id sid tid token lemma pos cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 1 1 key key NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 1 2 : : : cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 2 1 cord-016179 cord-016179 NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 2 2 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 2 3 4i1n9j4x 4i1n9j4x CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 2 4 authors author NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 2 5 : : : cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 2 6 Chen Chen NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 2 7 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 2 8 Yi Yi NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 2 9 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 2 10 Ning Ning NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 2 11 ; ; : cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 2 12 Wu Wu NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 2 13 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 2 14 Ching Ching NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 2 15 Ching Ching NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 2 16 ; ; : cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 2 17 Lin Lin NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 2 18 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 1 Tsang Tsang NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 2 Long Long NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 3 title title NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 4 : : : cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 5 Real real JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 6 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 7 Time time NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 8 Reverse Reverse NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 9 Transcription Transcription NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 10 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 11 Polymerase Polymerase NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 12 Chain Chain NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 13 Reaction reaction NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 14 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 15 Detection Detection NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 16 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 17 Quantitation Quantitation NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 18 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 19 Turkey Turkey NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 20 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 21 RNA RNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 22 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 23 Feces fece NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 24 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 25 Intestine intestine NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 26 Tissues Tissues NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 27 date date NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 28 : : : cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 29 2015 2015 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 30 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 31 09 09 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 32 - - SYM cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 33 10 10 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 34 journal journal NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 3 35 : : : cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 4 1 Animal Animal NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 4 2 Coronaviruses Coronaviruses NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 4 3 DOI DOI NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 4 4 : : : cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 4 5 10.1007/978 10.1007/978 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 4 6 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 4 7 1 1 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 4 8 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 4 9 4939 4939 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 4 10 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 4 11 3414 3414 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 4 12 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 4 13 0_13 0_13 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 5 1 sha sha NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 5 2 : : : cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 6 1 7eb5dfd9186a6d77260cc08c45f01c2438ca288c 7eb5dfd9186a6d77260cc08c45f01c2438ca288c NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 6 2 doc_id doc_id CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 6 3 : : : cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 6 4 16179 16179 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 6 5 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 6 6 : : : cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 7 1 4i1n9j4x 4i1n9j4x CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 8 1 Turkey Turkey NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 8 2 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 9 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 9 2 TCoV TCoV NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 9 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 9 4 infection infection NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 9 5 causes cause VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 9 6 acute acute JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 9 7 atrophic atrophic JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 9 8 enteritis enteritis NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 9 9 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 9 10 turkey turkey NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 9 11 poults poult NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 9 12 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 9 13 leading lead VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 9 14 to to IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 9 15 significant significant JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 9 16 economic economic JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 9 17 loss loss NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 9 18 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 9 19 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 9 20 turkey turkey NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 9 21 industry industry NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 9 22 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 10 1 Rapid rapid JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 10 2 detection detection NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 10 3 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 10 4 differentiation differentiation NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 10 5 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 10 6 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 10 7 quantitation quantitation NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 10 8 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 10 9 TCoV TCoV NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 10 10 are be VBP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 10 11 critical critical JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 10 12 to to IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 10 13 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 10 14 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 10 15 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 10 16 control control NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 10 17 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 10 18 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 10 19 disease disease NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 10 20 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 1 A a DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 2 specific specific JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 3 one one CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 4 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 5 step step NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 6 real real JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 7 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 8 time time NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 9 reverse reverse NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 10 transcription transcription NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 11 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 12 polymerase polymerase NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 13 chain chain NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 14 reaction reaction NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 16 RT RT NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 17 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 18 PCR PCR NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 20 assay assay NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 21 using use VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 22 TCoV TCoV NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 23 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 24 specific specific JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 25 primers primer NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 26 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 27 dual dual RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 28 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 29 labeled label VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 30 fluorescent fluorescent JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 31 probe probe NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 32 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 33 detection detection NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 34 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 35 quantitation quantitation NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 36 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 37 TCoV TCoV NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 38 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 39 feces fece NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 40 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 41 intestine intestine NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 42 tissues tissue NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 43 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 44 described describe VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 45 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 46 this this DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 47 chapter chapter NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 11 48 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 1 The the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 2 fluorogenic fluorogenic JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 3 probe probe NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 4 labeled label VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 5 with with IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 6 a a DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 7 reporter reporter NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 8 dye dye NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 10 FAM FAM NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 11 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 12 6-carboxytetramethylrhodamine 6-carboxytetramethylrhodamine CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 14 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 15 a a DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 16 quencher quencher NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 17 dye dye NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 19 Absolute Absolute NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 20 Quencher Quencher NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 21 ™ ™ NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 23 was be VBD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 24 designed design VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 25 to to TO cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 26 bind bind VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 27 to to IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 28 a a DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 29 186 186 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 30 base base JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 31 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 32 pair pair NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 33 fragment fragment NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 34 flanked flank VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 35 by by IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 36 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 37 two two CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 38 PCR PCR NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 39 primers primer NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 40 targeting target VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 41 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 42 3′ 3′ CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 43 end end NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 44 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 45 spike spike NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 46 gene gene NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 47 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 48 S2 S2 NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 49 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 50 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 12 51 TCoV. TCoV. NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 13 1 The the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 13 2 assay assay NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 13 3 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 13 4 highly highly RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 13 5 specific specific JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 13 6 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 13 7 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 13 8 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 13 9 can can MD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 13 10 quantitate quantitate VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 13 11 between between IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 13 12 10(2 10(2 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 13 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 13 14 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 13 15 10(10 10(10 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 13 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 13 17 copies copy NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 13 18 / / SYM cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 13 19 mL ml NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 13 20 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 13 21 viral viral JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 13 22 genome genome NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 13 23 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 14 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 14 2 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 14 3 useful useful JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 14 4 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 14 5 monitoring monitor VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 14 6 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 14 7 progression progression NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 14 8 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 14 9 TCoV TCoV NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 14 10 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 14 11 induced induce VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 14 12 atrophic atrophic JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 14 13 enteritis enteritis NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 14 14 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 14 15 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 14 16 turkey turkey NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 14 17 flocks flock NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 14 18 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 15 1 Turkey Turkey NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 15 2 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 15 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 15 4 TCoV TCoV NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 15 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 15 6 causes cause VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 15 7 atrophic atrophic JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 15 8 enteritis enteritis NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 15 9 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 15 10 turkeys turkey NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 15 11 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 15 12 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 15 13 or or CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 15 14 cases case NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 15 15 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 15 16 turkey turkey NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 15 17 coronaviral coronaviral NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 15 18 enteritis enteritis NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 15 19 occurred occur VBD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 15 20 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 15 21 still still RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 15 22 occurs occur VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 15 23 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 15 24 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 15 25 USA USA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 16 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 16 2 1 1 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 16 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 16 4 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 16 5 Canada Canada NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 16 6 [ [ -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 16 7 2 2 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 16 8 ] ] -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 16 9 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 16 10 Brazil Brazil NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 16 11 [ [ -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 16 12 3 3 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 16 13 ] ] -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 16 14 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 16 15 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 16 16 Europe Europe NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 16 17 [ [ -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 16 18 4 4 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 16 19 ] ] -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 16 20 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 