorsten title: The role of facemasks and hand hygiene in the prevention of influenza transmission in households: results from a cluster randomised trial; Berlin, Germany, 2009-2011 date: 2012-01-26 words: 6952.0 sentences: 344.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-319504-jb455t9p.txt txt: ./txt/cord-319504-jb455t9p.txt summary: BACKGROUND: Previous controlled studies on the effect of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) namely the use of facemasks and intensified hand hygiene in preventing household transmission of influenza have not produced definitive results. When analysing only households where intervention was implemented within 36 h after symptom onset of the index case, secondary infection in the pooled M and MH groups was significantly lower compared to the control group (adjusted odds ratio 0.16, 95% CI, 0.03-0.92). Since 2006, the World Health Organisation (WHO) and other organisations have highlighted the need for controlled trials to assist in formulating recommendations on the use of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI)such as facemasks or hand hygiene measures -as options to prevent influenza transmission, particularly in households [1, 2] . In intention-to-treat analysis, none of the four household based trials was able to show significant reductions in secondary attack rates (SAR) when comparing intervention to control groups. abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous controlled studies on the effect of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) - namely the use of facemasks and intensified hand hygiene - in preventing household transmission of influenza have not produced definitive results. We aimed to investigate efficacy, acceptability, and tolerability of NPI in households with influenza index patients. METHODS: We conducted a cluster randomized controlled trial during the pandemic season 2009/10 and the ensuing influenza season 2010/11. We included households with an influenza positive index case in the absence of further respiratory illness within the preceding 14 days. Study arms were wearing a facemask and practicing intensified hand hygiene (MH group), wearing facemasks only (M group) and none of the two (control group). Main outcome measure was laboratory confirmed influenza infection in a household contact. We used daily questionnaires to examine adherence and tolerability of the interventions. RESULTS: We recruited 84 households (30 control, 26 M and 28 MH households) with 82, 69 and 67 household contacts, respectively. In 2009/10 all 41 index cases had a influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 infection, in 2010/11 24 had an A (H1N1) pdm09 and 20 had a B infection. The total secondary attack rate was 16% (35/218). In intention-to-treat analysis there was no statistically significant effect of the M and MH interventions on secondary infections. When analysing only households where intervention was implemented within 36 h after symptom onset of the index case, secondary infection in the pooled M and MH groups was significantly lower compared to the control group (adjusted odds ratio 0.16, 95% CI, 0.03-0.92). In a per-protocol analysis odds ratios were significantly reduced among participants of the M group (adjusted odds ratio, 0.30, 95% CI, 0.10-0.94). With the exception of MH index cases in 2010/11 adherence was good for adults and children, contacts and index cases. CONCLUSIONS: Results suggest that household transmission of influenza can be reduced by the use of NPI, such as facemasks and intensified hand hygiene, when implemented early and used diligently. Concerns about acceptability and tolerability of the interventions should not be a reason against their recommendation. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier NCT00833885). url: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-12-26 doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-12-26 id: cord-354216-4khdcjed author: Sultan, Shahnaz title: AGA Institute Rapid Review of the GI and Liver Manifestations of COVID-19, Meta-Analysis of International Data, and Recommendations for the Consultative Management of Patients with COVID-19 date: 2020-05-11 words: 5641.0 sentences: 336.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-354216-4khdcjed.txt txt: ./txt/cord-354216-4khdcjed.txt summary: Abstract Background Multiple gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms including diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, and abdominal pain, as well liver enzyme abnormalities have been variably reported in patients with COVID-19. The AGA) Institute Clinical Guideline Committee and Clinical Practice Updates Committee performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of international data on GI and liver manifestations of COVID-19. 4 More recent data from a cohort of 5700 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 within a large healthcare system in New York City revealed common comorbidities including hypertension (56.6%), obesity (41.7%), and diabetes (33.8%), and reported that 373 (14.2%) of patients required treatment in the intensive care unit, and 320 (12.2%) received invasive mechanical ventilation, in whom the mortality was 88.1% (282/320)]. Also, many of the studies in this analysis did not report on how many patients had underlying liver disease and if these patients were at an elevated risk of having increased LFTs in the setting of COVID-19 infection. abstract: Abstract Background Multiple gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms including diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, and abdominal pain, as well liver enzyme abnormalities have been variably reported in patients with COVID-19. The AGA) Institute Clinical Guideline Committee and Clinical Practice Updates Committee performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of international data on GI and liver manifestations of COVID-19. Methods We performed a systematic literature search to identify published and unpublished studies using OVID Medline and pre-print servers (medRxiv, LitCovid, and SSRN) up until April 5 2020; major journal sites were monitored for US publications until April 19 2020. We analyzed the prevalence of diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain as well as LFT abnormalities using a fixed effect model and assessed the certainty of evidence using GRADE. Results We identified 118 studies and used a hierarchal study selection process to identify unique cohorts. We performed a meta-analysis of 47 studies including 10,890 unique patients. Pooled prevalence estimates of GI symptoms was diarrhea 7.7% (95% CI 7.2-8.2), nausea/vomiting 7.8% (95% CI 7.1-8.5), abdominal pain 2.7% (95% CI 2.0-3.4). Most studies reported on hospitalized patients. The pooled prevalence of elevated liver abnormalities was: AST 15.0% (13.6 to 16.5) and ALT 15.0% (13.6 to 16.4). When analyzed comparing data from China to studies from countries other than China, diarrhea, nausea/vomiting, liver abnormalities were more prevalent outside of China with diarrhea reported in 18.3% (16.6 to 20.1). Isolated GI symptoms were rarely reported. We also summarized of the Gl and liver adverse effects of the most commonly utilized medications for COVID19 Conclusions GI symptoms are associated with COVID-19 in less than 10% of patients. In studies outside of China, estimates are higher. Further studies are needed with standardized GI symptoms questionnaires and LFT checks on admission to better quantify and qualify the association of these symptoms with COVID-19. Based on findings from our meta-anlaysis, we make several Best Practice Statements for the consultative management of COVID-19. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32407808/ doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2020.05.001 id: cord-275340-q8d7rvnj author: Sun, JingKang title: Advances in the use of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19 date: 2020-06-21 words: 6629.0 sentences: 285.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-275340-q8d7rvnj.txt txt: ./txt/cord-275340-q8d7rvnj.txt summary: CQ/HCQ may synergistically exert antiviral and immunomodulatory effects on COVID-19 through multiple mechanisms including hindering the receptor recognition process by influencing the affinity of ACE2 and S protein, and the affinity for sialic acid and ganglioside; inhibiting the membrane fusion process by suppressing endolysosome acidification; suppressing the p38 activation and affecting host defense machinery, and preventing MHC class II expression (block expression of CD154 on the surface of CD4 + T cell) and TLR signaling and reducing the production of cytokines through inhibiting the activation of T cells and B cells. ACE2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; COVID-19, coronavirus disease 2019; CQ, chloroquine; HCQ, hydroxychloroquine; CoVs, coronaviruses; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; MHC-II, major histocompatibility complex class II; TLR, toll-like receptor; cGAS, cyclic GMP-AMP synthase; IFN, interferon; IL, interleukin; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α. The authors deemed that the anti-inflammatory effect of low-dose HCQ and the activity of inhibiting viral replication may have important significance in critically ill patients with COVID-19. abstract: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is spreading worldwide. Antiviral therapy is the most important treatment for COVID-19. Among the drugs under investigation, anti-malarials, chloroquine (CQ) and hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), are being repurposed as treatment for COVID-19. CQ/HCQ were shown to prevent receptor recognition by coronaviruses, inhibit endosome acidification, which interferes with membrane fusion, and exhibit immunomodulatory activity. These multiple mechanisms may work together to exert a therapeutic effect on COVID-19. A number of in vitro studies revealed inhibitory effects of CQ/HCQ on various coronaviruses, including SARS-CoV-2 although conflicting results exist. Several clinical studies showed that CQ/HCQ alone or in combination with a macrolide may alleviate the clinical symptoms of COVID-19, promote viral conversion, and delay disease progression, with less serious adverse effects. However, recent studies indicated that the use of CQ/HCQ, alone or in combination with a macrolide, did not show any favorable effect on patients with COVID-19. Adverse effects, including prolonged QT interval after taking CQ/HCQ, may develop in COVID-19 patients. Therefore, current data are not sufficient enough to support the use of CQ/HCQ as therapies for COVID-19 and increasing caution should be taken about the application of CQ/HCQ in COVID-19 before conclusive findings are obtained by well-designed, multi-center, randomized, controlled studies. url: https://doi.org/10.1080/00325481.2020.1778982 doi: 10.1080/00325481.2020.1778982 id: cord-307263-znuqdzdp author: Sun, Niuniu title: A Qualitative Study on the Psychological Experience of Caregivers of COVID-19 Patients date: 2020-04-08 words: 4478.0 sentences: 250.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-307263-znuqdzdp.txt txt: ./txt/cord-307263-znuqdzdp.txt summary: Previous studies have shown that during sudden natural disasters and infectious diseases, nurses will sacrifice their own needs to actively participate in the anti-epidemic work and make selfless contributions out of moral and professional responsibility [7] . Previous studies have shown that when nurses are in close contact with patients with emerging infectious diseases such as SARS [9] , MERS-Cov [10, 11] , Ebola [12] , H1N1 [13] , they will suffer from loneliness, anxiety, fear, fatigue, sleep disorders, and other physical and mental health problems. This study explored the psychological experience of caregivers of patients with COVID-19 using phenomenological methods and we summarised our findings into four themes: significant amounts of negative emotions at an early stage, self-coping styles, growth under stress, and positive emotions that occur simultaneously or progressively with negative emotions. abstract: BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is spreading rapidly, bringing pressure and challenges to nursing staff. OBJECTIVE: To explore the psychology of nurses caring for COVID-19 patients. METHOD: Using a phenomenological approach, we enrolled 20 nurses who provided care for COVID-19 patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology from 20 January to 10 February 2020. The interviews were conducted face-to-face or by telephone and were analysed by Colaizzi's 7-step method. RESULTS: The psychological experience of nurses caring for COVID-19 patients can be summarized into four themes. Firstly, negative emotions present in early stage consisting of fatigue, discomfort, and helplessness was caused by high-intensity work, fear and anxiety, and concern for patients and family members. Secondly, self-coping styles included psychological and life adjustment, altruistic acts, team support, and rational cognition. Thirdly, we found growth under pressure, which included increased affection and gratefulness, development of professional responsibility, and self-reflection. Finally, we showed that positive emotions occurred simultaneously with negative emotions. CONCLUSIONS: During an epidemic outbreak, positive and negative emotions of the front-line nurses interweaved and coexisted. In the early stage, negative emotions were dominant and positive emotions appeared gradually. Self-coping styles and psychological growth played an important role in maintaining mental health of nurses. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0196655320302017?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2020.03.018 id: cord-014540-27hnlu5v author: Sutthiruk, Nantanit title: Abstracts from the 8th International Congress of the Asia Pacific Society of Infection Control (APSIC): Bangkok, Thailand. 12-15 February 2017 date: 2017-02-22 words: 24509.0 sentences: 1304.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-014540-27hnlu5v.txt txt: ./txt/cord-014540-27hnlu5v.txt summary: A secondary questionnaire was sent to determine whether any cases showed a positive blood or cerebral spinal fluid culture for Extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing GNB, AmpC β-lactamases producing GNB, or carbapenem-resistant enterobacteriacae (CRE) between April 2012 and March 2015.The following data were collected; demographic data pertaining to both the care facilities and patients, clinical diagnosis, and outcomes. Utilization of diagnosis-procedure combination data for advancing the antimicrobial stewardship program Haruo Nakayama, Toshiko Ota, Naoko Shirane, Chikako Matuoka, Kentaro Kodama, Masanobu Ohtsuka Toho University Ohashi medical center, Tokyo, Japan Background Infection with antibiotic-resistant bacteria results in increased morbidity, mortality and economic burden. The purpose of this study was to test the effectively of the Infection Control Risk Assessment (ICRA) monitoring tool developed by the Infection Prevention and Control Unit (IPCU) of Asian Hospital and Medical Center with the aim to increase the compliance of construction workers to recommended infection prevention and control measures during construction, renovation and demolition in the hospital. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5333188/ doi: 10.1186/s13756-017-0176-1 id: cord-292978-qfw1uqvp author: Thakrar, Amit title: Thirty-Day Mortality Rate of Patients With Hip Fractures During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Single Centre Prospective Study in the United Kingdom date: 2020-07-08 words: 3374.0 sentences: 183.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-292978-qfw1uqvp.txt txt: ./txt/cord-292978-qfw1uqvp.txt summary: title: Thirty-Day Mortality Rate of Patients With Hip Fractures During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Single Centre Prospective Study in the United Kingdom We collected data on time to surgery, Clinical Frailty Scale score, Nottingham Hip Fracture Score, COVID-19 infection status, 30-day mortality, and cause of death. CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated a significant increase in 30-day mortality among hip fracture patients during the first 30 days of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom. The objective of our study is to investigate and describe associated risk factors for 30-day mortality of patients with hip fractures in a single center for a 1-month follow-up period since "day 0" of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom. We collected data on patient demographics, Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS), Nottingham Hip Fracture Score (NHFS), time to surgery, operation type, COVID-19 testing, COVID-19 infection status, 30-day mortality, and cause of death. abstract: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the care of hip fracture patients remains a clinical priority. Our study aims to investigate the 30-day mortality rate of hip fracture patients during the first 30 days of the pandemic in the United Kingdom. METHODS: A single-center, observational, prospective study of patients presenting with hip fractures. Data collection started from “day 0” of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom and continued for 30 days. We collected data on time to surgery, Clinical Frailty Scale score, Nottingham Hip Fracture Score, COVID-19 infection status, 30-day mortality, and cause of death. For comparison, we collected retrospective data during the same 30-day period in 2018, 2019, and the previous 6 months (Control groups A, B, and C, respectively). RESULTS: Forty-three patients were included in the study. There was no difference in age or gender between the Study and Control groups. The 30-day mortality rate of the Study group was 16.3%, which was higher than Control groups A (P = 0.022), B (P = 0.003) and C (P = 0.001). The prevalence of COVID-19 infection in our Study group was 26%. Of the 7 mortalities recorded, 4 patients tested positive for COVID-19 infection. In our Study group, COVID-19 infection correlated significantly with 30-day mortality (P = 0.002, odds ratio 2.4). CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrated a significant increase in 30-day mortality among hip fracture patients during the first 30 days of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom. A positive COVID-19 test result in patients with hip fractures is associated with a 2.4-fold increase in risk of 30-day mortality. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prognostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence. url: https://doi.org/10.1097/bot.0000000000001889 doi: 10.1097/bot.0000000000001889 id: cord-025304-qfpfllay author: Tiddi, Ilaria title: Fostering Scientific Meta-analyses with Knowledge Graphs: A Case-Study date: 2020-05-07 words: 5461.0 sentences: 228.0 pages: flesch: 38.0 cache: ./cache/cord-025304-qfpfllay.txt txt: ./txt/cord-025304-qfpfllay.txt summary: 3,000 studies collecting 60 years of research publications with experimental settings, measured/manipulated variables of observation, and quantitative results, with the goal of establishing an open access database that researchers worldwide could consult to identify studies to include in their systematic literature reviews, as well as to directly conduct their own statistical (meta-)analyses. Conducting a meta-analysis then consists in: (1) Coding, i.e. annotating the studies with the relevant characteristics, including independent and dependent variables and effect sizes; (2) Analysis, i.e. estimating the overall effects using fixed and random effects models, determining heterogeneity in the studies, assessing publication bias, conducting moderator analyses through meta regression, performing statistical power analysis; (3) Interpretation, i.e. the presentation of the obtained results along with conclusions and graphical support, often including graphs such as forests, funnel, violin/scatter-box plots. abstract: A meta-analysis is a Science of Science method widely used in the medical and social sciences to review, aggregate and quantitatively synthesise a body of studies that address the same research question. With the volume of research growing exponentially every year, conducting meta-analyses can be costly and inefficient, as a significant amount of time and human efforts needs to be spent in finding studies meeting research criteria, annotating them, and properly performing the statistical analyses to summarise the findings. In this work, we show these issues can be tackled with semantic representations and technologies, using a social science scenario as case-study. We show how the domain-specific content of research outputs can be represented and used to facilitate their search, analysis and synthesis. We present the very first representation of the domain of human cooperation, and the application we built on top of this to help experts in performing meta-analyses semi-automatically. Using few application scenarios, we show how our approach supports the various phases meta-analyses, and more in general contributes towards research replication and automated hypotheses generation. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7250615/ doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-49461-2_17 id: cord-325201-yoy7kdli author: Timsit, Jean-François title: Year in review in Intensive Care Medicine 2014: III. Severe infections, septic shock, healthcare-associated infections, highly resistant bacteria, invasive fungal infections, severe viral infections, Ebola virus disease and paediatrics date: 2015-03-26 words: 9122.0 sentences: 455.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-325201-yoy7kdli.txt txt: ./txt/cord-325201-yoy7kdli.txt summary: This third article for the 2014 Year in Review will report publications from intensive care on severe infections (including endocarditis and peritonitis), septic shock, healthcare and ventilator associated pneumonia, highly resistant bacteria, antimicrobial therapy (including antibiotic stewardship, therapeutic drug monitoring and deescalation), invasive fungal infections, severe viral infections, Ebola virus disease and paediatrics. While it is now well recognized that early appropriate antimicrobial therapy reduces infection-related morbidity and mortality in the critically ill patients, the importance of pharmacodynamic (PD) dosing to optimize drug exposure continues to evolve. Bacteremia is one of the major causes of nosocomial infection in the intensive care unit (ICU), ICU-acquired bloodstream infection (ICU-BSI) is associated with increased morbidity and length of stay, resulting in excess costs and high mortality of critically ill patients. In addition, in a small randomized study on the efficacy of empiric treatment of suspected ventilator associated pneumonia in patients with candida colonization of the respiratory tract did not prove to be effective [40] . abstract: nan url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00134-015-3755-8 doi: 10.1007/s00134-015-3755-8 id: cord-293522-gg706q8s author: Toumi, Mondher title: Commentary on “Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open label non-randomized clinical trial” by Gautret et al date: 2020-05-13 words: 5234.0 sentences: 277.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-293522-gg706q8s.txt txt: ./txt/cord-293522-gg706q8s.txt summary: title: Commentary on "Hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin as a treatment of COVID-19: results of an open label non-randomized clinical trial" by Gautret et al The results of a clinical trial comparing hydroxychloroquine with or without azithromycin to the standard of care for the treatment of COVID-19 were recently published by Philippe Gautret et al. This study provides outstanding results for the combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin over the standard of care, but the evidence was deemed insufficiently robust to warrant a public health decision to widen the use of hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19. The results of a clinical trial comparing hydroxychloroquine with or without azithromycin to the standard of care for the treatment of COVID-19 were published in the International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents by Philippe Gautret et al. The US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention provides information on the use of hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine in the USA to treat coronavirus 2infected patients. abstract: The results of a clinical trial comparing hydroxychloroquine with or without azithromycin to the standard of care for the treatment of COVID-19 were recently published by Philippe Gautret et al. This study provides outstanding results for the combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin over the standard of care, but the evidence was deemed insufficiently robust to warrant a public health decision to widen the use of hydroxychloroquine for the treatment of COVID-19. We provide a scientific critical review of the Gautret et al. publication, put the results in the context of the current knowledge, provide an evaluation of the validity of the results (from a methodologic perspective), and discuss public health implications. The study has a number of limitations, including small sample size, lack of comparability between patients in active treatment and control arms, lack of blinding, use of interim analyses without controlling for the risk of type 1 error, use of analysis in the per-protocol population instead of the intention-to-treat population, and inconsistencies between the study protocol and article. However, none of these observations is of a nature to reverse the conclusions. The study brings useful knowledge consistent with available evidence and clinical practice from China and South Korea, which could have prompted quicker policy decision-making. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32537099/ doi: 10.1080/20016689.2020.1758390 id: cord-255877-k8r98w3e author: Toye, Francine title: A qualitative evidence synthesis using meta-ethnography to understand the experience of living with pelvic organ prolapse date: 2020-09-01 words: 4513.0 sentences: 316.0 pages: flesch: 57.0 cache: ./cache/cord-255877-k8r98w3e.txt txt: ./txt/cord-255877-k8r98w3e.txt summary: title: A qualitative evidence synthesis using meta-ethnography to understand the experience of living with pelvic organ prolapse Our innovation was to undertake a comprehensive search and conceptual synthesis of primary qualitative research using the methods of meta-ethnography to help us to understand what it like to live with POP. We organized 162 ideas from the primary studies into 27 conceptual categories and 10 themes: my body is broken; the life of a woman can take its toll; I am broken; it has taken the woman out of me; my world is shrinking; pelvic organ prolapse is taboo; what on earth is going on down there; powerless in healthcare; which treatment should I choose; it was a relief to tell someone about it. Exploration of sexual experience among women with pelvic organ prolapse: a qualitative study abstract: INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) affects the lives of many people. We aimed to systematically search for, identify and synthesize qualitative research that explores what it is like to live with POP and make this knowledge available for healthcare improvement. METHODS: We systematically searched Medline, PsychInfo, Embase and CINAHL, from inception to March 2020, for qualitative research exploring the experience of living with POP. We used meta-ethnography to synthesize findings. This is a conceptual approach to qualitative evidence synthesis. We used the recent guidelines for reporting meta-ethnography. RESULTS: We screened 3103 titles and 255 abstracts and included 37 primary studies. These incorporated the experience of 777 women, (aged 18 to 95 years) from a range of countries. We organized 162 ideas into 27 conceptual categories and 10 themes. We developed a conceptual model that helps us to understand the experience of pelvic organ prolapse. This model indicates that (1) the physical losses of POP are intricately linked to loss of identity; (2) women conceptualized POP as part of womanhood, yet also its thief; (3) there is a vicious cycle of taboo, silence and misunderstanding about POP and its treatment; (4) this silence is exacerbated by a feeling that POP is not taken seriously in healthcare. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-ethnography helps us to understand the experience of living with a POP. Our model illustrates the complex process of healthcare decision making. Further studies to explore the complexity of decision making from the perspective of patient and health professional are timely. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32870341/ doi: 10.1007/s00192-020-04494-z id: cord-010812-zs51z5la author: Vaisbourd, Yulia title: The effect of patent ductus arteriosus on coronary artery blood flow in premature infants: a prospective observational pilot study date: 2020-02-20 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare coronary flows between premature infants with and without hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA) and to determine if coronary flow is influenced by medical PDA treatment. DESIGN: Prospective, observational pilot study. Forty-three infants <32 weeks gestation underwent echocardiography when routinely indicated. Study group included infants with hsPDA requiring treatment. Comparison groups included infants with nonsignificant PDA and infants without PDA. RESULTS: The study group (n = 13), compared with the comparison groups with nonsignificant PDA (n = 12) and without PDA (n = 18) had higher troponin levels (p = 0.003 and 0.004, respectively). In infants with hsPDA compared with infants with no PDA there was a significant increase in myocardial oxygen demand and decrease in left main coronary artery flow, with nonsignificant increase in cardiac output. CONCLUSIONS: Decrease in coronary artery flows and higher troponin values may suggest a “steal effect,” not allowing to meet the elevated myocardial oxygen demand in infants with hsPDA. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7222133/ doi: 10.1038/s41372-020-0622-4 id: cord-291083-nd7cew7v author: Vargas-Medrano, Javier title: Psychological and Neurobiological Aspects of Suicide in Adolescents: Current Outlooks date: 2020-08-05 words: 7731.0 sentences: 397.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-291083-nd7cew7v.txt txt: ./txt/cord-291083-nd7cew7v.txt summary: Several reports from the literature have shown that newborns with low birth weight (<2500g) have significantly increased risk of major depression with suicidal ideation, anxiety disorders, phobias, and impaired functioning compared to those with normal birth weights (Nomura et al., 2007) . Dysregulation of serotonin, HPA axis genes, and immune system in the human brain, especially in the frontal cortex, can affect human behaviors such as impulsivity, decision-making and mood and they have been strongly associated with the risk of suicidal behavior as they all play an important role in the body''s response to stress (Roy et al., 2012) . is also known that cognitive-behavioral sleep interventions might improve mental health in adolescents (particularly anxiety and depression) by improving sleep problems, since sleep is also a major risk factor for suicide. Further, their detailed evaluations indicated that vortioxetine was not associated with an increased risk of suicidal ideation and behavior in adult patients with MDD (Mahableshwarkar et al., 2020) . abstract: Suicidality is one of the leading causes of death among young adults in the United States and represents a significant health problem worldwide. The suicide rate among adolescents in the United States has increased dramatically in the latest years and has been accompanied by considerable changes in youth suicide, especially among young girls. Henceforth, we need a good understanding of the risk factors contributing to suicidal behavior in youth. An explanatory model for suicidal behavior that links clinical and psychological risk factors to the underlying neurobiological, neuropsychological abnormalities related to suicidal behavior might predict to help identify treatment options and have empirical value. Our explanatory model proposes that developmental, biological factors (genetics, proteomics, epigenetics, immunological) and psychological or clinical (childhood adversities) may have causal relevance to the changes associated with suicidal behavior. In this way, our model integrates findings from several perspectives in suicidality and attempts to explain the relationship between various neurobiological, genetic, and clinical observations in suicide research, offering a comprehensive hypothesis to facilitate understanding of this complex outcome. Unraveling the knowledge of the complex interplay of psychological, biological, sociobiological, and clinical risk factors is highly essential, concerning the development of effective prevention strategy plans for suicidal ideation and suicide. url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100124 doi: 10.1016/j.bbih.2020.100124 id: cord-274802-7ioiwsd8 author: Varghese, Praveen Mathews title: Host-pathogen interaction in COVID-19: Pathogenesis, potential therapeutics and vaccination strategies date: 2020-08-19 words: 19657.0 sentences: 1033.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-274802-7ioiwsd8.txt txt: ./txt/cord-274802-7ioiwsd8.txt summary: Proteomic and transcriptomic studies on bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples from COVID-19 patients have also revealed considerable insights into the expression of SARS-CoV-2 receptors, co-receptors, immune responses, as well as risk factors for severe disease e.g. age and co-morbidities. Furthermore, treatment with a recombinant C5a antibody on 2 male COVID-19 patients aged 54 and 67 years showed significant benefit in suppressing complement hyperactivation, which contributes to the excessive immune response causing aggravated inflammatory lung injury, a hallmark of SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis and lethality (242) . Consistent with endothelial injury, the significantly elevated levels of von Willebrand factor found in the patient with severe COVID-19 has led to the idea that the infection of the ACE2 expressing endothelium by SARS-CoV-2 induces injury and activates the complement , which sets up a feedback loop that maintains a state of inflammation (243, (268) (269) (270) . Initial clinical studies in China involving 100 SARS-CoV-2 infected patients, who were treated with Chloroquine, showed amelioration of pneumonia, shortened disease progression, increased resolution of lung lesions on CT, and a better virus-negative conversion (313, 314) . abstract: Abstract The current coronavirus pandemic, COVID-19, is the third outbreak of disease caused by the coronavirus family, after Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome. It is an acute infectious disease caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Virus (SARS-CoV-2). The severe disease is characterised by acute respiratory distress syndrome, septic shock, metabolic acidosis, coagulation dysfunction, and multiple organ dysfunction syndromes. Currently, no drugs or vaccine exist against the disease and the only course of treatment is symptom management involving mechanical ventilation, immune suppressants, and repurposed drugs. As such the severe form of the disease has a relatively high mortality rate. Last 6 months have seen an explosion of information related to the host receptors, virus transmission, virus structure-function relationships, pathophysiology, co-morbidities, immune response, treatment and most promising vaccines. This review takes a critically comprehensive look at various aspects of host-pathogen interaction in COVID-19. We examine genomic aspects of SARS-CoV-2, modulation of innate and adaptive immunity, complement-triggered microangiopathy, and host transmission modalities. We also examine its pathophysiological impact during pregnancy, in addition to various gaps in our knowledge. The lessons learnt from various clinical trials involving repurposed drugs have been summarised. We also highlight the rationale and likely success of the most promising vaccine candidates. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33130519/ doi: 10.1016/j.imbio.2020.152008 id: cord-276896-14zq3tln author: Vaz, Manjulika title: Public perceptions on Controlled Human Infection Model (CHIM) studies—a qualitative pilot study from South India date: 2020-10-21 words: 9350.0 sentences: 464.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-276896-14zq3tln.txt txt: ./txt/cord-276896-14zq3tln.txt summary: The scholarly article by Bambery et al (2016) , suggests four requirements for human challenge studies to be ethical ''(i) conduct independent expert reviews, including systematic reviews; (ii) ensure a publicly available rationale for the research; (iii) implement measures to protect the public from the spread of infection beyond the research setting; and (iv) develop a new system for compensation for harm'' (Bambery et al. The key strata of general public covered were males and females, youth and middle aged, members of the public belonging to specific work categories-college students, Information Technology professionals (Bangalore is the IT hub of the country), un-organized sector workers, and mid-income school teachers in the urban areas and members of women''s self-help groups, farmers collectives, community health workers and youth groups in the rural areas. For Controlled Human Infection studies with its contentious ethical positions, the value of public perceptions in identifying regulatory requirements and researcher responsibilities emerges as critical in the process of ensuring transparency and building trust. abstract: Research using Controlled Human Infection Models is yet to be attempted in India. This study was conducted to understand the perceptions of the lay public and key opinion makers prior to the possible introduction of such studies in the country. 