id sid tid token lemma pos cord-271972-qhr6iir6 1 1 key key JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 2 1 : : : cord-271972-qhr6iir6 2 2 cord-271972-qhr6iir6 cord-271972-qhr6iir6 NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 2 3 authors author NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 2 4 : : : cord-271972-qhr6iir6 2 5 Gaglia Gaglia NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 2 6 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 2 7 Marta Marta NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 2 8 Maria Maria NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 2 9 ; ; : cord-271972-qhr6iir6 2 10 Glaunsinger Glaunsinger NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 2 11 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 2 12 Britt Britt NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 2 13 A. a. NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 2 14 title title NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 2 15 : : : cord-271972-qhr6iir6 2 16 Viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 2 17 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 2 18 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 2 19 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 2 20 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 2 21 decay decay NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 2 22 machinery machinery NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 2 23 date date NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 2 24 : : : cord-271972-qhr6iir6 3 1 2010 2010 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 3 2 - - SYM cord-271972-qhr6iir6 3 3 05 05 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 3 4 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 3 5 06 06 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 3 6 journal journal NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 3 7 : : : cord-271972-qhr6iir6 4 1 Wiley Wiley NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 4 2 Interdiscip Interdiscip NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 4 3 Rev Rev NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 4 4 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 4 5 DOI DOI NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 4 6 : : : cord-271972-qhr6iir6 5 1 10.1002 10.1002 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 5 2 / / SYM cord-271972-qhr6iir6 5 3 wrna.3 wrna.3 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 5 4 sha sha NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 5 5 : : : cord-271972-qhr6iir6 5 6 3a0f299c427b6bc9ad7be9dc0aa9d5a12ec7880e 3a0f299c427b6bc9ad7be9dc0aa9d5a12ec7880e CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 5 7 doc_id doc_id CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 5 8 : : : cord-271972-qhr6iir6 5 9 271972 271972 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 5 10 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 5 11 : : : cord-271972-qhr6iir6 5 12 qhr6iir6 qhr6iir6 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 2 ability ability NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 3 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 4 control control VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 5 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 6 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 7 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 8 gene gene NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 9 expression expression NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 10 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 11 either either CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 12 globally globally RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 13 or or CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 14 selectively selectively RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 15 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 16 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 17 central central JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 18 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 19 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 20 successful successful JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 21 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 22 infection infection NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 23 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 24 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 25 it -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 26 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 27 also also RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 28 crucial crucial JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 29 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 30 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 31 host host NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 32 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 33 respond respond VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 34 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 35 eradicate eradicate VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 36 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 6 37 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 1 In in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 2 eukaryotes eukaryote NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 3 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 4 regulation regulation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 5 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 6 message message NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 7 stability stability NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 8 contributes contribute VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 9 significantly significantly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 10 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 11 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 12 control control NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 13 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 14 gene gene NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 15 expression expression NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 16 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 17 plays play VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 18 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 19 prominent prominent JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 20 role role NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 21 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 22 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 23 normal normal JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 24 physiology physiology NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 25 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 26 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 27 cell cell NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 28 as as RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 29 well well RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 30 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 31 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 32 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 33 response response NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 34 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 35 environmental environmental JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 36 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 37 pathogenic pathogenic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 38 stresses stress NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 7 39 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 8 1 Not not RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 8 2 surprisingly surprisingly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 8 3 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 8 4 emerging emerge VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 8 5 evidence evidence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 8 6 indicates indicate VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 8 7 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 8 8 there there EX cord-271972-qhr6iir6 8 9 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 8 10 significant significant JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 8 11 interactions interaction NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 8 12 between between IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 8 13 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 8 14 eukaryotic eukaryotic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 8 15 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 8 16 turnover turnover NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 8 17 machinery machinery NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 8 18 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 8 19 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 8 20 wide wide JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 8 21 variety variety NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 8 22 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 8 23 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 8 24 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 1 Interestingly interestingly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 3 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 4 many many JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 5 cases case NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 6 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 7 have have VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 8 evolved evolve VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 9 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 10 not not RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 11 only only RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 12 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 13 evade evade VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 14 eradication eradication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 15 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 16 these these DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 17 pathways pathway NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 18 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 19 but but CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 20 also also RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 21 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 22 manipulate manipulate VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 23 them -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 24 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 25 enhanced enhance VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 26 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 27 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 28 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 29 gene gene NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 30 expression expression NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 9 31 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 1 Given give VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 2 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 3 incomplete incomplete JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 4 understanding understanding NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 5 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 6 how how WRB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 7 many many JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 8 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 9 these these DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 10 pathways pathway NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 11 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 12 normally normally RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 13 regulated regulate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 14 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 15 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 16 should should MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 17 be be VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 18 powerful powerful JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 19 tools tool NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 20 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 21 help help VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 22 deconstruct deconstruct VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 23 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 24 complex complex JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 25 networks network NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 26 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 27 events event NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 28 governing govern VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 29 eukaryotic eukaryotic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 30 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 31 stability stability NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 10 32 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 11 1 Copyright copyright NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 11 2 © © NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 11 3 2010 2010 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 11 4 John John NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 11 5 Wiley Wiley NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 11 6 & & CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 11 7 Sons Sons NNPS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 11 8 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 11 9 Ltd. Ltd. NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 11 10 1 1 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 11 11 .. .. . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 12 1 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 12 2 Turnover Turnover NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 12 3 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 12 4 Surveillance surveillance NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 13 1 > > XX cord-271972-qhr6iir6 14 1 Turnover turnover NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 14 2 / / SYM cord-271972-qhr6iir6 14 3 Surveillance Surveillance NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 14 4 Mechanisms Mechanisms NNPS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 14 5 ; ; : cord-271972-qhr6iir6 15 1 2 2 LS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 15 2 .. .. NFP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 15 3 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 15 4 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 15 5 Disease Disease NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 15 6 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 15 7 Development Development NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 16 1 > > XX cord-271972-qhr6iir6 17 1 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 17 2 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 17 3 Disease Disease NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 17 4 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 1 T T NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 2 he -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 3 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 4 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 5 host host NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 6 interaction interaction NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 7 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 8 akin akin JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 9 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 10 an an DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 11 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 12 arms arm NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 13 race race NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 14 ; ; : cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 15 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 16 continually continually RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 17 evolve evolve VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 18 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 19 finetune finetune VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 20 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 21 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 22 exploit exploit VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 23 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 24 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 25 machinery machinery NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 26 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 27 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 28 own own JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 29 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 30 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 31 while while IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 32 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 33 host host NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 34 counter counter NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 35 - - NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 36 attacks attack NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 37 using use VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 38 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 39 multitude multitude NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 40 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 41 strategies strategy NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 42 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 43 detect detect VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 44 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 45 destroy destroy VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 46 foreign foreign JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 47 invaders invader NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 18 48 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 19 1 Many many JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 19 2 such such JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 19 3 ' ' `` cord-271972-qhr6iir6 19 4 molecular molecular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 19 5 battles battle NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 19 6 ' ' POS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 19 7 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 19 8 waged wage VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 19 9 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 19 10 control control VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 19 11 gene gene NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 19 12 expression expression NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 19 13 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 19 14 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 19 15 commandeering commandeer VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 19 16 this this DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 19 17 machinery machinery NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 19 18 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 19 19 crucial crucial JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 19 20 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 19 21 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 19 22 success success NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 19 23 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 19 24 all all DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 19 25 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 19 26 infections infection NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 19 27 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 1 Given give VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 2 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 3 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 4 regulation regulation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 5 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 6 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 7 gene gene NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 8 expression expression NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 9 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 10 orchestrated orchestrate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 11 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 12 large large JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 13 measure measure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 14 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 15 changes change NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 16 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 17 messenger messenger NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 18 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 20 mRNA mrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 22 stability stability NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 23 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 24 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 25 must must MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 26 interface interface VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 27 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 28 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 29 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 30 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 31 decay decay NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 32 pathways pathway NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 33 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 34 control control VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 35 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 36 levels level NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 37 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 38 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 39 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 40 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 41 RNAs rna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 20 42 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 21 1 In in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 21 2 addition addition NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 21 3 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 21 4 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 21 5 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 21 6 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 21 7 destruction destruction NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 21 8 machinery machinery NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 21 9 likely likely RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 21 10 represents represent VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 21 11 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 21 12 formidable formidable JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 21 13 obstacle obstacle NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 21 14 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 21 15 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 21 16 genomic genomic NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 21 17 and/or and/or CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 21 18 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 21 19 accumulation accumulation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 21 20 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 21 21 integrity integrity NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 21 22 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 3 while while IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 4 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 5 RNAs rna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 6 can can MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 7 be be VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 8 targeted target VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 9 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 10 turnover turnover NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 11 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 12 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 13 host host NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 14 machinery machinery NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 15 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 16 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 17 many many JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 18 cases case NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 19 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 20 have have VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 21 evolved evolve VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 22 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 23 circumvent circumvent VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 24 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 25 even even RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 26 subvert subvert VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 27 these these DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 28 pathways pathway NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 29 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 30 facilitate facilitate VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 31 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 32 own own JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 33 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 22 34 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 23 1 This this DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 23 2 review review NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 23 3 will will MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 23 4 highlight highlight VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 23 5 both both PDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 23 6 these these DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 23 7 themes theme NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 23 8 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 23 9 relation relation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 23 10 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 23 11 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 23 12 variety variety NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 23 13 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 23 14 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 23 15 regulators regulator NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 23 16 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 23 17 effectors effector NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 23 18 controlling control VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 23 19 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 23 20 ultimate ultimate JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 23 21 fate fate NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 23 22 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 23 23 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 23 24 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 23 25 an an DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 23 26 infected infected JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 23 27 cell cell NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 23 28 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 2 will will MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 3 focus focus VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 4 on on IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 5 how how WRB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 6 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 7 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 8 influenced influence VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 9 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 10 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 11 basal basal NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 12 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 13 decay decay NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 14 machinery machinery NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 15 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 16 DEADENYLATION DEADENYLATION NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 17 Cellular Cellular NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 18 mRNAs mRNAs NNPS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 19 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 20 protected protect VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 21 at at IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 22 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 23 termini terminus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 24 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 25 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 26 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 27 7-methylguanosine 7-methylguanosine CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 28 cap cap NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 29 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 30 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 31 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 32 nontemplated nontemplate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 33 poly(A poly(A NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 35 tail tail NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 36 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 37 which which WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 38 facilitate facilitate VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 39 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 40 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 41 restrict restrict VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 42 access access NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 43 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 44 exonucleases exonuclease NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 24 45 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 25 1 Within within IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 25 2 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 25 3 nucleus nucleus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 25 4 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 25 5 deadenylases deadenylases NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 25 6 trim trim VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 25 7 poly(A poly(a NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 25 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 26 1 tails tail NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 26 2 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 26 3 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 26 4 export export NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 26 5 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 26 6 participate participate VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 26 7 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 26 8 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 26 9 destruction destruction NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 26 10 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 26 11 non non JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 26 12 - - JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 26 13 coding coding JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 26 14 or or CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 26 15 aberrant aberrant JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 26 16 transcripts transcript NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 26 17 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 27 1 1 1 LS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 28 1 In in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 28 2 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 28 3 cytoplasm cytoplasm NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 28 4 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 28 5 poly(A poly(a JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 28 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 1 tail tail NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 2 removal removal NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 3 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 4 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 5 first first JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 6 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 7 often often RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 8 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 9 rate rate NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 10 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 11 limiting limit VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 12 step step NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 13 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 14 general general NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 15 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 16 turnover turnover NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 17 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 18 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 19 usually usually RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 20 required require VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 21 both both CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 22 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 23 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 24 decapping decapping NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 25 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 26 degradation degradation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 27 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 28 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 29 message message NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 30 body body NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 31 2 2 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 33 Figure figure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 34 1 1 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 29 36 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 30 1 Several several JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 30 2 deadenylase deadenylase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 30 3 complexes complex NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 30 4 have have VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 30 5 been be VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 30 6 identified identify VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 30 7 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 30 8 including include VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 30 9 Ccr4-Caf1-Not1 Ccr4-Caf1-Not1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 30 10 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 30 11 PAN2-PAN3 PAN2-PAN3 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 30 12 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 30 13 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 30 14 PARN PARN NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 30 15 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 31 1 3 3 LS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 32 1 While while IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 32 2 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 32 3 date date NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 32 4 no no DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 32 5 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 32 6 have have VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 32 7 been be VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 32 8 shown show VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 32 9 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 32 10 directly directly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 32 11 interfere interfere VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 32 12 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 32 13 specific specific JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 32 14 deadenylases deadenylase NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 32 15 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 32 16 several several JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 32 17 examples example NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 32 18 exist exist VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 32 19 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 32 20 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 32 21 RNAs rna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 32 22 evading evade VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 32 23 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 32 24 general general JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 32 25 deadenylation deadenylation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 32 26 process process NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 32 27 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 1 Alphaviruses Alphaviruses NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 2 such such JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 3 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 4 Sindbis Sindbis NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 5 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 7 SINV SINV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 9 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 10 Venezuelan venezuelan JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 11 equine equine NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 12 encephalitis encephalitis NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 13 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 15 VEEV VEEV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 17 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 18 positive positive JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 19 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 20 sense sense NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 21 single single JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 22 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 23 stranded strand VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 24 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 25 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 27 + + JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 29 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 30 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 31 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 32 whose whose WP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 33 genomic genomic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 34 RNAs rna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 35 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 36 both both DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 37 capped cap VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 38 FIGURE figure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 39 1 1 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 40 | | NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 41 Basal Basal NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 42 pathways pathway NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 43 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 44 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 45 mRNA mrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 46 decay decay NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 33 47 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 34 1 Degradation degradation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 34 2 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 34 3 normal normal JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 34 4 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 34 5 mRNA mrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 34 6 initiates initiate VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 34 7 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 34 8 removal removal NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 34 9 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 34 10 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 34 11 poly(A poly(a JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 34 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 34 13 tail tail NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 34 14 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 34 15 one one CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 34 16 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 34 17 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 34 18 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 34 19 deadenylases deadenylase NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 34 20 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 1 Subsequently subsequently RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 3 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 4 Lsm1 Lsm1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 5 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 6 7 7 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 7 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 8 complex complex NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 9 binds bind VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 10 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 11 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 12 untranslated untranslated JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 13 region region NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 15 UTR UTR NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 17 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 18 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 19 deadenylated deadenylate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 20 messages message NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 21 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 22 stimulates stimulate VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 23 decapping decapping NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 24 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 25 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 26 Dcp2 Dcp2 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 27 enzyme enzyme NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 28 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 29 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 30 activator activator NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 31 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 32 Dcp1 Dcp1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 35 33 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 36 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 36 2 message message NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 36 3 body body NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 36 4 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 36 5 subject subject JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 36 6 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 36 7 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 36 8 →5 →5 JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 36 9 exonucleolytic exonucleolytic VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 36 10 decay decay NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 36 11 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 36 12 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 36 13 exosome exosome NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 36 14 or or CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 37 1 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 37 2 →3 →3 NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 37 3 decay decay VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 37 4 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 37 5 Xrn1 Xrn1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 37 6 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 38 1 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 38 2 polyadenylated polyadenylate VBD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 38 3 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 38 4 resembling resemble VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 38 5 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 38 6 mRNAs mrna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 38 7 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 39 1 Consequently consequently RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 39 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 39 3 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 39 4 avoid avoid VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 39 5 degradation degradation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 39 6 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 39 7 SINV SINV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 39 8 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 39 9 VEEV VEEV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 39 10 RNAs rna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 39 11 have have VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 39 12 evolved evolve VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 39 13 sequences sequence NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 39 14 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 39 15 can can MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 39 16 stall stall VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 39 17 deadenylation deadenylation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 39 18 4 4 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 39 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 39 20 Figure figure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 39 21 2 2 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 39 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 39 23 a a NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 39 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 39 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 39 26 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 1 A a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 2 combination combination NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 3 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 4 conserved conserved JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 5 sequences sequence NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 6 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 7 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 8 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 9 untranslated untranslated JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 10 region region NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 12 UTR UTR NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 14 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 15 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 16 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 17 genomes genome NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 18 act act VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 19 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 20 cis cis NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 21 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 22 repress repress VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 23 deadenylation deadenylation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 24 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 25 mosquito mosquito NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 26 cell cell NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 27 extracts extract NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 28 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 29 presumably presumably RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 30 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 31 mediating mediate VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 32 interaction interaction NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 33 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 34 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 35 protective protective JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 36 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 37 factor factor NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 40 38 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 41 1 4 4 LS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 1 A a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 2 38-kDa 38-kda CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 3 mosquito mosquito NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 4 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 5 binds bind VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 6 both both CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 7 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 8 SINV SINV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 9 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 10 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 11 VEEV VEEV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 12 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 13 UTRs utr NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 14 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 15 can can MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 16 be be VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 17 specifically specifically RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 18 titrated titrate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 19 away away RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 20 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 21 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 22 presence presence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 23 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 24 excess excess JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 25 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 26 UTR UTR NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 27 sequences sequence NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 28 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 29 leading lead VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 30 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 31 decreased decrease VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 32 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 33 RNA rna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 34 stability stability NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 42 35 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 43 1 Interestingly interestingly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 43 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 43 3 removal removal NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 43 4 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 43 5 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 43 6 38-kDa 38-kda CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 43 7 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 43 8 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 43 9 SINV SINV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 43 10 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 43 11 leads lead VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 43 12 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 43 13 increased increase VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 43 14 binding binding NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 43 15 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 43 16 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 43 17 32-kDa 32-kda CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 43 18 mosquito mosquito NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 43 19 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 43 20 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 44 1 This this DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 44 2 suggests suggest VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 44 3 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 44 4 mechanism mechanism NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 44 5 whereby whereby WRB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 44 6 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 44 7 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 44 8 UTRs utr NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 44 9 may may MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 44 10 be be VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 44 11 stabilized stabilize VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 44 12 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 44 13 displacing displace VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 44 14 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 44 15 deadenylation deadenylation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 44 16 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 44 17 promoting promote VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 44 18 factor factor NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 44 19 via via IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 44 20 preferential preferential JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 44 21 binding binding NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 44 22 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 44 23 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 44 24 protective protective JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 44 25 factor factor NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 44 26 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 45 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 45 2 identity identity NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 45 3 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 45 4 these these DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 45 5 two two CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 45 6 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 45 7 proteins protein NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 45 8 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 45 9 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 45 10 conservation conservation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 45 11 across across IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 45 12 species specie NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 45 13 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 45 14 currently currently RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 45 15 unknown unknown JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 45 16 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 46 1 However however RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 46 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 46 3 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 46 4 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 46 5 future future NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 46 6 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 46 7 characterization characterization NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 46 8 will will MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 46 9 likely likely RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 46 10 provide provide VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 46 11 insight insight NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 46 12 both both DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 46 13 into into IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 46 14 how how WRB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 46 15 both both DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 46 16 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 46 17 mRNA mrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 46 18 deadenylation deadenylation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 46 19 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 46 20 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 46 21 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 46 22 stabilization stabilization NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 46 23 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 46 24 orchestrated orchestrate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 46 25 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 1 A a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 2 second second JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 3 mechanism mechanism NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 4 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 5 protection protection NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 6 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 7 deadenylation deadenylation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 8 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 9 used use VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 10 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 11 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 12 highly highly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 13 abundant abundant JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 14 non non JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 15 - - JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 16 coding coding JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 17 nuclear nuclear JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 18 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 19 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 20 Kaposi Kaposi NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 21 's 's POS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 22 sarcoma sarcoma NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 23 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 24 associated associate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 25 herpesvirus herpesvirus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 27 KSHV KSHV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 29 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 30 termed term VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 31 PAN PAN NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 33 Figure figure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 34 2(a 2(a CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 47 37 