id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentences	flesch	summary	cache	txt
cord-272268-8vrcwwll	Kedersha, Nancy	Chapter 4 Regulation of Translation by Stress Granules and Processing Bodies	2009-10-27		.txt	text/plain	8598	456	45	Cytoplasmic stress granules (SGs) and processing bodies (PBs) are dynamic structures that form in response to stress-induced translational arrest. Critical components of the ''cell biology'' of protein translation are mRNP granules known as processing bodies (PBs) and stress granules (SGs). These transient cytoplasmic ''structures'' are actively assembled from untranslated mRNA by a host of RNA-binding proteins, which determine whether specific transcripts will be reinitiated, degraded, or stored. In 1999, it was noted that stress-induced translational arrest causes untranslated mRNPs to assemble into large cytoplasmic ''SGs,'' whose formation is triggered by, and dependent upon, the phosphorylation of eIF2a. Virus infection also induces the assembly of SGs and PBs suggesting that RNA granules play a role in reprogramming mRNA translation/decay during viral infection. RNA-binding proteins TIA-1 and TIAR link the phosphorylation of eIF-2a to the assembly of mammalian stress granules	./cache/cord-272268-8vrcwwll.txt	./txt/cord-272268-8vrcwwll.txt