17 1 TCoV TCoV NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 17 2 belongs belong VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 17 3 to to TO cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 17 4 species species VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 17 5 Avian avian JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 17 6 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 17 7 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 17 8 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 17 9 genus genus NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 17 10 Gammacoronavirus Gammacoronavirus NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 17 11 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 17 12 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 17 13 family family NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 17 14 Coronaviridae Coronaviridae NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 17 15 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 1 The the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 2 genome genome NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 3 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 4 TCoV TCoV NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 5 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 6 a a DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 7 linear linear JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 8 positive positive JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 9 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 10 sense sense NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 11 single single JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 12 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 13 stranded strand VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 14 RNA rna NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 15 encoding encode VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 16 three three CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 17 major major JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 18 structural structural JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 19 proteins protein NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 20 including include VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 21 spike spike NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 23 S S NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 25 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 26 membrane membrane NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 28 M M NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 30 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 31 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 32 nucleocapsid nucleocapsid NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 34 N N NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 36 protein protein NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 18 37 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 1 The the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 2 amino amino NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 3 terminal terminal NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 4 region region NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 5 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 6 S S NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 7 protein protein NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 9 S1 s1 NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 11 containing contain VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 12 receptor receptor NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 13 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 14 binding bind VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 15 domain domain NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 16 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 17 neutralizing neutralize VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 18 epitopes epitope NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 19 can can MD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 20 determine determine VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 21 host host NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 22 specificity specificity NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 23 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 24 induce induce VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 25 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 26 production production NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 27 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 28 neutralizing neutralize VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 29 antibodies antibody NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 31 5 5 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 32 ] ] -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 19 33 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 20 1 The the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 20 2 carboxyl carboxyl NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 20 3 terminal terminal NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 20 4 region region NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 20 5 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 20 6 S S NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 20 7 protein protein NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 20 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 20 9 S2 s2 NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 20 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 20 11 consisting consist VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 20 12 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 20 13 transmembrane transmembrane NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 20 14 domain domain NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 20 15 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 20 16 responsible responsible JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 20 17 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 20 18 cell cell NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 20 19 fusion fusion NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 20 20 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 20 21 virus virus NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 20 22 assembly assembly NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 20 23 [ [ -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 20 24 6 6 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 20 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 20 26 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 1 S s NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 2 gene gene NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 3 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 4 a a DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 5 more more RBR cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 6 common common JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 7 target target NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 8 used use VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 9 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 10 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 12 CoV cov NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 14 differentiation differentiation NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 15 because because IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 16 S s NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 17 gene gene NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 18 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 19 highly highly RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 20 variable variable JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 21 among among IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 22 different different JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 23 CoVs CoVs NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 24 while while IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 25 M M NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 26 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 27 N n CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 28 genes gene NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 29 are be VBP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 30 more more RBR cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 31 conserved conserve VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 21 32 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 1 Within within IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 2 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 3 S S NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 4 gene gene NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 5 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 6 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 7 S2 s2 NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 8 gene gene NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 9 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 10 more more RBR cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 11 conserved conserved JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 12 than than IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 13 S1 s1 NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 14 gene gene NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 15 between between IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 16 different different JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 17 CoVs CoVs NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 18 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 19 between between IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 20 different different JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 21 isolates isolate NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 22 or or CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 23 strains strain NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 24 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 25 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 26 same same JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 27 CoV cov NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 28 [ [ -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 29 7 7 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 30 ] ] -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 22 31 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 23 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 23 2 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 23 3 S2 S2 NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 23 4 gene gene NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 23 5 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 23 6 chosen choose VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 23 7 as as IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 23 8 a a DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 23 9 target target NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 23 10 to to TO cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 23 11 detect detect VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 23 12 TCoV TCoV NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 23 13 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 23 14 differentiate differentiate VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 23 15 TCoV TCoV NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 23 16 from from IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 23 17 other other JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 23 18 CoVs CoVs NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 23 19 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 24 1 There there EX cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 24 2 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 24 3 no no DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 24 4 cell cell NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 24 5 culture culture NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 24 6 system system NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 24 7 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 24 8 TCoV TCoV NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 24 9 ; ; : cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 24 10 thus thus RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 24 11 virus virus NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 24 12 isolation isolation NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 24 13 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 24 14 not not RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 24 15 feasible feasible JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 24 16 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 1 Because because IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 2 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 3 sequence sequence NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 4 information information NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 5 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 6 TCoV TCoV NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 7 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 8 available available JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 9 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 10 reverse reverse JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 11 transcription transcription NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 12 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 13 polymerase polymerase NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 14 chain chain NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 15 reaction reaction NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 17 RT RT NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 18 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 19 PCR)-based pcr)-base VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 20 methods method NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 21 with with IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 22 high high JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 23 specificity specificity NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 24 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 25 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 26 have have VBP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 27 been be VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 28 developed develop VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 30 7 7 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 31 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 32 8 8 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 25 34 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 1 Real real JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 2 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 3 time time NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 4 RT RT NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 5 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 6 PCR PCR NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 7 illustrated illustrate VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 8 here here RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 9 uses use VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 10 a a DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 11 pair pair NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 12 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 13 TCoV tcov NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 14 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 15 specific specific JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 16 primers primer NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 17 targeting target VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 18 a a DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 19 186 186 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 20 base base JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 21 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 22 pair pair NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 23 fragment fragment NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 24 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 25 TCoV TCoV NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 26 S2 S2 NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 27 gene gene NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 28 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 29 a a DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 30 dual dual RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 31 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 32 labeled label VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 33 probe probe NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 34 with with IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 35 a a DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 36 reporter reporter NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 37 dye dye NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 39 FAM FAM NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 41 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 42 a a DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 43 quencher quencher NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 44 dye dye NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 45 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 46 Absolute Absolute NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 47 Quencher Quencher NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 48 ™ ™ NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 49 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 50 combined combine VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 51 with with IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 52 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 53 5′ 5′ CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 54 to to IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 55 3′ 3′ CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 56 exonuclease exonuclease NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 57 activity activity NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 58 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 59 Taq taq NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 60 polymerase polymerase NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 61 to to TO cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 62 increase increase VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 63 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 64 release release NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 65 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 66 reporter reporter NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 67 dye dye NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 68 fluorescence fluorescence NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 69 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 70 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 71 course course NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 72 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 73 PCR PCR NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 74 amplification amplification NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 75 [ [ -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 76 9 9 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 77 ] ] -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 26 78 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 27 1 Quantitative quantitative JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 27 2 data datum NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 27 3 can can MD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 27 4 be be VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 27 5 accessed access VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 27 6 by by IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 27 7 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 27 8 standard standard JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 27 9 curve curve NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 27 10 established establish VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 27 11 with with IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 27 12 serial serial JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 27 13 dilutions dilution NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 27 14 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 27 15 standard standard JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 27 16 RNA RNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 27 17 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 1 The the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 2 procedure procedure NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 3 does do VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 4 not not RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 5 need need VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 6 post post JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 7 - - JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 8 PCR pcr JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 9 electrophoresis electrophoresis NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 10 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 11 so so CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 12 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 13 processing processing NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 14 time time NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 15 can can MD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 16 be be VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 17 significantly significantly RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 18 reduced reduce VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 19 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 20 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 21 risks risk NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 22 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 23 carryover carryover NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 24 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 25 cross cross NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 26 - - NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 27 contamination contamination NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 28 between between IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 29 samples sample NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 30 can can MD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 31 be be VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 32 lessened lessen VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 28 33 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 1 In in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 2 this this DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 3 chapter chapter NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 4 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 5 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 6 protocol protocol NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 7 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 8 one one CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 9 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 10 step step NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 11 real real JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 12 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 13 time time NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 14 RT rt NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 15 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 16 PCR PCR NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 17 to to TO cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 18 detect detect VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 19 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 20 differentiate differentiate VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 21 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 22 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 23 quantitative quantitative JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 24 TCoV TCoV NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 25 RNA RNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 26 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 27 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 28 feces fece NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 29 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 30 intestinal intestinal JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 31 tissue tissue NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 32 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 33 presented present VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 29 34 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 30 1 In in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 30 2 step step NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 30 3 1 1 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 30 4 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 30 5 feces fece NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 30 6 or or CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 30 7 intestine intestine NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 30 8 tissues tissue NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 30 9 were be VBD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 30 10 collected collect VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 30 11 into into IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 30 12 RNAlater RNAlater NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 30 13 RNA RNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 30 14 stabilization stabilization NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 30 15 reagent reagent NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 30 16 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 31 1 In in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 31 2 step step NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 31 3 2 2 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 31 4 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 31 5 TCoV TCoV NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 31 6 RNA RNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 31 7 was be VBD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 31 8 extracted extract VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 31 9 from from IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 31 10 feces fece NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 31 11 using use VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 31 12 QIAamp QIAamp NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 31 13 viral viral JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 31 14 RNA RNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 31 15 mini mini JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 31 16 kit kit NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 31 17 or or CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 31 18 intestine intestine NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 31 19 tissues tissue NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 31 20 using use VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 31 21 RNAeasy RNAeasy NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 31 22 mini mini JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 31 23 kit kit NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 31 24 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 1 In in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 2 step step NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 3 3 3 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 4 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 5 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 6 extracted extract VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 7 RNA RNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 8 was be VBD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 9 subjected subject VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 10 to to IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 11 one one CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 12 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 13 step step NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 14 real real JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 15 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 16 time time NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 17 RT RT NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 18 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 19 PCR PCR NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 20 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 21 detection detection NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 22 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 23 quantitation quantitation NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 24 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 25 TCoV TCoV NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 26 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 27 feces fece NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 28 or or CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 29 intestine intestine NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 30 tissues tissue NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 32 31 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 1 In in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 2 step step NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 3 4 4 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 4 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 5 a a DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 6 standard standard JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 7 curve curve NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 8 was be VBD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 9 established establish VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 10 by by IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 11 serially serially RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 12 diluted dilute VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 13 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 14 vitro vitro FW cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 15 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 16 transcribed transcribe VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 17 RNA RNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 18 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 19 absolute absolute JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 20 quantitation quantitation NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 21 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 22 TCoV. TCoV. NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 24 c c NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 26 Add add VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 27 30 30 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 28 mL ml NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 29 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 30 96 96 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 31 - - SYM cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 32 100 100 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 33 % % NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 34 ethanol ethanol NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 35 into into IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 36 13 13 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 37 mL mL NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 38 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 39 concentrated concentrated JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 40 Buffer Buffer NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 41 AW2 AW2 NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 33 42 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 34 1 Real real JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 34 2 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 34 3 Time time NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 34 4 RT RT NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 34 5 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 34 6 PCR PCR NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 34 7 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 34 8 Turkey Turkey NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 34 9 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 34 10 RNA RNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 34 11 4 4 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 34 12 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 35 1 RNeasy RNeasy NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 35 2 mini mini JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 35 3 kit kit NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 35 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 35 5 Qiagen Qiagen NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 35 6 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 35 7 Valencia Valencia NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 35 8 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 35 9 CA CA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 35 10 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 35 11 USA USA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 35 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 35 13 : : : cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 36 1 The the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 36 2 kit kit NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 36 3 contains contain VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 36 4 Buffer buffer NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 36 5 RLT RLT NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 36 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 36 7 lysis lysis NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 36 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 36 9 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 36 10 RW1 RW1 NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 36 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 36 12 wash wash NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 36 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 36 14 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 36 15 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 36 16 RPE RPE NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 36 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 36 18 elute elute VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 36 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 36 20 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 37 1 Buffer buffer NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 37 2 RLT RLT NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 37 3 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 37 4 AW1 aw1 NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 37 5 contain contain VBP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 37 6 guanidine guanidine NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 37 7 thiocyanate thiocyanate NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 37 8 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 37 9 which which WDT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 37 10 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 37 11 harmful harmful JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 37 12 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 38 1 RNA RNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 38 2 from from IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 38 3 intestine intestine NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 38 4 tissues tissue NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 38 5 can can MD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 38 6 bind bind VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 38 7 to to IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 38 8 silica silica NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 38 9 membrane membrane NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 38 10 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 38 11 RNeasy RNeasy NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 38 12 spin spin NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 38 13 columns column NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 38 14 with with IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 38 15 a a DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 38 16 binding binding JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 38 17 capacity capacity NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 38 18 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 38 19 100 100 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 38 20 μg μg NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 38 21 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 39 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 39 2 a a LS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 39 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 39 4 Add add VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 39 5 10 10 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 40 1 μL μL NFP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 40 2 β β NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 40 3 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 40 4 mercaptoethanol mercaptoethanol NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 40 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 40 6 β β NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 40 7 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 40 8 ME ME NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 40 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 40 10 per per IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 40 11 1 1 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 40 12 mL ml NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 40 13 Buffer buffer NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 40 14 RLT RLT NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 40 15 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 40 16 a a DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 40 17 fume fume NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 40 18 hood hood NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 40 19 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 41 1 Buffer Buffer NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 41 2 BLT BLT NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 41 3 with with IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 41 4 β β NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 41 5 - - : cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 41 6 ME ME NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 41 7 can can MD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 41 8 be be VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 41 9 stored store VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 41 10 at at IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 41 11 room room NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 41 12 temperature temperature NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 41 13 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 41 14 up up IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 41 15 to to TO cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 41 16 1 1 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 41 17 month month NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 41 18 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 42 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 42 2 b b LS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 42 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 42 4 Add add VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 42 5 44 44 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 42 6 mL ml NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 42 7 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 42 8 96 96 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 42 9 - - SYM cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 42 10 100 100 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 42 11 % % NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 42 12 ethanol ethanol NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 42 13 to to IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 42 14 11 11 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 42 15 mL mL NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 42 16 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 42 17 concentrated concentrated JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 42 18 Buffer Buffer NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 42 19 RPE RPE NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 42 20 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 43 1 1 1 LS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 43 2 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 44 1 Use use VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 44 2 sterile sterile JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 44 3 forceps forceps NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 44 4 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 44 5 scissors scissor NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 44 6 to to TO cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 44 7 cut cut VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 44 8 0.5 0.5 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 44 9 cm cm NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 44 10 long long JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 44 11 segment segment NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 44 12 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 44 13 duodenum duodenum NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 44 14 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 44 15 jejunum jejunum NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 44 16 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 44 17 ileum ileum NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 44 18 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 44 19 or or CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 44 20 cecum cecum NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 44 21 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 45 1 8 8 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 45 2 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 46 1 Add add VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 46 2 500 500 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 46 3 μL μL NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 46 4 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 46 5 Buffer Buffer NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 46 6 AW1 aw1 NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 46 7 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 46 8 centrifuge centrifuge NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 46 9 at at IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 46 10 8000 8000 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 46 11 rpm rpm NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 46 12 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 46 13 1 1 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 46 14 min min NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 46 15 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 47 1 Place place VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 47 2 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 47 3 QIAamp QIAamp NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 47 4 spin spin NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 47 5 column column NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 47 6 into into IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 47 7 a a DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 47 8 clean clean JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 47 9 2 2 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 47 10 mL ml NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 47 11 collection collection NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 47 12 tube tube NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 47 13 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 47 14 discard discard VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 47 15 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 47 16 tube tube NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 47 17 containing contain VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 47 18 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 47 19 filtrate filtrate NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 47 20 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 48 1 9 9 LS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 48 2 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 49 1 Add add VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 49 2 500 500 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 49 3 μL μL NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 49 4 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 49 5 Buffer buffer NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 49 6 AW2 AW2 NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 49 7 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 49 8 centrifuge centrifuge NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 49 9 at at IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 49 10 14,000 14,000 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 49 11 rpm rpm NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 49 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 49 13 18407 18407 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 49 14 × × NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 49 15 g g NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 49 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 49 17 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 49 18 3 3 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 49 19 min min NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 49 20 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 50 1 Change change VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 50 2 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 50 3 direction direction NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 50 4 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 50 5 tubes tube NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 50 6 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 50 7 centrifuge centrifuge NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 50 8 at at IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 50 9 14,000 14,000 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 50 10 rpm rpm NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 50 11 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 50 12 another another DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 50 13 1 1 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 50 14 min min NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 50 15 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 51 1 10 10 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 51 2 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 52 1 Place place VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 52 2 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 52 3 QIAamp QIAamp NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 52 4 spin spin NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 52 5 column column NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 52 6 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 52 7 a a DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 52 8 clean clean JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 52 9 1.7 1.7 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 52 10 mL ml NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 52 11 microcentrifuge microcentrifuge NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 52 12 tube tube NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 52 13 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 52 14 add add VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 52 15 60 60 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 52 16 μL μL NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 52 17 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 52 18 Buffer Buffer NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 52 19 AVE AVE NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 52 20 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 53 1 Incubate incubate VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 53 2 at at IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 53 3 room room NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 53 4 temperature temperature NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 53 5 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 53 6 1 1 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 53 7 min min NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 53 8 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 53 9 centrifuge centrifuge NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 53 10 at at IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 53 11 8000 8000 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 53 12 rpm rpm NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 53 13 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 53 14 1 1 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 53 15 min min NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 53 16 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 54 1 11 11 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 54 2 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 55 1 Take take VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 55 2 4 4 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 56 1 μL μL . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 57 1 RNA RNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 57 2 into into IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 57 3 96 96 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 57 4 μL μL NFP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 57 5 Buffer Buffer NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 57 6 AVE AVE NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 57 7 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 57 8 measure measure VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 57 9 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 57 10 amount amount NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 57 11 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 57 12 RNA RNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 57 13 by by IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 57 14 GeneQuant GeneQuant NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 57 15 following follow VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 57 16 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 57 17 manufacturer manufacturer NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 57 18 's 's POS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 57 19 instruction instruction NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 57 20 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 58 1 12 12 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 58 2 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 59 1 Aliquot Aliquot NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 59 2 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 59 3 RNA RNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 59 4 into into IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 59 5 5 5 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 59 6 μL μl NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 60 1 each each DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 60 2 tube tube NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 60 3 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 60 4 store store NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 60 5 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 60 6 −80 −80 NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 60 7 ° ° NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 60 8 C c NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 60 9 freezer freezer NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 60 10 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 60 11 use use NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 60 12 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 60 13 real real JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 60 14 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 60 15 time time NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 60 16 RT RT NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 60 17 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 60 18 PCR PCR NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 60 19 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 61 1 1 1 LS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 61 2 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 1 Take take VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 2 intestine intestine NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 3 segment segment NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 4 out out IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 5 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 6 1.7 1.7 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 7 mL ml NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 8 microcentrifuge microcentrifuge NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 9 tubes tube NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 10 containing contain VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 11 1 1 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 12 mL ml NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 13 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 14 RNAlater RNAlater NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 15 RNA RNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 16 stabilization stabilization NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 17 reagent reagent NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 18 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 19 put put VBD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 20 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 21 tissue tissue NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 22 specimen specimen NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 23 on on IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 24 top top NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 25 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 26 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 27 plastic plastic JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 28 paper paper NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 29 treated treat VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 30 with with IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 31 RNase RNase NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 32 Away away RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 33 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 34 DEPC DEPC NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 35 H H NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 36 2 2 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 37 O. O. NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 38 14 14 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 62 39 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 63 1 Aliquot Aliquot NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 63 2 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 63 3 RNA RNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 63 4 into into IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 63 5 5 5 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 63 6 μL μl NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 63 7 tube tube NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 63 8 individually individually RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 63 9 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 63 10 store store VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 63 11 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 63 12 −80 −80 NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 63 13 ° ° NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 63 14 C c NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 63 15 freezer freezer NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 63 16 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 63 17 use use NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 63 18 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 63 19 real real JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 63 20 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 63 21 time time NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 63 22 RT RT NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 63 23 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 63 24 PCR PCR NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 63 25 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 64 1 1 1 LS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 64 2 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 65 1 Prepare prepare VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 65 2 a a DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 65 3 total total NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 65 4 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 65 5 25 25 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 65 6 μL μL NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 65 7 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 65 8 reaction reaction NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 65 9 mixture mixture NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 65 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 65 11 Table table NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 65 12 2 2 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 65 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 65 14 on on IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 65 15 ice ice NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 65 16 by by IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 65 17 using use VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 65 18 TCoV tcov NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 65 19 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 65 20 specific specific JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 65 21 primers primer NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 65 22 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 65 23 probe probe NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 65 24 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 65 25 reaction reaction NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 65 26 buffer buffer NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 65 27 from from IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 65 28 Platinum Platinum NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 66 1 ® ® . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 66 2 Quantitative Quantitative NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 66 3 RT RT NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 66 4 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 66 5 PCR PCR NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 66 6 ThermoScript ThermoScript NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 66 7 ™ ™ CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 66 8 One one CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 66 9 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 66 10 Step Step NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 66 11 System System NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 66 12 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 66 13 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 66 14 5 5 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 66 15 μL μL NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 66 16 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 66 17 RNA rna NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 66 18 template template NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 66 19 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 67 1 Mix mix VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 67 2 gently gently RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 67 3 by by IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 67 4 pipetting pipette VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 67 5 up up RP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 67 6 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 67 7 down down RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 67 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 67 9 see see VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 67 10 Note Note NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 67 11 4 4 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 67 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 67 13 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 68 1 1 1 LS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 68 2 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 1 Amplify amplify VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 2 partial partial JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 3 S2 s2 NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 4 gene gene NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 5 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 6 TCoV TCoV NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 7 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 8 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 9 region region NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 10 encompassing encompass VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 11 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 12 fragment fragment NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 13 targeted target VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 14 by by IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 15 real real JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 16 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 17 time time NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 18 RT RT NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 19 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 20 PCR PCR NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 21 by by IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 22 PCR PCR NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 23 with with IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 24 forward forward JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 25 primer primer NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 26 6F 6F NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 27 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 28 reverse reverse JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 29 primer primer NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 30 6R 6r NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 32 Table Table NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 33 1 1 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 35 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 36 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 37 amplified amplify VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 38 fragment fragment NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 39 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 40 designed design VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 41 as as IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 42 6F/6R 6f/6r CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 43 fragment fragment NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 69 44 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 70 1 The the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 70 2 fragments fragment NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 70 3 underlined underline VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 70 4 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 70 5 primers primer NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 70 6 6F 6F NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 70 7 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 70 8 6R 6R NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 70 9 are be VBP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 70 10 recognized recognize VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 70 11 by by IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 70 12 restriction restriction NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 70 13 enzymes enzyme NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 70 14 NcoI NcoI NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 70 15 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 70 16 KpnI KpnI NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 70 17 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 70 18 respectively respectively RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 70 19 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 71 1 2 2 LS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 71 2 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 1 Double double JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 2 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 3 digest digest VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 4 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 5 pTriEx-3 pTriEx-3 NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 6 DNA DNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 7 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 8 Novagen Novagen NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 10 1 1 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 11 - - SYM cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 12 3 3 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 13 μg μg NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 14 total total NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 16 or or CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 17 6F/6R 6f/6r CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 18 fragment fragment NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 20 1 1 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 21 - - SYM cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 22 3 3 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 23 μg μg NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 24 total total NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 26 with with IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 27 1 1 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 28 μL μL NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 29 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 30 1/10 1/10 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 31 diluted dilute VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 32 NcoI NcoI NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 33 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 34 1 1 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 35 μL μL NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 36 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 37 1/10 1/10 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 38 diluted dilute VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 39 KpnI KpnI NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 41 NEB NEB NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 43 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 44 50 50 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 45 μL μL NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 46 reaction reaction NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 47 containing contain VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 48 5 5 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 49 μL μl NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 50 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 51 10× 10× CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 52 NEB NEB NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 53 ® ® NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 54 Buffer Buffer NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 55 1 1 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 56 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 57 5 5 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 58 μL μL NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 59 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 60 bovine bovine JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 61 serum serum NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 62 albumin albumin NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 63 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 64 BSA BSA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 65 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 66 1 1 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 67 mg mg NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 68 / / SYM cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 69 mL mL NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 70 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 72 71 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 73 1 Incubate incubate VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 73 2 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 73 3 reaction reaction NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 73 4 at at IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 73 5 37 37 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 73 6 ° ° NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 73 7 C c NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 73 8 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 73 9 1 1 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 73 10 h. h. NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 73 11 3 3 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 73 12 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 74 1 Ligate Ligate NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 74 2 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 74 3 treated treat VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 74 4 pTriEx-3 pTriEx-3 NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 74 5 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 74 6 6 6 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 74 7 F/6R f/6r NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 74 8 fragment fragment NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 74 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 74 10 638 638 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 74 11 bp bp NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 74 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 74 13 using use VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 74 14 T4 T4 NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 74 15 DNA DNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 74 16 ligase ligase NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 74 17 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 74 18 20 20 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 74 19 μL μl NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 74 20 reaction reaction NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 74 21 to to TO cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 74 22 become become VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 74 23 pTriEx3 pTriEx3 NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 74 24 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 74 25 6F/6R. 6F/6R. NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 75 1 The the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 75 2 reaction reaction NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 75 3 solution solution NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 75 4 contains contain VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 75 5 total total JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 75 6 64 64 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 75 7 ng ng NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 75 8 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 75 9 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 75 10 10 10 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 75 11 6 6 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 75 12 023 023 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 75 13 10 10 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 75 14 9 9 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 75 15 2 2 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 75 16 3 3 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 75 17 1 1 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 75 18 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 1 RNAlater RNAlater NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 2 stabilization stabilization NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 3 reagent reagent NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 4 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 5 not not RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 6 designed design VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 7 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 8 fecal fecal JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 9 samples sample NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 10 but but CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 11 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 12 previous previous JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 13 study study NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 14 [ [ -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 15 10 10 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 16 ] ] -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 17 showed show VBD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 18 a a DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 19 good good JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 20 stability stability NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 21 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 22 viral viral JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 23 RNA RNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 24 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 25 turkey turkey NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 26 feces fece NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 27 by by IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 28 using use VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 29 RNAlater RNAlater NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 30 reagent reagent NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 76 31 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 77 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 77 2 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 77 3 very very RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 77 4 critical critical JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 77 5 to to TO cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 77 6 mix mix VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 77 7 feces fece NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 77 8 or or CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 77 9 cloacal cloacal JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 77 10 swab swab NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 77 11 with with IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 77 12 RNAlater RNAlater NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 77 13 to to TO cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 77 14 make make VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 77 15 feces fece NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 77 16 submerged submerge VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 77 17 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 77 18 contact contact NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 77 19 RNAlater RNAlater NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 77 20 reagent reagent NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 77 21 completely completely RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 77 22 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 77 23 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 77 24 stability stability NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 77 25 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 77 26 RNA RNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 77 27 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 77 28 feces fece NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 77 29 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 78 1 2 2 LS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 78 2 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 79 1 The the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 79 2 thickness thickness NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 79 3 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 79 4 tissue tissue NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 79 5 must must MD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 79 6 be be VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 79 7 less less JJR cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 79 8 than than IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 79 9 0.5 0.5 