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 48 1 PAN PAN NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 48 2 contains contain VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 48 3 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 48 4 79-nt 79-nt CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 48 5 element element NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 48 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 48 7 ENE ENE NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 48 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 48 9 near near IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 48 10 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 48 11 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 48 12 end end NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 48 13 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 48 14 acts act VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 48 15 post post NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 48 16 - - NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 48 17 transcriptionally transcriptionally RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 48 18 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 48 19 stabilize stabilize VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 48 20 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 48 21 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 48 22 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 48 23 promote promote VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 48 24 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 48 25 nuclear nuclear JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 48 26 retention retention NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 48 27 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 49 1 5 5 LS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 50 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 50 2 ENE ENE NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 50 3 forms form VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 50 4 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 50 5 stem stem NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 50 6 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 50 7 loop loop NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 50 8 structure structure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 50 9 containing contain VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 50 10 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 50 11 U u NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 50 12 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 50 13 rich rich JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 50 14 loop loop NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 50 15 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 51 1 This this DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 51 2 loop loop NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 51 3 makes make VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 51 4 intramolecular intramolecular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 51 5 contacts contact NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 51 6 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 51 7 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 51 8 PAN PAN NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 51 9 poly(A poly(A NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 51 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 51 11 tail tail NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 51 12 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 51 13 blocks block VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 51 14 deadenylation deadenylation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 51 15 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 51 16 presumably presumably RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 51 17 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 51 18 part part NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 51 19 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 51 20 preventing prevent VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 51 21 access access NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 51 22 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 51 23 deadenylases deadenylase NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 51 24 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 51 25 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 51 26 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 51 27 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 52 1 6 6 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 1 However however RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 3 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 4 simple simple JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 5 U u NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 6 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 7 rich rich JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 8 stretch stretch NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 9 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 10 not not RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 11 sufficient sufficient JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 12 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 13 recapitulate recapitulate VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 14 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 15 effects effect NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 16 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 17 PAN PAN NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 18 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 19 ENE ENE NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 20 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 21 6 6 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 22 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 23 mutations mutation NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 24 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 25 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 26 stem stem NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 27 region region NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 28 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 29 PAN PAN NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 30 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 31 ENE ENE NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 32 can can MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 33 also also RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 34 abolish abolish VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 35 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 36 function function NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 53 37 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 54 1 7 7 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 55 1 These these DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 55 2 observations observation NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 55 3 suggest suggest VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 55 4 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 55 5 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 55 6 entire entire JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 55 7 structure structure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 55 8 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 55 9 required require VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 55 10 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 55 11 efficient efficient JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 55 12 interaction interaction NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 55 13 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 55 14 potentially potentially RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 55 15 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 55 16 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 55 17 recruitment recruitment NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 55 18 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 55 19 additional additional JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 55 20 protective protective JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 55 21 factors factor NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 55 22 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 56 1 As as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 56 2 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 56 3 function function NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 56 4 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 56 5 PAN PAN NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 56 6 remains remain VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 56 7 unknown unknown JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 56 8 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 56 9 at at IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 56 10 present present JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 56 11 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 56 12 importance importance NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 56 13 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 56 14 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 56 15 PAN PAN NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 56 16 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 56 17 ENE ENE NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 56 18 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 56 19 KSHV KSHV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 56 20 infection infection NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 56 21 can can MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 56 22 not not RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 56 23 be be VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 56 24 assessed assess VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 56 25 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 2 fact fact NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 3 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 4 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 5 decay decay NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 6 kinetics kinetic NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 7 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 8 PAN PAN NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 9 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 10 different different JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 11 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 12 those those DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 13 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 14 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 15 polyadenylated polyadenylated JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 16 RNAs rna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 17 has have VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 18 led lead VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 19 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 20 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 21 speculation speculation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 22 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 23 PAN PAN NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 24 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 25 degradation degradation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 26 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 27 particularly particularly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 28 at at IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 29 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 30 stage stage NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 31 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 32 deadenylation deadenylation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 33 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 34 may may MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 35 be be VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 36 carried carry VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 37 out out RP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 38 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 39 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 40 dedicated dedicated JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 41 nuclear nuclear JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 42 pathway pathway NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 43 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 44 normally normally RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 45 disposes dispose VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 46 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 47 incorrectly incorrectly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 48 processed process VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 49 RNAs rna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 57 50 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 58 1 6 6 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 1 Thus thus RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 3 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 4 study study NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 5 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 6 PAN PAN NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 7 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 8 protection protection NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 9 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 10 nuclear nuclear JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 11 degradation degradation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 12 may may MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 13 provide provide VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 14 information information NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 15 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 16 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 17 how how WRB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 18 polyadenylation polyadenylation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 19 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 20 deadenylation deadenylation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 21 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 22 carried carry VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 23 out out RP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 24 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 25 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 26 nucleus nucleus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 27 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 28 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 29 cells cell NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 30 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 31 how how WRB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 32 they -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 33 contribute contribute VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 34 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 35 nuclear nuclear JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 36 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 37 quality quality NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 38 control control NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 59 39 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 60 1 As as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 60 2 deadenylation deadenylation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 60 3 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 60 4 completed complete VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 60 5 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 60 6 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 60 7 ring ring NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 60 8 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 60 9 shaped shape VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 60 10 heptameric heptameric NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 60 11 complex complex NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 60 12 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 60 13 Sm sm NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 60 14 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 60 15 like like JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 60 16 proteins protein NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 61 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 61 2 Lsm1 Lsm1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 61 3 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 61 4 7 7 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 61 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 61 6 binds bind VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 61 7 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 61 8 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 61 9 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 61 10 end end NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 61 11 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 61 12 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 61 13 message message NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 61 14 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 61 15 recruits recruit VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 61 16 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 61 17 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 61 18 decapping decapping NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 61 19 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 61 20 Dcp1 Dcp1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 61 21 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 61 22 Dcp2 Dcp2 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 61 23 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 61 24 which which WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 61 25 promote promote VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 61 26 cap cap NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 61 27 hydrolysis hydrolysis NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 61 28 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 61 29 8 8 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 61 30 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 62 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 62 2 9 9 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 62 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 62 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 62 5 10 10 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 62 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 63 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 63 2 11 11 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 63 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 63 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 63 5 Figure figure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 63 6 1 1 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 63 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 63 8 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 2 Lsm Lsm NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 3 complex complex NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 4 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 5 highly highly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 6 conserved conserve VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 7 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 8 eukaryotes eukaryote NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 9 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 10 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 11 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 12 yeast yeast NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 13 it -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 14 has have VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 15 been be VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 16 shown show VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 17 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 18 associate associate VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 19 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 20 several several JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 21 additional additional JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 22 components component NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 23 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 24 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 25 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 26 decay decay NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 27 machinery machinery NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 28 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 29 including include VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 30 decapping decappe VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 31 activators activator NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 32 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 33 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 34 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 35 →3 →3 NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 36 exonuclease exonuclease NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 37 Xrn1 Xrn1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 64 38 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 65 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 65 2 10 10 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 65 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 65 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 65 5 11 11 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 65 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 65 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 65 8 12 12 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 65 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 65 10 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 65 11 13 13 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 65 12 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 66 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 66 2 14 14 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 66 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 1 While while IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 2 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 3 role role NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 4 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 5 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 6 Lsm Lsm NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 7 proteins protein NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 8 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 9 eukaryotes eukaryote NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 10 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 11 closely closely RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 12 linked link VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 13 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 14 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 15 degradation degradation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 16 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 17 several several JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 18 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 19 use use VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 20 this this DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 21 complex complex NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 22 instead instead RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 23 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 24 facilitate facilitate VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 25 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 26 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 27 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 28 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 29 surprisingly surprisingly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 30 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 31 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 32 enhance enhance VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 33 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 34 RNA rna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 35 stability stability NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 67 36 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 2 Lsm Lsm NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 3 complex complex NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 4 has have VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 5 been be VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 6 shown show VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 7 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 8 participate participate VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 9 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 10 both both DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 11 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 12 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 13 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 14 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 15 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 16 Brome Brome NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 17 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 18 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 20 BMV BMV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 22 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 23 15 15 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 24 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 25 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 26 16 16 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 27 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 28 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 29 17 17 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 30 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 31 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 32 hepatitis hepatitis NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 33 C C NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 34 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 36 HCV HCV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 38 18 18 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 39 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 40 Figure figure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 41 2(b 2(b CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 68 44 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 1 Like like IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 2 those those DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 3 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 4 all all DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 5 other other JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 7 + + CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 9 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 10 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 11 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 12 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 13 genomes genome NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 14 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 15 BMV BMV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 16 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 17 HCV HCV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 18 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 19 used use VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 20 first first RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 21 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 22 mRNAs mRNAs NNPS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 23 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 24 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 25 production production NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 26 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 27 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 28 subsequently subsequently RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 29 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 30 templates template NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 31 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 32 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 69 33 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 70 1 These these DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 70 2 two two CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 70 3 processes process NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 70 4 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 70 5 considered consider VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 70 6 mutually mutually RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 70 7 exclusive exclusive JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 70 8 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 70 9 often often RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 70 10 require require VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 70 11 different different JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 70 12 cis cis NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 70 13 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 70 14 acting acting NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 70 15 sequences sequence NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 70 16 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 71 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 71 2 genome genome NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 71 3 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 71 4 BMV BMV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 71 5 consists consist VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 71 6 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 71 7 three three CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 71 8 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 71 9 segments segment NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 71 10 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 71 11 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 71 12 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 71 13 capped cap VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 71 14 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 71 15 but but CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 71 16 terminate terminate VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 71 17 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 71 18 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 71 19 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 71 20 tRNA trna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 71 21 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 71 22 like like JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 71 23 structure structure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 71 24 rather rather RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 71 25 than than IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 71 26 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 71 27 poly(A poly(a JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 71 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 71 29 tail tail NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 71 30 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 72 1 Although although IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 72 2 plants plant NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 72 3 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 72 4 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 72 5 natural natural JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 72 6 host host NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 72 7 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 72 8 BMV BMV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 72 9 can can MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 72 10 also also RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 72 11 replicate replicate VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 72 12 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 72 13 yeast yeast NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 72 14 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 72 15 which which WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 72 16 has have VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 72 17 greatly greatly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 72 18 facilitated facilitate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 72 19 genetic genetic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 72 20 dissection dissection NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 72 21 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 72 22 host host NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 72 23 factors factor NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 72 24 involved involve VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 72 25 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 72 26 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 72 27 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 72 28 cycle cycle NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 72 29 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 73 1 A a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 73 2 mutagenesis mutagenesis NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 73 3 screen screen NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 73 4 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 73 5 yeast yeast NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 73 6 identified identify VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 73 7 Lsm1p Lsm1p NNPS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 73 8 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 73 9 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 73 10 host host NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 73 11 factor factor NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 73 12 required require VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 73 13 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 73 14 BMV BMV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 73 15 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 73 16 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 73 17 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 74 1 15 15 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 75 1 Subsequent subsequent JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 75 2 studies study NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 75 3 showed show VBD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 75 4 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 75 5 Lsm1p Lsm1p NNPS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 75 6 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 75 7 together together RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 75 8 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 75 9 other other JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 75 10 components component NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 75 11 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 75 12 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 75 13 Lsm Lsm NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 75 14 complex complex NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 75 15 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 75 16 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 75 17 also also RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 75 18 required require VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 75 19 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 75 20 efficient efficient JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 75 21 BMV BMV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 75 22 genomic genomic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 75 23 RNA rna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 75 24 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 75 25 elongation elongation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 75 26 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 75 27 but but CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 75 28 not not RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 75 29 initiation initiation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 75 30 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 76 1 17 17 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 77 1 While while IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 77 2 Lsm Lsm NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 77 3 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 77 4 stimulated stimulate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 77 5 BMV BMV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 77 6 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 77 7 requires require VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 77 8 multiple multiple JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 77 9 regions region NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 77 10 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 77 11 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 77 12 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 77 13 RNAs rna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 77 14 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 77 15 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 77 16 effect effect NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 77 17 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 77 18 Lsm Lsm NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 77 19 on on IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 77 20 BMV BMV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 77 21 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 77 22 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 77 23 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 77 24 specifically specifically RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 77 25 dependent dependent JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 77 26 on on IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 77 27 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 77 28 UTR UTR NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 77 29 elements element NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 77 30 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 78 1 16 16 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 78 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 78 3 17 17 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 79 1 Thus thus RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 79 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 79 3 partially partially RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 79 4 overlapping overlap VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 79 5 signals signal NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 79 6 appear appear VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 79 7 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 79 8 participate participate VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 79 9 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 79 10 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 79 11 seemingly seemingly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 79 12 opposing opposing JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 79 13 activities activity NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 79 14 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 79 15 translational translational JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 79 16 enhancement enhancement NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 79 17 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 79 18 redirection redirection NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 79 19 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 79 20 RNAs rna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 79 21 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 79 22 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 79 23 translational translational JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 79 24 pool pool NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 79 25 into into IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 79 26 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 79 27 complexes complex NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 79 28 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 1 Notably notably RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 3 Lsm Lsm NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 4 proteins protein NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 5 do do VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 6 not not RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 7 regulate regulate VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 8 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 9 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 10 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 11 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 12 BMV BMV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 13 coat coat NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 14 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 15 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 16 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 17 fourth fourth JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 18 subgenomic subgenomic NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 19 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 20 segment segment NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 21 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 22 RNA4 RNA4 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 23 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 24 which which WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 25 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 26 generated generate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 27 during during IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 28 BMV BMV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 29 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 30 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 31 suggesting suggest VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 32 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 33 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 34 effects effect NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 35 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 36 Lsm Lsm NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 37 proteins protein NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 38 on on IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 39 BMV BMV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 40 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 41 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 42 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 43 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 44 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 45 tightly tightly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 46 linked link VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 80 47 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 81 1 17 17 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 1 As as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 2 mentioned mention VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 3 before before RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 4 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 5 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 6 Lsm Lsm NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 7 complex complex NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 8 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 9 similarly similarly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 10 important important JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 11 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 12 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 13 HCV HCV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 14 lifecycle lifecycle NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 15 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 16 suggesting suggest VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 17 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 18 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 19 observations observation NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 20 on on IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 21 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 22 role role NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 23 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 24 Lsm Lsm NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 25 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 26 BMV BMV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 27 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 28 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 29 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 30 may may MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 31 generalize generalize VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 32 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 33 many many JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 35 + + CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 37 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 38 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 82 39 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 3 siRNA sirna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 4 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 5 mediated mediate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 6 knockdown knockdown NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 7 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 8 Lsm1 Lsm1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 9 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 10 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 11 co co NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 12 - - NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 13 activators activator NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 14 PatL1 PatL1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 15 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 16 Rck Rck NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 17 / / SYM cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 18 p54 p54 NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 19 decreases decrease VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 20 HCV HCV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 21 intracellular intracellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 22 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 23 levels level NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 24 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 25 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 26 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 27 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 28 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 29 particle particle NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 30 production production NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 83 31 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 84 1 18 18 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 1 Using use VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 2 gel gel NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 3 shift shift NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 4 assays assay NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 5 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 6 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 7 Lsm1 Lsm1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 8 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 9 7 7 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 10 ring ring NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 11 was be VBD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 12 shown show VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 13 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 14 interact interact VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 15 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 16 select select JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 17 HCV HCV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 18 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 19 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 20 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 21 UTR UTR NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 22 sequences sequence NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 23 necessary necessary JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 24 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 25 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 26 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 27 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 28 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 29 suggesting suggest VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 30 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 31 it -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 32 may may MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 33 play play VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 34 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 35 direct direct JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 36 role role NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 37 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 38 modulating modulate VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 39 these these DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 40 processes process NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 41 during during IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 42 infection infection NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 85 43 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 2 has have VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 3 been be VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 4 suggested suggest VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 5 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 6 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 7 Lsm Lsm NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 8 proteins protein NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 9 may may MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 10 direct direct VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 11 BMV BMV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 12 RNAs rna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 13 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 14 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 15 complexes complex NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 16 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 17 recruiting recruit VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 18 them -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 19 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 20 P p NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 21 bodies body NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 22 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 23 which which WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 24 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 25 sites site NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 26 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 27 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 28 storage storage NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 29 and/or and/or CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 30 decay decay VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 86 31 19 19 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 87 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 87 2 Figure figure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 87 3 2 2 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 87 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 87 5 b b NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 87 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 87 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 87 8 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 88 1 Because because IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 88 2 P p NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 88 3 bodies body NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 88 4 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 88 5 thought think VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 88 6 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 88 7 hold hold VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 88 8 mRNAs mrna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 88 9 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 88 10 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 88 11 translationally translationally RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 88 12 repressed repress VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 88 13 state state NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 88 14 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 88 15 20 20 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 88 16 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 88 17 21 21 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 88 18 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 88 19 principle principle NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 88 20 they -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 88 21 could could MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 88 22 be be VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 88 23 ideal ideal JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 88 24 sites site NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 88 25 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 88 26 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 88 27 genome genome NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 88 28 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 88 29 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 89 1 19 19 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 1 Surprisingly surprisingly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 3 when when WRB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 4 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 5 BMV BMV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 6 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 7 HCV HCV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 8 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 9 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 10 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 11 like like JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 12 structure structure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 13 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 14 replaced replace VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 15 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 16 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 17 poly(A poly(a JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 19 tail tail NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 20 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 21 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 22 Lsm Lsm NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 23 complex complex NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 24 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 25 no no DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 26 longer long RBR cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 27 required require VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 28 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 29 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 30 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 31 accumulation accumulation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 32 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 33 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 90 34 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 91 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 91 2 16 16 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 91 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 91 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 91 5 17 17 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 91 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 91 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 91 8 18 18 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 91 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 92 1 One one CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 92 2 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 92 3 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 92 4 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 92 5 these these DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 92 6 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 92 7 co co VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 92 8 - - VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 92 9 opt opt VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 92 10 Lsm Lsm NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 92 11 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 92 12 compensate compensate VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 92 13 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 92 14 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 92 15 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 92 16 stabilizing stabilizing NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 92 17 functions function NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 92 18 normally normally RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 92 19 provided provide VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 92 20 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 92 21 polyadenylation polyadenylation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 92 22 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 92 23 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 92 24 associated