id sid tid token lemma pos cord-335582-30rws724 1 1 key key JJ cord-335582-30rws724 1 2 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 1 3 cord-335582 cord-335582 NN cord-335582-30rws724 1 4 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 1 5 30rws724 30rws724 CD cord-335582-30rws724 1 6 authors author NNS cord-335582-30rws724 1 7 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 1 8 Bonal Bonal NNP cord-335582-30rws724 1 9 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 1 10 Xavier Xavier NNP cord-335582-30rws724 1 11 ; ; : cord-335582-30rws724 1 12 González González NNP cord-335582-30rws724 1 13 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 1 14 Sheila Sheila NNP cord-335582-30rws724 1 15 title title NN cord-335582-30rws724 1 16 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 1 17 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 1 18 impact impact NN cord-335582-30rws724 1 19 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 1 20 lockdown lockdown NN cord-335582-30rws724 1 21 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 1 22 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 1 23 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 1 24 gap gap NN cord-335582-30rws724 1 25 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 1 26 family family NN cord-335582-30rws724 1 27 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 1 28 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 1 29 divisions division NNS cord-335582-30rws724 1 30 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 1 31 times time NNS cord-335582-30rws724 1 32 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 1 33 crisis crisis NN cord-335582-30rws724 1 34 date date NN cord-335582-30rws724 1 35 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 1 36 2020 2020 CD cord-335582-30rws724 1 37 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 1 38 09 09 CD cord-335582-30rws724 1 39 - - SYM cord-335582-30rws724 1 40 15 15 CD cord-335582-30rws724 1 41 journal journal NN cord-335582-30rws724 1 42 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 2 1 Int Int NNP cord-335582-30rws724 2 2 Rev Rev NNP cord-335582-30rws724 2 3 Educ Educ NNP cord-335582-30rws724 2 4 DOI DOI NNP cord-335582-30rws724 3 1 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 3 2 10.1007 10.1007 CD cord-335582-30rws724 3 3 / / SYM cord-335582-30rws724 3 4 s11159 s11159 NNP cord-335582-30rws724 3 5 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 3 6 020 020 CD cord-335582-30rws724 3 7 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 3 8 09860-z 09860-z NN cord-335582-30rws724 4 1 sha sha NNP cord-335582-30rws724 4 2 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 5 1 3a9be75649e25100a6304dd6c04a82a306feca3c 3a9be75649e25100a6304dd6c04a82a306feca3c NNP cord-335582-30rws724 5 2 doc_id doc_id CD cord-335582-30rws724 5 3 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 5 4 335582 335582 CD cord-335582-30rws724 5 5 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-335582-30rws724 5 6 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 6 1 30rws724 30rws724 CD cord-335582-30rws724 7 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 7 2 lockdown lockdown NN cord-335582-30rws724 7 3 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 7 4 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 7 5 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 7 6 Spain Spain NNP cord-335582-30rws724 7 7 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 7 8 confront confront VB cord-335582-30rws724 7 9 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 7 10 effects effect NNS cord-335582-30rws724 7 11 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 7 12 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-335582-30rws724 7 13 caused cause VBD cord-335582-30rws724 7 14 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 7 15 enormous enormous JJ cord-335582-30rws724 7 16 impact impact NN cord-335582-30rws724 7 17 at at IN cord-335582-30rws724 7 18 both both CC cord-335582-30rws724 7 19 societal societal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 7 20 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 7 21 educational educational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 7 22 levels level NNS cord-335582-30rws724 7 23 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 8 1 Schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 8 2 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 8 3 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 8 4 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 8 5 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 8 6 react react VB cord-335582-30rws724 8 7 rapidly rapidly RB cord-335582-30rws724 8 8 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 8 9 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 8 10 new new JJ cord-335582-30rws724 8 11 teaching teaching NN cord-335582-30rws724 8 12 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 8 13 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 8 14 scenario scenario NN cord-335582-30rws724 8 15 without without IN cord-335582-30rws724 8 16 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 8 17 benefit benefit NN cord-335582-30rws724 8 18 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 8 19 previous previous JJ cord-335582-30rws724 8 20 planning planning NN cord-335582-30rws724 8 21 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 8 22 government government NN cord-335582-30rws724 8 23 guidelines guideline NNS cord-335582-30rws724 8 24 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 9 1 In in IN cord-335582-30rws724 9 2 this this DT cord-335582-30rws724 9 3 context context NN cord-335582-30rws724 9 4 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 9 5 some some DT cord-335582-30rws724 9 6 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 9 7 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 9 8 better well RBR cord-335582-30rws724 9 9 able able JJ cord-335582-30rws724 9 10 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 9 11 adapt adapt VB cord-335582-30rws724 9 12 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 9 13 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 9 14 new new JJ cord-335582-30rws724 9 15 circumstances circumstance NNS cord-335582-30rws724 9 16 than than IN cord-335582-30rws724 9 17 others other NNS cord-335582-30rws724 9 18 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 10 1 Likewise likewise RB cord-335582-30rws724 10 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 10 3 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 10 4 structure structure NN cord-335582-30rws724 10 5 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 10 6 size size NN cord-335582-30rws724 10 7 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 10 8 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 10 9 ’ ’ POS cord-335582-30rws724 10 10 economic economic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 10 11 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 10 12 social social JJ cord-335582-30rws724 10 13 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 10 14 cultural cultural JJ cord-335582-30rws724 10 15 capital capital NN cord-335582-30rws724 10 16 produced produce VBD cord-335582-30rws724 10 17 significant significant JJ cord-335582-30rws724 10 18 differences difference NNS cord-335582-30rws724 10 19 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 10 20 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 10 21 learning learn VBG cord-335582-30rws724 10 22 opportunities opportunity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 10 23 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 10 24 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 10 25 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 10 26 different different JJ cord-335582-30rws724 10 27 backgrounds background NNS cord-335582-30rws724 10 28 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 11 1 This this DT cord-335582-30rws724 11 2 article article NN cord-335582-30rws724 11 3 assesses assess VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 11 4 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 11 5 impact impact NN cord-335582-30rws724 11 6 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 11 7 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 11 8 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 11 9 lockdown lockdown NN cord-335582-30rws724 11 10 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 11 11 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 11 12 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 11 13 gap gap NN cord-335582-30rws724 11 14 between between IN cord-335582-30rws724 11 15 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 11 16 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 11 17 different different JJ cord-335582-30rws724 11 18 social social JJ cord-335582-30rws724 11 19 backgrounds background NNS cord-335582-30rws724 11 20 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 11 21 Catalonia Catalonia NNP cord-335582-30rws724 11 22 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 12 1 Based base VBN cord-335582-30rws724 12 2 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 12 3 35,419 35,419 CD cord-335582-30rws724 12 4 responses response NNS cord-335582-30rws724 12 5 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 12 6 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 12 7 online online JJ cord-335582-30rws724 12 8 survey survey NN cord-335582-30rws724 12 9 administered administer VBN cord-335582-30rws724 12 10 between between IN cord-335582-30rws724 12 11 26 26 CD cord-335582-30rws724 12 12 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 12 13 30 30 CD cord-335582-30rws724 12 14 March March NNP cord-335582-30rws724 12 15 2020 2020 CD cord-335582-30rws724 12 16 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 12 17 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 12 18 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 12 19 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 12 20 aged age VBN cord-335582-30rws724 12 21 between between IN cord-335582-30rws724 12 22 3 3 CD cord-335582-30rws724 12 23 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 12 24 18 18 CD cord-335582-30rws724 12 25 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 12 26 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 12 27 authors author NNS cord-335582-30rws724 12 28 ’ ’ POS cord-335582-30rws724 12 29 analysis analysis NN cord-335582-30rws724 12 30 shows show VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 12 31 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 12 32 learning learn VBG cord-335582-30rws724 12 33 opportunities opportunity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 12 34 varied vary VBD cord-335582-30rws724 12 35 significantly significantly RB cord-335582-30rws724 12 36 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 13 1 Middle middle JJ cord-335582-30rws724 13 2 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 13 3 class class NN cord-335582-30rws724 13 4 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 13 5 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 13 6 able able JJ cord-335582-30rws724 13 7 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 13 8 maintain maintain VB cord-335582-30rws724 13 9 higher high JJR cord-335582-30rws724 13 10 standards standard NNS cord-335582-30rws724 13 11 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 13 12 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 13 13 quality quality NN cord-335582-30rws724 13 14 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 13 15 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 13 16 critical critical JJ cord-335582-30rws724 13 17 context context NN cord-335582-30rws724 13 18 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 13 19 while while IN cord-335582-30rws724 13 20 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 13 21 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 13 22 socially socially RB cord-335582-30rws724 13 23 disadvantaged disadvantaged JJ cord-335582-30rws724 13 24 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 13 25 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 13 26 few few JJ cord-335582-30rws724 13 27 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 13 28 opportunities opportunity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 13 29 both both CC cord-335582-30rws724 13 30 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 13 31 terms term NNS cord-335582-30rws724 13 32 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 13 33 time time NN cord-335582-30rws724 13 34 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 13 35 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 13 36 experiences experience NNS cord-335582-30rws724 13 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 13 38 schoolwork schoolwork NN cord-335582-30rws724 13 39 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 13 40 maintenance maintenance NN cord-335582-30rws724 13 41 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 13 42 after after IN cord-335582-30rws724 13 43 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 13 44 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 13 45 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 13 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 13 47 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 14 1 Results result NNS cord-335582-30rws724 14 2 differed differ VBN cord-335582-30rws724 14 3 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 14 4 type type NN cord-335582-30rws724 14 5 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 14 6 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 14 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 14 8 public public JJ cord-335582-30rws724 14 9 / / SYM cord-335582-30rws724 14 10 private private JJ cord-335582-30rws724 14 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 14 12 where where WRB cord-335582-30rws724 14 13 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 14 14 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 14 15 enrolled enrol VBN cord-335582-30rws724 14 16 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 14 17 family family NN cord-335582-30rws724 14 18 economic economic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 14 19 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 14 20 social social JJ cord-335582-30rws724 14 21 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 14 22 cultural cultural JJ cord-335582-30rws724 14 23 capital capital NN cord-335582-30rws724 14 24 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 14 25 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 14 26 family family NN cord-335582-30rws724 14 27 living living NN cord-335582-30rws724 14 28 conditions condition NNS cord-335582-30rws724 14 29 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 15 1 In in IN cord-335582-30rws724 15 2 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 15 3 final final JJ cord-335582-30rws724 15 4 part part NN cord-335582-30rws724 15 5 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 15 6 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 15 7 article article NN cord-335582-30rws724 15 8 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 15 9 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 15 10 authors author NNS cord-335582-30rws724 15 11 highlight highlight VBP cord-335582-30rws724 15 12 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 15 13 importance importance NN cord-335582-30rws724 15 14 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 15 15 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 15 16 role role NN cord-335582-30rws724 15 17 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 15 18 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 15 19 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 15 20 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 15 21 ensuring ensure VBG cord-335582-30rws724 15 22 learning learn VBG cord-335582-30rws724 15 23 opportunities opportunity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 15 24 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 15 25 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 15 26 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 15 27 low low JJ cord-335582-30rws724 15 28 socioeconomic socioeconomic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 15 29 backgrounds background NNS cord-335582-30rws724 15 30 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 15 31 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 15 32 they -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 15 33 discuss discuss VBP cord-335582-30rws724 15 34 some some DT cord-335582-30rws724 15 35 policy policy NN cord-335582-30rws724 15 36 implications implication NNS cord-335582-30rws724 15 37 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 15 38 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 15 39 findings finding NNS cord-335582-30rws724 15 40 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 16 1 L'impact l'impact CD cord-335582-30rws724 17 1 du du NNP cord-335582-30rws724 17 2 confinement confinement NN cord-335582-30rws724 17 3 sur sur FW cord-335582-30rws724 17 4 les les FW cord-335582-30rws724 17 5 écarts écarts FW cord-335582-30rws724 17 6 en en IN cord-335582-30rws724 17 7 matière matière FW cord-335582-30rws724 17 8 d'apprentissage d'apprentissage FW cord-335582-30rws724 17 9 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 18 1 disparités disparités NNP cord-335582-30rws724 18 2 familiales familiales NNPS cord-335582-30rws724 18 3 et et NNP cord-335582-30rws724 18 4 scolaires scolaires FW cord-335582-30rws724 18 5 en en FW cord-335582-30rws724 18 6 période période FW cord-335582-30rws724 18 7 de de FW cord-335582-30rws724 18 8 crise crise NNP cord-335582-30rws724 18 9 -La -La : cord-335582-30rws724 18 10 fermeture fermeture NNP cord-335582-30rws724 18 11 des des FW cord-335582-30rws724 18 12 écoles écoles FW cord-335582-30rws724 18 13 en en IN cord-335582-30rws724 19 1 Espagne Espagne NNP cord-335582-30rws724 19 2 durant durant NNP cord-335582-30rws724 19 3 le le NNP cord-335582-30rws724 19 4 confinement confinement NN cord-335582-30rws724 19 5 pour pour FW cord-335582-30rws724 19 6 faire faire FW cord-335582-30rws724 19 7 face face NN cord-335582-30rws724 19 8 aux aux FW cord-335582-30rws724 19 9 effets effets NNP cord-335582-30rws724 19 10 de de NNP cord-335582-30rws724 19 11 la la NNP cord-335582-30rws724 20 1 COVID-19 covid-19 VB cord-335582-30rws724 20 2 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 20 3 eu eu NNP cord-335582-30rws724 20 4 d'immenses d'immenses FW cord-335582-30rws724 20 5 répercussions répercussions NNPS cord-335582-30rws724 20 6 sur sur FW cord-335582-30rws724 20 7 les les NNP cord-335582-30rws724 20 8 plans plan VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 20 9 sociétal sociétal NNP cord-335582-30rws724 20 10 et et FW cord-335582-30rws724 20 11 éducatif éducatif FW cord-335582-30rws724 20 12 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 21 1 Les Les NNP cord-335582-30rws724 21 2 écoles écoles NNP cord-335582-30rws724 21 3 et et NNP cord-335582-30rws724 21 4 les les FW cord-335582-30rws724 21 5 familles familles FW cord-335582-30rws724 21 6 ont ont NNP cord-335582-30rws724 21 7 rapidement rapidement FW cord-335582-30rws724 21 8 réagi réagi NNP cord-335582-30rws724 21 9 au au NNP cord-335582-30rws724 22 1 nouveau nouveau NNP cord-335582-30rws724 22 2 scénario scénario NNP cord-335582-30rws724 22 3 de de FW cord-335582-30rws724 22 4 l'enseignement l'enseignement NNP cord-335582-30rws724 22 5 et et NNP cord-335582-30rws724 22 6 de de FW cord-335582-30rws724 22 7 l'apprentissage l'apprentissage FW cord-335582-30rws724 22 8 sans sans FW cord-335582-30rws724 22 9 pouvoir pouvoir FW cord-335582-30rws724 22 10 s'appuyer s'appuyer FW cord-335582-30rws724 22 11 sur sur FW cord-335582-30rws724 22 12 une une FW cord-335582-30rws724 22 13 planification planification FW cord-335582-30rws724 22 14 préalable préalable FW cord-335582-30rws724 22 15 ou ou FW cord-335582-30rws724 22 16 des des FW cord-335582-30rws724 22 17 directives directive NNS cord-335582-30rws724 22 18 gouvernementales gouvernementales NNPS cord-335582-30rws724 22 19 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 23 1 Dans Dans NNP cord-335582-30rws724 23 2 ce ce NNP cord-335582-30rws724 23 3 contexte contexte NNP cord-335582-30rws724 23 4 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 23 5 certaines certaines NNP cord-335582-30rws724 23 6 écoles écoles NNP cord-335582-30rws724 23 7 ont ont NNP cord-335582-30rws724 23 8 réussi réussi FW cord-335582-30rws724 23 9 mieux mieux FW cord-335582-30rws724 23 10 que que FW cord-335582-30rws724 23 11 d'autres d'autres FW cord-335582-30rws724 23 12 à à FW cord-335582-30rws724 23 13 s'adapter s'adapter NNP cord-335582-30rws724 23 14 à à FW cord-335582-30rws724 23 15 ces ces NNP cord-335582-30rws724 23 16 nouvelles nouvelles NNPS cord-335582-30rws724 23 17 circonstances circonstance NNS cord-335582-30rws724 23 18 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 24 1 De De NNP cord-335582-30rws724 24 2 même même NNP cord-335582-30rws724 24 3 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 24 4 la la NNP cord-335582-30rws724 24 5 structure structure NN cord-335582-30rws724 24 6 et et NNP cord-335582-30rws724 25 1 la la NNP cord-335582-30rws724 26 1 taille taille NNP cord-335582-30rws724 26 2 du du NNP cord-335582-30rws724 26 3 capital capital NNP cord-335582-30rws724 26 4 économique économique NNP cord-335582-30rws724 26 5 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 26 6 social social NNP cord-335582-30rws724 26 7 et et NNP cord-335582-30rws724 26 8 culturel culturel NNP cord-335582-30rws724 26 9 des des FW cord-335582-30rws724 26 10 familles familles NNP cord-335582-30rws724 27 1 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 27 2 montré montré NNP cord-335582-30rws724 27 3 qu'en qu'en NNP cord-335582-30rws724 27 4 fonction fonction NNP cord-335582-30rws724 27 5 de de FW cord-335582-30rws724 27 6 leur leur FW cord-335582-30rws724 27 7 milieu milieu NN cord-335582-30rws724 27 8 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 27 9 les les FW cord-335582-30rws724 27 10 enfants enfants NNP cord-335582-30rws724 27 11 avaient avaient NNP cord-335582-30rws724 27 12 des des NNP cord-335582-30rws724 27 13 possibilités possibilités NNP cord-335582-30rws724 27 14 d'apprendre d'apprendre NNP cord-335582-30rws724 27 15 très très NNP cord-335582-30rws724 27 16 inégales inégales NNP cord-335582-30rws724 27 17 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 28 1 Cet Cet NNP cord-335582-30rws724 28 2 article article NN cord-335582-30rws724 28 3 évalue évalue NNP cord-335582-30rws724 28 4 l'impact l'impact NNP cord-335582-30rws724 28 5 de de NNP cord-335582-30rws724 28 6 la la NNP cord-335582-30rws724 28 7 fermeture fermeture FW cord-335582-30rws724 28 8 des des FW cord-335582-30rws724 28 9 écoles écoles NNP cord-335582-30rws724 28 10 en en FW cord-335582-30rws724 28 11 Espagne Espagne NNP cord-335582-30rws724 28 12 durant durant NNP cord-335582-30rws724 28 13 le le NNP cord-335582-30rws724 28 14 confinement confinement NN cord-335582-30rws724 28 15 sur sur FW cord-335582-30rws724 28 16 les les FW cord-335582-30rws724 28 17 écarts écarts FW cord-335582-30rws724 28 18 en en FW cord-335582-30rws724 28 19 matière matière FW cord-335582-30rws724 28 20 d'apprentissage d'apprentissage FW cord-335582-30rws724 28 21 chez chez FW cord-335582-30rws724 28 22 des des FW cord-335582-30rws724 28 23 enfants enfants NNP cord-335582-30rws724 28 24 de de NNP cord-335582-30rws724 28 25 différents différents NNP cord-335582-30rws724 28 26 milieux milieux FW cord-335582-30rws724 28 27 sociaux sociaux FW cord-335582-30rws724 28 28 en en IN cord-335582-30rws724 28 29 Catalogne Catalogne NNP cord-335582-30rws724 28 30 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 29 1 S'appuyant S'appuyant NNP cord-335582-30rws724 29 2 sur sur NNP cord-335582-30rws724 29 3 35 35 CD cord-335582-30rws724 29 4 419 419 CD cord-335582-30rws724 29 5 réponses réponse NNS cord-335582-30rws724 29 6 à à FW cord-335582-30rws724 29 7 une une FW cord-335582-30rws724 29 8 enquête enquête FW cord-335582-30rws724 29 9 en en FW cord-335582-30rws724 29 10 ligne ligne NNP cord-335582-30rws724 29 11 menée menée NNP cord-335582-30rws724 29 12 entre entre NNP cord-335582-30rws724 29 13 le le NNP cord-335582-30rws724 29 14 26 26 CD cord-335582-30rws724 29 15 et et NNP cord-335582-30rws724 29 16 le le NNP cord-335582-30rws724 29 17 30 30 CD cord-335582-30rws724 29 18 mars mars NNP cord-335582-30rws724 29 19 2020 2020 CD cord-335582-30rws724 29 20 auprès auprès NNP cord-335582-30rws724 29 21 de de FW cord-335582-30rws724 29 22 familles familles FW cord-335582-30rws724 29 23 avec avec FW cord-335582-30rws724 29 24 des des FW cord-335582-30rws724 29 25 enfants enfants FW cord-335582-30rws724 29 26 âgés âgés NNP cord-335582-30rws724 29 27 de de FW cord-335582-30rws724 29 28 trois trois FW cord-335582-30rws724 29 29 à à FW cord-335582-30rws724 29 30 dix dix NNP cord-335582-30rws724 29 31 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 29 32 huit huit NNP cord-335582-30rws724 29 33 ans ans NNPS cord-335582-30rws724 29 34 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 29 35 l'analyse l'analyse NNP cord-335582-30rws724 29 36 des des NNP cord-335582-30rws724 29 37 auteurs auteurs NNP cord-335582-30rws724 29 38 révèle révèle NNP cord-335582-30rws724 29 39 de de NNP cord-335582-30rws724 29 40 considérables considérables NNP cord-335582-30rws724 29 41 disparités disparités NNP cord-335582-30rws724 29 42 concernant concernant NNP cord-335582-30rws724 29 43 les les FW cord-335582-30rws724 29 44 possibilités possibilités NNP cord-335582-30rws724 29 45 d'apprendre d'apprendre NNP cord-335582-30rws724 29 46 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 30 1 Les Les NNP cord-335582-30rws724 30 2 familles familles FW cord-335582-30rws724 30 3 de de FW cord-335582-30rws724 30 4 la la FW cord-335582-30rws724 30 5 classe classe NNP cord-335582-30rws724 30 6 moyenne moyenne NNP cord-335582-30rws724 30 7 ont ont NNP cord-335582-30rws724 30 8 réussi réussi NNP cord-335582-30rws724 30 9 à à FW cord-335582-30rws724 30 10 maintenir maintenir NNP cord-335582-30rws724 30 11 un un NNP cord-335582-30rws724 30 12 niveau niveau NNP cord-335582-30rws724 30 13 d'éducation d'éducation FW cord-335582-30rws724 30 14 élevé élevé FW cord-335582-30rws724 30 15 dans dans FW cord-335582-30rws724 30 16 cette cette NNP cord-335582-30rws724 30 17 situation situation NN cord-335582-30rws724 30 18 critique critique NNP cord-335582-30rws724 30 19 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 30 20 tandis tandis NNP cord-335582-30rws724 30 21 que que NNP cord-335582-30rws724 30 22 dans dans FW cord-335582-30rws724 30 23 les les FW cord-335582-30rws724 30 24 familles familles FW cord-335582-30rws724 30 25 défavorisées défavorisées NNP cord-335582-30rws724 30 26 sur sur FW cord-335582-30rws724 30 27 le le FW cord-335582-30rws724 30 28 plan plan NNP cord-335582-30rws724 30 29 social social NNP cord-335582-30rws724 30 30 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 30 31 les les NNP cord-335582-30rws724 30 32 possibilités possibilités FW cord-335582-30rws724 30 33 des des NNP cord-335582-30rws724 30 34 enfants enfants NNP cord-335582-30rws724 30 35 étaient étaient NNP cord-335582-30rws724 30 36 restreintes restreintes NNPS cord-335582-30rws724 30 37 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 30 38 tant tant FW cord-335582-30rws724 30 39 en en FW cord-335582-30rws724 30 40 termes termes FW cord-335582-30rws724 30 41 de de FW cord-335582-30rws724 30 42 temps temps FW cord-335582-30rws724 30 43 que que NNP cord-335582-30rws724 30 44 d'expériences d'expériences NNP cord-335582-30rws724 30 45 éducatives éducatives NNP cord-335582-30rws724 30 46 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 30 47 devoirs devoirs NNP cord-335582-30rws724 30 48 et et NNP cord-335582-30rws724 30 49 maintien maintien NNP cord-335582-30rws724 30 50 d'activités d'activités NNP cord-335582-30rws724 30 51 extrascolaires extrascolaires NNP cord-335582-30rws724 30 52 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 30 53 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 31 1 Les Les NNP cord-335582-30rws724 31 2 résultats résultats NNP cord-335582-30rws724 31 3 étaient étaient NNP cord-335582-30rws724 31 4 différents différents NNP cord-335582-30rws724 31 5 en en IN cord-335582-30rws724 31 6 fonction fonction FW cord-335582-30rws724 31 7 du du NNP cord-335582-30rws724 31 8 type type NN cord-335582-30rws724 31 9 d'établissement d'établissement NNP cord-335582-30rws724 31 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 31 11 public public JJ cord-335582-30rws724 31 12 / / SYM cord-335582-30rws724 31 13 privé privé NN cord-335582-30rws724 31 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 32 1 où où NNP cord-335582-30rws724 32 2 les les FW cord-335582-30rws724 32 3 élèves élèves NNP cord-335582-30rws724 32 4 étaient étaient NNP cord-335582-30rws724 32 5 inscrits inscrits NNP cord-335582-30rws724 32 6 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 32 7 de de FW cord-335582-30rws724 32 8 la la NNP cord-335582-30rws724 32 9 situation situation NN cord-335582-30rws724 32 10 économique économique NNP cord-335582-30rws724 32 11 de de FW cord-335582-30rws724 32 12 la la FW cord-335582-30rws724 32 13 famille famille NNP cord-335582-30rws724 32 14 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 32 15 du du NNP cord-335582-30rws724 32 16 capital capital NNP cord-335582-30rws724 32 17 social social NNP cord-335582-30rws724 32 18 et et NNP cord-335582-30rws724 32 19 culturel culturel NNP cord-335582-30rws724 32 20 de de FW cord-335582-30rws724 32 21 cette cette FW cord-335582-30rws724 32 22 dernière dernière FW cord-335582-30rws724 32 23 et et FW cord-335582-30rws724 32 24 de de FW cord-335582-30rws724 32 25 ses ses NNP cord-335582-30rws724 32 26 conditions condition NNS cord-335582-30rws724 32 27 de de NNP cord-335582-30rws724 32 28 vie vie NNP cord-335582-30rws724 32 29 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 33 1 Dans Dans NNP cord-335582-30rws724 33 2 la la FW cord-335582-30rws724 33 3 dernière dernière FW cord-335582-30rws724 33 4 partie partie FW cord-335582-30rws724 33 5 de de FW cord-335582-30rws724 33 6 l'article l'article NNP cord-335582-30rws724 33 7 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 33 8 les les NNP cord-335582-30rws724 33 9 auteurs auteurs NNP cord-335582-30rws724 33 10 soulignent soulignent NN cord-335582-30rws724 33 11 l'importance l'importance NNP cord-335582-30rws724 33 12 du du NNP cord-335582-30rws724 33 13 rôle rôle FW cord-335582-30rws724 33 14 de de FW cord-335582-30rws724 33 15 l'école l'école FW cord-335582-30rws724 33 16 pour pour FW cord-335582-30rws724 33 17 garantir garantir FW cord-335582-30rws724 33 18 la la NNP cord-335582-30rws724 33 19 possibilité possibilité NNP cord-335582-30rws724 33 20 d'apprendre d'apprendre NNP cord-335582-30rws724 33 21 aux aux NNP cord-335582-30rws724 33 22 enfants enfants NNP cord-335582-30rws724 33 23 de de NNP cord-335582-30rws724 33 24 milieux milieux FW cord-335582-30rws724 33 25 socioéconomiquement socioéconomiquement NNP cord-335582-30rws724 33 26 faibles faible NNS cord-335582-30rws724 33 27 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 34 1 Ils Ils NNP cord-335582-30rws724 34 2 abordent abordent NNP cord-335582-30rws724 34 3 en en IN cord-335582-30rws724 34 4 outre outre FW cord-335582-30rws724 34 5 un un NNP cord-335582-30rws724 35 1 certain certain JJ cord-335582-30rws724 35 2 nombre nombre NNP cord-335582-30rws724 35 3 de de NNP cord-335582-30rws724 35 4 conséquences conséquences NNP cord-335582-30rws724 35 5 qu'entraînent qu'entraînent NNP cord-335582-30rws724 35 6 leurs leur NNS cord-335582-30rws724 35 7 constatations constatation NNS cord-335582-30rws724 35 8 pour pour VBP cord-335582-30rws724 35 9 les les FW cord-335582-30rws724 35 10 politiques politiques FW cord-335582-30rws724 35 11 en en FW cord-335582-30rws724 35 12 matière matière FW cord-335582-30rws724 35 13 d'éducation d'éducation NNP cord-335582-30rws724 35 14 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 36 1 El El NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 2 impacto impacto NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 3 del del NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 4 cierre cierre NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 5 escolar escolar NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 6 en en NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 7 la la NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 8 brecha brecha NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 9 de de NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 10 aprendizaje aprendizaje NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 11 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 36 12 divisiones divisiones NNPS cord-335582-30rws724 36 13 familiares familiares NNPS cord-335582-30rws724 36 14 y y NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 15 escolares escolares NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 16 en en NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 17 tiempos tiempos NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 18 de de IN cord-335582-30rws724 36 19 crisis crisis NN cord-335582-30rws724 36 20 -El -El HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 36 21 cierre cierre NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 22 de de IN cord-335582-30rws724 36 23 escuelas escuelas NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 24 en en FW cord-335582-30rws724 36 25 España España NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 26 para para NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 27 hacer hacer FW cord-335582-30rws724 36 28 frente frente NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 29 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 36 30 los los NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 31 efectos efectos NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 32 de de FW cord-335582-30rws724 36 33 la la NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 34 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 35 causó causó NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 36 un un NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 37 enorme enorme NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 38 impacto impacto FW cord-335582-30rws724 36 39 tanto tanto NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 40 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 36 41 nivel nivel NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 42 social social NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 43 como como NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 44 educativo educativo NNP cord-335582-30rws724 36 45 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 37 1 Escuelas Escuelas NNP cord-335582-30rws724 37 2 y y NNP cord-335582-30rws724 37 3 familias familias NNP cord-335582-30rws724 37 4 tuvieron tuvieron NNP cord-335582-30rws724 37 5 que que NNP cord-335582-30rws724 37 6 reaccionar reaccionar NNP cord-335582-30rws724 38 1 rápidamente rápidamente NNP cord-335582-30rws724 38 2 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 38 3 un un NNP cord-335582-30rws724 38 4 nuevo nuevo NNP cord-335582-30rws724 38 5 escenario escenario NNP cord-335582-30rws724 38 6 de de NNP cord-335582-30rws724 38 7 enseñanza enseñanza NNP cord-335582-30rws724 38 8 y y NNP cord-335582-30rws724 38 9 aprendizaje aprendizaje NNP cord-335582-30rws724 38 10 sin sin NNP cord-335582-30rws724 39 1 contar contar NNP cord-335582-30rws724 39 2 con con NNP cord-335582-30rws724 39 3 planificación planificación NNP cord-335582-30rws724 40 1 previa previa NNP cord-335582-30rws724 40 2 o o FW cord-335582-30rws724 40 3 con con NN cord-335582-30rws724 40 4 directrices directrice NNS cord-335582-30rws724 40 5 gubernamentales gubernamentale NNS cord-335582-30rws724 40 6 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 41 1 En en IN cord-335582-30rws724 41 2 este este NNP cord-335582-30rws724 41 3 contexto contexto NNP cord-335582-30rws724 41 4 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 41 5 algunas algunas NNP cord-335582-30rws724 41 6 escuelas escuelas NNP cord-335582-30rws724 41 7 fueron fueron NNP cord-335582-30rws724 41 8 capaces capaces NNP cord-335582-30rws724 41 9 de de NNP cord-335582-30rws724 41 10 adaptarse adaptarse NNP cord-335582-30rws724 41 11 mejor mejor NNP cord-335582-30rws724 41 12 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 41 13 las las NNP cord-335582-30rws724 41 14 nuevas nuevas NNP cord-335582-30rws724 41 15 circunstancias circunstancias NNP cord-335582-30rws724 41 16 que que NNP cord-335582-30rws724 41 17 otras otras NNP cord-335582-30rws724 41 18 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 42 1 Asimismo Asimismo NNP cord-335582-30rws724 42 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 42 3 la la NNP cord-335582-30rws724 42 4 estructura estructura NNP cord-335582-30rws724 42 5 y y NNP cord-335582-30rws724 42 6 el el NNP cord-335582-30rws724 42 7 tamaño tamaño NNP cord-335582-30rws724 42 8 del del NNP cord-335582-30rws724 42 9 capital capital NNP cord-335582-30rws724 42 10 económico económico NNP cord-335582-30rws724 42 11 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 42 12 social social NNP cord-335582-30rws724 42 13 y y NNP cord-335582-30rws724 42 14 cultural cultural NNP cord-335582-30rws724 42 15 de de NNP cord-335582-30rws724 42 16 las las NNP cord-335582-30rws724 42 17 familias familias NNP cord-335582-30rws724 42 18 produjeron produjeron NNP cord-335582-30rws724 42 19 diferencias diferencias NNP cord-335582-30rws724 42 20 significativas significativas NNP cord-335582-30rws724 42 21 en en IN cord-335582-30rws724 42 22 las las NNP cord-335582-30rws724 42 23 oportunidades oportunidades NNP cord-335582-30rws724 42 24 de de NNP cord-335582-30rws724 42 25 aprendizaje aprendizaje NNP cord-335582-30rws724 42 26 de de NNP cord-335582-30rws724 42 27 los los NNP cord-335582-30rws724 42 28 niños niños NNP cord-335582-30rws724 42 29 y y NNP cord-335582-30rws724 42 30 niñas niñas NNP cord-335582-30rws724 42 31 de de NNP cord-335582-30rws724 42 32 diferentes diferentes NNP cord-335582-30rws724 42 33 orígenes orígene NNS cord-335582-30rws724 42 34 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 43 1 Este Este NNP cord-335582-30rws724 43 2 artículo artículo NNP cord-335582-30rws724 43 3 evalúa evalúa NNP cord-335582-30rws724 43 4 el el NNP cord-335582-30rws724 43 5 impacto impacto NNP cord-335582-30rws724 43 6 del del NNP cord-335582-30rws724 43 7 cierre cierre NNP cord-335582-30rws724 43 8 de de NNP cord-335582-30rws724 43 9 las las NNP cord-335582-30rws724 43 10 escuelas escuelas NNP cord-335582-30rws724 43 11 en en NNP cord-335582-30rws724 43 12 la la NNP cord-335582-30rws724 43 13 brecha brecha NNP cord-335582-30rws724 43 14 de de NNP cord-335582-30rws724 43 15 aprendizaje aprendizaje NNP cord-335582-30rws724 43 16 entre entre NNP cord-335582-30rws724 43 17 el el NNP cord-335582-30rws724 43 18 alumnado alumnado NNP cord-335582-30rws724 43 19 de de NNP cord-335582-30rws724 43 20 diferentes diferentes NNP cord-335582-30rws724 43 21 orígenes orígenes NNPS cord-335582-30rws724 43 22 sociales sociales NNPS cord-335582-30rws724 43 23 en en IN cord-335582-30rws724 43 24 Cataluña Cataluña NNP cord-335582-30rws724 43 25 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 44 1 Sobre Sobre NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 2 la la NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 3 base base NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 4 de de NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 5 35.419 35.419 CD cord-335582-30rws724 44 6 respuestas respuestas NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 7 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 44 8 una una NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 9 encuesta encuesta NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 10 en en FW cord-335582-30rws724 44 11 línea línea NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 12 realizada realizada NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 13 entre entre NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 14 el el NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 15 26 26 CD cord-335582-30rws724 44 16 y y NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 17 el el NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 18 30 30 CD cord-335582-30rws724 44 19 de de NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 20 marzo marzo NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 21 de de NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 22 2020 2020 CD cord-335582-30rws724 44 23 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 44 24 familias familias FW cord-335582-30rws724 44 25 con con FW cord-335582-30rws724 44 26 hijos hijos NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 27 e e NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 28 hijas hijas NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 29 de de NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 30 entre entre NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 31 3 3 CD cord-335582-30rws724 44 32 y y NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 33 18 18 CD cord-335582-30rws724 44 34 años años NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 35 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 44 36 el el NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 37 análisis análisis NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 38 muestra muestra NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 39 que que NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 40 las las NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 41 oportunidades oportunidades NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 42 de de NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 43 aprendizaje aprendizaje NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 44 varían varían NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 45 significativamente significativamente NNP cord-335582-30rws724 44 46 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 45 1 Las Las NNP cord-335582-30rws724 45 2 familias familias NNP cord-335582-30rws724 45 3 de de NNP cord-335582-30rws724 45 4 clase clase NNP cord-335582-30rws724 45 5 media media NNP cord-335582-30rws724 46 1 pudieron pudieron NNP cord-335582-30rws724 46 2 mantener mantener NNP cord-335582-30rws724 46 3 niveles niveles NNP cord-335582-30rws724 46 4 más más NNP cord-335582-30rws724 46 5 altos altos NNP cord-335582-30rws724 46 6 de de FW cord-335582-30rws724 46 7 calidad calidad FW cord-335582-30rws724 46 8 educativa educativa NNP cord-335582-30rws724 47 1 en en IN cord-335582-30rws724 48 1 un un NNP cord-335582-30rws724 48 2 contexto contexto NNP cord-335582-30rws724 48 3 crítico crítico NNP cord-335582-30rws724 48 4 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 48 5 mientras mientras NNP cord-335582-30rws724 48 6 que que NNP cord-335582-30rws724 48 7 los los NNP cord-335582-30rws724 48 8 niños niños NNP cord-335582-30rws724 48 9 de de NNP cord-335582-30rws724 48 10 familias familias NNP cord-335582-30rws724 48 11 socialmente socialmente NNP cord-335582-30rws724 48 12 desfavorecidas desfavorecidas NNP cord-335582-30rws724 48 13 tuvieron tuvieron NNP cord-335582-30rws724 48 14 pocas pocas NNP cord-335582-30rws724 48 15 oportunidades oportunidades NNP cord-335582-30rws724 48 16 de de NNP cord-335582-30rws724 48 17 aprendizaje aprendizaje NNP cord-335582-30rws724 48 18 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 48 19 tanto tanto NNP cord-335582-30rws724 48 20 en en FW cord-335582-30rws724 48 21 términos términos NNP cord-335582-30rws724 48 22 de de NNP cord-335582-30rws724 48 23 tiempo tiempo NNP cord-335582-30rws724 48 24 como como NNP cord-335582-30rws724 48 25 de de NNP cord-335582-30rws724 48 26 experiencias experiencias NNP cord-335582-30rws724 48 27 de de NNP cord-335582-30rws724 48 28 aprendizaje aprendizaje NNP cord-335582-30rws724 48 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 48 30 tareas tareas NNP cord-335582-30rws724 48 31 Reducing reduce VBG cord-335582-30rws724 48 32 physical physical JJ cord-335582-30rws724 48 33 contact contact NN cord-335582-30rws724 48 34 has have VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 48 35 been be VBN cord-335582-30rws724 48 36 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 48 37 most most RBS cord-335582-30rws724 48 38 common common JJ cord-335582-30rws724 48 39 strategy strategy NN cord-335582-30rws724 48 40 adopted adopt VBN cord-335582-30rws724 48 41 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 48 42 governments government NNS cord-335582-30rws724 48 43 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 48 44 reduce reduce VB cord-335582-30rws724 48 45 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 48 46 spread spread NN cord-335582-30rws724 48 47 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 48 48 COVID-19 covid-19 NN cord-335582-30rws724 48 49 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 49 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 49 2 has have VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 49 3 led lead VBN cord-335582-30rws724 49 4 most most JJS cord-335582-30rws724 49 5 countries country NNS cord-335582-30rws724 49 6 around around IN cord-335582-30rws724 49 7 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 49 8 world world NN cord-335582-30rws724 49 9 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 49 10 close close VB cord-335582-30rws724 49 11 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 49 12 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 49 13 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 49 14 periods period NNS cord-335582-30rws724 49 15 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 49 16 time time NN cord-335582-30rws724 49 17 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 50 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 50 2 lockdown lockdown NN cord-335582-30rws724 50 3 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 50 4 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 50 5 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 50 6 Spain Spain NNP cord-335582-30rws724 50 7 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 50 8 one one CD cord-335582-30rws724 50 9 day day NN cord-335582-30rws724 50 10 before before IN cord-335582-30rws724 50 11 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 50 12 declaration declaration NN cord-335582-30rws724 50 13 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 50 14 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 50 15 state state NN cord-335582-30rws724 50 16 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 50 17 alarm alarm NN cord-335582-30rws724 50 18 1 1 CD cord-335582-30rws724 50 19 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 50 20 14 14 CD cord-335582-30rws724 50 21 March March NNP cord-335582-30rws724 50 22 2020 2020 CD cord-335582-30rws724 50 23 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 50 24 has have VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 50 25 had have VBN cord-335582-30rws724 50 26 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 50 27 enormous enormous JJ cord-335582-30rws724 50 28 impact impact NN cord-335582-30rws724 50 29 at at IN cord-335582-30rws724 50 30 both both CC cord-335582-30rws724 50 31 societal societal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 50 32 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 50 33 educational educational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 50 34 levels level NNS cord-335582-30rws724 50 35 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 51 1 Schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 51 2 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 51 3 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 51 4 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 51 5 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 51 6 rapidly rapidly RB cord-335582-30rws724 51 7 adjust adjust VB cord-335582-30rws724 51 8 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 51 9 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 51 10 new new JJ cord-335582-30rws724 51 11 teaching teaching NN cord-335582-30rws724 51 12 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 51 13 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 51 14 scenario scenario NN cord-335582-30rws724 51 15 without without IN cord-335582-30rws724 51 16 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 51 17 benefit benefit NN cord-335582-30rws724 51 18 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 51 19 previous previous JJ cord-335582-30rws724 51 20 planning planning NN cord-335582-30rws724 51 21 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 51 22 guidelines guideline NNS cord-335582-30rws724 51 23 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 51 24 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 51 25 Spanish Spanish NNP cord-335582-30rws724 51 26 Ministry Ministry NNP cord-335582-30rws724 51 27 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 51 28 Education Education NNP cord-335582-30rws724 51 29 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 51 30 regional regional JJ cord-335582-30rws724 51 31 departments department NNS cord-335582-30rws724 51 32 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 51 33 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 51 34 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 52 1 In in IN cord-335582-30rws724 52 2 this this DT cord-335582-30rws724 52 3 context context NN cord-335582-30rws724 52 4 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 52 5 some some DT cord-335582-30rws724 52 6 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 52 7 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 52 8 better well RBR cord-335582-30rws724 52 9 able able JJ cord-335582-30rws724 52 10 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 52 11 adapt adapt VB cord-335582-30rws724 52 12 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 52 13 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 52 14 new new JJ cord-335582-30rws724 52 15 circumstances circumstance NNS cord-335582-30rws724 52 16 than than IN cord-335582-30rws724 52 17 others other NNS cord-335582-30rws724 52 18 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 53 1 Likewise likewise RB cord-335582-30rws724 53 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 53 3 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 53 4 structure structure NN cord-335582-30rws724 53 5 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 53 6 size size NN cord-335582-30rws724 53 7 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 53 8 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 53 9 ' ' POS cord-335582-30rws724 53 10 economic economic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 53 11 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 53 12 social social JJ cord-335582-30rws724 53 13 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 53 14 cultural cultural JJ cord-335582-30rws724 53 15 capital capital NN cord-335582-30rws724 53 16 2 2 CD cord-335582-30rws724 53 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 53 18 resources resource NNS cord-335582-30rws724 53 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 53 20 produced produce VBD cord-335582-30rws724 53 21 significant significant JJ cord-335582-30rws724 53 22 differences difference NNS cord-335582-30rws724 53 23 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 53 24 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 53 25 learning learn VBG cord-335582-30rws724 53 26 opportunities opportunity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 53 27 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 53 28 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 53 29 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 53 30 different different JJ cord-335582-30rws724 53 31 socioeconomic socioeconomic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 53 32 backgrounds background NNS cord-335582-30rws724 53 33 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 54 1 While while IN cord-335582-30rws724 54 2 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 54 3 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-335582-30rws724 54 4 pandemic pandemic NN cord-335582-30rws724 54 5 has have VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 54 6 no no DT cord-335582-30rws724 54 7 precedent precedent NN cord-335582-30rws724 54 8 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 54 9 terms term NNS cord-335582-30rws724 54 10 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 54 11 effects effect NNS cord-335582-30rws724 54 12 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 54 13 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 54 14 economy economy NN cord-335582-30rws724 54 15 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 54 16 social social JJ cord-335582-30rws724 54 17 life life NN cord-335582-30rws724 54 18 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 54 19 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 54 20 have have VBP cord-335582-30rws724 54 21 previously previously RB cord-335582-30rws724 54 22 experienced experience VBN cord-335582-30rws724 54 23 periods period NNS cord-335582-30rws724 54 24 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 54 25 closure closure NN cord-335582-30rws724 54 26 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 55 1 For for IN cord-335582-30rws724 55 2 example example NN cord-335582-30rws724 55 3 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 55 4 large large JJ cord-335582-30rws724 55 5 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 55 6 scale scale NN cord-335582-30rws724 55 7 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-335582-30rws724 55 8 other other JJ cord-335582-30rws724 55 9 diseases disease NNS cord-335582-30rws724 55 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 55 11 such such JJ cord-335582-30rws724 55 12 as as IN cord-335582-30rws724 55 13 Ebola Ebola NNP cord-335582-30rws724 55 14 