Summary of your 'study carrel' ============================== This is a summary of your Distant Reader 'study carrel'. The Distant Reader harvested & cached your content into a collection/corpus. It then applied sets of natural language processing and text mining against the collection. The results of this process was reduced to a database file -- a 'study carrel'. The study carrel can then be queried, thus bringing light specific characteristics for your collection. These characteristics can help you summarize the collection as well as enumerate things you might want to investigate more closely. This report is a terse narrative report, and when processing is complete you will be linked to a more complete narrative report. Eric Lease Morgan Number of items in the collection; 'How big is my corpus?' ---------------------------------------------------------- 59 Average length of all items measured in words; "More or less, how big is each item?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 55429 Average readability score of all items (0 = difficult; 100 = easy) ------------------------------------------------------------------ 48 Top 50 statistically significant keywords; "What is my collection about?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 56 level 25 patient 23 study 21 result 16 increase 15 method 15 cell 13 group 13 conclusion 12 high 12 University 11 Hospital 10 IL-6 9 TNF 9 PCR 9 ICU 8 effect 8 dna 8 blood 8 ELISA 7 treatment 7 expression 7 LPS 6 protein 6 mouse 6 day 5 year 5 disease 5 control 5 activity 5 Intensive 5 Care 5 ARDS 4 western 4 system 4 receptor 4 objective 4 introduction 4 human 4 RNA 4 Germany 4 ECMO 4 APACHE 3 test 3 sepsis 3 rat 3 pulmonary 3 mortality 3 mean 3 liver Top 50 lemmatized nouns; "What is discussed?" --------------------------------------------- 19856 patient 18302 % 12000 cell 10348 level 9076 study 8481 group 7621 result 5862 effect 5656 protein 5259 method 5246 p 4864 expression 4681 treatment 4428 blood 4294 day 3992 control 3966 time 3856 conclusion 3740 activity 3707 disease 3523 analysis 3468 factor 3265 year 3147 response 3116 gene 3091 datum 3029 mouse 2961 age 2861 system 2834 case 2797 concentration 2713 test 2686 serum 2683 receptor 2533 risk 2520 difference 2491 rate 2487 tissue 2484 change 2455 role 2434 model 2361 value 2337 rat 2328 liver 2326 function 2279 type 2218 child 2163 acid 2150 increase 2108 plasma Top 50 proper nouns; "What are the names of persons or places?" -------------------------------------------------------------- 1742 ICU 1713 mg 1553 C 1449 al 1332 University 1307 ED 1287 . 1174 et 1168 AE 1149 TNF 1141 II 982 kg 920 LPS 896 A 882 IL-6 872 PCR 864 B 795 T 791 L 747 M 740 HBV 680 Hospital 661 MS 639 CI 608 mRNA 597 Group 587 IgE 557 RNA 555 ELISA 546 ± 538 S 525 I 522 HCC 515 CT 498 BMI 488 S. 472 Department 471 D 461 Medical 422 K 418 DNA 410 ARDS 405 E. 399 G 394 HCV 392 M. 382 C. 372 Germany 349 selectin 345 IV Top 50 personal pronouns nouns; "To whom are things referred?" ------------------------------------------------------------- 10237 we 4264 it 1550 they 1188 i 792 them 326 he 286 she 222 us 131 one 117 itself 81 you 64 themselves 23 me 20 him 12 her 8 ashcs 7 ivig 6 himself 5 mg 4 s 4 em 3 il- 3 igg4 3 igfbp2 2 y€ 2 thee 2 t2dm 2 siil-33 2 ours 2 oneself 2 myself 2 mrnas 2 itsn2 2 ifnyr-/-mice 2 aptt 1 yourself 1 ykl-40 1 y401 1 y-27632 1 wi~ 1 wether 1 w@ 1 tv/ 1 trpm4 1 tnf~ 1 tnfsf7 1 tnfrt 1 themself 1 ta 1 t Top 50 lemmatized verbs; "What do things do?" --------------------------------------------- 96731 be 13994 have 8637 use 5543 increase 5490 show 4308 compare 3501 induce 3162 include 3097 associate 3067 find 3054 do 2783 follow 2717 determine 2496 perform 2461 measure 2360 reduce 2342 suggest 2187 investigate 2175 observe 2170 decrease 2131 evaluate 2107 treat 1979 identify 1811 base 1761 develop 1725 study 1708 assess 1598 demonstrate 1583 indicate 1576 obtain 1530 report 1496 receive 1485 relate 1458 lead 1424 express 1420 cause 1403 involve 1393 detect 1377 analyze 1353 provide 1293 result 1265 reveal 1253 improve 1248 occur 1242 require 1232 know 1216 present 1152 affect 1144 bind 1102 consider Top 50 lemmatized adjectives and adverbs; "How are things described?" --------------------------------------------------------------------- 7405 not 6615 high 6117 - 3815 also 3716 low 3592 significant 3573 significantly 3102 more 2791 well 2786 other 2660 different 2618 human 2574 clinical 2562 only 2339 however 2179 specific 2158 non 2147 first 2123 normal 1956 such 1932 as 1919 most 1887 respectively 1762 inflammatory 1754 acute 1749 positive 1681 severe 1636 early 1567 mean 1551 important 1544 total 1501 further 1418 cardiac 1346 renal 1324 chronic 1305 anti 1247 present 1222 new 1192 dependent 1177 negative 1151 similar 1135 common 1096 metabolic 1094 major 1085 respiratory 1084 several 1077 therefore 1074 thus 1056 healthy 1051 less Top 50 lemmatized superlative adjectives; "How are things described to the extreme?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 442 most 362 high 343 least 216 good 183 Most 161 low 63 large 58 strong 55 great 24 common 23 bad 18 late 15 early 14 big 11 small 11 close 10 near 9 long 8 new 6 young 6 old 5 short 5 severe 5 fast 4 Trpv6 3 slight 3 p=0.016 2 simple 2 sick 2 rich 2 quick 2 postt 2 clear 2 Least 2 -ch 1 ≤33.3 1 ≤22.2 1 À0.80 1 ~trointesfimd 1 ~I 1 vs117.8±21.3 1 value(% 1 topmost 1 testret 1 poor 1 palienl 1 outermost 1 omalizumab 1 oflNO 1 noisy Top 50 lemmatized superlative adverbs; "How do things do to the extreme?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------ 1477 most 282 least 43 well 4 highest 4 erv1 2 worst 1 ® 1 simplest 1 lowest 1 fast 1 -tion 1 -cognise Top 50 Internet domains; "What Webbed places are alluded to in this corpus?" ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 9 doi.org 2 www.stats.gov.cn 2 vizhub.healthdata.org 1 www.worldometers.info 1 www.who.int 1 www.statista.com 1 www.scienceathome.org 1 www.qiagen.com 1 www.pharmacases.de 1 www.nhc.gov.cn 1 www.nature.com 1 www.mirbase.org 1 www.mdpi.com 1 www.idtdna.com 1 www.has-sante.fr 1 www.emdmillipore.com 1 sourceforge.net 1 mml.spbstu.ru 1 medical.olympusamerica.com 1 linux.farma.unimi.it 1 lifescience 1 lazar.in-silico.ch 1 i-pie.org 1 edetox.ncl.ac.uk 1 creativecommons.org 1 creat Top 50 URLs; "What is hyperlinked from this corpus?" ---------------------------------------------------- 3 http://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.20.20216457 3 http://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-020-0420-9 2 http://www.stats.gov.cn/tjsj/pcsj/rkpc/6rp/indexch.htm 2 http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare/ 2 http://doi.org/10 1 http://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/ 1 http://www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus#tab= 1 http://www.statista.com/statistics/ 1 http://www.scienceathome.org/ 1 http://www.qiagen.com 1 http://www.pharmacases.de 1 http://www.nhc.gov.cn/ 1 http://www.nature.com/reprintsPublisher's 1 http://www.mirbase.org/ 1 http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/2/384/s1 1 http://www.idtdna.com 1 http://www.has-sante.fr/portail/upload/docs/application/pdf/ 1 http://www.emdmillipore.com 1 http://sourceforge.net/ 1 http://mml.spbstu.ru/seqopt/ 1 http://medical.olympusamerica.com/sites/default/files/ 1 http://linux.farma.unimi.it/ 1 http://lifescience 1 http://lazar.in-silico.ch/ 1 http://i-pie.org/ 1 http://edetox.ncl.ac.uk 1 http://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-76050-0 1 http://creativecommons.org/ 1 http://creat Top 50 email addresses; "Who are you gonna call?" ------------------------------------------------- 1 smdmacedo@yahoo.com.br 1 mone@usp.br 1 maarbos@ir.vhebron.net 1 hiwasaka@med.oita-u.ac.jp 1 h.schellekens@gdl.uu.nl 1 drwpruzanski@bellnet.ca 1 ann.pettersson@hik.se 1 picu@its.mew.edu 1 nicu-net@u.washington.edu Top 50 positive assertions; "What sentences are in the shape of noun-verb-noun?" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 102 levels were significantly 46 levels were higher 38 levels were not 31 patients did not 25 group were significantly 22 levels did not 22 levels were also 20 % were female 20 group was significantly 19 expression was significantly 16 % were male 16 patients were not 16 patients were significantly 15 level was significantly 15 levels were lower 15 patients do not 15 patients had significantly 13 activity was significantly 13 data are available 13 effect was not 12 cells were then 12 expression was not 12 groups did not 12 patients were then 11 cells did not 11 genes were significantly 11 patients was significantly 11 patients were randomly 11 treatment did not 10 groups were comparable 10 groups were similar 10 patients were also 10 patients were male 9 cells were pre 9 group did not 9 group was higher 9 groups were not 9 levels were normal 9 levels were similar 9 patients had higher 8 % were males 8 cells was significantly 8 expression was also 8 groups were significantly 8 level is not 8 levels decreased significantly 8 levels were inversely 8 patients had normal 8 patients were more 8 patients were prospectively Top 50 negative assertions; "What sentences are in the shape of noun-verb-no|not-noun?" --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8 levels were not significantly 4 groups was not statistically 4 levels were not different 3 group was not statistically 3 groups were not significantly 3 level was not different 3 levels were not statistically 2 cases were not significantly 2 cells are not only 2 cells is not well 2 effects were not due 2 expression was not significantly 2 group was not significant 2 groups were not significant 2 groups were not statistically 2 levels do not always 2 patients had no significant 2 patients was not