associate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 92 25 poly(A poly(A NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 92 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 93 1 binding bind VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 93 2 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 93 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 93 4 PABP PABP NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 93 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 93 6 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 94 1 However however RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 94 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 94 3 association association NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 94 4 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 94 5 PABP PABP NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 94 6 should should MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 94 7 not not RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 94 8 result result VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 94 9 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 94 10 RNA rna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 94 11 recruitment recruitment NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 94 12 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 94 13 P p NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 94 14 bodies body NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 94 15 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 94 16 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 94 17 PABP PABP NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 94 18 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 94 19 not not RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 94 20 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 94 21 component component NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 94 22 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 94 23 P p NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 94 24 bodies body NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 94 25 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 95 1 22 22 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 96 1 In in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 96 2 addition addition NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 96 3 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 96 4 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 96 5 mRNAs mRNAs NNPS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 96 6 associated associate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 96 7 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 96 8 P p NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 96 9 bodies body NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 96 10 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 96 11 generally generally RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 96 12 believed believe VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 96 13 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 96 14 be be VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 96 15 deadenylated deadenylate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 96 16 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 97 1 23 23 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 98 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 98 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 98 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 98 4 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 98 5 not not RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 98 6 clear clear JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 98 7 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 98 8 PABP PABP NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 98 9 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 98 10 Lsm Lsm NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 98 11 association association NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 98 12 could could MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 98 13 substitute substitute VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 98 14 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 98 15 each each DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 98 16 other other JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 98 17 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 98 18 this this DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 98 19 system system NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 98 20 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 99 1 Further further JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 99 2 studies study NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 99 3 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 99 4 therefore therefore RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 99 5 needed need VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 99 6 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 99 7 delineate delineate VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 99 8 how how WRB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 99 9 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 99 10 why why WRB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 99 11 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 99 12 Lsm Lsm NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 99 13 complex complex NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 99 14 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 99 15 required require VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 99 16 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 99 17 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 99 18 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 99 19 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 99 20 only only RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 99 21 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 99 22 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 99 23 absence absence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 99 24 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 99 25 polyadenylation polyadenylation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 99 26 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 100 1 Cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 100 2 Lsm Lsm NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 100 3 proteins protein NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 100 4 may may MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 100 5 also also RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 100 6 play play VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 100 7 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 100 8 role role NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 100 9 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 100 10 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 100 11 stability stability NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 100 12 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 100 13 mRNAs mrnas CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 100 14 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 100 15 poxviruses poxvirus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 100 16 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 100 17 which which WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 100 18 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 100 19 large large JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 100 20 DNA dna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 100 21 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 100 22 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 100 23 replicate replicate VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 100 24 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 100 25 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 100 26 cytoplasm cytoplasm NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 101 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 101 2 Figure figure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 101 3 2 2 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 101 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 101 5 b b NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 101 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 101 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 101 8 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 1 Transcripts transcript NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 2 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 3 orthopoxviridae orthopoxviridae NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 4 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 5 particularly particularly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 6 those those DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 7 expressed express VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 8 later later RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 9 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 10 infection infection NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 11 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 12 often often RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 13 contain contain VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 14 non non JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 15 - - JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 16 templated templated JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 17 adenosine adenosine NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 18 stretches stretch NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 19 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 20 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 21 - - SYM cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 22 40 40 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 23 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 24 within within IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 25 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 26 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 27 UTRs utr NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 28 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 29 thought think VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 30 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 31 be be VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 32 generated generate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 33 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 34 polymerase polymerase NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 35 stuttering stuttering NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 102 36 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 1 24 24 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 2 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 3 adenosine adenosine NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 4 tracts tract NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 5 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 6 at at RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 7 least least JJS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 8 10 10 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 9 nt nt RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 10 were be VBD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 11 shown show VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 12 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 13 promote promote VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 14 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 15 stabilization stabilization NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 16 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 17 cells cell NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 18 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 19 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 20 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 21 extracts extract NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 22 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 23 inhibiting inhibit VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 24 both both CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 25 decapping decapping NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 26 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 27 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 28 →5 →5 JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 29 exonucleolytic exonucleolytic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 30 decay decay NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 31 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 32 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 33 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 103 34 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 104 1 25 25 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 105 1 Although although IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 105 2 these these DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 105 3 adenosine adenosine NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 105 4 stretches stretch NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 105 5 bind bind VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 105 6 PABP PABP NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 105 7 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 105 8 titrating titrate VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 105 9 away away RP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 105 10 PABP PABP NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 105 11 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 105 12 excess excess JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 105 13 poly(A poly(a NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 105 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 106 1 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 106 2 does do VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 106 3 not not RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 106 4 affect affect VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 106 5 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 106 6 stability stability NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 106 7 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 106 8 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 106 9 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 106 10 adenosine adenosine NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 106 11 tractcontaining tractcontaine VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 106 12 transcripts transcript NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 106 13 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 107 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 107 2 stabilization stabilization NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 107 3 instead instead RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 107 4 correlates correlate VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 107 5 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 107 6 direct direct JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 107 7 binding binding NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 107 8 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 107 9 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 107 10 Lsm1 Lsm1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 107 11 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 107 12 7 7 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 107 13 complex complex NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 107 14 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 108 1 25 25 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 108 2 Poxviruses Poxviruses NNPS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 108 3 encode encode VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 108 4 two two CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 108 5 decapping decapping NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 108 6 proteins protein NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 108 7 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 108 8 D9 D9 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 108 9 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 108 10 D10 D10 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 108 11 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 108 12 which which WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 108 13 contribute contribute VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 108 14 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 108 15 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 108 16 global global JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 108 17 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 108 18 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 108 19 turnover turnover NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 108 20 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 108 21 occurs occur VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 108 22 during during IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 108 23 poxvirus poxvirus NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 108 24 infection infection NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 108 25 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 109 1 However however RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 109 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 109 3 D9 D9 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 109 4 / / SYM cord-271972-qhr6iir6 109 5 D10 D10 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 109 6 can can MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 109 7 also also RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 109 8 target target VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 109 9 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 109 10 transcripts transcript NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 109 11 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 109 12 may may MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 109 13 restrict restrict VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 109 14 expression expression NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 109 15 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 109 16 early early JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 109 17 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 109 18 genes gene NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 109 19 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 110 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 110 2 26 26 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 110 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 110 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 110 5 27 27 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 110 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 110 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 110 8 28 28 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 110 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 1 Thus thus RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 3 Lsm Lsm NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 4 proteins protein NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 5 may may MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 6 participate participate VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 7 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 8 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 9 protection protection NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 10 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 11 late late JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 12 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 13 messages message NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 14 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 15 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 16 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 17 decapping decapping NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 18 proteins protein NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 19 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 20 although although IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 21 it -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 22 has have VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 23 yet yet RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 24 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 25 be be VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 26 directly directly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 27 proven prove VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 28 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 29 this this DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 30 complex complex NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 31 protects protect VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 32 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 33 messages message NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 34 during during IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 35 infection infection NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 36 or or CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 37 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 38 it -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 39 blocks block VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 40 D9 D9 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 41 / / SYM cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 42 D10 D10 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 43 decapping decapping NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 44 activity activity NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 111 45 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 112 1 25 25 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 2 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 3 notable notable JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 4 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 5 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 6 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 7 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 8 associated associate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 9 roles role NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 10 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 11 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 12 Lsm Lsm NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 13 complex complex NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 14 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 15 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 16 stabilization stabilization NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 17 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 18 enhanced enhanced JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 19 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 20 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 21 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 22 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 23 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 24 at at IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 25 odds odd NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 26 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 27 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 28 established establish VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 29 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 30 function function NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 31 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 32 activating activate VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 33 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 34 decapping decappe VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 35 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 36 facilitate facilitate VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 37 message message NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 38 degradation degradation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 113 39 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 1 While while IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 2 it -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 3 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 4 formally formally RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 5 possible possible JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 6 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 7 these these DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 8 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 9 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 10 manipulating manipulate VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 11 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 12 Lsm Lsm NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 13 complex complex NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 14 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 15 induce induce VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 16 novel novel JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 17 activities activity NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 18 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 19 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 20 more more RBR cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 21 likely likely JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 22 explanation explanation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 23 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 24 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 25 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 26 Lsm Lsm NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 27 proteins protein NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 28 have have VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 29 multifaceted multifacete VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 30 roles role NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 31 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 32 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 33 gene gene NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 34 expression expression NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 35 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 36 which which WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 37 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 38 being be VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 39 revealed reveal VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 40 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 41 exploited exploit VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 42 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 43 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 114 44 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 115 1 Decapping decapping NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 115 2 exposes expose VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 115 3 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 115 4 mRNA mrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 115 5 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 115 6 end end NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 115 7 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 115 8 triggering trigger VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 115 9 rapid rapid JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 115 10 exonucleolytic exonucleolytic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 115 11 destruction destruction NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 115 12 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 115 13 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 115 14 message message NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 115 15 body body NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 115 16 predominantly predominantly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 115 17 via via IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 115 18 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 115 19 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 115 20 →3 →3 NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 115 21 nuclease nuclease FW cord-271972-qhr6iir6 115 22 Xrn1 xrn1 NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 115 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 115 24 Figure figure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 115 25 1 1 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 115 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 115 27 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 116 1 Viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 116 2 lacking lack VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 116 3 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 116 4 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 116 5 cap cap NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 116 6 might may MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 116 7 therefore therefore RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 116 8 be be VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 116 9 particularly particularly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 116 10 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 116 11 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 116 12 Xrn1-mediated xrn1-mediated JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 116 13 degradation degradation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 116 14 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 3 Xrn1 Xrn1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 4 was be VBD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 5 initially initially RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 6 discovered discover VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 7 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 8 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 9 yeast yeast NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 10 Saccharomyces Saccharomyces NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 11 cerevisiae cerevisiae NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 12 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 13 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 14 ' ' `` cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 15 Superkiller Superkiller NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 16 ' ' '' cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 18 Ski ski NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 20 phenotype phenotype NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 21 : : : cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 22 loss loss NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 23 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 24 Xrn1 Xrn1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 25 resulted result VBD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 26 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 27 cell cell NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 28 death death NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 29 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 30 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 31 consequence consequence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 32 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 33 increased increase VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 34 levels level NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 35 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 36 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 37 toxin toxin NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 38 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 39 encoding encode VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 40 uncapped uncapped JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 41 M M NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 42 satellite satellite NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 43 double double RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 44 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 45 stranded strand VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 46 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 47 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 48 dsRNA dsrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 49 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 50 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 51 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 52 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 53 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 54 A A NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 55 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 117 56 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 118 1 29 29 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 1 In in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 2 addition addition NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 3 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 4 both both DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 5 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 6 yeast yeast NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 7 30 30 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 8 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 9 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 10 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 11 plant plant NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 12 Nicotiana Nicotiana NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 13 benthamiana benthamiana NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 14 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 15 31 31 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 16 Xrn1 Xrn1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 17 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 18 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 19 homolog homolog NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 20 Xrn4 Xrn4 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 21 prevent prevent VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 22 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 23 genomic genomic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 24 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 25 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 26 Tomato Tomato NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 27 bushy bushy JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 28 stunt stunt NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 29 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 30 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 31 accumulating accumulate VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 33 Figure figure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 34 3(a 3(a CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 119 37 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 120 1 These these DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 120 2 exonucleases exonuclease NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 120 3 also also RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 120 4 reduce reduce VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 120 5 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 120 6 levels level NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 120 7 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 120 8 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 120 9 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 120 10 intermediates intermediate NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 120 11 necessary necessary JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 120 12 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 120 13 recombination recombination NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 120 14 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 120 15 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 120 16 process process NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 120 17 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 120 18 some some DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 120 19 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 120 20 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 120 21 exploit exploit VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 120 22 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 120 23 repair repair VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 120 24 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 120 25 genomes genome NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 120 26 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 120 27 increase increase VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 120 28 diversity diversity NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 120 29 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 121 1 32 32 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 122 1 How how WRB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 122 2 do do VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 122 3 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 122 4 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 122 5 avoid avoid VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 122 6 Xrn1-mediated xrn1-mediated JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 122 7 degradation degradation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 122 8 ? ? . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 123 1 Some some DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 123 2 protect protect VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 123 3 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 123 4 RNAs rna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 123 5 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 123 6 encoding encode VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 123 7 cis cis NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 123 8 elements element NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 123 9 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 123 10 can can MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 123 11 physically physically RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 123 12 block block VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 123 13 Xrn1 Xrn1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 123 14 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 2 yeast yeast NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 3 20S 20S NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 4 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 5 narnavirus narnavirus NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 6 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 7 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 8 example example NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 9 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 10 has have VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 11 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 12 highly highly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 13 structured structured JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 14 G g NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 15 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 16 rich rich JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 17 motif motif NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 18 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 19 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 20 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 21 region region NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 22 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 23 can can MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 24 block block VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 25 Xrn1 xrn1 JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 26 activity activity NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 27 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 28 thereby thereby RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 29 likely likely RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 30 enhancing enhance VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 31 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 32 20S 20s CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 33 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 34 persistence persistence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 35 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 36 yeast yeast NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 124 37 laboratory laboratory NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 125 1 strains strain NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 125 2 33 33 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 126 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 126 2 Figure figure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 126 3 3(b 3(b CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 126 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 126 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 126 6 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 127 1 In in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 127 2 contrast contrast NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 127 3 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 127 4 poliovirus poliovirus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 127 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 127 6 PV PV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 127 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 127 8 recruits recruit VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 127 9 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 127 10 ribonucleoprotein ribonucleoprotein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 127 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 127 12 RNP RNP NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 127 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 127 14 complex complex NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 127 15 including include VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 127 16 poly(rC poly(rc CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 127 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 128 1 binding bind VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 128 2 proteins protein NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 128 3 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 128 4 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 128 5 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 128 6 cloverleaf cloverleaf NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 128 7 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 128 8 structure structure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 128 9 34 34 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 128 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 128 11 Figure figure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 128 12 3(b 3(b CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 128 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 128 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 128 15 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 129 1 Mutations mutation NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 129 2 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 129 3 this this DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 129 4 structure structure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 129 5 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 129 6 consequent consequent JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 129 7 loss loss NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 129 8 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 129 9 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 129 10 RNP RNP NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 129 11 adversely adversely RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 129 12 affect affect VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 129 13 PV PV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 129 14 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 129 15 stability stability NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 129 16 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 129 17 possibly possibly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 129 18 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 129 19 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 129 20 consequence consequence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 129 21 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 129 22 increasing increase VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 129 23 susceptibility susceptibility NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 129 24 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 129 25 Xrn1-mediated xrn1-mediated JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 129 26 degradation degradation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 129 27 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 130 1 35 35 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 131 1 This this DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 131 2 strategy strategy NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 131 3 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 131 4 probably probably RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 131 5 common common JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 131 6 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 131 7 many many JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 131 8 other other JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 131 9 members member NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 131 10 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 131 11 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 131 12 Picornaviridae Picornaviridae NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 131 13 family family NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 131 14 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 131 15 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 131 16 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 131 17 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 131 18 cloverleaf cloverleaf NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 131 19 structure structure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 131 20 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 131 21 highly highly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 131 22 conserved conserve VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 131 23 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 132 1 36 36 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 133 1 Interestingly interestingly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 133 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 133 3 some some DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 133 4 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 133 5 instead instead RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 133 6 exploit exploit VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 133 7 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 133 8 activity activity NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 133 9 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 133 10 Xrn1 Xrn1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 133 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 133 12 Figure figure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 133 13 3(c 3(c CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 133 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 133 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 133 16 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 1 Flaviviruses flavivirus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 2 such such JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 3 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 4 West West NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 5 Nile Nile NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 6 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 7 Dengue dengue NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 8 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 9 may may MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 10 appropriate appropriate VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 11 Xrn1 Xrn1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 12 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 13 produce produce VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 14 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 15 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 16 subgenomic subgenomic NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 17 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 19 termed term VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 20 sfRNA sfRNA NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 22 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 23 plays play VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 24 an an DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 25 essential essential JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 26 role role NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 27 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 28 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 29 pathogenicity pathogenicity NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 30 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 31 both both DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 32 cell cell NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 33 culture culture NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 34 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 35 mice mouse NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 134 36 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 135 1 37 37 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 1 These these DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 2 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 3 have have VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 4 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 5 highly highly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 6 structured structured JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 7 sequence sequence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 9 stem stem NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 10 loop loop NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 11 II II NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 12 or or CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 13 SLII SLII NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 15 within within IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 16 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 17 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 18 UTR UTR NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 19 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 20 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 21 genome genome NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 22 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 23 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 24 necessary necessary JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 25 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 26 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 27 production production NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 28 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 29 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 30 sfRNA sfrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 136 31 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 137 1 Depletion depletion NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 137 2 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 137 3 Xrn1 Xrn1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 137 4 prevents prevent VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 137 5 production production NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 137 6 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 137 7 sfRNA sfrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 137 8 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 137 9 suggesting suggest VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 137 10 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 137 11 sfRNA sfrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 137 12 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 137 13 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 137 14 product product NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 137 15 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 137 16 Xrn1-mediated xrn1-mediated JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 137 17 degradation degradation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 137 18 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 137 19 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 137 20 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 137 21 genomic genomic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 137 22 RNA rna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 137 23 upstream upstream RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 137 24 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 137 25 SLII SLII NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 137 26 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 138 1 In in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 138 2 turn turn NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 138 3 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 138 4 this this DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 138 5 indicates indicate VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 138 6 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 138 7 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 138 8 SLII SLII NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 138 9 element element NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 138 10 can can MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 138 11 stall stall VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 138 12 Xrn1 xrn1 JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 138 13 activity activity NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 138 14 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 1 Because because IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 2 no no DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 3 other other JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 4 Xrn1-blocking xrn1-blocking NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 5 element element NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 6 has have VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 7 been be VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 8 described describe VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 9 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 10 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 11 cells cell NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 12 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 13 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 14 SLII SLII NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 15 element element NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 16 will will MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 17 likely likely RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 18 prove prove VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 19 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 20 valuable valuable JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 21 tool tool NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 22 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 23 study study VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 24 Xrn1-mediated xrn1-mediated JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 25 degradation degradation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 26 both both DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 27 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 28 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 29 context context NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 30 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 31 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 32 infections infection NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 33 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 34 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 35 uninfected uninfected JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 36 cells cell NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 139 37 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 140 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 140 2 exosome exosome NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 140 3 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 140 4 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 140 5 multisubunit multisubunit NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 140 6 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 140 7 complex complex NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 140 8 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 140 9 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 140 10 →5 →5 JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 140 11 exonucleolytic exonucleolytic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 140 12 activity activity NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 140 13 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 140 14 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 140 15 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 140 16 major major JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 140 17 driver driver NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 140 18 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 140 19 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 140 20 degradation degradation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 140 21 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 140 22 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 140 23 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 140 24 end end NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 140 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 140 26 Figure figure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 140 27 1 1 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 140 