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 55 15 influenza influenza NN cord-335582-30rws724 55 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 55 17 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 55 18 teacher teacher NN cord-335582-30rws724 55 19 strikes strike NNS cord-335582-30rws724 55 20 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 55 21 natural natural JJ cord-335582-30rws724 55 22 disasters disaster NNS cord-335582-30rws724 55 23 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 55 24 violent violent JJ cord-335582-30rws724 55 25 conflicts conflict NNS cord-335582-30rws724 55 26 have have VBP cord-335582-30rws724 55 27 already already RB cord-335582-30rws724 55 28 forced force VBN cord-335582-30rws724 55 29 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 55 30 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 55 31 stop stop VB cord-335582-30rws724 55 32 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 55 33 activity activity NN cord-335582-30rws724 55 34 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 55 35 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 55 36 past past NN cord-335582-30rws724 55 37 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 56 1 Researchers researcher NNS cord-335582-30rws724 56 2 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 56 3 international international JJ cord-335582-30rws724 56 4 organisations organisation NNS cord-335582-30rws724 56 5 have have VBP cord-335582-30rws724 56 6 studied study VBN cord-335582-30rws724 56 7 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 56 8 effects effect NNS cord-335582-30rws724 56 9 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 56 10 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 56 11 closures closure NNS cord-335582-30rws724 56 12 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 56 13 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 56 14 ' ' POS cord-335582-30rws724 56 15 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 56 16 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 56 17 found find VBD cord-335582-30rws724 56 18 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 56 19 measurable measurable JJ cord-335582-30rws724 56 20 loss loss NN cord-335582-30rws724 56 21 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 56 22 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 56 23 acquisition acquisition NN cord-335582-30rws724 56 24 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 56 25 basic basic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 56 26 skills skill NNS cord-335582-30rws724 56 27 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 56 28 particularly particularly RB cord-335582-30rws724 56 29 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 56 30 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 56 31 most most RBS cord-335582-30rws724 56 32 disadvantaged disadvantaged JJ cord-335582-30rws724 56 33 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 56 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 56 35 Quinn Quinn NNP cord-335582-30rws724 56 36 et et NNP cord-335582-30rws724 56 37 al al NNP cord-335582-30rws724 56 38 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 56 39 2016 2016 CD cord-335582-30rws724 56 40 ; ; : cord-335582-30rws724 56 41 Cattaneo Cattaneo NNP cord-335582-30rws724 56 42 et et NNP cord-335582-30rws724 56 43 al al NNP cord-335582-30rws724 56 44 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 56 45 2017 2017 CD cord-335582-30rws724 56 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 56 47 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 57 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 57 2 is be VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 57 3 highly highly RB cord-335582-30rws724 57 4 likely likely JJ cord-335582-30rws724 57 5 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 57 6 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 57 7 current current JJ cord-335582-30rws724 57 8 pandemic pandemic NN cord-335582-30rws724 57 9 will will MD cord-335582-30rws724 57 10 have have VB cord-335582-30rws724 57 11 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 57 12 dramatic dramatic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 57 13 long long JJ cord-335582-30rws724 57 14 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 57 15 term term NN cord-335582-30rws724 57 16 impact impact NN cord-335582-30rws724 57 17 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 57 18 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 57 19 ' ' POS cord-335582-30rws724 57 20 competencies competency NNS cord-335582-30rws724 57 21 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 57 22 increase increase VB cord-335582-30rws724 57 23 existing exist VBG cord-335582-30rws724 57 24 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 57 25 inequalities inequality NNS cord-335582-30rws724 57 26 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 58 1 In in IN cord-335582-30rws724 58 2 this this DT cord-335582-30rws724 58 3 article article NN cord-335582-30rws724 58 4 we -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 58 5 reflect reflect VBP cord-335582-30rws724 58 6 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 58 7 how how WRB cord-335582-30rws724 58 8 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 58 9 closure closure NN cord-335582-30rws724 58 10 produces produce VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 58 11 unequal unequal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 58 12 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 58 13 opportunities opportunity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 58 14 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 58 15 terms term NNS cord-335582-30rws724 58 16 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 58 17 both both CC cord-335582-30rws724 58 18 formal formal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 58 19 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 58 20 non non JJ cord-335582-30rws724 58 21 - - JJ cord-335582-30rws724 58 22 formal formal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 58 23 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 58 24 3 3 CD cord-335582-30rws724 58 25 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 58 26 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 58 27 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 58 28 youth youth NN cord-335582-30rws724 58 29 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 58 30 different different JJ cord-335582-30rws724 58 31 socioeconomic socioeconomic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 58 32 backgrounds background NNS cord-335582-30rws724 58 33 attending attend VBG cord-335582-30rws724 58 34 different different JJ cord-335582-30rws724 58 35 types type NNS cord-335582-30rws724 58 36 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 58 37 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 58 38 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 58 39 Catalonia Catalonia NNP cord-335582-30rws724 58 40 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 59 1 During during IN cord-335582-30rws724 59 2 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 59 3 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-335582-30rws724 59 4 Catalan Catalan NNP cord-335582-30rws724 59 5 lockdown lockdown NN cord-335582-30rws724 59 6 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 59 7 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 59 8 instructional instructional JJ cord-335582-30rws724 59 9 time time NN cord-335582-30rws724 59 10 received receive VBN cord-335582-30rws724 59 11 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 59 12 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 59 13 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 59 14 different different JJ cord-335582-30rws724 59 15 social social JJ cord-335582-30rws724 59 16 backgrounds background NNS cord-335582-30rws724 59 17 has have VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 59 18 been be VBN cord-335582-30rws724 59 19 unequal unequal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 59 20 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 59 21 as as IN cord-335582-30rws724 59 22 has have VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 59 23 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 59 24 educational educational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 59 25 value value NN cord-335582-30rws724 59 26 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 59 27 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 59 28 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 59 29 developed develop VBN cord-335582-30rws724 59 30 at at IN cord-335582-30rws724 59 31 home home NN cord-335582-30rws724 59 32 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 59 33 non non JJ cord-335582-30rws724 59 34 - - JJ cord-335582-30rws724 59 35 school school JJ cord-335582-30rws724 59 36 time time NN cord-335582-30rws724 59 37 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 60 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 60 2 investigated investigate VBD cord-335582-30rws724 60 3 what what WP cord-335582-30rws724 60 4 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 60 5 opportunities opportunity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 60 6 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 60 7 available available JJ cord-335582-30rws724 60 8 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 60 9 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 60 10 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 60 11 different different JJ cord-335582-30rws724 60 12 backgrounds background NNS cord-335582-30rws724 60 13 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 60 14 administering administer VBG cord-335582-30rws724 60 15 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 60 16 online online JJ cord-335582-30rws724 60 17 survey survey NN cord-335582-30rws724 60 18 during during IN cord-335582-30rws724 60 19 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 60 20 second second JJ cord-335582-30rws724 60 21 week week NN cord-335582-30rws724 60 22 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 60 23 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 60 24 state state NN cord-335582-30rws724 60 25 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 60 26 alarm alarm NN cord-335582-30rws724 60 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 60 28 i.e. i.e. FW cord-335582-30rws724 60 29 between between IN cord-335582-30rws724 60 30 26 26 CD cord-335582-30rws724 60 31 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 60 32 30 30 CD cord-335582-30rws724 60 33 March March NNP cord-335582-30rws724 60 34 2020 2020 CD cord-335582-30rws724 60 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 60 36 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 61 1 Hypothesising hypothesise VBG cord-335582-30rws724 61 2 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 61 3 exposure exposure NN cord-335582-30rws724 61 4 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 61 5 learning learn VBG cord-335582-30rws724 61 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 61 7 both both DT cord-335582-30rws724 61 8 formal formal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 61 9 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 61 10 non non JJ cord-335582-30rws724 61 11 - - JJ cord-335582-30rws724 61 12 formal formal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 61 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 61 14 among among IN cord-335582-30rws724 61 15 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 61 16 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 61 17 lower low JJR cord-335582-30rws724 61 18 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 61 19 income income NN cord-335582-30rws724 61 20 households household NNS cord-335582-30rws724 61 21 was be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 61 22 likely likely JJ cord-335582-30rws724 61 23 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 61 24 be be VB cord-335582-30rws724 61 25 lower low JJR cord-335582-30rws724 61 26 than than IN cord-335582-30rws724 61 27 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 61 28 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 61 29 peers peer NNS cord-335582-30rws724 61 30 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 61 31 higher high JJR cord-335582-30rws724 61 32 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 61 33 income income NN cord-335582-30rws724 61 34 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 61 35 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 61 36 we -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 61 37 expected expect VBD cord-335582-30rws724 61 38 this this DT cord-335582-30rws724 61 39 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 61 40 irremediably irremediably RB cord-335582-30rws724 61 41 increase increase VB cord-335582-30rws724 61 42 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 61 43 existing exist VBG cord-335582-30rws724 61 44 learning learn VBG cord-335582-30rws724 61 45 gap gap NN cord-335582-30rws724 61 46 between between IN cord-335582-30rws724 61 47 them -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 61 48 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 62 1 Based base VBN cord-335582-30rws724 62 2 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 62 3 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 62 4 results result NNS cord-335582-30rws724 62 5 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 62 6 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 62 7 survey survey NN cord-335582-30rws724 62 8 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 62 9 this this DT cord-335582-30rws724 62 10 article article NN cord-335582-30rws724 62 11 reflects reflect VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 62 12 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 62 13 how how WRB cord-335582-30rws724 62 14 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 62 15 ' ' POS cord-335582-30rws724 62 16 social social JJ cord-335582-30rws724 62 17 background background NN cord-335582-30rws724 62 18 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 62 19 conditions condition NNS cord-335582-30rws724 62 20 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 62 21 confinement confinement NN cord-335582-30rws724 62 22 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 62 23 associated associate VBN cord-335582-30rws724 62 24 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 62 25 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 62 26 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 62 27 opportunities opportunity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 62 28 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 63 1 These these DT cord-335582-30rws724 63 2 unequal unequal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 63 3 opportunities opportunity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 63 4 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 63 5 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 63 6 turn turn NN cord-335582-30rws724 63 7 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 63 8 are be VBP cord-335582-30rws724 63 9 likely likely JJ cord-335582-30rws724 63 10 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 63 11 exacerbate exacerbate VB cord-335582-30rws724 63 12 existing exist VBG cord-335582-30rws724 63 13 inequalities inequality NNS cord-335582-30rws724 63 14 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 63 15 skills skill NNS cord-335582-30rws724 63 16 acquisition acquisition NN cord-335582-30rws724 63 17 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 63 18 academic academic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 63 19 performance performance NN cord-335582-30rws724 63 20 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 64 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 64 2 begin begin VBP cord-335582-30rws724 64 3 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 64 4 article article NN cord-335582-30rws724 64 5 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 64 6 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 64 7 review review NN cord-335582-30rws724 64 8 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 64 9 existing exist VBG cord-335582-30rws724 64 10 evidence evidence NN cord-335582-30rws724 64 11 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 64 12 learning learn VBG cord-335582-30rws724 64 13 losses loss NNS cord-335582-30rws724 64 14 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 64 15 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 64 16 unequal unequal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 64 17 impact impact NN cord-335582-30rws724 64 18 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 64 19 different different JJ cord-335582-30rws724 64 20 groups group NNS cord-335582-30rws724 64 21 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 64 22 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 64 23 due due JJ cord-335582-30rws724 64 24 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 64 25 past past JJ cord-335582-30rws724 64 26 periods period NNS cord-335582-30rws724 64 27 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 64 28 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 64 29 shutdown shutdown NN cord-335582-30rws724 64 30 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 65 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 65 2 next next JJ cord-335582-30rws724 65 3 section section NN cord-335582-30rws724 65 4 provides provide VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 65 5 information information NN cord-335582-30rws724 65 6 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 65 7 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 65 8 context context NN cord-335582-30rws724 65 9 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 65 10 which which WDT cord-335582-30rws724 65 11 we -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 65 12 conducted conduct VBD cord-335582-30rws724 65 13 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 65 14 own own JJ cord-335582-30rws724 65 15 survey survey NN cord-335582-30rws724 65 16 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 65 17 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 65 18 methodology methodology NN cord-335582-30rws724 65 19 we -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 65 20 used use VBD cord-335582-30rws724 65 21 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 65 22 analyse analyse VB cord-335582-30rws724 65 23 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 65 24 data datum NNS cord-335582-30rws724 65 25 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 66 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 66 2 then then RB cord-335582-30rws724 66 3 present present VBP cord-335582-30rws724 66 4 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 66 5 key key JJ cord-335582-30rws724 66 6 findings finding NNS cord-335582-30rws724 66 7 regarding regard VBG cord-335582-30rws724 66 8 inequalities inequality NNS cord-335582-30rws724 66 9 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 66 10 formal formal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 66 11 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 66 12 non non JJ cord-335582-30rws724 66 13 - - JJ cord-335582-30rws724 66 14 formal formal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 66 15 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 66 16 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 66 17 while while IN cord-335582-30rws724 66 18 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 66 19 final final JJ cord-335582-30rws724 66 20 section section NN cord-335582-30rws724 66 21 draws draw VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 66 22 conclusions conclusion NNS cord-335582-30rws724 66 23 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 66 24 discusses discuss VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 66 25 some some DT cord-335582-30rws724 66 26 policy policy NN cord-335582-30rws724 66 27 implications implication NNS cord-335582-30rws724 66 28 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 66 29 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 66 30 findings finding NNS cord-335582-30rws724 66 31 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 67 1 Although although IN cord-335582-30rws724 67 2 it -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 67 3 has have VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 67 4 only only RB cord-335582-30rws724 67 5 been be VBN cord-335582-30rws724 67 6 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 67 7 few few JJ cord-335582-30rws724 67 8 months month NNS cord-335582-30rws724 67 9 since since IN cord-335582-30rws724 67 10 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 67 11 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 67 12 many many JJ cord-335582-30rws724 67 13 countries country NNS cord-335582-30rws724 67 14 around around IN cord-335582-30rws724 67 15 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 67 16 world world NN cord-335582-30rws724 67 17 closed close VBD cord-335582-30rws724 67 18 due due IN cord-335582-30rws724 67 19 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 67 20 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 67 21 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-335582-30rws724 67 22 pandemic pandemic NN cord-335582-30rws724 67 23 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 67 24 research research NN cord-335582-30rws724 67 25 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 67 26 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 67 27 educational educational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 67 28 effects effect NNS cord-335582-30rws724 67 29 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 67 30 that that DT cord-335582-30rws724 67 31 closure closure NN cord-335582-30rws724 67 32 has have VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 67 33 already already RB cord-335582-30rws724 67 34 been be VBN cord-335582-30rws724 67 35 notably notably RB cord-335582-30rws724 67 36 rich rich JJ cord-335582-30rws724 67 37 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 68 1 Obviously obviously RB cord-335582-30rws724 68 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 68 3 most most JJS cord-335582-30rws724 68 4 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 68 5 these these DT cord-335582-30rws724 68 6 studies study NNS cord-335582-30rws724 68 7 have have VBP cord-335582-30rws724 68 8 measured measure VBN cord-335582-30rws724 68 9 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 68 10 short short JJ cord-335582-30rws724 68 11 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 68 12 term term NN cord-335582-30rws724 68 13 effects effect NNS cord-335582-30rws724 68 14 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 68 15 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 68 16 lockdown lockdown NN cord-335582-30rws724 68 17 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 69 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 69 2 is be VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 69 3 certainly certainly RB cord-335582-30rws724 69 4 too too RB cord-335582-30rws724 69 5 early early JJ cord-335582-30rws724 69 6 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 69 7 know know VB cord-335582-30rws724 69 8 whether whether IN cord-335582-30rws724 69 9 these these DT cord-335582-30rws724 69 10 effects effect NNS cord-335582-30rws724 69 11 can can MD cord-335582-30rws724 69 12 be be VB cord-335582-30rws724 69 13 considered consider VBN cord-335582-30rws724 69 14 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 69 15 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 69 16 loss loss NN cord-335582-30rws724 69 17 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 69 18 just just RB cord-335582-30rws724 69 19 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 69 20 temporary temporary JJ cord-335582-30rws724 69 21 effect effect NN cord-335582-30rws724 69 22 as as IN cord-335582-30rws724 69 23 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 69 24 result result NN cord-335582-30rws724 69 25 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 69 26 disuse disuse NN cord-335582-30rws724 69 27 that that WDT cord-335582-30rws724 69 28 can can MD cord-335582-30rws724 69 29 be be VB cord-335582-30rws724 69 30 easily easily RB cord-335582-30rws724 69 31 regained regain VBN cord-335582-30rws724 69 32 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 69 33 practice practice NN cord-335582-30rws724 69 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 69 35 Coe Coe NNP cord-335582-30rws724 69 36 et et NNP cord-335582-30rws724 69 37 al al NNP cord-335582-30rws724 69 38 . . NNP cord-335582-30rws724 69 39 2020 2020 CD cord-335582-30rws724 69 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 69 41 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 70 1 Beyond beyond IN cord-335582-30rws724 70 2 this this DT cord-335582-30rws724 70 3 recent recent JJ cord-335582-30rws724 70 4 evidence evidence NN cord-335582-30rws724 70 5 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 70 6 several several JJ cord-335582-30rws724 70 7 previous previous JJ cord-335582-30rws724 70 8 studies study NNS cord-335582-30rws724 70 9 based base VBN cord-335582-30rws724 70 10 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 70 11 student student NN cord-335582-30rws724 70 12 absenteeeism absenteeeism NN cord-335582-30rws724 70 13 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 70 14 past past JJ cord-335582-30rws724 70 15 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 70 16 closures closure NNS cord-335582-30rws724 70 17 have have VBP cord-335582-30rws724 70 18 focused focus VBN cord-335582-30rws724 70 19 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 70 20 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 70 21 impacts impact NNS cord-335582-30rws724 70 22 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 70 23 being be VBG cord-335582-30rws724 70 24 out out IN cord-335582-30rws724 70 25 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 70 26 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 70 27 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 70 28 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 70 29 outcomes outcome NNS cord-335582-30rws724 70 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 70 31 Abadzi Abadzi NNP cord-335582-30rws724 70 32 2009 2009 CD cord-335582-30rws724 70 33 ; ; : cord-335582-30rws724 70 34 EEF EEF NNP cord-335582-30rws724 70 35 2018 2018 CD cord-335582-30rws724 70 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 70 37 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 71 1 These these DT cord-335582-30rws724 71 2 research research NN cord-335582-30rws724 71 3 studies study NNS cord-335582-30rws724 71 4 can can MD cord-335582-30rws724 71 5 help help VB cord-335582-30rws724 71 6 us -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 71 7 understand understand VB cord-335582-30rws724 71 8 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 71 9 potential potential JJ cord-335582-30rws724 71 10 effects effect NNS cord-335582-30rws724 71 11 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 71 12 current current JJ cord-335582-30rws724 71 13 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 71 14 closures closure NNS cord-335582-30rws724 71 15 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 71 16 learning learn VBG cord-335582-30rws724 71 17 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 71 18 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 71 19 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-335582-30rws724 71 20 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 71 21 which which WDT cord-335582-30rws724 71 22 educational educational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 71 23 inequalities inequality NNS cord-335582-30rws724 71 24 occur occur VBP cord-335582-30rws724 71 25 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 72 1 Some some DT cord-335582-30rws724 72 2 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 72 3 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 72 4 reasons reason NNS cord-335582-30rws724 72 5 causing cause VBG cord-335582-30rws724 72 6 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 72 7 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 72 8 reduce reduce VB cord-335582-30rws724 72 9 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 72 10 even even RB cord-335582-30rws724 72 11 stop stop VB cord-335582-30rws724 72 12 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 72 13 activity activity NN cord-335582-30rws724 72 14 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 72 15 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 72 16 past past JJ cord-335582-30rws724 72 17 range range NN cord-335582-30rws724 72 18 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 72 19 summer summer NN cord-335582-30rws724 72 20 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 72 21 holidays holiday NNS cord-335582-30rws724 72 22 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 72 23 student student NN cord-335582-30rws724 72 24 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 72 25 teacher teacher NN cord-335582-30rws724 72 26 absenteeism absenteeism NN cord-335582-30rws724 72 27 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 72 28 teacher teacher NN cord-335582-30rws724 72 29 strikes strike VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 72 30 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 72 31 violent violent JJ cord-335582-30rws724 72 32 conflicts conflict NNS cord-335582-30rws724 72 33 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 73 1 Extant extant JJ cord-335582-30rws724 73 2 research research NN cord-335582-30rws724 73 3 evidence evidence NN cord-335582-30rws724 73 4 based base VBN cord-335582-30rws724 73 5 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 73 6 these these DT cord-335582-30rws724 73 7 experiences experience NNS cord-335582-30rws724 73 8 identifies identify VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 73 9 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 73 10 existence existence NN cord-335582-30rws724 73 11 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 73 12 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 73 13 general general JJ cord-335582-30rws724 73 14 loss loss NN cord-335582-30rws724 73 15 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 73 16 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 73 17 connected connect VBN cord-335582-30rws724 73 18 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 73 19 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 73 20 absence absence NN cord-335582-30rws724 73 21 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 73 22 which which WDT cord-335582-30rws724 73 23 can can MD cord-335582-30rws724 73 24 be be VB cord-335582-30rws724 73 25 more more RBR cord-335582-30rws724 73 26 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 73 27 less less RBR cord-335582-30rws724 73 28 severe severe JJ cord-335582-30rws724 73 29 depending depending NN cord-335582-30rws724 73 30 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 73 31 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 73 32 ' ' POS cord-335582-30rws724 73 33 previous previous JJ cord-335582-30rws724 73 34 performance performance NN cord-335582-30rws724 73 35 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 73 36 family family NN cord-335582-30rws724 73 37 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-335582-30rws724 73 38 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 73 39 age age NN cord-335582-30rws724 73 40 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 73 41 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 73 42 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 73 43 pathway pathway NN cord-335582-30rws724 73 44 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 73 45 among among IN cord-335582-30rws724 73 46 other other JJ cord-335582-30rws724 73 47 factors factor NNS cord-335582-30rws724 73 48 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 74 1 School school NN cord-335582-30rws724 74 2 closure closure NN cord-335582-30rws724 74 3 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 74 4 even even RB cord-335582-30rws724 74 5 when when WRB cord-335582-30rws724 74 6 distance distance NN cord-335582-30rws724 74 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 74 8 remote remote JJ cord-335582-30rws724 74 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 74 10 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 74 11 is be VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 74 12 offered offer VBN cord-335582-30rws724 74 13 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 74 14 usually usually RB cord-335582-30rws724 74 15 implies imply VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 74 16 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 74 17 reduction reduction NN cord-335582-30rws724 74 18 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 74 19 instructional instructional JJ cord-335582-30rws724 74 20 time time NN cord-335582-30rws724 74 21 4 4 CD cord-335582-30rws724 74 22 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 74 23 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 74 24 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 74 25 consequence consequence NN cord-335582-30rws724 74 26 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 74 27 also also RB cord-335582-30rws724 74 28 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 74 29 decline decline NN cord-335582-30rws724 74 30 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 74 31 learning learn VBG cord-335582-30rws724 74 32 time time NN cord-335582-30rws724 74 33 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 75 1 5 5 LS cord-335582-30rws724 76 1 Past past JJ cord-335582-30rws724 76 2 studies study NNS cord-335582-30rws724 76 3 have have VBP cord-335582-30rws724 76 4 consistently consistently RB cord-335582-30rws724 76 5 identified identify VBN cord-335582-30rws724 76 6 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 76 7 positive positive JJ cord-335582-30rws724 76 8 relationship relationship NN cord-335582-30rws724 76 9 between between IN cord-335582-30rws724 76 10 learning learn VBG cord-335582-30rws724 76 11 time time NN cord-335582-30rws724 76 12 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 76 13 student student NN cord-335582-30rws724 76 14 achievement achievement NN cord-335582-30rws724 76 15 -along -along : cord-335582-30rws724 76 16 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 76 17 other other JJ cord-335582-30rws724 76 18 educational educational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 76 19 outcomes outcome NNS cord-335582-30rws724 76 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 76 21 Abadzi Abadzi NNP cord-335582-30rws724 76 22 2009 2009 CD cord-335582-30rws724 76 23 ; ; : cord-335582-30rws724 76 24 Hanushek Hanushek NNP cord-335582-30rws724 76 25 2015 2015 CD cord-335582-30rws724 76 26 ; ; : cord-335582-30rws724 76 27 Scheerens Scheerens NNP cord-335582-30rws724 76 28 2014 2014 CD cord-335582-30rws724 76 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 76 30 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 77 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-335582-30rws724 77 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 77 3 some some DT cord-335582-30rws724 77 4 studies study NNS cord-335582-30rws724 77 5 have have VBP cord-335582-30rws724 77 6 used use VBN cord-335582-30rws724 77 7 instructional instructional JJ cord-335582-30rws724 77 8 time time NN cord-335582-30rws724 77 9 as as IN cord-335582-30rws724 77 10 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 77 11 proxy proxy NN cord-335582-30rws724 77 12 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 77 13 " " `` cord-335582-30rws724 77 14 opportunities opportunity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 77 15 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 77 16 learn learn VB cord-335582-30rws724 77 17 " " '' cord-335582-30rws724 77 18 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 78 1 Variables variable NNS cord-335582-30rws724 78 2 that that WDT cord-335582-30rws724 78 3 measure measure VBP cord-335582-30rws724 78 4 exposure exposure NN cord-335582-30rws724 78 5 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 78 6 curriculum curriculum NN cord-335582-30rws724 78 7 seem seem VB cord-335582-30rws724 78 8 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 78 9 show show VB cord-335582-30rws724 78 10 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 78 11 greater great JJR cord-335582-30rws724 78 12 effect effect NN cord-335582-30rws724 78 13 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 78 14 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 78 15 than than IN cord-335582-30rws724 78 16 variables variable NNS cord-335582-30rws724 78 17 related relate VBN cord-335582-30rws724 78 18 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 78 19 teacher teacher NN cord-335582-30rws724 78 20 behaviour behaviour NN cord-335582-30rws724 78 21 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 78 22 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 78 23 climate climate NN cord-335582-30rws724 78 24 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 79 1 Students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 79 2 ' ' POS cord-335582-30rws724 79 3 prolonged prolong VBN cord-335582-30rws724 79 4 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 79 5 repeated repeat VBN cord-335582-30rws724 79 6 exposure exposure NN cord-335582-30rws724 79 7 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 79 8 stimuli stimulus NNS cord-335582-30rws724 79 9 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 79 10 feedback feedback NN cord-335582-30rws724 79 11 has have VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 79 12 been be VBN cord-335582-30rws724 79 13 identified identify VBN cord-335582-30rws724 79 14 as as IN cord-335582-30rws724 79 15 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 79 16 key key JJ cord-335582-30rws724 79 17 educational educational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 79 18 resource resource NN cord-335582-30rws724 79 19 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 80 1 Even even RB cord-335582-30rws724 80 2 though though IN cord-335582-30rws724 80 3 evidence evidence NN cord-335582-30rws724 80 4 is be VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 80 5 not not RB cord-335582-30rws724 80 6 always always RB cord-335582-30rws724 80 7 conclusive conclusive JJ cord-335582-30rws724 81 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 81 2 Cattaneo Cattaneo NNP cord-335582-30rws724 81 3 et et NNP cord-335582-30rws724 81 4 al al NNP cord-335582-30rws724 81 5 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 81 6 2017 2017 CD cord-335582-30rws724 81 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 82 1 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 82 2 most most JJS cord-335582-30rws724 82 3 research research NN cord-335582-30rws724 82 4 suggests suggest VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 82 5 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 82 6 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 82 7 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 82 8 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 82 9 migrant migrant JJ cord-335582-30rws724 82 10 background background NN cord-335582-30rws724 82 11 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 82 12 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 82 13 those those DT cord-335582-30rws724 82 14 who who WP cord-335582-30rws724 82 15 are be VBP cord-335582-30rws724 82 16 socioeconomically socioeconomically RB cord-335582-30rws724 82 17 disadvantaged disadvantaged JJ cord-335582-30rws724 82 18 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 82 19 will will MD cord-335582-30rws724 82 20 be be VB cord-335582-30rws724 82 21 slower slow JJR cord-335582-30rws724 82 22 learners learner NNS cord-335582-30rws724 82 23 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 83 1 Thus thus RB cord-335582-30rws724 83 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 83 3 these these DT cord-335582-30rws724 83 4 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 83 5 are be VBP cord-335582-30rws724 83 6 likely likely JJ cord-335582-30rws724 83 7 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 83 8 benefit benefit VB cord-335582-30rws724 83 9 more more JJR cord-335582-30rws724 83 10 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 83 11 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 83 12 increase increase NN cord-335582-30rws724 83 13 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 83 14 learning learn VBG cord-335582-30rws724 83 15 time time NN cord-335582-30rws724 83 16 than than IN cord-335582-30rws724 83 17 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 83 18 peers peer NNS cord-335582-30rws724 83 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 83 20 Dahmann dahmann NN cord-335582-30rws724 83 21 2015 2015 CD cord-335582-30rws724 83 22 ; ; : cord-335582-30rws724 83 23 Gromada Gromada NNP cord-335582-30rws724 83 24 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 83 25 Shewbridge Shewbridge NNP cord-335582-30rws724 83 26 2016 2016 CD cord-335582-30rws724 83 27 ; ; : cord-335582-30rws724 83 28 Huebener Huebener NNP cord-335582-30rws724 83 29 et et NNP cord-335582-30rws724 83 30 al al NNP cord-335582-30rws724 83 31 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 83 32 2017 2017 CD cord-335582-30rws724 83 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 83 34 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 84 1 Consequently consequently RB cord-335582-30rws724 84 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 84 3 not not RB cord-335582-30rws724 84 4 going go VBG cord-335582-30rws724 84 5 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 84 6 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 84 7 reduces reduce NNS cord-335582-30rws724 84 8 learning learn VBG cord-335582-30rws724 84 9 opportunities opportunity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 84 10 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 84 11 all all DT cord-335582-30rws724 84 12 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 84 13 but but CC cord-335582-30rws724 84 14 particularly particularly RB cord-335582-30rws724 84 15 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 84 16 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 84 17 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 84 18 low low JJ cord-335582-30rws724 84 19 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 84 20 income income NN cord-335582-30rws724 84 21 backgrounds background NNS cord-335582-30rws724 84 22 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 84 23 less less RBR cord-335582-30rws724 84 24 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 84 25 skilled skilled JJ cord-335582-30rws724 84 26 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 84 27 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 85 1 Student student NN cord-335582-30rws724 85 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 85 3 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 85 4 teacher teacher NN cord-335582-30rws724 85 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 85 6 absenteeism absenteeism NN cord-335582-30rws724 85 7 can can MD cord-335582-30rws724 85 8 also also RB cord-335582-30rws724 85 9 be be VB cord-335582-30rws724 85 10 understood understand VBN cord-335582-30rws724 85 11 as as IN cord-335582-30rws724 85 12 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 85 13 lack lack NN cord-335582-30rws724 85 14 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 85 15 instructional instructional JJ cord-335582-30rws724 85 16 time time NN cord-335582-30rws724 85 17 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 86 1 Student student NN cord-335582-30rws724 86 2 absenteeism absenteeism NN cord-335582-30rws724 86 3 results result NNS cord-335582-30rws724 86 4 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 86 5 poorer poor JJR cord-335582-30rws724 86 6 academic academic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 86 7 achievement achievement NN cord-335582-30rws724 86 8 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 86 9 gaps gap NNS cord-335582-30rws724 86 10 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 86 11 skills skill NNS cord-335582-30rws724 86 12 development development NN cord-335582-30rws724 86 13 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 86 14 abilities ability NNS cord-335582-30rws724 86 15 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 86 16 behaviours behaviour NNS cord-335582-30rws724 86 17 necessary necessary JJ cord-335582-30rws724 86 18 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 86 19 educational educational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 86 20 success success NN cord-335582-30rws724 86 21 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 86 22 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 86 23 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 86 24 increased increase VBN cord-335582-30rws724 86 25 likelihood likelihood NN cord-335582-30rws724 86 26 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 86 27 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 86 28 dropout dropout NN cord-335582-30rws724 86 29 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 87 1 Effects effect NNS cord-335582-30rws724 87 2 go go VBP cord-335582-30rws724 87 3 beyond beyond IN cord-335582-30rws724 87 4 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 87 5 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 87 6 environment environment NN cord-335582-30rws724 87 7 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 87 8 absence absence NN cord-335582-30rws724 87 9 has have VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 87 10 also also RB cord-335582-30rws724 87 11 been be VBN cord-335582-30rws724 87 12 connected connect VBN cord-335582-30rws724 87 13 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 87 14 risky risky JJ cord-335582-30rws724 87 15 behaviours behaviour NNS cord-335582-30rws724 87 16 such such JJ cord-335582-30rws724 87 17 as as IN cord-335582-30rws724 87 18 smoking smoking NN cord-335582-30rws724 87 19 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 87 20 juvenile juvenile JJ cord-335582-30rws724 87 21 delinquency delinquency NN cord-335582-30rws724 87 22 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 87 23 alcoholism alcoholism NN cord-335582-30rws724 87 24 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 87 25 drug drug NN cord-335582-30rws724 87 26 use use NN cord-335582-30rws724 87 27 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 87 28 risky risky JJ cord-335582-30rws724 87 29 sexual sexual JJ cord-335582-30rws724 87 30 behaviours behaviour NNS cord-335582-30rws724 87 31 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 87 32 unwanted unwanted JJ cord-335582-30rws724 87 33 pregnancies pregnancy NNS cord-335582-30rws724 87 34 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 87 35 as as RB cord-335582-30rws724 87 36 well well RB cord-335582-30rws724 87 37 as as IN cord-335582-30rws724 87 38 other other JJ cord-335582-30rws724 87 39 effects effect NNS cord-335582-30rws724 87 40 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 87 41 adulthood adulthood NN cord-335582-30rws724 87 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 87 43 e.g. e.g. RB cord-335582-30rws724 87 44 unemployment unemployment NN cord-335582-30rws724 87 45 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 87 46 alcoholism alcoholism NN cord-335582-30rws724 87 47 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 87 48 which which WDT cord-335582-30rws724 87 49 diminish diminish VBP cord-335582-30rws724 87 50 life life NN cord-335582-30rws724 87 51 opportunities opportunity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 87 52 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 87 53 young young JJ cord-335582-30rws724 87 54 absentees absentee NNS cord-335582-30rws724 87 55 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 87 56 Abadzi Abadzi NNP cord-335582-30rws724 87 57 2009 2009 CD cord-335582-30rws724 87 58 ; ; : cord-335582-30rws724 87 59 Coe Coe NNP cord-335582-30rws724 87 60 et et NNP cord-335582-30rws724 87 61 al al NNP cord-335582-30rws724 87 62 . . NNP cord-335582-30rws724 87 63 2020 2020 CD cord-335582-30rws724 87 64 ; ; : cord-335582-30rws724 87 65 González González NNP cord-335582-30rws724 87 66 Motos Motos NNP cord-335582-30rws724 87 67 2020 2020 CD cord-335582-30rws724 87 68 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 87 69 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 88 1 In in IN cord-335582-30rws724 88 2 Spain Spain NNP cord-335582-30rws724 88 3 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 88 4 as as IN cord-335582-30rws724 88 5 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 88 6 other other JJ cord-335582-30rws724 88 7 European european JJ cord-335582-30rws724 88 8 countries country NNS cord-335582-30rws724 88 9 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 88 10 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 88 11 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 88 12 lockdown lockdown NN cord-335582-30rws724 88 13 between between IN cord-335582-30rws724 88 14 March March NNP cord-335582-30rws724 88 15 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 88 16 June June NNP cord-335582-30rws724 88 17 2020 2020 CD cord-335582-30rws724 88 18 seamlessly seamlessly RB cord-335582-30rws724 88 19 merged merge VBN cord-335582-30rws724 88 20 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 88 21 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 88 22 beginning beginning NN cord-335582-30rws724 88 23 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 88 24 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 88 25 summer summer NN cord-335582-30rws724 88 26 holidays holiday NNS cord-335582-30rws724 88 27 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 88 28 resulting result VBG cord-335582-30rws724 88 29 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 88 30 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 88 31 ' ' POS cord-335582-30rws724 88 32 absence absence NN cord-335582-30rws724 88 33 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 88 34 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 88 35 lasting last VBG cord-335582-30rws724 88 36 six six CD cord-335582-30rws724 88 37 months month NNS cord-335582-30rws724 88 38 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 89 1 Past past JJ cord-335582-30rws724 89 2 studies study NNS cord-335582-30rws724 89 3 comparing compare VBG cord-335582-30rws724 89 4 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 89 5 ' ' POS cord-335582-30rws724 89 6 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 89 7 progress progress NN cord-335582-30rws724 89 8 during during IN cord-335582-30rws724 89 9 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 89 10 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 89 11 year year NN cord-335582-30rws724 89 12 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 89 13 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 89 14 summer summer NN cord-335582-30rws724 89 15 break break NN cord-335582-30rws724 89 16 have have VBP cord-335582-30rws724 89 17 consistently consistently RB cord-335582-30rws724 89 18 shown show VBN cord-335582-30rws724 89 19 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 89 20 achievement achievement NN cord-335582-30rws724 89 21 tends tend VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 89 22 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 89 23 slow slow VB cord-335582-30rws724 89 24 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 89 25 decline decline VB cord-335582-30rws724 89 26 over over IN cord-335582-30rws724 89 27 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 89 28 summer summer NN cord-335582-30rws724 89 29 holidays holiday NNS cord-335582-30rws724 89 30 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 90 1 Although although IN cord-335582-30rws724 90 2 there there EX cord-335582-30rws724 90 3 is be VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 90 4 no no DT cord-335582-30rws724 90 5 agreement agreement NN cord-335582-30rws724 90 6 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 90 7 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 90 8 magnitude magnitude NN cord-335582-30rws724 90 9 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 90 10 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 90 11 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 90 12 loss loss NN cord-335582-30rws724 90 13 during during IN cord-335582-30rws724 90 14 holidays holiday NNS cord-335582-30rws724 90 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 90 16 von von NNP cord-335582-30rws724 90 17 Hippel Hippel NNP cord-335582-30rws724 90 18 2019 2019 CD cord-335582-30rws724 90 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 90 20 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 90 21 it -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 90 22 is be VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 90 23 clear clear JJ cord-335582-30rws724 90 24 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 90 25 it -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 90 26 is be VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 90 27 steeper steep JJR cord-335582-30rws724 90 28 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 90 29 mathematics mathematic NNS cord-335582-30rws724 90 30 than than IN cord-335582-30rws724 90 31 reading read VBG cord-335582-30rws724 90 32 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 90 33 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 90 34 it -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 90 35 is be VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 90 36 especially especially RB