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 79 10 cm cm NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 79 11 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 1 RNA RNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 2 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 3 harvested harvest VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 4 intestine intestine NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 5 tissue tissue NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 6 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 7 not not RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 8 protected protect VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 9 until until IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 10 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 11 tissue tissue NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 12 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 13 completely completely RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 14 submerged submerge VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 15 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 16 a a DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 17 sufficient sufficient JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 18 volume volume NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 19 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 20 RNAlater RNAlater NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 21 RNA RNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 22 Stabilization Stabilization NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 23 Reagent Reagent NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 24 at at IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 25 about about RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 26 10 10 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 27 μL μl NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 28 reagent reagent NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 29 per per IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 30 1 1 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 31 mg mg CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 32 tissue tissue NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 80 33 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 81 1 The the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 81 2 intestinal intestinal JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 81 3 content content NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 81 4 may may MD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 81 5 interfere interfere VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 81 6 with with IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 81 7 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 81 8 reaction reaction NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 81 9 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 81 10 RNAlater RNAlater NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 81 11 reagent reagent NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 81 12 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 81 13 so so CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 81 14 it -PRON- PRP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 81 15 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 81 16 critical critical JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 81 17 to to TO cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 81 18 wash wash VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 81 19 off off RP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 81 20 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 81 21 intestinal intestinal JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 81 22 contents content NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 81 23 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 82 1 Insufficient Insufficient NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 82 2 RNA RNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 82 3 reagent reagent NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 82 4 may may MD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 82 5 cause cause VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 82 6 RNA RNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 82 7 degradation degradation NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 82 8 during during IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 82 9 storage storage NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 82 10 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 2 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 3 not not RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 4 recommended recommend VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 5 to to TO cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 6 harvest harvest VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 7 tissues tissue NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 8 frozen freeze VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 9 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 10 liquid liquid JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 11 nitrogen nitrogen NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 12 or or CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 13 dry dry JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 14 ice ice NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 15 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 16 later later RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 17 thaw thaw VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 18 them -PRON- PRP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 19 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 20 RNAlater RNAlater NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 21 storage storage NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 22 or or CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 23 RNA RNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 24 extraction extraction NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 25 because because IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 26 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 27 process process NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 28 would would MD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 29 cause cause VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 30 severe severe JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 31 RNA RNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 32 degradation degradation NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 83 33 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 84 1 3 3 LS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 84 2 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 85 1 The the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 85 2 heat heat NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 85 3 produced produce VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 85 4 by by IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 85 5 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 85 6 process process NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 85 7 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 85 8 hominization hominization NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 85 9 can can MD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 85 10 damage damage VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 85 11 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 85 12 integrity integrity NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 85 13 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 85 14 RNA RNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 85 15 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 85 16 intestine intestine NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 85 17 tissues tissue NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 85 18 leading lead VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 85 19 to to IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 85 20 low low JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 85 21 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 85 22 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 85 23 real real JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 85 24 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 85 25 time time NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 85 26 RT RT NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 85 27 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 85 28 PCR PCR NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 85 29 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 86 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 86 2 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 86 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 86 4 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 86 5 recommended recommend VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 86 6 to to TO cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 86 7 homogenize homogenize VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 86 8 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 86 9 intestine intestine NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 86 10 tissue tissue NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 86 11 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 86 12 30 30 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 86 13 s s NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 86 14 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 86 15 cool cool VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 86 16 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 86 17 tube tube NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 86 18 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 86 19 ice ice NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 86 20 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 86 21 cycles cycle NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 86 22 until until IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 86 23 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 86 24 intestine intestine NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 86 25 tissue tissue NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 86 26 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 86 27 homogenized homogenize VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 86 28 thoroughly thoroughly RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 86 29 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 87 1 4 4 LS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 87 2 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 88 1 Real real JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 88 2 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 88 3 time time NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 88 4 RT RT NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 88 5 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 88 6 PCR PCR NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 88 7 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 88 8 a a DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 88 9 very very RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 88 10 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 88 11 assay assay NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 88 12 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 88 13 so so CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 88 14 it -PRON- PRP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 88 15 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 88 16 very very RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 88 17 easy easy JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 88 18 to to TO cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 88 19 be be VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 88 20 interfered interfere VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 88 21 by by IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 88 22 bubbles bubble NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 88 23 created create VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 88 24 by by IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 88 25 pipetting pipette VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 88 26 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 89 1 To to TO cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 89 2 use use VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 89 3 pipettes pipette NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 89 4 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 89 5 take take VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 89 6 small small JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 89 7 volume volume NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 89 8 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 89 9 reagents reagent NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 89 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 89 11 < < XX cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 89 12 10 10 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 89 13 μL μL NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 89 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 90 1 precisely precisely RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 90 2 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 90 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 90 4 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 90 5 recommended recommend VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 90 6 to to TO cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 90 7 practice practice VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 90 8 before before IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 90 9 performing perform VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 90 10 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 90 11 real real JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 90 12 test test NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 90 13 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 1 In in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 2 addition addition NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 3 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 4 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 5 nonspecific nonspecific JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 6 reactions reaction NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 7 can can MD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 8 be be VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 9 minimized minimize VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 10 by by IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 11 mixing mix VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 12 reagents reagent NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 13 on on IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 14 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 15 precooled precooled JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 17 store store NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 18 at at IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 19 −20 −20 NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 20 ° ° NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 21 C C NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 22 freezer freezer NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 24 aluminum aluminum NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 25 loading loading NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 26 block block NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 28 Qiagen Qiagen NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 30 on on IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 31 ice ice NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 91 32 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 92 1 5 5 LS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 92 2 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 93 1 Example example NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 93 2 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 93 3 running run VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 93 4 a a DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 93 5 set set NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 93 6 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 93 7 samples sample NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 93 8 from from IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 93 9 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 93 10 setup setup NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 93 11 to to IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 93 12 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 93 13 end end NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 93 14 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 93 15 calculating calculate VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 93 16 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 93 17 copy copy NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 93 18 number number NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 93 19 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 93 20 illustrated illustrate VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 93 21 below below IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 93 22 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 1 First first RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 2 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 3 collect collect VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 4 ileum ileum NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 5 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 6 cecum cecum NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 7 samples sample NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 8 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 9 RNAlater rnalater NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 10 solution solution NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 11 from from IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 12 three three CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 13 turkeys turkey NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 14 at at IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 15 5 5 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 16 days day NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 17 post post NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 18 - - NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 19 infection infection NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 20 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 21 TCoV TCoV NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 22 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 23 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 24 same same JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 25 kind kind NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 26 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 27 samples sample NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 28 from from IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 29 negative negative JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 30 control control NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 31 turkeys turkey NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 32 without without IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 33 TCoV TCoV NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 34 infection infection NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 94 35 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 1 Second second RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 2 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 3 label label VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 4 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 5 samples sample NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 6 from from IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 7 turkeys turkey NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 8 infected infect VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 9 with with IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 10 TCoV TCoV NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 11 as as IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 12 d5-i1 d5-i1 NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 13 to to IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 14 d5-i3 d5-i3 NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 15 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 16 d5-c1to d5-c1to NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 17 d5-c3 d5-c3 NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 18 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 19 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 20 those those DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 21 from from IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 22 negative negative JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 23 control control NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 24 turkeys turkey NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 25 without without IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 26 TCoV TCoV NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 27 infection infection NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 28 as as IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 29 N n CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 30 - - NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 31 i1 i1 NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 32 to to IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 33 N N NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 34 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 35 i3 i3 NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 36 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 37 N N NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 38 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 39 c1 c1 NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 40 to to IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 41 N N NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 42 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 43 c3 c3 NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 95 44 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 96 1 Third third RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 96 2 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 96 3 extract extract VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 96 4 RNA RNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 96 5 from from IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 96 6 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 96 7 samples sample NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 96 8 according accord VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 96 9 to to IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 96 10 Sect Sect NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 96 11 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 97 1 3.2.2 3.2.2 NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 97 2 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 1 Next next RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 2 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 3 arrange arrange VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 4 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 5 samples sample NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 6 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 7 96-well 96-well CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 8 plate plate NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 9 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 10 one one CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 11 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 12 step step NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 13 real real JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 14 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 15 time time NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 16 RT rt NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 17 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 18 PCR PCR NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 20 Table Table NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 21 3 3 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 23 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 24 set set VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 25 up up RP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 26 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 27 real real JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 28 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 29 time time NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 30 RT rt NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 31 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 32 PCR PCR NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 33 conditions condition NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 98 34 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 99 1 Prepare prepare VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 99 2 nuclease nuclease NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 99 3 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 99 4 free free JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 99 5 water water NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 99 6 as as IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 99 7 template template NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 99 8 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 99 9 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 99 10 non non JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 99 11 - - JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 99 12 template template JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 99 13 control control NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 99 14 _SP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 100 1 Samples sample NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 100 2 are be VBP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 100 3 arranged arrange VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 100 4 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 100 5 Row row NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 100 6 A a NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 100 7 to to IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 100 8 H H NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 100 9 from from IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 100 10 Column column NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 100 11 1 1 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 100 12 to to IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 100 13 12 12 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 100 14 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 100 15 one one CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 100 16 96-well 96-well CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 100 17 plate plate NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 100 18 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 101 1 STD1 STD1 NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 101 2 to to IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 101 3 STD8 STD8 NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 101 4 are be VBP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 101 5 tenfold tenfold RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 101 6 serially serially RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 101 7 diluted dilute VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 101 8 standard standard JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 101 9 RNA RNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 101 10 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 101 11 pTriEx3 pTriEx3 NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 101 12 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 101 13 6F/6R 6f/6r CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 101 14 from from IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 101 15 10 10 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 101 16 2 2 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 101 17 to to TO cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 101 18 10 10 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 101 19 9 9 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 101 20 copies copy NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 102 1 / / NFP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 1 μL. μL. NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 2 NTC NTC NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 3 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 4 nuclease nuclease NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 5 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 6 free free JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 7 water water NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 8 as as IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 9 template template NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 10 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 11 realtime realtime JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 12 RT RT NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 13 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 14 PCR PCR NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 16 NTC NTC NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 18 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 19 tenfold tenfold RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 20 serially serially RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 21 diluted dilute VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 22 standard standard JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 23 RNA RNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 24 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 25 pTriEx3 pTriEx3 NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 26 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 27 6F/6R 6f/6r CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 28 from from IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 29 10 10 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 30 2 2 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 31 to to TO cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 32 10 10 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 33 9 9 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 103 34 copies/ copies/ CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 104 1 μL μl UH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 104 2 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 104 3 as as IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 104 4 STD1 STD1 NNPS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 104 5 to to IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 104 6 STD8 STD8 NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 104 7 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 105 1 After after IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 105 2 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 105 3 reaction reaction NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 105 4 complete complete JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 105 5 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 105 6 establish establish VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 105 7 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 105 8 standard standard JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 105 9 curve curve NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 105 10 formula formula NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 105 11 based base VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 105 12 on on IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 105 13 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 105 14 Ct ct JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 105 15 values value NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 105 16 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 105 17 STD1 STD1 NNPS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 105 18 to to IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 105 19 STD8 STD8 NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 105 20 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 106 1 Then then RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 106 2 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 106 3 calculate calculate VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 106 4 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 106 5 copy copy NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 106 6 numbers number NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 106 7 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 106 8 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 106 9 tested test VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 106 10 samples sample NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 106 11 by by IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 106 12 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 106 13 standard standard JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 106 14 curve curve NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 106 15 formula formula NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 106 16 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 107 1 Example example NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 107 2 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 107 3 calculating calculate VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 107 4 sample sample NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 107 5 concentration concentration NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 107 6 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 107 7 illustrated illustrate VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 107 8 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 107 9 Table Table NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 107 10 4 4 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 107 11 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 108 1 The the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 108 2 standard standard JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 108 3 curve curve NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 108 4 formula formula NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 108 5 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 108 6 established establish VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 108 7 by by IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 108 8 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 108 9 Ct ct JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 108 10 values value NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 108 11 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 108 12 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 108 13 copy copy NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 108 14 numbers number NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 108 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 108 16 Log Log NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 108 17 10 10 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 108 18 copies copy NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 108 19 / / SYM cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 108 20 μL μL NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 108 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 108 22 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 108 23 STD1 STD1 NNPS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 108 24 to to IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 108 25 STD8 STD8 NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 108 26 : : : cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 109 1 Y y NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 109 2 = = SYM cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 109 3 −3.4167X −3.4167X NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 109 4 + + CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 109 5 46.917 46.917 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 110 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 110 2 R r NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 110 3 2 2 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 110 4 = = SYM cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 110 5 0.9988 0.9988 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 110 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 110 7 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 111 1 Y Y NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 111 2 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 111 3 Ct Ct NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 111 4 value value NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 111 5 acquired acquire VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 111 6 by by IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 111 7 real real JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 111 8 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 111 9 time time NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 111 10 RT RT NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 111 11 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 111 12 PCR PCR NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 111 13 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 112 1 X x NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 112 2 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 112 3 sample sample NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 112 4 concentration concentration NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 112 5 presented present VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 112 6 by by IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 112 7 copies/ copies/ XX cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 1 μL. μL. NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 2 UDL UDL NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 3 is be VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 4 under under IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 5 detection detection NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 6 limit limit NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 7 Investigating investigate VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 8 turkey turkey NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 9 enteric enteric JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 10 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 11 circulating circulate VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 12 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 13 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 14 Southeastern Southeastern NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 15 United United NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 16 States States NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 17 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 18 Arkansas Arkansas NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 19 during during IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 20 Infection Infection NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 21 with with IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 22 a a DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 23 pathogenic pathogenic JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 24 turkey turkey NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 25 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 26 isolate isolate VBP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 27 negatively negatively RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 28 affects affect VBZ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 29 growth growth NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 30 performance performance NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 31 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 32 intestinal intestinal JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 33 morphology morphology NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 34 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 35 young young JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 36 turkey turkey NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 37 poults poult NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 38 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 39 Canada Canada NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 40 Detection Detection NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 41 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 42 turkey turkey NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 43 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 44 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 45 commercial commercial JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 46 turkey turkey NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 47 poults poult NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 48 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 113 49 Brazil Brazil NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 1 First first JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 2 full full JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 3 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 4 length length NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 5 sequences sequence NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 6 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 7 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 8 S S NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 9 gene gene NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 10 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 11 European european JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 12 isolates isolate NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 13 reveal reveal VBP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 14 further further JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 15 diversity diversity NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 16 among among IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 17 turkey turkey NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 18 coronaviruses coronaviruses NNPS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 19 Identification Identification NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 20 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 21 characterization characterization NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 22 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 23 a a DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 24 neutralizing neutralize VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 25 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 26 epitopecontaining epitopecontaine VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 27 spike spike NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 28 protein protein NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 29 fragment fragment NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 30 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 31 turkey turkey NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 32 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 33 Aromatic aromatic JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 34 amino amino JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 35 acids acid NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 36 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 37 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 38 juxtamembrane juxtamembrane NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 39 domain domain NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 40 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 41 severe severe JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 42 acute acute JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 43 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 44 syndrome syndrome NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 45 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 46 spike spike NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 47 glycoprotein glycoprotein NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 48 are be VBP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 49 important important JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 50 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 51 receptor receptor NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 52 dependent dependent JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 53 virus virus NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 54 entry entry NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 55 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 56 cell cell NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 57 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 58 cell cell NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 59 fusion fusion NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 60 Differential differential JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 61 detection detection NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 62 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 63 turkey turkey NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 64 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 65 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 66 infectious infectious JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 67 bronchitis bronchitis NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 68 virus virus NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 69 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 70 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 71 bovine bovine JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 72 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 73 by by IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 74 a a DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 75 multiplex multiplex JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 76 polymerase polymerase NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 77 chain chain NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 78 reaction reaction NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 79 Comparison comparison NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 80 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 81 virus virus NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 82 isolation isolation NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 83 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 84 immunohistochemistry immunohistochemistry NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 85 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 86 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 87 reverse reverse VB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 88 transcriptase transcriptase NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 89 polymerase polymerase NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 90 chain chain NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 91 reaction reaction NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 92 procedures procedure NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 93 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 94 detection detection NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 95 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 96 turkey turkey NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 97 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 98 Detection Detection NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 99 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 100 specific specific JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 101 polymerase polymerase NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 102 chain chain NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 103 reaction reaction NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 104 product product NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 105 by by IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 106 utilizing utilize VBG cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 107 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 108 50 50 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 109 - - SYM cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 110 30 30 CD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 111 exonuclease exonuclease NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 112 activity activity NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 113 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 114 Thermus Thermus NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 115 aquaticus aquaticus NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 116 DNA dna NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 117 polymerase polymerase NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 118 Specific specific JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 119 real real JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 120 time time NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 121 reverse reverse NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 122 transcription transcription NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 123 polymerase polymerase NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 124 chain chain NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 125 reaction reaction NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 126 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 127 detection detection NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 128 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 129 quantitation quantitation NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 130 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 131 turkey turkey NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 132 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 133 RNA RNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 134 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 135 tissues tissue NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 136 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 137 feces fece NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 138 from from IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 139 turkeys turkey NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 140 infected infect VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 141 with with IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 142 turkey turkey NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 114 143 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 1 The the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 2 protocol protocol NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 3 " " `` cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 4 Real real JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 5 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 6 time time NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 7 reverse reverse NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 8 transcription transcription NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 9 - - HYPH cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 10 polymerase polymerase NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 11 chain chain NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 12 reaction reaction NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 13 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 14 detection detection NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 15 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 16 quantitation quantitation NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 17 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 18 turkey turkey NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 19 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 20 RNA RNA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 21 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 22 feces fece NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 23 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 24 intestine intestine NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 25 tissues tissue NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 26 " " '' cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 27 outlined outline VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 28 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 29 this this DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 30 chapter chapter NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 31 had have VBD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 32 been be VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 33 successfully successfully RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 34 carried carry VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 35 out out RP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 36 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 37 the the DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 38 authors author NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 39 ' ' POS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 40 studies study NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 41 on on IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 42 molecular molecular JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 43 diagnostics diagnostic NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 44 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 45 molecular molecular JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 46 virology virology NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 47 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 48 immunology immunology NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 49 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 50 and/or and/or CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 51 vaccinology vaccinology NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 52 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 53 turkey turkey NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 54 coronaviral coronaviral NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 55 enteritis enteritis NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 115 56 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 116 1 Those those DT cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 116 2 studies study NNS cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 116 3 were be VBD cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 116 4 in in IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 116 5 part part NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 116 6 financially financially RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 116 7 supported support VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 116 8 by by IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 116 9 USDA USDA NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 116 10 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 116 11 North North NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 116 12 Carolina Carolina NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 116 13 Poultry Poultry NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 116 14 Federation Federation NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 116 15 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 116 16 and/or and/or CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 116 17 Indiana Indiana NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 116 18 Department Department NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 116 19 of of IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 116 20 Agriculture Agriculture NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 116 21 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 116 22 technically technically RB cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 116 23 assisted assist VBN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 116 24 by by IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 116 25 Drs Drs NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 116 26 . . . cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 117 1 Tom Tom NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 117 2 Brien Brien NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 117 3 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 117 4 David David NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 117 5 Hermes Hermes NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 117 6 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 117 7 Mr. Mr. NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 117 8 Tom Tom NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 117 9 Hooper Hooper NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 117 10 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 117 11 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 117 12 Ms. Ms. NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 117 13 Donna Donna NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 117 14 Schrader Schrader NNP cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 117 15 for for IN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 117 16 clinical clinical JJ cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 117 17 investigation investigation NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 117 18 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 117 19 virus virus NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 117 20 isolation isolation NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 117 21 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 117 22 propagation propagation NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 117 23 , , , cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 117 24 and and CC cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 117 25 animal animal NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 117 26 experimentation experimentation NN cord-016179-4i1n9j4x 117 27 . . .