cord-000088-1xgjdhkx	2009	
cord-004157-osol7wdp	2020	
cord-006854-o2e5na78	2018	Totally Laparoscopic ALPPS Combined with the Microwave Ablation for a Patient with a Huge HCC Hua Zhang; Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University Introduction: Associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) is a novel technique for resecting hepatic tumors that were previously considered unresectable due to the insufficient future liver remnant (FLR) which may result in postoperative liver failure (PLF). Not only does this case show that a large epiphrenic diverticulm can be successfully resected via the trans-abdominal laparoscopic approach, this case makes the argument that patients undergoing any minimally-invasive epiphrenic diverticulectomy and myotomy, with or without fundoplication, may be successfully managed with early post-operative contrast studies and dietary advancement, thus decreasing their length of hospitalization and overall cost of treatment. Introduction: There are reports of increased operative duration, blood loss and postoperative morbidity, caused by difficulties in obtaining good visualization and in controlling bleeding when laparoscopic resection is performed in obese patients with colon cancer.
cord-007303-wuuhlowd	2020	
cord-015368-a0qz4tb9	2007	
cord-022583-9lmudxrh	2016	Wenn auch je nach eingesetzter Technologie und chemisch-physikalischen Möglichkeiten der beteiligten Komponenten (Material, Wirkstoff, Imprägnierungsverfahren) eine Wirksamkeit von Objekten durch Beschichtung oder Imprägnierung mit antimikrobiellen Stoffen gegen bestimmte Mikroorganismenspezies erzielt werden kann, ist die Bezeichnung "antimikrobiell" weder mit einer spezifischen Infektionsprävention verknüpft, noch liegen ihr einheitliche Kriterien zugrunde. Die immense sozioökonomische Bedeutung der sogenannten "Surgical Site Infections" (SSI) wird anhand bundesweit erhobener epidemiologischer Daten deutlich: In der nationalen Prävalenzstudie (2011) konnte zwar gezeigt werden, dass in Deutschland die Rate an nosokomialen Infektionen (NI) mit 3,4 % im europäischen Vergleich stabil niedrig ist (in Vergleichsstudien international zwischen 6,1 % und 9,3 %), letztlich aber doch bei 18 Mio. stationär behandelten Patienten im Jahr dementsprechend 400 000 NI auftreten. Die SSI-Rate wird für geschlossene Frakturen mit 1-5 % angegeben und erreicht bei offenen Frakturen abhängig vom Ausmaß der Gewebezerstörung eine Häufigkeit von bis zu 43 %.
cord-022633-fr55uod6	2012	Staff satisfaction was evaluated through pre/ post-shift and study surveys; administrative data (physician initial assessment (PIA), length of stay (LOS), patients leaving without being seen (LWBS) and against medical advice [LAMA] ) were collected from an electronic, real-time ED information system. Communication Background: The link between extended shift lengths, sleepiness, and occupational injury or illness has been shown, in other health care populations, to be an important and preventable public health concern but heretofore has not been fully described in emergency medical services (EMS Objectives: To assess the effect of an ED-based computer screening and referral intervention for IPV victims and to determine what characteristics resulted in a positive change in their safety. Objectives: Using data from longitudinal surveys by the American Board of Emergency Medicine, the primary objective of this study was to evaluate if resident self-assessments of performance in required competencies improve over the course of graduate medical training and in the years following.
cord-024397-28qhdq16	2004	
cord-031936-46mossbr	2020	
cord-034436-yhb8m1si	2020	
cord-048487-kamvao4b	2008	
cord-103576-g5de4fwj	2020	34 In order to perform an infection risk assessment for the airborne transmission in the far field 35 and to introduce appropriate preventive measures, it would be necessary to know the amount The so-called aerosols (liquid or solid particles in a dispersed phase with a fluid) as well as 50 droplets differ by size. In equation (3), the number of infectious persons (I), the quanta emission rate depending on 74 the activity (q), the pulmonary ventilation rate of exposed susceptible persons (Qb), the 75 duration of stay (t) and the volume flow of pathogen free air (Q) was used. To calculate the predicted 156 infection risk via aerosols (PIRA) in the far field of a room the concentration of quanta (c(t)) 157 and the respiratory rate (Qb) has to be known. To reduce the risk of infection via aerosols the necessary volume flow of virus-free air 327 depending on the exposure time can be seen in Figure 5 .
