id sid tid token lemma pos cord-304054-sn7rswab 1 1 key key NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 1 2 : : : cord-304054-sn7rswab 1 3 cord-304054-sn7rswab cord-304054-sn7rswab CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 1 4 authors author NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 1 5 : : : cord-304054-sn7rswab 1 6 Khan Khan NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 1 7 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 1 8 Gulfaraz Gulfaraz NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 1 9 ; ; : cord-304054-sn7rswab 1 10 Sheek Sheek NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 1 11 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 1 12 Hussein Hussein NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 1 13 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 2 1 Mohamud Mohamud NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 2 2 title title NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 2 3 : : : cord-304054-sn7rswab 2 4 Chapter chapter NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 2 5 8 8 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 3 1 The the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 3 2 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 3 3 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 3 4 Respiratory Respiratory NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 3 5 Syndrome Syndrome NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 3 6 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 3 7 : : : cord-304054-sn7rswab 4 1 An an DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 4 2 Emerging Emerging NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 4 3 Virus Virus NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 4 4 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 4 5 Global Global NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 4 6 Threat Threat NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 4 7 date date NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 4 8 : : : cord-304054-sn7rswab 4 9 2020 2020 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 4 10 - - SYM cord-304054-sn7rswab 4 11 12 12 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 4 12 - - SYM cord-304054-sn7rswab 4 13 31 31 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 4 14 journal journal NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 4 15 : : : cord-304054-sn7rswab 4 16 Emerging emerge VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 4 17 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 4 18 Reemerging reemerge VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 4 19 Viral Viral NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 4 20 Pathogens Pathogens NNPS cord-304054-sn7rswab 4 21 DOI doi NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 4 22 : : : cord-304054-sn7rswab 5 1 10.1016 10.1016 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 5 2 / / SYM cord-304054-sn7rswab 5 3 b978 b978 NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 5 4 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 5 5 0 0 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 5 6 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 5 7 12 12 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 5 8 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 5 9 819400 819400 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 5 10 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 5 11 3.00008 3.00008 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 5 12 - - SYM cord-304054-sn7rswab 5 13 9 9 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 5 14 sha sha NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 5 15 : : : cord-304054-sn7rswab 5 16 5b60249e0ce1fdd295a48bdc922ae20da0b60959 5b60249e0ce1fdd295a48bdc922ae20da0b60959 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 5 17 doc_id doc_id CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 5 18 : : : cord-304054-sn7rswab 5 19 304054 304054 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 5 20 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 5 21 : : : cord-304054-sn7rswab 6 1 sn7rswab sn7rswab NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 7 1 Abstract Abstract NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 7 2 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 7 3 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 7 4 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 7 5 syndrome syndrome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 7 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 7 7 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 7 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 7 9 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 7 10 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 7 11 viral viral JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 7 12 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 7 13 illness illness NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 7 14 caused cause VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 7 15 by by IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 7 16 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 7 17 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 7 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 7 19 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 7 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 7 21 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 7 22 first first RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 7 23 identified identify VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 7 24 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 7 25 Saudi Saudi NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 7 26 Arabia Arabia NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 7 27 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 7 28 2012 2012 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 7 29 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 8 1 Since since IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 8 2 then then RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 8 3 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 8 4 almost almost RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 8 5 2000 2000 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 8 6 cases case NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 8 7 have have VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 8 8 been be VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 8 9 reported report VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 8 10 from from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 8 11 27 27 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 8 12 countries country NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 8 13 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 8 14 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 8 15 Saudi Saudi NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 8 16 Arabia Arabia NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 8 17 being be VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 8 18 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 8 19 epicenter epicenter NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 8 20 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 9 1 This this DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 9 2 newly newly RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 9 3 emerging emerge VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 9 4 virus virus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 9 5 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 9 6 highly highly RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 9 7 pathogenic pathogenic JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 9 8 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 9 9 has have VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 9 10 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 9 11 case case NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 9 12 mortality mortality NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 9 13 rate rate NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 9 14 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 9 15 35 35 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 9 16 % % NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 9 17 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 2 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 3 similar similar JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 4 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 5 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 6 CoV cov NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 7 causing cause VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 8 severe severe JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 9 acute acute JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 10 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 11 syndrome syndrome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 12 CoV cov NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 14 SARS SARS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 15 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 16 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 18 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 19 that that DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 20 both both DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 21 belong belong VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 22 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 23 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 24 genus genus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 25 beta beta NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 26 CoVs CoVs NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 27 that that WDT cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 28 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 29 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 30 zoonotic zoonotic JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 31 origin origin NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 32 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 33 cause cause VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 34 lower low JJR cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 35 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 36 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 10 37 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 11 1 The the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 11 2 natural natural JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 11 3 reservoir reservoir NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 11 4 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 11 5 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 11 6 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 11 7 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 11 8 remains remain VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 11 9 unknown unknown JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 11 10 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 12 1 Serological serological JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 12 2 studies study NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 12 3 indicate indicate VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 12 4 that that IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 12 5 most most JJS cord-304054-sn7rswab 12 6 dromedary dromedary NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 12 7 camels camel NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 12 8 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 12 9 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 12 10 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 12 11 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 12 12 have have VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 12 13 been be VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 12 14 infected infect VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 12 15 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 12 16 this this DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 12 17 virus virus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 12 18 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 12 19 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 12 20 they -PRON- PRP cord-304054-sn7rswab 12 21 maybe maybe RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 12 22 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 12 23 potential potential JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 12 24 intermediate intermediate JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 12 25 host host NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 12 26 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 13 1 However however RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 13 2 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 13 3 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 13 4 mode mode NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 13 5 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 13 6 transmission transmission NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 13 7 from from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 13 8 camels camel NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 13 9 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 13 10 humans human NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 13 11 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 13 12 poorly poorly RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 13 13 understood understand VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 13 14 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 14 1 The the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 14 2 majority majority NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 14 3 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 14 4 confirmed confirm VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 14 5 human human JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 14 6 cases case NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 14 7 have have VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 14 8 resulted result VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 14 9 from from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 14 10 human human NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 14 11 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 14 12 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 14 13 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 14 14 human human JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 14 15 transmission transmission NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 14 16 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 14 17 most most RBS cord-304054-sn7rswab 14 18 probably probably RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 14 19 via via IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 14 20 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 14 21 route route NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 14 22 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 1 Patients patient NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 2 most most RBS cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 3 at at IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 4 risk risk NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 5 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 6 developing develop VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 7 severe severe JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 8 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 9 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 10 CoV cov NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 11 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 12 appear appear VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 13 to to TO cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 14 be be VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 15 those those DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 16 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 17 underlying underlying JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 18 conditions condition NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 19 such such JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 20 as as IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 21 diabetes diabetes NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 22 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 23 hypertension hypertension NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 24 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 25 obesity obesity NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 26 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 27 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 28 diseases disease NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 29 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 30 chronic chronic JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 31 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 32 diseases disease NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 33 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 34 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 35 cancer cancer NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 15 36 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 16 1 Unlike unlike IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 16 2 SARS SARS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 16 3 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 16 4 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 16 5 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 16 6 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 16 7 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 16 8 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 16 9 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 16 10 considered consider VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 16 11 an an DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 16 12 ongoing ongoing JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 16 13 public public JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 16 14 health health NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 16 15 problem problem NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 16 16 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 16 17 particularly particularly RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 16 18 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 16 19 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 16 20 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 16 21 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 16 22 region region NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 16 23 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 1 In in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 2 this this DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 3 chapter chapter NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 4 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 5 we -PRON- PRP cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 6 outline outline VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 7 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 8 prevailing prevail VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 9 information information NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 10 regarding regard VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 11 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 12 emergence emergence NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 13 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 14 epidemiology epidemiology NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 15 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 16 this this DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 17 virus virus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 18 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 19 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 20 mode mode NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 21 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 22 transmission transmission NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 23 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 24 pathogenicity pathogenicity NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 25 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 26 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 27 clinical clinical JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 28 features feature NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 29 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 30 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 31 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 32 potential potential JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 33 strategies strategy NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 34 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 35 prevention prevention NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 17 36 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 18 1 renal renal JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 18 2 failure failure NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 18 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 19 1 Zaki Zaki NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 19 2 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 19 3 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 19 4 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 20 1 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 20 2 2012 2012 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 20 3 ; ; : cord-304054-sn7rswab 20 4 Khan Khan NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 20 5 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 20 6 2013 2013 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 20 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 20 8 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 1 From from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 2 2012 2012 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 3 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 4 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 5 end end NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 6 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 7 2017 2017 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 8 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 9 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 10 World World NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 11 Health Health NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 12 Organization Organization NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 13 reported report VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 14 that that IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 15 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 16 total total NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 17 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 18 2123 2123 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 19 laboratories laboratory NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 20 confirmed confirm VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 21 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 22 cases case NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 23 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 24 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 25 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 26 CoV cov NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 27 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 28 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 29 at at IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 30 least least JJS cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 31 740 740 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 32 deaths death NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 33 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 34 27 27 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 35 countries country NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 37 case case NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 38 fatality fatality NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 39 rate rate NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 40 35 35 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 41 % % NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 21 43 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 22 1 Although although IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 22 2 sizable sizable JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 22 3 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 22 4 have have VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 22 5 been be VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 22 6 noted note VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 22 7 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 22 8 several several JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 22 9 countries country NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 22 10 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 22 11 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 22 12 latest late JJS cord-304054-sn7rswab 22 13 being being NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 22 14 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 22 15 South South NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 22 16 Korea Korea NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 22 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 22 18 186 186 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 22 19 cases case NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 22 20 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 22 21 35 35 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 22 22 deaths death NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 22 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 2 Arabi Arabi NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 3 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 4 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 5 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 6 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 7 2017 2017 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 9 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 10 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 11 vast vast JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 12 number number NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 13 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 14 cases case NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 16 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 17 80 80 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 18 % % NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 20 have have VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 21 been be VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 22 reported report VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 23 from from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 24 Saudi Saudi NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 25 Arabia Arabia NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 27 Fig Fig NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 28 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 29 8.1 8.1 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 32 WHO who WP cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 33 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 34 2017 2017 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 23 36 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 24 1 This this DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 24 2 newly newly RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 24 3 emerging emerge VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 24 4 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 24 5 highly highly RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 24 6 pathogenic pathogenic JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 24 7 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 24 8 virus virus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 24 9 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 24 10 closely closely RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 24 11 related related JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 24 12 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 24 13 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 24 14 virus virus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 24 15 that that WDT cord-304054-sn7rswab 24 16 caused cause VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 24 17 an an DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 24 18 outbreak outbreak NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 24 19 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 24 20 severe severe JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 24 21 acute acute JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 24 22 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 24 23 syndrome syndrome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 24 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 24 25 SARS SARS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 24 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 24 27 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 24 28 2002À03 2002à03 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 24 29 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 25 1 Both both DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 25 2 viruses virus NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 25 3 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 25 4 beta beta JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 25 5 CoVs covs NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 25 6 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 25 7 zoonotic zoonotic JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 25 8 origin origin NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 25 9 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 25 10 cause cause VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 25 11 similar similar JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 25 12 clinical clinical JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 25 13 presentations presentation NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 25 14 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 1 Although although IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 2 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 3 natural natural JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 4 reservoir reservoir NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 5 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 6 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 7 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 8 CoV cov NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 9 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 10 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 11 mode mode NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 12 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 13 transmission transmission NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 14 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 15 humans human NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 16 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 17 not not RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 18 known know VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 19 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 20 one one CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 21 factor factor NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 22 appears appear VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 23 to to TO cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 24 be be VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 25 common common JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 26 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 27 all all DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 28 primary primary JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 29 cases case NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 30 ; ; : cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 31 they -PRON- PRP cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 32 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 33 epidemiologically epidemiologically RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 34 linked link VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 35 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 36 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 37 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 38 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 39 region region NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 26 40 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 27 1 Most Most JJS cord-304054-sn7rswab 27 2 secondary secondary JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 27 3 cases case NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 27 4 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 27 5 on on IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 27 6 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 27 7 other other JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 27 8 hand hand NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 27 9 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 27 10 have have VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 27 11 occurred occur VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 27 12 as as IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 27 13 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 27 14 result result NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 27 15 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 27 16 human human NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 27 17 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 27 18 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 27 19 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 27 20 human human JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 27 21 transmission transmission NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 27 22 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 28 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 28 2 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 28 3 several several JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 28 4 well well RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 28 5 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 28 6 documented document VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 28 7 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 28 8 have have VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 28 9 occurred occur VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 28 10 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 28 11 healthcare healthcare NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 28 12 settings setting NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 28 13 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 28 14 often often RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 28 15 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 28 16 elderly elderly JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 28 17 men man NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 28 18 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 28 19 comorbidities comorbiditie NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 28 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 28 21 Arabi Arabi NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 28 22 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 28 23 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 28 24 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 29 1 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 29 2 2017 2017 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 29 3 ; ; : cord-304054-sn7rswab 29 4 Chafekar Chafekar NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 29 5 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 29 6 Fielding Fielding NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 29 7 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 29 8 2018 2018 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 29 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 29 10 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 30 1 Unlike unlike IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 30 2 SARS SARS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 30 3 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 30 4 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 30 5 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 30 6 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 30 7 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 30 8 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 30 9 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 30 10 an an DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 30 11 ongoing ongoing JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 30 12 public public JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 30 13 health health NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 30 14 threat threat NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 30 15 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 30 16 particularly particularly RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 30 17 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 30 18 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 30 19 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 30 20 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 30 21 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 31 1 The the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 31 2 fact fact NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 31 3 that that IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 31 4 there there EX cord-304054-sn7rswab 31 5 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 31 6 no no DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 31 7 effective effective JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 31 8 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 31 9 drug drug NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 31 10 or or CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 31 11 approved approve VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 31 12 vaccine vaccine NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 31 13 available available JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 31 14 against against IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 31 15 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 31 16 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 31 17 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 31 18 makes make VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 31 19 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 31 20 threat threat NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 31 21 even even RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 31 22 more more RBR cord-304054-sn7rswab 31 23 worrisome worrisome JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 32 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 32 2 Zumla Zumla NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 32 3 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 32 4 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 32 5 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 32 6 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 32 7 2016 2016 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 32 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 32 9 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 33 1 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 33 2 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 33 3 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 33 4 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 33 5 an an DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 33 6 enveloped envelop VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 33 7 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 33 8 single single JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 33 9 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 33 10 strand strand NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 33 11 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 33 12 