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 140 29 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 141 1 In in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 141 2 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 141 3 cytoplasm cytoplasm NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 141 4 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 141 5 this this DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 141 6 complex complex NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 141 7 participates participate VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 141 8 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 141 9 mRNA mrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 141 10 turnover turnover NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 141 11 after after IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 141 12 deadenylation deadenylation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 141 13 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 141 14 whereas whereas IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 141 15 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 141 16 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 141 17 nucleus nucleus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 141 18 it -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 141 19 plays play VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 141 20 an an DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 141 21 essential essential JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 141 22 role role NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 141 23 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 141 24 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 141 25 processing processing NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 141 26 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 141 27 quality quality NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 141 28 control control NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 141 29 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 142 1 38 38 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 142 2 Little Little NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 142 3 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 142 4 currently currently RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 142 5 known know VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 142 6 about about IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 142 7 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 142 8 interaction interaction NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 142 9 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 142 10 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 142 11 exosome exosome NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 142 12 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 142 13 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 142 14 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 1 However however RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 3 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 4 zinc zinc NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 5 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 6 finger finger NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 7 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 8 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 10 ZAP ZAP NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 12 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 13 an an DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 14 important important JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 15 mediator mediator NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 16 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 17 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 18 response response NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 19 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 20 retroviruses retrovirus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 21 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 22 39 39 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 23 alphaviruses alphavirus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 24 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 25 40 40 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 26 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 27 filoviruses filovirus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 28 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 29 41 41 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 30 has have VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 31 been be VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 32 shown show VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 33 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 34 bind bind VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 35 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 36 hRrp46 hrrp46 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 37 component component NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 38 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 39 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 40 exosome exosome NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 41 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 42 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 43 recruit recruit VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 44 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 45 complex complex NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 46 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 47 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 48 mRNAs mrnas $ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 49 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 50 promote promote VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 51 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 52 degradation degradation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 143 53 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 1 42 42 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 2 Depletion depletion NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 3 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 4 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 5 exosome exosome NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 6 using use VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 7 siRNAs siRNAs NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 8 directed direct VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 9 against against IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 10 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 11 hRrp41 hRrp41 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 12 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 13 hRrp46 hRrp46 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 14 subunits subunit NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 15 reduces reduce VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 16 turnover turnover NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 17 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 18 reporter reporter NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 19 RNAs rna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 20 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 21 ZAP ZAP NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 22 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 23 suggesting suggest VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 24 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 25 exosome exosome NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 26 activity activity NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 27 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 28 an an DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 29 integral integral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 30 component component NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 31 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 32 ZAP ZAP NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 33 function function NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 144 34 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 145 1 ZAP ZAP NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 145 2 binds bind VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 145 3 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 145 4 RNAs rna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 145 5 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 145 6 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 145 7 sequence sequence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 145 8 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 145 9 specific specific JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 145 10 manner manner NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 145 11 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 145 12 perhaps perhaps RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 145 13 explaining explain VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 145 14 why why WRB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 145 15 this this DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 145 16 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 145 17 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 145 18 not not RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 145 19 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 145 20 broad broad JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 145 21 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 145 22 spectrum spectrum NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 145 23 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 145 24 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 145 25 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 146 1 43 43 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 147 1 However however RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 147 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 147 3 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 147 4 absence absence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 147 5 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 147 6 significant significant JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 147 7 homology homology NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 147 8 between between IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 147 9 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 147 10 various various JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 147 11 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 147 12 sequences sequence NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 147 13 bound bind VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 147 14 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 147 15 ZAP ZAP NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 147 16 implicates implicate VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 147 17 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 147 18 structure structure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 147 19 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 147 20 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 147 21 primary primary JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 147 22 determinant determinant NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 147 23 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 147 24 recognition recognition NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 147 25 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 148 1 An an DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 148 2 important important JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 148 3 next next JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 148 4 step step NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 148 5 will will MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 148 6 be be VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 148 7 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 148 8 directly directly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 148 9 test test VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 148 10 whether whether IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 148 11 exosome exosome NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 148 12 depletion depletion NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 148 13 rescues rescue VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 148 14 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 148 15 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 148 16 defects defect NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 148 17 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 148 18 ZAP ZAP NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 148 19 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 148 20 expressing express VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 148 21 cells cell NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 148 22 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 149 1 These these DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 149 2 findings finding NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 149 3 suggest suggest VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 149 4 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 149 5 role role NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 149 6 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 149 7 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 149 8 exosome exosome NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 149 9 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 149 10 controlling control VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 149 11 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 149 12 infection infection NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 149 13 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 150 1 In in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 150 2 contrast contrast NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 150 3 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 150 4 no no DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 150 5 evidence evidence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 150 6 currently currently RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 150 7 exists exist VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 150 8 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 150 9 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 150 10 directly directly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 150 11 co co VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 150 12 - - JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 150 13 opting opt VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 150 14 this this DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 150 15 complex complex NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 150 16 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 1 Nonetheless nonetheless RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 3 given give VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 4 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 5 widespread widespread JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 6 roles role NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 7 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 8 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 9 exosome exosome NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 10 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 11 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 12 quality quality NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 13 control control NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 14 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 15 turnover turnover NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 16 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 17 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 18 presumably presumably RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 19 activate activate VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 20 this this DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 21 complex complex NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 22 at at IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 23 least least JJS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 24 indirectly indirectly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 25 when when WRB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 26 triggering trigger VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 27 turnover turnover NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 28 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 29 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 30 mRNAs mrna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 151 31 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 152 1 For for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 152 2 example example NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 152 3 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 152 4 infection infection NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 152 5 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 152 6 select select JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 152 7 herpes herpe NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 152 8 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 152 9 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 152 10 results result NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 152 11 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 152 12 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 152 13 global global JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 152 14 destruction destruction NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 152 15 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 152 16 host host NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 152 17 messages message NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 152 18 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 153 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 153 2 44 44 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 153 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 153 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 153 5 45 45 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 153 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 154 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 154 2 46 46 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 154 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 155 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 155 2 47 47 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 155 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 156 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 156 2 48 48 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 156 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 157 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 157 2 exosome exosome NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 157 3 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 157 4 as as RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 157 5 well well RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 157 6 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 157 7 other other JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 157 8 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 157 9 turnover turnover NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 157 10 pathways pathway NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 157 11 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 157 12 may may MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 157 13 contribute contribute VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 157 14 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 157 15 degradation degradation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 157 16 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 157 17 full full JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 157 18 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 157 19 length length NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 157 20 or or CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 157 21 partially partially RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 157 22 degraded degrade VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 157 23 mRNAs mrna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 157 24 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 157 25 these these DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 157 26 cases case NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 157 27 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 1 Cells cell NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 2 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 3 equipped equip VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 4 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 5 specific specific JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 6 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 7 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 8 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 9 recognition recognition NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 10 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 11 disposal disposal NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 12 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 13 defective defective JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 14 mRNAs mrna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 15 generated generate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 16 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 17 errors error NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 18 introduced introduce VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 19 during during IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 20 transcription transcription NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 21 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 22 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 23 processing processing NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 24 or or CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 25 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 26 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 27 result result NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 28 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 29 mutations mutation NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 30 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 31 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 32 DNA dna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 33 sequence sequence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 158 34 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 159 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 159 2 best well RBS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 159 3 characterized characterize VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 159 4 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 159 5 these these DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 159 6 pathways pathway NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 159 7 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 159 8 nonsense nonsense NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 159 9 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 159 10 mediated mediate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 159 11 decay decay NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 159 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 159 13 NMD NMD NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 159 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 159 15 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 159 16 which which WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 159 17 targets target VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 159 18 mRNAs mrna VBD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 159 19 harboring harbor VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 159 20 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 159 21 premature premature JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 159 22 stop stop NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 159 23 codon codon NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 159 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 159 25 PTC PTC NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 159 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 160 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 160 2 Figure figure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 160 3 4 4 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 160 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 160 5 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 161 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 161 2 core core NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 161 3 NMD NMD NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 161 4 effectors effector NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 161 5 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 161 6 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 161 7 Upf Upf NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 161 8 proteins protein NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 161 9 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 161 10 which which WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 161 11 associate associate VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 161 12 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 161 13 prematurely prematurely RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 161 14 terminating terminate VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 161 15 mRNAs mrnas PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 161 16 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 161 17 trigger trigger VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 161 18 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 161 19 rapid rapid JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 161 20 destruction destruction NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 161 21 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 1 Current current JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 2 models model NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 3 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 4 NMD NMD NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 5 activation activation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 6 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 7 human human JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 8 cells cell NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 9 suggest suggest VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 10 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 11 Upf1 Upf1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 12 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 13 recruited recruit VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 14 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 15 these these DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 16 aberrant aberrant JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 17 mRNAs mRNAs NNPS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 18 during during IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 19 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 20 initial initial JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 21 round round NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 22 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 23 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 24 via via IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 25 interactions interaction NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 26 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 27 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 28 eRF1 eRF1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 29 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 30 eRF3 eRF3 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 31 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 32 termination termination NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 33 factors factor NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 34 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 35 whereupon whereupon IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 36 other other JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 37 effectors effector NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 38 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 39 NMD NMD NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 41 including include VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 42 Upf2 Upf2 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 43 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 44 Upf3 Upf3 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 45 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 46 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 47 Smg Smg NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 48 proteins protein NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 49 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 50 join join VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 51 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 52 complex complex NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 162 53 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 163 1 49 49 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 164 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 164 2 aberrant aberrant JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 164 3 mRNA mrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 164 4 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 164 5 then then RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 164 6 cleaved cleave VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 164 7 endonucleolytically endonucleolytically RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 164 8 near near IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 164 9 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 164 10 PTC PTC NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 164 11 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 164 12 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 164 13 NMD NMD NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 164 14 factor factor NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 164 15 Smg6 Smg6 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 164 16 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 164 17 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 164 18 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 164 19 message message NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 164 20 body body NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 164 21 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 164 22 degraded degrade VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 164 23 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 164 24 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 164 25 exonucleases exonuclease NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 164 26 50 50 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 164 27 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 164 28 51 51 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 165 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 165 2 Figure figure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 165 3 4 4 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 165 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 165 5 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 166 1 Two two CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 166 2 features feature NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 166 3 can can MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 166 4 mark mark VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 166 5 mRNAs mRNAs NNPS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 166 6 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 166 7 destruction destruction NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 166 8 via via IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 166 9 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 166 10 NMD NMD NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 166 11 pathway pathway NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 166 12 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 1 In in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 2 human human JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 3 cells cell NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 4 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 5 one one CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 6 important important JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 7 feature feature NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 8 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 9 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 10 presence presence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 11 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 12 exon exon NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 13 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 14 exon exon NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 15 junctions junction NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 16 downstream downstream RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 17 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 18 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 19 termination termination NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 20 codon codon NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 21 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 22 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 23 determined determine VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 24 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 25 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 26 retention retention NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 27 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 28 exon exon JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 29 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 30 junction junction NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 31 complexes complex NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 33 EJCs ejc NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 35 at at IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 36 these these DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 37 sites site NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 167 38 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 168 1 Normally normally RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 168 2 EJCs ejc NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 168 3 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 168 4 which which WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 168 5 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 168 6 deposited deposit VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 168 7 during during IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 168 8 splicing splicing NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 168 9 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 168 10 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 168 11 displaced displace VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 168 12 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 168 13 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 168 14 mRNA mrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 168 15 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 168 16 translating translate VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 168 17 ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 168 18 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 169 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 169 2 52 52 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 169 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 169 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 169 5 53 53 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 169 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 170 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 170 2 54 54 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 170 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 171 1 However however RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 171 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 171 3 NMD NMD NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 171 4 can can MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 171 5 also also RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 171 6 occur occur VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 171 7 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 171 8 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 171 9 absence absence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 171 10 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 171 11 splicing splicing NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 171 12 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 171 13 suggesting suggest VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 171 14 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 171 15 downstream downstream JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 171 16 EJCs ejc NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 171 17 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 171 18 not not RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 171 19 always always RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 171 20 required require VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 171 21 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 171 22 activation activation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 171 23 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 171 24 NMD NMD NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 171 25 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 172 1 49 49 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 173 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 173 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 173 3 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 173 4 second second JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 173 5 determinant determinant NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 173 6 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 173 7 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 173 8 length length NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 173 9 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 173 10 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 173 11 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 173 12 UTR UTR NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 173 13 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 173 14 which which WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 173 15 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 173 16 monitored monitor VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 173 17 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 173 18 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 173 19 proximity proximity NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 173 20 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 173 21 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 173 22 termination termination NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 173 23 codon codon NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 173 24 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 173 25 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 173 26 poly(A poly(a JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 173 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 173 28 tail tail NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 173 29 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 1 Messages message NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 2 bearing bear VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 3 PTCs ptc NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 4 possess possess VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 5 longer long JJR cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 6 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 7 UTRs utr NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 8 than than IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 9 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 10 wild wild JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 11 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 12 type type NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 13 counterparts counterpart NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 14 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 15 this this DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 16 appears appear VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 17 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 18 decrease decrease VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 19 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 20 efficiency efficiency NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 21 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 22 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 23 termination termination NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 24 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 25 facilitate facilitate VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 26 Upf1 Upf1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 27 recruitment recruitment NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 28 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 29 even even RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 30 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 31 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 32 absence absence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 33 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 34 downstream downstream JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 35 EJCs ejc NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 174 36 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 175 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 175 2 55 55 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 175 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 175 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 175 5 56 56 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 175 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 2 57 57 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 4 NMD NMD NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 5 represents represent VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 6 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 7 potentially potentially RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 8 formidable formidable JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 9 obstacle obstacle NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 10 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 11 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 12 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 13 many many JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 14 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 15 which which WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 16 encode encode VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 17 polycistronic polycistronic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 18 transcripts transcript NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 19 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 20 would would MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 21 presumably presumably RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 22 be be VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 23 viewed view VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 24 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 25 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 26 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 27 NMD NMD NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 28 machinery machinery NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 29 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 30 having have VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 31 aberrantly aberrantly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 32 long long JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 33 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 34 UTRs utr NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 176 35 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 1 Additionally additionally RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 3 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 4 frequently frequently RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 5 use use VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 6 alternative alternative JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 7 splicing splicing NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 8 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 9 maximize maximize VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 10 coding code VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 11 potential potential NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 12 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 13 possibly possibly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 14 creating create VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 15 spliced splice VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 16 variants variant NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 17 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 18 EJC EJC NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 19 components component NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 20 remaining remain VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 21 downstream downstream NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 22 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 23 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 24 stop stop NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 25 codon codon NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 26 used use VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 27 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 28 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 29 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 30 ORF ORF NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 177 31 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 178 1 One one CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 178 2 way way NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 178 3 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 178 4 may may MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 178 5 escape escape VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 178 6 NMD NMD NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 178 7 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 178 8 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 178 9 tightly tightly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 178 10 regulating regulate VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 178 11 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 178 12 splicing splicing NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 178 13 pattern pattern NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 178 14 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 178 15 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 178 16 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 178 17 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 178 18 case case NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 178 19 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 178 20 human human JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 178 21 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 178 22 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 178 23 1 1 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 178 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 178 25 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 178 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 178 27 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 179 1 58 58 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 180 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 180 2 sole sole JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 180 3 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 180 4 transcript transcript NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 180 5 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 180 6 alternatively alternatively RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 180 7 spliced splice VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 180 8 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 180 9 generate generate VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 180 10 more more JJR cord-271972-qhr6iir6 180 11 than than IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 180 12 30 30 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 180 13 mRNAs mrna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 180 14 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 2 genes gene NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 3 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 4 always always RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 5 spliced splice VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 6 out out RP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 7 sequentially sequentially RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 8 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 9 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 10 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 11 →3 →3 NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 12 order order NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 13 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 14 so so IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 15 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 16 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 17 avoid avoid VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 18 generating generate VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 19 transcripts transcript NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 20 where where WRB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 21 splicing splicing NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 22 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 23 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 24 genes gene NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 25 leads lead VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 26 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 27 deposition deposition NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 28 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 29 EJCs ejc NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 30 downstream downstream RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 31 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 32 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 33 termination termination NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 34 codons codon NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 35 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 36 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 37 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 38 genes gene NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 181 39 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 1 However however RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 3 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 4 consequence consequence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 5 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 6 this this DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 7 strategy strategy NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 8 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 9 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 10 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 11 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 12 -most -most NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 13 genes gene NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 14 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 15 generally generally RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 16 translated translate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 17 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 18 completely completely RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 19 unspliced unspliced JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 20 mRNAs mRNAs NNPS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 21 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 22 which which WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 23 have have VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 24 very very RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 25 long long JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 26 UTRs utr NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 27 between between IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 28 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 29 stop stop NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 30 codon codon NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 31 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 32 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 33 first first JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 34 gene gene NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 35 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 36 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 37 poly(A poly(a JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 39 tail tail NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 182 40 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 183 1 Thus thus RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 183 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 183 3 some some DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 183 4 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 183 5 specifically specifically RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 183 6 avoid avoid VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 183 7 NMD NMD NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 183 8 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 183 9 encoding encode VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 183 10 protective protective JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 183 11 elements element NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 183 12 within within IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 183 13 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 183 14 long long JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 183 15 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 183 16 UTRs utr NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 183 17 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 1 This this DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 2 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 3 best well RBS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 4 illustrated illustrate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 5 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 6 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 7 avian avian JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 8 retrovirus retrovirus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 9 Rous rous JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 10 sarcoma sarcoma NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 11 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 13 RSV RSV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 15 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 16 which which WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 17 contains contain VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 18 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 19 sequence sequence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 20 element element NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 22 RSE RSE NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 24 downstream downstream NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 25 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 26 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 27 Gag Gag NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 28 gene gene NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 29 stop stop NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 30 codon codon NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 31 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 32 prevents prevent VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 33 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 34 unspliced unspliced JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 35 mRNA mrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 36 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 37 being be VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 38 targeted target VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 39 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 40 degradation degradation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 184 41 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 185 1 59 59 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 185 2 Deletion deletion NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 185 3 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 185 4 this this DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 185 5 sequence sequence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 185 6 causes cause VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 185 7 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 185 8 dramatic dramatic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 185 9 shortening shortening NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 185 10 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 185 11 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 185 12 half half JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 185 13 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 185 14 life life NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 185 15 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 185 16 unspliced