id sid tid token lemma pos cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 1 key key JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 2 : : : cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 3 cord-002561 cord-002561 JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 4 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 5 7j43yic1 7j43yic1 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 6 authors author NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 7 : : : cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 8 Donato Donato NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 9 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 10 Celeste Celeste NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 11 ; ; : cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 12 Vijaykrishna Vijaykrishna NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 13 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 14 Dhanasekaran Dhanasekaran NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 15 title title NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 16 : : : cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 17 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 18 Broad Broad NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 19 Host Host NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 20 Range Range NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 21 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 22 Genetic Genetic NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 23 Diversity diversity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 24 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 25 Mammalian mammalian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 26 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 27 Avian Avian NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 28 Astroviruses Astroviruses NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 29 date date NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 30 : : : cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 31 2017 2017 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 32 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 33 05 05 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 34 - - SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 35 10 10 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 36 journal journal NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 1 37 : : : cord-002561-7j43yic1 2 1 Viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 2 2 DOI DOI NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 2 3 : : : cord-002561-7j43yic1 3 1 10.3390/ 10.3390/ CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 4 1 v9050102 v9050102 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 4 2 sha sha NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 4 3 : : : cord-002561-7j43yic1 5 1 c8d7f93deaccea9d11f6713cc20368d236fc3d82 c8d7f93deaccea9d11f6713cc20368d236fc3d82 ADD cord-002561-7j43yic1 6 1 doc_id doc_id CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 6 2 : : : cord-002561-7j43yic1 6 3 2561 2561 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 6 4 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 6 5 : : : cord-002561-7j43yic1 7 1 7j43yic1 7j43yic1 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 7 2 Astroviruses Astroviruses NNPS cord-002561-7j43yic1 7 3 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 7 4 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 7 5 diverse diverse JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 7 6 family family NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 7 7 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 7 8 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 7 9 that that WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 7 10 infect infect VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 7 11 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 7 12 wide wide JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 7 13 range range NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 7 14 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 7 15 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 7 16 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 7 17 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 7 18 hosts host NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 7 19 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 1 Here here RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 3 describe describe VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 4 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 5 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 6 diversity diversity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 7 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 8 current current JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 9 classification classification NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 10 methodology methodology NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 11 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 12 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 13 based base VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 14 on on IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 15 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 16 ORF1b ORF1b NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 17 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 18 ORF2 ORF2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 19 genes gene NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 20 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 21 highlighting highlight VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 22 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 23 propensity propensity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 24 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 25 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 26 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 27 undergo undergo VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 28 interspecies interspecies JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 29 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 30 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 31 genetic genetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 32 recombination recombination NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 33 which which WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 34 greatly greatly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 35 increase increase VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 36 diversity diversity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 37 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 38 complicate complicate VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 39 attempts attempt NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 40 at at IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 41 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 42 unified unified JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 43 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 44 comprehensive comprehensive JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 45 classification classification NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 46 strategy strategy NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 8 47 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 9 1 Astroviruses Astroviruses NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 9 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 9 3 AstVs AstVs NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 9 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 9 5 were be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 9 6 first first RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 9 7 described describe VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 9 8 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 9 9 1975 1975 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 9 10 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 9 11 small small JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 9 12 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 9 13 that that WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 9 14 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 9 15 28 28 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 9 16 - - SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 9 17 30 30 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 9 18 nm nm NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 9 19 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 9 20 diameter diameter NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 9 21 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 9 22 icosahedral icosahedral JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 9 23 morphology morphology NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 9 24 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 1 Astroviruses Astroviruses NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 2 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 3 named name VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 4 due due IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 5 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 6 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 7 distinct distinct JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 8 five five CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 9 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 10 pointed pointed JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 11 or or CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 12 six six CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 13 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 14 pointed pointed JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 15 star star NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 16 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 17 like like JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 18 appearance appearance NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 19 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 20 some some DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 21 virions virion NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 22 when when WRB cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 23 visualized visualize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 24 under under IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 25 an an DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 26 electron electron NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 27 microscope microscope NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 29 EM EM NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 31 ; ; : cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 32 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 33 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 34 derived derive VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 35 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 36 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 37 Greek greek JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 38 word word NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 39 astron astron NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 40 meaning mean VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 41 star star NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 42 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 43 1 1 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 44 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 45 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 46 2 2 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 47 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 48 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 49 3 3 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 50 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 10 51 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 11 1 Astroviruses Astroviruses NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 11 2 were be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 11 3 first first RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 11 4 described describe VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 11 5 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 11 6 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 11 7 infants infant NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 11 8 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 11 9 diarrhea diarrhea NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 11 10 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 11 11 were be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 11 12 subsequently subsequently RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 11 13 identified identify VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 11 14 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 11 15 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 11 16 young young JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 11 17 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 11 18 numerous numerous JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 11 19 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 11 20 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 11 21 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 11 22 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 11 23 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 11 24 4 4 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 11 25 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 11 26 5 5 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 11 27 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 11 28 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 1 Human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 2 astroviurses astroviurse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 4 HAstVs HAstVs NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 6 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 7 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 8 recognized recognize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 9 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 10 one one CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 11 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 12 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 13 major major JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 14 causes cause NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 15 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 16 acute acute JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 17 gastroenteritis gastroenteritis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 18 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 19 children child NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 20 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 21 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 22 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 23 2 2 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 24 - - SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 25 8 8 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 26 % % NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 27 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 28 infections infection NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 30 6 6 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 31 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 12 32 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 13 1 Transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 13 2 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 13 3 HAstV HAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 13 4 occurs occur VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 13 5 via via IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 13 6 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 13 7 fecal fecal JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 13 8 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 13 9 oral oral JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 13 10 route route NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 13 11 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 13 12 person person NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 13 13 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 13 14 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 13 15 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 13 16 person person NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 13 17 contact contact NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 13 18 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 13 19 or or CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 13 20 contaminated contaminate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 13 21 food food NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 13 22 or or CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 13 23 water water NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 13 24 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 14 1 Following follow VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 14 2 an an DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 14 3 incubation incubation NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 14 4 period period NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 14 5 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 14 6 3 3 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 14 7 - - SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 14 8 4 4 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 14 9 days day NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 14 10 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 14 11 symptoms symptom NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 14 12 including include VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 14 13 diarrhea diarrhea NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 14 14 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 14 15 vomiting vomiting NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 14 16 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 14 17 abdominal abdominal JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 14 18 pain pain NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 14 19 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 14 20 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 14 21 fever fever NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 14 22 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 14 23 often often RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 14 24 reported report VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 14 25 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 14 26 7 7 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 14 27 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 14 28 8 8 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 14 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 14 30 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 1 Whilst whilst IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 2 primarily primarily RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 3 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 4 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 5 asymptomatic asymptomatic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 6 or or CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 7 diarrheal diarrheal JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 8 disease disease NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 9 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 10 humans human NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 11 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 12 there there EX cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 13 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 14 several several JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 15 reports report NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 16 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 17 central central JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 18 nervous nervous JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 19 system system NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 21 CNS CNS NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 23 complications complication NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 24 such such JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 25 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 26 acute acute JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 27 flaccid flaccid JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 28 paralysis paralysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 30 9 9 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 31 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 32 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 33 meningitis meningitis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 34 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 35 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 36 encephalitis encephalitis JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 38 10 10 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 39 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 40 11 11 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 41 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 15 42 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 16 1 Animal animal JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 16 2 astroviurses astroviurse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 16 3 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 16 4 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 16 5 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 16 6 isolated isolate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 16 7 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 16 8 numerous numerous JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 16 9 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 16 10 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 16 11 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 16 12 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 16 13 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 1 In in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 2 animals animal NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 3 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 4 astrovirus astrovirus JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 5 infection infection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 6 may may MD cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 7 be be VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 8 asymptomatic asymptomatic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 9 or or CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 10 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 11 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 12 enteric enteric JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 13 disease disease NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 14 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 15 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 16 range range NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 17 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 18 other other JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 19 symptoms symptom NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 20 indicative indicative JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 21 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 22 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 23 involvement involvement NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 24 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 25 other other JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 26 organ organ NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 27 systems system NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 28 including include VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 29 hepatitis hepatitis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 30 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 31 nephritis nephritis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 32 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 33 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 34 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 35 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 36 12 12 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 37 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 38 13 13 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 39 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 40 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 41 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 42 neurological neurological JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 43 symptoms symptom NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 44 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 45 cattle cattle NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 46 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 47 14 14 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 48 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 49 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 50 15 15 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 51 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 52 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 53 16 16 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 54 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 55 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 56 mink mink NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 57 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 58 17 17 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 59 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 17 60 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 1 Astroviruses Astroviruses NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 2 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 3 classified classify VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 4 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 5 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 6 unassigned unassigned JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 7 Astroviridae Astroviridae NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 8 family family NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 9 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 10 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 11 non non JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 12 - - JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 13 enveloped enveloped JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 14 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 15 characterized characterize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 16 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 17 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 18 positive positive JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 19 sense sense NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 20 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 21 single single RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 22 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 23 stranded strand VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 24 RNA RNA NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 26 ssRNA ssrna NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 28 genome genome NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 29 6.4 6.4 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 30 - - SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 31 7.9 7.9 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 32 kb kb NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 33 long long RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 34 comprised comprise VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 35 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 36 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 37 5 5 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 38 -untranslated -untranslated JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 39 region region NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 41 UTR UTR NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 43 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 44 three three CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 45 open open JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 46 reading reading NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 47 frames frame NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 48 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 49 ORFs)-ORF1a ORFs)-ORF1a NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 50 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 51 ORF1b ORF1b NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 52 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 53 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 54 ORF2 ORF2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 55 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 56 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 57 3 3 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 58 -UTR -utr NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 59 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 60 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 61 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 62 poly poly NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 63 A A NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 64 tail tail NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 65 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 66 18 18 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 67 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 18 68 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 2 ORF1a ORF1a NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 3 region region NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 4 encodes encode VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 5 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 6 non non JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 7 - - JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 8 structural structural JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 9 polyprotein polyprotein NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 11 serine serine NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 12 protease protease NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 14 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 15 ORF1b ORF1b NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 16 encodes encode VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 17 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 18 polyprotein polyprotein NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 19 including include VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 20 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 21 RNA RNA NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 22 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 23 dependent dependent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 24 RNA RNA NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 25 polymerase polymerase NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 27 RdRp RdRp NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 29 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 30 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 31 ORF2 ORF2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 32 encodes encode VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 33 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 34 viral viral JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 35 capsid capsid NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 36 protein protein NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 38 18 18 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 39 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 19 40 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 1 A a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 2 further further JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 3 ORF ORF NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 4 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 5 termed term VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 6 ORFX ORFX NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 7 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 8 has have VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 9 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 10 observed observe VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 11 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 12 classic classic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 13 HAstVs HAstVs NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 14 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 15 some some DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 16 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 17 astroviurses astroviurse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 18 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 19 overlapping overlap VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 20 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 21 5 5 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 22 end end NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 23 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 24 ORF2 ORF2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 25 which which WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 26 may may MD cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 27 be be VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 28 translated translate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 29 through through IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 30 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 31 leaking leak VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 32 scanning scanning NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 33 mechanism mechanism NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 34 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 35 19 19 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 36 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 20 37 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 21 1 Astroviruses Astroviruses NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 21 2 exhibit exhibit VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 21 3 several several JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 21 4 distinctive distinctive JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 21 5 features feature NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 21 6 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 21 7 addition addition NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 21 8 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 21 9 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 21 10 distinctive distinctive JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 21 11 morphology morphology NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 21 12 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 2 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 3 lack lack VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 4 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 5 RNA RNA NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 6 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 7 helicase helicase NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 8 domain domain NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 9 encoded encode VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 10 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 11 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 12 genome genome NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 13 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 14 utilize utilize VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 15 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 16 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 17 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 18 mechanism mechanism NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 19 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 20 translate translate VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 21 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 22 RdRp RdRp NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 23 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 24 which which WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 25 distinguishes distinguish VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 26 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 27 Astroviridae Astroviridae NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 28 family family NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 29 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 30 other other JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 31 non non JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 32 - - JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 33 enveloped enveloped JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 34 ssRNA ssrna NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 35 virus virus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 36 families family NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 37 such such JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 38 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 39 Picornaviridae Picornaviridae NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 40 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 41 Caliciviridae Caliciviridae NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 42 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 43 20 20 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 44 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 45 21 21 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 46 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 22 47 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 2 greatest great JJS cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 3 diversity diversity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 4 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 5 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 6 genome genome NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 7 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 8 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 9 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 10 ORF2 ORF2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 11 region region NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 12 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 13 which which WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 14 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 15 characterized characterize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 16 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 17 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 18 highly highly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 19 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 20 conserved conserve VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 21 N n CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 22 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 23 terminal terminal NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 24 domain domain NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 26 amino amino NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 27 acids acid NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 29 aa aa NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 31 1 1 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 32 - - SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 33 424 424 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 35 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 36 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 37 hypervariable hypervariable JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 38 domain domain NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 39 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 40 aa aa NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 41 425 425 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 42 - - SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 43 688 688 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 45 which which WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 46 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 47 believed believe VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 48 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 49 form form VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 50 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 51 capsid capsid NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 52 spike spike NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 53 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 54 contribute contribute VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 55 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 56 receptor receptor NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 57 binding binding NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 58 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 59 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 60 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 61 highly highly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 62 acidic acidic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 63 C c NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 64 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 65 terminal terminal NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 66 domain domain NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 67 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 68 22 22 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 69 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 70 23 23 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 71 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 23 72 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 24 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 24 2 wide wide JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 24 3 host host NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 24 4 range range NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 24 5 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 24 6 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 24 7 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 24 8 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 24 9 high high JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 24 10 degree degree NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 24 11 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 24 12 genetic genetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 24 13 diversity diversity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 24 14 present present JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 24 15 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 24 16 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 24 17 Astroviridae Astroviridae NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 24 18 family family NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 24 19 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 24 20 complicated complicate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 24 21 attempts attempt NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 24 22 at at IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 24 23 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 24 24 unified unified JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 24 25 classification classification NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 24 26 method method NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 24 27 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 25 1 Astroviruses Astroviruses NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 25 2 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 25 3 classified classify VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 25 4 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 25 5 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 25 6 unassigned unassigned JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 25 7 Astroviridae Astroviridae NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 25 8 family family NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 25 9 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 25 10 which which WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 25 11 was be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 25 12 initially initially RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 25 13 comprised comprise VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 25 14 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 25 15 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 25 16 single single JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 25 17 genus genus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 25 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 25 19 Astrovirus Astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 25 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 25 21 based base VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 25 22 on on IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 25 23 virion virion NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 25 24 morphology morphology NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 25 25 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 25 26 18 18 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 25 27 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 25 28 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 2 classification classification NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 3 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 4 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 5 Astrovirus Astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 6 genus genus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 7 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 8 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 9 family family NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 10 Astroviridae Astroviridae NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 11 was be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 12 recognized recognize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 13 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 14 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 15 International International NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 16 Committee Committee NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 17 for for IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 18 Taxonomy Taxonomy NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 19 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 20 Viruses Viruses NNPS cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 22 ICTV ICTV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 24 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 25 1995 1995 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 26 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 27 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 28 classification classification NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 29 scheme scheme NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 30 has have VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 31 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 32 modified modify VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 33 numerous numerous JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 34 times time NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 35 over over IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 36 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 37 intervening intervene VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 38 years year NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 39 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 40 24 24 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 41 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 26 42 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 1 In in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 2 2004 2004 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 3 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 4 two two CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 5 genera genus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 6 were be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 7 recognized recognize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 8 ; ; : cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 9 Mamastrovirus Mamastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 11 MAstV MAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 13 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 14 Avastrovirus Avastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 16 AAstV AAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 18 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 19 that that WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 20 were be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 21 known know VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 22 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 23 infect infect VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 24 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 25 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 26 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 27 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 28 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 29 respectively respectively RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 30 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 31 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 32 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 33 were be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 34 classified classify VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 35 solely solely RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 36 on on IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 37 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 38 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 39 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 40 origin origin NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 41 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 42 24 24 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 43 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 27 44 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 1 However however RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 2 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 3 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 4 advent advent NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 5 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 6 sequence sequence NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 7 based base VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 8 characterization characterization NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 9 rendered render VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 10 this this DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 11 approach approach NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 12 inadequate inadequate JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 13 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 14 revealing reveal VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 15 that that IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 16 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 17 isolated isolate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 18 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 19 different different JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 20 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 21 can can MD cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 22 be be VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 23 genetically genetically RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 24 similar similar JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 26 reflecting reflect VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 27 prevalent prevalent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 28 interspecies interspecie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 29 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 30 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 31 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 33 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 34 also also RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 35 revealing reveal VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 36 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 37 large large JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 38 range range NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 39 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 40 diversity diversity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 41 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 42 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 43 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 44 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 45 single single JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 46 host host NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 47 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 28 48 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 1 With with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 2 this this DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 3 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 4 mind mind NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 5 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 6 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 7 classification classification NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 8 system system NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 9 proposed propose VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 10 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 11 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 12 ICTV ICTV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 13 Astroviridae Astroviridae NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 14 Study Study NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 15 Group Group NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 16 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 17 2010 2010 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 18 recommended recommend VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 19 classification classification NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 20 based base VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 21 on on IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 22 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 23 amino amino NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 24 acid acid NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 25 sequence sequence NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 26 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 27 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 28 ORF2 ORF2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 29 genome genome NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 30 region region NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 31 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 32 recommending recommend VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 33 that that IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 34 different different JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 35 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 36 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 37 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 38 same same JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 39 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 40 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 41 should should MD cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 42 share share VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 43 > > XX cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 44 75 75 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 45 % % NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 46 identity identity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 47 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 48 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 49 capsid capsid NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 50 proteins protein NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 51 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 52 25 25 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 53 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 29 54 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 1 Additionally additionally RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 2 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 3 there there EX cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 4 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 5 proposals proposal NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 6 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 7 define define VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 8 distinct distinct JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 9 variants variant NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 10 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 11 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 12 recognized recognize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 13 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 14 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 15 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 16 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 17 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 18 variant variant NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 19 defined define VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 20 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 21 sharing share VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 22 < < XX cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 23 93 93 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 24 - - SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 25 95 95 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 26 % % NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 27 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 28 similarity similarity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 29 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 30 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 31 reference reference NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 32 or or CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 33 prototype prototype NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 34 strain strain NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 35 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 36 each each DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 37 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 38 or or CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 39 if if IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 40 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 41 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 42 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 43 used use VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 44 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 45 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 46 distance distance NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 47 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 48 > > XX cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 49 0.05 0.05 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 50 based base VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 51 on on IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 52 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 53 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 54 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 55 capsid capsid NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 56 protein protein NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 57 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 58 12 12 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 59 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 60 18 18 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 61 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 30 62 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 1 Astroviruses Astroviruses NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 2 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 3 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 4 Mamastrovirus Mamastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 5 genus genus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 6 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 7 derived derive VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 8 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 9 numerous numerous JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 10 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 11 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 12 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 13 addition addition NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 14 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 15 humans human NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 17 HAstV HAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 19 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 20 including include VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 21 farmed farm VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 22 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 23 such such JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 24 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 25 pigs pig NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 27 PAstV pastv RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 29 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 30 sheep sheep NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 32 OAstV OAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 34 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 35 cattle cattle NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 37 BoAstV BoAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 39 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 40 domesticated domesticated JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 41 animals animal NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 42 including include VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 43 cats cat NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 44 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 45 FAstV FAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 47 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 48 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 49 dogs dog NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 50 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 51 CaAstV CaAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 52 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 53 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 54 rodents rodent NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 55 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 56 small small JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 57 mammals mammal NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 58 including include VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 59 mink mink NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 60 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 61 MiAstV MiAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 62 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 63 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 64 bats bat NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 65 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 66 BAstV BAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 67 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 68 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 69 rats rat NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 70 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 71 RAstV RAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 72 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 73 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 74 mice mouse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 75 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 76 rabbit rabbit NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 77 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 78 RabAstV RabAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 79 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 80 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 81 fox fox NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 82 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 83 marmot marmot NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 84 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 85 HHMastV HHMastV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 86 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 87 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 88 porcupine porcupine NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 89 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 90 shrew shrew NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 91 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 92 vole vole NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 93 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 94 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 95 larger large JJR cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 96 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 97 including include VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 98 deer deer NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 99 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 100 CcAstV CcAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 101 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 102 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 103 monkeys monkey NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 104 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 105 water water NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 106 buffalo buffalo NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 107 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 108 BufAstV BufAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 109 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 110 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 111 yak yak NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 112 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 113 camel camel NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 114 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 115 DcAstV dcastv UH cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 116 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 117 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 118 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 119 cheetah cheetah NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 120 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 121 ChAstV ChAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 122 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 123 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 124 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 125 1a 1a NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 126 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 127 b b LS cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 128 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 31 129 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 1 Viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 2 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 3 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 4 Mamastrovirus Mamastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 5 genus genus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 6 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 7 also also RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 8 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 9 characterized characterize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 10 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 11 marine marine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 12 mammals mammal NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 13 including include VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 14 stellar stellar JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 15 sea sea NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 16 lion lion NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 18 SslAstV SslAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 20 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 21 California California NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 22 sea sea NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 23 lions lion NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 25 CslAstV CslAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 27 