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 33 13 positive positive JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 33 14 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 33 15 sense sense NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 33 16 RNA RNA NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 33 17 virus virus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 33 18 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 33 19 which which WDT cord-304054-sn7rswab 33 20 belongs belong VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 33 21 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 33 22 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 33 23 Coronaviridae Coronaviridae NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 33 24 family family NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 33 25 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 1 Although although IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 2 CoVs CoVs NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 3 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 4 very very RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 5 common common JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 6 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 7 can can MD cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 8 infect infect VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 9 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 10 variety variety NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 11 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 12 different different JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 13 animals animal NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 14 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 15 including include VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 16 cats cat NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 17 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 18 pigs pig NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 19 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 20 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 21 bats bat NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 22 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 23 they -PRON- PRP cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 24 rarely rarely RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 25 jump jump VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 26 species specie NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 27 barrier barrier NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 28 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 29 infect infect VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 30 humans human NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 34 31 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 1 Human human JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 2 CoVs CoVs NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 4 HCoVs HCoVs NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 6 were be VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 7 first first RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 8 isolated isolate VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 9 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 10 mid-1960s mid-1960 NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 11 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 12 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 13 until until IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 14 2002 2002 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 15 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 16 only only RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 17 two two CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 18 viruses virus NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 19 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 20 namely namely RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 21 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 22 HCoV-229E HCoV-229E NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 23 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 24 HCoV HCoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 25 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 26 OC43 OC43 NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 27 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 28 were be VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 29 known know VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 30 to to TO cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 31 infect infect VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 35 32 humans human NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 36 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 36 2 Forni Forni NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 36 3 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 36 4 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 36 5 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 36 6 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 36 7 2017 2017 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 36 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 36 9 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 37 1 Currently currently RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 37 2 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 37 3 six six CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 37 4 CoVs cov NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 37 5 have have VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 37 6 been be VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 37 7 shown show VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 37 8 to to TO cord-304054-sn7rswab 37 9 infect infect VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 37 10 humans human NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 37 11 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 38 1 Except except IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 38 2 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 38 3 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 38 4 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 38 5 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 38 6 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 38 7 SARS SARS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 38 8 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 38 9 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 38 10 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 38 11 all all DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 38 12 others other NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 38 13 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 38 14 associated associate VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 38 15 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 38 16 mild mild JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 38 17 illnesses illness NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 38 18 resembling resemble VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 38 19 common common JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 38 20 cold cold NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 38 21 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 39 1 CoVs CoVs NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 39 2 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 39 3 grouped group VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 39 4 into into IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 39 5 four four CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 39 6 genera genus NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 39 7 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 39 8 α α NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 39 9 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 39 10 β β NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 39 11 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 39 12 γ γ NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 39 13 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 39 14 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 39 15 δ δ NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 39 16 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 1 The the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 2 β β NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 3 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 4 CoVs CoVs NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 5 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 6 further further RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 7 subgrouped subgroupe VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 8 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 9 four four CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 10 lineages lineage NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 11 or or CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 12 clades clade NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 13 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 14 AÀD AÀD NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 16 Forni Forni NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 17 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 18 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 19 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 20 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 21 2017 2017 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 22 ; ; : cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 23 Milne Milne NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 24 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 25 Price Price NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 26 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 27 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 28 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 29 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 30 2014 2014 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 40 32 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 1 Although although IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 2 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 3 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 4 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 5 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 6 SARS SARS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 7 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 8 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 9 belong belong VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 10 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 11 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 12 same same JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 13 genus genus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 14 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 15 both both DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 16 cause cause VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 17 severe severe JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 18 lower low JJR cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 19 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 20 tract tract NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 21 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 22 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 23 humans human NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 24 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 25 phylogenetic phylogenetic JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 26 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 27 sequencing sequencing NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 28 data datum NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 29 suggests suggest VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 30 that that IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 31 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 32 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 33 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 34 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 35 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 36 fact fact NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 37 more more RBR cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 38 closely closely RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 39 related related JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 40 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 41 several several JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 42 bat bat NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 43 CoVs CoVs NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 44 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 45 BtCoVs BtCoVs NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 47 than than IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 48 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 49 SARS SARS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 50 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 51 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 52 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 53 Fig Fig NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 41 54 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 42 1 8 8 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 42 2 .2 .2 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 42 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 43 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 43 2 Forni Forni NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 43 3 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 43 4 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 43 5 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 43 6 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 43 7 2017 2017 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 43 8 ; ; : cord-304054-sn7rswab 43 9 Milne Milne NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 43 10 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 43 11 Price Price NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 43 12 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 43 13 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 43 14 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 43 15 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 43 16 2014 2014 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 43 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 43 18 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 1 These these DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 2 findings finding NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 3 suggest suggest VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 4 that that IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 5 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 6 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 7 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 8 probably probably RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 9 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 10 originated originate VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 11 from from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 12 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 13 BtCoV BtCoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 14 ancestor ancestor NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 16 Omrani Omrani NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 17 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 18 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 19 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 20 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 21 2015 2015 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 22 ; ; : cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 23 Chan Chan NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 24 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 25 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 26 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 27 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 28 2015a 2015a CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 29 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 30 b b LS cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 44 32 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 1 The the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 2 fact fact NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 3 that that IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 4 CoVs CoVs NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 5 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 6 RNA RNA NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 7 viruses virus NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 8 exhibiting exhibit VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 9 high high JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 10 rates rate NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 11 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 12 mutation mutation NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 13 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 14 recombination recombination NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 15 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 16 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 17 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 18 propensity propensity NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 19 to to TO cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 20 cross cross VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 21 species species NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 22 barrier barrier NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 23 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 24 increases increase VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 25 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 26 risk risk NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 27 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 28 new new JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 29 variants variant NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 30 emerging emerge VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 31 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 32 higher high JJR cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 33 virulence virulence NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 34 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 35 transmission transmission NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 36 Sabir Sabir NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 37 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 38 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 39 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 40 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 41 2015 2015 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 45 43 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 1 The the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 2 replication replication NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 3 cycle cycle NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 4 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 5 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 6 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 7 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 8 consists consist VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 9 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 10 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 11 number number NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 12 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 13 important important JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 14 steps step NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 15 : : : cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 16 attachment attachment NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 17 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 18 entry entry NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 19 into into IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 20 host host NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 21 cell cell NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 22 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 23 uncoating uncoating NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 24 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 25 release release NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 26 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 27 viral viral JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 28 RNA RNA NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 29 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 30 transcription transcription NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 31 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 32 translation translation NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 33 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 34 viral viral JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 35 specific specific JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 36 genes gene NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 37 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 38 replication replication NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 39 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 40 viral viral JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 41 genomic genomic JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 42 RNA RNA NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 43 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 44 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 45 assembly assembly NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 46 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 47 release release NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 48 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 49 progeny progeny JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 50 virions virion NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 51 from from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 52 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 53 infected infected JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 54 cell cell NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 46 55 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 1 As as IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 2 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 3 typical typical JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 4 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 5 most most JJS cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 6 RNA RNA NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 7 viruses virus NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 8 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 9 all all DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 10 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 11 these these DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 12 steps step NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 13 take take VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 14 place place NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 15 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 16 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 17 cytoplasm cytoplasm NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 18 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 19 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 20 host host NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 21 cell cell NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 23 de de FW cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 24 Wit Wit NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 25 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 26 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 27 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 28 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 29 2016 2016 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 47 31 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 1 The the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 2 initial initial JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 3 attachment attachment NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 4 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 5 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 6 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 7 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 8 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 9 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 10 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 11 host host NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 12 cells cell NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 13 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 14 mediated mediate VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 15 by by IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 16 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 17 viral viral JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 18 envelop envelop NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 19 spike spike NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 20 glycoprotein glycoprotein NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 21 S s NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 22 binding bind VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 23 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 24 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 25 cellular cellular JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 26 receptor receptor NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 27 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 28 CD26 CD26 NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 30 also also RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 31 known know VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 32 as as IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 33 dipeptidyl dipeptidyl JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 34 peptidase peptidase NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 35 4 4 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 36 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 37 DPP4 DPP4 NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 39 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 40 Lu Lu NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 41 et et FW cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 42 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 43 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 44 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 45 2013 2013 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 46 ; ; : cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 47 Raj Raj NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 48 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 49 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 50 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 51 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 52 2013 2013 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 53 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 48 54 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 1 A a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 2 number number NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 3 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 4 different different JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 5 cell cell NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 6 types type NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 7 express express VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 8 DPP4 DPP4 NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 9 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 10 hence hence RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 11 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 12 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 13 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 14 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 15 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 16 CoV cov NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 17 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 18 including include VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 19 pneumocytes pneumocyte NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 20 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 21 alveolar alveolar NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 22 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 23 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 24 bronchial bronchial JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 25 epithelia epithelium NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 26 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 27 vascular vascular JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 28 endothelium endothelium NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 29 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 30 as as RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 31 well well RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 32 as as IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 33 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 34 subset subset NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 35 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 36 mononuclear mononuclear JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 37 cells cell NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 39 Meyerholz Meyerholz NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 40 et et FW cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 41 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 42 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 43 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 44 2016 2016 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 45 ; ; : cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 46 Yu Yu NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 47 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 48 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 49 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 50 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 51 2017 2017 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 52 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 49 53 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 1 Following follow VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 2 attachment attachment NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 3 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 4 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 5 virus virus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 6 enters enter VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 7 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 8 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 9 cell cell NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 10 by by IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 11 fusion fusion NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 12 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 13 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 14 envelope envelope NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 15 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 16 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 17 plasma plasma NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 18 membrane membrane NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 19 and/or and/or CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 20 via via IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 21 receptor receptor NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 22 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 23 mediated mediate VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 24 endocytosis endocytosis NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 26 de de FW cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 27 Wit Wit NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 28 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 29 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 30 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 31 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 32 2016 2016 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 50 34 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 1 Once once RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 2 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 3 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 4 cytoplasm cytoplasm NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 5 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 6 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 7 target target NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 8 cell cell NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 9 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 10 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 11 virus virus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 12 particle particle NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 13 uncoats uncoat NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 14 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 15 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 16 positive positive JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 17 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 18 sense sense NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 19 viral viral JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 20 RNA rna NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 21 binds bind VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 22 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 23 ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 24 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 25 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 26 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 27 viral viral JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 28 RNA RNA NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 29 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 30 dependent dependent JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 31 RNA RNA NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 32 polymerase polymerase NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 33 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 34 translated translate VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 51 35 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 52 1 This this DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 52 2 enzyme enzyme NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 52 3 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 52 4 turn turn NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 52 5 transcribes transcribe VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 52 6 full full JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 52 7 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 52 8 length length NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 52 9 negative negative JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 52 10 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 52 11 sense sense NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 52 12 RNA RNA NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 52 13 that that WDT cord-304054-sn7rswab 52 14 forms form VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 52 15 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 52 16 template template NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 52 17 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 52 18 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 52 19 production production NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 52 20 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 52 21 positive positive JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 52 22 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 52 23 sense sense NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 52 24 viral viral JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 52 25 genome genome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 52 26 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 53 1 The the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 53 2 viral viral JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 53 3 polymerase polymerase NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 53 4 also also RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 53 5 generates generate VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 53 6 various various JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 53 7 individual individual NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 53 8 mRNAs mRNAs NNPS cord-304054-sn7rswab 53 9 that that WDT cord-304054-sn7rswab 53 10 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 53 11 translated translate VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 53 12 into into IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 53 13 viral viral JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 53 14 proteins protein NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 53 15 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 1 Viral viral JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 2 structural structural JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 3 proteins protein NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 4 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 5 viral viral JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 6 genomic genomic JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 7 RNA RNA NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 8 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 9 assembled assemble VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 10 into into IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 11 new new JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 12 virus virus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 13 particles particle NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 14 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 15 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 16 rough rough JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 17 endoplasmic endoplasmic NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 18 reticulum reticulum NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 19 - - : cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 20 Golgi Golgi NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 21 intermediate intermediate JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 22 compartment compartment NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 23 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 24 eventually eventually RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 25 released release VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 26 out out IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 27 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 28 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 29 cell cell NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 30 by by IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 31 exocytosis exocytosis NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 54 32 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 55 1 From from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 55 2 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 55 3 infected infected JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 55 4 host host NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 55 5 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 55 6 it -PRON- PRP cord-304054-sn7rswab 55 7 appears appear VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 55 8 that that IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 55 9 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 55 10 virus virus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 55 11 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 55 12 shed shed VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 55 13 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 55 14 nasal nasal NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 55 15 secretions secretion NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 55 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 55 17 Adney Adney NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 55 18 et et FW cord-304054-sn7rswab 55 19 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 55 20 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 55 21 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 55 22 2014 2014 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 55 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 55 24 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 1 Interestingly interestingly RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 2 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 3 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 4 bats bat NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 5 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 6 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 7 recent recent JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 8 study study NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 9 revealed reveal VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 10 that that IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 11 DPP4 DPP4 NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 12 receptor receptor NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 13 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 14 rarely rarely RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 15 expressed express VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 16 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 17 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 18 cells cell NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 19 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 20 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 21 tract tract NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 22 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 23 but but CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 24 highly highly RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 25 expressed express VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 26 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 27 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 28 cells cell NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 29 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 30 intestinal intestinal JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 31 tract tract NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 32 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 33 indicating indicate VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 34 that that IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 35 fecalÀoral fecalàoral NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 36 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 37 probably probably RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 38 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 39 main main JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 40 mode mode NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 41 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 42 transmission transmission NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 43 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 44 bats bat NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 45 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 46 Widagdo Widagdo NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 47 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 48 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 49 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 50 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 51 2017 2017 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 52 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 56 53 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 57 1 Of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 57 2 all all PDT cord-304054-sn7rswab 57 3 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 57 4 documented document VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 57 5 cases case NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 57 6 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 57 7 date date NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 57 8 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 57 9 there there EX cord-304054-sn7rswab 57 10 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 57 11 no no DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 57 12 evidence evidence NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 57 13 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 57 14 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 57 15 transmission transmission NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 57 16 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 57 17 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 57 18 virus virus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 57 19 from from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 57 20 bats bat NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 57 21 or or CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 57 22 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-304054-sn7rswab 57 23 droppings dropping NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 57 24 directly directly RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 57 25 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 57 26 humans human NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 57 27 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 58 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-304054-sn7rswab 58 2 also also RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 58 3 have have VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 58 4 limited limit VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 58 5 data datum NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 58 6 on on IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 58 7 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 58 8 survival survival NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 58 9 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 58 10 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 58 11 virus virus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 58 12 outside outside IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 58 13 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-304054-sn7rswab 58 14 host host NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 58 15 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 1 When when WRB cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 2 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 3 virus virus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 4 was be VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 5 added add VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 6 to to TO cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 7 milk milk NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 8 from from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 9 dromedary dromedary NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 10 camels camel NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 11 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 12 goats goat NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 13 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 14 or or CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 15 cow cow NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 16 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 17 stored store VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 18 at at IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 19 4 4 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 20 C C NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 21 or or CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 22 22 22 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 23 C c NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 24 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 25 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 26 virus virus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 27 could could MD cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 28 be be VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 29 recovered recover VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 30 up up RP cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 31 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 32 72 72 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 33 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 34 48 48 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 35 hours hour NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 36 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 37 respectively respectively RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 39 van van NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 40 Doremalen Doremalen NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 41 et et FW cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 42 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 43 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 44 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 45 2013 2013 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 59 47 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 60 1 Pasteurization pasteurization NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 60 2 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 60 3 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 60 4 milk milk NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 60 5 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 60 6 however however RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 60 7 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 60 8 completely completely RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 60 9 destroyed destroy VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 60 10 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 60 11 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 60 12 CoV cov NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 60 13 infectivity infectivity NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 60 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 60 15 van van NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 60 16 Doremalen Doremalen NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 60 17 et et FW cord-304054-sn7rswab 60 18 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 60 19 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 60 20 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 60 21 2013 2013 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 60 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 61 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 61 2 Table table NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 61 3 8 8 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 61 4 .1 .1 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 61 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 61 6 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 1 The the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 2 current current JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 3 prevalent prevalent JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 4 view view NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 5 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 6 that that IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 7 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 8 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 9 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 10 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 11 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 12 zoonotic zoonotic JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 13 virus virus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 14 that that WDT cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 15 entered enter VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 16 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 17 human human JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 18 population population NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 19 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 20 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 21 Arabian Arabian NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 22 Peninsula Peninsula NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 23 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 24 via via IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 25 direct direct JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 26 or or CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 27 indirect indirect JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 28 contact contact NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 29 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 30 infected infected JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 31 dromedary dromedary NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 32 camels camel NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 62 33 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 63 1 Studies study NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 63 2 indicate indicate VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 63 3 that that IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 63 4 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 63 5 virus virus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 63 6 had have VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 63 7 been be VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 63 8 circulating circulate VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 63 9 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 63 10 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 63 11 camel camel NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 63 12 population population NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 63 13 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 63 14 decades decade NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 63 15 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 63 16 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 63 17 only only RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 63 18 recently recently RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 63 19 " " `` cord-304054-sn7rswab 63 20 jumped jump VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 63 21 " " '' cord-304054-sn7rswab 63 22 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 63 23 species specie NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 63 24 barrier barrier NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 63 25 to to TO cord-304054-sn7rswab 63 26 infect infect VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 63 27 humans human NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 63 28 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 64 1 What what WP cord-304054-sn7rswab 64 2 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 64 3 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 64 4 factors factor NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 64 5 that that WDT cord-304054-sn7rswab 64 6 precipitated precipitate VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 64 7 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 64 8 virus virus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 64 9 to to TO cord-304054-sn7rswab 64 10 cross cross VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 64 11 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 64 12 species specie NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 64 13 barrier barrier NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 64 14 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 64 15 unknown unknown JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 64 16 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 65 1 Most Most JJS cord-304054-sn7rswab 65 2 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 65 3 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 65 4 confirmed confirm VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 65 5 cases case NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 65 6 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 65 7 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 65 8 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 65 9 CoV cov NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 65 10 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 65 11 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 65 12 humans human NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 65 13 have have VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 65 14 been be VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 65 15 via via IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 65 16 person person NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 65 17 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 65 18 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 65 19 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 65 20 person person NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 65 21 transmission transmission NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 65 22 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 66 1 The the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 66 2 epidemiological epidemiological JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 66 3 elements element NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 66 4 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 66 5 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 66 6 transmission transmission NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 66 7 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 66 8 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 66 9 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 66 10 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 66 11 appear appear VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 66 12 to to TO cord-304054-sn7rswab 66 13 be be VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 66 14 factors factor NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 66 15 related relate VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 66 16 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 66 17 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 66 18 virus virus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 66 19 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 66 20 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 66 21 host host NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 66 22 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 66 23 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 66 24 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 66 25 environment environment NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 66 26 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 67 1 Cases case NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 67 2 have have VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 67 3 occurred occur VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 67 4 as as IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 67 5 sporadic sporadic JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 67 6 infections infection NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 67 7 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 67 8 family family NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 67 9 clusters cluster NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 67 10 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 67 11 or or CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 67 12 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 67 13 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 67 14 healthcare healthcare NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 67 15 settings setting NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 68 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 68 2 Kim Kim NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 68 3 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 68 4 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 68 5 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 68 6 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 68 7 2017 2017 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 68 8 ; ; : cord-304054-sn7rswab 68 9 Oboho Oboho NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 68 10 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 68 11 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 68 12 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 68 13 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 68 14 2015 2015 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 68 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 68 16 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 69 1 Although although IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 69 2 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 69 3 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 69 4 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 69 5 limited limit VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 69 6 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 69 7 nonsustained nonsustaine VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 69 8 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 69 9 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 69 10 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 69 11 healthcare healthcare NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 69 12 settings setting NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 69 13 have have VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 69 14 been be VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 69 15 particularly particularly RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 69 16 extensive extensive JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 69 17 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 69 18 worrisome worrisome JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 69 19 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 70 1 The the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 70 2 nonspecific nonspecific JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 70 3 initial initial JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 70 4 symptoms symptom NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 70 5 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 70 6 late late JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 70 7 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 70 8 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 70 9 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 70 10 inadequate inadequate JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 70 11 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 70 12 control control NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 70 13 measures measure NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 70 14 have have VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 70 15 all all RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 70 16 contributed contribute VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 70 17 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 70 18 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 70 19 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 70 20 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 70 21 healthcare healthcare NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 70 22 settings setting NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 71 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 71 2 Oboho Oboho NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 71 3 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 71 4 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 71 5 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 71 6 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 71 7 2015 2015 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 71 8 ; ; : cord-304054-sn7rswab 71 9 Hunter Hunter NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 71 10 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 71 11 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 71 12 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 71 13 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 71 14 2016 2016 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 71 15 ; ; : cord-304054-sn7rswab 71 16 Kim Kim NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 71 17 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 71 18 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 71 19 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 71 20 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 71 21 2017 2017 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 71 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 71 23 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 1 Although although IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 2 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 3 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 4 CoV cov NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 5 cases case NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 6 have have VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 7 been be VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 8 detected detect VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 9 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 10 many many JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 11 countries country NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 12 around around IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 13 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 14 world world NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 15 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 16 almost almost RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 17 all all DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 18 have have VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 19 been be VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 20 directly directly RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 21 or or CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 22 indirectly indirectly RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 23 linked link VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 24 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 25 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 26 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 27 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 28 region region NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 30 Table Table NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 31 8 8 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 32 .2 .2 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 72 34 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 73 1 One one CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 73 2 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 73 3 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 73 4 most most RBS cord-304054-sn7rswab 73 5 notable notable JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 73 6 outbreaks outbreak NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 73 7 outside outside IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 73 8 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 73 9 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 73 10 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 73 11 occurred occur VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 73 12 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 73 13 South South NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 73 14 Korea Korea NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 73 15 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 73 16 May May NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 73 17 2015 2015 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 74 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 74 2 Kim Kim NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 74 3 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 74 4 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 74 5 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 74 6 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 74 7 2017 2017 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 74 8 ; ; . cord-304054-sn7rswab 75 1 Lee Lee NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 75 2 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 75 3 Wong Wong NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 75 4 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 75 5 2015 2015 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 75 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 75 7 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 76 1 A a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 76 2 single single JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 76 3 infected infected JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 76 4 man man NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 76 5 returning return VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 76 6 from from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 76 7 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 76 8 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 76 9 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 76 10 caused cause VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 76 11 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 76 12 hospital hospital NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 76 13 outbreak outbreak NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 76 14 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 76 15 which which WDT cord-304054-sn7rswab 76 16 185 185 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 76 17 individuals individual NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 76 18 were be VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 76 19 infected infect VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 76 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 76 21 Kim Kim NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 76 22 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 76 23 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 76 24 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 76 25 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 76 26 2017 2017 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 76 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 76 28 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 1 The the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 2 epidemiological epidemiological JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 3 pattern pattern NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 4 observed observe VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 5 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 6 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 7 Korean korean JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 8 outbreak outbreak NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 9 was be VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 10 similar similar JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 11 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 12 that that DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 13 observed observe VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 14 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 15 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 16 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 17 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 18 ; ; : cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 19 more more JJR cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 20 males male NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 21 than than IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 22 females female NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 23 were be VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 24 affected affect VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 25 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 26 most most JJS cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 27 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 28 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 29 38 38 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 30 patients patient NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 31 who who WP cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 32 died die VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 33 had have VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 34 underlying underlying JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 35 conditions condition NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 36 such such JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 37 as as IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 38 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 39 disorders disorder NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 40 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 41 cancer cancer NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 42 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 43 hypertension hypertension NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 44 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 45 cardiovascular cardiovascular JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 46 problems problem NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 47 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 48 or or CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 77 49 diabetes diabetes NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 78 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 78 2 Kim Kim NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 78 3 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 78 4 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 78 5 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 78 6 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 78 7 2017 2017 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 78 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 78 9 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 79 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-304054-sn7rswab 79 2 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 79 3 noteworthy noteworthy JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 79 4 that that IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 79 5 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 79 6 death death NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 79 7 rate rate NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 79 8 was be VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 79 9 lower low JJR cord-304054-sn7rswab 79 10 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 79 11 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 79 12 cases case NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 79 13 from from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 79 14 South South NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 79 15 Korea Korea NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 79 16 compared compare VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 79 17 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 79 18 those those DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 79 19 reported report VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 79 20 from from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 79 21 Saudi Saudi NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 79 22 Arabia Arabia NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 79 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 79 24 23 23 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 79 25 % % NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 79 26 vs vs IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 79 27 47 47 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 79 28 % % NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 79 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 80 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 80 2 Virlogeux Virlogeux NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 80 3 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 80 4 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 80 5 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 80 6 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 80 7 2016 2016 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 80 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 80 9 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 81 1 The the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 81 2 reason reason NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 81 3 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 81 4 this this DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 81 5 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 81 6 not not RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 81 7 clear clear JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 81 8 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 82 1 Although although IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 82 2 more more JJR cord-304054-sn7rswab 82 3 than than IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 82 4 80 80 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 82 5 % % NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 82 6 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 82 7 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 82 8 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 82 9 CoV cov NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 82 10 cases case NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 82 11 have have VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 82 12 occurred occur VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 82 13 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 82 14 Saudi Saudi NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 82 15 Arabia Arabia NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 82 16 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 82 17 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 82 18 virus virus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 82 19 clearly clearly RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 82 20 has have VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 82 21 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 82 22 potential potential NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 82 23 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 82 24 spreading spread VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 82 25 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 82 26 other other JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 82 27 countries country NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 82 28 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 1 Thus thus RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 2 there there EX cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 3 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 4 an an DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 5 obvious obvious JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 6 need need NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 7 to to TO cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 8 detect detect VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 9 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 10 respond respond VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 11 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 12 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 13 contain contain VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 14 any any DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 15 outbreak outbreak NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 16 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 17 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 18 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 19 CoV cov NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 20 cases case NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 21 if if IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 22 we -PRON- PRP cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 23 want want VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 24 to to TO cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 25 prevent prevent VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 26 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 27 global global JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 28 spread spread NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 29 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 30 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 31 virus virus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 83 32 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 84 1 Unfortunately unfortunately RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 84 2 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 84 3 this this DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 84 4 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 84 5 easier easy JJR cord-304054-sn7rswab 84 6 said say VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 84 7 than than IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 84 8 done do VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 84 9 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 1 There there EX cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 2 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 3 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 4 number number NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 5 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 6 risk risk NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 7 factors factor NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 8 prevalent prevalent JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 9 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 10 some some DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 11 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 12 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 13 countries country NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 14 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 15 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 16 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 17 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 18 which which WDT cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 19 support support VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 20 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 21 emergence emergence NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 22 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 23 reemergence reemergence NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 24 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 25 infectious infectious JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 26 diseases disease NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 28 Buliva Buliva NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 29 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 30 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 31 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 32 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 33 2017 2017 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 85 35 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 1 These these DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 2 risk risk NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 3 factors factor NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 4 include include VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 5 political political JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 6 instability instability NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 7 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 8 famine famine NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 9 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 10 war war NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 11 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 12 less less RBR cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 13 developed develop VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 14 healthcare healthcare NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 15 infrastructure infrastructure NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 16 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 17 weak weak JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 18 public public JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 19 health health NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 20 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 21 surveillance surveillance NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 22 systems system NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 23 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 24 increased increase VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 25 population population NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 26 growth growth NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 27 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 28 mobility mobility NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 29 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 30 climate climate NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 31 change change NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 32 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 33 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 34 urbanization urbanization NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 36 Buliva Buliva NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 37 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 38 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 39 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 40 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 41 2017 2017 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 86 43 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 87 1 In in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 87 2 order order NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 87 3 to to TO cord-304054-sn7rswab 87 4 prevent prevent VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 87 5 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 87 6 emergence emergence NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 87 7 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 87 8 spread spread NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 87 9 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 87 10 infectious infectious JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 87 11 diseases disease NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 87 12 such such JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 87 13 as as IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 87 14 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 87 15 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 87 16 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 87 17 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 87 18 it -PRON- PRP cord-304054-sn7rswab 87 19 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 87 20 essential essential JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 87 21 to to TO cord-304054-sn7rswab 87 22 address address VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 87 23 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 87 24 underlying underlie VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 87 25 causes cause NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 87 26 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 87 27 risk risk NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 87 28 factors factor NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 87 29 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 88 1 Needless needless JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 88 2 to to TO cord-304054-sn7rswab 88 3 say say VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 88 4 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 88 5 these these DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 88 6 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 88 7 major major JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 88 8 challenges challenge NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 88 9 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 88 10 any any DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 88 11 country country NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 88 12 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 88 13 let let VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 88 14 alone alone RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 88 15 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 88 16 Eastern Eastern NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 88 17 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 88 18 Region Region NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 88 19 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 1 To to TO cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 2 successfully successfully RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 3 address address VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 4 these these DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 5 challenges challenge NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 6 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 7 it -PRON- PRP cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 8 will will MD cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 9 require require VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 10 not not RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 11 only only RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 12 funding funding NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 13 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 14 establishment establishment NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 15 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 16 robust robust JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 17 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 18 effective effective JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 19 surveillance surveillance NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 20 systems system NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 21 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 22 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 23 national national JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 24 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 25 international international JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 26 corporations corporation NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 27 but but CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 28 also also RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 29 above above IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 30 all all DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 31 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 32 peace peace NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 33 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 34 security security NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 35 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 36 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 37 region region NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 89 38 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 90 1 Infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 90 2 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 90 3 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 90 4 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 90 5 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 90 6 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 90 7 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 90 8 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-304054-sn7rswab 90 9 initial initial JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 90 10 description description NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 90 11 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 90 12 resembled resemble VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 90 13 " " `` cord-304054-sn7rswab 90 14 SARS SARS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 90 15 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 90 16 like like JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 90 17 " " `` cord-304054-sn7rswab 90 18 illness illness NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 90 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 90 20 Chan Chan NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 90 21 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 90 22 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 90 23 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 90 24 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 90 25 2015a 2015a CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 90 26 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 90 27 b b LS cord-304054-sn7rswab 90 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 90 29 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 91 1 Further further JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 91 2 analysis analysis NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 91 3 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 91 4 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 91 5 epidemiological epidemiological JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 91 6 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 91 7 virological virological JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 91 8 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 91 9 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 91 10 clinical clinical JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 91 11 aspects aspect NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 91 12 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 91 13 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 91 14 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 91 15 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 91 16 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 91 17 SARS SARS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 91 18 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 91 19 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 91 20 revealed reveal VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 91 21 important important JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 91 22 differences difference NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 91 23 between between IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 91 24 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 91 25 two two CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 91 26 viruses virus NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 91 27 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 1 Identifying identify VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 2 unique unique JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 3 aspects aspect NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 4 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 5 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 6 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 7 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 8 helped help VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 9 to to TO cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 10 explain explain VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 11 how how WRB cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 12 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 13 epidemic epidemic NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 14 evolved evolve VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 15 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 16 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 17 steps step NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 18 that that WDT cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 19 could could MD cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 20 be be VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 21 taken take VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 22 to to TO cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 23 prevent prevent VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 24 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 25 spread spread NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 27 Chan Chan NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 28 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 29 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 30 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 31 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 32 2015a 2015a CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 33 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 34 b b LS cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 92 36 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 1 Serological serological JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 2 studies study NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 3 have have VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 4 indicated indicate VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 5 that that IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 6 most most JJS cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 7 dromedary dromedary NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 8 camels camel NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 9 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 10 Africa Africa NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 11 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 12 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 13 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 14 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 15 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 16 but but CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 17 not not RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 18 other other JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 19 animals animal NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 20 such such JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 21 as as IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 22 sheep sheep NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 23 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 24 goats goat NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 25 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 26 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 27 cows cow NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 28 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 29 were be VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 30 seropositive seropositive JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 31 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 32 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 33 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 34 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 93 35 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 2 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 3 seroprevalence seroprevalence NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 4 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 5 dromedary dromedary NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 6 camels camel NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 7 appears appear VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 8 to to TO cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 9 vary vary VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 10 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 11 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 12 high high JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 13 rates rate NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 14 reported report VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 15 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 16 animals animal NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 17 from from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 18 Egypt Egypt NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 19 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 20 Ethiopia Ethiopia NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 21 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 22 Nigeria Nigeria NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 23 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 24 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 25 Sudan Sudan NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 26 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 27 lower low JJR cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 28 rates rate NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 29 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 30 animals animal NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 31 from from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 94 32 Tunisia Tunisia NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 95 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 95 2 Ali Ali NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 95 3 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 95 4 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 95 5 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 95 6 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 95 7 2017 2017 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 95 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 95 9 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 96 1 Intriguingly intriguingly RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 96 2 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 96 3 dromedaries dromedary NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 96 4 from from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 96 5 Australia Australia NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 96 6 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 96 7 Canada Canada NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 96 8 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 96 9 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 96 10 United United NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 96 11 States States NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 96 12 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 96 13 Germany Germany NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 96 14 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 96 15 Netherlands Netherlands NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 96 16 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 96 17 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 96 18 Japan Japan NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 96 19 have have VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 96 20 been be VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 96 21 reported report VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 96 22 to to TO cord-304054-sn7rswab 96 23 be be VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 96 24 seronegative seronegative JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 96 25 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 96 26 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 96 27 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 96 28 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 97 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 97 2 Omrani Omrani NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 97 3 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 97 4 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 97 5 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 97 6 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 97 7 2015 2015 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 97 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 97 9 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 1 Importantly importantly RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 2 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 3 population population NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 4 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 5 based base VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 6 seroepidemiologic seroepidemiologic NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 7 studies study NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 8 indicated indicate VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 9 that that IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 10 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 11 seroprevalence seroprevalence NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 12 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 13 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 14 virus virus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 15 was be VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 16 several several JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 17 folds fold NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 18 higher higher RBR cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 19 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 20 people people NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 21 who who WP cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 22 have have VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 23 been be VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 24 exposed expose VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 25 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 26 camels camel NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 27 compared compare VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 28 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 29 those those DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 30 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 31 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 32 general general JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 33 population population NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 35 Accumulating accumulate VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 36 serologic serologic NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 37 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 38 molecular molecular JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 39 evidence evidence NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 40 indicates indicate VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 41 that that IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 42 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 43 virus virus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 44 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 45 dromedaries dromedary NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 46 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 47 genetically genetically RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 48 similar similar JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 49 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 50 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 51 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 52 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 53 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 54 humans human NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 55 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 56 supporting support VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 57 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 58 notion notion NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 59 that that IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 60 dromedary dromedary NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 61 camels camel NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 62 could could MD cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 63 be be VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 64 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 65 potential potential JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 66 source source NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 67 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 68 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 69 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 70 human human JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 71 Memish Memish NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 72 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 73 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 74 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 75 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 76 2014a 2014a CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 77 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 78 b b NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 79 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 80 c c NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 81 ; ; : cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 82 Sabir Sabir NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 83 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 84 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 85 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 86 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 87 2015 2015 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 88 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 98 89 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 2 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 3 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 4 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 5 CoV cov NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 6 antibodies antibody NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 7 have have VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 8 been be VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 9 isolated isolate VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 10 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 11 dromedary dromedary NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 12 camels camel NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 13 across across IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 14 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 15 Arabian arabian JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 16 peninsula peninsula NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 17 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 18 North North NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 19 Africa Africa NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 20 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 21 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 22 Eastern Eastern NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 23 Africa Africa NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 24 dating date VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 25 from from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 26 as as RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 27 far far RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 28 back back RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 29 as as IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 30 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 31 1990s 1990 NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 33 Milne Milne NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 34 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 35 Price Price NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 36 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 37 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 38 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 39 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 40 2014 2014 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 99 41 ; ; . cord-304054-sn7rswab 100 1 Omrani Omrani NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 100 2 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 100 3 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 100 4 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 100 5 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 100 6 2015 2015 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 100 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 100 8 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 1 This this DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 2 finding finding NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 3 suggests suggest VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 4 that that IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 5 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 6 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 7 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 8 may may MD cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 9 have have VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 10 been be VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 11 circulating circulate VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 12 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 13 dromedaries dromedary NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 14 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 15 over over IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 16 20 20 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 17 years year NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 18 before before IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 19 it -PRON- PRP cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 20 was be VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 21 first first RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 22 recognized recognize VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 23 as as IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 24 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 25 cause cause NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 26 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 27 human human JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 28 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 30 Aly Aly NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 31 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 32 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 33 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 34 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 35 2017 2017 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 101 37 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 1 In in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 2 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 3 recent recent JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 4 study study NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 5 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 6 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 7 fatal fatal JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 8 case case NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 9 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 10 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 11 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 12 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 13 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 14 was be VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 15 reported report VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 16 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 17 an an DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 18 individual individual NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 19 who who WP cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 20 had have VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 21 direct direct JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 22 contact contact NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 23 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 24 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 25 dromedary dromedary NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 26 camel camel NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 28 Azhar Azhar NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 29 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 30 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 31 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 32 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 33 2014 2014 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 102 35 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 1 Sequence sequence NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 2 analysis analysis NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 3 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 4 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 5 virus virus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 6 isolated isolate VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 7 from from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 8 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 9 case case NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 10 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 11 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 12 camel camel NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 13 was be VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 14 identical identical JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 15 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 16 clearly clearly RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 17 indicating indicate VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 18 that that IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 19 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 20 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 21 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 22 can can MD cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 23 indeed indeed RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 24 be be VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 25 transmitted transmit VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 26 from from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 27 camels camel NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 28 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 29 human human JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 31 Azhar Azhar NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 32 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 33 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 34 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 35 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 36 2014 2014 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 103 38 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 2 appears appear VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 3 that that IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 4 active active JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 5 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 6 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 7 release release NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 8 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 9 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 10 virus virus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 11 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 12 nasal nasal NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 13 secretions secretion NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 14 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 15 particularly particularly RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 16 during during IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 17 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 18 incubation incubation NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 19 period period NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 20 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 21 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 22 important important JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 23 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 24 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 25 transmission transmission NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 26 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 27 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 28 virus virus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 29 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 30 humans human NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 