id sid tid token lemma pos cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 1 1 key key NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 1 2 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 2 1 cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 2 2 authors author NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 2 3 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 2 4 Lin Lin NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 2 5 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 2 6 Tsoyu Tsoyu NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 2 7 Calvin Calvin NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 2 8 ; ; : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 2 9 Lin Lin NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 2 10 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 2 11 Zong Zong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 2 12 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 2 13 Han Han NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 2 14 title title NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 2 15 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 2 16 Are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 2 17 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 2 18 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 2 19 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 2 20 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 2 21 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 2 22 integrated integrate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 2 23 ? ? . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 3 1 An an DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 3 2 empirical empirical JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 3 3 study study NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 3 4 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 3 5 six six CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 3 6 Asian asian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 3 7 economies economy NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 3 8 date date NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 3 9 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 3 10 2011 2011 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 3 11 - - SYM cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 3 12 11 11 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 3 13 - - SYM cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 3 14 30 30 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 3 15 journal journal NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 3 16 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 4 1 Pacific Pacific NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 4 2 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 4 3 Basin Basin NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 4 4 Finance Finance NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 4 5 Journal Journal NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 4 6 DOI DOI NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 4 7 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 4 8 10.1016 10.1016 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 4 9 / / SYM cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 4 10 j.pacfin.2011.05.001 j.pacfin.2011.05.001 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 4 11 sha sha NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 4 12 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 4 13 60be6b2f04f740d19f083023d2027695664932df 60be6b2f04f740d19f083023d2027695664932df CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 4 14 doc_id doc_id CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 4 15 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 4 16 323716 323716 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 4 17 cord_uid cord_uid FW cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 4 18 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 5 1 ak6zgyh1 ak6zgyh1 NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 5 2 Abstract Abstract NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 5 3 Rising rise VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 5 4 asset asset NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 5 5 prices price NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 5 6 spurred spur VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 5 7 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 5 8 Asia Asia NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 5 9 's 's POS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 5 10 emerging emerge VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 5 11 economy economy NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 5 12 have have VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 5 13 drawn draw VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 5 14 much much JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 5 15 attention attention NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 5 16 recently recently RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 5 17 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 6 1 This this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 6 2 study study NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 6 3 examines examine VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 6 4 one one CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 6 5 source source NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 6 6 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 6 7 growth growth NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 6 8 patterns pattern NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 6 9 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 6 10 asset asset NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 6 11 prices price NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 6 12 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 6 13 analyzing analyze VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 6 14 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 6 15 integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 6 16 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 6 17 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 6 18 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 6 19 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 6 20 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 6 21 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 6 22 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 6 23 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 6 24 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 6 25 Asia Asia NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 6 26 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 7 1 Six six CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 7 2 economies economy NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 7 3 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 7 4 selected select VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 7 5 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 7 6 empirical empirical JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 7 7 analysis analysis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 7 8 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 7 9 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 7 10 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 7 11 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 7 12 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 7 13 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 7 14 Japan Japan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 7 15 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 7 16 Singapore Singapore NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 7 17 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 7 18 South South NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 7 19 Korea Korea NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 7 20 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 7 21 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 7 22 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 7 23 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 8 1 Results result NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 8 2 show show VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 8 3 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 8 4 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 8 5 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 8 6 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 8 7 integrated integrate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 8 8 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 8 9 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 8 10 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 8 11 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 8 12 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 8 13 Japan Japan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 8 14 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 8 15 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 8 16 partially partially RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 8 17 integrated integrate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 8 18 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 8 19 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 8 20 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 8 21 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 8 22 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 8 23 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 8 24 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 8 25 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 8 26 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 8 27 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 8 28 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 8 29 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 8 30 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 1 This this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 2 implies imply VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 3 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 4 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 5 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 6 investment investment NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 7 vehicles vehicle NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 8 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 9 substitutable substitutable JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 10 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 11 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 12 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 13 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 14 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 15 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 16 Japan Japan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 17 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 18 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 19 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 20 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 21 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 22 provide provide VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 23 diversification diversification NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 24 potential potential NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 25 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 26 investment investment NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 27 portfolios portfolio NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 28 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 29 South South NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 30 Korea Korea NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 31 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 32 Singapore Singapore NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 9 33 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 1 Examining examine VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 2 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 3 timing timing NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 4 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 5 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 6 changes change NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 7 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 8 we -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 9 found find VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 10 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 11 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 12 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 13 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 14 leading lead VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 15 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 16 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 17 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 18 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 19 some some DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 20 countries country NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 21 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 22 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 23 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 24 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 25 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 26 leading lead VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 27 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 28 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 29 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 30 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 31 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 32 others other NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 10 33 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 11 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 11 2 conclude conclude VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 11 3 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 11 4 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 11 5 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 11 6 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 11 7 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 11 8 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 11 9 show show VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 11 10 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 11 11 variety variety NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 11 12 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 11 13 inter inter JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 11 14 - - NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 11 15 relationships relationship NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 11 16 depending depend VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 11 17 on on IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 11 18 economic economic JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 11 19 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 11 20 political political JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 11 21 policy policy NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 11 22 environments environment NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 11 23 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 12 1 Real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 12 2 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 12 3 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 12 4 stocks stock NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 12 5 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 12 6 important important JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 12 7 assets asset NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 12 8 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 12 9 most most JJS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 12 10 investors investor NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 12 11 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 13 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 13 2 liquidity liquidity NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 13 3 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 13 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 13 5 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 13 6 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 13 7 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 13 8 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 13 9 assets asset NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 13 10 have have VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 13 11 often often RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 13 12 attracted attract VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 13 13 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 13 14 attention attention NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 13 15 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 13 16 both both DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 13 17 homebuyers homebuyer NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 13 18 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 13 19 investors investor NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 13 20 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 14 1 Stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 14 2 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 14 3 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 14 4 most most RBS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 14 5 convenient convenient JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 14 6 form form NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 14 7 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 14 8 investment investment NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 14 9 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 14 10 many many JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 14 11 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 15 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 15 2 offers offer VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 15 3 relatively relatively RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 15 4 high high JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 15 5 liquidity liquidity NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 15 6 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 15 7 transparency transparency NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 15 8 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 15 9 transaction transaction NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 15 10 information information NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 15 11 compared compare VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 15 12 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 15 13 other other JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 15 14 investment investment NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 15 15 vehicles vehicle NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 15 16 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 16 1 For for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 16 2 most most JJS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 16 3 households household NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 16 4 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 16 5 however however RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 16 6 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 16 7 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 16 8 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 16 9 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 16 10 probably probably RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 16 11 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 16 12 most most RBS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 16 13 important important JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 16 14 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 16 15 expensive expensive JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 16 16 asset asset NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 16 17 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 16 18 obtain obtain VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 16 19 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 17 1 In in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 17 2 Asia Asia NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 17 3 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 17 4 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 17 5 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 17 6 especially especially RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 17 7 preferred prefer VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 17 8 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 17 9 due due IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 17 10 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 17 11 traditional traditional JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 17 12 values value NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 17 13 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 17 14 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 17 15 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 17 16 region region NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 17 17 's 's POS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 17 18 high high JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 17 19 population population NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 17 20 density density NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 17 21 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 1 Stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 2 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 3 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 4 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 5 values value NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 6 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 7 also also RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 8 influenced influence VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 9 strongly strongly RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 10 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 11 economic economic JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 12 conditions condition NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 14 e.g. e.g. RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 15 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 16 economic economic JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 17 growth growth NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 18 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 19 inflation inflation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 20 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 21 interest interest NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 22 rates rate NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 23 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 24 employment employment NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 25 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 26 financial financial JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 27 crisis crisis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 28 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 29 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 30 so so RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 31 on on RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 18 33 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 1 For for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 2 example example NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 3 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 5 2008 2008 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 6 subprime subprime JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 7 mortgage mortgage NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 8 crisis crisis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 9 that that WDT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 10 began begin VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 11 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 12 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 13 U.S. U.S. NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 14 had have VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 15 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 16 significant significant JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 17 negative negative JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 18 impact impact NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 19 on on IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 20 both both DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 21 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 22 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 23 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 24 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 25 prices price NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 26 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 27 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 28 six six CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 29 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 30 surveyed survey VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 31 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 32 as as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 33 shown show VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 34 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 35 Figs Figs NNPS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 19 36 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 20 1 1 1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 20 2 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 20 3 2 2 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 20 4 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 21 1 However however RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 21 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 21 3 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 21 4 differential differential JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 21 5 effects effect NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 21 6 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 21 7 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 21 8 conditions condition NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 21 9 on on IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 21 10 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 21 11 assets asset NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 21 12 have have VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 21 13 repeatedly repeatedly RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 21 14 drawn draw VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 21 15 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 21 16 attention attention NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 21 17 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 21 18 investors investor NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 21 19 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 21 20 households household NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 21 21 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 21 22 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 21 23 scholars scholar NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 21 24 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 22 1 On on IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 22 2 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 22 3 one one CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 22 4 hand hand NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 22 5 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 22 6 if if IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 22 7 there there EX cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 22 8 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 22 9 an an DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 22 10 integrated integrated JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 22 11 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 22 12 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 22 13 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 22 14 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 22 15 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 22 16 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 22 17 assets asset NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 22 18 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 22 19 this this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 22 20 implies imply VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 22 21 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 22 22 they -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 22 23 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 22 24 substitutable substitutable JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 22 25 or or CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 22 26 interchangeable interchangeable JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 22 27 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 23 1 Investors investor NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 23 2 may may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 23 3 be be VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 23 4 able able JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 23 5 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 23 6 predict predict VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 23 7 one one CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 23 8 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 23 9 through through IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 23 10 observing observe VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 23 11 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 23 12 other other JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 23 13 's 's POS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 23 14 performance performance NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 23 15 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 1 On on IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 2 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 3 other other JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 4 hand hand NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 5 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 6 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 7 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 8 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 9 may may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 10 also also RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 11 react react VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 12 independently independently RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 13 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 14 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 15 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 16 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 17 due due IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 18 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 19 various various JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 20 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 21 conditions condition NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 22 or or CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 23 government government NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 24 intervention intervention NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 25 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 26 including include VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 27 distortions distortion NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 28 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 29 supply supply NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 30 or or CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 31 demand demand NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 32 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 33 taxation taxation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 34 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 35 supply supply NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 36 or or CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 37 price price NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 38 control control NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 39 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 40 data datum NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 41 quality quality NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 42 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 43 or or CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 44 other other JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 45 transaction transaction NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 46 costs cost NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 24 47 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 25 1 If if IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 25 2 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 25 3 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 25 4 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 25 5 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 25 6 segmented segmented JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 25 7 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 25 8 investors investor NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 25 9 can can MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 25 10 diversify diversify VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 25 11 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 25 12 portfolios portfolio NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 25 13 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 25 14 holding hold VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 25 15 both both DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 25 16 types type NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 25 17 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 25 18 assets asset NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 25 19 simultaneously simultaneously RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 25 20 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 1 Numerous numerous JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 2 studies study NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 3 have have VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 4 explored explore VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 5 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 6 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 7 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 8 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 9 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 10 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 11 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 12 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 13 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 14 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 15 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 16 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 17 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 18 U.S. U.S. NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 19 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 20 but but CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 21 results result NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 22 have have VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 23 been be VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 24 inconsistent inconsistent JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 25 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 26 perhaps perhaps RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 27 due due IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 28 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 29 differences difference NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 30 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 31 sampling sampling NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 32 areas area NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 33 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 34 sampling sampling NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 35 periods period NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 36 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 37 data datum NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 38 quality quality NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 39 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 40 or or CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 41 economic economic JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 42 environments environment NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 43 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 44 Ambrose Ambrose NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 45 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 46 Ancel Ancel NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 47 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 48 Griffiths Griffiths NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 49 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 50 1992 1992 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 51 ; ; : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 52 Chaudhry Chaudhry NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 53 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 54 Myer Myer NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 55 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 56 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 57 Webb Webb NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 58 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 59 1999 1999 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 60 ; ; : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 61 Fraser Fraser NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 62 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 63 Leishman Leishman NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 64 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 65 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 66 Tarbert Tarbert NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 67 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 68 2002 2002 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 69 ; ; : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 70 Liow Liow NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 71 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 72 Yang Yang NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 73 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 74 2005 2005 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 75 ; ; : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 76 Ling Ling NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 77 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 78 Naranjo Naranjo NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 79 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 80 1999 1999 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 81 ; ; : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 82 Liu Liu NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 83 et et NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 84 al al NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 85 . . NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 86 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 87 1990 1990 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 88 ; ; : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 89 Okunev Okunev NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 90 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 91 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 92 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 93 1997 1997 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 94 ; ; : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 95 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 96 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 97 Okunev Okunev NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 98 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 99 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 100 Ta Ta NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 101 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 102 1996 1996 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 103 ; ; : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 104 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 105 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 106 Okunev Okunev NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 107 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 108 1999 1999 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 109 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 26 110 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 1 Now now RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 2 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 3 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 4 emerging emerge VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 5 Asian asian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 6 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 7 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 8 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 9 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 10 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 11 have have VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 12 attracted attract VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 13 worldwide worldwide JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 14 attention attention NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 15 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 16 trends trend NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 17 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 18 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 19 region region NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 20 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 21 extensive extensive JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 22 enough enough RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 23 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 24 merit merit VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 25 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 26 same same JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 27 attention attention NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 28 previously previously RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 29 reserved reserve VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 30 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 31 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 32 developed develop VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 33 economy economy NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 34 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 35 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 27 36 U.S. U.S. NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 28 1 This this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 28 2 study study NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 28 3 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 28 4 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 28 5 preliminary preliminary JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 28 6 examination examination NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 28 7 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 28 8 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 28 9 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 28 10 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 28 11 Asian asian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 28 12 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 28 13 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 28 14 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 28 15 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 28 16 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 28 17 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 28 18 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 29 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 29 2 examines examine VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 29 3 six six CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 29 4 Asian asian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 29 5 economies economy NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 29 6 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 29 7 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 29 8 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 29 9 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 29 10 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 29 11 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 29 12 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 29 13 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 29 14 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 29 15 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 29 16 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 30 1 This this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 30 2 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 30 3 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 30 4 timely timely JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 30 5 subject subject NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 30 6 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 30 7 several several JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 30 8 reasons reason NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 30 9 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 1 First first RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 3 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 4 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 5 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 6 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 7 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 8 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 9 Asia Asia NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 10 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 11 growing grow VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 12 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 13 Asian asian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 14 economies economy NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 15 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 16 especially especially RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 17 compared compare VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 18 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 19 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 20 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 21 most most JJS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 22 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 23 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 24 developed develop VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 25 countries country NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 26 like like IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 27 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 28 United United NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 29 States States NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 30 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 31 most most JJS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 32 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 33 Europe Europe NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 31 34 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 32 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 32 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 32 3 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 32 4 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 32 5 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 32 6 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 32 7 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 32 8 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 32 9 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 32 10 worth worth JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 32 11 examining examine VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 32 12 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 33 1 Second second RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 33 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 33 3 most most JJS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 33 4 research research NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 33 5 on on IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 33 6 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 33 7 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 33 8 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 33 9 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 33 10 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 33 11 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 33 12 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 33 13 past past NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 33 14 focused focus VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 33 15 on on IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 33 16 western western JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 33 17 countries country NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 33 18 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 34 1 Studies study NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 34 2 or or CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 34 3 comparative comparative JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 34 4 research research NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 34 5 on on IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 34 6 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 34 7 Asian asian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 34 8 region region NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 34 9 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 34 10 rare rare JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 34 11 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 35 1 This this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 35 2 study study NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 35 3 fills fill VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 35 4 this this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 35 5 gap gap NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 35 6 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 36 1 Finally finally RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 36 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 36 3 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 36 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 36 5 development development NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 36 6 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 36 7 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 36 8 economy economy NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 36 9 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 36 10 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 36 11 Asian asian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 36 12 regions region NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 36 13 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 36 14 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 36 15 growth growth NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 36 16 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 36 17 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 36 18 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 36 19 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 36 20 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 36 21 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 36 22 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 36 23 has have VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 36 24 attracted attract VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 36 25 significant significant JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 36 26 interest interest NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 36 27 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 36 28 global global JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 36 29 investors investor NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 36 30 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 37 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 37 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 37 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 37 4 attempt attempt VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 37 5 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 37 6 discover discover VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 37 7 any any DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 37 8 relationships relationship NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 37 9 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 37 10 examine examine VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 37 11 what what WP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 37 12 similarities similarity NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 37 13 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 37 14 Asian asian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 37 15 region region NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 37 16 shares share NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 37 17 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 37 18 other other JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 37 19 countries country NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 37 20 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 38 1 Data datum NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 38 2 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 38 3 this this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 38 4 study study NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 38 5 comes come VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 38 6 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 38 7 six six CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 38 8 Asian asian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 38 9 economies economy NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 38 10 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 38 11 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 38 12 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 38 13 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 38 14 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 38 15 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 38 16 Japan Japan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 38 17 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 38 18 Singapore Singapore NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 38 19 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 38 20 South South NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 38 21 Korea Korea NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 38 22 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 38 23 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 38 24 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 38 25 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 2 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 3 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 4 proposed propose VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 5 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 6 Johansen Johansen NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 8 1988 1988 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 10 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 11 Johansen Johansen NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 12 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 13 Juselius Juselius NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 15 1990 1990 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 17 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 18 used use VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 19 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 20 examine examine VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 21 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 22 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 23 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 24 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 25 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 26 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 27 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 28 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 29 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 30 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 31 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 32 economies economy NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 33 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 34 March March NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 35 1995 1995 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 36 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 37 June June NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 38 2010 2010 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 39 39 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 1 If if IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 2 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 3 null null JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 4 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 5 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 6 no no DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 7 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 8 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 9 rejected reject VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 10 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 11 it -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 12 indicates indicate VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 13 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 14 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 15 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 16 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 17 can can MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 18 reach reach VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 19 equilibrium equilibrium NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 20 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 21 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 22 long long JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 23 run run NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 24 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 25 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 26 implies imply VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 27 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 28 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 29 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 30 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 31 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 32 integrated integrate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 33 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 34 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 35 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 36 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 37 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 38 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 39 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 40 economies economy NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 40 41 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 41 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 41 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 41 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 41 4 can can MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 41 5 conclude conclude VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 41 6 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 41 7 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 41 8 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 41 9 assets asset NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 41 10 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 41 11 good good JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 41 12 substitutes substitute NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 41 13 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 41 14 investment investment NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 41 15 allocation allocation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 41 16 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 1 Conversely conversely RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 3 if if IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 5 null null JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 6 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 7 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 8 no no DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 9 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 10 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 11 accepted accept VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 12 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 13 segmentation segmentation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 14 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 15 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 16 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 17 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 18 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 19 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 20 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 21 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 22 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 23 exists exist VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 24 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 25 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 26 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 27 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 28 assets asset NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 29 can can MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 30 be be VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 31 held hold VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 32 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 33 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 34 portfolio portfolio NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 35 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 36 diversification diversification NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 37 purpose purpose NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 42 38 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 43 1 If if IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 43 2 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 43 3 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 43 4 show show VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 43 5 no no DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 43 6 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 43 7 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 43 8 it -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 43 9 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 43 10 still still RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 43 11 possible possible JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 43 12 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 43 13 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 43 14 there there EX cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 43 15 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 43 16 nonlinear nonlinear JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 43 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 43 18 or or CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 43 19 fractional fractional JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 43 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 43 21 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 43 22 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 43 23 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 43 24 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 43 25 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 43 26 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 43 27 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 44 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 44 2 therefore therefore RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 44 3 employ employ VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 44 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 44 5 model model NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 44 6 proposed propose VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 44 7 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 44 8 Okunev Okunev NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 44 9 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 44 10 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 44 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 44 12 1997 1997 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 44 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 44 14 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 44 15 examine examine VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 44 16 possible possible JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 44 17 fractional fractional JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 44 18 integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 44 19 relationships relationship NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 44 20 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 45 1 Finally finally RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 45 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 45 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 45 4 study study VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 45 5 possible possible JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 45 6 causal causal JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 45 7 relationships relationship NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 45 8 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 45 9 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 45 10 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 45 11 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 45 12 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 45 13 