significantly 2 patients were not significantly 2 system is not causally 2 treatment had no effect 2 treatment is not always 1 % did not worse 1 % had no awareness 1 % had no recovery 1 % had no treatment 1 % has no social 1 activities are not well 1 activity is not co 1 activity is not essential 1 activity is not obligatory 1 activity was not different 1 activity was not necessary 1 age were not significant 1 analysis is not test 1 analysis showed no significant 1 analysis showed no structural 1 analysis shows no significant 1 analysis were no hepada 1 blood is not reflective 1 cases had no treatment 1 cases have no hbv 1 cells are not critical 1 cells are not inferior 1 cells are not satisfactory 1 cells are not yet 1 cells did not significantly 1 cells do not phagocytose 1 cells is not comprehensively 1 cells is not primarily A rudimentary bibliography -------------------------- id = cord-270184-bq5p2gs6 author = Alrubaiee, Gamil Ghaleb title = Knowledge, attitudes, anxiety, and preventive behaviours towards COVID-19 among health care providers in Yemen: an online cross-sectional survey date = 2020-10-13 keywords = COVID-19; Yemen; level summary = METHODS: A descriptive, web-based-cross-sectional study was conducted among 1231 Yemeni HCPs. The COVID-19 related questionnaire was designed using Google forms where the responses were coded and analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software package (IBM SPSS), version 22.0. The results further revealed that the majority of respondents had adequate knowledge, optimistic attitude, moderate level of anxiety, and high-performance in preventive behaviours, 69.8, 85.10%, 51.0 and 87.70%, respectively, towards COVID-19. The questionnaire consisted of 58 items that sought to collect information on the respondents'' knowledge, attitude, anxiety, and preventive behaviours toward COVID-19. This fact motivated the need to undertake the current study aiming to explore the level of knowledge, attitude, anxiety, and preventive behaviours among HCPs towards the outbreak of COVID-19 in the country. doi = 10.1186/s12889-020-09644-y id = cord-003520-f3jz59pt author = Arabi, Yaseen M. title = Free Fatty Acids’ Level and Nutrition in Critically Ill Patients and Association with Outcomes: A Prospective Sub-Study of PermiT Trial date = 2019-02-13 keywords = ffa; level; patient summary = title: Free Fatty Acids'' Level and Nutrition in Critically Ill Patients and Association with Outcomes: A Prospective Sub-Study of PermiT Trial Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the clinical and nutritional correlates of high free fatty acids (FFAs) level in critically ill patients and the association with outcomes, and to study the effect of short-term caloric restriction (permissive underfeeding) on FFAs level during critical illness. Conclusion: We conclude that high FFAs level in critically ill patients is associated with features of metabolic syndrome and is not affected by short-term permissive underfeeding. The aims of this study were (1) to evaluate the clinical and nutritional correlates of high FFAs level in critically ill patients and the association with outcomes, and (2) study the effect of short-term caloric restriction (permissive underfeeding) on FFAs level during critical illness. doi = 10.3390/nu11020384 id = cord-266034-811lov8f author = Benameur, Karima title = Encephalopathy and Encephalitis Associated with Cerebrospinal Fluid Cytokine Alterations and Coronavirus Disease, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, 2020 date = 2020-09-17 keywords = CSF; SARS; level summary = doi = 10.3201/eid2609.202122 id = cord-255575-640v00jg author = Binny, R. N. title = Early intervention is the key to success in COVID-19 control date = 2020-10-23 keywords = Alert; Level; Zealand summary = doi = 10.1101/2020.10.20.20216457 id = cord-149748-ucsxbzen author = Borowski, Elisa title = Disparities in ridesourcing demand for mobility resilience: A multilevel analysis of neighborhood effects in Chicago, Illinois date = 2020-10-29 keywords = Chicago; community; disruption; level; transit summary = Applying a natural experiment approach to newly released ridesourcing data, we examine variation in the gap-filling role of on-demand mobility during sudden shocks to a transportation system by analyzing the change in use of ridesourcing during unexpected rail transit service disruptions across the racially and economically diverse city of Chicago. The main contributions of this study are the insights it provides into: (1) whether ridesourcing is used as a gap-filling transportation mode during transit disruptions in Chicago, (2) whether its utilization for this purpose is distributed equitably across the city in terms of racial and economic circumstances, and (3) whether variation in ridesourcing demand during disruptions is attributable to station-level, community-level, or quadrant-level contexts. We use a multilevel regression analysis to identify the station level, community area level, and city quadrant level factors associated with systematic variations in ridesourcing demand during transit disruptions. doi = nan id = cord-336201-fl606l3b author = Daryabor, Gholamreza title = The Effects of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Organ Metabolism and the Immune System date = 2020-07-22 keywords = ROS; T2DM; cell; diabetes; diabetic; increase; level; patient; type summary = Obesity-related immune cell infiltration, inflammation, and increased oxidative stress promote metabolic impairments in the insulin-sensitive tissues and finally, insulin resistance, organ failure, and premature aging occur. T2DM, the most common form of diabetes (∼90%), is characterized by a systemic inflammatory disease accompanied by insulin resistance (IR) or decreased metabolic response to insulin in several tissues, including the adipose tissue, liver, and skeletal muscle, as well as by reduced insulin synthesis by pancreatic beta cells (4, 5) . During the progression of diabetes, hyperglycemia promotes mitochondrial dysfunction and induces the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that cause oxidative stress in several tissues such as blood vessels and pancreatic beta cells (7) (8) (9) . In addition, the attachment of AGEs to their receptors [e.g., CD36, galectin-3, scavenger receptors types I (SR-A1), and II (SR-A2)] on the surfaces of immune cells in the circulation and tissues activates the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increases free radical generation (18) . doi = 10.3389/fimmu.2020.01582 id = cord-285151-zynor0b2 author = Eisenhut, Michael title = Neopterin in Diagnosis and Monitoring of Infectious Diseases date = 2013-12-08 keywords = CSF; HIV; level; neopterin summary = doi = 10.1155/2013/196432 id = cord-349831-0u9y35qo author = Ellis, George F. R. title = The Causal Closure of Physics in Real World Contexts date = 2020-08-18 keywords = Closure; Sect; causal; effective; level; physics; system summary = Secondly, I show that causal closure in the hierarchy of emergence is a strictly interlevel affair, and in the cases of engineering and biology encompasses all levels from the social level to the particle physics level. In particular, the particle physics level is not causally complete by itself in the contexts of solid state physics (because of interlevel wave–particle duality), digital computers (where algorithms determine outcomes), or biology (because of time dependent constraints). Here I want to examine the issue in a different way, by dealing in some detail with the hierarchical nature of emergence in real world contexts: the cases of engineering, based in the underlying solid state physics, and biology, based in the underlying molecular biology, in turn based in the underlying physics. Effective Causal Closure in real world contexts spans many levels, in the case of biology reaching down from the level of the organism to the underlying physics via time dependent constraints. doi = 10.1007/s10701-020-00366-0 id = cord-017309-pt27efu1 author = Gupta, G. S. title = Selectins and Associated Adhesion Proteins in Inflammatory disorders date = 2012-03-20 keywords = TNF; VCAM-1; adhesion; cell; endothelial; expression; level; patient; selectin summary = Activation of endothelial cells (EC) with different stimuli induces the expression of E-and P-selectins, and other adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1), involved in their interaction with circulating cells. Accordingly, population studies have explored the association of ischaemic heart disease with gene polymorphisms of the inflammatory molecules: tumor necrosis factors (TNF) a and b, transforming growth factors (TGF) b1 and 2, P and E selectins, and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM) 1. Endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetic patients is associated with inflammation, increased levels of circulating soluble adhesion molecules (VCAM-1 and E-selectin), and inducing production of ROS, and urinary albumin excretion (Potenza et al. The A 561 C polymorphism of E-selectin gene may be associated with disease progression in patients with chronic HBV infection and control the expression of plasma soluble levels, while the G 98 T polymorphism may be related to fibrotic severity in Chinese population (Wu et al. doi = 10.1007/978-3-7091-1065-2_44 id = cord-267237-wbwlfx7q author = Gómez-Rial, Jose title = Increased Serum Levels of sCD14 and sCD163 Indicate a Preponderant Role for Monocytes in COVID-19 Immunopathology date = 2020-09-23 keywords = icu; level summary = METHODS: Fifty-nine SARS-Cov-2 positive hospitalized patients, classified according to ICU or non-ICU admission requirement, were prospectively recruited and analyzed by ELISA for levels of sCD14 and sCD163, along with other laboratory parameters, and