110 respondents from urban and rural Bangalore district were interviewed using qualitative research methods of Focus Group Discussions and In-depth Interviews. The data was analyzed using grounded theory. Safety was a key concern of the lay public, expressed in terms of fear of death. The notion of infecting a healthy volunteer, the possibility of continued effects beyond the study duration and the likelihood of vulnerable populations volunteering solely for monetary benefit, were ethical concerns. Public good outcomes such as effective treatments, targeted vaccines and prevention of diseases was necessary justification for such studies. However, the comprehension of this benefit was not clear among non-medical, non-technical respondents and suggestions to seek alternatives to CHIMs repeatedly arose. There was a great deal of deflection—with each constituency feeling that people other than themselves may be ideally suited as participants. Risk takers, those without dependents, the more health and research literate, financially sound and those with an altruistic bent of mind emerged as possible CHIM volunteers. While widespread awareness and advocacy about CHIM is essential, listening to plural voices is the first step in public engagement in ethically contentious areas. Continued engagement and inclusive deliberative processes are required to redeem the mistrust of the public in research and rebuild faith in regulatory systems. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33085005/ doi: 10.1007/s40592-020-00121-1 id: cord-014533-6qfecv5h author: Velasquez, T. title: ESICM LIVES 2016: part three: Milan, Italy. 1–5 October 2016 date: 2016-09-29 words: 88380.0 sentences: 5139.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-014533-6qfecv5h.txt txt: ./txt/cord-014533-6qfecv5h.txt summary: P. Tirapu; Navarro-Guillamón, L.; Cordovilla-Guardia, S.; Iglesias-Santiago, A.; Guerrero-López, F.; Fernández-Mondéjar, E.; Vidal, A.; Perez, M.; Juez, A.; Arias, N.; Colino, L.; Perez, J. Methods: This descriptive observational study was conducted on consecutive 100 pediatric surgical patients who admitted to PSICUs at Cairo University Hospitals starting from 1/6-1/12/2015.After approval by research ethics committee,informed consents were obtained from parents and pediatric cases aged from 1 month-18 years and stayed for > 48 h were enrolled.MPV and PLC were obtained and recorded at baseline(preoperative values),on the day of ICU admission(day 0),1 st ,2 nd ,3 rd ,5 th and 7 th days.To measure daily MPV changes; (ΔMPV) was constructed and computed where ΔMPV = ([MPVday(X) − MPVday (0)]/MPVday(0) × 100 %. Results: The results obtained after analyzing the two homogeneous groups according to age, gender, type of admission and severity influencing the physiotherapy care in ICU quality indicators, in the Sagrada Esperança clinic, highlights the decrease of the average number of days with mechanical ventilation but it is not observed a significant relation between physical therapy and this indicator (p = 0:06). abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5042925/ doi: 10.1186/s40635-016-0100-7 id: cord-260605-smkr7b15 author: Vestby, Lene K. title: Bacterial Biofilm and its Role in the Pathogenesis of Disease date: 2020-02-03 words: 12145.0 sentences: 672.0 pages: flesch: 40.0 cache: ./cache/cord-260605-smkr7b15.txt txt: ./txt/cord-260605-smkr7b15.txt summary: However, the biofilm lifestyle of microorganisms were of no interest to medical microbiologists until the early 1970s when Nils Høiby observed a link between the etiology of a persistent infection and aggregates of bacteria in cystic fibrosis patients [1] . This is consistent with the experiments showing that many bacteria causing acute gallbladder infections do not form biofilms on gallstones in the presence of bile [73, 80] . This is consistent with the experiments showing that many bacteria causing acute gallbladder infections do not form biofilms on gallstones in the presence of bile [73, 80] . Several studies have detected higher incidence of Escherichia coli in patients with IBD compared to healthy individuals [90] and although biofilms were not demonstrated in vivo, the isolates were isolated from biopsies after removal of the mucosal layer, indicating adherence to the colonic epithelium and the isolates displayed biofilm forming capacity in vitro [90] . abstract: Recognition of the fact that bacterial biofilm may play a role in the pathogenesis of disease has led to an increased focus on identifying diseases that may be biofilm-related. Biofilm infections are typically chronic in nature, as biofilm-residing bacteria can be resilient to both the immune system, antibiotics, and other treatments. This is a comprehensive review describing biofilm diseases in the auditory, the cardiovascular, the digestive, the integumentary, the reproductive, the respiratory, and the urinary system. In most cases reviewed, the biofilms were identified through various imaging technics, in addition to other study approaches. The current knowledge on how biofilm may contribute to the pathogenesis of disease indicates a number of different mechanisms. This spans from biofilm being a mere reservoir of pathogenic bacteria, to playing a more active role, e.g., by contributing to inflammation. Observations also indicate that biofilm does not exclusively occur extracellularly, but may also be formed inside living cells. Furthermore, the presence of biofilm may contribute to development of cancer. In conclusion, this review shows that biofilm is part of many, probably most chronic infections. This is important knowledge for development of effective treatment strategies for such infections. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32028684/ doi: 10.3390/antibiotics9020059 id: cord-032926-mrnsaexq author: Waitz, Markus title: Application of two different nasal CPAP levels for the treatment of respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants—“The OPTTIMMAL-Trial”—Optimizing PEEP To The IMMAture Lungs: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial date: 2020-10-01 words: 6993.0 sentences: 335.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-032926-mrnsaexq.txt txt: ./txt/cord-032926-mrnsaexq.txt summary: BACKGROUND: Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) applies positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and has been shown to reduce the need for intubation and invasive mechanical ventilation in very low birth weight infants with respiratory distress syndrome. Results of a secondary analysis from a cohort study in 34 international centers that participated in a nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation trial indicate a large variation of PEEP levels used in clinical practice during neonatal resuscitation and the first 28 days of life (i.e., 3-9 cmH 2 O) [10] . The primary hypothesis of this study is that the use of a higher PEEP range in preterm infants born at 26 + 0-29 + 6 weeks gestational age (GA) receiving prophylactic nasal CPAP support after birth reduces the incidence of intubation and/or meeting predefined CPAP failure criteria within the first 120 h of life when compared to the application of a lower PEEP range. abstract: BACKGROUND: Nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) applies positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and has been shown to reduce the need for intubation and invasive mechanical ventilation in very low birth weight infants with respiratory distress syndrome. However, CPAP failure rates of 50% are reported in large randomized controlled trials. A possible explanation for these failure rates is the application of insufficient low levels of PEEP during nasal CPAP treatment to maintain adequate functional residual capacity shortly after birth. The optimum PEEP level to treat symptoms of respiratory distress in very low birth weight infants has not been assessed in clinical studies. The aim of the study is to compare two different PEEP levels during nasal CPAP treatment in preterm infants. METHODS: In this randomized multicenter trial, 216 preterm infants born at 26 + 0–29 + 6 gestational weeks will be allocated to receive a higher (6–8 cmH(2)O) or a lower (3–5 cmH(2)O) PEEP during neonatal resuscitation and the first 120 h of life. The PEEP level within each group will be titrated throughout the intervention based on the FiO(2) (fraction of inspired oxygen concentration) requirements to keep oxygenation within the target range. The primary outcome is defined as the need for intubation and mechanical ventilation for > 1 h or being not ventilated but reaching one of the two pre-defined CPAP failure criteria (FiO(2) > 0.5 for > 1 h or pCO(2) ≥ 70 mmHg in two consecutive blood gas analyses at least 2 h apart). DISCUSSION: Based on available data from the literature, the optimum level of PEEP that most effectively treats respiratory distress syndrome in preterm infants is unknown, since the majority of large clinical trials applied a wide range of PEEP levels (4–8 cmH(2)O). The rationale for our study hypothesis is that the early application of a higher PEEP level will more effectively counteract the collapsing properties of the immature and surfactant-deficient lungs and that the level of inspired oxygen may serve as a surrogate marker to guide PEEP titration. Finding the optimum noninvasive continuous distending pressure during early nasal CPAP is required to improve CPAP efficacy and as a consequence to reduce the exposure to ventilator-induced lung injury and the incidence of chronic lung disease in this vulnerable population of very preterm infants. TRIAL REGISTRATION: drks.de DRKS00019940. Registered on March 13, 2020 url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7527266/ doi: 10.1186/s13063-020-04660-0 id: cord-267006-gsevwptc author: Waltz, Jeffrey title: Improving CT-Derived Fractional Flow Reserve Analysis: A Quality Improvement Initiative date: 2020-10-07 words: 2599.0 sentences: 115.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-267006-gsevwptc.txt txt: ./txt/cord-267006-gsevwptc.txt summary: Objectives The aim of this study was to identify factors and quality improvement strategies to improve coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) studies referred for fractional flow reserve derived from CT angiography (FFRCT) analysis. To evaluate potential issues, a question and answer session with a brief didactic lecture was given by an expert cardiovascular radiologist to the CT technologists and the nursing staff, including an overview of coronary artery imaging and the purpose of performing CCTA and FFRCT at our institution. To evaluate the effect of pre-scan medication use on overall CCTA image quality at our institution, the radiology nurses were instructed to give every patient nitroglycerine and a beta-blocker, if required and not contraindicated, to achieve a heart rate of <70 and preferably <60. A second random sample of 30 CCTA cases performed during the month of November 2019 was reviewed by the same expert cardiovascular radiologist to assess for early post-intervention changes following the initial medication changes to confirm that improvement could be seen in the visual quality score. abstract: Objectives The aim of this study was to identify factors and quality improvement strategies to improve coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) studies referred for fractional flow reserve derived from CT angiography (FFRCT) analysis. Methods Thirty randomly selected CCTAs were analyzed for quality control. A uniform CCTA protocol was implemented by an in-house steering committee, emphasizing the importance of adequate heart rate control and nitroglycerine usage. Sixty additional randomly selected CCTAs were evaluated for quality at multiple time points during intervention, and FFRCT acceptance rate was analyzed at the conclusion. Results Prior to the implementation of this quality improvement program, our overall institution-specific percent acceptance rate was 76.1% for FFRCT compared to the national average of >95%. Post-intervention, this was improved to an average acceptance rate of 90% for FFRCT analysis. Conclusions Establishment and strict adherence to CCTA imaging protocols with appropriate training and adequate buy-in of CT technologists and nurses is a viable way of improving the quality of imaging and subsequent patient care. url: https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.10835 doi: 10.7759/cureus.10835 id: cord-327607-g0jtrwot author: Weinberg, Marc Scott title: Clinical Trials and Tribulations in the COVID-19 Era date: 2020-05-19 words: 4312.0 sentences: 169.0 pages: flesch: 39.0 cache: ./cache/cord-327607-g0jtrwot.txt txt: ./txt/cord-327607-g0jtrwot.txt summary: Here we describe novel approaches and work-flow adaptations to study visits, drug delivery and interim and endpoint safety and outcomes assessments to avoid sacrificing years of preparation and substantial financial investments, to work in the best interest of participants and their caregivers, and to continue on the path towards discovering disease-modifying treatments for the millions of individuals impacted by major neurocognitive disorders. Here we describe novel approaches and work-flow adaptations to study visits, drug delivery and interim and endpoint safety and outcomes assessments to avoid sacrificing years of preparation and substantial financial investments, to work in the best interest of participants and their caregivers, and to continue on the path towards discovering disease-modifying treatments for the millions of individuals impacted by major neurocognitive disorders. While some of the same challenges limiting safety / biomarker visits also apply to in-person clinical and cognitive scale administration, there is already a literature base providing at least provisional support for the validity and reliability of performing assessments via tele-neuropsychology (TeleNP), including in older adults (e.g., [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] . abstract: Advances in treating and preventing Alzheimer's disease and other neurocognitive disorders of aging arise from rigorous preclinical and clinical research, with randomized controlled treatment trials as the last and definitive test. The COVID-19 pandemic has greatly disrupted ongoing interventional studies and researchers are scrambling to find ways to safely continue this critical work amidst rapidly shifting guidelines from sponsors, institutions, and state and federal guidelines. Here we describe novel approaches and work-flow adaptations to study visits, drug delivery and interim and endpoint safety and outcomes assessments to avoid sacrificing years of preparation and substantial financial investments, to work in the best interest of participants and their caregivers, and to continue on the path towards discovering disease-modifying treatments for the millions of individuals impacted by major neurocognitive disorders. url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jagp.2020.05.016 doi: 10.1016/j.jagp.2020.05.016 id: cord-252922-cdhnlvxv author: West, Erin A. title: Corona Immunitas: study protocol of a nationwide program of SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence and seroepidemiologic studies in Switzerland date: 2020-10-24 words: 5479.0 sentences: 321.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-252922-cdhnlvxv.txt txt: ./txt/cord-252922-cdhnlvxv.txt summary: We describe here the protocol of Corona Immunitas, a centrally coordinated research program consisting of repeated cross-sectional and longitudinal seroprevalence and seroepidemiological studies conducted across several regions and populations in Switzerland, whose aim is to generate reliable data to inform policy-making. Specific aims are to: (1) estimate the number of individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 in the population with or without symptoms at several points in time; (2) compare the seroprevalence between the general population and specific subpopulations; (3) investigate the characteristics, duration, and extent of immunity after infection; (4) assess the association between participant characteristics and behaviors with their risk of infection; and (5) quantify the association between the pandemic and participants'' mental and physical health. Corona Immunitas is a research program coordinated by SSPH?, conducting longitudinal, population-based seroprevalence studies covering a number of Swiss Cantons as well as several seroepidemiological studies in specific subpopulations. abstract: OBJECTIVES: Seroprevalence studies to assess the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the general population and subgroups are key for evaluating mitigation and vaccination policies and for understanding the spread of the disease both on the national level and for comparison with the international community. METHODS: Corona Immunitas is a research program of coordinated, population-based, seroprevalence studies implemented by Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+). Over 28,340 participants, randomly selected and age-stratified, with some regional specificities will be included. Additional studies in vulnerable and highly exposed subpopulations are also planned. The studies will assess population immunological status during the pandemic. RESULTS: Phase one (first wave of pandemic) estimates from Geneva showed a steady increase in seroprevalence up to 10.8% (95% CI 8.2–13.9, n = 775) by May 9, 2020. Since June, Zurich, Lausanne, Basel City/Land, Ticino, and Fribourg recruited a total of 5973 participants for phase two thus far. CONCLUSIONS: Corona Immunitas will generate reliable, comparable, and high-quality serological and epidemiological data with extensive coverage of Switzerland and of several subpopulations, informing health policies and decision making in both economic and societal sectors. ISRCTN Registry: https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN18181860. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (10.1007/s00038-020-01494-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-020-01494-0 doi: 10.1007/s00038-020-01494-0 id: cord-349161-4899cq99 author: Whiting, Penny F title: Graphical presentation of diagnostic information date: 2008-04-11 words: 5807.0 sentences: 306.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-349161-4899cq99.txt txt: ./txt/cord-349161-4899cq99.txt summary: For diagnostic accuracy studies, measures of test performance (sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, likelihood ratios or diagnostic odds ratio) are plotted on the horizontal axis. ROC plots can be used to present the results of diagnostic systematic reviews, but differ from those used in primary studies as each point typically represents a separate study or data set within a study (individual studies may contribute more than one point). A summary ROC (SROC) curve can be estimated using one of several methods [12] [13] [14] [15] and quantifies test accuracy and the association between sensitivity and specificity based on differences between studies. A number of graphical displays aim to put results of diagnostic test evaluations into clinical context, based either on primary studies or systematic reviews. The inclusion of graphical displays, such as SROC plots or forest plots, in systematic reviews of test accuracy studies allows a visual assessment of heterogeneity between studies by showing the results from each individual study included in the review. abstract: BACKGROUND: Graphical displays of results allow researchers to summarise and communicate the key findings of their study. Diagnostic information should be presented in an easily interpretable way, which conveys both test characteristics (diagnostic accuracy) and the potential for use in clinical practice (predictive value). METHODS: We discuss the types of graphical display commonly encountered in primary diagnostic accuracy studies and systematic reviews of such studies, and systematically review the use of graphical displays in recent diagnostic primary studies and systematic reviews. RESULTS: We identified 57 primary studies and 49 systematic reviews. Fifty-six percent of primary studies and 53% of systematic reviews used graphical displays to present results. Dot-plot or box-and- whisker plots were the most commonly used graph in primary studies and were included in 22 (39%) studies. ROC plots were the most common type of plot included in systematic reviews and were included in 22 (45%) reviews. One primary study and five systematic reviews included a probability-modifying plot. CONCLUSION: Graphical displays are currently underused in primary diagnostic accuracy studies and systematic reviews of such studies. Diagnostic accuracy studies need to include multiple types of graphic in order to provide both a detailed overview of the results (diagnostic accuracy) and to communicate information that can be used to inform clinical practice (predictive value). Work is required to improve graphical displays, to better communicate the utility of a test in clinical practice and the implications of test results for individual patients. url: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2288-8-20 doi: 10.1186/1471-2288-8-20 id: cord-017955-oipail5l author: Wilkie, David A. title: The Ophthalmic Examination as It Pertains to General Ocular Toxicology: Basic and Advanced Techniques and Species-Associated Findings date: 2013-08-29 words: 12662.0 sentences: 668.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-017955-oipail5l.txt txt: ./txt/cord-017955-oipail5l.txt summary: However, if the purpose of such a study is to screen for adverse effects on any ocular tissue including, at a minimum, the adnexal structures (eyelids and conjunctiva), anterior segment (cornea, anterior chamber, iris, and lens), and posterior segment (vitreous and fundus), the following must be included: Additional procedures may be included depending on the objective of the examination. Additional examination procedures such as direct ophthalmoscopy, corneal staining, tonometry, pachymetry, fluorescein angiography, photographic documentation (anterior or posterior segment), electrodiagnostic testing, ultrasonography, OCT, and other tests may be indicated depending on the study and toxicologic effects of interest. Examples of ocular findings that may be progressive during the course of the study and Common background abnormalities will vary by species, but may include ocular trauma associated with shipping, congenital embryonic remnants such as persistent pupillary membrane (PPM) and persistent hyaloid artery (PHA), extravasation of blood in association with a PHA, corneal opacity/dystrophy, coloboma (iris, lens, choroid), cataract, micropapilla, optic nerve hypoplasia, and retinal dysplasia [1, 7-9, 11, 16-28] . abstract: Ocular toxicology pertains to toxicologic effects of drugs administered topically, intraocularly, or systemically. It should also include evaluation of adverse effects of ophthalmic devices such as contact lenses, intraocular lenses, and glaucoma implants. The ophthalmic examination is able to provide detailed in-life information and is used in combination with clinical observations, clinical pathology, and histopathology to assess potential toxicologic effects. The ophthalmologist must be familiar with the wide range of species used in the field of toxicology, be familiar with the anatomic variations associated with these species, be able to determine what is an inherited or a breed-related finding from a study-related effect, be competent with the required ophthalmic equipment, and be capable of examining this wide range of animals. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7122657/ doi: 10.1007/7653_2013_7 id: cord-290347-q6r6g7ue author: Williams, Lloyd B. title: Impact and Trends in Global Ophthalmology date: 2020-06-22 words: 5138.0 sentences: 218.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-290347-q6r6g7ue.txt txt: ./txt/cord-290347-q6r6g7ue.txt summary: A key finding of this study was that the AI system was able to identify disease in an African cohort with high sensitivity and specificity even though the system was trained on patients of Asian origin from the Singapore Integrated Diabetic Retinopathy Program. To our knowledge, a prospective study of glaucoma detection via AI has yet to be published from the setting of the developing world, though it is foreseeable that a low-cost implantation of this technology may aid eye care professionals in the early diagnosis and treatment of glaucoma (Fig. 1a) . Global estimates on the number of people blind or visually impaired by diabetic retinopathy: a meta-analysis from Incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy in sub-Saharan Africa: a five-year cohort study Artificial intelligence using deep learning to screen for referable and vision-threatening diabetic retinopathy in Africa: a clinical validation study abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Our goal is to provide a review of the impact, global estimates, and projection of vision impairment as well as ongoing systems for eye care delivery. RECENT FINDINGS: Many of the blinding diseases in developing countries are preventable or curable, but the lack of ophthalmologists, the lack of education, and the lack of access to any eye care are some of the major obstacles encountered. SUMMARY: As our world becomes more interconnected through globalization, the interactions between different cultures and populations increase. Global ophthalmology is a field dedicated to building sustainable eye care delivery systems to deliver high-quality care in minimal resource settings, with the aim of reducing blindness around the world. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32837802/ doi: 10.1007/s40135-020-00245-x id: cord-326004-wg47sd06 author: Wilson, Patrick T title: Respiratory Pathogens in Children 1 Month to 5 Years of Age Presenting With Undifferentiated Acute Respiratory Distress in 2 District-Level Hospitals in Ghana date: 2018-09-03 words: 2193.0 sentences: 103.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-326004-wg47sd06.txt txt: ./txt/cord-326004-wg47sd06.txt summary: A recently conducted prospective randomized controlled trial at 2 district-level hospitals in Ghana revealed that the use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) reduces the allcause mortality rate in children <1 year old who presented with undifferentiated acute respiratory distress [3] . In that study, nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from the children at the time of presentation and tested for common pediatric respiratory pathogens; the goal was to decrease the knowledge gap regarding the incidence of respiratory pathogens that affect children <5 years of age in low-and middle-income countries. In this report, we describe the respiratory pathogens detected in children aged 1 month to 5 years who presented to 1 of 2 district-level hospitals in Ghana with undifferentiated acute respiratory distress. Despite the limitations of this study, our results show that viral respiratory pathogens were frequent among children aged 1 month to 5 years who presented with acute respiratory distress to 1 of 2 district-level hospitals in Ghana. abstract: Ghanaian children (2176) aged <5 years who presented with undifferentiated acute respiratory distress were tested for respiratory pathogens using a BioFire FilmArray polymerase chain reaction assay. Rhinovirus and/or enterovirus was detected in 36% of the assays, respiratory syncytial virus in 11%, and parainfluenza in 7%. Respiratory syncytial virus and metapneumovirus were detected more frequently in the rainy season than in the dry season. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30189029/ doi: 10.1093/jpids/piy090 id: cord-276711-y74zr7fn author: Winthrop, Kevin L title: To immunosuppress: whom, when and how? That is the question with COVID-19 date: 2020-08-04 words: 2452.0 sentences: 114.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-276711-y74zr7fn.txt txt: ./txt/cord-276711-y74zr7fn.txt summary: 1 After a difficult March 2019 of high hospitalisation and death rates with COVID-19, on 1 April their institution started a standard protocol of treating patients with COVID-19 with high-dose methylprednisolone for 5-7 days during which time individuals not showing clinical improvement were also given the interleukin 6 (IL-6) receptor-blocking agent tocilizumab. An early observational report from China that used propensity methods to match steroid-treated COVID-19 cases to noncases suggested non-significant trends towards worse outcomes among those using 40-50 mg of methylprednisolone per day compared with those not using steroids. 19 Contrary to this study, an institutional cohort at the University of Michigan of patients with COVID-19 on mechanical ventilation suggested a strong survivor benefit for those using tocilizumab, as mortality was nearly halved, despite an increase in secondary bacterial infections. Their phase 2/3 adaptive trial first reported that in phase 2, sarilumab was not effective in patients with less severe COVID-19 pneumonia (ie, those not mechanically ventilated 27 ). abstract: nan url: https://doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-218694 doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-218694 id: cord-301393-d1duepnb author: Wolfensberger, Aline title: Implementation and evaluation of a care bundle for prevention of non-ventilator-associated hospital-acquired pneumonia (nvHAP) – a mixed-methods study protocol for a hybrid type 2 effectiveness-implementation trial date: 2020-08-17 words: 5970.0 sentences: 307.0 pages: flesch: 34.0 cache: ./cache/cord-301393-d1duepnb.txt txt: ./txt/cord-301393-d1duepnb.txt summary: title: Implementation and evaluation of a care bundle for prevention of non-ventilator-associated hospital-acquired pneumonia (nvHAP) – a mixed-methods study protocol for a hybrid type 2 effectiveness-implementation trial A longitudinal, qualitative study and formative evaluation based on interviews, focus groups, and observations identifies supporting or hindering factors for implementation success in participating departments dynamically over time. DISCUSSION: This comprehensive hybrid mixed-methods study is designed to both, measure the effectiveness of a new nvHAP prevention bundle and multifaceted implementation strategy, while also providing insights into how and why it worked or failed. This comprehensive type 2 hybrid effectivenessimplementation study aims to assess the effectiveness and success factors of both, a new prevention bundle against nvHAP and a specifically designed departmentbased multifaceted implementation strategy in a medical and surgical patient population. abstract: BACKGROUND: Hospital acquired pneumonia (HAP) is divided in two distinct groups, ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and non-ventilator-associated HAP (nvHAP). Although nvHAP occurs more frequently than VAP and results in similar mortality and costs, prevention guidelines and prevention focus almost exclusively on VAP. Scientific evidence about nvHAP prevention and its implementation is scarce. Therefore, we designed a mixed-methods hybrid type 2 effectiveness-implementation study to investigate both the effectiveness and implementation of a newly developed nvHAP prevention bundle. METHODS: This single-centre project at the 950-bed University Hospital Zurich (UHZ) will engage the wards of nine departments with substantial nvHAP rates. The nvHAP bundle consists of five primary prevention measures: 1) oral care, 2) prevention of dysphagia-related aspiration, 3) mobilization, 4) stopping unnecessary proton pump inhibitors, and, 5) respiratory therapy. Implementation includes the engagement of department-level implementation teams, who sustain the ‘core’ intervention components of education, training, and environmental restructuring and tailor the implementation strategy to local needs. Both effectiveness and implementation outcomes will be assessed using mixed-methods. As a primary outcome, nvHAP incidence rates will be analysed by Poisson regression models to compare incidence rates before, during, and after the implementation phases (on the hospital and department level). Additionally, the association between process indicators and nvHAP incidence rates will be analysed using longitudinal Poisson regression models. A longitudinal, qualitative study and formative evaluation based on interviews, focus groups, and observations identifies supporting or hindering factors for implementation success in participating departments dynamically over time. This accumulating implementation experience will be constantly fed back to the implementation teams and thus, represents an active implementation element. DISCUSSION: This comprehensive hybrid mixed-methods study is designed to both, measure the effectiveness of a new nvHAP prevention bundle and multifaceted implementation strategy, while also providing insights into how and why it worked or failed. The results of this study may contribute substantially to advancing knowledge and patient safety in the area of a rediscovered healthcare-associated infection - nvHAP. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03361085. Registered December 2017. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32807090/ doi: 10.1186/s12879-020-05271-5 id: cord-291851-xesef17i author: Wong, Yu-Jun title: A systematic review and meta-analysis of the COVID-19 associated liver injury date: 2020-08-31 words: 4382.0 sentences: 275.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-291851-xesef17i.txt txt: ./txt/cord-291851-xesef17i.txt summary: Our meta-analysis aims to compare the risks and clinical outcomes of COVID-19 associated liver injury among adults with severe and non-severe COVID-19. The objective of this meta-analysis is to compare the risk and clinical outcome of COVID-19 associated liver injury between COVID-19 patients with severe and non-severe COVID-19. In this meta-analysis, we included all studies that met the following inclusion criteria: (1) population: adult patients infected with the COVID-19, (2) reported outcome data on liver enzymes derangement (3) reported outcome data on the risk or severity of liver injury between severe and non-severe COVID-19. We extracted data on the demographic of study populations (age, gender, sample size, the proportion of subjects with baseline chronic liver disease and the use of Lopinavir/ritonavir) as well as the pattern of COVID-19 associated liver injury (ALT, AST, bilirubin, albumin and GGT) from all included studies. and performed a meta-analysis on the severity and risk of COVID-19 associated liver injury in these patients. abstract: INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected more than 5 million people globally. Data on the prevalence and degree of COVID-19 associated liver injury among patients with COVID-19 remain limited. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the prevalence and degree of liver injury between patients with severe and non-severe COVID-19. METHODS: We performed a systematic search of three electronic databases (PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Library), from inception to 24(th) April 2020. We included all adult human studies (>20 subjects) regardless of language, region or publication date or status. We assessed the pooled odds ratio (OR), mean difference (MD) and 95% confidence interval (95%CI) using the random-effects model. RESULTS: Among 1543 citations, there were 24 studies (5961 subjects) which fulfilled our inclusion criteria. The pooled odds ratio for elevated ALT (OR = 2.5, 95%CI: 1.6-3.7, I(2) = 57%), AST (OR = 3.4, 95%CI: 2.3-5.0, I(2) = 56%), hyperbilirubinemia (OR = 1.7, 95%CI: 1.2-2.5, I(2) = 0%) and hypoalbuminemia (OR = 7.1, 95%CI: 2.1-24.1, I(2) = 71%) were higher subjects in critical COVID-19. CONCLUSION: COVID-19 associated liver injury is more common in severe COVID-19 than non-severe COVID-19. Physicians should be aware of possible progression to severe disease in subjects with COVID-19-associated liver injury. url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S1665268120301617 doi: 10.1016/j.aohep.2020.08.064 id: cord-030679-27qrlapp author: Yamamoto, Ryo title: Oxygen administration in patients recovering from cardiac arrest: a narrative review date: 2020-08-12 words: 4288.0 sentences: 239.0 pages: flesch: 37.0 cache: ./cache/cord-030679-27qrlapp.txt txt: ./txt/cord-030679-27qrlapp.txt summary: In this review, we described the concept of brain injury following CA, the pathophysiology of hyperoxia, clinical studies of hyperoxia, the practical adjustment of oxygen administration, and ventilatory strategies for resuscitated patients. Although extensive research on improvement of clinical outcomes of patients recovering from CA has been conducted, the literature regarding post-cardiac arrest care practices to prevent neuronal cell dysfunction is limited [20] [21] [22] [23] . [8] conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of eight retrospective studies, including those we mentioned above, and revealed that hyperoxia, defined as PaO 2 > 300 mmHg, correlated with increased in-hospital mortality (OR: 1.40 [1.02-1.93]), compared with normoxia. Several retrospective studies, a prospective observational study, and two systematic reviews demonstrated that exposure to PaO 2 > 300 mmHg during post-CA care is associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes, although the results are inconsistent. Study of Oxygen in Critical Care (SOCC) Group Arterial hyperoxia and in-hospital mortality after resuscitation from cardiac arrest abstract: High oxygen tension in blood and/or tissue affects clinical outcomes in several diseases. Thus, the optimal target PaO(2) for patients recovering from cardiac arrest (CA) has been extensively examined. Many patients develop hypoxic brain injury after the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC); this supports the need for oxygen administration in patients after CA. Insufficient oxygen delivery due to decreased blood flow to cerebral tissue during CA results in hypoxic brain injury. By contrast, hyperoxia may increase dissolved oxygen in the blood and, subsequently, generate reactive oxygen species that are harmful to neuronal cells. This secondary brain injury is particularly concerning. Although several clinical studies demonstrated that hyperoxia during post-CA care was associated with poor neurological outcomes, considerable debate is ongoing because of inconsistent results. Potential reasons for the conflicting results include differences in the definition of hyperoxia, the timing of exposure to hyperoxia, and PaO(2) values used in analyses. Despite the conflicts, exposure to PaO(2) > 300 mmHg through administration of unnecessary oxygen should be avoided because no obvious benefit has been demonstrated. The feasibility of titrating oxygen administration by targeting SpO(2) at approximately 94% in patients recovering from CA has been demonstrated in pilot randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Such protocols should be further examined. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7419438/ doi: 10.1186/s40560-020-00477-w id: cord-263322-y4htkvux author: Yang, Jun title: Association between genetic polymorphisms and osteonecrosis in steroid treatment populations: a detailed stratified and dose-response meta-analysis date: 2019-05-14 words: 4421.0 sentences: 233.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-263322-y4htkvux.txt txt: ./txt/cord-263322-y4htkvux.txt summary: title: Association between genetic polymorphisms and osteonecrosis in steroid treatment populations: a detailed stratified and dose-response meta-analysis The studies were included in our meta-analysis if they met the following criteria: (1) case-control or cohort studies comparing a population that suffered SONFH with a population that did not suffer after steroid treatment, (2) studies assessing the associations between genetic polymorphisms and SONFH, and (3) studies reporting the frequencies of specific alleles or the effect sizes of individual genotypes between cases and controls. First, the present study found that the ABCB1 rs1045642 mutation has a protective effect on SONFH, and the risk will be further reduced with increasing cumulative steroid dosage. Genetic association of the P-glycoprotein gene ABCB1 polymorphisms with the risk for steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head in Chinese population abstract: Steroid treatment has become recognized as an important risk factor for avascular osteonecrosis of the femoral head. However, not all patients who receive long-term, high-dose steroids develop osteonecrosis, indicating that there are individual differences in occurrence. We explored the relationship between polymorphisms and steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (SONFH) incidence with variables. We used a multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression model, which is an expansion of logistic regression, for each type of steroid, primary disease, drug dose, applied duration, and single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). We also conducted a dose-response meta-analysis to analyze the cumulative dosage and SONFH risk in mutation carriers. There were significant correlations between the ABCB1 rs1045642 mutant and SONFH in the prednisone-use and methylprednisolone/prednisone-use populations. The ABCB1 rs2032582 mutant homozygote had a protective effect in the methylprednisolone/prednisolone renal transplant population. For ApoB rs693, mutation increased the incidence of SONFH in prednisone-use and methylprednisolone/prednisolone-use populations and renal transplant patients. For ApoB rs1042031, mutation increased the risk of SONFH in the prednisone-use population. The PAI-1 rs1799768 mutation had a protective effect on the SONFH risk prednisone-use and renal transplant populations. ABCB1 rs1045642 mutations have a protective effect against SONFH, and ApoB rs693 and rs1042031 increase the SONFH risk. Cumulative dosage and treatment duration had little effect on the results. In addition, there was a dose-effect correlation in ABCB1 rs1045642 and rs2032582 mutation carriers. url: https://doi.org/10.1042/bsr20190024 doi: 10.1042/bsr20190024 id: cord-265723-6k8196p2 author: Yu, Chengjun title: Evaluation of safety, efficacy, tolerability, and treatment-related outcomes of type I interferons for Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) infection in clinical practice: An updated critical systematic review and meta-analysis date: 2020-06-25 words: 2622.0 sentences: 136.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-265723-6k8196p2.txt txt: ./txt/cord-265723-6k8196p2.txt summary: title: Evaluation of safety, efficacy, tolerability, and treatment-related outcomes of type I interferons for Human coronaviruses (HCoVs) infection in clinical practice: An updated critical systematic review and meta-analysis Therefore, we conducted this updated systematic review and meta-analysis to recapitulate relevant studies to evaluate the safety, efficacy, tolerability and treatment-related outcomes of type I IFNs for coronavirus infection in clinical practice, with expectation to provide more robust evidence whether IFNs should be served as first-line agents for coronavirus infection, including the SARS-CoV-2. Each included article was thoroughly reviewed, and the following baseline information were extracted (Table 1) : first author, publication year, region, study type, participants, diagnostic method of coronavirus, data collection method, time from admission to treatment start, time from diagnosis to treatment start, primary endpoints, and treatment-related adverse effects. Critically ill defined as coronavirus-infected patients with other severe comorbidities, respiratory distress or failure, directly or indirectly transferred to ICU, needing intubation, mechanical ventilation, or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), when admitted to primary treatment. abstract: BACKGROUND: There is no vaccine or specific antiviral treatment for HCoVs infection. The use of type I interferons for coronavirus is still under great debate in clinical practice. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature search of all relevant studies published on PubMed, Cochrane library, Web of Science database, Science Direct, Wanfang Data, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) until February 2020 was performed. RESULTS: Of the 1081 identified articles, only 15 studies were included in the final analysis. Comorbidities and delay in diagnosis were significantly associated with case mortality. Type I interferons seem to improve respiratory distress, relieve lung abnormalities, present better saturation, reduce needs for supplemental oxygen support. Type I interferons seem to be well tolerated, and don’t increase life threating adverse effects. Data on IFNs in HCoVs are limited, heterogenous and mainly observational. CONCLUSIONS: Current data do not allow making regarding robust commendations for the use of IFNs in HCoVs in general or in specific subtype. But we still recommend type I interferons serving as first-line antivirals in HCoVs infections within local protocols, and interferons may be adopted to the treatments of the SARS-CoV-2 as well. Well-designed large-scale prospective randomized control trials are greatly needed to provide more robust evidence on this topic. url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1567576920315526?v=s5 doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106740 id: cord-265139-x7g3jcjm author: Zaiou, Mohamed title: The Emerging Role and Promise of Circular RNAs in Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders date: 2020-06-16 words: 8180.0 sentences: 440.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-265139-x7g3jcjm.txt txt: ./txt/cord-265139-x7g3jcjm.txt summary: There is also growing evidence that circRNAs are closely linked to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), a disorder that is caused by a plethora of factors including hepatic lipid accumulation, adipose tissue and mitochondrial dysfunction, a high-fat diet, obesity, a chronic inflammatory state, insulin resistance (IR), and genetic and epigenetic factors [48, 55] . In addition to classical epigenetic modifications, a variety of ncRNAs have been uncovered in different cells and organs including adipose tissues, many of which are involved in the regulation of adipogenesis and other metabolic processes implying their role in the etiology of obesity [69] . Emerging evidence from in vitro and in vivo animal studies suggest that circRNAs are expressed in adipose tissues and may modulate adipogenesis and lipid metabolism. Collectively, the results from the above studies demonstrate that several circRNAs are differentially expressed in adipose tissue and support a significant role of these RNA species in the regulatory networks of adipogenesis. abstract: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are genome transcripts that are produced from back-splicing of specific regions of pre-mRNA. These single-stranded RNA molecules are widely expressed across diverse phyla and many of them are stable and evolutionary conserved between species. Growing evidence suggests that many circRNAs function as master regulators of gene expression by influencing both transcription and translation processes. Mechanistically, circRNAs are predicted to act as endogenous microRNA (miRNA) sponges, interact with functional RNA-binding proteins (RBPs), and associate with elements of the transcriptional machinery in the nucleus. Evidence is mounting that dysregulation of circRNAs is closely related to the occurrence of a range of diseases including cancer and metabolic diseases. Indeed, there are several reports implicating circRNAs in cardiovascular diseases (CVD), diabetes, hypertension, and atherosclerosis. However, there is very little research addressing the potential role of these RNA transcripts in the occurrence and development of obesity. Emerging data from in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that circRNAs are novel players in adipogenesis, white adipose browning, obesity, obesity-induced inflammation, and insulin resistance. This study explores the current state of knowledge on circRNAs regulating molecular processes associated with adipogenesis and obesity, highlights some of the challenges encountered while studying circRNAs and suggests some perspectives for future research directions in this exciting field of study. url: https://doi.org/10.3390/cells9061473 doi: 10.3390/cells9061473 id: cord-012778-yr8zuvw9 author: Zhang, Lei title: Quantitative efficacy of three antipsychotic drugs for schizophrenia based on a real-world study in China date: 2019-08-06 words: 5055.0 sentences: 262.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-012778-yr8zuvw9.txt txt: ./txt/cord-012778-yr8zuvw9.txt summary: We quantified the time course of PSP improvement in patients after treatment with these three antipsychotics: olanzapine, risperidone, and aripiprazole reached an E(max) value of 80.3%, 68.2%, and 23.9% at weeks 56.7, 29.2, and 36.8, respectively. In addition, quantitative information on the long-term social functioning of schizophrenic patients treated with SGAs is scarce in current clinical practice [12, 13] , and the available information does not reflect the differences in therapeutic efficacies between various drugs. Using data from the Study of Long-term Outcomes for Schizophrenia by Atypical Antipsychotic Treatment in China (SALT-C) study, which is a multicenter, real-world clinical study, we examined the differences in efficacy between three antipsychotics (olanzapine, risperidone, and aripiprazole) to provide a guide for clinicians when choosing an antipsychotic for the individualized treatment of schizophrenia. The SALT-C study was registered at https://www.clinicaltrials.gov (identifier: NCT02640911) and produced a large data set of real-world schizophrenia patients in China recruited in an open-label 3-year follow-up clinical trial of widely used atypical antipsychotics. abstract: Atypical antipsychotics exert remarkable long-term efficacy on the personal and social functions of schizophrenic patients. However, quantitative information on the social function of schizophrenic patients treated with atypical antipsychotics is scarce in the current clinical guidelines. In this study, we established pharmacodynamic models to quantify the time–efficacy relationship of three antipsychotic drugs based on the data from a real-world study conducted in China. A total of 373 schizophrenic patients who received antipsychotic monotherapy with olanzapine (n = 144), risperidone (n = 160), or aripiprazole (n = 69) were selected from a three-year prospective, multicenter study. The follow-up times were 13, 26, 52, 78, 104, 130, and 156 weeks after baseline. A time–efficacy model was developed with nonlinear mixed effect method based on changes in Personal and Social Performance (PSP) score compared with the baseline level. Crucial pharmacodynamic parameters, including maximum efficacy and drug onset time, were used to distinguish the efficacy of the three drugs. We quantified the time course of PSP improvement in patients after treatment with these three antipsychotics: olanzapine, risperidone, and aripiprazole reached an E(max) value of 80.3%, 68.2%, and 23.9% at weeks 56.7, 29.2, and 36.8, respectively. General psychotic symptoms, onset frequency, and illness course were identified as significant factors affecting the efficacy of these drugs. The newly constructed models provide an evidence of the benefit of long-term maintenance therapy with atypical antipsychotics in individualized schizophrenia treatment in China. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7470854/ doi: 10.1038/s41401-019-0285-x id: cord-316126-j51dik7f author: Zhang, X. Sophie title: SARS-CoV-2 and Health Care Worker Protection in Low-Risk Settings: a Review of Modes of Transmission and a Novel Airborne Model Involving Inhalable Particles date: 2020-10-28 words: 12434.0 sentences: 576.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-316126-j51dik7f.txt txt: ./txt/cord-316126-j51dik7f.txt summary: title: SARS-CoV-2 and Health Care Worker Protection in Low-Risk Settings: a Review of Modes of Transmission and a Novel Airborne Model Involving Inhalable Particles Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been intense debate over SARS-CoV-2''s mode of transmission and appropriate personal protective equipment for health care workers in low-risk settings. This review attempts to summarize current cumulative data on SARS-CoV-2''s modes of transmission and identify gaps in research while offering preliminary answers to the question on everyone''s mind: is the airborne route significant and should we modify our COVID-19 PPE recommendations for frontline workers in low-risk settings? Given that substantial disagreement persists on the importance of natural aerosol generation by COVID-19 patients, and consequently, the necessary level of respiratory protection in non-AGP contexts, our review will focus on transmission and PPE in low-risk health care settings. abstract: Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, there has been intense debate over SARS-CoV-2’s mode of transmission and appropriate personal protective equipment for health care workers in low-risk settings. The objective of this review is to identify and appraise the available evidence (clinical trials and laboratory studies on masks and respirators, epidemiological studies, and air sampling studies), clarify key concepts and necessary conditions for airborne transmission, and shed light on knowledge gaps in the field. We find that, except for aerosol-generating procedures, the overall data in support of airborne transmission—taken in its traditional definition (long-distance and respirable aerosols)—are weak, based predominantly on indirect and experimental rather than clinical or epidemiological evidence. Consequently, we propose a revised and broader definition of “airborne,” going beyond the current droplet and aerosol dichotomy and involving short-range inhalable particles, supported by data targeting the nose as the main viral receptor site. This new model better explains clinical observations, especially in the context of close and prolonged contacts between health care workers and patients, and reconciles seemingly contradictory data in the SARS-CoV-2 literature. The model also carries important implications for personal protective equipment and environmental controls, such as ventilation, in health care settings. However, further studies, especially clinical trials, are needed to complete the picture. url: https://doi.org/10.1128/cmr.00184-20 doi: 10.1128/cmr.00184-20 id: cord-351530-crsii3pu author: Zhao, Fuqiang title: Caring for the Caregiver during COVID-19 Outbreak: Does Inclusive Leadership Improve Psychological Safety and Curb Psychological Distress? A Cross-sectional Study date: 2020-07-30 words: 8982.0 sentences: 453.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-351530-crsii3pu.txt txt: ./txt/cord-351530-crsii3pu.txt summary: DESIGN: Cross-Sectional Study with Temporal Separation SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTS: The researchers recruited 451 on-duty registered nurses from 5 hospitals providing patient care during the highly infectious phase of COVID-19 in January 2020 in Wuhan city, the epicentre of the outbreak in China METHODS: After obtaining permission from hospital administration, data were collected through an online questionnaire survey in three stages with temporal separation to avoid common method bias. Multi-group analysis results indicate no significant differences between respondents based on these control variables CONCLUSIONS: Recurring or prolonged experiences of stress and anxiety at the workplace, without a mechanism to counter such effects, can culminate into psychological distress. Inclusive leadership is one of the positive leadership styles studied in this paper due to its impact on the psychological distress of nurses working during the COVID-19 epidemic. abstract: BACKGROUND: Public health emergencies and epidemics shatter the assumptions of the world as a safe place. Healthcare workers are at the forefront of such pressures resulting from a persistent threat to their safety and well being. It is therefore important to study such mechanisms that can influence and predict the psychological distress of nurses OBJECTIVES: While there is an increasing number of studies on positive outcomes of leadership styles, their influence on curbing unwanted adverse outcomes is scarce. This study aims to observe the influence of an inclusive leadership style on psychological distress while assessing the mediating role of psychological safety. It uses the theoretical lens of job demands-resources theory and the theory of shattered assumptions to develop and test hypotheses. DESIGN: Cross-Sectional Study with Temporal Separation SETTINGS AND PARTICIPANTS: The researchers recruited 451 on-duty registered nurses from 5 hospitals providing patient care during the highly infectious phase of COVID-19 in January 2020 in Wuhan city, the epicentre of the outbreak in China METHODS: After obtaining permission from hospital administration, data were collected through an online questionnaire survey in three stages with temporal separation to avoid common method bias. Partial least square structural equation modelling was used to analyze data. The study controlled for effects of age, gender, experience, working hours and education. RESULTS: Hypothesized relationships proved significant. Inclusive leadership has an inverse relationship with psychological distress with a strong path-coefficient. Psychological safety mediates the relationship between inclusive leadership and psychological distress while explaining 28.6% variance. Multi-group analysis results indicate no significant differences between respondents based on these control variables CONCLUSIONS: Recurring or prolonged experiences of stress and anxiety at the workplace, without a mechanism to counter such effects, can culminate into psychological distress. Inclusive leadership style can serve as such a mechanism to curb psychological distress for healthcare workers by creating a psychologically safe environment. url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103725 doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2020.103725 id: cord-004385-xna32qve author: Zhou, Yuqing title: Use of corticosteroids in influenza-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome and severe pneumonia: a systemic review and meta-analysis date: 2020-02-20 words: 4494.0 sentences: 234.0 pages: flesch: 39.0 cache: ./cache/cord-004385-xna32qve.txt txt: ./txt/cord-004385-xna32qve.txt summary: title: Use of corticosteroids in influenza-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome and severe pneumonia: a systemic review and meta-analysis We obtained the following data: (a) characteristics of studies (design, setting, country, period, methodological details for quality assessment); (b) characteristics of participants (demographics, co-morbid illnesses, disease severity, numbers in each group, influenza virus type); (c) characteristics of interventions (type, dose, timing and duration of corticosteroid use); and (d) outcomes. Another study reporting the result of 62 patients with acute respiratory failure due to influenza showed no statistically significant difference between low dose and high dose corticosteroid therapy (8/19 versus 7/19, p > 0.05) 16 . The overall findings of this meta-analysis indicated that patients with pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome who were administered corticosteroids had significantly higher mortality and incidence of nosocomial infection but the use of corticosteroids did not influence the length of hospital stay. abstract: Influenza-related severe pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are severe threats to human health. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of systematic corticosteroid therapy in patients with pneumonia or ARDS. The PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science and SCOPUS databases were searched up to July, 2019. Nineteen studies including 6637 individuals were identified, and fifteen studies (6427 patients) were included in the meta-analysis of mortality. Eighteen were observational studies and one was a randomized controlled trial (RCT). The meta-analysis results showed that corticosteroid therapy was associated with significantly higher mortality (OR 1.53, 95% CI [1.16, 2.01]) and incidence of nosocomial infection (OR 3.15, 95% CI [1.54, 6.45]). Subgroup analysis showed that among patients with unadjusted estimates, the odds of mortality were higher in patients receiving corticosteroid treatment (OR 1.98, 95% CI [1.23, 3.17]), however, among patients with adjusted estimates, the result showed no statistically significant difference between corticosteroid group and control group (OR 1.31, 95% CI [0.95, 1.80]). Current data do not support the routine use of corticosteroids in patients with influenza severe pneumonia or ARDS. RCTs are needed to provide more robust evidence. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7033254/ doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-59732-7 id: cord-286411-7sgr29xx author: Zhou, Zibanai title: Critical shifts in the global tourism industry: perspectives from Africa date: 2020-10-06 words: 12278.0 sentences: 563.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-286411-7sgr29xx.txt txt: ./txt/cord-286411-7sgr29xx.txt summary: Drawing upon a sample of thirty tourism experts in southern Africa, the critical shifts were identified and key among them include BRICS, terrorism, ageing population, and trophy hunting, are increasingly framing a new narrative for the future growth trajectory of the international tourism industry''s value chain in the context of Africa. Whilst acknowledging the diverse and richness of the current international tourism body of literature, the current study argues that very little attempts have been made to explore the policy and product development implications of the constructs of BRICS, terrorism, ageing population and trophy hunting in the context of Africa. Looking into the future, there is substantial room for growth in Africa''s travel and tourism market, particularly in light of current sectoral growth patterns, as international tourists are increasingly interested in developing countries as travel destinations, provide the region properly align its tourism sector to dynamics obtaining in the marketplace. abstract: The study investigates critical shifts impacting the international tourism space in contemporary times. Furthermore, the current study examines tourism policies and product development challenges faced by tourist regions as a consequence of market dynamics. Drawing upon a sample of thirty tourism experts in southern Africa, the critical shifts were identified and key among them include BRICS, terrorism, ageing population, and trophy hunting, are increasingly framing a new narrative for the future growth trajectory of the international tourism industry’s value chain in the context of Africa. A conclusion is reached that to attain long term sustainable development of the sunrise multi-trillion dollar industry, it is critical that tourism operators re-set and deploy sharpened strategies which are in synch with the realities obtaining in the broader operating environment. Policy recommendations and managerial implications are proffered. url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-020-10297-y doi: 10.1007/s10708-020-10297-y id: cord-336306-hvy9ukhh author: Zhu, Jieyun title: Clinical characteristics of 3,062 COVID‐19 patients: a meta‐analysis date: 2020-04-15 words: 2114.0 sentences: 152.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-336306-hvy9ukhh.txt txt: ./txt/cord-336306-hvy9ukhh.txt summary: The inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) Cohort studies, case-control studies and case series studies; (2) The study population included individuals diagnosed with COVID-19; (3) The primary outcomes were: clinical symptoms, signs, laboratory and imaging results; the secondary outcomes were the incidence of respiratory failure(RF) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), fatality rate, etc. The exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) Overlapping or duplicate studies; (2) The epidemiological analysis with only secondary outcomes such as fatality rate, without the primary outcomes; (3) Had no clinical indicators or lacking necessary data; (4) Case reports and studies with a sample size less than 10. After a detailed assessment based on the inclusion criteria, 38 studies involving 3 062 COVID-19 patients were included in this meta-analysis ( Fig. 1 ). There were 8 studies reported the incidence of RF or ARDS in COVID-19 patients.The random-effects model was used in the meta-analysis, which showed that the incidence of RF or ARDS was 19.5% (95%CI 5% -40.3%) ( Table 3 ). abstract: OBJECTIVE: We aim to systematically review the clinical characteristics of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19). METHODS: Seven datebases were searched to collect studies about the clinical characteristics of COVID‐19 from 1 January 2020 to 28 February 2020. Then, meta‐analysis was performed by using Stata12.0 software. RESULTS: A total of 38 studies involving 3 062 COVID‐19 patients were included. Meta‐analysis showed that a higher proportion of infected patients were male (56.9%). The incidence rate of respiratory failure or ARDS was 19.5% and the fatality rate was 5.5%. Fever (80.4%), fatigue (46%), cough (63.1%) and expectoration (41.8%) were the most common clinical manifestations. Other common symptoms included muscle soreness (33%), anorexia (38.8%), chest tightness (35.7%), shortness of breath (35%), dyspnea (33.9%). Minor symptoms included nausea and vomiting (10.2%), diarrhea (12.9%), headache (15.4%), pharyngalgia(13.1%), shivering (10.9%) and abdominal pain (4.4%). Patients with asymptomatic was 11.9%. Normal leukocytes counts (69.7%), lymphopenia (56.5%), elevated C‐reactive protein levels (73.6%), elevated ESR (65.6%) and oxygenation index decreased (63.6%) were observed in most patients. About 37.2% of patients with elevated D‐dimer, 25.9% of patients with leukopenia, along with abnormal levels of liver function (29%) and renal function (25.5%). Other findings included leukocytosis (12.6%) and elevated procalcitonin (17.5%). Only 25.8% of patients had lesions involving single lung and 75.7% of patients had lesions involving bilateral lungs. CONCLUSIONS: The most commonly experienced symptoms of COVID‐19 patients were fever, fatigue, cough and expectoration. A relatively small percentage of patients were asymptomatic. Most patients showed normal leucocytes counts, lymphopenia, elevated levels of C‐reactive protein and ESR. Bilateral lungs involvement was common. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. url: https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25884 doi: 10.1002/jmv.25884 id: cord-000083-3p81yr4n author: nan title: Poster Exhibition date: 2009-01-31 words: 112815.0 sentences: 7542.0 pages: flesch: 56.0 cache: ./cache/cord-000083-3p81yr4n.txt txt: ./txt/cord-000083-3p81yr4n.txt summary: R. China Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the early virologic response for prediction of achievement of HBeAg seroconversion and hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA negativity after two years of lamivudine treatment in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Methods: A total of 620 patients who tested positive for hepatitis B surface antigen and were referred to Chiba University Hospital between February 1985 and March 2008 were included in the study, and their following characteristics were analyzed: age, gender, the status of HBeAg, ALT, HBV-DNA level, and PLT. Methods: A total of 60 patients with chronic hepatitis B, 32 (53.3%) were HBeAg positive (group A) while 28(46.7%) were HBeAg negative (group B) were included in this study after meeting the following criteria: age 18 to 60 years, HBsAg positive for more than 6 months, serum HBV-DNA was >5 log(10) copies/mL and ALT more than two times the upper normal limit. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2712310/ doi: 10.1007/s12072-009-9123-4 id: cord-000718-7whai7nr author: nan title: ESP Abstracts 2012 date: 2012-08-22 words: 166497.0 sentences: 12847.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-000718-7whai7nr.txt txt: ./txt/cord-000718-7whai7nr.txt summary: Method: We analyzed consecutive gastric cancer cases in terms of AMACR immunohistochemical expression and clinical/pathological characteristics and followed patients'' postoperative history. Results: Histological, immunohistochemical and molecular examination revealed non-neoplastic lymphadenopathy with atypical paracortical T-cell hyperplasia with immunoblastic reaction in the former and burnt-out histiocytic pattern in the latter, both falling into a broad spectrum of reactive lymph node changes associated with Still''s disease. Method: We have thus collected, from our two Institutions a large number (45 cases) of cancers showing the histological definition of adenosquamous carcinomas according to the WHO criteria and performed gene analysis for k-RAS (codons 12, 13) and EGFR (codons 18, 19 and 21) mutations. Objective: We previously identified amplified fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGFR1) as a therapeutic target for small molecule inhibitor (SMI) therapy in squamous cell lung cancer (L-SCC), resulting in currently running clinical trials treating patients with stage III disease. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3400751/ doi: 10.1007/s00428-012-1284-1 id: cord-000977-ka4261wc author: nan title: ECR 2013 Book of Abstracts - B - Scientific Sessions date: 2013-03-07 words: 132895.0 sentences: 8080.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-000977-ka4261wc.txt txt: ./txt/cord-000977-ka4261wc.txt summary: Methods and Materials: Mean attenuation, contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at abdominal aorta, right renal artery (RRA) and left renal artery (LRA) were measured in 24 kidney donors who had undergone CTA with tube current modulation, 120 kVp, filtered back projection reconstruction algorithm (Group A) and were compared with 24 BMI-matched kidney donors who had undergone CTA with automated kVp selection and SAFIRE (Group B Purpose: Cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) is a common cause of cognitive impairment. Overall average score of SSF reconstructed segments was significantly higher compared with STD reconstruction ( Purpose: To evaluate the feasibility and imaging quality of double prospectively ECG-triggered high-pitch spiral acquisition mode for coronary computed tomography angiography (CTCA) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3666652/ doi: 10.1007/s13244-013-0228-x id: cord-001221-due9tloa author: nan title: ECR 2014, Part A date: 2014-02-27 words: 107848.0 sentences: 5493.0 pages: flesch: 40.0 cache: ./cache/cord-001221-due9tloa.txt txt: ./txt/cord-001221-due9tloa.txt summary: In short: obtaining samples for making an accurate diagnosis and also to know more about its specific biology (biomarkers); IR covers any possibility needed for vascular access; percutaneous needle ablation is the best alternative in selected patients; endovascular embolisation with "vehiculisation" of therapies is an outstanding method for selective treatment, and sometimes precise ablation, of different tumors; IR is a unique way to offer palliation in a wide range of tumoral complications, such as embolisation for bleeding, stenting for vein obstructions or drainage of fluid collections. CT may be useful for osteoid osteoma and MRI is the best imaging technique for further diagnosis and staging by displaying tumour composition and extent of bone marrow involvement, including skip lesions, presence and extent of extraosseous soft tissue mass, and involvement of neurovascular bundle, muscle compartments and adjacent joint. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3948175/ doi: 10.1007/s13244-014-0316-6 id: cord-001835-0s7ok4uw author: nan title: Abstracts of the 29th Annual Symposium of The Protein Society date: 2015-10-01 words: 138514.0 sentences: 6150.0 pages: flesch: 40.0 cache: ./cache/cord-001835-0s7ok4uw.txt txt: ./txt/cord-001835-0s7ok4uw.txt summary: Altogether, these results indicate that, although PHDs might be more selective for HIF as a substrate as it was initially thought, the enzymatic activity of the prolyl hydroxylases is possibly influenced by a number of other proteins that can directly bind to PHDs. Non-natural aminoacids via the MIO-enzyme toolkit Alina Filip 1 , Judith H Bartha-V ari 1 , Gergely B an oczy 2 , L aszl o Poppe 2 , Csaba Paizs 1 , Florin-Dan Irimie 1 1 Biocatalysis and Biotransformation Research Group, Department of Chemistry, UBB, 2 Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology An attractive enzymatic route to enantiomerically pure to the highly valuable a-or b-aromatic amino acids involves the use of aromatic ammonia lyases (ALs) and aminomutases (AMs). Continuing our studies of the effect of like-charged residues on protein-folding mechanisms, in this work, we investigated, by means of NMR spectroscopy and molecular-dynamics simulations, two short fragments of the human Pin1 WW domain [hPin1(14-24); hPin1(15-23)] and one single point mutation system derived from hPin1(14-24) in which the original charged residues were replaced with non-polar alanine residues. abstract: nan url: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/pro.2823 doi: 10.1002/pro.2823 id: cord-002774-tpqsjjet author: nan title: Section II: Poster Sessions date: 2017-12-01 words: 83515.0 sentences: 5162.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-002774-tpqsjjet.txt txt: ./txt/cord-002774-tpqsjjet.txt summary: Results: The CHIP Framework The CHIP framework aims to improve the health and wellness of the urban communities served by St. Josephs Health Centre through four intersecting pillars: • Raising Community Voices provides an infrastructure and process that supports community stakeholder input into health care service planning, decision-making, and delivery by the hospital and across the continuum of care; • Sharing Reciprocal Capacity promotes healthy communities through the sharing of our intellectual and physical capacity with our community partners; • Cultivating Integration Initiatives facilitates vertical, horizontal, and intersectoral integration initiatives in support of community-identified needs and gaps; and • Facilitating Healthy Exchange develops best practices in community integration through community-based research, and facilitates community voice in informing public policy. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5711696/ doi: 10.1093/jurban/jti137 id: cord-003532-lcgeingz author: nan title: 39th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine: Brussels, Belgium, 19-22 March 2019 date: 2019-03-19 words: 79997.0 sentences: 5146.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-003532-lcgeingz.txt txt: ./txt/cord-003532-lcgeingz.txt summary: It''s proposed to evaluate the association between myocardial injury biomarkers, high-sensitive troponin T (hs-cTnT) and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-ProBNP), with inflammatory mediators (IL-6, IL-1Β , IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 / IL-23p40, IL17A, IL-21 and TNF-α ) and biomarkers, C protein reactive (CPR) and procalcitonin (PCT), in septic patients Methods: This was a prospective cohort study performed in three intensive care units, from September 2007 to September 2010 enrolling patients with sepsis (infection associated with organ dysfunction), and septic shock (hypotension refractory by fluids infusion requiring vasopressor). Blood samples were collected up to 48h after the development of first organ dysfunction (D0) and on the 7th day after inclusion in the study (D7) Results: Ninety-five patients were enrolled, with median age 64 years (interquatile?48-78), APACHE II: median 19 (14-22), SOFA: median 8 (5-10); 24.2% were admitted in ICU with sepsis and 75.8% with septic shock. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6423782/ doi: 10.1186/s13054-019-2358-0 id: cord-004534-jqm1hxps author: nan title: Abstract date: 2009-06-09 words: 139023.0 sentences: 6450.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-004534-jqm1hxps.txt txt: ./txt/cord-004534-jqm1hxps.txt summary: HIV-1 to efficiently complete a replication cycle has to integrate its genome into the host cellular DNA.After HIV-1 enters target cells,neosynthesized viral DNA forms along with other proteins the pre-integration complex (PIC).PICs are then transported into the nucleus where integration,catalyzed by the viral integrase,takes place.HIV-1 viral particles engineered to incorporate integrase fused to EGFP have proven effective to study PICs within nuclei of infected cells.In this study we report the live imaging analysis of nuclear PIC dynamics obtained by time-lapse microscopy.Intranuclear trajectories of IN-EGFP-labeled PIC were collected in three dimensions and examined by both mean squared displacement (MSD) and cage diameter (CD) analysis.In CD the maximum distances measured between two positions occupied by a PIC in a time window of 2 minutes were calculated while in our MSD analysis 5-minute long trajectory segments were considered.Remarkably,MSD revealed the presence of an underlying active transport mechanism.To test the possible role of actin filaments,PIC nuclear trafficking was analyzed in cells treated with latrunculin B (actin polymerization inhibitor).Preliminary results suggest that the disruption of actin function impairs the active nuclear movement of PICs. Second harmonic generation microscopy reveals sarcomere contractile dynamics of cardiomyocytes N. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7079852/ doi: 10.1007/s00249-009-0478-1 id: cord-004584-bcw90f5b author: nan title: Abstracts: 8th EBSA European Biophysics Congress, August 23rd–27th 2011, Budapest, Hungary date: 2011-08-06 words: 106850.0 sentences: 5038.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-004584-bcw90f5b.txt txt: ./txt/cord-004584-bcw90f5b.txt summary: Our goals are two-fold: (1) to monitor conformational changes in each domain upon its binding to specific ligands and then to correlate the observed changes with structural differences between the CRDs and (2) to investigate the interaction between the CRDs and lipid model membranes. Cholesterol-assisted lipid and protein interactions such as the integration into lipid nanodomains are considered to play a functional part in a whole range of membrane-associated processes, but their direct and non-invasive observation in living cells is impeded by the resolution limit of [200nm of a conventional far-field optical microscope. Therefore, to investigate the dynamic and complex membrane lateral organization in living cells, we have developed an original approach based on molecule diffusion measurements performed by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy at different spatial scales (spot variable FCS, svFCS) (1). abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7080017/ doi: 10.1007/s00249-011-0734-z id: cord-004879-pgyzluwp author: nan title: Programmed cell death date: 1994 words: 81677.0 sentences: 4465.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-004879-pgyzluwp.txt txt: ./txt/cord-004879-pgyzluwp.txt summary: Furthermore kinetic experiments after complementation of HIV=RT p66 with KIV-RT pSl indicated that HIV-RT pSl can restore rate and extent of strand displacement activity by HIV-RT p66 compared to the HIV-RT heterodimer D66/D51, suggesting a function of the 51 kDa polypeptide, The mouse mammary tumor virus proviral DNA contains an open reading frame in the 3'' long terminal repeat which can code for a 36 kDa polypeptide with a putative transmembrane sequence and five N-linked glycosylation sites. To this end we used constructs encoding the c-fos (and c-jun) genes fused to the hormone-binding domain of the human estrogen receptor, designated c-FosER (and c-JunER), We could show that short-term activation (30 mins.) of c-FosER by estradiole (E2) led to the disruption of epithelial cell polarity within 24 hours, as characterized by the expression of apical and basolateral marker proteins. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7087532/ doi: 10.1007/bf02033112 id: cord-004894-75w35fkd author: nan title: Abstract date: 2006-06-14 words: 92116.0 sentences: 6264.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-004894-75w35fkd.txt txt: ./txt/cord-004894-75w35fkd.txt summary: The unadjusted median (25-75% percentile) sperm concentration in the non-exposed group (n = 90) is 49 (23-86) mill/ml compared to 33 (12-63) mill/ml among men exposed to >19 cigarettes per day in fetal life (n = 26 Aim: To estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity, and their effects in physical activity (PA) levels of Portuguese children and adolescents aged 10-18 years. Objectives: a) To estimate the sex-and age-adjusted annual rate of tuberculosis infection (ARTI) (per 100 person-years [%py]) among the HCWs, as indicated by tuberculin skin test conversion (TST) conversion, b) to identify occupational factors associated with significant variations in the ARTI, c) to investigate the efficacy of the regional preventive guidelines. Objectives: We assessed the total burden of adverse events (AE), and determined treatment-related risk factors for the development of various AEs. Methods: The study cohort included 1362 5-year survivors, treated in the Emma Childrens Hospital AMC in the Netherlands between 1966-1996. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7087564/ doi: 10.1007/s10654-006-9021-1 id: cord-004948-ad3i9wgj author: nan title: 7th International Congress on Amino Acids and Proteins : Vienna, Austria, August 6–10, 2001 date: 2001 words: 73534.0 sentences: 3588.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-004948-ad3i9wgj.txt txt: ./txt/cord-004948-ad3i9wgj.txt summary: Specific CTL were derived by immunization of HHD mice with tumor peptide extracts loaded on antigen presenting cells and with HHD transfected human tumor cell lines CTL induced against peptides from various tumors recognized tumor peptides more effectively than peptides extracted from normal tissues and also reacted with a serie of peptides derived from overexpressed candidate proteins, identified by differential display methods (SAGE, Microarrays) Comparison of CTL derived from HHD mice to CTL induced from patient''s PBMC showed overlapping recognition of many candidate peptides. By comparison of pro-teomic cell maps from normal controls and individuals affected with lysosomal transport disorders we have selected and identified several candidate disease-causing proteins, which have to be further studied by mutation analysis and functional expression. The results of the in vitro studies available to date strongly suggest that its effects on neuronal amino acid transport processes is mediated via some novel extracellular mechanism controlling the H ϩ (and/or other ionic) concentrations of neurones. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7087755/ doi: 10.1007/s007260170030 id: cord-005105-twsy61oq author: nan title: SIU 2015 Abstracts date: 2015-09-21 words: 124096.0 sentences: 7584.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-005105-twsy61oq.txt txt: ./txt/cord-005105-twsy61oq.txt summary: Th e present study is based on a retrospective analysis of a database of over 600 patients (age range 17-57 years) who met the consensus criteria for bacterial prostatitis, 75% of whom had dysuria, 35% perineal discomfort, 60% had obstructive luts, 37% infertility of unknown etiology, 10% erectile dysfunction and 25% recurrent infection of the partner. Further research is needed to determine to assess whether localization of small volume disease on 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT can improve diagnostic algorithms and outcomes in patients with recurrent PCa. Introduction and Objective: To assess long-term results of salvage pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) in prostate cancer (PC) patients (pts) with biochemical recurrence aft er primary local treatment and confi rmed solitary lymph node (LN) metastases. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7088373/ doi: 10.1007/s00345-015-1684-3 id: cord-005147-mvoq9vln author: nan title: Autorenregister date: 2017-02-23 words: 86573.0 sentences: 4356.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-005147-mvoq9vln.txt txt: ./txt/cord-005147-mvoq9vln.txt summary: Using whole-exome sequencing and trio-based de novo analysis, we identified a novel heterozygous de novo frameshift variant in the leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR) gene causing instability of the mRNA in a patient presenting with bilateral CAKUT and requiring kidney transplantation at one year of age. Loss of cdkl5 associated with deficient mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling in mice and human cells We and other groups have shown that mutations in the X-linked cyclin-dependent kinase-like 5 (CDKL5) gene cause a severe neurodevelopmental disorder with clinical features including intellectual disability, early-onset intractable seizures and autism, that are closely related to those present in Rett syndrome (RTT) patients. Functional characterization of novel GNB1 mutations as a rare cause of global developmental delay Over the past years, prioritization strategies that combined the molecular predictors of sequence variants from exomes and genomes of patients with rare Mendelian disorders with computer-readable phenotype information became a highly effective method for detecting disease-causing mutations. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7088617/ doi: 10.1007/s11825-017-0126-6 id: cord-005497-w81ysjf9 author: nan title: 40th International Symposium on Intensive Care & Emergency Medicine: Brussels, Belgium. 24-27 March 2020 date: 2020-03-24 words: 103623.0 sentences: 6176.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-005497-w81ysjf9.txt txt: ./txt/cord-005497-w81ysjf9.txt summary: The positive NC group had more plasma transfusion (p-value 0.03) and a lower median hematocrit at 24 hrs (p-value 0.013), but similar hospital length of stay (p=0.17) and mortality rate (p=0.80) Conclusions: NC at ICU admission identifies subclinical AKI in TBI patients and it maight be used to predictclinical AKI. In patients with pneumonia requiring intensive care (ICU) admission, we hypothesise that abnormal right ventricular (RV) function is associated with an increased 90-day mortality. The objective of this study was to describe the incidence of each AKI stages as defined by KDIGO definition (with evaluation of urine output, serum creatinine and initiation of renal replacement therapy (RRT)), in a mixed medical and surgical population of patients hospitalized in ICU and PCU over a 10-year period (2008-2018). This study aimed at investigating the relationship of goal-directed energy and protein adequacy on clinical outcomes which includes mortality, intensive care unit(ICU) and hospital length of stay (LOS), and length of mechanical ventilation (LOMV). abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7092506/ doi: 10.1186/s13054-020-2772-3 id: cord-005646-xhx9pzhj author: nan title: 2nd World Congress on Pediatric Intensive Care 1996 Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 23–26 June 1996 Abstracts of Oral Presentations, Posters and Nursing Programme date: 1996 words: 72031.0 sentences: 4734.0 pages: flesch: 56.0 cache: ./cache/cord-005646-xhx9pzhj.txt txt: ./txt/cord-005646-xhx9pzhj.txt summary: Aims and methods The aim of both a prospective and retrospective survey conducted in German pediatric intensive care units in 1993 was to accumulate data on the epidemiology, risk factors, natural history and treatment strategies in a large group of pediatric ARDS patients who were treated in the tt~ee year period from 1991 to 1993.All patients had acute bilateral alveolar infiltration of noncardiogenic origin and a pO2~iO2 ratio < 150mmHg. The influence of sex, underlying disease and single organ failure was analyzed using the Fischer''s exact test, the influence of additional organ failure on mortality was tested with the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszet statistics. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7095092/ doi: 10.1007/bf02316512 id: cord-005727-li8pwigg author: nan title: ESICM 2010 MONDAY SESSIONS 11 October 2010 date: 2010-08-31 words: 102770.0 sentences: 6408.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-005727-li8pwigg.txt txt: ./txt/cord-005727-li8pwigg.txt summary: Since, continuous epidural analgesia provides the required level of analgesia to support early mobilization and significant reduction in pulmonary and cardiovascular morbidity in the early postoperative period, we postulated that the use of low dose of continuous epidural morphine might improve postoperative analgesia and reduce undesirable side effects in elderly patientsTherefore, the present study was designed to evaluate the effects of morphine administered via epidural patients controlled analgesia and intravenous tramadol + metamizol on postoperative pain control and side effects in elderly patients after major abdominal surgery. For each ventilated patient the following data was registered:Age, APACHE II, the reason of admission, risk factors, use NIV, MV duration, timing of tracheostomy, time of diagnosis of VAP, microbiological data, length of stay and mortality in ICU. 23rd ESICM ANNUAL CONGRESS -BARCELONA, SPAIN -9-13 OCTOBER 2010 S131 Evaluated factors: patient characteristics, signs, symptoms, abscess location, time between symptoms and hospital admission and surgery, lab results, microbiology, antibiotic therapy, APACHE2, SAPS2, SOFA, length of ICU stay, surgical re-intervention, duration of mechanical ventilation, infectious complications, critical illness myopathy (CIM), renal replacement therapy (RRT), re-intubation, tracheotomy, mortality. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7095301/ doi: 10.1007/s00134-010-1999-x id: cord-005777-6rvfsx4p author: nan title: PS 0420-0716 date: 2007-08-25 words: 59217.0 sentences: 3634.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-005777-6rvfsx4p.txt txt: ./txt/cord-005777-6rvfsx4p.txt summary: We prospectively recorded data of all patients who were newly diagnosed with AF and all those with a septic shock on a surgical ICU (no cardiac surgery) during a one year period according to the requirements of the local ethical committee. Our aim was to evaluate the predictive role of admission APACHE II, admission and total maximum SOFA score, hypoalbuminemia, increased serum creatinine, C-reactive protein, lactate, and serum blood glucose for the 30-day mortality of septic patients admitted to medical ICU. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical presentation and to evaluate mortality associated factors (timing and accurancy of diagnosis, timing of surgery, severity score and organ failure, surgical and medical treatments). Data were extracted independently to assess intention to treat intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital mortality, days of mechanical ventilation, length of stay, incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia and pneumothorax, and associated complications of the implemented intervention. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7095424/ doi: 10.1007/s00134-007-0823-8 id: cord-005814-ak5pq312 author: nan title: 8th European Congress of Intensive Care Medicine Athens - Greece, October 18–22, 1995 Abstracts date: 1995 words: 179164.0 sentences: 12028.0 pages: flesch: 56.0 cache: ./cache/cord-005814-ak5pq312.txt txt: ./txt/cord-005814-ak5pq312.txt summary: Results: In 5 patients with treated SS, 16 tests were performed (VL n=8; Dobu n=4; NA n=4 Method: Septic shock was defined as severe sepsis with either persistent hypotension (mean arterial pressure; MAP<70 mmHg) or the requirement for a noradrenaline (NA) infusion ~> 0.1 ~g/kg/min with a MAP _< 90mmHg. Cardiovascular support was limited to NA + dobutamine (DB), 546C88 was administered for up to 8 h at a fixed dose-rate of either i, 2.5, 5, 10 or 20 mg/kg/h iv. Methods: Fourteen cases were s~udied,their gestational age ranged from(27-32)ws.Continnous positive air way pressure was applied to six cases at Peep level from (3-6)cm H2o through nasal pronge,(group I),the other 8 cases were managed as routine,(group II).Blood gases, TcPO2,TcCo2,resp.rate,depth and pattern were monitored for assessment of tissue Oxygenation and ventilation, Results: Our rasults showed that early application of CPAP improve ventilation among (83.3%)of cases,while (16.7%)of cases need IMV.The cases of group II need IMV among (75%)of the studied cases during the second or the third day of life. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7095534/ doi: 10.1007/bf02426401 id: cord-005816-i54q5gsu author: nan title: 10(th) European Congress of Trauma and Emergency Surgery: May 13–17, 2009 Antalya, Turkey date: 2009-08-06 words: 83124.0 sentences: 5617.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-005816-i54q5gsu.txt txt: ./txt/cord-005816-i54q5gsu.txt summary: Several factors such as the initial lack of symptoms, a low diagnostic sensitivity of the CT (34% false negatives), and the nonoperative management of solid organ injuries, have contributed to a delayed diagnosis in one of every five patients in our series, but this has not led to a significant increase in septic complications in this group. Method: The demographic features, the treatments, the intensity of the illness and mortality rate of the 155 patients in Afyon Kocatepe University General Surgery clinic between the years 2006 Background: Enterocutaneous fistula continues to be a serious surgical problem. Introduction: In our previous study, we examined the treatment results of burn patients older than 45 years, and found a significant increase in mortality with increasing age groups. Methods: Data on emergency surgical cases and admissions to the surgical service over a 3-month period were collected and analyzed; this included patient demographics, referral sources, diagnosis, operation, and length of stay (LOS Conclusion: Emergency workload represents a significant part of the work for the general surgeons. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7095784/ doi: 10.1007/s00068-009-8001-z id: cord-005881-oswgjaxz author: nan title: Abstracts: 11(th) European Congress of Trauma and Emergency Surgery May 15–18, 2010 Brussels, Belgium date: 2010 words: 71955.0 sentences: 4561.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-005881-oswgjaxz.txt txt: ./txt/cord-005881-oswgjaxz.txt summary: Prospective case series with historical control group.(Level III) Results: Preliminary data indicate: *a shorter time on ventilator than anticipated (based on comparisson to historical data) * a shorter time on ICU * less pneumoniae * no intra-operative complications * good healing results of the rib fractures * no implant failures * acceptable pain scores * good overal satisfaction * acceptable cosmetic results Conclusion: Internal fixation of rib fractures (flair chest or multiple sequential fractures with pulmonary function compromise) results in a earlier recuperation of pulmonary function with shortened ICU stay. (Regional Association Sanitary Emergencies) Material and Methods: The ARES, whose members are about 600, all over the nation, is configured as an extraordinary health resource, activated by the National Civil Defence operations centre, in according with the Regional centre of Marche, in disater situations Results: The main objectives of ARES are training and organization of medical staff and structures and its growth crosses several missions including: AE Earthquake in Molise, 2002 Introduction: Cephalomedullary nails rely on a large lag screw that provides fixation into the femoral head. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7095891/ doi: 10.1007/s00068-010-8888-z id: cord-006182-kck5e1ry author: nan title: 17th Annual Meeting, Neurocritical Care Society, October 15–18, 2019, Vancouver, Canada date: 2019-10-01 words: 87645.0 sentences: 4817.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-006182-kck5e1ry.txt txt: ./txt/cord-006182-kck5e1ry.txt summary: The primary objective of COGiTATE (CppOpt GuIded Therapy Assessment of Target Effectiveness) is to demonstrate feasibility of individualising CPP at CPPopt in TBI patients, expressed as the percentage of monitoring time for which CPP is within 5 mmHg of regularly updated CPPopt targets during the first 5 days of Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission. Neurocritical care has become increasingly subspecialized.Yet, due to limited availability of dedicated Neurocritical Care units (NCCUs), often patients may need to be admitted to ICUs other than NCCUs. This survey based study was conducted to explore self-reported knowledge in recognizing and managing some common neurological emergencies such as stroke, status epilepticus, raised intracranial pressure etc among critical care nurses at a Comprehensive Stroke Center. Coagulation factor Xa (recombinant), inactivated-Xa inhibitor associated life--factor prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) was utilized offRetrospective, single center, cohort study including adult intracranial hemorrhage patients who received discharge between efficacy (defined by International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis criteria), thrombotic events, ICU and hospital length of stay, and mortality. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7100118/ doi: 10.1007/s12028-019-00857-7 id: cord-006226-fn7zlutj author: nan title: Abstracts of the 4th annual meeting of the German Society of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapy: Hannover, 14–17 September 1994 date: 1994 words: 25050.0 sentences: 1344.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-006226-fn7zlutj.txt txt: ./txt/cord-006226-fn7zlutj.txt summary: The following were analysed: heart rate (HR, bpm), pre-ejection time (PEP, ms), ejection time (VET, ms), HR-corrected electromechanical systole (QS2c, ms), impedance-cardiographic estimates of stroke volume (SV, ml), cardiac output (CO, I/min) and peripheral resistance (TPR, dyn.s.cm -5) calculated from CO and mean blood pressure (SBP and DBP according to auscultatory Korotkoff-I and -IV sounds This indicates that 1) about half the rise of HR and CO and half the shortening of PEP is 131-respectively 1~2-determined, 2) that predominant 132-adrenergic responses, whilst not affecting VET, take optimal benefit from the inodilatory enhancement of pump performance, 3) that an additional 131-adrenergic stimulation is proportionally less efficient, as VET is dramatically shortened, thus blunting the gain in SV so that the rise in CO relies substantially on the amplified increase of HR and 4), VET is more sensitive than QS2c in expressing additional 131-adrenoceptor agonism and 5) prime systolic time intervals provide a less speculative and physiologically more meaningful represenation of cardiac pump dynamics than HR-corrected ones. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7100636/ doi: 10.1007/bf00193489 id: cord-006229-7yoilsho author: nan title: Abstracts of the 82(nd) Annual Meeting of the German Society for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (DGPT) and the 18(th) Annual Meeting of the Network Clinical Pharmacology Germany (VKliPha) in cooperation with the Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Angewandte Humanpharmakologie e.V. (AGAH) date: 2016-02-06 words: 133493.0 sentences: 6804.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-006229-7yoilsho.txt txt: ./txt/cord-006229-7yoilsho.txt summary: It directly activates Protein Kinase A (PKA) or the Exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac) which is a guanine exchange factor (GEF) for the small monomeric GTPase Rap. As Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) express both cAMP effectors (Epac1 and PKA), we investigated the role of cAMP-signaling using a spheroid based sprouting assay as an in vitro model for angiogenesis. After activation, S1P receptors regulate important processes in the progression of renal diseases, such as mesangial cell migration Methods and Results: Here we demonstrate that dexamethasone treatment lowered S1P 1 mRNA and protein expression levels in rat mesangial cells measured by TaqMan® and Western blot analyses. The aim of this study was to investigate the relevance of IGFBP5 in cardiogenesis and cardiac remodeling and its role as a potential target for ameliorating stress-induced cardiac remodeling Methods and Results: We investigated the expression of Igfbp5 in murine cardiac tissue at different developmental stages by qPCR normalized to Tpt1 (Tumor Protein, Translationally-Controlled 1). abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7100641/ doi: 10.1007/s00210-016-1213-y id: cord-006230-xta38e7j author: nan title: Deutsche Gesellschaft für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie e.V. date: 2012-02-22 words: 135419.0 sentences: 7042.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-006230-xta38e7j.txt txt: ./txt/cord-006230-xta38e7j.txt summary: Here, we will present our analysis of Ca 2+ signaling following stimulation of the FcεRI receptor and application of secretagogues that are supposed to affect Ca 2+ -dependent mast cell activation such as adenosine, endothelin-1, substance P and compound 48/80 in BMMCs and PMCs derived from mouse lines with inactivation of TRPC1, TRPC3, TRPC4, TRPC5 or TRPC6 since specific antagonists are still lacking for these TRP channels. These data indicate that increased PP2A activity is associated with modified gene expression in TG hearts possibly affecting stress response and regulation of cell signalling. As demonstrated by qPCR and Western blot experiments, mesangial cells showed a marked time-and dose-dependent upregulation of CSE mRNA and protein levels after treatment with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB). The transcription factor cAMP response element (CRE)-binding protein (CREB) plays a critical role in regulating gene expression in response to activation of the cAMPdependent signaling pathway, which is implicated in the pathophysiology of heart failure. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7100643/ doi: 10.1007/s00210-012-0736-0 id: cord-006391-esnsa4u5 author: nan title: Abstracts 5(th) Tripartite Meeting Salzburg/Austria, September 9–11,1982 date: 1982 words: 44844.0 sentences: 2433.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-006391-esnsa4u5.txt txt: ./txt/cord-006391-esnsa4u5.txt summary: In our parallel tests using an excision-sample technique [2] which is considerably more sensitive than the DGHM procedure, we have observed the following mean reductions in the counts of accessible bacteria: iodine in ethanol, 96%; povidone-iodine, 89%; chlorhexidine in ethanol, 88%; iso-propanol, The purpose of this study was to compare radiation injury in Guinea Pig small bowel (1) devoid of contents (2) containing bile (3) containing pancreatic juice. Studies in vitro employing isolated perfused rat pancreas and stomach revealed following results: Mean basal pancreatic somatostatin release in normal, diabetic and transplanted rats were 12___3, 24-t-7, and 17__+4 pg/ml, respectively. As these changes appear closely correlated to the blood glucose levels which show a 30 % decrease at 4 h and progressive restoration towards normal values up to 24 h, attempts have been made to alter the insulin/glucagon ratio by glucose infusion after PH and study its relation to liver regeneration. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7101735/ doi: 10.1007/bf01279099 id: cord-006563-qmigctkp author: nan title: The abstracts of the 26th congress of ESCTAIC, Timisoara, Romania, September 22–24 2016 date: 2017-03-07 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7102034/ doi: 10.1007/s10877-017-9991-4 id: cord-006702-ekf6mja9 author: nan title: Abstracts for the 17th IPNA Congress, Iguaçu, Brazil, September 2016: Oral Presentations date: 2016-08-17 words: 23229.0 sentences: 1404.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-006702-ekf6mja9.txt txt: ./txt/cord-006702-ekf6mja9.txt summary: After correction using the optimal linear regression, the variability of the measurements was examined using Bland-Altman plots Results: We studied 29 patients (17 male, 12 female) with a median age (SD) of 14.0 (3.4) years and eGFR 111 (17) Objectives: Mutations of the Pkhd1 gene cause autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD). Objectives: To examine the characteristics, follow up and availability of long term outcome data in a cohort of New Zealand children with acute kidney injury (AKI) requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) following cardiac surgery at Starship Hospital over a six-year period. Methods: Cohort study conducted from 2008-2012 of 57 female patients age 9-21 years recruited from 2 pediatric nephrology clinics with CKD (n=25), on dialysis (n=9), or status post kidney transplantation (n=23) who received the standard 3-dose vaccine series of the HPV vaccine. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7102258/ doi: 10.1007/s00467-016-3466-6 id: cord-006849-vgjz74ts author: nan title: 27th International Congress of the European Association for Endoscopic Surgery (EAES) Sevilla, Spain, 12–15 June 2019 date: 2019-09-13 words: 222162.0 sentences: 14023.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-006849-vgjz74ts.txt txt: ./txt/cord-006849-vgjz74ts.txt summary: Methods: We are performing this procedures within a prospective randomized trial that is design to compare the long term results of LRYGB-B versus the standard laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.The video shows our technique in a case of a 46 years old female with a BMI of 46 Kg/m2. Material and methods: We present a video of the surgical intervention of a 32-year-old patient, with functional dyspepsia, with a casual diagnosis of a pseudocystic mass of the right colon after performing a CT scan: giant diverticulum of the hepatic colon angle with fecaloid content inside it under tension The patient goes to the emergency room for acute abdominal pain, pending colonoscopy, antibiotic treatment is established, and a laparoscopic approach is decided upon after the patient''s evolution. Method: We present the case of a 65-year-old patient with surgical antecedent of laparoscopic low anterior resection due to rectal cancer, presenting in postoperative period an anastomosis leakage with severe peritonitis was identified and a laparotomy with end colostomy was performed. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7103177/ doi: 10.1007/s00464-019-07109-x id: cord-006854-o2e5na78 author: nan title: Scientific Session of the 16th World Congress of Endoscopic Surgery, Jointly Hosted by Society of American Gastrointestinal and Endoscopic Surgeons (SAGES) & Canadian Association of General Surgeons (CAGS), Seattle, Washington, USA, 11–14 April 2018: Poster Abstracts date: 2018-04-20 words: 166047.0 sentences: 10353.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-006854-o2e5na78.txt txt: ./txt/cord-006854-o2e5na78.txt summary: Totally Laparoscopic ALPPS Combined with the Microwave Ablation for a Patient with a Huge HCC Hua Zhang; Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University Introduction: Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) is a novel technique for resecting hepatic tumors that were previously considered unresectable due to the insufficient future liver remnant (FLR) which may result in postoperative liver failure (PLF). Not only does this case show that a large epiphrenic diverticulm can be successfully resected via the trans-abdominal laparoscopic approach, this case makes the argument that patients undergoing any minimally-invasive epiphrenic diverticulectomy and myotomy, with or without fundoplication, may be successfully managed with early post-operative contrast studies and dietary advancement, thus decreasing their length of hospitalization and overall cost of treatment. Introduction: There are reports of increased operative duration, blood loss and postoperative morbidity, caused by difficulties in obtaining good visualization and in controlling bleeding when laparoscopic resection is performed in obese patients with colon cancer. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7103183/ doi: 10.1007/s00464-018-6121-4 id: cord-006860-a3b8hyyr author: nan title: 40th Annual Meeting of the GTH (Gesellschaft für Thrombose- und Hämostaseforschung) date: 1996 words: 90660.0 sentences: 5152.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-006860-a3b8hyyr.txt txt: ./txt/cord-006860-a3b8hyyr.txt summary: Dept of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Kiel and Mtinster, Germany Resistance to activated protein C (APCR), in the majority of cases associated with the Arg 506 Gin point mutation in the factor V gene is present in more than 50 % of patients < 60 years of age with unexplained thrombophilia. The regular APC resistance test is not applicable to plasma from Orally anticoagulated (OAC) or heparinized patients due to decreased levels of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors and to thrombin inhibition by antithrombin, respectively. On admission an extensive coagulation screen yielded the following results (n/normal, t/elevated, I/reduced, +/positive, -/negative): PT t, aPTT t, Tr n, factor II, V, VIII n, factor VII, IX, XI, XII /,, fibrinogan t, ATIII n, protein C, S *, activated protein C sensitivity ratio 1.92 ($), FV-Leidenmutation PCR -, fibrinolytic system n, TAT t, Ft÷2 t, lupus anticoagulant +, heparin induced platelet antibodies +; no diagnosis of a specific autoimmuna disorder could be made. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7103196/ doi: 10.1007/bf00641048 id: cord-006862-5va1yyit author: nan title: ITS ASM 2012 date: 2012-11-04 words: 25959.0 sentences: 1689.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-006862-5va1yyit.txt txt: ./txt/cord-006862-5va1yyit.txt summary: 10 .45 % (n = 202) of attendances were for non-respiratory diseases as the clinic also provides follow-up for general medical patients post hospital admission. Higher levels of exercise participation were seen in the younger age groups (p = 0.585 Introduction: Respiratory diseases, largely represented by COPD, are the third most common cause of acute hospital admission.Our aim was to audit the prescribing habits of inhaled, nebulised medication and oxygen by doctors in a general hospital. Our study was designed to determine the baseline and post-treatment values of total lymphocyte count and its subsets in HIV-negative patients diagnosed with active pulmonary MTB. The results of this study indicate that AAT can inhibit LTB 4 signaling thereby reducing the proteolytic activity of neutrophils and propose AAT aerosolized augmentation therapy as an effective treatment for LTB 4 associated pulmonary diseases including cystic fibrosis and severe asthma. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7103221/ doi: 10.1007/s11845-012-0856-z id: cord-006870-f5w6fw6q author: nan title: Abstracts Presented at the Neurocritical Care Society (NCS) 15th Annual Meeting date: 2017-09-19 words: 122221.0 sentences: 6828.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-006870-f5w6fw6q.txt txt: ./txt/cord-006870-f5w6fw6q.txt summary: Subjective perceptions of recovery were assessed via responses to the forced-choice dichotomized question, "Do you feel that you have made a complete recovery from the arrest?"Objective outcome measures of recovery included: Repeatable Battery for Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), Modified Lawton Physical Self-Maintenance Scale (L-ADL), Barthel Index (BI), Cerebral Performance Category Scale (CPC), Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression scale (CES-D), and Post traumatic stress disorder-checklist (PTSD-C). Utilizing data from the Citicoline Brain Injury Treatment (COBRIT) trial, a prospective multicenter study, we identified 224 patients who met the inclusion criteria; 1) placement of an ICP monitoring device, 2) Glasgow coma score (GCS) less than 9, 3) EVD placement prior to arrival or within 6 hours of arrival at the study institution. The objective of this study was to examine the incidence rates of pre-specified medical and neurological ICU complications, and their impact on post-traumatic in-hospital mortality and 12month functional outcomes. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7103238/ doi: 10.1007/s12028-017-0465-9 id: cord-006876-v2m5l5wz author: nan title: Neurocritical Care Society 14(th) Annual Meeting date: 2016-08-11 words: 59719.0 sentences: 3440.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-006876-v2m5l5wz.txt txt: ./txt/cord-006876-v2m5l5wz.txt summary: We conducted a prospective cohort study among mild and moderate-severe TBI patients admitted to a level 1 trauma center with these inclusion criteria: 1) Age < 65 years, 2) No severe non-TBI injuries, 3) No prior cardiac disease, and 4) Minimal comorbidities. In most instances, DC has been performed based on neurosurgical evaluation of the patient with or without intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring and evidence of increased shown variable outcomes in emergency (within 4 hours of injury) neurosurgical procedure in Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). This is an observational cohort study of adult patients (>18 years) in a 10-bed NSICU at an academic, tertiary care center evaluating quality outcome measures pre-and post-neurointensivists. Intensivists in neuro ICU must consistently assess and treat the non-neurological complications in traumatic brain and spine-injured patients and deliver appropriate care to bring down the mortality and morbidity and improve outcome. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7103251/ doi: 10.1007/s12028-016-0301-7 id: cord-006880-9dgmdtj8 author: nan title: Neurocritical Care Society 10th Annual Meeting: October 4 - 7, 2012 Sheraton Denver Downtown Hotel Denver, Colorado date: 2012-09-19 words: 82351.0 sentences: 4528.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-006880-9dgmdtj8.txt txt: ./txt/cord-006880-9dgmdtj8.txt summary: Patients initially comatose after cardiac arrest treated who awoke after therapeutic hypothermia (TH) were evaluated by a neuropsychologist prior to hospital discharge with the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), a well-validated tool that assesses function in multiple domains compared to standardized normal values. Clinical data including the pre-admission-status, neuroradiological, initial presentation, treatment, and outcome were evaluated through institutional databases, patient''s medical charts and by mailed questionnaires. To determine the differences in hospital outcomes among adult mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients where the severity of TBI is defined by Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score. Retrospective chart analysis was performed on all adult patients arriving to emergency department with history of fall at a level one trauma center for parameters like vomiting, alteration of consciousness (AOC) & loss of consciousness (LOC) after TBI; post-traumatic amnesia (PTA) and history of seizures before or after injury, along with outcomes such as ICU admission & ICU length of stay. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7103259/ doi: 10.1007/s12028-012-9775-0 id: cord-006882-t9w1cdr4 author: nan title: Royal Academy of Medicine in Ireland date: 2012-07-22 words: 13704.0 sentences: 858.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-006882-t9w1cdr4.txt txt: ./txt/cord-006882-t9w1cdr4.txt summary: Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a mathematical model to determine the TTO based on two or more DEXA scans with TTO defined as the age at which the patient will enter the osteoporotic T-score range. An Audit of Clinical Outcomes in Transcervical Resection of the Endometrium Compared to Outpatient Balloon Thermablation Anglim BC, Von Bunau G Department of Gynaecology, Adelaide and Meath Children''s Hospital, Tallaght, Dublin Thermablation was introduced to the Coombe in November 2009 and thus far it has provided a quick and effective means of treating women with menorrhagia refractive to medical treatment. This audit reviewed cases of ovarian cystectomy, oopherectomy and salpingooopherectomy using both a hospital online database and records of theatre procedures to identify these patients. A retrospective review of the case notes of patients aged greater than 80 years who underwent bronchoscopy between September 2009 and November 2011 was carried out. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7103265/ doi: 10.1007/s11845-012-0833-6 id: cord-006888-qfnukav4 author: nan title: Irish Thoracic Society Annual Scientific Meeting, Ramada Hotel, Belfast: 7th–8th November 2008 date: 2008-10-21 words: 30369.0 sentences: 1866.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-006888-qfnukav4.txt txt: ./txt/cord-006888-qfnukav4.txt summary: 2 This study explored anxiety, depression and QoL of a small group of patients (n = 5), predominantly male (66.7%), mean age 74 years, using the Marie Curie ''''breathing space'''' outpatient clinic over a four week period. Methods: CF patients attending CUH completed a questionnaire relating to personal smoking and second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure, correlated with pulmonary function and exacerbation-rate data. This ongoing study indicates that a clinical pharmacy led management programme can reduce the need for hospital care in patients with moderate-to-severe COPD and improve aspects of their health related quality of life. There is a need for wider availability of joint hospital/ community based initiatives such as COPD Outreach and PRPs. Pulmonary rehabilitation has established efficacy, but patients often require follow-up care or maintenance. Patient data (MDS/ISWT/endurance shuttle walking test(ESWT)) from our pulmonary rehabilitation programme were initially analysed (n = 214; median FEV 1 = 1.04 L; mean age = 69 yrs). abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7103299/ doi: 10.1007/s11845-008-0235-y id: cord-007890-bie1veti author: nan title: ECC-4 Abstracts date: 2002-04-16 words: 85992.0 sentences: 5665.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-007890-bie1veti.txt txt: ./txt/cord-007890-bie1veti.txt summary: Effects of Interferon alpha plus ribavirine therapy on frequencies of HCV, HIV and CMV specific CD4-T-cell responses in peripheral blood of HIV/HCV coinfected patients after 6 months of treatment SoA9.5 Methods: Two groups of patients with chronic HCV infection were studied: 26 HIV coinfected progressors with antiretroviral therapy and 13 HIV-negative controls. In order to assess the local temporal trend of antibiotic sensitivity of the most common urinary tract bacterial pathogen, all urine-cultured Escherichia coli isolates were reviewed as to susceptibility profile, and specimen source (community-versus hospital-acquired infection). Methods: A total of 87 penicillin resistant clinical strains isolated from patients at Hacettepe Children''s Hospital, Ankara, Turkey between 1999 and 2001 were tested for their in vitro susceptibility to various antibiotics that are commonly used in the treatment of respiratory tract infections. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7126403/ doi: 10.1016/s0924-8579(02)00033-x id: cord-008777-i2reanan author: nan title: ECB12: 12th European Congess on Biotechnology date: 2005-07-19 words: 151383.0 sentences: 7577.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-008777-i2reanan.txt txt: ./txt/cord-008777-i2reanan.txt summary: Mollerup Department of Chemical Engineering, Building 229, DTU, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark A variety of factors that govern the properties of proteins are utilized in the development of chromatographic processes for the recovery of biological products including the binding and release of protons, the non-covalent association with non-polar groups (often hydrophobic interactions), the association of small ions (ion exchange) and the highly specific antigen-antibody interaction (affinity interactions). Such fermenters will be needed in order to meet the increasing pressure on costs for low price commodity type products such as single cell protein or food and technical grade enzymes, and to meet the demands of the new wave of white biotech, in which bio-produced chemicals must be made at prices competitive with those of the traditional chemical industry. The presentation will focus on use of the sensitive sandwich hybridization technology for the quantitative analysis of process relevant marker genes in different kind of microbial cell cultures with a focus on the production of recombinant proteins. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7134330/ doi: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2005.06.005 id: cord-009571-mygj2nd4 author: nan title: Proceedings of the 42nd annual meeting of the american rheumatism association a section of the arthritis foundation june 1 & 2, 1978 new york city abstracts of papers presented date: 2005-11-23 words: 46150.0 sentences: 2284.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-009571-mygj2nd4.txt txt: ./txt/cord-009571-mygj2nd4.txt summary: Levels of Ty cells as well as total T lymphocytes were measured in 19 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 11 with active and 8 with inactive disease, and in 47 normal subjects. The diagnosis of GC arthritis were studied for the presence of GC antigen (AG) and anti-in all seven patients was made by typical clinical presentation, body (AB) in serum and synovial fluid by counter-positive local culture for Ngonorrhoeae (NG) , and response to treatment. A retrospective study was instituted on 10 patients in the UCLA lupus nephritis clinic in an attempt to determine the ability of three serologic indicators-specifically immune complexes (IC), anti-DNA antibodies (DNA-ab), and C3-to predict the activity of SLE renal disease as indicated by changes in 24 hour proteinuria, serum creatinine, and creatinine clearance. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7159665/ doi: 10.1002/art.1780210508 id: cord-009664-kb9fnbgy author: nan title: Oral presentations date: 2014-12-24 words: 71112.0 sentences: 3948.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-009664-kb9fnbgy.txt txt: ./txt/cord-009664-kb9fnbgy.txt summary: Because of the conflicting reports and lack of published data from paediatric patients, we sought to assess possible MIC change over time and to compare results generated by using different methodologies including Etest, agar dilution, and broth microdilution (MicroScan) methods. Recently, in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that NO plays a key role in the eradication of the leishmania parasite Objective: To determine whether a NO donor patch (developed by electrospinning technique) is as effective as meglumine antimoniate in the treatment of CL while causing less adverse events Methods: A double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted with 178 patients diagnosed with CL in Santander, Colombia, South-America. To follow the development and spread of the resistance among these strains is difficult, as antibiotic susceptibility testing of clinically relevant anaerobes in different routine laboratories in Europe is less and less frequently carried out due to the fact, that clinicians treat many presumed anaerobic infections empirically. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7162236/ doi: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2009.02857.x id: cord-009713-sxd4t2tz author: nan title: Poster Presentations date: 2020-01-10 words: 43950.0 sentences: 2945.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-009713-sxd4t2tz.txt txt: ./txt/cord-009713-sxd4t2tz.txt summary: Poster No. 010 Seizure, developmental and cognitive outcomes in children post hemispherotomy TT TAY 1 , DR REED 2 , VJ JOSAN 3 , SR RUST 4 , JT TAN 5 1 University of Manchester, Manchester, UK; 2 Neuropsychology Team, Paediatric Psychosocial Service, Royal Manchester Children''s Hospital, Manchester, UK; 3 Neurosurgery, Salford Royal NHS Foundation, Manchester, UK; 4 Paediatric Neuropsychology, Royal Manchester Children''s Hospital, Manchester, UK; 5 Paediatric Neurology, Royal Manchester Children''s Hospital, Manchester, UK Introduction: Patients with focal refractory epilepsy secondary to structural hemispheric changes have been shown in retrospective studies to have significantly improved seizure outcomes following hemispheric disconnection. In a univariate analysis of 682 cases with ≥12 months follow-up data, poor final outcome (defined as modified Rankin Scale [mRS] score 3-6) occurred in 30% and was associated with very young or elderly age at onset, movement disorder, decreased consciousness, autonomic dysfunction, mechanical ventilation, higher mRS score in the acute phase, longer hospital stay, extreme delta brush on EEG, abnormal MRI, CSF pleocytosis and elevated CSF protein (all p<0.05). abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7163607/ doi: 10.1111/dmcn.14411 id: cord-009997-oecpqf1j author: nan title: 2018 ASPHO ABSTRACTS date: 2018-03-31 words: 182060.0 sentences: 10342.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-009997-oecpqf1j.txt txt: ./txt/cord-009997-oecpqf1j.txt summary: Completed cranial radiation and proceeded to allogeneic stem cell transplant with unrelated cord marrow donor and is disease free at approximately day +200.Case 2: 5 year-old female diagnosed with FLT3 and MLL negative AML and completed treatment per COG AAML1031 study on the low risk arm without Bortezomib. Design/Method: This study was a retrospective chart review that included patients 3 to 23 years old with sickle cell disease type SS and S 0 followed at St. Christopher''s Hospital for Children. Background: Hydroxyurea, chronic blood transfusion, and bone marrow transplantation can reduce complications, and improve survival in sickle cell disease (SCD), but are associated with a significant decisional dilemma because of the inherent risk-benefit tradeoffs, and the lack of comparative studies. Brown University -Hasbro Children''s Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island, United States Background: Despite clinical advances in the treatment of sickle cell disease (SCD) in pediatric and young adult patients, pain remains a significant source of disease-related morbidity. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7167873/ doi: 10.1002/pbc.27057 id: cord-010027-r0tl01kq author: nan title: Dublin Pathology 2015. 8th Joint Meeting of the British Division of the International Academy of Pathology and the Pathological Society of Great Britain & Ireland date: 2015-09-15 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7168113/ doi: 10.1002/path.4631 id: cord-010075-72jodunj author: nan title: Paediatric SIG: Poster Session date: 2011-03-21 words: 32008.0 sentences: 1913.0 pages: flesch: 56.0 cache: ./cache/cord-010075-72jodunj.txt txt: ./txt/cord-010075-72jodunj.txt summary: Expression of MR, CD91 and CD31 were decreased in patients with NEA or COPD, but not signifi cantly changed in EA Conclusion Impaired sputum-macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic cells in NEA is associated with reduced expression of key macrophage recognition molecules. Conclusions Subjects with severe persistent asthma have an eating pattern of lower diet quality with higher intakes of fat and lower intakes of fi bre than healthy controls, which is related to lower lung function and increased airway infl ammation. Support and Confl ict of Interest Nil. Methods We performed a retrospective chart review of all adult patients who had an ICC over a 24-month period within a tertiary hospital respiratory service. The objectives of our study were to (1) determine the point prevalence and identify viruses associated with exacerbations and (2) evaluate clinical and investigational differences between viral infection positive and negative exacerbations in children with non-CF bronchiectasis. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169206/ doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2011.01937_12.x id: cord-010092-uftc8inx author: nan title: Abstract of 29th Regional Congress of the ISBT date: 2019-06-07 words: 233304.0 sentences: 13171.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-010092-uftc8inx.txt txt: ./txt/cord-010092-uftc8inx.txt summary: Prospective testing of blood donations in endemic areas of the U.S. revealed 0.38% of donors were positive for Babesia DNA or antibodies (Moritz, NEJM, 2016) Aims: -To report results of ongoing Babesia clinical trial -To explain significance of Babesia as a TT infection Methods: In cobas â Babesia for use on the cobas â 6800/8800 Systems, is a qualitative polymerase chain reaction nucleic acid amplification test, developed to detect in whole blood (WB) donor samples the 4 Babesia species that cause human disease: B. In sensitivity analyses, there were two discrepant results for HIV testing, three for HCV, and five for anti-HBc. Summary/Conclusions: Elecsys â infectious disease parameters on the cobas e 801 analyser demonstrate high specificity/sensitivity for screening first-time blood donor samples, with similar clinical performance to other commercially available assays. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169345/ doi: 10.1111/vox.12792 id: cord-010119-t1x9gknd author: nan title: Abstract Presentations from the AABB Annual Meeting San Diego, CA ctober 7‐10, 2017 date: 2017-09-04 words: 230193.0 sentences: 13234.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-010119-t1x9gknd.txt txt: ./txt/cord-010119-t1x9gknd.txt summary: Conclusion: The wide distribution in the concentration of bioactive lipids among 405 stored RBC units suggests that lipid degradation is highly donor-Background/Case Studies: To ensure availability of biological products to hospitals, blood banks have developed and validated multiple storage conditions for each of their products to maximize shelf life and quality. 1 The Department of Blood Transfusion, The PLA General Hospital, 2 The Department of Blood Transfusion, Air Force General Hospital, PLA Background/Case Studies: Recently, multi researches have reported that longer term-stored red blood cells(RBCs) units were associated with increased risks of clinically adverse events, especially in critically ill patients. Weak D types 1, 2 and 3 express all the major RhD epitopes and these patients can be managed as RhD-positive, which may lead to a reduction in unnecessary Rh immunoglobulin (RhIG) administration and conservation of RhD-negative RBCs. Study Design/Method: RHD genotyping was performed on all patient samples with weaker than expected or discrepant RhD typing results, utilizing a commercially available genotyping kit manufactured by Immucor (RHD BeadChip). abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169716/ doi: 10.1111/trf.14286 id: cord-010980-sizuef1v author: nan title: ECTES Abstracts 2020 date: 2020-05-11 words: 132644.0 sentences: 8727.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-010980-sizuef1v.txt txt: ./txt/cord-010980-sizuef1v.txt summary: We hypothesized that presentation to a PTC would yield increased mortality when subspecialty intervention was required and that this would be most pronounced at night when in-house attending coverage is absent at all state PTCs. Materials and methods: A review of the Pennsylvania Trauma Outcome Study (PTOS) database was performed to capture patients aged 12-18 who underwent any non-orthopedic trauma surgery. Traumatic subaxial cervical fractures: functional prognostic factors and survival analysis Introduction: The main goal of this study is to identify the risk factors for poor functional outcomes and to analyze the overall survival (OS) and complications rate in patients with traumatic cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) and subaxial cervical fracture (SACF) treated with open surgical fixation. After applying a multiple imputation on all the study variables, a logistic regression generalized estimating equation after adjustment for age, sex, mechanism of trauma, and the injury severity score as covariates and hospitals as a cluster assessed an association between quartile of patient volume in intensive care unit and hospital mortality. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7223217/ doi: 10.1007/s00068-020-01343-y id: cord-011062-ukz4hnmy author: nan title: Poster date: 2020-03-11 words: 88313.0 sentences: 5669.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-011062-ukz4hnmy.txt txt: ./txt/cord-011062-ukz4hnmy.txt summary: Ming-Yueh Chou 1,3 , Ying-Hsin Hsu 1 , Yu-Chun Wang 1 , Chih-Kuang Liang 1,3 , Li-Ning Peng 2,4 , Liang-Kung Chen 2,4 , Yu-Te Lin 1 ((1) Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; (2) Aging and Health Research Center, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; (3) Department of Geriatric Medicine, National Yang Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; (4) Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan) Background: Older people with frailty are at risk of adverse outcomes, such as falls, functional decline and mortality, and multi-domain intervention program may prevent those. Conclusion: Our study showed that a multicomponent exercise program is effective for posthospitalization patients because after 24-week intervention there were significant reductions in frailty and improving results in muscle strength and physical performance. Methods: Cross-sectional analysis of 757 communitydwelling older adults who completed multi-domain geriatric screen assessing for social vulnerability, mood, cognition, functional performance, nutrition, physical frailty (FRAIL) and sarcopenia (SARC-F). abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7223455/ doi: 10.14283/jfa.2020.9 id: cord-012518-ncrdwtdg author: nan title: Abstractband DOG 2020 date: 2020-08-24 words: 32627.0 sentences: 2475.0 pages: flesch: 59.0 cache: ./cache/cord-012518-ncrdwtdg.txt txt: ./txt/cord-012518-ncrdwtdg.txt summary: The improvement in tear film quality (measured by TBUT) was shown after application of trehalose/hyaluronate tear substitute for one month in both, glaucoma and control group patients with mild to moderate dry eye symptoms. Methods: For 351 eyes (275 patients) who underwent DMEK for Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD), donor ECD decrease as compared to preoperative donor ECD was evaluated up to four years after surgery. The present study included fundus images of 111 individuals with a mean refractive error of -9.3 ± 3.8 diopters (range:-20.8, +1.75) and an axial length of 26.8 ± 1.9 mm (range: 22.55, 30.88) Results: The disc-fovea distance increased significantly with longer axial length, with a relatively flat slope in the non-highly myopic eyes (Disc-Fovea-Distance = 24.3 × Axial Length (mm)+514) and a steeper slope in the highly myopic group (Disc-Fovea-Distance = 58.7 × Axial Length (mm)-460). abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7444158/ doi: 10.1007/s00347-020-01197-0 id: cord-014462-11ggaqf1 author: nan title: Abstracts of the Papers Presented in the XIX National Conference of Indian Virological Society, “Recent Trends in Viral Disease Problems and Management”, on 18–20 March, 2010, at S.V. University, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh date: 2011-04-21 words: 35453.0 sentences: 1711.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-014462-11ggaqf1.txt txt: ./txt/cord-014462-11ggaqf1.txt summary: Molecular diagnosis based on reverse transcription (RT)-PCR s.a. one step or nested PCR, nucleic acid sequence based amplification (NASBA), or real time RT-PCR, has gradually replaced the virus isolation method as the new standard for the detection of dengue virus in acute phase serum samples. Non-genetic methods of management of these diseases include quarantine measures, eradication of infected plants and weed hosts, crop rotation, use of certified virus-free seed or planting stock and use of pesticides to control insect vector populations implicated in transmission of viruses. The results of this study indicate that NS1 antigen based ELISA test can be an useful tool to detect the dengue virus infection in patients during the early acute phase of disease since appearance of IgM antibodies usually occur after fifth day of the infection. The studies showed high level of expression in case of constructed vector as compared to infected virus for the specific protein. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3639731/ doi: 10.1007/s13337-011-0027-2 id: cord-014516-r59usk02 author: nan title: Research Communications of the 24th ECVIM‐CA Congress date: 2015-01-10 words: 55041.0 sentences: 2919.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-014516-r59usk02.txt txt: ./txt/cord-014516-r59usk02.txt summary: Serum prolactin concentration measured in 22/23 dogs at time zero, 6 weeks and 6 months was 3.35 ng/ml (range, 1.4-6.36), 3.57 ng/ml (range, 1.87-7.39) and 3.92 ng/ml (range, 2.01-12.92) and did not differ significantly in either time period when compared with time zero (P = 0.99 and P = 0.52).Altogether, results of this study failed to demonstrate a significant role of thyroid supplementation on the majority of evaluated behavioural symptoms as well as neurohormonal status of hypothyroid dogs during 6 months of therapy. The aims of the present study were (1) to describe a clinical series of recent autochtonous cases and (2) to retrospectively assess Angiostrongylus vasorum qPCR in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples, collected over the last 7 years from a larger series of dogs, healthy or with other respiratory conditions, in order to investigate the past prevalence of the disease in Belgium. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4858066/ doi: 10.1111/jvim.12491 id: cord-014527-nvzfpntu author: nan title: Research Communications of the 25th ECVIM‐CA Congress date: 2015-11-09 words: 89238.0 sentences: 4996.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-014527-nvzfpntu.txt txt: ./txt/cord-014527-nvzfpntu.txt summary: A negative outcome was associated with higher fecal S100A12 concentrations in CE dogs, but the response to different forms of treatment and fecal S100A12 has not been reported, and this information will be important to further evaluate the utility of fecal S100A12 as a biomarker for gastrointestinal disease. Statistical analysis was performed using non-parametric 2-or multiple-group comparisons, the likelihood ratio to evaluate the association between groups of dogs and response to treatment, and a receiver operating characteristic curve to calculate sensitivity and specificity at the optimum cut-off concentration. The objectives of this study were to describe pulmonary transit time and myocardial perfusion normalized to heart rate (nPTT and nMP, respectively), evaluated by means of contrast echocardiography, in dogs with stable stage C ACVIM myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD), and to assess short-term effects of pimobendan on these parameters. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4913621/ doi: 10.1111/jvim.13647 id: cord-014670-e31g8lns author: nan title: Poster Sessions 313-503 date: 2004-10-05 words: 28575.0 sentences: 1706.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-014670-e31g8lns.txt txt: ./txt/cord-014670-e31g8lns.txt summary: Over a 12-month period patients who needed reintubation after successful trial of weaning and planned extubation, in a polyvalent intensive care unit (ICU) were identified.Data including clinical features (age, sex, SAPS II on admission, Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) on day of extubation, type of patient, length of intubation and mechanical ventilation (MV) before extubation, length of ICU stay (LOS), ICU and hospital mortality) were collected.Moreover we considered two parameters that asses airway patency and protection like predictors of EF:cough strength and suctioning frequency after extubation.Cough strength on command was measured with a semiobjective scale of 0 to 5 (0= weak cough, 5= strong cough). (3/23)(13.2%), pulmonary embolism(1/23)(4.3%)and severe sepsis(1/23)(4.3%).Seven of patients who received reintubation a cause of defective airway manage needed at least one suctioning every two hours; moreover the same patients and other three with alteration in neurological function had weak cough (grade 0 to 2).The LOS of EF patients was 23±24.3 days, their ICU and hospital mortality were 39.1% and 47.8%, respectively, both higher when compared with not reintubated patients.Results of logistic regression showed that SAPS II is the only independent risk-factor of reintubation (odds ratio 1.056, sig. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7079826/ doi: 10.1007/s00134-004-2406-2 id: cord-014685-ihh30q6f author: nan title: Posters P788 - P999 date: 2005-09-21 words: nan sentences: nan pages: flesch: nan cache: txt: summary: abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7080055/ doi: 10.1007/s00249-005-0504-x id: cord-014687-0am4l5ms author: nan title: SPR 2012 date: 2012-03-29 words: 98592.0 sentences: 5600.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-014687-0am4l5ms.txt txt: ./txt/cord-014687-0am4l5ms.txt summary: This presentation will focus on recent developments that have lead to a better understanding of the embryopathogenesis for fibropolycystic liver diseases (including choledochal cysts and Caroli disease), histopathological findings that have led to new classification systems for of pediatric vascular anomalies, technological advances and contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging that are useful to characterize and limit the differential diagnosis of hepatic masses. Disclosure: Dr. Annapragada has indicated that he is a stock holder and consultant for Marval Biosciences Inc. Paper #: PA-067 Cardiovascular Image Quality Using a Nanoparticle CT Contrast Agent: Preliminary Studies in a Pig Model Rajesh Krishnamurthy, Radiology, Texas Children''s Hospital, rxkrishn@texaschildrens.org; Ketan Ghaghada, Prakash Masand, Abhay Divekar, Eric Hoffman, Ananth Annapragada Purpose or Case Report: Image quality in a separate study using a long circulating, liposomal-based nanoscale blood pool iodinated contrast agent (NCTX) suggests clinical utility in pediatrics, potentially reducing difficulties in contrast-CT of children with congenital heart disease (CHD) including the size of intravenous cannula, need for accurate timing, inability to simultaneously opacify multiple targets of interest (requiring repeated contrast administration and/or repeated imaging). abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7080092/ doi: 10.1007/s00247-012-2356-8 id: cord-014794-yppi30a0 author: nan title: 19th European Congress of Pathology, Ljubljana, Slovenia, September 6-11, 2003 date: 2003-07-31 words: 158059.0 sentences: 9041.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-014794-yppi30a0.txt txt: ./txt/cord-014794-yppi30a0.txt summary: These parts were in a high percentage associated with fibrosis and lymphocyte rich areas and showed a higher mitotic activity than usual PTCs. Discussion The differences in the occurrence of TCV and TCmorphology between the presented series and previously reported cases might result from until now not clearly defined tall cell morphology as well as from similarities to PTCs, such as the oxyphilic variant, which is extremely rare in our series, and maybe also from often described squamous changes within PTCs. Due to these data it is not clear which tumor parts have relevance for prognosis and which tumors should be treated more aggressively than others. The aims of this study were to characterize the group of patients with BSOT and evaluate the significance of various molecular markers expression versus serous papillary ovarian carcinomas (SPOC) Material and methods We analyzed a total of 102 cases including: 64 cystadenoma, 10 borderline and 28 cystadenocarcinoma. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7087991/ doi: 10.1007/s00428-003-0864-5 id: cord-014987-nycbjqn6 author: nan title: OP 0364-0412 date: 2006-08-24 words: 9795.0 sentences: 580.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-014987-nycbjqn6.txt txt: ./txt/cord-014987-nycbjqn6.txt summary: In the "Prevalence of severe sepsis and septic shock in Intensive Care Units in Germany" study, a prospective observational cross-sectional study, data from 454 ICUs in 310 randomly selected hospitals in Germany were collected by local one-day visits of trained physicians from SepNet''s 17 regional study centers. Despite the higher APACHE II score in both groups (median score 21 or 18.5, respectively compared with 16.5 in the enteral group, p<0.01) our results indicate that parenteral nutrition has an important attributable effect on mortality in septic patients. In this follow up study, we document the impact of intensive insulin therapy on long term mortality and objective and subjective well-being of high risk cardiac surgical patients. 4 years after ICU-admission, we assessed long term outcome of the subgroup of cardiac surgical patients (N=970) included in the original insulin trial (1) . abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7094891/ doi: 10.1007/s00134-006-0318-z id: cord-014996-p6q0f37c author: nan title: Posters_Monday_12 October 2009 date: 2009-08-06 words: 85190.0 sentences: 5288.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-014996-p6q0f37c.txt txt: ./txt/cord-014996-p6q0f37c.txt summary: Data recorded on admission were the patient demographics with, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II score (APACHE II), and type of admission; during intensive care stay, sepsis-related organ failure assessment score (SOFA) and clinical concomitant factors and conditions. For each severe septic patient the following data was registered: time delay, APACHE II and SOFA scores at ICU admission, diagnosis, the rate of compliance with the resucitation and management bundles, microbiological data, evolution of levels of serum lactate, empiric antibiotic therapy, length of stay and mortality in ICU. Sepsis and septic shock remain the most important causes of acute kidney injury (AKI) in critically ill patients and account for more than 50% of cases of acute renal failure (ARF) in intensive care units (ICU). There were no significant differences between the demographic data (sex, age) or the data on admission to intensive care (APACHE II score, ratio of medical to surgical patients) and duration of mechanical ventilation between the two groups. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7094934/ doi: 10.1007/s00134-009-1593-2 id: cord-015021-pol2qm74 author: nan title: Third International Congress on the Immune Consequences of Trauma, Shock and Sepsis —Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches date: 1994 words: 162327.0 sentences: 9379.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-015021-pol2qm74.txt txt: ./txt/cord-015021-pol2qm74.txt summary: It is our current understanding that LPS is responsible for many of the pathophysiological events observed during gramnegative infections and that one of the major mechanisms leading to shock and death is the LPS-induced activation of macrophages resulting in the production and release of lipid and peptide mediators, among which tumor necrosis factor seems to be the most important. However plasma IL-6 estimation revealed a statistically significant reduction at 6 hours in tanrine-treated animals compared to glycino and TW controls ( Objective: To evaluate the effects of allogeneic blood transfusion, thermal injury and bacterial garage on interteukin 4 (IL-4), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) production and host mortality and to study if the administration of thymopentth (THY) could affect these events. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7095072/ doi: 10.1007/bf02258437 id: cord-015024-2xzc0uc5 author: nan title: ESICM 2010 WEDNESDAY SESSIONS 13 October 2010 date: 2010-08-31 words: 84393.0 sentences: 5234.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-015024-2xzc0uc5.txt txt: ./txt/cord-015024-2xzc0uc5.txt summary: We performed a prospective clinical study in a 17-bed multidisciplinary intensive care unit, including 21 patients with controlled mechanical ventilation and monitored with the Vigileo Ò monitor, for whom the decision to give fluids was taken due to the presence of circulatory, including arterial hypotension (MAP B 65 mmHg or systolic arterial pressure \90 mmHg), and preserved preload-responsiveness condition, defined as SVV C10%. The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate four severity scoring systems in intensive care unit (ICU), including APACHE II, APACHE III, SASP II and MODS in severe septic patient. A prospective observational study was performed in 16 mechanically ventilated critically ill patients (12 M, age 49 ± 17 yr, BMI 25 ± 5 kg/m 2 , ICU admission day 5 ± 3, APACHE II on study 20 ± 7; mean ± SD) and 6 healthy subjects (3 M, age 24 ± 9 year, BMI 24 ± 45 kg/m 2 ). abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7095088/ doi: 10.1007/s00134-010-2001-7 id: cord-015082-l629n8is author: nan title: Poster Sessions 323-461 date: 2002-08-29 words: 26569.0 sentences: 1648.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-015082-l629n8is.txt txt: ./txt/cord-015082-l629n8is.txt summary: 14 patients awaiting urgent cardiac surgical re-vascularisation were studied with measurement of: spirometry; percentage increase in transfer factor from sitting to lying position (TF) as an indicator of micro-vascular lung disease; overnight oximetry on air; and 24hour holter monitoring Patients, who were reintubated on decreased indices of arterial oxygenation under MOSF progressing died in 100% cases ( NIMV is effective method in complex therapy of ARF, developing in postoperative period after cardiac surgery, that leads to significant improvement of lungs biomechanics and gases change function. In a prospective observational study we performed bedside ptO2 measurements in 8 patients with sepsis/septic shock to gain insight in ptO2 values and their dynamic changes related to the course of the illness, as well as investigating the practical applicability of tissue oxygen measurement in the ICU setting. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7095316/ doi: 10.1007/s00134-002-1455-7 id: cord-015090-n6f4xupw author: nan title: PS 339-563 date: 2005-09-10 words: 26280.0 sentences: 1560.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-015090-n6f4xupw.txt txt: ./txt/cord-015090-n6f4xupw.txt summary: We designed this study to examine the effects of fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) with and without BAL on body temperature, systemic arterial pressure, heart rate and supportive therapies requirements in mechanically ventilated patients. Clinical characteristics (Glasgow scale, heart rate, systolic blood pressure), cardiac enzymes (troponin I, total serum creatine kinase and myocardial isoenzyme, myoglobin), ECG changes (ST-T changes, prolonged QT and corrected QT intervals), echocardiographic assessment of cardiac function (left ventricular ejection fraction, hypokinesia) were studied on the day of the admission. It is a prospective study performed during 12 months of the patients with brain trauma admitted in a 24-beds medical-surgical ICU of a 650-beds university hospital. This prospective observational study included 200 adult patients admitted to a 31-bed university hospital medical-surgical ICU during a 3-month period. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7095344/ doi: 10.1007/s00134-005-2780-4 id: cord-015126-cyhcbk1j author: nan title: PS 0036-0344 date: 2007-08-25 words: 59175.0 sentences: 3672.