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 45 14 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 45 15 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 46 1 This this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 46 2 paper paper NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 46 3 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 46 4 organized organize VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 46 5 as as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 46 6 follows follow VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 46 7 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 47 1 Section section NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 47 2 2 2 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 47 3 discusses discuss VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 47 4 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 47 5 reviews review NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 47 6 theories theory NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 47 7 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 47 8 literature literature NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 47 9 related relate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 47 10 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 47 11 this this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 47 12 study study NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 47 13 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 48 1 Section section NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 48 2 3 3 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 48 3 describes describe VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 48 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 48 5 data datum NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 48 6 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 48 7 methodology methodology NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 48 8 used use VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 48 9 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 49 1 Section section NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 49 2 4 4 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 49 3 presents present VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 49 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 49 5 empirical empirical JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 49 6 results result NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 49 7 obtained obtain VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 49 8 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 50 1 Section section NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 50 2 5 5 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 50 3 presents present VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 50 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 50 5 study study NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 50 6 's 's POS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 50 7 conclusions conclusion NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 50 8 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 51 1 In in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 51 2 portfolio portfolio NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 51 3 management management NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 51 4 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 51 5 it -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 51 6 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 51 7 important important JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 51 8 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 51 9 understand understand VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 51 10 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 51 11 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 51 12 among among IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 51 13 assets asset NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 51 14 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 51 15 efficient efficient JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 51 16 allocation allocation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 51 17 since since IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 51 18 investors investor NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 51 19 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 51 20 concerned concern VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 51 21 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 51 22 maximizing maximize VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 51 23 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 51 24 value value NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 51 25 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 51 26 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 51 27 portfolio portfolio NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 51 28 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 1 According accord VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 2 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 3 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 4 " " `` cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 5 life life NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 6 cycle cycle NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 7 savings saving NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 8 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 9 " " '' cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 10 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 11 consumers consumer NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 12 will will MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 13 distribute distribute VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 14 increases increase NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 15 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 16 anticipated anticipated JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 17 wealth wealth NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 18 over over IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 19 time time NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 20 based base VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 21 upon upon IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 22 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 23 marginal marginal JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 24 propensity propensity NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 25 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 26 consume consume VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 27 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 28 wealth wealth NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 29 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 30 whether whether IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 31 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 32 stocks stock NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 33 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 34 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 35 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 36 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 37 or or CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 38 any any DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 39 other other JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 40 source source NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 41 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 42 Case case NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 43 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 44 Quigley Quigley NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 45 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 46 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 47 Shiller Shiller NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 48 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 49 2001 2001 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 50 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 52 51 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 1 Arnott Arnott NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 2 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 3 von von NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 4 Germeten Germeten NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 6 1983 1983 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 8 asserted assert VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 9 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 10 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 11 systematic systematic JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 12 asset asset NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 13 allocation allocation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 14 process process NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 15 involves involve VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 16 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 17 transformation transformation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 18 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 19 information information NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 20 into into IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 21 an an DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 22 asset asset NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 23 deployment deployment NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 24 strategy strategy NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 25 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 26 add add VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 27 value value NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 28 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 29 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 30 portfolio portfolio NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 53 31 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 54 1 One one CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 54 2 investment investment NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 54 3 tool tool NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 54 4 may may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 54 5 yield yield VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 54 6 superior superior JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 54 7 results result NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 54 8 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 54 9 but but CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 54 10 it -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 54 11 will will MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 54 12 not not RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 54 13 do do VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 54 14 so so RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 54 15 consistently consistently RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 54 16 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 54 17 or or CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 54 18 at at IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 54 19 least least JJS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 54 20 not not RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 54 21 consistently consistently RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 54 22 enough enough JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 54 23 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 54 24 satisfy satisfy VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 54 25 investors investor NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 54 26 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 55 1 In in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 55 2 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 55 3 study study NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 55 4 investigating investigate VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 55 5 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 55 6 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 55 7 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 55 8 commercial commercial JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 55 9 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 55 10 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 55 11 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 55 12 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 55 13 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 55 14 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 55 15 Liu Liu NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 55 16 et et NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 55 17 al al NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 55 18 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 2 1990 1990 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 4 defined define VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 5 " " `` cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 6 integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 7 " " '' cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 8 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 9 " " `` cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 10 segmentation segmentation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 11 " " '' cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 12 as as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 13 follows follow VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 14 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 15 " " `` cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 16 Integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 17 " " '' cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 18 exists exist VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 19 if if IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 20 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 21 only only JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 22 risk risk NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 23 priced price VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 24 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 25 both both DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 26 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 27 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 28 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 29 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 30 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 31 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 32 systematic systematic JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 33 risk risk NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 34 relative relative JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 35 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 36 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 37 overall overall JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 38 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 56 39 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 57 1 No no DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 57 2 additional additional JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 57 3 premium premium NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 57 4 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 57 5 associated associate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 57 6 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 57 7 any any DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 57 8 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 57 9 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 57 10 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 57 11 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 58 1 Investors investor NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 58 2 therefore therefore RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 58 3 earn earn VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 58 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 58 5 same same JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 58 6 risk risk NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 58 7 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 58 8 adjusted adjust VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 58 9 return return NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 58 10 on on IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 58 11 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 58 12 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 58 13 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 58 14 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 58 15 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 59 1 " " `` cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 59 2 Segmentation segmentation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 59 3 " " '' cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 59 4 arises arise VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 59 5 if if IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 59 6 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 59 7 only only JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 59 8 risk risk NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 59 9 priced price VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 59 10 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 59 11 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 59 12 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 59 13 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 59 14 systematic systematic JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 59 15 risk risk NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 59 16 relative relative JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 59 17 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 59 18 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 59 19 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 59 20 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 59 21 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 59 22 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 60 1 Investors investor NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 60 2 thus thus RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 60 3 do do VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 60 4 not not RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 60 5 necessarily necessarily RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 60 6 earn earn VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 60 7 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 60 8 same same JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 60 9 expected expect VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 60 10 return return NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 60 11 on on IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 60 12 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 60 13 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 60 14 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 60 15 stocks stock NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 60 16 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 61 1 Once once IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 61 2 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 61 3 integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 61 4 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 61 5 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 61 6 found find VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 61 7 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 61 8 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 61 9 investment investment NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 61 10 vehicles vehicle NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 61 11 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 61 12 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 61 13 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 61 14 assets asset NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 61 15 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 61 16 substitutable substitutable JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 62 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 62 2 Liow Liow NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 62 3 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 62 4 Yang Yang NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 62 5 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 62 6 2005 2005 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 62 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 62 8 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 63 1 On on IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 63 2 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 63 3 contrary contrary NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 63 4 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 63 5 if if IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 63 6 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 63 7 investment investment NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 63 8 vehicles vehicle NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 63 9 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 63 10 segmented segmented JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 63 11 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 63 12 then then RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 63 13 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 63 14 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 63 15 assets asset NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 63 16 may may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 63 17 be be VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 63 18 held hold VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 63 19 together together RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 63 20 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 63 21 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 63 22 purpose purpose NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 63 23 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 63 24 portfolio portfolio NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 63 25 diversification diversification NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 63 26 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 64 1 Factors factor NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 64 2 causing cause VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 64 3 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 64 4 integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 64 5 or or CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 64 6 segmentation segmentation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 64 7 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 64 8 assets asset NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 64 9 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 64 10 also also RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 64 11 worth worth JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 64 12 exploring explore VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 64 13 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 1 Explanations explanation NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 2 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 3 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 4 integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 5 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 6 can can MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 7 be be VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 8 illustrated illustrate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 9 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 10 some some DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 11 economic economic JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 12 rationales rationale NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 14 e.g. e.g. RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 15 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 16 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 17 " " `` cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 18 substitution substitution NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 19 effect effect NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 20 " " '' cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 21 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 22 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 23 " " `` cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 24 flight flight NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 25 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 26 quality quality NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 27 " " '' cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 28 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 29 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 30 " " `` cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 31 wealth wealth NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 32 effect effect NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 33 " " '' cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 34 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 35 business business NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 36 cycle cycle NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 37 factors factor NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 38 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 39 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 40 so so RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 41 on on RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 65 43 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 66 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 66 2 " " `` cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 66 3 substitution substitution NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 66 4 effect effect NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 66 5 " " '' cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 66 6 occurs occur VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 66 7 when when WRB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 66 8 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 66 9 price price NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 66 10 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 66 11 one one CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 66 12 investment investment NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 66 13 vehicle vehicle NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 66 14 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 66 15 too too RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 66 16 high high JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 66 17 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 66 18 make make VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 66 19 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 66 20 profit profit NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 66 21 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 66 22 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 66 23 investor investor NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 66 24 searches search NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 66 25 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 66 26 alternative alternative JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 66 27 assets asset NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 66 28 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 67 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 67 2 alternatives alternative NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 67 3 may may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 67 4 or or CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 67 5 may may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 67 6 not not RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 67 7 be be VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 67 8 as as RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 67 9 efficient efficient JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 67 10 as as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 67 11 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 67 12 original original JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 67 13 vehicle vehicle NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 67 14 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 67 15 but but CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 67 16 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 67 17 investor investor NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 67 18 believes believe VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 67 19 they -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 67 20 will will MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 67 21 provide provide VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 67 22 more more JJR cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 67 23 profit profit NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 67 24 than than IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 67 25 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 67 26 original original JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 67 27 asset asset NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 67 28 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 1 In in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 2 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 3 similar similar JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 4 vein vein NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 5 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 6 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 7 " " `` cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 8 flight flight NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 9 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 10 quality quality NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 11 " " '' cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 12 phenomenon phenomenon NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 13 stimulates stimulate VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 14 investors investor NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 15 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 16 switch switch VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 17 investment investment NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 18 vehicles vehicle NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 19 or or CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 20 move move VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 21 funds fund NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 22 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 23 pursue pursue VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 24 high high JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 25 return return NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 26 or or CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 27 risk risk NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 28 aversion aversion NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 30 Kim Kim NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 31 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 32 Moshirian Moshirian NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 33 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 34 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 35 Wu Wu NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 36 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 37 2006 2006 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 38 ; ; : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 39 Bernanke Bernanke NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 40 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 41 Gertler Gertler NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 42 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 43 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 44 Gilchrist Gilchrist NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 45 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 46 1996 1996 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 47 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 68 48 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 69 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 69 2 " " `` cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 69 3 wealth wealth NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 69 4 effect effect NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 69 5 " " '' cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 69 6 implies imply VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 69 7 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 69 8 causal causal JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 69 9 effect effect NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 69 10 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 69 11 exogenous exogenous JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 69 12 changes change NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 69 13 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 69 14 wealth wealth NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 69 15 upon upon IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 69 16 consumption consumption NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 69 17 behavior behavior NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 69 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 69 19 Case case NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 69 20 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 69 21 Quigley Quigley NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 69 22 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 69 23 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 69 24 Shiller Shiller NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 69 25 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 69 26 2001 2001 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 69 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 69 28 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 70 1 As as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 70 2 investors investor NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 70 3 sense sense VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 70 4 an an DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 70 5 increase increase NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 70 6 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 70 7 wealth wealth NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 70 8 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 70 9 investments investment NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 70 10 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 70 11 various various JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 70 12 assets asset NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 70 13 might may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 70 14 simultaneously simultaneously RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 70 15 increase increase VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 70 16 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 1 Quan Quan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 2 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 3 Titman Titman NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 5 1999 1999 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 7 found find VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 8 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 9 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 10 correlation correlation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 11 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 12 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 13 returns return NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 14 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 15 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 16 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 17 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 18 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 19 will will MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 20 increase increase VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 21 if if IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 22 " " `` cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 23 business business NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 24 cycle cycle NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 25 " " '' cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 26 variables variable NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 27 simultaneously simultaneously RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 28 affect affect VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 29 corporate corporate JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 30 profits profit NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 31 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 32 rents rent NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 71 33 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 72 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 72 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 72 3 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 72 4 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 72 5 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 72 6 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 72 7 prices price NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 72 8 will will MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 72 9 also also RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 72 10 move move VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 72 11 together together RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 72 12 if if IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 72 13 expectations expectation NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 72 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 72 15 either either CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 72 16 rational rational JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 72 17 or or CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 72 18 irrational irrational JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 72 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 72 20 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 72 21 future future JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 72 22 profits profit NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 72 23 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 72 24 rents rent NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 72 25 move move VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 72 26 together together RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 72 27 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 73 1 These these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 73 2 results result NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 73 3 suggest suggest VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 73 4 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 73 5 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 73 6 large large JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 73 7 fraction fraction NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 73 8 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 73 9 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 73 10 observed observed JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 73 11 positive positive JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 73 12 correlation correlation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 73 13 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 73 14 due due JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 73 15 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 73 16 economic economic JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 73 17 fundamentals fundamental NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 73 18 that that WDT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 73 19 affect affect VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 73 20 both both DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 73 21 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 73 22 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 73 23 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 73 24 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 73 25 prices price NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 73 26 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 74 1 Although although IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 74 2 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 74 3 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 74 4 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 74 5 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 74 6 stocks stock NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 74 7 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 74 8 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 74 9 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 74 10 has have VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 74 11 been be VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 74 12 widely widely RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 74 13 discussed discuss VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 74 14 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 74 15 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 74 16 evidence evidence NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 74 17 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 74 18 still still RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 74 19 inconclusive inconclusive JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 74 20 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 75 1 Liu Liu NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 75 2 et et NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 75 3 al al NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 75 4 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 76 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 76 2 1990 1990 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 76 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 76 4 argued argue VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 76 5 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 76 6 if if IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 76 7 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 76 8 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 76 9 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 76 10 segmented segment VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 76 11 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 76 12 other other JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 76 13 assets asset NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 76 14 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 76 15 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 76 16 returns return NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 76 17 should should MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 76 18 show show VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 76 19 different different JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 76 20 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 76 21 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 76 22 those those DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 76 23 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 76 24 other other JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 76 25 assets asset NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 76 26 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 77 1 Otherwise otherwise RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 77 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 77 3 asset asset NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 77 4 returns return NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 77 5 should should MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 77 6 show show VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 77 7 similar similar JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 77 8 behavior behavior NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 77 9 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 78 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 78 2 results result NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 78 3 showed show VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 78 4 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 78 5 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 78 6 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 78 7 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 78 8 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 78 9 segmented segment VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 78 10 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 78 11 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 78 12 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 78 13 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 78 14 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 78 15 when when WRB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 78 16 " " `` cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 78 17 appraisal appraisal NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 78 18 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 78 19 based base VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 78 20 " " `` cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 78 21 return return NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 78 22 analysis analysis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 78 23 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 78 24 used use VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 78 25 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 79 1 However however RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 79 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 79 3 they -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 79 4 also also RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 79 5 obtained obtain VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 79 6 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 79 7 contradictory contradictory JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 79 8 result result NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 79 9 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 79 10 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 79 11 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 79 12 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 79 13 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 79 14 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 79 15 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 79 16 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 79 17 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 79 18 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 79 19 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 79 20 integrated integrate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 79 21 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 79 22 if if IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 79 23 equity equity NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 79 24 REIT REIT NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 79 25 returns return NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 79 26 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 79 27 employed employ VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 79 28 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 79 29 testing testing NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 79 30 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 1 Ambrose Ambrose NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 3 Ancel Ancel NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 4 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 5 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 6 Griffiths Griffiths NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 8 1992 1992 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 10 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 11 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 12 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 13 Okunev Okunev NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 14 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 15 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 16 Ta Ta NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 18 1996 1996 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 20 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 21 Okunev Okunev NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 22 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 23 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 25 1997 1997 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 27 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 28 Chaudhry Chaudhry NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 29 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 30 Myer Myer NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 31 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 32 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 33 Webb Webb NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 35 1999 1999 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 37 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 38 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 39 Fraser Fraser NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 40 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 41 Leishman Leishman NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 42 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 43 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 44 Tarbert Tarbert NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 45 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 46 2002 2002 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 47 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 48 conducted conduct VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 49 similar similar JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 50 studies study NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 51 but but CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 52 drew draw VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 53 differing differ VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 54 conclusions conclusion NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 80 55 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 1 Ambrose Ambrose NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 3 Ancel Ancel NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 4 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 5 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 6 Griffiths Griffiths NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 8 1992 1992 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 10 used use VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 11 rescaled rescale VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 12 range range NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 13 analysis analysis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 14 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 15 developed develop VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 16 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 17 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 18 fractal fractal JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 19 geometry geometry NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 20 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 21 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 22 re re VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 23 - - VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 24 examine examine VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 25 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 26 segmentation segmentation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 27 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 28 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 29 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 30 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 31 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 32 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 33 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 34 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 81 35 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 82 1 Contrary contrary JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 82 2 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 82 3 Liu Liu NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 82 4 et et NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 82 5 al al NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 82 6 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 83 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 83 2 1990 1990 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 83 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 83 4 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 83 5 they -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 83 6 found find VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 83 7 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 83 8 segmentation segmentation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 83 9 does do VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 83 10 not not RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 83 11 exist exist VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 83 12 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 83 13 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 83 14 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 83 15 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 83 16 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 84 1 Okunev Okunev NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 84 2 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 84 3 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 84 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 84 5 1997 1997 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 84 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 84 7 provided provide VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 84 8 yet yet RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 84 9 another another DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 84 10 perspective perspective NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 84 11 on on IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 84 12 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 84 13 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 84 14 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 84 15 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 84 16 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 84 17 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 84 18 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 84 19 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 84 20 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 85 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 85 2 argued argue VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 85 3 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 85 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 85 5 integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 85 6 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 85 7 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 85 8 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 85 9 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 85 10 may may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 85 11 not not RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 85 12 be be VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 85 13 linear linear JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 85 14 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 86 1 Thus thus RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 86 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 86 3 they -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 86 4 proposed propose VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 86 5 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 86 6 nonlinear nonlinear JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 86 7 integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 86 8 framework framework NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 86 9 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 86 10 test test VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 86 11 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 86 12 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 86 13 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 86 14 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 86 15 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 86 16 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 86 17 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 87 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 87 2 nonlinear nonlinear JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 87 3 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 87 4 supported support VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 87 5 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 87 6 view view NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 87 7 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 87 8 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 87 9 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 87 10 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 87 11 fractionally fractionally RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 87 12 integrated integrate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 87 13 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 88 1 This this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 88 2 result result NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 88 3 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 88 4 quite quite RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 88 5 different different JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 88 6 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 88 7 previous previous JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 88 8 studies study NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 88 9 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 89 1 Comparing compare VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 89 2 results result NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 89 3 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 89 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 89 5 United United NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 89 6 States States NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 89 7 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 89 8 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 89 9 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 89 10 Okunev Okunev NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 89 11 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 89 12 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 89 13 Ta Ta NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 89 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 89 15 1996 1996 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 89 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 89 17 collected collect VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 89 18 Australian australian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 89 19 data datum NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 89 20 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 89 21 explore explore VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 89 22 whether whether IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 89 23 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 89 24 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 89 25 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 89 26 equity equity NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 89 27 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 89 28 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 89 29 integrated integrate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 89 30 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 90 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 90 2 employed employ VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 90 3 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 90 4 multi multi JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 90 5 - - JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 90 6 index index JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 90 7 framework framework NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 90 8 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 90 9 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 90 10 arbitrage arbitrage NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 90 11 pricing pricing NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 90 12 model model NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 90 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 90 14 APM APM NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 90 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 90 16 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 90 17 test test VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 90 18 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 90 19 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 90 20 co co JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 90 21 - - JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 90 22 integration integration JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 90 23 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 90 24 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 90 25 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 90 26 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 90 27 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 90 28 equity equity NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 90 29 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 90 30 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 91 1 Their -PRON- PRP$ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 91 2 results result NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 91 3 suggested suggest VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 91 4 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 91 5 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 91 6 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 91 7 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 91 8 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 91 9 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 91 10 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 91 11 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 91 12 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 91 13 weak weak JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 91 14 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 91 15 Australia Australia NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 91 16 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 92 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 92 2 quality quality NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 92 3 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 92 4 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 92 5 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 92 6 data datum NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 92 7 may may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 92 8 also also RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 92 9 lead lead VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 92 10 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 92 11 different different JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 92 12 results result NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 92 13 when when WRB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 92 14 testing test VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 92 15 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 92 16 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 92 17 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 1 Ling Ling NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 2 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 3 Naranjo Naranjo NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 5 1999 1999 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 7 employed employ VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 8 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 9 multifactor multifactor NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 10 model model NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 11 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 12 explore explore VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 13 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 14 integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 15 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 16 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 17 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 18 US US NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 19 commercial commercial JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 20 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 21 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 22 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 24 both both DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 25 exchange exchange NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 26 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 27 traded trade VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 28 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 29 non non JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 30 - - JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 31 exchange exchange NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 32 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 33 traded trade VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 35 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 36 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 37 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 38 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 93 39 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 94 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 94 2 found find VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 94 3 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 94 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 94 5 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 94 6 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 94 7 traded trade VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 94 8 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 94 9 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 