compared to a healthy control group. CONCLUSIONS: Monocyte-macrophage activation markers are increased and correlate with other inflammatory markers in SARS-Cov-2 infection, in association to hospital admission. In this paper, we analyze serum levels of soluble monocyte activation markers in COVID-19 patients and their correlation with severity and other inflammatory markers. We found significant correlations between sCD14 and sCD163 levels and several clinical laboratory parameters in infected patients (in these analysis, adjusted significance under Bonferrori correction is 0.01), but only in the non-ICU group, possibly reflecting an interference of the use of tocilizumab or corticoids in the ICU group. Our results thus suggest that monocyte-macrophage activation can act as driver cells of the cytokine storm and immunopathology associated to severe clinical course of COVID-19 patients. doi = 10.3389/fimmu.2020.560381 id = cord-312580-r57rkrya author = Harcourt-Brown, Frances title = Chapter 6 Clinical pathology date = 2002-12-31 keywords = Brown; Harcourt; blood; calcium; concentration; disease; level; rabbit summary = (1982) analysed the haematolog-• Rabbit blood clots quickly and haemolyses easily • Food deprivation does not guarantee a fasting blood sample as rabbits ingest caecotrophs • Stress associated with transport or handling can affect parameters such as blood glucose and the distribution of neutrophils and lymphocytes • Pregnancy, anaesthesia, blood collection techniques and intravenous fluid therapy will influence some blood results • Time of day can influence blood results as many parameters follow a duirnal rhythm in common with many physiological processes in rabbits • Laboratory reference ranges are often derived from animals of the same breed and strain. In two studies by Krueger (1988, 1989) controlled experimental infections with Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans resulted in fever, increased plasma cortisol concentrations, neutrophilia and lymphopaenia but no significant increase in total white blood cell count. doi = 10.1016/b978-075064002-2.50009-6 id = cord-332432-q7u943k6 author = Hofkirchner, Wolfgang title = A paradigm shift for the Great Bifurcation date = 2020-06-30 keywords = Hofkirchner; information; level; social; system summary = Since global challenges are problems of unprecedented complexity, it is argued that a secular paradigm shift is required away from the overemphasis on allegedly neutral standpoints, on a mechanistic picture of the world and on deductive logics towards accounts of emergence, of systemicity, informationality and conviviality, building upon each other and providing together a transdisciplinary edifice of the sciences, in the end, for, and by the inclusion of, citizens. For such a lesson to learn, a secular shift in thinking and acting throughout sciences and everyday life is required because human actors need to be capacitated to cope with complex challenges such as the global problems. Referring to Michael Tomasello''s Shared Intentionality Hypothesis and his Interdependence Hypothesis (Tomasello et al., 2012; Tomasello, 2014; , there have been two key steps in anthroposociogenesis (the becoming of humans and society) so far and, following the new systemic, informational and convivialist paradigm, a possible third one is imminent. doi = 10.1016/j.biosystems.2020.104193 id = cord-264427-frrq4h39 author = Huang, Ling title = The silver lining of COVID‐19: estimation of short‐term health impacts due to lockdown in the Yangtze River Delta region, China date = 2020-07-07 keywords = Level; PM2.5; YRD summary = According to our calculation, total number of avoided premature death associated PM(2.5) reduction during the lockdown is estimated to be 42.4 thousand over the YRD region, with Shanghai, Wenzhou, Suzhou (Jiangsu province), Nanjing, and Nantong being the top five cities with largest health benefits. Utilizing simulated results based on an integrated meteorology and air quality modeling system, we estimate the number of avoided premature death due to lowered PM2.5 concentrations during COVID-19 lockdown over the YRD region. We calculate the premature mortality due to above-mentioned causes based on the health impact function (Eq. 1) over the YRD region during pre-lockdown, Level I, and Level II period of 2017-2020 (Fig. 4) . In this study, we attempt to quantify the health impacts associated PM2.5 improvement due to reduced human and industrial activities during COVID-19 lockdown in the Yangtze River Delta region, a region with heavy air pollution during the past years. doi = 10.1029/2020gh000272 id = cord-016300-vw11c2wt author = Jain, Kewal K. title = Biomarkers of Pulmonary Diseases date = 2017-09-18 keywords = COPD; biomarker; level; lung; patient summary = doi = 10.1007/978-1-4939-7431-3_16 id = cord-018414-6ffhm895 author = Kang, Yoogoo title = Anesthesia Management of Liver Transplantation date = 2016-07-22 keywords = CVP; IVC; blood; hepatic; level; liver; patient; portal; pulmonary; transplantation summary = Specifically, patients with fulminant hepatic failure develop significant changes in cerebral function, and cerebral perfusion is maintained by monitoring cerebral blood flow and cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen, and intracranial pressure. Small-for-size syndrome develops in a patient who received a donor graft that was less than 1 % of the recipient''s body weight and is caused by decreased hepatic arterial flow in response to increased portal venous flow and pressure. The major criteria for the diagnosis of the hepatorenal syndrome are as follows: (1) advanced hepatic disease and portal hypertension; (2) low glomerular filtration rate (serum creatinine >1.5 mg/dL or creatinine clearance <40 mL/ min); (3) absence of nephrotoxic drug use, shock, systemic infection, or recent fluid losses; (4) lack of sustained improvement after diuretic withdrawal and volume resuscitation with 1.5 L of normal saline; (5) proteinuria (<500 mg/dL); and (6) no ultrasound evidence of urinary obstruction or parenchymal disease. doi = 10.1007/978-3-319-07209-8_9 id = cord-006435-4o8uu6d5 author = Kivity, Shaye title = Evidence for the Use of Intravenous Immunoglobulins—A Review of the Literature date = 2009-07-10 keywords = IVIg; evidence; immunoglobulin; intravenous; level; recommendation; treatment summary = Although convincing evidence is lacking for the use of IVIg in view of the severity and the refractory nature of several cases of Evans'' syndrome, IVIg may be considered among the treatment options generally together with CS with or without immunosuppressive therapy (strength of recommendation IIb). Level of evidence B Evidence comes only from one crossover randomized placebo-controlled trial which supports the use of IVIg in HIV-associated thrombocytopenia, especially when platelet count is very low or the risk of bleeding is high (strength of recommendation IIa). Level of evidence B IVIg is not used for the treatment of CMV infection but may be helpful in treatment of hemophagocytic syndrome related to CMV and other viruses (see hematology section); there is some evidence for its effectiveness in preventing seroconversion in transplant patients who are immunosuppressed (strength of recommendation IIa). doi = 10.1007/s12016-009-8155-9 id = cord-102738-e5zojanb author = Lieberoth, Andreas title = Getting Humans to do Quantum Optimization - User Acquisition, Engagement and Early Results from the Citizen Cyberscience Game Quantum Moves date = 2015-06-26 keywords = Moves; Quantum; figure; game; level; player; user summary = doi = 10.15346/hc.v1i2.11 id = cord-296717-ay4wcmk3 author = Long, Wen title = Can the Chinese volatility index reflect investor sentiment? date = 2020-10-20 keywords = chinese; index; investor; level; sentiment summary = In order to describe investor sentiment comprehensively, we build a three-dimensional investor sentiment measurement system composed of macro, meso and micro level, and decompose iVX into three components to obtain short-term, medium-term fluctuations and long-term trend by EEMD method. They use principal component analysis to extract a sentiment index from six variables of the stock market, including closed-end fund discount, NYSE share turnover, the number and average first-day returns on IPOs, the equity share in new issues, and the dividend premium. The contributions of this paper include the following three aspects: (1) This study seeks to examine systematically on whether iVX has the ability to represent sentiment, and analyze it at the macro, meso and micro levels, while previous studies rarely discuss this issue, especially for the newly released and short-lived Chinese volatility index iVX. (3) By employing dynamic factor analysis on different sentiment indexes with mixed-frequency to extract the common factor, we investigate whether iVX can comprehensively represent investor sentiments at different time scales. doi = 10.1016/j.irfa.2020.101612 id = cord-254646-psolkrom author = Matsui, Mary S. title = Vitamin D Update date = 2020-10-14 keywords = UVA; dna; level; vitamin summary = doi = 10.1007/s13671-020-00315-0 id = cord-312418-e4g5u1nz author = Melillo, Alessandro title = Rabbit Clinical Pathology date = 2007-09-18 keywords = blood; cause; disease; level; rabbit summary = There is little information available that describes the effect of clinical disease on the blood parameters of companion rabbits, or on the use of blood tests as diagnostic and prognostic indicators. An intestinal isoenzyme is quite abundant, so serum ALP concentrations are actually the sum of these 3 isoenzymes, which may explain why many reference ranges are vague and wide and why raised ALP levels in clinically healthy animals are a common finding. Azotemia is also