104 31 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 105 1 Where where WRB cord-304054-sn7rswab 105 2 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 105 3 how how WRB cord-304054-sn7rswab 105 4 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 105 5 camels camel NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 105 6 acquired acquire VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 105 7 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 105 8 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 105 9 remains remain VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 105 10 unknown unknown JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 105 11 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 106 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-304054-sn7rswab 106 2 has have VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 106 3 been be VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 106 4 hypothesized hypothesize VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 106 5 that that IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 106 6 bats bat NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 106 7 could could MD cord-304054-sn7rswab 106 8 be be VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 106 9 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 106 10 potential potential JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 106 11 source source NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 106 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 106 13 Fig fig NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 106 14 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 106 15 8.3 8.3 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 106 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 107 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 107 2 Anthony Anthony NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 107 3 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 107 4 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 107 5 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 107 6 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 107 7 2017 2017 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 108 1 ; ; : cord-304054-sn7rswab 108 2 Mohd Mohd NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 108 3 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 108 4 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 108 5 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 109 1 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 109 2 2016 2016 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 109 3 ; ; : cord-304054-sn7rswab 109 4 Omrani Omrani NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 109 5 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 109 6 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 109 7 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 109 8 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 109 9 2015 2015 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 109 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 109 11 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 2 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 3 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 4 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 5 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 6 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 7 like like JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 8 viruses virus NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 9 have have VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 10 been be VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 11 identified identify VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 12 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 13 certain certain JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 14 species specie NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 15 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 16 bats bat NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 18 Anthony Anthony NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 19 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 20 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 21 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 22 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 23 2017 2017 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 24 ; ; : cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 25 Woo Woo NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 26 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 27 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 28 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 29 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 30 2006 2006 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 110 32 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 111 1 The the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 111 2 bats bat NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 111 3 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 111 4 present present JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 111 5 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 111 6 most most JJS cord-304054-sn7rswab 111 7 parts part NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 111 8 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 111 9 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 111 10 world world NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 111 11 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 111 12 often often RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 111 13 infected infect VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 111 14 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 111 15 various various JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 111 16 zoonotic zoonotic JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 111 17 viruses virus NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 111 18 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 1 Thus thus RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 2 it -PRON- PRP cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 3 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 4 plausible plausible JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 5 that that IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 6 at at IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 7 some some DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 8 point point NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 9 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 10 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 11 past past NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 12 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 13 camels camel NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 14 acquired acquire VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 15 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 16 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 17 from from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 18 bats bat NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 19 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 20 leading lead VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 21 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 22 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 23 sustained sustained JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 24 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 25 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 26 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 27 camel camel NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 28 population population NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 30 Fig Fig NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 31 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 32 8.3 8.3 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 112 34 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 113 1 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 113 2 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 113 3 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 113 4 RNA RNA NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 113 5 has have VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 113 6 been be VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 113 7 identified identify VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 113 8 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 113 9 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 113 10 milk milk NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 113 11 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 113 12 nasal nasal JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 113 13 secretion secretion NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 113 14 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 113 15 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 113 16 feces fece NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 113 17 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 113 18 dromedary dromedary NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 113 19 camels camel NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 113 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 113 21 Omrani Omrani NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 113 22 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 113 23 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 113 24 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 113 25 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 113 26 2015 2015 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 113 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 113 28 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 1 Since since IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 2 camels camel NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 3 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 4 humans human NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 5 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 6 often often RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 7 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 8 close close JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 9 contact contact NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 10 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 11 particularly particularly RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 12 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 13 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 14 Arab Arab NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 15 Gulf Gulf NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 16 States States NNPS cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 17 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 18 humans human NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 19 would would MD cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 20 be be VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 21 at at IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 22 increased increase VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 23 risk risk NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 24 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 25 contracting contract VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 26 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 27 virus virus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 28 from from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 29 actively actively RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 30 infected infect VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 31 animals animal NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 33 Mackay Mackay NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 34 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 35 Arden Arden NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 36 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 37 2015 2015 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 38 ; ; : cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 39 Reusken Reusken NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 40 et et FW cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 41 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 42 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 43 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 44 2015 2015 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 114 46 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 2 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 3 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 4 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 5 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 6 seropositivity seropositivity NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 7 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 8 shepherds shepherd NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 9 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 10 those those DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 11 working work VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 12 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 13 slaughterhouses slaughterhouse NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 14 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 15 Saudi Saudi NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 16 Arabia Arabia NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 17 has have VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 18 been be VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 19 reported report VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 20 to to TO cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 21 be be VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 22 an an DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 23 order order NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 24 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 25 magnitude magnitude NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 26 higher high JJR cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 27 than than IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 28 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 29 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 30 general general JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 31 population population NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 33 Arabi Arabi NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 34 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 35 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 36 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 37 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 38 2017 2017 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 115 40 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 116 1 Although although IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 116 2 possible possible JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 116 3 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 116 4 no no DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 116 5 evidence evidence NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 116 6 currently currently RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 116 7 exists exist VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 116 8 to to TO cord-304054-sn7rswab 116 9 support support VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 116 10 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 116 11 transmission transmission NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 116 12 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 116 13 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 116 14 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 116 15 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 116 16 from from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 116 17 bats bat NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 116 18 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 116 19 humans human NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 116 20 directly directly RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 116 21 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 1 What what WP cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 2 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 3 certain certain JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 4 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 5 that that DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 6 transmission transmission NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 7 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 8 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 9 virus virus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 10 can can MD cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 11 occur occur VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 12 from from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 13 camels camel NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 14 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 15 humans human NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 16 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 17 but but CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 18 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 19 process process NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 20 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 21 still still RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 22 not not RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 23 fully fully RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 24 understood understand VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 26 Al Al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 27 Hammadi Hammadi NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 28 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 29 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 30 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 31 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 32 2015 2015 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 33 ; ; : cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 34 Memish Memish NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 35 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 36 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 117 37 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 118 1 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 118 2 2014a 2014a CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 118 3 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 118 4 b b NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 118 5 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 118 6 c c NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 118 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 118 8 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 1 One one CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 2 possibility possibility NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 3 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 4 that that IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 5 some some DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 6 species specie NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 7 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 8 CoVs covs NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 9 from from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 10 camels camel NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 11 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 12 humans human NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 13 could could MD cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 14 recombine recombine VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 15 leading lead VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 16 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 17 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 18 emergence emergence NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 19 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 20 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 21 new new JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 22 virus virus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 23 that that WDT cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 24 can can MD cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 25 infect infect VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 26 both both DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 27 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 28 camels camel NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 29 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 30 human human JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 32 Sabir Sabir NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 33 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 34 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 35 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 36 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 37 2015 2015 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 119 39 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 120 1 Most Most JJS cord-304054-sn7rswab 120 2 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 120 3 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 120 4 CoV cov NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 120 5 infections infection NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 120 6 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 120 7 humans human NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 120 8 occur occur VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 120 9 through through IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 120 10 human human JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 120 11 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 120 12 tohuman tohuman NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 120 13 contact contact NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 121 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 121 2 Arabi Arabi NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 121 3 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 121 4 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 121 5 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 122 1 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 122 2 2017 2017 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 122 3 ; ; : cord-304054-sn7rswab 122 4 Zumla Zumla NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 122 5 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 122 6 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 122 7 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 122 8 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 122 9 2016 2016 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 122 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 122 11 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 123 1 Available available JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 123 2 data datum NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 123 3 on on IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 123 4 epidemiologic epidemiologic JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 123 5 observations observation NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 123 6 suggest suggest VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 123 7 that that IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 123 8 human human NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 123 9 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 123 10 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 123 11 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 123 12 human human JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 123 13 transmission transmission NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 123 14 occurs occur VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 123 15 primarily primarily RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 123 16 through through IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 123 17 close close JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 123 18 contact contact NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 123 19 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 123 20 an an DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 123 21 infected infected JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 123 22 individual individual NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 123 23 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 1 The the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 2 mode mode NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 3 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 4 transmission transmission NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 5 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 6 presumed presume VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 7 to to TO cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 8 be be VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 9 via via IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 10 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 11 droplets droplet NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 12 or or CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 13 aerosols aerosol NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 14 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 15 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 16 higher high JJR cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 17 risk risk NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 18 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 19 situations situation NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 20 where where WRB cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 21 aerosols aerosol NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 22 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 23 generated generate VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 24 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 25 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 26 inadequate inadequate JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 27 personal personal JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 28 protection protection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 29 or or CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 30 proper proper JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 31 room room NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 32 ventilation ventilation NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 33 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 34 not not RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 124 35 present present JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 125 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 125 2 Kutter Kutter NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 125 3 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 125 4 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 125 5 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 125 6 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 125 7 2018 2018 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 125 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 125 9 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 1 In in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 2 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 3 South south JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 4 Korean korean JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 5 outbreak outbreak NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 6 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 7 total total NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 8 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 9 185 185 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 10 individuals individual NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 11 were be VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 12 infected infect VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 13 ; ; : cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 14 136 136 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 15 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 16 whom whom WP cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 17 were be VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 18 directly directly RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 19 infected infect VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 20 by by IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 21 just just RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 22 3 3 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 23 cases case NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 24 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 25 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 26 so so RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 27 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 28 called call VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 29 super super JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 30 spreaders spreader NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 126 31 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 1 Late late JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 2 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 3 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 4 lack lack NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 5 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 6 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 7 control control NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 8 measures measure NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 9 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 10 poor poor JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 11 communication communication NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 12 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 13 healthcare healthcare NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 14 management management NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 15 procedures procedure NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 16 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 17 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 18 failure failure NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 19 to to TO cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 20 quarantine quarantine VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 21 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 22 " " `` cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 23 super super JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 24 spreaders spreader NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 25 " " '' cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 26 were be VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 27 identified identify VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 28 as as IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 29 major major JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 30 factors factor NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 31 contributing contribute VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 32 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 33 this this DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 34 large large JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 35 nosocomial nosocomial JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 36 outbreak outbreak NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 38 Kim Kim NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 39 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 40 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 41 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 42 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 43 2017 2017 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 127 45 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 128 1 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 128 2 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 128 3 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 128 4 common common JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 128 5 cause cause NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 128 6 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 128 7 mild mild JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 128 8 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 128 9 tract tract NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 128 10 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 128 11 manifesting manifest VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 128 12 as as IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 128 13 common common JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 128 14 cold cold NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 128 15 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 129 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-304054-sn7rswab 129 2 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 129 3 estimated estimate VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 129 4 that that IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 129 5 approximately approximately RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 129 6 one one CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 129 7 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 129 8 third third NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 129 9 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 129 10 all all DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 129 11 upper upper JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 129 12 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 129 13 tract tract NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 129 14 infections infection NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 129 15 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 129 16 adults adult NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 129 17 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 129 18 due due JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 129 19 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 129 20 CoVs CoVs NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 129 21 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 130 1 SARS SARS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 130 2 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 130 3 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 130 4 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 130 5 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 130 6 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 130 7 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 130 8 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 130 9 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 130 10 exceptions exception NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 130 11 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 1 Both both DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 2 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 3 these these DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 4 viruses virus NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 5 have have VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 6 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 7 high high JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 8 propensity propensity NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 9 to to TO cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 10 infect infect VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 11 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 12 lower low JJR cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 13 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 14 track track NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 15 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 16 lead lead NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 17 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 18 severe severe JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 19 disease disease NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 20 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 21 death death NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 23 de de FW cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 24 Wit Wit NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 25 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 26 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 27 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 28 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 29 2016 2016 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 131 31 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 1 The the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 2 finding finding NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 3 that that IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 4 both both DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 5 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 6 these these DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 7 viruses virus NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 8 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 9 but but CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 10 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 11 particular particular JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 12 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 13 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 14 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 15 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 16 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 17 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 18 able able JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 19 to to TO cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 20 evade evade VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 21 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 22 body body NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 23 's 's POS cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 24 immune immune JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 25 responses response NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 26 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 27 infect infect VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 28 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 29 broad broad JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 30 range range NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 31 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 32 cells cell NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 33 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 34 explaining explain VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 35 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 36 widespread widespread JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 37 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 38 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 39 development development NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 40 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 41 severe severe JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 42 disease disease NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 43 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 44 Mackay Mackay NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 45 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 46 Arden Arden NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 47 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 48 2015 2015 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 49 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 132 50 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 133 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-304054-sn7rswab 133 2 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 133 3 noteworthy noteworthy JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 133 4 that that IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 133 5 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 133 6 even even RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 133 7 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 