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 28 minke minke NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 29 whale whale NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 30 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 31 orca orca NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 32 whale whale NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 33 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 34 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 35 bottlenose bottlenose NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 36 dolphins dolphin NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 38 BdAstV BdAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 32 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 33 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 33 2 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 33 3 1a 1a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 33 4 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 33 5 b b LS cord-002561-7j43yic1 33 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 33 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 33 8 26 26 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 33 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 33 10 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 2 current current JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 3 ICTV ICTV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 4 classification classification NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 5 reveals reveal VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 6 19 19 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 7 recognized recognize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 8 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 9 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 10 Mamastrovirus Mamastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 12 MAstV-1 MAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 13 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 14 19 19 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 16 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 17 two two CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 18 genogroups genogroup NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 19 GI GI NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 20 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 21 GII GII NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 22 ; ; : cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 23 Mamastrovirus Mamastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 24 1 1 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 26 GI.A gi.a JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 27 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 28 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 30 ; ; : cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 31 Mamastrovirus Mamastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 32 2 2 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 34 GI.B gi.b NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 35 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 36 feline feline JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 38 ; ; : cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 39 Mamastrovirus Mamastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 40 3 3 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 41 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 42 GI.C gi.c NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 43 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 44 porcine porcine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 46 ; ; : cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 47 Mamastrovirus Mamastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 48 4 4 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 49 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 50 GI.D GI.D NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 51 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 52 California California NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 53 sea sea NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 54 lion lion NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 55 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 56 ; ; : cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 57 Mamastrovirus Mamastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 58 5 5 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 59 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 60 GI.E GI.E NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 61 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 62 canine canine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 63 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 64 ; ; : cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 65 Mamastrovirus Mamastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 66 6 6 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 67 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 68 GI.F gi.f NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 69 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 70 human human NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 71 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 72 ; ; : cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 73 Mamastrovirus Mamastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 74 7 7 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 75 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 76 GI.G gi.g JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 77 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 78 bottlenose bottlenose NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 79 dolphin dolphin NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 80 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 81 ; ; : cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 82 Mamastrovirus Mamastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 83 8 8 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 84 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 85 GII.A GII.A NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 86 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 87 human human NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 88 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 89 ; ; : cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 90 Mamastrovirus Mamastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 91 9 9 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 92 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 93 GII.B GII.B NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 94 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 95 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 96 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 97 ; ; : cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 98 Mamastrovirus Mamastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 99 10 10 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 100 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 101 GII.C GII.C NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 102 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 103 mink mink NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 104 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 105 ; ; : cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 106 Mamastrovirus Mamastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 107 11 11 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 108 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 109 GII.D GII.D NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 110 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 111 California California NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 112 sea sea NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 113 lion lion NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 114 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 115 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 116 Mamastrovirus Mamastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 117 12 12 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 118 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 119 GII.E GII.E NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 120 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 121 bat bat NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 122 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 123 ; ; : cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 124 Mamastrovirus Mamastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 125 13 13 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 126 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 127 GII.F gii.f NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 128 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 129 ovine ovine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 130 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 131 ; ; : cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 132 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 133 Mamastroviruses Mamastroviruses NNPS cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 134 14 14 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 135 - - SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 136 19 19 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 137 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 138 GII.G GII.G NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 139 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 140 GII.L gii.l NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 141 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 142 bat bat NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 143 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 144 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 145 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 146 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 147 numerous numerous JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 148 other other JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 149 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 150 awaiting await VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 151 classification classification NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 152 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 153 some some DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 154 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 155 which which WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 156 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 157 considered consider VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 158 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 159 tentative tentative JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 160 new new JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 161 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 162 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 163 designated designate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 164 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 165 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 166 ∧ ∧ CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 167 symbol symbol NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 168 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 169 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 170 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 171 trees tree NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 172 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 173 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 174 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 175 1a 1a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 176 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 177 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 178 27 27 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 179 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 180 28 28 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 181 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 34 182 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 1 Viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 2 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 3 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 4 Avastrovirus Avastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 5 genus genus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 6 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 7 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 8 characterized characterize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 9 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 10 numerous numerous JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 11 farmed farm VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 12 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 13 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 14 including include VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 15 turkeys turkey NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 17 TAstV TAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 19 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 20 ducks duck NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 22 DAstV DAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 24 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 25 chicken chicken NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 27 CAstV CAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 29 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 30 guineafowl guineafowl NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 32 GFAstV GFAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 34 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 35 pigeon pigeon NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 37 PiAstV PiAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 39 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 40 goose goose NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 41 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 42 as as RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 43 well well RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 44 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 45 wild wild JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 46 aquatic aquatic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 47 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 48 terrestrial terrestrial JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 49 birds bird NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 50 including include VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 51 heron heron NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 52 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 53 doves dove NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 54 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 55 penguins penguin NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 56 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 57 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 58 many many JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 59 other other JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 60 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 61 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 62 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 63 2a 2a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 64 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 35 65 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 36 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 36 2 three three CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 36 3 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 36 4 originally originally RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 36 5 recognized recognize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 36 6 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 36 7 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 36 8 genus genus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 36 9 were be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 36 10 Avastrovirus Avastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 36 11 GI.A GI.A NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 36 12 comprised comprise VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 36 13 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 36 14 turkey turkey NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 36 15 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 36 16 1 1 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 36 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 36 18 TAstV-1 TAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 36 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 37 1 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 37 2 Avastrovirus Avastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 37 3 GI.B GI.B NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 37 4 comprised comprise VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 37 5 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 37 6 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 37 7 nephritis nephritis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 37 8 virus virus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 37 9 1 1 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 37 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 37 11 ANV-1 ANV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 37 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 38 1 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 38 2 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 38 3 nephritis nephritis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 38 4 virus virus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 38 5 2 2 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 38 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 38 7 ANV-2 ANV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 38 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 38 9 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 38 10 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 38 11 Avastrovirus Avastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 38 12 GII.A GII.A NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 38 13 comprised comprise VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 38 14 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 38 15 turkey turkey NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 38 16 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 38 17 2 2 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 38 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 38 19 TAstV-2 TAstV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 38 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 38 21 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 39 1 duck duck NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 39 2 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 39 3 DAstV DAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 39 4 / / SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 39 5 C C NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 39 6 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 39 7 NGB NGB NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 39 8 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 39 9 25 25 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 39 10 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 39 11 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 1 Avastrovirus Avastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 2 GI.A GI.A NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 3 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 4 Avastrovirus Avastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 5 GI.B GI.B NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 6 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 7 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 8 Avastrovirus Avastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 9 GII.A GII.A NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 10 were be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 11 renamed rename VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 12 Avastrovirus Avastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 13 1 1 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 15 AAstV-1 AAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 17 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 18 Avastrovirus Avastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 19 2 2 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 21 AAstV-2 AAstV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 23 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 24 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 25 Avastrovirus Avastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 26 3 3 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 28 AAstV-3 AAstV-3 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 30 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 31 respectively respectively RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 32 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 33 25 25 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 40 35 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 1 Viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 2 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 3 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 4 Avastrovirus Avastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 5 genus genus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 6 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 7 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 8 characterized characterize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 9 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 10 numerous numerous JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 11 farmed farm VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 12 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 13 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 14 including include VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 15 turkeys turkey NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 17 TAstV TAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 19 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 20 ducks duck NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 22 DAstV DAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 24 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 25 chicken chicken NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 27 CAstV CAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 29 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 30 guineafowl guineafowl NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 32 GFAstV GFAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 34 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 35 pigeon pigeon NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 37 PiAstV PiAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 39 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 40 goose goose NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 41 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 42 as as RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 43 well well RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 44 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 45 wild wild JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 46 aquatic aquatic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 47 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 48 terrestrial terrestrial JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 49 birds bird NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 50 including include VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 51 heron heron NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 52 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 53 doves dove NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 54 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 55 penguins penguin NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 56 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 57 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 58 many many JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 59 other other JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 60 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 61 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 62 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 63 2a 2a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 64 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 41 65 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 42 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 42 2 three three CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 42 3 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 42 4 originally originally RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 42 5 recognized recognize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 42 6 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 42 7 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 42 8 genus genus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 42 9 were be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 42 10 Avastrovirus Avastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 42 11 GI.A GI.A NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 42 12 comprised comprise VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 42 13 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 42 14 turkey turkey NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 42 15 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 42 16 1 1 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 42 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 42 18 TAstV-1 TAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 42 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 43 1 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 43 2 Avastrovirus Avastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 43 3 GI.B GI.B NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 43 4 comprised comprise VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 43 5 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 43 6 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 43 7 nephritis nephritis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 43 8 virus virus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 43 9 1 1 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 43 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 43 11 ANV-1 ANV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 43 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 44 1 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 44 2 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 44 3 nephritis nephritis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 44 4 virus virus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 44 5 2 2 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 44 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 44 7 ANV-2 ANV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 44 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 44 9 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 44 10 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 44 11 Avastrovirus Avastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 44 12 GII.A GII.A NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 44 13 comprised comprise VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 44 14 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 44 15 turkey turkey NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 44 16 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 44 17 2 2 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 44 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 44 19 TAstV-2 TAstV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 44 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 44 21 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 45 1 duck duck NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 45 2 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 45 3 DAstV DAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 45 4 / / SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 45 5 C C NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 45 6 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 45 7 NGB NGB NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 45 8 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 45 9 25 25 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 45 10 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 45 11 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 1 Avastrovirus Avastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 2 GI.A GI.A NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 3 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 4 Avastrovirus Avastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 5 GI.B GI.B NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 6 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 7 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 8 Avastrovirus Avastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 9 GII.A GII.A NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 10 were be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 11 renamed rename VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 12 Avastrovirus Avastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 13 1 1 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 15 AAstV-1 AAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 17 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 18 Avastrovirus Avastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 19 2 2 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 21 AAstV-2 AAstV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 23 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 24 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 25 Avastrovirus Avastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 26 3 3 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 28 AAstV-3 AAstV-3 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 30 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 31 respectively respectively RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 32 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 33 25 25 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 46 35 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 47 1 Currently currently RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 47 2 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 47 3 classification classification NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 47 4 into into IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 47 5 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 47 6 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 47 7 based base VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 47 8 on on IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 47 9 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 47 10 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 47 11 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 47 12 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 47 13 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 47 14 amino amino NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 47 15 acid acid NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 47 16 sequence sequence NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 47 17 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 47 18 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 47 19 full full JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 47 20 length length NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 47 21 ORF2 ORF2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 47 22 region region NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 47 23 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 47 24 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 47 25 genome genome NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 47 26 that that WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 47 27 encodes encode VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 47 28 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 47 29 capsid capsid NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 47 30 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 48 1 However however RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 48 2 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 48 3 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 48 4 limited limited JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 48 5 number number NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 48 6 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 48 7 capsid capsid NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 48 8 sequences sequence NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 48 9 available available JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 48 10 compared compare VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 48 11 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 48 12 RdRp RdRp NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 48 13 sequences sequence NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 48 14 makes make VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 48 15 consistent consistent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 48 16 classification classification NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 48 17 difficult difficult JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 48 18 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 48 19 especially especially RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 48 20 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 48 21 some some DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 48 22 novel novel NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 48 23 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 48 24 incompletely incompletely RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 48 25 sequenced sequence VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 48 26 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 1 There there EX cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 2 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 3 numerous numerous JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 4 unclassified unclassified JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 5 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 6 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 7 particularly particularly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 8 isolated isolate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 9 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 10 aquatic aquatic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 11 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 12 terrestrial terrestrial JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 13 wild wild JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 14 birds bird NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 15 which which WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 16 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 17 according accord VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 18 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 19 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 20 ICTV ICTV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 21 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 22 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 23 " " `` cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 24 related relate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 25 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 26 which which WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 27 may may MD cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 28 be be VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 29 members member NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 30 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 31 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 32 Avastrovirus Avastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 33 genus genus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 34 but but CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 35 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 36 not not RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 37 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 38 approved approve VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 39 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 40 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 41 " " '' cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 42 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 43 18 18 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 44 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 49 45 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 50 1 Astrovirus astrovirus JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 50 2 infection infection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 50 3 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 50 4 humans human NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 50 5 has have VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 50 6 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 50 7 primarily primarily RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 50 8 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 50 9 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 50 10 diarrhea diarrhea NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 50 11 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 50 12 vomiting vomiting NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 50 13 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 50 14 accounting account VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 50 15 for for IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 50 16 up up IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 50 17 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 50 18 10 10 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 50 19 % % NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 50 20 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 50 21 sporadic sporadic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 50 22 gastroenteritis gastroenteritis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 50 23 cases case NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 50 24 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 50 25 some some DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 50 26 regions region NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 50 27 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 50 28 29 29 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 50 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 50 30 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 1 CNS CNS NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 2 complications complication NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 3 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 4 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 5 astrovirus astrovirus JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 6 infection infection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 7 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 8 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 9 reported report VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 10 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 11 recent recent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 12 years year NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 13 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 14 including include VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 15 acute acute JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 16 flaccid flaccid JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 17 paralysis paralysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 18 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 19 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 20 some some DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 21 fatalities fatality NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 22 reported report VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 23 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 24 children child NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 25 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 26 underlying underlying JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 27 immune immune JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 28 disorders disorder NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 30 30 30 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 31 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 32 31 31 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 51 34 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 52 1 Historically historically RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 52 2 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 52 3 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 52 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 52 5 HAstV HAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 52 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 52 7 were be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 52 8 classified classify VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 52 9 into into IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 52 10 five five CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 52 11 serotypes serotype NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 52 12 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 52 13 1984 1984 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 52 14 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 52 15 32 32 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 52 16 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 52 17 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 1 Subsequent subsequent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 2 molecular molecular JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 3 characterization characterization NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 4 based base VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 5 on on IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 6 viral viral JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 7 reactivity reactivity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 8 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 9 polyclonal polyclonal JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 10 antibodies antibody NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 11 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 12 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 13 sequence sequence NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 14 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 15 led lead VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 16 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 17 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 18 recognition recognition NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 19 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 20 eight eight CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 21 serotypes serotype NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 23 HAstV-1 HAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 24 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 25 8 8 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 27 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 28 now now RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 29 termed term VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 30 " " `` cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 31 classic classic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 32 " " '' cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 33 HAstV HAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 34 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 35 18 18 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 36 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 37 33 33 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 38 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 39 34 34 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 40 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 53 41 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 2 relatively relatively RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 3 recent recent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 4 advent advent NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 5 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 6 next next JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 7 generation generation NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 8 sequencing sequencing NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 10 NGS NGS NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 12 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 13 metagenomic metagenomic NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 14 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 15 has have VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 16 led lead VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 17 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 18 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 19 identification identification NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 20 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 21 numerous numerous JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 22 novel novel JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 23 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 24 considered consider VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 25 " " `` cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 26 non non JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 27 - - JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 28 classic classic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 29 " " '' cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 30 HAstV HAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 31 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 32 18 18 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 54 34 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 1 Currently currently RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 2 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 3 HAstVs HAstVs NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 4 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 5 classified classify VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 6 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 7 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 8 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 9 MAstV-1 MAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 11 HAstV-1 HAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 12 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 13 8 8 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 15 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 16 MAstV-6 MAstV-6 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 18 MLB1 MLB1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 19 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 20 3 3 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 22 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 23 MAstV-8 MAstV-8 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 25 VA2 VA2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 26 / / SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 27 HMO HMO NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 28 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 29 A A NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 30 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 31 VA4 va4 NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 32 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 33 VA5 va5 NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 34 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 35 BF34 BF34 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 37 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 38 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 39 MAstV-9 MAstV-9 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 41 VA1 VA1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 42 / / SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 43 HMO HMO NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 44 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 45 C C NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 46 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 47 VA3 VA3 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 48 / / SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 49 HMO HMO NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 50 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 51 B B NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 52 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 53 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 54 18 18 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 55 55 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 56 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 56 2 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 56 3 1a 1a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 56 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 56 5 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 2 MAstV-1 MAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 3 species species NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 4 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 5 comprised comprise VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 6 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 7 HAstV-1 HAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 8 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 9 8 8 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 10 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 11 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 12 surveillance surveillance NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 13 has have VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 14 revealed reveal VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 15 that that IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 16 HAstV-1 HAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 17 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 18 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 19 most most RBS cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 20 commonly commonly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 21 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 22 type type NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 23 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 24 children child NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 25 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 26 followed follow VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 27 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 28 HAstV-2 HAstV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 29 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 30 5 5 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 31 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 32 whereas whereas IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 33 HAstV-6 HAstV-6 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 34 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 35 8 8 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 36 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 37 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 38 rarely rarely RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 39 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 40 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 41 35 35 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 42 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 57 43 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 58 1 HAstV-4 HAstV-4 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 58 2 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 58 3 HAstV-8 HAstV-8 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 58 4 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 58 5 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 58 6 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 58 7 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 58 8 infection infection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 58 9 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 58 10 older old JJR cord-002561-7j43yic1 58 11 children child NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 58 12 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 58 13 longer long JJR cord-002561-7j43yic1 58 14 duration duration NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 58 15 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 58 16 diarrhea diarrhea NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 58 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 58 18 > > NFP cord-002561-7j43yic1 58 19 7 7 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 58 20 days day NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 58 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 58 22 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 58 23 36 36 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 58 24 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 58 25 37 37 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 58 26 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 58 27 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 59 1 A a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 59 2 HAstV-4 HAstV-4 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 59 3 strain strain NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 59 4 was be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 59 5 also also RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 59 6 isolated isolate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 59 7 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 59 8 an an DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 59 9 infant infant NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 59 10 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 59 11 fatal fatal JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 59 12 meningoencephalitis meningoencephalitis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 59 13 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 59 14 30 30 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 59 15 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 59 16 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 1 Based base VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 2 upon upon IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 3 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 4 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 5 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 6 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 7 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 8 ORF2 ORF2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 9 region region NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 10 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 11 different different JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 12 lineages lineage NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 13 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 14 each each DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 15 HAstV HAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 16 type type NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 17 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 18 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 19 proposed propose VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 20 ; ; : cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 21 HAstV-1 HAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 23 HAstV-1a HAstV-1a NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 24 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 25 d d NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 27 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 28 HAstV-2 HAstV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 30 HAstV-2a HAstV-2a NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 31 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 32 d d NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 34 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 35 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 36 divided divide VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 37 into into IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 38 four four CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 39 lineages lineage NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 40 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 41 whereas whereas IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 42 HAstV-3 HAstV-3 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 43 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 44 HAstV-3a HAstV-3a NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 45 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 46 b b NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 47 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 48 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 49 HAstV-4 HAstV-4 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 50 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 51 HAstV-4a HAstV-4a NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 52 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 53 c c NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 54 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 55 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 56 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 57 classified classify VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 58 into into IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 59 two two CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 60 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 61 three three CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 62 lineages lineage NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 63 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 64 respectively respectively RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 65 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 66 38 38 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 67 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 60 68 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 2 first first JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 3 " " `` cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 4 non non JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 5 - - JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 6 classic classic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 7 " " `` cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 8 HAstV hastv JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 9 strain strain NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 10 characterized characterize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 11 was be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 12 MLB1 MLB1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 13 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 14 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 15 virus virus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 16 was be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 17 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 18 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 19 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 20 stool stool NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 21 sample sample NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 22 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 23 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 24 3 3 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 25 year year NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 26 old old JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 27 Australian australian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 28 child child NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 29 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 30 acute acute JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 31 diarrhea diarrhea NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 32 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 33 1999 1999 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 34 ; ; : cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 35 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 36 child child NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 37 had have VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 38 previously previously RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 39 received receive VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 40 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 41 liver liver NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 42 transplant transplant NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 43 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 44 39 39 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 45 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 61 46 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 2 majority majority NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 3 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 4 MLB1 MLB1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 5 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 6 characterized characterize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 7 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 8 date date NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 9 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 10 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 11 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 12 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 13 India India NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 14 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 15 Kenya Kenya NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 16 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 17 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 18 Japan Japan NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 19 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 20 limited limited JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 21 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 22 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 23 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 24 USA USA NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 25 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 26 China China NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 27 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 28 Bhutan Bhutan NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 29 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 30 Egypt Egypt NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 31 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 32 Brazil Brazil NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 33 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 34 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 35 Italy Italy NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 36 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 37 prevalence prevalence NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 38 has have VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 39 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 40 reported report VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 41 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 42 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 43 range range NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 44 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 45 0.2 0.2 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 46 % % NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 47 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 48 9 9 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 49 % % NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 50 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 51 40 40 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 52 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 62 53 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 1 However however RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 2 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 3 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 4 seroepidemiologic seroepidemiologic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 5 study study NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 6 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 7 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 8 USA USA NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 9 revealed reveal VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 10 that that IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 11 primary primary JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 12 exposure exposure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 13 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 14 MLB1 MLB1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 15 occurs occur VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 16 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 17 childhood childhood NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 18 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 19 that that IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 20 seropositivity seropositivity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 21 reached reach VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 22 100 100 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 23 % % NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 24 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 25 adulthood adulthood NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 26 suggesting suggest VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 27 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 28 widespread widespread JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 29 circulation circulation NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 30 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 31 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 32 virus virus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 33 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 34 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 35 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 36 population population NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 38 41 41 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 39 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 63 40 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 1 MLB2 mlb2 JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 2 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 3 were be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 4 first first RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 5 identified identify VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 6 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 7 Vellore Vellore NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 8 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 9 India India NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 10 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 11 42 42 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 12 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 13 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 14 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 15 majority majority NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 16 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 17 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 18 subsequently subsequently RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 19 identified identify VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 20 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 21 Japan Japan NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 22 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 23 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 24 Gambia Gambia NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 25 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 26 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 27 Switzerland Switzerland NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 28 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 29 limited limited JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 30 detection detection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 31 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 32 Turkey Turkey NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 33 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 34 USA USA NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 35 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 36 Kenya Kenya NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 37 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 38 China China NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 39 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 40 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 41 Thailand Thailand NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 42 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 43 prevalence prevalence NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 44 reported report VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 45 