indicative of renal disease, usually affecting the rabbit patient in association with hyperkalemia or hypokalemia, hypercalcemia and coexisting hyperphosphatemia, nonregenerative anemia, and isostenuric urine. Blood urea levels below the reference range indicate hepatic insufficiency or muscle mass loss (e.g., dental disease). Hyperphosphatemia usually indicates chronic kidney failure (a loss of more than 80% of nephrons) given that serum phosphorus levels are normalized by compensatory mechanisms in early-onset renal disease. doi = 10.1053/j.jepm.2007.06.002 id = cord-104157-rivaoo73 author = Noreika, Valdas title = Alertness fluctuations during task performance modulate cortical evoked responses to transcranial magnetic stimulation date = 2019-06-28 keywords = Alertness; EEG; Level; MEP; TEP; TMS summary = We observed rapid, non-linear changes in TMS-evoked neural responses – specifically, motor evoked potentials and TMS-evoked cortical potentials – as EEG activity indicated decreasing levels of alertness, even while participants remained awake and responsive in the behavioural task. Here we combined single-pulse TMS with concurrent EEG recording and a simple behavioural task to quantify changes in motor and cortical reactivity with fluctuating levels of alertness defined objectively on the basis of ongoing brain activity. To assess the instantaneous level of alertness, a two-fold EEG analysis was applied over the time window immediately preceding each TMS pulse: (1) a binary definition of awake and drowsy states following EEG spectral power signatures (θ/α) averaged across all EEG electrodes (Bareham et al., 2014) , and (2) a dynamical definition of alertness levels following a detailed sub-staging system for scoring the transition to N1 sleep (Hori et al., 1994) (Fig. 1C ). doi = 10.1101/155754 id = cord-034746-uxhpufnv author = Nusshag, Christian title = Glomerular filtration barrier dysfunction in a self-limiting, RNA virus-induced glomerulopathy resembles findings in idiopathic nephrotic syndromes date = 2020-11-05 keywords = PCR; level; patient summary = We therefore analyzed standard markers of glomerular proteinuria (e.g. immunoglobulin G [IgG]), urinary nephrin excretion (podocyte injury) and serum levels of the soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), a proposed pathomechanically involved molecule in INS, in PUUV-infected patients. On admission, patients suffering from hantavirus infection showed significantly increased urinary nephrin, IgG, α1-MG and serum suPAR levels compared to healthy controls (Fig. 3A ). Though, urinary biomarker levels decreased in both groups over time, patients with severe PCR showed significantly higher levels of nephrin, IgG, ACR and PCR during the first 48 h after admission ( Table 2 ). Our data show a strong association between urinary nephrin levels and the extent of (non-selective) glomerular proteinuria, suggesting that hantavirus infection causes a pronounced podocyte damage and subsequent impairment of the GFB. To date, one other study showed significantly elevated blood suPAR levels and their association with hantavirus disease severity but did not include nephrinuria and the extent of proteinuria in their analysis 19 . doi = 10.1038/s41598-020-76050-0 id = cord-005633-oyhpwut7 author = Oppert, Michael title = Plasma cortisol levels before and during "low-dose" hydrocortisone therapy and their relationship to hemodynamic improvement in patients with septic shock date = 2000-11-18 keywords = ACTH; cortisol; level summary = Objectives: To compare cortisol levels during "low-dose" hydrocortisone therapy to basal and ACTH-stimulated endogenous levels and to assess whether clinical course and the need for catecholamines depend on cortisol levels and/or pretreatment adrenocortical responsiveness. Abstract Objectives: To compare cortisol levels during ªlow-doseº hydrocortisone therapy to basal and ACTH-stimulated endogenous levels and to assess whether clinical course and the need for catecholamines depend on cortisol levels and/or pretreatment adrenocortical responsiveness. Patients with ªinadequateº steroid production could be weaned from vasopressor therapy significantly faster, although their plasma free cortisol concentrations during the hydrocortisone treatment period did not differ. In contrast, two open studies [18, 19] and two recent randomized controlled trials [20, 21] have shown ªlowdoseº steroid therapy to have beneficial effects on hemodynamics and outcome in patients with septic shock, using no more than 300 mg hydrocortisone daily administered either as bolus injections of 100 mg three times daily or as continuous infusion. doi = 10.1007/s001340000685 id = cord-022070-soqeje4z author = Parry, Christopher M. title = Microbiology date = 2019-05-28 keywords = laboratory; level; service summary = Most of the world''s population lacks access to accurate, affordable, easy-to-use, quality-assured, reliable, and accessible diagnostic tests and misdiagnosis of infectious diseases is common and compromises patient care. • Laboratories in resource-restricted settings struggle with poor facilities, lack of reliable water and electricity, inadequate equipment and consumables, insufficient staff, poor training and low morale, absence of standard operating procedures and quality assurance programs, and inadequate levels of biosafety. • Surveillance by microbiology laboratories provides an understanding of the causes of infection in the local population and the levels of antimicrobial resistance in key pathogens, and informs public health policy on appropriate antimicrobial therapy and preventive strategies. • There is increasing recognition of the need to support the development of a quality-assured laboratory service in resource-restricted settings and develop simple and robust point-of-care diagnostics both for routine clinical care and outbreak response. doi = 10.1016/b978-0-323-55512-8.00021-1 id = cord-121777-3zrnz9nc author = Qian, Xuelin title = M3Lung-Sys: A Deep Learning System for Multi-Class Lung Pneumonia Screening from CT Imaging date = 2020-10-07 keywords = COVID-19; H1N1; level; slice summary = doi = nan id = cord-349581-o320ogmg author = Robertson, Lindsay J. title = The technological ''exposure'' of populations; characterisation and future reduction date = 2020-05-25 keywords = complex; exposure; high; level; population; system summary = The analysis of population exposure of a broad spectrum of needs showed that it was possible to identify some high exposure technological fields, specifically complex components, complex artificial substances, finance, communications, energy and information, These are considered more fully as follows; Although the feasibility of internet communications can be attributed to open source protocols, the practicality of current connectivity has been J o u r n a l P r e -p r o o f largely enabled by the very large data rates possible via fibre-optic cables, yet this capacity has also introduced a high level of exposure for both individuals and populations. Considering the high-exposure technological fields that were identified earlier, generalised approaches to reducing the accrued actual exposure include standardisation of specifications that allow competitive supply of complex components and complex substances, avoiding the large exposure of some contributory systems, retention of genuine alternatives (e.g. cash/gold as well as electronic transactions). doi = 10.1016/j.futures.2020.102584 id = cord-280040-xphxlaat author = Rutala, William A. title = Disinfection and Sterilization in Health Care Facilities An Overview and Current Issues date = 2016-09-30 keywords = FDA; disinfection; level summary = doi = 10.1016/j.idc.2016.04.002 id = cord-264749-m1awr1rm author = Saad, Julian M. title = A philosophy of health: life as reality, health as a universal value date = 2020-03-18 keywords = behavior; ease; function; health; level; system summary = The biological immune system, an individual''s system of health behaviors, and the social system will be observed as systems that generate maintainable-ease of functioning in cells, selves, and societies respectively (Fig. 2 ). To observe health at the level of the cell, the self, and the society simultaneously, we consider systems that support maintainable-ease of biological, behavioral, and social functioning. Through this philosophy, one can go beyond biological systems to observe how precision (in the form of hostdefense functions, decision-making/executive functions, and values) and variation (in the form of microbiota functions, habits/habitual life functions, and population-wide behaviors) integrate to generate to maintainable-ease of functioning in cells, selves, and societies simultaneously (Fig. 3) . Similarly, when behavioral and social exposures are not tailored to the needs of individuals and groups, populations can become resistant to healthy change, and health is no longer valued at the level of the self and the society. doi = 10.1057/s41599-020-0420-9 id = cord-018623-of9vx7og author = Saghazadeh, Amene title = The Physical Burden of Immunoperception date = 2019-04-27 keywords = IL-6; disease; emotional; level; patient summary = Further, human studies provided evidence pointing to the increased development of emotional problems and EDR-related disorders in patients with various types of AIDs, such as SLE and multiple sclerosis (MS), in a disease state/severity-dependent manner [12] [13] [14] [15] [16] [17] . Thus, it is not surprising that the inflammatory response and respective cytokines are supposed as one of the possible mechanisms linking the experience of negative emotions or ER-related disorders and the progression of cardiovascular diseases, of course along with the neuroendocrine system and apoptosis signaling pathways [27, 