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-015126-cyhcbk1j.txt txt: ./txt/cord-015126-cyhcbk1j.txt summary: We compared them with ≥70 years old and an ICU stay < 30 days patients, the differences in ICU mortality, Apache II, age, gender and the necessity for renal replacement therapy (RRT) were not significant (see table) . The patients with mild form of acute pancreatitis had low mortality rate (similar to general ward population) despite positive ICU admission criteria in our case series with fifty per cent development of severe form with organ dysfunction/failure later on. Collected data:Demographics,Management prior and during ICU hospitalization (sedation, catecolamin drug use, blood product transfusion, intra-cranial pressure monitoring, neurosurgical emergency surgery etc.),CT-Scan results, Daily worst Glasgow coma scale, admission Simplified Acute Physiology Score II. This prospective interventional study performed in a surgical Intensive Care Unit of a tertiary University Hospital included 35 (21 males) mechanically ventilated and sedated patients with acute cardiovascular failure requiring cardiac output measurement (transpulmonary thermodilution technique)and a fluid challenge. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7095535/ doi: 10.1007/s00134-007-0820-y id: cord-015147-h0o0yqv8 author: nan title: Oral Communications and Posters date: 2014-09-12 words: 73711.0 sentences: 3862.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-015147-h0o0yqv8.txt txt: ./txt/cord-015147-h0o0yqv8.txt summary: Cyclooxygenases (COX) catalyze the first step in the synthesis of prostaglandins (PG) from arachidonic acid.COX-1 is constitutively expressed.The COX-2 gene is an immediate early-response gene that is induced by variety of mitogenic and inflammatory stimuli.Levels of COX-2 are increased in both inflamed and malignant tissues.In inflamed tissues, there is both pharmacological and genetic evidence that targeting COX-2 can either improve (e.g., osteoarthritis) or exacerbate symptoms (e.g., inflammatory bowel disease).Multiple lines of evidence suggest that COX-2 plays a significant role in carcinogenesis.The most specific data that support a cause-and effect relationship between COX-2 and tumorigenesis come from genetic studies.Overexpression of COX-2 has been observed to drive tumor formation whereas COX-2 deficiency protects against several tumor types.Selective COX-2 inhibitors protect against the formation and growth of experimental tumors.Moreover, selective COX-2 inhibitors are active in preventing colorectal adenomas in humans.Increased amounts of COX-2-derived PGE2 are found in both inflamed and neoplastic tissues.The fact that PGE2 can stimulate cell proliferation, inhibit apoptosis and induce angiogenesis fits with evidence that induction of COX-2 contributes to both wound healing and tumor growth.Taken together, it seems likely that COX-2 induction contributes to wound healing in response to injury but reduces the threshold for carcinogenesis. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7095932/ doi: 10.1007/bf03353884 id: cord-015306-us58wwmp author: nan title: Abstracts for the IPNA Congress, 30 August - 3 September 2013, Shanghai, China date: 2013-06-21 words: 71194.0 sentences: 4580.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-015306-us58wwmp.txt txt: ./txt/cord-015306-us58wwmp.txt summary: The incidence of renal involvement varies from 20 to 60% and there have been some reports showing that nephritis might be related to an older age at onset, persistent purpura (> 1 month), severe abdominal pain, and relapsing disease.Recently, several studies have shown that galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) is recognized by anti-glycan antibodies, resulting in the formation of the circulating immune complexes and their mesangial deposition causing renal injury in HSP nephritis and serum galactose-deficient IgA1 levels were highly inherited in children with HSP nephritis.Regarding the treatment of HSP, one randomized double-blinded controlled study recently showed that patients with abdiminal pain or arthralgia may benefit from early treatment with prednisone, but the drug has not been proven to be capable of preventing the development of renal symptoms. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7101731/ doi: 10.1007/s00467-013-2518-4 id: cord-015324-y44sfr0c author: nan title: Scientific Programme date: 2007-09-01 words: 197618.0 sentences: 12774.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-015324-y44sfr0c.txt txt: ./txt/cord-015324-y44sfr0c.txt summary: In order to further validate this approach, we performed a prospective randomized open-label multicenter trial in 41 low-risk pediatric renal transplant recipients (12 f, 29 m; mean age 10.1 yrs; range, 3.4 to 17.8) on CsA (target trough level 100-200 ng/ml), MMF (1200 mg/m 2 per day) and methylprednisolone (3) (4) mg/m 2 per day), who were randomly assigned >1 year posttransplant to continue steroids or to withdraw over a period of 3 months. We evaluated MMF in 15 children with LN, 11 F/4 M, mean age: 12.4±3.9 yrs, proteinuria >3 g/day, decreased C3 and increased anti-dsDNA serum levels, normal renal function. Patients and methods: 91 children and adolescents (60 male, 31 female, mean age at transplantation 9.7±5.2 years) with stable renal function and observation period exceeding 6 months were included. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7101932/ doi: 10.1007/s00467-007-0558-3 id: cord-015334-8p124rwp author: nan title: ESCP 36th European Symposium on Clinical Pharmacy ‘Implementing Clinical Pharmacy in Community and Hospital Settings: Sharing the Experience’, Istanbul, Turkey 25–27 October 2007; Abstracts date: 2008-06-11 words: 51143.0 sentences: 3291.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-015334-8p124rwp.txt txt: ./txt/cord-015334-8p124rwp.txt summary: Based on the results of the pharmacoeconomic analysis, development of clinical pharmacy and CIVAS for some drugs will be discussed with the paediatric department Background and Objective: Studies show that up to 38% of patients starting treatment with antidepressants fill only a single prescription at the pharmacy, apparently not accepting treatment. Main Outcome Measures: Data collected were: nurses'' profile (age, length of service, competencies'' self-assessment), knowledge on drugs prescribed to their patients (usage, administration, side-effects, drug interactions…), use of existing tools (i.e. drugs database) and possible tools to be developed by the pharmacy ward to help them in their daily practice. The objectives were:(1)To identify the most relevant minor ailments, agreeing on the specific criteria for referral to the GP.(2)To select the non-prescription drugs, with evidence of safety and effectiveness, for the treatment of the identified minor ailments Design: Qualitative study with an expert panel which was made up of 2 primary care physician from SEMFYC and six community pharmacists (two members of SEFAC and four members of GIAF-UGR). abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7102062/ doi: 10.1007/s11096-008-9226-3 id: cord-015335-l0kjxhd1 author: nan title: Irish Society of Gastroenterology: Proceedings for summer meeting – 26th/27th May 1995 in Galway date: 1995 words: 8724.0 sentences: 508.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-015335-l0kjxhd1.txt txt: ./txt/cord-015335-l0kjxhd1.txt summary: The results suggest that an aneuploid DNA pattern is a predictor of high risk potential for metastases to the liver and may be a useful tool in the "followup" of patients with gastric carcinoma in detecting those at high risk of developing metastases following surgical resection. A partially purified preparation of oesophageal tumour-derived inimune suppressor factor that has been shown to be free of all known cytokines was tested in dose-ranging studies on cell proliferation and apoptosis using lymphocytes from the mutant and control mice. Currie et al have demonstrated that arginase is cytotoxic to tumour cells by depletion of the essential amino acid L-arginine, therefore the aim of this study was to determine the role of this enzyme in colorectal tumour-derived MOs. Human peripheral blood monocytes (PBM) were isolated from aged-matched controls (CON) and from blood pre-operatively obtained from patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7102063/ doi: 10.1007/bf02967835 id: cord-015348-qt0worsl author: nan title: Abstract date: 2010-07-30 words: 74085.0 sentences: 4714.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-015348-qt0worsl.txt txt: ./txt/cord-015348-qt0worsl.txt summary: However, the application of the compounds in clinical trials has revealed promising results only when predictive procedures have been available for determining which patients will benefit from targeting therapy, so-called eligibility or predictive tests, e.g. Her2 in breast cancer, KRAS and EGFR mutations in colorectal cancer and non-small cell lung cancer. Conclusion: We report on the development of a quantitative tissue-based immunohistochemical (IHC) methodology employing activation-specific antibodies against multiple components of the BCR signaling pathway that will assess the activity of the BCR pathway in formalin-fixed paraffinembedded primary DLBCLs. This approach will identify the subset of patient tumors that are actively signaling through the BCR pathway and, therefore, will predict therapeutic responsiveness to targeted inhibition of BCR signaling. Method: In our study, we investigate 120 cases diagnosed with invasive breast carcinoma in which we established microscopic characterization, immunohistochemical profiles (expression of proliferation markers, steroid receptors and Her2) and computer-assisted morphometric profiles by determining the mean values for nuclear area, cellular area and N/C ratio with Lucia Net Software. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7102354/ doi: 10.1007/s00428-010-0947-z id: cord-015352-2d02eq3y author: nan title: ESPR 2017 date: 2017-04-26 words: 82253.0 sentences: 4479.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-015352-2d02eq3y.txt txt: ./txt/cord-015352-2d02eq3y.txt summary: Lapierre; Montreal/CA Summary: Objectives: To review the classification of visceroatrial situs To describe the associated cardiac and non-cardiac anomalies To illustrate typical findings in fetuses, neonates and children To discuss the surgical consideration and the long-term follow-up in these patients Abstract: By definition, the type of situs is determined by the relationship between the atria and the adjacent organs. As is often the case, radiology in JIA is all about: knowing your clinicians (i.e. the pretest likelihood for disease) being technically eloquent (e.g. using high-resolution US probes, not delaying post-contrast MRI acquisitions) knowing what is normal (e.g. normal undulations in the articular surface, focal bone marrow signal variation) not being dogmatic about individual observations or measurements interpreting your findings in a clinical context The lecture will demonstrate similarities and differences among joints and modalities in children with variable-severity JIA. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7103096/ doi: 10.1007/s00247-017-3820-2 id: cord-015354-yknwveyz author: nan title: Abstracts_Poster presentations date: 2007-09-18 words: 221428.0 sentences: 13119.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-015354-yknwveyz.txt txt: ./txt/cord-015354-yknwveyz.txt summary: Material and Methods: Fourteen individuals (mean age 47±19y range 21-75y; 4W, 10M; including 10 volunteers and 4 patients with angiographically proved CAD) underwent dynamic PET imaging studies (21 frames) at rest and during adenosine stress (0.14mg/kg/min for 6 min) after injection of 1100MBq of 82Rb (Discovery LS, GEMS). Methods:Twenty-nine patients (21 males,8 females;62±11 yrs) with recent AMI were studied.Within 6 days after AMI, the patients were performed Tl-201 R-RD perfusion SPECT using 4 mCi activity.CMR was carried out 5-20 minutes after 0,15 mmol/kg of iv.Gadobutrol injection.Myocardial perfusion and contrast enhancement was analyzed using a 17 segment model.Myocardial perfusion was scored in Tl-201 SPECT as follows:0=normal (70%-100% maximal myocardial activity(mma), 1= 69-50% mma, 2= 49-30% mma ,3=29-10% mma and 4=<10% mma ;Myocardial contrast enhancement on CMR images was graded as:0=no contrast enhancement, 1=hyperenhancement of 0-25% of the wall thickness(WT) 2=hyperenhancement of 26-50 % of the WT, 3=hyperenhancement of 51-75 % of WT and 4=hyperenhancement of 76-100 % of WT.In CMR the existence of microvascular obstruction(MO) was also evaluated.Total segment scores(TSS) in R,RD and CMR for each patient were calculated by summing of 17 segment score values. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7103105/ doi: 10.1007/s00259-007-0544-9 id: cord-015359-gf32a6f1 author: nan title: B scientific sessions (SS) date: 2002 words: 159591.0 sentences: 9768.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-015359-gf32a6f1.txt txt: ./txt/cord-015359-gf32a6f1.txt summary: Methods and materials: 73 consecutive patients, clinically considered to have stage 1B tumour (confined to the cervix), underwent MR imaging studies at 1 T, according to the following protocol: fast spin-echo (FSE) T2-weighted, gadoliniumenhanced SE Tl-weighted, and fat-suppressed gadolinium-enhanced SE Tlweighted sequences. Purpose: To describe the radiological (thin section CT) findings correlated to activity and remission in ANCA associated pulmonary-renal small vessel vasculitis (SVV) Material and methods: We used retrospective analysis of 37 CTs, 27 in disease activity (8 first manifestations, 19 relapses) 10 im remission of 17 patients with pulmorenal syndrome (9 Wegener, 4 microscopic polyangiitis-MPA, 3 Churg-Strauss-syndrome, 1 idiopathic crescentic glomerulonephritis following the Chapel Hill classification) 7 women, 10 men, median 65.5 years (34 -84). Varghese, P.R. Mueller; Boston, MA/US Purpose: We sought to determine the incidence of malignancy and to assess a possible role for image guided biopsy of this category of renal masses Materials & methods: Of the 397 renal biopsies performed at our institution between 1991 and 2000; a total of 28 patients with 28 category III lesions, were identified for analysis. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7103164/ doi: 10.1007/s00330-002-0002-9 id: cord-015368-a0qz4tb9 author: nan title: 48th Annual Meeting of the Austrian Society of Surgery, Graz, June 7–9, 2007 date: 2007 words: 86620.0 sentences: 6042.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-015368-a0qz4tb9.txt txt: ./txt/cord-015368-a0qz4tb9.txt summary: Surgical treatment and evaluation, complications, short and long term patency of our patients were compared to interventional techniques and international literature. The aim of the study was to investigate: i) relevant and combined determinants of the development, management and outcome of a representative patient cohort (n ¼ 9.991) with acute appendicitis enrolled in a prospective unicenter study through a time period of 27 years (middle Europe), and ii) the frequency and impact of specific categories (e.g., characteristics of the medical history, clinical and intraoperative findings, complications), correlation and relative risk factors of the disease and its prognosis. From 01=1997 until 12=2006 198 TEM procedures were performed in 194 patients, 104 males, 90 females, mean age was 68.9 years (38-91), the median hospital stay was 8 days . No conversion to open technique had to be performed, no postoperative surgical complications were observed, one patient died 4 weeks postoperative due to liver failure following esophageal varices bleeding. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7103188/ doi: 10.1007/s10353-007-0330-8 id: cord-015372-76xvzvdg author: nan title: National scientific medical meeting 1996 abstracts date: 1996 words: 36596.0 sentences: 2204.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-015372-76xvzvdg.txt txt: ./txt/cord-015372-76xvzvdg.txt summary: One, two and five-year survival rates were examined; age at diagnosis and lesion type were extremely significant factors in relation to patient outcome. Patients'' age, sex, risk group, CDC stage, CD4 count, indication for therapy, complication rate and response to treatment are described. Fifty-eight patients (34 male, 24 female) ranging in age from 15 to 65 years (Mean + SD = 28.4 + 10.8) were included in the study. Among these 48 patients (mean age 68.0+12.7), after controlling for age and for the duration and continuity of subsequent antipsychotic treatment, increasing duration of initially untreated psychosis was associated with greater severity of negative symptoms (p<0.005) and with lower scores on the MMSE (p<0.05) but not with executive dysfunction on the EXIT (p=0.3). Conclusion Although not a population based study, care of IDDM in Ireland is almost totally hospital clinic based Cigarette smoking is identified as the major problem to be addressed Patients with diabetes meltitus (DM) are at a higher risk of developing vascular complications, including coronary artery disease (CAD). abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7103226/ doi: 10.1007/bf02945204 id: cord-015394-uj7fe5y6 author: nan title: Scientific Abstracts date: 2008-12-23 words: 242330.0 sentences: 15267.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-015394-uj7fe5y6.txt txt: ./txt/cord-015394-uj7fe5y6.txt summary: Studies involving immunohistochemical analysis of normal ovaries have shown that granulosa cells express significantly higher levels of the activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factor, cFos compared to theca cells, where cFos expression is virtually absent. Following acute hypoxia (0.5% O2) for one to six hours, RhoA mRNA, total protein and activation (RhoA-GTP) levels were analysed, using semi-quantitative PCRs and western blot, and compared to normoxic non-pregnant human uterine smooth muscle control cells. Since there is an urgent need for non-invasive methods for determination of fetal (F) and placental (P) function, this study was designed to evaluate the genes differently and commonly expressed in P tissue and leukocytes in maternal (M) and F circulation.Material and Methods. The current study: 1) localized IL-6 mRNA levels in preeclamptic versus normal decidual sections; 2) evaluated mechanisms regulating IL-6 synthesis by targeting intracellular signaling pathways with specific inhibitors; 3) identified potential IL-6 targets by immunolocalizing the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) to specific cell types in placental bed biopsies. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7104449/ doi: 10.1177/19337191080150020102 id: cord-015569-vy49r1zd author: nan title: Abstracts from the 45(th) Annual Meeting of Japanese Association for the Stusy of Taste and Smell (JASTS 2011), Kanazawa, Japan, October 5-7(th), 2011 (The president of the meeting was Dr. Takaki Miwa, Kanazawa Medical University) date: 2012-05-17 words: 18852.0 sentences: 939.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-015569-vy49r1zd.txt txt: ./txt/cord-015569-vy49r1zd.txt summary: In this study, in order to test whether the cadherins are required for formation of synapse between gustatory nerve fibers and taste receptor cells, we have investigated expression patterns of cadherin superfamily in the taste buds. Therefore, this study aimed to examine differences in immunoreactivities under various tissue-preparing conditions in rat vallate taste buds for some typical markers of gustatory cells as follows: gustducin, type III inositol triphosphate receptor (IP 3 R3), synaptobrevin-2 (VAMP2), protein gene product 9.5 (PGP9.5), and neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM). Mainly developing artificial-lipids-based taste sensors with global selectivity, our research group have studied for realization of Ã�taste-odor fusion biosensor system,Ã� which estimates quality (deliciousness and safety) of foods or beverages using several sensor outputs through analysis and evaluation of subjective-objective relation. As a first step, we conducted a series of human sensory tests to investigate perceptual similarities between odorants, and then compared the results with activity patterns evoked on the glomerular layer of the olfactory bulb in rats. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7109919/ doi: 10.1093/chemse/bjs052 id: cord-017248-a37t31u1 author: nan title: Alphabetic Listing of Diseases and Conditions date: 2010-05-17 words: 48753.0 sentences: 4281.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-017248-a37t31u1.txt txt: ./txt/cord-017248-a37t31u1.txt summary: Possible Associated Conditions: Disseminated intravascular coagulation;* eclampsia;* glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency (G6PD); hemolytic uremic syndrome;* malignant hypertension; lymphoma* and other malignancies; paroxysmal nocturnal hemo-globinuria; sickle cell disease;*thalassemia;* thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.* (See also below under "NOTE.") NOTE: Hemolysis also may be caused by conditions such as poisoning with chemicals or drugs, heat injury, snake bite,* or infections or may develop as a transfusion reaction* or be secondary to adenocarcinoma, heart valve prostheses (see below), liver disease (see below), renal disease, or congenital erythropoietic porphyria. Unusual under-lying or associated conditions include chronic aortic stenosis or regurgitation; coronary artery anomalies; coronary artery dissection; coronary embolism; coronary ostial stenosis (due to calcification of aortic sinotubular junction or, rarely, to syphilitic aortitis); coronary vasculitis (for instance, in polyarteritis nodosa* or acute hypersensitivity arteritis); hyperthyroidism,* gastrointestinal hemorrhage; * hypothyroidism, * idiopathic arterial calcification of infancy; intramural coronary amyloidosis; pheochromocytoma, polycythemia vera; * pseudoxanthoma elasticum,* radiationinduced coronary stenosis; severe pulmonary hypertension (with right ventricular ischemia); sickle cell disease;* and others. abstract: Part II begins with a list of special histologic stains, their for use and their corresponding references. At the end of this list is a procedure for removal of formalin precipitate from tissue sections. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7121759/ doi: 10.1007/978-1-59745-127-7_17 id: cord-019347-tj3ye1mx author: nan title: ABSTRACT BOOK date: 2010-02-19 words: 107926.0 sentences: 6940.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-019347-tj3ye1mx.txt txt: ./txt/cord-019347-tj3ye1mx.txt summary: Method:Case Report:A 15y/o w/f athlete presented with a two month history of recurrent hives and angioedema which she associated with ingestion of Halloween candy .One week before evaluation she had hives with Coconut as well.Her history was othewise unremarkable except for recurrent UTI''S, annual sinusitis, pneumonia in 1998 as well as migraines.She denied sexual activity.Her physical exam was normal.Results:An evaluation for autoimmune disease revealed normal ESR, ANA, DSDNA, mono and hepatitis serology as well as lyme titers however her CH50 was low17u/ml(normal 26-58U/ml)and evaluation of complement revealed c4 14mg/dl(normal 16-47mg//dl)and c2 <1.3mg/dl(normal 1.6-3.5mg/dl)with normal c3, c5-c9.Her father had nor-malc4 but c2 was 1.4mg/dl (normal 1.6-3.5mg/dl)Her sister had c2 of 1.5mg/dl and normal c4 and her mother had normal c2 and c4.Her workup included positive prick skin test to ragweed, ash and grass and she was started on Rhinocort and Clarinex seasonally.She has been followed for one year with resolution of hives and is asymptomatic.Her diagnosis had been confirmed by a pediatric rheumatologist.Conclusion;We present an atypical case of C2 complement deficiency in an currently asymptomatic individual. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7129269/ doi: 10.1016/s1081-1206(10)61294-x id: cord-019490-m1cuuehi author: nan title: Abstracts cont. date: 2015-12-28 words: 93588.0 sentences: 5683.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-019490-m1cuuehi.txt txt: ./txt/cord-019490-m1cuuehi.txt summary: Tigecycline Evaluation Surveillance Trial (TEST) -Global in vitro antibacterial activity against selected species of glucose non-fermenting organisms Objective: Despite the introduction of new antimicrobials to treat resistant gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus continues to be a therapeutic challenge for the clinician. Two prospective studies from our centre identified common causes of CAP in India to be Mycoplasma pneumoniae [MP] and Legionella pneumophila [LP] by serology in 11% each, and SPN in 10% by culture of respiratory secretions/blood/ Conclusion: Although SPN is the most common isolate, the rising numbers of gram negative organisms (38%) and atypical pathogens associated with increasing mortality stress the need for review of initial antibiotic choice for adults with higher PORT classes. Conclusion: The spectrum of isolates among our patients were shifting towards gram positive bacteria with high resistance to different groups of antimicrobial agents limiting few choices for alternative therapies for infection control. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7129916/ doi: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2005.clm_1134_02.x id: cord-020316-xr9h4c1q author: nan title: Million women study most wanted in 2003 date: 2004-04-10 words: 223.0 sentences: 22.0 pages: flesch: 46.0 cache: ./cache/cord-020316-xr9h4c1q.txt txt: ./txt/cord-020316-xr9h4c1q.txt summary: key: cord-020316-xr9h4c1q authors: nan cord_uid: xr9h4c1q nan MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol lowering with simvastatin in 20 536 high-risk individuals: a randomised placebo-controlled trial Prevention of coronary and stroke events with atorvastatin in hypertensive patients who have average or lower-than-average cholesterol concentrations, in the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial--Lipid Lowering Arm (ASCOT-LLA): a multicentre randomised controlled trial Comparison of carvedilol and metoprolol on clinical outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure in the Carvedilol Or Metoprolol European Trial (COMET): randomised controlled trial Advances in cystic fibrosis Cystic fibrosis Elusive schizophrenia genes Genes for schizophrenia? Detecting ovarian cancer Use of proteomic patterns in serum to identify ovarian cancer Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. Heart Protection Study Collaborative Group. MRC/BHF Heart Protection Study of cholesterol-lowering with simvastatin in 5963 people with diabetes: a randomised placebo-controlled trial Combination treatment of angiotensin-II receptor blocker and angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor in non-diabetic renal disease (COOPERATE): a randomised controlled trial abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7134876/ doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(04)15948-5 id: cord-021206-4zyqqgs0 author: nan title: Scientific and Educational Exhibits date: 2007 words: 138669.0 sentences: 8591.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-021206-4zyqqgs0.txt txt: ./txt/cord-021206-4zyqqgs0.txt summary: Purpose: To analyze the clinical and imaging fi ndings of BI-RADS category 3 breast lesions by mammographic and ultrasonographic (US) assessment ultimately diagnosed as malignancy in retrospect Methods and Materials: Of 3,207 cases of US-guided core needle biopsy for 4 years, category 3 was given after biopsy, based on mammographic and sonographic evaluation, in 1,099 lesions (41.7%) that were composed of 462 palpable and 637 nonpalpable lesions. Background: Regional kinesis alteration of IVS is associated with different cardiac conditions which may have both pathological and physiological meanings of which the most important are the following: a) left bundle branch block that may determine intra-left ventricular asynchrony and may represent an independent predictor of severe cardiac events in heart failure patients; b) pulmonary embolism that increase right ventricle pressure; c) constrictive pericarditis; d) restrictive cardiomyopathies; e) post-operative cardiac surgery. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7149153/ doi: 10.1007/s10406-007-0215-8 id: cord-022501-9wnmdvg5 author: nan title: P1460 – P1884 date: 2015-12-28 words: 128256.0 sentences: 7808.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-022501-9wnmdvg5.txt txt: ./txt/cord-022501-9wnmdvg5.txt summary: Methods: Using published data on (1) the prevalence of MRSA and other bacterial pathogens causing cSSSI in the US, (2) the in-vitro susceptibility rates of commonly used regimens in cSSSI in the US in relation to the most pervasive pathogens identified above, and (3) estimated costs of failure of initial, empiric treatment from a recent study of a large US multi-hospital database, we developed a model to predict the expected clinical and economic impact of increasing prevalence of MRSA. Small outbreaks of VEB-1 ESBL producing Acinetobacter baumannii in Belgian nursing homes and hospitals through cross-border transfer of patients from northern France Methods: From 01/04 to 03/05, all Belgian acute hospitals were invited to report cases of nosocomial infections/colonisations due to MDR Ab isolates presenting a resistance profile similar to the French epidemic strain (resistance to all agents except carbapenems and colistin) and to send such isolates to the reference laboratory for phenotypic confirmation and for genotypic characterization (PCR of VEB-1 and class 1 Integron, PFGE typing). abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7157935/ doi: 10.1111/j.1470-9465.2006.12_4_1431.x id: cord-022527-a0x6lws3 author: nan title: Eosinophils in Human Disease date: 2012-10-12 words: 56005.0 sentences: 2997.0 pages: flesch: 38.0 cache: ./cache/cord-022527-a0x6lws3.txt txt: ./txt/cord-022527-a0x6lws3.txt summary: The role of the eosinophils as key players in the pathophysiology of asthma has been debated, despite evidence that the cells are present and activated in the airway lumen and tissue 1 of patients with current asthma; are increased in number when asthma is uncontrolled 2 or severe 3 and decreased when asthma is controlled 4 ; and treatment strategies that aim to control airway eosinophilia are significantly more effective and less expensive in improving asthma control 5,6 and decreasing asthma exacerbations compared to guideline-based clinical strategies. 11 Since allergic asthma is primarily a T-helper type 2 (T h 2)-mediated disease, it is not surprising that cytokines driving eosinophilia are T h 2 cell products: specifically, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), interleukin-3 (IL-3), and interleukin-5 (IL-5), which signal through specific high-affinity cell-surface receptors linked to a common b-chaindall of which can act as eosinophil growth factors that promote formation of eosinophil/basophil (Eo/B) colony-forming units (CFU) in functional assays. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7158199/ doi: 10.1016/b978-0-12-394385-9.00013-4 id: cord-022633-fr55uod6 author: nan title: SAEM Abstracts, Plenary Session date: 2012-04-26 words: 147405.0 sentences: 8927.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-022633-fr55uod6.txt txt: ./txt/cord-022633-fr55uod6.txt summary: Staff satisfaction was evaluated through pre/ post-shift and study surveys; administrative data (physician initial assessment (PIA), length of stay (LOS), patients leaving without being seen (LWBS) and against medical advice [LAMA] ) were collected from an electronic, real-time ED information system. Communication Background: The link between extended shift lengths, sleepiness, and occupational injury or illness has been shown, in other health care populations, to be an important and preventable public health concern but heretofore has not been fully described in emergency medical services (EMS Objectives: To assess the effect of an ED-based computer screening and referral intervention for IPV victims and to determine what characteristics resulted in a positive change in their safety. Objectives: Using data from longitudinal surveys by the American Board of Emergency Medicine, the primary objective of this study was to evaluate if resident self-assessments of performance in required competencies improve over the course of graduate medical training and in the years following. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7159364/ doi: 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2012.01332.x id: cord-022650-phsr10jp author: nan title: Abstracts TPS date: 2018-08-14 words: 119675.0 sentences: 7010.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-022650-phsr10jp.txt txt: ./txt/cord-022650-phsr10jp.txt summary: 0685 | Skin prick test reactivity to aeroallergens in adult allergy clinic in a tertiary hospital: a 12-year retrospective study Results: Five different human sera were screened for specific IgE level against 29 different allergen sources using test methods of three different suppliers. Conclusion: This multicenter prospective study confirmed that stepwise single-dose OFC to egg will help to clarify the severity of egg allergy, and will contribute to improved food allergy manageMethod: The study design was a retrospective cohort study extracting data from the electronic chart of children older than 4 years who visited our out-patient clinic for egg or milk allergy and who underwent an oral food challenge test (OFC) twice within 24 months between November 2013 and December 2017. Results: In the base case analysis, using Italy clinical practice patients with moderate-to severe allergic rhino-conjunctivitis (SS ranging from 6 to 15 points) and a mean age at entry of 21 years, both SCIT and SLIT were associated with increased cost but superior efficacy compared to pharmacotherapy alone. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7159469/ doi: 10.1111/all.13539 id: cord-022653-qa1uph35 author: nan title: Poster Discussion Session PDS date: 2017-08-30 words: 58292.0 sentences: 3300.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-022653-qa1uph35.txt txt: ./txt/cord-022653-qa1uph35.txt summary: 0206 | G protein coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) regulates endothelial permeability induced by Bradykinin 0208 | Pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of c1 esterase inhibitor of chronic urticaria challenges most commonly identified were the following: time of onset of disease; frequency/duration of and provoking factors for wheals; diurnal variation; occurrence in relation to weekends, holidays, and foreign travel; shape, size, and distribution of wheals; associated angioedema; associated subjective symptoms of lesions; family and personal history regarding urticaria, atopy; previous or current allergies, infections, internal diseases, or other possible causes; psychosomatic and psychiatric diseases; surgical implantations and events during surgery; gastric/ intestinal problems; induction by physical agents or exercise; use of drugs; food allergies; relationship to the menstrual cycle; smoking habits; type of work, hobbies; stress; quality of life and emotional impact; previous therapy and response to therapy, and previous diagnostic procedures/results. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7159476/ doi: 10.1111/all.13251 id: cord-022659-chwk2bs4 author: nan title: Abstracts: Poster session date: 2004-10-08 words: 49153.0 sentences: 2598.0 pages: flesch: 49.0 cache: ./cache/cord-022659-chwk2bs4.txt txt: ./txt/cord-022659-chwk2bs4.txt summary: We investigated the usefulness of informant-based data in Alzheimer''s disease (AD) by comparing caregivers'' subjective evaluations of 83 probable A D patients'' performance on an abbreviated version of the Memory Self-Report Questionnaire to objective evaluations derived from an extensive battery of neuropsychological tests and to clinicians'' evaluations. Compared with 89 subjects (mean age 75.2 yr; 34 men, 55 women) with dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT), there were no significant group differences for comparable Clinical Dementia Rating stages of dementia for measures of language, Activities of Daily Living, or general cognition. The mean age at onset did not differ significantly between handedness groups (F [ l,lOO] = .82), but the mean duration of symptoms ( Alterations in the optical properties of brain can be used to detect pathological changes in patients with Alzheimer''s disease (AD). abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7159508/ doi: 10.1002/ana.410320224 id: cord-022888-dnsdg04n author: nan title: Poster Sessions date: 2009-08-19 words: 188640.0 sentences: 9313.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-022888-dnsdg04n.txt txt: ./txt/cord-022888-dnsdg04n.txt summary: Methods: Phospho-specific Western blot analyses were performed to verify the functionality of the different IFN-g pathway components, intra-and extracellular flow cytometry experiments were employed to determine the expression of antigen processing components and HLA class I cell surface antigens, quantitative real time-PCR experiments to confirm the absence of JAK2 and presence of pathway relevant molecules as well as, genomic PCR and chromosome typing technique to prove the deletion of JAK2. In order to accomplish these objectives we induced priming or tolerance of ovalbumin (OVA 323-339 peptide)-specific T cells from DO11.10 TCR transgenic mice in vitro or, following adoptive transfer of near physiologically relevant numbers of such cells into recipients, in vivo and correlated functional outcome (via proliferation and cytokine readout assays or antibody production) with E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases expression and the ubiquitination status of the TCR signalling machinery. abstract: No Abtract url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7163517/ doi: 10.1002/eji.200990224 id: cord-022940-atbjwpo5 author: nan title: Poster Sessions date: 2016-09-07 words: 241182.0 sentences: 12746.