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 46 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 47 range range NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 48 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 49 0.3 0.3 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 50 % % NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 51 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 52 1.5 1.5 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 53 % % NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 54 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 55 40 40 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 56 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 64 57 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 65 1 MLB2 MLB2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 65 2 has have VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 65 3 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 65 4 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 65 5 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 65 6 meningitis meningitis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 65 7 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 65 8 other other JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 65 9 CNS CNS NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 65 10 complications complication NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 65 11 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 65 12 has have VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 65 13 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 65 14 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 65 15 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 65 16 immunocompromised immunocompromised JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 65 17 children child NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 65 18 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 65 19 10 10 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 65 20 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 65 21 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 1 MLB3 mlb3 NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 2 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 3 were be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 4 first first RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 5 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 6 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 7 India India NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 8 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 9 2004 2004 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 10 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 11 43 43 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 12 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 13 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 14 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 15 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 16 detection detection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 17 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 18 Kenya Kenya NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 19 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 20 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 21 Gambia Gambia NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 22 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 23 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 24 prevalence prevalence NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 25 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 26 stools stool NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 27 ranges range VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 28 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 29 0.6 0.6 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 30 % % NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 31 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 32 3.1 3.1 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 33 % % NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 34 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 35 40 40 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 36 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 37 44 44 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 38 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 66 39 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 1 There there EX cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 2 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 3 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 4 dual dual JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 5 naming naming NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 6 system system NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 7 for for IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 8 some some DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 9 HAstV HAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 10 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 11 due due JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 12 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 13 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 14 simultaneous simultaneous JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 15 characterization characterization NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 16 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 17 these these DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 18 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 19 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 20 different different JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 21 researchers researcher NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 22 ; ; : cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 23 these these DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 24 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 25 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 26 termed term VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 27 VA VA NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 28 / / SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 29 HMO HMO NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 30 named name VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 31 for for IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 32 VA VA NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 33 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 34 Virginia Virginia NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 35 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 36 HMO HMO NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 37 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 38 Human Human NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 39 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 40 Mink Mink NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 41 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 42 Ovine Ovine NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 43 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 44 like like JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 45 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 46 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 47 due due IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 48 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 49 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 50 genetic genetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 51 relatedness relatedness NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 52 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 53 previously previously RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 54 characterized characterize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 55 mink mink NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 56 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 57 sheep sheep NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 58 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 59 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 60 9 9 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 61 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 67 62 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 1 In in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 2 2009 2009 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 3 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 4 VA2 VA2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 5 / / SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 6 HMO HMO NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 7 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 8 A A NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 9 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 10 were be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 11 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 12 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 13 children child NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 14 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 15 non non JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 16 - - JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 17 polio polio JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 18 acute acute JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 19 flaccid flaccid JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 20 paralysis paralysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 21 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 22 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 23 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 24 Pakistan Pakistan NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 25 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 26 9 9 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 27 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 28 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 29 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 30 India India NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 31 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 32 42 42 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 68 34 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 2 prevalence prevalence NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 3 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 4 VA2 VA2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 5 / / SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 6 HMO HMO NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 7 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 8 A A NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 9 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 10 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 11 stools stool NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 12 ranges range VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 13 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 14 0.3 0.3 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 15 % % NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 16 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 17 2.3 2.3 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 18 % % NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 19 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 20 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 21 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 22 also also RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 23 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 24 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 25 Egypt Egypt NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 26 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 27 Japan Japan NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 28 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 29 USA USA NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 30 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 31 Kenya Kenya NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 32 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 33 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 34 China China NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 35 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 36 40 40 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 37 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 69 38 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 70 1 VA4 VA4 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 70 2 has have VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 70 3 only only RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 70 4 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 70 5 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 70 6 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 70 7 Nepal Nepal NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 70 8 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 70 9 43 43 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 70 10 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 70 11 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 70 12 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 70 13 BF34 BF34 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 70 14 strain strain NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 70 15 has have VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 70 16 only only RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 70 17 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 70 18 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 70 19 Burkina Burkina NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 70 20 Faso Faso NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 70 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 70 22 45 45 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 70 23 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 70 24 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 2 VA3 va3 JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 3 / / SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 4 HMO HMO NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 5 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 6 B b NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 7 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 8 were be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 9 first first RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 10 identified identify VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 11 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 12 Vellore Vellore NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 13 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 14 India India NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 15 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 16 42 42 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 17 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 18 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 19 sporadic sporadic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 20 detection detection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 21 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 22 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 23 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 24 Pakistan Pakistan NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 25 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 26 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 27 Nepal Nepal NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 28 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 29 prevalence prevalence NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 30 ranging range VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 31 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 32 0.1 0.1 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 33 % % NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 34 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 35 2.3 2.3 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 36 % % NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 38 40 40 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 39 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 71 40 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 72 1 VA1 VA1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 72 2 / / SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 72 3 HMO HMO NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 72 4 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 72 5 C C NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 72 6 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 72 7 were be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 72 8 first first RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 72 9 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 72 10 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 72 11 2009 2009 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 72 12 during during IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 72 13 an an DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 72 14 outbreak outbreak NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 72 15 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 72 16 diarrhea diarrhea NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 72 17 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 72 18 children child NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 72 19 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 72 20 Virginia Virginia NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 72 21 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 72 22 USA USA NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 72 23 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 72 24 46 46 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 72 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 72 26 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 1 VA1 VA1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 2 / / SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 3 HMO HMO NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 4 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 5 C C NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 6 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 7 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 8 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 9 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 10 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 11 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 12 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 13 encephalitis encephalitis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 14 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 15 immunocompromized immunocompromize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 16 children child NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 17 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 18 adults adult NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 19 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 20 11 11 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 21 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 22 40 40 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 23 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 24 47 47 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 26 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 27 acute acute JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 28 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 29 disease disease NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 31 48 48 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 32 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 73 33 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 2 prevalence prevalence NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 3 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 4 VA1 VA1 NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 5 / / SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 6 HMO HMO NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 7 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 8 C C NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 9 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 10 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 11 stools stool NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 12 ranges range VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 13 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 14 0.2 0.2 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 15 % % NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 16 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 17 1.6 1.6 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 18 % % NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 19 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 20 diarrheic diarrheic NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 21 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 22 non non JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 23 - - JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 24 diarrheic diarrheic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 25 subjects subject NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 26 worldwide worldwide RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 27 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 28 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 29 limited limited JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 30 detection detection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 31 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 32 Nepal Nepal NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 33 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 34 Japan Japan NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 35 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 36 Tanzania Tanzania NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 37 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 38 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 39 Gambia Gambia NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 40 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 41 France France NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 42 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 43 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 44 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 45 U.K. U.K. NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 46 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 47 9 9 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 48 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 49 44 44 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 50 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 51 47 47 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 52 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 74 53 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 75 1 Seroprevalence Seroprevalence NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 75 2 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 75 3 VA1 VA1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 75 4 / / SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 75 5 HMO HMO NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 75 6 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 75 7 C C NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 75 8 has have VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 75 9 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 75 10 reported report VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 75 11 at at IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 75 12 65 65 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 75 13 % % NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 75 14 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 75 15 adults adult NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 75 16 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 75 17 49 49 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 75 18 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 75 19 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 76 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 76 2 divergent divergent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 76 3 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 76 4 astrovirus astrovirus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 76 5 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 76 6 like like JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 76 7 virus virus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 76 8 tentatively tentatively RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 76 9 named name VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 76 10 Bastrovirus Bastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 76 11 was be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 76 12 isolated isolate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 76 13 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 76 14 patients patient NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 76 15 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 76 16 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 76 17 Netherlands Netherlands NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 76 18 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 77 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 77 2 capsid capsid JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 77 3 region region NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 77 4 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 77 5 homologous homologous JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 77 6 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 77 7 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 77 8 capsid capsid NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 77 9 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 77 10 HAstV HAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 77 11 whilst whilst IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 77 12 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 77 13 RdRp RdRp NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 77 14 region region NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 77 15 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 77 16 more more RBR cord-002561-7j43yic1 77 17 closely closely RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 77 18 related relate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 77 19 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 77 20 members member NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 77 21 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 77 22 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 77 23 Hepeviridae Hepeviridae NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 77 24 family family NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 77 25 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 1 This this DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 2 virus virus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 3 remains remain VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 4 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 5 be be VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 6 classified classify VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 7 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 8 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 9 ICVT ICVT NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 10 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 11 however however RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 12 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 13 capsid capsid NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 14 regions region NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 15 clusters cluster NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 16 closest close JJS cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 17 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 18 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 19 MLB1 MLB1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 20 - - SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 21 3 3 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 22 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 23 suggesting suggest VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 24 an an DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 25 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 26 relationship relationship NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 27 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 28 these these DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 29 divergent divergent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 30 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 31 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 32 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 33 50 50 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 36 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 37 1a 1a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 78 39 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 1 Revealing reveal VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 2 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 3 geographic geographic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 4 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 5 host host NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 6 diversity diversity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 7 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 8 this this DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 9 virus virus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 10 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 11 divergent divergent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 12 Bastrovirus Bastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 13 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 14 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 15 also also RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 16 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 17 isolated isolate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 18 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 19 bat bat NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 20 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 21 pig pig NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 22 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 23 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 24 rat rat NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 25 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 26 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 27 Vietnam Vietnam NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 28 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 29 forming form VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 30 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 31 distinct distinct JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 32 cluster cluster NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 33 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 34 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 35 that that WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 36 also also RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 37 await await VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 38 classification classification NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 39 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 40 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 41 1a 1a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 79 43 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 1 Mamastroviruses mamastroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 2 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 3 capable capable JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 4 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 5 infecting infect VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 6 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 7 wide wide JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 8 range range NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 9 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 10 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 11 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 12 including include VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 13 companion companion NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 14 animals animal NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 16 cats cat NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 17 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 18 dogs dog NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 20 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 21 intensively intensively RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 22 farmed farm VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 23 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 25 pigs pig NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 26 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 27 cattle cattle NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 29 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 30 as as RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 31 well well RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 32 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 33 terrestrial terrestrial JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 34 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 35 aquatic aquatic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 36 wild wild JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 37 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 38 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 80 39 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 81 1 Unexpectedly unexpectedly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 81 2 there there EX cord-002561-7j43yic1 81 3 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 81 4 no no DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 81 5 clear clear JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 81 6 clustering clustering NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 81 7 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 81 8 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 81 9 separated separate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 81 10 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 81 11 hosts host NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 81 12 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 81 13 terrestrial terrestrial JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 81 14 or or CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 81 15 aquatic aquatic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 81 16 origins origin NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 81 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 81 18 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 81 19 1a 1a NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 81 20 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 81 21 b b LS cord-002561-7j43yic1 81 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 81 23 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 1 In in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 2 addition addition NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 3 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 4 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 5 classified classified JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 6 MAstV MAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 7 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 8 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 9 there there EX cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 10 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 11 numerous numerous JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 12 divergent divergent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 13 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 14 isolated isolate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 15 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 16 diverse diverse JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 17 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 18 which which WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 19 likely likely RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 20 represent represent VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 21 new new JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 22 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 23 awaiting await VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 24 formal formal JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 25 classification classification NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 27 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 28 1a 1a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 31 51 51 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 32 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 82 33 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 83 1 Not not RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 83 2 surprisingly surprisingly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 83 3 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 83 4 domesticated domesticated JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 83 5 animals animal NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 83 6 such such JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 83 7 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 83 8 cats cat NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 83 9 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 83 10 dogs dog NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 83 11 harbor harbor VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 83 12 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 83 13 strains strain VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 83 14 more more RBR cord-002561-7j43yic1 83 15 closely closely RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 83 16 related related JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 83 17 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 83 18 HAstV HAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 83 19 than than IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 83 20 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 83 21 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 83 22 harboured harbour VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 83 23 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 83 24 many many JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 83 25 other other JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 83 26 animal animal NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 83 27 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 83 28 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 1 Feline feline JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 2 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 3 was be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 4 first first RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 5 identified identify VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 6 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 7 1981 1981 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 8 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 9 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 10 feline feline JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 11 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 12 form form VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 13 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 14 small small JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 15 discrete discrete JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 16 cluster cluster NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 17 defined define VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 18 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 19 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 20 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 21 MAstV-2 MAstV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 22 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 23 closely closely RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 24 related related JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 25 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 26 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 27 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 28 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 29 comprising comprise VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 30 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 31 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 32 MAstV-1 MAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 33 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 34 52 52 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 84 35 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 85 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 85 2 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 85 3 1a 1a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 85 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 85 5 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 1 Based base VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 2 on on IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 3 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 4 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 5 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 6 an an DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 7 interspecies interspecies NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 8 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 9 pathway pathway NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 10 has have VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 11 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 12 hypothesised hypothesise VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 13 whereby whereby WRB cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 14 porcine porcine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 15 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 16 may may MD cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 17 have have VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 18 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 19 transmitted transmit VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 20 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 21 cats cat NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 22 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 23 subsequently subsequently RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 24 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 25 humans human NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 26 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 27 possibly possibly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 28 involving involve VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 29 other other JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 30 intermediary intermediary JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 31 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 32 suggesting suggest VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 33 sustained sustained JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 34 interspecies interspecies NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 35 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 36 events event NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 38 53 53 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 39 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 86 40 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 1 Characterization characterization NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 2 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 3 an an DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 4 outbreak outbreak NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 5 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 6 diarrhea diarrhea NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 7 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 8 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 9 group group NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 10 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 11 captive captive JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 12 cheetahs cheetah NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 13 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 14 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 15 breeding breeding NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 16 facility facility NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 17 identified identify VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 18 an an DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 19 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 20 strain strain NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 21 most most RBS cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 22 closely closely RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 23 related relate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 24 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 25 feline feline JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 26 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 28 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 29 1a 1a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 31 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 32 however however RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 33 it -PRON- PRP cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 34 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 35 not not RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 36 clear clear JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 37 if if IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 38 this this DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 39 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 40 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 41 recent recent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 42 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 43 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 44 domesticated domesticated JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 45 cats cat NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 46 or or CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 47 if if IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 48 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 49 virus virus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 50 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 51 circulating circulate VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 52 independently independently RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 53 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 54 cheetahs cheetah NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 55 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 56 54 54 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 57 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 87 58 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 1 Despite despite IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 2 dogs dog NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 3 also also RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 4 being be VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 5 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 6 companion companion NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 7 animal animal NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 8 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 9 canine canine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 10 astrovirus astrovirus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 11 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 12 first first RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 13 described describe VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 14 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 15 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 16 1980s 1980 NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 17 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 18 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 19 not not RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 20 as as RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 21 closely closely RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 22 related relate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 23 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 24 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 25 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 26 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 27 feline feline JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 28 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 29 appear appear VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 30 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 31 be be VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 32 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 33 based base VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 34 on on IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 35 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 36 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 38 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 39 1a 1a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 40 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 41 b b LS cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 88 43 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 89 1 Canine canine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 89 2 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 89 3 form form VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 89 4 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 89 5 small small JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 89 6 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 89 7 discrete discrete JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 89 8 cluster cluster NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 89 9 comprising comprising NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 89 10 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 89 11 MAstV-5 MAstV-5 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 89 12 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 89 13 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 89 14 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 89 15 lineage lineage NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 89 16 comprised comprise VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 89 17 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 89 18 dolphin dolphin NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 89 19 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 89 20 sea sea NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 89 21 lion lion NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 89 22 clades clade NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 89 23 representing represent VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 89 24 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 89 25 MAstV-4 MAstV-4 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 89 26 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 90 1 -11 -11 : cord-002561-7j43yic1 90 2 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 90 3 55 55 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 90 4 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 90 5 56 56 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 90 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 90 7 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 90 8 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 91 1 feline feline JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 91 2 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 91 3 porcine porcine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 91 4 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 91 5 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 91 6 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 91 7 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 91 8 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 91 9 more more RBR cord-002561-7j43yic1 91 10 distantly distantly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 91 11 related relate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 91 12 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 91 13 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 91 14 same same JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 91 15 lineage lineage NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 91 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 91 17 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 91 18 1a 1a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 91 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 91 20 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 1 A a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 2 large large JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 3 diverse diverse JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 4 lineage lineage NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 5 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 6 largely largely RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 7 comprised comprise VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 8 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 9 unclassified unclassified JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 10 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 11 or or CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 12 tentatively tentatively RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 13 classified classify VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 14 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 15 awaiting await VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 16 approval approval NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 17 encompasses encompass VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 18 divergent divergent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 19 marmot marmot NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 20 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 21 rabbit rabbit NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 22 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 24 MAstV-23 MAstV-23 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 26 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 27 small small JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 28 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 29 discrete discrete JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 30 clusters cluster NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 31 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 32 porcine porcine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 33 / / SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 34 ovine ovine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 35 / / SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 36 bovine bovine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 37 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 39 MAstV-24 MAstV-24 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 41 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 42 divergent divergent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 43 rat rat NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 44 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 45 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 46 MAstV-25 MAstV-25 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 47 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 48 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 49 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 50 unclassified unclassified JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 51 mouse mouse NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 52 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 53 mink mink NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 54 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 55 forming form VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 56 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 57 small small JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 58 discrete discrete JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 59 cluster cluster NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 60 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 61 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 62 1a 1a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 63 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 92 64 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 93 1 Numerous numerous JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 93 2 porcine porcine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 93 3 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 93 4 also also RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 93 5 cluster cluster VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 93 6 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 93 7 this this DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 93 8 lineage lineage NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 93 9 ; ; : cord-002561-7j43yic1 93 10 PAstV pastv DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 93 11 comprise comprise VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 93 12 Mamastrovirus Mamastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 93 13 3 3 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 93 14 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 93 15 were be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 93 16 first first RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 93 17 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 93 18 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 93 19 EM EM NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 93 20 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 93 21 pigs pig NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 93 22 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 93 23 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 93 24 U.K. U.K. NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 93 25 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 93 26 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 93 27 USA USA NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 94 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 94 2 57 57 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 94 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 94 4 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 94 5 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 94 6 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 94 7 now now RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 94 8 recognized recognize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 94 9 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 94 10 have have VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 94 11 worldwide worldwide JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 94 12 distribution distribution NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 94 13 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 94 14 12 12 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 94 15 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 94 16 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 1 There there EX cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 2 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 3 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 4 high high JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 5 prevalence prevalence NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 6 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 7 astrovirus astrovirus JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 8 detection detection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 9 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 10 pigs pig NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 11 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 12 up up RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 13 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 14 80 80 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 15 % % NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 16 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 17 some some DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 18 studies study NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 19 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 20 suggesting suggest VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 21 that that IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 22 pigs pig NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 23 may may MD cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 24 be be VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 25 persistently persistently RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 26 infected infect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 27 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 28 various various JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 29 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 30 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 31 PAstV pastv NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 32 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 33 58 58 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 95 35 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 1 There there EX cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 2 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 3 five five CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 4 recognized recognize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 5 lineages lineage NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 7 PAstV1 pastv1 NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 8 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 9 5 5 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 11 reflecting reflect VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 12 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 13 diversity diversity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 14 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 15 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 16 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 17 suggesting suggest VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 18 swine swine NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 19 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 20 highly highly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 21 permissive permissive JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 22 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 23 astrovirus astrovirus JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 24 infection infection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 25 often often RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 26 without without IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 27 symptoms symptom NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 28 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 29 disease disease NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 31 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 32 1a 1a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 33 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 34 b b LS cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 96 36 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 97 1 This this DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 97 2 diversity diversity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 97 3 likely likely RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 97 4 reflects reflect VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 97 5 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 97 6 varying vary VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 97 7 origins origin NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 97 8 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 97 9 these these DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 97 10 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 97 11 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 97 12 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 97 13 particular particular JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 97 14 highlighting highlight VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 97 15 frequent frequent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 97 16 interspecies interspecie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 97 17 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 97 18 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 97 19 recombination recombination NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 97 20 events event NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 97 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 97 22 58 58 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 97 23 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 97 24 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 97 25 59 59 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 97 26 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 97 27 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 97 28 60 60 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 97 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 97 30 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 1 A a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 2 study study NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 3 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 4 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 5 USA USA NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 6 revealed reveal VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 7 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 8 high high JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 9 level level NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 10 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 11 co co NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 12 - - NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 13 infections infection NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 14 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 15 pigs pig NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 17 13.9 13.9 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 18 % % NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 20 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 21 revealing reveal VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 22 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 23 frequent frequent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 24 opportunity opportunity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 25 for for IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 26 recombination recombination NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 27 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 28 especially especially RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 29 between between IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 30 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 31 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 32 different different JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 33 lineages lineage NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 34 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 35 61 61 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 36 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 98 37 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 2 close close JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 3 clustering clustering NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 4 between between IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 5 some some DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 6 porcine porcine NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 7 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 8 humans human NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 9 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 10 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 11 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 12 particular particular JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 13 MAstV-3 MAstV-3 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 14 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 15 MAstV-1 MAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 16 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 17 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 18 reflects reflect VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 19 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 20 close close JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 21 contact contact NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 22 between between IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 23 these these DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 24 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 25 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 26 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 27 close close JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 28 sharing