94 10 companies company NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 94 11 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 94 12 including include VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 94 13 REITs reit NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 94 14 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 94 15 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 94 16 integrated integrate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 94 17 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 94 18 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 94 19 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 94 20 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 94 21 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 95 1 However however RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 95 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 95 3 they -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 95 4 also also RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 95 5 found find VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 95 6 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 95 7 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 95 8 consistent consistent JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 95 9 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 95 10 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 95 11 results result NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 95 12 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 95 13 Liu Liu NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 95 14 et et NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 95 15 al al NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 95 16 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 2 1990 1990 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 4 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 5 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 6 " " `` cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 7 appraisalbased appraisalbased JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 8 " " '' cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 9 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 10 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 11 returns return NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 12 failed fail VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 13 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 14 integrate integrate VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 15 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 16 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 17 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 18 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 19 returns return NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 20 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 21 which which WDT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 22 may may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 23 indicate indicate VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 24 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 25 it -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 26 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 27 not not RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 28 an an DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 29 accurate accurate JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 30 proxy proxy NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 31 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 32 commercial commercial JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 33 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 34 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 35 returns return NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 96 36 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 1 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 2 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 3 Okunev Okunev NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 5 1999 1999 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 7 applied apply VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 8 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 9 technique technique NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 10 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 11 fractional fractional JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 12 co co NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 13 - - NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 14 integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 15 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 16 explore explore VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 17 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 18 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 19 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 20 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 21 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 22 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 23 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 24 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 25 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 26 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 27 United United NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 28 States States NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 29 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 30 United United NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 31 Kingdom Kingdom NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 32 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 33 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 34 Australia Australia NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 35 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 36 1971 1971 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 37 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 38 1993 1993 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 97 39 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 98 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 98 2 found find VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 98 3 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 98 4 there there EX cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 98 5 was be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 98 6 no no DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 98 7 long long JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 98 8 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 98 9 run run NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 98 10 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 98 11 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 98 12 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 98 13 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 98 14 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 98 15 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 98 16 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 98 17 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 98 18 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 98 19 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 98 20 countries country NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 98 21 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 2 further further RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 3 argued argue VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 4 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 5 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 6 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 7 crash crash NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 8 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 9 1987 1987 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 10 might may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 11 have have VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 12 incurred incur VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 13 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 14 structural structural JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 15 change change NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 16 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 17 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 18 they -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 19 chose choose VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 20 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 21 as as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 22 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 23 breaking breaking JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 24 point point NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 25 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 26 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 27 structural structural JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 28 change change NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 29 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 30 re re NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 31 - - VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 32 examined examine VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 33 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 34 issue issue NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 99 35 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 2 found find VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 3 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 4 there there EX cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 5 was be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 6 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 7 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 8 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 9 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 10 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 11 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 12 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 13 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 14 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 15 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 16 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 17 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 18 United United NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 19 States States NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 20 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 21 1971 1971 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 22 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 23 1987 1987 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 24 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 25 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 26 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 27 United United NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 28 Kingdom Kingdom NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 29 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 30 1988 1988 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 31 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 32 1993 1993 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 100 33 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 1 Quan Quan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 2 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 3 Titman Titman NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 5 1999 1999 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 7 examined examine VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 8 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 9 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 10 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 11 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 12 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 13 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 14 seventeen seventeen CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 15 countries country NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 16 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 17 found find VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 18 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 19 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 20 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 21 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 22 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 23 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 24 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 25 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 26 returns return NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 27 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 28 not not RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 29 statistically statistically RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 30 significant significant JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 31 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 32 except except IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 33 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 34 Japan Japan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 101 35 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 1 In in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 2 relation relation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 3 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 5 study study NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 6 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 7 integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 8 or or CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 9 segmentation segmentation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 10 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 11 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 12 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 13 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 14 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 15 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 16 causality causality NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 17 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 18 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 19 another another DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 20 interesting interesting JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 21 issue issue NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 22 that that WDT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 23 could could MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 24 assist assist VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 25 us -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 26 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 27 understanding understand VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 28 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 29 extent extent NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 30 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 31 which which WDT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 32 they -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 33 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 34 causally causally RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 35 related relate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 102 36 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 1 He -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 2 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 3 Webb Webb NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 5 2000 2000 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 7 examined examine VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 8 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 9 causal causal JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 10 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 11 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 12 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 13 residential residential JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 14 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 15 commercial commercial JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 16 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 17 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 18 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 19 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 20 including include VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 21 office office NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 22 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 23 retail retail NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 24 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 25 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 26 industrial industrial JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 27 properties property NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 28 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 29 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 30 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 31 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 103 32 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 104 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 104 2 found find VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 104 3 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 104 4 there there EX cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 104 5 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 104 6 unidirectional unidirectional JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 104 7 causality causality NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 104 8 running run VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 104 9 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 104 10 residential residential JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 104 11 property property NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 104 12 prices price NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 104 13 / / SYM cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 104 14 rentals rental NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 104 15 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 104 16 commercial commercial JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 104 17 properties property NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 104 18 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 1 Similarly similarly RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 3 Okunev Okunev NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 4 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 5 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 6 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 7 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 8 Zurbruegg Zurbruegg NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 10 2000 2000 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 12 applied apply VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 13 both both CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 14 linear linear JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 15 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 16 nonlinear nonlinear JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 17 causality causality NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 18 approaches approach NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 19 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 20 investigate investigate VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 21 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 22 dynamic dynamic JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 23 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 24 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 25 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 26 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 27 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 28 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 29 S&P S&P NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 30 500 500 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 31 index index NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 32 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 33 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 34 United United NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 35 States States NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 36 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 37 1972 1972 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 38 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 39 1988 1988 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 105 40 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 106 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 106 2 found find VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 106 3 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 106 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 106 5 linear linear JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 106 6 causality causality NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 106 7 results result NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 106 8 were be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 106 9 spurious spurious JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 106 10 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 106 11 but but CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 106 12 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 106 13 there there EX cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 106 14 was be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 106 15 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 106 16 strong strong JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 106 17 unidirectional unidirectional JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 106 18 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 106 19 running run VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 106 20 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 106 21 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 106 22 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 106 23 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 106 24 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 106 25 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 106 26 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 106 27 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 106 28 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 106 29 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 107 1 Due due IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 107 2 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 107 3 rapid rapid JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 107 4 economic economic JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 107 5 growth growth NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 107 6 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 107 7 Asia Asia NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 107 8 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 107 9 many many JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 107 10 scholars scholar NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 107 11 have have VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 107 12 attempted attempt VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 107 13 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 107 14 analyze analyze VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 107 15 asset asset NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 107 16 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 107 17 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 107 18 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 107 19 region region NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 107 20 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 108 1 For for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 108 2 example example NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 108 3 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 108 4 Phylaktis Phylaktis NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 108 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 108 6 1997 1997 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 108 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 108 8 examined examine VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 108 9 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 108 10 extent extent NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 108 11 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 108 12 integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 108 13 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 108 14 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 108 15 Pacific Pacific NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 108 16 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 108 17 Basin Basin NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 108 18 region region NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 108 19 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 108 20 analyzing analyze VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 108 21 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 108 22 co co NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 108 23 - - NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 108 24 movements movement NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 108 25 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 108 26 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 108 27 interest interest NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 108 28 rates rate NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 108 29 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 109 1 He -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 109 2 found find VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 109 3 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 109 4 there there EX cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 109 5 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 109 6 integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 109 7 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 109 8 capital capital NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 109 9 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 109 10 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 109 11 Singapore Singapore NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 109 12 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 109 13 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 109 14 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 109 15 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 109 16 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 109 17 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 109 18 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 110 1 Masih Masih NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 110 2 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 110 3 Masih Masih NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 110 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 110 5 1999 1999 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 110 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 110 7 examined examine VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 110 8 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 110 9 dynamic dynamic JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 110 10 linkages linkage NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 110 11 among among IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 110 12 Asian asian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 110 13 emerging emerge VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 110 14 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 110 15 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 110 16 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 111 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 111 2 found find VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 111 3 evidence evidence NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 111 4 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 111 5 co co NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 111 6 - - NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 111 7 integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 111 8 among among IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 111 9 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 111 10 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 111 11 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 112 1 These these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 112 2 results result NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 112 3 implied imply VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 112 4 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 112 5 investors investor NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 112 6 could could MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 112 7 take take VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 112 8 advantage advantage NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 112 9 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 112 10 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 112 11 inefficiency inefficiency NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 112 12 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 112 13 engage engage VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 112 14 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 112 15 arbitrage arbitrage NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 112 16 activities activity NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 112 17 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 1 Liow Liow NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 2 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 3 Li Li NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 5 2006 2006 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 7 investigated investigate VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 8 whether whether IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 9 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 10 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 11 company company NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 12 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 13 prices price NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 14 deviate deviate VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 15 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 16 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 17 net net JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 18 asset asset NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 19 values value NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 21 NAVs nav NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 23 which which WDT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 24 represent represent VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 25 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 26 underlying underlying JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 27 value value NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 28 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 29 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 30 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 31 assets asset NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 32 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 33 Asian Asian NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 34 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 35 Pacific Pacific NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 36 securitized securitize VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 37 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 38 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 39 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 113 40 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 114 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 114 2 took take VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 114 3 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 114 4 difference difference NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 114 5 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 114 6 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 114 7 prices price NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 114 8 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 114 9 NAVs nav NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 114 10 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 114 11 divided divide VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 114 12 it -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 114 13 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 114 14 NAV NAV NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 114 15 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 114 16 measure measure VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 114 17 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 114 18 extent extent NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 114 19 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 114 20 discounts discount NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 114 21 or or CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 114 22 premiums premium NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 114 23 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 114 24 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 114 25 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 114 26 stocks stock NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 114 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 114 28 NAVDISC NAVDISC NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 114 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 114 30 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 2 suggest suggest VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 3 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 4 if if IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 5 there there EX cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 6 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 7 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 8 stable stable JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 9 NAVDISC NAVDISC NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 10 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 11 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 12 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 13 companies company NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 14 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 15 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 16 long long JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 17 run run NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 18 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 19 there there EX cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 20 should should MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 21 be be VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 22 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 23 long long RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 24 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 25 run run NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 26 co co NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 27 - - JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 28 integration integration JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 29 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 30 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 31 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 32 prices price NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 33 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 34 NAVs nav NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 115 35 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 116 1 As as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 116 2 this this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 116 3 review review NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 116 4 shows show VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 116 5 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 116 6 studies study NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 116 7 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 116 8 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 116 9 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 116 10 have have VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 116 11 given give VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 116 12 diverse diverse JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 116 13 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 116 14 inconsistent inconsistent JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 116 15 results result NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 116 16 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 117 1 This this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 117 2 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 117 3 partly partly RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 117 4 attributable attributable JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 117 5 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 117 6 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 117 7 different different JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 117 8 time time NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 117 9 periods period NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 117 10 examined examine VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 117 11 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 117 12 quality quality NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 117 13 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 117 14 data datum NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 117 15 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 117 16 or or CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 117 17 differing differ VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 117 18 economic economic JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 117 19 or or CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 117 20 political political JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 117 21 environments environment NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 117 22 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 118 1 Since since IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 118 2 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 118 3 causal causal JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 118 4 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 118 5 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 118 6 concerned concern VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 118 7 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 118 8 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 118 9 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 118 10 specific specific JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 118 11 insight insight NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 118 12 may may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 118 13 be be VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 118 14 provided provide VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 118 15 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 118 16 examining examine VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 118 17 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 118 18 causal causal JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 118 19 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 118 20 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 118 21 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 118 22 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 118 23 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 118 24 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 118 25 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 118 26 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 1 Along along IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 2 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 3 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 4 development development NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 5 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 6 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 7 Asian asian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 8 economies economy NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 9 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 10 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 11 appreciation appreciation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 12 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 13 asset asset NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 14 prices price NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 15 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 16 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 17 long long JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 18 run run NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 19 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 20 causal causal JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 21 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 22 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 23 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 24 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 25 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 26 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 27 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 28 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 29 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 30 this this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 31 region region NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 32 have have VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 33 thus thus RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 34 captured capture VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 35 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 36 attention attention NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 37 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 38 further further JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 39 empirical empirical JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 40 analysis analysis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 119 41 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 120 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 120 2 reasons reason NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 120 3 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 120 4 choose choose VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 120 5 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 120 6 economies economy NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 120 7 used use VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 120 8 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 120 9 this this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 120 10 study study NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 120 11 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 120 12 straightforward straightforward JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 120 13 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 121 1 First first RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 121 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 121 3 Japan Japan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 121 4 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 121 5 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 121 6 most most RBS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 121 7 developed developed JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 121 8 country country NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 121 9 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 121 10 Asia Asia NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 121 11 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 121 12 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 121 13 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 121 14 movement movement NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 121 15 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 121 16 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 121 17 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 121 18 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 121 19 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 121 20 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 121 21 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 121 22 often often RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 121 23 gathers gather VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 121 24 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 121 25 world world NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 121 26 's 's POS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 121 27 attention attention NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 121 28 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 1 Secondly secondly RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 3 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 4 economic economic JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 5 growth growth NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 6 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 7 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 8 so so RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 9 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 10 called call VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 11 " " `` cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 12 Four Four NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 13 Dragons Dragons NNPS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 14 " " '' cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 16 e.g. e.g. RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 17 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 18 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 19 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 20 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 21 Singapore Singapore NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 22 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 23 South South NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 24 Korea Korea NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 25 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 26 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 27 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 29 has have VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 30 greatly greatly RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 31 expanded expand VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 32 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 33 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 34 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 35 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 36 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 37 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 38 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 39 since since IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 40 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 41 1980s 1980s CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 122 42 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 123 1 Finally finally RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 123 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 123 3 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 123 4 rapid rapid JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 123 5 growth growth NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 123 6 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 123 7 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 123 8 's 's POS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 123 9 economy economy NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 123 10 over over IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 123 11 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 123 12 past past JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 123 13 decade decade NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 123 14 has have VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 123 15 raised raise VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 123 16 asset asset NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 123 17 prices price NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 123 18 sharply sharply RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 123 19 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 124 1 This this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 124 2 growth growth NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 124 3 gives give VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 124 4 us -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 124 5 more more JJR cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 124 6 data data NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 124 7 sets set NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 124 8 we -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 124 9 can can MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 124 10 use use VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 124 11 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 124 12 explore explore VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 124 13 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 124 14 long long RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 124 15 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 124 16 run run NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 124 17 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 124 18 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 124 19 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 124 20 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 124 21 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 124 22 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 124 23 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 124 24 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 124 25 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 125 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 125 2 quarterly quarterly JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 125 3 indices index NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 125 4 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 125 5 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 125 6 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 125 7 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 125 8 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 125 9 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 125 10 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 125 11 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 125 12 March March NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 125 13 1995 1995 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 125 14 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 125 15 June June NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 125 16 2010 2010 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 125 17 were be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 125 18 collected collect VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 125 19 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 125 20 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 125 21 sources source NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 125 22 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 126 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 126 2 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 126 3 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 126 4 data datum NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 126 5 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 126 6 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 126 7 were be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 126 8 collected collect VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 126 9 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 126 10 National National NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 126 11 Housing Housing NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 126 12 Indices Indices NNPS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 126 13 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 126 14 published publish VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 126 15 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 126 16 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 126 17 National National NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 126 18 Statistical Statistical NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 126 19 Bureau Bureau NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 126 20 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 1 Data datum NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 2 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 3 South South NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 4 Korea Korea NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 5 were be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 6 collected collect VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 7 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 8 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 9 national national JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 10 average average NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 11 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 12 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 13 land land NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 14 value value NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 15 index index NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 16 published publish VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 17 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 18 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 19 Ministry Ministry NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 20 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 21 Construction Construction NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 22 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 23 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 24 housing housing NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 25 price price NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 26 indices index NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 27 were be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 28 obtained obtain VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 29 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 30 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 31 Korea Korea NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 32 Housing Housing NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 33 Bank Bank NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 127 34 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 1 Real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 2 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 3 data datum NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 4 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 5 Japan Japan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 6 uses use VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 7 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 8 publicly publicly RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 9 posted post VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 10 land land NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 11 value value NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 12 indices index NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 13 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 14 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 15 data datum NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 16 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 17 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 18 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 19 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 20 Singapore Singapore NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 21 were be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 22 collected collect VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 23 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 24 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 25 University University NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 26 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 27 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 28 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 29 Real Real NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 30 Estate Estate NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 31 Index Index NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 32 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 33 FTSE FTSE NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 35 Financial Financial NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 36 Times Times NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 37 Securities Securities NNPS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 38 Exchange Exchange NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 40 Real Real NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 41 Estate Estate NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 42 Index Index NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 43 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 44 respectively respectively RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 128 45 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 129 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 129 2 data datum NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 129 3 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 129 4 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 129 5 were be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 129 6 collected collect VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 129 7 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 129 8 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 129 9 Institute Institute NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 129 10 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 129 11 Physical Physical NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 129 12 Planning Planning NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 129 13 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 129 14 Information Information NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 129 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 129 16 IPPI IPPI NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 129 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 129 18 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 129 19 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 129 20 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 130 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 130 2 IPPI IPPI NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 130 3 also also RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 130 4 compiles compile VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 130 5 data datum NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 130 6 on on IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 130 7 international international JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 130 8 residential residential JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 130 9 prices price NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 130 10 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 130 11 rent rent VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 130 12 indices index NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 130 13 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 130 14 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 130 15 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 130 16 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 130 17 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 130 18 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 130 19 South South NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 130 20 Korea Korea NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 130 21 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 130 22 Singapore Singapore NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 130 23 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 130 24 Japan Japan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 130 25 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 130 26 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 130 27 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 130 28 United United NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 130 29 States States NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 130 30 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 1 Stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 2 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 3 indices index NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 4 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 5 including include VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 6 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 7 Shanghai Shanghai NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 8 Stock Stock NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 9 Exchange Exchange NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 10 Composite Composite NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 11 Index Index NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 13 SSEC SSEC NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 15 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 16 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 17 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 18 's 's POS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 19 Hang Hang NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 20 Seng Seng NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 21 Index Index NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 23 HHI HHI NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 25 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 26 Tokyo Tokyo NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 27 's 's POS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 28 Nikkei Nikkei NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 29 225 225 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 30 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 31 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 32 South South NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 33 Korea Korea NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 34 Seoul Seoul NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 35 Composite Composite NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 36 Index Index NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 38 KOSPI KOSPI NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 40 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 41 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 42 Singapore Singapore NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 43 Straits Straits NNPS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 44 Time Time NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 45 Index Index NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 46 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 47 STI STI NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 48 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 49 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 50 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 51 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 52 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 53 Weighted Weighted NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 54 Stock Stock NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 55 Index Index NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 56 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 57 TWSI TWSI NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 58 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 59 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 60 were be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 61 taken take VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 62 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 63 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 64 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 65 Economic Economic NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 66 Journal Journal NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 67 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 68 TEJ TEJ NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 69 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 70 database database NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 131 71 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 132 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 132 2 data datum NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 132 3 collected collect VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 132 4 covers cover VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 132 5 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 132 6 subprime subprime JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 132 7 mortgage mortgage NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 132 8 crisis crisis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 132 9 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 132 10 2008 2008 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 132 11 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 133 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 133 2 subprime subprime JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 133 3 crisis crisis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 133 4 had have VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 133 5 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 133 6 negative negative JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 133 7 impact impact NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 133 8 on on IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 133 9 all all DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 133 10 six six CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 133 11 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 133 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 133 13 as as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 133 14 shown show VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 133 15 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 133 16 Figs Figs NNPS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 133 17 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 134 