cord-125295-p7q9t1se	2020	Using confirmed infections and deaths data from a variety of sources around U.S. and the world, we show that the impact of COVID-19 is highly unequal, with hot spots emerging at multiple spatial scales (3): from individual facilities (4) and city neighborhoods (5) , to U.S. counties and states (6) , to nations (7) . To better understand aggregation bias, we create a simple stochastic model that is variant of a Reed-Hughes mechanism (8), with synthetic communities in which the disease arrives at different times and grows at different rates. The size of the outbreak is highly correlated with the growth rate in the subregion; therefore, when the synthetic data is aggregated to simulate state or national statistics, these hot spots systematically amplify the estimated growth rates, much like what is observed empirically. These hot spots bias aggregated growth rates COVID-19 statistics, making the disease appear to grow faster at a larger scale than it does within the constituent communities.
cord-133468-fkwtgq69	2020	
cord-147202-clje3b2r	2020	This work provides a tutorial on building a compartmental model using Susceptibles, Exposed, Infected, Recovered and Deaths status through time. Figure shows the plots of the Active Infections, Recovered and Deaths data for Qatar for the days since February . In addition to changes in infection rates α, impulse functions can be used to model dramatic one time shifts in transitions between states. Recall that β A is associated with the Dirac delta function for impulse to model the jump in transition rate from Exposed to Infected at day . Figure shows the model ts for Active Infections, Recovered and Deaths with posterior predictive bands. This work has demonstrated how to build a SEIRD model for the Covid-outbreak in the State of Qatar, include interventions, estimate model parameters and generate posterior predictive intervals using a Bayesian framework.
cord-151183-o06mwd4d	2020	
cord-156320-xwuz4ma2	2020	
cord-167157-z0lvcb3z	2020	
cord-190254-c3ne3n1l	2020	We develop and analyze a monetary policy for PoPCoin that embodies these equitability goals in two basic rules that maybe summarized as supporting equal opportunity in"space"and"time": the first by regularly distributing new money equally to all participants much like a basic income, the second by holding the aggregate value of these distributions to a constant and non-diminishing portion of total money supply through demurrage. Through preliminary economic analysis, we find that these rules in combination yield a unique form of money with numerous intriguing and promising properties, such as a quantifiable and provable upper bound on monetary inequality, a natural"early adopter''s reward"that could incentivize rapid growth while tapering off as participation saturates, resistance to the risk of deflationary spirals, and migration incentives opposite those created by conventional basic incomes.
cord-195263-i4wyhque	2020	
cord-254737-pv68fb7d	2020	
cord-256201-vjzfzshh	2015	
cord-258145-usr7b6dk	2020	
cord-260039-k9rs3dql	2020	
cord-260299-0blol7to	2020	In this study, the case‐increase, case‐fatality, and case‐recovery rates of COVID‐19 in 36 European countries were analyzed with the meta‐analysis method using data released by the health organizations and WHO. Therefore, the epidemiological characteristics, case-increase, casefatality, and case-recovery rate of COVID-19 in Europe using the data of a 3-month period from 24 January until today were found using the method of meta-analysis. All search results were evaluated ( Figure 1) according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) and the final analysis was conducted on 1 744 704 COVID-19 diagnosed cases in 36 countries. The study examined the increase of COVID-19 cases in European countries using cross-temporal meta-analysis. Increase in COVID-19 cases and case-fatality and case-recovery rates in Europe: A cross-temporal meta-analysis
cord-268118-lysrwv2f	2020	If the (a) fraction of the population that were NUHI-eligible on a given day were known and if (b) deCODE testing was a random sample of the NUHI-ineligible, then the first expression in (1) could be evaluated directly using data on the NUHI positive testing rate, Pr( = 1| = 1), and the rate of infection among the NUHI-ineligible, ( ) . The term f NE can estimated directly from NUHI testing data, and the term λ0 can be estimated by the proportion of Icelanders who see a doctor about flu-like symptoms, see Appendix Section B for more details. The primary estimate of the lower bound using the eligibility window method uses the infection rate among the asymptomatic from the deCODE tests and assumes that none of the NUHI-ineligible quarantined are infected; this yields an undetected rate of 88.7% (95% confidence interval 83.9% to 93.5%).