sharing NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 29 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 30 environments environment NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 31 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 32 co co JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 33 - - JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 34 housing housing NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 35 documented document VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 36 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 37 some some DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 38 countries country NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 39 facilitating facilitate VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 40 frequent frequent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 41 interspecies interspecie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 42 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 43 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 44 62 62 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 45 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 99 46 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 1 Wild wild JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 2 boars boar NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 3 showing show VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 4 no no DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 5 symptoms symptom NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 6 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 7 enteric enteric JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 8 disease disease NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 9 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 10 housed house VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 11 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 12 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 13 captive captive JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 14 breeding breeding NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 15 park park NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 16 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 17 no no DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 18 contact contact NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 19 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 20 domesticated domesticated JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 21 pigs pig NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 22 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 23 were be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 24 found find VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 25 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 26 harbor harbor VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 27 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 28 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 29 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 30 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 31 high high JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 32 degree degree NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 33 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 34 genetic genetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 35 similarity similarity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 36 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 37 porcine porcine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 38 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 39 comprising comprise VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 40 MAstV-26 MAstV-26 NNPS cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 41 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 42 suggests suggest VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 43 that that IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 44 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 45 virus virus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 46 may may MD cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 47 be be VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 48 derived derive VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 49 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 50 commonly commonly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 51 circulating circulate VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 52 porcine porcine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 53 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 54 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 55 63 63 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 56 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 57 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 58 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 59 1a 1a NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 60 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 61 b b LS cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 62 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 100 63 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 101 1 Porcupine porcupine NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 101 2 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 101 3 isolated isolate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 101 4 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 101 5 China China NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 101 6 also also RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 101 7 cluster cluster VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 101 8 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 101 9 unclassified unclassified JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 101 10 PAstV-2 PAstV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 101 11 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 101 12 suggesting suggest VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 101 13 further further JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 101 14 interspecies interspecie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 101 15 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 101 16 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 101 17 these these DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 101 18 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 101 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 101 20 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 101 21 1a 1a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 101 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 102 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 102 2 64 64 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 102 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 102 4 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 103 1 Unexpectedly unexpectedly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 103 2 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 103 3 limited limit VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 103 4 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 103 5 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 103 6 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 103 7 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 103 8 isolated isolate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 103 9 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 103 10 sheep sheep NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 103 11 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 1 Ovine ovine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 2 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 3 was be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 4 first first RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 5 identified identify VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 6 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 7 EM EM NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 8 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 9 1977 1977 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 10 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 11 4 4 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 12 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 13 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 14 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 15 OAstV-1 OAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 16 clusters cluster NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 17 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 18 bovine bovine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 19 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 20 comprising comprise VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 21 MAstV-13 MAstV-13 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 22 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 23 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 24 second second JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 25 strain strain NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 26 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 27 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 28 healthy healthy JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 29 sheep sheep NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 30 characterized characterize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 31 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 32 2009 2009 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 33 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 34 OAstV-2 OAstV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 35 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 36 clusters cluster NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 37 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 38 porcine porcine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 39 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 40 bovine bovine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 41 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 42 comprising comprise VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 43 MAstV-24 MAstV-24 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 44 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 45 65 65 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 46 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 47 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 48 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 49 1a 1a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 50 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 104 51 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 105 1 Similarly similarly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 105 2 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 105 3 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 105 4 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 105 5 not not RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 105 6 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 105 7 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 105 8 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 105 9 significant significant JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 105 10 burden burden NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 105 11 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 105 12 diarrheal diarrheal JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 105 13 disease disease NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 105 14 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 105 15 bovine bovine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 105 16 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 105 17 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 106 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 106 2 first first JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 106 3 bovine bovine NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 106 4 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 106 5 was be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 106 6 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 106 7 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 106 8 England England NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 106 9 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 106 10 1978 1978 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 106 11 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 106 12 66 66 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 106 13 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 106 14 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 106 15 bovine bovine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 106 16 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 106 17 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 106 18 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 106 19 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 106 20 detection detection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 106 21 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 106 22 association association NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 106 23 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 106 24 neurological neurological JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 106 25 disease disease NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 106 26 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 106 27 including include VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 106 28 encephalitis encephalitis RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 107 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 107 2 BoAstV BoAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 107 3 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 107 4 CH13 CH13 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 107 5 / / SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 107 6 NeuroS1 neuros1 NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 107 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 108 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 108 2 14 14 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 108 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 108 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 108 5 15 15 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 108 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 108 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 108 8 16 16 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 108 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 108 10 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 108 11 67 67 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 108 12 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 109 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 109 2 68 68 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 109 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 109 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 109 5 69 69 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 109 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 109 7 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 109 8 diarrheal diarrheal JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 109 9 disease disease NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 109 10 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 109 11 calves calf NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 109 12 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 109 13 South South NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 109 14 Korea Korea NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 109 15 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 109 16 70 70 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 109 17 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 109 18 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 109 19 cattle cattle NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 109 20 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 109 21 buffalo buffalo NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 109 22 calves calf NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 109 23 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 109 24 China China NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 109 25 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 109 26 71 71 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 109 27 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 109 28 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 1 Two two CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 2 serotypes serotype NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 3 were be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 4 previously previously RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 5 recognized recognize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 6 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 7 BoAstV-1 BoAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 8 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 9 BoAstV-2 BoAstV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 10 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 11 72 72 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 12 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 13 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 14 however however RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 15 based base VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 16 on on IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 17 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 18 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 19 there there EX cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 20 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 21 multiple multiple JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 22 lineages lineage NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 23 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 24 BoAstV BoAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 25 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 26 circulating circulate VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 27 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 28 farmed farm VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 29 bovine bovine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 30 populations population NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 31 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 32 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 33 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 34 close close JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 35 clustering clustering NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 36 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 37 bovine bovine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 38 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 39 porcine porcine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 40 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 41 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 42 ovine ovine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 43 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 44 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 45 multiple multiple JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 46 lineages lineage NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 47 reflects reflect VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 48 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 49 common common JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 50 interspecies interspecie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 51 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 52 events event NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 53 that that WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 54 occur occur VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 55 between between IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 56 farmed farm VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 57 animals animal NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 58 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 59 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 60 1a 1a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 61 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 62 b b LS cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 63 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 110 64 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 1 Phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 2 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 3 also also RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 4 reveals reveal VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 5 that that IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 6 bovine bovine NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 7 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 8 like like JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 9 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 10 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 11 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 12 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 13 isolated isolate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 14 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 15 numerous numerous JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 16 wild wild JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 17 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 18 including include VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 19 water water NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 20 buffalo buffalo NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 21 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 22 yak yak NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 23 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 24 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 25 European european JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 26 roe roe NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 27 deer deer NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 29 CcAstV-1 CcAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 30 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 31 CcAstV-2 ccastv-2 VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 33 suffering suffer VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 34 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 35 gastroenteritis gastroenteritis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 36 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 37 73 73 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 38 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 111 39 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 112 1 Unclassified unclassified JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 112 2 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 112 3 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 112 4 dromedary dromedary NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 112 5 camels camel NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 112 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 112 7 DcAstV dcastv UH cord-002561-7j43yic1 112 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 113 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 113 2 27 27 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 113 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 113 4 also also RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 113 5 cluster cluster VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 113 6 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 113 7 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 113 8 lineage lineage NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 113 9 comprised comprise VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 113 10 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 113 11 porcine porcine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 113 12 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 113 13 bovine bovine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 113 14 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 113 15 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 113 16 further further RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 113 17 suggesting suggest VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 113 18 multiple multiple JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 113 19 interspecies interspecie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 113 20 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 113 21 events event NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 113 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 113 23 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 113 24 1a 1a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 113 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 113 26 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 1 Substantial substantial JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 2 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 3 strain strain NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 4 diversity diversity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 5 has have VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 6 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 7 observed observe VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 8 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 9 small small JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 10 mammals mammal NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 11 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 12 primarily primarily RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 13 rodents rodent NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 14 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 15 bats bat NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 16 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 17 forming form VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 18 both both DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 19 species species NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 20 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 21 specific specific JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 22 clusters cluster NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 23 reflecting reflect VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 24 endemic endemic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 25 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 26 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 27 co co NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 28 - - NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 29 clustering clustering NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 30 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 31 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 32 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 33 other other JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 34 host host NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 35 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 36 reflecting reflect VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 37 widespread widespread JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 38 interspecies interspecie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 39 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 41 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 42 1a 1a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 43 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 44 b b LS cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 114 46 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 115 1 Novel novel JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 115 2 murine murine NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 115 3 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 115 4 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 115 5 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 115 6 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 115 7 isolated isolate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 115 8 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 115 9 laboratory laboratory NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 115 10 mice mouse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 115 11 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 115 12 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 115 13 USA USA NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 115 14 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 115 15 Japan Japan NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 115 16 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 115 17 74 74 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 115 18 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 115 19 75 75 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 115 20 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 115 21 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 1 Divergent divergent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 2 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 3 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 4 also also RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 5 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 6 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 7 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 8 such such JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 9 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 10 those those DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 11 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 12 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 13 rats rat NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 15 MAstV-25 MAstV-25 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 17 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 18 highlighting highlight VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 19 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 20 need need NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 21 for for IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 22 more more RBR cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 23 detailed detailed JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 24 detection detection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 25 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 26 characterization characterization NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 27 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 28 these these DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 29 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 30 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 31 better better RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 32 understand understand VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 33 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 34 role role NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 35 these these DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 36 animals animal NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 37 play play VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 38 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 39 astrovirus astrovirus JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 40 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 41 between between IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 42 varied varied JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 43 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 116 44 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 1 One one CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 2 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 3 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 4 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 5 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 6 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 7 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 8 highest high JJS cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 9 burden burden NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 10 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 11 symptomatic symptomatic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 12 astrovirus astrovirus JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 13 infection infection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 14 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 15 mink mink NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 16 ; ; : cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 17 infection infection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 18 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 19 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 20 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 21 pre pre JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 22 - - JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 23 weaning weaning JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 24 diarrhea diarrhea NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 25 syndrome syndrome NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 26 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 27 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 28 neurological neurological JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 29 condition condition NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 30 " " '' cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 31 shaking shake VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 32 mink mink NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 33 syndrome syndrome NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 34 " " '' cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 35 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 36 17 17 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 37 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 38 76 76 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 39 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 117 40 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 118 1 Mink mink NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 118 2 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 118 3 cluster cluster VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 118 4 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 118 5 multiple multiple JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 118 6 lineages lineage NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 118 7 suggesting suggest VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 118 8 that that IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 118 9 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 118 10 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 118 11 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 118 12 permissive permissive JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 118 13 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 118 14 infection infection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 118 15 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 118 16 multiple multiple JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 118 17 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 118 18 diverse diverse JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 118 19 lineages lineage NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 118 20 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 118 21 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 118 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 118 23 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 118 24 1a 1a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 118 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 118 26 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 1 Bat Bat NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 2 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 3 were be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 4 first first RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 5 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 6 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 7 2008 2008 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 8 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 9 Hong Hong NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 10 Kong Kong NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 11 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 12 77 77 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 13 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 14 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 15 subsequently subsequently RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 16 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 17 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 18 bats bat NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 19 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 20 China China NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 22 78 78 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 23 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 24 79 79 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 26 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 27 North North NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 28 America America NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 30 80 80 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 31 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 32 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 33 Germany Germany NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 34 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 35 81 81 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 36 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 37 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 38 Hungary Hungary NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 39 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 40 82 82 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 41 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 42 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 43 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 44 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 45 Czech Czech NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 46 Republic Republic NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 47 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 48 83 83 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 49 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 50 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 51 numerous numerous JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 52 bat bat NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 53 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 54 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 55 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 56 detection detection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 57 rates rate NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 58 ranging range VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 59 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 60 36 36 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 61 % % NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 62 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 63 100 100 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 64 % % NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 65 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 66 Miniopterus Miniopterus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 67 magnater magnater NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 68 bats bat NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 69 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 70 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 71 50 50 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 72 % % NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 73 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 74 70 70 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 75 % % NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 76 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 77 Miniopterus Miniopterus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 78 pusillus pusillus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 79 bats bat NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 80 sampled sample VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 81 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 82 Hong Hong NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 83 Kong Kong NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 84 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 85 77 77 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 86 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 119 87 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 120 1 A a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 120 2 diverse diverse JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 120 3 population population NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 120 4 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 120 5 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 120 6 appears appear VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 120 7 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 120 8 be be VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 120 9 highly highly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 120 10 prevalent prevalent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 120 11 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 120 12 bats bat NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 120 13 without without IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 120 14 causing cause VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 120 15 disease disease NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 120 16 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 120 17 12 12 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 120 18 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 121 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 121 2 Figures figure NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 121 3 1 1 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 121 4 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 121 5 2 2 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 121 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 121 7 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 2 majority majority NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 3 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 4 bat bat NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 5 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 6 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 7 divergent divergent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 8 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 9 other other JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 10 characterized characterize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 11 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 12 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 13 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 14 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 15 display display VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 16 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 17 high high JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 18 degree degree NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 19 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 20 genetic genetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 21 diversity diversity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 22 forming form VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 23 numerous numerous RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 24 recognized recognize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 25 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 26 proposed propose VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 27 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 29 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 30 1a 1a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 122 32 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 1 Some some DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 2 bat bat NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 3 sequences sequence NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 4 clustered cluster VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 5 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 6 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 7 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 8 other other JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 9 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 10 including include VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 11 fox fox NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 12 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 13 cattle cattle NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 14 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 15 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 16 mice mouse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 17 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 18 suggesting suggest VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 19 that that IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 20 bats bat NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 21 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 22 highly highly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 23 permissive permissive JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 24 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 25 infection infection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 26 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 27 diverse diverse JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 28 astrovirus astrovirus JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 29 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 30 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 31 multiple multiple JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 32 hosts host NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 33 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 34 play play VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 35 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 36 key key JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 37 role role NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 38 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 39 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 40 diversity diversity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 41 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 42 interspecies interspecies NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 43 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 44 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 45 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 46 1a 1a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 47 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 48 b b LS cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 49 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 123 50 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 124 1 Astroviruses Astroviruses NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 124 2 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 124 3 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 124 4 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 124 5 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 124 6 aquatic aquatic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 124 7 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 124 8 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 124 9 including include VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 124 10 Californian californian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 124 11 sea sea NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 124 12 lions lion NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 124 13 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 124 14 Steller Steller NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 124 15 sea sea NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 124 16 lion lion NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 124 17 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 124 18 bottlenose bottlenose NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 124 19 dolphin dolphin NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 124 20 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 124 21 killer killer NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 124 22 whale whale NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 124 23 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 124 24 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 124 25 minke minke NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 124 26 whale whale VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 124 27 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 124 28 26 26 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 124 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 124 30 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 2 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 3 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 4 these these DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 5 aquatic aquatic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 6 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 7 do do VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 8 not not RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 9 cluster cluster VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 10 together together RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 11 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 12 instead instead RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 13 forming form VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 14 multiple multiple JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 15 discrete discrete JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 16 clusters cluster NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 17 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 18 suggesting suggest VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 19 several several JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 20 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 21 events event NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 22 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 23 terrestrial terrestrial JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 24 mammals mammal NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 25 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 26 aquatic aquatic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 27 mammals mammal NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 29 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 30 1a 1a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 125 32 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 1 Minke minke JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 2 whale whale NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 3 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 4 BdAstV-3 BdAstV-3 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 5 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 6 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 7 divergent divergent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 8 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 9 characterized characterize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 10 astrovirus astrovirus JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 11 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 12 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 13 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 14 BdAstV-1 BdAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 15 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 16 comprising comprise VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 17 MAstV-7 MAstV-7 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 18 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 19 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 20 diverse diverse JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 21 group group NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 22 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 23 sea sea NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 24 lion lion NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 25 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 26 comprising comprise VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 27 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 28 MAstV-4 MAstV-4 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 29 cluster cluster NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 30 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 31 porcine porcine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 32 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 33 canine canine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 34 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 36 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 37 1a 1a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 126 39 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 127 1 There there EX cord-002561-7j43yic1 127 2 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 127 3 numerous numerous JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 127 4 divergent divergent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 127 5 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 127 6 that that WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 127 7 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 127 8 yet yet RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 127 9 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 127 10 be be VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 127 11 classified classify VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 127 12 that that WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 127 13 may may MD cord-002561-7j43yic1 127 14 reflect reflect VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 127 15 interspecies interspecies JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 127 16 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 127 17 events event NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 127 18 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 1 A a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 2 single single JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 3 divergent divergent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 4 feline feline JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 5 strain strain NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 6 along along IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 7 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 8 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 9 fox fox NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 10 strain strain NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 11 cluster cluster NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 12 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 13 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 14 diverse diverse JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 15 lineage lineage NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 16 comprised comprise VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 17 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 18 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 19 HMO HMO NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 20 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 22 MAstV-8 MAstV-8 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 23 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 24 -9 -9 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 26 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 27 sea sea NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 28 lion lion NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 30 MAstV-11 MAstV-11 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 32 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 33 unclassified unclassified JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 34 sea sea NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 35 lion lion NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 36 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 37 mink mink NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 39 MAstV-21 MAstV-21 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 41 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 42 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 43 bat bat NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 44 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 45 MAstV-12 MAstV-12 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 47 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 128 48 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 129 1 A a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 129 2 Himalayan himalayan JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 129 3 marmot marmot NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 129 4 strain strain NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 129 5 clusters cluster NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 129 6 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 129 7 MAstV-6 MAstV-6 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 129 8 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 129 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 129 10 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 129 11 1a 1a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 129 12 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 129 13 b b LS cord-002561-7j43yic1 129 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 129 15 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 1 There there EX cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 2 appears appear VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 3 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 4 be be VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 5 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 6 large large JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 7 diversity diversity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 8 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 9 MAstV mastv JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 10 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 11 not not RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 12 captured capture VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 13 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 14 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 15 currently currently RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 16 available available JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 17 sequences sequence NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 18 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 19 highlighting highlight VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 20 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 21 need need NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 22 for for IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 23 more more RBR cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 24 detailed detailed JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 25 sampling sampling NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 26 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 27 characterization characterization NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 28 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 29 animal animal NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 30 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 130 31 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 2 isolation isolation NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 3 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 4 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 5 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 6 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 7 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 8 predates predate VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 9 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 10 isolation isolation NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 11 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 12 humans human NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 13 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 14 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 15 disease disease NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 16 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 17 ducklings duckling NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 18 described describe VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 19 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 20 1965 1965 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 21 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 22 however however RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 23 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 24 virus virus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 25 was be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 26 not not RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 27 formally formally RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 28 recognized recognize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 29 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 30 an an DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 31 astrovirus astrovirus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 32 until until IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 33 1984 1984 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 34 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 35 5 5 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 36 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 37 84 84 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 38 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 131 39 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 132 1 Avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 132 2 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 132 3 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 132 4 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 132 5 documented document VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 132 6 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 132 7 cause cause VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 132 8 infection infection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 132 9 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 132 10 poultry poultry NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 132 11 leading lead VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 132 12 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 132 13 economic economic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 132 14 losses loss NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 132 15 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 132 16 farms farm NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 132 17 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 132 18 affecting affect VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 132 19 food food NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 132 20 production production NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 132 21 worldwide worldwide RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 132 22 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 132 23 85 85 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 132 24 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 132 25 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 133 1 Avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 133 2 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 133 3 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 133 4 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 133 5 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 133 6 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 133 7 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 133 8 spectrum spectrum NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 133 9 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 133 10 disease disease NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 133 11 ranging range VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 133 12 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 133 13 subclinical subclinical JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 133 14 infection infection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 133 15 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 133 16 seemingly seemingly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 133 17 healthy healthy JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 133 18 adult adult NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 133 19 birds bird NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 133 20 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 133 21 heavy heavy JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 133 22 flock flock NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 133 23 losses loss NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 133 24 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 134 1 Pleomorphic pleomorphic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 134 2 symptoms symptom NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 134 3 include include VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 134 4 enteritis enteritis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 134 5 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 134 6 turkeys turkey NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 134 7 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 134 8 chickens chicken NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 134 9 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 134 10 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 134 11 guineafowl guineafowl NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 134 12 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 134 13 mild mild JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 134 14 growth growth NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 134 15 depression depression NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 134 16 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 134 17 nephritis nephritis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 134 18 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 134 19 chickens chicken NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 134 20 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 134 21 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 134 22 hepatitis hepatitis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 134 23 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 134 24 ducklings duckling NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 134 25 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 134 26 86 86 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 134 27 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 134 28 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 135 1 Astrovirus Astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 135 2 infection infection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 135 3 has have VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 135 4 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 135 5 implicated implicate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 135 6 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 135 7 pre pre JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 135 8 - - JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 135 9 hatching hatching JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 135 10 mortality mortality NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 135 11 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 135 12 ducklings duckling NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 135 13 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 135 14 goslings gosling NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 135 15 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 135 16 87 87 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 135 17 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 135 18 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 1 In in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 2 addition addition NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 3 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 4 AAstV-1 AAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 5 comprised comprise VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 6 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 7 TAstV-1 TAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 8 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 9 AAstV-2 AAstV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 10 comprised comprise VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 11 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 12 ANV1 ANV1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 13 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 14 ANV2 