cord-335582-30rws724 90 37 acute acute JJ cord-335582-30rws724 90 38 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 90 39 upper upper JJ cord-335582-30rws724 90 40 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 90 41 grade grade NN cord-335582-30rws724 90 42 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 90 43 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 91 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-335582-30rws724 91 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 91 3 research research NN cord-335582-30rws724 91 4 points point VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 91 5 out out RP cord-335582-30rws724 91 6 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 91 7 this this DT cord-335582-30rws724 91 8 loss loss NN cord-335582-30rws724 91 9 does do VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 91 10 not not RB cord-335582-30rws724 91 11 affect affect VB cord-335582-30rws724 91 12 all all DT cord-335582-30rws724 91 13 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 91 14 equally equally RB cord-335582-30rws724 91 15 ; ; : cord-335582-30rws724 91 16 during during IN cord-335582-30rws724 91 17 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 91 18 summer summer NN cord-335582-30rws724 91 19 period period NN cord-335582-30rws724 91 20 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 91 21 educational educational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 91 22 inequalities inequality NNS cord-335582-30rws724 91 23 between between IN cord-335582-30rws724 91 24 socially socially RB cord-335582-30rws724 91 25 advantaged advantaged JJ cord-335582-30rws724 91 26 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 91 27 disadvantaged disadvantaged JJ cord-335582-30rws724 91 28 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 91 29 increase increase VB cord-335582-30rws724 91 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 91 31 Alegre Alegre NNP cord-335582-30rws724 91 32 2016 2016 CD cord-335582-30rws724 91 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 91 34 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 92 1 Beyond beyond IN cord-335582-30rws724 92 2 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 92 3 evidence evidence NN cord-335582-30rws724 92 4 related relate VBN cord-335582-30rws724 92 5 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 92 6 breaks break NNS cord-335582-30rws724 92 7 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 92 8 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 92 9 ordinary ordinary JJ cord-335582-30rws724 92 10 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 92 11 year year NN cord-335582-30rws724 92 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 92 13 e.g. e.g. JJ cord-335582-30rws724 92 14 absenteeism absenteeism NN cord-335582-30rws724 92 15 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 92 16 summer summer NN cord-335582-30rws724 92 17 break break NN cord-335582-30rws724 92 18 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 92 19 instructional instructional JJ cord-335582-30rws724 92 20 time time NN cord-335582-30rws724 92 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 92 22 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 92 23 other other JJ cord-335582-30rws724 92 24 research research NN cord-335582-30rws724 92 25 studies study NNS cord-335582-30rws724 92 26 have have VBP cord-335582-30rws724 92 27 analysed analyse VBN cord-335582-30rws724 92 28 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 92 29 effects effect NNS cord-335582-30rws724 92 30 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 92 31 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 92 32 ' ' POS cord-335582-30rws724 92 33 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 92 34 caused cause VBN cord-335582-30rws724 92 35 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 92 36 external external JJ cord-335582-30rws724 92 37 factors factor NNS cord-335582-30rws724 92 38 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 93 1 For for IN cord-335582-30rws724 93 2 example example NN cord-335582-30rws724 93 3 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 93 4 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 93 5 literature literature NN cord-335582-30rws724 93 6 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 93 7 weather weather NN cord-335582-30rws724 93 8 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 93 9 related relate VBN cord-335582-30rws724 93 10 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 93 11 closures closure NNS cord-335582-30rws724 93 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 93 13 e.g. e.g. RB cord-335582-30rws724 93 14 as as IN cord-335582-30rws724 93 15 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 93 16 result result NN cord-335582-30rws724 93 17 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 93 18 heavy heavy JJ cord-335582-30rws724 93 19 snowfall snowfall NN cord-335582-30rws724 93 20 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 93 21 hurricanes hurricane NNS cord-335582-30rws724 93 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 93 23 also also RB cord-335582-30rws724 93 24 contributes contribute VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 93 25 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 93 26 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 93 27 better well JJR cord-335582-30rws724 93 28 understanding understanding NN cord-335582-30rws724 93 29 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 93 30 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 93 31 potential potential JJ cord-335582-30rws724 93 32 unexpected unexpected JJ cord-335582-30rws724 93 33 consequences consequence NNS cord-335582-30rws724 93 34 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 93 35 disruptive disruptive JJ cord-335582-30rws724 93 36 closures closure NNS cord-335582-30rws724 93 37 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 94 1 Most Most JJS cord-335582-30rws724 94 2 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 94 3 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 94 4 evidence evidence NN cord-335582-30rws724 94 5 is be VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 94 6 based base VBN cord-335582-30rws724 94 7 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 94 8 small small JJ cord-335582-30rws724 94 9 samples sample NNS cord-335582-30rws724 94 10 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 94 11 is be VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 94 12 geographically geographically RB cord-335582-30rws724 94 13 specific specific JJ cord-335582-30rws724 94 14 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 94 15 refers refer VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 94 16 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 94 17 short short JJ cord-335582-30rws724 94 18 break break NN cord-335582-30rws724 94 19 periods period NNS cord-335582-30rws724 94 20 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 95 1 However however RB cord-335582-30rws724 95 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 95 3 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 95 4 all all DT cord-335582-30rws724 95 5 cases case NNS cord-335582-30rws724 95 6 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 95 7 studies study NNS cord-335582-30rws724 95 8 have have VBP cord-335582-30rws724 95 9 found find VBN cord-335582-30rws724 95 10 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 95 11 clear clear JJ cord-335582-30rws724 95 12 effect effect NN cord-335582-30rws724 95 13 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 95 14 each each DT cord-335582-30rws724 95 15 day day NN cord-335582-30rws724 95 16 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 95 17 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 95 18 cancellation cancellation NN cord-335582-30rws724 95 19 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 95 20 achievement achievement NN cord-335582-30rws724 95 21 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 95 22 especially especially RB cord-335582-30rws724 95 23 among among IN cord-335582-30rws724 95 24 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 95 25 attending attend VBG cord-335582-30rws724 95 26 less less RBR cord-335582-30rws724 95 27 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 95 28 resourced resource VBN cord-335582-30rws724 95 29 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 95 30 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 95 31 coming come VBG cord-335582-30rws724 95 32 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 95 33 low low JJ cord-335582-30rws724 95 34 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 95 35 income income NN cord-335582-30rws724 95 36 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 95 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 95 38 Goodman Goodman NNP cord-335582-30rws724 95 39 2014 2014 CD cord-335582-30rws724 95 40 ; ; : cord-335582-30rws724 95 41 Marcotte Marcotte NNP cord-335582-30rws724 95 42 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 95 43 Hemelt Hemelt NNP cord-335582-30rws724 95 44 2008 2008 CD cord-335582-30rws724 95 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 95 46 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 96 1 Teacher teacher NN cord-335582-30rws724 96 2 strikes strike NNS cord-335582-30rws724 96 3 have have VBP cord-335582-30rws724 96 4 also also RB cord-335582-30rws724 96 5 forced force VBN cord-335582-30rws724 96 6 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 96 7 sudden sudden JJ cord-335582-30rws724 96 8 cancellation cancellation NN cord-335582-30rws724 96 9 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 96 10 classes class NNS cord-335582-30rws724 96 11 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 97 1 Strikes strike NNS cord-335582-30rws724 97 2 affect affect VBP cord-335582-30rws724 97 3 student student NN cord-335582-30rws724 97 4 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 97 5 outcomes outcome NNS cord-335582-30rws724 97 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 97 7 mainly mainly RB cord-335582-30rws724 97 8 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 97 9 terms term NNS cord-335582-30rws724 97 10 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 97 11 achievement achievement NN cord-335582-30rws724 97 12 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 97 13 grade grade NN cord-335582-30rws724 97 14 repetition repetition NN cord-335582-30rws724 97 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 97 16 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 97 17 reducing reduce VBG cord-335582-30rws724 97 18 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 97 19 time time NN cord-335582-30rws724 97 20 that that WDT cord-335582-30rws724 97 21 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 97 22 attend attend VBP cord-335582-30rws724 97 23 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 97 24 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 97 25 but but CC cord-335582-30rws724 97 26 they -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 97 27 also also RB cord-335582-30rws724 97 28 affect affect VBP cord-335582-30rws724 97 29 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 97 30 quality quality NN cord-335582-30rws724 97 31 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 97 32 schooling schooling NN cord-335582-30rws724 97 33 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 97 34 increase increase VB cord-335582-30rws724 97 35 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 97 36 likelihood likelihood NN cord-335582-30rws724 97 37 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 97 38 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 97 39 may may MD cord-335582-30rws724 97 40 engage engage VB cord-335582-30rws724 97 41 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 97 42 risky risky JJ cord-335582-30rws724 97 43 behaviour behaviour NN cord-335582-30rws724 97 44 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 97 45 Jaume Jaume NNP cord-335582-30rws724 97 46 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 97 47 Willén Willén NNP cord-335582-30rws724 97 48 2019 2019 CD cord-335582-30rws724 97 49 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 97 50 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 98 1 In in IN cord-335582-30rws724 98 2 addition addition NN cord-335582-30rws724 98 3 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 98 4 research research NN cord-335582-30rws724 98 5 has have VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 98 6 found find VBN cord-335582-30rws724 98 7 heterogeneous heterogeneous JJ cord-335582-30rws724 98 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 98 9 uneven uneven JJ cord-335582-30rws724 98 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 98 11 effects effect NNS cord-335582-30rws724 98 12 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 98 13 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 98 14 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 98 15 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 98 16 vulnerable vulnerable JJ cord-335582-30rws724 98 17 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 98 18 being be VBG cord-335582-30rws724 98 19 most most RBS cord-335582-30rws724 98 20 affected affect VBN cord-335582-30rws724 98 21 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 98 22 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 98 23 disruptions disruption NNS cord-335582-30rws724 98 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 98 25 Jaume Jaume NNP cord-335582-30rws724 98 26 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 98 27 Willén Willén NNP cord-335582-30rws724 98 28 2019 2019 CD cord-335582-30rws724 98 29 ; ; : cord-335582-30rws724 98 30 Belot Belot NNP cord-335582-30rws724 98 31 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 98 32 Webbink Webbink NNP cord-335582-30rws724 98 33 2010 2010 CD cord-335582-30rws724 98 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 98 35 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 99 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 99 2 main main JJ cord-335582-30rws724 99 3 difference difference NN cord-335582-30rws724 99 4 between between IN cord-335582-30rws724 99 5 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 99 6 closures closure NNS cord-335582-30rws724 99 7 examined examine VBN cord-335582-30rws724 99 8 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 99 9 previous previous JJ cord-335582-30rws724 99 10 studies study NNS cord-335582-30rws724 99 11 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 99 12 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 99 13 current current JJ cord-335582-30rws724 99 14 lockdown lockdown NN cord-335582-30rws724 99 15 is be VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 99 16 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 99 17 this this DT cord-335582-30rws724 99 18 time time NN cord-335582-30rws724 99 19 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 99 20 have have VBP cord-335582-30rws724 99 21 managed manage VBN cord-335582-30rws724 99 22 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 99 23 maintain maintain VB cord-335582-30rws724 99 24 some some DT cord-335582-30rws724 99 25 contact contact NN cord-335582-30rws724 99 26 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 99 27 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 99 28 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 99 29 mostly mostly RB cord-335582-30rws724 99 30 through through IN cord-335582-30rws724 99 31 online online JJ cord-335582-30rws724 99 32 instruction instruction NN cord-335582-30rws724 99 33 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 100 1 However however RB cord-335582-30rws724 100 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 100 3 despite despite IN cord-335582-30rws724 100 4 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 100 5 efforts effort NNS cord-335582-30rws724 100 6 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 100 7 support support VB cord-335582-30rws724 100 8 remote remote JJ cord-335582-30rws724 100 9 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 100 10 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 100 11 many many JJ cord-335582-30rws724 100 12 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 100 13 have have VBP cord-335582-30rws724 100 14 not not RB cord-335582-30rws724 100 15 had have VBN cord-335582-30rws724 100 16 access access NN cord-335582-30rws724 100 17 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 100 18 it -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 100 19 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 101 1 Existing exist VBG cord-335582-30rws724 101 2 data datum NNS cord-335582-30rws724 101 3 about about IN cord-335582-30rws724 101 4 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 101 5 digital digital JJ cord-335582-30rws724 101 6 gap gap NN cord-335582-30rws724 101 7 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 101 8 surveys survey NNS cord-335582-30rws724 101 9 conducted conduct VBN cord-335582-30rws724 101 10 during during IN cord-335582-30rws724 101 11 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 101 12 lockdown lockdown NN cord-335582-30rws724 101 13 indicate indicate VBP cord-335582-30rws724 101 14 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 101 15 teachers teacher NNS cord-335582-30rws724 101 16 have have VBP cord-335582-30rws724 101 17 been be VBN cord-335582-30rws724 101 18 unable unable JJ cord-335582-30rws724 101 19 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 101 20 contact contact VB cord-335582-30rws724 101 21 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 101 22 significant significant JJ cord-335582-30rws724 101 23 number number NN cord-335582-30rws724 101 24 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 101 25 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 101 26 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 101 27 mainly mainly RB cord-335582-30rws724 101 28 because because IN cord-335582-30rws724 101 29 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 101 30 lack lack NN cord-335582-30rws724 101 31 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 101 32 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 101 33 internet internet NN cord-335582-30rws724 101 34 connection connection NN cord-335582-30rws724 101 35 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 101 36 adequate adequate JJ cord-335582-30rws724 101 37 devices device NNS cord-335582-30rws724 101 38 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 101 39 engage engage VB cord-335582-30rws724 101 40 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 101 41 distance distance NN cord-335582-30rws724 101 42 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 101 43 ; ; : cord-335582-30rws724 101 44 Van Van NNP cord-335582-30rws724 101 45 Lancker Lancker NNP cord-335582-30rws724 101 46 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 101 47 Parolin Parolin NNP cord-335582-30rws724 101 48 2020 2020 CD cord-335582-30rws724 101 49 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 101 50 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 102 1 Even even RB cord-335582-30rws724 102 2 when when WRB cord-335582-30rws724 102 3 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 102 4 have have VBP cord-335582-30rws724 102 5 been be VBN cord-335582-30rws724 102 6 able able JJ cord-335582-30rws724 102 7 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 102 8 connect connect VB cord-335582-30rws724 102 9 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 102 10 remote remote JJ cord-335582-30rws724 102 11 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 102 12 during during IN cord-335582-30rws724 102 13 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 102 14 closures closure NNS cord-335582-30rws724 102 15 seems seem VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 102 16 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 102 17 have have VB cord-335582-30rws724 102 18 widened widen VBN cord-335582-30rws724 102 19 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 102 20 existing exist VBG cord-335582-30rws724 102 21 attainment attainment JJ cord-335582-30rws724 102 22 gap gap NN cord-335582-30rws724 102 23 between between IN cord-335582-30rws724 102 24 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 102 25 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 102 26 different different JJ cord-335582-30rws724 102 27 socioeconomic socioeconomic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 102 28 backgrounds background NNS cord-335582-30rws724 103 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 103 2 Coe Coe NNP cord-335582-30rws724 103 3 et et NNP cord-335582-30rws724 103 4 al al NNP cord-335582-30rws724 103 5 . . NNP cord-335582-30rws724 103 6 2020 2020 CD cord-335582-30rws724 103 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 103 8 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 104 1 For for IN cord-335582-30rws724 104 2 instance instance NN cord-335582-30rws724 104 3 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 104 4 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 104 5 recent recent JJ cord-335582-30rws724 104 6 study study NN cord-335582-30rws724 104 7 undertaken undertake VBN cord-335582-30rws724 104 8 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 104 9 researchers researcher NNS cord-335582-30rws724 104 10 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 104 11 Brown Brown NNP cord-335582-30rws724 104 12 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 104 13 Harvard Harvard NNP cord-335582-30rws724 104 14 universities university NNS cord-335582-30rws724 104 15 into into IN cord-335582-30rws724 104 16 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 104 17 use use NN cord-335582-30rws724 104 18 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 104 19 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 104 20 online online JJ cord-335582-30rws724 104 21 mathematics mathematic NNS cord-335582-30rws724 104 22 programme programme NN cord-335582-30rws724 104 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 104 24 Zearn Zearn NNP cord-335582-30rws724 104 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 104 26 before before IN cord-335582-30rws724 104 27 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 104 28 during during IN cord-335582-30rws724 104 29 lockdown lockdown NN cord-335582-30rws724 104 30 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 104 31 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 104 32 United United NNP cord-335582-30rws724 104 33 States States NNP cord-335582-30rws724 105 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 105 2 Chetty Chetty NNP cord-335582-30rws724 105 3 et et NNP cord-335582-30rws724 105 4 al al NNP cord-335582-30rws724 105 5 . . NNP cord-335582-30rws724 105 6 2020 2020 CD cord-335582-30rws724 105 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 105 8 shows show VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 105 9 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 105 10 sharp sharp JJ cord-335582-30rws724 105 11 decline decline NN cord-335582-30rws724 105 12 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 105 13 student student NN cord-335582-30rws724 105 14 progress progress NN cord-335582-30rws724 105 15 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 105 16 mathematics mathematic NNS cord-335582-30rws724 105 17 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 105 18 classrooms classroom NNS cord-335582-30rws724 105 19 located locate VBN cord-335582-30rws724 105 20 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 105 21 low low JJ cord-335582-30rws724 105 22 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 105 23 income income NN cord-335582-30rws724 105 24 ZIP zip NN cord-335582-30rws724 105 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 105 26 postal postal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 105 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 105 28 code code NN cord-335582-30rws724 105 29 areas area NNS cord-335582-30rws724 105 30 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 105 31 while while IN cord-335582-30rws724 105 32 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 105 33 high high JJ cord-335582-30rws724 105 34 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 105 35 income income NN cord-335582-30rws724 105 36 ZIP zip NN cord-335582-30rws724 105 37 code code NN cord-335582-30rws724 105 38 areass areass NN cord-335582-30rws724 106 1 no no DT cord-335582-30rws724 106 2 changes change NNS cord-335582-30rws724 106 3 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 106 4 observed observe VBN cord-335582-30rws724 106 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 106 6 Goldstein Goldstein NNP cord-335582-30rws724 106 7 2020 2020 CD cord-335582-30rws724 106 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 106 9 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 107 1 Before before IN cord-335582-30rws724 107 2 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 107 3 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-335582-30rws724 107 4 pandemic pandemic NN cord-335582-30rws724 107 5 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 107 6 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 107 7 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 107 8 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 107 9 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 107 10 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 107 11 already already RB cord-335582-30rws724 107 12 been be VBN cord-335582-30rws724 107 13 proven prove VBN cord-335582-30rws724 107 14 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 107 15 be be VB cord-335582-30rws724 107 16 more more RBR cord-335582-30rws724 107 17 effective effective JJ cord-335582-30rws724 107 18 than than IN cord-335582-30rws724 107 19 distance distance NN cord-335582-30rws724 107 20 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 107 21 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 108 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-335582-30rws724 108 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 108 3 student student NN cord-335582-30rws724 108 4 outcomes outcome NNS cord-335582-30rws724 108 5 resulting result VBG cord-335582-30rws724 108 6 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 108 7 online online JJ cord-335582-30rws724 108 8 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 108 9 have have VBP cord-335582-30rws724 108 10 been be VBN cord-335582-30rws724 108 11 shown show VBN cord-335582-30rws724 108 12 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 108 13 be be VB cord-335582-30rws724 108 14 poorer poor JJR cord-335582-30rws724 108 15 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 108 16 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 108 17 average average JJ cord-335582-30rws724 108 18 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 108 19 than than IN cord-335582-30rws724 108 20 outcomes outcome NNS cord-335582-30rws724 108 21 resulting result VBG cord-335582-30rws724 108 22 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 108 23 face face NN cord-335582-30rws724 108 24 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 108 25 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 108 26 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 108 27 face face NN cord-335582-30rws724 108 28 instruction instruction NN cord-335582-30rws724 108 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 108 30 Heppen Heppen NNP cord-335582-30rws724 108 31 et et FW cord-335582-30rws724 108 32 al al NNP cord-335582-30rws724 108 33 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 108 34 2017 2017 CD cord-335582-30rws724 108 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 108 36 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 109 1 Conditions condition NNS cord-335582-30rws724 109 2 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 109 3 effective effective JJ cord-335582-30rws724 109 4 remote remote JJ cord-335582-30rws724 109 5 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 109 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 109 7 good good JJ cord-335582-30rws724 109 8 internet internet NN cord-335582-30rws724 109 9 connection connection NN cord-335582-30rws724 109 10 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 109 11 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 109 12 clear clear JJ cord-335582-30rws724 109 13 explanations explanation NNS cord-335582-30rws724 109 14 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 109 15 scaffolding scaffolding NN cord-335582-30rws724 109 16 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 109 17 feedback feedback NN cord-335582-30rws724 109 18 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 109 19 teachers teacher NNS cord-335582-30rws724 109 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 109 21 are be VBP cord-335582-30rws724 109 22 not not RB cord-335582-30rws724 109 23 easy easy JJ cord-335582-30rws724 109 24 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 109 25 accomplish accomplish VB cord-335582-30rws724 109 26 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 110 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 110 2 combination combination NN cord-335582-30rws724 110 3 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 110 4 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 110 5 digital digital JJ cord-335582-30rws724 110 6 gap gap NN cord-335582-30rws724 110 7 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 110 8 teacher teacher NN cord-335582-30rws724 110 9 inexperience inexperience NN cord-335582-30rws724 110 10 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 110 11 providing provide VBG cord-335582-30rws724 110 12 high high JJ cord-335582-30rws724 110 13 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 110 14 quality quality NN cord-335582-30rws724 110 15 distance distance NN cord-335582-30rws724 110 16 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 110 17 makes make VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 110 18 it -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 110 19 difficult difficult JJ cord-335582-30rws724 110 20 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 110 21 improve improve VB cord-335582-30rws724 110 22 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 110 23 ' ' POS cord-335582-30rws724 110 24 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 110 25 opportunities opportunity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 110 26 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 111 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-335582-30rws724 111 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 111 3 there there EX cord-335582-30rws724 111 4 is be VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 111 5 now now RB cord-335582-30rws724 111 6 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 111 7 significant significant JJ cord-335582-30rws724 111 8 risk risk NN cord-335582-30rws724 111 9 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 111 10 vulnerable vulnerable JJ cord-335582-30rws724 111 11 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 111 12 have have VBP cord-335582-30rws724 111 13 less less JJR cord-335582-30rws724 111 14 access access NN cord-335582-30rws724 111 15 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 111 16 quality quality NN cord-335582-30rws724 111 17 teaching teaching NN cord-335582-30rws724 111 18 than than IN cord-335582-30rws724 111 19 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 111 20 peers peer NNS cord-335582-30rws724 111 21 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 111 22 widening widen VBG cord-335582-30rws724 111 23 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 111 24 attainment attainment JJ cord-335582-30rws724 111 25 gap gap NN cord-335582-30rws724 111 26 due due IN cord-335582-30rws724 111 27 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 111 28 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 111 29 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 111 30 lockdown lockdown NN cord-335582-30rws724 112 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 112 2 Coe Coe NNP cord-335582-30rws724 112 3 et et NNP cord-335582-30rws724 112 4 al al NNP cord-335582-30rws724 112 5 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 113 1 2020 2020 CD cord-335582-30rws724 113 2 ; ; : cord-335582-30rws724 113 3 Kay Kay NNP cord-335582-30rws724 113 4 et et NNP cord-335582-30rws724 113 5 al al NNP cord-335582-30rws724 113 6 . . NNP cord-335582-30rws724 113 7 2020 2020 CD cord-335582-30rws724 113 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 113 9 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 114 1 If if IN cord-335582-30rws724 114 2 it -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 114 3 has have VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 114 4 already already RB cord-335582-30rws724 114 5 been be VBN cord-335582-30rws724 114 6 proven prove VBN cord-335582-30rws724 114 7 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 114 8 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 114 9 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 114 10 low low JJ cord-335582-30rws724 114 11 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 114 12 income income NN cord-335582-30rws724 114 13 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 114 14 experience experience VBP cord-335582-30rws724 114 15 more more JJR cord-335582-30rws724 114 16 interruptions interruption NNS cord-335582-30rws724 114 17 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 114 18 disruptions disruption NNS cord-335582-30rws724 114 19 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 114 20 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 114 21 instructional instructional JJ cord-335582-30rws724 114 22 time time NN cord-335582-30rws724 114 23 under under IN cord-335582-30rws724 114 24 normal normal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 114 25 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 114 26 conditions condition NNS cord-335582-30rws724 114 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 114 28 Abadzi Abadzi NNP cord-335582-30rws724 114 29 2009 2009 CD cord-335582-30rws724 114 30 ; ; : cord-335582-30rws724 114 31 Alegre Alegre NNP cord-335582-30rws724 114 32 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 114 33 Benito Benito NNP cord-335582-30rws724 114 34 2012 2012 CD cord-335582-30rws724 114 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 114 36 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 114 37 then then RB cord-335582-30rws724 114 38 poor poor JJ cord-335582-30rws724 114 39 distance distance NN cord-335582-30rws724 114 40 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 114 41 can can MD cord-335582-30rws724 114 42 be be VB cord-335582-30rws724 114 43 understood understand VBN cord-335582-30rws724 114 44 as as IN cord-335582-30rws724 114 45 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 114 46 new new JJ cord-335582-30rws724 114 47 obstacle obstacle NN cord-335582-30rws724 114 48 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 114 49 effective effective JJ cord-335582-30rws724 114 50 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 114 51 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 115 1 Apart apart RB cord-335582-30rws724 115 2 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 115 3 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 115 4 organisation organisation NN cord-335582-30rws724 115 5 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 115 6 distance distance NN cord-335582-30rws724 115 7 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 115 8 strategies strategy NNS cord-335582-30rws724 115 9 developed develop VBN cord-335582-30rws724 115 10 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 115 11 teachers teacher NNS cord-335582-30rws724 115 12 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 115 13 parental parental JJ cord-335582-30rws724 115 14 engagement engagement NN cord-335582-30rws724 115 15 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 115 16 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 115 17 's 's POS cord-335582-30rws724 115 18 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 115 19 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 115 20 practised practise VBD cord-335582-30rws724 115 21 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 115 22 some some DT cord-335582-30rws724 115 23 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 115 24 alongside alongside IN cord-335582-30rws724 115 25 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 115 26 attendance attendance NN cord-335582-30rws724 115 27 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 115 28 becomes become VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 115 29 more more RBR cord-335582-30rws724 115 30 important important JJ cord-335582-30rws724 115 31 when when WRB cord-335582-30rws724 115 32 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 115 33 is be VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 115 34 replaced replace VBN cord-335582-30rws724 115 35 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 115 36 at at IN cord-335582-30rws724 115 37 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 115 38 home home NN cord-335582-30rws724 115 39 instruction instruction NN cord-335582-30rws724 115 40 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 116 1 Educational educational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 116 2 studies study NNS cord-335582-30rws724 116 3 have have VBP cord-335582-30rws724 116 4 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-335582-30rws724 116 5 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 116 6 parental parental JJ cord-335582-30rws724 116 7 involvement involvement NN cord-335582-30rws724 116 8 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 116 9 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 116 10 quality quality NN cord-335582-30rws724 116 11 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 116 12 learning learn VBG cord-335582-30rws724 116 13 at at IN cord-335582-30rws724 116 14 home home NN cord-335582-30rws724 116 15 improve improve VB cord-335582-30rws724 116 16 academic academic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 116 17 outcomes outcome NNS cord-335582-30rws724 116 18 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 117 1 Research research NN cord-335582-30rws724 117 2 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 117 3 this this DT cord-335582-30rws724 117 4 field field NN cord-335582-30rws724 117 5 has have VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 117 6 consistently consistently RB cord-335582-30rws724 117 7 observed observe VBN cord-335582-30rws724 117 8 greater great JJR cord-335582-30rws724 117 9 academic academic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 117 10 achievement achievement NN cord-335582-30rws724 117 11 among among IN cord-335582-30rws724 117 12 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 117 13 whose whose WP$ cord-335582-30rws724 117 14 parents parent NNS cord-335582-30rws724 117 15 are be VBP cord-335582-30rws724 117 16 actively actively RB cord-335582-30rws724 117 17 involved involve VBN cord-335582-30rws724 117 18 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 117 19 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 117 20 educational educational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 117 21 process process NN cord-335582-30rws724 117 22 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 118 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 118 2 has have VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 118 3 also also RB cord-335582-30rws724 118 4 found find VBN cord-335582-30rws724 118 5 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 118 6 clear clear JJ cord-335582-30rws724 118 7 relationship relationship NN cord-335582-30rws724 118 8 between between IN cord-335582-30rws724 118 9 engagement engagement NN cord-335582-30rws724 118 10 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 118 11 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 118 12 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 118 13 process process NN cord-335582-30rws724 118 14 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 118 15 parental parental JJ cord-335582-30rws724 118 16 background background NN cord-335582-30rws724 118 17 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 118 18 terms term NNS cord-335582-30rws724 118 19 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 118 20 social social JJ cord-335582-30rws724 118 21 class class NN cord-335582-30rws724 118 22 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 118 23 ethnicity ethnicity NN cord-335582-30rws724 119 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 119 2 Oreopoulos Oreopoulos NNP cord-335582-30rws724 119 3 et et NNP cord-335582-30rws724 119 4 al al NNP cord-335582-30rws724 119 5 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 119 6 2006 2006 CD cord-335582-30rws724 119 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 119 8 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 120 1 Unequal unequal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 120 2 parental parental JJ cord-335582-30rws724 120 3 capacities capacity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 120 4 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 120 5 help help VB cord-335582-30rws724 120 6 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 120 7 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 120 8 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 120 9 homework homework NN cord-335582-30rws724 120 10 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 120 11 different different JJ cord-335582-30rws724 120 12 uses use NNS cord-335582-30rws724 120 13 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 120 14 family family NN cord-335582-30rws724 120 15 time time NN cord-335582-30rws724 120 16 have have VBP cord-335582-30rws724 120 17 been be VBN cord-335582-30rws724 120 18 extensively extensively RB cord-335582-30rws724 120 19 documented document VBN cord-335582-30rws724 120 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 120 21 Meyer Meyer NNP cord-335582-30rws724 120 22 et et NNP cord-335582-30rws724 120 23 al al NNP cord-335582-30rws724 120 24 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 120 25 2017 2017 CD cord-335582-30rws724 120 26 ; ; : cord-335582-30rws724 120 27 Mora Mora NNP cord-335582-30rws724 120 28 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 120 29 Escardíbul Escardíbul NNP cord-335582-30rws724 120 30 2018 2018 CD cord-335582-30rws724 120 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 120 32 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 121 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-335582-30rws724 121 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 121 3 family family NN cord-335582-30rws724 121 4 reactions reaction NNS cord-335582-30rws724 121 5 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 121 6 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 121 7 lockdown lockdown NN cord-335582-30rws724 121 8 are be VBP cord-335582-30rws724 121 9 likely likely JJ cord-335582-30rws724 121 10 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 121 11 produce produce VB cord-335582-30rws724 121 12 significant significant JJ cord-335582-30rws724 121 13 differences difference NNS cord-335582-30rws724 121 14 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 121 15 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 121 16 learning learn VBG cord-335582-30rws724 121 17 opportunities opportunity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 121 18 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 121 19 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 121 20 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 121 21 different different JJ cord-335582-30rws724 121 22 types type NNS cord-335582-30rws724 121 23 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 121 24 social social JJ cord-335582-30rws724 121 25 background background NN cord-335582-30rws724 122 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 122 2 Burgess Burgess NNP cord-335582-30rws724 122 3 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 122 4 Sievertsen Sievertsen NNP cord-335582-30rws724 122 5 2020 2020 CD cord-335582-30rws724 122 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 122 7 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 123 1 Regardless regardless RB cord-335582-30rws724 123 2 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 123 3 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 123 4 causes cause NNS cord-335582-30rws724 123 5 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 123 6 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-335582-30rws724 123 7 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 123 8 previous previous JJ cord-335582-30rws724 123 9 crises crisis NNS cord-335582-30rws724 123 10 have have VBP cord-335582-30rws724 123 11 had have VBN cord-335582-30rws724 123 12 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 123 13 more more RBR cord-335582-30rws724 123 14 intense intense JJ cord-335582-30rws724 123 15 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 123 16 negative negative JJ cord-335582-30rws724 123 17 effect effect NN cord-335582-30rws724 123 18 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 123 19 student student NN cord-335582-30rws724 123 20 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 123 21 outcomes outcome NNS cord-335582-30rws724 123 22 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 123 23 contexts context NNS cord-335582-30rws724 123 24 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 123 25 higher high JJR cord-335582-30rws724 123 26 proportions proportion NNS cord-335582-30rws724 123 27 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 123 28 disadvantaged disadvantaged JJ cord-335582-30rws724 123 29 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 123 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 123 31 Borse Borse NNP cord-335582-30rws724 123 32 et et NNP cord-335582-30rws724 123 33 al al NNP cord-335582-30rws724 123 34 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 124 1 2011 2011 CD cord-335582-30rws724 125 1 ; ; : cord-335582-30rws724 125 2 Chen Chen NNP cord-335582-30rws724 125 3 et et NNP cord-335582-30rws724 125 4 al al NNP cord-335582-30rws724 125 5 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 126 1 2011 2011 CD cord-335582-30rws724 127 1 ; ; : cord-335582-30rws724 127 2 Iqbal Iqbal NNP cord-335582-30rws724 127 3 et et NNP cord-335582-30rws724 127 4 al al NNP cord-335582-30rws724 127 5 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 128 1 2020 2020 CD cord-335582-30rws724 128 2 ; ; : cord-335582-30rws724 128 3 Sadique Sadique NNP cord-335582-30rws724 128 4 et et FW cord-335582-30rws724 128 5 al al NNP cord-335582-30rws724 128 6 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 129 1 2008 2008 CD cord-335582-30rws724 129 2 ; ; : cord-335582-30rws724 129 3 Shores Shores NNPS cord-335582-30rws724 129 4 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 129 5 Steinberg Steinberg NNP cord-335582-30rws724 129 6 2018 2018 CD cord-335582-30rws724 129 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 129 8 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 130 1 Previous previous JJ cord-335582-30rws724 130 2 research research NN cord-335582-30rws724 130 3 also also RB cord-335582-30rws724 130 4 suggests suggest VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 130 5 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 130 6 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 130 7 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 130 8 loss loss NN cord-335582-30rws724 130 9 can can MD cord-335582-30rws724 130 10 not not RB cord-335582-30rws724 130 11 only only RB cord-335582-30rws724 130 12 have have VB cord-335582-30rws724 130 13 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 130 14 limited limited JJ cord-335582-30rws724 130 15 short short JJ cord-335582-30rws724 130 16 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 130 17 term term NN cord-335582-30rws724 130 18 effect effect NN cord-335582-30rws724 130 19 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 130 20 but but CC cord-335582-30rws724 130 21 may may MD cord-335582-30rws724 130 22 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 130 23 fact fact NN cord-335582-30rws724 130 24 result result VB cord-335582-30rws724 130 25 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 130 26 cumulative cumulative JJ cord-335582-30rws724 130 27 losses loss NNS cord-335582-30rws724 130 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 130 29 Abadzi Abadzi NNP cord-335582-30rws724 130 30 2009 2009 CD cord-335582-30rws724 130 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 130 32 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 131 1 Likewise likewise RB cord-335582-30rws724 131 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 131 3 other other JJ cord-335582-30rws724 131 4 researchers researcher NNS cord-335582-30rws724 131 5 suggest suggest VBP cord-335582-30rws724 131 6 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 131 7 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 131 8 current current JJ cord-335582-30rws724 131 9 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 131 10 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-335582-30rws724 131 11 will will MD cord-335582-30rws724 131 12 widen widen VB cord-335582-30rws724 131 13 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 131 14 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 131 15 gap gap NN cord-335582-30rws724 131 16 between between IN cord-335582-30rws724 131 17 vulnerable vulnerable JJ cord-335582-30rws724 131 18 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 131 19 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 131 20 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 131 21 peers peer NNS cord-335582-30rws724 131 22 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 131 23 possibly possibly RB cord-335582-30rws724 131 24 even even RB cord-335582-30rws724 131 25 reversing reverse VBG cord-335582-30rws724 131 26 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 131 27 progress progress NN cord-335582-30rws724 131 28 made make VBN cord-335582-30rws724 131 29 during during IN cord-335582-30rws724 131 30 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 131 31 last last JJ cord-335582-30rws724 131 32 decade decade NN cord-335582-30rws724 131 33 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 131 34 narrow narrow VB cord-335582-30rws724 131 35 this this DT cord-335582-30rws724 131 36 gap gap NN cord-335582-30rws724 132 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 132 2 Coe Coe NNP cord-335582-30rws724 132 3 et et NNP cord-335582-30rws724 132 4 al al NNP cord-335582-30rws724 132 5 . . NNP cord-335582-30rws724 132 6 2020 2020 CD cord-335582-30rws724 132 7 ; ; : cord-335582-30rws724 132 8 Van Van NNP cord-335582-30rws724 132 9 Lancker Lancker NNP cord-335582-30rws724 132 10 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 132 11 Parolin Parolin NNP cord-335582-30rws724 132 12 2020 2020 CD cord-335582-30rws724 132 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 132 14 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 133 1 On on IN cord-335582-30rws724 133 2 13 13 CD cord-335582-30rws724 133 3 March March NNP cord-335582-30rws724 133 4 2020 2020 CD cord-335582-30rws724 133 5 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 133 6 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 133 7 Catalan catalan JJ cord-335582-30rws724 133 8 government government NN cord-335582-30rws724 133 9 ordered order VBD cord-335582-30rws724 133 10 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 133 11 closure closure NN cord-335582-30rws724 133 12 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 133 13 all all DT cord-335582-30rws724 133 14 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 133 15 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 133 16 colleges college NNS cord-335582-30rws724 133 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 133 18 universities university NNS cord-335582-30rws724 133 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 133 20 due due IN cord-335582-30rws724 133 21 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 133 22 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 133 23 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-335582-30rws724 133 24 pandemic pandemic NN cord-335582-30rws724 133 25 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 134 1 More More JJR cord-335582-30rws724 134 2 than than IN cord-335582-30rws724 134 3 one one CD cord-335582-30rws724 134 4 million million CD cord-335582-30rws724 134 5 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 134 6 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 134 7 compulsory compulsory JJ cord-335582-30rws724 134 8 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 134 9 6 6 CD cord-335582-30rws724 134 10 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 134 11 asked ask VBN cord-335582-30rws724 134 12 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 134 13 stay stay VB cord-335582-30rws724 134 14 at at IN cord-335582-30rws724 134 15 home home NN cord-335582-30rws724 134 16 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 135 1 During during IN cord-335582-30rws724 135 2 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 135 3 first first JJ cord-335582-30rws724 135 4 two two CD cord-335582-30rws724 135 5 weeks week NNS cord-335582-30rws724 135 6 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 135 7 confinement confinement NN cord-335582-30rws724 135 8 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 135 9 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 135 10 Catalan Catalan NNP cord-335582-30rws724 135 11 Department Department NNP cord-335582-30rws724 135 12 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 135 13 