cord-270803-jtv5jmkn	2011	
cord-274456-rzrfkkci	2020	"to regulate the issue of Bank notes and keeping of reserves with a view to securing monetary stability in India and generally to operate the currency and credit system of the country to its advantage; to have a modern monetary policy framework to meet the challenge of an increasingly complex economy; to maintain price stability while keeping in mind the objective of growth." Based on RBI''s Report of the Expert Committee to Revise and Strengthen the Monetary Policy Framework (2014, Chairman: Dr Urjit R Patel), a formal transition was made in 2016 towards flexible inflation targeting and a six member Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) was constituted for setting the policy repo rate. It may be noted that before the constitution of the MPC, a Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) on Monetary Policy was set up in 2005 which consisted of external experts from monetary economics, central banking, financial markets and public finance.
cord-279728-kbnz1sy3	2020	
cord-279892-37vyazby	2017	
cord-284945-837qlk8y	2020	Using data for all 84 countries with reliable testing data (spanning 4.75 billion people) we develop a dynamic epidemiological model integrating data on cases, deaths, excess mortality and other factors to estimate how asymptomatic transmission, disease acuity, hospitalization, and behavioral and policy responses to risk condition prevalence and IFR across nations and over time. Our model captures transmission dynamics for the disease, as well as how, at the country level, transmission rates vary in response to risk perception and weather, testing rates condition infection and death data, and fatality rates depend on demographics and hospitalization. Using testing rate time series and various country-level data points (e.g. population, hospital capacity, comorbidities, age distribution), the model endogenously simulates confirmed new daily cases and deaths over time and matches them against observed data by maximizing the likelihood of observing those data given the model parameters.
cord-285105-72v6qufw	2020	
cord-288303-88c6qsek	2020	
cord-289692-fraczoxu	2020	
cord-291501-9dhldjjp	2020	A culture that more and more is moving in the direction of a virtual existence with a preference to limit human contact and only communicate through a digital interface that eliminates our deepest anxieties and fears. In an effort to urge greater resiliency of her constituency in the fight against the coronavirus which continues to infect thousands of people every day, just here in the state of California, she noted: "…this is not the end. Roosevelt: "We have nothing to fear but fear itself." The political policies to fight COVID-19 and "flatten the curve" of infection have been successful and have reduced conversion rates so that hospital ERs and ICUs are not overburdened, ensuring that patients with coronavirus throughout the world receive optimal care. It is clear that one of the reasons for the higher death rate in Italy may relate to severely ill COVID patients who did not receive necessary supportive care in time because hospitals were overwhelmed by deathly sick coronavirus patients.
cord-291837-qz4g4v1u	2020	We perform a statistical analysis for understanding the effect of the environmental temperature on the exponential growth rate of the cases infected by COVID-19 for US and Italian regions. In particular, we analyze the datasets of regional infected cases, derive the growth rates for regions characterized by readable exponential growth phase in their evolution spread curve and plot them against the environmental temperatures averaged within the same regions, derive the relationship between temperature and growth rate, and evaluate its statistical confidence. The results clearly support the first reported statistically significant relationship of negative correlation between the average environmental temperature and exponential growth rates of the infected cases. First, we derive the exponential growth rates of the infected cases characterizing each examined region of Italy and US; then, we plot these values against the environmental temperatures of each region, and perform the corresponding statistical analysis.