ANV2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 15 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 16 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 17 AAstV-3 AAstV-3 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 18 comprised comprise VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 19 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 20 TAstV-2 TAstV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 21 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 22 duck duck NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 23 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 24 1 1 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 26 DAstV-1 DAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 28 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 29 there there EX cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 30 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 31 numerous numerous JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 32 yet yet RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 33 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 34 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 35 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 136 36 be be VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 1 classified classify VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 2 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 3 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 4 including include VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 5 Turkey Turkey NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 6 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 7 3 3 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 9 TAstV-3 TAstV-3 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 11 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 12 chicken chicken NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 13 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 14 A A NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 16 CAstV CAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 17 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 18 A A NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 20 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 21 chicken chicken NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 22 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 23 B B NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 25 CAstV CAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 26 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 27 B b NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 30 88 88 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 31 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 32 89 89 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 34 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 35 GFAstV GFAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 36 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 37 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 38 multiple multiple JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 39 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 40 isolated isolate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 41 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 42 ducks duck NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 43 including include VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 44 duck duck NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 45 hepatitis hepatitis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 46 virus virus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 47 3 3 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 48 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 49 DHV-3 DHV-3 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 50 / / SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 51 DAstV-2 DAstV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 52 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 53 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 54 88 88 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 55 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 56 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 57 DHV-3 DHV-3 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 58 / / SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 59 DAstV-2-like DAstV-2-like , cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 60 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 61 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 62 DAstV DAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 63 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 64 CPH CPH NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 65 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 66 DAstV-3 DAstV-3 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 67 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 68 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 69 90 90 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 70 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 71 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 72 DAstV-4 DAstV-4 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 73 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 74 DAstV DAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 75 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 76 YP YP NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 77 / / SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 78 DAstV-4-like DAstV-4-like NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 79 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 80 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 81 diverse diverse JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 82 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 83 isolated isolate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 84 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 85 wild wild JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 86 birds bird NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 87 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 88 86 86 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 89 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 137 90 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 1 Avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 2 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 3 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 4 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 5 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 6 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 7 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 8 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 9 enteric enteric JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 10 disease disease NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 11 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 12 turkey turkey NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 13 poults poult NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 14 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 15 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 16 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 17 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 18 were be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 19 first first RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 20 reported report VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 21 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 22 an an DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 23 agent agent NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 24 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 25 gastroenteritis gastroenteritis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 26 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 27 mortality mortality NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 28 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 29 young young JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 30 turkeys turkey NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 31 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 32 1980 1980 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 33 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 34 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 35 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 36 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 37 condition condition NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 38 known know VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 39 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 40 poult poult NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 41 enteritis enteritis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 42 mortality mortality NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 43 syndrome syndrome NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 44 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 45 PEMS PEMS NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 138 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 139 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 139 2 91 91 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 139 3 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 139 4 92 92 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 139 5 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 139 6 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 140 1 Subsequently subsequently RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 140 2 there there EX cord-002561-7j43yic1 140 3 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 140 4 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 140 5 sporadic sporadic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 140 6 reports report NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 140 7 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 140 8 astrovirus astrovirus JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 140 9 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 140 10 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 140 11 turkeys turkey NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 140 12 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 140 13 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 140 14 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 140 15 enteritis enteritis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 140 16 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 140 17 growth growth NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 140 18 depression depression NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 140 19 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 140 20 93 93 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 140 21 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 140 22 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 141 1 Based base VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 141 2 on on IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 141 3 serological serological JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 141 4 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 141 5 genetic genetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 141 6 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 141 7 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 141 8 two two CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 141 9 types type NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 141 10 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 141 11 TAstV TAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 141 12 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 141 13 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 141 14 recognized recognize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 141 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 141 16 TAstV-1 TAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 141 17 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 141 18 TAstV-2 TAstV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 141 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 141 20 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 142 1 TAstV-1 TAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 142 2 comprises comprise VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 142 3 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 142 4 Avastrovirus Avastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 142 5 1 1 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 142 6 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 142 7 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 142 8 was be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 142 9 first first RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 142 10 described describe VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 142 11 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 142 12 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 142 13 U.K. U.K. NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 142 14 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 142 15 91 91 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 142 16 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 142 17 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 1 TAstV-1 TAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 2 has have VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 3 limited limit VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 4 detection detection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 5 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 6 other other JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 7 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 8 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 9 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 10 sporadic sporadic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 11 detection detection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 12 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 13 chicken chicken NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 14 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 15 ducks duck NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 16 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 17 forms form VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 18 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 19 discrete discrete JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 20 cluster cluster NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 21 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 22 both both CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 23 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 24 capsid capsid NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 25 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 26 RdRp RdRp NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 27 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 28 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 30 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 31 2a 2a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 32 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 33 b b NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 143 35 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 144 1 TAstV-2 TAstV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 144 2 was be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 144 3 identified identify VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 144 4 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 144 5 1996 1996 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 144 6 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 144 7 94 94 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 144 8 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 144 9 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 144 10 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 144 11 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 144 12 likely likely JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 144 13 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 144 14 be be VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 144 15 classified classify VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 144 16 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 144 17 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 144 18 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 144 19 Avastrovirus Avastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 144 20 3 3 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 144 21 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 144 22 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 144 23 primarily primarily RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 144 24 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 144 25 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 144 26 PEMS PEMS NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 144 27 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 144 28 95 95 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 144 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 144 30 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 1 TAstV-2 TAstV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 2 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 3 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 4 predominant predominant JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 5 TAstV TAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 6 lineage lineage NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 7 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 8 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 9 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 10 wider wide JJR cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 11 global global JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 12 circulation circulation NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 13 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 14 greater great JJR cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 15 genetic genetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 16 diversity diversity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 17 compared compare VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 18 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 19 TAstV-1 TAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 20 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 21 reflected reflect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 22 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 23 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 24 co co NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 25 - - NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 26 circulation circulation NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 27 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 28 multiple multiple JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 29 sub sub NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 30 - - NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 31 lineages lineage NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 33 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 34 2a 2a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 35 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 36 b b NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 145 38 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 146 1 Based base VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 146 2 on on IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 146 3 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 146 4 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 146 5 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 146 6 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 146 7 RdRp RdRp NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 146 8 gene gene NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 146 9 there there EX cord-002561-7j43yic1 146 10 appears appear VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 146 11 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 146 12 be be VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 146 13 limited limited JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 146 14 interspecies interspecie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 146 15 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 146 16 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 146 17 TAstV-2-like TAstV-2-like NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 146 18 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 146 19 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 146 20 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 146 21 chicken chicken NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 146 22 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 146 23 duck duck NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 146 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 146 25 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 146 26 2b 2b CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 146 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 146 28 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 1 Astroviruses Astroviruses NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 2 infecting infect VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 3 guineafowl guineafowl NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 4 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 5 closely closely RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 6 related related JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 7 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 8 TAstV-2 TAstV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 9 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 10 based base VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 11 on on IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 12 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 13 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 14 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 15 RdRp RdRp NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 16 region region NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 17 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 18 96 96 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 19 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 20 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 21 however however RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 22 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 23 capsid capsid JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 24 region region NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 25 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 26 distinct distinct JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 27 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 28 TAstV-2 TAstV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 29 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 30 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 31 forming form VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 32 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 33 discrete discrete JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 34 cluster cluster NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 35 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 36 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 37 lineage lineage NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 38 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 39 unassigned unassigned JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 40 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 41 suggesting suggest VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 42 they -PRON- PRP cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 43 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 44 closely closely RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 45 related related JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 46 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 47 CAstV CAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 48 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 49 B b NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 50 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 51 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 52 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 53 2a 2a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 54 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 147 55 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 148 1 These these DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 148 2 GFAstVs gfastvs NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 148 3 were be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 148 4 possibly possibly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 148 5 derived derive VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 148 6 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 148 7 recombination recombination NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 148 8 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 148 9 interspecies interspecies NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 148 10 events event NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 148 11 followed follow VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 148 12 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 148 13 sustained sustained JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 148 14 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 148 15 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 148 16 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 148 17 guineafowl guineafowl NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 148 18 population population NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 148 19 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 149 1 This this DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 149 2 highlights highlight VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 149 3 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 149 4 limitation limitation NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 149 5 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 149 6 classifying classify VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 149 7 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 149 8 based base VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 149 9 on on IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 149 10 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 149 11 single single JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 149 12 region region NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 149 13 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 149 14 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 149 15 genome genome NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 149 16 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 1 Chicken Chicken NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 2 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 3 has have VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 4 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 5 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 6 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 7 runting runte VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 8 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 9 stunting stunt VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 10 syndrome syndrome NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 12 RSS RSS NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 14 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 15 chickens chicken NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 16 characterized characterize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 17 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 18 poor poor JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 19 weight weight NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 20 gain gain NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 21 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 22 lower low JJR cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 23 feed feed NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 24 conversion conversion NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 25 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 26 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 27 mortality mortality NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 28 resulting result VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 29 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 30 economic economic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 31 losses loss NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 32 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 33 97 97 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 35 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 36 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 37 " " `` cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 38 white white JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 39 chicks chicks NNPS cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 40 " " '' cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 41 disease disease NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 42 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 43 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 44 increased increase VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 45 mortality mortality NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 46 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 47 embryos embryo NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 48 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 49 chicks chick NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 50 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 51 weakness weakness NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 52 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 53 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 54 white white JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 55 plumage plumage NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 56 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 57 98 98 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 58 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 150 59 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 1 Currently currently RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 2 two two CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 3 serotypes serotype NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 4 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 5 CAstV CAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 6 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 7 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 8 described describe VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 9 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 10 97 97 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 11 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 12 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 13 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 14 both both DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 15 serotypes serotype NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 16 form form VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 17 discrete discrete JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 18 clusters cluster NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 19 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 20 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 21 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 22 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 23 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 24 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 25 capsid capsid JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 26 region region NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 27 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 28 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 29 lineage lineage NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 30 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 31 unclassified unclassified JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 32 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 34 likely likely JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 35 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 36 be be VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 37 classified classify VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 38 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 39 AAstV-1 AAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 151 41 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 152 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 152 2 CAstV CAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 152 3 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 152 4 A a NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 152 5 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 152 6 form form VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 152 7 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 152 8 smaller small JJR cord-002561-7j43yic1 152 9 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 152 10 discrete discrete JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 152 11 lineage lineage NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 152 12 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 152 13 clustering cluster VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 152 14 closest close JJS cord-002561-7j43yic1 152 15 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 152 16 DAstV-2 DAstV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 152 17 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 152 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 152 19 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 152 20 2a 2a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 152 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 152 22 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 153 1 CAstV CAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 153 2 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 153 3 B b NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 153 4 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 153 5 form form VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 153 6 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 153 7 large large JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 153 8 lineage lineage NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 153 9 clustering clustering NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 153 10 closest close JJS cord-002561-7j43yic1 153 11 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 153 12 GFAstV GFAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 153 13 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 153 14 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 1 Based base VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 2 on on IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 3 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 4 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 5 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 6 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 7 small small JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 8 region region NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 9 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 10 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 11 RdRp RdRp NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 12 gene gene NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 13 commonly commonly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 14 sequenced sequence VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 15 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 16 it -PRON- PRP cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 17 does do VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 18 not not RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 19 allow allow VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 20 CAstV CAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 21 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 22 A a NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 23 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 24 -B -B NFP cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 25 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 26 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 27 form form VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 28 discrete discrete JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 29 clusters cluster NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 30 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 31 seen see VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 32 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 33 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 34 capsid capsid NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 35 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 36 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 37 possibly possibly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 38 reflecting reflect VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 39 multiple multiple JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 40 recombination recombination NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 41 events event NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 42 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 43 CAstV castv JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 44 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 45 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 46 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 47 2b 2b CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 48 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 154 49 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 155 1 CAstV castv JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 155 2 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 155 3 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 155 4 limited limit VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 155 5 detection detection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 155 6 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 155 7 other other JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 155 8 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 155 9 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 155 10 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 155 11 sporadic sporadic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 155 12 detection detection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 155 13 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 155 14 pigeon pigeon NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 155 15 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 155 16 duck duck NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 155 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 155 18 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 155 19 2a 2a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 155 20 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 155 21 b b NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 155 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 155 23 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 156 1 Avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 156 2 nephritis nephritis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 156 3 virus virus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 156 4 was be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 156 5 identified identify VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 156 6 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 156 7 association association NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 156 8 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 156 9 intestinal intestinal JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 156 10 nephritis nephritis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 156 11 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 156 12 chickens chicken NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 156 13 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 156 14 growth growth NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 156 15 retardation retardation NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 156 16 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 2 first first JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 3 serotype serotype NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 4 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 5 ANV ANV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 7 ANV-1 ANV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 9 was be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 10 isolated isolate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 11 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 12 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 13 healthy healthy JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 14 broiler broiler NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 15 chick chick NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 16 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 17 1976 1976 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 18 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 19 99 99 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 20 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 21 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 22 was be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 23 initially initially RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 24 regarded regard VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 25 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 26 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 27 picornavirus picornavirus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 28 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 29 subsequently subsequently RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 30 reclassified reclassify VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 31 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 32 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 33 Astroviridae Astroviridae NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 34 family family NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 35 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 36 2000 2000 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 38 100 100 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 39 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 157 40 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 158 1 Based base VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 158 2 on on IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 158 3 capsid capsid JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 158 4 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 158 5 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 158 6 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 158 7 ANV-1 ANV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 158 8 strains strain VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 158 9 cluster cluster NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 158 10 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 158 11 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 158 12 AAstV-2 AAstV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 158 13 lineage lineage NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 158 14 forming form VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 158 15 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 158 16 small small JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 158 17 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 158 18 discrete discrete JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 158 19 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 158 20 relatively relatively RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 158 21 conserved conserve VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 158 22 cluster cluster NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 158 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 158 24 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 158 25 2a 2a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 158 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 158 27 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 159 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 159 2 second second JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 159 3 serotype serotype NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 159 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 159 5 ANV-2 ANV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 159 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 159 7 was be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 159 8 later later RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 159 9 described describe VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 159 10 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 159 11 chicks chick NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 159 12 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 159 13 stunted stunted JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 159 14 growth growth NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 159 15 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 159 16 101 101 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 159 17 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 159 18 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 160 1 Based base VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 160 2 on on IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 160 3 capsid capsid JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 160 4 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 160 5 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 160 6 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 160 7 ANV-2 ANV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 160 8 strains strain VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 160 9 cluster cluster NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 160 10 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 160 11 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 160 12 AAstV-2 AAstV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 160 13 lineage lineage NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 160 14 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 160 15 forming form VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 160 16 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 160 17 larger large JJR cord-002561-7j43yic1 160 18 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 160 19 more more RBR cord-002561-7j43yic1 160 20 diverse diverse JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 160 21 sub sub NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 160 22 - - JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 160 23 lineage lineage NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 160 24 compared compare VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 160 25 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 160 26 ANV-1 ANV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 160 27 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 161 1 ANV-1 ANV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 161 2 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 161 3 ANV-2 ANV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 161 4 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 161 5 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 161 6 also also RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 161 7 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 161 8 sporadically sporadically RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 161 9 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 161 10 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 161 11 ducks duck NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 161 12 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 161 13 turkeys turkey NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 161 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 161 15 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 161 16 2a 2a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 161 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 161 18 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 1 A a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 2 third third JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 3 serotype serotype NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 5 ANV-3 ANV-3 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 7 detected detect VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 8 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 9 chickens chicken NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 10 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 11 turkeys turkey NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 12 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 13 RSS rss NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 14 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 15 locomotion locomotion NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 16 impairment impairment NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 17 has have VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 18 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 19 proposed propose VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 20 based base VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 21 on on IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 22 sequencing sequencing NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 23 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 24 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 25 ORF1a ORF1a NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 26 region region NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 27 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 28 however however RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 29 complete complete JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 30 genome genome NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 31 sequences sequence NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 32 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 33 unavailable unavailable JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 34 for for IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 35 adequate adequate JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 36 comparisons comparison NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 37 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 38 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 39 recognized recognize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 40 serotypes serotype NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 41 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 42 102 102 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 43 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 162 44 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 163 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 163 2 virus virus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 163 3 designated designate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 163 4 pigeon pigeon NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 163 5 ANV ANV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 163 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 163 7 P p NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 163 8 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 163 9 ANV ANV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 163 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 163 11 was be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 163 12 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 163 13 during during IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 163 14 an an DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 163 15 outbreak outbreak NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 163 16 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 163 17 gastrointestinal gastrointestinal JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 163 18 illness illness NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 163 19 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 163 20 young young JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 163 21 pigeons pigeon NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 163 22 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 163 23 China China NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 163 24 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 163 25 103 103 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 163 26 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 163 27 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 164 1 P p NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 164 2 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 164 3 ANV ANV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 164 4 represents represent VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 164 5 an an DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 164 6 interspecies interspecies NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 164 7 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 164 8 event event NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 164 9 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 164 10 chickens chicken NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 164 11 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 164 12 pigeon pigeon NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 164 13 ; ; . cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 1 based base VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 2 on on IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 3 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 4 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 5 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 6 P p NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 7 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 8 ANV ANV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 9 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 10 share share VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 11 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 12 high high JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 13 degree degree NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 14 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 15 genetic genetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 16 similarity similarity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 17 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 18 ANV-2 anv-2 PRP$ cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 19 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 20 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 21 cluster cluster NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 22 closely closely RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 23 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 24 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 25 also also RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 26 circulating circulate VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 27 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 28 China China NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 29 suggesting suggest VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 30 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 31 localized localized JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 32 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 33 event event NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 34 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 35 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 36 these these DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 37 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 38 should should MD cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 39 be be VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 40 considered consider VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 41 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 42 ANV-2 ANV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 43 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 44 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 45 do do VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 46 not not RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 47 require require VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 48 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 49 distinct distinct JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 50 designation designation NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 51 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 52 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 53 2a 2a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 54 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 55 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 56 104 104 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 57 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 165 58 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 1 Based base VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 2 on on IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 3 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 4 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 5 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 6 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 7 small small JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 8 region region NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 9 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 10 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 11 RdRp RdRp NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 12 gene gene NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 13 commonly commonly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 14 sequenced sequence VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 15 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 16 it -PRON- PRP cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 17 does do VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 18 not not RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 19 allow allow VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 20 ANV ANV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 21 1 1 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 22 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 23 2 2 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 24 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 25 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 26 form form VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 27 discrete discrete JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 28 clusters cluster NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 29 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 30 characterized characterize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 31 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 32 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 33 capsid capsid NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 34 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 36 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 37 2b 2b CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 166 39 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 167 1 Whilst whilst IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 167 2 this this DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 167 3 may may MD cord-002561-7j43yic1 167 4 reflect reflect VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 167 5 common common JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 167 6 recombination recombination NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 167 7 events event NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 167 8 between between IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 167 9 ANV ANV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 167 10 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 167 11 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 167 12 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 167 13 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 167 14 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 167 15 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 167 16 small small JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 167 17 region region NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 167 18 does do VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 167 19 not not RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 167 20 adequately adequately RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 167 21 allow allow VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 167 22 for for IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 167 23 distinct distinct JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 167 24 clustering clustering NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 167 25 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 1 Astrovirus astrovirus JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 2 infection infection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 3 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 4 ducks duck NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 5 has have VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 6 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 7 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 8 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 9 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 10 highly highly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 11 contagious contagious JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 12 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 13 fatal fatal JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 14 hepatitis hepatitis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 15 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 16 historically historically RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 17 known know VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 18 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 19 duck duck NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 20 hepatitis hepatitis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 21 virus virus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 22 type type NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 23 2 2 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 25 DHV-2 DHV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 27 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 28 which which WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 29 was be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 30 described describe VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 31 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 32 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 33 U.K. U.K. NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 34 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 35 subsequently subsequently RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 36 serotype serotype JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 37 DHV-3 DHV-3 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 38 was be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 39 isolated isolate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 40 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 41 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 42 USA USA NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 43 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 44 5 5 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 45 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 46 84 84 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 47 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 48 105 105 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 49 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 50 106 106 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 51 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 168 52 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 169 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 169 2 9th 9th JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 169 3 ICTV ICTV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 169 4 report report NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 169 5 classified classify VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 169 6 DHV-2 DHV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 169 7 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 169 8 DHV-3 DHV-3 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 169 9 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 169 10 DAstV-1 DAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 169 11 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 169 12 DAstV-2 DAstV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 169 13 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 169 14 respectively respectively RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 169 15 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 169 16 25 25 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 169 17 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 169 18 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 1 DAstV-1 DAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 2 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 3 form form VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 4 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 5 small small JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 6 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 7 discrete discrete JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 8 cluster cluster NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 9 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 10 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 11 AAstV-3 AAstV-3 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 12 lineage lineage NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 13 based base VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 14 on on IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 15 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 16 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 17 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 18 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 19 capsid capsid NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 20 region region NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 21 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 22 clustering cluster VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 23 closest close JJS cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 24 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 25 TAstV-2 TAstV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 26 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 28 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 29 2a 2a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 170 31 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 171 1 DAstV-2 DAstV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 171 2 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 171 3 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 171 4 currently currently RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 171 5 unclassified unclassified JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 171 6 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 171 7 form form VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 171 8 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 171 9 discrete discrete JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 171 10 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 171 11 highly highly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 171 12 conserved conserve VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 171 13 cluster cluster NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 171 14 closest close JJS cord-002561-7j43yic1 171 15 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 171 16 CAstV CAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 171 17 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 171 18 A a NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 171 19 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 171 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 171 21 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 171 22 2a 2a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 171 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 171 24 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 1 Based base VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 2 on on IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 3 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 4 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 5 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 6 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 7 RdRp RdRp NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 8 region region NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 9 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 10 DAstV-1 DAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 11 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 12 closely closely RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 