Education Education NNP cord-335582-30rws724 135 14 advised advise VBD cord-335582-30rws724 135 15 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 135 16 not not RB cord-335582-30rws724 135 17 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 135 18 provide provide VB cord-335582-30rws724 135 19 new new JJ cord-335582-30rws724 135 20 curriculum curriculum NN cord-335582-30rws724 135 21 content content NN cord-335582-30rws724 135 22 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 135 23 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 135 24 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 135 25 attempt attempt NN cord-335582-30rws724 135 26 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 135 27 contain contain VB cord-335582-30rws724 135 28 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 135 29 adverse adverse JJ cord-335582-30rws724 135 30 effects effect NNS cord-335582-30rws724 135 31 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 135 32 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 135 33 technological technological JJ cord-335582-30rws724 135 34 gap gap NN cord-335582-30rws724 135 35 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 135 36 educational educational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 135 37 inequalities inequality NNS cord-335582-30rws724 135 38 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 136 1 Despite despite IN cord-335582-30rws724 136 2 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 136 3 Department Department NNP cord-335582-30rws724 136 4 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 136 5 Education Education NNP cord-335582-30rws724 136 6 's 's POS cord-335582-30rws724 136 7 order order NN cord-335582-30rws724 136 8 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 136 9 some some DT cord-335582-30rws724 136 10 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 136 11 reacted react VBD cord-335582-30rws724 136 12 rapidly rapidly RB cord-335582-30rws724 136 13 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 136 14 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 136 15 new new JJ cord-335582-30rws724 136 16 circumstances circumstance NNS cord-335582-30rws724 136 17 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 136 18 switched switch VBD cord-335582-30rws724 136 19 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 136 20 remote remote JJ cord-335582-30rws724 136 21 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 136 22 strategies strategy NNS cord-335582-30rws724 136 23 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 137 1 Other other JJ cord-335582-30rws724 137 2 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 137 3 stopped stop VBD cord-335582-30rws724 137 4 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 137 5 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 137 6 entirely entirely RB cord-335582-30rws724 137 7 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 138 1 Between between IN cord-335582-30rws724 138 2 these these DT cord-335582-30rws724 138 3 two two CD cord-335582-30rws724 138 4 extremes extreme NNS cord-335582-30rws724 138 5 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 138 6 there there EX cord-335582-30rws724 138 7 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 138 8 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 138 9 range range NN cord-335582-30rws724 138 10 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 138 11 reactions reaction NNS cord-335582-30rws724 138 12 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 138 13 responses response NNS cord-335582-30rws724 138 14 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 139 1 Between between IN cord-335582-30rws724 139 2 26 26 CD cord-335582-30rws724 139 3 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 139 4 30 30 CD cord-335582-30rws724 139 5 March March NNP cord-335582-30rws724 139 6 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 139 7 after after IN cord-335582-30rws724 139 8 two two CD cord-335582-30rws724 139 9 weeks week NNS cord-335582-30rws724 139 10 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 139 11 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 139 12 closure closure NN cord-335582-30rws724 139 13 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 139 14 before before IN cord-335582-30rws724 139 15 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 139 16 Spanish Spanish NNP cord-335582-30rws724 139 17 Government Government NNP cord-335582-30rws724 139 18 ordered order VBD cord-335582-30rws724 139 19 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 139 20 more more RBR cord-335582-30rws724 139 21 restricted restricted JJ cord-335582-30rws724 139 22 lockdown lockdown NN cord-335582-30rws724 139 23 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 139 24 we -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 139 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 139 26 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 139 27 authors author NNS cord-335582-30rws724 139 28 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 139 29 this this DT cord-335582-30rws724 139 30 article article NN cord-335582-30rws724 139 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 139 32 conducted conduct VBD cord-335582-30rws724 139 33 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 139 34 online online JJ cord-335582-30rws724 139 35 survey survey NN cord-335582-30rws724 139 36 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 139 37 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 139 38 whose whose WP$ cord-335582-30rws724 139 39 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 139 40 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 139 41 aged age VBN cord-335582-30rws724 139 42 between between IN cord-335582-30rws724 139 43 3 3 CD cord-335582-30rws724 139 44 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 139 45 18 18 CD cord-335582-30rws724 139 46 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 140 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 140 2 survey survey NN cord-335582-30rws724 140 3 was be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 140 4 addressed address VBN cord-335582-30rws724 140 5 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 140 6 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 140 7 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 140 8 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 140 9 enrolled enrol VBN cord-335582-30rws724 140 10 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 140 11 preschool preschool NN cord-335582-30rws724 140 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 140 13 3 3 CD cord-335582-30rws724 140 14 - - SYM cord-335582-30rws724 140 15 5 5 CD cord-335582-30rws724 140 16 years year NNS cord-335582-30rws724 140 17 old old JJ cord-335582-30rws724 140 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 140 19 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 140 20 primary primary JJ cord-335582-30rws724 140 21 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 140 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 140 23 6 6 CD cord-335582-30rws724 140 24 - - SYM cord-335582-30rws724 140 25 12 12 CD cord-335582-30rws724 140 26 years year NNS cord-335582-30rws724 140 27 old old JJ cord-335582-30rws724 140 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 140 29 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 140 30 lower low JJR cord-335582-30rws724 140 31 secondary secondary JJ cord-335582-30rws724 140 32 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 140 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 140 34 12 12 CD cord-335582-30rws724 140 35 - - SYM cord-335582-30rws724 140 36 16 16 CD cord-335582-30rws724 140 37 years year NNS cord-335582-30rws724 140 38 old old JJ cord-335582-30rws724 140 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 140 40 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 140 41 post post JJ cord-335582-30rws724 140 42 - - JJ cord-335582-30rws724 140 43 secondary secondary JJ cord-335582-30rws724 140 44 academic academic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 140 45 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 140 46 vocational vocational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 140 47 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 140 48 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 140 49 16 16 CD cord-335582-30rws724 140 50 - - SYM cord-335582-30rws724 140 51 18 18 CD cord-335582-30rws724 140 52 years year NNS cord-335582-30rws724 140 53 old old JJ cord-335582-30rws724 140 54 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 140 55 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 141 1 7 7 CD cord-335582-30rws724 142 1 Organised organise VBN cord-335582-30rws724 142 2 into into IN cord-335582-30rws724 142 3 two two CD cord-335582-30rws724 142 4 main main JJ cord-335582-30rws724 142 5 sets set NNS cord-335582-30rws724 142 6 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 142 7 questions question NNS cord-335582-30rws724 142 8 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 142 9 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 142 10 survey survey NN cord-335582-30rws724 142 11 included include VBD cord-335582-30rws724 142 12 78 78 CD cord-335582-30rws724 142 13 items item NNS cord-335582-30rws724 142 14 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 142 15 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 142 16 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 142 17 variable variable JJ cord-335582-30rws724 142 18 number number NN cord-335582-30rws724 142 19 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 142 20 subquestions subquestion NNS cord-335582-30rws724 142 21 that that WDT cord-335582-30rws724 142 22 branched branch VBD cord-335582-30rws724 142 23 out out RP cord-335582-30rws724 142 24 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 142 25 adapt adapt VB cord-335582-30rws724 142 26 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 142 27 respondents respondent NNS cord-335582-30rws724 142 28 ' ' POS cord-335582-30rws724 142 29 particular particular JJ cord-335582-30rws724 142 30 contexts context NNS cord-335582-30rws724 142 31 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 143 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 143 2 first first JJ cord-335582-30rws724 143 3 group group NN cord-335582-30rws724 143 4 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 143 5 items item NNS cord-335582-30rws724 143 6 characterised characterise VBD cord-335582-30rws724 143 7 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 143 8 different different JJ cord-335582-30rws724 143 9 social social JJ cord-335582-30rws724 143 10 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 143 11 spatial spatial JJ cord-335582-30rws724 143 12 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 143 13 technological technological JJ cord-335582-30rws724 143 14 conditions condition NNS cord-335582-30rws724 143 15 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 143 16 which which WDT cord-335582-30rws724 143 17 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 143 18 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 143 19 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 143 20 respond respond VB cord-335582-30rws724 143 21 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 143 22 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 143 23 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 143 24 lockdown lockdown NN cord-335582-30rws724 143 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 143 26 such such JJ cord-335582-30rws724 143 27 as as IN cord-335582-30rws724 143 28 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 143 29 size size NN cord-335582-30rws724 143 30 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 143 31 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 143 32 home home NN cord-335582-30rws724 143 33 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 143 34 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 143 35 availability availability NN cord-335582-30rws724 143 36 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 143 37 outdoor outdoor JJ cord-335582-30rws724 143 38 spaces space NNS cord-335582-30rws724 143 39 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 143 40 access access NN cord-335582-30rws724 143 41 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 143 42 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 143 43 internet internet NN cord-335582-30rws724 143 44 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 143 45 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 143 46 digital digital JJ cord-335582-30rws724 143 47 devices device NNS cord-335582-30rws724 143 48 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 143 49 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 144 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 144 2 second second JJ cord-335582-30rws724 144 3 set set NN cord-335582-30rws724 144 4 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 144 5 questions question NNS cord-335582-30rws724 144 6 was be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 144 7 designed design VBN cord-335582-30rws724 144 8 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 144 9 assess assess VB cord-335582-30rws724 144 10 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 144 11 's 's POS cord-335582-30rws724 144 12 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 144 13 opportunities opportunity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 144 14 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 144 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 144 16 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 144 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 144 18 formal formal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 144 19 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 144 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 144 21 contact contact NN cord-335582-30rws724 144 22 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 144 23 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 144 24 teachers teacher NNS cord-335582-30rws724 144 25 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 144 26 frequency frequency NN cord-335582-30rws724 144 27 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 144 28 types type NNS cord-335582-30rws724 144 29 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 144 30 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 144 31 tasks task NNS cord-335582-30rws724 144 32 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 144 33 feedback feedback NN cord-335582-30rws724 144 34 provided provide VBN cord-335582-30rws724 144 35 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 144 36 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 144 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 144 38 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 144 39 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 144 40 b b LS cord-335582-30rws724 144 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 144 42 informal informal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 144 43 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 144 44 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 144 45 uses use NNS cord-335582-30rws724 144 46 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 144 47 time time NN cord-335582-30rws724 144 48 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 144 49 family family NN cord-335582-30rws724 144 50 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 144 51 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 144 52 support support VBP cord-335582-30rws724 144 53 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 144 54 carry carry VB cord-335582-30rws724 144 55 out out RP cord-335582-30rws724 144 56 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 144 57 tasks task NNS cord-335582-30rws724 144 58 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 144 59 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 144 60 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 144 61 c c NN cord-335582-30rws724 144 62 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 144 63 non non JJ cord-335582-30rws724 144 64 - - JJ cord-335582-30rws724 144 65 formal formal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 144 66 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 144 67 practices practice NNS cord-335582-30rws724 144 68 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 144 69 home home NN cord-335582-30rws724 144 70 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 144 71 participation participation NN cord-335582-30rws724 144 72 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 144 73 after after IN cord-335582-30rws724 144 74 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 144 75 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 144 76 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 144 77 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 144 78 types type NNS cord-335582-30rws724 144 79 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 144 80 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 144 81 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 144 82 forms form NNS cord-335582-30rws724 144 83 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 144 84 participation participation NN cord-335582-30rws724 144 85 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 144 86 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 145 1 In in IN cord-335582-30rws724 145 2 addition addition NN cord-335582-30rws724 145 3 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 145 4 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 145 5 survey survey NN cord-335582-30rws724 145 6 included include VBD cord-335582-30rws724 145 7 variables variable NNS cord-335582-30rws724 145 8 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 145 9 characterise characterise VB cord-335582-30rws724 145 10 respondents respondent NNS cord-335582-30rws724 145 11 ' ' POS cord-335582-30rws724 145 12 social social JJ cord-335582-30rws724 145 13 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 145 14 economic economic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 145 15 conditions condition NNS cord-335582-30rws724 145 16 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 145 17 such such JJ cord-335582-30rws724 145 18 as as IN cord-335582-30rws724 145 19 family family NN cord-335582-30rws724 145 20 structure structure NN cord-335582-30rws724 145 21 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 145 22 parental parental JJ cord-335582-30rws724 145 23 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 145 24 attainment attainment NN cord-335582-30rws724 145 25 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 145 26 income income NN cord-335582-30rws724 145 27 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 145 28 ethnic ethnic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 145 29 origin origin NN cord-335582-30rws724 145 30 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 145 31 gender gender NN cord-335582-30rws724 145 32 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 145 33 work work NN cord-335582-30rws724 145 34 status status NN cord-335582-30rws724 145 35 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 146 1 To to TO cord-335582-30rws724 146 2 test test VB cord-335582-30rws724 146 3 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 146 4 survey survey NN cord-335582-30rws724 146 5 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 146 6 we -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 146 7 conducted conduct VBD cord-335582-30rws724 146 8 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 146 9 brief brief JJ cord-335582-30rws724 146 10 pilot pilot NN cord-335582-30rws724 146 11 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 147 1 Due due IN cord-335582-30rws724 147 2 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 147 3 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 147 4 exceptional exceptional JJ cord-335582-30rws724 147 5 circumstances circumstance NNS cord-335582-30rws724 147 6 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 147 7 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 147 8 pilot pilot NN cord-335582-30rws724 147 9 was be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 147 10 implemented implement VBN cord-335582-30rws724 147 11 using use VBG cord-335582-30rws724 147 12 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 147 13 informal informal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 147 14 strategy strategy NN cord-335582-30rws724 147 15 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 147 16 we -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 147 17 asked ask VBD cord-335582-30rws724 147 18 10 10 CD cord-335582-30rws724 147 19 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 147 20 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 147 21 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 147 22 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 147 23 different different JJ cord-335582-30rws724 147 24 ages age NNS cord-335582-30rws724 147 25 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 147 26 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 147 27 different different JJ cord-335582-30rws724 147 28 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 147 29 pathways pathway NNS cord-335582-30rws724 147 30 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 147 31 complete complete VB cord-335582-30rws724 147 32 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 147 33 survey survey NN cord-335582-30rws724 147 34 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 148 1 After after IN cord-335582-30rws724 148 2 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 148 3 pilot pilot NN cord-335582-30rws724 148 4 was be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 148 5 completed complete VBN cord-335582-30rws724 148 6 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 148 7 we -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 148 8 distributed distribute VBD cord-335582-30rws724 148 9 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 148 10 final final JJ cord-335582-30rws724 148 11 version version NN cord-335582-30rws724 148 12 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 148 13 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 148 14 survey survey NN cord-335582-30rws724 148 15 through through IN cord-335582-30rws724 148 16 various various JJ cord-335582-30rws724 148 17 online online JJ cord-335582-30rws724 148 18 communication communication NN cord-335582-30rws724 148 19 channels channel NNS cord-335582-30rws724 149 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 149 2 Twitter Twitter NNP cord-335582-30rws724 149 3 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 149 4 Facebook Facebook NNP cord-335582-30rws724 149 5 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 149 6 What what WP cord-335582-30rws724 149 7 s s VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 149 8 App App NNP cord-335582-30rws724 149 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 149 10 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 150 1 This this DT cord-335582-30rws724 150 2 strategy strategy NN cord-335582-30rws724 150 3 helped help VBD cord-335582-30rws724 150 4 us -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 150 5 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 150 6 improve improve VB cord-335582-30rws724 150 7 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 150 8 survey survey NN cord-335582-30rws724 150 9 's 's POS cord-335582-30rws724 150 10 visibility visibility NN cord-335582-30rws724 150 11 among among IN cord-335582-30rws724 150 12 different different JJ cord-335582-30rws724 150 13 social social JJ cord-335582-30rws724 150 14 groups group NNS cord-335582-30rws724 150 15 as as RB cord-335582-30rws724 150 16 well well RB cord-335582-30rws724 150 17 as as IN cord-335582-30rws724 150 18 reducing reduce VBG cord-335582-30rws724 150 19 sampling sampling NN cord-335582-30rws724 150 20 bias bias NN cord-335582-30rws724 150 21 linked link VBN cord-335582-30rws724 150 22 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 150 23 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 150 24 use use NN cord-335582-30rws724 150 25 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 150 26 social social JJ cord-335582-30rws724 150 27 networks network NNS cord-335582-30rws724 150 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 150 29 Blank Blank NNP cord-335582-30rws724 150 30 2017 2017 CD cord-335582-30rws724 150 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 150 32 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 151 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 151 2 also also RB cord-335582-30rws724 151 3 mobilised mobilise VBD cord-335582-30rws724 151 4 strategic strategic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 151 5 contacts contact NNS cord-335582-30rws724 151 6 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 151 7 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 151 8 most most RBS cord-335582-30rws724 151 9 deprived deprived JJ cord-335582-30rws724 151 10 areas area NNS cord-335582-30rws724 151 11 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 151 12 Catalonia Catalonia NNP cord-335582-30rws724 151 13 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 151 14 reach reach VB cord-335582-30rws724 151 15 those those DT cord-335582-30rws724 151 16 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 151 17 less less RBR cord-335582-30rws724 151 18 likely likely JJ cord-335582-30rws724 151 19 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 151 20 answer answer VB cord-335582-30rws724 151 21 online online JJ cord-335582-30rws724 151 22 surveys survey NNS cord-335582-30rws724 151 23 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 152 1 In in IN cord-335582-30rws724 152 2 total total JJ cord-335582-30rws724 152 3 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 152 4 79,668 79,668 CD cord-335582-30rws724 152 5 people people NNS cord-335582-30rws724 152 6 clicked click VBD cord-335582-30rws724 152 7 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 152 8 link link NN cord-335582-30rws724 152 9 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 152 10 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 152 11 survey survey NN cord-335582-30rws724 152 12 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 152 13 approximately approximately RB cord-335582-30rws724 152 14 58,000 58,000 CD cord-335582-30rws724 152 15 started start VBD cord-335582-30rws724 152 16 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 152 17 answer answer VB cord-335582-30rws724 152 18 it -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 152 19 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 152 20 more more JJR cord-335582-30rws724 152 21 than than IN cord-335582-30rws724 152 22 40,000 40,000 CD cord-335582-30rws724 152 23 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 152 24 completed complete VBD cord-335582-30rws724 152 25 it -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 152 26 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 153 1 After after IN cord-335582-30rws724 153 2 excluding exclude VBG cord-335582-30rws724 153 3 some some DT cord-335582-30rws724 153 4 respondents respondent NNS cord-335582-30rws724 153 5 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 153 6 reasons reason NNS cord-335582-30rws724 153 7 like like IN cord-335582-30rws724 153 8 incomplete incomplete JJ cord-335582-30rws724 153 9 answers answer NNS cord-335582-30rws724 153 10 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 153 11 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 153 12 's 's POS cord-335582-30rws724 153 13 ages age NNS cord-335582-30rws724 153 14 outside outside IN cord-335582-30rws724 153 15 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 153 16 survey survey NN cord-335582-30rws724 153 17 's 's POS cord-335582-30rws724 153 18 scope scope NN cord-335582-30rws724 153 19 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 153 20 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 153 21 not not RB cord-335582-30rws724 153 22 living live VBG cord-335582-30rws724 153 23 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 153 24 Catalonia Catalonia NNP cord-335582-30rws724 153 25 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 153 26 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 153 27 final final JJ cord-335582-30rws724 153 28 sample sample NN cord-335582-30rws724 153 29 included include VBD cord-335582-30rws724 153 30 information information NN cord-335582-30rws724 153 31 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 153 32 35,419 35,419 CD cord-335582-30rws724 153 33 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 153 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 153 35 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 153 36 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 153 37 total total NN cord-335582-30rws724 153 38 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 153 39 59,167 59,167 CD cord-335582-30rws724 153 40 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 153 41 aged age VBN cord-335582-30rws724 153 42 between between IN cord-335582-30rws724 153 43 3 3 CD cord-335582-30rws724 153 44 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 153 45 18 18 CD cord-335582-30rws724 153 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 153 47 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 154 1 As as IN cord-335582-30rws724 154 2 expected expect VBN cord-335582-30rws724 154 3 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 154 4 high high JJ cord-335582-30rws724 154 5 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 154 6 income income NN cord-335582-30rws724 154 7 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 154 8 highly highly RB cord-335582-30rws724 154 9 educated educate VBN cord-335582-30rws724 154 10 parents parent NNS cord-335582-30rws724 154 11 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 154 12 over over RB cord-335582-30rws724 154 13 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 154 14 represented represent VBN cord-335582-30rws724 154 15 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 155 1 Due due IN cord-335582-30rws724 155 2 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 155 3 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 155 4 lockdown lockdown NN cord-335582-30rws724 155 5 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 155 6 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 155 7 urgent urgent JJ cord-335582-30rws724 155 8 need need NN cord-335582-30rws724 155 9 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 155 10 data datum NNS cord-335582-30rws724 155 11 collection collection NN cord-335582-30rws724 155 12 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 155 13 we -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 155 14 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 155 15 unable unable JJ cord-335582-30rws724 155 16 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 155 17 complement complement VB cord-335582-30rws724 155 18 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 155 19 online online JJ cord-335582-30rws724 155 20 survey survey NN cord-335582-30rws724 155 21 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 155 22 other other JJ cord-335582-30rws724 155 23 strategies strategy NNS cord-335582-30rws724 155 24 such such JJ cord-335582-30rws724 155 25 as as IN cord-335582-30rws724 155 26 telephone telephone NN cord-335582-30rws724 155 27 calls call NNS cord-335582-30rws724 155 28 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 155 29 face face NN cord-335582-30rws724 155 30 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 155 31 toface toface NN cord-335582-30rws724 155 32 interviews interview NNS cord-335582-30rws724 155 33 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 156 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 156 2 opted opt VBD cord-335582-30rws724 156 3 instead instead RB cord-335582-30rws724 156 4 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 156 5 use use VB cord-335582-30rws724 156 6 non non JJ cord-335582-30rws724 156 7 - - JJ cord-335582-30rws724 156 8 response response JJ cord-335582-30rws724 156 9 weighting weighting NN cord-335582-30rws724 156 10 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 156 11 bring bring VB cord-335582-30rws724 156 12 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 156 13 sample sample NN cord-335582-30rws724 156 14 closer close RBR cord-335582-30rws724 156 15 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 156 16 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 156 17 population population NN cord-335582-30rws724 156 18 distribution distribution NN cord-335582-30rws724 156 19 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 157 1 To to TO cord-335582-30rws724 157 2 do do VB cord-335582-30rws724 157 3 this this DT cord-335582-30rws724 157 4 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 157 5 we -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 157 6 weighted weight VBD cord-335582-30rws724 157 7 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 157 8 sample sample NN cord-335582-30rws724 157 9 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 157 10 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 157 11 level level NN cord-335582-30rws724 157 12 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 157 13 parental parental JJ cord-335582-30rws724 157 14 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 157 15 attainment attainment NN cord-335582-30rws724 157 16 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 157 17 as as IN cord-335582-30rws724 157 18 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 157 19 key key JJ cord-335582-30rws724 157 20 variable variable NN cord-335582-30rws724 157 21 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 157 22 social social JJ cord-335582-30rws724 157 23 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 157 24 cultural cultural JJ cord-335582-30rws724 157 25 differentiation differentiation NN cord-335582-30rws724 157 26 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 157 27 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 157 28 as as IN cord-335582-30rws724 157 29 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 157 30 reliable reliable JJ cord-335582-30rws724 157 31 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 157 32 accurate accurate JJ cord-335582-30rws724 157 33 source source NN cord-335582-30rws724 157 34 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 157 35 census census NN cord-335582-30rws724 157 36 data datum NNS cord-335582-30rws724 157 37 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 158 1 Table table NN cord-335582-30rws724 158 2 1 1 CD cord-335582-30rws724 158 3 shows show VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 158 4 both both CC cord-335582-30rws724 158 5 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 158 6 weighted weighted JJ cord-335582-30rws724 158 7 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 158 8 unweighted unweighted JJ cord-335582-30rws724 158 9 samples sample NNS cord-335582-30rws724 158 10 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 159 1 Of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 159 2 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 159 3 survey survey NN cord-335582-30rws724 159 4 respondents respondent NNS cord-335582-30rws724 159 5 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 159 6 86 86 CD cord-335582-30rws724 159 7 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 159 8 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 159 9 female female JJ cord-335582-30rws724 159 10 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 159 11 89.3 89.3 CD cord-335582-30rws724 159 12 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 159 13 lived live VBD cord-335582-30rws724 159 14 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 159 15 heterosexual heterosexual JJ cord-335582-30rws724 159 16 biparental biparental JJ cord-335582-30rws724 159 17 households household NNS cord-335582-30rws724 159 18 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 159 19 9.6 9.6 CD cord-335582-30rws724 159 20 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 159 21 lived live VBD cord-335582-30rws724 159 22 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 159 23 single single JJ cord-335582-30rws724 159 24 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 159 25 parent parent NN cord-335582-30rws724 159 26 households household NNS cord-335582-30rws724 159 27 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 159 28 1.1 1.1 CD cord-335582-30rws724 159 29 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 159 30 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 159 31 part part NN cord-335582-30rws724 159 32 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 159 33 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 159 34 same same JJ cord-335582-30rws724 159 35 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 159 36 sex sex NN cord-335582-30rws724 159 37 couple couple NN cord-335582-30rws724 159 38 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 160 1 More More JJR cord-335582-30rws724 160 2 than than IN cord-335582-30rws724 160 3 half half NN cord-335582-30rws724 160 4 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 160 5 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 160 6 households household NNS cord-335582-30rws724 160 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 160 8 53 53 CD cord-335582-30rws724 160 9 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 160 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 160 11 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 160 12 composed compose VBN cord-335582-30rws724 160 13 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 160 14 four four CD cord-335582-30rws724 160 15 members member NNS cord-335582-30rws724 160 16 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 160 17 three three CD cord-335582-30rws724 160 18 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 160 19 member member NN cord-335582-30rws724 160 20 households household NNS cord-335582-30rws724 160 21 represented represent VBD cord-335582-30rws724 160 22 27 27 CD cord-335582-30rws724 160 23 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 160 24 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 160 25 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 160 26 sample sample NN cord-335582-30rws724 160 27 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 160 28 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 160 29 16 16 CD cord-335582-30rws724 160 30 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 160 31 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 160 32 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 160 33 households household NNS cord-335582-30rws724 160 34 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 160 35 five five CD cord-335582-30rws724 160 36 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 160 37 more more JJR cord-335582-30rws724 160 38 members member NNS cord-335582-30rws724 160 39 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 161 1 Sample sample NN cord-335582-30rws724 161 2 distribution distribution NN cord-335582-30rws724 161 3 according accord VBG cord-335582-30rws724 161 4 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 161 5 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 161 6 variables variable NNS cord-335582-30rws724 161 7 accurately accurately RB cord-335582-30rws724 161 8 reflects reflect VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 161 9 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 161 10 distribution distribution NN cord-335582-30rws724 161 11 between between IN cord-335582-30rws724 161 12 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 161 13 public public JJ cord-335582-30rws724 161 14 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 161 15 private private JJ cord-335582-30rws724 161 16 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 161 17 sectors sector NNS cord-335582-30rws724 161 18 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 162 1 8 8 CD cord-335582-30rws724 163 1 In in IN cord-335582-30rws724 163 2 Catalonia Catalonia NNP cord-335582-30rws724 163 3 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 163 4 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 163 5 proportion proportion NN cord-335582-30rws724 163 6 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 163 7 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 163 8 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 163 9 compulsory compulsory JJ cord-335582-30rws724 163 10 schooling schooling NN cord-335582-30rws724 163 11 who who WP cord-335582-30rws724 163 12 attend attend VBP cord-335582-30rws724 163 13 public public JJ cord-335582-30rws724 163 14 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 163 15 is be VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 163 16 68 68 CD cord-335582-30rws724 163 17 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 163 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 163 19 this this DT cord-335582-30rws724 163 20 was be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 163 21 69.9 69.9 CD cord-335582-30rws724 163 22 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 163 23 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 163 24 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 163 25 sample sample NN cord-335582-30rws724 163 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 163 27 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 163 28 while while IN cord-335582-30rws724 163 29 29 29 CD cord-335582-30rws724 163 30 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 163 31 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 163 32 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 163 33 attend attend VBP cord-335582-30rws724 163 34 private private JJ cord-335582-30rws724 163 35 subsidised subsidised JJ cord-335582-30rws724 163 36 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 163 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 163 38 27.5 27.5 CD cord-335582-30rws724 163 39 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 163 40 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 163 41 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 163 42 sample sample NN cord-335582-30rws724 163 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 163 44 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 163 45 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 163 46 only only RB cord-335582-30rws724 163 47 2 2 CD cord-335582-30rws724 163 48 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 163 49 are be VBP cord-335582-30rws724 163 50 enrolled enrol VBN cord-335582-30rws724 163 51 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 163 52 private private JJ cord-335582-30rws724 163 53 independent independent JJ cord-335582-30rws724 163 54 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 163 55 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 163 56 2.6 2.6 CD cord-335582-30rws724 163 57 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 163 58 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 163 59 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 163 60 sample sample NN cord-335582-30rws724 163 61 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 163 62 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 164 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 164 2 sample sample NN cord-335582-30rws724 164 3 was be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 164 4 also also RB cord-335582-30rws724 164 5 well well RB cord-335582-30rws724 164 6 balanced balanced JJ cord-335582-30rws724 164 7 regarding regard VBG cord-335582-30rws724 164 8 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 164 9 's 's POS cord-335582-30rws724 164 10 ages age NNS cord-335582-30rws724 164 11 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 164 12 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 164 13 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 164 14 slight slight JJ cord-335582-30rws724 164 15 over over IN cord-335582-30rws724 164 16 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 164 17 representation representation NN cord-335582-30rws724 164 18 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 164 19 younger young JJR cord-335582-30rws724 164 20 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 164 21 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 165 1 9 9 CD cord-335582-30rws724 166 1 For for IN cord-335582-30rws724 166 2 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 166 3 data data NN cord-335582-30rws724 166 4 analysis analysis NN cord-335582-30rws724 166 5 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 166 6 we -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 166 7 split split VBD cord-335582-30rws724 166 8 information information NN cord-335582-30rws724 166 9 across across IN cord-335582-30rws724 166 10 three three CD cord-335582-30rws724 166 11 databases database NNS cord-335582-30rws724 166 12 according accord VBG cord-335582-30rws724 166 13 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 166 14 different different JJ cord-335582-30rws724 166 15 units unit NNS cord-335582-30rws724 166 16 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 166 17 analysis analysis NN cord-335582-30rws724 166 18 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 167 1 First first RB cord-335582-30rws724 167 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 167 3 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 167 4 " " `` cord-335582-30rws724 167 5 household household NN cord-335582-30rws724 167 6 database database NN cord-335582-30rws724 167 7 " " '' cord-335582-30rws724 167 8 included include VBD cord-335582-30rws724 167 9 information information NN cord-335582-30rws724 167 10 about about IN cord-335582-30rws724 167 11 family family NN cord-335582-30rws724 167 12 members member NNS cord-335582-30rws724 167 13 living live VBG cord-335582-30rws724 167 14 together together RB cord-335582-30rws724 167 15 during during IN cord-335582-30rws724 167 16 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 167 17 confinement confinement NN cord-335582-30rws724 167 18 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 168 1 Second second RB cord-335582-30rws724 168 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 168 3 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 168 4 " " `` cord-335582-30rws724 168 5 student student NN cord-335582-30rws724 168 6 database database NN cord-335582-30rws724 168 7 " " '' cord-335582-30rws724 168 8 collected collect VBD cord-335582-30rws724 168 9 information information NN cord-335582-30rws724 168 10 about about IN cord-335582-30rws724 168 11 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 168 12 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 168 13 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 168 14 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 168 15 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 168 16 aged age VBN cord-335582-30rws724 168 17 between between IN cord-335582-30rws724 168 18 3 3 CD cord-335582-30rws724 168 19 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 168 20 18 18 CD cord-335582-30rws724 168 21 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 169 1 Third third RB cord-335582-30rws724 169 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 169 3 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 169 4 " " `` cord-335582-30rws724 169 5 after after IN cord-335582-30rws724 169 6 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 169 7 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 169 8 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 169 9 database database NN cord-335582-30rws724 169 10 " " '' cord-335582-30rws724 169 11 contained contain VBD cord-335582-30rws724 169 12 information information NN cord-335582-30rws724 169 13 about about IN cord-335582-30rws724 169 14 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 169 15 extracurricular extracurricular JJ cord-335582-30rws724 169 16 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 169 17 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 169 18 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 169 19 involved involve VBN cord-335582-30rws724 169 20 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 169 21 before before RB cord-335582-30rws724 169 22 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 169 23 after after IN cord-335582-30rws724 169 24 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 169 25 lockdown lockdown NN cord-335582-30rws724 169 26 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 170 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 170 2 also also RB cord-335582-30rws724 170 3 constructed construct VBD cord-335582-30rws724 170 4 some some DT cord-335582-30rws724 170 5 subsamples subsample NNS cord-335582-30rws724 170 6 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 170 7 carry carry VB cord-335582-30rws724 170 8 out out RP cord-335582-30rws724 170 9 specific specific JJ cord-335582-30rws724 170 10 analyses analysis NNS cord-335582-30rws724 170 11 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 171 1 In in IN cord-335582-30rws724 171 2 this this DT cord-335582-30rws724 171 3 article article NN cord-335582-30rws724 171 4 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 171 5 we -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 171 6 present present VBP cord-335582-30rws724 171 7 some some DT cord-335582-30rws724 171 8 data datum NNS cord-335582-30rws724 171 9 based base VBN cord-335582-30rws724 171 10 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 171 11 subsamples subsample NNS cord-335582-30rws724 171 12 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 171 13 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 171 14 's 's POS cord-335582-30rws724 171 15 age age NN cord-335582-30rws724 171 16 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 171 17 educational educational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 171 18 level level NN cord-335582-30rws724 171 19 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 172 1 In in IN cord-335582-30rws724 172 2 this this DT cord-335582-30rws724 172 3 section section NN cord-335582-30rws724 172 4 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 172 5 we -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 172 6 present present VBP cord-335582-30rws724 172 7 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 172 8 discuss discuss VB cord-335582-30rws724 172 9 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 172 10 data datum NNS cord-335582-30rws724 172 11 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 172 12 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 172 13 survey survey NN cord-335582-30rws724 172 14 regarding regard VBG cord-335582-30rws724 172 15 social social JJ cord-335582-30rws724 172 16 differences difference NNS cord-335582-30rws724 172 17 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 172 18 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 172 19 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 172 20 conditions condition NNS cord-335582-30rws724 172 21 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 172 22 Catalan catalan JJ cord-335582-30rws724 172 23 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 172 24 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 172 25 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 172 26 impact impact NN cord-335582-30rws724 172 27 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 172 28 these these DT cord-335582-30rws724 172 29 conditions condition NNS cord-335582-30rws724 172 30 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 172 31 learning learn VBG cord-335582-30rws724 172 32 opportunities opportunity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 172 33 during during IN cord-335582-30rws724 172 34 lockdown lockdown NN cord-335582-30rws724 172 35 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 173 1 Inequalities inequality NNS cord-335582-30rws724 173 2 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 173 3 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 173 4 ' ' POS cord-335582-30rws724 173 5 economic economic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 173 6 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 173 7 social social JJ cord-335582-30rws724 173 8 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 173 9 cultural cultural JJ cord-335582-30rws724 173 10 capital capital NN cord-335582-30rws724 173 11 impacted impact VBD cord-335582-30rws724 173 12 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 173 13 student student NN cord-335582-30rws724 173 14 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 173 15 opportunities opportunity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 173 16 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 173 17 different different JJ cord-335582-30rws724 173 18 means mean NNS cord-335582-30rws724 173 19 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 173 20 including include VBG cord-335582-30rws724 173 21 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 173 22 responses response NNS cord-335582-30rws724 173 23 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 173 24 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 173 25 lockdown lockdown NN cord-335582-30rws724 173 26 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 173 27 access access NN cord-335582-30rws724 173 28 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 173 29 digital digital JJ cord-335582-30rws724 173 30 facilities facility NNS cord-335582-30rws724 173 31 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 173 32 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 173 33 level level NN cord-335582-30rws724 173 34 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 173 35 parental parental JJ cord-335582-30rws724 173 36 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 173 37 support support NN cord-335582-30rws724 