30, [32] [33] [34] [35] . Mice subjected to short-term (1-3 weeks) HFD also exhibited anxiety-like behaviors in addition to learning and memory impairments and had significantly higher levels of homovanillic acid-a metabolite of dopamine-in their hippocampus and cortex but without any alteration in the gene expression of inflammatory markers [89] . Increased emotional distress in daughters of breast cancer patients is associated with decreased natural cytotoxic activity, elevated levels of stress hormones and decreased secretion of Th1 cytokines doi = 10.1007/978-3-030-10620-1_10 id = cord-344656-xx76w7c0 author = Sarder, MD title = Logistics customer services date = 2020-10-16 keywords = customer; level; order; service summary = doi = 10.1016/b978-0-12-815974-3.00008-3 id = cord-352687-gncmygda author = Science, Michelle title = Low Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Level and Risk of Upper Respiratory Tract Infection in Children and Adolescents date = 2013-05-15 keywords = RTI; level summary = doi = 10.1093/cid/cit289 id = cord-252343-a85wz2hs author = Skoda, Eva-Maria title = Psychological burden of healthcare professionals in Germany during the acute phase of the COVID-19 pandemic: differences and similarities in the international context date = 2020-08-07 keywords = COVID-19; Germany; level summary = In total, 2224 HPs (physicians n = 492, nursing staff n = 1511, paramedics n = 221) and 10 639 non-healthcare professionals (nHPs) were assessed including generalized anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-2), current health status (EQ-5D-3L), COVID-19-related fear, subjective level of information regarding COVID-19. RESULTS: HPs showed less generalized anxiety, depression and COVID-19-related fear and higher health status and subjective level of information regarding COVID-19 than the nHPs. Within the HP groups, nursing staff were the most psychologically burdened. In this study, nHPs reported overall higher levels of psychological burden than the HPs, which is particularly pronounced in generalized anxiety and depression scores. In the investigated sample, nursing staff seems to be the most vulnerable group for mental health burden during the COVID-19 pandemic, whereas a high subjective level of information seems to be associated with less psychological burden. doi = 10.1093/pubmed/fdaa124 id = cord-035308-996ysogr author = Twining, Peter title = Developing a quality curriculum in a technological era date = 2020-11-11 keywords = Education; Netherlands; curriculum; level; school; teacher summary = This provides a stimulus for national curricula to think more broadly about what knowledge, competencies and dispositions school students need to thrive and shape their world (e.g. see Erstad and Voogt 2018) and thus should be included in a quality curriculum; i.e. a ''plan for learning'' which supports young people in acquiring the knowledge, competences and dispositions needed to be successful in the digital era. (2018) explored the issue of alignment, noting that this required alignment of purpose, policy (including curriculum, assessment, accountability and teacher professional learning), and practice at three levels (macro/national, meso/school, and micro/ teacher). Using a socio-cultural framework (Fig. 5) this paper illustrates the complexity of alignment of purpose, policy (including curriculum, assessment, accountability and teacher professional learning) and practice between and within each level (Constitutive Order, School Arena, and Setting). doi = 10.1007/s11423-020-09857-3 id = cord-022353-q2k2krnm author = W. Quimby, Fred title = Clinical Chemistry of the Laboratory Mouse date = 2007-09-02 keywords = C57BL/6; ELISA; HDL; IL-1; IL-6; Quimby; TNF; cell; level; mouse; receptor; serum summary = Assessment of long-term average blood glucose levels in mice is also available by RIAs measuring glycosylated hemoglobin and glycosylated serum proteins (collectively known as fructosamines) (Gould et al. Leptin resistance, a common feature of obesity in mice and humans, has also been shown to result, in part, from the shedding of membrane-bound hepatic leptin receptors into the plasma, where soluble receptors modulate circulating leptin levels and possibly its biologic activity (Cohen et al. d. OTHER ANALYTES ASSOCIATED WITH LIPID METABOLISM AND ATHEROSCLEROSIS IN MICE ELISA kits are commercially available for the quantitation of many mouse coagulation proteins including: fibrinogen, factor VII, d-dimer, tissue factor, and von Willebrand''s factor antigen. The ability of the first component of complement, C1, to bind specific sites on the heavy chain of mouse IgG2b and activate a sequence of reactions leading to production of a molecular unit capable of lysing a target cell membrane has established the complement system as the primary mediator of antibody-antigen reactions. doi = 10.1016/b978-012369454-6/50060-1 id = cord-284694-bk6bnox0 author = Wang, Changsong title = Cytokine Levels in the Body Fluids of a Patient With COVID-19 and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Case Report date = 2020-05-12 keywords = level summary = title: Cytokine Levels in the Body Fluids of a Patient With COVID-19 and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Case Report In addition, the time from symptom onset to confirmation of COVID-19 diagnosis was relatively long, the patient''s hospital course was longer, and we wonder whether this long duration of viral replication contributed to the high cytokine levels we measured. As a result, we wonder whether tocilizumab would have affected the IL-6 levels we observed and whether it might have improved this patient''s disease course, especially because others have reported that as COVID-19 progresses to its middle and late stages, the expression of inflammatory cytokines is related to the severity of the disease (4). On the basis of our experience, we encourage additional research to determine whether inflammatory cytokines in the lungs predict the clinical course of COVID-19 and whether these cytokines should be a target for intervention and treatment. doi = 10.7326/l20-0354 id = cord-011360-1n998win author = Zloto, Keren title = Preoperative miRNA-208a as a Predictor of Postoperative Complications in Children with Congenital Heart Disease Undergoing Heart Surgery date = 2019-11-15 keywords = level; mirna-208a; patient summary = doi = 10.1007/s12265-019-09921-1 id = cord-000083-3p81yr4n author = nan title = Poster Exhibition date = 2009-01-31 keywords = ADV; AFP; Background; CHB; China; DNA; ETV; HBV; HCC; HCV; Hepatitis; Hospital; IFN; LAM; NAFLD; NASH; PCR; RFA; RNA; SVR; University; aim; alt; cell; conclusion; group; level; liver; method; patient; result; study; treatment summary = R. China Background: The objective of this study was to evaluate the early virologic response for prediction of achievement of HBeAg seroconversion and hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA negativity after two years of lamivudine treatment in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Methods: A total of 620 patients who tested positive for hepatitis B surface antigen and were referred to Chiba University Hospital between February 1985 and March 2008 were included in the study, and their following characteristics were analyzed: age, gender, the status of HBeAg, ALT, HBV-DNA level, and PLT. Methods: A total of 60 patients with chronic hepatitis B, 32 (53.3%) were HBeAg positive (group A) while 28(46.7%) were HBeAg negative (group B) were included in this study after meeting the following criteria: age 18 to 60 years, HBsAg positive for more than 6 months, serum HBV-DNA was >5 log(10) copies/mL and ALT more than two times the upper normal limit. doi = 10.1007/s12072-009-9123-4 id = cord-003532-lcgeingz author = nan title = 39th International Symposium on Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine: Brussels, Belgium, 19-22 March 2019 date = 2019-03-19 keywords = AKI; APACHE; ARDS; AUC; Care; Critical; DIC; ECMO; Fig; Hospital; ICU; Intensive; LOS; MAP; conclusion; figure; group; high; introduction; level; method; mortality; patient; result; score; sofa; study; table summary = It''s proposed to evaluate the association between myocardial injury biomarkers, high-sensitive troponin T (hs-cTnT) and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-ProBNP), with inflammatory mediators (IL-6, IL-1Β , IL-8, IL-10, IL-12 / IL-23p40, IL17A, IL-21 and TNF-α ) and biomarkers, C protein reactive (CPR) and procalcitonin (PCT), in septic patients Methods: This was a prospective cohort study performed in three intensive care units, from September 2007 to September 2010 enrolling patients with sepsis (infection associated with organ dysfunction), and septic shock (hypotension refractory by fluids infusion requiring vasopressor). Blood samples were collected up to 48h after the development of first organ dysfunction (D0) and on the 7th day after inclusion in the study (D7) Results: Ninety-five patients were enrolled, with median age 64 years (interquatile?48-78), APACHE II: median 19 (14-22), SOFA: median 8 (5-10); 24.2% were admitted in ICU with sepsis and 75.8% with septic shock. doi = 10.1186/s13054-019-2358-0 id = cord-004879-pgyzluwp author = nan title = Programmed cell death date = 1994 keywords = ATP; Basel; Bern; Drosophila; Institut; Lausanne; NMDA; PCR; PKC; RNA; Switzerland; TNF; University; acid; activity; cell; dna; expression; gene; high; human; increase; level; mouse; protein; receptor; result; sequence; study; type summary = Furthermore kinetic experiments after complementation of HIV=RT p66 with KIV-RT pSl indicated that HIV-RT pSl can restore rate and extent of strand displacement activity by HIV-RT p66 compared to the HIV-RT heterodimer D66/D51, suggesting a function of the 51 kDa