13 related relate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 14 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 15 other other JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 16 unclassified unclassified JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 17 duck duck NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 18 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 19 whilst whilst IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 20 DAstV-2 DAstV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 21 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 22 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 23 more more RBR cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 24 closely closely RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 25 related related JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 26 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 27 TAstV-2 TAstV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 28 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 30 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 31 2b 2b CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 172 33 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 173 1 Further further JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 173 2 unclassified unclassified JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 173 3 serotypes serotype NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 173 4 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 173 5 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 173 6 described describe VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 173 7 ; ; : cord-002561-7j43yic1 173 8 DAstV-3-CPH dastv-3-cph ADD cord-002561-7j43yic1 173 9 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 173 10 DAstV DAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 173 11 / / SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 173 12 C C NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 173 13 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 173 14 NGB NGB NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 173 15 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 173 16 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 173 17 DAstV-4 DAstV-4 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 173 18 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 173 19 107 107 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 173 20 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 173 21 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 1 Duck Duck NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 2 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 3 DAstV-3 DAstV-3 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 4 / / SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 5 CPH CPH NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 6 has have VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 7 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 8 suggested suggest VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 9 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 10 transmit transmit VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 11 horizontally horizontally RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 12 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 13 vertically vertically RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 14 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 15 108 108 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 16 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 17 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 18 DAstV-3 DAstV-3 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 19 / / SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 20 CPH CPH NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 21 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 22 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 23 also also RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 24 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 25 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 26 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 27 goslings gosling NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 28 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 29 107 107 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 30 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 174 31 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 175 1 Phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 175 2 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 175 3 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 175 4 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 175 5 RdRp RdRp NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 175 6 region region NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 175 7 highlights highlight VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 175 8 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 175 9 diversity diversity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 175 10 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 175 11 AAstV AAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 175 12 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 175 13 circulating circulate VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 175 14 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 175 15 duck duck NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 175 16 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 175 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 175 18 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 175 19 2b 2b CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 175 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 175 21 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 176 1 Strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 176 2 endemic endemic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 176 3 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 176 4 ducks duck NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 176 5 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 176 6 limited limit VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 176 7 detection detection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 176 8 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 176 9 other other JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 176 10 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 176 11 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 176 12 including include VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 176 13 geese goose NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 176 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 176 15 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 176 16 2a 2a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 176 17 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 176 18 b b NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 176 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 176 20 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 1 Astroviruses Astroviruses NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 2 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 3 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 4 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 5 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 6 numerous numerous JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 7 wild wild JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 8 aquatic aquatic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 9 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 10 including include VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 11 teals teal NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 12 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 13 pintails pintail NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 14 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 15 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 16 shovelers shoveler NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 18 belonging belong VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 19 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 20 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 21 order order NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 22 Anseriformes Anseriformes NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 24 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 25 sanderlings sanderlings NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 27 order order NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 28 Charadriiformes Charadriiformes NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 30 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 31 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 32 herons heron NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 33 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 34 spoonbills spoonbill NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 36 order order NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 37 Pelecaniformes Pelecaniformes NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 39 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 40 86 86 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 41 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 42 109 109 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 43 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 177 44 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 178 1 Fewer few JJR cord-002561-7j43yic1 178 2 land land NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 178 3 dwelling dwelling NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 178 4 wild wild JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 178 5 birds bird NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 178 6 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 178 7 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 178 8 found find VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 178 9 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 178 10 harbor harbor VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 178 11 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 178 12 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 178 13 including include VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 178 14 doves dove NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 178 15 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 178 16 pigeons pigeon NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 178 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 178 18 order order NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 178 19 Colombiformes Colombiformes NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 178 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 179 1 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 179 2 European european JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 179 3 roller roller NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 179 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 179 5 order order NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 179 6 Coraciiformes Coraciiformes NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 179 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 179 8 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 179 9 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 179 10 black black JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 179 11 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 179 12 naped naped JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 179 13 monarch monarch NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 179 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 179 15 order order NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 179 16 Passeriformes Passeriformes NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 179 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 180 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 180 2 51 51 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 180 3 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 180 4 104 104 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 180 5 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 180 6 110 110 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 180 7 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 180 8 111 111 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 180 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 180 10 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 181 1 These these DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 181 2 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 181 3 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 181 4 highly highly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 181 5 divergent divergent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 181 6 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 181 7 largely largely RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 181 8 unclassified unclassified JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 181 9 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 181 10 suggesting suggest VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 181 11 these these DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 181 12 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 181 13 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 181 14 endemic endemic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 181 15 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 181 16 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 181 17 wild wild JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 181 18 bird bird NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 181 19 population population NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 181 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 181 21 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 181 22 2a 2a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 181 23 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 181 24 b b NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 181 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 181 26 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 2 migratory migratory JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 3 behavior behavior NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 4 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 5 some some DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 6 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 7 these these DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 8 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 9 provides provide VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 10 ideal ideal JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 11 conditions condition NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 12 for for IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 13 virus virus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 14 dissemination dissemination NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 15 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 16 diversification diversification NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 17 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 18 during during IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 19 migration migration NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 20 there there EX cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 21 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 22 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 23 high high JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 24 degree degree NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 25 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 26 co co NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 27 - - NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 28 mingling mingling JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 29 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 30 increased increase VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 31 density density NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 32 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 33 birds bird NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 34 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 35 different different JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 36 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 37 that that WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 38 may may MD cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 39 originate originate VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 40 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 41 varied varied JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 42 geographic geographic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 43 regions region NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 44 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 45 112 112 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 46 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 182 47 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 183 1 Phylogenies phylogeny NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 183 2 indicate indicate VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 183 3 that that IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 183 4 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 183 5 genetic genetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 183 6 diversity diversity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 183 7 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 183 8 mamastroviruses mamastroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 183 9 has have VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 183 10 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 183 11 shaped shape VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 183 12 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 183 13 extensive extensive JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 183 14 interspecies interspecie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 183 15 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 183 16 events event NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 183 17 that that WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 183 18 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 183 19 occurred occur VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 183 20 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 183 21 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 183 22 past past NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 183 23 between between IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 183 24 wild wild JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 183 25 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 183 26 domestic domestic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 183 27 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 183 28 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 183 29 humans human NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 183 30 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 1 However however RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 2 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 3 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 4 inference inference NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 5 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 6 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 7 interspecies interspecie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 8 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 9 events event NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 10 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 11 hampered hamper VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 12 due due IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 13 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 15 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 17 sequencing sequencing NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 18 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 19 only only RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 20 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 21 small small JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 22 portion portion NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 23 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 24 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 25 genome genome NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 26 ; ; : cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 28 b b NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 30 inadequate inadequate JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 31 sampling sampling NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 32 ; ; : cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 33 or or CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 35 c c NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 37 that that IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 38 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 39 event event NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 40 occurred occur VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 41 early early RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 42 during during IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 43 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 44 divergence divergence NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 45 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 46 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 47 lineages lineage NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 184 48 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 185 1 A a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 185 2 few few JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 185 3 exceptions exception NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 185 4 where where WRB cord-002561-7j43yic1 185 5 host host NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 185 6 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 185 7 jumps jump NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 185 8 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 185 9 apparent apparent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 185 10 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 185 11 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 185 12 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 185 13 livestock livestock NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 185 14 where where WRB cord-002561-7j43yic1 185 15 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 185 16 greater great JJR cord-002561-7j43yic1 185 17 level level NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 185 18 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 185 19 sampling sampling NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 185 20 has have VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 185 21 occurred occur VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 185 22 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 1 This this DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 2 includes include VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 3 hosts host NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 4 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 5 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 6 greater great JJR cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 7 level level NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 8 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 9 interaction interaction NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 11 e.g. e.g. RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 12 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 13 MAstV-13 MAstV-13 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 14 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 15 ovine ovine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 16 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 17 bovine bovine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 19 or or CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 20 host host NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 21 genetic genetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 22 similarly similarly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 24 e.g. e.g. RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 25 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 26 MAstV-26 MAstV-26 NNPS cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 27 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 28 wild wild JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 29 boars boar NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 30 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 31 domestic domestic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 32 pigs pig NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 186 34 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 1 With with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 2 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 3 exception exception NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 4 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 5 HAstV-4 HAstV-4 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 6 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 7 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 8 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 9 fatal fatal JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 10 meningoencephalitis meningoencephalitis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 11 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 12 it -PRON- PRP cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 13 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 14 interesting interesting JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 15 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 16 note note VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 17 that that IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 18 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 19 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 20 multiple multiple JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 21 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 22 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 23 all all DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 24 recognized recognize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 25 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 26 cause cause VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 27 neurological neurological JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 28 symptoms symptom NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 29 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 30 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 31 closely closely RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 32 related relate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 33 including include VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 34 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 35 VA1 VA1 NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 36 / / SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 37 HMO HMO NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 38 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 39 C C NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 40 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 41 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 42 mink mink NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 43 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 44 bovine bovine NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 45 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 46 also also RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 47 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 48 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 49 neurological neurological JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 50 symptoms symptom NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 51 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 52 suggesting suggest VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 53 that that IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 54 these these DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 55 related relate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 56 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 57 may may MD cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 58 have have VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 59 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 60 distinct distinct JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 61 phenotype phenotype NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 62 compared compare VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 63 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 64 other other JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 65 MAstV MAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 66 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 67 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 68 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 69 1a 1a NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 70 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 71 b b LS cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 72 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 187 73 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 1 Astrovirus astrovirus JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 2 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 3 identified identify VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 4 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 5 fecal fecal JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 6 samples sample NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 7 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 8 multiple multiple JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 9 non non JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 10 - - JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 11 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 12 primate primate JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 13 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 14 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 15 wild wild JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 16 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 17 captive captive JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 18 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 19 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 20 peri peri JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 21 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 22 urban urban JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 23 environments environment NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 24 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 25 Bangladesh Bangladesh NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 26 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 27 Cambodia Cambodia NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 28 reveal reveal VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 29 multiple multiple JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 30 interspecies interspecie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 31 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 32 events event NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 33 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 34 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 35 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 36 closely closely RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 37 related relate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 38 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 39 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 40 VA VA NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 41 / / SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 42 HMO HMO NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 43 lineage lineage NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 44 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 45 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 46 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 47 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 48 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 49 non non JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 50 - - JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 51 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 52 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 53 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 54 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 55 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 56 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 57 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 58 1a 1a NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 59 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 60 b b LS cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 61 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 62 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 63 28 28 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 64 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 188 65 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 189 1 Similarly similarly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 189 2 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 189 3 there there EX cord-002561-7j43yic1 189 4 appears appear VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 189 5 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 189 6 be be VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 189 7 evidence evidence NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 189 8 for for IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 189 9 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 189 10 high high JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 189 11 degree degree NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 189 12 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 189 13 cross cross JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 189 14 species species NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 189 15 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 189 16 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 189 17 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 189 18 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 189 19 between between IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 189 20 farmed farm VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 189 21 poultry poultry NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 189 22 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 189 23 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 189 24 described describe VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 189 25 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 189 26 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 189 27 above above JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 189 28 sections section NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 189 29 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 190 1 There there EX cord-002561-7j43yic1 190 2 also also RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 190 3 appears appear VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 190 4 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 190 5 be be VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 190 6 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 190 7 between between IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 190 8 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 190 9 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 190 10 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 190 11 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 190 12 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 191 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 191 2 highly highly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 191 3 divergent divergent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 191 4 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 191 5 isolated isolate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 191 6 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 191 7 European european JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 191 8 roller roller NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 192 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 192 2 Er Er NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 192 3 / / SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 192 4 SZAL6 SZAL6 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 192 5 / / SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 192 6 HUN/2011 HUN/2011 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 193 1 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 193 2 Er Er NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 193 3 / / SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 193 4 BMTK529 BMTK529 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 193 5 / / SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 193 6 HUN/2011 HUN/2011 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 193 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 193 8 exhibited exhibit VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 193 9 low low JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 193 10 identity identity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 193 11 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 193 12 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 193 13 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 193 14 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 193 15 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 193 16 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 194 1 cluster cluster NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 194 2 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 194 3 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 194 4 MAstV MAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 194 5 lineage lineage NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 194 6 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 194 7 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 194 8 were be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 194 9 likely likely RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 194 10 derived derive VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 194 11 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 194 12 multiple multiple JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 194 13 recombination recombination NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 194 14 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 194 15 interspecies interspecies NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 194 16 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 194 17 events event NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 194 18 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 194 19 51 51 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 194 20 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 194 21 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 195 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 195 2 carnivorous carnivorous JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 195 3 diet diet NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 195 4 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 195 5 this this DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 195 6 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 195 7 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 195 8 may may MD cord-002561-7j43yic1 195 9 have have VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 195 10 facilitated facilitate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 195 11 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 195 12 interspecies interspecies NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 195 13 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 195 14 event event NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 195 15 between between IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 195 16 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 195 17 rodent rodent NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 195 18 or or CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 195 19 small small JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 195 20 mammal mammal NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 195 21 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 195 22 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 1 This this DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 2 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 3 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 4 only only JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 5 report report NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 6 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 7 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 8 Mamastrovirus Mamastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 9 strain strain NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 10 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 11 an an DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 12 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 13 species species NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 14 ; ; : cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 15 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 16 contrast contrast NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 17 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 18 there there EX cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 19 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 20 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 21 more more JJR cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 22 reports report NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 23 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 24 Avastrovirus Avastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 25 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 26 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 27 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 28 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 29 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 30 which which WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 31 may may MD cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 32 reflect reflect VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 33 greater great JJR cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 34 sampling sampling NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 35 density density NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 36 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 37 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 38 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 39 population population NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 196 40 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 1 A a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 2 highly highly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 3 divergent divergent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 4 group group NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 5 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 6 mink mink NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 7 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 8 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 9 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 10 China China NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 11 represent represent VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 12 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 13 novel novel JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 14 clade clade NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 15 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 16 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 17 that that WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 18 were be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 19 distantly distantly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 20 related relate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 21 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 22 previously previously RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 23 described describe VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 24 mink mink NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 25 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 26 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 27 were be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 28 closely closely RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 29 related relate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 30 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 31 chicken chicken NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 32 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 33 turkey turkey NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 34 astroviruses astroviruses NNPS cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 36 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 37 2a 2a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 38 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 39 b b LS cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 41 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 42 113 113 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 43 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 197 44 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 1 These these DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 2 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 3 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 4 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 5 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 6 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 7 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 8 capsid capsid JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 9 region region NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 10 clustering cluster VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 11 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 12 CAstV CAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 13 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 14 B b NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 15 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 16 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 17 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 18 RdRp RdRp NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 19 region region NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 20 clustering cluster VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 21 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 22 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 23 MAstV mastv JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 24 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 25 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 26 CAstV castv JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 27 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 29 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 30 2a 2a CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 31 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 32 b b NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 198 34 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 1 There there EX cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 2 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 3 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 4 two two CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 5 Avastrovirus Avastrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 6 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 7 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 8 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 9 humans human NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 10 ; ; : cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 11 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 12 strain strain NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 13 clustering clustering NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 14 close close RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 15 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 16 ANV-1 ANV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 17 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 18 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 19 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 20 turkey turkey NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 21 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 22 chicken chicken NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 23 was be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 24 isolated isolate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 25 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 26 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 27 child child NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 28 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 29 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 30 Gambia Gambia NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 31 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 32 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 33 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 34 strain strain NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 35 clustering clustering NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 36 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 37 ANV-2 ANV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 38 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 39 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 40 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 41 chicken chicken NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 42 was be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 43 isolated isolate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 44 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 45 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 46 child child NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 47 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 48 Kenya Kenya NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 49 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 50 44 44 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 51 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 199 52 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 1 Serological serological JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 2 studies study NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 3 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 4 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 5 used use VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 6 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 7 screen screen VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 8 human human NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 9 sera sera NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 10 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 11 poultry poultry NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 12 workers worker NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 13 for for IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 14 antibodies antibody NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 15 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 16 TAstV-2 TAstV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 17 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 18 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 19 up up IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 20 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 21 26 26 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 22 % % NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 23 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 24 participants participant NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 25 positive positive JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 26 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 27 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 28 highest high JJS cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 29 detection detection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 30 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 31 abattoir abattoir NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 32 workers worker NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 33 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 34 turkey turkey NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 35 growers grower NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 36 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 37 114 114 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 38 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 39 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 40 suggesting suggest VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 41 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 42 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 43 may may MD cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 44 be be VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 45 readily readily RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 46 transmitted transmit VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 47 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 48 humans human NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 49 under under IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 50 prolonged prolong VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 51 close close JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 52 contact contact NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 200 53 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 201 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 201 2 important important JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 201 3 role role NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 201 4 that that WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 201 5 ecotones ecotone NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 201 6 play play VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 201 7 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 201 8 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 201 9 cross cross JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 201 10 - - JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 201 11 species species JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 201 12 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 201 13 has have VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 201 14 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 201 15 proposed propose VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 201 16 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 201 17 112 112 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 201 18 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 201 19 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 202 1 Ecotones ecotone NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 202 2 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 202 3 ecological ecological JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 202 4 transition transition NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 202 5 areas area NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 202 6 such such JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 202 7 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 202 8 small small JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 202 9 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 202 10 medium medium JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 202 11 sized sized JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 202 12 farms farm NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 202 13 which which WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 202 14 rear rear VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 202 15 multiple multiple JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 202 16 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 202 17 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 2 co co NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 3 - - NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 4 rearing rearing NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 5 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 6 poultry poultry NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 7 such such JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 8 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 9 domestic domestic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 10 ducks duck NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 11 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 12 chickens chicken NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 13 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 14 turkey turkey NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 15 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 16 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 17 guineafowl guineafowl NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 18 can can MD cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 19 facilitate facilitate VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 20 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 21 between between IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 22 these these DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 23 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 24 but but CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 25 also also RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 26 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 27 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 28 wild wild JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 29 birds bird NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 31 112 112 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 32 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 203 33 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 204 1 Farms farm NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 204 2 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 204 3 abattoirs abattoir NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 204 4 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 204 5 also also RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 204 6 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 204 7 recognized recognize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 204 8 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 204 9 environments environment NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 204 10 facilitating facilitate VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 204 11 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 204 12 between between IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 204 13 livestock livestock NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 204 14 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 204 15 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 204 16 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 204 17 farm farm VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 204 18 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 204 19 abattoir abattoir NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 204 20 workers worker NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 204 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 204 22 114 114 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 204 23 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 204 24 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 1 Many many JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 2 other other JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 3 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 4 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 5 contact contact NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 6 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 7 livestock livestock NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 8 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 9 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 10 farming farming NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 11 environment environment NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 12 ; ; : cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 13 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 14 addition addition NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 15 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 16 wild wild JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 17 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 18 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 19 companion companion NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 20 animals animal NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 21 such such JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 22 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 23 cats cat NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 24 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 25 dogs dog NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 26 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 27 other other JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 28 peri peri JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 29 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 30 domestic domestic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 31 animals animal NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 32 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 33 contact contact NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 34 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 35 livestock livestock NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 36 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 37 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 38 biological biological JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 39 waste waste NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 40 providing provide VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 41 substantial substantial JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 42 opportunities opportunity NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 43 for for IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 44 cross cross JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 45 - - JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 46 species species JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 47 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 205 48 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 1 Astroviruses Astroviruses NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 2 also also RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 3 persist persist VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 4 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 5 bodies body NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 6 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 7 water water NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 8 making make VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 9 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 10 aquatic aquatic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 11 environment environment NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 12 ideal ideal NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 13 for for IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 14 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 15 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 16 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 17 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 18 infecting infect VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 19 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 20 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 21 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 22 aquatic aquatic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 23 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 24 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 25 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 26 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 27 possible possible JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 28 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 29 between between IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 30 terrestrial terrestrial JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 31 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 32 aquatic aquatic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 33 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 206 34 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 207 1 Untreated untreated JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 207 2 or or CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 207 3 inadequately inadequately RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 207 4 treated treat VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 207 5 sewage sewage NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 207 6 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 207 7 waste waste NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 207 8 water water NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 207 9 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 207 10 domestic domestic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 207 11 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 207 12 farmed farmed JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 207 13 areas area NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 207 14 can can MD cord-002561-7j43yic1 207 15 reach reach VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 207 16 fresh fresh JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 207 17 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 207 18 marine marine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 207 19 bodies body NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 207 20 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 207 21 water water NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 207 22 transmitting transmit VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 207 23 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 207 24 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 207 25 animal animal NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 207 26 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 207 27 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 1 Astroviruses Astroviruses NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 2 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 3 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 4 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 5 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 6 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 7 environment environment NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 8 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 9 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 10 durability durability NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 11 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 12 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 13 virus virus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 14 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 15 this this DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 16 environment environment NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 17 may may MD cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 18 greatly greatly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 19 contribute contribute VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 20 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 21 cross cross JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 22 - - JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 23 species species JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 24 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 25 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 26 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 27 between between IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 28 terrestrial terrestrial JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 29 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 30 aquatic aquatic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 31 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 32 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 33 generating generate VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 34 significant significant JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 35 diversity diversity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 36 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 37 115 115 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 38 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 208 39 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 209 1 In in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 209 2 