id sid tid token lemma pos cord-259347-3acsko74 1 1 key key JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 1 2 : : : cord-259347-3acsko74 1 3 cord-259347 cord-259347 NN cord-259347-3acsko74 1 4 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 1 5 3acsko74 3acsko74 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 2 1 authors author NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 2 2 : : : cord-259347-3acsko74 2 3 Cheng Cheng NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 2 4 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 2 5 Qi Qi NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 2 6 ; ; : cord-259347-3acsko74 2 7 Yang Yang NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 2 8 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 2 9 Yue Yue NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 2 10 ; ; : cord-259347-3acsko74 2 11 Gao Gao NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 2 12 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 2 13 Jianqun Jianqun NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 2 14 title title NN cord-259347-3acsko74 2 15 : : : cord-259347-3acsko74 2 16 Infectivity infectivity NN cord-259347-3acsko74 2 17 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 2 18 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 2 19 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 2 20 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 2 21 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 2 22 brain brain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 2 23 date date NN cord-259347-3acsko74 2 24 : : : cord-259347-3acsko74 2 25 2020 2020 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 2 26 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 2 27 05 05 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 2 28 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 2 29 28 28 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 2 30 journal journal NN cord-259347-3acsko74 2 31 : : : cord-259347-3acsko74 3 1 EBioMedicine ebiomedicine NN cord-259347-3acsko74 3 2 DOI DOI NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 3 3 : : : cord-259347-3acsko74 3 4 10.1016 10.1016 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 3 5 / / SYM cord-259347-3acsko74 3 6 j.ebiom.2020.102799 j.ebiom.2020.102799 NN cord-259347-3acsko74 3 7 sha sha NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 3 8 : : : cord-259347-3acsko74 4 1 100a54809072039c7ae8e82d62803683ccbf548c 100a54809072039c7ae8e82d62803683ccbf548c CD cord-259347-3acsko74 5 1 doc_id doc_id LS cord-259347-3acsko74 5 2 : : : cord-259347-3acsko74 5 3 259347 259347 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 5 4 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 5 5 : : : cord-259347-3acsko74 5 6 3acsko74 3acsko74 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 5 7 A a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 5 8 new new JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 5 9 strain strain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 5 10 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 5 11 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 5 12 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 5 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 5 14 hCoVs hCoVs NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 5 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 5 16 , , . cord-259347-3acsko74 6 1 Severe severe JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 6 2 Acute acute JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 6 3 Respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 6 4 Syndrome syndrome NN cord-259347-3acsko74 6 5 Coronavirus-2 Coronavirus-2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 7 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 7 2 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 7 3 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 7 4 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 7 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 7 6 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 7 7 has have VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 7 8 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 7 9 identified identify VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 7 10 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 7 11 be be VB cord-259347-3acsko74 7 12 responsible responsible JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 7 13 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 7 14 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 7 15 current current JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 7 16 outbreak outbreak NN cord-259347-3acsko74 7 17 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 7 18 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 7 19 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 7 20 disease disease NN cord-259347-3acsko74 7 21 2019 2019 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 7 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 7 23 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 7 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 7 25 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 8 1 Though though IN cord-259347-3acsko74 8 2 major major JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 8 3 symptoms symptom NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 8 4 are be VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 8 5 primarily primarily RB cord-259347-3acsko74 8 6 generated generate VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 8 7 from from IN cord-259347-3acsko74 8 8 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 8 9 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 8 10 system system NN cord-259347-3acsko74 8 11 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 8 12 neurological neurological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 8 13 symptoms symptom NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 8 14 are be VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 8 15 being be VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 8 16 reported report VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 8 17 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 8 18 some some DT cord-259347-3acsko74 8 19 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 8 20 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 8 21 confirmed confirm VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 8 22 cases case NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 8 23 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 8 24 raising raise VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 8 25 concerns concern NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 8 26 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 8 27 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-259347-3acsko74 8 28 potential potential NN cord-259347-3acsko74 8 29 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 8 30 intracranial intracranial JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 8 31 invasion invasion NN cord-259347-3acsko74 8 32 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 8 33 neurological neurological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 8 34 manifestations manifestation NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 8 35 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 8 36 both both CC cord-259347-3acsko74 8 37 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 8 38 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 8 39 acute acute JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 8 40 phase phase NN cord-259347-3acsko74 8 41 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 8 42 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 8 43 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 8 44 long long JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 8 45 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 8 46 term term NN cord-259347-3acsko74 8 47 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 9 1 At at IN cord-259347-3acsko74 9 2 present present NN cord-259347-3acsko74 9 3 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 9 4 it -PRON- PRP cord-259347-3acsko74 9 5 remains remain VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 9 6 unclear unclear JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 9 7 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 9 8 extent extent NN cord-259347-3acsko74 9 9 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 9 10 which which WDT cord-259347-3acsko74 9 11 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 9 12 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 9 13 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 9 14 is be VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 9 15 present present JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 9 16 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 9 17 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 9 18 brain brain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 9 19 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 9 20 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 9 21 if if IN cord-259347-3acsko74 9 22 so so RB cord-259347-3acsko74 9 23 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 9 24 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-259347-3acsko74 9 25 pathogenic pathogenic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 9 26 role role NN cord-259347-3acsko74 9 27 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 9 28 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 9 29 central central JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 9 30 nervous nervous JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 9 31 system system NN cord-259347-3acsko74 9 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 9 33 CNS CNS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 9 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 9 35 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 10 1 Evidence evidence NN cord-259347-3acsko74 10 2 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 10 3 neuroinvasion neuroinvasion NN cord-259347-3acsko74 10 4 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 10 5 neurovirulence neurovirulence NN cord-259347-3acsko74 10 6 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 10 7 hCoVs hCoVs NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 10 8 has have VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 10 9 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 10 10 recognised recognise VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 10 11 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 10 12 animal animal NN cord-259347-3acsko74 10 13 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 10 14 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 10 15 studies study NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 10 16 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 11 1 Given give VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 11 2 that that IN cord-259347-3acsko74 11 3 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 11 4 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 11 5 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 11 6 belongs belong VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 11 7 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 11 8 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 11 9 same same JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 11 10 family family NN cord-259347-3acsko74 11 11 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 11 12 shares share NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 11 13 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 11 14 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 11 15 terms term NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 11 16 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 11 17 receptor receptor NN cord-259347-3acsko74 11 18 binding bind VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 11 19 properties property NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 11 20 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 11 21 it -PRON- PRP cord-259347-3acsko74 11 22 is be VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 11 23 worthwhile worthwhile JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 11 24 exploring explore VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 11 25 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-259347-3acsko74 11 26 potential potential JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 11 27 CNS CNS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 11 28 manifestations manifestation NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 11 29 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 12 1 This this DT cord-259347-3acsko74 12 2 review review NN cord-259347-3acsko74 12 3 summarises summarise VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 12 4 previous previous JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 12 5 findings finding NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 12 6 from from IN cord-259347-3acsko74 12 7 hCoVs hCoVs NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 12 8 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 12 9 relation relation NN cord-259347-3acsko74 12 10 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 12 11 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 12 12 CNS CNS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 12 13 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 12 14 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 12 15 compares compare VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 12 16 these these DT cord-259347-3acsko74 12 17 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 12 18 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 12 19 new new JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 12 20 strain strain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 12 21 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 12 22 aiming aim VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 12 23 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 12 24 provide provide VB cord-259347-3acsko74 12 25 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 12 26 better well JJR cord-259347-3acsko74 12 27 understanding understanding NN cord-259347-3acsko74 12 28 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 12 29 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 12 30 effects effect NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 12 31 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 12 32 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 12 33 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 12 34 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 12 35 on on IN cord-259347-3acsko74 12 36 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 12 37 CNS CNS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 12 38 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 13 1 Human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 13 2 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 13 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 13 4 hCoVs hCoVs NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 13 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 13 6 are be VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 13 7 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 13 8 group group NN cord-259347-3acsko74 13 9 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 13 10 enveloped envelop VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 13 11 RNA RNA NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 13 12 viruses virus NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 13 13 that that WDT cord-259347-3acsko74 13 14 are be VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 13 15 composed compose VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 13 16 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 13 17 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 13 18 single single JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 13 19 stranded strand VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 13 20 positive positive JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 13 21 sense sense NN cord-259347-3acsko74 13 22 RNA RNA NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 13 23 genome genome NN cord-259347-3acsko74 13 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 13 25 ~30 ~30 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 13 26 kb kb NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 13 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 13 28 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 14 1 The the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 14 2 entire entire JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 14 3 genome genome NN cord-259347-3acsko74 14 4 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 14 5 hCoVs hCoVs NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 14 6 encodes encode VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 14 7 spike spike NN cord-259347-3acsko74 14 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 14 9 S s NN cord-259347-3acsko74 14 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 14 11 glycoprotein glycoprotein NN cord-259347-3acsko74 14 12 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 14 13 membrane membrane NN cord-259347-3acsko74 14 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 14 15 M M NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 14 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 14 17 glycoprotein glycoprotein NN cord-259347-3acsko74 14 18 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 14 19 envelope envelope NN cord-259347-3acsko74 14 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 14 21 E e NN cord-259347-3acsko74 14 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 14 23 glycoprotein glycoprotein NN cord-259347-3acsko74 14 24 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 14 25 nucleocapsid nucleocapsid NN cord-259347-3acsko74 14 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 14 27 N N NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 14 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 14 29 protein protein NN cord-259347-3acsko74 14 30 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 14 31 RNA RNA NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 14 32 polymerase polymerase NN cord-259347-3acsko74 14 33 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 14 34 genes gene NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 14 35 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 14 36 numerous numerous JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 14 37 accessory accessory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 14 38 proteins protein NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 14 39 that that WDT cord-259347-3acsko74 14 40 modulate modulate VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 14 41 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-259347-3acsko74 14 42 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 14 43 among among IN cord-259347-3acsko74 14 44 which which WDT cord-259347-3acsko74 14 45 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 14 46 N N NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 14 47 protein protein NN cord-259347-3acsko74 14 48 is be VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 14 49 highly highly RB cord-259347-3acsko74 14 50 conserved conserve VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 14 51 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 14 52 most most JJS cord-259347-3acsko74 14 53 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 14 54 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 14 55 abundantly abundantly RB cord-259347-3acsko74 14 56 expressed express VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 14 57 during during IN cord-259347-3acsko74 14 58 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 14 59 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 14 60 1 1 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 14 61 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 14 62 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 14 63 thus thus RB cord-259347-3acsko74 14 64 acting act VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 14 65 as as IN cord-259347-3acsko74 14 66 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 14 67 critical critical JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 14 68 antigen antigen NN cord-259347-3acsko74 14 69 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 14 70 viral viral JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 14 71 detection detection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 14 72 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 15 1 The the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 15 2 S S NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 15 3 protein protein NN cord-259347-3acsko74 15 4 is be VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 15 5 biologically biologically RB cord-259347-3acsko74 15 6 critical critical JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 15 7 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 15 8 tropism tropism NN cord-259347-3acsko74 15 9 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 15 10 modulation modulation NN cord-259347-3acsko74 15 11 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 15 12 2 2 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 15 13 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 15 14 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 15 15 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 15 16 is be VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 15 17 considered consider VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 15 18 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 15 19 be be VB cord-259347-3acsko74 15 20 integral integral JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 15 21 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 15 22 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 15 23 capability capability NN cord-259347-3acsko74 15 24 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 15 25 hCoVs hCoVs NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 15 26 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 15 27 reach reach VB cord-259347-3acsko74 15 28 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 15 29 brain brain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 15 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 15 31 3 3 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 15 32 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 15 33 4 4 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 15 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 15 35 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 16 1 The the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 16 2 hCoVs hCoVs NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 16 3 include include VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 16 4 seven seven CD cord-259347-3acsko74 16 5 strains strain NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 16 6 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 16 7 three three CD cord-259347-3acsko74 16 8 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 16 9 which which WDT cord-259347-3acsko74 16 10 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 16 11 namely namely RB cord-259347-3acsko74 16 12 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 16 13 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 16 14 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 16 15 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 16 16 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 16 17 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 16 18 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 16 19 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 16 20 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 16 21 Middle Middle NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 16 22 East East NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 16 23 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 16 24 syndrome syndrome NN cord-259347-3acsko74 16 25 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 16 26 related relate VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 16 27 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 16 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 16 29 MERS MERS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 16 30 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 16 31 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 16 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 16 33 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 16 34 may may MD cord-259347-3acsko74 16 35 cause cause VB cord-259347-3acsko74 16 36 severe severe JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 16 37 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 16 38 disease disease NN cord-259347-3acsko74 16 39 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 16 40 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 16 41 relatively relatively RB cord-259347-3acsko74 16 42 high high JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 16 43 morbidity morbidity NN cord-259347-3acsko74 16 44 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 16 45 mortality mortality NN cord-259347-3acsko74 16 46 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 17 1 In in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 17 2 contrast contrast NN cord-259347-3acsko74 17 3 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 17 4 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 17 5 other other JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 17 6 four four CD cord-259347-3acsko74 17 7 strains strain NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 17 8 OC43 OC43 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 17 9 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 17 10 229E 229e CD cord-259347-3acsko74 17 11 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 17 12 NL63 NL63 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 17 13 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 17 14 HKU1 HKU1 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 17 15 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 17 16 are be VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 17 17 often often RB cord-259347-3acsko74 17 18 associated associate VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 17 19 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 17 20 symptoms symptom NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 17 21 akin akin JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 17 22 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 17 23 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 17 24 ' ' `` cord-259347-3acsko74 17 25 common common JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 17 26 cold cold NN cord-259347-3acsko74 17 27 ' ' '' cord-259347-3acsko74 17 28 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 17 29 hence hence RB cord-259347-3acsko74 17 30 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 17 31 are be VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 17 32 relatively relatively RB cord-259347-3acsko74 17 33 harmless harmless JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 17 34 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 18 1 Based base VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 18 2 on on IN cord-259347-3acsko74 18 3 genome genome NN cord-259347-3acsko74 18 4 analysis analysis NN cord-259347-3acsko74 18 5 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 18 6 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 18 7 OC43 OC43 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 18 8 strain strain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 18 9 shares share NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 18 10 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 18 11 531 531 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 18 12 % % NN cord-259347-3acsko74 18 13 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 18 14 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 18 15 512 512 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 18 16 % % NN cord-259347-3acsko74 18 17 identity identity NN cord-259347-3acsko74 18 18 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 18 19 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 18 20 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 18 21 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 18 22 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 18 23 hCoV-229E hCoV-229E NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 18 24 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 18 25 respectively respectively RB cord-259347-3acsko74 18 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 18 27 5 5 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 18 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 18 29 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 19 1 The the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 19 2 new new JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 19 3 strain strain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 19 4 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 19 5 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 19 6 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 19 7 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 19 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 19 9 previously previously RB cord-259347-3acsko74 19 10 called call VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 19 11 2019-CoV 2019-cov CD cord-259347-3acsko74 19 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 19 13 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 19 14 shares share VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 19 15 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 19 16 79 79 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 19 17 % % NN cord-259347-3acsko74 19 18 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 19 19 50 50 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 19 20 % % NN cord-259347-3acsko74 19 21 identity identity NN cord-259347-3acsko74 19 22 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 19 23 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 19 24 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 19 25 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 19 26 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 19 27 MERS MERS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 19 28 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 19 29 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 19 30 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 19 31 respectively respectively RB cord-259347-3acsko74 19 32 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 19 33 6 6 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 19 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 19 35 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 20 1 Mainly mainly RB cord-259347-3acsko74 20 2 considered consider VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 20 3 as as IN cord-259347-3acsko74 20 4 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 20 5 viruses virus NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 20 6 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 20 7 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 20 8 common common JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 20 9 manifestation manifestation NN cord-259347-3acsko74 20 10 from from IN cord-259347-3acsko74 20 11 hCoVs hCoVs NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 20 12 related relate VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 20 13 acute acute JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 20 14 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 20 15 disease disease NN cord-259347-3acsko74 20 16 is be VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 20 17 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-259347-3acsko74 20 18 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 20 19 which which WDT cord-259347-3acsko74 20 20 predisposes predispose VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 20 21 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 20 22 brain brain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 20 23 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 20 24 edema edema NN cord-259347-3acsko74 20 25 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 20 26 disturbed disturbed JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 20 27 metabolism metabolism NN cord-259347-3acsko74 20 28 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 20 29 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 20 30 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 20 31 neurological neurological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 20 32 manifestation manifestation NN cord-259347-3acsko74 20 33 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 21 1 However however RB cord-259347-3acsko74 21 2 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 21 3 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-259347-3acsko74 21 4 is be VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 21 5 not not RB cord-259347-3acsko74 21 6 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 21 7 only only JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 21 8 way way NN cord-259347-3acsko74 22 1 hCoVs hCoVs NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 22 2 were be VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 22 3 related relate VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 22 4 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 22 5 central central JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 22 6 nervous nervous JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 22 7 system system NN cord-259347-3acsko74 22 8 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 23 1 In in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 23 2 fact fact NN cord-259347-3acsko74 23 3 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 23 4 hCoVs hCoVs NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 23 5 have have VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 23 6 also also RB cord-259347-3acsko74 23 7 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 23 8 shown show VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 23 9 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 23 10 be be VB cord-259347-3acsko74 23 11 capable capable JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 23 12 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 23 13 invading invade VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 23 14 neural neural JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 23 15 cells cell NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 23 16 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 23 17 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 23 18 hence hence RB cord-259347-3acsko74 23 19 manifesting manifest VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 23 20 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 23 21 