1 1 1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 134 2 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 134 3 2 2 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 134 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 134 5 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 1 Due due IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 2 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 3 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 4 limited limited JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 5 data datum NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 6 after after IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 7 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 8 crisis crisis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 9 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 10 2008 2008 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 11 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 12 however however RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 13 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 14 we -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 15 do do VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 16 not not RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 17 attempt attempt VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 18 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 19 explore explore VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 20 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 21 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 22 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 23 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 24 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 25 assets asset NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 26 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 27 breaking break VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 28 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 29 whole whole JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 30 period period NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 31 into into IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 32 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 33 intervals interval NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 135 34 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 136 1 Such such JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 136 2 analysis analysis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 136 3 may may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 136 4 be be VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 136 5 conducted conduct VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 136 6 when when WRB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 136 7 more more JJR cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 136 8 data data NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 136 9 accumulates accumulate VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 136 10 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 136 11 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 136 12 future future NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 136 13 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 137 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 137 2 study study NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 137 3 began begin VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 137 4 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 137 5 first first RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 137 6 examining examine VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 137 7 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 137 8 stationarity stationarity NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 137 9 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 137 10 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 137 11 time time NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 137 12 series series NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 137 13 data data NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 137 14 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 138 1 A a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 138 2 series series NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 138 3 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 138 4 non non JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 138 5 - - JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 138 6 stationary stationary JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 138 7 if if IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 138 8 it -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 138 9 has have VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 138 10 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 138 11 unit unit NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 138 12 root root NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 138 13 process process NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 138 14 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 139 1 A a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 139 2 non non JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 139 3 - - JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 139 4 stationary stationary JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 139 5 series series NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 139 6 may may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 139 7 become become VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 139 8 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 139 9 stationary stationary JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 139 10 one one NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 139 11 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 139 12 differentiating differentiate VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 139 13 it -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 139 14 " " `` cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 139 15 t t NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 139 16 " " '' cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 139 17 times time NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 139 18 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 140 1 Then then RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 140 2 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 140 3 series series NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 140 4 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 140 5 integrated integrate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 140 6 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 140 7 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 140 8 order order NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 140 9 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 140 10 " " `` cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 140 11 t t NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 140 12 " " '' cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 140 13 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 1 To to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 2 ensure ensure VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 3 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 5 series series NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 6 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 7 integrated integrate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 8 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 9 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 10 same same JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 11 degree degree NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 12 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 13 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 14 Augmented Augmented NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 15 Dickey Dickey NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 16 Fuller Fuller NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 18 ADF ADF NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 20 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 21 Phillips Phillips NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 22 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 23 Perron Perron NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 25 PP PP NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 27 approaches approach NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 28 were be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 29 employed employ VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 30 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 31 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 32 unit unit NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 33 root root NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 34 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 141 35 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 142 1 For for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 142 2 robustness robustness NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 142 3 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 142 4 we -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 142 5 also also RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 142 6 adopted adopt VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 142 7 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 142 8 Kwiatkowski Kwiatkowski NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 142 9 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 142 10 Phillips Phillips NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 142 11 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 142 12 Schmidt Schmidt NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 142 13 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 142 14 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 142 15 Shin Shin NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 142 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 142 17 1992 1992 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 142 18 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 142 19 KPSS KPSS NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 142 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 142 21 approach approach NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 142 22 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 143 1 For for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 143 2 each each DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 143 3 approach approach NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 143 4 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 143 5 we -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 143 6 tested test VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 143 7 unit unit NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 143 8 root root NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 143 9 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 143 10 intercept intercept NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 143 11 or or CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 143 12 intercept intercept VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 143 13 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 143 14 trend trend VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 143 15 based base VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 143 16 on on IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 143 17 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 143 18 time time NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 143 19 trend trend NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 143 20 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 143 21 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 143 22 series series NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 143 23 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 2 model model NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 3 specifications specification NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 4 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 5 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 6 approaches approach NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 7 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 8 expressed express VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 9 as as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 10 follows follow VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 11 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 12 where where WRB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 13 Y Y NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 14 t t NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 15 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 16 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 17 natural natural JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 18 logarithm logarithm NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 19 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 20 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 21 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 22 index index NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 23 or or CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 24 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 25 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 26 index index NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 27 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 28 α α NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 29 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 30 drift drift NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 31 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 32 β β NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 33 t t NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 34 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 35 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 36 time time NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 37 trend trend NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 38 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 39 p p NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 40 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 41 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 42 lag lag JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 43 term term NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 44 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 45 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 46 ε ε NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 47 t t NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 48 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 49 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 50 error error NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 51 term term NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 144 52 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 145 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 145 2 null null JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 145 3 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 145 4 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 145 5 either either CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 145 6 ADF ADF NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 145 7 or or CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 145 8 PP PP NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 145 9 method method NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 145 10 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 145 11 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 145 12 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 145 13 series series NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 145 14 has have VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 145 15 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 145 16 unit unit NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 145 17 root root NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 145 18 process process NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 145 19 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 146 1 If if IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 146 2 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 146 3 null null JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 146 4 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 146 5 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 146 6 rejected reject VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 146 7 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 146 8 then then RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 146 9 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 146 10 series series NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 146 11 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 146 12 not not RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 146 13 stationary stationary JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 146 14 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 147 1 Contrary contrary JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 147 2 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 147 3 ADF ADF NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 147 4 or or CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 147 5 PP PP NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 147 6 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 147 7 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 147 8 null null JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 147 9 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 147 10 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 147 11 KPSS KPSS NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 147 12 method method NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 147 13 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 147 14 stationary stationary JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 147 15 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 148 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 148 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 148 3 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 148 4 series series NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 148 5 has have VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 148 6 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 148 7 unit unit NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 148 8 root root NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 148 9 process process NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 148 10 if if IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 148 11 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 148 12 null null JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 148 13 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 148 14 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 148 15 rejected reject VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 148 16 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 149 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 149 2 then then RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 149 3 employed employ VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 149 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 149 5 Johansen Johansen NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 149 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 149 7 1988 1988 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 149 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 149 9 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 149 10 Johansen Johansen NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 149 11 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 149 12 Juselius Juselius NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 150 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 150 2 1990 1990 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 150 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 150 4 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 150 5 approaches approach VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 150 6 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 150 7 examine examine VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 150 8 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 150 9 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 150 10 integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 150 11 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 2 related related JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 3 model model NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 4 specification specification NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 5 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 6 listed list VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 7 as as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 8 follows follow VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 9 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 10 where where WRB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 11 ΔY ΔY NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 12 t t NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 13 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 14 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 15 first first JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 16 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 17 difference difference NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 18 time time NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 19 series series NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 20 vector vector NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 21 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 22 A a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 23 0 0 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 24 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 25 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 26 constant constant JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 27 vector vector NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 28 ; ; : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 29 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 30 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 31 ε ε NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 32 t t NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 33 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 34 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 35 column column NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 36 vector vector NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 37 Gaussian gaussian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 38 noise noise NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 39 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 40 zero zero CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 41 mean mean NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 42 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 43 finite finite JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 44 variance variance NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 151 45 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 152 1 Johansen Johansen NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 152 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 152 3 1988 1988 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 152 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 152 5 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 152 6 Johansen Johansen NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 152 7 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 152 8 Juselius Juselius NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 152 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 152 10 1990 1990 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 152 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 152 12 proposed propose VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 152 13 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 152 14 likelihood likelihood NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 152 15 ratio ratio NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 152 16 techniques technique NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 152 17 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 152 18 determine determine VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 152 19 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 152 20 number number NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 152 21 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 152 22 co co JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 152 23 - - NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 152 24 integration integration JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 152 25 vectors vector NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 152 26 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 1 These these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 2 techniques technique NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 3 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 4 trace trace NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 5 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 6 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 7 maximum maximum JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 8 eigen eigen JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 9 value value NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 10 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 11 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 12 which which WDT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 13 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 14 expressed express VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 15 as as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 16 follows follow VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 17 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 18 where where WRB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 19 − − NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 20 T T NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 21 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 22 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 23 number number NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 24 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 25 observations observation NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 26 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 27 λ λ NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 28 i i PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 29 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 30 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 31 ith ith RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 32 largest large JJS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 33 eigen eigen JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 34 value value NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 35 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 36 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 37 r r NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 38 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 39 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 40 number number NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 41 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 42 cointegrations cointegration NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 153 43 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 154 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 154 2 null null JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 154 3 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 154 4 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 154 5 trace trace NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 154 6 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 154 7 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 154 8 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 154 9 there there EX cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 154 10 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 154 11 at at IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 154 12 most most JJS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 154 13 r r NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 154 14 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 154 15 vectors vector NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 154 16 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 155 1 That that RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 155 2 is is RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 155 3 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 155 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 155 5 number number NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 155 6 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 155 7 co co JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 155 8 - - NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 155 9 integration integration JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 155 10 vectors vector NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 155 11 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 155 12 less less JJR cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 155 13 than than IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 155 14 or or CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 155 15 equal equal JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 155 16 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 155 17 r. r. NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 156 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 156 2 null null JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 156 3 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 156 4 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 156 5 maximum maximum JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 156 6 eigen eigen JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 156 7 value value NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 156 8 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 156 9 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 156 10 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 156 11 there there EX cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 156 12 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 156 13 r r LS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 156 14 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 156 15 vectors vector NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 156 16 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 157 1 For for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 157 2 both both DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 157 3 tests test NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 157 4 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 157 5 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 157 6 alternative alternative JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 157 7 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 157 8 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 157 9 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 157 10 there there EX cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 157 11 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 157 12 g g NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 157 13 N n NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 157 14 r r NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 157 15 co co NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 157 16 - - NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 157 17 integration integration JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 157 18 vectors vector NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 157 19 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 1 To to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 2 determine determine VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 3 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 4 optimal optimal NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 5 lag lag NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 6 length length NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 7 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 8 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 9 Johansen Johansen NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 10 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 11 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 12 we -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 13 began begin VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 14 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 15 eight eight CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 16 lags lag NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 17 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 18 each each DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 19 equation equation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 20 as as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 21 an an DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 22 unrestricted unrestricted JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 23 model model NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 24 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 25 estimated estimate VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 26 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 27 variance variance NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 28 / / SYM cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 29 covariance covariance NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 30 matrix matrix NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 31 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 32 residuals residual NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 158 33 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 159 1 Then then RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 159 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 159 3 used use VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 159 4 shorter short JJR cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 159 5 lag lag VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 159 6 lengths length NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 159 7 as as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 159 8 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 159 9 restricted restricted JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 159 10 model model NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 159 11 again again RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 159 12 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 159 13 estimate estimate VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 159 14 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 159 15 variance variance NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 159 16 / / SYM cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 159 17 covariance covariance NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 159 18 matrix matrix NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 159 19 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 159 20 residuals residual NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 159 21 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 1 Following follow VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 2 Sims sim NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 4 1980 1980 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 6 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 7 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 8 optimal optimal NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 9 lag lag NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 10 lengths length NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 11 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 12 determined determine VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 13 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 14 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 15 following following JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 16 formula formula NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 17 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 18 where where WRB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 19 Σ Σ NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 20 u u NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 21 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 22 Σ Σ NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 23 r r NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 24 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 25 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 26 variance variance NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 27 / / SYM cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 28 covariance covariance NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 29 matrices matrix NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 30 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 31 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 32 unrestricted unrestricted JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 33 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 34 restricted restrict VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 35 models model NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 36 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 37 respectively respectively RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 160 38 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 161 1 T T NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 161 2 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 161 3 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 161 4 number number NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 161 5 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 161 6 observations observation NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 161 7 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 161 8 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 161 9 c c NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 161 10 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 161 11 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 161 12 number number NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 161 13 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 161 14 parameters parameter NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 161 15 estimated estimate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 161 16 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 161 17 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 161 18 unrestricted unrestricted JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 161 19 model model NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 161 20 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 162 1 Thus thus RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 162 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 162 3 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 162 4 optimal optimal JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 162 5 lag lag NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 162 6 length length NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 162 7 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 162 8 1 1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 162 9 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 162 10 four four CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 162 11 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 162 12 six six CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 162 13 economies economy NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 162 14 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 162 15 including include VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 162 16 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 162 17 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 162 18 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 162 19 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 162 20 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 162 21 Singapore Singapore NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 162 22 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 162 23 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 162 24 South South NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 162 25 Korea Korea NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 162 26 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 163 1 However however RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 163 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 163 3 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 163 4 Japan Japan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 163 5 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 163 6 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 163 7 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 163 8 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 163 9 optimal optimal NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 163 10 lag lag NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 163 11 lengths length NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 163 12 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 163 13 2 2 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 163 14 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 164 1 According accord VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 164 2 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 164 3 previous previous JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 164 4 studies study NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 164 5 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 164 6 if if IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 164 7 one one CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 164 8 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 164 9 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 164 10 not not RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 164 11 cointegrated cointegrate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 164 12 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 164 13 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 164 14 other other JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 164 15 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 164 16 then then RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 164 17 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 164 18 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 164 19 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 164 20 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 164 21 segmented segmented JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 164 22 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 165 1 However however RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 165 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 165 3 Okunev Okunev NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 165 4 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 165 5 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 165 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 165 7 1997 1997 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 165 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 165 9 argue argue VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 165 10 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 165 11 this this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 165 12 conclusion conclusion NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 165 13 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 165 14 based base VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 165 15 on on IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 165 16 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 165 17 assumption assumption NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 165 18 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 165 19 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 165 20 series series NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 165 21 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 165 22 both both DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 165 23 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 165 24 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 165 25 linearly linearly RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 165 26 related relate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 165 27 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 166 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 166 2 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 166 3 possible possible JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 166 4 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 166 5 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 166 6 nonlinearity nonlinearity NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 166 7 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 166 8 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 166 9 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 166 10 series series NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 166 11 resulted result VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 166 12 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 166 13 rejection rejection NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 166 14 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 166 15 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 166 16 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 166 17 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 166 18 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 3 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 4 addition addition NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 5 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 6 segmentation segmentation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 7 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 8 integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 9 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 10 Okunev Okunev NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 11 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 12 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 14 1997 1997 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 16 proposed propose VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 17 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 18 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 19 degree degree NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 20 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 21 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 22 integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 23 might may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 24 be be VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 25 fractional fractional JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 26 if if IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 27 there there EX cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 28 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 29 no no DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 30 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 31 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 32 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 33 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 34 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 35 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 167 36 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 168 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 168 2 developed develop VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 168 3 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 168 4 nonlinear nonlinear JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 168 5 model model NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 168 6 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 168 7 measure measure VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 168 8 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 168 9 degree degree NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 168 10 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 168 11 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 168 12 integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 168 13 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 169 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 169 2 nonlinear nonlinear JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 169 3 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 169 4 model model NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 169 5 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 169 6 expressed express VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 169 7 as as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 169 8 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 169 9 log log NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 169 10 Rðt Rðt NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 169 11 + + SYM cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 169 12 1Þ 1þ NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 169 13 RðtÞ rðtþ NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 169 14 = = NFP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 170 1 γ γ NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 170 2 0 0 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 170 3 + + SYM cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 170 4 γ γ NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 170 5 1 1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 170 6 Sðt Sðt NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 170 7 + + SYM cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 170 8 1Þ 1þ CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 170 9 SðtÞ SðtÞ NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 170 10 + + CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 170 11 γ γ NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 170 12 2 2 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 170 13 SðtÞ SðtÞ NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 170 14 + + CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 170 15 γ γ NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 170 16 3 3 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 170 17 logRðtÞ logRðtÞ NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 170 18 + + . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 1 eðtÞ eðtÞ NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 2 ð ð NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 3 7Þ 7þ CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 4 where where WRB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 5 R(t R(t NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 7 presents present VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 8 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 9 value value NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 10 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 11 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 12 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 13 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 14 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 15 index index NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 16 at at IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 17 time time NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 18 t t NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 19 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 20 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 21 S(t S(t NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 23 stands stand VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 24 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 25 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 26 value value NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 27 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 28 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 29 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 30 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 31 index index NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 171 32 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 2 coefficient coefficient NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 3 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 4 γ γ NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 5 1 1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 6 allows allow VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 7 us -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 8 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 9 test test VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 10 whether whether IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 11 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 12 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 13 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 14 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 15 segmented segmented JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 17 γ γ NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 18 1 1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 19 = = SYM cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 20 0 0 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 22 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 23 fractionally fractionally RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 24 cointegrated cointegrate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 26 0 0 NFP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 27 b b NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 28 γ γ NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 29 1 1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 30 b b NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 31 1 1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 33 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 34 or or CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 35 linear linear NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 37 γ γ NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 38 1 1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 39 = = SYM cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 40 1 1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 172 42 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 173 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 173 2 coefficient coefficient NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 173 3 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 173 4 γ γ NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 173 5 2 2 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 173 6 measures measure NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 173 7 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 173 8 change change NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 173 9 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 173 10 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 173 11 mean mean JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 173 12 reversion reversion NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 173 13 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 173 14 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 173 15 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 173 16 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 173 17 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 173 18 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 173 19 index index NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 173 20 towards towards IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 173 21 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 173 22 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 173 23 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 173 24 index index NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 173 25 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 174 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 174 2 coefficient coefficient NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 174 3 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 174 4 γ γ NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 174 5 3 3 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 174 6 represents represent VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 174 7 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 174 8 speed speed NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 174 9 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 174 10 adjustment adjustment NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 174 11 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 174 12 mean mean JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 174 13 reversion reversion NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 174 14 towards towards IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 174 15 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 174 16 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 174 17 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 174 18 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 175 1 According accord VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 175 2 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 175 3 Okunev Okunev NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 175 4 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 175 5 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 175 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 175 7 1997 1997 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 175 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 175 9 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 175 10 if if IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 175 11 there there EX cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 175 12 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 175 13 no no DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 175 14 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 175 15 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 175 16 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 175 17 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 175 18 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 175 19 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 175 20 then then RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 175 21 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 175 22 nonlinear nonlinear JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 175 23 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 175 24 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 175 25 can can MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 175 26 still still RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 175 27 be be VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 175 28 performed perform VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 175 29 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 176 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 176 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 176 3 if if IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 176 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 176 5 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 176 6 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 176 7 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 176 8 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 176 9 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 176 10 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 176 11 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 176 12 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 176 13 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 176 14 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 176 15 not not RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 176 16 observed observe VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 176 17 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 176 18 nonlinear nonlinear JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 176 19 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 176 20 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 176 21 can can MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 176 22 be be VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 176 23 conducted conduct VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 176 24 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 176 25 examine examine VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 176 26 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 176 27 fractional fractional JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 176 28 integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 176 29 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 177 1 If if IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 177 2 there there EX cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 177 3 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 177 4 fractional fractional JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 177 5 integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 177 6 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 177 7 then then RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 177 8 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 177 9 coefficient coefficient NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 177 10 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 177 11 γ γ NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 177 12 1 1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 177 13 will will MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 177 14 be be VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 177 15 significantly significantly RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 177 16 different different JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 177 17 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 177 18 zero zero CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 177 19 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 177 20 one one CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 177 21 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 178 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 178 2 performed perform VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 178 3 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 178 4 Granger Granger NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 178 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 178 6 1969 1969 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 178 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 178 8 causality causality NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 178 9 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 178 10 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 178 11 examine examine VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 178 12 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 178 13 causal causal JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 178 14 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 178 15 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 178 16 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 178 17 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 178 18 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 178 19 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 178 20 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 178 21 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 178 22 based base VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 178 23 on on IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 178 24 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 178 25 bi bi JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 178 26 - - JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 178 27 variate variate JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 178 28 VAR var NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 178 29 model model NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 178 30 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 2 specifications specification NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 3 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 5 causality causality NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 6 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 7 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 8 as as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 9 follows follow VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 10 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 11 where where WRB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 12 γ γ NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 13 1 1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 14 t t NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 15 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 16 γ γ NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 17 2 2 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 18 t t NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 19 denote denote VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 20 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 21 natural natural JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 22 logarithm logarithm NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 23 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 24 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 25 index index NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 26 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 27 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 28 natural natural JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 29 logarithm logarithm NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 30 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 31 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 32 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 33 index index NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 34 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 35 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 36 γ γ NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 37 1 1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 38 t t NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 39 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 40 ε ε NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 41 2 2 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 42 t t NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 43 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 44 assumed assume VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 45 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 46 be be VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 47 Gaussian gaussian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 48 white white JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 49 noise noise NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 50 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 51 zero zero CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 52 mean mean NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 53 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 