addition addition NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 209 3 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 209 4 interspecies interspecies NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 209 5 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 209 6 which which WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 209 7 generates generate VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 209 8 significant significant JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 209 9 diversity diversity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 209 10 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 209 11 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 209 12 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 209 13 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 209 14 both both DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 209 15 intra intra JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 209 16 - - NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 209 17 species species JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 209 18 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 209 19 inter inter JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 209 20 - - JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 209 21 species species JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 209 22 recombination recombination NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 209 23 can can MD cord-002561-7j43yic1 209 24 rapidly rapidly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 209 25 generate generate VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 209 26 novel novel JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 209 27 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 209 28 divergent divergent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 209 29 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 209 30 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 1 Full full JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 2 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 3 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 4 partial partial JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 5 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 6 genome genome NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 7 sequence sequence NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 8 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 9 has have VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 10 identified identify VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 11 multiple multiple JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 12 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 13 that that WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 14 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 15 undergone undergo VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 16 recombination recombination NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 17 events event NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 18 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 19 which which WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 20 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 21 predominately predominately RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 22 located locate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 23 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 24 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 25 ORF1b ORF1b NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 26 / / SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 27 ORF2 ORF2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 28 junction junction NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 29 region region NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 30 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 31 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 32 genome genome NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 33 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 34 which which WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 35 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 36 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 37 region region NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 38 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 39 an an DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 40 RNA RNA NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 41 secondary secondary JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 42 structure structure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 43 predicted predict VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 44 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 45 contain contain VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 46 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 47 stable stable JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 48 hairpin hairpin NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 49 structure structure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 50 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 51 21 21 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 52 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 53 34 34 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 54 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 55 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 56 116 116 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 57 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 58 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 59 117 117 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 60 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 61 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 62 118 118 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 63 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 64 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 65 119 119 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 66 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 210 67 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 211 1 A a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 211 2 virus virus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 211 3 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 211 4 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 211 5 recombination recombination NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 211 6 event event NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 211 7 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 211 8 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 211 9 ORF1a ORF1a NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 211 10 region region NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 211 11 has have VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 211 12 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 211 13 identified identify VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 211 14 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 211 15 119 119 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 211 16 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 211 17 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 212 1 Some some DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 212 2 recombinants recombinant NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 212 3 appear appear VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 212 4 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 212 5 be be VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 212 6 highly highly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 212 7 stable stable JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 212 8 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 212 9 show show VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 212 10 widespread widespread JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 212 11 detection detection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 212 12 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 212 13 21 21 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 212 14 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 212 15 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 212 16 whilst whilst IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 212 17 others other NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 212 18 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 212 19 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 212 20 sporadically sporadically RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 212 21 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 212 22 single single JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 212 23 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 212 24 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 1 Numerous numerous JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 2 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 3 recombinant recombinant NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 4 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 5 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 6 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 7 reported report VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 8 between between IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 9 HAstV hastv JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 10 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 11 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 12 including include VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 13 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 14 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 15 HAstV-1 HAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 17 ORF1b ORF1b NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 19 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 20 HAstV-4 HAstV-4 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 22 ORF2 ORF2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 24 parental parental JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 25 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 26 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 27 HAstV-1 HAstV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 29 ORF1b ORF1b NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 31 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 32 HAstV-3 HAstV-3 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 34 ORF2 ORF2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 36 parental parental JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 37 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 38 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 39 HAstV-3 HAstV-3 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 41 ORF1b ORF1b NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 43 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 44 HAstV-2 HAstV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 45 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 46 ORF2 ORF2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 47 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 48 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 49 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 50 VA2 VA2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 51 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 52 ORF1b ORF1b NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 53 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 54 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 55 MLB1 MLB1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 56 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 57 ORF2 ORF2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 58 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 59 parental parental JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 60 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 61 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 62 116 116 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 63 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 64 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 65 119 119 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 66 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 67 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 68 120 120 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 69 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 70 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 71 121 121 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 72 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 213 73 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 214 1 Divergent divergent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 214 2 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 214 3 often often RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 214 4 represent represent VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 214 5 recombination recombination NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 214 6 events event NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 214 7 between between IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 214 8 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 214 9 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 214 10 different different JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 214 11 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 214 12 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 215 1 In in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 215 2 2010 2010 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 215 3 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 215 4 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 215 5 study study NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 215 6 conducted conduct VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 215 7 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 215 8 Rivera Rivera NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 215 9 et et NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 215 10 al al NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 215 11 . . NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 215 12 suggested suggest VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 215 13 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 215 14 possibility possibility NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 215 15 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 215 16 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 215 17 recombination recombination NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 215 18 event event NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 215 19 between between IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 215 20 human human NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 215 21 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 215 22 California California NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 215 23 sea sea NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 215 24 lion lion NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 215 25 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 215 26 strains strain VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 215 27 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 215 28 26 26 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 215 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 215 30 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 216 1 A a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 216 2 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 216 3 strain strain NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 216 4 derived derive VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 216 5 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 216 6 porcine porcine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 216 7 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 216 8 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 216 9 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 216 10 HAstV-3 HAstV-3 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 216 11 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 216 12 was be VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 216 13 reported report VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 216 14 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 216 15 piglets piglet NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 216 16 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 216 17 children child NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 216 18 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 216 19 various various JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 216 20 regions region NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 216 21 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 216 22 Colombia Colombia NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 216 23 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 216 24 62 62 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 216 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 216 26 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 217 1 ANV anv NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 217 2 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 217 3 that that WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 217 4 appear appear VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 217 5 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 217 6 be be VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 217 7 derived derive VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 217 8 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 217 9 recombination recombination NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 217 10 events event NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 217 11 between between IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 217 12 ANV-1 ANV-1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 217 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 217 14 ORF1b ORF1b NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 217 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 217 16 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 217 17 ANV-2 ANV-2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 217 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 217 19 ORF2 ORF2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 217 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 217 21 have have VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 217 22 been be VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 217 23 described describe VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 217 24 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 217 25 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 217 26 USA USA NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 217 27 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 217 28 85 85 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 217 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 217 30 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 2 increased increase VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 3 sampling sampling NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 4 density density NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 5 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 6 numerous numerous JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 7 host host NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 8 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 9 combined combine VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 10 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 11 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 12 more more RBR cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 13 prevalent prevalent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 14 use use NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 15 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 16 NGS NGS NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 17 technologies technology NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 18 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 19 viral viral JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 20 metagenomic metagenomic NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 21 studies study NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 22 will will MD cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 23 increase increase VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 24 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 25 detection detection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 26 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 27 novel novel JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 28 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 29 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 30 further further RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 31 driving drive VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 32 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 33 need need NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 34 for for IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 35 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 36 unified unified JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 37 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 38 complex complex JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 39 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 40 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 41 encompassing encompass VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 42 classification classification NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 43 system system NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 218 44 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 2 previously previously RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 3 common common JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 4 practice practice NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 5 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 6 sequencing sequence VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 7 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 8 relatively relatively RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 9 conserved conserve VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 10 RdRp rdrp NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 11 amplicon amplicon NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 12 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 13 300 300 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 14 - - SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 15 400 400 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 16 bp bp NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 17 renders render VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 18 many many JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 19 sequences sequence NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 20 available available JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 21 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 22 GenBank GenBank NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 23 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 24 little little JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 25 use use NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 26 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 27 detailed detailed JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 28 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 29 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 30 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 31 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 32 does do VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 33 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 34 frequent frequent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 35 missing missing JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 36 metadata metadata NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 37 regarding regard VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 38 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 39 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 40 isolation isolation NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 41 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 42 country country NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 43 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 44 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 45 date date NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 46 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 47 collection collection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 219 48 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 220 1 Sequencing sequence VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 220 2 small small JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 220 3 regions region NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 220 4 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 220 5 not not RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 220 6 adequate adequate JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 220 7 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 220 8 determine determine VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 220 9 if if IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 220 10 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 220 11 virus virus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 220 12 strain strain NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 220 13 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 220 14 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 220 15 novel novel NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 220 16 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 220 17 divergent divergent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 220 18 strain strain NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 220 19 or or CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 220 20 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 220 21 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 220 22 virus virus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 220 23 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 221 1 Recommendations recommendation NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 221 2 should should MD cord-002561-7j43yic1 221 3 be be VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 221 4 made make VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 221 5 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 221 6 encourage encourage VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 221 7 full full JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 221 8 genome genome NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 221 9 sequencing sequencing NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 221 10 where where WRB cord-002561-7j43yic1 221 11 possible possible JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 221 12 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 221 13 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 221 14 deposition deposition NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 221 15 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 221 16 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 221 17 host host NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 221 18 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 221 19 demographic demographic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 221 20 information information NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 221 21 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 1 Although although IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 2 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 3 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 4 amino amino NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 5 acid acid NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 6 sequences sequence NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 7 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 8 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 9 capsid capsid JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 10 region region NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 11 is be VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 12 required require VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 13 for for IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 14 classification classification NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 15 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 16 it -PRON- PRP cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 17 leads lead VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 18 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 19 confusion confusion NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 20 regarding regard VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 21 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 22 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 23 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 24 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 25 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 26 highly highly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 27 inconsistent inconsistent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 28 publication publication NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 29 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 30 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 31 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 32 amino amino NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 33 acid acid NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 34 trees tree NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 35 further further RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 36 complicating complicate VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 37 attempts attempt NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 38 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 39 clarify clarify VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 40 diversity diversity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 41 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 42 classification classification NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 222 43 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 2 topologies topology NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 3 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 4 amino amino NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 5 acid acid NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 6 trees tree NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 7 differ differ VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 8 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 9 those those DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 10 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 11 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 12 trees tree NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 13 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 14 particularly particularly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 15 for for IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 16 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 17 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 18 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 19 MAstV MAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 20 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 21 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 22 whilst whilst IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 23 amino amino NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 24 acid acid NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 25 trees tree NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 26 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 27 required require VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 28 for for IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 29 classification classification NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 30 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 31 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 32 trees tree NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 33 may may MD cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 34 be be VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 35 more more RBR cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 36 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 37 for for IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 38 describing describe VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 39 within within IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 40 species species NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 41 diversity diversity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 43 Figures figure NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 44 S1 S1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 45 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 46 S2 S2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 47 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 223 48 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 224 1 Incorporating incorporate VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 224 2 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 224 3 standardized standardized JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 224 4 nomenclature nomenclature NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 224 5 to to TO cord-002561-7j43yic1 224 6 aid aid VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 224 7 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 224 8 classification classification NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 224 9 has have VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 224 10 proven prove VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 224 11 invaluable invaluable JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 224 12 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 224 13 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 224 14 classification classification NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 224 15 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 224 16 numerous numerous JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 224 17 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 224 18 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 224 19 including include VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 224 20 rotavirus rotavirus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 224 21 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 224 22 influenza influenza NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 224 23 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 224 24 122 122 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 224 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 224 26 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 1 Adopting adopt VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 2 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 3 nomenclature nomenclature NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 4 that that WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 5 records record VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 6 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 7 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 8 metadata metadata NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 9 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 10 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 11 sample sample NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 12 collection collection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 13 including include VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 14 host host NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 15 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 16 location location NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 17 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 18 date date NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 19 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 20 collection collection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 21 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 22 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 23 determined determine VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 24 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 25 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 26 serotype serotype NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 27 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 28 proposed propose VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 29 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 30 Martella Martella NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 31 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 32 colleagues colleague NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 33 would would MD cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 34 vastly vastly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 35 improve improve VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 36 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 37 usability usability NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 38 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 39 strains strain NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 40 for for IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 41 more more JJR cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 42 complex complex JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 43 analyses analysis NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 44 [ [ -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 45 38 38 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 46 ] ] -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 225 47 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 2 following follow VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 3 are be VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 4 available available JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 5 online online RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 6 at at IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 7 www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/9/5/102/s1 www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/9/5/102/s1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 8 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 9 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 10 S1 s1 NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 11 : : : cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 12 Maximum maximum JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 13 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 14 likelihood likelihood NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 15 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 16 tree tree NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 17 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 18 MAstV MAstV NNPS cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 20 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 22 capsid capsid NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 23 nucleotide nucleotide NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 24 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 26 b b NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 28 capsid capsid NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 29 amino amino NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 30 acid acid NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 31 sequences sequence NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 32 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 33 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 34 S2 s2 NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 35 : : : cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 36 Maximum maximum JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 37 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 38 likelihood likelihood NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 39 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 40 tree tree NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 41 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 42 MAstV MAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 43 RdRp RdRp NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 44 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 45 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 46 S3 s3 NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 47 : : : cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 48 Maximum maximum JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 49 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 50 likelihood likelihood NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 51 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 52 tree tree NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 53 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 54 AAstV AAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 55 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 56 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 57 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 58 capsid capsid NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 59 nucleotide nucleotide NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 226 60 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 227 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 227 2 b b LS cord-002561-7j43yic1 227 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 227 4 capsid capsid NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 227 5 amino amino NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 227 6 acid acid NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 227 7 sequences sequence NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 227 8 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 227 9 Figure figure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 227 10 S4 s4 NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 227 11 : : : cord-002561-7j43yic1 227 12 Maximum maximum JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 227 13 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 227 14 likelihood likelihood NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 227 15 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 227 16 tree tree NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 227 17 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 227 18 AAstV AAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 227 19 RdRp RdRp NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 227 20 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 228 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 228 2 authors author NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 228 3 declare declare VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 228 4 no no DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 228 5 conflict conflict NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 228 6 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 228 7 interest interest NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 228 8 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 1 28 28 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 2 nm nm NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 3 Particles particle NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 4 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 5 faeces faece NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 6 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 7 infantile infantile JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 8 gastroenteritis gastroenteritis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 9 Ultrastructure Ultrastructure NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 10 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 11 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 12 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 13 serotype serotype NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 14 2 2 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 15 Letter letter NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 16 : : : cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 17 Viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 18 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 19 gastroenteritis gastroenteritis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 20 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 21 infants infant NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 22 Detection detection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 23 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 24 transmission transmission NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 25 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 26 30 30 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 27 nm nm NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 28 virus virus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 29 particles particle NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 31 astroviruses astroviruses NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 33 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 34 faeces faece NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 35 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 36 lambs lamb NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 37 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 38 diarrhoea diarrhoea NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 39 Duck Duck NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 40 hepatitis hepatitis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 229 41 : : : cord-002561-7j43yic1 230 1 Vaccination vaccination NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 230 2 against against IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 230 3 two two CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 230 4 serological serological JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 230 5 types type NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 230 6 Epidemiology epidemiology NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 230 7 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 230 8 astrovirus astrovirus JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 230 9 infection infection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 230 10 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 230 11 children child NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 231 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 231 2 changing change VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 231 3 epidemiology epidemiology NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 231 4 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 231 5 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 231 6 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 231 7 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 231 8 gastroenteritis gastroenteritis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 231 9 : : : cord-002561-7j43yic1 232 1 A a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 232 2 review review NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 233 1 Molecular molecular JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 233 2 epidemiology epidemiology NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 233 3 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 233 4 childhood childhood NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 233 5 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 233 6 infection infection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 233 7 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 233 8 child child NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 233 9 care care NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 233 10 centers center NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 1 Multiple multiple JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 2 novel novel NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 3 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 4 species specie NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 5 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 6 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 7 stool stool NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 8 Astrovirus Astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 9 MLB2 MLB2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 10 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 11 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 12 new new JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 13 gastroenteric gastroenteric JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 14 virus virus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 15 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 16 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 17 meningitis meningitis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 18 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 19 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 20 infection infection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 21 Astrovirus Astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 22 infections infection NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 23 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 24 humans human NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 25 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 26 animals animal NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 27 - - : cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 28 Molecular molecular JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 29 biology biology NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 30 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 31 genetic genetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 32 diversity diversity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 33 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 34 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 35 interspecies interspecies NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 36 transmissions transmission NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 37 Pathogenesis Pathogenesis NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 38 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 39 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 40 infection infection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 41 Neurotropic Neurotropic NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 42 astrovirus astrovirus VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 43 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 44 cattle cattle NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 45 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 46 nonsuppurative nonsuppurative NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 47 encephalitis encephalitis RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 48 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 49 Europe Europe NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 50 Divergent Divergent NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 51 astrovirus astrovirus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 52 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 53 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 54 neurologic neurologic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 55 disease disease NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 56 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 57 cattle cattle NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 58 Detection detection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 59 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 60 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 61 novel novel JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 62 bovine bovine NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 63 astrovirus astrovirus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 64 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 65 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 66 cow cow NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 67 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 68 encephalitis encephalitis JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 69 Detection detection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 70 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 71 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 72 novel novel JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 73 astrovirus astrovirus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 74 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 75 brain brain NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 76 tissue tissue NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 77 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 78 mink mink NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 79 suffering suffering NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 80 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 81 shaking shake VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 82 mink mink NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 83 syndrome syndrome NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 84 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 85 use use NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 86 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 87 viral viral JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 88 metagenomics metagenomic NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 89 Candidates candidate NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 90 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 91 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 92 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 93 seadornaviruses seadornaviruses NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 94 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 95 cytorhabdoviruses cytorhabdoviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 96 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 97 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 98 for for IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 99 +1 +1 HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 100 frame frame NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 101 overlapping overlap VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 102 genes gene NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 103 accessed access VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 104 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 105 leaky leaky JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 106 scanning scanning NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 107 RNA rna NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 108 sequence sequence NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 109 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 110 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 111 : : : cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 112 Distinctive distinctive JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 113 genomic genomic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 114 organization organization NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 115 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 116 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 117 putative putative JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 118 retrovirus retrovirus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 119 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 120 like like JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 121 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 122 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 123 signal signal NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 124 that that WDT cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 125 directs direct VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 126 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 127 viral viral JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 128 replicase replicase NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 129 synthesis synthesis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 130 Molecular Molecular NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 131 epidemiology epidemiology NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 132 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 133 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 134 astrovirus astrovirus JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 135 diarrhea diarrhea NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 136 among among IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 137 children child NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 138 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 139 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 140 periurban periurban JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 141 community community NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 142 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 143 Mexico Mexico NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 144 City City NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 145 Genetic genetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 146 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 147 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 148 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 149 capsid capsid JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 150 region region NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 151 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 152 astroviruses astroviruses NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 153 Crystal Crystal NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 154 structure structure NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 155 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 156 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 157 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 158 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 159 capsid capsid NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 160 spike spike NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 161 Novel Novel NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 162 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 163 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 234 164 : : : cord-002561-7j43yic1 235 1 Challenges challenge NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 235 2 for for IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 235 3 developing develop VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 235 4 countries country NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 235 5 Virus Virus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 235 6 Taxonomy Taxonomy NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 235 7 : : : cord-002561-7j43yic1 236 1 Ninth Ninth NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 236 2 Report Report NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 236 3 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 236 4 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 236 5 International International NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 236 6 Committee Committee NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 236 7 on on IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 236 8 Taxonomy Taxonomy NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 236 9 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 236 10 Viruses Viruses NNPS cord-002561-7j43yic1 236 11 Characterization characterization NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 236 12 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 236 13 phylogenetically phylogenetically RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 236 14 diverse diverse JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 236 15 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 236 16 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 236 17 marine marine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 236 18 mammals mammal NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 1 A a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 2 novel novel JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 3 astrovirus astrovirus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 4 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 5 dromedaries dromedary NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 6 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 7 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 8 Middle Middle NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 9 East East NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 10 Non non JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 11 - - JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 12 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 13 Primates primate NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 14 harbor harbor VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 15 diverse diverse JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 16 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 17 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 18 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 19 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 20 including include VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 21 those those DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 22 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 23 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 24 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 25 infections infection NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 26 Identification Identification NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 27 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 28 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 29 astrovirus astrovirus JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 30 infections infection NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 31 among among IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 32 children child NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 33 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 34 acute acute JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 35 gastroenteritis gastroenteritis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 36 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 37 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 38 southern southern JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 39 part part NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 40 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 41 Vietnam Vietnam NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 42 during during IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 43 2005 2005 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 44 - - SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 45 2006 2006 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 46 Astrovirus Astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 47 infection infection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 48 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 49 hospitalized hospitalize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 50 infants infant NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 51 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 52 severe severe JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 53 combined combine VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 54 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 55 after after IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 56 allogeneic allogeneic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 57 hematopoietic hematopoietic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 58 stem stem NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 59 cell cell NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 60 transplantation transplantation NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 61 Identification identification NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 62 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 63 characterization characterization NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 64 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 65 unrecognized unrecognized JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 66 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 67 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 68 stool stool NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 69 samples sample NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 70 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 71 non non JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 72 - - JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 73 polio polio JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 74 acute acute JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 75 flaccid flaccid JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 76 paralysis paralysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 77 children child NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 78 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 79 simplified simplify VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 80 VIDISCA VIDISCA NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 81 Human Human NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 82 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 83 serotypes serotypes CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 84 Antigenic antigenic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 85 characterization characterization NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 86 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 87 cell cell NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 88 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 89 cultivated cultivate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 90 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 91 serotypes serotype NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 92 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 93 development development NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 94 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 95 astrovirus astrovirus JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 96 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 97 specific specific JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 98 monoclonal monoclonal JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 99 antibodies antibody NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 100 Detection detection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 101 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 102 genetic genetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 103 differentiation differentiation NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 104 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 105 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 106 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 107 : : : cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 108 Phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 109 grouping grouping NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 110 varies vary VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 111 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 112 coding code VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 113 region region NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 114 Molecular molecular JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 115 epidemiology epidemiology NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 116 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 117 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 118 type type NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 119 1 1 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 120 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 121 Belem Belem NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 122 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 123 Brazil Brazil NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 124 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 125 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 126 an an DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 127 agent agent NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 128 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 129 infantile infantile JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 130 gastroenteritis gastroenteritis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 131 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 132 over over IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 133 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 134 period period NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 135 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 136 18 18 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 137 years year NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 138 Molecular molecular JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 139 epidemiology epidemiology NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 140 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 141 astrovirus astrovirus JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 