cord-293301-7bmj8qsv	2020	
cord-298871-g7mqsbct	2020	Accordingly, the State Secretariat for Economic Affairs currently expects the unemployment rate to average 4.1% in the coming year, eventually reaching 7% if the shutdown persists, and this despite the fact that over a quarter of the employed are presently working short time to avoid unemployment. In other words, they correspond to the unemployment rate and the share of long-term unemployed that the risk and duration of unemployment prevailing in a given calendar month imply stochastically in a steady state, i.e., in the longer term. The curves in Fig. 3 imply that, based on the risk and expected duration of unemployment prevailing in June 2020, the seasonally adjusted unemployment rate of 3.7% at the end of June will exceed 6% in 5 months, a level that the indicator last reached in the early 1990s.
cord-305431-re5jstvi	2020	
cord-314206-caxz025z	2010	Compared with controls, the EAPR resulted in significant decreases in breathing rate at both work rates and significantly increased tidal volume at the 1.7-mph work rate; otherwise, there were no statistically significant differences in measured physiological variables (Tables 1 and 2) There were no significant differences in mean mixed inhalation/exhalation respirator dead space carbon dioxide concentrations at 1.7 mph and 2.5 mph (P 5 .61) or respirator dead space oxygen concentrations at 1.7 mph or 2.5 mph (P 5 .80) ( Table 2 ). The study data indicate that the use of an EAPR by healthy HCWs, over 1 hour at work rates associated with the health care environment, was associated with statistically significant decreases in the breathing rate at 1.7 mph (P 5 .02) and 2.5 mph (P 5 .03) that was compensated by a significant increase in the tidal volume at 1.7 mph (P 5 .009) and nonsignificant increase at 2.5 mph (P 5 .14) compared with controls (Table 3) .
cord-314235-08z2jyzd	2020	
cord-316073-zm3ih55y	2005	
cord-321966-q0if8li9	2020	However, current surveillance systems, including foodborne disease surveillance in the United States, often compress time series records to simplistic annual trends [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] and describe seasonality by the month(s) with the highest cases per year or the first month of outbreak onset [14] [15] [16] [17] [18] [19] . " These plots can effectively illustrate multiple dimensions of information including different time units (e.g. yearly, monthly), disease statistics (e.g. pathogens, rates, counts), seasonality characteristics (e.g. peak timing, amplitude), and locations (e.g. state-level, national). The top-left panel provides an overlay of all annual seasonal signatures, a set of curves depicting characteristic variations in disease incidence over the course of one year, where line hues become increasingly darker with more recent data and a red line indicates median monthly rates, as in Fig. 1 .
cord-323943-9916y6x0	2020	
cord-324650-rsp72rx8	2020	
cord-326296-a6ldr0mn	2020	A new strategy, coined a "Method for Active Pandemic Curve Management", abbreviated MAPCM, presented herein can shape the outbreak curve in a controlled manner for optimal utilization of healthcare resources during the pandemic, while drastically shortening the outbreak duration compared to mitigation by itself without trading off lives. • programmable curve in amplitude and duration • customizable to meet available resources • eliminates the exponential peak • optimizes utilization of healthcare capacity • reduces fatality rate through better healthcare • shortens outbreak duration & disruption to normal life • minimizes the cost of containment • Does not keep economy at standstill • Gradually brings economy back online from day one • Not Magic! In fact, the curves for projected hospitalizations with full mitigation remain exponential with peak amplitudes that still exceed available healthcare capacities as shown in Figure 2 and again in Figure 3 , which depicts new cases being reported daily under a few different strategies.
cord-326820-11sl17ap	2020	
cord-328069-a9fi9ssg	2020	
cord-328104-triub2h6	2020	
cord-333181-maep6fie	2020	
cord-336071-t7c0drft	2020	
cord-336743-udokbcki	2020	
cord-342730-b7y8mybg	2011	
cord-344008-h4kc04w0	2020	
cord-344969-q1wqfeh7	2020	
cord-349548-loi1vs5y	2020	
cord-354117-aunut5gj	2020