polypeptide, The mouse mammary tumor virus proviral DNA contains an open reading frame in the 3'' long terminal repeat which can code for a 36 kDa polypeptide with a putative transmembrane sequence and five N-linked glycosylation sites. To this end we used constructs encoding the c-fos (and c-jun) genes fused to the hormone-binding domain of the human estrogen receptor, designated c-FosER (and c-JunER), We could show that short-term activation (30 mins.) of c-FosER by estradiole (E2) led to the disruption of epithelial cell polarity within 24 hours, as characterized by the expression of apical and basolateral marker proteins. doi = 10.1007/bf02033112 id = cord-004948-ad3i9wgj author = nan title = 7th International Congress on Amino Acids and Proteins : Vienna, Austria, August 6–10, 2001 date = 2001 keywords = Department; GABA; HPLC; Institute; Japan; NMDA; Research; Sciences; Tau; University; acid; activity; amino; cell; dna; effect; increase; level; protein; rat; result; study; taurine summary = Specific CTL were derived by immunization of HHD mice with tumor peptide extracts loaded on antigen presenting cells and with HHD transfected human tumor cell lines CTL induced against peptides from various tumors recognized tumor peptides more effectively than peptides extracted from normal tissues and also reacted with a serie of peptides derived from overexpressed candidate proteins, identified by differential display methods (SAGE, Microarrays) Comparison of CTL derived from HHD mice to CTL induced from patient''s PBMC showed overlapping recognition of many candidate peptides. By comparison of pro-teomic cell maps from normal controls and individuals affected with lysosomal transport disorders we have selected and identified several candidate disease-causing proteins, which have to be further studied by mutation analysis and functional expression. The results of the in vitro studies available to date strongly suggest that its effects on neuronal amino acid transport processes is mediated via some novel extracellular mechanism controlling the H ϩ (and/or other ionic) concentrations of neurones. doi = 10.1007/s007260170030 id = cord-005646-xhx9pzhj author = nan title = 2nd World Congress on Pediatric Intensive Care 1996 Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 23–26 June 1996 Abstracts of Oral Presentations, Posters and Nursing Programme date = 1996 keywords = ARDS; CPB; Care; Children; ECMO; Hospital; ICU; Intensive; PICU; Pediatric; Unit; age; blood; case; child; conclusion; day; failure; group; high; hour; increase; infant; level; mean; method; patient; prism; pulmonary; respiratory; result; severe; study; ventilation; year summary = Aims and methods The aim of both a prospective and retrospective survey conducted in German pediatric intensive care units in 1993 was to accumulate data on the epidemiology, risk factors, natural history and treatment strategies in a large group of pediatric ARDS patients who were treated in the tt~ee year period from 1991 to 1993.All patients had acute bilateral alveolar infiltration of noncardiogenic origin and a pO2~iO2 ratio < 150mmHg. The influence of sex, underlying disease and single organ failure was analyzed using the Fischer''s exact test, the influence of additional organ failure on mortality was tested with the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszet statistics. doi = 10.1007/bf02316512 id = cord-005814-ak5pq312 author = nan title = 8th European Congress of Intensive Care Medicine Athens - Greece, October 18–22, 1995 Abstracts date = 1995 keywords = AMI; APACHE; ARDS; ARF; COPD; CPB; CPR; CVP; Care; ECG; ECMO; Group; H20; Hospital; ICP; ICU; III; IL-6; Intensive; January; LPS; MOF; PSV; SAPS; TNF; Unit; University; acute; blood; cardiac; change; conclusion; control; day; effect; failure; follow; high; hour; increase; level; mean; measure; method; mortality; objective; patient; peep; pressure; pulmonary; respiratory; result; study; treatment; value summary = Results: In 5 patients with treated SS, 16 tests were performed (VL n=8; Dobu n=4; NA n=4 Method: Septic shock was defined as severe sepsis with either persistent hypotension (mean arterial pressure; MAP<70 mmHg) or the requirement for a noradrenaline (NA) infusion ~> 0.1 ~g/kg/min with a MAP _< 90mmHg. Cardiovascular support was limited to NA + dobutamine (DB), 546C88 was administered for up to 8 h at a fixed dose-rate of either i, 2.5, 5, 10 or 20 mg/kg/h iv. Methods: Fourteen cases were s~udied,their gestational age ranged from(27-32)ws.Continnous positive air way pressure was applied to six cases at Peep level from (3-6)cm H2o through nasal pronge,(group I),the other 8 cases were managed as routine,(group II).Blood gases, TcPO2,TcCo2,resp.rate,depth and pattern were monitored for assessment of tissue Oxygenation and ventilation, Results: Our rasults showed that early application of CPAP improve ventilation among (83.3%)of cases,while (16.7%)of cases need IMV.The cases of group II need IMV among (75%)of the studied cases during the second or the third day of life. doi = 10.1007/bf02426401 id = cord-006229-7yoilsho author = nan title = Abstracts of the 82(nd) Annual Meeting of the German Society for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology (DGPT) and the 18(th) Annual Meeting of the Network Clinical Pharmacology Germany (VKliPha) in cooperation with the Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Angewandte Humanpharmakologie e.V. (AGAH) date = 2016-02-06 keywords = 3-mcpd; GRK2; Germany; IL-6; LPS; OCT1; PKA; PLN; STW; THP-1; VPA; activation; assay; cell; concentration; different; dna; drug; effect; expression; fret; high; human; increase; level; method; model; mouse; potential; protein; receptor; result; s1p; study; test; treatment; trpc5; western summary = It directly activates Protein Kinase A (PKA) or the Exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac) which is a guanine exchange factor (GEF) for the small monomeric GTPase Rap. As Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) express both cAMP effectors (Epac1 and PKA), we investigated the role of cAMP-signaling using a spheroid based sprouting assay as an in vitro model for angiogenesis. After activation, S1P receptors regulate important processes in the progression of renal diseases, such as mesangial cell migration Methods and Results: Here we demonstrate that dexamethasone treatment lowered S1P 1 mRNA and protein expression levels in rat mesangial cells measured by TaqMan® and Western blot analyses. The aim of this study was to investigate the relevance of IGFBP5 in cardiogenesis and cardiac remodeling and its role as a potential target for ameliorating stress-induced cardiac remodeling Methods and Results: We investigated the expression of Igfbp5 in murine cardiac tissue at different developmental stages by qPCR normalized to Tpt1 (Tumor Protein, Translationally-Controlled 1). doi = 10.1007/s00210-016-1213-y id = cord-006230-xta38e7j author = nan title = Deutsche Gesellschaft für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie e.V. date = 2012-02-22 keywords = ATP; ERK; Germany; IL-6; Institut; LPS; NDPK; PCR; PKA; Pharmakologie; RKIP; ROS; Rac1; TNF; TRPC6; TRPM3; TTC; Toxikologie; Universität; V79; activity; cell; concentration; dna; effect; expression; gene; human; increase; level; mouse; protein; receptor; result; study; western summary = Here, we will present our analysis of Ca 2+ signaling following stimulation of the FcεRI receptor and application of secretagogues that are supposed to affect Ca 2+ -dependent mast cell activation such as adenosine, endothelin-1, substance P and compound 48/80 in BMMCs and PMCs derived from mouse lines with inactivation of TRPC1, TRPC3, TRPC4, TRPC5 or TRPC6 since specific antagonists are still lacking for these TRP channels. These data indicate that increased PP2A activity is associated with modified gene expression in TG hearts possibly affecting stress response and regulation of cell signalling. As demonstrated by qPCR and Western blot experiments, mesangial cells showed a marked time-and dose-dependent upregulation of CSE mRNA and protein levels after treatment with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF-BB). The transcription factor cAMP response element (CRE)-binding protein (CREB) plays a critical role in regulating gene expression in response to activation of the cAMPdependent signaling pathway, which is implicated in the pathophysiology of heart failure. doi = 10.1007/s00210-012-0736-0 id = cord-006391-esnsa4u5 author = nan title = Abstracts 5(th) Tripartite Meeting Salzburg/Austria, September 9–11,1982 date = 1982 keywords = AMX; ATP; Doppler; Group; animal; blood; cell; control; day; effect; graft; increase; level; liver; method; normal; patient; rat; result; study summary = In our parallel tests using an excision-sample technique [2] which is considerably more sensitive than the DGHM procedure, we have observed the following mean reductions in the counts of accessible bacteria: iodine in ethanol, 96%; povidone-iodine, 89%; chlorhexidine in ethanol, 88%; iso-propanol, The purpose of this study was to compare radiation injury in Guinea Pig small bowel (1) devoid of contents (2) containing bile (3) containing pancreatic juice. Studies in vitro employing isolated perfused rat pancreas and stomach revealed following results: Mean basal pancreatic somatostatin release in normal, diabetic and transplanted rats were 12___3, 24-t-7, and 17__+4 pg/ml, respectively. As these changes appear closely correlated to the blood glucose levels which show a 30 % decrease at 4 h and progressive restoration towards normal values up to 24 h, attempts have been made to alter the insulin/glucagon ratio by glucose infusion after PH and study its relation to liver regeneration. doi = 10.1007/bf01279099 id = cord-006860-a3b8hyyr