142 infection infection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 143 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 144 Barcelona Barcelona NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 145 Molecular Molecular NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 146 characterization characterization NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 147 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 148 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 149 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 150 isolated isolate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 151 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 152 Brazil Brazil NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 153 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 154 including include VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 155 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 156 complete complete JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 157 sequences sequence NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 158 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 159 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 160 genotypes genotype NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 161 4 4 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 162 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 163 5 5 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 164 Analysis Analysis NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 165 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 166 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 167 ORF2 ORF2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 168 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 169 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 237 170 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 1 reveals reveal VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 2 lineage lineage NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 3 diversification diversification NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 4 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 5 recombination recombination NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 6 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 7 rearrangement rearrangement NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 8 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 9 provides provide VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 10 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 11 basis basis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 12 for for IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 13 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 14 novel novel JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 15 sub sub NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 16 - - JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 17 classification classification NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 18 system system NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 19 Complete complete JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 20 genome genome NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 21 sequence sequence NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 22 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 23 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 24 highly highly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 25 divergent divergent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 26 astrovirus astrovirus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 27 isolated isolate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 28 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 29 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 30 child child NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 31 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 32 acute acute JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 238 33 diarrhea diarrhea NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 239 1 Novel novel JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 239 2 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 239 3 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 239 4 : : : cord-002561-7j43yic1 239 5 Novel novel JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 239 6 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 239 7 diseases disease NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 239 8 ? ? . cord-002561-7j43yic1 240 1 Seroepidemiology Seroepidemiology NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 240 2 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 240 3 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 240 4 MLB1 MLB1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 240 5 Human Human NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 240 6 stool stool NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 240 7 contains contain VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 240 8 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 240 9 previously previously RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 240 10 unrecognized unrecognized JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 240 11 diversity diversity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 240 12 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 240 13 novel novel NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 240 14 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 240 15 Comparison Comparison NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 240 16 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 240 17 novel novel NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 240 18 MLB MLB NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 240 19 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 240 20 clade clade NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 240 21 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 240 22 VA VA NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 240 23 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 240 24 clade clade NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 240 25 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 240 26 classic classic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 240 27 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 240 28 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 1 highlights highlight NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 2 constrained constrained JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 3 evolution evolution NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 4 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 5 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 6 classic classic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 7 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 8 astrovirus astrovirus JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 9 nonstructural nonstructural JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 10 genes gene NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 11 Prevalence prevalence NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 12 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 13 classic classic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 14 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 15 MLB MLB NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 16 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 17 clade clade NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 18 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 19 VA VA NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 20 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 21 clade clade NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 22 Astroviruses Astroviruses NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 23 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 24 Kenya Kenya NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 25 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 26 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 27 Gambia Gambia NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 28 New New NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 29 astrovirus astrovirus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 30 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 31 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 32 feces fece NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 33 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 34 Burkina Burkina NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 35 Faso Faso NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 36 Identification Identification NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 37 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 38 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 39 novel novel NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 40 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 41 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 42 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 43 VA1 VA1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 45 associated associate VBD cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 46 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 47 an an DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 48 outbreak outbreak NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 49 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 50 acute acute JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 241 51 gastroenteritis gastroenteritis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 242 1 Astrovirus Astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 242 2 VA1 VA1 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 242 3 / / SYM cord-002561-7j43yic1 242 4 HMO HMO NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 242 5 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 242 6 C C NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 242 7 : : : cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 1 An an DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 2 increasingly increasingly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 3 recognized recognize VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 4 neurotropic neurotropic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 5 pathogen pathogen NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 6 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 7 immunocompromised immunocompromised JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 8 patients patient NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 9 Astrovirus Astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 10 VA1 VA1 NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 11 identified identify VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 12 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 13 next next JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 14 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 15 generation generation NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 16 sequencing sequencing NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 17 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 18 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 19 nasopharyngeal nasopharyngeal JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 20 specimen specimen NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 21 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 22 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 23 febrile febrile JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 24 Tanzanian tanzanian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 25 child child NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 26 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 27 acute acute JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 28 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 29 disease disease NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 30 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 31 unknown unknown JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 243 32 etiology etiology NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 1 Serological serological JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 2 studies study NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 3 confirm confirm VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 4 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 5 novel novel NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 6 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 7 HMOAstV HMOAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 8 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 9 C C NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 10 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 11 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 12 highly highly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 13 prevalent prevalent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 14 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 15 infectious infectious JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 16 agent agent NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 17 A a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 18 novel novel JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 19 astrovirus astrovirus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 20 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 21 like like JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 22 RNA RNA NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 23 virus virus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 24 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 25 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 26 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 27 stool stool NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 28 Detection detection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 29 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 30 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 31 mammalian mammalian NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 32 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 33 like like JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 34 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 35 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 36 bird bird NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 37 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 38 European european JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 39 roller roller NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 41 Coracias Coracias NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 42 garrulus garrulus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 244 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 245 1 Detection detection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 245 2 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 245 3 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 245 4 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 245 5 feces fece NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 245 6 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 245 7 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 245 8 cat cat NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 245 9 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 245 10 diarrhea diarrhea NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 246 1 Evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 246 2 relationships relationship NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 246 3 among among IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 246 4 Characterization characterization NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 246 5 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 246 6 an an DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 246 7 outbreak outbreak NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 246 8 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 246 9 astroviral astroviral JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 246 10 diarrhea diarrhea NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 246 11 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 246 12 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 246 13 group group NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 246 14 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 246 15 cheetahs cheetah NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 246 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 246 17 Acinonyx Acinonyx NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 246 18 jubatus jubatus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 246 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 1 Enteric enteric JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 2 disease disease NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 3 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 4 dogs dog NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 5 naturally naturally RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 6 infected infect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 7 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 8 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 9 novel novel JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 10 canine canine NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 11 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 12 Astrovirus Astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 13 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 14 like like JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 15 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 16 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 17 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 18 like like JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 19 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 20 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 21 parvovirus parvovirus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 22 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 23 like like JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 24 particles particle NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 25 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 26 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 27 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 28 diarrheal diarrheal JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 29 stools stool NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 30 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 31 beagle beagle NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 32 pups pup NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 33 Detection Detection NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 34 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 35 electron electron NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 36 microscopy microscopy NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 37 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 38 caliciviruses caliciviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 39 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 40 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 41 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 42 rotavirus rotavirus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 43 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 44 like like JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 45 particles particle NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 46 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 47 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 48 faeces faece NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 49 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 50 piglets piglet NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 51 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 52 diarrhoea diarrhoea NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 53 Multiple multiple JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 54 novel novel NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 55 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 56 prevalent prevalent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 57 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 58 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 59 pigs pig NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 60 Complete complete JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 61 genome genome NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 62 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 63 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 64 novel novel JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 65 porcine porcine NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 66 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 67 Complete complete JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 68 genome genome NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 69 sequence sequence NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 70 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 71 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 72 newly newly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 73 identified identify VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 74 porcine porcine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 75 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 76 genotype genotype NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 77 3 3 CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 78 strain strain VBP cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 79 US US NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 80 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 81 MO123 mo123 NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 82 Identification identification NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 83 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 84 characterization characterization NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 85 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 86 novel novel JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 87 porcine porcine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 88 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 89 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 90 PAstVs pastvs NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 91 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 92 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 93 high high JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 94 prevalence prevalence NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 95 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 96 frequent frequent JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 97 co co NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 98 - - NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 99 infection infection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 100 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 101 individual individual JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 102 pigs pig NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 103 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 104 multiple multiple JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 105 PAstV PAstV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 106 types type NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 107 Genomic genomic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 108 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 109 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 110 two two CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 111 ORF2 ORF2 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 112 segments segment NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 113 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 114 new new JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 115 porcine porcine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 116 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 117 isolates isolate NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 118 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 119 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 120 close close JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 121 relationship relationship NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 122 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 123 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 124 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 125 Astrovirus Astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 126 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 127 wild wild JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 247 128 boars boar NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 2 Sus Sus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 3 scrofa scrofa NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 5 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 6 Hungary Hungary NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 7 Detection Detection NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 8 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 9 diverse diverse JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 10 novel novel JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 11 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 12 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 13 small small JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 14 mammals mammal NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 15 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 16 China China NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 17 Identification Identification NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 18 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 19 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 20 novel novel JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 21 astrovirus astrovirus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 22 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 23 domestic domestic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 24 sheep sheep NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 25 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 26 Hungary Hungary NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 27 Isolation Isolation NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 28 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 29 small small JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 30 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 31 resembling resemble VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 32 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 33 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 34 caliciviruses caliciviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 35 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 36 acute acute JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 37 enteritis enteritis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 38 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 39 calves calf NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 40 Exploring explore VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 41 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 42 virome virome NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 43 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 44 cattle cattle NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 45 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 46 non non JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 47 - - JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 48 suppurative suppurative JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 49 encephalitis encephalitis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 50 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 51 unknown unknown JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 52 etiology etiology NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 53 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 54 metagenomics metagenomic NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 55 Bouzalas Bouzalas NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 56 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 57 I. I. NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 58 Identification identification NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 59 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 60 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 61 second second JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 62 encephalitis encephalitis RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 63 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 64 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 65 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 66 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 67 cattle cattle NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 68 Detection Detection NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 69 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 70 Astrovirus Astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 71 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 72 Historical historical JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 73 Cases case NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 74 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 75 European european JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 76 Sporadic sporadic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 77 Bovine Bovine NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 78 Encephalitis Encephalitis NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 79 Phylogenetic Phylogenetic NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 80 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 81 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 82 bovine bovine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 83 astrovirus astrovirus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 84 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 85 Korean korean JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 86 cattle cattle NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 87 Molecular molecular JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 88 epidemiology epidemiology NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 89 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 90 phylogenetic phylogenetic NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 91 analysis analysis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 92 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 93 diverse diverse JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 94 bovine bovine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 95 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 96 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 97 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 98 diarrhea diarrhea NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 99 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 100 cattle cattle NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 101 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 102 water water NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 103 buffalo buffalo NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 104 calves calf NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 105 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 106 China China NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 107 Serotypes Serotypes NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 108 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 109 bovine bovine JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 110 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 111 Identification identification NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 112 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 113 characterization characterization NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 114 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 115 deer deer NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 116 astroviruses astroviruses NNPS cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 117 Identification Identification NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 118 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 119 an an DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 120 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 121 commonly commonly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 122 infecting infect VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 123 laboratory laboratory NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 124 mice mouse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 125 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 126 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 127 US US NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 128 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 129 Japan Japan NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 130 Adaptive adaptive JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 131 immunity immunity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 132 restricts restrict VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 133 replication replication NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 134 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 135 novel novel JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 136 murine murine NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 248 137 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 1 Astrovirus Astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 2 epidemiologically epidemiologically RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 3 linked link VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 4 to to IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 5 pre pre VB cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 6 - - JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 7 weaning weaning JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 8 diarrhoea diarrhoea NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 9 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 10 mink mink JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 11 Novel Novel NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 12 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 13 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 14 insectivorous insectivorous JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 15 bats bat NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 16 Detection Detection NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 17 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 18 diverse diverse JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 19 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 20 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 21 bats bat NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 22 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 23 China China NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 24 Isolation Isolation NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 25 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 26 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 27 characterization characterization NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 28 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 29 bat bat NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 30 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 31 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 32 southern southern JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 33 China China NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 34 Bat Bat NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 249 35 guano guano NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 250 1 virome virome NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 250 2 : : : cord-002561-7j43yic1 251 1 Predominance predominance NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 251 2 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 251 3 dietary dietary JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 251 4 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 251 5 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 251 6 insects insect NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 251 7 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 251 8 plants plant NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 251 9 plus plus CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 251 10 novel novel JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 251 11 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 251 12 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 252 1 Amplification amplification NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 252 2 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 252 3 emerging emerge VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 252 4 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 252 5 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 252 6 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 252 7 bat bat NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 252 8 colony colony NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 252 9 Novel novel JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 252 10 European european JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 252 11 lineages lineage NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 252 12 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 252 13 bat bat NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 252 14 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 252 15 identified identify VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 252 16 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 252 17 Hungary Hungary NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 252 18 Detection Detection NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 252 19 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 252 20 diverse diverse JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 252 21 novel novel JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 252 22 bat bat NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 252 23 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 252 24 sequences sequence NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 252 25 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 252 26 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 252 27 Czech Czech NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 252 28 Republic Republic NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 252 29 . . . cord-002561-7j43yic1 253 1 Vector Vector NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 253 2 Borne Borne NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 253 3 Zoonotic Zoonotic NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 253 4 Dis Dis NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 253 5 Astrovirus Astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 253 6 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 253 7 like like JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 253 8 particles particle NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 253 9 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 253 10 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 253 11 hepatitis hepatitis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 253 12 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 253 13 ducklings duckling NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 253 14 Molecular molecular JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 253 15 characterization characterization NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 253 16 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 253 17 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 253 18 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 254 1 A a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 254 2 novel novel JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 254 3 group group NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 254 4 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 254 5 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 254 6 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 254 7 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 254 8 wild wild JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 254 9 aquatic aquatic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 254 10 birds bird NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 254 11 Astroviruses Astroviruses NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 254 12 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 254 13 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 254 14 stunting stunt VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 254 15 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 254 16 pre pre JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 254 17 - - JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 254 18 hatching hatching JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 254 19 mortality mortality NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 254 20 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 254 21 duck duck NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 254 22 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 254 23 goose goose NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 254 24 embryos embryo NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 1 A a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 2 seroprevalence seroprevalence NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 3 investigation investigation NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 4 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 5 chicken chicken NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 6 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 7 infections infection NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 8 Determination determination NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 9 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 10 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 11 full full JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 12 length length NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 13 sequence sequence NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 14 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 15 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 16 chicken chicken NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 17 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 18 suggests suggest VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 19 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 20 different different JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 21 replication replication NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 22 mechanism mechanism NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 23 Complete complete JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 24 sequence sequence NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 25 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 26 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 27 novel novel JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 28 duck duck NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 29 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 30 Detection Detection NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 31 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 32 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 33 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 34 turkey turkey NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 35 faeces faece NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 36 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 37 direct direct JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 38 electron electron NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 39 microscopy microscopy NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 40 Induction induction NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 41 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 42 functional functional JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 43 defects defect NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 44 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 45 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 46 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 47 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 48 poult poult NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 49 enteritis enteritis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 50 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 51 mortality mortality NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 52 syndrome syndrome NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 53 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 54 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 55 turkey turkey NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 56 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 57 Astrovirus Astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 58 : : : cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 59 A a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 60 cause cause NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 61 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 62 an an DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 63 enteric enteric JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 64 disease disease NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 65 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 66 turkey turkey NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 67 poults poult NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 68 Molecular molecular JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 69 characterization characterization NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 70 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 71 an an DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 72 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 73 astrovirus astrovirus JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 74 Enteric enteric JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 75 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 76 detected detect VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 77 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 78 molecular molecular JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 79 methods method NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 80 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 81 commercial commercial JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 82 chicken chicken NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 83 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 84 turkey turkey NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 85 flocks flock NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 86 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 87 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 88 United United NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 89 States States NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 90 between between IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 91 Co co NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 92 - - NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 93 circulation circulation NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 94 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 95 distinct distinct JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 96 genetic genetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 97 lineages lineage NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 98 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 99 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 100 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 101 turkeys turkey NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 102 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 103 guinea guinea NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 255 104 fowl fowl NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 1 The the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 2 isolation isolation NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 3 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 4 characterisation characterisation NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 5 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 6 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 7 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 8 chickens chicken NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 9 Nearly nearly RB cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 10 full full JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 11 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 12 length length NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 13 genome genome NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 14 sequence sequence NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 15 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 16 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 17 novel novel NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 18 astrovirus astrovirus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 19 isolated isolate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 20 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 21 chickens chicken NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 22 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 23 ' ' `` cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 24 white white JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 25 chicks chick NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 26 ' ' POS cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 27 condition condition NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 28 Characterization characterization NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 29 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 30 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 31 picornavirus picornavirus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 32 isolated isolate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 33 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 34 broiler broiler NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 35 chicks chick NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 36 Avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 37 nephritis nephritis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 38 virus virus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 39 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 40 ANV ANV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 42 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 43 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 44 new new JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 45 member member NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 46 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 47 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 48 family family NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 49 Astroviridae Astroviridae NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 50 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 51 construction construction NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 52 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 53 infectious infectious JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 54 ANV ANV NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 55 cDNA cdna NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 56 Isolation isolation NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 57 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 58 characterisation characterisation NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 59 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 60 cytopathic cytopathic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 61 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 62 enteroviruses enterovirus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 63 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 64 broiler broiler NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 65 chicks chick NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 66 Detection detection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 67 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 68 characterization characterization NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 69 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 70 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 71 new new JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 72 astrovirus astrovirus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 73 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 74 chicken chicken NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 75 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 76 turkeys turkey NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 77 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 78 enteric enteric JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 79 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 80 locomotion locomotion NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 81 disorders disorder NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 82 Detection Detection NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 83 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 84 astrovirus astrovirus JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 85 infection infection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 86 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 87 pigeons pigeon NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 88 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 89 Columbia Columbia NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 90 livia livia NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 91 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 92 during during IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 93 an an DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 94 outbreak outbreak NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 95 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 96 diarrhoea diarrhoea NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 97 Complete complete JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 98 sequence sequence NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 99 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 100 genetic genetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 101 characterization characterization NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 102 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 103 pigeon pigeon NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 104 avian avian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 105 nephritis nephritis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 106 virus virus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 107 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 108 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 109 member member NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 110 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 111 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 112 family family NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 113 Astroviridae Astroviridae NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 114 Complete complete JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 115 sequence sequence NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 116 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 117 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 118 duck duck NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 119 astrovirus astrovirus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 120 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 121 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 122 fatal fatal JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 123 hepatitis hepatitis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 124 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 256 125 ducklings duckling NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 1 In in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 2 Vitro vitro JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 3 isolation isolation NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 4 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 5 propagation propagation NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 6 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 7 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 8 characterization characterization NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 9 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 10 duck duck NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 11 hepatitis hepatitis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 12 virus virus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 13 type type NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 14 III iii CD cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 15 Genetic genetic JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 16 characterization characterization NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 17 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 18 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 19 novel novel JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 20 astrovirus astrovirus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 21 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 22 Pekin Pekin NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 23 ducks duck NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 24 Isolation isolation NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 25 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 26 detection detection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 27 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 28 duck duck NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 29 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 30 CPH CPH NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 257 31 : : : cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 1 Implications implication NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 2 for for IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 3 epidemiology epidemiology NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 4 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 5 pathogenicity pathogenicity NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 6 Novel novel JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 7 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 8 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 9 astrovirus astrovirus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 10 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 11 Delaware Delaware NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 12 Bay Bay NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 13 shorebirds shorebirds NNPS cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 14 Detection Detection NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 15 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 16 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 17 novel novel JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 18 astrovirus astrovirus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 19 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 20 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 21 black black JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 22 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 23 naped naped JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 24 monarch monarch NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 26 Hypothymis Hypothymis NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 27 azurea azurea NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 29 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 30 Cambodia Cambodia NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 31 Screening Screening NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 32 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 33 feral feral JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 34 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 35 wood wood NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 36 pigeons pigeon NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 37 for for IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 38 viruses virus NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 39 harbouring harbour VBG cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 40 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 41 conserved conserved JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 42 mobile mobile JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 43 viral viral JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 44 element element NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 45 : : : cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 46 Characterization characterization NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 47 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 48 novel novel JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 49 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 50 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 51 picornaviruses picornaviruse VBZ cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 52 Ecological ecological JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 53 drivers driver NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 54 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 55 virus virus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 56 evolution evolution NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 57 : : : cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 58 Astrovirus Astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 59 as as IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 60 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 61 case case NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 62 study study NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 63 Detection detection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 64 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 65 characterization characterization NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 66 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 67 avastrovirus avastrovirus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 68 associated associate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 69 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 70 diarrhea diarrhea NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 71 isolated isolate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 72 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 73 minks mink NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 74 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 75 China China NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 76 Detection Detection NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 77 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 78 antibodies antibody NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 79 against against IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 80 turkey turkey NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 81 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 82 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 83 humans human NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 84 Removal Removal NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 85 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 86 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 87 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 88 water water NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 89 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 90 sewage sewage NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 91 treatment treatment NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 92 plants plant NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 93 , , , cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 94 evaluated evaluate VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 95 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 96 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 97 competitive competitive JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 98 reverse reverse NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 99 transcription transcription NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 100 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 101 PCR PCR NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 102 High high JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 103 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 104 rate rate NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 105 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 106 human human NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 107 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 108 Nationwide Nationwide NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 109 surveillance surveillance NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 110 study study NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 111 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 112 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 113 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 114 infections infection NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 115 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 116 an an DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 117 Italian italian JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 118 paediatric paediatric JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 119 population population NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 120 Detection detection NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 121 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 122 all all DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 123 serotypes serotype NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 124 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 125 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 126 astrovirus astrovirus NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 127 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 128 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 129 polymerase polymerase NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 130 chain chain NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 131 reaction reaction NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 132 Evidence evidence NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 133 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 134 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 135 recombinant recombinant JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 136 wild wild JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 137 - - HYPH cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 138 type type NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 139 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 140 astrovirus astrovirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 141 strain strain NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 142 from from IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 143 a a DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 144 Kenyan kenyan JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 145 child child NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 146 with with IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 147 gastroenteritis gastroenteritis NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 148 Lineage lineage NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 149 diversification diversification NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 150 and and CC cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 151 recombination recombination NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 152 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 153 type-4 type-4 NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 154 human human JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 155 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 156 Novel Novel NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 157 astroviruses astroviruse NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 158 in in IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 159 children child NNS cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 160 Uniformity Uniformity NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 161 of of IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 162 rotavirus rotavirus JJ cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 163 strain strain NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 164 nomenclature nomenclature NN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 165 proposed propose VBN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 166 by by IN cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 167 the the DT cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 168 Rotavirus Rotavirus NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 169 Classification Classification NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 170 Working Working NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 171 Group Group NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 172 ( ( -LRB- cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 173 RCWG RCWG NNP cord-002561-7j43yic1 258 174 ) ) -RRB-