133 8 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 133 9 absence absence NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 133 10 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 133 11 viral viral JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 133 12 shedding shedding NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 133 13 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 133 14 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 133 15 upper upper JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 133 16 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 133 17 tract tract NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 133 18 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 133 19 most most RBS cord-304054-sn7rswab 133 20 symptomatic symptomatic JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 133 21 patients patient NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 133 22 have have VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 133 23 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 133 24 chest chest NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 133 25 radiographs radiograph NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 133 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 133 27 Fig Fig NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 133 28 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 133 29 8.4 8.4 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 133 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 134 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 134 2 Assiri Assiri NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 134 3 et et FW cord-304054-sn7rswab 134 4 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 134 5 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 135 1 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 135 2 2013 2013 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 135 3 ; ; : cord-304054-sn7rswab 135 4 de de NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 135 5 Wit Wit NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 135 6 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 135 7 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 135 8 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 135 9 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 135 10 2016 2016 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 135 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 135 12 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 136 1 The the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 136 2 incubation incubation NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 136 3 period period NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 136 4 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 136 5 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 136 6 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 136 7 CoV cov NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 136 8 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 136 9 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 136 10 about about RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 136 11 5À6 5à6 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 136 12 days day NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 136 13 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 136 14 most most JJS cord-304054-sn7rswab 136 15 patients patient NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 136 16 showing show VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 136 17 symptoms symptom NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 136 18 within within IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 136 19 14 14 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 136 20 days day NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 136 21 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 136 22 exposure exposure NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 136 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 136 24 de de FW cord-304054-sn7rswab 136 25 Wit Wit NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 136 26 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 136 27 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 136 28 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 137 1 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 137 2 2016 2016 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 137 3 ; ; : cord-304054-sn7rswab 137 4 Virlogeux Virlogeux NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 137 5 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 137 6 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 137 7 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 137 8 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 137 9 2016 2016 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 137 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 137 11 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 1 The the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 2 initial initial JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 3 clinical clinical JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 4 symptoms symptom NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 5 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 6 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 7 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 8 CoV cov NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 9 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 10 can can MD cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 11 range range VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 12 from from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 13 asymptomatic asymptomatic JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 14 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 15 low low JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 16 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 17 grade grade NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 18 fever fever NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 19 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 20 cough cough NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 21 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 22 sore sore JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 23 throat throat NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 24 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 25 myalgia myalgia NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 26 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 27 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 28 less less RBR cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 29 frequently frequently RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 30 diarrhea diarrhea NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 31 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 32 vomiting vomit VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 138 33 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 139 1 Progression progression NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 139 2 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 139 3 more more RBR cord-304054-sn7rswab 139 4 severe severe JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 139 5 disease disease NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 139 6 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 139 7 characterized characterize VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 139 8 by by IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 139 9 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 139 10 symptoms symptom NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 139 11 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 139 12 shortness shortness NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 139 13 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 139 14 breath breath NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 139 15 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 139 16 severe severe JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 139 17 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 139 18 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 139 19 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 139 20 distress distress NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 139 21 syndrome syndrome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 139 22 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 139 23 multiorgan multiorgan NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 139 24 failure failure NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 139 25 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 139 26 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 139 27 death death NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 140 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 140 2 Arabi Arabi NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 140 3 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 140 4 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 140 5 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 140 6 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 140 7 2017 2017 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 140 8 ; ; : cord-304054-sn7rswab 140 9 de de NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 140 10 Wit Wit NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 140 11 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 140 12 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 140 13 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 140 14 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 140 15 2016 2016 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 141 1 ; ; : cord-304054-sn7rswab 141 2 Guery Guery NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 141 3 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 141 4 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 141 5 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 141 6 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 141 7 2013 2013 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 141 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 141 9 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 142 1 The the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 142 2 severity severity NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 142 3 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 142 4 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 142 5 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 142 6 appears appear VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 142 7 to to TO cord-304054-sn7rswab 142 8 vary vary VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 142 9 depending depend VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 142 10 on on IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 142 11 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 142 12 age age NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 142 13 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 142 14 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 142 15 patient patient NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 142 16 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 142 17 any any DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 142 18 underlying underlying JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 142 19 conditions condition NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 142 20 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 1 Adults adult NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 2 over over IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 3 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 4 age age NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 5 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 6 50 50 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 7 years year NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 8 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 9 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 10 comorbidities comorbiditie NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 11 such such JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 12 as as IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 13 diabetes diabetes NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 14 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 15 hypertension hypertension NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 16 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 17 chronic chronic JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 18 renal renal JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 19 or or CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 20 lung lung NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 21 disease disease NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 22 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 23 cancer cancer NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 24 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 25 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 26 heart heart NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 27 disease disease NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 28 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 29 at at IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 30 increased increase VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 31 risk risk NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 32 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 33 developing develop VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 34 severe severe JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 35 disease disease NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 36 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 37 death death NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 39 Badawi Badawi NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 40 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 41 Ryoo Ryoo NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 42 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 43 2016 2016 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 143 45 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 144 1 Although although IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 144 2 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 144 3 vast vast JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 144 4 majority majority NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 144 5 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 144 6 confirmed confirm VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 144 7 cases case NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 144 8 have have VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 144 9 been be VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 144 10 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 144 11 male male JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 144 12 adults adult NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 144 13 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 144 14 children child NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 144 15 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 144 16 also also RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 144 17 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 144 18 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 144 19 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 144 20 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 144 21 albeit albeit IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 144 22 at at IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 144 23 lower low JJR cord-304054-sn7rswab 144 24 rate rate NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 144 25 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 144 26 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 144 27 milder mild JJR cord-304054-sn7rswab 144 28 disease disease NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 144 29 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 145 1 Based base VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 145 2 on on IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 145 3 limited limited JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 145 4 data datum NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 145 5 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 145 6 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 145 7 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 145 8 CoV cov NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 145 9 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 145 10 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 145 11 pregnancy pregnancy NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 145 12 can can MD cord-304054-sn7rswab 145 13 also also RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 145 14 lead lead VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 145 15 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 145 16 maternal maternal JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 145 17 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 145 18 perinatal perinatal JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 145 19 disease disease NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 145 20 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 145 21 death death NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 145 22 Assiri Assiri NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 145 23 et et FW cord-304054-sn7rswab 145 24 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 145 25 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 145 26 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 145 27 2016 2016 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 145 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 145 29 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 1 Not not RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 2 surprisingly surprisingly RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 3 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 4 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 5 severity severity NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 6 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 7 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 8 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 9 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 10 risk risk NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 11 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 12 transmission transmission NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 13 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 14 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 15 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 16 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 17 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 18 significantly significantly RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 19 increased increase VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 20 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 21 environments environment NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 22 such such JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 23 as as IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 24 hospitals hospital NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 26 Cho Cho NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 27 et et FW cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 28 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 29 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 30 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 31 2016 2016 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 32 ; ; : cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 33 Hastings Hastings NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 34 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 35 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 36 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 37 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 38 2016 2016 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 146 40 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 1 The the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 2 clinical clinical JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 3 symptoms symptom NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 4 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 5 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 6 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 7 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 8 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 9 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 10 especially especially RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 11 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 12 early early JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 13 stages stage NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 14 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 15 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 16 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 17 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 18 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 19 typically typically RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 20 nonspecific nonspecific JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 21 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 22 can can MD cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 23 resemble resemble VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 24 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 25 number number NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 26 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 27 acute acute JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 28 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 29 tract tract NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 30 infections infection NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 147 31 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 1 However however RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 2 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 3 acute acute JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 4 febrile febrile JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 5 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 6 illness illness NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 7 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 8 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 9 patient patient NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 10 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 11 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 12 recent recent JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 13 travel travel NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 14 history history NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 15 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 16 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 17 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 18 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 19 or or CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 20 direct direct JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 21 / / SYM cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 22 indirect indirect JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 23 contract contract NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 24 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 25 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 26 confirmed confirm VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 27 case case NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 28 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 29 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 30 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 31 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 32 should should MD cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 33 be be VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 34 enough enough JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 35 suspicion suspicion NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 36 to to TO cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 37 request request VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 38 laboratory laboratory NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 39 testing testing NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 40 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 41 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 42 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 43 CoV. CoV. NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 44 Studies Studies NNPS cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 45 indicate indicate VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 46 that that IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 47 viral viral JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 48 replication replication NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 49 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 50 shedding shedding NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 51 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 52 higher high JJR cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 53 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 54 lower low JJR cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 55 compared compare VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 56 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 57 upper upper JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 58 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 59 tract tract NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 60 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 61 de de FW cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 62 Wit Wit NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 63 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 64 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 65 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 66 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 67 2016 2016 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 68 ; ; : cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 69 Memish Memish NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 70 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 71 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 148 72 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 149 1 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 149 2 2014a 2014a CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 149 3 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 149 4 b b NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 149 5 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 149 6 c c NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 149 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 149 8 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 1 Hence hence RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 2 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 3 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 4 laboratory laboratory NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 5 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 6 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 7 lower low JJR cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 8 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 9 tract tract NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 10 specimens specimen NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 11 such such JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 12 as as IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 13 tracheal tracheal NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 14 aspirate aspirate NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 15 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 16 bronchoalveolar bronchoalveolar NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 17 lavage lavage NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 18 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 19 or or CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 20 pleural pleural JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 21 fluid fluid NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 22 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 23 preferred prefer VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 24 over over IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 25 upper upper JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 26 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 27 tract tract NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 28 specimens specimen NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 29 such such JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 30 as as IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 31 nasopharyngeal nasopharyngeal JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 32 swab swab NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 34 Mackay Mackay NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 35 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 36 Arden Arden NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 37 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 38 2015 2015 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 39 ; ; : cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 40 Memish Memish NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 41 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 42 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 43 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 44 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 45 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 46 2014a 2014a CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 47 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 48 b b NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 49 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 50 c c NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 51 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 150 52 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 151 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-304054-sn7rswab 151 2 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 151 3 essential essential JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 151 4 that that IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 151 5 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 151 6 personal personal JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 151 7 protective protective JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 151 8 equipment equipment NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 151 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 151 10 PPE PPE NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 151 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 151 12 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 151 13 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 151 14 control control NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 151 15 measures measure NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 151 16 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 151 17 implemented implement VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 151 18 when when WRB cord-304054-sn7rswab 151 19 dealing deal VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 151 20 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 151 21 suspected suspect VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 151 22 cases case NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 151 23 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 152 1 The the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 152 2 assay assay NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 152 3 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 152 4 choice choice NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 152 5 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 152 6 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 152 7 laboratory laboratory NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 152 8 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 152 9 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 152 10 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 152 11 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 152 12 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 152 13 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 152 14 reverse reverse JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 152 15 transcriptase transcriptase NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 152 16 real real JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 152 17 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 152 18 time time NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 152 19 polymerase polymerase NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 152 20 chain chain NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 152 21 reaction reaction NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 152 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 152 23 RT RT NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 152 24 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 152 25 PCR PCR NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 152 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 152 27 on on IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 152 28 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 152 29 samples sample NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 152 30 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 153 1 This this DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 153 2 assay assay NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 153 3 was be VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 153 4 established establish VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 153 5 soon soon RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 153 6 after after IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 153 7 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 153 8 identification identification NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 153 9 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 153 10 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 153 11 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 153 12 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 153 13 back back RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 153 14 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 153 15 2012 2012 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 154 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 154 2 Zaki Zaki NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 154 3 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 154 4 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 154 5 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 154 6 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 154 7 2012 2012 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 154 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 154 9 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 155 1 RT RT NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 155 2 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 155 3 PCR PCR NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 155 4 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 155 5 not not RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 155 6 only only RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 155 7 very very RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 155 8 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 155 9 but but CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 155 10 also also RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 155 11 importantly importantly RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 155 12 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 155 13 fairly fairly RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 155 14 rapid rapid JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 155 15 technique technique NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 155 16 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 155 17 which which WDT cord-304054-sn7rswab 155 18 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 155 19 essential essential JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 155 20 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 155 21 early early JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 155 22 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 155 23 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 155 24 quarantine quarantine NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 155 25 implementation implementation NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 155 26 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 156 1 The the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 156 2 virus virus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 156 3 can can MD cord-304054-sn7rswab 156 4 also also RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 156 5 be be VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 156 6 cultured cultured JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 156 7 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 157 1 A a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 157 2 number number NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 157 3 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 157 4 different different JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 157 5 cell cell NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 157 6 lines line NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 157 7 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 157 8 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 157 9 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 157 10 in in FW cord-304054-sn7rswab 157 11 vitro vitro FW cord-304054-sn7rswab 157 12 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 157 13 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 157 14 including include VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 157 15 Vero Vero NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 157 16 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 157 17 LLC LLC NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 157 18 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 157 19 MK2 MK2 NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 157 20 cells cell NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 158 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 158 2 Zaki Zaki NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 158 3 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 158 4 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 158 5 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 158 6 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 158 7 2012 2012 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 158 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 158 9 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 159 1 However however RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 159 2 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 159 3 cell cell NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 159 4 culture culture NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 159 5 approach approach NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 159 6 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 159 7 very very RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 159 8 slow slow JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 159 9 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 159 10 not not RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 159 11 easily easily RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 159 12 adaptable adaptable JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 159 13 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 159 14 every every DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 159 15 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 159 16 laboratory laboratory NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 159 17 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 160 1 hence hence RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 160 2 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 160 3 preference preference NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 160 4 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 