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-022940-atbjwpo5.txt txt: ./txt/cord-022940-atbjwpo5.txt summary: We have studied the effect of inhibition of IRE1 (inositol requiring enzyme 1), which is a central mediator of endoplasmic reticulum stress and controls cell proliferation and tumor growth, on hypoxic regulation of the expression of different proliferation related genes in U87 glioma cells. Transient inhibition of Akt and mTOR protein kinase activation in tumor cells followed by reactivation of signaling pathway did not result in a time-dependent difference on EGFR, HER2 and HER3 expression levels. In our study we aimed to determine cytotoxic effect of RES in K562 human CML cell line and to evaluate the expressions of miRNAs that are associated with genetics of leukemia after treatment with RES; to investigate target genes of miRNAs which show significant expression alterations and molecular mechanisms of RES treatment. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7164006/ doi: 10.1111/febs.13808 id: cord-022955-vy0qgtll author: nan title: Proteases date: 2005-06-20 words: 36388.0 sentences: 1759.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-022955-vy0qgtll.txt txt: ./txt/cord-022955-vy0qgtll.txt summary: In order to understand the molecular basis of the enzyme-substrate binding mechanism, we employ the synthetic peptide and mass spectrometry-based approaches to investigate the significance of selected amino acid residues that are flanking both sides of the SARS-CoV 3CL pro cleavage site. To contribute to the assignment of a physiological role to genomic-derived peptidases and to make them more accessible for the drug discovery process, we have undertaken a program consisting of mRNA expression profiling, full-length recombinant expression in insect cells, purification and determination of the catalytic activity for the human proteolytic enzymes. This comprehensive analysis of the local backbone properties of SGTI in the free and in the complex form made possible to identify conformational similarities and differences responsible for its efficient binding to the enzyme, and provides a good basis for further studying the structural aspects of protease inhibitor specificity. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7164095/ doi: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.4739_4.x id: cord-023017-k6edtg58 author: nan title: AASLD Abstracts (pp. 282A–382A) date: 2006-02-10 words: 65796.0 sentences: 3553.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023017-k6edtg58.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023017-k6edtg58.txt summary: 14/55 (25%) patients in AC who did not discontinue by week 24 received ribavirin dose reduction in comparison to 31/108 ( The clinical outcome in response to combination therapy for treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection appears to be different for Caucasian versus African American patients. Over the period of combination therapy, most patients in which serum virus titers were reduced to non detectable levels had significant increases in T cell responses to HCV proteins. CHRONIC Background: Recent large prospective trials demonstrated that the combination therapy of interferon (1FN)-alphalribavirin significantly increased the ratio of a sustained virological response in patients with chronic hepatitis C in comparison with IFN monotherapy, especially in patients with high HCV-RNA titer and genotype lb. Results: Patients with chronic HCV infection showed higher MxA gene expression levels than healthy controls, indicating that hepatitis C virus induces IFN production. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7165819/ doi: 10.1002/hep.1840380505 id: cord-023026-2r84ndzv author: nan title: Posters date: 2013-06-14 words: 138458.0 sentences: 6513.0 pages: flesch: 40.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023026-2r84ndzv.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023026-2r84ndzv.txt summary: Thus, this work provides the basis to identify molecular pathways regulated by distinct niche/environmental signals and involved in the heterogeneity of adult OPCs. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by inflammation, which leads to formation of demyelinating areas due to loss of oligodendrocytes, astrogliosis and, finally, axonal degeneration. Taken together, these results demonstrate the important role of miR-200b in modulating the MAPK pathway via c-Jun which in turn affects different aspects of the inflammatory process accompanying microglia activation including cytokine response, NO production, phagocytosis and neuronal cell death. For this purpose, coronal cryostat free-floating sections from the brain of both adult transgenic mice and their corresponding wild-type (Wt) littermates, were processed for the study of astrocytes using GFAP immunohistochemistry and microglia using antibodies against Iba1 and several markers commonly related to the activated phenotype of these microglial cells, such as CD16/32 (Fc receptor), F4/80, CD11b, CD206, CD150 and MHC-II. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7165910/ doi: 10.1002/glia.22530 id: cord-023049-fio7cjj5 author: nan title: 2017 Peripheral Nerve Society Meeting July 8–12, 2017 Sitges, Barcelona, Spain date: 2017-06-22 words: 145485.0 sentences: 7436.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023049-fio7cjj5.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023049-fio7cjj5.txt summary: Clinical efficacy (Medical Research Council sum score, 10-m walk, modified Inflammatory Neuropathy Cause and Treatment score, Overall Neuropathy Limitations Scale, Romberg test) and patient-reported outcomes (36-item Short Form Health Survey , Life Quality Index [LQI] ) were assessed at baseline and at regular intervals until the final visit (10-14 months after switching). To explore the issue of early biomarkers in FAP, we performed skin biopsy and compared IENF density with parameters of nerve conduction studies (NCS) and quantitative sensory testing (QST) on 36 subjects (23 men, aged 55.1 ± 11.1 years) with genetic confirmation of TTR-A97S: 17 patients and 19 carriers. Results: The Gly112Ser mutation causing CMT1C is a mild form of CMT, as patients walked on time, had less weakness than those with Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease type 1A (CMT1A), had a Charcot Marie Tooth neuropathy score (CMTNS) indicative of mild disease, and had faster ulnar and median motor nerve conduction velocities compared to those with CMT1A. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7166380/ doi: 10.1111/jns.12225 id: cord-023095-4dannjjm author: nan title: Research Abstract Program of the 2011 ACVIM Forum Denver, Colorado, June 15–18, 2011 date: 2011-05-03 words: 134226.0 sentences: 6834.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023095-4dannjjm.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023095-4dannjjm.txt summary: The purpose of this study was to determine the short-term effects of ivabradine on heart rate (HR), blood pressure, left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic function, left atrial (LA) performance, and clinical tolerance in healthy cats after repeated oral doses. The goal of this study was to investigate the relationship between heart rate and ECG time intervals to body mass in apparently healthy horses and ponies and to calculate normal ranges for different weight groups. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of hypercoagulability in PLN dogs based on thromboelastography (TEG), and to determine whether hypercoagulability in these patients could be predicted by clinical assessments that identify systemic hypertension (systolic blood pressure 4 160 mmHg), hypoalbuminemia (serum albumin o 2.7 mg/dl), antithrombin activity (o 70%), and degree of proteinuria (urine protein:creatinine ratio [UPC] ! abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7166756/ doi: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2011.0726.x id: cord-023134-y665agnh author: nan title: Oral Research Communications of the 22(nd) ECVIM‐CA Congress date: 2012-11-20 words: 29595.0 sentences: 1548.0 pages: flesch: 50.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023134-y665agnh.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023134-y665agnh.txt summary: Doppler echocardiographic indices of diastolic function of the right ventricle are good prognostic markers during left ventricular (LV) failure secondary to ischemic and dilated cardiomyopathy.The aims of the present study were: to assess LV and RV diastolic function by conventional Doppler and pulsed-wave tissue Doppler imaging (PW-TDI) in dogs with mitral valve disease (MVD), with or without pulmonary hypertension (PH); to test if echocardiographic parameters of LV and RV diastolic dysfunction correlate to the Doppler-estimated pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP).114 dogs were prospectively evaluated, including 86 dogs with MVD. The aims of the present study were to assess whether diabetic cats have pathological evidence of islet inflammation or pancreatitis and to define islet lesions in comparison to a well-matched control population.Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded pancreatic samples were collected from post-mortem examination performed on diabetic and control cats died due to any disease at the Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, University of Zurich (Switzerland) between 1997 and 2009. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7167033/ doi: 10.1111/jvim.12000 id: cord-023157-0lqlx2rv author: nan title: Poster Sessions date: 2013-04-18 words: 128430.0 sentences: 7726.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023157-0lqlx2rv.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023157-0lqlx2rv.txt summary: The patients revealed the increase of free fatty acids level (2.19 AE 0.10) mmol/l/ml, that meaningfully differed from such indexes in the control group (P < 0.001) and low level of adiponektin (3.70 AE 0.70) mg/ml that confirms their role in development of NAFLD even for persons with normal body weight after the presence of abdominal type of adipose tissue distribution. Results: This study has shown effectiveness in reduction in fasting blood glucose (P < 0.01), systolic blood pressure (P = 0.03), diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.01), weight (P = 0.03), added sugar (P = 0.03) and fat consumption (P < 0.01) while improving physical activity (P < 0.01) and insulin sensitivity (P < 0.01) in the intervention group when compared with the control group at follow up assessment. Conclusion: Our study shows that infiltration of macrophages in human adipose tissue, estimated by the expression of macrophage markers, is increased in subjects with obesity and diabetes and associated with insulin sensitivity and serum lipid levels independent of BMI. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7167176/ doi: 10.1111/1753-0407.12032_1 id: cord-023186-gqltd6u0 author: nan title: Poster Sessions date: 2019-06-27 words: 14365.0 sentences: 814.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023186-gqltd6u0.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023186-gqltd6u0.txt summary: Methods: This is a one-year retrospective study that was conducted in our pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) comparing the intervention failure rate of three different Noninvasive respiratory support modalities (bi-level positive airway pressure (BIPAP), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) and HFNC) for infants and young children between the ages of 1 month and 2 years admitted with the diagnosis of bronchiolitis. The aim of the study was to determine the association between Methods: Ninety children aged between > 28 days to < 5 years hospitalized with diagnosis of severe CAP in the Pediatric Department of West Nusa Tenggara Province General Hospital from January to October 2018 were enrolled. Arterial blood gases, respiratory rate, peak inspiratory pressure (PIP) and mean airway pressure (MAP) of rat lung during respiratory support, wetto-dry lung weight ratio, lung homogenate and/or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid tumor necrosis factor-α, macrophage inflammatory protein-2, interleukin-6 and total protein levels were measured and compared among groups after study completion. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7167664/ doi: 10.1002/ppul.24373 id: cord-023208-w99gc5nx author: nan title: Poster Presentation Abstracts date: 2006-09-01 words: 70854.0 sentences: 3492.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023208-w99gc5nx.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023208-w99gc5nx.txt summary: In order to develop a synthetic protocol by an automated instrumentation, increasing yield, purity of the crude, and reaction time, a microwave-assisted solid phase peptide synthesis was validated comparing the use of the new generation of Triazine-Based Coupling Reagents (TBCRs) with a series of commonly used ones. Ubiquitinium is a well known mechanism in protein degredation of Eukaryotic cells ,in which many obsolte and corrupted three dimentional structure protein ,become marked by covalent attachment of ubuquitin through a multi-step enzymatic pathway.Ubiquitin is a small ,8.5 kDa peptide of 76 amino acid residues that targets such substrtes for proteolysis in proteasome .Recnt studies showed that an extra cellular ubiquitination process also taking place in the epididymes of humans and other animals marks protein on the surface of the defective sperm .it appears that structurally and functionally defective sperm become surface ubiquitinated by epididymal epithelial cells. This head-to-tailcyclized 14-amino-acid peptide contains one disulfide bridge and a lysine residue (Lys5) present in the P1 position, which is responsible for inhibitor specificity.As was reported by us and other groups, SFTI-1 analogues with one cycle only retain trypsin inhibitory activity. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7167816/ doi: 10.1002/psc.797 id: cord-023209-un2ysc2v author: nan title: Poster Presentations date: 2008-10-07 words: 111878.0 sentences: 5398.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023209-un2ysc2v.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023209-un2ysc2v.txt summary: Site-specifi c PEGylation of human IgG1-Fab using a rationally designed trypsin variant In the present contribution we report on a novel, highly selective biocatalytic method enabling C-terminal modifi cations of proteins with artifi cial functionalities under native state conditions. Recently, our group report a novel approach to a totally synthetic vaccine which consists of FMDV (Foot and Mouth Disease Virus) VP1 peptides, prepared by covalent conjugation of peptide biomolecules with membrane active carbochain polyelectrolytes In the present study, peptide epitops of VP1 protein both 135-161(P1) amino acid residues (Ser-Lys-Tyr-Ser-Thr-Thr-Gly-Glu-Arg-Thr-Arg-Thr-Arg-Gly-Asp-Leu-Gly-Ala-Leu-Ala-Ala-Arg-Val-Ala-Thr-Gln-Leu-Pro-Ala) and triptophan (Trp) containing on the N terminus 135-161 amino acid residues (Trp-135-161) (P2) were synthesized by using the microwave assisted solid-phase methods. Using as a template a peptide, already identifi ed, with agonist activity against PTPRJ(H-[Cys-His-His-Asn-Leu-Thr-His-Ala-Cys]-OH), here we report a structure-activity study carried out through endocyclic modifi cations (Ala-scan, D-substitutions, single residue deletions, substitutions of the disulfi de bridge) and the preliminary biological results of this set of compounds. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7167823/ doi: 10.1002/psc.1090 id: cord-023211-kt5gt26t author: nan title: Poster Session Abstracts date: 2007-08-29 words: 221224.0 sentences: 11772.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023211-kt5gt26t.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023211-kt5gt26t.txt summary: Previous studies performed using fluorescence halide efflux measurements and short-circuit current voltage clamp have shown that treatment with PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma) agonists, such as pioglitazone and FLL (FMOC-L-leucine), resulted in an increased biosynthesis and trafficking of ∆F508-CFTR to the cell surface. Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom Recent progress in the development of small molecule correctors and potentiators capable of restoring CFTR function have increased the need for pre-clinical test models including cultured airway epithelial cells from human CF patients as well as CF mouse models. Clinical studies have linked increased sputum and peripheral blood neutrophil MPO activity with increased airflow obstruction in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients of the same age, gender, airway bacterial flora, and CFTR genotype. Because patients expressing low levels of normal CFTR mRNA (5-20%) have mild disease symptoms, these studies demonstrate that the incorporation of the ciliated cell-specific FOXJ1 promoter into gene therapy vectors may be useful for treatment of CF. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7167830/ doi: 10.1002/ppul.20700 id: cord-023216-avn8f2w3 author: nan title: Symposium summaries date: 2004-10-18 words: 55670.0 sentences: 2569.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023216-avn8f2w3.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023216-avn8f2w3.txt summary: • relevant past history • recently recommended home physiotherapy program including inhalation therapy (agents, order and timing), airway clearance therapy (ACT) and physical exercise program and adherence • the possibility of gastroesophageal reflux 5 in relation to physiotherapy • clinical status including subjective and objective measures of the following -amount, color, consistency and ease of expectoration of sputum -oximetry/pulmonary function tests/peak expiratory flow rate -breath sounds on auscultation, respiratory rate and pattern of breathing -exercise tolerance (current activity & incidental exercise/ exercise tolerance tests) -musculo-skeletal problems (posture, pain, muscle tightness/weakness, oedema) -urinary incontinence during coughing and forced expirations Assessment of health related quality of life (HRQOL) in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis (CF) is important to better understand disease and treatment-related factors that impact function and well-being, and to evaluate the effectiveness of therapies and methods of drug delivery. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7167881/ doi: 10.1002/ppul.20142 id: cord-023225-5quigar4 author: nan title: Posters date: 2012-08-21 words: 70251.0 sentences: 3367.0 pages: flesch: 43.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023225-5quigar4.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023225-5quigar4.txt summary: To further explore the structure-function relationship, a viable synthesis strategy for pseudodesmin A analogues was developed, based on side-chain attachment of the first amino acid to the solid support, followed by stepwise Fmoc solid-phase synthesis of the linear peptide precursor and on-resin head-to-tail cyclization. The cases when the amino acid sequence of a fragment coincided with part of the primary structure of a natural oligopeptide were recorded in the Total protein chemical synthesis requires a case by case design and optimization which is governed by factors such as the solubility of the individual peptide segments, their primary sequence and in particular the presence of "difficult" amino acid residues at ligation junctions such as proline or the location of cysteines. In this study we present synthesis of two series of peptide libraries, which were designed by substitution of Leu in the P5, P6 position of our control peptide (Ac-LLLLRVKR-AMBA) with each of nineteen amino acid residues in order to verifying its influence on activity and selectivity of the resulting analogues. abstract: No abstract is available for this article. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7167970/ doi: 10.1002/psc.2449 id: cord-023239-06a03o14 author: nan title: II. Topic Sessions date: 2016-06-10 words: 33469.0 sentences: 1470.0 pages: flesch: 39.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023239-06a03o14.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023239-06a03o14.txt summary: The basics of inhaler technique / device / adherence / allergen exposure are all being maintained A retrospective analysis of follow-up of children with difficult asthma for up to six years revealed that those in whom underlying modifiable factors were identified and addressed had an improvement in lung function and reduction in exacerbations over time, while being able to reduce maintenance dose of inhaled steroids such that the majority fell below the threshold for problematic severe asthma 4 . Long-term follow up of children investigated in infancy and reassessed in later childhood have so far showed that reduced baseline lung function in symptomatic infants was significantly associated with subsequent respiratory morbidity as well as with the need of anti-asthma medication at the age of 3 years. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7168082/ doi: 10.1002/ppul.23455 id: cord-023288-sqr33y72 author: nan title: Paediatric SIG: Poster Session date: 2008-03-12 words: 30158.0 sentences: 1762.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023288-sqr33y72.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023288-sqr33y72.txt summary: Results Data indicate splice variant expression in dendritic cells from asthmatic patients is influenced by asthma severity. Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of GORD treatment in adults or children that reported asthma health outcomes and had symptomatic GORD were included and assessed in accordance with the standard Cochrane systematic review process. Results 11 male (44%) and 14 female (56%) patients with moderate to severe persistent asthma (mean age 44 years, SD = 11) participated. Methods A comprehensive range of intracellular T-cell and monocyte proand anti-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines was investigated in peripheral blood from 5 OSA patients and 5 aged-matched control subjects (with no evidence of sleep problems) using multiparameter flow cytometry. Methods Following completion of a 12-month exercise study, which included a supervised program (Intervention, n = 18) and control group (Control, n = 17), COPD subjects [mean age (SD): 66 (8); mean FEV1 (% predicted) = 56% (19)] were asked to complete a questionnaire. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169050/ doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2008.01252_11.x id: cord-023298-ysur3sjq author: nan title: Respiratory Nurses SIG: Poster Session date: 2011-03-21 words: 32008.0 sentences: 1914.0 pages: flesch: 56.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023298-ysur3sjq.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023298-ysur3sjq.txt summary: Expression of MR, CD91 and CD31 were decreased in patients with NEA or COPD, but not signifi cantly changed in EA Conclusion Impaired sputum-macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic cells in NEA is associated with reduced expression of key macrophage recognition molecules. Conclusions Subjects with severe persistent asthma have an eating pattern of lower diet quality with higher intakes of fat and lower intakes of fi bre than healthy controls, which is related to lower lung function and increased airway infl ammation. Support and Confl ict of Interest Nil. Methods We performed a retrospective chart review of all adult patients who had an ICC over a 24-month period within a tertiary hospital respiratory service. The objectives of our study were to (1) determine the point prevalence and identify viruses associated with exacerbations and (2) evaluate clinical and investigational differences between viral infection positive and negative exacerbations in children with non-CF bronchiectasis. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169078/ doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2011.01937_16.x id: cord-023302-p9pxz44a author: nan title: Cystic Fibrosis SIG: Poster Session date: 2011-03-21 words: 32008.0 sentences: 1915.0 pages: flesch: 56.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023302-p9pxz44a.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023302-p9pxz44a.txt summary: Expression of MR, CD91 and CD31 were decreased in patients with NEA or COPD, but not signifi cantly changed in EA Conclusion Impaired sputum-macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic cells in NEA is associated with reduced expression of key macrophage recognition molecules. Conclusions Subjects with severe persistent asthma have an eating pattern of lower diet quality with higher intakes of fat and lower intakes of fi bre than healthy controls, which is related to lower lung function and increased airway infl ammation. Support and Confl ict of Interest Nil. Methods We performed a retrospective chart review of all adult patients who had an ICC over a 24-month period within a tertiary hospital respiratory service. The objectives of our study were to (1) determine the point prevalence and identify viruses associated with exacerbations and (2) evaluate clinical and investigational differences between viral infection positive and negative exacerbations in children with non-CF bronchiectasis. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169099/ doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2011.01937_7.x id: cord-023303-fxus38mp author: nan title: Lung Cancer/Bronchology SIGs: Combined Poster Session date: 2008-03-12 words: 30161.0 sentences: 1760.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023303-fxus38mp.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023303-fxus38mp.txt summary: Results Data indicate splice variant expression in dendritic cells from asthmatic patients is influenced by asthma severity. Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of GORD treatment in adults or children that reported asthma health outcomes and had symptomatic GORD were included and assessed in accordance with the standard Cochrane systematic review process. Results 11 male (44%) and 14 female (56%) patients with moderate to severe persistent asthma (mean age 44 years, SD = 11) participated. Methods A comprehensive range of intracellular T-cell and monocyte proand anti-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines was investigated in peripheral blood from 5 OSA patients and 5 aged-matched control subjects (with no evidence of sleep problems) using multiparameter flow cytometry. Methods Following completion of a 12-month exercise study, which included a supervised program (Intervention, n = 18) and control group (Control, n = 17), COPD subjects [mean age (SD): 66 (8); mean FEV1 (% predicted) = 56% (19)] were asked to complete a questionnaire. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169102/ doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2008.01252_8.x id: cord-023305-5lb9kho6 author: nan title: Oliv SIG: Poster Session date: 2011-03-21 words: 32008.0 sentences: 1916.0 pages: flesch: 56.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023305-5lb9kho6.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023305-5lb9kho6.txt summary: Expression of MR, CD91 and CD31 were decreased in patients with NEA or COPD, but not signifi cantly changed in EA Conclusion Impaired sputum-macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic cells in NEA is associated with reduced expression of key macrophage recognition molecules. Conclusions Subjects with severe persistent asthma have an eating pattern of lower diet quality with higher intakes of fat and lower intakes of fi bre than healthy controls, which is related to lower lung function and increased airway infl ammation. Support and Confl ict of Interest Nil. Methods We performed a retrospective chart review of all adult patients who had an ICC over a 24-month period within a tertiary hospital respiratory service. The objectives of our study were to (1) determine the point prevalence and identify viruses associated with exacerbations and (2) evaluate clinical and investigational differences between viral infection positive and negative exacerbations in children with non-CF bronchiectasis. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169107/ doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2011.01937_11.x id: cord-023308-af5nihyi author: nan title: COPD SIG: Poster Session 2 date: 2008-03-12 words: 30159.0 sentences: 1761.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023308-af5nihyi.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023308-af5nihyi.txt summary: Results Data indicate splice variant expression in dendritic cells from asthmatic patients is influenced by asthma severity. Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of GORD treatment in adults or children that reported asthma health outcomes and had symptomatic GORD were included and assessed in accordance with the standard Cochrane systematic review process. Results 11 male (44%) and 14 female (56%) patients with moderate to severe persistent asthma (mean age 44 years, SD = 11) participated. Methods A comprehensive range of intracellular T-cell and monocyte proand anti-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines was investigated in peripheral blood from 5 OSA patients and 5 aged-matched control subjects (with no evidence of sleep problems) using multiparameter flow cytometry. Methods Following completion of a 12-month exercise study, which included a supervised program (Intervention, n = 18) and control group (Control, n = 17), COPD subjects [mean age (SD): 66 (8); mean FEV1 (% predicted) = 56% (19)] were asked to complete a questionnaire. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169120/ doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2008.01252_6.x id: cord-023311-7wqdlha4 author: nan title: Oral Session date: 2010-11-24 words: 17248.0 sentences: 956.0 pages: flesch: 51.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023311-7wqdlha4.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023311-7wqdlha4.txt summary: Methods We determined the usefulness of preoperative lung function by spirometry in predicting regression of pulmonary hypertension after surgical correction of mitral stenosis among 20 patients who underwent mitral valve surgery at Philippine Heart Center from July to December 2009. Elderly patients exhibited a signifi cantly higher mortality rate that was independently associated with the following: age; residence status; confusion, urea, respiratory frequency and blood pressure (CURB) score; comorbid conditions; and failure of initial therapy. Methods A total of 40 patients (Male: 50%; Female: 50%) admitted and diagnosed with HAP at our Center were followed up to investigate the rate of adherence of physicians on the diagnosis and treatment of HAP based on Level I and II ATS/IDSA 2008 recommendations and to determine its association with outcome (mortality, mechanical ventilation, ICU stay, hospital stay). abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169143/ doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2010.01864.x id: cord-023314-rwjxk8v4 author: nan title: Asthma & Allergy SIG: Poster Session 1 date: 2011-03-21 words: 32009.0 sentences: 1912.0 pages: flesch: 56.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023314-rwjxk8v4.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023314-rwjxk8v4.txt summary: Expression of MR, CD91 and CD31 were decreased in patients with NEA or COPD, but not signifi cantly changed in EA Conclusion Impaired sputum-macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic cells in NEA is associated with reduced expression of key macrophage recognition molecules. Conclusions Subjects with severe persistent asthma have an eating pattern of lower diet quality with higher intakes of fat and lower intakes of fi bre than healthy controls, which is related to lower lung function and increased airway infl ammation. Support and Confl ict of Interest Nil. Methods We performed a retrospective chart review of all adult patients who had an ICC over a 24-month period within a tertiary hospital respiratory service. The objectives of our study were to (1) determine the point prevalence and identify viruses associated with exacerbations and (2) evaluate clinical and investigational differences between viral infection positive and negative exacerbations in children with non-CF bronchiectasis. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169157/ doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2011.01937_1.x id: cord-023331-jrvmgnu3 author: nan title: Asthma & Allergy SIG: Poster Session 3. Physiology, Environment, Investigation and Management date: 2008-03-12 words: 30165.0 sentences: 1762.0 pages: flesch: 53.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023331-jrvmgnu3.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023331-jrvmgnu3.txt summary: Results Data indicate splice variant expression in dendritic cells from asthmatic patients is influenced by asthma severity. Methods Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of GORD treatment in adults or children that reported asthma health outcomes and had symptomatic GORD were included and assessed in accordance with the standard Cochrane systematic review process. Results 11 male (44%) and 14 female (56%) patients with moderate to severe persistent asthma (mean age 44 years, SD = 11) participated. Methods A comprehensive range of intracellular T-cell and monocyte proand anti-inflammatory cytokines/chemokines was investigated in peripheral blood from 5 OSA patients and 5 aged-matched control subjects (with no evidence of sleep problems) using multiparameter flow cytometry. Methods Following completion of a 12-month exercise study, which included a supervised program (Intervention, n = 18) and control group (Control, n = 17), COPD subjects [mean age (SD): 66 (8); mean FEV1 (% predicted) = 56% (19)] were asked to complete a questionnaire. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169210/ doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2008.01252_3.x id: cord-023333-b7w9zrl6 author: nan title: Oeld/Population Health SIG: Poster Session date: 2011-03-21 words: 32009.0 sentences: 1914.0 pages: flesch: 56.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023333-b7w9zrl6.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023333-b7w9zrl6.txt summary: Expression of MR, CD91 and CD31 were decreased in patients with NEA or COPD, but not signifi cantly changed in EA Conclusion Impaired sputum-macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic cells in NEA is associated with reduced expression of key macrophage recognition molecules. Conclusions Subjects with severe persistent asthma have an eating pattern of lower diet quality with higher intakes of fat and lower intakes of fi bre than healthy controls, which is related to lower lung function and increased airway infl ammation. Support and Confl ict of Interest Nil. Methods We performed a retrospective chart review of all adult patients who had an ICC over a 24-month period within a tertiary hospital respiratory service. The objectives of our study were to (1) determine the point prevalence and identify viruses associated with exacerbations and (2) evaluate clinical and investigational differences between viral infection positive and negative exacerbations in children with non-CF bronchiectasis. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169216/ doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2011.01937_10.x id: cord-023343-y17z9w2x author: nan title: COPD SIG: Poster Session 1 date: 2011-03-21 words: 32008.0 sentences: 1910.0 pages: flesch: 55.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023343-y17z9w2x.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023343-y17z9w2x.txt summary: Expression of MR, CD91 and CD31 were decreased in patients with NEA or COPD, but not signifi cantly changed in EA Conclusion Impaired sputum-macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic cells in NEA is associated with reduced expression of key macrophage recognition molecules. Conclusions Subjects with severe persistent asthma have an eating pattern of lower diet quality with higher intakes of fat and lower intakes of fi bre than healthy controls, which is related to lower lung function and increased airway infl ammation. Support and Confl ict of Interest Nil. Methods We performed a retrospective chart review of all adult patients who had an ICC over a 24-month period within a tertiary hospital respiratory service. The objectives of our study were to (1) determine the point prevalence and identify viruses associated with exacerbations and (2) evaluate clinical and investigational differences between viral infection positive and negative exacerbations in children with non-CF bronchiectasis. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169240/ doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1843.2011.01937_5.x id: cord-023346-8sqbqjm1 author: nan title: MONDAY: POSTERS date: 2005-06-08 words: 130043.0 sentences: 7330.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023346-8sqbqjm1.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023346-8sqbqjm1.txt summary: • enhancement of automation/computerisation; • process control to provide an ''error-free pathway''; • (national) surveillance and trend analysis of results, preferably based on national working standards; • significantly increased sensitivity, especially from development of antigen/antibody ''combi'' assays (e.g. for HIV, and recently, for HCV); • awareness of HBsAg vaccine-escape mutants and design of assays to cope with this; • extension of range of agents and markers tested for (varies in different countries); • increasing range of assays available for testing donors with a relevant history of exposure to malaria or Chagas'' disease infection (for retrieval of otherwise wasted blood); • European Union''s in vitro diagnostics directive: this has caused some problems and reduced flexibility. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169255/ doi: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2005.00652.x id: cord-023353-2yoz1t6a author: nan title: ABSTRACTS FROM THE 2010 EVDI ANNUAL MEETING date: 2010-12-28 words: 30157.0 sentences: 1720.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023353-2yoz1t6a.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023353-2yoz1t6a.txt summary: 3 Department of Physiology and Biometry, Ghent University, Belgium Introduction/Purpose: The microbubble-based contrast agents for ultrasonography have become more used in recent years in dogs1, and have been reported to be useful in differentiating adenomas from nonadenomatous lesions in human patients with adrenal masses2. Peak intensity Time to Introduction/Purpose: Studies with contrast enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) on focal splenic lesions have shown discrepancies in accuracy for differentiating benign from malignant lesions.1-3 A speculative explanation for false positives may be the absence of a dual blood supply to the spleen compared to the liver. 1 The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that the suggested maximum normal kidney size obtained from radiographs is too high and also to evaluate whether breed type (brachycephalic, doliocephalic, mesocephalic), age, gender, weight and body condition of the dog have an impact on kidney size. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169298/ doi: 10.1111/j.1740-8261.2010.01774.x id: cord-023354-f2ciho6o author: nan title: TUESDAY PLENARY SESSION 3 TUESDAY: POSTERS date: 2005-06-08 words: 130046.0 sentences: 7333.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023354-f2ciho6o.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023354-f2ciho6o.txt summary: • enhancement of automation/computerisation; • process control to provide an ''error-free pathway''; • (national) surveillance and trend analysis of results, preferably based on national working standards; • significantly increased sensitivity, especially from development of antigen/antibody ''combi'' assays (e.g. for HIV, and recently, for HCV); • awareness of HBsAg vaccine-escape mutants and design of assays to cope with this; • extension of range of agents and markers tested for (varies in different countries); • increasing range of assays available for testing donors with a relevant history of exposure to malaria or Chagas'' disease infection (for retrieval of otherwise wasted blood); • European Union''s in vitro diagnostics directive: this has caused some problems and reduced flexibility. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169300/ doi: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2005.00654.x id: cord-023364-ut56gczm author: nan title: EDUCATION DAY MONDAY: PLENARY SESSION 1 MONDAY: PARALLEL SESSIONS date: 2005-06-08 words: 130049.0 sentences: 7334.0 pages: flesch: 54.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023364-ut56gczm.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023364-ut56gczm.txt summary: • enhancement of automation/computerisation; • process control to provide an ''error-free pathway''; • (national) surveillance and trend analysis of results, preferably based on national working standards; • significantly increased sensitivity, especially from development of antigen/antibody ''combi'' assays (e.g. for HIV, and recently, for HCV); • awareness of HBsAg vaccine-escape mutants and design of assays to cope with this; • extension of range of agents and markers tested for (varies in different countries); • increasing range of assays available for testing donors with a relevant history of exposure to malaria or Chagas'' disease infection (for retrieval of otherwise wasted blood); • European Union''s in vitro diagnostics directive: this has caused some problems and reduced flexibility. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169338/ doi: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2005.00651.x id: cord-023442-4vzwc2d2 author: nan title: Proceedings of SCANNING 94/SEEMS 94 Charleston, South Carolina, USA date: 2006-12-05 words: 55552.0 sentences: 2821.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-023442-4vzwc2d2.txt txt: ./txt/cord-023442-4vzwc2d2.txt summary: IV-4 Scanning Vol. 16, Supplement IV (1994) Simulation of image formation and detection systems in the SEM is a vital link in performing image analysis to obtain precise measurements, to provide the necessary connection between image parameters and structural dimensions, and to reflect important microscope beam and detector parameters. By knowing the transfer function, noise, and distortion figure in digital form, it is relatively easy to obtain more accurate comparison of the measured and calculated signal (Fig. 1 The calculation of image contrast in the scanning electron microscope (SEM) can be done using Monte Carlo techniques if the electron trajectories can be calculated through the composition profiles in the specimen. Specimens providing IV-18 Scanning Vol. 16, Supplement IV (1994) FIG highly redundant structures and relatively smooth fractures, such as cell suspensions or o/w emulsions, were investigated using freeze fracture/replication and ambient temperature transmission electron microscopy (AT-TEM). abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7169609/ doi: 10.1002/sca.4950160315 id: cord-029211-6o7qn2y2 author: nan title: Press review date: 2020-07-15 words: 6197.0 sentences: 368.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-029211-6o7qn2y2.txt txt: ./txt/cord-029211-6o7qn2y2.txt summary: In this study, we aimed to report the 5-year oncological outcomes, including local recurrence, metastatic disease, and survival. Patients age 18 years and older with T2T3 low rectal cancer, of maximum size 4 cm, who were clinically good responders after chemoradiotherapy (residual tumour ≤ 2 cm) were randomly assigned before surgery to either local excision or total mesorectal excision. The primary objective of this study was to assess the 5-year oncological outcomes of local recurrence, metastatic disease, disease-free survival, overall survival, and cancer-specific mortality, which were the secondary endpoints of GRECCAR 2. After 2 years, overall and disease-free survival tended to be improved in simultaneous as compared with delayed-resection groups (P 0.05), a tendency which persisted for OS after a median follow-up of 47 months. This retrospective monocenter study analyzed the shortand long-term outcomes of pancreatectomies associated with arterial resection for patients with either borderline (27%) or locally advanced (73%) pancreatic adenocarcinoma. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7361095/ doi: 10.1016/j.jviscsurg.2020.06.014 id: cord-030725-876arxiu author: nan title: September 2020 New in Review date: 2020-08-20 words: 2743.0 sentences: 170.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-030725-876arxiu.txt txt: ./txt/cord-030725-876arxiu.txt summary: Researchers assessed nutritional risks among older patients diagnosed with COVID-19 along with their associated clinical outcomes. The NRS 2002 was designed to predict clinical effects of nutritional treatment in hospital settings with two levels: level 1 and level 2 contained factors of BMI status, weight loss history, nutritional intake, and disease severity. Association of work requirements with Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program participation by race/ ethnicity and disability status, 2013-2017. Dietary patterns studied included the Alternative Healthy Eating Index, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension diet score, and Mediterranean-style, adherence to which was determined via the food frequency questionnaire. Association between lifestyle factors, vitamin and garlic supplementation, and gastric cancer outcomes: A secondary analysis of a randomized clinical trial. A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial was performed to examine this issue using a sample of 3,365 participants. Demographic variables taken included age, sex, race/ethnicity, participation in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, family income level, education of parents, and health insurance status. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7440878/ doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.07.010 id: cord-031907-ilhr3iu5 author: nan title: ISEV2020 Abstract Book date: 2020-07-15 words: 200999.0 sentences: 11528.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-031907-ilhr3iu5.txt txt: ./txt/cord-031907-ilhr3iu5.txt summary: L.M., and the National Institutes of Health (R35GM119623) to T.R.G. The addition of a size exclusion chromatography step to various urinary extracellular vesicle concentrating methods reveals differences in the small RNA profile Introduction: Urinary extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their RNA cargo are a novel source of biomarkers for various diseases, however non-vesicular RNA (e.g. associated with proteins) is also present within urine. We then evaluated efficiency of heart targeting for eAAV9 or eAAV6 and standard AAV9 or AAV6 encoding for EGFP, mCherry or firefly luciferase in different human cell lines in vitro, in black mouse and in passive immunity nude mouse model in vivo using flow cytometry, confocal microscopy, Langendorff perfusion system and Methods: HLHS patients (n = 3) after Glenn procedure and swine (n = 3) after PAB were given RV injections of allogeneic/xenogeneic MSCs. Donor-specific, HLA-I+, exosomes were isolated from plasma. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7480431/ doi: 10.1080/20013078.2020.1784511 id: cord-032379-pelz3ygf author: nan title: October 2020 New in Review date: 2020-09-21 words: 3578.0 sentences: 230.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-032379-pelz3ygf.txt txt: ./txt/cord-032379-pelz3ygf.txt summary: Using a social constructivist perspective for analysis, the researchers designed a retrospective biographical study, using a sample of 30 adults. Researchers examined the shape of sexspecific associations of dietary protein intake with 3-and 6-year changes in muscle mass and gait speed, as well as mobility limitation in older adults. A randomized controlled trial using a sample of 140 participants was designed to test this question. Researchers investigated the relationship between sedentary behavior, walking, and high-intensity physical activity (HIPA), and risk factors for cardiovascular disease among adults and older adults. Long-term development effect of withholding parenteral nutrition in pediatric intensive care units: A 4-year follow-up of the PEPaNIC randomized controlled trial. The efficacy of prebiotic, probiotic, and symbiotic supplementation in modulating gut-derived circulatory particles associated with cardiovascular disease in individuals receiving dialysis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Dietary intake and biomarkers of linoleic acid and mortality: Systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7503137/ doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.08.011 id: cord-257167-rz4r5sj7 author: nan title: Abstracts for the 29th Annual Meeting of the Japan Neuroscience Society (Neuroscience2006) date: 2006-12-31 words: 240925.0 sentences: 13617.0 pages: flesch: 47.0 cache: ./cache/cord-257167-rz4r5sj7.txt txt: ./txt/cord-257167-rz4r5sj7.txt summary: SY1-3-11-3 SAD: A novel kinase implicated in phosphoproteome at the presynaptic active zone Toshihisa Ohtsuka Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine/Graduate School of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan SAD is a serine/threonine kianse, which has been shown to regulate various neuronal functions during development, including clustering synaptic vesicles, maturation of synapses, and axon/dendrite polarization: these have recently been revealed by genetic studies in C. The results suggest that EAAT4 plays a major role in regulating the concentration of CF transmitters, possibly glutamate, in the route of its extrasynaptic diffusion, and determining the degree of CF-induced inhibition of GABA release from BCs depending on the regional difference of EAAT4 expression in postsynaptic PCs. Chitoshi Takayama 1 , Yoshiro Inoue 1 1 Department of Molecular Neuroanatomy, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan GABA mediates inhibitory transmission in the adult central nervous system (CNS). abstract: nan url: https://api.elsevier.com/content/article/pii/S016801020600085X doi: 10.1016/j.neures.2006.04.004 id: cord-282783-ps5jyjkl author: nan title: Full Issue PDF date: 2020-09-30 words: 15926.0 sentences: 843.0 pages: flesch: 41.0 cache: ./cache/cord-282783-ps5jyjkl.txt txt: ./txt/cord-282783-ps5jyjkl.txt summary: The Childhood Cancer Survivor Study showed a 10-fold higher risk of pericardial disease in all CCS versus siblings (30year cumulative incidence, 3 .0%) and a dose-response relation with chest RT (11) . The literature on ECG abnormalities in large cohorts of long-term CCS is sparse (46, 47) , Data on the use of ambulatory ECG monitoring to define the prevalence of brady-and tachyarrhythmias induced by cardiotoxic cancer treatments are needed, but must be carefully weighed against the potential patient burden and clinical significance. Interestingly, a prior study in testicular cancer survivors showed that those patients who were exposed to cisplatin-based chemotherapy nearly 3 to more than 20 years ago had a more severe reduction in FMD and higher levels of circulating endothelial cells than those not exposed (13) . abstract: nan url: https://doi.org/10.1016/s2666-0873(20)30180-0 doi: 10.1016/s2666-0873(20)30180-0 id: cord-291540-raksomda author: nan title: July 2020 New in Review date: 2020-07-31 words: 3292.0 sentences: 210.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-291540-raksomda.txt txt: ./txt/cord-291540-raksomda.txt summary: Studies were eligible for inclusion if they investigated the effect of a choice architecture intervention on physical activity or sedentary behavior as well as the intention to engage in these; studied an adult population older than 18 years; and contained an experimental or quasi-experimental study design. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2020 ; https://doi.org/ 10.1186/s12966-020-00948-1. Inclusion criteria included samples representing direct supply-side stakeholders with a role in menu labeling implementation; interventions with no menu labeling format; all primary research studies using qualitative, quantitative, or mixed methods approaches; no restrictions on language or publication year; and outcomes measuring any barrier or facilitator to the implementation of menu labeling. Effects of resistant starch interventions on circulating inflammatory biomarkers: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. The sample of participants across the studies had a mean age of 49.0 years, a median of mean body mass index (BMI) of 33.0, a median of mean weight of 92.9 kg, a median proportion of women at 69%, and a median intervention duration of 26 weeks. abstract: nan url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2212267220304494 doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2020.05.005 id: cord-326785-le2t1l8g author: nan title: Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. 163rd meeting, 3–5 July 1991 date: 2005-06-15 words: 22752.0 sentences: 2108.0 pages: flesch: 42.0 cache: ./cache/cord-326785-le2t1l8g.txt txt: ./txt/cord-326785-le2t1l8g.txt summary: The lesions (usually multlpleand each 5 mm orless m diameter) were identified in lung parenchymaat a distance from the tumour and consisted of thickened alveolar walls lined by prominent, distinctly atypical cells morphologically Slmllar to type I 1 pneumacytes and cytologically different to the associated turnour Reactive changes 8" lung involved by obstrmtive pneumonitis were not included !n thts Sews All of the associated tumwra were peripheral adenocarcinamas and all showed a pattern of alveolar wall spread at the tumour periphery Clinically 7 of the patients were female and all were smokers or ex-smokers The slgnlflcance of this lesion in the histogenesis of primary pulmonary ademcarcinoma IS. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1681042/ doi: 10.1002/path.1711640412 id: cord-335975-m6lkrehi author: nan title: Proceedings of Réanimation 2018, the French Intensive Care Society International Congress date: 2018-02-05 words: 89374.0 sentences: 5327.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-335975-m6lkrehi.txt txt: ./txt/cord-335975-m6lkrehi.txt summary: A qSOFA score relying on 3 simple clinical criteria (respiratory rate, mental status and systolic blood pressure) has been proposed to better identify septic patients with associated higher mortality outside the intensive care unit (Seymour CW et al., JAMA 2016) . We propose to determine whether the arterial oxygen pressure (PaO2) at intensive care unit (ICU) admission affects mortality at day 28 (D28) in patients with septic shock subjected to mechanical out-of-hospital ventilation. Conclusion: In this study, we report a significant association between hyperoxemia at ICU admission and mortality at D28 in patients with septic shock subjected to pre-hospital invasive mechanical ventilation. The aim of this study was to describe outcome of pediatric patient with hematologic disease hospitalized in our intensive care unit for respiratory failure and to investigate the clinical variables associated with mortality. abstract: nan url: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13613-017-0345-7 doi: 10.1186/s13613-017-0345-7 id: cord-341063-3rqnu5bu author: nan title: 38th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine: Brussels, Belgium. 20-23 March 2018 date: 2018-03-29 words: 98602.0 sentences: 6494.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-341063-3rqnu5bu.txt txt: ./txt/cord-341063-3rqnu5bu.txt summary: Procacitonin (PCT) emerges as a possible predictive tool in cardiothoracic intensive care unit (CTICU).We aim at testing the predictive power of PCT for early morbidity, prolonged ventilation, ICU and hospital stay, in patients developing early fever after cardiac surgery Methods: A retrospective descriptive study done in tertiary cardiac center, enrolling patients who stayed for more than 24 hours post-operatively in the CTICU Risk stratification included additive Euro score and PCT immunoluminometricaly prior to surgery and every 48 hours in response to onset of fever. Prognostic accuracy of quick sequential organ failure assessment (qSOFA) score for mortality: systematic review and meta-analysis Introduction: The purpose of this study was to summarize the evidence assessing the qSOFA [1] , calculated in admission of the patient in emergency department (ED) or intensive care unit (ICU), as a predictor of mortality. abstract: nan url: https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-018-1973-5 doi: 10.1186/s13054-018-1973-5 id: cord-350571-6tapkjb6 author: nan title: 45th ESCP-NSF international symposium on clinical pharmacy: clinical pharmacy tackling inequalities and access to health care. Oslo, Norway, 5–7 October 2016 date: 2017-01-10 words: 106013.0 sentences: 6203.0 pages: flesch: 48.0 cache: ./cache/cord-350571-6tapkjb6.txt txt: ./txt/cord-350571-6tapkjb6.txt summary: Possible solutions might be to use shared communication tools like Internet based communication programs and to introduce the patient as a participant at the IMRs. Please specify your abstract type: Research abstract Background and objective: International good pharmacy practice guidelines describe how pharmacists should counsel the patients about their medicines, offer additional services where needed, and intervene at drug related problems. Please specify your abstract type: Descriptive abstract (for projects) Background and objective: In order to improve the medication reconciliation and to implement training programs for the medical team in an associated to general hospital nursing (ASNH) home we measured the discrepancies between pharmacy registered treatments (PRT) and medical prescriptions (MP), and we analysed potentially inappropriate prescriptions according to ''''American Geriatrics Society 2015 Beers Criteria'''' and ''''STOPP-START 2014 criteria. abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28074393/ doi: 10.1007/s11096-016-0404-4 id: cord-355038-o2hr5mox author: nan title: Proceedings of Réanimation 2020, the French Intensive Care Society International Congress date: 2020-02-11 words: 102485.0 sentences: 7028.0 pages: flesch: 52.0 cache: ./cache/cord-355038-o2hr5mox.txt txt: ./txt/cord-355038-o2hr5mox.txt summary: Conclusion: In patients with moderate-to-severe ARDS, a higher tidal volume under PSV within the 72 h following neuromuscular blockers cessation is independently associated with the 28-day mortality.Compliance with ethics regulations: Yes. Kaplan-Meier estimate of the cumulative probability of survival according to the mean tidal volume (Vt)-lower of higher than 8 ml/ kg-under pressure support ventilation (PSV) during the "transition period" transfusion is associated with adverse events, and equipoise remains on the optimal transfusion strategy in oncologic patients in surgical setting. Compliance with ethics regulations: Yes. Patients and methods: In a retrospective monocentric study (01/2013-01/2017) conducted in cardio-vascular surgical intensive care unit (ICU) in Henri Mondor teaching hospital, all consecutive adult patients who underwent peripheral VA-ECMO were included, with exclusion of those dying in the first 24 h. Compliance with ethics regulations: Yes. Rationale: Acute respiratory failure is the leading reason for intensive care unit (ICU) admission in immunocompromised patients and the need for invasive mechanical ventilation has become a major clinical end-point in randomized controlled trials (RCT). abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32048060/ doi: 10.1186/s13613-020-0623-7 id: cord-300176-lurzcliy author: van Mol, Margo M. C. title: Developing and testing a nurse-led intervention to support bereavement in relatives in the intensive care (BRIC study): a protocol of a pre-post intervention study date: 2020-08-18 words: 5640.0 sentences: 269.0 pages: flesch: 44.0 cache: ./cache/cord-300176-lurzcliy.txt txt: ./txt/cord-300176-lurzcliy.txt summary: The aim of this study is to develop and implement a multicomponent bereavement support intervention for relatives of deceased ICU patients and to evaluate the effectiveness of this intervention on complicated grief, anxiety, depression and posttraumatic stress in bereaved relatives. This international group of experts suggested in their study to further explore the needs of the relatives, to test the efficacy of interventions in bereavement care and to develop guidelines for ICUs aiming to adequately deliver support to relatives during this difficult situation. The aims of the BRIC (Bereavement in Relatives in the Intensive Care) study for bereaved relatives of deceased ICU patients are: 1) to develop and implement a multicomponent nurse-led intervention, 2) to explore the experiences with bereavement care such as aspects of communication, quality of ding and death, and quality of support to relatives, 3) to determine the effectiveness of this intervention on complicated grief, anxiety, depression and posttraumatic stress and 4) to identify determinants and risk factors of complicated grief. abstract: BACKGROUND: When a patient is approaching death in the intensive care unit (ICU), patients’ relatives must make a rapid transition from focusing on their beloved one’s recovery to preparation for their unavoidable death. Bereaved relatives may develop complicated grief as a consequence of this burdensome situation; however, little is known about appropriate options in quality care supporting bereaved relatives and the prevalence and predictors of complicated grief in bereaved relatives of deceased ICU patients in the Netherlands. The aim of this study is to develop and implement a multicomponent bereavement support intervention for relatives of deceased ICU patients and to evaluate the effectiveness of this intervention on complicated grief, anxiety, depression and posttraumatic stress in bereaved relatives. METHODS: The study will use a cross-sectional pre-post design in a 38-bed ICU in a university hospital in the Netherlands. Cohort 1 includes all reported first and second contact persons of patients who died in the ICU in 2018, which will serve as a pre-intervention baseline measurement. Based on existing policies, facilities and evidence-based practices, a nurse-led intervention will be developed and implemented during the study period. This intervention is expected to use 1) communication strategies, 2) materials to make a keepsake, and 3) a nurse-led follow-up service. Cohort 2, including all bereaved relatives in the ICU from October 2019 until March 2020, will serve as a post-intervention follow-up measurement. Both cohorts will be performed in study samples of 200 relatives per group, all participants will be invited to complete questionnaires measuring complicated grief, anxiety, depression and posttraumatic stress. Differences between the baseline and follow-up measurements will be calculated and adjusted using regression analyses. Exploratory subgroup analyses (e.g., gender, ethnicity, risk profiles, relationship with patient, length of stay) and exploratory dose response analyses will be conducted. DISCUSSION: The newly developed intervention has the potential to improve the bereavement process of the relatives of deceased ICU patients. Therefore, symptoms of grief and mental health problems such as depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress, might decrease. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Netherlands Trial Register Registered on 27/07/2019 as NL 7875, www.trialregister.nl url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32811499/ doi: 10.1186/s12904-020-00636-8 id: cord-327460-wvd8hnfi author: van der Watt, A. S. J. title: Distant mood monitoring for depressive and bipolar disorders: a systematic review date: 2020-07-22 words: 5676.0 sentences: 331.0 pages: flesch: 45.0 cache: ./cache/cord-327460-wvd8hnfi.txt txt: ./txt/cord-327460-wvd8hnfi.txt summary: METHODS: This systematic review synthesises quantitative and qualitative evidence of the effectiveness and feasibility of daily/weekly/monthly remote mood monitoring that includes distant support in participants with mood disorders. A systematic review of the validity of electronic self-monitoring of mood using information technology (IT) platforms in adults with bipolar disorder found evidence of their validity when compared to clinical rating scales for depression [9] . We synthesised quantitative and qualitative evidence on the effectiveness and feasibility of daily/weekly/monthly remote mood monitoring in participants with any mood disorder (as defined above) by clinicians, lay counsellors, and researchers (hereafter referred to as distant supporters), or where regular feedback was provided by distant supporters in cases where mood states were selfassessed. All quantitative studies were included as well as studies that qualitatively assessed participants'' perceived effectiveness, feasibility, and acceptability of distant mood monitoring offered by distant supporters. abstract: BACKGROUND: Broadening our knowledge of the longitudinal course of mood symptoms is cardinal to providing effective long-term treatments. Research indicates that patients with mental illness are willing to engage in the use of telemonitoring and mobile technology to assess and monitor their mood states. However, without the provision of distant support, adverse outcomes and events may be difficult to prevent and manage through self-monitoring. Understanding patient perspectives is important to achieving the best balance of self-monitoring, patient empowerment, and distant supporter involvement. METHODS: This systematic review synthesises quantitative and qualitative evidence of the effectiveness and feasibility of daily/weekly/monthly remote mood monitoring that includes distant support in participants with mood disorders. Inclusion criteria comprised mood monitoring of mood disorder patients as main intervention, study design, method of monitoring, and presence of psychotherapy and psychoeducation. Effectiveness was defined by the change in depression and/or mania scores. Feasibility was determined on participant feedback and completion/attrition rates. Studies were assessed for quality using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool version 2018. RESULTS: Nine studies of acceptable quality met the inclusion criteria. Distant mood monitoring was effective in improving depression scores but not mania scores. Feasibility, as measured through compliance and completion rates and participant feedback, varied. CONCLUSION: Distant mood monitoring with support may be a useful, acceptable, and feasible intervention for diverse groups of patients in terms of age and ethnicity. Further, it may be effective in improving symptoms of depression, increasing treatment adherence, and facilitating the prevention and management of adverse outcomes. As a task-shifting intervention, distant mood monitoring may help to alleviate the burden on mental health providers in developing countries. url: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-02782-y doi: 10.1186/s12888-020-02782-y id: cord-269015-850bvb9t author: Östlund, Ulrika title: Combining qualitative and quantitative research within mixed method research designs: A methodological review date: 2011-03-31 words: 8454.0 sentences: 392.0 pages: flesch: 38.0 cache: ./cache/cord-269015-850bvb9t.txt txt: ./txt/cord-269015-850bvb9t.txt summary: This paper explores the analytical approaches (i.e. parallel, concurrent or sequential) used in mixed methods studies within healthcare and exemplifies the use of triangulation as a methodological metaphor for drawing inferences from qualitative and quantitative findings originating from such analyses. This paper explores the analytical approaches (i.e. parallel, concurrent or sequential) used in mixed methods studies within healthcare and exemplifies the use of triangulation as a methodological metaphor for drawing inferences from qualitative and quantitative findings originating from such analyses. Papers reporting on mixed methods studies within healthcare research were reviewed to (i) determine the type of analysis approach used, i.e. parallel, concurrent, or sequential data analysis and, (ii) identify studies which could be used to illustrate the use of the methodological metaphor of triangulation suggested by Erzberger and Kelle (2003) . abstract: Abstract Objectives It has been argued that mixed methods research can be useful in nursing and health science because of the complexity of the phenomena studied. However, the integration of qualitative and quantitative approaches continues to be one of much debate and there is a need for a rigorous framework for designing and interpreting mixed methods research. This paper explores the analytical approaches (i.e. parallel, concurrent or sequential) used in mixed methods studies within healthcare and exemplifies the use of triangulation as a methodological metaphor for drawing inferences from qualitative and quantitative findings originating from such analyses. Design This review of the literature used systematic principles in searching CINAHL, Medline and PsycINFO for healthcare research studies which employed a mixed methods approach and were published in the English language between January 1999 and September 2009. Results In total, 168 studies were included in the results. Most studies originated in the United States of America (USA), the United Kingdom (UK) and Canada. The analytic approach most widely used was parallel data analysis. A number of studies used sequential data analysis; far fewer studies employed concurrent data analysis. Very few of these studies clearly articulated the purpose for using a mixed methods design. The use of the methodological metaphor of triangulation on convergent, complementary, and divergent results from mixed methods studies is exemplified and an example of developing theory from such data is provided. Conclusion A trend for conducting parallel data analysis on quantitative and qualitative data in mixed methods healthcare research has been identified in the studies included in this review. Using triangulation as a methodological metaphor can facilitate the integration of qualitative and quantitative findings, help researchers to clarify their theoretical propositions and the basis of their results. This can offer a better understanding of the links between theory and empirical findings, challenge theoretical assumptions and develop new theory. url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21084086/ doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2010.10.005 id: cord-318209-llucxztc author: Öztürk, Selçuk title: Therapeutic Applications of Stem Cells and Extracellular Vesicles in Emergency Care: Futuristic Perspectives date: 2020-08-24 words: 13633.0 sentences: 610.0 pages: flesch: 35.0 cache: ./cache/cord-318209-llucxztc.txt txt: ./txt/cord-318209-llucxztc.txt summary: A phase-1 clinical trial investigating autologous BM-derived mononuclear cell (BM-MNC) infusion in pediatric TBI patients indicated that Fig. 1 Main pathological conditions requiring acute emergency care that can benefit from stem cell therapies or extracellular vesicle therapies in the future harvesting and infusion of stem cells is safe in children with no infusion related toxicity or death [30] . The regenerative potential of various types of stem cells, with different sources, dosages, delivery routes, application times and end-points has been investigated in preclinical animal models and human clinical trials with the expectation that these cells would successfully engraft into the damaged brain tissue, differentiate into functional neuronal and vascular system cells and promote full recovery after stroke. A recently published systematic review of 76 studies testing stem cells in rodent ischemic stroke models and 4 randomized human clinical trials encompassing ischemic stroke patients treated with autologous stem cells with at least one year follow-up period demonstrated that stem cell therapies show beneficial effects in terms of behavior and histological outcomes in rodents. abstract: Regenerative medicine (RM) is an interdisciplinary field that aims to repair, replace or regenerate damaged or missing tissue or organs to function as close as possible to its physiological architecture and functions. Stem cells, which are undifferentiated cells retaining self-renewal potential, excessive proliferation and differentiation capacity into offspring or daughter cells that form different lineage cells of an organism, are considered as an important part of the RM approaches. They have been widely investigated in preclinical and clinical studies for therapeutic purposes. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are the vital mediators that regulate the therapeutic effects of stem cells. Besides, they carry various types of cargo between cells which make them a significant contributor of intercellular communication. Given their role in physiological and pathological conditions in living cells, EVs are considered as a new therapeutic alternative solution for a variety of diseases in which there is a high unmet clinical need. This review aims to summarize and identify therapeutic potential of stem cells and EVs in diseases requiring acute emergency care such as trauma, heart diseases, stroke, acute respiratory distress syndrome and burn injury. Diseases that affect militaries or societies including acute radiation syndrome, sepsis and viral pandemics such as novel coronavirus disease 2019 are also discussed. Additionally, featuring and problematic issues that hamper clinical translation of stem cells and EVs are debated in a comparative manner with a futuristic perspective. [Figure: see text] url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12015-020-10029-2 doi: 10.1007/s12015-020-10029-2 id: cord-006636-xgikbdns author: Ühlein, E. title: Übersicht Über neue ernährungswissenschaftliche Publikationen date: 1964-02-01 words: 31038.0 sentences: 4914.0 pages: flesch: 58.0 cache: ./cache/cord-006636-xgikbdns.txt txt: ./txt/cord-006636-xgikbdns.txt summary: L. : Effect of a low dietary level of three types of fat on reproductive performance and tissue lipid content of the vitamin B6-deficicnt female rat. H.: Effect of dietary protein and fat on growth, protein utilization, and carcass composition of pigs fed purified diets. Effect of food fats on concentration of ketone bodies and citric acid level in blood and tissues Effect of a low dietary level of three types of fat on reproductive performance and tissue lipid content of the vitamin B6-defieient female rat The effect on the serum cholesterol levels of the consumption of a special dietary fat with a high content of unsaturated fatty acids in elderly people Effect of protein intake and cold exposure on selected liver enzymes associated with amino acid metabolism Effect of protein intake and cold exposure on selected liver enzymes associated with amino acid metabolism abstract: nan url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7102153/ doi: 10.1007/bf02021334 ==== make-pages.sh questions [ERIC WAS HERE] ==== make-pages.sh search /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/make-pages.sh: line 77: /data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/tmp/search.htm: No such file or directory Traceback (most recent call last): File "/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/bin/tsv2htm-search.py", line 51, in with open( TEMPLATE, 'r' ) as handle : htm = handle.read() FileNotFoundError: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/data-disk/reader-compute/reader-cord/tmp/search.htm' ==== make-pages.sh topic modeling corpus Zipping study carrel