neurological neurological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 23 22 symptoms symptom NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 23 23 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 23 24 signs sign NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 23 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 23 26 Table table NN cord-259347-3acsko74 23 27 1 1 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 23 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 23 29 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 24 1 The the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 24 2 potential potential NN cord-259347-3acsko74 24 3 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 24 4 significant significant JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 24 5 neurological neurological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 24 6 deficits deficit NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 24 7 recently recently RB cord-259347-3acsko74 24 8 became become VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 24 9 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 24 10 concern concern NN cord-259347-3acsko74 24 11 following follow VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 24 12 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 24 13 report report NN cord-259347-3acsko74 24 14 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 24 15 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 24 16 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 24 17 patient patient NN cord-259347-3acsko74 24 18 who who WP cord-259347-3acsko74 24 19 demonstrated demonstrate VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 24 20 loss loss NN cord-259347-3acsko74 24 21 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 24 22 involuntary involuntary JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 24 23 control control NN cord-259347-3acsko74 24 24 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 24 25 breathing breathing NN cord-259347-3acsko74 24 26 due due IN cord-259347-3acsko74 24 27 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 24 28 presumed presume VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 24 29 involvement involvement NN cord-259347-3acsko74 24 30 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 24 31 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 24 32 inspiratory inspiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 24 33 area area NN cord-259347-3acsko74 24 34 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 24 35 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 24 36 brainstem brainstem NN cord-259347-3acsko74 24 37 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 24 38 as as RB cord-259347-3acsko74 24 39 well well RB cord-259347-3acsko74 24 40 as as IN cord-259347-3acsko74 24 41 reports report NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 24 42 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 24 43 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 24 44 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 24 45 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 24 46 infected infect VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 24 47 patients patient NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 24 48 developing develop VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 24 49 ataxia ataxia NN cord-259347-3acsko74 24 50 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 24 51 loss loss NN cord-259347-3acsko74 24 52 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 24 53 smell smell NN cord-259347-3acsko74 24 54 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 24 55 convulsions convulsion NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 24 56 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 24 57 7 7 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 24 58 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 24 59 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 25 1 In in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 25 2 vitro vitro FW cord-259347-3acsko74 25 3 studies study NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 25 4 have have VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 25 5 shown show VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 25 6 that that IN cord-259347-3acsko74 25 7 229E 229e CD cord-259347-3acsko74 25 8 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 25 9 OC43 OC43 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 25 10 hCoV hcov NN cord-259347-3acsko74 25 11 strains strain NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 25 12 can can MD cord-259347-3acsko74 25 13 infect infect VB cord-259347-3acsko74 25 14 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 25 15 wide wide JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 25 16 range range NN cord-259347-3acsko74 25 17 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 25 18 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 25 19 neural neural JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 25 20 cell cell NN cord-259347-3acsko74 25 21 cultures culture NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 25 22 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 25 23 including include VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 25 24 neuroblastoma neuroblastoma NN cord-259347-3acsko74 25 25 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 25 26 neuroglioma neuroglioma NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 25 27 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 25 28 astrocytoma astrocytoma NN cord-259347-3acsko74 25 29 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 25 30 microglial microglial JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 25 31 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 25 32 oligodendrocytic oligodendrocytic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 25 33 cell cell NN cord-259347-3acsko74 25 34 lines line NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 25 35 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 25 36 8À10 8à10 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 25 37 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 25 38 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 26 1 In in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 26 2 addition addition NN cord-259347-3acsko74 26 3 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 26 4 animal animal NN cord-259347-3acsko74 26 5 studies study NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 26 6 have have VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 26 7 also also RB cord-259347-3acsko74 26 8 revealed reveal VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 26 9 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 26 10 neuroinvasion neuroinvasion NN cord-259347-3acsko74 26 11 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 26 12 neurovirulence neurovirulence NN cord-259347-3acsko74 26 13 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 26 14 hCoV hCoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 26 15 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 26 16 OC43 OC43 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 26 17 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 26 18 4,5,11À13 4,5,11à13 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 26 19 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 26 20 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 27 1 Importantly importantly RB cord-259347-3acsko74 27 2 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 27 3 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 27 4 significantly significantly RB cord-259347-3acsko74 27 5 higher high JJR cord-259347-3acsko74 27 6 prevalence prevalence NN cord-259347-3acsko74 27 7 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 27 8 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 27 9 OC43 OC43 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 27 10 strain strain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 27 11 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 27 12 terms term NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 27 13 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 27 14 viral viral JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 27 15 RNA RNA NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 27 16 detection detection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 27 17 has have VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 27 18 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 27 19 shown show VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 27 20 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 27 21 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 27 22 brain brain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 27 23 autopsy autopsy JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 27 24 samples sample NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 27 25 from from IN cord-259347-3acsko74 27 26 multiple multiple JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 27 27 sclerosis sclerosis NN cord-259347-3acsko74 27 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 27 29 MS MS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 27 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 27 31 patients patient NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 27 32 when when WRB cord-259347-3acsko74 27 33 compared compare VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 27 34 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 27 35 other other JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 27 36 neurological neurological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 27 37 diseases disease NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 27 38 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 27 39 normal normal JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 27 40 controls control NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 27 41 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 27 42 which which WDT cord-259347-3acsko74 27 43 is be VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 27 44 consistent consistent JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 27 45 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 27 46 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 27 47 left left JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 27 48 lower low JJR cord-259347-3acsko74 27 49 lobe lobe NN cord-259347-3acsko74 27 50 infiltrates infiltrate VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 27 51 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 27 52 11 11 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 27 53 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 27 54 →obvious →obvious JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 27 55 resolution resolution NN cord-259347-3acsko74 27 56 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 27 57 28 28 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 27 58 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 27 59 →progressive →progressive CD cord-259347-3acsko74 27 60 bibasilar bibasilar JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 27 61 infiltrations infiltration NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 27 62 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 27 63 35 35 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 27 64 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 27 65 CT CT NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 27 66 : : : cord-259347-3acsko74 27 67 broad broad JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 27 68 encephalic encephalic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 27 69 pathological pathological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 27 70 changes change NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 27 71 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 27 72 probably probably RB cord-259347-3acsko74 27 73 ischemia ischemia NN cord-259347-3acsko74 27 74 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 27 75 necrosis necrosis NN cord-259347-3acsko74 27 76 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 27 77 brain brain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 27 78 edema edema NN cord-259347-3acsko74 27 79 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 27 80 33 33 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 27 81 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 28 1 none none NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 28 2 Eye eye JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 28 3 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 28 4 ground ground NN cord-259347-3acsko74 28 5 exam exam NN cord-259347-3acsko74 28 6 : : : cord-259347-3acsko74 28 7 an an DT cord-259347-3acsko74 28 8 exudation exudation NN cord-259347-3acsko74 28 9 around around IN cord-259347-3acsko74 28 10 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 28 11 visual visual JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 28 12 yellow yellow JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 28 13 zone zone NN cord-259347-3acsko74 28 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 28 15 26 26 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 28 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 28 17 Death death NN cord-259347-3acsko74 28 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 28 19 Recovery Recovery NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 28 20 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 28 21 15 15 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 28 22 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 29 1 All all DT cord-259347-3acsko74 29 2 cases case NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 29 3 had have VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 29 4 fever fever NN cord-259347-3acsko74 29 5 and/or and/or CC cord-259347-3acsko74 29 6 flu flu NN cord-259347-3acsko74 29 7 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 29 8 like like JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 29 9 symptoms symptom NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 29 10 at at IN cord-259347-3acsko74 29 11 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 29 12 onset onset NN cord-259347-3acsko74 29 13 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 30 1 Half half NN cord-259347-3acsko74 30 2 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 30 3 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 30 4 patients patient NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 30 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 30 6 5/10 5/10 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 30 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 30 8 had have VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 30 9 headache headache NN cord-259347-3acsko74 30 10 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 30 11 dizziness dizziness NN cord-259347-3acsko74 30 12 or or CC cord-259347-3acsko74 30 13 vomiting vomiting NN cord-259347-3acsko74 30 14 as as IN cord-259347-3acsko74 30 15 an an DT cord-259347-3acsko74 30 16 early early JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 30 17 sign sign NN cord-259347-3acsko74 30 18 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 30 19 neurological neurological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 30 20 manifestation manifestation NN cord-259347-3acsko74 30 21 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 31 1 2/3 2/3 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 31 2 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 31 3 patients patient NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 31 4 had have VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 31 5 seizures seizure NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 31 6 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 31 7 whereas whereas IN cord-259347-3acsko74 31 8 3/5 3/5 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 31 9 MERS MERS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 31 10 patients patient NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 31 11 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 31 12 both both CC cord-259347-3acsko74 31 13 OC43-infected oc43-infected CD cord-259347-3acsko74 31 14 cases case NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 31 15 had have VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 31 16 facial facial JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 31 17 / / SYM cord-259347-3acsko74 31 18 limb limb NN cord-259347-3acsko74 31 19 paralysis paralysis NN cord-259347-3acsko74 31 20 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 32 1 Unfortunately unfortunately RB cord-259347-3acsko74 32 2 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 32 3 MERS MERS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 32 4 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 32 5 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 32 6 has have VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 32 7 not not RB cord-259347-3acsko74 32 8 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 32 9 detected detect VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 32 10 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 32 11 CSF CSF NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 32 12 samples sample NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 32 13 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 32 14 any any DT cord-259347-3acsko74 32 15 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 32 16 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 32 17 reported report VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 32 18 cases case NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 32 19 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 33 1 Ischaemic Ischaemic NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 33 2 changes change NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 33 3 have have VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 33 4 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 33 5 detected detect VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 33 6 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 33 7 images image NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 33 8 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 33 9 half half NN cord-259347-3acsko74 33 10 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 33 11 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 33 12 patients patient NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 33 13 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 33 14 while while IN cord-259347-3acsko74 33 15 haemorrhagic haemorrhagic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 33 16 pathology pathology NN cord-259347-3acsko74 33 17 has have VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 33 18 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 33 19 identified identify VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 33 20 on on IN cord-259347-3acsko74 33 21 one one CD cord-259347-3acsko74 33 22 MERS MERS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 33 23 patient patient JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 33 24 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 34 1 The the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 34 2 OC43-related oc43-related CD cord-259347-3acsko74 34 3 CNS CNS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 34 4 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 34 5 infected infect VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 34 6 patients patient NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 34 7 were be VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 34 8 younger young JJR cord-259347-3acsko74 34 9 compared compare VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 34 10 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 34 11 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 34 12 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 34 13 MERS MERS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 34 14 patients patient NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 34 15 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 35 1 GCS GCS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 35 2 : : : cord-259347-3acsko74 36 1 Glasgow Glasgow NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 36 2 Coma Coma NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 36 3 Scale Scale NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 36 4 ; ; : cord-259347-3acsko74 36 5 NCV ncv NN cord-259347-3acsko74 36 6 : : : cord-259347-3acsko74 36 7 Nerve nerve NN cord-259347-3acsko74 36 8 Conduct conduct NN cord-259347-3acsko74 36 9 Velocity velocity NN cord-259347-3acsko74 36 10 ; ; : cord-259347-3acsko74 36 11 EMG EMG NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 36 12 : : : cord-259347-3acsko74 36 13 Electroneuromyography Electroneuromyography NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 36 14 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 37 1 capability capability NN cord-259347-3acsko74 37 2 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 37 3 neuroinvasion neuroinvasion NN cord-259347-3acsko74 37 4 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 37 5 this this DT cord-259347-3acsko74 37 6 hCoV hcov NN cord-259347-3acsko74 37 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 37 8 3 3 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 37 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 37 10 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 38 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-259347-3acsko74 38 2 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 38 3 OC43 OC43 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 38 4 has have VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 38 5 also also RB cord-259347-3acsko74 38 6 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 38 7 identified identify VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 38 8 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 38 9 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 38 10 teenager teenager NN cord-259347-3acsko74 38 11 patient patient NN cord-259347-3acsko74 38 12 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 38 13 demyelinating demyelinating JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 38 14 disease disease NN cord-259347-3acsko74 38 15 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 38 16 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 38 17 whom whom WP cord-259347-3acsko74 38 18 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 38 19 virus virus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 38 20 was be VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 38 21 detected detect VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 38 22 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 38 23 both both DT cord-259347-3acsko74 38 24 CSF CSF NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 38 25 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 38 26 nasopharyngeal nasopharyngeal JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 38 27 secretions secretion NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 38 28 by by IN cord-259347-3acsko74 38 29 PCR PCR NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 38 30 technology technology NN cord-259347-3acsko74 38 31 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 38 32 14 14 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 38 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 38 34 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 39 1 The the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 39 2 hCoV hCoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 39 3 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 39 4 OC43 OC43 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 39 5 has have VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 39 6 also also RB cord-259347-3acsko74 39 7 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 39 8 associated associate VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 39 9 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 39 10 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 39 11 fatal fatal JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 39 12 encephalitis encephalitis NN cord-259347-3acsko74 39 13 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 39 14 an an DT cord-259347-3acsko74 39 15 infant infant NN cord-259347-3acsko74 39 16 although although IN cord-259347-3acsko74 39 17 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 39 18 underlying underlie VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 39 19 circumstances circumstance NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 39 20 are be VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 39 21 still still RB cord-259347-3acsko74 39 22 unclear unclear JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 39 23 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 39 24 15 15 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 39 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 39 26 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 40 1 Additionally additionally RB cord-259347-3acsko74 40 2 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 40 3 co co NN cord-259347-3acsko74 40 4 - - NN cord-259347-3acsko74 40 5 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 40 6 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 40 7 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 40 8 229E 229e CD cord-259347-3acsko74 40 9 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 40 10 OC43 OC43 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 40 11 strains strain NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 40 12 has have VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 40 13 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 40 14 reported report VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 40 15 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 40 16 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 40 17 young young JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 40 18 girl girl NN cord-259347-3acsko74 40 19 who who WP cord-259347-3acsko74 40 20 developed develop VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 40 21 an an DT cord-259347-3acsko74 40 22 acute acute JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 40 23 flaccid flaccid JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 40 24 paralysis paralysis NN cord-259347-3acsko74 40 25 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 40 26 16 16 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 40 27 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 40 28 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 41 1 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 41 2 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 41 3 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 41 4 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 41 5 MERS MERS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 41 6 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 41 7 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 41 8 have have VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 41 9 also also RB cord-259347-3acsko74 41 10 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 41 11 linked link VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 41 12 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 41 13 neurological neurological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 41 14 manifestations manifestation NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 41 15 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 42 1 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 42 2 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 42 3 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 42 4 has have VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 42 5 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 42 6 shown show VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 42 7 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 42 8 be be VB cord-259347-3acsko74 42 9 capable capable JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 42 10 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 42 11 infecting infect VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 42 12 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 42 13 neural neural JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 42 14 cells cell NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 42 15 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 42 16 17 17 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 42 17 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 42 18 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 42 19 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 42 20 neuroinvasion neuroinvasion NN cord-259347-3acsko74 42 21 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 42 22 neurovirulence neurovirulence NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 42 23 have have VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 42 24 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 42 25 found find VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 42 26 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 42 27 studies study NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 42 28 involving involve VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 42 29 both both DT cord-259347-3acsko74 42 30 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 42 31 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 42 32 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 42 33 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 42 34 18À23 18à23 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 42 35 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 42 36 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 42 37 MERS MERS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 42 38 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 42 39 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 42 40 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 42 41 24 24 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 42 42 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 42 43 25 25 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 42 44 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 42 45 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 43 1 An an DT cord-259347-3acsko74 43 2 association association NN cord-259347-3acsko74 43 3 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 43 4 these these DT cord-259347-3acsko74 43 5 two two CD cord-259347-3acsko74 43 6 more more JJR cord-259347-3acsko74 43 7 highly highly RB cord-259347-3acsko74 43 8 pathogenic pathogenic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 43 9 viruses virus NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 43 10 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 43 11 neurological neurological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 43 12 manifestations manifestation NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 43 13 have have VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 43 14 also also RB cord-259347-3acsko74 43 15 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 43 16 reported report VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 43 17 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 44 1 For for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 44 2 instance instance NN cord-259347-3acsko74 44 3 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 44 4 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 44 5 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 44 6 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 44 7 particles particle NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 44 8 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 44 9 genomic genomic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 44 10 sequences sequence NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 44 11 have have VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 44 12 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 44 13 detected detect VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 44 14 from from IN cord-259347-3acsko74 44 15 post post JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 44 16 - - JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 44 17 mortem mortem JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 44 18 brain brain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 44 19 tissues tissue NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 44 20 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 44 21 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 44 22 patients patient NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 44 23 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 44 24 26À28 26à28 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 44 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 44 26 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 45 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-259347-3acsko74 45 2 have have VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 45 3 also also RB cord-259347-3acsko74 45 4 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 45 5 detected detect VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 45 6 using use VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 45 7 RT RT NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 45 8 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 45 9 PCR PCR NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 45 10 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 45 11 CSF CSF NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 45 12 samples sample NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 45 13 from from IN cord-259347-3acsko74 45 14 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 45 15 32-year 32-year JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 45 16 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 45 17 old old JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 45 18 pregnant pregnant JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 45 19 female female JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 45 20 patient patient NN cord-259347-3acsko74 45 21 who who WP cord-259347-3acsko74 45 22 presented present VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 45 23 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 45 24 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 45 25 brief brief JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 45 26 duration duration NN cord-259347-3acsko74 45 27 generalized generalize VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 45 28 convulsion convulsion NN cord-259347-3acsko74 45 29 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 45 30 accompanying accompanying JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 45 31 loss loss NN cord-259347-3acsko74 45 32 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 45 33 consciousness consciousness NN cord-259347-3acsko74 45 34 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 45 35 29 29 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 45 36 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 45 