160 5 RT RT NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 160 6 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 160 7 PCR PCR NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 160 8 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 1 For for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 2 determining determine VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 3 past past JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 4 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 5 or or CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 6 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 7 surveillance surveillance NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 8 studies study NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 9 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 10 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 11 detection detection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 12 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 13 antibodies antibody NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 14 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 15 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 16 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 17 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 18 using use VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 19 serological serological JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 20 assay assay NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 21 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 22 such such JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 23 as as IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 24 enzyme enzyme NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 25 linked link VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 26 immunosorbent immunosorbent JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 27 assay assay NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 29 ELISA ELISA NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 31 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 32 can can MD cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 33 be be VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 34 performed perform VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 36 Mackay Mackay NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 37 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 38 Arden Arden NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 39 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 40 2015 2015 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 161 42 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 162 1 Currently currently RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 162 2 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 162 3 no no DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 162 4 specific specific JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 162 5 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 162 6 therapy therapy NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 162 7 or or CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 162 8 vaccine vaccine NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 162 9 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 162 10 available available JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 162 11 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 162 12 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 162 13 treatment treatment NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 162 14 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 162 15 prevention prevention NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 162 16 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 162 17 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 162 18 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 162 19 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 162 20 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 162 21 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 163 1 Supportive supportive JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 163 2 care care NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 163 3 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 163 4 prevention prevention NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 163 5 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 163 6 complications complication NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 163 7 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 163 8 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 163 9 main main JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 163 10 management management NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 163 11 options option NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 163 12 that that WDT cord-304054-sn7rswab 163 13 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 163 14 available available JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 163 15 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 164 1 However however RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 164 2 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 164 3 efforts effort NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 164 4 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 164 5 underway underway JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 164 6 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 164 7 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 164 8 development development NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 164 9 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 164 10 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 164 11 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 164 12 vaccine vaccine NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 164 13 candidates candidate NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 164 14 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 1 In in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 2 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 3 marmoset marmoset JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 4 model model NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 5 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 6 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 7 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 8 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 9 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 10 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 11 several several JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 12 compounds compound NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 13 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 14 including include VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 15 ribavirin ribavirin NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 16 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 17 lopinavir lopinavir NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 18 / / SYM cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 19 ritonavir ritonavir NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 20 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 21 interferon interferon NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 22 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 23 β1b β1b NNPS cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 24 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 25 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 26 interferon interferon NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 27 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 28 α2B α2b XX cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 29 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 30 alone alone JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 31 or or CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 32 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 33 combinations combination NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 34 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 35 have have VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 36 shown show VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 37 varying vary VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 38 degree degree NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 39 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 165 40 success success NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 166 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 166 2 Chan Chan NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 166 3 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 166 4 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 166 5 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 166 6 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 166 7 2015a 2015a CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 166 8 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 166 9 b b NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 167 1 ; ; : cord-304054-sn7rswab 167 2 Falzarano Falzarano NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 167 3 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 167 4 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 167 5 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 167 6 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 167 7 2013 2013 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 167 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 167 9 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 168 1 Similarly similarly RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 168 2 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 168 3 passive passive JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 168 4 immunotherapy immunotherapy NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 168 5 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 168 6 neutralizing neutralize VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 168 7 antibodies antibody NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 168 8 against against IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 168 9 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 168 10 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 168 11 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 168 12 has have VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 168 13 also also RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 168 14 shown show VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 168 15 some some DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 168 16 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 168 17 value value NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 168 18 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 168 19 inhibiting inhibit VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 168 20 viral viral JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 168 21 replication replication NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 168 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 168 23 Luke Luke NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 168 24 et et NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 168 25 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 168 26 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 168 27 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 168 28 2016 2016 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 168 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 168 30 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 169 1 In in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 169 2 terms term NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 169 3 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 169 4 vaccines vaccine NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 169 5 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 169 6 several several JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 169 7 potential potential JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 169 8 candidates candidate NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 169 9 have have VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 169 10 been be VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 169 11 developed develop VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 169 12 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 169 13 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 169 14 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 169 15 different different JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 169 16 stages stage NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 169 17 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 169 18 clinical clinical JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 169 19 testing testing NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 169 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 170 1 Du Du NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 170 2 et et FW cord-304054-sn7rswab 170 3 al al NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 170 4 . . NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 170 5 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 170 6 2016 2016 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 170 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 170 8 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 171 1 The the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 171 2 possibility possibility NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 171 3 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 171 4 developing develop VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 171 5 an an DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 171 6 effective effective JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 171 7 vaccine vaccine NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 171 8 based base VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 171 9 on on IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 171 10 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 171 11 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 171 12 CoV cov NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 171 13 spike spike NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 171 14 protein protein NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 171 15 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 171 16 promising promising JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 171 17 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 1 In in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 2 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 3 absence absence NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 4 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 5 licensed licensed JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 6 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 7 or or CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 8 vaccine vaccine NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 9 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 10 current current JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 11 strategies strategy NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 12 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 13 combating combat VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 14 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 15 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 16 CoV cov NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 17 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 18 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 19 aimed aim VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 20 at at IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 21 reducing reduce VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 22 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 23 risk risk NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 24 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 25 animal animal NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 26 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 27 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 28 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 29 human human JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 30 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 31 human human NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 32 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 33 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 34 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 35 human human JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 36 transmissions transmission NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 172 37 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 1 Strategies strategy NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 2 recommended recommend VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 3 include include VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 4 avoidance avoidance NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 5 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 6 drinking drink VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 7 unpasteurized unpasteurized JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 8 camel camel NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 9 milk milk NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 10 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 11 limiting limit VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 12 direct direct JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 13 contact contact NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 14 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 15 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 16 sick sick JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 17 animal animal NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 18 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 19 avoidance avoidance NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 20 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 21 close close JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 22 contact contact NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 23 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 24 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 25 sharing sharing NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 26 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 27 utensils utensil NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 28 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 29 an an DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 30 infected infected JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 31 individual individual NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 32 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 33 using use VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 34 PPE PPE NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 35 when when WRB cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 36 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 37 direct direct JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 38 contact contact NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 39 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 40 an an DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 41 infected infected JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 42 person person NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 43 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 44 proper proper JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 45 hand hand NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 46 hygiene hygiene NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 173 47 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 1 In in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 2 addition addition NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 3 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 4 early early JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 5 recognition recognition NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 6 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 7 laboratory laboratory NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 8 confirmation confirmation NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 9 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 10 infected infected JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 11 cases case NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 12 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 13 segregation segregation NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 14 / / SYM cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 15 isolation isolation NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 16 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 17 infected infected JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 18 cases case NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 19 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 20 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 21 contact contact NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 22 tracing tracing NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 23 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 24 strict strict JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 25 implementation implementation NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 26 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 27 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 28 control control NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 29 measures measure NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 30 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 31 healthcare healthcare NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 32 settings setting NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 33 are be VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 34 all all RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 35 essential essential JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 36 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 37 controlling control VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 38 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 39 preventing preventing NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 40 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 41 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 42 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 43 CoV cov NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 44 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 45 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 46 spread spread NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 174 47 . . . cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 1 Replication replication NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 2 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 3 shedding shedding NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 4 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 5 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 6 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 7 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 8 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 9 upper upper JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 10 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 11 tract tract NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 12 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 13 inoculated inoculate VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 14 dromedary dromedary NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 15 camels camel NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 16 Case case VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 17 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 18 among among IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 19 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 20 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 21 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 22 syndrome syndrome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 23 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 24 outbreak outbreak NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 25 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 26 non non JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 27 - - JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 28 outbreak outbreak JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 29 cases case NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 30 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 31 Saudi Saudi NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 32 Arabia Arabia NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 33 from from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 34 2012 2012 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 35 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 36 2015 2015 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 37 Asymptomatic asymptomatic JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 38 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 39 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 40 CoV cov NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 41 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 42 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 43 humans human NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 44 possibly possibly RB cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 45 linked link VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 46 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 47 infected infected JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 48 dromedaries dromedary NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 49 imported import VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 50 from from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 51 Oman Oman NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 52 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 53 United United NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 54 Arab Arab NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 55 Emirates Emirates NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 56 Cross Cross NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 57 - - JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 58 sectional sectional JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 59 surveillance surveillance NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 60 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 61 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 62 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 63 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 64 syndrome syndrome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 65 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 66 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 67 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 68 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 69 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 70 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 71 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 72 dromedary dromedary NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 73 camels camel NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 74 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 75 other other JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 76 mammals mammal NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 77 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 78 Egypt Egypt NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 79 Risk Risk NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 80 factors factor NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 81 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 82 primary primary JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 83 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 84 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 85 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 86 syndrome syndrome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 87 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 88 illness illness NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 89 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 90 humans human NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 91 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 92 Saudi Saudi NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 93 Arabia Arabia NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 94 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 95 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 96 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 97 syndrome syndrome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 98 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 99 disease disease NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 100 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 101 rare rare JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 102 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 103 children child NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 104 : : : cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 105 an an DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 106 update update NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 107 from from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 108 Saudi Saudi NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 109 Arabia Arabia NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 110 Occurrence occurrence NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 111 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 112 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 113 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 114 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 115 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 116 syndrome syndrome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 117 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 118 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 119 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 120 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 121 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 122 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 123 across across IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 124 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 125 gulf gulf NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 126 corporation corporation NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 127 council council NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 128 countries country NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 129 : : : cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 130 four four CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 131 years year NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 132 update update VBP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 133 Further further JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 134 evidence evidence NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 135 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 136 bats bat NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 137 as as IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 138 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 139 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 140 source source NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 141 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 142 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 143 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 144 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 145 syndrome syndrome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 146 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 147 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 148 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 149 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 150 syndrome syndrome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 151 Epidemiological epidemiological JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 152 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 153 demographic demographic JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 154 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 155 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 156 clinical clinical JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 157 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 158 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 159 47 47 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 160 cases case NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 161 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 162 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 163 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 164 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 165 syndrome syndrome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 166 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 167 disease disease NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 168 from from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 169 Saudi Saudi NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 170 Arabia Arabia NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 171 : : : cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 172 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 173 descriptive descriptive JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 174 study study NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 175 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 176 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 177 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 178 syndrome syndrome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 179 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 180 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 181 during during IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 182 pregnancy pregnancy NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 183 : : : cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 184 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 185 report report NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 186 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 187 5 5 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 188 cases case NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 189 from from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 190 Saudi Saudi NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 191 Arabia Arabia NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 192 Evidence evidence NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 193 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 194 camel camel NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 195 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 196 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 197 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 198 human human JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 199 transmission transmission NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 200 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 201 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 202 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 203 Prevalence prevalence NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 204 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 205 comorbidities comorbiditie NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 206 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 207 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 208 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 209 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 210 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 211 syndrome syndrome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 212 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 213 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 214 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 215 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 216 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 217 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 218 : : : cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 219 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 220 systematic systematic JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 221 review review NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 222 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 223 meta meta NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 224 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 225 analysis analysis NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 226 Emerging Emerging NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 227 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 228 reemerging reemerge VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 229 diseases disease NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 230 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 231 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 232 World World NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 233 Health Health NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 234 Organization Organization NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 235 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 236 WHO who WP cord-304054-sn7rswab 175 237 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 1 Eastern Eastern NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 2 Mediterranean Mediterranean NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 3 Region Region NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 4 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 5 progress progress NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 6 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 7 challenges challenge NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 8 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 9 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 10 WHO who WP cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 11 initiatives initiative VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 12 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 13 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 14 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 15 : : : cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 16 understanding understand VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 17 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 18 latest late JJS cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 19 human human JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 20 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 21 threat threat NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 22 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 23 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 24 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 25 syndrome syndrome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 26 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 27 : : : cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 28 another another DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 29 zoonotic zoonotic JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 30 betacoronavirus betacoronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 31 causing cause VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 32 SARS SARS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 33 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 34 like like JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 35 disease disease NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 36 Treatment Treatment NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 37 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 38 lopinavir lopinavir NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 39 / / SYM cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 40 ritonavir ritonavir NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 41 or or CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 42 interferon interferon NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 43 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 44 β1b β1b NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 45 improves improve VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 46 outcome