54 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 55 finite finite JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 56 covariance covariance NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 57 matrix matrix NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 179 58 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 180 1 If if IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 180 2 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 180 3 null null JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 180 4 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 180 5 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 180 6 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 180 7 coefficients coefficient NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 180 8 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 180 9 α α NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 180 10 2i 2i CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 180 11 = = SYM cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 180 12 0 0 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 180 13 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 180 14 rejected reject VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 180 15 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 180 16 it -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 180 17 suggests suggest VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 180 18 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 180 19 γ γ NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 180 20 2 2 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 180 21 t t NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 180 22 Granger Granger NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 180 23 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 180 24 causes cause VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 180 25 γ γ NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 180 26 1 1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 180 27 t t NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 180 28 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 181 1 Conversely conversely RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 181 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 181 3 if if IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 181 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 181 5 null null JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 181 6 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 181 7 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 181 8 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 181 9 coefficients coefficient NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 181 10 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 181 11 β β NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 181 12 1i 1i NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 181 13 = = SYM cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 181 14 0 0 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 181 15 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 181 16 rejected reject VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 181 17 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 181 18 it -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 181 19 implies imply VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 181 20 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 181 21 γ γ NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 181 22 1 1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 181 23 t t NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 181 24 Granger Granger NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 181 25 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 181 26 causes cause VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 181 27 γ γ NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 181 28 2 2 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 181 29 t t NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 181 30 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 182 1 However however RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 182 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 182 3 if if IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 182 4 both both DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 182 5 coefficients coefficient NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 182 6 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 182 7 α α NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 182 8 2i 2i CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 182 9 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 182 10 β β NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 182 11 1i 1i CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 182 12 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 182 13 significantly significantly RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 182 14 different different JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 182 15 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 182 16 zero zero CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 182 17 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 182 18 there there EX cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 182 19 exists exist VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 182 20 feedback feedback NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 182 21 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 182 22 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 182 23 γ γ NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 182 24 1 1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 182 25 t t NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 182 26 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 182 27 γ γ NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 182 28 2 2 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 182 29 t t NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 182 30 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 183 1 Table table NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 183 2 1 1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 183 3 shows show VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 183 4 descriptive descriptive JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 183 5 statistics statistic NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 183 6 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 183 7 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 183 8 returns return NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 183 9 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 183 10 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 183 11 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 183 12 returns return NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 183 13 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 183 14 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 183 15 six six CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 183 16 Asian asian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 183 17 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 183 18 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 184 1 Panel Panel NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 184 2 A a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 184 3 presents present VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 184 4 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 184 5 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 184 6 returns return NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 184 7 during during IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 184 8 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 184 9 sample sample NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 184 10 period period NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 184 11 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 185 1 Except except IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 185 2 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 185 3 Japan Japan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 185 4 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 185 5 all all DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 185 6 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 185 7 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 185 8 average average JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 185 9 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 185 10 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 185 11 returns return NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 185 12 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 185 13 positive positive JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 185 14 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 185 15 ranging range VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 185 16 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 185 17 0.19 0.19 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 185 18 % % NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 185 19 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 185 20 2.15 2.15 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 185 21 % % NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 185 22 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 185 23 each each DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 185 24 year year NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 185 25 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 186 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 186 2 found find VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 186 3 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 186 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 186 5 average average JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 186 6 return return NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 186 7 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 186 8 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 186 9 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 186 10 2.15 2.15 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 186 11 % % NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 186 12 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 186 13 outperforming outperform VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 186 14 other other JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 186 15 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 186 16 during during IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 186 17 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 186 18 sample sample NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 186 19 period period NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 186 20 due due IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 186 21 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 186 22 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 186 23 's 's POS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 186 24 rapid rapid JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 186 25 growth growth NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 186 26 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 187 1 Stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 187 2 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 187 3 returns return NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 187 4 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 187 5 South South NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 187 6 Korea Korea NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 187 7 were be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 187 8 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 187 9 most most RBS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 187 10 volatile volatile JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 187 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 187 12 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 187 13 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 187 14 standard standard JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 187 15 deviation deviation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 187 16 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 187 17 18.65 18.65 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 187 18 % % NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 187 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 187 20 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 188 1 Investors investor NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 188 2 could could MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 188 3 gain gain VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 188 4 about about IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 188 5 59.47 59.47 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 188 6 % % NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 188 7 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 188 8 but but CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 188 9 also also RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 188 10 could could MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 188 11 lose lose VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 188 12 54.21 54.21 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 188 13 % % NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 188 14 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 188 15 South South NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 188 16 Korea Korea NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 188 17 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 189 1 Due due IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 189 2 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 189 3 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 189 4 acute acute JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 189 5 impact impact NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 189 6 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 189 7 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 189 8 Asian asian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 189 9 financial financial JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 189 10 crisis crisis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 189 11 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 189 12 1997 1997 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 189 13 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 189 14 both both CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 189 15 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 189 16 highest high JJS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 189 17 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 189 18 lowest low JJS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 189 19 returns return NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 189 20 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 189 21 observed observe VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 189 22 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 189 23 South South NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 189 24 Korea Korea NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 189 25 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 190 1 Other other JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 190 2 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 190 3 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 190 4 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 190 5 Asia Asia NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 190 6 appear appear VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 190 7 relatively relatively RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 190 8 stable stable JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 190 9 compared compare VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 190 10 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 190 11 South South NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 190 12 Korea Korea NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 190 13 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 191 1 Panel panel NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 191 2 B B NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 191 3 shows show VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 191 4 Asian asian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 191 5 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 191 6 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 191 7 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 191 8 returns return NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 191 9 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 192 1 In in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 192 2 contrast contrast NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 192 3 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 192 4 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 192 5 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 192 6 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 192 7 Asian asian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 192 8 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 192 9 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 192 10 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 192 11 performed perform VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 192 12 quite quite RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 192 13 poorly poorly RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 192 14 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 193 1 Average average JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 193 2 returns return NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 193 3 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 193 4 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 193 5 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 193 6 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 193 7 ranged range VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 193 8 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 193 9 − − CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 193 10 2.56 2.56 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 193 11 % % NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 193 12 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 193 13 0.74 0.74 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 193 14 % % NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 193 15 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 194 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 194 2 highest high JJS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 194 3 average average JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 194 4 return return NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 194 5 was be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 194 6 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 194 7 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 194 8 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 194 9 at at IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 194 10 0.08 0.08 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 194 11 % % NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 194 12 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 194 13 indicating indicate VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 194 14 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 194 15 effects effect NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 194 16 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 194 17 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 194 18 series series NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 194 19 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 194 20 reforms reform NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 194 21 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 194 22 growth growth NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 194 23 on on IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 194 24 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 194 25 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 194 26 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 194 27 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 194 28 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 195 1 In in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 195 2 addition addition NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 195 3 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 195 4 lower low JJR cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 195 5 returns return NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 195 6 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 195 7 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 195 8 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 195 9 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 195 10 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 195 11 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 195 12 economies economy NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 195 13 generally generally RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 195 14 shows show VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 195 15 less less JJR cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 195 16 variation variation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 195 17 than than IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 195 18 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 195 19 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 195 20 did do VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 195 21 during during IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 195 22 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 195 23 1995 1995 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 195 24 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 195 25 2010 2010 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 195 26 period period NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 195 27 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 1 Of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 2 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 3 six six CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 4 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 5 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 6 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 7 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 8 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 9 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 10 had have VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 11 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 12 largest large JJS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 13 quarterly quarterly JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 14 standard standard JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 15 deviation deviation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 17 7.38 7.38 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 18 % % NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 20 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 21 perhaps perhaps RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 22 due due IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 23 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 24 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 25 handover handover NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 26 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 27 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 28 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 29 1997 1997 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 30 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 31 whereas whereas IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 32 Japan Japan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 33 had have VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 34 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 35 smallest small JJS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 36 variation variation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 38 1.07 1.07 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 39 % % NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 41 as as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 42 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 43 result result NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 44 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 45 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 46 long long JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 47 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 48 term term NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 49 slump slump NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 50 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 51 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 52 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 196 53 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 197 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 197 2 standard standard JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 197 3 deviations deviation NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 197 4 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 197 5 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 197 6 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 197 7 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 197 8 returns return NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 197 9 were be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 197 10 all all DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 197 11 within within IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 197 12 5 5 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 197 13 % % NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 197 14 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 197 15 except except IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 197 16 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 197 17 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 197 18 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 197 19 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 197 20 Singapore Singapore NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 197 21 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 1 This this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 2 study study NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 3 used use VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 5 Augmented augment VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 6 Dickey Dickey NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 7 Fuller Fuller NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 9 ADF ADF NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 11 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 12 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 13 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 14 Phillips Phillips NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 15 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 16 Perron Perron NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 18 PP PP NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 20 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 21 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 22 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 23 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 24 Kwiatkowski Kwiatkowski NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 25 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 26 Phillips Phillips NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 27 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 28 Schmidt Schmidt NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 29 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 30 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 31 Shin Shin NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 33 1992 1992 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 34 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 35 KPSS KPSS NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 37 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 38 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 39 examine examine VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 40 whether whether IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 41 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 42 sample sample NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 43 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 44 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 45 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 46 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 47 series series NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 48 were be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 49 stationary stationary JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 198 50 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 199 1 As as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 199 2 mentioned mention VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 199 3 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 199 4 we -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 199 5 tested test VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 199 6 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 199 7 unit unit NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 199 8 root root NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 199 9 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 199 10 either either CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 199 11 intercept intercept VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 199 12 or or CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 199 13 intercept intercept VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 199 14 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 199 15 trend trend VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 199 16 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 200 1 If if IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 200 2 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 200 3 series series NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 200 4 showed show VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 200 5 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 200 6 time time NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 200 7 trend trend NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 200 8 either either CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 200 9 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 200 10 Fig Fig NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 200 11 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 201 1 1 1 LS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 201 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 201 3 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 201 4 movements movement NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 201 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 201 6 or or CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 201 7 Fig Fig NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 201 8 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 202 1 2 2 LS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 202 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 202 3 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 202 4 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 202 5 movements movement NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 202 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 203 1 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 203 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 203 3 then then RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 203 4 tested test VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 203 5 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 203 6 series series NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 203 7 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 203 8 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 203 9 trend trend NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 203 10 ; ; : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 203 11 otherwise otherwise RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 203 12 we -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 203 13 adopted adopt VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 203 14 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 203 15 method method NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 203 16 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 203 17 intercept intercept NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 203 18 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 204 1 Stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 204 2 indices index NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 204 3 show show VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 204 4 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 204 5 time time NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 204 6 trend trend NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 204 7 everywhere everywhere RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 204 8 except except IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 204 9 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 204 10 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 204 11 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 205 1 Real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 205 2 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 205 3 indices index NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 205 4 show show VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 205 5 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 205 6 time time NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 205 7 trend trend NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 205 8 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 205 9 Japan Japan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 205 10 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 205 11 South South NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 205 12 Korea Korea NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 205 13 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 205 14 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 205 15 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 205 16 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 206 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 206 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 206 3 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 206 4 series series NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 206 5 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 206 6 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 206 7 trend trend NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 206 8 were be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 206 9 tested test VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 206 10 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 207 1 To to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 207 2 eliminate eliminate VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 207 3 series series NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 207 4 auto auto NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 207 5 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 207 6 correlation correlation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 207 7 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 207 8 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 207 9 optimal optimal NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 207 10 lags lag NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 207 11 were be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 207 12 selected select VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 207 13 according accord VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 207 14 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 207 15 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 207 16 minimum minimum JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 207 17 AIC AIC NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 207 18 criteria criterion NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 207 19 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 208 1 Panel Panel NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 208 2 A A NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 208 3 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 208 4 Table Table NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 208 5 2 2 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 208 6 shows show VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 208 7 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 208 8 results result NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 208 9 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 208 10 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 208 11 unit unit NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 208 12 root root NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 208 13 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 208 14 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 208 15 Asian asian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 208 16 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 208 17 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 208 18 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 2 found find VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 3 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 5 null null JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 6 hypotheses hypothesis NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 7 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 8 both both CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 9 ADF ADF NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 10 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 11 PP PP NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 12 tests test NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 13 were be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 14 not not RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 15 rejected reject VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 16 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 17 but but CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 18 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 19 null null JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 20 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 21 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 22 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 23 KPSS KPSS NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 24 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 25 was be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 26 rejected reject VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 27 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 28 indicating indicate VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 29 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 30 all all PDT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 31 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 32 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 33 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 34 indices index NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 35 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 36 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 37 sample sample NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 38 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 39 non non JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 40 - - JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 41 stationary stationary JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 42 series series NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 209 43 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 210 1 Panel panel NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 210 2 B B NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 210 3 shows show VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 210 4 results result NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 210 5 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 210 6 Asian asian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 210 7 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 210 8 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 210 9 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 210 10 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 211 1 As as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 211 2 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 211 3 panel panel NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 211 4 A A NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 211 5 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 211 6 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 211 7 results result NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 211 8 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 211 9 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 211 10 ADF ADF NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 211 11 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 211 12 PP PP NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 211 13 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 211 14 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 211 15 KPSS KPSS NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 211 16 tests test NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 211 17 indicate indicate VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 211 18 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 211 19 all all PDT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 211 20 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 211 21 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 211 22 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 211 23 indices index NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 211 24 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 211 25 non non JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 211 26 - - JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 211 27 stationary stationary JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 211 28 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 212 1 However however RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 212 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 212 3 although although IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 212 4 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 212 5 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 212 6 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 212 7 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 212 8 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 212 9 indices index NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 212 10 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 212 11 stationary stationary JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 212 12 before before IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 212 13 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 212 14 first first JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 212 15 difference difference NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 212 16 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 212 17 it -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 212 18 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 212 19 worth worth JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 212 20 noting note VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 212 21 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 212 22 they -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 212 23 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 212 24 all all RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 212 25 integrated integrate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 212 26 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 212 27 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 212 28 same same JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 212 29 degree degree NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 212 30 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 213 1 Table table NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 213 2 3 3 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 213 3 exhibits exhibit VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 213 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 213 5 unit unit NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 213 6 root root NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 213 7 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 213 8 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 213 9 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 213 10 first first JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 213 11 difference difference NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 213 12 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 214 1 All all DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 214 2 series series NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 214 3 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 214 4 both both DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 214 5 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 214 6 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 214 7 indices index NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 214 8 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 214 9 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 214 10 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 214 11 indices index NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 214 12 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 214 13 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 214 14 I -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 214 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 214 16 1 1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 214 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 214 18 series series NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 214 19 indicating indicate VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 214 20 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 214 21 they -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 214 22 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 214 23 stationary stationary JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 214 24 after after IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 214 25 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 214 26 first first JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 214 27 difference difference NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 214 28 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 215 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 215 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 215 3 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 215 4 Johansen Johansen NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 215 5 co co NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 215 6 - - NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 215 7 integration integration JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 215 8 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 215 9 could could MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 215 10 be be VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 215 11 further further RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 215 12 conducted conduct VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 215 13 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 216 1 Table table NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 216 2 4 4 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 216 3 illustrates illustrate VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 216 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 216 5 results result NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 216 6 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 216 7 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 216 8 Johansen Johansen NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 216 9 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 216 10 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 216 11 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 216 12 where where WRB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 216 13 Panel Panel NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 216 14 A A NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 216 15 reports report VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 216 16 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 216 17 trace trace NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 216 18 statistics statistic NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 216 19 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 216 20 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 216 21 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 216 22 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 216 23 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 2 find find VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 3 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 5 null null JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 6 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 7 r r NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 8 = = SYM cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 9 0 0 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 10 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 11 not not RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 12 rejected reject VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 13 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 14 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 15 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 16 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 17 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 18 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 19 South South NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 20 Korea Korea NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 21 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 22 Singapore Singapore NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 23 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 24 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 25 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 26 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 27 but but CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 28 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 29 rejected reject VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 30 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 31 Japan Japan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 217 32 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 1 This this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 2 indicates indicate VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 3 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 4 there there EX cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 5 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 6 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 7 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 8 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 9 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 10 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 11 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 12 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 13 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 14 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 15 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 16 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 17 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 18 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 19 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 20 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 21 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 22 will will MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 23 reach reach VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 24 equilibrium equilibrium NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 25 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 26 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 27 long long JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 28 run run NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 29 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 30 Japan Japan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 218 31 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 219 1 Other other JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 219 2 economies economy NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 219 3 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 219 4 such such JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 219 5 as as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 219 6 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 219 7 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 219 8 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 219 9 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 219 10 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 219 11 South South NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 219 12 Korea Korea NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 219 13 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 219 14 Singapore Singapore NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 219 15 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 219 16 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 219 17 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 219 18 do do VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 219 19 not not RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 219 20 show show VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 219 21 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 219 22 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 219 23 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 219 24 since since IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 219 25 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 219 26 null null JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 219 27 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 220 1 r r LS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 220 2 = = SYM cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 220 3 0 0 NFP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 220 4 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 220 5 not not RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 220 6 rejected reject VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 220 7 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 220 8 indicating indicate VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 220 9 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 220 10 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 220 11 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 220 12 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 220 13 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 220 14 segmented segment VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 220 15 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 220 16 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 220 17 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 220 18 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 220 19 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 220 20 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 220 21 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 220 22 economies economy NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 220 23 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 221 1 Panel panel NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 221 2 B B NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 221 3 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 221 4 Table Table NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 221 5 4 4 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 221 6 shows show VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 221 7 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 221 8 maximum maximum JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 221 9 eigen eigen JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 221 10 value value NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 221 11 statistics statistic NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 221 12 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 221 13 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 221 14 co co NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 221 15 - - NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 221 16 integration integration JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 221 17 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 221 18 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 222 1 These these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 222 2 results result NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 222 3 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 222 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 222 5 same same JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 222 6 as as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 222 7 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 222 8 trace trace NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 222 9 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 222 10 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 222 11 panel panel NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 222 12 A. a. NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 223 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 223 2 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 223 3 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 223 4 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 223 5 integrated integrate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 223 6 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 223 7 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 223 8 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 223 9 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 223 10 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 223 11 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 223 12 Japan Japan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 223 13 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 223 14 but but CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 223 15 segmented segment VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 223 16 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 223 17 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 223 18 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 223 19 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 223 20 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 223 21 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 223 22 other other JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 223 23 economies economy NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 223 24 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 1 In in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 2 Table Table NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 3 4 4 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 4 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 5 we -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 6 found find VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 7 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 8 five five CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 9 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 10 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 11 six six CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 12 economies economy NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 14 all all DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 15 except except IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 16 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 17 Japan Japan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 19 do do VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 20 not not RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 21 show show VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 22 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 23 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 24 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 25 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 26 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 27 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 28 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 29 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 30 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 224 31 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 225 1 This this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 225 2 result result NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 225 3 indicates indicate VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 225 4 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 225 5 most most JJS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 225 6 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 225 7 them -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 225 8 do do VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 225 9 not not RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 225 10 have have VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 225 11 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 225 12 linear linear JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 225 13 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 225 14 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 225 15 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 226 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 226 2 then then RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 226 3 examined examine VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 226 4 whether whether IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 226 5 there there EX cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 226 6 exists exist VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 226 7 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 226 8 nonlinear nonlinear JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 226 9 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 226 10 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 226 11 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 226 12 using use VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 226 13 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 226 14 Okunev Okunev NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 226 15 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 226 16 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 226 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 226 18 1997 1997 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 226 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 226 20 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 226 21 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 227 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 227 2 results result NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 227 3 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 227 4 shown show VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 227 5 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 227 6 Table Table NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 227 7 5 5 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 227 8 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 228 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 228 2 found find VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 228 3 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 228 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 228 5 coefficients coefficient NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 228 6 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 228 7 γ γ NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 228 8 1 1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 228 9 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 228 10 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 228 11 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 228 12 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 228 13 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 228 14 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 228 15 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 228 16 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 228 17 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 228 18 significantly significantly RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 228 19 different different JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 228 20 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 228 21 zero zero CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 228 22 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 228 23 one one CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 228 24 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 228 25 indicating indicate VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 228 26 Table table NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 228 27 2 2 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 229 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 229 2 unit unit NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 229 3 root root NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 229 4 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 229 5 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 229 6 Asian asian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 229 7 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 229 8 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 229 9 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 229 10 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 229 11 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 229 12 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 229 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 229 14 level level NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 229 15 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 229 16 1995Q1 1995q1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 229 17 - - SYM cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 229 18 2010Q2 2010q2 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 229 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 229 20 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 230 1 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 230 2 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 230 3 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 230 4 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 230 5 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 230 6 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 230 7 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 230 8 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 230 9 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 230 10 fractionally fractionally RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 230 11 integrated integrate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 230 12 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 230 13 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 230 14 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 230 15 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 230 16 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 230 17 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 230 18 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 230 19 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 230 20 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 1 However however RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 3 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 4 coefficients coefficient NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 5 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 6 γ γ NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 7 1 1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 8 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 9 South South NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 10 Korea Korea NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 11 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 12 Singapore Singapore NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 13 range range VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 14 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 15 zero zero CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 16 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 17 one one CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 18 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 19 showing show VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 20 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 21 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 22 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 23 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 24 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 25 segmented segment VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 26 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 27 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 28 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 29 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 30 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 31 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 32 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 33 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 34 countries country NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 231 35 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 1 To to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 2 summarize summarize VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 3 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 4 results result NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 5 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 6 Tables table NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 7 4 4 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 8 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 9 5 5 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 10 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 11 we -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 12 can can MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 13 conclude conclude VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 14 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 15 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 16 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 17 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 18 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 19 integrated integrate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 20 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 21 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 22 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 23 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 24 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 25 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 26 Japan Japan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 27 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 28 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 29 fractionally fractionally RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 30 integrated integrate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 31 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 32 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 33 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 34 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 35 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 36 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 37 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 38 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 39 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 40 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 41 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 42 Table table NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 43 4 4 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 44 Johansen Johansen NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 45 co co NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 46 - - NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 47 integration integration JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 48 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 49 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 50 Asian asian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 51 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 52 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 53 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 54 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 55 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 56 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 57 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 58 1995Q1 1995q1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 59 - - SYM cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 60 2010Q2 2010q2 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 61 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 232 62 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 233 1 Eigen Eigen NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 233 2 value value NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 234 1 Trace Trace NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 234 2 Statistic Statistic NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 234 3 / / SYM cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 234 4 max max JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 234 5 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 234 6 eigen eigen JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 234 7 statistic statistic NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 234 8 Note note NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 234 9 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 235 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 235 2 employ employ VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 235 3 Johansen Johansen NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 235 4 approach approach NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 235 5 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 235 6 test test VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 235 7 whether whether IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 235 8 there there EX cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 235 9 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 235 10 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 235 11 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 235 12 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 235 13 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 235 14 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 235 15 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 235 16 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 235 17 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 235 18 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 236 1 Two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 236 2 likelihood likelihood NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 236 3 ratio ratio NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 236 4 techniques technique NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 236 5 including include VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 236 6 trace trace NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 236 7 statistics statistic NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 236 8 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 236 9 max max NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 236 10 eigen eigen NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 236 11 value value NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 236 12 statistics statistic NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 236 13 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 236 14 employed employ VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 236 15 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 236 16 determine determine VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 236 17 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 236 18 number number NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 236 19 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 236 20 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 236 21 vectors vector NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 236 22 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 237 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 237 2 optimal optimal JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 237 3 lags lag VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 237 4 length length NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 237 5 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 237 6 Johansen Johansen NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 237 7 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 237 8 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 237 9 determined determine VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 237 10 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 237 11 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 237 12 statistics statistic NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 237 13 proposed propose VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 237 14 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 237 15 Sims sim NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 237 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 237 17 1980 1980 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 237 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 237 19 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 238 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 238 2 nonlinear nonlinear JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 238 3 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 238 4 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 238 5 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 238 6 Asian asian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 238 7 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 238 8 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 238 9 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 238 10 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 238 11 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 238 12 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 238 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 238 14 1995Q1 1995q1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 238 15 - - SYM cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 238 16 2010Q2 2010q2 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 238 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 238 18 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 239 1 * * NFP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 239 2 Presents present VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 239 3 significance significance NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 239 4 at at IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 239 5 10 10 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 239 6 % % NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 239 7 ; ; . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 240 1 * * NFP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 240 2 * * NFP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 240 3 presents present VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 240 4 significant significant JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 240 5 at at IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 240 6 5 5 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 240 7 % % NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 240 8 ; ; . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 241 1 * * NFP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 241 2 * * NFP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 241 3 * * NFP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 241 4 presents present VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 241 5 significance significance NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 241 6 at at IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 241 7 1 1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 241 8 % % NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 241 9 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 1 Note note VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 2 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 3 We -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 4 perform perform VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 5 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 6 nonlinear nonlinear JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 7 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 8 model model NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 9 proposed propose VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 10 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 11 Okunev Okunev NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 12 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 13 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 15 1997 1997 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 17 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 18 examine examine VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 19 whether whether IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 20 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 21 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 22 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 23 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 24 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 25 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 26 segmented segment VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 27 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 28 integrated integrated JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 29 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 30 or or CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 31 fractional fractional JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 32 integrated integrate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 242 33 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 2 Okunev Okunev NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 3 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 4 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 5 's 's POS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 6 model model NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 7 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 8 specified specify VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 9 as as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 10 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 11 Þ Þ NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 12 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 13 where where WRB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 14 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 15 coefficient coefficient NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 16 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 17 γ γ NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 18 1 1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 19 presents present VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 20 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 21 nonlinear nonlinear JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 22 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 23 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 24 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 25 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 26 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 27 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 28 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 29 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 30 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 31 γ γ NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 32 2 2 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 33 presents present VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 34 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 35 change change NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 36 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 37 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 38 mean mean JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 39 reversion reversion NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 40 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 41 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 42 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 43 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 44 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 45 index index NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 46 toward toward IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 47 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 48 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 49 index index NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 50 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 51 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 52 γ γ NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 53 3 3 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 54 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 55 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 56 speed speed NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 57 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 58 adjustment adjustment NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 59 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 60 mean mean JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 61 reversion reversion NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 62 towards towards IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 63 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 64 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 243 65 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 244 1 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 244 2 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 244 3 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 245 1 This this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 245 2 implies imply VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 245 3 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 245 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 245 5 movement movement NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 245 6 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 245 7 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 245 8 prices price NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 245 9 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 245 10 one one CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 245 11 asset asset NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 245 12 might may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 245 13 be be VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 245 14 influenced influence VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 245 15 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 245 16 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 245 17 other other JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 245 18 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 245 19 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 245 20 thus thus RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 245 21 both both DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 245 22 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 245 23 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 245 24 assets asset NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 245 25 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 245 26 substitutable substitutable JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 245 27 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 245 28 investment investment NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 245 29 purposes purpose NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 245 30 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 246 1 However however RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 246 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 246 3 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 246 4 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 246 5 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 246 6 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 246 7 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 246 8 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 246 9 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 246 10 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 246 11 were be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 246 12 not not RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 246 13 integrated integrate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 246 14 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 246 15 South South NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 246 16 Korea Korea NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 246 17 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 246 18 Singapore Singapore NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 246 19 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 247 1 This this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 247 2 suggests suggest VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 247 3 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 247 4 diversification diversification NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 247 5 strategy strategy NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 247 6 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 247 7 investment investment NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 247 8 portfolios portfolio NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 247 9 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 247 10 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 247 11 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 247 12 countries country NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 247 13 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 248 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 248 2 further further RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 248 3 conducted conduct VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 248 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 248 5 Granger Granger NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 248 6 causality causality NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 248 7 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 248 8 over over IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 248 9 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 248 10 sample sample NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 248 11 period period NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 248 12 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 248 13 examine examine VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 248 14 whether whether IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 248 15 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 248 16 causality causality NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 248 17 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 248 18 exists exist VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 248 19 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 248 20 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 248 21 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 248 22 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 248 23 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 248 24 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 248 25 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 248 26 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 249 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 249 2 results result NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 249 3 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 249 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 249 5 causality causality NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 249 6 tests test NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 249 7 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 249 8 illustrated illustrate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 249 9 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 249 10 Table Table NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 249 11 6 6 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 249 12 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 250 1 In in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 250 2 this this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 250 3 table table NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 250 4 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 250 5 no no DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 250 6 evidence evidence NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 250 7 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 250 8 found find VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 250 9 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 250 10 reject reject VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 250 11 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 250 12 null null JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 250 13 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 250 14 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 250 15 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 250 16 indices index NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 250 17 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 250 18 unrelated unrelated JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 250 19 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 250 20 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 250 21 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 250 22 indices index NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 250 23 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 250 24 all all DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 250 25 six six CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 250 26 countries country NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 250 27 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 251 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 251 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 251 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 251 4 did do VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 251 5 not not RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 251 6 find find VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 251 7 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 251 8 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 251 9 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 251 10 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 251 11 led lead VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 251 12 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 251 13 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 251 14 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 251 15 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 251 16 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 251 17 all all DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 251 18 economies economy NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 251 19 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 1 However however RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 3 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 4 null null JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 5 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 6 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 7 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 8 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 9 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 10 index index NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 11 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 12 not not RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 13 related relate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 14 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 15 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 16 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 17 index index NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 18 was be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 19 rejected reject VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 20 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 21 Singapore Singapore NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 22 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 23 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 24 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 25 indicating indicate VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 26 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 27 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 28 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 29 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 30 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 31 leads lead VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 32 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 33 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 34 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 35 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 36 Singapore Singapore NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 37 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 38 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 252 39 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 253 1 In in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 253 2 other other JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 253 3 words word NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 253 4 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 253 5 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 253 6 fluctuation fluctuation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 253 7 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 253 8 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 253 9 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 253 10 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 253 11 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 253 12 may may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 253 13 drive drive VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 253 14 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 253 15 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 253 16 price price NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 253 17 movement movement NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 253 18 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 253 19 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 253 20 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 253 21 countries country NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 253 22 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 254 1 5.5.2.1 5.5.2.1 LS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 254 2 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 255 1 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 255 2 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 256 1 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 256 2 's 's POS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 256 3 economic economic JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 256 4 growth growth NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 256 5 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 256 6 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 256 7 successful successful JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 256 8 model model NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 256 9 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 256 10 other other JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 256 11 communist communist JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 256 12 countries country NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 256 13 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 1 Since since IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 2 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 3 decision decision NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 4 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 5 implement implement VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 6 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 7 " " `` cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 8 planned planned JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 9 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 10 economy economy NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 11 " " '' cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 12 three three CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 13 decades decade NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 14 ago ago RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 15 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 16 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 17 's 's POS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 18 economy economy NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 19 has have VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 20 continued continue VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 21 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 22 grow grow VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 23 despite despite IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 24 Asia Asia NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 25 's 's POS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 26 financial financial JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 27 downturn downturn NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 28 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 29 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 30 late late JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 31 1990s 1990 NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 257 32 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 258 1 To to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 258 2 curb curb VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 258 3 speculation speculation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 258 4 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 258 5 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 258 6 Chinese chinese JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 258 7 government government NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 258 8 adopted adopt VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 258 9 macro macro JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 258 10 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 258 11 economic economic JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 258 12 controls control NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 258 13 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 258 14 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 258 15 early early JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 258 16 2000s 2000 NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 258 17 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 258 18 causing cause VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 258 19 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 258 20 four four CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 258 21 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 258 22 year year NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 258 23 decline decline NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 258 24 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 1 Since since IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 2 financial financial JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 3 renewal renewal NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 4 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 5 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 6 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 7 digit digit NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 8 growth growth NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 9 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 10 2005 2005 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 11 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 12 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 13 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 14 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 15 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 16 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 17 has have VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 18 continued continue VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 19 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 20 climb climb VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 21 new new JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 22 heights height NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 23 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 24 as as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 25 shown show VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 26 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 27 Fig Fig NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 28 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 29 1 1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 31 a a NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 259 33 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 260 1 Rapid rapid JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 260 2 economic economic JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 260 3 growth growth NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 260 4 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 260 5 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 260 6 led lead VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 260 7 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 260 8 significant significant JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 260 9 appreciation appreciation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 260 10 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 260 11 urban urban JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 260 12 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 260 13 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 260 14 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 260 15 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 260 16 areas area NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 260 17 such such JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 260 18 as as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 260 19 Beijing Beijing NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 260 20 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 260 21 Shanghai Shanghai NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 260 22 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 260 23 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 260 24 other other JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 260 25 coastal coastal JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 260 26 cities city NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 260 27 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 261 1 However however RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 261 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 261 3 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 261 4 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 261 5 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 261 6 inland inland JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 261 7 areas area NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 261 8 experienced experience VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 261 9 slower slow JJR cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 261 10 growth growth NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 261 11 during during IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 261 12 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 261 13 sample sample NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 261 14 period period NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 261 15 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 261 16 widening widen VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 261 17 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 261 18 gap gap NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 261 19 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 261 20 coast coast NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 261 21 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 261 22 inland inland NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 261 23 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 262 1 Analysis analysis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 262 2 found find VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 262 3 no no DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 262 4 causality causality NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 262 5 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 262 6 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 262 7 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 262 8 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 262 9 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 262 10 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 262 11 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 262 12 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 262 13 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 262 14 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 262 15 March March NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 262 16 1995 1995 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 262 17 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 262 18 June June NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 262 19 2010 2010 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 262 20 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 263 1 There there EX cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 263 2 may may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 263 3 be be VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 263 4 several several JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 263 5 reasons reason NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 263 6 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 263 7 this this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 263 8 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 264 1 First first RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 264 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 264 3 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 264 4 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 264 5 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 264 6 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 264 7 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 264 8 include include VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 264 9 many many JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 264 10 regions region NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 264 11 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 264 12 cities city NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 264 13 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 265 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 265 2 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 265 3 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 265 4 index index NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 265 5 employed employ VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 265 6 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 265 7 this this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 265 8 study study NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 265 9 may may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 265 10 not not RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 265 11 reflect reflect VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 265 12 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 265 13 trend trend NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 265 14 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 265 15 one one CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 265 16 specific specific JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 265 17 region region NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 265 18 or or CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 265 19 city city NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 265 20 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 266 1 An an DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 266 2 alternative alternative JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 266 3 approach approach NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 266 4 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 266 5 overcome overcome VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 266 6 this this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 266 7 shortcoming shortcoming NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 266 8 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 266 9 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 266 10 use use VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 266 11 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 266 12 index index NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 266 13 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 266 14 different different JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 266 15 regions region NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 266 16 or or CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 266 17 cities city NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 266 18 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 266 19 further further JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 266 20 concise concise JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 266 21 conclusions conclusion NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 266 22 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 267 1 Second second RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 267 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 267 3 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 267 4 's 's POS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 267 5 population population NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 267 6 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 267 7 over over IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 267 8 1.2 1.2 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 267 9 billion billion CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 267 10 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 267 11 all all DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 267 12 looking look VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 267 13 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 267 14 homes home NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 267 15 after after IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 267 16 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 267 17 end end NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 267 18 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 267 19 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 267 20 public public JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 267 21 ownership ownership NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 267 22 system system NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 267 23 prevailing prevail VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 267 24 during during IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 267 25 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 267 26 early early JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 267 27 Communist communist JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 267 28 era era NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 267 29 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 268 1 Real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 268 2 state state NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 268 3 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 268 4 trends trend NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 268 5 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 268 6 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 268 7 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 268 8 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 268 9 other other JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 268 10 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 268 11 before before IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 268 12 there there EX cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 268 13 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 268 14 equilibrium equilibrium NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 268 15 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 268 16 supply supply NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 268 17 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 268 18 demand demand NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 268 19 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 268 20 difficult difficult JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 268 21 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 268 22 determine determine VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 268 23 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 1 Third third RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 3 both both CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 5 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 6 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 7 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 8 especially especially RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 9 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 10 housing housing NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 11 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 12 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 13 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 14 profoundly profoundly RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 15 influenced influence VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 16 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 17 Chinese chinese JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 18 government government NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 19 intervention intervention NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 21 taxation taxation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 22 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 23 credit credit NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 24 control control NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 25 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 26 construction construction NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 27 permits permit NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 28 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 29 so so RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 30 on on RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 269 32 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 270 1 These these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 270 2 factors factor NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 270 3 may may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 270 4 contribute contribute VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 270 5 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 270 6 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 270 7 lack lack NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 270 8 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 270 9 causality causality NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 270 10 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 270 11 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 270 12 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 270 13 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 270 14 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 270 15 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 270 16 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 270 17 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 270 18 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 270 19 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 270 20 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 271 1 5.5.2.2 5.5.2.2 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 271 2 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 272 1 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 272 2 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 272 3 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 273 1 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 273 2 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 273 3 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 273 4 considered consider VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 273 5 one one CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 273 6 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 273 7 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 273 8 most most RBS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 273 9 liberal liberal JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 273 10 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 273 11 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 273 12 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 273 13 world world NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 273 14 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 274 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 274 2 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 274 3 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 274 4 government government NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 274 5 has have VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 274 6 cultivated cultivate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 274 7 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 274 8 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 274 9 economy economy NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 274 10 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 274 11 almost almost RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 274 12 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 274 13 century century NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 274 14 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 1 However however RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 3 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 4 economy economy NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 5 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 6 easily easily RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 7 influenced influence VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 8 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 9 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 10 political political JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 11 environment environment NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 12 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 13 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 14 region region NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 15 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 16 especially especially RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 17 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 18 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 19 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 20 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 21 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 22 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 23 United United NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 24 States States NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 25 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 26 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 27 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 28 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 29 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 30 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 275 31 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 1 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 2 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 3 's 's POS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 4 capital capital NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 5 fled flee VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 6 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 7 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 8 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 9 prior prior RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 10 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 11 1997 1997 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 12 due due IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 13 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 14 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 15 uncertainty uncertainty NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 16 involved involve VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 17 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 18 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 19 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 20 's 's POS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 21 return return NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 22 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 23 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 24 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 25 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 26 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 27 aftermath aftermath NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 28 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 29 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 30 Asian asian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 31 financial financial JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 32 crisis crisis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 276 33 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 277 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 277 2 Hang Hang NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 277 3 Seng Seng NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 277 4 Stock Stock NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 277 5 Index Index NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 277 6 plunged plunge VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 277 7 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 277 8 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 277 9 historic historic JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 277 10 low low NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 277 11 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 278 1 After after IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 278 2 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 278 3 guaranteed guarantee VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 278 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 278 5 free free JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 278 6 development development NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 278 7 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 278 8 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 278 9 economy economy NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 278 10 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 278 11 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 278 12 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 278 13 regained regain VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 278 14 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 278 15 momentum momentum NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 278 16 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 279 1 Then then RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 279 2 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 279 3 2003 2003 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 279 4 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 279 5 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 279 6 SARS SARS NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 279 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 279 8 Severe severe JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 279 9 Acute acute JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 279 10 Respiratory Respiratory NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 279 11 Syndrome Syndrome NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 279 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 279 13 epidemic epidemic NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 279 14 ravaged ravage VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 279 15 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 279 16 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 279 17 's 's POS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 279 18 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 279 19 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 279 20 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 1 Not not RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 2 until until IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 3 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 4 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 5 was be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 6 opened open VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 7 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 8 mainland mainland JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 9 Chinese chinese JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 10 tourism tourism NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 11 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 12 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 13 signing signing NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 14 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 15 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 16 " " `` cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 17 Closer Closer NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 18 Economic Economic NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 19 Partnership Partnership NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 20 Arrangement Arrangement NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 21 " " '' cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 23 CEPA CEPA NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 25 did do VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 26 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 27 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 28 momentum momentum NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 29 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 30 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 31 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 32 revive revive VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 33 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 34 as as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 35 shown show VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 36 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 37 Fig Fig NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 38 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 39 1 1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 41 b b NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 280 43 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 281 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 281 2 decline decline NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 281 3 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 281 4 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 281 5 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 281 6 's 's POS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 281 7 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 281 8 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 281 9 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 281 10 over over IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 281 11 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 281 12 last last JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 281 13 15 15 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 281 14 years year NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 281 15 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 281 16 also also RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 281 17 related relate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 281 18 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 281 19 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 281 20 larger large JJR cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 281 21 economic economic JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 281 22 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 281 23 political political JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 281 24 circumstances circumstance NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 281 25 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 282 1 Both both DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 282 2 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 