37 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 45 38 within within IN cord-259347-3acsko74 45 39 24 24 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 45 40 h h NN cord-259347-3acsko74 45 41 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 45 42 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 45 43 first first JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 45 44 seizure seizure NN cord-259347-3acsko74 45 45 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 45 46 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 45 47 59-year 59-year JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 45 48 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 45 49 old old JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 45 50 female female JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 45 51 patient patient NN cord-259347-3acsko74 45 52 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 45 53 30 30 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 45 54 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 45 55 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 46 1 Although although IN cord-259347-3acsko74 46 2 there there EX cord-259347-3acsko74 46 3 is be VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 46 4 less less JJR cord-259347-3acsko74 46 5 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 46 6 direct direct JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 46 7 evidence evidence NN cord-259347-3acsko74 46 8 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 46 9 viral viral JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 46 10 presence presence NN cord-259347-3acsko74 46 11 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 46 12 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 46 13 CNS CNS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 46 14 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 46 15 MERS MERS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 46 16 patients patient NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 46 17 have have VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 46 18 also also RB cord-259347-3acsko74 46 19 presented present VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 46 20 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 46 21 neurological neurological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 46 22 findings finding NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 46 23 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 46 24 such such JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 46 25 as as IN cord-259347-3acsko74 46 26 altered alter VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 46 27 consciousness consciousness NN cord-259347-3acsko74 46 28 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 46 29 as as RB cord-259347-3acsko74 46 30 well well RB cord-259347-3acsko74 46 31 as as IN cord-259347-3acsko74 46 32 manifested manifest VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 46 33 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 46 34 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 46 35 wide wide JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 46 36 range range NN cord-259347-3acsko74 46 37 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 46 38 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 46 39 on on IN cord-259347-3acsko74 46 40 brain brain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 46 41 MRI MRI NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 46 42 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 46 43 31 31 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 46 44 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 46 45 32 32 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 46 46 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 46 47 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 47 1 Regarding regard VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 47 2 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 47 3 regional regional JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 47 4 distribution distribution NN cord-259347-3acsko74 47 5 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 47 6 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 47 7 virus virus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 47 8 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 47 9 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 47 10 CNS CNS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 47 11 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 47 12 data datum NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 47 13 from from IN cord-259347-3acsko74 47 14 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 47 15 post post JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 47 16 - - JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 47 17 mortem mortem JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 47 18 studies study NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 47 19 have have VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 47 20 shown show VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 47 21 that that IN cord-259347-3acsko74 47 22 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 47 23 from from IN cord-259347-3acsko74 47 24 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 47 25 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 47 26 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 47 27 was be VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 47 28 confined confine VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 47 29 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 47 30 neurons neuron NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 47 31 within within IN cord-259347-3acsko74 47 32 selected select VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 47 33 areas area NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 47 34 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 47 35 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 47 36 brain brain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 47 37 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 47 38 including include VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 47 39 thalamus thalamus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 47 40 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 47 41 cerebrum cerebrum NN cord-259347-3acsko74 47 42 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 47 43 brainstem brainstem NN cord-259347-3acsko74 47 44 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 47 45 hypothalamus hypothalamus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 47 46 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 47 47 cortex cortex NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 47 48 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 47 49 22 22 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 47 50 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 47 51 27 27 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 47 52 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 47 53 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 48 1 Intriguingly intriguingly RB cord-259347-3acsko74 48 2 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 48 3 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 48 4 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 48 5 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 48 6 has have VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 48 7 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 48 8 detected detect VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 48 9 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 48 10 cerebrum cerebrum NN cord-259347-3acsko74 48 11 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 48 12 but but CC cord-259347-3acsko74 48 13 not not RB cord-259347-3acsko74 48 14 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 48 15 cerebellum cerebellum NN cord-259347-3acsko74 48 16 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 48 17 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 48 18 both both DT cord-259347-3acsko74 48 19 animal animal NN cord-259347-3acsko74 48 20 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 48 21 22 22 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 48 22 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 48 23 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 48 24 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 48 25 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 48 26 28 28 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 48 27 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 48 28 studies study NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 48 29 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 49 1 In in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 49 2 animals animal NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 49 3 infected infect VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 49 4 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 49 5 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 49 6 CNS CNS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 49 7 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 49 8 MERS MERS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 49 9 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 49 10 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 49 11 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 49 12 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 49 13 thalamus thalamus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 49 14 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 49 15 brain brain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 49 16 stem stem NN cord-259347-3acsko74 49 17 were be VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 49 18 found find VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 49 19 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 49 20 be be VB cord-259347-3acsko74 49 21 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 49 22 highest high JJS cord-259347-3acsko74 49 23 infected infected JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 49 24 sites site NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 49 25 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 49 26 25 25 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 49 27 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 49 28 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 50 1 Data datum NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 50 2 from from IN cord-259347-3acsko74 50 3 multiple multiple JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 50 4 hACE2 hace2 NN cord-259347-3acsko74 50 5 transgenic transgenic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 50 6 mouse mouse NN cord-259347-3acsko74 50 7 models model NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 50 8 has have VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 50 9 revealed reveal VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 50 10 that that IN cord-259347-3acsko74 50 11 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 50 12 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 50 13 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 50 14 detection detection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 50 15 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 50 16 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 50 17 brain brain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 50 18 is be VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 50 19 significantly significantly RB cord-259347-3acsko74 50 20 delayed delay VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 50 21 compared compare VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 50 22 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 50 23 that that DT cord-259347-3acsko74 50 24 within within IN cord-259347-3acsko74 50 25 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 50 26 lung lung NN cord-259347-3acsko74 50 27 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 50 28 consistent consistent JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 50 29 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 50 30 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 50 31 initial initial JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 50 32 establishment establishment NN cord-259347-3acsko74 50 33 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 50 34 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 50 35 within within IN cord-259347-3acsko74 50 36 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 50 37 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 50 38 system system NN cord-259347-3acsko74 50 39 before before IN cord-259347-3acsko74 50 40 dissemination dissemination NN cord-259347-3acsko74 50 41 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 50 42 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 50 43 CNS CNS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 50 44 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 50 45 21À23 21à23 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 50 46 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 50 47 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 51 1 Several several JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 51 2 dissemination dissemination NN cord-259347-3acsko74 51 3 routes route NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 51 4 have have VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 51 5 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 51 6 proposed propose VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 51 7 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 51 8 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 51 9 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 51 10 gain gain VB cord-259347-3acsko74 51 11 access access NN cord-259347-3acsko74 51 12 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 51 13 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 51 14 CNS CNS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 51 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 51 16 Fig fig NN cord-259347-3acsko74 51 17 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 51 18 1 1 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 51 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 51 20 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 52 1 The the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 52 2 mouse mouse NN cord-259347-3acsko74 52 3 hepatitis hepatitis NN cord-259347-3acsko74 52 4 virus virus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 52 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 52 6 MHV MHV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 52 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 52 8 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 52 9 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 52 10 neurotropic neurotropic NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 52 11 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 52 12 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 52 13 has have VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 52 14 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 52 15 shown show VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 52 16 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 52 17 enter enter VB cord-259347-3acsko74 52 18 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 52 19 CNS CNS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 52 20 via via IN cord-259347-3acsko74 52 21 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 52 22 transneuronal transneuronal JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 52 23 route route NN cord-259347-3acsko74 52 24 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 52 25 disseminate disseminate VB cord-259347-3acsko74 52 26 within within IN cord-259347-3acsko74 52 27 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 52 28 brain brain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 52 29 via via IN cord-259347-3acsko74 52 30 neuroanatomic neuroanatomic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 52 31 pathways pathway NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 52 32 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 52 33 33 33 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 52 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 52 35 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 53 1 In in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 53 2 mice mouse NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 53 3 transgenic transgenic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 53 4 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 53 5 hACE2 hace2 ADD cord-259347-3acsko74 53 6 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 53 7 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 53 8 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 53 9 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 53 10 seems seem VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 53 11 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 53 12 enter enter VB cord-259347-3acsko74 53 13 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 53 14 brain brain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 53 15 via via IN cord-259347-3acsko74 53 16 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 53 17 olfactory olfactory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 53 18 bulb bulb NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 53 19 post post NN cord-259347-3acsko74 53 20 intranasal intranasal NN cord-259347-3acsko74 53 21 inoculation inoculation NN cord-259347-3acsko74 53 22 before before IN cord-259347-3acsko74 53 23 disseminating disseminate VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 53 24 transneuronally transneuronally RB cord-259347-3acsko74 53 25 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 53 26 distal distal VB cord-259347-3acsko74 53 27 connected connected JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 53 28 neurons neuron NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 53 29 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 53 30 causing cause VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 53 31 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 53 32 dysfunction/ dysfunction/ CD cord-259347-3acsko74 53 33 death death NN cord-259347-3acsko74 53 34 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 53 35 these these DT cord-259347-3acsko74 53 36 infected infected JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 53 37 neurons neuron NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 53 38 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 53 39 18 18 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 53 40 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 53 41 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 54 1 A a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 54 2 similar similar JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 54 3 dissemination dissemination NN cord-259347-3acsko74 54 4 pattern pattern NN cord-259347-3acsko74 54 5 has have VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 54 6 also also RB cord-259347-3acsko74 54 7 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 54 8 detected detect VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 54 9 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 54 10 OC43-inoculated oc43-inoculated CD cord-259347-3acsko74 54 11 mice mouse NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 54 12 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 54 13 5 5 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 54 14 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 54 15 13 13 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 54 16 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 54 17 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 55 1 However however RB cord-259347-3acsko74 55 2 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 55 3 different different JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 55 4 observations observation NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 55 5 were be VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 55 6 found find VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 55 7 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 55 8 another another DT cord-259347-3acsko74 55 9 hACE2 hace2 NN cord-259347-3acsko74 55 10 transgenic transgenic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 55 11 mouse mouse NN cord-259347-3acsko74 55 12 model model NN cord-259347-3acsko74 55 13 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 55 14 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 55 15 which which WDT cord-259347-3acsko74 55 16 no no DT cord-259347-3acsko74 55 17 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 55 18 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 55 19 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 55 20 was be VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 55 21 detected detect VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 55 22 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 55 23 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 55 24 olfactory olfactory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 55 25 bulb bulb NN cord-259347-3acsko74 55 26 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 55 27 or or CC cord-259347-3acsko74 55 28 preferentially preferentially RB cord-259347-3acsko74 55 29 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 55 30 sites site NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 55 31 transneuronally transneuronally RB cord-259347-3acsko74 55 32 connected connect VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 55 33 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 55 34 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 55 35 olfactory olfactory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 55 36 bulb bulb NN cord-259347-3acsko74 55 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 55 38 22 22 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 55 39 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 55 40 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 56 1 In in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 56 2 addition addition NN cord-259347-3acsko74 56 3 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 56 4 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 56 5 recent recent JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 56 6 study study NN cord-259347-3acsko74 56 7 has have VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 56 8 revealed reveal VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 56 9 that that IN cord-259347-3acsko74 56 10 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 56 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 56 12 Angiotensinconverting Angiotensinconverting NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 56 13 Enzyme Enzyme NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 56 14 2 2 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 56 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 56 16 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 56 17 TMPRSS2 TMPRSS2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 56 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 56 19 transmembrane transmembrane NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 56 20 protease protease NN cord-259347-3acsko74 56 21 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 56 22 serine serine NN cord-259347-3acsko74 56 23 2 2 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 56 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 56 25 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 56 26 two two CD cord-259347-3acsko74 56 27 key key JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 56 28 genes gene NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 56 29 involved involve VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 56 30 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 56 31 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 56 32 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 56 33 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 56 34 entry entry NN cord-259347-3acsko74 56 35 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 56 36 are be VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 56 37 not not RB cord-259347-3acsko74 56 38 expressed express VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 56 39 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 56 40 olfactory olfactory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 56 41 sensory sensory NN cord-259347-3acsko74 56 42 or or CC cord-259347-3acsko74 56 43 bulb bulb NN cord-259347-3acsko74 56 44 neurons neuron NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 56 45 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 56 46 but but CC cord-259347-3acsko74 56 47 rather rather RB cord-259347-3acsko74 56 48 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 56 49 olfactory olfactory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 56 50 epithelial epithelial JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 56 51 cells cell NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 56 52 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 56 53 63 63 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 56 54 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 56 55 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 56 56 suggesting suggest VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 56 57 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 56 58 involvement involvement NN cord-259347-3acsko74 56 59 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 56 60 other other JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 56 61 dissemination dissemination NN cord-259347-3acsko74 56 62 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 56 63 independent independent JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 56 64 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 56 65 axonal axonal JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 56 66 transport transport NN cord-259347-3acsko74 56 67 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 57 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-259347-3acsko74 57 2 has have VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 57 3 also also RB cord-259347-3acsko74 57 4 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 57 5 proposed propose VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 57 6 that that IN cord-259347-3acsko74 57 7 hCoVs hCoVs NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 57 8 can can MD cord-259347-3acsko74 57 9 gain gain VB cord-259347-3acsko74 57 10 access access NN cord-259347-3acsko74 57 11 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 57 12 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 57 13 CNS CNS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 57 14 via via IN cord-259347-3acsko74 57 15 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 57 16 certain certain JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 57 17 neurotransmitter neurotransmitter NN cord-259347-3acsko74 57 18 pathways pathway NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 57 19 such such JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 57 20 as as IN cord-259347-3acsko74 57 21 serotoninergic serotoninergic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 57 22 dorsal dorsal JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 57 23 raphe raphe NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 57 24 system system NN cord-259347-3acsko74 57 25 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 57 26 18 18 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 57 27 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 57 28 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 57 29 which which WDT cord-259347-3acsko74 57 30 primarily primarily RB cord-259347-3acsko74 57 31 projects project VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 57 32 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 57 33 cerebral cerebral JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 57 34 cortex cortex NN cord-259347-3acsko74 57 35 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 57 36 neostriatum neostriatum NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 57 37 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 57 38 amygdala amygdala NN cord-259347-3acsko74 57 39 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 57 40 substantia substantia NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 57 41 nigra nigra NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 57 42 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 57 43 pons pons NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 57 44 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 57 45 hippocampus hippocampus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 57 46 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 57 47 entorhinal entorhinal NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 57 48 cortex cortex NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 57 49 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 57 50 locus locus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 57 51 coeruleus coeruleu VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 57 52 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 58 1 However however RB cord-259347-3acsko74 58 2 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 58 3 this this DT cord-259347-3acsko74 58 4 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-259347-3acsko74 58 5 is be VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 58 6 speculative speculative JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 58 7 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 58 8 requires require VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 58 9 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 58 10 be be VB cord-259347-3acsko74 58 11 further further RB cord-259347-3acsko74 58 12 tested test VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 58 13 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 58 14 vivo vivo NN cord-259347-3acsko74 58 15 models model NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 58 16 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 59 1 Viremia Viremia NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 59 2 has have VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 59 3 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 59 4 observed observe VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 59 5 following follow VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 59 6 intranasal intranasal NN cord-259347-3acsko74 59 7 inoculation inoculation NN cord-259347-3acsko74 59 8 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 59 9 MHV MHV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 59 10 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 59 11 34 34 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 59 12 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 59 13 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 59 14 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 59 15 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 59 16 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 59 17 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 59 18 21 21 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 59 19 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 59 20 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 59 21 transgenic transgenic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 59 22 mice mouse NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 59 23 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 60 1 In in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 60 2 addition addition NN cord-259347-3acsko74 60 3 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 60 4 viral viral JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 60 5 RNA RNA NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 60 6 has have VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 60 7 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 60 8 measured measure VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 60 9 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 60 10 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 60 11 blood blood NN cord-259347-3acsko74 60 12 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 60 13 patients patient NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 60 14 infected infect VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 60 15 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 60 16 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 60 17 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 60 18 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 60 19 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 60 20 MERS MERS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 60 21 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 60 22 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 60 23 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 60 24 35 35 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 60 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 60 26 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 60 27 thus thus RB cord-259347-3acsko74 60 28 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 60 29 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 60 30 dissemination dissemination NN cord-259347-3acsko74 60 31 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 60 32 these these DT cord-259347-3acsko74 60 33 two two CD cord-259347-3acsko74 60 34 viruses virus NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 60 35 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 60 36 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 60 37 CNS CNS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 60 38 may may MD cord-259347-3acsko74 60 39 be be VB cord-259347-3acsko74 60 40 mediated mediate VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 60 41 by by IN cord-259347-3acsko74 60 42 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 60 43 hematogenous hematogenous NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 60 44 route route NN cord-259347-3acsko74 60 45 through through IN cord-259347-3acsko74 60 46 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 60 47 damaged damage VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 60 48 blood blood NN cord-259347-3acsko74 60 49 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 60 50 brain brain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 60 51 barrier barrier NN cord-259347-3acsko74 60 52 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 60 53 BBB BBB NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 60 54 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 60 55 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 61 1 Once once IN cord-259347-3acsko74 61 2 crossing cross VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 61 3 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 61 4 BBB BBB NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 61 5 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 61 6 hCoVs hCoVs NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 61 7 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 61 8 infected infect VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 61 9 cells cell NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 61 10 could could MD cord-259347-3acsko74 61 11 potentially potentially RB cord-259347-3acsko74 61 12 invade invade VB cord-259347-3acsko74 61 13 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 61 14 brain brain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 61 15 through through IN cord-259347-3acsko74 61 16 perivascular perivascular JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 61 17 spaces space NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 61 18 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 61 19 also also RB cord-259347-3acsko74 61 20 known know VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 61 21 as as IN cord-259347-3acsko74 61 22 Virchow Virchow NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 61 23 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 61 24 Robin Robin NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 61 25 spaces space NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 61 26 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 62 1 These these DT cord-259347-3acsko74 62 2 fluid fluid NN cord-259347-3acsko74 62 3 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 62 4 filled fill VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 62 5 spaces space NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 62 6 are be VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 62 7 implicated implicate VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 62 8 as as IN cord-259347-3acsko74 62 9 sites site NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 62 10 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 62 11 which which WDT cord-259347-3acsko74 62 12 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 62 13 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 62 14 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 62 15 interact interact VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 62 16 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 62 17 initiate initiate VB cord-259347-3acsko74 62 18 immune immune JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 62 19 response response NN cord-259347-3acsko74 62 20 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 62 21 patients patient NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 62 22 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 62 23 viral viral JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 62 24 encephalitis encephalitis NN cord-259347-3acsko74 62 25 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 62 26 36 36 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 62 27 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 62 28 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 63 1 For for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 63 2 instance instance NN cord-259347-3acsko74 63 3 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 63 4 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 63 5 cryptococcal cryptococcal JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 63 6 organisms organism NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 63 7 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 63 8 AIDS AIDS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 63 9 patients patient NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 63 10 have have VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 63 11 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 63 12 shown show VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 63 13 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 63 14 disseminate disseminate VB cord-259347-3acsko74 63 15 through through IN cord-259347-3acsko74 63 16 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 63 17 Virchow Virchow NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 63 18 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 63 19 Robin Robin NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 63 20 spaces space NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 63 21 before before IN cord-259347-3acsko74 63 22 further further JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 63 23 propagation propagation NN cord-259347-3acsko74 63 24 into into IN cord-259347-3acsko74 63 25 other other JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 63 26 brain brain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 63 27 regions region NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 63 28 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 63 29 37 37 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 63 30 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 63 31 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 64 1 Whether whether IN cord-259347-3acsko74 64 2 hCoVs hCoVs NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 64 3 could could MD cord-259347-3acsko74 64 4 disseminate disseminate VB cord-259347-3acsko74 64 5 via via IN cord-259347-3acsko74 64 6 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 64 7 same same JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 64 8 route route NN cord-259347-3acsko74 64 9 remains remain VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 64 10 unclear unclear JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 64 11 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 65 1 The the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 65 2 intranasal intranasal NN cord-259347-3acsko74 65 3 inoculation inoculation NN cord-259347-3acsko74 65 4 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 65 5 rodents rodent NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 65 6 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 65 7 MHV MHV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 65 8 has have VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 65 9 also also RB cord-259347-3acsko74 65 10 revealed reveal VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 65 11 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 65 12 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 65 13 dissemination dissemination NN cord-259347-3acsko74 65 14 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 65 15 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 65 16 via via IN cord-259347-3acsko74 65 17 cervical cervical JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 65 18 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 65 19 mesenteric mesenteric JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 65 20 lymph lymph NN cord-259347-3acsko74 65 21 nodes node NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 65 22 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 65 23 addition addition NN cord-259347-3acsko74 65 24 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 65 25 viremia viremia NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 65 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 65 27 34 34 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 65 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 65 29 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 66 1 Additional additional JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 66 2 studies study NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 66 3 are be VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 66 4 required require VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 66 5 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 66 6 determine determine VB cord-259347-3acsko74 66 7 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 66 8 role role NN cord-259347-3acsko74 66 9 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 66 10 this this DT cord-259347-3acsko74 66 11 potential potential JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 66 12 dissemination dissemination NN cord-259347-3acsko74 66 13 route route NN cord-259347-3acsko74 66 14 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 67 1 The the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 67 2 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 67 3 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 67 4 hCoVs hCoVs NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 67 5 may may MD cord-259347-3acsko74 67 6 also also RB cord-259347-3acsko74 67 7 result result VB cord-259347-3acsko74 67 8 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 67 9 long long JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 67 10 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 67 11 term term NN cord-259347-3acsko74 67 12 neurological neurological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 67 13 deficits deficit NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 67 14 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 68 1 The the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 68 2 pathologic pathologic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 68 3 examination examination NN cord-259347-3acsko74 68 4 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 68 5 brain brain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 68 6 tissue tissue NN cord-259347-3acsko74 68 7 collected collect VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 68 8 from from IN cord-259347-3acsko74 68 9 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 68 10 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 68 11 patient patient NN cord-259347-3acsko74 68 12 revealed reveal VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 68 13 necrosis necrosis NN cord-259347-3acsko74 68 14 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 68 15 neurons neuron NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 68 16 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 68 17 broad broad JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 68 18 hyperplasia hyperplasia NN cord-259347-3acsko74 68 19 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 68 20 gliocytes gliocyte NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 68 21 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 68 22 indicative indicative JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 68 23 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 68 24 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 68 25 presence presence NN cord-259347-3acsko74 68 26 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 68 27 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 68 28 chronic chronic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 68 29 progressive progressive JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 68 30 encephalitis encephalitis RB cord-259347-3acsko74 68 31 during during IN cord-259347-3acsko74 68 32 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 68 33 course course NN cord-259347-3acsko74 68 34 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 68 35 viral viral JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 68 36 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 68 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 68 38 26 26 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 68 39 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 68 40 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 69 1 In in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 69 2 addition addition NN cord-259347-3acsko74 69 3 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 69 4 scattered scatter VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 69 5 red red JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 69 6 degeneration degeneration NN cord-259347-3acsko74 69 7 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 69 8 neurons neuron NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 69 9 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 69 10 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 69 11 sign sign NN cord-259347-3acsko74 69 12 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 69 13 neuronal neuronal JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 69 14 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-259347-3acsko74 69 15 or or CC cord-259347-3acsko74 69 16 ischaemia ischaemia NN cord-259347-3acsko74 69 17 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 69 18 27 27 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 69 19 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 69 20 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 69 21 as as RB cord-259347-3acsko74 69 22 well well RB cord-259347-3acsko74 69 23 as as IN cord-259347-3acsko74 69 24 oedema oedema NN cord-259347-3acsko74 69 25 around around IN cord-259347-3acsko74 69 26 small small JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 69 27 veins vein NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 69 28 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 69 29 demyelination demyelination NN cord-259347-3acsko74 69 30 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 69 31 nerve nerve NN cord-259347-3acsko74 69 32 fibres fibre NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 69 33 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 69 34 38 38 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 69 35 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 69 36 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 69 37 have have VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 69 38 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 69 39 detected detect VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 69 40 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 69 41 brains brain NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 69 42 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 69 43 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 69 44 patients patient NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 69 45 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 69 46 which which WDT cord-259347-3acsko74 69 47 may may MD cord-259347-3acsko74 69 48 provide provide VB cord-259347-3acsko74 69 49 an an DT cord-259347-3acsko74 69 50 explanation explanation NN cord-259347-3acsko74 69 51 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 69 52 an an DT cord-259347-3acsko74 69 53 incidence incidence NN cord-259347-3acsko74 69 54 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 69 55 long long JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 69 56 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 69 57 term term NN cord-259347-3acsko74 69 58 neurological neurological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 69 59 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 69 60 39 39 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 69 61 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 70 1 and/or and/or CC cord-259347-3acsko74 70 2 psychological psychological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 70 3 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 70 4 40 40 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 70 5 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 70 6 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 70 7 observed observe VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 70 8 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 70 9 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 70 10 survivors survivor NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 70 11 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 71 1 In in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 71 2 surviving survive VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 71 3 mice mouse NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 71 4 post post NN cord-259347-3acsko74 71 5 hCoV hCoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 71 6 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 71 7 OC43 OC43 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 71 8 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 71 9 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 71 10 spongiform spongiform NN cord-259347-3acsko74 71 11 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 71 12 like like JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 71 13 degeneration degeneration NN cord-259347-3acsko74 71 14 was be VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 71 15 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 71 16 residual residual JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 71 17 finding find VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 71 18 post post JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 71 19 acute acute JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 71 20 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 71 21 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 71 22 indicating indicate VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 71 23 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 71 24 possibility possibility NN cord-259347-3acsko74 71 25 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 71 26 neurodegenerative neurodegenerative JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 71 27 neuropathological neuropathological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 71 28 sequelae sequela NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 71 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 71 30 4 4 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 71 31 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 71 32 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 72 1 Further further RB cord-259347-3acsko74 72 2 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 72 3 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 72 4 decline decline NN cord-259347-3acsko74 72 5 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 72 6 locomotor locomotor NN cord-259347-3acsko74 72 7 activity activity NN cord-259347-3acsko74 72 8 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 72 9 an an DT cord-259347-3acsko74 72 10 abnormality abnormality NN cord-259347-3acsko74 72 11 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 72 12 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 72 13 limb limb NN cord-259347-3acsko74 72 14 clasping clasp VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 72 15 reflex reflex NN cord-259347-3acsko74 72 16 were be VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 72 17 observed observe VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 72 18 starting start VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 72 19 several several JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 72 20 months month NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 72 21 after after IN cord-259347-3acsko74 72 22 viral viral JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 72 23 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 72 24 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 72 25 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 72 26 neuronal neuronal JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 72 27 loss loss NN cord-259347-3acsko74 72 28 especially especially RB cord-259347-3acsko74 72 29 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 72 30 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 72 31 hippocampal hippocampal JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 72 32 region region NN cord-259347-3acsko74 72 33 was be VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 72 34 still still RB cord-259347-3acsko74 72 35 detectable detectable JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 72 36 one one CD cord-259347-3acsko74 72 37 year year NN cord-259347-3acsko74 72 38 post post NN cord-259347-3acsko74 72 39 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 72 40 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 72 41 41 41 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 72 42 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 72 43 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 73 1 Although although IN cord-259347-3acsko74 73 2 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 73 3 majority majority NN cord-259347-3acsko74 73 4 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 73 5 infectious infectious JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 73 6 virus virus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 73 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 73 8 80 80 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 73 9 % % NN cord-259347-3acsko74 73 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 73 11 was be VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 73 12 cleared clear VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 73 13 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 73 14 surviving survive VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 73 15 animals animal NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 73 16 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 73 17 viral viral JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 73 18 RNA RNA NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 73 19 could could MD cord-259347-3acsko74 73 20 persist persist VB cord-259347-3acsko74 73 21 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 73 22 months month NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 73 23 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 73 24 41 41 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 73 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 73 26 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 74 1 Even even RB cord-259347-3acsko74 74 2 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 74 3 cells cell NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 74 4 that that WDT cord-259347-3acsko74 74 5 have have VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 74 6 survived survive VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 74 7 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 74 8 initial initial JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 74 9 viral viral JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 74 10 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 74 11 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 74 12 little little JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 74 13 is be VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 74 14 known know VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 74 15 about about IN cord-259347-3acsko74 74 16 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-259347-3acsko74 74 17 long long JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 74 18 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 74 19 term term NN cord-259347-3acsko74 74 20 functional functional JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 74 21 status status NN cord-259347-3acsko74 74 22 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 75 1 To to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 75 2 better well RBR cord-259347-3acsko74 75 3 understand understand VB cord-259347-3acsko74 75 4 this this DT cord-259347-3acsko74 75 5 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 75 6 CoV cov NN cord-259347-3acsko74 75 7 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 75 8 infected infect VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 75 9 models model NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 75 10 that that WDT cord-259347-3acsko74 75 11 allow allow VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 75 12 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 75 13 identification identification NN cord-259347-3acsko74 75 14 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 75 15 isolation isolation NN cord-259347-3acsko74 75 16 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 75 17 survival survival NN cord-259347-3acsko74 75 18 cells cell NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 75 19 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 75 20 such such JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 75 21 as as IN cord-259347-3acsko74 75 22 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 75 23 Cre Cre NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 75 24 reporter reporter NN cord-259347-3acsko74 75 25 mouse mouse NN cord-259347-3acsko74 75 26 model model NN cord-259347-3acsko74 75 27 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 75 28 MHV MHV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 75 29 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 75 30 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 75 31 may may MD cord-259347-3acsko74 75 32 be be VB cord-259347-3acsko74 75 33 helpful helpful JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 75 34 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 75 35 42 42 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 75 36 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 75 37 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 76 1 Recovery recovery NN cord-259347-3acsko74 76 2 from from IN cord-259347-3acsko74 76 3 acute acute JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 76 4 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 76 5 does do VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 76 6 not not RB cord-259347-3acsko74 76 7 necessarily necessarily RB cord-259347-3acsko74 76 8 promise promise VB cord-259347-3acsko74 76 9 complete complete JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 76 10 clearance clearance NN cord-259347-3acsko74 76 11 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 76 12 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 76 13 virus virus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 76 14 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 76 15 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 76 16 if if IN cord-259347-3acsko74 76 17 an an DT cord-259347-3acsko74 76 18 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 76 19 were be VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 76 20 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 76 21 becomes become VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 76 22 chronic chronic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 76 23 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 76 24 it -PRON- PRP cord-259347-3acsko74 76 25 may may MD cord-259347-3acsko74 76 26 result result VB cord-259347-3acsko74 76 27 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 76 28 long long JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 76 29 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 76 30 term term NN cord-259347-3acsko74 76 31 sequelae sequela NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 76 32 including include VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 76 33 chronic chronic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 76 34 neurological neurological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 76 35 diseases disease NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 76 36 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 77 1 However however RB cord-259347-3acsko74 77 2 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 77 3 given give VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 77 4 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 77 5 limited limited JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 77 6 clinical clinical JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 77 7 data datum NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 77 8 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 77 9 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 77 10 long long JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 77 11 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 77 12 term term NN cord-259347-3acsko74 77 13 effects effect NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 77 14 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 77 15 hCoVs hcovs NN cord-259347-3acsko74 77 16 on on IN cord-259347-3acsko74 77 17 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 77 18 CNS CNS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 77 19 post post NN cord-259347-3acsko74 77 20 acute acute JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 77 21 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 77 22 are be VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 77 23 unknown unknown JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 77 24 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 77 25 thus thus RB cord-259347-3acsko74 77 26 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 77 27 more more JJR cord-259347-3acsko74 77 28 studies study NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 77 29 involving involve VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 77 30 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 77 31 long long JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 77 32 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 77 33 term term NN cord-259347-3acsko74 77 34 follow follow NN cord-259347-3acsko74 77 35 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 77 36 up up NN cord-259347-3acsko74 77 37 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 77 38 survivors survivor NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 77 39 are be VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 77 40 needed need VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 77 41 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 78 1 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 78 2 was be VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 78 3 reported report VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 78 4 as as IN cord-259347-3acsko74 78 5 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 78 6 functional functional JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 78 7 cellular cellular JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 78 8 receptor receptor NN cord-259347-3acsko74 78 9 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 78 10 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 78 11 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 78 12 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 78 13 due due IN cord-259347-3acsko74 78 14 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 78 15 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 78 16 ability ability NN cord-259347-3acsko74 78 17 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 78 18 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 78 19 S1 S1 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 78 20 domain domain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 78 21 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 78 22 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 78 23 spike spike NN cord-259347-3acsko74 78 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 78 25 S s NN cord-259347-3acsko74 78 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 78 27 protein protein NN cord-259347-3acsko74 78 28 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 78 29 efficiently efficiently RB cord-259347-3acsko74 78 30 bind bind VB cord-259347-3acsko74 78 31 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 78 32 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 78 33 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 78 34 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 78 35 viral viral JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 78 36 replication replication NN cord-259347-3acsko74 78 37 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 78 38 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 78 39 cytoplasm cytoplasm NN cord-259347-3acsko74 78 40 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 78 41 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 78 42 cells cell NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 78 43 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 78 44 43 43 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 78 45 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 78 46 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 79 1 In in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 79 2 addition addition NN cord-259347-3acsko74 79 3 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 79 4 previous previous JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 79 5 autopsy autopsy JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 79 6 studies study NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 79 7 have have VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 79 8 inferred infer VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 79 9 that that IN cord-259347-3acsko74 79 10 only only RB cord-259347-3acsko74 79 11 ACE2-postive ace2-postive JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 79 12 cells cell NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 79 13 were be VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 79 14 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 79 15 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 79 16 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 79 17 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 79 18 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 79 19 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 79 20 because because IN cord-259347-3acsko74 79 21 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 79 22 S S NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 79 23 protein protein NN cord-259347-3acsko74 79 24 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 79 25 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-259347-3acsko74 79 26 RNA RNA NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 79 27 could could MD cord-259347-3acsko74 79 28 not not RB cord-259347-3acsko74 79 29 be be VB cord-259347-3acsko74 79 30 detected detect VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 79 31 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 79 32 ACE2-negative ace2-negative JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 79 33 cells cell NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 79 34 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 79 35 44 44 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 79 36 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 79 37 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 80 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-259347-3acsko74 80 2 has have VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 80 3 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 80 4 reported report VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 80 5 that that IN cord-259347-3acsko74 80 6 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 80 7 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 80 8 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 80 9 might may MD cord-259347-3acsko74 80 10 also also RB cord-259347-3acsko74 80 11 use use VB cord-259347-3acsko74 80 12 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 80 13 as as IN cord-259347-3acsko74 80 14 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 80 15 cellular cellular JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 80 16 receptor receptor NN cord-259347-3acsko74 80 17 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 80 18 despite despite IN cord-259347-3acsko74 80 19 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 80 20 variation variation NN cord-259347-3acsko74 80 21 at at IN cord-259347-3acsko74 80 22 some some DT cord-259347-3acsko74 80 23 key key JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 80 