173 38 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 174 1 This this DT cord-335582-30rws724 174 2 section section NN cord-335582-30rws724 174 3 reviews review VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 174 4 how how WRB cord-335582-30rws724 174 5 these these DT cord-335582-30rws724 174 6 factors factor NNS cord-335582-30rws724 174 7 are be VBP cord-335582-30rws724 174 8 drivers driver NNS cord-335582-30rws724 174 9 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 174 10 inequalities inequality NNS cord-335582-30rws724 174 11 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 174 12 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 174 13 three three CD cord-335582-30rws724 174 14 domains domain NNS cord-335582-30rws724 174 15 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 174 16 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 174 17 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 174 18 formal formal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 174 19 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 174 20 non non JJ cord-335582-30rws724 174 21 - - JJ cord-335582-30rws724 174 22 formal formal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 174 23 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 174 24 informal informal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 174 25 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 175 1 Learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 175 2 conditions condition NNS cord-335582-30rws724 175 3 at at IN cord-335582-30rws724 175 4 home home NN cord-335582-30rws724 175 5 differ differ VBP cord-335582-30rws724 175 6 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 175 7 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 175 8 basis basis NN cord-335582-30rws724 175 9 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 175 10 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 175 11 number number NN cord-335582-30rws724 175 12 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 175 13 variables variable NNS cord-335582-30rws724 175 14 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 176 1 For for IN cord-335582-30rws724 176 2 example example NN cord-335582-30rws724 176 3 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 176 4 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 176 5 amount amount NN cord-335582-30rws724 176 6 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 176 7 physical physical JJ cord-335582-30rws724 176 8 space space NN cord-335582-30rws724 176 9 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 176 10 access access NN cord-335582-30rws724 176 11 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 176 12 technological technological JJ cord-335582-30rws724 176 13 devices device NNS cord-335582-30rws724 176 14 both both DT cord-335582-30rws724 176 15 have have VBP cord-335582-30rws724 176 16 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 176 17 impact impact NN cord-335582-30rws724 176 18 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 176 19 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 176 20 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 176 21 conditions condition NNS cord-335582-30rws724 176 22 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 176 23 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 176 24 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 177 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 177 2 survey survey NN cord-335582-30rws724 177 3 included include VBD cord-335582-30rws724 177 4 questions question NNS cord-335582-30rws724 177 5 about about IN cord-335582-30rws724 177 6 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 177 7 size size NN cord-335582-30rws724 177 8 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 177 9 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 177 10 household household NN cord-335582-30rws724 177 11 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 177 12 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 177 13 outdoor outdoor JJ cord-335582-30rws724 177 14 spaces space NNS cord-335582-30rws724 177 15 available available JJ cord-335582-30rws724 177 16 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 177 17 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 177 18 serve serve VB cord-335582-30rws724 177 19 as as IN cord-335582-30rws724 177 20 indicators indicator NNS cord-335582-30rws724 177 21 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 177 22 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 177 23 physical physical JJ cord-335582-30rws724 177 24 conditions condition NNS cord-335582-30rws724 177 25 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 177 26 confinement confinement NN cord-335582-30rws724 177 27 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 178 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 178 2 responses response NNS cord-335582-30rws724 178 3 showed show VBD cord-335582-30rws724 178 4 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 178 5 most most JJS cord-335582-30rws724 178 6 homes home NNS cord-335582-30rws724 178 7 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 178 8 confined confine VBN cord-335582-30rws724 178 9 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 178 10 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 178 11 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 178 12 balcony balcony NN cord-335582-30rws724 178 13 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 178 14 other other JJ cord-335582-30rws724 178 15 outdoor outdoor JJ cord-335582-30rws724 178 16 space space NN cord-335582-30rws724 178 17 / / SYM cord-335582-30rws724 178 18 s s NN cord-335582-30rws724 178 19 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 179 1 However however RB cord-335582-30rws724 179 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 179 3 there there EX cord-335582-30rws724 179 4 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 179 5 significant significant JJ cord-335582-30rws724 179 6 differences difference NNS cord-335582-30rws724 179 7 among among IN cord-335582-30rws724 179 8 residents resident NNS cord-335582-30rws724 179 9 depending depend VBG cord-335582-30rws724 179 10 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 179 11 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 179 12 size size NN cord-335582-30rws724 179 13 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 179 14 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 179 15 municipality municipality NN cord-335582-30rws724 179 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 179 17 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 179 18 living live VBG cord-335582-30rws724 179 19 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 179 20 cities city NNS cord-335582-30rws724 179 21 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 179 22 less less JJR cord-335582-30rws724 179 23 access access NN cord-335582-30rws724 179 24 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 179 25 outdoor outdoor JJ cord-335582-30rws724 179 26 spaces space NNS cord-335582-30rws724 179 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 179 28 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 179 29 other other JJ cord-335582-30rws724 179 30 social social JJ cord-335582-30rws724 179 31 indicators indicator NNS cord-335582-30rws724 179 32 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 179 33 such such JJ cord-335582-30rws724 179 34 as as IN cord-335582-30rws724 179 35 parental parental JJ cord-335582-30rws724 179 36 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 179 37 attainment attainment JJ cord-335582-30rws724 179 38 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 180 1 For for IN cord-335582-30rws724 180 2 instance instance NN cord-335582-30rws724 180 3 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 180 4 13 13 CD cord-335582-30rws724 180 5 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 180 6 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 180 7 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 180 8 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 180 9 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 180 10 adult adult NN cord-335582-30rws724 180 11 who who WP cord-335582-30rws724 180 12 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 180 13 completed complete VBN cord-335582-30rws724 180 14 compulsory compulsory JJ cord-335582-30rws724 180 15 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 180 16 did do VBD cord-335582-30rws724 180 17 not not RB cord-335582-30rws724 180 18 have have VB cord-335582-30rws724 180 19 outdoor outdoor JJ cord-335582-30rws724 180 20 spaces space NNS cord-335582-30rws724 180 21 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 180 22 while while IN cord-335582-30rws724 180 23 this this DT cord-335582-30rws724 180 24 was be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 180 25 only only RB cord-335582-30rws724 180 26 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 180 27 case case NN cord-335582-30rws724 180 28 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 180 29 4 4 CD cord-335582-30rws724 180 30 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 180 31 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 180 32 households household NNS cord-335582-30rws724 180 33 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 180 34 which which WDT cord-335582-30rws724 180 35 at at IN cord-335582-30rws724 180 36 least least RBS cord-335582-30rws724 180 37 one one CD cord-335582-30rws724 180 38 adult adult NN cord-335582-30rws724 180 39 held hold VBD cord-335582-30rws724 180 40 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 180 41 university university NN cord-335582-30rws724 180 42 degree degree NN cord-335582-30rws724 180 43 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 181 1 Likewise likewise RB cord-335582-30rws724 181 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 181 3 45 45 CD cord-335582-30rws724 181 4 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 181 5 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 181 6 households household NNS cord-335582-30rws724 181 7 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 181 8 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 181 9 poorest poor JJS cord-335582-30rws724 181 10 income income NN cord-335582-30rws724 181 11 quintile quintile NN cord-335582-30rws724 181 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 181 13 Q1 Q1 NNP cord-335582-30rws724 181 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 181 15 10 10 CD cord-335582-30rws724 181 16 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 181 17 less less JJR cord-335582-30rws724 181 18 than than IN cord-335582-30rws724 181 19 80 80 CD cord-335582-30rws724 181 20 square square JJ cord-335582-30rws724 181 21 metres metre NNS cord-335582-30rws724 181 22 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 181 23 space space NN cord-335582-30rws724 181 24 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 181 25 reducing reduce VBG cord-335582-30rws724 181 26 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 181 27 14 14 CD cord-335582-30rws724 181 28 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 181 29 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 181 30 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 181 31 case case NN cord-335582-30rws724 181 32 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 181 33 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 181 34 richest rich JJS cord-335582-30rws724 181 35 income income NN cord-335582-30rws724 181 36 quintile quintile NN cord-335582-30rws724 181 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 181 38 Q5 Q5 NNP cord-335582-30rws724 181 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 181 40 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 182 1 Students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 182 2 also also RB cord-335582-30rws724 182 3 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 182 4 different different JJ cord-335582-30rws724 182 5 internet internet NN cord-335582-30rws724 182 6 connectivity connectivity NN cord-335582-30rws724 182 7 conditions condition NNS cord-335582-30rws724 182 8 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 182 9 unequal unequal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 182 10 opportunities opportunity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 182 11 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 182 12 access access VB cord-335582-30rws724 182 13 technological technological JJ cord-335582-30rws724 182 14 devices device NNS cord-335582-30rws724 182 15 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 182 16 carry carry VB cord-335582-30rws724 182 17 out out RP cord-335582-30rws724 182 18 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 182 19 schoolwork schoolwork NN cord-335582-30rws724 182 20 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 183 1 Since since IN cord-335582-30rws724 183 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 183 3 could could MD cord-335582-30rws724 183 4 only only RB cord-335582-30rws724 183 5 implement implement VB cord-335582-30rws724 183 6 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 183 7 online online JJ cord-335582-30rws724 183 8 survey survey NN cord-335582-30rws724 183 9 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 183 10 we -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 183 11 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 183 12 unable unable JJ cord-335582-30rws724 183 13 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 183 14 grasp grasp VB cord-335582-30rws724 183 15 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 183 16 full full JJ cord-335582-30rws724 183 17 extent extent NN cord-335582-30rws724 183 18 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 183 19 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 183 20 actual actual JJ cord-335582-30rws724 183 21 digital digital JJ cord-335582-30rws724 183 22 divide divide NN cord-335582-30rws724 183 23 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 184 1 Data datum NNS cord-335582-30rws724 184 2 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 184 3 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 184 4 Catalan Catalan NNP cord-335582-30rws724 184 5 Department Department NNP cord-335582-30rws724 184 6 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 184 7 Education Education NNP cord-335582-30rws724 184 8 estimate estimate NN cord-335582-30rws724 184 9 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 184 10 there there EX cord-335582-30rws724 184 11 are be VBP cord-335582-30rws724 184 12 currently currently RB cord-335582-30rws724 184 13 approximately approximately RB cord-335582-30rws724 184 14 55,000 55,000 CD cord-335582-30rws724 184 15 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 184 16 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 184 17 without without IN cord-335582-30rws724 184 18 access access NN cord-335582-30rws724 184 19 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 184 20 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 184 21 internet internet NN cord-335582-30rws724 184 22 connection connection NN cord-335582-30rws724 184 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 184 24 Vallespín Vallespín NNP cord-335582-30rws724 184 25 2020 2020 CD cord-335582-30rws724 184 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 184 27 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 184 28 which which WDT cord-335582-30rws724 184 29 would would MD cord-335582-30rws724 184 30 situate situate VB cord-335582-30rws724 184 31 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 184 32 digital digital JJ cord-335582-30rws724 184 33 gap gap NN cord-335582-30rws724 184 34 at at IN cord-335582-30rws724 184 35 between between IN cord-335582-30rws724 184 36 10 10 CD cord-335582-30rws724 184 37 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 184 38 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 184 39 15 15 CD cord-335582-30rws724 184 40 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 184 41 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 184 42 all all DT cord-335582-30rws724 184 43 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 184 44 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 184 45 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 184 46 Catalan catalan JJ cord-335582-30rws724 184 47 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 184 48 system system NN cord-335582-30rws724 184 49 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 185 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 185 2 survey survey NN cord-335582-30rws724 185 3 revealed reveal VBD cord-335582-30rws724 185 4 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 185 5 3.5 3.5 CD cord-335582-30rws724 185 6 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 185 7 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 185 8 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 185 9 sample sample NN cord-335582-30rws724 185 10 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 185 11 only only RB cord-335582-30rws724 185 12 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 185 13 mobile mobile JJ cord-335582-30rws724 185 14 phone phone NN cord-335582-30rws724 185 15 internet internet NN cord-335582-30rws724 185 16 connection connection NN cord-335582-30rws724 185 17 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 185 18 no no DT cord-335582-30rws724 185 19 connection connection NN cord-335582-30rws724 185 20 at at RB cord-335582-30rws724 185 21 all all RB cord-335582-30rws724 185 22 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 186 1 Most Most JJS cord-335582-30rws724 186 2 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 186 3 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 186 4 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 186 5 survey survey NN cord-335582-30rws724 186 6 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 186 7 access access NN cord-335582-30rws724 186 8 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 186 9 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 186 10 high high JJ cord-335582-30rws724 186 11 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 186 12 speed speed NN cord-335582-30rws724 186 13 internet internet NN cord-335582-30rws724 186 14 connection connection NN cord-335582-30rws724 186 15 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 187 1 However however RB cord-335582-30rws724 187 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 187 3 there there EX cord-335582-30rws724 187 4 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 187 5 important important JJ cord-335582-30rws724 187 6 differences difference NNS cord-335582-30rws724 187 7 regarding regard VBG cord-335582-30rws724 187 8 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 187 9 " " `` cord-335582-30rws724 187 10 possibilities possibility NNS cord-335582-30rws724 187 11 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 187 12 use use NN cord-335582-30rws724 187 13 " " '' cord-335582-30rws724 187 14 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 187 15 technology technology NN cord-335582-30rws724 187 16 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 188 1 For for IN cord-335582-30rws724 188 2 example example NN cord-335582-30rws724 188 3 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 188 4 15.3 15.3 CD cord-335582-30rws724 188 5 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 188 6 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 188 7 respondents respondent NNS cord-335582-30rws724 188 8 declared declare VBD cord-335582-30rws724 188 9 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 188 10 they -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 188 11 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 188 12 access access NN cord-335582-30rws724 188 13 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 188 14 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 188 15 single single JJ cord-335582-30rws724 188 16 device device NN cord-335582-30rws724 188 17 at at IN cord-335582-30rws724 188 18 home home NN cord-335582-30rws724 188 19 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 188 20 only only RB cord-335582-30rws724 188 21 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 188 22 access access NN cord-335582-30rws724 188 23 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 188 24 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 188 25 mobile mobile JJ cord-335582-30rws724 188 26 phone phone NN cord-335582-30rws724 188 27 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 189 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 189 2 calculated calculate VBD cord-335582-30rws724 189 3 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 189 4 number number NN cord-335582-30rws724 189 5 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 189 6 devices device NNS cord-335582-30rws724 189 7 per per IN cord-335582-30rws724 189 8 person person NN cord-335582-30rws724 189 9 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 189 10 found find VBD cord-335582-30rws724 189 11 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 189 12 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 189 13 56 56 CD cord-335582-30rws724 189 14 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 189 15 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 189 16 cases case NNS cord-335582-30rws724 189 17 there there EX cord-335582-30rws724 189 18 was be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 189 19 less less JJR cord-335582-30rws724 189 20 than than IN cord-335582-30rws724 189 21 one one CD cord-335582-30rws724 189 22 device device NN cord-335582-30rws724 189 23 per per IN cord-335582-30rws724 189 24 person person NN cord-335582-30rws724 189 25 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 190 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 190 2 digital digital JJ cord-335582-30rws724 190 3 divide divide NN cord-335582-30rws724 190 4 can can MD cord-335582-30rws724 190 5 also also RB cord-335582-30rws724 190 6 be be VB cord-335582-30rws724 190 7 expressed express VBN cord-335582-30rws724 190 8 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 190 9 terms term NNS cord-335582-30rws724 190 10 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 190 11 access access NN cord-335582-30rws724 190 12 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 190 13 devices device NNS cord-335582-30rws724 190 14 based base VBN cord-335582-30rws724 190 15 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 190 16 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 190 17 composition composition NN cord-335582-30rws724 190 18 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 190 19 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 190 20 household household NN cord-335582-30rws724 190 21 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 191 1 In in IN cord-335582-30rws724 191 2 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 191 3 survey survey NN cord-335582-30rws724 191 4 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 191 5 12 12 CD cord-335582-30rws724 191 6 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 191 7 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 191 8 households household NNS cord-335582-30rws724 191 9 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 191 10 two two CD cord-335582-30rws724 191 11 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 191 12 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 191 13 only only RB cord-335582-30rws724 191 14 one one CD cord-335582-30rws724 191 15 device device NN cord-335582-30rws724 191 16 available available JJ cord-335582-30rws724 191 17 ; ; : cord-335582-30rws724 191 18 32 32 CD cord-335582-30rws724 191 19 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 191 20 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 191 21 households household NNS cord-335582-30rws724 191 22 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 191 23 three three CD cord-335582-30rws724 191 24 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 191 25 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 191 26 two two CD cord-335582-30rws724 191 27 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 191 28 fewer few JJR cord-335582-30rws724 191 29 devices device NNS cord-335582-30rws724 191 30 available available JJ cord-335582-30rws724 191 31 ; ; : cord-335582-30rws724 191 32 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 191 33 48 48 CD cord-335582-30rws724 191 34 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 191 35 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 191 36 households household NNS cord-335582-30rws724 191 37 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 191 38 three three CD cord-335582-30rws724 191 39 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 191 40 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 191 41 three three CD cord-335582-30rws724 191 42 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 191 43 fewer few JJR cord-335582-30rws724 191 44 devices device NNS cord-335582-30rws724 191 45 available available JJ cord-335582-30rws724 191 46 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 192 1 Access access NN cord-335582-30rws724 192 2 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 192 3 technology technology NN cord-335582-30rws724 192 4 depends depend VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 192 5 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 192 6 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 192 7 level level NN cord-335582-30rws724 192 8 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 192 9 family family NN cord-335582-30rws724 192 10 income income NN cord-335582-30rws724 192 11 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 193 1 While while IN cord-335582-30rws724 193 2 25 25 CD cord-335582-30rws724 193 3 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 193 4 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 193 5 surveyed survey VBN cord-335582-30rws724 193 6 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 193 7 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 193 8 Q1 Q1 NNP cord-335582-30rws724 193 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 193 10 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 193 11 lowest low JJS cord-335582-30rws724 193 12 income income NN cord-335582-30rws724 193 13 quintile quintile NN cord-335582-30rws724 193 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 193 15 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 193 16 access access NN cord-335582-30rws724 193 17 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 193 18 only only RB cord-335582-30rws724 193 19 one one CD cord-335582-30rws724 193 20 digital digital JJ cord-335582-30rws724 193 21 device device NN cord-335582-30rws724 193 22 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 193 23 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 193 24 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 193 25 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 193 26 Q5 Q5 NNP cord-335582-30rws724 193 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 193 28 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 193 29 highest high JJS cord-335582-30rws724 193 30 quintile quintile NN cord-335582-30rws724 193 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 193 32 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 193 33 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 193 34 corresponding corresponding JJ cord-335582-30rws724 193 35 figure figure NN cord-335582-30rws724 193 36 was be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 193 37 only only RB cord-335582-30rws724 193 38 4 4 CD cord-335582-30rws724 193 39 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 193 40 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 194 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-335582-30rws724 194 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 194 3 while while IN cord-335582-30rws724 194 4 20 20 CD cord-335582-30rws724 194 5 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 194 6 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 194 7 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 194 8 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 194 9 Q1 Q1 NNP cord-335582-30rws724 194 10 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 194 11 access access NN cord-335582-30rws724 194 12 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 194 13 four four CD cord-335582-30rws724 194 14 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 194 15 more more JJR cord-335582-30rws724 194 16 devices device NNS cord-335582-30rws724 194 17 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 194 18 this this DT cord-335582-30rws724 194 19 applied apply VBD cord-335582-30rws724 194 20 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 194 21 54 54 CD cord-335582-30rws724 194 22 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 194 23 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 194 24 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 194 25 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 194 26 Q5 Q5 NNP cord-335582-30rws724 194 27 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 195 1 Taking take VBG cord-335582-30rws724 195 2 into into IN cord-335582-30rws724 195 3 account account NN cord-335582-30rws724 195 4 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 195 5 size size NN cord-335582-30rws724 195 6 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 195 7 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 195 8 household household NN cord-335582-30rws724 195 9 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 195 10 71 71 CD cord-335582-30rws724 195 11 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 195 12 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 195 13 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 195 14 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 195 15 Q1 Q1 NNP cord-335582-30rws724 195 16 did do VBD cord-335582-30rws724 195 17 not not RB cord-335582-30rws724 195 18 have have VB cord-335582-30rws724 195 19 access access NN cord-335582-30rws724 195 20 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 195 21 one one CD cord-335582-30rws724 195 22 device device NN cord-335582-30rws724 195 23 per per IN cord-335582-30rws724 195 24 person person NN cord-335582-30rws724 195 25 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 196 1 Among among IN cord-335582-30rws724 196 2 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 196 3 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 196 4 Q5 Q5 NNP cord-335582-30rws724 196 5 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 196 6 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 196 7 number number NN cord-335582-30rws724 196 8 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 196 9 households household NNS cord-335582-30rws724 196 10 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 196 11 less less JJR cord-335582-30rws724 196 12 than than IN cord-335582-30rws724 196 13 one one CD cord-335582-30rws724 196 14 device device NN cord-335582-30rws724 196 15 per per IN cord-335582-30rws724 196 16 person person NN cord-335582-30rws724 196 17 reduced reduce VBN cord-335582-30rws724 196 18 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 196 19 37 37 CD cord-335582-30rws724 196 20 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 196 21 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 197 1 Figure figure NN cord-335582-30rws724 197 2 1 1 CD cord-335582-30rws724 197 3 shows show VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 197 4 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 197 5 proportion proportion NN cord-335582-30rws724 197 6 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 197 7 households household NNS cord-335582-30rws724 197 8 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 197 9 each each DT cord-335582-30rws724 197 10 income income NN cord-335582-30rws724 197 11 quintile quintile NN cord-335582-30rws724 197 12 that that WDT cord-335582-30rws724 197 13 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 197 14 access access NN cord-335582-30rws724 197 15 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 197 16 one one CD cord-335582-30rws724 197 17 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 197 18 more more JJR cord-335582-30rws724 197 19 device device NN cord-335582-30rws724 197 20 per per IN cord-335582-30rws724 197 21 person person NN cord-335582-30rws724 197 22 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 198 1 Differences difference NNS cord-335582-30rws724 198 2 are be VBP cord-335582-30rws724 198 3 sorted sort VBN cord-335582-30rws724 198 4 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 198 5 income income NN cord-335582-30rws724 198 6 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 198 7 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 198 8 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 198 9 inequality inequality NN cord-335582-30rws724 198 10 factor factor NN cord-335582-30rws724 198 11 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 198 12 2.5 2.5 CD cord-335582-30rws724 198 13 between between IN cord-335582-30rws724 198 14 Q5 Q5 NNP cord-335582-30rws724 198 15 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 198 16 Q1 Q1 NNP cord-335582-30rws724 198 17 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 199 1 In in IN cord-335582-30rws724 199 2 addition addition NN cord-335582-30rws724 199 3 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 199 4 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 199 5 unequal unequal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 199 6 impact impact NN cord-335582-30rws724 199 7 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 199 8 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 199 9 crisis crisis NN cord-335582-30rws724 199 10 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 199 11 parents parent NNS cord-335582-30rws724 199 12 ' ' POS cord-335582-30rws724 199 13 working working NN cord-335582-30rws724 199 14 situation situation NN cord-335582-30rws724 199 15 also also RB cord-335582-30rws724 199 16 altered alter VBD cord-335582-30rws724 199 17 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 199 18 social social JJ cord-335582-30rws724 199 19 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 199 20 psychological psychological JJ cord-335582-30rws724 199 21 conditions condition NNS cord-335582-30rws724 199 22 that that WDT cord-335582-30rws724 199 23 ensured ensure VBD cord-335582-30rws724 199 24 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 199 25 adequate adequate JJ cord-335582-30rws724 199 26 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 199 27 process process NN cord-335582-30rws724 199 28 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 200 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 200 2 survey survey NN cord-335582-30rws724 200 3 revealed reveal VBD cord-335582-30rws724 200 4 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 200 5 before before IN cord-335582-30rws724 200 6 lockdown lockdown NN cord-335582-30rws724 200 7 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 200 8 13 13 CD cord-335582-30rws724 200 9 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 200 10 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 200 11 adults adult NNS cord-335582-30rws724 200 12 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 200 13 unemployed unemployed JJ cord-335582-30rws724 200 14 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 200 15 while while IN cord-335582-30rws724 200 16 80 80 CD cord-335582-30rws724 200 17 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 200 18 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 200 19 working work VBG cord-335582-30rws724 200 20 full full JJ cord-335582-30rws724 200 21 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 200 22 time time NN cord-335582-30rws724 200 23 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 201 1 When when WRB cord-335582-30rws724 201 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 201 3 asked ask VBD cord-335582-30rws724 201 4 about about IN cord-335582-30rws724 201 5 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 201 6 impact impact NN cord-335582-30rws724 201 7 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 201 8 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 201 9 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-335582-30rws724 201 10 crisis crisis NN cord-335582-30rws724 201 11 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 201 12 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 201 13 working work VBG cord-335582-30rws724 201 14 situation situation NN cord-335582-30rws724 201 15 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 201 16 these these DT cord-335582-30rws724 201 17 figures figure NNS cord-335582-30rws724 201 18 changed change VBD cord-335582-30rws724 201 19 dramatically dramatically RB cord-335582-30rws724 201 20 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 201 21 23 23 CD cord-335582-30rws724 201 22 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 201 23 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 201 24 respondents respondent NNS cord-335582-30rws724 201 25 indicated indicate VBD cord-335582-30rws724 201 26 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 201 27 they -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 201 28 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 201 29 lost lose VBN cord-335582-30rws724 201 30 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 201 31 job job NN cord-335582-30rws724 201 32 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 202 1 Of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 202 2 those those DT cord-335582-30rws724 202 3 who who WP cord-335582-30rws724 202 4 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 202 5 still still RB cord-335582-30rws724 202 6 working work VBG cord-335582-30rws724 202 7 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 202 8 only only RB cord-335582-30rws724 202 9 21.5 21.5 CD cord-335582-30rws724 202 10 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 202 11 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 202 12 able able JJ cord-335582-30rws724 202 13 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 202 14 go go VB cord-335582-30rws724 202 15 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 202 16 work work NN cord-335582-30rws724 202 17 " " `` cord-335582-30rws724 202 18 normally normally RB cord-335582-30rws724 202 19 " " '' cord-335582-30rws724 202 20 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 203 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 203 2 rest rest NN cord-335582-30rws724 203 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 203 4 39 39 CD cord-335582-30rws724 203 5 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 203 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 203 7 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 203 8 working work VBG cord-335582-30rws724 203 9 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 203 10 home home NN cord-335582-30rws724 203 11 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 203 12 either either CC cord-335582-30rws724 203 13 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 203 14 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 203 15 same same JJ cord-335582-30rws724 203 16 schedule schedule NN cord-335582-30rws724 203 17 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 203 18 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 203 19 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 203 20 more more RBR cord-335582-30rws724 203 21 flexible flexible JJ cord-335582-30rws724 203 22 schedule schedule NN cord-335582-30rws724 203 23 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 204 1 Of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 204 2 those those DT cord-335582-30rws724 204 3 still still RB cord-335582-30rws724 204 4 working work VBG cord-335582-30rws724 204 5 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 204 6 17 17 CD cord-335582-30rws724 204 7 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 204 8 considered consider VBD cord-335582-30rws724 204 9 it -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 204 10 likely likely JJ cord-335582-30rws724 204 11 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 204 12 they -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 204 13 would would MD cord-335582-30rws724 204 14 lose lose VB cord-335582-30rws724 204 15 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 204 16 job job NN cord-335582-30rws724 204 17 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 205 1 Of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 205 2 those those DT cord-335582-30rws724 205 3 who who WP cord-335582-30rws724 205 4 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 205 5 already already RB cord-335582-30rws724 205 6 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 205 7 became become VBD cord-335582-30rws724 205 8 unemployed unemployed JJ cord-335582-30rws724 205 9 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 205 10 50 50 CD cord-335582-30rws724 205 11 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 205 12 knew know VBD cord-335582-30rws724 205 13 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 205 14 they -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 205 15 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 205 16 entitled entitle VBN cord-335582-30rws724 205 17 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 205 18 unemployment unemployment NN cord-335582-30rws724 205 19 benefits benefit NNS cord-335582-30rws724 205 20 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 205 21 while while IN cord-335582-30rws724 205 22 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 205 23 other other JJ cord-335582-30rws724 205 24 50 50 CD cord-335582-30rws724 205 25 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 205 26 either either CC cord-335582-30rws724 205 27 knew know VBD cord-335582-30rws724 205 28 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 205 29 they -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 205 30 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 205 31 not not RB cord-335582-30rws724 205 32 entitled entitle VBN cord-335582-30rws724 205 33 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 205 34 did do VBD cord-335582-30rws724 205 35 not not RB cord-335582-30rws724 205 36 know know VB cord-335582-30rws724 205 37 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 205 38 _SP cord-335582-30rws724 206 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 206 2 survey survey NN cord-335582-30rws724 206 3 included include VBD cord-335582-30rws724 206 4 questions question NNS cord-335582-30rws724 206 5 regarding regard VBG cord-335582-30rws724 206 6 how how WRB cord-335582-30rws724 206 7 much much JJ cord-335582-30rws724 206 8 time time NN cord-335582-30rws724 206 9 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 206 10 invested invest VBN cord-335582-30rws724 206 11 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 206 12 schoolwork schoolwork NN cord-335582-30rws724 206 13 every every DT cord-335582-30rws724 206 14 day day NN cord-335582-30rws724 206 15 since since IN cord-335582-30rws724 206 16 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 206 17 beginning beginning NN cord-335582-30rws724 206 18 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 206 19 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 206 20 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 206 21 lockdown lockdown NN cord-335582-30rws724 206 22 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 206 23 how how WRB cord-335582-30rws724 206 24 frequent frequent JJ cord-335582-30rws724 206 25 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 206 26 contact contact NN cord-335582-30rws724 206 27 was be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 206 28 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 206 29 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 206 30 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 206 31 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 206 32 teacher teacher NN cord-335582-30rws724 206 33 / / SYM cord-335582-30rws724 206 34 s s NN cord-335582-30rws724 206 35 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 206 36 how how WRB cord-335582-30rws724 206 37 often often RB cord-335582-30rws724 206 38 they -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 206 39 received receive VBD cord-335582-30rws724 206 40 online online JJ cord-335582-30rws724 206 41 teaching teaching NN cord-335582-30rws724 206 42 lessons lesson NNS cord-335582-30rws724 206 43 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 206 44 whether whether IN cord-335582-30rws724 206 45 they -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 206 46 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 206 47 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 206 48 complete complete VB cord-335582-30rws724 206 49 specific specific JJ cord-335582-30rws724 206 50 homework homework NN cord-335582-30rws724 206 51 tasks task NNS cord-335582-30rws724 206 52 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 206 53 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 206 54 how how WRB cord-335582-30rws724 206 55 often often RB cord-335582-30rws724 206 56 these these DT cord-335582-30rws724 206 57 tasks task NNS cord-335582-30rws724 206 58 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 206 59 reviewed review VBN cord-335582-30rws724 206 60 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 206 61 returned return VBN cord-335582-30rws724 206 62 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 206 63 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 206 64 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 207 1 Taking take VBG cord-335582-30rws724 207 2 into into IN cord-335582-30rws724 207 3 account account NN cord-335582-30rws724 207 4 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 207 5 intensity intensity NN cord-335582-30rws724 207 6 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 207 7 all all PDT cord-335582-30rws724 207 8 these these DT cord-335582-30rws724 207 9 tasks task NNS cord-335582-30rws724 207 10 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 207 11 we -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 207 12 composed compose VBD cord-335582-30rws724 207 13 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 207 14 index index NN cord-335582-30rws724 207 15 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 207 16 opportunities opportunity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 207 17 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 207 18 learn learn VB cord-335582-30rws724 207 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 207 20 OTL OTL NNP cord-335582-30rws724 207 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 207 22 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 208 1 To to TO cord-335582-30rws724 208 2 compose compose VB cord-335582-30rws724 208 3 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 208 4 index index NN cord-335582-30rws724 208 5 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 208 6 which which WDT cord-335582-30rws724 208 7 ranged range VBD cord-335582-30rws724 208 8 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 208 9 0 0 CD cord-335582-30rws724 208 10 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 208 11 100 100 CD cord-335582-30rws724 208 12 points point NNS cord-335582-30rws724 208 13 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 208 14 we -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 208 15 normalised normalise VBD cord-335582-30rws724 208 16 indicators indicator NNS cord-335582-30rws724 208 17 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 208 18 aggregated aggregate VBN cord-335582-30rws724 208 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 208 20 combined combined JJ cord-335582-30rws724 208 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 208 22 frequencies frequency NNS cord-335582-30rws724 208 23 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 209 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 209 2 only only RB cord-335582-30rws724 209 3 used use VBD cord-335582-30rws724 209 4 this this DT cord-335582-30rws724 209 5 index index NN cord-335582-30rws724 209 6 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 209 7 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 209 8 subsample subsample NN cord-335582-30rws724 209 9 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 209 10 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 209 11 older old JJR cord-335582-30rws724 209 12 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 209 13 aged age VBN cord-335582-30rws724 209 14 between between IN cord-335582-30rws724 209 15 10 10 CD cord-335582-30rws724 209 16 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 209 17 18 18 CD cord-335582-30rws724 209 18 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 209 19 since since IN cord-335582-30rws724 209 20 assigned assign VBN cord-335582-30rws724 209 21 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 209 22 tasks task NNS cord-335582-30rws724 209 23 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 209 24 online online JJ cord-335582-30rws724 209 25 teaching teaching NN cord-335582-30rws724 209 26 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 209 27 more more RBR cord-335582-30rws724 209 28 unlikely unlikely JJ cord-335582-30rws724 209 29 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 209 30 younger young JJR cord-335582-30rws724 209 31 age age NN cord-335582-30rws724 209 32 groups group NNS cord-335582-30rws724 209 33 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 210 1 In in IN cord-335582-30rws724 210 2 terms term NNS cord-335582-30rws724 210 3 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 210 4 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 210 5 index index NN cord-335582-30rws724 210 6 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 210 7 28.3 28.3 CD cord-335582-30rws724 210 8 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 210 9 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 210 10 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 210 11 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 210 12 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 210 13 OTL OTL NNP cord-335582-30rws724 210 14 equal equal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 210 15 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 210 16 0 0 CD cord-335582-30rws724 210 17 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 210 18 meaning mean VBG cord-335582-30rws724 210 19 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 210 20 they -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 210 21 dedicated dedicate VBD cord-335582-30rws724 210 22 less less JJR cord-335582-30rws724 210 23 than than IN cord-335582-30rws724 210 24 one one CD cord-335582-30rws724 210 25 hour hour NN cord-335582-30rws724 210 26 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 210 27 day day NN cord-335582-30rws724 210 28 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 210 29 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 210 30 tasks task NNS cord-335582-30rws724 210 31 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 210 32 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 210 33 almost almost RB cord-335582-30rws724 210 34 no no DT cord-335582-30rws724 210 35 communication communication NN cord-335582-30rws724 210 36 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 210 37 teachers teacher NNS cord-335582-30rws724 210 38 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 210 39 did do VBD cord-335582-30rws724 210 40 not not RB cord-335582-30rws724 210 41 have have VB cord-335582-30rws724 210 42 homework homework NN cord-335582-30rws724 210 43 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 210 44 do do VB cord-335582-30rws724 210 45 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 210 46 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 210 47 be be VB cord-335582-30rws724 210 48 reviewed review VBN cord-335582-30rws724 210 49 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 211 1 At at IN cord-335582-30rws724 211 2 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 211 3 other other JJ cord-335582-30rws724 211 4 end end NN cord-335582-30rws724 211 5 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 211 6 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 211 7 index index NN cord-335582-30rws724 211 8 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 211 9 7.7 7.7 CD cord-335582-30rws724 211 10 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 211 11 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 211 12 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 211 13 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 211 14 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 211 15 maximum maximum JJ cord-335582-30rws724 211 16 OTL OTL NNP cord-335582-30rws724 211 17 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 211 18 100 100 CD cord-335582-30rws724 211 19 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 211 20 meaning mean VBG cord-335582-30rws724 211 21 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 211 22 they -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 211 23 dedicated dedicate VBD cord-335582-30rws724 211 24 more more JJR cord-335582-30rws724 211 25 than than IN cord-335582-30rws724 211 26 four four CD cord-335582-30rws724 211 27 hours hour NNS cord-335582-30rws724 211 28 per per IN cord-335582-30rws724 211 29 day day NN cord-335582-30rws724 211 30 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 211 31 schoolwork schoolwork NN cord-335582-30rws724 211 32 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 211 33 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 211 34 frequent frequent JJ cord-335582-30rws724 211 35 contact contact NN cord-335582-30rws724 211 36 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 211 37 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 211 38 teachers teacher NNS cord-335582-30rws724 211 39 