282 3 plunged plunge VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 282 4 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 282 5 1997 1997 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 282 6 due due IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 282 7 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 282 8 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 282 9 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 282 10 's 's POS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 282 11 return return NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 282 12 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 282 13 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 282 14 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 283 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 283 2 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 283 3 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 283 4 fluctuated fluctuate VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 283 5 then then RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 283 6 rebounded rebound VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 283 7 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 283 8 2003 2003 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 283 9 after after IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 283 10 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 283 11 end end NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 283 12 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 283 13 global global JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 283 14 deflation deflation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 283 15 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 283 16 SARS SARS NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 283 17 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 284 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 284 2 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 284 3 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 284 4 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 284 5 also also RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 284 6 recovered recover VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 284 7 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 284 8 2003 2003 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 284 9 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 284 10 as as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 284 11 shown show VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 284 12 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 284 13 Fig Fig NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 284 14 . . NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 284 15 2 2 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 284 16 _SP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 285 1 Granger Granger NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 285 2 causality causality NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 285 3 analysis analysis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 285 4 shows show VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 285 5 no no DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 285 6 causality causality NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 285 7 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 285 8 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 285 9 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 285 10 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 285 11 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 285 12 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 285 13 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 285 14 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 285 15 trends trend NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 285 16 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 285 17 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 285 18 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 285 19 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 285 20 March March NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 285 21 1995 1995 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 285 22 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 285 23 June June NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 285 24 2010 2010 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 285 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 285 26 see see VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 285 27 Table Table NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 285 28 6 6 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 285 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 285 30 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 286 1 This this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 286 2 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 286 3 reasonable reasonable JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 286 4 since since IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 286 5 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 286 6 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 286 7 's 's POS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 286 8 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 286 9 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 286 10 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 286 11 more more RBR cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 286 12 international international JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 286 13 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 286 14 closely closely RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 286 15 related relate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 286 16 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 286 17 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 286 18 overall overall JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 286 19 economy economy NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 286 20 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 286 21 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 286 22 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 286 23 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 287 1 In in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 287 2 contrast contrast NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 287 3 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 287 4 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 287 5 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 287 6 's 's POS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 287 7 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 287 8 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 287 9 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 287 10 was be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 287 11 much much RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 287 12 more more RBR cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 287 13 intensely intensely RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 287 14 influenced influence VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 287 15 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 287 16 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 287 17 political political JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 287 18 transition transition NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 287 19 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 287 20 1997 1997 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 287 21 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 288 1 Emigration emigration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 288 2 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 288 3 loss loss NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 288 4 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 288 5 confidence confidence NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 288 6 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 288 7 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 288 8 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 288 9 did do VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 288 10 not not RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 288 11 reverse reverse VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 288 12 as as RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 288 13 quickly quickly RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 288 14 as as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 288 15 recovery recovery NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 288 16 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 288 17 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 288 18 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 288 19 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 288 20 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 289 1 5.5.2.3 5.5.2.3 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 289 2 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 290 1 Japan Japan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 290 2 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 291 1 Japan Japan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 291 2 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 291 3 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 291 4 most most RBS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 291 5 developed develop VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 291 6 economy economy NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 291 7 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 291 8 Asia Asia NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 291 9 ; ; : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 291 10 it -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 291 11 therefore therefore RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 291 12 has have VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 291 13 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 291 14 special special JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 291 15 role role NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 291 16 as as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 291 17 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 291 18 regional regional JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 291 19 leader leader NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 291 20 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 292 1 Rapid rapid JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 292 2 economic economic JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 292 3 growth growth NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 292 4 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 292 5 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 292 6 1970s 1970s CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 292 7 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 292 8 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 292 9 1980s 1980 NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 292 10 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 292 11 Japan Japan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 292 12 caused cause VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 292 13 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 292 14 Japanese japanese JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 292 15 Yen Yen NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 292 16 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 292 17 appreciate appreciate VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 292 18 significantly significantly RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 292 19 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 1 This this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 2 appreciation appreciation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 3 rose rise VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 4 sharply sharply RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 5 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 6 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 7 late late JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 8 1980s 1980 NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 9 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 10 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 11 an an DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 12 exchange exchange NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 13 rate rate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 14 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 15 242 242 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 16 yen yen NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 17 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 18 one one CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 19 US US NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 20 dollar dollar NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 21 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 22 1985 1985 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 23 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 24 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 25 128 128 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 26 yen yen NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 27 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 28 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 29 dollar dollar NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 30 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 31 1988 1988 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 293 32 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 294 1 Export export NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 294 2 industries industry NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 294 3 were be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 294 4 severely severely RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 294 5 injured injure VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 294 6 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 294 7 appreciation appreciation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 294 8 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 1 To to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 2 stimulate stimulate VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 3 investment investment NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 4 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 5 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 6 hope hope NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 7 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 8 continuing continue VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 9 economic economic JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 10 growth growth NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 11 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 12 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 13 government government NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 14 reduced reduce VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 15 interest interest NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 16 rates rate NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 17 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 18 5 5 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 19 % % NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 20 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 21 2.5 2.5 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 22 % % NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 23 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 24 1986 1986 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 25 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 26 causing cause VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 27 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 28 boom boom NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 29 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 30 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 31 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 32 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 33 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 34 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 35 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 295 36 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 296 1 To to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 296 2 control control VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 296 3 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 296 4 resulting result VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 296 5 rises rise NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 296 6 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 296 7 asset asset NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 296 8 prices price NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 296 9 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 296 10 inflation inflation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 296 11 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 296 12 Japan Japan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 296 13 raised raise VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 296 14 interest interest NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 296 15 rates rate NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 296 16 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 296 17 1990 1990 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 296 18 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 296 19 this this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 296 20 time time NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 296 21 resulting result VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 296 22 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 296 23 long long JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 296 24 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 296 25 term term NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 296 26 economic economic JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 296 27 recession recession NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 296 28 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 297 1 In in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 297 2 order order NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 297 3 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 297 4 stimulate stimulate VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 297 5 investment investment NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 297 6 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 297 7 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 297 8 economy economy NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 297 9 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 297 10 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 297 11 Japanese japanese JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 297 12 government government NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 297 13 reduced reduce VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 297 14 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 297 15 interest interest NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 297 16 rates rate NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 297 17 again again RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 297 18 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 297 19 fell fall VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 297 20 into into IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 297 21 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 297 22 " " `` cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 297 23 liquidity liquidity NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 297 24 trap trap NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 297 25 " " '' cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 297 26 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 298 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 298 2 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 298 3 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 298 4 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 298 5 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 298 6 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 298 7 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 298 8 Japan Japan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 298 9 were be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 298 10 significantly significantly RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 298 11 affected affect VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 298 12 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 298 13 changes change NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 298 14 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 298 15 interest interest NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 298 16 rates rate NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 298 17 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 298 18 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 298 19 overall overall JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 298 20 economy economy NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 298 21 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 299 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 299 2 Granger Granger NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 299 3 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 299 4 showed show VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 299 5 no no DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 299 6 causality causality NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 299 7 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 299 8 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 299 9 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 299 10 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 299 11 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 299 12 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 299 13 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 299 14 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 299 15 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 299 16 March March NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 299 17 1995 1995 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 299 18 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 299 19 June June NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 299 20 2010 2010 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 299 21 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 299 22 Japan Japan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 299 23 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 300 1 From from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 300 2 Figs fig NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 300 3 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 301 1 1(c 1(c LS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 301 2 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 302 1 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 302 2 2(c 2(c LS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 302 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 303 1 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 303 2 it -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 303 3 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 303 4 obvious obvious JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 303 5 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 303 6 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 303 7 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 303 8 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 303 9 Japan Japan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 303 10 fluctuate fluctuate VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 303 11 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 303 12 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 303 13 overall overall JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 303 14 economy economy NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 303 15 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 304 1 Yet yet RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 304 2 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 304 3 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 304 4 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 304 5 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 304 6 remained remain VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 304 7 sluggish sluggish JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 304 8 during during IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 304 9 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 304 10 sample sample NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 304 11 period period NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 304 12 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 1 This this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 2 may may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 3 be be VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 4 due due JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 5 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 6 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 7 fact fact NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 8 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 9 maximum maximum JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 10 loan loan NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 11 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 12 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 13 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 14 value value NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 16 LTV LTV NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 18 ratio ratio NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 19 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 20 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 21 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 22 financing financing NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 23 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 24 Japan Japan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 25 could could MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 26 reach reach VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 27 120 120 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 28 % % NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 29 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 30 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 31 1980s 1980s CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 305 32 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 306 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 306 2 over over RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 306 3 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 306 4 leveraging leverage VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 306 5 eventually eventually RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 306 6 led lead VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 306 7 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 306 8 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 306 9 long long JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 306 10 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 306 11 term term NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 306 12 recession recession NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 306 13 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 306 14 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 306 15 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 306 16 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 306 17 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 306 18 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 307 1 This this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 307 2 may may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 307 3 be be VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 307 4 one one CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 307 5 reason reason NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 307 6 no no DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 307 7 causality causality NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 307 8 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 307 9 was be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 307 10 found find VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 307 11 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 307 12 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 307 13 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 307 14 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 307 15 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 307 16 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 307 17 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 307 18 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 307 19 Japan Japan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 307 20 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 308 1 5.5.2.4 5.5.2.4 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 308 2 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 309 1 Singapore Singapore NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 309 2 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 310 1 Asset asset NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 310 2 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 310 3 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 310 4 Singapore Singapore NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 310 5 were be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 310 6 severely severely RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 310 7 affected affect VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 310 8 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 310 9 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 310 10 Asian asian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 310 11 financial financial JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 310 12 crisis crisis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 310 13 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 310 14 1997 1997 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 310 15 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 310 16 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 310 17 government government NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 310 18 introduced introduce VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 310 19 several several JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 310 20 measures measure NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 310 21 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 310 22 stimulate stimulate VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 310 23 economic economic JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 310 24 growth growth NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 310 25 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 311 1 Limits limit NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 311 2 on on IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 311 3 foreign foreign JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 311 4 investment investment NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 311 5 were be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 311 6 greatly greatly RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 311 7 reduced reduce VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 311 8 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 311 9 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 311 10 international international JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 311 11 companies company NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 311 12 were be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 311 13 encouraged encourage VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 311 14 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 311 15 go go VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 311 16 public public JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 311 17 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 311 18 Singapore Singapore NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 311 19 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 312 1 These these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 312 2 measures measure NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 312 3 gradually gradually RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 312 4 attracted attract VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 312 5 international international JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 312 6 investors investor NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 312 7 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 312 8 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 312 9 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 312 10 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 312 11 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 312 12 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 312 13 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 312 14 revived revive VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 312 15 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 1 In in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 2 2000 2000 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 3 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 5 overall overall JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 6 economy economy NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 7 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 8 including include VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 9 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 10 asset asset NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 11 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 12 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 13 was be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 14 again again RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 15 hit hit VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 16 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 17 falls fall NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 18 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 19 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 20 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 21 values value NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 22 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 23 information information NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 24 technology technology NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 25 industry industry NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 27 " " `` cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 28 dot dot NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 29 com com NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 30 " " '' cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 313 32 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 314 1 Stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 314 2 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 314 3 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 314 4 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 314 5 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 314 6 did do VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 314 7 not not RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 314 8 pick pick VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 314 9 up up RP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 314 10 until until IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 314 11 2003 2003 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 314 12 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 314 13 after after IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 314 14 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 314 15 end end NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 314 16 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 314 17 worldwide worldwide JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 314 18 deflation deflation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 314 19 [ [ -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 314 20 see see VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 314 21 Fig Fig NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 314 22 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 314 23 1 1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 314 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 314 25 d d NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 314 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 315 1 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 315 2 2 2 LS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 315 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 315 4 d d NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 315 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 315 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 315 7 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 316 1 Results result NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 316 2 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 316 3 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 316 4 causality causality NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 316 5 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 316 6 show show VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 316 7 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 316 8 uni uni JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 316 9 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 316 10 directional directional JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 316 11 leading leading NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 316 12 effect effect NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 316 13 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 316 14 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 316 15 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 316 16 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 316 17 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 316 18 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 316 19 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 316 20 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 316 21 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 316 22 Singapore Singapore NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 316 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 316 24 see see UH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 316 25 Table Table NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 316 26 6 6 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 316 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 316 28 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 317 1 This this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 317 2 may may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 317 3 be be VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 317 4 attributed attribute VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 317 5 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 317 6 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 317 7 fact fact NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 317 8 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 317 9 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 317 10 land land NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 317 11 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 317 12 housing housing NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 317 13 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 317 14 Singapore Singapore NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 317 15 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 317 16 mostly mostly RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 317 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 317 18 around around IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 317 19 80 80 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 317 20 % % NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 317 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 317 22 owned own VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 317 23 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 317 24 controlled control VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 317 25 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 317 26 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 317 27 government government NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 317 28 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 318 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 318 2 revival revival NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 318 3 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 318 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 318 5 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 318 6 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 318 7 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 318 8 may may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 318 9 serve serve VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 318 10 as as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 318 11 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 318 12 signal signal NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 318 13 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 318 14 other other JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 318 15 investment investment NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 318 16 vehicles vehicle NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 318 17 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 318 18 confidence confidence NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 318 19 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 318 20 Singapore Singapore NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 318 21 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 319 1 5.5.2.5 5.5.2.5 NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 319 2 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 320 1 South South NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 320 2 Korea Korea NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 320 3 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 321 1 South South NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 321 2 Korea Korea NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 321 3 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 321 4 one one CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 321 5 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 321 6 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 321 7 " " `` cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 321 8 Four Four NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 321 9 Dragons Dragons NNPS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 321 10 " " '' cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 321 11 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 321 12 Asia Asia NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 321 13 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 322 1 Its -PRON- PRP$ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 322 2 economy economy NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 322 3 was be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 322 4 severely severely RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 322 5 affected affect VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 322 6 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 322 7 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 322 8 Asian asian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 322 9 financial financial JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 322 10 crisis crisis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 322 11 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 322 12 1997 1997 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 322 13 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 322 14 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 322 15 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 322 16 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 322 17 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 322 18 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 322 19 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 322 20 plunging plunge VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 322 21 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 322 22 historic historic JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 322 23 lows low NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 322 24 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 323 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 323 2 collapse collapse NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 323 3 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 323 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 323 5 global global JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 323 6 information information NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 323 7 technology technology NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 323 8 industry industry NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 323 9 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 323 10 2000 2000 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 323 11 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 323 12 rising rise VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 323 13 default default NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 323 14 levels level NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 323 15 on on IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 323 16 credit credit NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 323 17 card card NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 323 18 debt debt NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 323 19 further further RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 323 20 affected affect VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 323 21 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 323 22 overall overall JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 323 23 economy economy NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 323 24 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 323 25 asset asset NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 323 26 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 323 27 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 323 28 South South NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 323 29 Korea Korea NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 323 30 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 324 1 Markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 324 2 recovered recover VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 324 3 afterwards afterwards RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 324 4 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 324 5 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 324 6 global global JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 324 7 economy economy NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 324 8 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 2 government government NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 3 launched launch VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 4 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 5 series series NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 6 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 7 financial financial JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 8 reforms reform NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 9 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 10 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 11 assistance assistance NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 12 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 13 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 14 International International NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 15 Monetary Monetary NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 16 Fund Fund NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 18 IMF IMF NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 20 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 21 but but CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 22 it -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 23 was be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 24 only only RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 25 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 26 2001 2001 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 27 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 28 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 29 economy economy NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 30 regained regain VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 31 momentum momentum NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 32 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 33 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 34 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 35 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 36 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 37 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 38 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 39 began begin VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 40 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 41 recover recover VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 325 42 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 326 1 Trends trend NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 326 2 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 326 3 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 326 4 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 326 5 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 326 6 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 326 7 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 326 8 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 326 9 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 326 10 South South NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 326 11 Korea Korea NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 326 12 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 326 13 shown show VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 326 14 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 326 15 Figs Figs NNPS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 326 16 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 327 1 1 1 LS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 328 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 328 2 e e LS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 328 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 328 4 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 328 5 2 2 LS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 328 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 328 7 e e NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 328 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 328 9 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 329 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 329 2 causality causality NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 329 3 results result NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 329 4 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 329 5 reported report VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 329 6 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 329 7 Table Table NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 329 8 6 6 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 329 9 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 330 1 No no DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 330 2 causality causality NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 330 3 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 330 4 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 330 5 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 330 6 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 330 7 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 330 8 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 330 9 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 330 10 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 330 11 was be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 330 12 found find VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 330 13 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 331 1 This this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 331 2 may may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 331 3 be be VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 331 4 explained explain VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 331 5 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 331 6 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 331 7 fact fact NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 331 8 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 331 9 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 331 10 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 331 11 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 331 12 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 331 13 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 331 14 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 331 15 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 331 16 South South NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 331 17 Korea Korea NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 331 18 attract attract VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 331 19 sharply sharply RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 331 20 differing differ VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 331 21 investors investor NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 331 22 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 332 1 As as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 332 2 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 332 3 result result NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 332 4 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 332 5 neither neither CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 332 6 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 332 7 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 332 8 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 332 9 nor nor CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 332 10 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 332 11 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 332 12 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 332 13 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 332 14 can can MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 332 15 serve serve VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 332 16 as as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 332 17 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 332 18 leading lead VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 332 19 indicator indicator NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 332 20 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 332 21 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 332 22 other other JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 332 23 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 333 1 5.5.2.6 5.5.2.6 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 333 2 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 334 1 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 334 2 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 335 1 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 335 2 experienced experience VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 335 3 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 335 4 peak peak NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 335 5 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 335 6 economic economic JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 335 7 growth growth NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 335 8 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 335 9 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 335 10 1980s 1980s CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 335 11 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 336 1 This this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 336 2 led lead VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 336 3 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 336 4 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 336 5 surge surge NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 336 6 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 336 7 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 336 8 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 336 9 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 336 10 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 336 11 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 336 12 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 336 13 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 337 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 337 2 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 337 3 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 337 4 increased increase VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 337 5 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 337 6 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 337 7 weighted weighted JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 337 8 index index NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 337 9 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 337 10 2000 2000 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 337 11 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 337 12 1986 1986 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 337 13 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 337 14 12,000 12,000 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 337 15 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 337 16 1991 1991 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 337 17 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 338 1 During during IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 338 2 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 338 3 same same JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 338 4 period period NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 338 5 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 338 6 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 338 7 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 338 8 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 338 9 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 338 10 appreciated appreciate VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 338 11 threefold threefold RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 338 12 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 339 1 In in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 339 2 1997 1997 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 339 3 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 339 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 339 5 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 339 6 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 339 7 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 339 8 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 339 9 was be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 339 10 affected affect VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 339 11 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 339 12 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 339 13 Asian asian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 339 14 financial financial JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 339 15 crisis crisis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 339 16 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 339 17 but but CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 339 18 rebounded rebound VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 339 19 within within IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 339 20 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 339 21 year year NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 339 22 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 340 1 When when WRB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 340 2 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 340 3 U.S. U.S. NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 340 4 information information NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 340 5 technology technology NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 340 6 industry industry NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 340 7 bubble bubble NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 340 8 burst burst VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 340 9 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 340 10 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 340 11 late late JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 340 12 1990s 1990 NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 340 13 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 340 14 however however RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 340 15 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 340 16 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 340 17 's 's POS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 340 18 electronics electronic NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 340 19 industry industry NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 340 20 was be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 340 21 hit hit VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 340 22 hard hard RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 340 23 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 341 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 341 2 bubble bubble NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 341 3 's 's POS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 341 4 collapse collapse NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 341 5 coincided coincide VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 341 6 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 341 7 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 341 8 major major JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 341 9 earthquake earthquake NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 341 10 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 341 11 1999 1999 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 341 12 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 341 13 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 341 14 as as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 341 15 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 341 16 result result NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 341 17 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 341 18 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 341 19 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 341 20 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 341 21 dropped drop VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 341 22 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 341 23 approximately approximately RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 341 24 3000 3000 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 341 25 points point NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 341 26 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 342 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 342 2 SARS SARS NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 342 3 epidemic epidemic NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 342 4 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 342 5 2003 2003 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 342 6 prolonged prolong VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 342 7 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 342 8 slump slump NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 342 9 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 342 10 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 342 11 's 's POS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 342 12 economy economy NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 342 13 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 343 1 In in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 343 2 2004 2004 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 343 3 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 343 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 343 5 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 343 6 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 343 7 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 343 8 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 343 9 finally finally RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 343 10 regained regain VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 343 11 momentum momentum NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 343 12 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 343 13 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 343 14 end end NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 343 15 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 343 16 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 343 17 worldwide worldwide JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 343 18 deflation deflation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 343 19 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 343 20 global global JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 343 21 economic economic JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 343 22 recovery recovery NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 343 23 [ [ -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 343 24 see see VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 343 25 Fig Fig NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 343 26 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 343 27 1(e 1(e CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 343 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 343 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 343 30 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 2 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 3 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 4 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 5 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 6 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 7 has have VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 8 tended tend VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 9 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 10 move move VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 11 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 