24 residues residue NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 80 25 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 80 26 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 80 27 receptor receptor NN cord-259347-3acsko74 80 28 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 80 29 binding bind VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 80 30 domain domain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 80 31 compared compare VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 80 32 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 80 33 that that DT cord-259347-3acsko74 80 34 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 80 35 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 80 36 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 80 37 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 80 38 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 80 39 6 6 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 80 40 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 80 41 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 81 1 The the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 81 2 lack lack NN cord-259347-3acsko74 81 3 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 81 4 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 81 5 expression expression NN cord-259347-3acsko74 81 6 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 81 7 neuronal neuronal JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 81 8 cells cell NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 81 9 at at IN cord-259347-3acsko74 81 10 both both DT cord-259347-3acsko74 81 11 transcription transcription NN cord-259347-3acsko74 81 12 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 81 13 protein protein NN cord-259347-3acsko74 81 14 level level NN cord-259347-3acsko74 81 15 contrasts contrast VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 81 16 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 81 17 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 81 18 viral viral JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 81 19 susceptibility susceptibility NN cord-259347-3acsko74 81 20 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 81 21 these these DT cord-259347-3acsko74 81 22 cells cell NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 81 23 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 81 24 cytopathogenicity cytopathogenicity NN cord-259347-3acsko74 81 25 during during IN cord-259347-3acsko74 81 26 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 81 27 acute acute JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 81 28 phase phase NN cord-259347-3acsko74 81 29 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 81 30 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 81 31 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 81 32 neural neural JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 81 33 cell cell NN cord-259347-3acsko74 81 34 lines line NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 81 35 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 81 36 human human NN cord-259347-3acsko74 81 37 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 81 38 rat rat NN cord-259347-3acsko74 81 39 origins origin NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 81 40 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 81 41 17 17 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 81 42 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 81 43 as as RB cord-259347-3acsko74 81 44 well well RB cord-259347-3acsko74 81 45 as as IN cord-259347-3acsko74 81 46 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 81 47 humans human NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 81 48 brains brain NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 81 49 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 81 50 45 45 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 81 51 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 81 52 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 82 1 Even even RB cord-259347-3acsko74 82 2 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 82 3 hACE2 hace2 NN cord-259347-3acsko74 82 4 transgenic transgenic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 82 5 mice mouse NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 82 6 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 82 7 when when WRB cord-259347-3acsko74 82 8 specific specific JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 82 9 brain brain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 82 10 regions region NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 82 11 were be VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 82 12 heavily heavily RB cord-259347-3acsko74 82 13 infected infect VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 82 14 by by IN cord-259347-3acsko74 82 15 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 82 16 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 82 17 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 82 18 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 82 19 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 82 20 expression expression NN cord-259347-3acsko74 82 21 levels level NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 82 22 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 82 23 hACE2 hace2 NN cord-259347-3acsko74 82 24 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 82 25 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 82 26 brain brain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 82 27 were be VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 82 28 no no RB cord-259347-3acsko74 82 29 more more JJR cord-259347-3acsko74 82 30 than than IN cord-259347-3acsko74 82 31 01 01 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 82 32 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 82 33 1 1 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 82 34 % % NN cord-259347-3acsko74 82 35 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 82 36 those those DT cord-259347-3acsko74 82 37 found find VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 82 38 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 82 39 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 82 40 lungs lung NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 82 41 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 82 42 18 18 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 82 43 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 82 44 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 83 1 Furthermore furthermore RB cord-259347-3acsko74 83 2 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 83 3 even even RB cord-259347-3acsko74 83 4 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 83 5 cells cell NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 83 6 highly highly RB cord-259347-3acsko74 83 7 expressing express VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 83 8 hACE2 hace2 NN cord-259347-3acsko74 83 9 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 83 10 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 83 11 transgenic transgenic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 83 12 animal animal NN cord-259347-3acsko74 83 13 model model NN cord-259347-3acsko74 83 14 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 83 15 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 83 16 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 83 17 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 83 18 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 83 19 could could MD cord-259347-3acsko74 83 20 be be VB cord-259347-3acsko74 83 21 absent absent JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 83 22 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 83 23 indicating indicate VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 83 24 that that IN cord-259347-3acsko74 83 25 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 83 26 expression expression NN cord-259347-3acsko74 83 27 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 83 28 hACE2 hace2 NN cord-259347-3acsko74 83 29 alone alone RB cord-259347-3acsko74 83 30 might may MD cord-259347-3acsko74 83 31 not not RB cord-259347-3acsko74 83 32 be be VB cord-259347-3acsko74 83 33 sufficient sufficient JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 83 34 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 83 35 maintaining maintain VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 83 36 viral viral JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 83 37 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 83 38 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 83 39 46 46 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 83 40 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 83 41 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 84 1 These these DT cord-259347-3acsko74 84 2 findings finding NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 84 3 suggest suggest VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 84 4 that that IN cord-259347-3acsko74 84 5 other other JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 84 6 receptor receptor NN cord-259347-3acsko74 84 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 84 8 s s NN cord-259347-3acsko74 84 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 84 10 or or CC cord-259347-3acsko74 84 11 co co JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 84 12 - - JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 84 13 receptor(s receptor(s JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 84 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 84 15 are be VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 84 16 involved involve VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 84 17 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 84 18 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 84 19 viral viral JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 84 20 entry entry NN cord-259347-3acsko74 84 21 into into IN cord-259347-3acsko74 84 22 neural neural JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 84 23 cells cell NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 84 24 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 85 1 DPP-4 DPP-4 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 86 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 86 2 also also RB cord-259347-3acsko74 86 3 known know VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 86 4 as as IN cord-259347-3acsko74 86 5 CD26 CD26 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 86 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 86 7 was be VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 86 8 identified identify VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 86 9 as as IN cord-259347-3acsko74 86 10 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 86 11 cellular cellular JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 86 12 receptor receptor NN cord-259347-3acsko74 86 13 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 86 14 MERS MERS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 86 15 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 86 16 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 86 17 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 86 18 47 47 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 86 19 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 86 20 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 87 1 Two two CD cord-259347-3acsko74 87 2 lines line NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 87 3 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 87 4 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 87 5 DPP-4 DPP-4 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 87 6 transgenic transgenic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 87 7 mice mouse NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 87 8 were be VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 87 9 found find VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 87 10 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 87 11 have have VB cord-259347-3acsko74 87 12 high high JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 87 13 affinity affinity NN cord-259347-3acsko74 87 14 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 87 15 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 87 16 by by IN cord-259347-3acsko74 87 17 MERS MERS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 87 18 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 87 19 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 87 20 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 87 21 24 24 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 87 22 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 87 23 25 25 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 87 24 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 87 25 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 88 1 DPP-4 DPP-4 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 88 2 is be VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 88 3 expressed express VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 88 4 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 88 5 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 88 6 brains brain NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 88 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 88 8 48 48 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 88 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 88 10 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 88 11 therefore therefore RB cord-259347-3acsko74 88 12 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 88 13 when when WRB cord-259347-3acsko74 88 14 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 88 15 virus virus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 88 16 gains gain VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 88 17 access access NN cord-259347-3acsko74 88 18 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 88 19 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 88 20 brain brain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 88 21 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 88 22 cells cell NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 88 23 expressing express VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 88 24 DPP-4 DPP-4 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 88 25 are be VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 88 26 potentially potentially RB cord-259347-3acsko74 88 27 available available JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 88 28 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 88 29 viral viral JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 88 30 replication replication NN cord-259347-3acsko74 88 31 within within IN cord-259347-3acsko74 88 32 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 88 33 CNS CNS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 88 34 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 89 1 Aminopeptidase Aminopeptidase NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 89 2 N N NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 89 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 89 4 APN APN NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 89 5 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 89 6 also also RB cord-259347-3acsko74 89 7 known know VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 89 8 as as IN cord-259347-3acsko74 89 9 CD13 CD13 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 89 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 89 11 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 89 12 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 89 13 cell cell NN cord-259347-3acsko74 89 14 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 89 15 surface surface NN cord-259347-3acsko74 89 16 metalloprotease metalloprotease NN cord-259347-3acsko74 89 17 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 89 18 was be VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 89 19 proposed propose VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 89 20 as as IN cord-259347-3acsko74 89 21 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 89 22 receptor receptor NN cord-259347-3acsko74 89 23 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 89 24 hCoV hcov ADD cord-259347-3acsko74 89 25 229E 229e CD cord-259347-3acsko74 89 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 89 27 49 49 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 89 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 89 29 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 89 30 as as RB cord-259347-3acsko74 89 31 well well RB cord-259347-3acsko74 89 32 as as IN cord-259347-3acsko74 89 33 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 89 34 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 89 35 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 89 36 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 89 37 50 50 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 89 38 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 89 39 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 90 1 Human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 90 2 aminopeptidase aminopeptidase NN cord-259347-3acsko74 90 3 N N NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 90 4 was be VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 90 5 shown show VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 90 6 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 90 7 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 90 8 vitro vitro FW cord-259347-3acsko74 90 9 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 90 10 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 90 11 be be VB cord-259347-3acsko74 90 12 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 90 13 cellular cellular JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 90 14 receptor receptor NN cord-259347-3acsko74 90 15 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 90 16 hCoV hCoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 90 17 229E 229e CD cord-259347-3acsko74 90 18 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 90 19 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 90 20 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 90 21 neuronal neuronal JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 90 22 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 90 23 astrocytic astrocytic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 90 24 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 90 25 oligodendrocytic oligodendrocytic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 90 26 cell cell NN cord-259347-3acsko74 90 27 lines line NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 90 28 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 90 29 51 51 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 90 30 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 90 31 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 91 1 Another another DT cord-259347-3acsko74 91 2 glycoprotein glycoprotein NN cord-259347-3acsko74 91 3 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 91 4 namely namely RB cord-259347-3acsko74 91 5 CD209L CD209L NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 91 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 91 7 also also RB cord-259347-3acsko74 91 8 called call VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 91 9 L L NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 91 10 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 91 11 SIGN SIGN NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 91 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 91 13 has have VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 91 14 also also RB cord-259347-3acsko74 91 15 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 91 16 identified identify VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 91 17 as as IN cord-259347-3acsko74 91 18 an an DT cord-259347-3acsko74 91 19 alternative alternative JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 91 20 cellular cellular JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 91 21 receptor receptor NN cord-259347-3acsko74 91 22 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 91 23 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 91 24 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 91 25 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 91 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 91 27 52 52 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 91 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 91 29 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 92 1 In in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 92 2 addition addition NN cord-259347-3acsko74 92 3 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 92 4 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 92 5 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 92 6 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 92 7 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 92 8 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 92 9 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 92 10 on on IN cord-259347-3acsko74 92 11 ACE2-expressing ace2-expresse VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 92 12 cells cell NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 92 13 seemed seem VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 92 14 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 92 15 be be VB cord-259347-3acsko74 92 16 dependent dependent JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 92 17 on on IN cord-259347-3acsko74 92 18 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 92 19 proteolytic proteolytic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 92 20 enzyme enzyme NN cord-259347-3acsko74 92 21 Cathepsin Cathepsin NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 92 22 L L NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 92 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 92 24 CTSL1 CTSL1 MD cord-259347-3acsko74 92 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 92 26 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 92 27 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 92 28 pH pH NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 92 29 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 92 30 manner manner NN cord-259347-3acsko74 92 31 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 92 32 53 53 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 92 33 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 92 34 54 54 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 92 35 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 92 36 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 93 1 The the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 93 2 expression expression NN cord-259347-3acsko74 93 3 levels level NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 93 4 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 93 5 these these DT cord-259347-3acsko74 93 6 receptors receptor NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 93 7 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 93 8 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 93 9 brain brain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 93 10 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 93 11 however however RB cord-259347-3acsko74 93 12 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 93 13 require require VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 93 14 further further JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 93 15 elucidation elucidation NN cord-259347-3acsko74 93 16 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 93 17 determine determine VB cord-259347-3acsko74 93 18 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 93 19 extent extent NN cord-259347-3acsko74 93 20 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 93 21 which which WDT cord-259347-3acsko74 93 22 they -PRON- PRP cord-259347-3acsko74 93 23 may may MD cord-259347-3acsko74 93 24 be be VB cord-259347-3acsko74 93 25 responsible responsible JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 93 26 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 93 27 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 93 28 hCoVs hCoVs NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 93 29 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 93 30 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 93 31 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 93 32 CNS CNS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 93 33 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 94 1 In in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 94 2 addition addition NN cord-259347-3acsko74 94 3 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 94 4 known known JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 94 5 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 94 6 putative putative JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 94 7 receptors receptor NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 94 8 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 94 9 antibody antibody NN cord-259347-3acsko74 94 10 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 94 11 dependent dependent JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 94 12 enhancement enhancement NN cord-259347-3acsko74 94 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 94 14 ADE ADE NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 94 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 94 16 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 94 17 viral viral JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 94 18 entry entry NN cord-259347-3acsko74 94 19 using use VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 94 20 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 94 21 fusogenic fusogenic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 94 22 spike spike NN cord-259347-3acsko74 94 23 protein protein NN cord-259347-3acsko74 94 24 has have VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 94 25 also also RB cord-259347-3acsko74 94 26 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 94 27 reported report VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 94 28 as as IN cord-259347-3acsko74 94 29 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 94 30 pathway pathway NN cord-259347-3acsko74 94 31 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 94 32 transfer transfer VB cord-259347-3acsko74 94 33 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 94 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 94 35 MHV4 MHV4 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 94 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 94 37 from from IN cord-259347-3acsko74 94 38 infected infected JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 94 39 cells cell NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 94 40 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 94 41 non non JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 94 42 - - JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 94 43 infected infected JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 94 44 cells cell NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 94 45 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 94 46 55 55 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 94 47 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 94 48 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 95 1 In in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 95 2 vitro vitro FW cord-259347-3acsko74 95 3 studies study NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 95 4 have have VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 95 5 shown show VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 95 6 that that IN cord-259347-3acsko74 95 7 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 95 8 entry entry NN cord-259347-3acsko74 95 9 could could MD cord-259347-3acsko74 95 10 be be VB cord-259347-3acsko74 95 11 mediated mediate VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 95 12 by by IN cord-259347-3acsko74 95 13 special special JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 95 14 antibodies antibody NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 95 15 that that WDT cord-259347-3acsko74 95 16 bind bind VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 95 17 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 95 18 virus virus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 95 19 surface surface NN cord-259347-3acsko74 95 20 spike spike NN cord-259347-3acsko74 95 21 protein protein NN cord-259347-3acsko74 95 22 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 95 23 facilitate facilitate VB cord-259347-3acsko74 95 24 subsequence subsequence NN cord-259347-3acsko74 95 25 viral viral JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 95 26 entry entry NN cord-259347-3acsko74 95 27 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 95 28 MERS MERS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 95 29 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 95 30 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 95 31 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 95 32 56 56 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 95 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 95 34 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 95 35 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 95 36 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 95 37 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 95 38 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 95 39 57 57 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 95 40 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 95 41 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 95 42 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 95 43 receptor receptor NN cord-259347-3acsko74 95 44 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 95 45 like like JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 95 46 manner manner NN cord-259347-3acsko74 95 47 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 96 1 The the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 96 2 ADE ADE NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 96 3 pathway pathway NN cord-259347-3acsko74 96 4 is be VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 96 5 particularly particularly RB cord-259347-3acsko74 96 6 important important JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 96 7 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 96 8 vaccine vaccine NN cord-259347-3acsko74 96 9 design design NN cord-259347-3acsko74 96 10 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 96 11 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 96 12 development development NN cord-259347-3acsko74 96 13 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 96 14 antibody antibody NN cord-259347-3acsko74 96 15 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 96 16 based base VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 96 17 drug drug NN cord-259347-3acsko74 96 18 therapies therapy NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 96 19 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 97 1 6 6 LS cord-259347-3acsko74 97 2 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 98 1 Is be VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 98 2 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 98 3 - - : cord-259347-3acsko74 98 4 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 98 5 likely likely JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 98 6 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 98 7 be be VB cord-259347-3acsko74 98 8 present present JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 98 9 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 98 10 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 98 11 central central JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 98 12 nervous nervous JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 98 13 system system NN cord-259347-3acsko74 98 14 ? ? . cord-259347-3acsko74 99 1 At at IN cord-259347-3acsko74 99 2 present present NN cord-259347-3acsko74 99 3 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 99 4 it -PRON- PRP cord-259347-3acsko74 99 5 remains remain VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 99 6 unknown unknown JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 99 7 whether whether IN cord-259347-3acsko74 99 8 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 99 9 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 99 10 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 99 11 is be VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 99 12 present present JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 99 13 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 99 14 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 99 15 CNS CNS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 99 16 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 99 17 possibly possibly RB cord-259347-3acsko74 99 18 due due JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 99 19 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 99 20 limited limited JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 99 21 access access NN cord-259347-3acsko74 99 22 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 99 23 brain brain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 99 24 tissue tissue NN cord-259347-3acsko74 99 25 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 99 26 CSF csf NN cord-259347-3acsko74 99 27 from from IN cord-259347-3acsko74 99 28 patients patient NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 99 29 infected infect VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 99 30 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 99 31 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 99 32 virus virus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 99 33 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 100 1 Autopsies autopsy NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 100 2 are be VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 100 3 being be VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 100 4 increasingly increasingly RB cord-259347-3acsko74 100 5 carried carry VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 100 6 out out RP cord-259347-3acsko74 100 7 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 100 8 however however RB cord-259347-3acsko74 100 9 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 100 10 initial initial JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 100 11 biopsies biopsy NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 100 12 have have VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 100 13 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 100 14 taken take VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 100 15 only only RB cord-259347-3acsko74 100 16 from from IN cord-259347-3acsko74 100 17 lung lung NN cord-259347-3acsko74 100 18 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 100 19 liver liver NN cord-259347-3acsko74 100 20 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 100 21 heart heart NN cord-259347-3acsko74 100 22 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 100 23 histopathology