author = nan title = 40th Annual Meeting of the GTH (Gesellschaft für Thrombose- und Hämostaseforschung) date = 1996 keywords = ADP; APC; APTT; DVT; ELISA; FXII; Germany; HUVEC; INR; LMWH; Leiden; PAI; PCR; STA; TEG; VIII; activity; blood; cell; dna; factor; hat; heparin; high; increase; level; patient; plasma; platelet; protein; result; study; time summary = Dept of Pediatrics, University Hospitals Kiel and Mtinster, Germany Resistance to activated protein C (APCR), in the majority of cases associated with the Arg 506 Gin point mutation in the factor V gene is present in more than 50 % of patients < 60 years of age with unexplained thrombophilia. The regular APC resistance test is not applicable to plasma from Orally anticoagulated (OAC) or heparinized patients due to decreased levels of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors and to thrombin inhibition by antithrombin, respectively. On admission an extensive coagulation screen yielded the following results (n/normal, t/elevated, I/reduced, +/positive, -/negative): PT t, aPTT t, Tr n, factor II, V, VIII n, factor VII, IX, XI, XII /,, fibrinogan t, ATIII n, protein C, S *, activated protein C sensitivity ratio 1.92 ($), FV-Leidenmutation PCR -, fibrinolytic system n, TAT t, Ft÷2 t, lupus anticoagulant +, heparin induced platelet antibodies +; no diagnosis of a specific autoimmuna disorder could be made. doi = 10.1007/bf00641048 id = cord-015021-pol2qm74 author = nan title = Third International Congress on the Immune Consequences of Trauma, Shock and Sepsis —Mechanisms and Therapeutic Approaches date = 1994 keywords = APACHE; ARDS; CD14; CD4; CLP; CRP; CSF; ELISA; ICU; IFN; III; IL-1; IL-2; IL-4; IL-6; IL-8; LEH; LPS; MOF; PAF; PMN; SIRS; TNF; University; animal; blood; cell; control; cytokine; day; effect; endotoxin; factor; follow; group; high; increase; injury; level; method; mouse; patient; production; rat; release; response; result; sepsis; septic; shock; study; trauma summary = It is our current understanding that LPS is responsible for many of the pathophysiological events observed during gramnegative infections and that one of the major mechanisms leading to shock and death is the LPS-induced activation of macrophages resulting in the production and release of lipid and peptide mediators, among which tumor necrosis factor seems to be the most important. However plasma IL-6 estimation revealed a statistically significant reduction at 6 hours in tanrine-treated animals compared to glycino and TW controls ( Objective: To evaluate the effects of allogeneic blood transfusion, thermal injury and bacterial garage on interteukin 4 (IL-4), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) production and host mortality and to study if the administration of thymopentth (THY) could affect these events. doi = 10.1007/bf02258437 id = cord-015024-2xzc0uc5 author = nan title = ESICM 2010 WEDNESDAY SESSIONS 13 October 2010 date = 2010-08-31 keywords = APACHE; ARDS; CVP; Care; ECMO; Hospital; ICU; Intensive; conclusion; day; group; high; increase; introduction; level; method; objectives; patient; result; sepsis; sofa; study summary = We performed a prospective clinical study in a 17-bed multidisciplinary intensive care unit, including 21 patients with controlled mechanical ventilation and monitored with the Vigileo Ò monitor, for whom the decision to give fluids was taken due to the presence of circulatory, including arterial hypotension (MAP B 65 mmHg or systolic arterial pressure \90 mmHg), and preserved preload-responsiveness condition, defined as SVV C10%. The aim of this study was to compare and evaluate four severity scoring systems in intensive care unit (ICU), including APACHE II, APACHE III, SASP II and MODS in severe septic patient. A prospective observational study was performed in 16 mechanically ventilated critically ill patients (12 M, age 49 ± 17 yr, BMI 25 ± 5 kg/m 2 , ICU admission day 5 ± 3, APACHE II on study 20 ± 7; mean ± SD) and 6 healthy subjects (3 M, age 24 ± 9 year, BMI 24 ± 45 kg/m 2 ). doi = 10.1007/s00134-010-2001-7 id = cord-015082-l629n8is author = nan title = Poster Sessions 323-461 date = 2002-08-29 keywords = ICU; IL-10; LPS; conclusion; group; increase; level; method; mortality; patient; result; sepsis; study summary = 14 patients awaiting urgent cardiac surgical re-vascularisation were studied with measurement of: spirometry; percentage increase in transfer factor from sitting to lying position (TF) as an indicator of micro-vascular lung disease; overnight oximetry on air; and 24hour holter monitoring Patients, who were reintubated on decreased indices of arterial oxygenation under MOSF progressing died in 100% cases ( NIMV is effective method in complex therapy of ARF, developing in postoperative period after cardiac surgery, that leads to significant improvement of lungs biomechanics and gases change function. In a prospective observational study we performed bedside ptO2 measurements in 8 patients with sepsis/septic shock to gain insight in ptO2 values and their dynamic changes related to the course of the illness, as well as investigating the practical applicability of tissue oxygen measurement in the ICU setting. doi = 10.1007/s00134-002-1455-7 id = cord-015090-n6f4xupw author = nan title = PS 339-563 date = 2005-09-10 keywords = Care; Hospital; ICP; ICU; Intensive; PCT; University; conclusion; day; level; method; patient; study summary = We designed this study to examine the effects of fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) with and without BAL on body temperature, systemic arterial pressure, heart rate and supportive therapies requirements in mechanically ventilated patients. Clinical characteristics (Glasgow scale, heart rate, systolic blood pressure), cardiac enzymes (troponin I, total serum creatine kinase and myocardial isoenzyme, myoglobin), ECG changes (ST-T changes, prolonged QT and corrected QT intervals), echocardiographic assessment of cardiac function (left ventricular ejection fraction, hypokinesia) were studied on the day of the admission. It is a prospective study performed during 12 months of the patients with brain trauma admitted in a 24-beds medical-surgical ICU of a 650-beds university hospital. This prospective observational study included 200 adult patients admitted to a 31-bed university hospital medical-surgical ICU during a 3-month period. doi = 10.1007/s00134-005-2780-4 id = cord-015147-h0o0yqv8 author = nan title = Oral Communications and Posters date = 2014-09-12 keywords = CIA; COX-2; Department; ELISA; IFN; IL-6; Institute; LPS; MIF; MPO; PAF; PCR; PGE2; TNF; University; cell; disease; effect; expression; increase; inflammation; inflammatory; level; model; mouse; response; result; study summary = Cyclooxygenases (COX) catalyze the first step in the synthesis of prostaglandins (PG) from arachidonic acid.COX-1 is constitutively expressed.The COX-2 gene is an immediate early-response gene that is induced by variety of mitogenic and inflammatory stimuli.Levels of COX-2 are increased in both inflamed and malignant tissues.In inflamed tissues, there is both pharmacological and genetic evidence that targeting COX-2 can either improve (e.g., osteoarthritis) or exacerbate symptoms (e.g., inflammatory bowel disease).Multiple lines of evidence suggest that COX-2 plays a significant role in carcinogenesis.The most specific data that support a cause-and effect relationship between COX-2 and tumorigenesis come from genetic studies.Overexpression of COX-2 has been observed to drive tumor formation whereas COX-2 deficiency protects against several tumor types.Selective COX-2 inhibitors protect against the formation and growth of experimental tumors.Moreover, selective COX-2 inhibitors are active in preventing colorectal adenomas in humans.Increased amounts of COX-2-derived PGE2 are found in both inflamed and neoplastic tissues.The fact that PGE2 can stimulate cell proliferation, inhibit apoptosis and induce angiogenesis fits with evidence that induction of COX-2 contributes to both wound healing and tumor growth.Taken together, it seems likely that COX-2 induction contributes to wound healing in response to injury but reduces the threshold for carcinogenesis. doi = 10.1007/bf03353884 id = cord-015306-us58wwmp author = nan title = Abstracts for the IPNA Congress, 30 August - 3 September 2013, Shanghai, China date = 2013-06-21 keywords = AKI; CKD; DMSA; EBV; ESRD; HSP; HSPN; Hospital; NGAL; Nephrology; Objective; RSV; UTI; University; VUR; child; conclusion; group; kidney; level; method; patient; renal; result; study; year summary = The incidence of renal involvement varies from 20 to 60% and there have been some reports showing that nephritis might be related to an older age at onset, persistent purpura (> 1 month), severe abdominal pain, and relapsing disease.Recently, several studies have shown that galactose-deficient IgA1 (Gd-IgA1) is recognized by anti-glycan antibodies, resulting in the formation of the circulating immune complexes and their mesangial deposition causing renal injury in HSP nephritis and serum galactose-deficient IgA1 levels were highly inherited in children with HSP nephritis.Regarding the treatment of HSP, one randomized double-blinded controlled study recently showed that patients with abdiminal pain or arthralgia may benefit from early treatment with prednisone, but the drug has not been proven to be capable of preventing the development of renal symptoms. doi = 10.1007/s00467-013-2518-4 id = cord-015372-76xvzvdg author = nan title = National scientific medical meeting 1996 abstracts date = 1996 keywords = CAD; HCV; HIV; HSP; ICU; PCR; age; case; disease; group; increase; irish; level; mean; patient; positive; study; year summary = One, two and five-year survival rates were examined; age at diagnosis and lesion type were