outcome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 47 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 48 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 49 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 50 CoV cov NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 51 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 52 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 53 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 54 nonhuman nonhuman NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 55 primate primate NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 56 model model NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 57 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 58 common common JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 59 marmoset marmoset JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 60 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 61 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 62 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 63 outbreak outbreak NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 64 following follow VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 65 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 66 single single JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 67 patient patient JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 68 exposure exposure NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 69 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 70 an an DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 71 emergency emergency NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 72 room room NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 73 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 74 South South NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 75 Korea Korea NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 76 : : : cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 77 an an DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 78 epidemiological epidemiological JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 79 outbreak outbreak NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 80 study study NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 81 SARS SARS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 82 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 83 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 176 84 : : : cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 1 recent recent JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 2 insights insight NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 3 into into IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 4 emerging emerge VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 5 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 6 Transmission Transmission NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 7 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 8 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 9 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 10 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 11 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 12 household household NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 13 contacts contact NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 14 Vaccines Vaccines NNPS cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 15 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 16 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 17 prevention prevention NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 18 against against IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 19 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 20 threat threat NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 21 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 22 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 23 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 24 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 25 Treatment Treatment NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 26 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 27 interferon interferon NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 28 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 29 α2b α2b JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 30 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 31 ribavirin ribavirin NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 32 improves improve VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 33 outcome outcome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 34 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 35 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 36 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 37 CoVinfected covinfecte VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 38 rhesus rhesu NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 177 39 macaques macaque NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 178 1 Molecular molecular JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 178 2 evolution evolution NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 178 3 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 178 4 human human JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 178 5 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 178 6 genomes genome NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 1 The the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 2 spike spike NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 3 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 4 protein protein NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 5 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 6 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 7 emerging emerge VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 8 betacoronavirus betacoronavirus NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 9 EMC EMC NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 10 uses use VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 11 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 12 novel novel JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 13 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 14 receptor receptor NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 15 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 16 entry entry NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 17 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 18 can can MD cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 19 be be VB cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 20 activated activate VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 21 by by IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 22 TMPRSS2 TMPRSS2 NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 23 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 24 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 25 targeted target VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 26 by by IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 27 neutralizing neutralize VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 28 antibodies antibody NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 29 Clinical clinical JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 30 features feature NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 31 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 32 viral viral JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 33 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 34 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 35 two two CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 36 cases case NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 37 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 38 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 39 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 40 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 41 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 42 Respiratory Respiratory NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 43 Syndrome Syndrome NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 44 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 45 : : : cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 46 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 47 report report NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 48 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 49 nosocomial nosocomial JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 50 transmission transmission NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 51 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 52 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 53 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 54 syndrome syndrome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 55 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 56 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 57 dromedary dromedary NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 58 camels camel NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 59 : : : cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 60 an an DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 61 outbreak outbreak NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 179 62 investigation investigation NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 1 An an DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 2 orthopoxvirus orthopoxvirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 3 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 4 based base VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 5 vaccine vaccine NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 6 reduces reduce VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 7 virus virus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 8 excretion excretion NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 9 after after IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 10 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 11 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 12 CoV cov NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 13 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 14 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 15 dromedary dromedary NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 16 camels camel NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 17 Outbreak Outbreak NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 18 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 19 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 20 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 21 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 22 syndrome syndrome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 23 at at IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 24 Tertiary Tertiary NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 25 Care Care NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 26 Hospital Hospital NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 27 Transmission Transmission NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 28 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 29 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 30 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 31 Respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 32 syndrome syndrome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 33 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 34 infections infection NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 35 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 36 healthcare healthcare NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 180 37 settings setting NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 181 1 A a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 181 2 novel novel JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 181 3 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 181 4 capable capable JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 181 5 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 181 6 lethal lethal JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 181 7 human human JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 181 8 infections infection NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 181 9 : : : cord-304054-sn7rswab 181 10 an an DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 181 11 emerging emerge VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 181 12 picture picture NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 181 13 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 181 14 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 181 15 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 181 16 syndrome syndrome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 181 17 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 181 18 control control NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 181 19 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 181 20 prevention prevention NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 181 21 guideline guideline NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 181 22 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 181 23 healthcare healthcare NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 181 24 facilities facility NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 1 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 2 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 3 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 4 syndrome syndrome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 5 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 7 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 8 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 9 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 11 outbreak outbreak NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 12 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 13 South South NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 14 Korea Korea NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 15 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 16 2015 2015 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 17 : : : cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 18 epidemiology epidemiology NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 19 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 20 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 21 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 22 public public JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 23 health health NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 24 implications implication NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 25 Transmission transmission NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 26 routes route NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 27 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 28 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 29 viruses virus NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 30 among among IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 31 humans human NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 32 Probable probable JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 33 transmission transmission NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 34 chains chain NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 35 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 36 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 37 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 38 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 39 syndrome syndrome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 40 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 41 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 42 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 43 multiple multiple JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 44 generations generation NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 45 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 46 secondary secondary JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 47 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 48 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 49 South South NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 50 Korea Korea NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 51 Molecular Molecular NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 52 basis basis NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 53 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 54 binding bind VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 55 between between IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 56 novel novel JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 57 human human JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 58 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 59 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 60 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 61 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 62 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 63 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 64 receptor receptor NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 65 CD26 CD26 NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 66 Human Human NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 67 polyclonal polyclonal JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 68 immunoglobulin immunoglobulin NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 69 G g NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 70 from from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 71 transchromosomic transchromosomic JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 72 bovines bovine NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 73 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 74 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 75 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 76 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 77 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 78 vivo vivo NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 79 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 80 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 81 : : : cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 82 diagnostics diagnostic NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 83 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 84 epidemiology epidemiology NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 85 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 86 transmission transmission NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 87 Screening screening NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 88 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 89 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 90 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 91 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 92 syndrome syndrome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 93 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 94 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 95 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 96 hospital hospital NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 97 patients patient NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 98 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 99 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 100 healthcare healthcare NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 101 worker worker NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 102 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 103 family family NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 104 contacts contact NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 105 : : : cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 106 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 107 prospective prospective JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 108 descriptive descriptive JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 109 study study NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 110 Respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 111 tract tract NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 112 samples sample NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 113 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 114 viral viral JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 115 load load NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 116 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 117 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 118 genome genome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 119 fraction fraction NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 120 yield yield NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 121 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 122 patients patient NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 123 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 124 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 125 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 126 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 127 syndrome syndrome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 128 Human human JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 129 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 130 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 131 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 132 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 133 after after IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 134 exposure exposure NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 135 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 136 infected infected JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 137 camels camel NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 138 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 139 Saudi Saudi NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 140 Arabia Arabia NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 141 Jumping jump VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 142 species species NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 143 - - : cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 144 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 145 mechanism mechanism NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 146 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 147 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 148 persistence persistence NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 149 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 150 survival survival NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 151 Dipeptidyl Dipeptidyl NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 152 peptidase peptidase NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 153 4 4 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 154 distribution distribution NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 155 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 156 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 157 human human JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 158 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 182 159 tract tract NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 183 1 The the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 183 2 emergence emergence NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 183 3 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 183 4 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 183 5 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 183 6 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 183 7 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 183 8 syndrome syndrome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 183 9 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 183 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 183 11 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 183 12 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 183 13 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 183 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 184 1 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 184 2 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 184 3 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 184 4 syndrome syndrome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 184 5 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 184 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 184 7 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 184 8 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 184 9 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 184 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 184 11 origin origin NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 184 12 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 184 13 animal animal NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 184 14 reservoir reservoir NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 185 1 Presence presence NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 185 2 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 185 3 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 185 4 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 185 5 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 185 6 syndrome syndrome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 185 7 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 185 8 antibodies antibody NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 185 9 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 185 10 Saudi Saudi NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 185 11 Arabia Arabia NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 185 12 : : : cord-304054-sn7rswab 186 1 REFERENCES reference NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 186 2 EMERGING emerge VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 186 3 AND and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 186 4 REEMERGING reemerge VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 186 5 VIRAL viral JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 186 6 PATHOGENS pathogen NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 1 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 2 nationwide nationwide JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 3 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 4 cross cross JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 5 - - JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 6 sectional sectional JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 7 , , , cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 8 serological serological JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 9 study study NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 10 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 11 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 12 CoV cov NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 13 outbreak outbreak NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 14 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 15 Jeddah Jeddah NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 16 - - : cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 17 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 18 link link NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 19 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 20 health health NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 21 care care NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 22 facilities facility NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 23 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 24 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 25 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 26 syndrome syndrome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 27 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 29 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 30 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 31 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 187 33 : : : cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 1 animal animal NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 2 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 3 human human JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 4 interaction interaction NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 5 Evidence evidence NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 6 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 7 person person NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 8 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 9 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 10 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 11 person person NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 12 transmission transmission NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 13 within within IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 14 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 15 family family NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 16 cluster cluster NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 17 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 18 novel novel JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 19 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 20 infections infection NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 21 Dipeptidyl Dipeptidyl NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 22 peptidase peptidase NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 23 4 4 CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 24 is be VBZ cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 25 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 26 functional functional JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 27 receptor receptor NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 28 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 29 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 30 emerging emerge VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 31 human human JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 32 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 33 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 34 EMC EMC NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 35 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 36 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 37 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 38 syndrome syndrome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 39 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 40 neutralising neutralise VBG cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 41 serum serum NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 42 antibodies antibody NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 43 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 44 dromedary dromedary NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 45 camels camel NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 46 : : : cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 47 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 48 comparative comparative JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 49 serological serological JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 50 study study NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 51 Occupational occupational JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 52 exposure exposure NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 53 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 54 dromedaries dromedary NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 55 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 56 risk risk NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 57 for for IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 58 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 59 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 60 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 188 61 infection infection NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 1 Co co NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 2 - - NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 3 circulation circulation NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 4 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 5 three three CD cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 6 camel camel NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 7 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 8 species specie NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 9 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 10 recombination recombination NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 11 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 12 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 13 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 14 CoVs CoVs NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 15 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 16 Saudi Saudi NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 17 Arabia Arabia NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 18 Stability Stability NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 19 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 20 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 21 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 22 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 23 syndrome syndrome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 24 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 26 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 27 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 28 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 30 under under IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 31 different different JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 32 environmental environmental JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 189 33 conditions condition NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 1 Comparison comparison NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 2 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 3 incubation incubation NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 4 period period NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 5 distribution distribution NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 6 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 7 human human JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 8 infections infection NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 9 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 10 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 11 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 12 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 13 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 14 South South NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 15 Korea Korea NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 16 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 17 Saudi Saudi NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 18 Arabia Arabia NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 19 Confirmed confirm VBD cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 20 global global JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 21 cases case NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 22 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 23 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 24 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 25 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 26 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 27 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 28 CoV CoV NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 29 global global JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 30 summary summary NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 31 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 32 assessment assessment NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 33 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 34 risk risk NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 35 Tissue tissue NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 36 distribution distribution NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 37 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 38 the the DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 39 MERS MERS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 40 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 41 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 42 receptor receptor NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 43 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 44 bats bat NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 45 Molecular molecular JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 46 diversity diversity NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 47 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 48 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 49 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 50 bats bat NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 51 Comparative comparative JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 52 pathology pathology NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 53 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 54 rhesus rhesus NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 55 macaque macaque NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 56 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 57 common common JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 58 marmoset marmoset NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 59 animal animal NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 60 models model NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 61 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 62 Middle Middle NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 63 East East NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 64 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 65 syndrome syndrome NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 66 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 67 Isolation isolation NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 68 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 69 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 70 novel novel JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 71 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 72 from from IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 73 a a DT cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 74 man man NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 75 with with IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 76 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 77 in in IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 78 Saudi Saudi NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 79 Arabia Arabia NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 80 Human human JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 81 cell cell NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 82 tropism tropism NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 83 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 84 innate innate JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 85 immune immune JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 86 system system NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 87 interactions interaction NNS cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 88 of of IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 89 human human JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 90 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 91 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 92 EMC EMC NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 93 compared compare VBN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 94 to to IN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 95 SARS SARS NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 96 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 97 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 98 Coronaviruses Coronaviruses NNP cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 99 - - HYPH cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 100 drug drug NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 101 discovery discovery NN cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 102 and and CC cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 103 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-304054-sn7rswab 190 104 options option NNS