histopathology NN cord-259347-3acsko74 100 24 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 100 25 58 58 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 100 26 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 100 27 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 101 1 Given give VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 101 2 that that IN cord-259347-3acsko74 101 3 several several JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 101 4 strains strain NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 101 5 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 101 6 hCoVs hCoVs NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 101 7 have have VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 101 8 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 101 9 shown show VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 101 10 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 101 11 be be VB cord-259347-3acsko74 101 12 present present JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 101 13 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 101 14 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 101 15 brain brain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 101 16 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 101 17 as as RB cord-259347-3acsko74 101 18 well well RB cord-259347-3acsko74 101 19 as as IN cord-259347-3acsko74 101 20 CSF CSF NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 101 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 101 22 14À16,26À30 14à16,26à30 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 101 23 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 101 24 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 101 25 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 101 26 neuroinvasion neuroinvasion NN cord-259347-3acsko74 101 27 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 101 28 neurovirulence neurovirulence NN cord-259347-3acsko74 101 29 shown show VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 101 30 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 101 31 cell cell NN cord-259347-3acsko74 101 32 culture culture NN cord-259347-3acsko74 101 33 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 101 34 animal animal NN cord-259347-3acsko74 101 35 models model NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 101 36 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 101 37 4,5,11À13,17À25 4,5,11à13,17à25 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 101 38 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 101 39 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 101 40 it -PRON- PRP cord-259347-3acsko74 101 41 is be VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 101 42 reasonable reasonable JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 101 43 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 101 44 consider consider VB cord-259347-3acsko74 101 45 that that IN cord-259347-3acsko74 101 46 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 101 47 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 101 48 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 101 49 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 101 50 may may MD cord-259347-3acsko74 101 51 also also RB cord-259347-3acsko74 101 52 be be VB cord-259347-3acsko74 101 53 present present JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 101 54 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 101 55 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 101 56 CNS CNS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 101 57 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 102 1 This this DT cord-259347-3acsko74 102 2 is be VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 102 3 further further RB cord-259347-3acsko74 102 4 supported support VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 102 5 by by IN cord-259347-3acsko74 102 6 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 102 7 fact fact NN cord-259347-3acsko74 102 8 that that IN cord-259347-3acsko74 102 9 some some DT cord-259347-3acsko74 102 10 COVID-19 covid-19 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 102 11 patients patient NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 102 12 present present JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 102 13 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 102 14 headache headache NN cord-259347-3acsko74 102 15 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 102 16 nausea nausea NN cord-259347-3acsko74 102 17 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 102 18 vomiting vomiting NN cord-259347-3acsko74 102 19 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 102 20 symptoms symptom NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 102 21 that that WDT cord-259347-3acsko74 102 22 potentially potentially RB cord-259347-3acsko74 102 23 indicates indicate VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 102 24 neurological neurological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 102 25 involvement involvement NN cord-259347-3acsko74 102 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 102 27 59 59 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 102 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 102 29 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 103 1 The the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 103 2 frequency frequency NN cord-259347-3acsko74 103 3 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 103 4 neurological neurological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 103 5 manifestations manifestation NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 103 6 including include VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 103 7 changes change NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 103 8 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 103 9 consciousness consciousness NN cord-259347-3acsko74 103 10 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 103 11 acute acute JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 103 12 cerebrovascular cerebrovascular JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 103 13 disease disease NN cord-259347-3acsko74 103 14 increase increase NN cord-259347-3acsko74 103 15 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 103 16 parallel parallel NN cord-259347-3acsko74 103 17 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 103 18 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 103 19 severity severity NN cord-259347-3acsko74 103 20 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 103 21 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 103 22 disease disease NN cord-259347-3acsko74 103 23 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 103 24 60 60 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 103 25 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 103 26 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 104 1 One one CD cord-259347-3acsko74 104 2 study study NN cord-259347-3acsko74 104 3 on on IN cord-259347-3acsko74 104 4 nasal nasal JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 104 5 epithelium epithelium NN cord-259347-3acsko74 104 6 samples sample NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 104 7 taken take VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 104 8 from from IN cord-259347-3acsko74 104 9 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 104 10 subset subset NN cord-259347-3acsko74 104 11 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 104 12 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 104 13 patients patient NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 104 14 exhibiting exhibit VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 104 15 olfactory olfactory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 104 16 dysfunction dysfunction NN cord-259347-3acsko74 104 17 has have VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 104 18 suggested suggest VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 104 19 that that IN cord-259347-3acsko74 104 20 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 104 21 disturbance disturbance NN cord-259347-3acsko74 104 22 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 104 23 smell smell NN cord-259347-3acsko74 104 24 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 104 25 these these DT cord-259347-3acsko74 104 26 patients patient NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 104 27 is be VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 104 28 more more RBR cord-259347-3acsko74 104 29 possibly possibly RB cord-259347-3acsko74 104 30 due due JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 104 31 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 104 32 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 104 33 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 104 34 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 104 35 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 104 36 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 104 37 non non JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 104 38 - - JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 104 39 neuronal neuronal JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 104 40 cells cell NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 104 41 rather rather RB cord-259347-3acsko74 104 42 than than IN cord-259347-3acsko74 104 43 olfactory olfactory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 104 44 neurons neuron NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 104 45 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 104 46 63 63 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 104 47 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 104 48 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 105 1 More more RBR cord-259347-3acsko74 105 2 recently recently RB cord-259347-3acsko74 105 3 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 105 4 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 105 5 report report NN cord-259347-3acsko74 105 6 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 105 7 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 105 8 cohort cohort NN cord-259347-3acsko74 105 9 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 105 10 58 58 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 105 11 COVID-19 covid-19 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 105 12 patients patient NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 105 13 showed show VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 105 14 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 105 15 correlation correlation NN cord-259347-3acsko74 105 16 between between IN cord-259347-3acsko74 105 17 acute acute JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 105 18 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 105 19 distress distress NN cord-259347-3acsko74 105 20 syndrome syndrome NN cord-259347-3acsko74 105 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 105 22 ARDS ARDS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 105 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 105 24 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 105 25 encephalopathy encephalopathy NN cord-259347-3acsko74 105 26 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 105 27 mainly mainly RB cord-259347-3acsko74 105 28 agitation agitation NN cord-259347-3acsko74 105 29 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 105 30 confusion confusion NN cord-259347-3acsko74 105 31 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 105 32 corticospinal corticospinal JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 105 33 tract tract NN cord-259347-3acsko74 105 34 signs sign NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 105 35 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 105 36 61 61 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 105 37 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 105 38 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 106 1 However however RB cord-259347-3acsko74 106 2 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 106 3 these these DT cord-259347-3acsko74 106 4 findings finding NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 106 5 need need VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 106 6 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 106 7 be be VB cord-259347-3acsko74 106 8 confirmed confirm VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 106 9 by by IN cord-259347-3acsko74 106 10 studies study NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 106 11 on on IN cord-259347-3acsko74 106 12 brain brain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 106 13 samples sample NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 106 14 or or CC cord-259347-3acsko74 106 15 CSF CSF NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 106 16 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 107 1 The the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 107 2 most most RBS cord-259347-3acsko74 107 3 efficient efficient JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 107 4 way way NN cord-259347-3acsko74 107 5 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 107 6 identify identify VB cord-259347-3acsko74 107 7 involvement involvement NN cord-259347-3acsko74 107 8 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 107 9 neurological neurological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 107 10 systems system NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 107 11 remains remain VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 107 12 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 107 13 be be VB cord-259347-3acsko74 107 14 determined determine VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 107 15 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 108 1 The the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 108 2 presence presence NN cord-259347-3acsko74 108 3 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 108 4 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 108 5 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 108 6 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 108 7 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 108 8 CSF CSF NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 108 9 was be VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 108 10 confirmed confirm VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 108 11 by by IN cord-259347-3acsko74 108 12 gene gene NN cord-259347-3acsko74 108 13 sequencing sequencing NN cord-259347-3acsko74 108 14 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 108 15 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 108 16 56-year 56-year JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 108 17 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 108 18 old old JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 108 19 patient patient NN cord-259347-3acsko74 108 20 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 108 21 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 108 22 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 108 23 which which WDT cord-259347-3acsko74 108 24 was be VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 108 25 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 108 26 first first JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 108 27 direct direct JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 108 28 evidence evidence NN cord-259347-3acsko74 108 29 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 108 30 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 108 31 neuroinvasion neuroinvasion NN cord-259347-3acsko74 108 32 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 108 33 this this DT cord-259347-3acsko74 108 34 novel novel JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 108 35 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 108 36 [ [ -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 108 37 62 62 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 108 38 ] ] -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 108 39 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 109 1 Brain brain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 109 2 samples sample NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 109 3 remain remain VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 109 4 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 109 5 gold gold NN cord-259347-3acsko74 109 6 standard standard NN cord-259347-3acsko74 109 7 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 109 8 confirmation confirmation NN cord-259347-3acsko74 109 9 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 109 10 however however RB cord-259347-3acsko74 109 11 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 109 12 access access VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 109 13 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 109 14 such such JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 109 15 samples sample NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 109 16 will will MD cord-259347-3acsko74 109 17 almost almost RB cord-259347-3acsko74 109 18 certainly certainly RB cord-259347-3acsko74 109 19 remain remain VB cord-259347-3acsko74 109 20 very very RB cord-259347-3acsko74 109 21 limited limited JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 109 22 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 109 23 it -PRON- PRP cord-259347-3acsko74 109 24 is be VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 109 25 not not RB cord-259347-3acsko74 109 26 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 109 27 practical practical JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 109 28 or or CC cord-259347-3acsko74 109 29 ethical ethical JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 109 30 consideration consideration NN cord-259347-3acsko74 109 31 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 109 32 larger large JJR cord-259347-3acsko74 109 33 cohorts cohort NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 109 34 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 109 35 especially especially RB cord-259347-3acsko74 109 36 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 109 37 mild mild JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 109 38 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 109 39 moderate moderate JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 109 40 cases case NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 109 41 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 110 1 Several several JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 110 2 pathways pathway NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 110 3 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 110 4 invasion invasion NN cord-259347-3acsko74 110 5 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 110 6 hCoVs hCoVs NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 110 7 have have VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 110 8 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 110 9 proposed propose VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 110 10 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 110 11 including include VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 110 12 via via IN cord-259347-3acsko74 110 13 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 110 14 olfactory olfactory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 110 15 nerve nerve NN cord-259347-3acsko74 110 16 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 110 17 neurotransmitter neurotransmitter NN cord-259347-3acsko74 110 18 pathways pathway NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 110 19 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 110 20 hematogenous hematogenous NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 110 21 route route NN cord-259347-3acsko74 110 22 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 110 23 Virchow Virchow NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 110 24 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 110 25 Robin Robin NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 110 26 space space NN cord-259347-3acsko74 110 27 surrounding surround VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 110 28 arterioles arteriole NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 110 29 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 110 30 venules venule NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 110 31 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 110 32 lymphatic lymphatic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 110 33 systems system NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 110 34 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 110 35 receptors receptor NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 110 36 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 110 37 from from IN cord-259347-3acsko74 110 38 which which WDT cord-259347-3acsko74 110 39 alternative alternative JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 110 40 parameters parameter NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 110 41 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 110 42 types type NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 110 43 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 110 44 samples sample NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 110 45 may may MD cord-259347-3acsko74 110 46 offer offer VB cord-259347-3acsko74 110 47 opportunity opportunity NN cord-259347-3acsko74 110 48 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 110 49 proof proof NN cord-259347-3acsko74 110 50 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 110 51 CNS CNS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 110 52 involvement involvement NN cord-259347-3acsko74 110 53 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 111 1 More More JJR cord-259347-3acsko74 111 2 studies study NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 111 3 are be VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 111 4 needed need VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 111 5 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 111 6 evaluate evaluate VB cord-259347-3acsko74 111 7 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 111 8 compare compare VB cord-259347-3acsko74 111 9 these these DT cord-259347-3acsko74 111 10 alternative alternative JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 111 11 pathways pathway NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 111 12 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 111 13 parameters parameter NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 111 14 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 112 1 In in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 112 2 addition addition NN cord-259347-3acsko74 112 3 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 112 4 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 112 5 timing timing NN cord-259347-3acsko74 112 6 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 112 7 sampling sampling NN cord-259347-3acsko74 112 8 needs need NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 112 9 further further JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 112 10 investigation investigation NN cord-259347-3acsko74 112 11 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 112 12 as as IN cord-259347-3acsko74 112 13 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 112 14 change change NN cord-259347-3acsko74 112 15 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 112 16 viral viral JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 112 17 load load NN cord-259347-3acsko74 112 18 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 112 19 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 112 20 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 112 21 body body NN cord-259347-3acsko74 112 22 at at IN cord-259347-3acsko74 112 23 different different JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 112 24 stages stage NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 112 25 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 112 26 COVID-19-related covid-19-related JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 112 27 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 112 28 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 112 29 recovery recovery NN cord-259347-3acsko74 112 30 remains remain VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 112 31 unclear unclear JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 112 32 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 113 1 Though though IN cord-259347-3acsko74 113 2 considered consider VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 113 3 mainly mainly RB cord-259347-3acsko74 113 4 as as IN cord-259347-3acsko74 113 5 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 113 6 viruses virus NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 113 7 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 113 8 several several JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 113 9 strains strain NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 113 10 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 113 11 hCoVs hCoVs NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 113 12 have have VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 113 13 been be VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 113 14 detected detect VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 113 15 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 113 16 brains brain NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 113 17 from from IN cord-259347-3acsko74 113 18 patients patient NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 113 19 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 113 20 encephalitis encephalitis NN cord-259347-3acsko74 113 21 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 113 22 multiple multiple JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 113 23 sclerosis sclerosis NN cord-259347-3acsko74 113 24 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 114 1 In in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 114 2 addition addition NN cord-259347-3acsko74 114 3 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 114 4 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 114 5 detection detection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 114 6 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 114 7 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 114 8 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 114 9 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 114 10 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 114 11 CSF CSF NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 114 12 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 114 13 patients patient NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 114 14 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 114 15 neurological neurological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 114 16 manifestation manifestation NN cord-259347-3acsko74 114 17 has have VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 114 18 also also RB cord-259347-3acsko74 114 19 provided provide VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 114 20 direct direct JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 114 21 evidence evidence NN cord-259347-3acsko74 114 22 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 114 23 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 114 24 neuroinvasion neuroinvasion NN cord-259347-3acsko74 114 25 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 114 26 neurovirulence neurovirulence NN cord-259347-3acsko74 114 27 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 114 28 hCoVs hCoVs NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 114 29 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 115 1 However however RB cord-259347-3acsko74 115 2 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 115 3 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 115 4 role role NN cord-259347-3acsko74 115 5 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 115 6 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 115 7 virus virus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 115 8 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 115 9 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 115 10 process process NN cord-259347-3acsko74 115 11 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 115 12 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 115 13 disease disease NN cord-259347-3acsko74 115 14 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 115 15 acute acute JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 115 16 phase phase NN cord-259347-3acsko74 115 17 as as RB cord-259347-3acsko74 115 18 well well RB cord-259347-3acsko74 115 19 as as IN cord-259347-3acsko74 115 20 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 115 21 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 115 22 long long JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 115 23 term term NN cord-259347-3acsko74 115 24 still still RB cord-259347-3acsko74 115 25 remains remain VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 115 26 elusive elusive JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 115 27 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 116 1 The the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 116 2 current current JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 116 3 strain strain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 117 1 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 117 2 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 117 3 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 117 4 can can MD cord-259347-3acsko74 117 5 also also RB cord-259347-3acsko74 117 6 potentially potentially RB cord-259347-3acsko74 117 7 infect infect VB cord-259347-3acsko74 117 8 neuronal neuronal JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 117 9 cells cell NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 117 10 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 117 11 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 117 12 brain brain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 117 13 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 118 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-259347-3acsko74 118 2 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 118 3 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 118 4 better well JJR cord-259347-3acsko74 118 5 understanding understanding NN cord-259347-3acsko74 118 6 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 118 7 dissemination dissemination NN cord-259347-3acsko74 118 8 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 118 9 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 118 10 neuropathogenesis neuropathogenesis NN cord-259347-3acsko74 118 11 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 118 12 these these DT cord-259347-3acsko74 118 13 hCoVs hCoVs NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 118 14 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 118 15 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 118 16 CNS CNS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 118 17 is be VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 118 18 urgently urgently RB cord-259347-3acsko74 118 19 needed need VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 118 20 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 119 1 Catching catch VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 119 2 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 119 3 viral viral JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 119 4 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 119 5 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 119 6 ensuing ensue VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 119 7 cytokine cytokine NN cord-259347-3acsko74 119 8 release release NN cord-259347-3acsko74 119 9 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 119 10 tissue tissue NN cord-259347-3acsko74 119 11 lesions lesion NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 119 12 may may MD cord-259347-3acsko74 119 13 lead lead VB cord-259347-3acsko74 119 14 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 119 15 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 119 16 variety variety NN cord-259347-3acsko74 119 17 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 119 18 CNS CNS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 119 19 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 119 20 related relate VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 119 21 manifestations manifestation NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 119 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 119 23 delirium delirium NN cord-259347-3acsko74 119 24 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 119 25 headache headache NN cord-259347-3acsko74 119 26 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 119 27 vomiting vomiting NN cord-259347-3acsko74 119 28 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 119 29 etc etc FW cord-259347-3acsko74 119 30 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 119 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 119 32 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 119 33 which which WDT cord-259347-3acsko74 119 34 are be VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 119 35 recognizable recognizable JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 119 36 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 119 37 many many JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 119 38 viruses virus NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 119 39 including include VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 119 40 hCoVs hcovs NN cord-259347-3acsko74 119 41 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 119 42 however however RB cord-259347-3acsko74 119 43 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 119 44 these these DT cord-259347-3acsko74 119 45 non non JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 119 46 - - JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 119 47 specific specific JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 119 48 clinical clinical JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 119 49 symptoms symptom NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 119 50 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 119 51 signs sign NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 119 52 may may MD cord-259347-3acsko74 119 53 be be VB cord-259347-3acsko74 119 54 constitutional constitutional JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 119 55 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 119 56 represent represent VB cord-259347-3acsko74 119 57 systemic systemic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 119 58 involvement involvement NN cord-259347-3acsko74 119 59 rather rather RB cord-259347-3acsko74 119 60 than than IN cord-259347-3acsko74 119 61 direct direct JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 119 62 CNS CNS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 119 63 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 119 64 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 120 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-259347-3acsko74 