extremely significant factors in relation to patient outcome. Patients'' age, sex, risk group, CDC stage, CD4 count, indication for therapy, complication rate and response to treatment are described. Fifty-eight patients (34 male, 24 female) ranging in age from 15 to 65 years (Mean + SD = 28.4 + 10.8) were included in the study. Among these 48 patients (mean age 68.0+12.7), after controlling for age and for the duration and continuity of subsequent antipsychotic treatment, increasing duration of initially untreated psychosis was associated with greater severity of negative symptoms (p<0.005) and with lower scores on the MMSE (p<0.05) but not with executive dysfunction on the EXIT (p=0.3). Conclusion Although not a population based study, care of IDDM in Ireland is almost totally hospital clinic based Cigarette smoking is identified as the major problem to be addressed Patients with diabetes meltitus (DM) are at a higher risk of developing vascular complications, including coronary artery disease (CAD). doi = 10.1007/bf02945204 id = cord-015394-uj7fe5y6 author = nan title = Scientific Abstracts date = 2008-12-23 keywords = ACTH; AEA; ANOVA; BMI; CRF; Center; ELISA; EOC; ERK; GDM; Gynecology; Hospital; IL-1; IL-6; IL-8; IUGR; IVF; LPS; Medical; Medicine; NIH; Netherlands; Obstetrics; P<0.05; PCOS; PCR; PPROM; RNA; Research; School; TNF; USA; University; VEGF; cell; conclusion; control; dna; expression; fetal; fsh; human; increase; level; maternal; method; objective; placental; pregnancy; result; study; western; woman summary = Studies involving immunohistochemical analysis of normal ovaries have shown that granulosa cells express significantly higher levels of the activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factor, cFos compared to theca cells, where cFos expression is virtually absent. Following acute hypoxia (0.5% O2) for one to six hours, RhoA mRNA, total protein and activation (RhoA-GTP) levels were analysed, using semi-quantitative PCRs and western blot, and compared to normoxic non-pregnant human uterine smooth muscle control cells. Since there is an urgent need for non-invasive methods for determination of fetal (F) and placental (P) function, this study was designed to evaluate the genes differently and commonly expressed in P tissue and leukocytes in maternal (M) and F circulation.Material and Methods. The current study: 1) localized IL-6 mRNA levels in preeclamptic versus normal decidual sections; 2) evaluated mechanisms regulating IL-6 synthesis by targeting intracellular signaling pathways with specific inhibitors; 3) identified potential IL-6 targets by immunolocalizing the IL-6 receptor (IL-6R) to specific cell types in placental bed biopsies. doi = 10.1177/19337191080150020102 id = cord-022633-fr55uod6 author = nan title = SAEM Abstracts, Plenary Session date = 2012-04-26 keywords = ACS; AED; Background; COPD; CPR; EMS; ETCO; Emergency; HIV; Hospital; ICU; IQR; LOS; MDD; OHCA; TBI; University; conclusion; datum; group; level; method; objective; patient; rate; result; study; time summary = Staff satisfaction was evaluated through pre/ post-shift and study surveys; administrative data (physician initial assessment (PIA), length of stay (LOS), patients leaving without being seen (LWBS) and against medical advice [LAMA] ) were collected from an electronic, real-time ED information system. Communication Background: The link between extended shift lengths, sleepiness, and occupational injury or illness has been shown, in other health care populations, to be an important and preventable public health concern but heretofore has not been fully described in emergency medical services (EMS Objectives: To assess the effect of an ED-based computer screening and referral intervention for IPV victims and to determine what characteristics resulted in a positive change in their safety. Objectives: Using data from longitudinal surveys by the American Board of Emergency Medicine, the primary objective of this study was to evaluate if resident self-assessments of performance in required competencies improve over the course of graduate medical training and in the years following. doi = 10.1111/j.1553-2712.2012.01332.x id = cord-022650-phsr10jp author = nan title = Abstracts TPS date = 2018-08-14 keywords = AIT; Ara; Background; Der; ELISA; FEV1; HAE; HDM; Hospital; IgE; LTP; PR-10; SCIT; SDS; SLIT; SPT; allergen; allergic; allergy; asthma; case; conclusion; food; group; high; level; method; patient; result; specific; study; symptom; test; treatment; year summary = 0685 | Skin prick test reactivity to aeroallergens in adult allergy clinic in a tertiary hospital: a 12-year retrospective study Results: Five different human sera were screened for specific IgE level against 29 different allergen sources using test methods of three different suppliers. Conclusion: This multicenter prospective study confirmed that stepwise single-dose OFC to egg will help to clarify the severity of egg allergy, and will contribute to improved food allergy manageMethod: The study design was a retrospective cohort study extracting data from the electronic chart of children older than 4 years who visited our out-patient clinic for egg or milk allergy and who underwent an oral food challenge test (OFC) twice within 24 months between November 2013 and December 2017. Results: In the base case analysis, using Italy clinical practice patients with moderate-to severe allergic rhino-conjunctivitis (SS ranging from 6 to 15 points) and a mean age at entry of 21 years, both SCIT and SLIT were associated with increased cost but superior efficacy compared to pharmacotherapy alone. doi = 10.1111/all.13539 id = cord-022653-qa1uph35 author = nan title = Poster Discussion Session PDS date = 2017-08-30 keywords = AIT; CD4; Der; ELISA; HDM; IgE; P<.001; allergen; allergic; allergy; asthma; cell; child; conclusion; group; introduction; level; objective; patient; result; study; test; treatment; year summary = 0206 | G protein coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) regulates endothelial permeability induced by Bradykinin 0208 | Pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of c1 esterase inhibitor of chronic urticaria challenges most commonly identified were the following: time of onset of disease; frequency/duration of and provoking factors for wheals; diurnal variation; occurrence in relation to weekends, holidays, and foreign travel; shape, size, and distribution of wheals; associated angioedema; associated subjective symptoms of lesions; family and personal history regarding urticaria, atopy; previous or current allergies, infections, internal diseases, or other possible causes; psychosomatic and psychiatric diseases; surgical implantations and events during surgery; gastric/ intestinal problems; induction by physical agents or exercise; use of drugs; food allergies; relationship to the menstrual cycle; smoking habits; type of work, hobbies; stress; quality of life and emotional impact; previous therapy and response to therapy, and previous diagnostic procedures/results. doi = 10.1111/all.13251 id = cord-022940-atbjwpo5 author = nan title = Poster Sessions date = 2016-09-07 keywords = Akt; Ankara; Biology; Department; ELISA; Faculty; GSH; HCC; IL-6; IMA; Institute; Istanbul; MCF-7; MDA; MTT; P-02.08.5; P-09.04.4; PCR; PON1; RNA; ROS; Research; Russian; SOD; Sciences; TAS; TNF; TOS; Turkey; University; activity; analysis; cancer; cell; conclusion; control; dna; effect; expression; gene; group; high; increase; introduction; level; method; patient; protein; result; study; tissue; treatment; turkish; western summary = We have studied the effect of inhibition of IRE1 (inositol requiring enzyme 1), which is a central mediator of endoplasmic reticulum stress and controls cell proliferation and tumor growth, on hypoxic regulation of the expression of different proliferation related genes in U87 glioma cells. Transient inhibition of Akt and mTOR protein kinase activation in tumor cells followed by reactivation of signaling pathway did not result in a time-dependent difference on EGFR, HER2 and HER3 expression levels. In our study we aimed to determine cytotoxic effect of RES in K562 human CML cell line and to evaluate the expressions of miRNAs that are associated with genetics of leukemia after treatment with RES; to investigate target genes of miRNAs which show significant expression alterations and molecular mechanisms of RES treatment. doi = 10.1111/febs.13808 id = cord-023157-0lqlx2rv author = nan title = Poster Sessions date = 2013-04-18 keywords = BMI; CAD; CRP; CVD; GDM; HDL; HFD; HOMA; Hospital; IFG; IGT; IL-6; NAFLD; OGTT; PCOS; T2DM; University; diabetes; glucose; group; high; insulin; level; metabolic; patient; result; study summary = The patients revealed the increase of free fatty acids level (2.19 AE 0.10) mmol/l/ml, that meaningfully differed from such indexes in the control group (P < 0.001) and low level of adiponektin (3.70 AE 0.70) mg/ml that confirms their role in development of NAFLD even for persons with normal body weight after the presence of abdominal type of adipose tissue distribution. Results: This study has shown effectiveness in reduction in fasting blood glucose (P < 0.01), systolic blood pressure (P = 0.03), diastolic blood pressure (P = 0.01), weight (P = 0.03), added sugar (P = 0.03) and fat consumption (P < 0.01) while improving physical activity (P < 0.01) and insulin sensitivity (P < 0.01) in the intervention group when compared with the control group at follow up assessment. Conclusion: Our study shows that infiltration of macrophages in human adipose tissue, estimated by the expression of macrophage markers, is increased in subjects with obesity and diabetes and associated with insulin sensitivity and serum lipid levels independent of BMI. doi = 10.1111/1753-0407.12032_1