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 211 40 received receive VBD cord-335582-30rws724 211 41 regular regular JJ cord-335582-30rws724 211 42 feedback feedback NN cord-335582-30rws724 211 43 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 211 44 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 211 45 assignments assignment NNS cord-335582-30rws724 211 46 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 212 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 212 2 majority majority NN cord-335582-30rws724 212 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 212 4 80.2 80.2 CD cord-335582-30rws724 212 5 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 212 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 212 7 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 212 8 all all DT cord-335582-30rws724 212 9 surveyed survey VBN cord-335582-30rws724 212 10 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 212 11 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 212 12 this this DT cord-335582-30rws724 212 13 subsample subsample NN cord-335582-30rws724 212 14 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 212 15 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 212 16 OTL OTL NNP cord-335582-30rws724 212 17 score score NN cord-335582-30rws724 212 18 below below IN cord-335582-30rws724 212 19 60 60 CD cord-335582-30rws724 212 20 points point NNS cord-335582-30rws724 212 21 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 213 1 Interestingly interestingly RB cord-335582-30rws724 213 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 213 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 213 4 found find VBD cord-335582-30rws724 213 5 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 213 6 OTL OTL NNP cord-335582-30rws724 213 7 score score NN cord-335582-30rws724 213 8 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 213 9 be be VB cord-335582-30rws724 213 10 positively positively RB cord-335582-30rws724 213 11 related relate VBN cord-335582-30rws724 213 12 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 213 13 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 213 14 number number NN cord-335582-30rws724 213 15 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 213 16 variables variable NNS cord-335582-30rws724 213 17 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 214 1 Having have VBG cord-335582-30rws724 214 2 greater great JJR cord-335582-30rws724 214 3 access access NN cord-335582-30rws724 214 4 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 214 5 digital digital JJ cord-335582-30rws724 214 6 devices device NNS cord-335582-30rws724 214 7 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 214 8 being be VBG cord-335582-30rws724 214 9 enrolled enrol VBN cord-335582-30rws724 214 10 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 214 11 more more RBR cord-335582-30rws724 214 12 advanced advanced JJ cord-335582-30rws724 214 13 courses course NNS cord-335582-30rws724 214 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 214 15 older old JJR cord-335582-30rws724 214 16 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 214 17 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 214 18 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 214 19 higher high JJR cord-335582-30rws724 214 20 OTL OTL NNP cord-335582-30rws724 214 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 214 22 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 214 23 being be VBG cord-335582-30rws724 214 24 native native JJ cord-335582-30rws724 214 25 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 214 26 Spain Spain NNP cord-335582-30rws724 214 27 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 214 28 living live VBG cord-335582-30rws724 214 29 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 214 30 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 214 31 higher high JJR cord-335582-30rws724 214 32 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 214 33 income income NN cord-335582-30rws724 214 34 household household NN cord-335582-30rws724 215 1 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 215 2 all all DT cord-335582-30rws724 215 3 factors factor NNS cord-335582-30rws724 215 4 associated associate VBN cord-335582-30rws724 215 5 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 215 6 higher high JJR cord-335582-30rws724 215 7 OTL OTL NNP cord-335582-30rws724 215 8 scores score NNS cord-335582-30rws724 215 9 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 216 1 Students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 216 2 enrolled enrol VBN cord-335582-30rws724 216 3 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 216 4 private private JJ cord-335582-30rws724 216 5 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 216 6 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 216 7 both both CC cord-335582-30rws724 216 8 independent independent JJ cord-335582-30rws724 216 9 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 216 10 private private JJ cord-335582-30rws724 216 11 subsidised subsidised JJ cord-335582-30rws724 216 12 ones one NNS cord-335582-30rws724 216 13 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 216 14 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 216 15 significantly significantly RB cord-335582-30rws724 216 16 higher high JJR cord-335582-30rws724 216 17 OTL OTL NNP cord-335582-30rws724 216 18 scores score NNS cord-335582-30rws724 216 19 than than IN cord-335582-30rws724 216 20 those those DT cord-335582-30rws724 216 21 enrolled enrol VBN cord-335582-30rws724 216 22 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 216 23 public public JJ cord-335582-30rws724 216 24 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 216 25 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 217 1 There there EX cord-335582-30rws724 217 2 are be VBP cord-335582-30rws724 217 3 explanations explanation NNS cord-335582-30rws724 217 4 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 217 5 this this DT cord-335582-30rws724 217 6 difference difference NN cord-335582-30rws724 217 7 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 218 1 For for IN cord-335582-30rws724 218 2 example example NN cord-335582-30rws724 218 3 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 218 4 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 218 5 Catalan Catalan NNP cord-335582-30rws724 218 6 Department Department NNP cord-335582-30rws724 218 7 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 218 8 Education Education NNP cord-335582-30rws724 218 9 announced announce VBD cord-335582-30rws724 218 10 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 218 11 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 218 12 first first JJ cord-335582-30rws724 218 13 two two CD cord-335582-30rws724 218 14 weeks week NNS cord-335582-30rws724 218 15 after after IN cord-335582-30rws724 218 16 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 218 17 approval approval NN cord-335582-30rws724 218 18 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 218 19 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 218 20 state state NN cord-335582-30rws724 218 21 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 218 22 alarm alarm NN cord-335582-30rws724 218 23 would would MD cord-335582-30rws724 218 24 be be VB cord-335582-30rws724 218 25 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 218 26 non non JJ cord-335582-30rws724 218 27 - - JJ cord-335582-30rws724 218 28 school school JJ cord-335582-30rws724 218 29 period period NN cord-335582-30rws724 218 30 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 219 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-335582-30rws724 219 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 219 3 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 219 4 significant significant JJ cord-335582-30rws724 219 5 number number NN cord-335582-30rws724 219 6 Figure figure NN cord-335582-30rws724 219 7 2 2 CD cord-335582-30rws724 219 8 Opportunities opportunity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 219 9 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 219 10 learn learn VB cord-335582-30rws724 219 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 219 12 OTL OTL NNP cord-335582-30rws724 219 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 219 14 index index NN cord-335582-30rws724 219 15 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 219 16 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 219 17 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 219 18 sector sector NN cord-335582-30rws724 219 19 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 220 1 educational educational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 220 2 level level NN cord-335582-30rws724 220 3 Note note NN cord-335582-30rws724 220 4 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 221 1 Baccalaureate baccalaureate NN cord-335582-30rws724 221 2 refers refer VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 221 3 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 221 4 two two CD cord-335582-30rws724 221 5 years year NNS cord-335582-30rws724 221 6 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 221 7 optional optional JJ cord-335582-30rws724 221 8 upper upper JJ cord-335582-30rws724 221 9 secondary secondary JJ cord-335582-30rws724 221 10 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 221 11 preparing prepare VBG cord-335582-30rws724 221 12 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 221 13 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 221 14 tertiary tertiary JJ cord-335582-30rws724 221 15 level level NN cord-335582-30rws724 221 16 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 221 17 public public JJ cord-335582-30rws724 221 18 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 221 19 did do VBD cord-335582-30rws724 221 20 not not RB cord-335582-30rws724 221 21 develop develop VB cord-335582-30rws724 221 22 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 221 23 tasks task NNS cord-335582-30rws724 221 24 during during IN cord-335582-30rws724 221 25 these these DT cord-335582-30rws724 221 26 two two CD cord-335582-30rws724 221 27 weeks week NNS cord-335582-30rws724 221 28 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 221 29 waiting wait VBG cord-335582-30rws724 221 30 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 221 31 new new JJ cord-335582-30rws724 221 32 instructions instruction NNS cord-335582-30rws724 221 33 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 221 34 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 221 35 department department NN cord-335582-30rws724 221 36 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 222 1 Despite despite IN cord-335582-30rws724 222 2 this this DT cord-335582-30rws724 222 3 announcement announcement NN cord-335582-30rws724 222 4 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 222 5 private private JJ cord-335582-30rws724 222 6 subsidised subsidised JJ cord-335582-30rws724 222 7 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 222 8 independent independent JJ cord-335582-30rws724 222 9 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 222 10 did do VBD cord-335582-30rws724 222 11 not not RB cord-335582-30rws724 222 12 stop stop VB cord-335582-30rws724 222 13 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 222 14 teaching teaching NN cord-335582-30rws724 222 15 activity activity NN cord-335582-30rws724 222 16 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 223 1 One one CD cord-335582-30rws724 223 2 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 223 3 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 223 4 plausible plausible JJ cord-335582-30rws724 223 5 explanations explanation NNS cord-335582-30rws724 223 6 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 223 7 this this DT cord-335582-30rws724 223 8 difference difference NN cord-335582-30rws724 223 9 lies lie VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 223 10 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 223 11 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 223 12 economic economic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 223 13 dependency dependency NN cord-335582-30rws724 223 14 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 223 15 private private JJ cord-335582-30rws724 223 16 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 223 17 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 223 18 fees fee NNS cord-335582-30rws724 223 19 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 224 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 224 2 needed need VBD cord-335582-30rws724 224 3 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 224 4 keep keep VB cord-335582-30rws724 224 5 providing provide VBG cord-335582-30rws724 224 6 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 224 7 service service NN cord-335582-30rws724 224 8 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 224 9 users user NNS cord-335582-30rws724 224 10 despite despite IN cord-335582-30rws724 224 11 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 224 12 exceptional exceptional JJ cord-335582-30rws724 224 13 circumstances circumstance NNS cord-335582-30rws724 224 14 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 225 1 Figure figure NN cord-335582-30rws724 225 2 2 2 CD cord-335582-30rws724 225 3 shows show VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 225 4 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 225 5 distribution distribution NN cord-335582-30rws724 225 6 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 225 7 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 225 8 OTL OTL NNP cord-335582-30rws724 225 9 index index NN cord-335582-30rws724 225 10 across across IN cord-335582-30rws724 225 11 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 225 12 sectors sector NNS cord-335582-30rws724 225 13 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 225 14 different different JJ cord-335582-30rws724 225 15 educational educational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 225 16 levels level NNS cord-335582-30rws724 225 17 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 226 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 226 2 bar bar NN cord-335582-30rws724 226 3 chart chart NN cord-335582-30rws724 226 4 reveals reveal VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 226 5 strong strong JJ cord-335582-30rws724 226 6 differences difference NNS cord-335582-30rws724 226 7 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 226 8 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 226 9 sector sector NN cord-335582-30rws724 226 10 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 226 11 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 226 12 enrolled enrol VBN cord-335582-30rws724 226 13 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 226 14 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 226 15 last last JJ cord-335582-30rws724 226 16 years year NNS cord-335582-30rws724 226 17 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 226 18 primary primary JJ cord-335582-30rws724 226 19 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 226 20 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 226 21 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 226 22 those those DT cord-335582-30rws724 226 23 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 226 24 lower low JJR cord-335582-30rws724 226 25 secondary secondary JJ cord-335582-30rws724 226 26 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 226 27 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 227 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 227 2 chart chart NN cord-335582-30rws724 227 3 also also RB cord-335582-30rws724 227 4 shows show VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 227 5 how how WRB cord-335582-30rws724 227 6 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 227 7 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 227 8 vocational vocational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 227 9 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 227 10 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 227 11 training training NN cord-335582-30rws724 227 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 227 13 VET VET NNP cord-335582-30rws724 227 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 227 15 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 227 16 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 227 17 lowest low JJS cord-335582-30rws724 227 18 OTL OTL NNP cord-335582-30rws724 227 19 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 227 20 post post JJ cord-335582-30rws724 227 21 - - JJ cord-335582-30rws724 227 22 compulsory compulsory JJ cord-335582-30rws724 227 23 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 227 24 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 228 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 228 2 also also RB cord-335582-30rws724 228 3 found find VBD cord-335582-30rws724 228 4 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 228 5 OTL OTL NNP cord-335582-30rws724 228 6 index index NN cord-335582-30rws724 228 7 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 228 8 be be VB cord-335582-30rws724 228 9 clearly clearly RB cord-335582-30rws724 228 10 related relate VBN cord-335582-30rws724 228 11 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 228 12 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 228 13 level level NN cord-335582-30rws724 228 14 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 228 15 parental parental JJ cord-335582-30rws724 228 16 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 228 17 attainment attainment JJ cord-335582-30rws724 228 18 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 228 19 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 228 20 family family NN cord-335582-30rws724 228 21 income income NN cord-335582-30rws724 228 22 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 229 1 For for IN cord-335582-30rws724 229 2 instance instance NN cord-335582-30rws724 229 3 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 229 4 49 49 CD cord-335582-30rws724 229 5 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 229 6 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 229 7 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 229 8 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 229 9 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 229 10 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 229 11 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 229 12 richest rich JJS cord-335582-30rws724 229 13 quintile quintile NN cord-335582-30rws724 229 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 229 15 Q5 Q5 NNP cord-335582-30rws724 229 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 229 17 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 229 18 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 229 19 OTL OTL NNP cord-335582-30rws724 229 20 score score NN cord-335582-30rws724 229 21 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 229 22 80 80 CD cord-335582-30rws724 229 23 points point NNS cord-335582-30rws724 229 24 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 229 25 higher high JJR cord-335582-30rws724 229 26 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 230 1 This this DT cord-335582-30rws724 230 2 reduced reduce VBD cord-335582-30rws724 230 3 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 230 4 33 33 CD cord-335582-30rws724 230 5 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 230 6 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 230 7 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 230 8 case case NN cord-335582-30rws724 230 9 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 230 10 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 230 11 poorest poor JJS cord-335582-30rws724 230 12 quintile quintile NN cord-335582-30rws724 230 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 230 14 Q1 Q1 NNP cord-335582-30rws724 230 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 230 16 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 231 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 231 2 absence absence NN cord-335582-30rws724 231 3 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 231 4 schooling schooling NN cord-335582-30rws724 231 5 increases increase VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 231 6 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 231 7 importance importance NN cord-335582-30rws724 231 8 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 231 9 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 231 10 as as IN cord-335582-30rws724 231 11 teacher teacher NN cord-335582-30rws724 231 12 substitutes substitute NNS cord-335582-30rws724 231 13 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 231 14 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 231 15 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 231 16 process process NN cord-335582-30rws724 231 17 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 232 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 232 2 survey survey NN cord-335582-30rws724 232 3 included include VBD cord-335582-30rws724 232 4 questions question NNS cord-335582-30rws724 232 5 regarding regard VBG cord-335582-30rws724 232 6 whether whether IN cord-335582-30rws724 232 7 adults adult NNS cord-335582-30rws724 232 8 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 232 9 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 232 10 family family NN cord-335582-30rws724 232 11 helped help VBD cord-335582-30rws724 232 12 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 232 13 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 232 14 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 232 15 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 232 16 tasks task NNS cord-335582-30rws724 232 17 during during IN cord-335582-30rws724 232 18 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 232 19 relevant relevant JJ cord-335582-30rws724 232 20 lockdown lockdown NN cord-335582-30rws724 232 21 period period NN cord-335582-30rws724 232 22 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 233 1 An an DT cord-335582-30rws724 233 2 initial initial JJ cord-335582-30rws724 233 3 remarkable remarkable JJ cord-335582-30rws724 233 4 result result NN cord-335582-30rws724 233 5 appeared appear VBD cord-335582-30rws724 233 6 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 233 7 terms term NNS cord-335582-30rws724 233 8 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 233 9 gender gender NN cord-335582-30rws724 233 10 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 233 11 while while IN cord-335582-30rws724 233 12 79 79 CD cord-335582-30rws724 233 13 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 233 14 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 233 15 female female JJ cord-335582-30rws724 233 16 adults adult NNS cord-335582-30rws724 233 17 stated state VBD cord-335582-30rws724 233 18 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 233 19 they -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 233 20 supported support VBD cord-335582-30rws724 233 21 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 233 22 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 233 23 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 233 24 do do VB cord-335582-30rws724 233 25 schoolwork schoolwork NN cord-335582-30rws724 233 26 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 233 27 only only RB cord-335582-30rws724 233 28 43 43 CD cord-335582-30rws724 233 29 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 233 30 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 233 31 male male JJ cord-335582-30rws724 233 32 adults adult NNS cord-335582-30rws724 233 33 did do VBD cord-335582-30rws724 233 34 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 234 1 As as IN cord-335582-30rws724 234 2 expected expect VBN cord-335582-30rws724 234 3 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 234 4 gender gender NN cord-335582-30rws724 234 5 differences difference NNS cord-335582-30rws724 234 6 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 234 7 clearly clearly RB cord-335582-30rws724 234 8 observed observe VBN cord-335582-30rws724 234 9 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 234 10 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 234 11 family family NN cord-335582-30rws724 234 12 support support NN cord-335582-30rws724 234 13 was be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 234 14 higher high JJR cord-335582-30rws724 234 15 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 234 16 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 234 17 case case NN cord-335582-30rws724 234 18 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 234 19 younger young JJR cord-335582-30rws724 234 20 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 234 21 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 235 1 Figure figure NN cord-335582-30rws724 235 2 3 3 CD cord-335582-30rws724 235 3 shows show VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 235 4 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 235 5 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 235 6 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 235 7 undertaking undertake VBG cord-335582-30rws724 235 8 primary primary JJ cord-335582-30rws724 235 9 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 235 10 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 235 11 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 235 12 support support NN cord-335582-30rws724 235 13 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 235 14 mothers mother NNS cord-335582-30rws724 235 15 who who WP cord-335582-30rws724 235 16 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 235 17 completed complete VBN cord-335582-30rws724 235 18 compulsory compulsory JJ cord-335582-30rws724 235 19 Figure figure NN cord-335582-30rws724 235 20 3 3 CD cord-335582-30rws724 235 21 Adult adult NN cord-335582-30rws724 235 22 support support NN cord-335582-30rws724 235 23 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 235 24 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 235 25 tasks task NNS cord-335582-30rws724 235 26 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 235 27 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 235 28 gender gender NN cord-335582-30rws724 235 29 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 235 30 highest high JJS cord-335582-30rws724 235 31 parental parental JJ cord-335582-30rws724 235 32 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 235 33 attainment attainment JJ cord-335582-30rws724 235 34 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 235 35 was be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 235 36 comparable comparable JJ cord-335582-30rws724 235 37 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 235 38 that that DT cord-335582-30rws724 235 39 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 235 40 mothers mother NNS cord-335582-30rws724 235 41 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 235 42 higher high JJR cord-335582-30rws724 235 43 educational educational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 235 44 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 235 45 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 235 46 Bourdieu Bourdieu NNP cord-335582-30rws724 235 47 's 's POS cord-335582-30rws724 235 48 terms term NNS cord-335582-30rws724 235 49 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 235 50 cultural cultural JJ cord-335582-30rws724 235 51 capital capital NN cord-335582-30rws724 235 52 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 236 1 However however RB cord-335582-30rws724 236 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 236 3 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 236 4 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 236 5 enrolled enrol VBN cord-335582-30rws724 236 6 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 236 7 lower low JJR cord-335582-30rws724 236 8 secondary secondary JJ cord-335582-30rws724 236 9 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 236 10 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 236 11 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 236 12 differences difference NNS cord-335582-30rws724 236 13 increased increase VBD cord-335582-30rws724 236 14 dramatically dramatically RB cord-335582-30rws724 236 15 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 236 16 only only RB cord-335582-30rws724 236 17 35 35 CD cord-335582-30rws724 236 18 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 236 19 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 236 20 mothers mother NNS cord-335582-30rws724 236 21 who who WP cord-335582-30rws724 236 22 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 236 23 completed complete VBN cord-335582-30rws724 236 24 compulsory compulsory JJ cord-335582-30rws724 236 25 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 236 26 helped help VBD cord-335582-30rws724 236 27 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 236 28 homework homework NN cord-335582-30rws724 236 29 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 236 30 while while IN cord-335582-30rws724 236 31 48 48 CD cord-335582-30rws724 236 32 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 236 33 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 236 34 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 236 35 most most RBS cord-335582-30rws724 236 36 educated educate VBN cord-335582-30rws724 236 37 mothers mother NNS cord-335582-30rws724 236 38 did do VBD cord-335582-30rws724 236 39 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 237 1 Providing provide VBG cord-335582-30rws724 237 2 support support NN cord-335582-30rws724 237 3 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 237 4 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 237 5 tasks task NNS cord-335582-30rws724 237 6 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 237 7 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 237 8 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 237 9 post post JJ cord-335582-30rws724 237 10 - - JJ cord-335582-30rws724 237 11 compulsory compulsory JJ cord-335582-30rws724 237 12 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 237 13 declined decline VBD cord-335582-30rws724 237 14 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 237 15 close close VB cord-335582-30rws724 237 16 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 237 17 20 20 CD cord-335582-30rws724 237 18 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 237 19 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 237 20 all all DT cord-335582-30rws724 237 21 groups group NNS cord-335582-30rws724 237 22 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 238 1 There there EX cord-335582-30rws724 238 2 are be VBP cord-335582-30rws724 238 3 several several JJ cord-335582-30rws724 238 4 reasons reason NNS cord-335582-30rws724 238 5 why why WRB cord-335582-30rws724 238 6 support support NN cord-335582-30rws724 238 7 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 238 8 schoolwork schoolwork NN cord-335582-30rws724 238 9 may may MD cord-335582-30rws724 238 10 not not RB cord-335582-30rws724 238 11 have have VB cord-335582-30rws724 238 12 been be VBN cord-335582-30rws724 238 13 provided provide VBN cord-335582-30rws724 238 14 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 238 15 adults adult NNS cord-335582-30rws724 238 16 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 238 17 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 238 18 student student NN cord-335582-30rws724 238 19 's 's POS cord-335582-30rws724 238 20 household household NN cord-335582-30rws724 238 21 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 239 1 These these DT cord-335582-30rws724 239 2 reasons reason NNS cord-335582-30rws724 239 3 are be VBP cord-335582-30rws724 239 4 remarkably remarkably RB cord-335582-30rws724 239 5 different different JJ cord-335582-30rws724 239 6 depending depend VBG cord-335582-30rws724 239 7 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 239 8 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 239 9 level level NN cord-335582-30rws724 239 10 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 239 11 parental parental JJ cord-335582-30rws724 239 12 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 239 13 attainment attainment JJ cord-335582-30rws724 239 14 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 240 1 In in IN cord-335582-30rws724 240 2 those those DT cord-335582-30rws724 240 3 households household NNS cord-335582-30rws724 240 4 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 240 5 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 240 6 survey survey NN cord-335582-30rws724 240 7 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 240 8 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 240 9 enrolled enrol VBN cord-335582-30rws724 240 10 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 240 11 lower low JJR cord-335582-30rws724 240 12 secondary secondary JJ cord-335582-30rws724 240 13 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 240 14 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 240 15 92 92 CD cord-335582-30rws724 240 16 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 240 17 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 240 18 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 240 19 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 240 20 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 240 21 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 240 22 adult adult NN cord-335582-30rws724 240 23 who who WP cord-335582-30rws724 240 24 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 240 25 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 240 26 university university NN cord-335582-30rws724 240 27 degree degree NN cord-335582-30rws724 240 28 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 240 29 who who WP cord-335582-30rws724 240 30 did do VBD cord-335582-30rws724 240 31 not not RB cord-335582-30rws724 240 32 provide provide VB cord-335582-30rws724 240 33 support support NN cord-335582-30rws724 240 34 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 240 35 schoolwork schoolwork NN cord-335582-30rws724 240 36 argued argue VBD cord-335582-30rws724 240 37 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 240 38 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 240 39 child child NN cord-335582-30rws724 240 40 did do VBD cord-335582-30rws724 240 41 not not RB cord-335582-30rws724 240 42 need need VB cord-335582-30rws724 240 43 it -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 240 44 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 241 1 This this DT cord-335582-30rws724 241 2 reason reason NN cord-335582-30rws724 241 3 was be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 241 4 only only RB cord-335582-30rws724 241 5 argued argue VBN cord-335582-30rws724 241 6 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 241 7 69 69 CD cord-335582-30rws724 241 8 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 241 9 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 241 10 respondents respondent NNS cord-335582-30rws724 241 11 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 241 12 those those DT cord-335582-30rws724 241 13 households household NNS cord-335582-30rws724 241 14 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 241 15 adults adult NNS cord-335582-30rws724 241 16 who who WP cord-335582-30rws724 241 17 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 241 18 completed complete VBN cord-335582-30rws724 241 19 only only RB cord-335582-30rws724 241 20 compulsory compulsory JJ cord-335582-30rws724 241 21 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 241 22 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 242 1 In in IN cord-335582-30rws724 242 2 this this DT cord-335582-30rws724 242 3 case case NN cord-335582-30rws724 242 4 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 242 5 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 242 6 lack lack NN cord-335582-30rws724 242 7 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 242 8 knowledge knowledge NN cord-335582-30rws724 242 9 was be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 242 10 proffered proffer VBN cord-335582-30rws724 242 11 as as IN cord-335582-30rws724 242 12 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 242 13 significant significant JJ cord-335582-30rws724 242 14 reason reason NN cord-335582-30rws724 242 15 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 242 16 not not RB cord-335582-30rws724 242 17 giving give VBG cord-335582-30rws724 242 18 support support NN cord-335582-30rws724 242 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 242 20 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 242 21 28 28 CD cord-335582-30rws724 242 22 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 242 23 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 242 24 respondents respondent NNS cord-335582-30rws724 242 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 242 26 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 242 27 which which WDT cord-335582-30rws724 242 28 reduced reduce VBD cord-335582-30rws724 242 29 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 242 30 2 2 CD cord-335582-30rws724 242 31 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 242 32 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 242 33 those those DT cord-335582-30rws724 242 34 parents parent NNS cord-335582-30rws724 242 35 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 242 36 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 242 37 university university NN cord-335582-30rws724 242 38 degree degree NN cord-335582-30rws724 242 39 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 243 1 Differences difference NNS cord-335582-30rws724 243 2 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 243 3 cultural cultural JJ cord-335582-30rws724 243 4 capital capital NN cord-335582-30rws724 243 5 are be VBP cord-335582-30rws724 243 6 therefore therefore RB cord-335582-30rws724 243 7 reflected reflect VBN cord-335582-30rws724 243 8 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 243 9 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 243 10 capacity capacity NN cord-335582-30rws724 243 11 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 243 12 possibilities possibility NNS cord-335582-30rws724 243 13 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 243 14 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 243 15 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 243 16 help help VB cord-335582-30rws724 243 17 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 243 18 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 243 19 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 243 20 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 243 21 tasks task NNS cord-335582-30rws724 243 22 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 244 1 In in IN cord-335582-30rws724 244 2 addition addition NN cord-335582-30rws724 244 3 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 244 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 244 5 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 244 6 not not RB cord-335582-30rws724 244 7 just just RB cord-335582-30rws724 244 8 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 244 9 times time NNS cord-335582-30rws724 244 10 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 244 11 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 244 12 closure closure NN cord-335582-30rws724 244 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 244 14 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 244 15 ' ' POS cord-335582-30rws724 244 16 cultural cultural JJ cord-335582-30rws724 244 17 capital capital NN cord-335582-30rws724 244 18 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 244 19 everyday everyday JJ cord-335582-30rws724 244 20 informal informal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 244 21 practices practice NNS cord-335582-30rws724 244 22 have have VBP cord-335582-30rws724 244 23 effects effect NNS cord-335582-30rws724 244 24 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 244 25 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 244 26 's 's POS cord-335582-30rws724 244 27 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 244 28 experiences experience NNS cord-335582-30rws724 244 29 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 244 30 opportunities opportunity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 244 31 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 245 1 Interestingly interestingly RB cord-335582-30rws724 245 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 245 3 confinement confinement NN cord-335582-30rws724 245 4 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 245 5 which which WDT cord-335582-30rws724 245 6 maximises maximise VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 245 7 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 245 8 interactive interactive JJ cord-335582-30rws724 245 9 time time NN cord-335582-30rws724 245 10 between between IN cord-335582-30rws724 245 11 family family NN cord-335582-30rws724 245 12 members member NNS cord-335582-30rws724 245 13 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 245 14 provides provide VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 245 15 ideal ideal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 245 16 research research NN cord-335582-30rws724 245 17 conditions condition NNS cord-335582-30rws724 245 18 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 245 19 assessing assess VBG cord-335582-30rws724 245 20 informal informal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 245 21 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 245 22 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 245 23 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 246 1 Figure figure NN cord-335582-30rws724 246 2 4 4 CD cord-335582-30rws724 246 3 reveals reveal VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 246 4 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 246 5 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 246 6 those those DT cord-335582-30rws724 246 7 households household NNS cord-335582-30rws724 246 8 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 246 9 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 246 10 aged age VBN cord-335582-30rws724 246 11 between between IN cord-335582-30rws724 246 12 3 3 CD cord-335582-30rws724 246 13 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 246 14 8 8 CD cord-335582-30rws724 246 15 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 246 16 there there EX cord-335582-30rws724 246 17 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 246 18 three three CD cord-335582-30rws724 246 19 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 246 20 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 246 21 which which WDT cord-335582-30rws724 246 22 social social JJ cord-335582-30rws724 246 23 differences difference NNS cord-335582-30rws724 246 24 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 246 25 especially especially RB cord-335582-30rws724 246 26 acute acute JJ cord-335582-30rws724 246 27 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 247 1 First first RB cord-335582-30rws724 247 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 247 3 accompanying accompany VBG cord-335582-30rws724 247 4 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 247 5 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 247 6 reading reading NN cord-335582-30rws724 247 7 was be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 247 8 more more RBR cord-335582-30rws724 247 9 frequent frequent JJ cord-335582-30rws724 247 10 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 247 11 far far RB cord-335582-30rws724 247 12 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 247 13 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 247 14 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 247 15 high high JJ cord-335582-30rws724 247 16 cultural cultural JJ cord-335582-30rws724 247 17 capital capital NN cord-335582-30rws724 247 18 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 248 1 59 59 CD cord-335582-30rws724 248 2 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 248 3 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 248 4 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 248 5 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 248 6 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 248 7 adult adult NN cord-335582-30rws724 248 8 who who WP cord-335582-30rws724 248 9 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 248 10 completed complete VBN cord-335582-30rws724 248 11 university university NN cord-335582-30rws724 248 12 studies study NNS cord-335582-30rws724 248 13 responded respond VBD cord-335582-30rws724 248 14 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 248 15 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 248 16 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 248 17 aged age VBN cord-335582-30rws724 248 18 between between IN cord-335582-30rws724 248 19 3 3 CD cord-335582-30rws724 248 20 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 248 21 8 8 CD cord-335582-30rws724 248 22 read read VBN cord-335582-30rws724 248 23 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 248 24 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 248 25 adult adult NN cord-335582-30rws724 248 26 every every DT cord-335582-30rws724 248 27 day day NN cord-335582-30rws724 248 28 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 249 1 This this DT cord-335582-30rws724 249 2 reduced reduce VBD cord-335582-30rws724 249 3 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 249 4 only only RB cord-335582-30rws724 249 5 37 37 CD cord-335582-30rws724 249 6 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 249 7 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 249 8 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 249 9 case case NN cord-335582-30rws724 249 10 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 249 11 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 249 12 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 249 13 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 249 14 adult adult NN cord-335582-30rws724 249 15 who who WP cord-335582-30rws724 249 16 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 249 17 completed complete VBN cord-335582-30rws724 249 18 compulsory compulsory JJ cord-335582-30rws724 249 19 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 249 20 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 250 1 Second second RB cord-335582-30rws724 250 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 250 3 differences difference NNS cord-335582-30rws724 250 4 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 250 5 also also RB cord-335582-30rws724 250 6 visible visible JJ cord-335582-30rws724 250 7 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 250 8 foreign foreign JJ cord-335582-30rws724 250 9 language language NN cord-335582-30rws724 250 10 informal informal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 250 11 practices practice NNS cord-335582-30rws724 250 12 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 250 13 44 44 CD cord-335582-30rws724 250 14 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 250 15 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 250 16 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 250 17 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 250 18 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 250 19 adult adult NN cord-335582-30rws724 250 20 who who WP cord-335582-30rws724 250 21 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 250 22 completed complete VBN cord-335582-30rws724 250 23 university university NN cord-335582-30rws724 250 24 studies study NNS cord-335582-30rws724 250 25 responded respond VBD cord-335582-30rws724 250 26 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 250 27 foreign foreign JJ cord-335582-30rws724 250 28 language language NN cord-335582-30rws724 250 29 practice practice NN cord-335582-30rws724 250 30 was be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 250 31 done do VBN cord-335582-30rws724 250 32 daily daily JJ cord-335582-30rws724 250 33 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 250 34 several several JJ cord-335582-30rws724 250 35 days day NNS cord-335582-30rws724 250 36 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 250 37 week week NN cord-335582-30rws724 250 38 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 250 39 while while IN cord-335582-30rws724 250 40 this this DT cord-335582-30rws724 250 41 practice practice NN cord-335582-30rws724 250 42 was be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 250 43 carried carry VBN cord-335582-30rws724 250 44 out out RP cord-335582-30rws724 250 45 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 250 46 only only RB cord-335582-30rws724 250 47 36 36 CD cord-335582-30rws724 250 48 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 250 49 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 250 50 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 250 51 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 250 52 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 250 53 adult adult NN cord-335582-30rws724 250 54 who who WP cord-335582-30rws724 250 55 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 250 56 completed complete VBN cord-335582-30rws724 250 57 compulsory compulsory JJ cord-335582-30rws724 250 58 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 250 59 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 251 1 Third third JJ cord-335582-30rws724 251 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 251 3 sporting sporting NN cord-335582-30rws724 251 4 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 251 5 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 251 6 practised practise VBN cord-335582-30rws724 251 7 several several JJ cord-335582-30rws724 251 8 times time NNS cord-335582-30rws724 251 9 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 251 10 week week NN cord-335582-30rws724 251 11 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 251 12 81 81 CD cord-335582-30rws724 251 13 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 251 14 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 251 15 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 251 16 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 251 17 university university NN cord-335582-30rws724 251 18 degrees degree NNS cord-335582-30rws724 251 19 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 251 20 only only RB cord-335582-30rws724 251 21 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 251 22 66 66 CD cord-335582-30rws724 251 23 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 251 24 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 251 25 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 251 26 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 251 27 compulsory compulsory JJ cord-335582-30rws724 251 28 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 251 29 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 252 1 By by IN cord-335582-30rws724 252 2 contrast contrast NN cord-335582-30rws724 252 3 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 252 4 other other JJ cord-335582-30rws724 252 5 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 252 6 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 252 7 more more RBR cord-335582-30rws724 252 8 frequent frequent JJ cord-335582-30rws724 252 9 among among IN cord-335582-30rws724 252 10 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 252 11 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 252 12 lower low JJR cord-335582-30rws724 252 13 cultural cultural JJ cord-335582-30rws724 252 14 capital capital NN cord-335582-30rws724 252 15 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 253 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 253 2 most most RBS cord-335582-30rws724 253 3 relevant relevant JJ cord-335582-30rws724 253 4 was be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 253 5 playing play VBG cord-335582-30rws724 253 6 video video NN cord-335582-30rws724 253 7 games game NNS cord-335582-30rws724 253 8 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 254 1 37 37 CD cord-335582-30rws724 254 2 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 254 3 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 254 4 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 254 5 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 254 6 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 254 7 adult adult NN cord-335582-30rws724 254 8 who who WP cord-335582-30rws724 254 9 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 254 10 completed complete VBN cord-335582-30rws724 254 11 compulsory compulsory JJ cord-335582-30rws724 254 12 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 254 13 reported report VBD cord-335582-30rws724 254 14 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 254 15 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 254 16 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 254 17 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 254 18 preschool preschool NN cord-335582-30rws724 254 19 age age NN cord-335582-30rws724 254 20 played play VBD cord-335582-30rws724 254 21 video video NN cord-335582-30rws724 254 22 games game NNS cord-335582-30rws724 254 23 every every DT cord-335582-30rws724 254 24 day day NN cord-335582-30rws724 254 25 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 254 26 several several JJ cord-335582-30rws724 254 27 times time NNS cord-335582-30rws724 254 28 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 254 29 week week NN cord-335582-30rws724 254 30 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 255 1 This this DT cord-335582-30rws724 255 2 applied apply VBD cord-335582-30rws724 255 3 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 255 4 only only RB cord-335582-30rws724 255 5 21.5 21.5 CD cord-335582-30rws724 255 6 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 255 7 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 