120 2 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 120 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-259347-3acsko74 120 4 should should MD cord-259347-3acsko74 120 5 be be VB cord-259347-3acsko74 120 6 cautious cautious JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 120 7 when when WRB cord-259347-3acsko74 120 8 reporting report VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 120 9 cases case NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 120 10 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 120 11 neurological neurological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 120 12 symptoms symptom NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 120 13 and/or and/or CC cord-259347-3acsko74 120 14 signs sign NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 120 15 that that WDT cord-259347-3acsko74 120 16 lack lack VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 120 17 solid solid JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 120 18 evidence evidence NN cord-259347-3acsko74 120 19 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 120 20 CNS CNS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 120 21 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 121 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 121 2 e.g. e.g. IN cord-259347-3acsko74 121 3 absence absence NN cord-259347-3acsko74 121 4 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 121 5 viral viral JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 121 6 detection detection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 121 7 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 121 8 CSF csf NN cord-259347-3acsko74 121 9 samples sample NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 121 10 or or CC cord-259347-3acsko74 121 11 abnormalities abnormality NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 121 12 supportive supportive JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 121 13 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 121 14 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 121 15 on on IN cord-259347-3acsko74 121 16 brain brain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 121 17 imaging imaging NN cord-259347-3acsko74 121 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 121 19 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 122 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-259347-3acsko74 122 2 is be VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 122 3 particularly particularly RB cord-259347-3acsko74 122 4 challenging challenging JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 122 5 when when WRB cord-259347-3acsko74 122 6 evaluate evaluate VB cord-259347-3acsko74 122 7 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 122 8 neurological neurological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 122 9 deficits deficit NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 122 10 during during IN cord-259347-3acsko74 122 11 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 122 12 advanced advanced JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 122 13 stage stage NN cord-259347-3acsko74 122 14 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 122 15 COVID-19-related covid-19-related JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 122 16 disease disease NN cord-259347-3acsko74 122 17 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 123 1 The the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 123 2 clinical clinical JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 123 3 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-259347-3acsko74 123 4 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 123 5 treatment treatment NN cord-259347-3acsko74 123 6 strategy strategy NN cord-259347-3acsko74 123 7 has have VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 123 8 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 123 9 be be VB cord-259347-3acsko74 123 10 made make VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 123 11 on on IN cord-259347-3acsko74 123 12 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 123 13 basis basis NN cord-259347-3acsko74 123 14 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 123 15 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 123 16 differential differential JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 123 17 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-259347-3acsko74 123 18 which which WDT cord-259347-3acsko74 123 19 includes include VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 123 20 hypoxia hypoxia NN cord-259347-3acsko74 123 21 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 123 22 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 123 23 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 123 24 metabolic metabolic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 123 25 acidosis acidosis NN cord-259347-3acsko74 123 26 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 123 27 ARDS ARDS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 123 28 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 123 29 related relate VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 123 30 encephalopathy encephalopathy NN cord-259347-3acsko74 123 31 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 123 32 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 123 33 effect effect NN cord-259347-3acsko74 123 34 or or CC cord-259347-3acsko74 123 35 withdrawal withdrawal NN cord-259347-3acsko74 123 36 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 123 37 medications medication NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 123 38 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 123 39 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 123 40 viral viral JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 123 41 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 123 42 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 123 43 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 123 44 CNS CNS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 123 45 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 124 1 PubMed PubMed NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 124 2 search search NN cord-259347-3acsko74 124 3 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 124 4 articles article NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 124 5 : : : cord-259347-3acsko74 124 6 " " `` cord-259347-3acsko74 124 7 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 124 8 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 124 9 " " '' cord-259347-3acsko74 124 10 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 124 11 " " `` cord-259347-3acsko74 124 12 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 124 13 " " '' cord-259347-3acsko74 124 14 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 124 15 " " `` cord-259347-3acsko74 124 16 MERS MERS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 124 17 " " '' cord-259347-3acsko74 124 18 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 124 19 " " `` cord-259347-3acsko74 124 20 OC43 OC43 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 124 21 " " '' cord-259347-3acsko74 124 22 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 124 23 " " `` cord-259347-3acsko74 124 24 229E 229E NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 124 25 " " '' cord-259347-3acsko74 124 26 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 124 27 " " `` cord-259347-3acsko74 124 28 neurological neurological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 124 29 symptom symptom NN cord-259347-3acsko74 124 30 " " '' cord-259347-3acsko74 124 31 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 124 32 " " '' cord-259347-3acsko74 124 33 neurological neurological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 124 34 sign sign NN cord-259347-3acsko74 124 35 " " '' cord-259347-3acsko74 124 36 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 124 37 " " `` cord-259347-3acsko74 124 38 neurological neurological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 124 39 manifestation manifestation NN cord-259347-3acsko74 124 40 " " '' cord-259347-3acsko74 124 41 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 124 42 " " `` cord-259347-3acsko74 124 43 neuroinvasion neuroinvasion NN cord-259347-3acsko74 124 44 " " '' cord-259347-3acsko74 124 45 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 124 46 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 124 47 " " `` cord-259347-3acsko74 124 48 neurovirulence neurovirulence NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 124 49 " " '' cord-259347-3acsko74 124 50 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 125 1 Additional additional JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 125 2 articles article NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 125 3 were be VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 125 4 selected select VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 125 5 based base VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 125 6 on on IN cord-259347-3acsko74 125 7 articles article NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 125 8 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 125 9 these these DT cord-259347-3acsko74 125 10 searches search NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 125 11 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 125 12 as as IN cord-259347-3acsko74 125 13 suggested suggest VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 125 14 by by IN cord-259347-3acsko74 125 15 reviewers reviewer NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 125 16 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 126 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-259347-3acsko74 126 2 declare declare VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 126 3 no no DT cord-259347-3acsko74 126 4 conflicts conflict NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 126 5 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 126 6 interest interest NN cord-259347-3acsko74 126 7 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 127 1 Identification identification NN cord-259347-3acsko74 127 2 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 127 3 an an DT cord-259347-3acsko74 127 4 epitope epitope NN cord-259347-3acsko74 127 5 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 127 6 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 127 7 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 127 8 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 127 9 nucleocapsid nucleocapsid NN cord-259347-3acsko74 127 10 protein protein NN cord-259347-3acsko74 127 11 Engineering Engineering NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 127 12 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 127 13 largest large JJS cord-259347-3acsko74 127 14 RNA RNA NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 127 15 virus virus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 127 16 genome genome NN cord-259347-3acsko74 127 17 as as IN cord-259347-3acsko74 127 18 an an DT cord-259347-3acsko74 127 19 infectious infectious JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 127 20 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 127 21 artificial artificial JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 127 22 chromosome chromosome NN cord-259347-3acsko74 127 23 Neuroinvasion neuroinvasion NN cord-259347-3acsko74 127 24 by by IN cord-259347-3acsko74 127 25 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 127 26 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 127 27 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 128 1 Vacuolating vacuolate VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 128 2 encephalitis encephalitis RB cord-259347-3acsko74 128 3 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 128 4 mice mouse NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 128 5 infected infect VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 128 6 by by IN cord-259347-3acsko74 128 7 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 128 8 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 128 9 OC43 OC43 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 128 10 Human Human NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 128 11 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 128 12 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 128 13 OC43 OC43 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 128 14 : : : cord-259347-3acsko74 129 1 genetic genetic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 129 2 stability stability NN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 3 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 129 4 neuroinvasion neuroinvasion NN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 5 Genomic genomic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 129 6 characterisation characterisation NN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 7 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 129 8 epidemiology epidemiology NN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 9 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 10 2019 2019 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 129 11 novel novel JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 129 12 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 13 : : : cord-259347-3acsko74 129 14 implications implication NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 129 15 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 16 virus virus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 17 origins origin NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 129 18 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 129 19 receptor receptor NN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 20 binding bind VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 129 21 Neurological neurological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 129 22 manifestations manifestation NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 129 23 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 24 COVID-19 covid-19 NN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 25 caused cause VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 26 by by IN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 27 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 129 28 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 129 29 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 129 30 Persistent persistent JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 129 31 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 32 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 33 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 129 34 oligodendrocytic oligodendrocytic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 129 35 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 129 36 neuroglial neuroglial JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 129 37 cell cell NN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 38 lines line NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 129 39 by by IN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 40 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 129 41 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 42 229E 229e CD cord-259347-3acsko74 129 43 Acute acute JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 129 44 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 129 45 persistent persistent JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 129 46 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 47 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 48 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 129 49 neural neural JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 129 50 cell cell NN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 51 lines line NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 129 52 by by IN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 53 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 129 54 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 55 OC43 OC43 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 129 56 Infection Infection NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 129 57 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 58 primary primary JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 129 59 cultures culture NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 129 60 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 61 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 129 62 neural neural JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 129 63 cells cell NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 129 64 by by IN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 65 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 129 66 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 129 67 229E 229e CD cord-259347-3acsko74 129 68 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 129 69 OC43 OC43 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 129 70 Murine Murine NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 129 71 encephalitis encephalitis RB cord-259347-3acsko74 129 72 caused cause VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 73 by by IN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 74 HCoV HCoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 129 75 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 129 76 OC43 OC43 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 129 77 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 129 78 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 129 79 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 129 80 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 81 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 82 broad broad JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 129 83 species specie NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 129 84 specificity specificity NN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 85 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 129 86 is be VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 129 87 partly partly RB cord-259347-3acsko74 129 88 immunemediated immunemediate VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 89 Susceptibility Susceptibility NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 129 90 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 91 murine murine JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 129 92 CNS CNS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 129 93 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 129 94 OC43 OC43 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 129 95 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 1 Axonal Axonal NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 130 2 Transport Transport NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 130 3 Enables enable VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 130 4 Neuron Neuron NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 130 5 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 130 6 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 7 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 130 8 Neuron Neuron NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 130 9 Propagation Propagation NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 130 10 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 11 Human Human NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 130 12 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 130 13 OC43 OC43 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 130 14 Detection Detection NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 130 15 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 16 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 17 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 18 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 130 19 central central JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 130 20 nervous nervous JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 130 21 system system NN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 22 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 23 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 130 24 child child NN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 25 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 26 acute acute JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 130 27 disseminated disseminate VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 28 encephalomyelitis encephalomyelitis NN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 29 Human Human NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 130 30 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 130 31 OC43 OC43 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 130 32 Associated Associated NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 130 33 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 34 Fatal fatal JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 130 35 Encephalitis Encephalitis NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 130 36 A a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 130 37 rare rare JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 130 38 cause cause NN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 39 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 40 acute acute JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 130 41 flaccid flaccid JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 130 42 paralysis paralysis NN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 43 : : : cord-259347-3acsko74 130 44 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 130 45 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 130 46 Susceptibility Susceptibility NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 130 47 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 48 human human NN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 49 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 130 50 rat rat NN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 51 neural neural JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 130 52 cell cell NN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 53 lines line NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 130 54 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 55 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 56 by by IN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 57 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 130 58 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 130 59 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 60 Severe severe JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 130 61 acute acute JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 130 62 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 130 63 syndrome syndrome NN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 64 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 65 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 66 causes cause VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 130 67 neuronal neuronal JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 130 68 death death NN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 69 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 70 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 130 71 absence absence NN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 72 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 73 encephalitis encephalitis NN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 74 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 75 mice mouse NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 130 76 transgenic transgenic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 130 77 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 78 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 130 79 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 130 80 Mechanisms Mechanisms NNPS cord-259347-3acsko74 130 81 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 82 host host NN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 83 defense defense NN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 84 following follow VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 130 85 severe severe JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 130 86 acute acute JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 130 87 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 130 88 syndrome syndrome NN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 89 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 130 90 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 91 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 130 92 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 130 93 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 130 94 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 130 95 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 130 96 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 130 97 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 98 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 130 99 mice mouse NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 131 1 A a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 131 2 mouse mouse NN cord-259347-3acsko74 131 3 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 131 4 adapted adapt VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 131 5 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 131 6 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 131 7 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 131 8 causes cause VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 131 9 disease disease NN cord-259347-3acsko74 131 10 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 131 11 mortality mortality NN cord-259347-3acsko74 131 12 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 131 13 BALB BALB NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 131 14 / / SYM cord-259347-3acsko74 131 15 c c NN cord-259347-3acsko74 131 16 mice mouse NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 132 1 Severe severe JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 2 acute acute JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 3 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 4 syndrome syndrome NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 5 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 6 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 7 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 8 mice mouse NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 132 9 transgenic transgenic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 10 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 11 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 132 12 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 13 Angiotensin Angiotensin NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 132 14 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 132 15 converting convert VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 132 16 enzyme enzyme NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 17 2 2 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 132 18 virus virus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 19 receptor receptor NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 20 Lethal lethal JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 21 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 22 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 23 K18-hACE2 k18-hace2 JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 24 mice mouse NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 132 25 infected infect VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 26 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 27 severe severe JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 28 acute acute JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 29 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 30 syndrome syndrome NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 31 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 32 Differential differential NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 33 virological virological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 34 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 132 35 immunological immunological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 36 outcome outcome NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 37 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 38 severe severe JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 39 acute acute JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 40 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 41 syndrome syndrome NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 42 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 43 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 44 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 45 susceptible susceptible JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 46 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 132 47 resistant resistant JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 48 transgenic transgenic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 49 mice mouse NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 132 50 expressing express VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 132 51 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 52 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 53 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 132 54 converting convert VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 132 55 enzyme enzyme NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 56 2 2 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 132 57 Generation generation NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 58 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 59 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 132 60 transgenic transgenic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 61 mouse mouse NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 62 model model NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 63 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 64 Middle Middle NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 132 65 East East NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 132 66 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 67 syndrome syndrome NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 68 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 69 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 70 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 132 71 disease disease NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 72 middle middle NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 132 73 east east NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 132 74 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 75 syndrome syndrome NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 76 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 77 causes cause VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 78 multiple multiple JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 79 organ organ NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 80 damage damage NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 81 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 132 82 lethal lethal JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 83 disease disease NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 84 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 85 mice mouse NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 132 86 transgenic transgenic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 87 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 88 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 89 Dipeptidyl Dipeptidyl NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 132 90 peptidase peptidase NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 91 4 4 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 132 92 Detection detection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 93 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 94 severe severe JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 95 acute acute JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 96 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 97 syndrome syndrome NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 98 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 99 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 100 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 132 101 brain brain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 102 : : : cord-259347-3acsko74 132 103 potential potential JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 104 role role NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 105 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 106 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 132 107 chemokine chemokine NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 108 mig mig NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 132 109 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 110 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 111 Multiple multiple JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 112 organ organ NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 113 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 114 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 132 115 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 132 116 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 117 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 118 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 132 119 Organ Organ NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 132 120 distribution distribution NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 121 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 122 severe severe JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 123 acute acute JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 124 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 132 125 syndrome syndrome NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 126 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 132 127 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 132 128 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 132 129 associated associate VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 132 130 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 131 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 132 132 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 132 133 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 132 134 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 132 135 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 132 136 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 137 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 132 138 patients patient NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 132 139 : : : cord-259347-3acsko74 132 140 implications implication NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 132 141 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 142 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 