unsplice VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 186 1 RSV RSV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 186 2 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 187 1 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 187 2 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 187 3 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 187 4 - - : cord-271972-qhr6iir6 187 5 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 187 6 Upf1-dependent upf1-dependent JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 187 7 manner manner NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 187 8 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 187 9 whereas whereas IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 187 10 insertion insertion NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 187 11 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 187 12 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 187 13 RSE RSE NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 187 14 protects protect VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 187 15 PTC PTC NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 187 16 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 187 17 containing contain VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 187 18 NMD NMD NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 187 19 substrates substrate NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 187 20 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 187 21 degradation degradation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 187 22 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 1 Analyses analysis NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 2 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 3 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 4 RSE RSE NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 5 structure structure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 6 using use VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 7 SHAPE shape NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 8 chemistry chemistry NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 9 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 10 partial partial JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 11 RNase rnase NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 12 digestion digestion NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 13 indicate indicate VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 14 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 15 presence presence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 16 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 17 an an DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 18 AU AU NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 19 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 20 rich rich JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 21 stretch stretch NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 22 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 23 stem stem NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 24 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 25 loop loop NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 26 elements element NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 27 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 28 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 29 conserved conserve VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 30 amongst amongst IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 31 20 20 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 32 different different JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 33 avian avian JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 34 retroviruses retrovirus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 188 35 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 189 1 60 60 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 1 While while IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 2 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 3 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 4 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 5 which which WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 6 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 7 RSE RSE NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 8 blocks block VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 9 NMD NMD NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 10 remain remain VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 11 unknown unknown JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 12 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 13 an an DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 14 intriguing intriguing JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 15 preliminary preliminary JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 16 observation observation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 17 suggests suggest VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 18 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 19 it -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 20 may may MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 21 form form VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 22 an an DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 23 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 24 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 25 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 26 interaction interaction NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 27 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 28 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 29 region region NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 30 just just RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 31 upstream upstream RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 32 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 33 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 34 RSV RSV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 35 poly(A poly(A NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 37 site site NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 190 38 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 191 1 60 60 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 1 Given give VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 2 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 3 correlation correlation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 4 between between IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 5 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 6 proximity proximity NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 7 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 8 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 9 stop stop NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 10 codon codon NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 11 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 12 poly(A poly(a JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 14 tail tail NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 15 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 16 NMD NMD NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 17 activation activation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 18 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 19 such such PDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 20 an an DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 21 interaction interaction NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 22 could could MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 23 facilitate facilitate VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 24 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 25 termination termination NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 26 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 27 bringing bring VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 28 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 29 poly(A poly(a JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 31 tail tail NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 32 closer close RBR cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 33 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 34 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 35 Gag Gag NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 36 stop stop NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 37 codon codon NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 38 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 39 thereby thereby RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 40 decreasing decrease VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 41 Upf1 upf1 JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 42 recruitment recruitment NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 43 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 44 Figure figure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 45 4 4 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 192 47 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 193 1 Alternatively alternatively RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 193 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 193 3 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 193 4 RSE RSE NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 193 5 may may MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 193 6 bind bind VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 193 7 proteins protein NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 193 8 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 193 9 influence influence VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 193 10 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 193 11 stability stability NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 193 12 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 193 13 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 193 14 mRNA mrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 193 15 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 2 will will MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 3 be be VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 4 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 5 interest interest NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 6 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 7 examine examine VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 8 whether whether IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 9 similar similar JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 10 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 11 perhaps perhaps RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 12 structurally structurally RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 13 related related JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 14 elements element NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 15 exist exist VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 16 within within IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 17 other other JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 18 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 19 or or CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 20 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 21 mRNAs mrna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 22 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 23 unusually unusually RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 24 long long JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 25 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 26 UTRs utr NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 27 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 28 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 29 this this DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 30 may may MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 31 shed shed VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 32 light light NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 33 on on IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 34 how how WRB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 35 this this DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 36 important important JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 37 pathway pathway NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 38 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 39 regulated regulate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 40 normally normally RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 41 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 42 cells cell NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 43 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 44 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 45 response response NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 46 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 47 infection infection NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 194 48 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 1 For for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 2 example example NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 3 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 4 both both DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 5 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 6 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 7 SINV SINV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 8 have have VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 9 long long JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 10 stretches stretch NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 11 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 12 coding code VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 13 sequence sequence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 14 at at IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 15 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 16 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 17 end end NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 18 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 19 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 20 not not RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 21 translated translate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 22 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 23 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 24 genomic genomic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 25 mRNA mrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 26 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 27 but but CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 28 instead instead RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 29 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 30 expressed express VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 31 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 32 subgenomic subgenomic NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 33 transcripts transcript NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 195 34 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 196 1 61 61 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 196 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 196 3 62 62 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 1 During during IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 2 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 3 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 4 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 5 genes gene NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 6 at at IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 7 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 8 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 9 end end NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 10 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 11 these these DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 12 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 13 genomes genome NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 14 such such JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 15 sequences sequence NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 16 would would MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 17 appear appear VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 18 as as RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 19 very very RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 20 long long JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 21 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 22 UTRs utr NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 23 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 24 which which WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 25 might may MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 26 be be VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 27 predicted predict VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 28 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 29 trigger trigger VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 30 NMD NMD NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 31 even even RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 32 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 33 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 34 absence absence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 35 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 36 nuclear nuclear JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 37 splicing splicing NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 38 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 39 EJC EJC NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 40 deposition deposition NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 197 41 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 198 1 Thus thus RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 198 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 198 3 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 198 4 protective protective JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 198 5 mechanism mechanism NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 198 6 may may MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 198 7 be be VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 198 8 required require VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 198 9 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 198 10 actively actively RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 198 11 stabilize stabilize VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 198 12 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 198 13 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 198 14 genomes genome NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 198 15 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 198 16 such such JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 198 17 cases case NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 198 18 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 199 1 A a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 199 2 similar similar JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 199 3 situation situation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 199 4 could could MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 199 5 arise arise VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 199 6 during during IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 199 7 infection infection NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 199 8 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 199 9 some some DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 199 10 DNA dna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 199 11 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 199 12 such such JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 199 13 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 199 14 those those DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 199 15 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 199 16 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 199 17 gamma gamma NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 199 18 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 199 19 herpesvirus herpesvirus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 199 20 subfamily subfamily NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 199 21 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 199 22 which which WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 199 23 transcribe transcribe VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 199 24 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 199 25 number number NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 199 26 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 199 27 potentially potentially RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 199 28 polycistronic polycistronic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 199 29 messages message NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 199 30 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 200 1 63 63 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 200 2 Additional Additional NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 200 3 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 200 4 NMD NMD NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 200 5 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 200 6 independent independent JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 200 7 roles role NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 200 8 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 200 9 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 200 10 infection infection NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 200 11 have have VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 200 12 been be VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 200 13 proposed propose VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 200 14 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 200 15 Upf1 Upf1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 200 16 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 201 1 For for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 201 2 example example NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 201 3 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 201 4 Upf1 Upf1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 201 5 associates associate NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 201 6 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 201 7 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 201 8 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 201 9 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 201 10 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 201 11 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 201 12 presence presence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 201 13 stabilizes stabilize VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 201 14 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 201 15 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 201 16 genome genome NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 201 17 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 201 18 facilitates facilitate VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 201 19 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 201 20 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 201 21 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 201 22 Gag Gag NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 201 23 precursor precursor NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 201 24 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 202 1 64 64 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 1 These these DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 2 functions function NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 3 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 4 Upf1 Upf1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 5 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 6 genetically genetically RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 7 separable separable JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 8 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 9 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 10 role role NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 11 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 12 NMD NMD NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 13 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 14 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 15 they -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 16 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 17 observed observe VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 18 even even RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 19 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 20 mutants mutant NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 21 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 22 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 23 Upf1 Upf1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 24 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 25 helicase helicase NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 26 domain domain NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 27 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 28 have have VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 29 dominant dominant JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 30 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 31 negative negative JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 32 effects effect NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 33 on on IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 34 NMD NMD NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 203 35 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 204 1 An an DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 204 2 intriguing intriguing JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 204 3 idea idea NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 204 4 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 204 5 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 204 6 cells cell NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 204 7 may may MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 204 8 specifically specifically RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 204 9 transform transform VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 204 10 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 204 11 mRNAs mrnas TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 204 12 into into IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 204 13 targets target NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 204 14 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 204 15 quality quality NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 204 16 control control NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 204 17 pathways pathway NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 204 18 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 204 19 an an DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 204 20 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 204 21 measure measure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 204 22 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 1 Evidence evidence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 2 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 3 this this DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 4 comes come VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 5 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 6 studies study NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 7 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 8 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 9 pokeweed pokeweed JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 10 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 11 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 13 PAP PAP NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 15 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 16 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 17 ribosome ribosome NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 18 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 19 inactivating inactivate VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 20 factor factor NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 21 isolated isolate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 22 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 23 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 24 pokeweed pokeweed JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 25 plant plant NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 26 Phytolacca Phytolacca NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 27 americana americana NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 28 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 29 functions function VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 30 via via IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 31 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 32 depurination depurination NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 205 33 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 206 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 206 2 65 65 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 206 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 206 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 206 5 66 66 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 206 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 207 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 207 2 67 67 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 207 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 208 1 This this DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 208 2 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 208 3 has have VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 208 4 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 208 5 broad broad JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 208 6 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 208 7 spectrum spectrum NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 208 8 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 208 9 activity activity NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 208 10 against against IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 208 11 both both DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 208 12 plant plant NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 208 13 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 208 14 animal animal NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 208 15 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 208 16 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 208 17 including include VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 208 18 HIV HIV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 208 19 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 208 20 68 68 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 208 21 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 208 22 has have VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 208 23 generated generate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 208 24 interest interest NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 208 25 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 208 26 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 208 27 potential potential JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 208 28 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 208 29 treatment treatment NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 208 30 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 209 1 69 69 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 1 Although although IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 2 initially initially RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 3 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 4 activity activity NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 5 was be VBD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 6 ascribed ascribe VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 7 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 8 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 9 ribosome ribosome NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 10 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 11 inactivating inactivate VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 12 function function NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 13 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 14 PAP pap NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 15 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 16 it -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 17 was be VBD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 18 subsequently subsequently RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 19 found find VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 20 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 21 some some DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 22 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 23 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 24 PAP pap NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 25 mutants mutant NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 26 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 27 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 28 unable unable JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 29 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 30 depurinate depurinate NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 31 ribosomal ribosomal NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 32 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 34 rRNA rRNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 36 can can MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 37 still still RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 38 selectively selectively RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 39 inhibit inhibit VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 40 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 41 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 210 42 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 211 1 70 70 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 211 2 PAP pap NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 211 3 was be VBD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 211 4 subsequently subsequently RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 211 5 shown show VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 211 6 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 211 7 depurinate depurinate NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 211 8 capped cap VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 211 9 mRNAs mRNAs NNPS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 211 10 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 211 11 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 211 12 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 211 13 aforementioned aforementioned JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 211 14 mutants mutant NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 211 15 were be VBD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 211 16 shown show VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 211 17 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 211 18 retain retain VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 211 19 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 211 20 ability ability NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 211 21 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 211 22 depurinate depurinate VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 211 23 mRNAs mrnas CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 211 24 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 212 1 66 66 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 213 1 Recent recent JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 213 2 studies study NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 213 3 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 213 4 yeast yeast NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 213 5 using use VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 213 6 BMV BMV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 213 7 have have VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 213 8 shown show VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 213 9 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 213 10 BMV BMV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 213 11 RNAs rna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 213 12 become become VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 213 13 depurinated depurinate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 213 14 upon upon IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 213 15 PAP pap NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 213 16 expression expression NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 213 17 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 213 18 leading lead VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 213 19 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 213 20 ribosome ribosome NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 213 21 stalling stalling NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 213 22 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 213 23 enhanced enhance VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 213 24 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 213 25 turnover turnover NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 213 26 71 71 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 214 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 214 2 Figure figure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 214 3 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 214 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 214 5 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 1 Interestingly interestingly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 3 PAP pap NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 4 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 5 induced induce VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 6 turnover turnover NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 7 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 8 BMV BMV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 9 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 10 did do VBD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 11 not not RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 12 occur occur VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 13 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 14 yeast yeast NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 15 defective defective JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 16 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 17 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 18 Dom34p Dom34p NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 19 endonuclease endonuclease NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 20 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 21 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 22 key key JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 23 component component NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 24 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 25 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 26 quality quality NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 27 control control NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 28 pathway pathway NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 29 termed term VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 30 No no DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 31 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 32 go go JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 33 decay decay NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 35 NGD NGD NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 215 37 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 216 1 NGD NGD NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 216 2 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 216 3 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 216 4 surveillance surveillance NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 216 5 mechanism mechanism NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 216 6 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 216 7 targets target VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 216 8 mRNAs mrnas RP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 216 9 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 216 10 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 216 11 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 216 12 elongation elongation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 216 13 stalls stall NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 216 14 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 216 15 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 216 16 example example NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 216 17 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 216 18 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 216 19 consequence consequence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 216 20 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 216 21 rare rare JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 216 22 codons codon NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 216 23 or or CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 216 24 strong strong JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 216 25 secondary secondary JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 216 26 structures structure NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 216 27 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 1 Following follow VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 2 endonucleolytic endonucleolytic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 3 cleavage cleavage NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 4 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 5 Dom34p Dom34p NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 6 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 7 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 8 resulting result VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 9 RNA rna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 10 fragments fragment NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 11 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 12 degraded degrade VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 13 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 14 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 15 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 16 end end NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 17 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 18 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 19 exonuclease exonuclease NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 20 Xrn1 Xrn1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 21 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 22 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 23 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 24 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 25 end end NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 26 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 27 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 28 exosome exosome NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 29 72 72 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 31 Figure figure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 32 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 217 34 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 218 1 As as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 218 2 expected expect VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 218 3 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 218 4 NGD NGD NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 218 5 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 218 6 yeast yeast NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 218 7 mutants mutant NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 218 8 defective defective JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 218 9 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 218 10 Xrn1 Xrn1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 218 11 or or CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 218 12 exosome exosome JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 218 13 activity activity NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 218 14 accumulate accumulate VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 218 15 cleaved cleave VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 218 16 BMV BMV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 218 17 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 218 18 intermediates intermediate NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 218 19 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 219 1 While while IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 219 2 NGD NGD NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 219 3 has have VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 219 4 been be VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 219 5 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 219 6 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 219 7 yeast yeast NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 219 8 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 219 9 an an DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 219 10 analogous analogous JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 219 11 surveillance surveillance NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 219 12 pathway pathway NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 219 13 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 219 14 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 219 15 cells cell NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 219 16 has have VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 219 17 yet yet RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 219 18 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 219 19 be be VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 219 20 identified identify VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 219 21 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 1 Thus thus RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 4 will will MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 5 be be VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 6 especially especially RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 7 interesting interesting JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 8 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 9 determine determine VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 10 whether whether IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 11 PAP pap NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 12 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 13 activity activity NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 14 against against IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 15 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 16 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 17 similarly similarly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 18 involves involve VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 19 depurination depurination NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 20 followed follow VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 21 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 22 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 23 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 24 dependent dependent JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 25 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 26 turnover turnover NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 27 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 28 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 29 this this DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 30 would would MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 31 provide provide VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 32 compelling compelling JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 33 evidence evidence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 34 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 35 NGD NGD NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 36 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 37 humans human NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 220 38 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 1 Along along IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 2 these these DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 3 lines line NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 4 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 5 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 6 recent recent JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 7 study study NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 8 found find VBD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 9 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 10 reduction reduction NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 11 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 12 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 13 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 14 levels level NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 15 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 16 human human JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 17 T t NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 18 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 19 cell cell NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 20 leukemia leukemia NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 21 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 22 type type NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 23 I -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 25 HTLV HTLV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 26 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 27 I I NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 29 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 30 as as RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 31 well well RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 32 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 33 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 34 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 35 depurination depurination NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 36 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 37 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 38 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 39 cells cell NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 40 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 41 ectopically ectopically RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 42 express express VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 43 PAP pap NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 221 44 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 222 1 73 73 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 223 1 However however RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 223 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 223 3 unlike unlike IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 223 4 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 223 5 situation situation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 223 6 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 223 7 yeast yeast NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 223 8 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 223 9 BMV BMV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 223 10 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 223 11 HTLV HTLV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 223 12 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 223 13 I -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 223 14 RNAs rna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 223 15 were be VBD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 223 16 not not RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 223 17 destabilized destabilize VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 223 18 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 223 19 arguing argue VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 223 20 against against IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 223 21 an an DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 223 22 NGD NGD NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 223 23 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 223 24 like like JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 223 25 mechanism mechanism NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 223 26 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 223 27 suppression suppression NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 223 28 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 2 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 3 noteworthy noteworthy JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 4 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 5 whereas whereas IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 6 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 7 number number NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 8 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 9 N N NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 10 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 11 glycosidases glycosidases NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 12 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 13 depurinate depurinate NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 14 rRNA rRNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 15 have have VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 16 been be VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 17 described describe VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 18 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 19 plants plant NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 20 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 21 74 74 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 22 no no DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 23 such such JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 24 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 25 has have VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 26 been be VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 27 reported report VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 28 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 29 animal animal NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 30 cells cell NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 224 31 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 225 1 In in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 225 2 addition addition NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 225 3 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 225 4 it -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 225 5 will will MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 225 6 be be VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 225 7 important important JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 225 8 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 225 9 elucidate elucidate VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 225 10 which which WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 225 11 features feature NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 225 12 differentiate differentiate VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 225 13 PAP pap NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 225 14 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 225 15 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 225 16 versus versus IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 225 17 non non JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 225 18 - - JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 225 19 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 225 20 RNAs rna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 225 21 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 225 22 light light NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 225 23 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 225 24 potential potential JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 225 25 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 225 26 uses use NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 225 27 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 225 28 PAP pap NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 225 29 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 226 1 In in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 226 2 eukaryotic eukaryotic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 226 3 cells cell NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 226 4 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 226 5 endonucleases endonuclease NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 226 6 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 226 7 critical critical JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 226 8 components component NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 226 9 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 226 10 multiple multiple JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 226 11 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 226 12 quality quality NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 226 13 control control NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 226 14 pathways pathway NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 226 15 but but CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 226 16 may may MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 226 17 not not RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 226 18 be be VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 226 19 major major JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 226 20 participants participant NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 226 21 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 226 22 basal basal NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 226 23 mRNA mrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 226 24 decay decay NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 226 25 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 227 1 However however RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 227 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 227 3 an an DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 227 4 interferon interferon NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 227 5 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 227 6 inducible inducible JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 227 7 riboendonuclease riboendonuclease NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 227 8 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 227 9 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 227 10 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 227 11 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 227 12 has have VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 227 13 important important JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 227 14 roles role NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 227 15 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 227 16 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 227 17 innate innate JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 227 18 immune immune JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 227 19 response response NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 227 20 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 227 21 pathogens pathogen NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 227 22 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 1 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 2 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 3 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 4 activated activate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 5 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 6 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 7 presence presence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 8 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 9 dsRNA dsrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 10 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 11 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 12 non non JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 13 - - JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 14 self self JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 15 species specie NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 16 often often RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 17 present present JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 18 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 19 virally virally RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 20 infected infect VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 21 cells cell NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 23 Figure figure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 24 6 6 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 27 reviewed review VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 28 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 29 Ref Ref NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 30 75 75 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 228 32 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 1 dsRNAs dsrna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 2 stimulate stimulate VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 3 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 4 activity activity NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 5 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 6 2 2 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 7 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 8 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 9 -oligoadenylate -oligoadenylate JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 10 synthetase synthetase NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 12 OAS OAS NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 14 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 15 which which WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 16 produces produce VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 17 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 18 allosteric allosteric JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 19 activator activator NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 20 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 21 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 22 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 23 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 24 2 2 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 25 -5 -5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 26 -oligoadenylate -oligoadenylate : cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 28 2 2 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 29 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 30 5A 5a CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 229 32 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 230 1 Activated activate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 230 2 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 230 3 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 230 4 cleaves cleave VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 230 5 at at IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 230 6 UU UU NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 230 7 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 230 8 UA UA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 230 9 dinucleotides dinucleotide VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 230 10 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 230 11 contributes contribute VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 230 12 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 230 13 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 230 14 host host NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 230 15 defense defense NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 230 16 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 230 17 destroying destroy VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 230 18 not not RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 230 19 only only RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 230 20 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 230 21 RNAs rna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 230 22 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 230 23 but but CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 230 24 also also RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 230 25 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 230 26 mRNAs mrnas XX cord-271972-qhr6iir6 231 1 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 231 2 rRNAs rRNAs . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 232 1 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 232 2 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 232 3 needed need VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 232 4 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 232 5 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 232 6 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 232 7 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 232 8 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 232 9 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 232 10 stimulating stimulate VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 232 11 apoptosis apoptosis NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 232 12 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 1 In in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 2 addition addition NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 3 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 4 cleavage cleavage NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 5 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 6 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 7 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 8 liberates liberate VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 9 small small JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 10 dsRNA dsrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 11 species specie NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 12 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 13 activate activate VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 14 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 15 pattern pattern NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 16 recognition recognition NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 17 receptors receptor NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 18 RIG rig NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 19 - - : cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 20 I I NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 21 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 22 Mda-5 Mda-5 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 23 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 24 leading lead VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 25 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 26 IFN IFN NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 27 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 28 β β NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 29 production production NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 30 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 31 amplification amplification NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 32 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 33 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 34 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 35 interferon interferon NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 36 response response NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 233 37 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 1 76 76 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 2 dsRNA dsrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 3 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 4 most most RBS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 5 often often RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 6 found find VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 7 upon upon IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 8 infection infection NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 9 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 10 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 11 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 12 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 13 produce produce VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 14 dsRNA dsrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 15 intermediates intermediate NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 16 during during IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 17 genome genome NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 18 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 19 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 20 although although IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 21 dsDNA dsdna JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 22 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 23 can can MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 24 also also RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 25 produce produce VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 26 dsRNA dsrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 27 due due IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 28 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 29 annealing anneal VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 30 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 31 complementary complementary JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 32 RNAs rna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 33 transcribed transcribe VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 34 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 35 opposite opposite JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 36 strands strand NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 37 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 38 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 39 genome genome NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 234 40 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 1 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 2 L l NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 3 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 4 deficient deficient JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 5 cells cell NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 6 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 7 mice mouse NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 8 thus thus RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 9 exhibit exhibit VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 10 increased increase VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 11 susceptibility susceptibility NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 12 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 13 infection infection NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 14 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 15 several several JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 16 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 18 reviewed review VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 19 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 20 Ref Ref NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 21 75 75 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 23 including include VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 24 encephalomyocarditis encephalomyocarditis NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 25 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 26 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 27 77 77 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 28 SINV SINV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 29 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 30 78 78 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 31 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 32 Coxsackievirus Coxsackievirus NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 33 B4 B4 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 235 34 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 236 1 79 79 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 2 has have VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 3 also also RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 4 been be VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 5 proposed propose VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 6 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 7 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 8 human human JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 9 reduction reduction NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 10 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 11 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 12 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 13 function function NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 14 mutation mutation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 15 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 16 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 17 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 18 renders render VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 19 individuals individual NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 20 more more RBR cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 21 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 22 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 23 xenotropic xenotropic NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 24 murine murine JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 25 leukemia leukemia NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 26 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 27 related relate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 28 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 29 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 30 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 31 retrovirus retrovirus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 32 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 33 has have VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 34 been be VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 35 linked link VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 36 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 37 prostate prostate NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 38 cancer cancer NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 39 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 40 chronic chronic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 41 fatigue fatigue NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 42 syndrome syndrome NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 237 43 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 1 80 80 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 3 81 81 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 4 A a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 5 recent recent JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 6 report report NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 7 has have VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 8 shown show VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 9 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 10 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 11 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 12 absence absence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 13 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 14 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 15 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 16 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 17 mice mouse NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 18 infected infect VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 19 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 20 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 21 neurotropic neurotropic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 22 demyelinating demyelinating NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 23 strain strain NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 24 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 25 mouse mouse NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 26 hepatitis hepatitis NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 27 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 29 MHV MHV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 31 succumb succumb VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 32 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 33 CNS CNS NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 34 encephalomyelitis encephalomyelitis NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 238 35 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 239 1 82 82 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 1 Notably notably RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 3 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 4 infected infected JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 5 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 6 L-/-mice L-/-mice NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 7 did do VBD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 8 not not RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 9 exhibit exhibit VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 10 increased increase VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 11 neuronal neuronal JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 12 infection infection NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 13 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 14 interferon interferon NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 15 induction induction NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 16 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 17 or or CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 18 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 19 titers titer NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 20 ; ; : cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 21 mortality mortality NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 22 upon upon IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 23 infection infection NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 24 correlated correlate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 25 instead instead RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 26 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 27 advanced advanced JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 28 demyelination demyelination NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 29 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 30 CNS cns JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 31 tissue tissue NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 32 damage damage NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 240 33 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 241 1 Thus thus RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 241 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 241 3 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 241 4 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 241 5 somehow somehow RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 241 6 prevents prevent VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 241 7 extended extend VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 241 8 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 241 9 sustained sustain VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 241 10 CNS CNS NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 241 11 tropism tropism NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 241 12 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 241 13 MHV MHV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 241 14 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 242 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 242 2 dramatic dramatic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 242 3 effects effect NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 242 4 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 242 5 such such JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 242 6 subtle subtle JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 242 7 tropism tropism NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 242 8 alterations alteration NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 242 9 highlight highlight VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 242 10 both both CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 242 11 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 242 12 diversity diversity NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 242 13 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 242 14 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 242 15 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 242 16 functions function NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 242 17 as as RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 242 18 well well RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 242 19 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 242 20 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 242 21 complex complex JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 242 22 interactions interaction NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 242 23 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 242 24 infecting infect VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 242 25 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 242 26 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 1 Not not RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 2 surprisingly surprisingly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 3 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 4 many many JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 5 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 6 have have VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 7 evolved evolve VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 8 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 9 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 10 blunt blunt VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 11 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 12 activation activation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 13 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 14 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 15 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 16 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 17 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 18 such such JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 19 inactivation inactivation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 20 occurs occur VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 21 at at IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 22 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 23 variety variety NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 24 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 25 different different JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 26 steps step NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 27 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 28 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 29 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 30 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 31 pathway pathway NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 33 Figure Figure NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 34 6 6 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 243 36 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 244 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 244 2 NS1 ns1 NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 244 3 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 244 4 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 244 5 influenza influenza NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 244 6 A a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 244 7 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 244 8 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 244 9 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 244 10 example example NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 244 11 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 244 12 acts act VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 244 13 at at IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 244 14 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 244 15 very very RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 244 16 early early JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 244 17 step step NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 244 18 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 244 19 coating coat VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 244 20 dsRNA dsRNA NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 244 21 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 244 22 thereby thereby RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 244 23 preventing prevent VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 244 24 these these DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 244 25 species specie NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 244 26 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 244 27 activating activate VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 244 28 OAS OAS NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 244 29 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 245 1 83 83 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 245 2 potently potently RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 245 3 induces induce VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 245 4 2 2 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 245 5 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 245 6 5A 5a CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 245 7 production production NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 245 8 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 245 9 but but CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 245 10 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 245 11 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 245 12 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 245 13 activation activation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 245 14 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 245 15 blocked block VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 245 16 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 246 1 75 75 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 246 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 246 3 85 85 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 246 4 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 246 5 86 86 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 1 In in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 2 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 3 case case NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 4 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 5 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 6 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 7 it -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 8 appears appear VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 9 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 10 this this DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 11 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 12 accomplished accomplish VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 13 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 14 somehow somehow RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 15 decreasing decrease VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 16 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 17 affinity affinity NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 18 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 19 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 20 L l NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 21 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 22 2 2 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 23 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 24 5A 5a NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 26 reviewed review VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 27 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 28 Ref Ref NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 29 85 85 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 247 31 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 248 1 Some some DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 248 2 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 248 3 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 248 4 like like IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 248 5 HCV HCV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 248 6 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 248 7 PV PV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 248 8 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 248 9 do do VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 248 10 not not RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 248 11 block block VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 248 12 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 248 13 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 248 14 activation activation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 248 15 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 248 16 but but CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 248 17 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 248 18 RNAs rna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 248 19 still still RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 248 20 escape escape VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 248 21 degradation degradation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 248 22 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 248 23 this this DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 248 24 endonuclease endonuclease NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 248 25 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 2 has have VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 3 been be VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 4 shown show VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 5 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 6 select select JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 7 genotypes genotype NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 8 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 9 HCV HCV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 10 avoid avoid VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 11 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 12 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 13 cleavage cleavage NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 14 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 15 suppressing suppress VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 16 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 17 frequency frequency NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 18 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 19 UU UU NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 20 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 21 UA UA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 22 sequences sequence NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 23 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 24 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 25 genome genome NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 26 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 27 perhaps perhaps RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 28 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 29 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 30 consequence consequence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 31 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 32 selective selective JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 33 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 34 pressure pressure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 249 35 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 250 1 87 87 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 250 2 HCV HCV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 250 3 genotypes genotype NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 250 4 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 250 5 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 250 6 human human JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 250 7 population population NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 250 8 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 250 9 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 250 10 less less RBR cord-271972-qhr6iir6 250 11 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 250 12 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 250 13 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 250 14 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 250 15 also also RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 250 16 show show VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 250 17 increased increase VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 250 18 interferon interferon NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 250 19 resistance resistance NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 250 20 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 251 1 87 87 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 1 Conversely conversely RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 3 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 4 PV PV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 5 genome genome NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 6 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 7 very very RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 8 UU UU NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 9 / / SYM cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 10 UA UA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 11 rich rich JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 12 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 13 but but CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 14 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 15 still still RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 16 surprisingly surprisingly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 17 resistant resistant JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 18 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 19 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 20 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 21 cleavage cleavage NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 22 because because IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 23 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 24 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 25 structural structural JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 26 element element NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 27 present present JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 28 within within IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 29 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 30 PV PV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 31 RNA2 RNA2 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 32 ORF ORF NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 252 33 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 253 1 88 88 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 254 1 This this DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 254 2 element element NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 254 3 functions function VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 254 4 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 254 5 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 254 6 competitive competitive JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 254 7 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 254 8 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 254 9 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 254 10 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 254 11 thereby thereby RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 254 12 directly directly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 254 13 blocking block VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 254 14 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 254 15 enzymatic enzymatic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 254 16 activity activity NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 254 17 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 255 1 89 89 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 2 role role NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 3 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 4 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 5 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 6 inhibition inhibition NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 7 during during IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 8 PV PV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 9 infection infection NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 10 remains remain VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 11 unclear unclear JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 12 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 13 however however RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 14 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 15 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 16 PV pv NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 17 carrying carrying NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 18 mutations mutation NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 19 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 20 prevent prevent VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 21 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 22 formation formation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 23 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 24 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 25 inhibitory inhibitory JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 26 structural structural JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 27 element element NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 28 replicate replicate VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 29 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 30 wild wild JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 31 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 32 type type NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 33 levels level NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 34 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 35 cell cell NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 36 culture culture NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 37 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 38 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 39 do do VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 40 not not RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 41 exhibit exhibit VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 42 increased increase VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 43 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 44 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 45 interferon interferon NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 256 46 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 257 1 88 88 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 258 1 Although although IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 258 2 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 258 3 above above JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 258 4 examples example NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 258 5 highlight highlight VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 258 6 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 258 7 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 258 8 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 258 9 an an DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 258 10 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 258 11 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 258 12 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 258 13 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 258 14 some some DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 258 15 cases case NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 258 16 it -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 258 17 may may MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 258 18 facilitate facilitate VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 258 19 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 258 20 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 258 21 and/or and/or CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 258 22 dissemination dissemination NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 258 23 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 1 For for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 2 example example NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 3 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 4 PV PV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 5 forms form VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 6 larger large JJR cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 7 plaques plaque NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 8 if if IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 9 cultured culture VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 10 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 11 cells cell NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 12 overexpressing overexpresse VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 13 wild wild JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 14 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 15 type type NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 16 RNase rnase NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 17 L l NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 18 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 19 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 20 smaller small JJR cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 21 plaques plaque NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 22 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 23 cells cell NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 24 overexpressing overexpresse VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 25 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 26 dominant dominant JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 27 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 28 negative negative JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 29 form form NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 30 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 31 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 32 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 259 33 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 260 1 88 88 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 261 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 261 2 has have VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 261 3 been be VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 261 4 hypothesized hypothesize VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 261 5 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 261 6 PV PV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 261 7 selectively selectively RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 261 8 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 261 9 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 261 10 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 261 11 early early RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 261 12 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 261 13 infection infection NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 261 14 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 261 15 but but CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 261 16 then then RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 261 17 uses use VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 261 18 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 261 19 L l NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 261 20 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 261 21 induced induce VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 261 22 apoptosis apoptosis NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 261 23 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 261 24 enhance enhance VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 261 25 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 261 26 release release NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 261 27 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 261 28 spread spread VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 261 29 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 262 1 Mammalian mammalian JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 262 2 reoviruses reovirus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 262 3 may may MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 262 4 subvert subvert VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 262 5 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 262 6 host host NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 262 7 shutoff shutoff NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 262 8 activity activity NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 262 9 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 262 10 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 262 11 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 262 12 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 262 13 dispose dispose VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 262 14 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 262 15 cellular cellular NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 262 16 mRNAs mrna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 262 17 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 262 18 clear clear VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 262 19 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 262 20 gene gene NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 262 21 expression expression NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 262 22 machinery machinery NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 262 23 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 262 24 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 262 25 use use NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 262 26 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 1 90 90 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 2 Replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 3 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 4 both both CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 5 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 6 Jones Jones NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 7 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 8 Dearing Dearing NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 9 reovirus reovirus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 10 strains strain NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 11 was be VBD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 12 reduced reduce VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 13 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 14 ∼1 ∼1 NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 15 log log VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 16 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 17 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 18 L l NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 19 knockout knockout NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 20 relative relative NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 21 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 22 wild wild JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 23 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 24 type type NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 25 mouse mouse NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 26 embryo embryo NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 27 fibroblasts fibroblast NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 28 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 29 supporting support VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 30 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 31 idea idea NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 32 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 33 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 34 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 35 partially partially RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 36 co co VBD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 37 - - NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 38 opts opt VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 39 this this DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 40 pathway pathway NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 41 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 42 facilitate facilitate VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 43 infection infection NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 263 44 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 264 1 90 90 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 265 1 Interestingly interestingly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 265 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 265 3 minimal minimal JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 265 4 degradation degradation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 265 5 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 265 6 rRNAs rrna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 265 7 was be VBD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 265 8 observed observe VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 265 9 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 265 10 suggesting suggest VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 265 11 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 265 12 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 265 13 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 265 14 may may MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 265 15 not not RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 265 16 act act VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 265 17 indiscriminately indiscriminately RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 265 18 as as RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 265 19 originally originally RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 265 20 thought think VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 265 21 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 265 22 but but CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 265 23 rather rather RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 265 24 target target VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 265 25 specific specific JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 265 26 sequences sequence NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 265 27 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 266 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 266 2 91 91 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 266 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 266 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 266 5 92 92 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 266 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 267 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 267 2 93 93 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 267 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 2 mechanism mechanism NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 3 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 4 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 5 escape escape NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 6 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 7 these these DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 8 pathways pathway NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 9 remains remain VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 10 unknown unknown JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 11 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 12 although although IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 13 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 14 reovirus reovirus NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 15 σ σ NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 16 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 17 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 18 has have VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 19 been be VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 20 proposed propose VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 21 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 22 coat coat VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 23 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 24 dsRNAs dsRNAs NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 25 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 26 thereby thereby RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 27 selectively selectively RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 28 inhibiting inhibit VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 29 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 30 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 31 activation activation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 32 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 33 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 34 locales locale NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 35 where where WRB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 36 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 37 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 38 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 39 occurs occur VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 40 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 41 i.e. i.e. FW cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 42 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 43 ' ' '' cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 44 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 45 factories factory NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 46 ' ' '' cord-271972-qhr6iir6 268 47 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 269 1 94 94 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 1 However however RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 4 should should MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 5 be be VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 6 noted note VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 7 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 8 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 9 results result NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 10 mentioned mention VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 11 above above IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 12 contrast contrast NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 13 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 14 earlier early JJR cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 15 findings finding NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 16 implicating implicate VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 17 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 18 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 19 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 20 restricting restrict VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 21 reovirus reovirus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 22 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 23 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 24 which which WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 25 may may MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 26 be be VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 27 due due JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 28 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 29 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 30 use use NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 31 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 32 different different JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 33 cell cell NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 34 types type NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 35 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 36 these these DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 37 studies study NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 270 38 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 271 1 95 95 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 271 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 271 3 96 96 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 271 4 _SP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 272 1 In in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 272 2 addition addition NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 272 3 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 272 4 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 272 5 examples example NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 272 6 highlighted highlight VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 272 7 herein herein RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 272 8 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 272 9 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 272 10 many many JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 272 11 other other JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 272 12 cases case NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 272 13 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 272 14 infection infection NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 272 15 presumably presumably RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 272 16 leads lead VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 272 17 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 272 18 robust robust JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 272 19 engagement engagement NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 272 20 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 272 21 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 272 22 mRNA mrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 272 23 turnover turnover NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 272 24 machinery machinery NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 272 25 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 1 For for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 2 example example NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 3 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 4 several several JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 5 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 6 remove remove VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 7 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 8 7-methylguanosine 7-methylguanosine CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 9 caps cap NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 10 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 11 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 12 mRNAs mRNAs NNPS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 13 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 14 prevent prevent VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 15 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 16 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 17 mRNA mrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 18 splicing splicing NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 19 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 20 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 21 processing processing NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 22 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 23 or or CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 24 polyadenylation polyadenylation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 25 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 26 or or CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 27 directly directly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 28 cleave cleave VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 29 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 30 messages message NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 273 31 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 274 1 27 27 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 274 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 274 3 46 46 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 274 4 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 274 5 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 274 6 97 97 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 274 7 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 274 8 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 274 9 98 98 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 274 10 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 274 11 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 274 12 99 99 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 274 13 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 275 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 275 2 100 100 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 275 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 276 1 Presumably presumably RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 276 2 these these DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 276 3 events event NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 276 4 lead lead VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 276 5 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 276 6 destruction destruction NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 276 7 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 276 8 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 276 9 impaired impaired JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 276 10 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 276 11 transcripts transcript NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 276 12 through through IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 276 13 both both CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 276 14 basal basal NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 276 15 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 276 16 quality quality NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 276 17 control control NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 276 18 machinery machinery NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 276 19 operating operate VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 276 20 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 276 21 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 276 22 nucleus nucleus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 276 23 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 276 24 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 276 25 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 276 26 cytoplasm cytoplasm NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 276 27 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 277 1 Such such JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 277 2 elevated elevated JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 277 3 global global JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 277 4 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 277 5 degradation degradation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 277 6 may may MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 277 7 overload overload VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 277 8 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 277 9 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 277 10 turnover turnover NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 277 11 machinery machinery NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 277 12 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 277 13 potentially potentially RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 277 14 indirectly indirectly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 277 15 stabilizing stabilize VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 277 16 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 277 17 transcripts transcript NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 277 18 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 278 1 Aside aside RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 278 2 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 278 3 affecting affect VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 278 4 global global JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 278 5 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 278 6 levels level NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 278 7 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 278 8 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 278 9 can can MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 278 10 also also RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 278 11 selectively selectively RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 278 12 alter alter VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 278 13 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 278 14 stability stability NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 278 15 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 278 16 specific specific JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 278 17 messages message NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 278 18 through through IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 278 19 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 278 20 induction induction NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 278 21 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 278 22 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 278 23 signaling signal VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 278 24 pathways pathway NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 278 25 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 1 For for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 2 example example NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 3 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 4 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 5 activation activation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 6 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 7 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 8 MK2 MK2 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 9 / / SYM cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 10 p38 p38 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 11 pathway pathway NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 12 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 13 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 14 kaposin kaposin NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 15 B B NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 16 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 17 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 18 KSHV KSHV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 19 leads lead VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 20 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 21 stabilization stabilization NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 22 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 23 cytokine cytokine NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 24 mRNAs mrna VBD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 25 bearing bear VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 26 AU AU NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 27 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 28 rich rich JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 29 elements element NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 30 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 31 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 32 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 33 UTRs utr NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 279 34 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 280 1 101 101 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 281 1 In in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 281 2 these these DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 281 3 cases case NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 281 4 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 281 5 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 281 6 manipulation manipulation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 281 7 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 281 8 select select JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 281 9 transcript transcript NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 281 10 stability stability NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 281 11 likely likely RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 281 12 has have VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 281 13 important important JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 281 14 consequences consequence NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 281 15 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 281 16 overall overall JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 281 17 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 281 18 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 282 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 282 2 understanding understanding NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 282 3 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 282 4 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 282 5 multitude multitude NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 282 6 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 282 7 ways way NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 282 8 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 282 9 which which WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 282 10 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 282 11 either either CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 282 12 commandeer commandeer VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 282 13 or or CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 282 14 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 282 15 controlled control VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 282 16 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 282 17 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 282 18 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 282 19 turnover turnover NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 282 20 pathways pathway NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 282 21 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 282 22 constantly constantly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 282 23 evolving evolve VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 282 24 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 282 25 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 282 26 far far RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 282 27 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 282 28 complete complete JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 282 29 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 283 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 283 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 283 3 many many JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 283 4 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 283 5 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 283 6 pathways pathway NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 283 7 governing govern VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 283 8 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 283 9 mRNA mrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 283 10 decay decay NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 283 11 remain remain VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 283 12 incompletely incompletely RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 283 13 understood understand VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 283 14 even even RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 283 15 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 283 16 uninfected uninfected JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 283 17 cells cell NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 283 18 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 283 19 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 283 20 new new JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 283 21 components component NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 283 22 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 283 23 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 283 24 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 283 25 constantly constantly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 283 26 described describe VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 283 27 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 1 Thus thus RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 2 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 3 as as IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 4 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 5 many many JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 6 other other JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 7 fields field NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 8 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 9 biology biology NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 10 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 11 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 12 will will MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 13 continue continue VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 14 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 15 be be VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 16 invaluable invaluable JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 17 tools tool NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 18 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 19 revealing reveal VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 20 key key JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 21 modulators modulator NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 22 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 23 mRNA mrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 24 stability stability NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 25 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 26 destruction destruction NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 27 both both DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 28 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 29 normal normal JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 30 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 31 pathogenic pathogenic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 32 states state NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 284 33 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 285 1 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 285 2 quality quality NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 285 3 control control NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 285 4 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 285 5 eukaryotes eukaryote NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 286 1 Multifunctional Multifunctional NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 286 2 deadenylase deadenylase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 286 3 complexes complex NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 286 4 diversify diversify VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 286 5 mRNA mrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 287 1 control control NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 288 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 288 2 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 288 3 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 288 4 control control NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 288 5 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 288 6 eukaryotic eukaryotic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 288 7 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 288 8 turnover turnover NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 289 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 289 2 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 289 3 untranslated untranslated JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 289 4 region region NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 289 5 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 289 6 sindbis sindbis NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 289 7 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 289 8 represses repress VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 289 9 deadenylation deadenylation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 289 10 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 289 11 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 289 12 transcripts transcript NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 289 13 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 289 14 mosquito mosquito NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 289 15 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 289 16 Mammalian mammalian JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 289 17 cells cell NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 1 A a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 2 Kaposi Kaposi NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 3 's 's POS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 4 sarcoma sarcoma NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 5 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 6 RNA rna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 7 element element NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 8 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 9 increases increase VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 10 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 11 nuclear nuclear JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 12 abundance abundance NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 13 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 14 intronless intronless NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 15 transcripts transcript NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 16 Identification Identification NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 17 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 18 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 19 rapid rapid JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 20 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 21 deadenylationdependent deadenylationdependent NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 22 decay decay NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 23 pathway pathway NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 24 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 25 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 26 inhibition inhibition NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 27 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 28 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 29 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 30 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 31 element element NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 32 Mutational Mutational NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 33 analysis analysis NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 34 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 35 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 36 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 37 RNA rna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 38 element element NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 39 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 40 counteracts counteract VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 41 rapid rapid JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 42 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 43 decay decay NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 44 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 45 interaction interaction NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 46 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 47 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 48 polyadenylate polyadenylate NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 290 49 tail tail NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 291 1 An an DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 291 2 essential essential JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 291 3 component component NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 291 4 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 291 5 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 291 6 decapping decapping NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 291 7 enzyme enzyme NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 291 8 required require VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 291 9 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 291 10 normal normal JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 291 11 rates rate NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 291 12 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 291 13 mRNA mrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 291 14 turnover turnover NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 292 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 292 2 DCP2 DCP2 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 292 3 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 292 4 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 292 5 required require VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 292 6 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 292 7 mRNA mrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 292 8 decapping decappe VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 292 9 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 292 10 Saccharomyces Saccharomyces NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 292 11 cerevisiae cerevisiae NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 292 12 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 292 13 contains contain VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 292 14 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 292 15 functional functional JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 292 16 MutT MutT NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 292 17 motif motif NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 292 18 Yeast Yeast NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 292 19 Sm Sm NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 292 20 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 292 21 like like JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 292 22 proteins protein NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 292 23 function function VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 292 24 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 292 25 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 292 26 decapping decapping NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 292 27 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 292 28 decay decay VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 293 1 Targeting target VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 293 2 an an DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 293 3 mRNA mrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 293 4 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 293 5 decapping decapping NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 293 6 : : : cord-271972-qhr6iir6 293 7 displacement displacement NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 293 8 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 293 9 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 293 10 factors factor NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 293 11 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 293 12 association association NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 293 13 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 293 14 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 293 15 Lsm1p-7p Lsm1p-7p NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 293 16 complex complex NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 293 17 on on IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 293 18 deadenylated deadenylate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 293 19 yeast yeast NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 294 1 mRNAs mRNAs . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 295 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 295 2 two two CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 295 3 proteins protein NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 295 4 Pat1p pat1p JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 295 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 295 6 Mrt1p Mrt1p NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 295 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 295 8 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 295 9 Spb8p Spb8p NNPS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 295 10 interact interact VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 295 11 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 295 12 vivo vivo NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 295 13 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 295 14 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 295 15 required require VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 295 16 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 295 17 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 295 18 decay decay NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 295 19 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 295 20 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 295 21 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 295 22 functionally functionally RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 295 23 linked link VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 295 24 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 295 25 Pab1p Pab1p NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 296 1 A a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 296 2 Sm sm NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 296 3 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 296 4 like like JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 296 5 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 296 6 complex complex NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 296 7 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 296 8 participates participate VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 296 9 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 296 10 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 296 11 degradation degradation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 2 DEAD dead JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 3 box box NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 4 helicase helicase NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 5 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 6 Dhh1p Dhh1p NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 7 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 8 functions function NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 9 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 10 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 11 decapping decapping NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 12 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 13 interacts interact VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 14 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 15 both both CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 16 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 17 decapping decapping NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 18 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 19 deadenylase deadenylase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 20 complexes complex NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 21 Identification identification NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 22 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 23 characterization characterization NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 24 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 25 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 26 host host NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 27 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 28 required require VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 29 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 30 efficient efficient JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 31 template template NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 32 selection selection NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 33 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 34 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 35 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 36 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 37 Host Host NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 38 deadenylation deadenylation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 39 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 40 dependent dependent JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 41 mRNA mrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 42 decapping decapping NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 43 factors factor NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 44 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 45 required require VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 46 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 47 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 48 key key JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 49 step step NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 50 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 51 brome brome NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 52 mosaic mosaic NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 53 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 54 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 55 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 56 Yeast Yeast NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 57 Lsm1p-7p Lsm1p-7p NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 58 / / SYM cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 59 Pat1p pat1p CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 60 dead dead JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 61 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 62 enylation enylation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 63 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 64 dependent dependent JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 65 mRNAdecapping mrnadecapping NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 66 factors factor NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 67 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 68 required require VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 69 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 70 brome brome NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 71 mosaic mosaic NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 72 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 73 genomic genomic NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 74 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 75 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 76 Translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 77 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 78 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 79 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 80 hepatitis hepatitis NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 81 C C NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 82 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 83 genomic genomic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 84 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 85 depends depend VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 86 on on IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 87 ancient ancient JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 88 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 89 proteins protein NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 90 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 91 control control VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 92 mRNA mrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 93 fates fate NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 94 Interactions Interactions NNPS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 95 between between IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 96 brome brome NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 97 mosaic mosaic NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 98 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 99 RNAs rna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 100 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 101 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 102 processing processing NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 103 bodies body NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 104 P p NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 105 bodies body NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 106 : : : cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 107 at at IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 108 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 109 crossroads crossroad NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 110 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 111 post post JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 112 - - JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 113 transcriptional transcriptional JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 114 pathways pathway NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 115 P p NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 116 bodies body NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 117 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 118 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 119 control control NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 120 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 121 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 122 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 123 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 124 degradation degradation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 125 Stress stress NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 126 granules granule NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 127 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 128 processing processing NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 129 bodies body NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 130 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 131 dynamically dynamically RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 132 linked link VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 133 sites site NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 134 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 135 mRNP mRNP `` cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 136 remodeling remodel VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 137 Deadenylation Deadenylation NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 138 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 139 prerequisite prerequisite JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 140 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 141 P p NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 142 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 143 body body NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 144 formation formation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 145 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 146 mRNA mrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 147 decay decay NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 148 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 149 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 150 cells cell NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 151 Discontinuous discontinuous JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 152 transcription transcription NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 153 or or CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 154 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 155 processing processing NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 156 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 157 vaccinia vaccinia NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 158 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 159 late late JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 160 messengers messenger NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 161 results result VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 162 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 163 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 164 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 165 poly(A poly(a NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 297 166 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 1 leader leader NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 2 Lsm Lsm NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 3 proteins protein NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 4 bind bind VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 5 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 6 stabilize stabilize VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 7 RNAs rna NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 8 containing contain VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 9 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 10 poly(A poly(a JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 12 tracts tract NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 13 Characterization characterization NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 14 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 15 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 16 vaccinia vaccinia NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 17 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 18 mutant mutant JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 19 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 20 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 21 deletion deletion NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 22 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 23 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 24 D10R d10r NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 25 gene gene NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 26 encoding encode VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 27 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 28 putative putative JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 29 negative negative JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 30 regulator regulator NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 31 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 32 gene gene NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 298 33 expression expression NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 1 Vaccinia vaccinia NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 2 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 3 D10 D10 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 4 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 5 has have VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 6 mRNA mrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 7 decapping decapping NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 8 activity activity NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 9 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 10 providing provide VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 11 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 12 mechanism mechanism NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 13 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 14 control control NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 15 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 16 host host NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 17 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 18 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 19 gene gene NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 20 expression expression NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 21 Down down IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 22 regulation regulation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 23 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 24 gene gene NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 25 expression expression NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 26 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 27 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 28 vaccinia vaccinia NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 29 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 30 D10 D10 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 31 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 32 Chromosomal chromosomal JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 33 superkiller superkiller NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 34 mutants mutant NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 35 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 36 Saccharomyces saccharomyce NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 37 cerevisiae cerevisiae VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 38 Suppression suppression NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 39 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 40 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 41 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 42 recombination recombination NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 43 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 44 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 45 host host NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 46 exoribonuclease exoribonuclease NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 47 Silencing silencing NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 48 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 49 Nicotiana Nicotiana NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 299 50 benthamiana benthamiana NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 300 1 Xrn4p Xrn4p NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 300 2 exoribonuclease exoribonuclease NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 300 3 promotes promote VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 300 4 tombusvirus tombusvirus NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 300 5 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 300 6 accumulation accumulation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 300 7 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 300 8 recombination recombination NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 300 9 Virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 300 10 evolution evolution NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 301 1 20S 20S NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 301 2 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 301 3 narnavirus narnavirus NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 301 4 defies defy VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 301 5 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 301 6 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 301 7 activity activity NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 301 8 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 301 9 SKI1 SKI1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 301 10 / / SYM cord-271972-qhr6iir6 301 11 XRN1 XRN1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 301 12 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 301 13 Saccharomyces Saccharomyces NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 301 14 cerevisiae cerevisiae VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 301 15 Poly(rC poly(rc CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 301 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 302 1 binding bind VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 302 2 proteins protein NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 302 3 mediate mediate VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 302 4 poliovirus poliovirus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 302 5 mRNA mrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 302 6 stability stability NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 302 7 Poly(rC poly(rc CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 302 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 303 1 binding bind VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 303 2 proteins protein NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 303 3 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 303 4 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 303 5 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 303 6 cloverleaf cloverleaf NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 303 7 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 304 1 uncapped uncapped JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 304 2 poliovirus poliovirus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 304 3 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 304 4 function function NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 304 5 during during IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 304 6 de de NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 304 7 novo novo NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 304 8 assembly assembly NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 304 9 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 304 10 polysomes polysomes NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 304 11 Application Application NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 304 12 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 304 13 genome genome NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 304 14 sequence sequence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 304 15 information information NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 304 16 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 304 17 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 304 18 classification classification NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 304 19 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 304 20 bovine bovine JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 304 21 enteroviruses enterovirus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 304 22 : : : cord-271972-qhr6iir6 304 23 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 304 24 importance importance NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 304 25 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 304 26 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 304 27 -and -and SYM cord-271972-qhr6iir6 304 28 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 304 29 -nontranslated -nontranslated JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 304 30 regions region NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 305 1 A a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 305 2 highly highly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 305 3 structured structure VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 305 4 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 305 5 nucleaseresistant nucleaseresistant NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 305 6 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 305 7 noncoding noncoding NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 305 8 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 305 9 produced produce VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 305 10 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 305 11 flaviviruses flavivirus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 305 12 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 305 13 required require VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 305 14 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 305 15 pathogenicity pathogenicity NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 2 exosome exosome NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 3 : : : cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 4 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 5 multipurpose multipurpose JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 6 RNA rna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 7 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 8 decay decay NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 9 machine machine NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 10 Inhibition inhibition NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 11 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 12 retroviral retroviral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 13 RNA rna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 14 production production NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 15 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 16 ZAP ZAP NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 17 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 18 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 19 CCCH CCCH NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 20 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 21 type type NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 22 zinc zinc NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 23 finger finger NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 24 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 25 Expression expression NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 26 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 27 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 28 zinc zinc NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 29 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 30 finger finger NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 31 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 306 32 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 307 1 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 307 2 alphavirus alphavirus NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 307 3 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 307 4 Inhibition inhibition NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 307 5 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 307 6 filovirus filovirus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 307 7 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 307 8 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 307 9 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 307 10 zinc zinc NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 307 11 finger finger NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 307 12 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 307 13 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 308 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 308 2 zinc zinc NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 308 3 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 308 4 finger finger NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 308 5 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 308 6 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 308 7 recruits recruit VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 308 8 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 308 9 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 308 10 processing processing NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 308 11 exosome exosome NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 308 12 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 308 13 degrade degrade VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 308 14 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 308 15 target target NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 309 1 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 310 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 310 2 zinc zinc NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 310 3 finger finger NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 310 4 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 310 5 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 310 6 directly directly RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 310 7 binds bind VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 310 8 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 310 9 specific specific JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 310 10 viral viral NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 310 11 mRNAs mrnas TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 310 12 through through IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 310 13 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 310 14 CCCH CCCH NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 310 15 zinc zinc NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 310 16 finger finger NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 310 17 motifs motif NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 311 1 Lytic lytic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 311 2 KSHV KSHV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 311 3 infection infection NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 311 4 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 311 5 host host NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 311 6 gene gene NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 311 7 expression expression NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 311 8 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 311 9 accelerating accelerate VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 311 10 global global JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 311 11 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 311 12 turnover turnover NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 311 13 Herpes Herpes NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 311 14 simplex simplex NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 311 15 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 311 16 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 311 17 infected infect VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 311 18 cells cell NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 311 19 contain contain VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 311 20 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 311 21 function(s function(s NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 311 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 311 23 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 311 24 destabilizes destabilize VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 311 25 both both DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 311 26 host host NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 311 27 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 311 28 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 312 1 mRNAs mRNAs . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 313 1 Aberrant aberrant JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 313 2 herpesvirusinduced herpesvirusinduced JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 313 3 polyadenylation polyadenylation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 313 4 correlates correlate VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 313 5 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 313 6 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 313 7 messenger messenger NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 313 8 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 314 1 destruction destruction NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 314 2 Severe severe JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 314 3 acute acute JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 314 4 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 314 5 syndrome syndrome NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 314 6 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 314 7 nsp1 nsp1 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 314 8 suppresses suppress VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 314 9 host host NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 314 10 gene gene NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 314 11 expression expression NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 314 12 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 314 13 including include VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 314 14 that that DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 314 15 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 314 16 type type NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 315 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 315 2 interferon interferon VBD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 315 3 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 315 4 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 315 5 infected infected JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 315 6 cells cell NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 315 7 Suppression Suppression NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 315 8 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 315 9 host host NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 315 10 gene gene NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 315 11 expression expression NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 315 12 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 315 13 nsp1 nsp1 NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 315 14 proteins protein NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 315 15 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 315 16 group group NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 315 17 2 2 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 315 18 bat bat NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 315 19 coronaviruses coronaviruse VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 315 20 Recognition recognition NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 315 21 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 315 22 elimination elimination NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 315 23 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 315 24 nonsense nonsense NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 316 1 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 317 1 SMG6 SMG6 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 317 2 promotes promote VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 317 3 endonucleolytic endonucleolytic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 317 4 cleavage cleavage NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 317 5 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 317 6 nonsense nonsense NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 318 1 mRNA mrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 318 2 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 318 3 human human JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 318 4 cells cell NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 319 1 Izaurralde Izaurralde NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 319 2 E. E. NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 319 3 SMG6 SMG6 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 319 4 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 319 5 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 319 6 catalytic catalytic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 319 7 endonuclease endonuclease NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 319 8 that that WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 319 9 cleaves cleave VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 319 10 mRNAs mrnas XX cord-271972-qhr6iir6 319 11 containing contain VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 319 12 nonsense nonsense NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 319 13 codons codon NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 319 14 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 319 15 metazoan metazoan NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 319 16 Quality Quality NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 319 17 control control NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 319 18 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 319 19 eukaryotic eukaryotic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 319 20 mRNA mrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 319 21 : : : cord-271972-qhr6iir6 319 22 safeguarding safeguard VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 319 23 cells cell NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 319 24 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 319 25 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 319 26 mRNA mrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 319 27 function function NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 320 1 At at RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 320 2 least least RBS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 320 3 one one CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 320 4 intron intron NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 320 5 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 320 6 required require VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 320 7 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 320 8 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 320 9 nonsensemediated nonsensemediated JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 320 10 decay decay NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 320 11 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 320 12 triosephosphate triosephosphate NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 320 13 isomerase isomerase NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 320 14 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 320 15 : : : cord-271972-qhr6iir6 320 16 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 320 17 possible possible JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 320 18 link link NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 320 19 between between IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 320 20 nuclear nuclear JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 320 21 splicing splicing NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 320 22 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 320 23 cytoplasmic cytoplasmic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 320 24 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 321 1 Intron intron NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 321 2 function function NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 321 3 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 321 4 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 321 5 nonsense nonsense NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 321 6 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 321 7 mediated mediate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 321 8 decay decay NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 321 9 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 321 10 beta beta NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 321 11 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 321 12 globin globin NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 1 mRNA mrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 2 : : : cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 3 indications indication NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 4 that that IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 5 pre pre JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 6 - - JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 7 mRNA mrna JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 8 splicing splicing NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 9 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 10 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 11 nucleus nucleus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 12 can can MD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 13 influence influence VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 14 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 15 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 16 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 17 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 18 cytoplasm cytoplasm JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 19 Posttranscriptional Posttranscriptional NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 20 gene gene NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 21 regulation regulation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 22 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 23 spatial spatial JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 24 rearrangement rearrangement NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 25 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 26 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 27 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 28 untranslated untranslated JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 29 region region NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 30 Interactions Interactions NNPS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 31 between between IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 32 UPF1 UPF1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 33 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 34 eRFs erfs ADD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 35 PABP PABP NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 36 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 37 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 38 exon exon NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 39 junction junction NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 40 complex complex NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 41 suggest suggest VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 42 an an DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 43 integrated integrated JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 44 model model NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 45 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 46 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 47 NMD NMD NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 322 48 pathways pathway NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 323 1 A a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 323 2 competition competition NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 323 3 between between IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 323 4 stimulators stimulator NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 323 5 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 323 6 antagonists antagonist NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 323 7 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 323 8 Upf Upf NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 323 9 complex complex JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 323 10 recruitment recruitment NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 323 11 governs govern VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 323 12 human human JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 323 13 nonsensemediated nonsensemediated JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 323 14 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 323 15 decay decay NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 323 16 Splicing Splicing NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 323 17 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 323 18 human human JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 323 19 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 323 20 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 323 21 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 324 1 is be VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 324 2 positiondependent positiondependent NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 324 3 suggesting suggest VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 324 4 sequential sequential JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 324 5 removal removal NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 324 6 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 324 7 introns intron NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 324 8 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 324 9 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 324 10 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 324 11 end end NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 1 A a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 2 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 3 UTR UTR NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 4 sequence sequence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 5 stabilizes stabilize VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 6 termination termination NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 7 codons codon NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 8 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 9 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 10 unspliced unspliced NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 11 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 12 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 13 Rous rous JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 14 sarcoma sarcoma NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 15 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 16 Structural structural JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 17 characterization characterization NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 18 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 19 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 20 Rous rous JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 21 sarcoma sarcoma NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 22 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 23 RNA rna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 24 stability stability NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 25 element element NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 26 Togaviridiae Togaviridiae NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 27 : : : cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 28 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 29 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 30 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 31 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 32 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 33 Kaposi Kaposi NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 34 's 's POS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 35 Sarcoma Sarcoma NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 36 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 37 associated associate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 38 herpesvirus herpesvirus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 39 Unexpected unexpected JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 40 roles role NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 41 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 42 UPF1 UPF1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 43 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 44 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 45 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 46 metabolism metabolism NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 47 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 48 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 49 Mechanism Mechanism NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 50 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 51 action action NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 52 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 53 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 54 toxic toxic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 55 lectin lectin NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 56 ricin ricin NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 57 on on IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 58 eukaryotic eukaryotic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 59 ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 60 A a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 61 novel novel JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 62 mechanism mechanism NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 63 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 64 inhibition inhibition NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 65 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 66 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 67 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 68 pokeweed pokeweed JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 69 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 70 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 71 : : : cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 72 depurination depurination NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 73 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 74 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 75 capped cap VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 76 RNA rna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 77 template template NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 78 Purification purification NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 79 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 80 partial partial JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 81 characterization characterization NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 82 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 83 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 84 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 85 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 86 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 87 Phytolacca Phytolacca NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 88 americana americana NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 89 which which WDT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 90 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 91 eukaryotic eukaryotic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 92 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 93 synthesis synthesis NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 94 Inhibition inhibition NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 95 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 96 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 97 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 98 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 99 seropositive seropositive JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 100 patients patient NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 101 ' ' POS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 102 CD4 CD4 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 103 + + CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 104 T t NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 105 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 106 cells cell NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 107 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 108 pokeweed pokeweed JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 109 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 110 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 111 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 112 monoclonal monoclonal JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 113 antibody antibody NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 114 conjugates conjugate VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 115 Antiviral antiviral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 116 activity activity NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 117 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 118 ribosome ribosome NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 119 inactivating inactivate VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 120 proteins protein NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 121 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 122 medicine medicine NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 123 C c NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 124 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 125 terminal terminal NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 126 deletion deletion NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 127 mutant mutant NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 128 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 129 pokeweed pokeweed JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 130 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 131 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 132 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 133 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 134 infection infection NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 135 but but CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 136 does do VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 137 not not RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 138 depurinate depurinate NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 139 host host NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 140 ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 141 Depurination Depurination NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 142 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 143 Brome Brome NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 144 mosaic mosaic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 145 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 146 RNA3 RNA3 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 147 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 148 vivo vivo NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 149 results result NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 150 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 151 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 152 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 153 dependent dependent JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 154 accelerated accelerate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 155 degradation degradation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 156 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 157 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 158 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 159 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 160 Endonucleolytic Endonucleolytic NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 161 cleavage cleavage NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 162 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 163 eukaryotic eukaryotic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 164 mRNAs mRNAs NNPS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 165 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 166 stalls stall NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 167 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 168 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 169 elongation elongation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 170 Suppression Suppression NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 171 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 172 human human JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 173 T t NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 174 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 175 cell cell NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 176 leukemia leukemia NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 325 177 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 326 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 326 2 gene gene NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 326 3 expression expression NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 326 4 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 326 5 pokeweed pokeweed JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 326 6 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 326 7 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 326 8 Isolation isolation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 326 9 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 326 10 purification purification NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 326 11 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 326 12 ribosome ribosome NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 326 13 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 326 14 inactivating inactivate VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 326 15 proteins protein NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 1 Viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 2 encounters encounter VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 3 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 4 2 2 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 5 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 6 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 7 -oligoadenylate -oligoadenylate NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 8 synthetase synthetase NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 9 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 10 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 11 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 12 during during IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 13 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 14 interferon interferon NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 15 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 16 response response NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 17 Small small JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 18 self self NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 19 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 20 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 21 generated generate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 22 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 23 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 24 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 25 amplifies amplify VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 26 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 27 innate innate JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 28 immunity immunity NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 29 Interferon Interferon NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 30 action action NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 31 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 32 apoptosis apoptosis NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 33 are be VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 34 defective defective JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 35 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 36 mice mice NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 37 devoid devoid JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 38 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 39 2 2 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 40 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 41 5 5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 42 -oligoadenylate -oligoadenylate HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 43 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 44 dependent dependent JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 45 RNase rnase NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 46 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 47 Alphavirus Alphavirus NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 48 minus minus JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 49 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 50 strand strand NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 51 synthesis synthesis NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 52 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 53 persistence persistence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 54 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 55 mouse mouse NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 56 embryo embryo NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 57 fibroblasts fibroblast NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 58 derived derive VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 59 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 60 mice mouse NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 61 lacking lack VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 62 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 63 L l NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 64 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 65 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 66 kinase kinase NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 67 R r NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 68 RNase rnase NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 69 L l NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 70 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 71 double double RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 72 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 73 stranded strand VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 74 RNA rna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 75 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 76 dependent dependent JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 77 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 78 kinase kinase NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 79 exert exert VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 80 complementary complementary JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 81 roles role NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 82 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 83 islet islet NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 84 cell cell NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 85 defense defense NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 86 during during IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 87 coxsackievirus coxsackievirus NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 88 infection infection NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 89 Detection Detection NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 90 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 91 an an DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 92 infectious infectious JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 93 retrovirus retrovirus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 94 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 95 XMRV XMRV NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 96 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 97 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 98 blood blood NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 99 cells cell NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 100 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 101 patients patient NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 102 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 103 chronic chronic JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 104 fatigue fatigue NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 105 syndrome syndrome NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 106 Identification identification NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 107 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 108 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 109 novel novel NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 110 Gammaretrovirus Gammaretrovirus NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 111 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 112 prostate prostate NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 113 tumors tumor NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 114 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 115 patients patient NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 116 homozygous homozygous JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 117 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 118 R462Q R462Q NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 119 RNASEL RNASEL NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 120 variant variant NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 121 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 122 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 123 mediated mediate VBD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 124 protection protection NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 125 from from IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 126 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 127 induced induce VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 327 128 demyelination demyelination NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 328 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 328 2 multifunctional multifunctional JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 328 3 NS1 ns1 NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 328 4 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 328 5 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 328 6 influenza influenza NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 328 7 A a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 328 8 viruses virus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 2 primary primary JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 3 function function NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 4 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 5 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 6 binding bind VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 7 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 8 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 9 influenza influenza NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 10 A a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 11 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 12 NS1 ns1 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 13 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 14 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 15 infected infected JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 16 cells cell NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 17 : : : cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 18 inhibiting inhibit VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 19 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 20 2 2 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 21 -5 -5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 22 oligo oligo NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 24 A a NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 26 synthetase synthetase NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 27 / / SYM cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 28 RNase rnase NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 29 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 30 pathway pathway NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 31 Mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 32 employed employ VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 33 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 34 retroviruses retrovirus NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 35 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 36 exploit exploit VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 37 host host NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 38 factors factor NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 39 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 40 translational translational JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 41 control control NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 42 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 43 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 44 complicated complicated JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 45 proteome proteome NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 46 2 2 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 47 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 48 5A 5a NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 49 accumulates accumulate VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 50 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 51 high high JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 52 levels level NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 53 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 54 interferon interferon NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 55 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 56 treated treat VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 57 , , , cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 58 vaccinia vaccinia NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 59 virusinfected virusinfecte VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 60 cells cell NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 61 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 62 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 63 absence absence NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 64 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 65 any any DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 66 inhibition inhibition NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 67 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 68 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 69 replication replication NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 70 Activation activation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 71 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 72 evasion evasion NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 73 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 74 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 75 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 76 2 2 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 77 -5 -5 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 78 oligoadenylate oligoadenylate NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 79 synthetase synthetase NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 80 / / SYM cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 81 ribonuclease ribonuclease NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 82 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 83 pathway pathway NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 84 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 85 hepatitis hepatitis NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 86 C C NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 329 87 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 330 1 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 331 1 A a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 331 2 phylogenetically phylogenetically RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 331 3 conserved conserve VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 331 4 RNA RNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 331 5 structure structure NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 331 6 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 331 7 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 331 8 poliovirus poliovirus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 331 9 open open JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 331 10 reading reading NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 331 11 frame frame NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 331 12 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 331 13 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 331 14 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 331 15 endoribonuclease endoribonuclease NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 1 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 2 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 3 A A NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 4 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 5 RNA rna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 6 competitively competitively RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 7 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 8 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 9 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 10 endoribonuclease endoribonuclease NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 11 domain domain NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 12 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 13 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 14 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 15 Involvement Involvement NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 16 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 17 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 18 interferonregulated interferonregulate VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 19 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 20 proteins protein NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 21 PKR PKR NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 22 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 23 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 24 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 25 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 26 reovirus reovirus NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 27 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 28 induced induce VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 29 shutoff shutoff NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 30 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 31 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 332 32 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 333 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 333 2 2 2 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 333 3 -5 -5 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 333 4 oligoadenylate oligoadenylate NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 333 5 / / SYM cord-271972-qhr6iir6 333 6 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 333 7 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 333 8 / / SYM cord-271972-qhr6iir6 333 9 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 333 10 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 333 11 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 333 12 pathway pathway NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 333 13 regulates regulate VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 333 14 both both CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 333 15 MyoD MyoD NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 333 16 mRNA mrna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 333 17 stability stability NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 333 18 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 333 19 muscle muscle NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 333 20 cell cell NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 333 21 differentiation differentiation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 1 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 2 L L NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 3 mediates mediate VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 4 transient transient JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 5 control control NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 6 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 7 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 8 interferon interferon NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 9 response response NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 10 through through IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 11 modulation modulation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 12 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 13 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 14 double double RB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 15 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 16 stranded strand VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 17 RNA rna NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 18 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 19 dependent dependent JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 20 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 21 kinase kinase VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 22 PKR PKR NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 23 RNase RNase NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 24 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 25 L l NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 26 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 27 dependent dependent JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 28 destabilization destabilization NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 29 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 30 interferoninduced interferoninduced NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 31 mRNAs mrnas CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 334 32 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 1 A a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 2 role role NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 3 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 4 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 5 2 2 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 6 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 7 5A 5a CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 8 system system NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 9 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 10 attenuation attenuation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 11 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 12 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 13 interferon interferon NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 14 response response NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 15 Preferential preferential JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 16 translation translation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 17 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 18 reovirus reovirus NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 19 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 20 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 21 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 22 sigma3-dependent sigma3-dependent NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 23 mechanism mechanism NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 24 Synthesis Synthesis NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 25 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 27 2 2 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 28 -5 -5 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 30 oligoadenylate oligoadenylate NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 31 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 32 activation activation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 33 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 34 an an DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 35 endoribonuclease endoribonuclease NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 36 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 37 interferon interferon NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 38 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 39 treated treat VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 40 HeLa HeLa NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 41 cells cell NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 42 infected infect VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 43 with with IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 44 reovirus reovirus NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 45 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 46 molecular molecular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 47 basis basis NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 48 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 49 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 50 oncolysis oncolysis NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 51 : : : cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 52 usurpation usurpation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 53 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 54 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 55 Ras Ras NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 56 signaling signal VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 57 pathway pathway NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 58 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 59 reovirus reovirus NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 60 Influenza Influenza NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 335 61 A A NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 336 1 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 336 2 NS1 NS1 NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 336 3 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 336 4 targets target NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 337 1 poly(A)-binding poly(A)-binding NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 338 1 protein protein NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 338 2 II II NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 338 3 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 338 4 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 338 5 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 338 6 3 3 CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 338 7 -end -end SYM cord-271972-qhr6iir6 338 8 processing process VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 338 9 machinery machinery NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 339 1 The the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 339 2 cap cap NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 339 3 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 339 4 snatching snatch VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 339 5 endonuclease endonuclease NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 339 6 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 339 7 influenza influenza NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 339 8 virus virus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 339 9 polymerase polymerase NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 339 10 resides reside VBZ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 339 11 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 339 12 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 339 13 PA PA NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 339 14 subunit subunit NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 339 15 A a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 339 16 two two CD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 339 17 - - HYPH cord-271972-qhr6iir6 339 18 pronged pronged JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 339 19 strategy strategy NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 339 20 to to TO cord-271972-qhr6iir6 339 21 suppress suppress VB cord-271972-qhr6iir6 339 22 host host NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 339 23 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 339 24 synthesis synthesis NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 339 25 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 339 26 SARS SARS NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 339 27 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 340 1 Nsp1 nsp1 NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 340 2 protein protein NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 340 3 Functional functional JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 340 4 interplay interplay NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 340 5 between between IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 340 6 viral viral JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 340 7 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 340 8 cellular cellular JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 340 9 SR SR NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 340 10 proteins protein NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 340 11 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 340 12 control control NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 340 13 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 340 14 post post JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 340 15 - - JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 340 16 transcriptional transcriptional JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 340 17 gene gene NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 340 18 regulation regulation NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 341 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 341 2 thank thank VBP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 341 3 all all DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 341 4 members member NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 341 5 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 341 6 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 341 7 Glaunsinger Glaunsinger NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 341 8 lab lab NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 341 9 for for IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 341 10 helpful helpful JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 341 11 discussions discussion NNS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 341 12 and and CC cord-271972-qhr6iir6 341 13 critical critical JJ cord-271972-qhr6iir6 341 14 reading reading NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 341 15 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 341 16 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 341 17 manuscript manuscript NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 341 18 . . . cord-271972-qhr6iir6 342 1 Funding fund VBG cord-271972-qhr6iir6 342 2 to to IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 342 3 B.G. B.G. NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 342 4 was be VBD cord-271972-qhr6iir6 342 5 provided provide VBN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 342 6 by by IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 342 7 a a DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 342 8 Burroughs Burroughs NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 342 9 Wellcome Wellcome NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 342 10 Foundation Foundation NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 342 11 Investigators Investigators NNPS cord-271972-qhr6iir6 342 12 in in IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 342 13 the the DT cord-271972-qhr6iir6 342 14 Pathogenesis Pathogenesis NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 342 15 of of IN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 342 16 Infectious Infectious NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 342 17 Disease Disease NNP cord-271972-qhr6iir6 342 18 award award NN cord-271972-qhr6iir6 342 19 . . .