255 8 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 255 9 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 255 10 parents parent NNS cord-335582-30rws724 255 11 who who WP cord-335582-30rws724 255 12 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 255 13 completed complete VBN cord-335582-30rws724 255 14 university university NN cord-335582-30rws724 255 15 studies study NNS cord-335582-30rws724 255 16 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 256 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 256 2 differences difference NNS cord-335582-30rws724 256 3 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 256 4 also also RB cord-335582-30rws724 256 5 significant significant JJ cord-335582-30rws724 256 6 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 256 7 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 256 8 frequency frequency NN cord-335582-30rws724 256 9 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 256 10 watching watch VBG cord-335582-30rws724 256 11 educational educational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 256 12 television television NN cord-335582-30rws724 256 13 programmes programme NNS cord-335582-30rws724 256 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 256 15 52 52 CD cord-335582-30rws724 256 16 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 256 17 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 256 18 households household NNS cord-335582-30rws724 256 19 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 256 20 parents parent NNS cord-335582-30rws724 256 21 who who WP cord-335582-30rws724 256 22 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 256 23 completed complete VBN cord-335582-30rws724 256 24 compulsory compulsory JJ cord-335582-30rws724 256 25 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 256 26 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 256 27 who who WP cord-335582-30rws724 256 28 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 256 29 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 256 30 enrolled enrol VBN cord-335582-30rws724 256 31 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 256 32 preschool preschool NN cord-335582-30rws724 256 33 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 256 34 reported report VBD cord-335582-30rws724 256 35 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 256 36 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 256 37 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 256 38 did do VBD cord-335582-30rws724 256 39 so so RB cord-335582-30rws724 256 40 every every DT cord-335582-30rws724 256 41 day day NN cord-335582-30rws724 256 42 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 256 43 versus versus IN cord-335582-30rws724 256 44 30 30 CD cord-335582-30rws724 256 45 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 256 46 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 256 47 parents parent NNS cord-335582-30rws724 256 48 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 256 49 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 256 50 university university NN cord-335582-30rws724 256 51 degree degree NN cord-335582-30rws724 256 52 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 256 53 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 256 54 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 256 55 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 256 56 following follow VBG cord-335582-30rws724 256 57 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 256 58 carrying carry VBG cord-335582-30rws724 256 59 out out RP cord-335582-30rws724 256 60 educational educational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 256 61 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 256 62 available available JJ cord-335582-30rws724 256 63 via via IN cord-335582-30rws724 256 64 social social JJ cord-335582-30rws724 256 65 media medium NNS cord-335582-30rws724 256 66 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 257 1 In in IN cord-335582-30rws724 257 2 such such PDT cord-335582-30rws724 257 3 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 257 4 extreme extreme JJ cord-335582-30rws724 257 5 situation situation NN cord-335582-30rws724 257 6 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 257 7 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 257 8 absence absence NN cord-335582-30rws724 257 9 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 257 10 it -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 257 11 appears appear VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 257 12 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 257 13 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 257 14 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 257 15 less less JJR cord-335582-30rws724 257 16 cultural cultural JJ cord-335582-30rws724 257 17 capital capital NN cord-335582-30rws724 257 18 made make VBD cord-335582-30rws724 257 19 more more JJR cord-335582-30rws724 257 20 use use NN cord-335582-30rws724 257 21 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 257 22 external external JJ cord-335582-30rws724 257 23 resources resource NNS cord-335582-30rws724 257 24 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 257 25 support support VB cord-335582-30rws724 257 26 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 257 27 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 257 28 's 's POS cord-335582-30rws724 257 29 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 257 30 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 257 31 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 257 32 while while IN cord-335582-30rws724 257 33 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 257 34 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 257 35 more more JJR cord-335582-30rws724 257 36 cultural cultural JJ cord-335582-30rws724 257 37 capital capital NN cord-335582-30rws724 257 38 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 257 39 more more RBR cord-335582-30rws724 257 40 confident confident JJ cord-335582-30rws724 257 41 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 257 42 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 257 43 own own JJ cord-335582-30rws724 257 44 abilities ability NNS cord-335582-30rws724 257 45 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 257 46 respond respond VB cord-335582-30rws724 257 47 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 257 48 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 257 49 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 257 50 's 's POS cord-335582-30rws724 257 51 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 257 52 needs need NNS cord-335582-30rws724 257 53 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 258 1 In in IN cord-335582-30rws724 258 2 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 258 3 case case NN cord-335582-30rws724 258 4 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 258 5 older old JJR cord-335582-30rws724 258 6 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 258 7 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 258 8 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 258 9 same same JJ cord-335582-30rws724 258 10 differences difference NNS cord-335582-30rws724 258 11 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 258 12 observed observe VBN cord-335582-30rws724 258 13 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 258 14 although although IN cord-335582-30rws724 258 15 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 258 16 gap gap NN cord-335582-30rws724 258 17 increased increase VBD cord-335582-30rws724 258 18 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 258 19 musical musical JJ cord-335582-30rws724 258 20 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 258 21 other other JJ cord-335582-30rws724 258 22 artistic artistic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 258 23 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 258 24 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 258 25 was be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 258 26 less less RBR cord-335582-30rws724 258 27 pronounced pronounce VBN cord-335582-30rws724 258 28 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 258 29 playing play VBG cord-335582-30rws724 258 30 video video NN cord-335582-30rws724 258 31 games game NNS cord-335582-30rws724 258 32 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 259 1 Participation participation NN cord-335582-30rws724 259 2 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 259 3 after after IN cord-335582-30rws724 259 4 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 259 5 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 259 6 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 259 7 is be VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 259 8 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 259 9 source source NN cord-335582-30rws724 259 10 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 259 11 differential differential JJ cord-335582-30rws724 259 12 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 259 13 opportunities opportunity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 259 14 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 259 15 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 259 16 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 259 17 different different JJ cord-335582-30rws724 259 18 socioeconomic socioeconomic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 259 19 backgrounds background NNS cord-335582-30rws724 259 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 259 21 Bradley Bradley NNP cord-335582-30rws724 259 22 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 259 23 Conway Conway NNP cord-335582-30rws724 259 24 2016 2016 CD cord-335582-30rws724 259 25 ; ; : cord-335582-30rws724 259 26 González González NNP cord-335582-30rws724 259 27 Motos Motos NNP cord-335582-30rws724 259 28 2016 2016 CD cord-335582-30rws724 259 29 ; ; : cord-335582-30rws724 259 30 Lauer Lauer NNP cord-335582-30rws724 259 31 et et NNP cord-335582-30rws724 259 32 al al NNP cord-335582-30rws724 259 33 . . NNP cord-335582-30rws724 259 34 2003 2003 CD cord-335582-30rws724 259 35 ; ; : cord-335582-30rws724 259 36 Potter Potter NNP cord-335582-30rws724 259 37 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 259 38 Morris Morris NNP cord-335582-30rws724 259 39 2017 2017 CD cord-335582-30rws724 259 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 259 41 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 260 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 260 2 survey survey NN cord-335582-30rws724 260 3 compared compare VBD cord-335582-30rws724 260 4 whether whether IN cord-335582-30rws724 260 5 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 260 6 participated participate VBD cord-335582-30rws724 260 7 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 260 8 one one CD cord-335582-30rws724 260 9 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 260 10 more more JJR cord-335582-30rws724 260 11 after after IN cord-335582-30rws724 260 12 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 260 13 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 260 14 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 260 15 before before IN cord-335582-30rws724 260 16 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 260 17 after after IN cord-335582-30rws724 260 18 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 260 19 beginning beginning NN cord-335582-30rws724 260 20 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 260 21 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 260 22 lockdown lockdown NN cord-335582-30rws724 260 23 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 261 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 261 2 found find VBD cord-335582-30rws724 261 3 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 261 4 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 261 5 effects effect NNS cord-335582-30rws724 261 6 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 261 7 COVID-19 covid-19 NN cord-335582-30rws724 261 8 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 261 9 these these DT cord-335582-30rws724 261 10 kinds kind NNS cord-335582-30rws724 261 11 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 261 12 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 261 13 have have VBP cord-335582-30rws724 261 14 also also RB cord-335582-30rws724 261 15 increased increase VBN cord-335582-30rws724 261 16 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 261 17 gap gap NN cord-335582-30rws724 261 18 between between IN cord-335582-30rws724 261 19 socially socially RB cord-335582-30rws724 261 20 advantaged advantaged JJ cord-335582-30rws724 261 21 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 261 22 disadvantaged disadvantaged JJ cord-335582-30rws724 261 23 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 261 24 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 262 1 Before before IN cord-335582-30rws724 262 2 lockdown lockdown NN cord-335582-30rws724 262 3 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 262 4 after after IN cord-335582-30rws724 262 5 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 262 6 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 262 7 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 262 8 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 262 9 more more RBR cord-335582-30rws724 262 10 frequent frequent JJ cord-335582-30rws724 262 11 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 262 12 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 262 13 enrolled enrol VBN cord-335582-30rws724 262 14 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 262 15 primary primary JJ cord-335582-30rws724 262 16 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 262 17 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 263 1 This this DT cord-335582-30rws724 263 2 was be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 263 3 particularly particularly RB cord-335582-30rws724 263 4 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 263 5 case case NN cord-335582-30rws724 263 6 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 263 7 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 263 8 whose whose WP$ cord-335582-30rws724 263 9 parent parent NN cord-335582-30rws724 263 10 / / SYM cord-335582-30rws724 263 11 s s NNP cord-335582-30rws724 263 12 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 263 13 completed complete VBN cord-335582-30rws724 263 14 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 263 15 university university NN cord-335582-30rws724 263 16 degree degree NN cord-335582-30rws724 263 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 263 18 66 66 CD cord-335582-30rws724 263 19 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 263 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 263 21 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 263 22 compared compare VBN cord-335582-30rws724 263 23 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 263 24 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 263 25 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 263 26 households household NNS cord-335582-30rws724 263 27 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 263 28 parent parent NN cord-335582-30rws724 263 29 / / SYM cord-335582-30rws724 263 30 s s XX cord-335582-30rws724 263 31 who who WP cord-335582-30rws724 263 32 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 263 33 completed complete VBN cord-335582-30rws724 263 34 compulsory compulsory JJ cord-335582-30rws724 263 35 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 263 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 263 37 43 43 CD cord-335582-30rws724 263 38 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 263 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 263 40 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 264 1 This this DT cord-335582-30rws724 264 2 polarisation polarisation NN cord-335582-30rws724 264 3 increased increase VBD cord-335582-30rws724 264 4 particularly particularly RB cord-335582-30rws724 264 5 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 264 6 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 264 7 enrolled enrol VBN cord-335582-30rws724 264 8 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 264 9 lower low JJR cord-335582-30rws724 264 10 secondary secondary JJ cord-335582-30rws724 264 11 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 264 12 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 264 13 at at RB cord-335582-30rws724 264 14 least least RBS cord-335582-30rws724 264 15 one one CD cord-335582-30rws724 264 16 unversity unversity NNP cord-335582-30rws724 264 17 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 264 18 educated educate VBN cord-335582-30rws724 264 19 parent parent NN cord-335582-30rws724 264 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 264 21 81 81 CD cord-335582-30rws724 264 22 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 264 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 264 24 versus versus IN cord-335582-30rws724 264 25 those those DT cord-335582-30rws724 264 26 whose whose WP$ cord-335582-30rws724 264 27 parent parent NN cord-335582-30rws724 264 28 / / SYM cord-335582-30rws724 264 29 s s NNP cord-335582-30rws724 264 30 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 264 31 completed complete VBN cord-335582-30rws724 264 32 compulsory compulsory JJ cord-335582-30rws724 264 33 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 264 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 264 35 45 45 CD cord-335582-30rws724 264 36 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 264 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 264 38 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 265 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 265 2 also also RB cord-335582-30rws724 265 3 found find VBD cord-335582-30rws724 265 4 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 265 5 ' ' POS cord-335582-30rws724 265 6 economic economic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 265 7 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 265 8 social social JJ cord-335582-30rws724 265 9 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 265 10 cultural cultural JJ cord-335582-30rws724 265 11 capital capital NN cord-335582-30rws724 265 12 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 265 13 be be VB cord-335582-30rws724 265 14 associated associate VBN cord-335582-30rws724 265 15 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 265 16 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 265 17 number number NN cord-335582-30rws724 265 18 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 265 19 after after IN cord-335582-30rws724 265 20 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 265 21 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 265 22 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 265 23 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 265 24 which which WDT cord-335582-30rws724 265 25 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 265 26 participated participate VBD cord-335582-30rws724 265 27 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 266 1 For for IN cord-335582-30rws724 266 2 example example NN cord-335582-30rws724 266 3 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 266 4 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 266 5 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 266 6 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 266 7 two two CD cord-335582-30rws724 266 8 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 266 9 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 266 10 lower low JJR cord-335582-30rws724 266 11 secondary secondary JJ cord-335582-30rws724 266 12 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 266 13 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 266 14 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 266 15 average average JJ cord-335582-30rws724 266 16 number number NN cord-335582-30rws724 266 17 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 266 18 after after IN cord-335582-30rws724 266 19 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 266 20 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 266 21 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 266 22 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 266 23 highly highly RB cord-335582-30rws724 266 24 educated educate VBN cord-335582-30rws724 266 25 households household NNS cord-335582-30rws724 266 26 was be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 266 27 3.3 3.3 CD cord-335582-30rws724 266 28 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 266 29 compared compare VBN cord-335582-30rws724 266 30 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 266 31 1.5 1.5 CD cord-335582-30rws724 266 32 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 266 33 households household NNS cord-335582-30rws724 266 34 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 266 35 lower low JJR cord-335582-30rws724 266 36 educational educational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 266 37 levels level NNS cord-335582-30rws724 266 38 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 267 1 Sports sport NNS cord-335582-30rws724 267 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 267 3 foreign foreign JJ cord-335582-30rws724 267 4 languages language NNS cord-335582-30rws724 267 5 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 267 6 artistic artistic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 267 7 practices practice NNS cord-335582-30rws724 267 8 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 267 9 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 267 10 most most RBS cord-335582-30rws724 267 11 frequently frequently RB cord-335582-30rws724 267 12 reported report VBN cord-335582-30rws724 267 13 after after IN cord-335582-30rws724 267 14 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 267 15 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 267 16 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 267 17 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 268 1 By by IN cord-335582-30rws724 268 2 income income NN cord-335582-30rws724 268 3 level level NN cord-335582-30rws724 268 4 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 268 5 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 268 6 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 268 7 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 268 8 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 268 9 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 268 10 lowest low JJS cord-335582-30rws724 268 11 quintile quintile NN cord-335582-30rws724 268 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 268 13 Q1 Q1 NNP cord-335582-30rws724 268 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 268 15 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 268 16 more more RBR cord-335582-30rws724 268 17 represented represent VBN cord-335582-30rws724 268 18 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 268 19 sports sport NNS cord-335582-30rws724 268 20 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 268 21 compensatory compensatory JJ cord-335582-30rws724 268 22 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 268 23 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 268 24 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 268 25 11 11 CD cord-335582-30rws724 268 26 while while IN cord-335582-30rws724 268 27 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 268 28 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 268 29 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 268 30 richest rich JJS cord-335582-30rws724 268 31 quintiles quintile NNS cord-335582-30rws724 268 32 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 268 33 over over RB cord-335582-30rws724 268 34 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 268 35 represented represent VBN cord-335582-30rws724 268 36 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 268 37 foreign foreign JJ cord-335582-30rws724 268 38 language language NN cord-335582-30rws724 268 39 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 268 40 musical musical JJ cord-335582-30rws724 268 41 after after IN cord-335582-30rws724 268 42 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 268 43 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 268 44 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 268 45 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 269 1 As as IN cord-335582-30rws724 269 2 expected expect VBN cord-335582-30rws724 269 3 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 269 4 we -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 269 5 found find VBD cord-335582-30rws724 269 6 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 269 7 most most JJS cord-335582-30rws724 269 8 after after IN cord-335582-30rws724 269 9 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 269 10 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 269 11 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 269 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 269 13 70 70 CD cord-335582-30rws724 269 14 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 269 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 269 16 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 269 17 interrupted interrupt VBN cord-335582-30rws724 269 18 during during IN cord-335582-30rws724 269 19 lockdown lockdown NN cord-335582-30rws724 269 20 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 270 1 However however RB cord-335582-30rws724 270 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 270 3 economic economic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 270 4 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 270 5 cultural cultural JJ cord-335582-30rws724 270 6 inequalities inequality NNS cord-335582-30rws724 270 7 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 270 8 also also RB cord-335582-30rws724 270 9 visible visible JJ cord-335582-30rws724 270 10 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 270 11 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 270 12 probability probability NN cord-335582-30rws724 270 13 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 270 14 maintaining maintain VBG cord-335582-30rws724 270 15 after after IN cord-335582-30rws724 270 16 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 270 17 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 270 18 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 270 19 despite despite IN cord-335582-30rws724 270 20 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 270 21 confinement confinement NN cord-335582-30rws724 270 22 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 271 1 Figure figure NN cord-335582-30rws724 271 2 5 5 CD cord-335582-30rws724 271 3 shows show NNS cord-335582-30rws724 271 4 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 271 5 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 271 6 whose whose WP$ cord-335582-30rws724 271 7 parent parent NN cord-335582-30rws724 271 8 / / SYM cord-335582-30rws724 271 9 s s NNP cord-335582-30rws724 271 10 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 271 11 lower low JJR cord-335582-30rws724 271 12 educational educational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 271 13 levels level NNS cord-335582-30rws724 271 14 already already RB cord-335582-30rws724 271 15 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 271 16 lower low JJR cord-335582-30rws724 271 17 participation participation NN cord-335582-30rws724 271 18 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 271 19 after after IN cord-335582-30rws724 271 20 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 271 21 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 271 22 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 271 23 before before IN cord-335582-30rws724 271 24 lockdown lockdown NN cord-335582-30rws724 271 25 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 271 26 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 271 27 more more RBR cord-335582-30rws724 271 28 likely likely JJ cord-335582-30rws724 271 29 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 271 30 be be VB cord-335582-30rws724 271 31 unable unable JJ cord-335582-30rws724 271 32 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 271 33 continue continue VB cord-335582-30rws724 271 34 them -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 271 35 after after IN cord-335582-30rws724 271 36 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 271 37 closed close VBD cord-335582-30rws724 271 38 than than IN cord-335582-30rws724 271 39 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 271 40 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 271 41 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 271 42 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 271 43 higher high JJR cord-335582-30rws724 271 44 educational educational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 271 45 levels level NNS cord-335582-30rws724 271 46 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 272 1 There there EX cord-335582-30rws724 272 2 are be VBP cord-335582-30rws724 272 3 two two CD cord-335582-30rws724 272 4 main main JJ cord-335582-30rws724 272 5 reasons reason NNS cord-335582-30rws724 272 6 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 272 7 this this DT cord-335582-30rws724 272 8 difference difference NN cord-335582-30rws724 272 9 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 272 10 after after IN cord-335582-30rws724 272 11 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 272 12 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 272 13 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 272 14 after after IN cord-335582-30rws724 272 15 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 272 16 closure closure NN cord-335582-30rws724 272 17 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 272 18 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 272 19 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 273 1 First first RB cord-335582-30rws724 273 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 273 3 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 273 4 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 273 5 higher high JJR cord-335582-30rws724 273 6 economic economic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 273 7 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 273 8 social social JJ cord-335582-30rws724 273 9 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 273 10 cultural cultural JJ cord-335582-30rws724 273 11 capital capital NN cord-335582-30rws724 273 12 participated participate VBD cord-335582-30rws724 273 13 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 273 14 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 273 15 that that WDT cord-335582-30rws724 273 16 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 273 17 more more RBR cord-335582-30rws724 273 18 likely likely JJ cord-335582-30rws724 273 19 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 273 20 continue continue VB cord-335582-30rws724 273 21 online online RB cord-335582-30rws724 273 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 273 23 e.g e.g FW cord-335582-30rws724 273 24 artistic artistic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 273 25 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 273 26 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 273 27 foreign foreign JJ cord-335582-30rws724 273 28 languages language NNS cord-335582-30rws724 273 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 273 30 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 273 31 compared compare VBN cord-335582-30rws724 273 32 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 273 33 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 273 34 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 273 35 more more RBR cord-335582-30rws724 273 36 commonly commonly RB cord-335582-30rws724 273 37 practised practise VBN cord-335582-30rws724 273 38 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 273 39 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 273 40 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 273 41 lower low JJR cord-335582-30rws724 273 42 capital capital NN cord-335582-30rws724 273 43 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 273 44 e.g. e.g. IN cord-335582-30rws724 273 45 sports sport NNS cord-335582-30rws724 273 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 273 47 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 274 1 Second second JJ cord-335582-30rws724 274 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 274 3 voluntary voluntary JJ cord-335582-30rws724 274 4 interruption interruption NN cord-335582-30rws724 274 5 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 274 6 afterschool afterschool NN cord-335582-30rws724 274 7 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 274 8 was be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 274 9 also also RB cord-335582-30rws724 274 10 higher high JJR cord-335582-30rws724 274 11 among among IN cord-335582-30rws724 274 12 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 274 13 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 274 14 lower low JJR cord-335582-30rws724 274 15 ecoomic ecoomic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 274 16 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 274 17 social social JJ cord-335582-30rws724 274 18 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 274 19 cultural cultural JJ cord-335582-30rws724 274 20 capital capital NN cord-335582-30rws724 274 21 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 274 22 due due IN cord-335582-30rws724 274 23 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 274 24 difficulties difficulty NNS cord-335582-30rws724 274 25 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 274 26 coping cope VBG cord-335582-30rws724 274 27 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 274 28 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 274 29 costs cost NNS cord-335582-30rws724 274 30 during during IN cord-335582-30rws724 274 31 times time NNS cord-335582-30rws724 274 32 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 274 33 crisis crisis NN cord-335582-30rws724 274 34 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 275 1 For for IN cord-335582-30rws724 275 2 instance instance NN cord-335582-30rws724 275 3 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 275 4 compensatory compensatory JJ cord-335582-30rws724 275 5 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 275 6 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 275 7 -which -which WDT cord-335582-30rws724 275 8 could could MD cord-335582-30rws724 275 9 be be VB cord-335582-30rws724 275 10 undertaken undertake VBN cord-335582-30rws724 275 11 online online RB cord-335582-30rws724 275 12 -were -were RBR cord-335582-30rws724 275 13 voluntarily voluntarily RB cord-335582-30rws724 275 14 interrupted interrupt VBN cord-335582-30rws724 275 15 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 275 16 25 25 CD cord-335582-30rws724 275 17 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 275 18 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 275 19 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 275 20 who who WP cord-335582-30rws724 275 21 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 275 22 previously previously RB cord-335582-30rws724 275 23 engaged engage VBN cord-335582-30rws724 275 24 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 275 25 Figure figure NN cord-335582-30rws724 275 26 5 5 CD cord-335582-30rws724 275 27 After after IN cord-335582-30rws724 275 28 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 275 29 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 275 30 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 275 31 before before IN cord-335582-30rws724 275 32 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 275 33 after after IN cord-335582-30rws724 275 34 lockdown lockdown NN cord-335582-30rws724 275 35 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 275 36 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 275 37 parental parental JJ cord-335582-30rws724 275 38 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 275 39 attainment attainment NN cord-335582-30rws724 275 40 11 11 CD cord-335582-30rws724 275 41 Compensatory compensatory JJ cord-335582-30rws724 275 42 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 275 43 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 275 44 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 275 45 this this DT cord-335582-30rws724 275 46 context context NN cord-335582-30rws724 275 47 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 275 48 refers refer VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 275 49 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 275 50 those those DT cord-335582-30rws724 275 51 after after IN cord-335582-30rws724 275 52 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 275 53 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 275 54 classes class NNS cord-335582-30rws724 275 55 that that WDT cord-335582-30rws724 275 56 some some DT cord-335582-30rws724 275 57 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 275 58 attend attend VBP cord-335582-30rws724 275 59 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 275 60 reinforce reinforce VB cord-335582-30rws724 275 61 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 275 62 learning learn VBG cord-335582-30rws724 275 63 competencies competency NNS cord-335582-30rws724 275 64 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 276 1 These these DT cord-335582-30rws724 276 2 classes class NNS cord-335582-30rws724 276 3 are be VBP cord-335582-30rws724 276 4 usually usually RB cord-335582-30rws724 276 5 offered offer VBN cord-335582-30rws724 276 6 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 276 7 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 276 8 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 276 9 marked marked JJ cord-335582-30rws724 276 10 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 276 11 difficulties difficulty NNS cord-335582-30rws724 276 12 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 277 1 them -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 277 2 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 278 1 This this DT cord-335582-30rws724 278 2 voluntary voluntary JJ cord-335582-30rws724 278 3 interruption interruption NN cord-335582-30rws724 278 4 was be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 278 5 particularly particularly RB cord-335582-30rws724 278 6 high high JJ cord-335582-30rws724 278 7 among among IN cord-335582-30rws724 278 8 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 278 9 whose whose WP$ cord-335582-30rws724 278 10 parent parent NN cord-335582-30rws724 278 11 / / SYM cord-335582-30rws724 278 12 s s NNS cord-335582-30rws724 278 13 attained attain VBD cord-335582-30rws724 278 14 compulsory compulsory JJ cord-335582-30rws724 278 15 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 278 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 278 17 80 80 CD cord-335582-30rws724 278 18 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 278 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 278 20 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 278 21 compared compare VBN cord-335582-30rws724 278 22 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 278 23 those those DT cord-335582-30rws724 278 24 whose whose WP$ cord-335582-30rws724 278 25 parent parent NN cord-335582-30rws724 278 26 / / SYM cord-335582-30rws724 278 27 s s NNP cord-335582-30rws724 278 28 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 278 29 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 278 30 university university NN cord-335582-30rws724 278 31 degree degree NN cord-335582-30rws724 278 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 278 33 62 62 CD cord-335582-30rws724 278 34 % % NN cord-335582-30rws724 278 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 278 36 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 279 1 Despite despite IN cord-335582-30rws724 279 2 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 279 3 ' ' POS cord-335582-30rws724 279 4 efforts effort NNS cord-335582-30rws724 279 5 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 279 6 maintain maintain VB cord-335582-30rws724 279 7 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 279 8 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 279 9 during during IN cord-335582-30rws724 279 10 lockdown lockdown NN cord-335582-30rws724 279 11 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 279 12 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 279 13 analysis analysis NN cord-335582-30rws724 279 14 reflects reflect VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 279 15 significant significant JJ cord-335582-30rws724 279 16 inequalities inequality NNS cord-335582-30rws724 279 17 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 279 18 exposure exposure NN cord-335582-30rws724 279 19 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 279 20 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 279 21 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 279 22 depending depend VBG cord-335582-30rws724 279 23 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 279 24 family family NN cord-335582-30rws724 279 25 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-335582-30rws724 279 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 279 27 income income NN cord-335582-30rws724 279 28 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 279 29 level level NN cord-335582-30rws724 279 30 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 279 31 educational educational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 279 32 attainment attainment NN cord-335582-30rws724 279 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 279 34 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 279 35 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 279 36 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-335582-30rws724 279 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 279 38 educational educational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 279 39 level level NN cord-335582-30rws724 279 40 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 279 41 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 279 42 sector sector NN cord-335582-30rws724 279 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 279 44 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 280 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 280 2 absence absence NN cord-335582-30rws724 280 3 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 280 4 schooling schooling NN cord-335582-30rws724 280 5 neutralises neutralise VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 280 6 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 280 7 benefits benefit NNS cord-335582-30rws724 280 8 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 280 9 socialisation socialisation NN cord-335582-30rws724 280 10 provided provide VBN cord-335582-30rws724 280 11 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 280 12 early early JJ cord-335582-30rws724 280 13 childhood childhood NN cord-335582-30rws724 280 14 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 280 15 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 280 16 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 280 17 most most RBS cord-335582-30rws724 280 18 vulnerable vulnerable JJ cord-335582-30rws724 280 19 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 280 20 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 281 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 281 2 also also RB cord-335582-30rws724 281 3 disrupts disrupt VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 281 4 those those DT cord-335582-30rws724 281 5 processes process NNS cord-335582-30rws724 281 6 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 281 7 guidance guidance NN cord-335582-30rws724 281 8 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 281 9 accompaniment accompaniment NN cord-335582-30rws724 281 10 which which WDT cord-335582-30rws724 281 11 are be VBP cord-335582-30rws724 281 12 especially especially RB cord-335582-30rws724 281 13 important important JJ cord-335582-30rws724 281 14 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 281 15 adolescent adolescent JJ cord-335582-30rws724 281 16 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 281 17 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 281 18 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 281 19 study study NN cord-335582-30rws724 281 20 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 281 21 work work NN cord-335582-30rws724 281 22 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 281 23 life life NN cord-335582-30rws724 281 24 transitions transition NNS cord-335582-30rws724 281 25 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 282 1 In in IN cord-335582-30rws724 282 2 addition addition NN cord-335582-30rws724 282 3 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 282 4 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 282 5 digital digital JJ cord-335582-30rws724 282 6 divide divide NN cord-335582-30rws724 282 7 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 282 8 visible visible JJ cord-335582-30rws724 282 9 differences difference NNS cord-335582-30rws724 282 10 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 282 11 access access NN cord-335582-30rws724 282 12 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 282 13 technological technological JJ cord-335582-30rws724 282 14 devices device NNS cord-335582-30rws724 282 15 among among IN cord-335582-30rws724 282 16 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 282 17 have have VBP cord-335582-30rws724 282 18 left leave VBN cord-335582-30rws724 282 19 some some DT cord-335582-30rws724 282 20 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 282 21 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 282 22 young young JJ cord-335582-30rws724 282 23 people people NNS cord-335582-30rws724 282 24 without without IN cord-335582-30rws724 282 25 options option NNS cord-335582-30rws724 282 26 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 282 27 connect connect VB cord-335582-30rws724 282 28 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 282 29 learning learn VBG cord-335582-30rws724 282 30 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 282 31 at at RB cord-335582-30rws724 282 32 least least RBS cord-335582-30rws724 282 33 three three CD cord-335582-30rws724 282 34 months month NNS cord-335582-30rws724 282 35 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 282 36 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 282 37 more more RBR cord-335582-30rws724 282 38 probably probably RB cord-335582-30rws724 282 39 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 282 40 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 282 41 six six CD cord-335582-30rws724 282 42 months month NNS cord-335582-30rws724 282 43 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 283 1 Inequalities inequality NNS cord-335582-30rws724 283 2 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 283 3 being be VBG cord-335582-30rws724 283 4 able able JJ cord-335582-30rws724 283 5 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 283 6 maintain maintain VB cord-335582-30rws724 283 7 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 283 8 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 283 9 based base VBN cord-335582-30rws724 283 10 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 283 11 are be VBP cord-335582-30rws724 283 12 not not RB cord-335582-30rws724 283 13 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 283 14 only only JJ cord-335582-30rws724 283 15 existing exist VBG cord-335582-30rws724 283 16 ones one NNS cord-335582-30rws724 283 17 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 284 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 284 2 analysis analysis NN cord-335582-30rws724 284 3 shows show VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 284 4 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 284 5 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 284 6 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 284 7 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 284 8 lower low JJR cord-335582-30rws724 284 9 level level NN cord-335582-30rws724 284 10 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 284 11 parental parental JJ cord-335582-30rws724 284 12 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 284 13 attainment attainment JJ cord-335582-30rws724 284 14 have have VBP cord-335582-30rws724 284 15 fewer few JJR cord-335582-30rws724 284 16 resources resource NNS cord-335582-30rws724 284 17 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 284 18 less less JJR cord-335582-30rws724 284 19 knowledge knowledge NN cord-335582-30rws724 284 20 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 284 21 help help VB cord-335582-30rws724 284 22 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 284 23 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 284 24 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 284 25 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 284 26 tasks task NNS cord-335582-30rws724 284 27 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 285 1 These these DT cord-335582-30rws724 285 2 limitations limitation NNS cord-335582-30rws724 285 3 become become VBP cord-335582-30rws724 285 4 more more RBR cord-335582-30rws724 285 5 acute acute JJ cord-335582-30rws724 285 6 when when WRB cord-335582-30rws724 285 7 support support NN cord-335582-30rws724 285 8 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 285 9 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 285 10 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 285 11 has have VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 285 12 been be VBN cord-335582-30rws724 285 13 reduced reduce VBN cord-335582-30rws724 285 14 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 285 15 demands demand NNS cord-335582-30rws724 285 16 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 285 17 autonomous autonomous JJ cord-335582-30rws724 285 18 work work NN cord-335582-30rws724 285 19 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 285 20 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 285 21 increase increase VBP cord-335582-30rws724 285 22 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 286 1 Likewise likewise RB cord-335582-30rws724 286 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 286 3 family family NN cord-335582-30rws724 286 4 economic economic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 286 5 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 286 6 social social JJ cord-335582-30rws724 286 7 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 286 8 cultural cultural JJ cord-335582-30rws724 286 9 capital capital NN cord-335582-30rws724 286 10 also also RB cord-335582-30rws724 286 11 influences influence VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 286 12 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 286 13 adoption adoption NN cord-335582-30rws724 286 14 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 286 15 everyday everyday JJ cord-335582-30rws724 286 16 informal informal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 286 17 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 286 18 practices practice NNS cord-335582-30rws724 286 19 that that WDT cord-335582-30rws724 286 20 are be VBP cord-335582-30rws724 286 21 more more RBR cord-335582-30rws724 286 22 or or CC cord-335582-30rws724 286 23 less less RBR cord-335582-30rws724 286 24 aligned align VBN cord-335582-30rws724 286 25 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 286 26 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 286 27 logic logic NN cord-335582-30rws724 286 28 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 286 29 which which WDT cord-335582-30rws724 286 30 readily readily RB cord-335582-30rws724 286 31 increases increase VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 286 32 differences difference NNS cord-335582-30rws724 286 33 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 286 34 learning learn VBG cord-335582-30rws724 286 35 opportunities opportunity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 286 36 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 286 37 familiarity familiarity NN cord-335582-30rws724 286 38 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 286 39 what what WP cord-335582-30rws724 286 40 is be VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 286 41 considered consider VBN cord-335582-30rws724 286 42 valid valid JJ cord-335582-30rws724 286 43 knowledge knowledge NN cord-335582-30rws724 286 44 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 287 1 After after IN cord-335582-30rws724 287 2 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 287 3 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 287 4 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 287 5 are be VBP cord-335582-30rws724 287 6 also also RB cord-335582-30rws724 287 7 more more RBR cord-335582-30rws724 287 8 likely likely JJ cord-335582-30rws724 287 9 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 287 10 be be VB cord-335582-30rws724 287 11 maintained maintain VBN cord-335582-30rws724 287 12 among among IN cord-335582-30rws724 287 13 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 287 14 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 287 15 wealthier wealthy JJR cord-335582-30rws724 287 16 families family NNS cord-335582-30rws724 287 17 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 287 18 which which WDT cord-335582-30rws724 287 19 also also RB cord-335582-30rws724 287 20 increases increase VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 287 21 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 287 22 existing exist VBG cord-335582-30rws724 287 23 inequalities inequality NNS cord-335582-30rws724 287 24 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 