12 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 13 pattern pattern NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 14 similar similar JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 15 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 16 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 17 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 18 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 19 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 20 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 21 past past JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 22 decade decade NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 23 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 24 as as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 25 shown show VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 26 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 27 Fig Fig NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 28 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 29 2(e 2(e CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 344 31 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 1 Various various JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 2 policies policy NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 3 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 4 including include VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 5 thousands thousand NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 6 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 7 billions billion NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 8 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 9 NT NT NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 10 dollars dollar NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 11 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 12 low low JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 13 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 14 rate rate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 15 mortgages mortgage NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 16 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 17 encourage encourage VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 18 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 19 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 20 investment investment NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 21 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 22 were be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 23 announced announce VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 24 after after IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 25 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 26 Asian asian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 27 financial financial JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 28 crisis crisis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 29 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 30 but but CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 31 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 32 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 33 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 34 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 35 did do VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 36 not not RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 37 pick pick VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 38 up up RP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 39 until until IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 40 after after IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 41 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 42 SARS SARS NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 43 epidemic epidemic NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 44 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 45 2003 2003 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 345 46 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 346 1 Causality causality NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 346 2 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 346 3 results result NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 346 4 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 346 5 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 346 6 found find VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 346 7 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 346 8 uni uni JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 346 9 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 346 10 directional directional JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 346 11 leading leading NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 346 12 effect effect NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 346 13 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 346 14 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 346 15 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 346 16 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 346 17 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 346 18 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 346 19 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 346 20 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 346 21 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 346 22 as as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 346 23 shown show VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 346 24 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 346 25 Table Table NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 346 26 6 6 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 346 27 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 347 1 There there EX cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 347 2 may may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 347 3 be be VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 347 4 several several JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 347 5 reasons reason NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 347 6 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 347 7 this this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 347 8 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 348 1 First first RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 348 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 348 3 there there EX cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 348 4 has have VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 348 5 been be VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 348 6 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 348 7 housing housing NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 348 8 shortage shortage NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 348 9 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 348 10 approximately approximately RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 348 11 7 7 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 348 12 % % NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 348 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 348 14 70,000 70,000 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 348 15 units unit NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 348 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 348 17 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 348 18 Taipei Taipei NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 348 19 city city NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 348 20 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 348 21 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 348 22 past past JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 348 23 decade decade NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 348 24 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 349 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 349 2 traditional traditional JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 349 3 preference preference NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 349 4 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 349 5 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 349 6 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 349 7 investment investment NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 349 8 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 349 9 driven drive VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 349 10 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 349 11 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 349 12 housing housing NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 349 13 shortage shortage NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 349 14 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 349 15 high high JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 349 16 population population NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 349 17 density density NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 349 18 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 349 19 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 349 20 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 349 21 employment employment NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 349 22 opportunity opportunity NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 349 23 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 1 Second second RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 3 metropolitan metropolitan JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 4 Taipei Taipei NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 5 accounts account VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 6 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 7 over over IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 8 1/3 1/3 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 9 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 10 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 11 population population NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 12 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 13 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 14 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 15 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 16 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 17 value value NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 18 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 19 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 20 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 21 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 22 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 23 Taipei Taipei NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 24 represent represent VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 25 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 26 significant significant JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 27 proportion proportion NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 28 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 29 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 30 entire entire JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 31 country country NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 350 32 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 351 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 351 2 combination combination NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 351 3 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 351 4 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 351 5 factors factor NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 351 6 encouraged encourage VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 351 7 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 351 8 escalation escalation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 351 9 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 351 10 housing housing NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 351 11 prices price NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 351 12 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 351 13 Taipei Taipei NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 351 14 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 351 15 leading lead VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 351 16 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 351 17 an an DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 351 18 annual annual JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 351 19 average average JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 351 20 10 10 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 351 21 % % NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 351 22 appreciation appreciation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 351 23 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 351 24 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 351 25 past past JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 351 26 decade decade NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 351 27 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 352 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 352 2 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 352 3 therefore therefore RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 352 4 not not RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 352 5 surprising surprising JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 352 6 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 352 7 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 352 8 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 352 9 plays play VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 352 10 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 352 11 leading leading JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 352 12 role role NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 352 13 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 352 14 other other JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 352 15 investment investment NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 352 16 vehicles vehicle NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 352 17 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 352 18 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 352 19 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 353 1 All all DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 353 2 results result NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 353 3 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 353 4 Table Table NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 353 5 6 6 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 353 6 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 353 7 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 353 8 show show VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 353 9 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 353 10 uni uni JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 353 11 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 353 12 directional directional JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 353 13 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 353 14 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 353 15 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 353 16 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 353 17 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 353 18 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 353 19 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 353 20 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 353 21 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 1 In in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 2 summary summary NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 3 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 5 null null JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 6 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 7 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 8 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 9 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 10 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 11 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 12 index index NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 13 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 14 not not RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 15 influenced influence VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 16 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 17 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 18 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 19 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 20 index index NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 21 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 22 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 23 rejected reject VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 24 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 25 Singapore Singapore NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 26 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 27 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 28 over over IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 29 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 30 sample sample NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 31 period period NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 354 32 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 355 1 This this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 355 2 indicates indicate VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 355 3 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 355 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 355 5 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 355 6 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 355 7 index index NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 355 8 may may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 355 9 be be VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 355 10 used use VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 355 11 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 355 12 forecast forecast VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 355 13 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 355 14 index index NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 355 15 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 355 16 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 355 17 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 355 18 countries country NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 355 19 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 1 In in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 2 other other JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 3 words word NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 4 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 5 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 6 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 7 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 8 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 9 led lead VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 10 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 11 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 12 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 13 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 14 had have VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 15 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 16 significant significant JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 17 impact impact NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 18 on on IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 19 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 20 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 21 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 22 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 23 both both DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 24 countries country NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 25 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 26 indicating indicate VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 27 people people NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 28 's 's POS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 29 preference preference NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 30 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 31 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 32 assets asset NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 33 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 34 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 35 homeownership homeownership NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 356 36 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 2 swift swift JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 3 development development NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 4 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 5 Asia Asia NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 6 's 's POS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 7 economy economy NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 8 has have VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 9 caused cause VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 10 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 11 significant significant JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 12 appreciation appreciation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 13 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 14 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 15 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 16 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 17 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 18 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 19 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 20 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 21 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 22 Asian asian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 23 region region NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 24 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 25 gained gain VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 26 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 27 attention attention NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 28 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 29 global global JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 30 investors investor NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 357 31 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 358 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 358 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 358 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 358 4 examined examine VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 358 5 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 358 6 integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 358 7 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 358 8 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 358 9 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 358 10 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 358 11 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 358 12 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 358 13 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 358 14 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 358 15 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 358 16 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 358 17 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 358 18 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 358 19 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 358 20 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 358 21 Japan Japan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 358 22 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 358 23 Singapore Singapore NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 358 24 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 358 25 South South NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 358 26 Korea Korea NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 358 27 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 358 28 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 358 29 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 358 30 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 359 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 359 2 Johansen Johansen NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 359 3 co co NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 359 4 - - NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 359 5 integration integration JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 359 6 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 359 7 was be VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 359 8 applied apply VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 359 9 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 359 10 examining examine VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 359 11 this this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 359 12 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 359 13 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 359 14 this this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 359 15 study study NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 359 16 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 1 For for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 2 robustness robustness NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 3 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 4 we -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 5 also also RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 6 applied apply VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 7 Okunev Okunev NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 8 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 9 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 10 's 's POS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 12 1997 1997 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 14 method method NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 15 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 16 examine examine VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 17 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 18 fractional fractional JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 19 integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 20 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 21 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 22 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 23 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 24 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 25 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 26 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 27 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 28 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 29 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 30 absence absence NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 31 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 32 cointegration cointegration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 360 33 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 2 found find VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 3 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 5 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 6 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 7 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 8 integrated integrate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 9 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 10 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 11 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 12 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 13 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 14 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 15 Japan Japan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 16 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 17 but but CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 18 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 19 fractionally fractionally RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 20 integrated integrate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 21 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 22 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 23 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 24 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 25 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 26 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 27 China China NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 28 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 29 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 30 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 31 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 32 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 33 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 361 34 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 362 1 However however RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 362 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 362 3 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 362 4 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 362 5 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 362 6 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 362 7 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 362 8 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 362 9 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 362 10 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 362 11 segmented segment VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 362 12 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 362 13 South South NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 362 14 Korea Korea NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 362 15 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 362 16 Singapore Singapore NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 362 17 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 2 former former JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 3 results result NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 4 indicate indicate VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 5 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 6 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 7 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 8 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 9 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 10 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 11 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 12 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 13 will will MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 14 reach reach VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 15 equilibrium equilibrium NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 16 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 17 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 18 long long JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 19 run run NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 20 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 21 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 22 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 23 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 24 assets asset NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 25 may may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 26 be be VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 27 substitutable substitutable JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 28 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 29 investment investment NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 30 strategy strategy NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 363 31 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 364 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 364 2 latter latter JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 364 3 implies imply VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 364 4 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 364 5 it -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 364 6 provides provide VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 364 7 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 364 8 diversification diversification NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 364 9 function function NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 364 10 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 364 11 portfolio portfolio NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 364 12 allocation allocation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 364 13 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 365 1 As as IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 365 2 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 365 3 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 365 4 causality causality NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 365 5 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 365 6 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 365 7 we -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 365 8 found find VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 365 9 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 365 10 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 365 11 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 365 12 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 365 13 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 365 14 significantly significantly RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 365 15 led lead VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 365 16 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 365 17 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 365 18 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 365 19 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 365 20 Singapore Singapore NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 365 21 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 365 22 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 365 23 over over IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 365 24 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 365 25 entire entire JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 365 26 sample sample NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 365 27 period period NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 365 28 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 366 1 This this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 366 2 finding finding NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 366 3 indicates indicate VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 366 4 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 366 5 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 366 6 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 366 7 index index NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 366 8 may may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 366 9 be be VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 366 10 used use VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 366 11 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 366 12 forecast forecast VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 366 13 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 366 14 index index NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 366 15 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 366 16 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 366 17 two two CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 366 18 countries country NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 366 19 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 367 1 Therefore therefore RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 367 2 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 367 3 policy policy NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 367 4 makers maker NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 367 5 may may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 367 6 pay pay VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 367 7 attention attention NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 367 8 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 367 9 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 367 10 development development NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 367 11 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 367 12 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 367 13 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 367 14 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 367 15 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 367 16 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 367 17 prevent prevent VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 367 18 volatility volatility NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 367 19 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 367 20 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 367 21 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 367 22 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 367 23 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 1 In in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 2 sum sum NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 3 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 4 we -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 5 conclude conclude VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 6 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 7 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 8 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 9 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 10 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 11 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 12 may may MD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 13 show show VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 14 various various JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 15 inter inter JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 16 - - NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 17 relationships relationship NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 18 under under IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 19 different different JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 20 economic economic JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 21 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 22 political political JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 23 policy policy NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 24 environments environment NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 25 according accord VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 26 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 27 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 28 empirical empirical JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 29 results result NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 30 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 31 these these DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 32 Asian asian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 33 economies economy NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 34 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 35 this this DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 36 study study NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 368 37 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 2 fractal fractal JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 3 structure structure NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 4 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 5 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 6 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 7 investment investment NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 8 trust trust NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 9 returns return NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 10 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 11 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 12 search search NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 13 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 14 evidence evidence NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 15 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 16 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 17 segmentation segmentation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 18 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 19 nonlinear nonlinear JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 20 dependency dependency NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 21 Systematic systematic JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 22 asset asset NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 23 allocation allocation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 24 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 25 financial financial JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 26 accelerator accelerator NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 27 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 28 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 29 flight flight NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 30 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 369 31 quality quality NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 370 1 Comparing compare VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 370 2 wealth wealth NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 370 3 effects effect NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 370 4 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 370 5 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 370 6 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 370 7 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 370 8 versus versus IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 370 9 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 370 10 housing housing NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 370 11 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 370 12 Stationarity stationarity NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 370 13 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 370 14 co co NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 370 15 - - NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 370 16 integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 370 17 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 370 18 systems system NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 370 19 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 370 20 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 370 21 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 370 22 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 370 23 financial financial JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 370 24 assets asset NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 371 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 371 2 long long RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 371 3 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 371 4 run run NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 371 5 diversification diversification NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 371 6 attributes attribute NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 371 7 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 371 8 commercial commercial JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 371 9 property property NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 1 Investigating investigate VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 2 causal causal JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 3 relations relation NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 4 by by IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 5 econometrics econometrics NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 6 models model NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 7 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 8 cross cross JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 9 spectral spectral JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 10 methods method NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 11 Causality causality NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 12 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 13 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 14 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 15 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 16 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 17 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 18 case case NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 19 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 20 Hong Hong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 21 Kong Kong NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 22 Statistical Statistical NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 23 analysis analysis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 24 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 25 co co JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 26 - - NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 27 integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 28 vectors vector NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 29 Maximum maximum JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 30 likelihood likelihood NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 31 estimation estimation NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 32 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 33 inference inference NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 34 on on IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 35 co co NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 36 - - NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 37 integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 38 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 39 applications application NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 40 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 41 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 42 demand demand NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 43 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 44 money money NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 45 Evolution evolution NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 46 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 47 international international JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 48 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 49 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 50 bond bond NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 51 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 52 integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 53 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 54 influence influence NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 55 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 56 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 57 European European NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 58 Monetary Monetary NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 59 Union Union NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 60 Testing Testing NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 61 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 62 null null JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 63 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 64 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 65 stationarity stationarity NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 66 against against IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 67 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 68 alternative alternative NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 69 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 70 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 71 unit unit NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 72 root root NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 73 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 74 how how WRB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 75 sure sure JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 76 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 77 we -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 78 that that IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 79 economic economic JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 80 time time NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 81 series series NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 82 have have VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 83 a a DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 84 unit unit NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 372 85 root root NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 2 integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 3 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 4 commercial commercial JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 5 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 6 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 7 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 8 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 9 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 10 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 11 Net net JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 12 asset asset NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 13 value value NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 14 discounts discount NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 15 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 16 Asian Asian NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 17 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 18 Pacific pacific JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 19 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 20 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 21 companies company NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 22 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 23 long long RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 24 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 25 run run NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 26 relationships relationship NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 27 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 28 short short JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 29 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 30 term term NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 31 dynamics dynamic NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 32 Long long JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 33 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 34 term term NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 35 co co NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 36 - - NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 37 memories memory NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 38 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 39 short short JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 40 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 41 run run NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 42 adjustment adjustment NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 43 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 44 securitized securitize VBD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 45 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 46 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 47 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 48 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 373 49 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 374 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 374 2 integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 374 3 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 374 4 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 374 5 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 374 6 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 374 7 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 374 8 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 374 9 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 374 10 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 374 11 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 374 12 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 374 13 some some DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 374 14 preliminary preliminary JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 374 15 evidence evidence NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 374 16 Are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 374 17 Asian asian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 374 18 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 374 19 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 374 20 fluctuations fluctuation NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 374 21 due due JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 374 22 mainly mainly RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 374 23 to to IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 374 24 intra intra JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 374 25 - - JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 374 26 regional regional JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 374 27 contagion contagion NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 374 28 effects effect NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 374 29 ? ? . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 375 1 Evidence evidence NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 375 2 based base VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 375 3 on on IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 375 4 Asian asian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 375 5 emerging emerge VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 375 6 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 375 7 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 375 8 Using use VBG cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 375 9 nonlinear nonlinear JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 375 10 tests test NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 375 11 to to TO cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 375 12 examine examine VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 375 13 integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 375 14 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 375 15 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 375 16 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 375 17 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 375 18 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 375 19 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 376 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 376 2 causal causal JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 376 3 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 376 4 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 376 5 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 376 6 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 376 7 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 376 8 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 376 9 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 376 10 Capital Capital NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 376 11 market market NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 376 12 integration integration NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 376 13 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 376 14 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 376 15 Pacific Pacific NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 376 16 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 376 17 Basin Basin NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 376 18 region region NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 376 19 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 376 20 an an DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 376 21 analysis analysis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 376 22 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 376 23 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 376 24 interest interest NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 376 25 rate rate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 376 26 linkages linkage NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 377 1 Do do VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 377 2 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 377 3 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 377 4 prices price NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 377 5 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 377 6 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 377 7 prices price NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 377 8 move move VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 377 9 together together RB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 377 10 ? ? . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 1 An an DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 2 international international JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 3 analysis analysis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 4 Macroeconomics macroeconomic NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 5 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 6 reality reality NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 7 Long long JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 8 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 9 term term NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 10 dependencies dependency NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 11 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 12 long long JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 13 run run NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 14 non non JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 15 - - JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 16 periodic periodic JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 17 co co NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 18 - - NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 19 cycles cycle NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 20 : : : cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 21 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 22 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 23 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 24 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 25 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 26 Are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 27 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 28 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 29 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 30 securities security NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 31 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 32 integrated integrate VBN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 378 33 ? ? . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 1 The the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 2 authors author NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 3 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 4 grateful grateful JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 5 for for IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 6 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 7 support support NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 8 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 9 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 10 National National NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 11 Science Science NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 12 Foundation Foundation NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 14 NSC NSC NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 15 99 99 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 16 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 17 2410-H-004 2410-h-004 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 18 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 19 181 181 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 21 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 22 Taiwan Taiwan NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 23 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 24 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 25 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 26 valuable valuable JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 27 comments comment NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 28 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 29 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 30 editor editor NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 31 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 32 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 33 anonymous anonymous JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 34 referee referee NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 35 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 379 36 _SP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 380 1 Table table NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 380 2 6 6 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 380 3 Granger Granger NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 380 4 causality causality NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 380 5 test test NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 380 6 in in IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 380 7 Asian asian JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 380 8 stock stock NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 380 9 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 380 10 index index NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 380 11 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 380 12 real real JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 380 13 estate estate NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 380 14 markets market NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 380 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 380 16 1995Q1 1995q1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 380 17 - - SYM cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 380 18 2010Q2 2010q2 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 380 19 Granger Granger NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 380 20 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 380 21 causes cause VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 380 22 y y NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 380 23 1 1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 380 24 t t NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 380 25 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 381 1 If if IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 381 2 the the DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 381 3 null null JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 381 4 hypothesis hypothesis NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 381 5 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 381 6 coefficients coefficient NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 381 7 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 381 8 β β NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 381 9 1i 1i NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 381 10 = = SYM cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 381 11 0 0 NFP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 381 12 is be VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 381 13 reject reject VB cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 381 14 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 381 15 it -PRON- PRP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 381 16 implies imply VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 381 17 that that DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 382 1 y y NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 382 2 1 1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 382 3 t t NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 382 4 Granger Granger NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 382 5 - - HYPH cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 382 6 causes cause VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 382 7 y y NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 382 8 2 2 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 382 9 t t NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 382 10 . . . cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 383 1 If if IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 383 2 both both DT cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 383 3 coefficients coefficient NNS cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 383 4 of of IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 383 5 α α NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 383 6 2i 2i CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 383 7 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 383 8 β β NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 383 9 1i 1i CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 383 10 are be VBP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 383 11 different different JJ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 383 12 from from IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 383 13 zero zero CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 383 14 with with IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 383 15 significance significance NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 383 16 , , , cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 383 17 there there EX cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 383 18 exists exist VBZ cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 383 19 feedback feedback NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 383 20 relationship relationship NN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 383 21 between between IN cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 383 22 y y NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 383 23 1 1 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 383 24 t t NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 383 25 and and CC cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 383 26 y y NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 383 27 2 2 CD cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 383 28 t t NNP cord-323716-ak6zgyh1 383 29 . . .