143 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 132 144 virus virus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 145 transmission transmission NN cord-259347-3acsko74 132 146 pathways pathway NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 133 1 Possible possible JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 133 2 central central JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 133 3 nervous nervous JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 133 4 system system NN cord-259347-3acsko74 133 5 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 133 6 by by IN cord-259347-3acsko74 133 7 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 133 8 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 133 9 Detection Detection NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 133 10 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 133 11 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 133 12 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 133 13 RNA RNA NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 133 14 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 133 15 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 133 16 cerebrospinal cerebrospinal JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 133 17 fluid fluid NN cord-259347-3acsko74 133 18 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 133 19 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 133 20 patient patient NN cord-259347-3acsko74 133 21 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 133 22 severe severe JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 133 23 acute acute JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 133 24 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 133 25 syndrome syndrome NN cord-259347-3acsko74 133 26 Severe severe JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 133 27 neurologic neurologic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 133 28 syndrome syndrome NN cord-259347-3acsko74 133 29 associated associate VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 133 30 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 133 31 Middle Middle NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 133 32 East East NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 133 33 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 133 34 syndrome syndrome NN cord-259347-3acsko74 133 35 corona corona NN cord-259347-3acsko74 133 36 virus virus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 133 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 133 38 MERS MERS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 133 39 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 133 40 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 133 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 134 1 Neurological Neurological NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 134 2 Complications Complications NNPS cord-259347-3acsko74 134 3 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 134 4 Middle Middle NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 134 5 East East NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 134 6 Respiratory Respiratory NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 134 7 Syndrome Syndrome NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 134 8 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 134 9 : : : cord-259347-3acsko74 134 10 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 134 11 Report Report NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 134 12 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 134 13 Two two CD cord-259347-3acsko74 134 14 Cases Cases NNPS cord-259347-3acsko74 134 15 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 134 16 Review Review NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 134 17 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 134 18 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 134 19 Literature Literature NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 134 20 Effect Effect NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 134 21 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 134 22 olfactory olfactory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 134 23 bulb bulb NN cord-259347-3acsko74 134 24 ablation ablation NN cord-259347-3acsko74 134 25 on on IN cord-259347-3acsko74 134 26 spread spread NN cord-259347-3acsko74 134 27 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 134 28 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 134 29 neurotropic neurotropic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 134 30 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 134 31 into into IN cord-259347-3acsko74 134 32 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 134 33 mouse mouse NN cord-259347-3acsko74 134 34 brain brain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 135 1 Viremic viremic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 135 2 dissemination dissemination NN cord-259347-3acsko74 135 3 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 135 4 mouse mouse NN cord-259347-3acsko74 135 5 hepatitis hepatitis NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 135 6 virus virus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 135 7 - - : cord-259347-3acsko74 135 8 JHM JHM NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 135 9 following follow VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 135 10 intranasal intranasal NN cord-259347-3acsko74 135 11 inoculation inoculation NN cord-259347-3acsko74 135 12 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 135 13 mice mouse NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 135 14 Middle Middle NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 135 15 East East NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 135 16 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 135 17 syndrome syndrome NN cord-259347-3acsko74 135 18 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 135 19 : : : cord-259347-3acsko74 135 20 another another DT cord-259347-3acsko74 135 21 zoonotic zoonotic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 135 22 betacoronavirus betacoronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 135 23 causing cause VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 135 24 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 135 25 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 135 26 like like JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 135 27 disease disease NN cord-259347-3acsko74 135 28 Immunological immunological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 135 29 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 135 30 neuropathological neuropathological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 135 31 significance significance NN cord-259347-3acsko74 135 32 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 135 33 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 135 34 Virchow Virchow NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 135 35 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 135 36 Robin Robin NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 135 37 space space NN cord-259347-3acsko74 135 38 Dilated dilate VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 135 39 Virchow Virchow NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 135 40 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 135 41 Robin Robin NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 135 42 spaces space NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 135 43 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 135 44 cryptococcal cryptococcal JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 135 45 meningitis meningitis NN cord-259347-3acsko74 135 46 associated associate VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 135 47 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 135 48 AIDS AIDS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 135 49 : : : cord-259347-3acsko74 136 1 CT CT NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 136 2 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 136 3 MR MR NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 136 4 findings finding NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 137 1 The the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 137 2 clinical clinical JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 137 3 pathology pathology NN cord-259347-3acsko74 137 4 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 137 5 severe severe JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 137 6 acute acute JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 137 7 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 137 8 syndrome syndrome NN cord-259347-3acsko74 137 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 137 10 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 137 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 137 12 : : : cord-259347-3acsko74 138 1 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 138 2 report report NN cord-259347-3acsko74 138 3 from from IN cord-259347-3acsko74 138 4 China China NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 138 5 Persistence Persistence NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 138 6 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 138 7 physical physical JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 138 8 symptoms symptom NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 138 9 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 138 10 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 138 11 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 138 12 laboratory laboratory NN cord-259347-3acsko74 138 13 findings finding NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 138 14 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 138 15 survivors survivor NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 138 16 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 138 17 severe severe JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 138 18 acute acute JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 138 19 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 138 20 syndrome syndrome NN cord-259347-3acsko74 139 1 Posttraumatic posttraumatic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 139 2 stress stress NN cord-259347-3acsko74 139 3 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 139 4 anxiety anxiety NN cord-259347-3acsko74 139 5 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 139 6 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 139 7 depression depression NN cord-259347-3acsko74 139 8 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 139 9 survivors survivor NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 139 10 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 139 11 severe severe JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 139 12 acute acute JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 139 13 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 139 14 syndrome syndrome NN cord-259347-3acsko74 139 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 139 16 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 139 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 140 1 Human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 140 2 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 140 3 OC43 OC43 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 140 4 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 140 5 induces induce VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 140 6 chronic chronic JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 140 7 encephalitis encephalitis RB cord-259347-3acsko74 140 8 leading lead VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 140 9 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 140 10 disabilities disability NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 140 11 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 140 12 BALB BALB NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 140 13 / / SYM cord-259347-3acsko74 140 14 C C NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 140 15 mice mouse NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 141 1 Murine Murine NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 141 2 Olfactory Olfactory NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 141 3 Bulb Bulb NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 141 4 Interneurons Interneurons NNPS cord-259347-3acsko74 141 5 Survive survive VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 141 6 Infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 141 7 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 141 8 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 141 9 Neurotropic Neurotropic NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 141 10 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 141 11 Angiotensin Angiotensin NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 141 12 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 141 13 converting convert VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 141 14 enzyme enzyme NN cord-259347-3acsko74 141 15 2 2 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 141 16 is be VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 141 17 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 141 18 functional functional JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 141 19 receptor receptor NN cord-259347-3acsko74 141 20 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 141 21 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 141 22 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 141 23 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 141 24 Expression expression NN cord-259347-3acsko74 141 25 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 141 26 elevated elevated JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 141 27 levels level NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 141 28 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 141 29 pro pro JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 141 30 - - JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 141 31 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 141 32 cytokines cytokine NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 141 33 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 141 34 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 141 35 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 141 36 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 141 37 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 141 38 infected infect VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 141 39 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 142 1 + + CC cord-259347-3acsko74 142 2 cells cell NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 142 3 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 142 4 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 142 5 patients patient NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 142 6 : : : cord-259347-3acsko74 142 7 relation relation NN cord-259347-3acsko74 142 8 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 142 9 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 142 10 acute acute JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 142 11 lung lung NN cord-259347-3acsko74 142 12 injury injury NN cord-259347-3acsko74 142 13 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 142 14 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-259347-3acsko74 142 15 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 142 16 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 142 17 Tissue Tissue NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 142 18 distribution distribution NN cord-259347-3acsko74 142 19 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 142 20 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 142 21 protein protein NN cord-259347-3acsko74 142 22 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 142 23 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 142 24 functional functional JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 142 25 receptor receptor NN cord-259347-3acsko74 142 26 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 142 27 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 142 28 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 142 29 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 143 1 A a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 143 2 first first JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 143 3 step step NN cord-259347-3acsko74 143 4 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 143 5 understanding understand VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 143 6 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 143 7 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-259347-3acsko74 143 8 Tissue tissue NN cord-259347-3acsko74 143 9 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 143 10 cellular cellular JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 143 11 tropism tropism NN cord-259347-3acsko74 143 12 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 143 13 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 143 14 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 143 15 associated associate VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 143 16 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 143 17 severe severe JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 143 18 acute acute JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 143 19 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 143 20 syndrome syndrome NN cord-259347-3acsko74 143 21 : : : cord-259347-3acsko74 143 22 an an DT cord-259347-3acsko74 143 23 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 143 24 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 143 25 situ situ NN cord-259347-3acsko74 143 26 hybridization hybridization NN cord-259347-3acsko74 143 27 study study NN cord-259347-3acsko74 143 28 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 143 29 fatal fatal JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 143 30 cases case NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 144 1 Dipeptidyl Dipeptidyl NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 144 2 peptidase peptidase NN cord-259347-3acsko74 144 3 4 4 CD cord-259347-3acsko74 144 4 is be VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 144 5 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 144 6 functional functional JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 144 7 receptor receptor NN cord-259347-3acsko74 144 8 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 144 9 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 144 10 emerging emerge VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 144 11 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 144 12 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 144 13 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 144 14 EMC EMC NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 144 15 Dipeptidyl Dipeptidyl NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 144 16 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 144 17 peptidase peptidase NN cord-259347-3acsko74 144 18 IV IV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 144 19 from from IN cord-259347-3acsko74 144 20 bench bench NN cord-259347-3acsko74 144 21 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 144 22 bedside bedside NN cord-259347-3acsko74 144 23 : : : cord-259347-3acsko74 144 24 an an DT cord-259347-3acsko74 144 25 update update NN cord-259347-3acsko74 144 26 on on IN cord-259347-3acsko74 144 27 structural structural JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 144 28 properties property NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 144 29 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 144 30 functions function NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 144 31 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 144 32 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 144 33 clinical clinical JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 144 34 aspects aspect NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 144 35 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 144 36 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 144 37 enzyme enzyme NN cord-259347-3acsko74 144 38 DPP DPP NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 144 39 IV IV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 144 40 Human Human NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 144 41 aminopeptidase aminopeptidase NN cord-259347-3acsko74 145 1 N N NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 145 2 is be VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 145 3 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 145 4 receptor receptor NN cord-259347-3acsko74 145 5 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 145 6 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 145 7 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 145 8 229E 229e CD cord-259347-3acsko74 145 9 Aminopeptidase Aminopeptidase NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 145 10 N n CD cord-259347-3acsko74 145 11 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 145 12 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 145 13 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 145 14 Involvement Involvement NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 145 15 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 145 16 aminopeptidase aminopeptidase NN cord-259347-3acsko74 145 17 N N NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 145 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 145 19 CD13 CD13 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 145 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 146 1 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 146 2 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 146 3 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 146 4 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 146 5 neural neural JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 146 6 cells cell NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 146 7 by by IN cord-259347-3acsko74 146 8 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 146 9 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 146 10 229E 229e CD cord-259347-3acsko74 146 11 CD209L CD209L NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 146 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 146 13 L l NN cord-259347-3acsko74 146 14 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 146 15 SIGN SIGN NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 146 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 146 17 is be VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 146 18 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 146 19 receptor receptor NN cord-259347-3acsko74 146 20 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 146 21 severe severe JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 146 22 acute acute JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 146 23 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 146 24 syndrome syndrome NN cord-259347-3acsko74 146 25 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 146 26 Inhibitors Inhibitors NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 146 27 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 146 28 cathepsin cathepsin NN cord-259347-3acsko74 147 1 L l NN cord-259347-3acsko74 147 2 prevent prevent VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 147 3 severe severe JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 147 4 acute acute JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 147 5 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 147 6 syndrome syndrome NN cord-259347-3acsko74 147 7 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 147 8 entry entry NN cord-259347-3acsko74 147 9 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 147 10 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 147 11 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 147 12 but but CC cord-259347-3acsko74 147 13 not not RB cord-259347-3acsko74 147 14 human human JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 147 15 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 1 NL63 NL63 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 148 2 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 148 3 utilizes utilize VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 148 4 cathepsin cathepsin NN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 5 L l NN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 6 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 148 7 infect infect VB cord-259347-3acsko74 148 8 ACE2-expressing ace2-expressing NN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 9 cells cell NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 148 10 Dissemination dissemination NN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 11 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 12 MHV4 MHV4 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 148 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 148 14 strain strain NN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 15 JHM JHM NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 148 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-259347-3acsko74 148 17 infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 18 does do VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 148 19 not not RB cord-259347-3acsko74 148 20 require require VB cord-259347-3acsko74 148 21 specific specific JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 148 22 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 23 receptors receptor NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 148 24 Molecular molecular JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 148 25 mechanism mechanism NN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 26 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 27 antibody antibody NN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 28 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 148 29 dependent dependent JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 148 30 enhancement enhancement NN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 31 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 32 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 33 entry entry NN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 34 Antibodies Antibodies NNPS cord-259347-3acsko74 148 35 against against IN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 36 trimeric trimeric NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 148 37 S S NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 148 38 glycoprotein glycoprotein NN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 39 protect protect VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 148 40 hamsters hamster NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 148 41 against against IN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 42 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 148 43 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 148 44 CoV CoV NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 148 45 challenge challenge NN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 46 despite despite IN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 47 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-259347-3acsko74 148 48 capacity capacity NN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 49 to to TO cord-259347-3acsko74 148 50 mediate mediate VB cord-259347-3acsko74 148 51 FcgammaRII FcgammaRII NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 148 52 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 148 53 dependent dependent JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 148 54 entry entry NN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 55 into into IN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 56 B b NN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 57 cells cell NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 148 58 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 59 vitro vitro FW cord-259347-3acsko74 148 60 Pathological pathological JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 148 61 findings finding NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 148 62 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 63 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 148 64 associated associate VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 65 with with IN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 66 acute acute JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 148 67 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 148 68 distress distress NN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 69 syndrome syndrome NN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 70 Development Development NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 148 71 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 148 72 Clinical Clinical NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 148 73 Application Application NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 148 74 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 75 A a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 148 76 Rapid Rapid NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 148 77 IgM IgM NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 148 78 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 148 79 IgG IgG NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 148 80 Combined Combined NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 148 81 Antibody Antibody NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 148 82 Test Test NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 148 83 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 84 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 148 85 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 148 86 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 148 87 Infection infection NN cord-259347-3acsko74 148 88 Diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-259347-3acsko74 149 1 The the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 149 2 neuroinvasive neuroinvasive JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 149 3 potential potential NN cord-259347-3acsko74 149 4 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 149 5 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 149 6 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 149 7 CoV2 CoV2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 149 8 may may MD cord-259347-3acsko74 149 9 play play VB cord-259347-3acsko74 149 10 a a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 149 11 role role NN cord-259347-3acsko74 149 12 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 149 13 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 149 14 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 149 15 failure failure NN cord-259347-3acsko74 149 16 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 149 17 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 149 18 patients patient NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 149 19 Neurologic Neurologic NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 149 20 Features Features NNPS cord-259347-3acsko74 149 21 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 149 22 Severe severe JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 149 23 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 149 24 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 149 25 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 149 26 Infection Infection NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 149 27 Sars Sars NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 149 28 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 149 29 Cov-2 Cov-2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 149 30 : : : cord-259347-3acsko74 149 31 underestimated underestimate VBN cord-259347-3acsko74 149 32 damage damage NN cord-259347-3acsko74 149 33 to to IN cord-259347-3acsko74 149 34 nervous nervous JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 149 35 system system NN cord-259347-3acsko74 149 36 Non non JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 149 37 - - JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 149 38 neuronal neuronal JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 149 39 expression expression NN cord-259347-3acsko74 149 40 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 149 41 SARS SARS NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 149 42 - - HYPH cord-259347-3acsko74 149 43 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 149 44 entry entry NN cord-259347-3acsko74 149 45 genes gene NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 149 46 in in IN cord-259347-3acsko74 149 47 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 149 48 olfactory olfactory JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 149 49 system system NN cord-259347-3acsko74 150 1 suggests suggest VBZ cord-259347-3acsko74 150 2 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-259347-3acsko74 150 3 underlying underlie VBG cord-259347-3acsko74 150 4 COVID-19-associated covid-19-associated JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 150 5 anosmia anosmia NN cord-259347-3acsko74 151 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-259347-3acsko74 151 2 thank thank VBP cord-259347-3acsko74 151 3 A a DT cord-259347-3acsko74 151 4 / / SYM cord-259347-3acsko74 151 5 Prof Prof NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 151 6 Dennis Dennis NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 151 7 Cordato Cordato NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 151 8 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 151 9 Senior Senior NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 151 10 Specialist Specialist NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 151 11 / / SYM cord-259347-3acsko74 151 12 Neurologist Neurologist NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 151 13 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 151 14 Liverpool Liverpool NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 151 15 Hospital Hospital NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 151 16 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 151 17 Sydney Sydney NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 151 18 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 151 19 Australia Australia NNP cord-259347-3acsko74 151 20 , , , cord-259347-3acsko74 151 21 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 151 22 critical critical JJ cord-259347-3acsko74 151 23 review review NN cord-259347-3acsko74 151 24 and and CC cord-259347-3acsko74 151 25 grammar grammar NN cord-259347-3acsko74 151 26 check check NN cord-259347-3acsko74 151 27 of of IN cord-259347-3acsko74 151 28 the the DT cord-259347-3acsko74 151 29 manuscript manuscript NN cord-259347-3acsko74 151 30 . . . cord-259347-3acsko74 152 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-259347-3acsko74 152 2 received receive VBD cord-259347-3acsko74 152 3 no no DT cord-259347-3acsko74 152 4 funding funding NN cord-259347-3acsko74 152 5 for for IN cord-259347-3acsko74 152 6 this this DT cord-259347-3acsko74 152 7 review review NN cord-259347-3acsko74 152 8 . . .