287 25 this this DT cord-335582-30rws724 287 26 area area NN cord-335582-30rws724 287 27 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 288 1 In in IN cord-335582-30rws724 288 2 sum sum NN cord-335582-30rws724 288 3 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 288 4 if if IN cord-335582-30rws724 288 5 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 288 6 pre pre JJ cord-335582-30rws724 288 7 - - JJ cord-335582-30rws724 288 8 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-335582-30rws724 288 9 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 288 10 system system NN cord-335582-30rws724 288 11 already already RB cord-335582-30rws724 288 12 had have VBD cord-335582-30rws724 288 13 significant significant JJ cord-335582-30rws724 288 14 limitations limitation NNS cord-335582-30rws724 288 15 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 288 16 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 288 17 ability ability NN cord-335582-30rws724 288 18 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 288 19 eliminate eliminate VB cord-335582-30rws724 288 20 existing exist VBG cord-335582-30rws724 288 21 social social JJ cord-335582-30rws724 288 22 inequalities inequality NNS cord-335582-30rws724 288 23 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 288 24 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 288 25 closure closure NN cord-335582-30rws724 288 26 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 288 27 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 288 28 during during IN cord-335582-30rws724 288 29 this this DT cord-335582-30rws724 288 30 period period NN cord-335582-30rws724 288 31 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 288 32 lockdown lockdown NN cord-335582-30rws724 288 33 poses pose VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 288 34 enormous enormous JJ cord-335582-30rws724 288 35 challenges challenge NNS cord-335582-30rws724 288 36 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 288 37 developing develop VBG cord-335582-30rws724 288 38 effective effective JJ cord-335582-30rws724 288 39 policies policy NNS cord-335582-30rws724 288 40 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 288 41 compensate compensate VB cord-335582-30rws724 288 42 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 288 43 learning learn VBG cord-335582-30rws724 288 44 losses loss NNS cord-335582-30rws724 288 45 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 288 46 learning learn VBG cord-335582-30rws724 288 47 inequalities inequality NNS cord-335582-30rws724 288 48 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 289 1 School school NN cord-335582-30rws724 289 2 lockdown lockdown NN cord-335582-30rws724 289 3 has have VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 289 4 not not RB cord-335582-30rws724 289 5 affected affect VBN cord-335582-30rws724 289 6 all all DT cord-335582-30rws724 289 7 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 289 8 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 289 9 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 289 10 same same JJ cord-335582-30rws724 289 11 way way NN cord-335582-30rws724 289 12 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 289 13 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 289 14 significant significant JJ cord-335582-30rws724 289 15 material material NN cord-335582-30rws724 289 16 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 289 17 human human JJ cord-335582-30rws724 289 18 resources resource NNS cord-335582-30rws724 289 19 will will MD cord-335582-30rws724 289 20 be be VB cord-335582-30rws724 289 21 necessary necessary JJ cord-335582-30rws724 289 22 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 289 23 ensure ensure VB cord-335582-30rws724 289 24 that that IN cord-335582-30rws724 289 25 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 289 26 most most RBS cord-335582-30rws724 289 27 vulnerable vulnerable JJ cord-335582-30rws724 289 28 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 289 29 can can MD cord-335582-30rws724 289 30 catch catch VB cord-335582-30rws724 289 31 up up RP cord-335582-30rws724 289 32 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 290 1 An an DT cord-335582-30rws724 290 2 educational educational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 290 3 emergency emergency NN cord-335582-30rws724 290 4 plan plan NN cord-335582-30rws724 290 5 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 290 6 social social JJ cord-335582-30rws724 290 7 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 290 8 educational educational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 290 9 objectives objective NNS cord-335582-30rws724 290 10 will will MD cord-335582-30rws724 290 11 be be VB cord-335582-30rws724 290 12 needed need VBN cord-335582-30rws724 290 13 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 290 14 restore restore VB cord-335582-30rws724 290 15 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 290 16 's 's POS cord-335582-30rws724 290 17 socio socio JJ cord-335582-30rws724 290 18 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 290 19 emotional emotional JJ cord-335582-30rws724 290 20 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 290 21 cognitive cognitive JJ cord-335582-30rws724 290 22 skills skill NNS cord-335582-30rws724 290 23 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 291 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 291 2 individual individual JJ cord-335582-30rws724 291 3 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 291 4 social social JJ cord-335582-30rws724 291 5 costs cost NNS cord-335582-30rws724 291 6 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 291 7 not not RB cord-335582-30rws724 291 8 intervening intervene VBG cord-335582-30rws724 291 9 are be VBP cord-335582-30rws724 291 10 just just RB cord-335582-30rws724 291 11 too too RB cord-335582-30rws724 291 12 high high JJ cord-335582-30rws724 291 13 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 291 14 unfair unfair JJ cord-335582-30rws724 291 15 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 291 16 unequal unequal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 291 17 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 292 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 292 2 is be VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 292 3 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 292 4 responsibility responsibility NN cord-335582-30rws724 292 5 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 292 6 states state NNS cord-335582-30rws724 292 7 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 292 8 countries country NNS cord-335582-30rws724 292 9 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 292 10 ensure ensure VB cord-335582-30rws724 292 11 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 292 12 right right NN cord-335582-30rws724 292 13 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 292 14 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 292 15 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 292 16 these these DT cord-335582-30rws724 292 17 difficult difficult JJ cord-335582-30rws724 292 18 times time NNS cord-335582-30rws724 292 19 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 293 1 Instructional instructional JJ cord-335582-30rws724 293 2 time time NN cord-335582-30rws724 293 3 loss loss NN cord-335582-30rws724 293 4 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 293 5 developing develop VBG cord-335582-30rws724 293 6 countries country NNS cord-335582-30rws724 293 7 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 293 8 Concepts concept NNS cord-335582-30rws724 293 9 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 293 10 measurement measurement NN cord-335582-30rws724 293 11 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 293 12 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 293 13 implications implication NNS cord-335582-30rws724 293 14 Are be VBP cord-335582-30rws724 293 15 summer summer NN cord-335582-30rws724 293 16 programs program NNS cord-335582-30rws724 293 17 effective effective JJ cord-335582-30rws724 293 18 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 293 19 improving improve VBG cord-335582-30rws724 293 20 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 293 21 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 293 22 educational educational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 293 23 outcomes outcome NNS cord-335582-30rws724 293 24 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 293 25 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 293 26 ? ? . cord-335582-30rws724 294 1 Barcelona Barcelona NNP cord-335582-30rws724 294 2 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 295 1 Ivàlua Ivàlua NNP cord-335582-30rws724 295 2 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 295 3 Fundació Fundació NNP cord-335582-30rws724 295 4 Jaume Jaume NNP cord-335582-30rws724 295 5 Bofill Bofill NNP cord-335582-30rws724 295 6 Climas Climas NNP cord-335582-30rws724 295 7 y y NNP cord-335582-30rws724 296 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 296 2 sobre sobre NNP cord-335582-30rws724 296 3 todo todo NNP cord-335582-30rws724 296 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 296 5 culturas culturas NNP cord-335582-30rws724 296 6 escolares escolares NNP cord-335582-30rws724 296 7 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 297 1 cómo cómo NNP cord-335582-30rws724 297 2 se se NNP cord-335582-30rws724 297 3 explican explican NNP cord-335582-30rws724 297 4 y y NNP cord-335582-30rws724 297 5 qué qué NNP cord-335582-30rws724 298 1 permiten permiten NNP cord-335582-30rws724 298 2 explicar explicar NNP cord-335582-30rws724 298 3 Familia Familia NNP cord-335582-30rws724 298 4 y y NNP cord-335582-30rws724 298 5 relaciones relaciones NNP cord-335582-30rws724 298 6 intergeneracionales intergeneracionales NNP cord-335582-30rws724 298 7 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 298 8 un un NNP cord-335582-30rws724 298 9 espacio espacio NNP cord-335582-30rws724 298 10 de de NNP cord-335582-30rws724 298 11 oportunidades oportunidades NNP cord-335582-30rws724 298 12 para para NNP cord-335582-30rws724 298 13 la la NNP cord-335582-30rws724 298 14 educación educación NNP cord-335582-30rws724 298 15 de de NNP cord-335582-30rws724 298 16 los los NNP cord-335582-30rws724 298 17 hijos hijos NNP cord-335582-30rws724 298 18 e e NNP cord-335582-30rws724 298 19 hijas hijas NNP cord-335582-30rws724 298 20 [ [ -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 298 21 Family Family NNP cord-335582-30rws724 298 22 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 298 23 intergenerational intergenerational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 298 24 relations relation NNS cord-335582-30rws724 298 25 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 298 26 A a DT cord-335582-30rws724 298 27 space space NN cord-335582-30rws724 298 28 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 298 29 opportunity opportunity NN cord-335582-30rws724 298 30 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 298 31 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 298 32 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 298 33 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 298 34 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 299 1 Do do VB cord-335582-30rws724 299 2 teacher teacher NN cord-335582-30rws724 299 3 strikes strike NNS cord-335582-30rws724 299 4 harm harm VB cord-335582-30rws724 299 5 educational educational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 299 6 attainment attainment NN cord-335582-30rws724 299 7 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 299 8 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 299 9 ? ? . cord-335582-30rws724 300 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 300 2 digital digital JJ cord-335582-30rws724 300 3 divide divide NN cord-335582-30rws724 300 4 among among IN cord-335582-30rws724 300 5 Twitter Twitter NNP cord-335582-30rws724 300 6 users user NNS cord-335582-30rws724 300 7 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 300 8 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 300 9 implications implication NNS cord-335582-30rws724 300 10 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 300 11 social social JJ cord-335582-30rws724 300 12 research research NN cord-335582-30rws724 300 13 Closing closing NN cord-335582-30rws724 300 14 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 300 15 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 300 16 response response NN cord-335582-30rws724 300 17 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 300 18 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 300 19 2009 2009 CD cord-335582-30rws724 300 20 pandemic pandemic NN cord-335582-30rws724 300 21 influenza influenza NN cord-335582-30rws724 300 22 A a DT cord-335582-30rws724 300 23 H1N1 H1N1 NNP cord-335582-30rws724 300 24 virus virus NN cord-335582-30rws724 300 25 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 300 26 New New NNP cord-335582-30rws724 300 27 York York NNP cord-335582-30rws724 300 28 City City NNP cord-335582-30rws724 300 29 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 300 30 Economic economic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 300 31 impact impact NN cord-335582-30rws724 300 32 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 300 33 households household NNS cord-335582-30rws724 301 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 301 2 forms form NNS cord-335582-30rws724 301 3 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 301 4 capital capital NN cord-335582-30rws724 302 1 A a DT cord-335582-30rws724 302 2 dual dual JJ cord-335582-30rws724 302 3 step step NN cord-335582-30rws724 302 4 transfer transfer NN cord-335582-30rws724 302 5 model model NN cord-335582-30rws724 302 6 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 302 7 Sport sport NN cord-335582-30rws724 302 8 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 302 9 non non JJ cord-335582-30rws724 302 10 - - JJ cord-335582-30rws724 302 11 sport sport JJ cord-335582-30rws724 302 12 extracurricular extracurricular JJ cord-335582-30rws724 302 13 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 302 14 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 302 15 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 302 16 enhancement enhancement NN cord-335582-30rws724 302 17 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 302 18 academic academic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 302 19 achievement achievement NN cord-335582-30rws724 302 20 Schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 302 21 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 302 22 skills skill NNS cord-335582-30rws724 302 23 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 302 24 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 302 25 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 302 26 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 302 27 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 302 28 impact impact NN cord-335582-30rws724 302 29 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 302 30 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-335582-30rws724 302 31 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 302 32 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 302 33 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 303 1 VOX VOX NNP cord-335582-30rws724 303 2 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 303 3 CEPR CEPR NNP cord-335582-30rws724 303 4 Policy Policy NNP cord-335582-30rws724 303 5 Portal Portal NNP cord-335582-30rws724 304 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 304 2 more more JJR cord-335582-30rws724 304 3 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 304 4 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 304 5 better well JJR cord-335582-30rws724 304 6 ? ? . cord-335582-30rws724 305 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 305 2 impact impact NN cord-335582-30rws724 305 3 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 305 4 instructional instructional JJ cord-335582-30rws724 305 5 time time NN cord-335582-30rws724 305 6 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 305 7 student student NN cord-335582-30rws724 305 8 performance performance NN cord-335582-30rws724 305 9 Social Social NNP cord-335582-30rws724 305 10 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 305 11 economic economic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 305 12 impact impact NN cord-335582-30rws724 305 13 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 305 14 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 305 15 closure closure NN cord-335582-30rws724 305 16 resulting result VBG cord-335582-30rws724 305 17 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 305 18 pandemic pandemic NN cord-335582-30rws724 306 1 influenza influenza NNP cord-335582-30rws724 306 2 A A NNP cord-335582-30rws724 306 3 / / SYM cord-335582-30rws724 306 4 H1N1 H1N1 NNP cord-335582-30rws724 307 1 How how WRB cord-335582-30rws724 307 2 did do VBD cord-335582-30rws724 307 3 COVID-19 covid-19 VB cord-335582-30rws724 307 4 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 307 5 stabilization stabilization NN cord-335582-30rws724 307 6 policies policy NNS cord-335582-30rws724 307 7 ffect ffect NN cord-335582-30rws724 307 8 spending spending NN cord-335582-30rws724 307 9 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 307 10 employment employment NN cord-335582-30rws724 307 11 ? ? . cord-335582-30rws724 308 1 A a DT cord-335582-30rws724 308 2 new new JJ cord-335582-30rws724 308 3 real real JJ cord-335582-30rws724 308 4 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 308 5 time time NN cord-335582-30rws724 308 6 economic economic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 308 7 tracker tracker NN cord-335582-30rws724 308 8 based base VBN cord-335582-30rws724 308 9 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 308 10 private private JJ cord-335582-30rws724 308 11 sector sector NN cord-335582-30rws724 308 12 data datum NNS cord-335582-30rws724 308 13 Impact Impact NNP cord-335582-30rws724 308 14 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 308 15 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 308 16 closures closure NNS cord-335582-30rws724 308 17 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 308 18 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 308 19 attainment attainment JJ cord-335582-30rws724 308 20 gap gap NN cord-335582-30rws724 308 21 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 309 1 Rapid rapid JJ cord-335582-30rws724 309 2 evidence evidence NN cord-335582-30rws724 309 3 assessment assessment NN cord-335582-30rws724 309 4 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 310 1 London London NNP cord-335582-30rws724 310 2 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 310 3 Education Education NNP cord-335582-30rws724 310 4 Endowment Endowment NNP cord-335582-30rws724 310 5 Foundation Foundation NNP cord-335582-30rws724 310 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 310 7 EEF EEF NNP cord-335582-30rws724 310 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 311 1 How how WRB cord-335582-30rws724 311 2 does do VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 311 3 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 311 4 improve improve VB cord-335582-30rws724 311 5 cognitive cognitive JJ cord-335582-30rws724 311 6 skills skill NNS cord-335582-30rws724 311 7 ? ? . cord-335582-30rws724 312 1 instructional instructional JJ cord-335582-30rws724 312 2 time time NN cord-335582-30rws724 312 3 versus versus IN cord-335582-30rws724 312 4 timing timing NN cord-335582-30rws724 312 5 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 312 6 instruction instruction NN cord-335582-30rws724 312 7 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 313 1 German german JJ cord-335582-30rws724 313 2 Socio Socio NNP cord-335582-30rws724 313 3 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 313 4 Economic Economic NNP cord-335582-30rws724 313 5 Panel Panel NNP cord-335582-30rws724 313 6 Study Study NNP cord-335582-30rws724 313 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 313 8 SOEP)paper SOEP)paper NNP cord-335582-30rws724 313 9 series series NN cord-335582-30rws724 314 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 314 2 attainment attainment JJ cord-335582-30rws724 314 3 gap gap NN cord-335582-30rws724 314 4 // // NN cord-335582-30rws724 314 5 2017 2017 CD cord-335582-30rws724 314 6 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 315 1 London London NNP cord-335582-30rws724 315 2 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 316 1 Education Education NNP cord-335582-30rws724 316 2 Endowment Endowment NNP cord-335582-30rws724 316 3 Foundation Foundation NNP cord-335582-30rws724 316 4 Research Research NNP cord-335582-30rws724 316 5 shows show VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 316 6 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 316 7 falling fall VBG cord-335582-30rws724 316 8 months month NNS cord-335582-30rws724 316 9 behind behind RB cord-335582-30rws724 316 10 during during IN cord-335582-30rws724 316 11 virus virus NN cord-335582-30rws724 316 12 disruptions disruption NNS cord-335582-30rws724 316 13 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 317 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 317 2 New New NNP cord-335582-30rws724 317 3 York York NNP cord-335582-30rws724 317 4 Times Times NNP cord-335582-30rws724 317 5 What what WDT cord-335582-30rws724 317 6 impact impact NN cord-335582-30rws724 317 7 do do VBP cord-335582-30rws724 317 8 after after IN cord-335582-30rws724 317 9 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 317 10 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 317 11 activities activity NNS cord-335582-30rws724 317 12 have have VBP cord-335582-30rws724 317 13 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 317 14 children child NNS cord-335582-30rws724 317 15 's 's POS cord-335582-30rws724 317 16 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 317 17 youngsters youngster NNS cord-335582-30rws724 317 18 ' ' POS cord-335582-30rws724 317 19 learning learn VBG cord-335582-30rws724 317 20 ? ? . cord-335582-30rws724 318 1 What what WP cord-335582-30rws724 318 2 works work VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 318 3 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 318 4 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 318 5 ? ? . cord-335582-30rws724 319 1 series series NNP cord-335582-30rws724 319 2 Are be VBP cord-335582-30rws724 319 3 programmes programme NNS cord-335582-30rws724 319 4 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 319 5 combat combat VB cord-335582-30rws724 319 6 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 319 7 absenteeism absenteeism NN cord-335582-30rws724 319 8 effective effective JJ cord-335582-30rws724 319 9 ? ? . cord-335582-30rws724 320 1 What what WP cord-335582-30rws724 320 2 works work VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 320 3 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 320 4 Education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 320 5 ? ? . cord-335582-30rws724 321 1 series series NNP cord-335582-30rws724 321 2 Flaking flake VBG cord-335582-30rws724 321 3 out out RP cord-335582-30rws724 321 4 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 321 5 Student student NN cord-335582-30rws724 321 6 absences absence NNS cord-335582-30rws724 321 7 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 321 8 snow snow NN cord-335582-30rws724 321 9 days day NNS cord-335582-30rws724 322 1 as as IN cord-335582-30rws724 322 2 disruptions disruption NNS cord-335582-30rws724 322 3 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 322 4 instruction instruction NN cord-335582-30rws724 322 5 time time NN cord-335582-30rws724 322 6 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 323 1 NBER NBER NNP cord-335582-30rws724 323 2 Working Working NNP cord-335582-30rws724 323 3 Paper Paper NNP cord-335582-30rws724 323 4 series series NN cord-335582-30rws724 323 5 Constitución Constitución NNP cord-335582-30rws724 323 6 Española Española NNP cord-335582-30rws724 324 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 324 2 Spanish Spanish NNP cord-335582-30rws724 324 3 Constitution Constitution NNP cord-335582-30rws724 324 4 Student Student NNP cord-335582-30rws724 324 5 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 324 6 time time NN cord-335582-30rws724 324 7 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 325 1 A a DT cord-335582-30rws724 325 2 literature literature NN cord-335582-30rws724 325 3 review review NN cord-335582-30rws724 325 4 Time time NN cord-335582-30rws724 325 5 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 325 6 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 325 7 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 326 1 Introduction introduction NN cord-335582-30rws724 327 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 327 2 struggle struggle NN cord-335582-30rws724 327 3 to to TO cord-335582-30rws724 327 4 pass pass VB cord-335582-30rws724 327 5 algebra algebra NN cord-335582-30rws724 327 6 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 327 7 Online online JJ cord-335582-30rws724 327 8 vs. vs. IN cord-335582-30rws724 327 9 face face NN cord-335582-30rws724 327 10 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 327 11 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 327 12 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 327 13 face face NN cord-335582-30rws724 327 14 credit credit NN cord-335582-30rws724 327 15 recovery recovery NN cord-335582-30rws724 327 16 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 327 17 at at IN cord-335582-30rws724 327 18 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 327 19 risk risk NN cord-335582-30rws724 327 20 urban urban JJ cord-335582-30rws724 327 21 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 327 22 Increased increase VBD cord-335582-30rws724 327 23 instruction instruction NN cord-335582-30rws724 327 24 hours hour NNS cord-335582-30rws724 327 25 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 327 26 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 327 27 widening widen VBG cord-335582-30rws724 327 28 gap gap NN cord-335582-30rws724 327 29 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 327 30 student student NN cord-335582-30rws724 327 31 performance performance NN cord-335582-30rws724 327 32 Scientific Scientific NNP cord-335582-30rws724 327 33 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 327 34 Cultural Cultural NNP cord-335582-30rws724 327 35 Organization Organization NNP cord-335582-30rws724 327 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 328 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 328 2 n.d.-a n.d.-a NNP cord-335582-30rws724 328 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 328 4 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 329 1 Instructional instructional JJ cord-335582-30rws724 329 2 time time NN cord-335582-30rws724 329 3 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 330 1 IBE IBE NNP cord-335582-30rws724 330 2 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 330 3 UNESCO UNESCO NNP cord-335582-30rws724 330 4 Glossary Glossary NNP cord-335582-30rws724 330 5 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 330 6 curriculum curriculum NN cord-335582-30rws724 330 7 terminology terminology NN cord-335582-30rws724 330 8 Learning learn VBG cord-335582-30rws724 330 9 time time NN cord-335582-30rws724 330 10 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 331 1 IBE IBE NNP cord-335582-30rws724 331 2 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 331 3 UNESCO UNESCO NNP cord-335582-30rws724 331 4 Glossary Glossary NNP cord-335582-30rws724 331 5 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 331 6 curriculum curriculum NN cord-335582-30rws724 331 7 terminology terminology NN cord-335582-30rws724 331 8 Population population NN cord-335582-30rws724 331 9 figures figure NNS cord-335582-30rws724 331 10 [ [ -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 331 11 online online JJ cord-335582-30rws724 331 12 resource resource NN cord-335582-30rws724 332 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 332 2 should should MD cord-335582-30rws724 332 3 avoid avoid VB cord-335582-30rws724 332 4 flattening flatten VBG cord-335582-30rws724 332 5 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 332 6 curve curve NN cord-335582-30rws724 332 7 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 332 8 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 332 9 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 333 1 Possible possible JJ cord-335582-30rws724 333 2 scenarios scenario NNS cord-335582-30rws724 333 3 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 333 4 learning learn VBG cord-335582-30rws724 333 5 loss loss NN cord-335582-30rws724 333 6 during during IN cord-335582-30rws724 333 7 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 333 8 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 333 9 lockdowns lockdown NNS cord-335582-30rws724 333 10 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 334 1 Education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 334 2 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 334 3 Global Global NNP cord-335582-30rws724 334 4 Development Development NNP cord-335582-30rws724 335 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 335 2 long long RB cord-335582-30rws724 335 3 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 335 4 run run NN cord-335582-30rws724 335 5 effects effect NNS cord-335582-30rws724 335 6 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 335 7 teacher teacher NN cord-335582-30rws724 335 8 strikes strike VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 335 9 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 335 10 Evidence evidence NN cord-335582-30rws724 335 11 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 335 12 Argentina Argentina NNP cord-335582-30rws724 335 13 Remote Remote NNP cord-335582-30rws724 335 14 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 335 15 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 335 16 Rapid rapid JJ cord-335582-30rws724 335 17 evidence evidence NN cord-335582-30rws724 335 18 assessment assessment NN cord-335582-30rws724 335 19 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 336 1 London London NNP cord-335582-30rws724 336 2 / / SYM cord-335582-30rws724 336 3 Cambridge Cambridge NNP cord-335582-30rws724 336 4 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 337 1 Education Education NNP cord-335582-30rws724 337 2 Endowment Endowment NNP cord-335582-30rws724 337 3 Foundation Foundation NNP cord-335582-30rws724 338 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 338 2 EEF)/EdTechHub EEF)/EdTechHub NNP cord-335582-30rws724 338 3 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 339 1 Retrieved retrieve VBN cord-335582-30rws724 339 2 Projecting project VBG cord-335582-30rws724 339 3 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 339 4 potential potential JJ cord-335582-30rws724 339 5 impacts impact NNS cord-335582-30rws724 339 6 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 339 7 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-335582-30rws724 339 8 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 339 9 closures closure NNS cord-335582-30rws724 339 10 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 339 11 academic academic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 339 12 achievement achievement NN cord-335582-30rws724 340 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 340 2 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-335582-30rws724 340 3 slide slide NN cord-335582-30rws724 340 4 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 340 5 What what WP cord-335582-30rws724 340 6 summer summer NN cord-335582-30rws724 340 7 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 340 8 loss loss NN cord-335582-30rws724 340 9 can can MD cord-335582-30rws724 340 10 tell tell VB cord-335582-30rws724 340 11 us -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 340 12 about about IN cord-335582-30rws724 340 13 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 340 14 potential potential JJ cord-335582-30rws724 340 15 impact impact NN cord-335582-30rws724 340 16 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 340 17 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 340 18 closures closure NNS cord-335582-30rws724 340 19 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 340 20 student student NN cord-335582-30rws724 340 21 academic academic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 340 22 achievement achievement NN cord-335582-30rws724 341 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 341 2 effectiveness effectiveness NN cord-335582-30rws724 341 3 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 341 4 out out IN cord-335582-30rws724 341 5 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 341 6 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 341 7 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 341 8 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 341 9 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 341 10 time time NN cord-335582-30rws724 341 11 strategies strategy NNS cord-335582-30rws724 341 12 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 341 13 assisting assist VBG cord-335582-30rws724 341 14 low low RB cord-335582-30rws724 341 15 - - HYPH cord-335582-30rws724 341 16 achieving achieve VBG cord-335582-30rws724 341 17 students student NNS cord-335582-30rws724 341 18 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 341 19 reading reading NN cord-335582-30rws724 341 20 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 341 21 mathematics mathematic NNS cord-335582-30rws724 341 22 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 341 23 A a DT cord-335582-30rws724 341 24 research research NN cord-335582-30rws724 341 25 synthesis synthesis NN cord-335582-30rws724 341 26 Unscheduled unscheduled JJ cord-335582-30rws724 341 27 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 341 28 closings closing NNS cord-335582-30rws724 341 29 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 341 30 student student NN cord-335582-30rws724 341 31 performance performance NN cord-335582-30rws724 341 32 Patterns pattern NNS cord-335582-30rws724 341 33 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 341 34 literacy literacy NN cord-335582-30rws724 341 35 learning learn VBG cord-335582-30rws724 341 36 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 341 37 German german JJ cord-335582-30rws724 341 38 primary primary JJ cord-335582-30rws724 341 39 schools school NNS cord-335582-30rws724 341 40 over over IN cord-335582-30rws724 341 41 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 341 42 summer summer NN cord-335582-30rws724 341 43 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 341 44 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 341 45 influence influence NN cord-335582-30rws724 341 46 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 341 47 home home NN cord-335582-30rws724 341 48 literacy literacy NN cord-335582-30rws724 341 49 practices practice NNS cord-335582-30rws724 341 50 Home Home NNP cord-335582-30rws724 341 51 environment environment NN cord-335582-30rws724 341 52 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 341 53 parental parental JJ cord-335582-30rws724 341 54 involvement involvement NN cord-335582-30rws724 341 55 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 341 56 homework homework NN cord-335582-30rws724 341 57 during during IN cord-335582-30rws724 341 58 adolescence adolescence NN cord-335582-30rws724 341 59 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 341 60 Catalonia Catalonia NNP cord-335582-30rws724 341 61 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 341 62 Spain Spain NNP cord-335582-30rws724 341 63 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 342 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 342 2 intergenerational intergenerational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 342 3 effects effect NNS cord-335582-30rws724 342 4 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 342 5 compulsory compulsory JJ cord-335582-30rws724 342 6 schooling schooling NN cord-335582-30rws724 342 7 Family family NN cord-335582-30rws724 342 8 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 342 9 schooling schooling NN cord-335582-30rws724 342 10 experiences experience NNS cord-335582-30rws724 342 11 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 342 12 racial racial JJ cord-335582-30rws724 342 13 / / SYM cord-335582-30rws724 342 14 ethnic ethnic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 342 15 academic academic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 342 16 achievement achievement NN cord-335582-30rws724 342 17 gaps gap NNS cord-335582-30rws724 342 18 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 342 19 A a DT cord-335582-30rws724 342 20 cumulative cumulative JJ cord-335582-30rws724 342 21 perspective perspective NN cord-335582-30rws724 342 22 Seasonal seasonal JJ cord-335582-30rws724 342 23 dynamics dynamic NNS cord-335582-30rws724 342 24 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 342 25 academic academic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 342 26 achievement achievement NN cord-335582-30rws724 342 27 inequality inequality NN cord-335582-30rws724 342 28 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 342 29 socioeconomic socioeconomic JJ cord-335582-30rws724 342 30 status status NN cord-335582-30rws724 342 31 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 342 32 race race NN cord-335582-30rws724 342 33 / / SYM cord-335582-30rws724 342 34 ethnicity ethnicity NN cord-335582-30rws724 342 35 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 342 36 Updating update VBG cord-335582-30rws724 342 37 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 342 38 Extending extend VBG cord-335582-30rws724 342 39 past past JJ cord-335582-30rws724 342 40 research research NN cord-335582-30rws724 342 41 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 342 42 new new JJ cord-335582-30rws724 342 43 national national JJ cord-335582-30rws724 342 44 data datum NNS cord-335582-30rws724 342 45 Estimating estimate VBG cord-335582-30rws724 342 46 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 342 47 costs cost NNS cord-335582-30rws724 342 48 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 342 49 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 342 50 closure closure NN cord-335582-30rws724 342 51 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 342 52 mitigating mitigate VBG cord-335582-30rws724 342 53 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 342 54 influenza influenza NN cord-335582-30rws724 342 55 pandemic pandemic NN cord-335582-30rws724 342 56 Effectiveness effectiveness NN cord-335582-30rws724 342 57 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 342 58 time time NN cord-335582-30rws724 342 59 investments investment NNS cord-335582-30rws724 342 60 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 342 61 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 342 62 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 343 1 SpringerBriefs SpringerBriefs NNP cord-335582-30rws724 343 2 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 343 3 Education Education NNP cord-335582-30rws724 343 4 series series NN cord-335582-30rws724 344 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 344 2 impact impact NN cord-335582-30rws724 344 3 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 344 4 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 344 5 great great JJ cord-335582-30rws724 344 6 recession recession NN cord-335582-30rws724 344 7 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 344 8 student student NN cord-335582-30rws724 344 9 achievement achievement NN cord-335582-30rws724 344 10 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 344 11 Evidence evidence NN cord-335582-30rws724 344 12 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 344 13 population population NN cord-335582-30rws724 344 14 data datum NNS cord-335582-30rws724 344 15 Educació Educació NNP cord-335582-30rws724 344 16 detecta detecta NNP cord-335582-30rws724 344 17 55.000 55.000 CD cord-335582-30rws724 344 18 famílies famílie NNS cord-335582-30rws724 344 19 sense sense NN cord-335582-30rws724 344 20 ordinador ordinador NNP cord-335582-30rws724 345 1 o o UH cord-335582-30rws724 346 1 sense sense NNP cord-335582-30rws724 346 2 connexió connexió NNP cord-335582-30rws724 346 3 per per IN cord-335582-30rws724 346 4 poder poder FW cord-335582-30rws724 346 5 seguir seguir NNP cord-335582-30rws724 346 6 les les FW cord-335582-30rws724 346 7 classes class VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 346 8 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 346 9 distància distància NNP cord-335582-30rws724 346 10 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-335582-30rws724 346 11 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 346 12 school school NN cord-335582-30rws724 346 13 closures closure NNS cord-335582-30rws724 346 14 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 346 15 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 346 16 child child NN cord-335582-30rws724 346 17 poverty poverty NN cord-335582-30rws724 346 18 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 347 1 A a DT cord-335582-30rws724 347 2 social social JJ cord-335582-30rws724 347 3 crisis crisis NN cord-335582-30rws724 347 4 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 347 5 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 347 6 making making NN cord-335582-30rws724 347 7 Is be VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 347 8 summer summer NN cord-335582-30rws724 347 9 learning learning NN cord-335582-30rws724 347 10 loss loss NN cord-335582-30rws724 347 11 real real JJ cord-335582-30rws724 347 12 ? ? . cord-335582-30rws724 348 1 Education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 349 1 Next Next NNP cord-335582-30rws724 349 2 Publisher publisher NN cord-335582-30rws724 349 3 's 's POS cord-335582-30rws724 349 4 Note Note NNP cord-335582-30rws724 349 5 Springer Springer NNP cord-335582-30rws724 349 6 Nature Nature NNP cord-335582-30rws724 349 7 remains remain VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 349 8 neutral neutral JJ cord-335582-30rws724 349 9 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 349 10 regard regard NN cord-335582-30rws724 349 11 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 349 12 jurisdictional jurisdictional JJ cord-335582-30rws724 349 13 claims claim NNS cord-335582-30rws724 349 14 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 349 15 published publish VBN cord-335582-30rws724 349 16 maps map NNS cord-335582-30rws724 349 17 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 349 18 institutional institutional JJ cord-335582-30rws724 349 19 affiliations affiliation NNS cord-335582-30rws724 350 1 He -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 350 2 has have VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 350 3 been be VBN cord-335582-30rws724 350 4 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 350 5 member member NN cord-335582-30rws724 350 6 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 350 7 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 350 8 EU EU NNP cord-335582-30rws724 350 9 Network Network NNP cord-335582-30rws724 350 10 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 350 11 Experts Experts NNPS cord-335582-30rws724 350 12 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 350 13 Social Social NNP cord-335582-30rws724 350 14 Sciences Sciences NNPS cord-335582-30rws724 350 15 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 350 16 Education Education NNP cord-335582-30rws724 350 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 350 18 NESSE NESSE NNP cord-335582-30rws724 350 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 350 20 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 350 21 is be VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 350 22 an an DT cord-335582-30rws724 350 23 editorial editorial JJ cord-335582-30rws724 350 24 board board NN cord-335582-30rws724 350 25 member member NN cord-335582-30rws724 350 26 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 350 27 several several JJ cord-335582-30rws724 350 28 international international JJ cord-335582-30rws724 350 29 journals journal NNS cord-335582-30rws724 350 30 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 350 31 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 350 32 policies policy NNS cord-335582-30rws724 350 33 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 350 34 educational educational JJ cord-335582-30rws724 350 35 development development NN cord-335582-30rws724 350 36 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 351 1 Xavier Xavier NNP cord-335582-30rws724 351 2 has have VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 351 3 widely widely RB cord-335582-30rws724 351 4 published publish VBN cord-335582-30rws724 351 5 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 351 6 national national JJ cord-335582-30rws724 351 7 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 351 8 international international JJ cord-335582-30rws724 351 9 journals journal NNS cord-335582-30rws724 351 10 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 351 11 is be VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 351 12 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 351 13 author author NN cord-335582-30rws724 351 14 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 351 15 several several JJ cord-335582-30rws724 351 16 books book NNS cord-335582-30rws724 351 17 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 351 18 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 351 19 sociology sociology NN cord-335582-30rws724 351 20 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 351 21 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 351 22 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 351 23 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 351 24 policy policy NN cord-335582-30rws724 351 25 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 351 26 globalisation globalisation NN cord-335582-30rws724 351 27 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 351 28 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 351 29 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 351 30 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 351 31 development development NN cord-335582-30rws724 351 32 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 352 1 He -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 352 2 has have VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 352 3 worked work VBN cord-335582-30rws724 352 4 as as IN cord-335582-30rws724 352 5 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 352 6 consultant consultant NN cord-335582-30rws724 352 7 for for IN cord-335582-30rws724 352 8 international international JJ cord-335582-30rws724 352 9 organisations organisation NNS cord-335582-30rws724 352 10 such such JJ cord-335582-30rws724 352 11 as as IN cord-335582-30rws724 352 12 UNESCO UNESCO NNP cord-335582-30rws724 352 13 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 352 14 UNICEF UNICEF NNP cord-335582-30rws724 352 15 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 352 16 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 352 17 European European NNP cord-335582-30rws724 352 18 Commission Commission NNP cord-335582-30rws724 352 19 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 352 20 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 352 21 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 352 22 Council Council NNP cord-335582-30rws724 352 23 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 352 24 Europe Europe NNP cord-335582-30rws724 353 1 She -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 353 2 is be VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 353 3 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 353 4 member member NN cord-335582-30rws724 353 5 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 353 6 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 353 7 Institute Institute NNP cord-335582-30rws724 353 8 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 353 9 Government Government NNP cord-335582-30rws724 353 10 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 353 11 Public Public NNP cord-335582-30rws724 353 12 Policy Policy NNP cord-335582-30rws724 353 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 353 14 IGOP IGOP NNP cord-335582-30rws724 353 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 353 16 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 353 17 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 353 18 Globalisation Globalisation NNP cord-335582-30rws724 353 19 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 353 20 Education Education NNP cord-335582-30rws724 353 21 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 353 22 Social Social NNP cord-335582-30rws724 353 23 Policies Policies NNPS cord-335582-30rws724 353 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-335582-30rws724 353 25 GEPS GEPS NNP cord-335582-30rws724 353 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-335582-30rws724 353 27 research research NN cord-335582-30rws724 353 28 centre centre NN cord-335582-30rws724 353 29 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 354 1 Her -PRON- PRP$ cord-335582-30rws724 354 2 research research NN cord-335582-30rws724 354 3 interests interest NNS cord-335582-30rws724 354 4 include include VBP cord-335582-30rws724 354 5 public public JJ cord-335582-30rws724 354 6 policy policy NN cord-335582-30rws724 354 7 analysis analysis NN cord-335582-30rws724 354 8 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 354 9 social social JJ cord-335582-30rws724 354 10 inequalities inequality NNS cord-335582-30rws724 354 11 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 354 12 with with IN cord-335582-30rws724 354 13 a a DT cord-335582-30rws724 354 14 special special JJ cord-335582-30rws724 354 15 focus focus NN cord-335582-30rws724 354 16 on on IN cord-335582-30rws724 354 17 education education NN cord-335582-30rws724 354 18 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 354 19 migration migration NN cord-335582-30rws724 354 20 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 355 1 Sheila Sheila NNP cord-335582-30rws724 355 2 has have VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 355 3 conducted conduct VBN cord-335582-30rws724 355 4 several several JJ cord-335582-30rws724 355 5 research research NN cord-335582-30rws724 355 6 projects project NNS cord-335582-30rws724 355 7 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 355 8 this this DT cord-335582-30rws724 355 9 field field NN cord-335582-30rws724 355 10 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 355 11 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 355 12 she -PRON- PRP cord-335582-30rws724 355 13 has have VBZ cord-335582-30rws724 355 14 experience experience NN cord-335582-30rws724 355 15 in in IN cord-335582-30rws724 355 16 policy policy NN cord-335582-30rws724 355 17 analysis analysis NN cord-335582-30rws724 355 18 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 355 19 policy policy NN cord-335582-30rws724 355 20 evaluation evaluation NN cord-335582-30rws724 356 1 The the DT cord-335582-30rws724 356 2 data datum NNS cord-335582-30rws724 356 3 that that WDT cord-335582-30rws724 356 4 support support VBP cord-335582-30rws724 356 5 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 356 6 findings finding NNS cord-335582-30rws724 356 7 of of IN cord-335582-30rws724 356 8 this this DT cord-335582-30rws724 356 9 study study NN cord-335582-30rws724 356 10 are be VBP cord-335582-30rws724 356 11 available available JJ cord-335582-30rws724 356 12 from from IN cord-335582-30rws724 356 13 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 356 14 corresponding correspond VBG cord-335582-30rws724 356 15 author author NN cord-335582-30rws724 356 16 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 356 17 upon upon IN cord-335582-30rws724 356 18 reasonable reasonable JJ cord-335582-30rws724 356 19 request request NN cord-335582-30rws724 356 20 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 357 1 Authors author NNS cord-335582-30rws724 357 2 ' ' POS cord-335582-30rws724 357 3 contributions contribution NNS cord-335582-30rws724 357 4 : : : cord-335582-30rws724 357 5 all all DT cord-335582-30rws724 357 6 authors author NNS cord-335582-30rws724 357 7 contributed contribute VBD cord-335582-30rws724 357 8 to to IN cord-335582-30rws724 357 9 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 357 10 study study NN cord-335582-30rws724 357 11 conception conception NN cord-335582-30rws724 357 12 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 357 13 design design NN cord-335582-30rws724 357 14 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 358 1 Material material NN cord-335582-30rws724 358 2 preparation preparation NN cord-335582-30rws724 358 3 , , , cord-335582-30rws724 358 4 data datum NNS cord-335582-30rws724 358 5 collection collection NN cord-335582-30rws724 358 6 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 358 7 analysis analysis NN cord-335582-30rws724 358 8 were be VBD cord-335582-30rws724 358 9 performed perform VBN cord-335582-30rws724 358 10 by by IN cord-335582-30rws724 358 11 Xavier Xavier NNP cord-335582-30rws724 358 12 Bonal Bonal NNP cord-335582-30rws724 358 13 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 358 14 Sheila Sheila NNP cord-335582-30rws724 358 15 González González NNP cord-335582-30rws724 358 16 . . . cord-335582-30rws724 359 1 All all DT cord-335582-30rws724 359 2 authors author NNS cord-335582-30rws724 359 3 read read VBP cord-335582-30rws724 359 4 and and CC cord-335582-30rws724 359 5 approved approve VBD cord-335582-30rws724 359 6 the the DT cord-335582-30rws724 359 7 final final JJ cord-335582-30rws724 359 8 manuscript manuscript NN cord-335582-30rws724 359 9 . . .