id sid tid token lemma pos cord-304266-49e723rj 1 1 key key JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 1 2 : : : cord-304266-49e723rj 1 3 cord-304266 cord-304266 NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 1 4 - - HYPH cord-304266-49e723rj 1 5 49e723rj 49e723rj CD cord-304266-49e723rj 1 6 authors author NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 1 7 : : : cord-304266-49e723rj 1 8 Barone Barone NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 1 9 - - HYPH cord-304266-49e723rj 1 10 Adesi Adesi NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 1 11 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 1 12 Francesco Francesco NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 1 13 ; ; : cord-304266-49e723rj 1 14 Ragazzoni Ragazzoni NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 1 15 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 1 16 Luca Luca NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 1 17 ; ; : cord-304266-49e723rj 1 18 Schmid Schmid NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 1 19 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 1 20 Maurizio Maurizio NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 2 1 title title NN cord-304266-49e723rj 2 2 : : : cord-304266-49e723rj 2 3 Investigating investigate VBG cord-304266-49e723rj 2 4 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 2 5 Determinants determinant NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 2 6 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 2 7 High High NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 2 8 Case Case NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 2 9 - - HYPH cord-304266-49e723rj 2 10 Fatality fatality NN cord-304266-49e723rj 2 11 Rate rate NN cord-304266-49e723rj 2 12 for for IN cord-304266-49e723rj 2 13 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 2 14 Disease Disease NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 2 15 2019 2019 CD cord-304266-49e723rj 2 16 in in IN cord-304266-49e723rj 2 17 Italy Italy NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 2 18 date date NN cord-304266-49e723rj 2 19 : : : cord-304266-49e723rj 2 20 2020 2020 CD cord-304266-49e723rj 2 21 - - HYPH cord-304266-49e723rj 2 22 04 04 CD cord-304266-49e723rj 2 23 - - HYPH cord-304266-49e723rj 2 24 16 16 CD cord-304266-49e723rj 2 25 journal journal NN cord-304266-49e723rj 2 26 : : : cord-304266-49e723rj 3 1 Disaster disaster NN cord-304266-49e723rj 3 2 medicine medicine NN cord-304266-49e723rj 3 3 and and CC cord-304266-49e723rj 3 4 public public JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 3 5 health health NN cord-304266-49e723rj 3 6 preparedness preparedness NN cord-304266-49e723rj 4 1 DOI DOI NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 4 2 : : : cord-304266-49e723rj 5 1 10.1017 10.1017 CD cord-304266-49e723rj 5 2 / / SYM cord-304266-49e723rj 5 3 dmp.2020.106 dmp.2020.106 NN cord-304266-49e723rj 5 4 sha sha NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 5 5 : : : cord-304266-49e723rj 6 1 de33040c7f938b7753cef3261d121f9e2e7c2aec de33040c7f938b7753cef3261d121f9e2e7c2aec NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 6 2 doc_id doc_id NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 6 3 : : : cord-304266-49e723rj 6 4 304266 304266 CD cord-304266-49e723rj 6 5 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 6 6 : : : cord-304266-49e723rj 6 7 49e723rj 49e723rj CD cord-304266-49e723rj 6 8 Case case NN cord-304266-49e723rj 6 9 - - HYPH cord-304266-49e723rj 6 10 Fatality fatality NN cord-304266-49e723rj 6 11 Rate rate NN cord-304266-49e723rj 6 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-304266-49e723rj 6 13 CFR CFR NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 6 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-304266-49e723rj 6 15 for for IN cord-304266-49e723rj 6 16 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 6 17 in in IN cord-304266-49e723rj 6 18 Italy Italy NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 6 19 is be VBZ cord-304266-49e723rj 6 20 apparently apparently RB cord-304266-49e723rj 6 21 much much RB cord-304266-49e723rj 6 22 higher high JJR cord-304266-49e723rj 6 23 than than IN cord-304266-49e723rj 6 24 in in IN cord-304266-49e723rj 6 25 other other JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 6 26 countries country NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 6 27 . . . cord-304266-49e723rj 7 1 Using use VBG cord-304266-49e723rj 7 2 data datum NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 7 3 from from IN cord-304266-49e723rj 7 4 Italy Italy NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 7 5 and and CC cord-304266-49e723rj 7 6 other other JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 7 7 countries country NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 7 8 we -PRON- PRP cord-304266-49e723rj 7 9 evaluated evaluate VBD cord-304266-49e723rj 7 10 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 7 11 role role NN cord-304266-49e723rj 7 12 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 7 13 different different JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 7 14 determinants determinant NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 7 15 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 7 16 this this DT cord-304266-49e723rj 7 17 phenomenon phenomenon NN cord-304266-49e723rj 7 18 . . . cord-304266-49e723rj 8 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-304266-49e723rj 8 2 found find VBD cord-304266-49e723rj 8 3 that that IN cord-304266-49e723rj 8 4 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 8 5 Italian italian JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 8 6 testing testing NN cord-304266-49e723rj 8 7 strategy strategy NN cord-304266-49e723rj 8 8 could could MD cord-304266-49e723rj 8 9 explain explain VB cord-304266-49e723rj 8 10 an an DT cord-304266-49e723rj 8 11 important important JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 8 12 part part NN cord-304266-49e723rj 8 13 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 8 14 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 8 15 observed observed JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 8 16 difference difference NN cord-304266-49e723rj 8 17 in in IN cord-304266-49e723rj 8 18 CFR CFR NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 8 19 . . . cord-304266-49e723rj 9 1 In in IN cord-304266-49e723rj 9 2 particular particular JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 9 3 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 9 4 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 9 5 majority majority NN cord-304266-49e723rj 9 6 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 9 7 patients patient NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 9 8 that that WDT cord-304266-49e723rj 9 9 are be VBP cord-304266-49e723rj 9 10 currently currently RB cord-304266-49e723rj 9 11 tested test VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 9 12 in in IN cord-304266-49e723rj 9 13 Italy Italy NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 9 14 have have VBP cord-304266-49e723rj 9 15 severe severe JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 9 16 clinical clinical JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 9 17 symptoms symptom NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 9 18 that that WDT cord-304266-49e723rj 9 19 usually usually RB cord-304266-49e723rj 9 20 require require VBP cord-304266-49e723rj 9 21 hospitalization hospitalization NN cord-304266-49e723rj 9 22 and and CC cord-304266-49e723rj 9 23 this this DT cord-304266-49e723rj 9 24 translates translate VBZ cord-304266-49e723rj 9 25 to to IN cord-304266-49e723rj 9 26 a a DT cord-304266-49e723rj 9 27 large large JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 9 28 CFR CFR NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 9 29 . . . cord-304266-49e723rj 10 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-304266-49e723rj 10 2 are be VBP cord-304266-49e723rj 10 3 confident confident JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 10 4 that that IN cord-304266-49e723rj 10 5 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 10 6 once once IN cord-304266-49e723rj 10 7 modifications modification NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 10 8 in in IN cord-304266-49e723rj 10 9 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 10 10 testing testing NN cord-304266-49e723rj 10 11 strategy strategy NN cord-304266-49e723rj 10 12 leading lead VBG cord-304266-49e723rj 10 13 to to IN cord-304266-49e723rj 10 14 higher high JJR cord-304266-49e723rj 10 15 population population NN cord-304266-49e723rj 10 16 coverage coverage NN cord-304266-49e723rj 10 17 are be VBP cord-304266-49e723rj 10 18 consistently consistently RB cord-304266-49e723rj 10 19 adopted adopt VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 10 20 in in IN cord-304266-49e723rj 10 21 Italy Italy NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 10 22 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 10 23 CFR CFR NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 10 24 will will MD cord-304266-49e723rj 10 25 realign realign VB cord-304266-49e723rj 10 26 with with IN cord-304266-49e723rj 10 27 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 10 28 values value NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 10 29 reported report VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 10 30 worldwide worldwide RB cord-304266-49e723rj 10 31 . . . cord-304266-49e723rj 11 1 T T NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 11 2 he -PRON- PRP cord-304266-49e723rj 11 3 epidemiologic epidemiologic JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 11 4 features feature NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 11 5 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 11 6 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 11 7 recent recent JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 11 8 pandemic pandemic NN cord-304266-49e723rj 11 9 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 11 10 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-304266-49e723rj 11 11 disease disease NN cord-304266-49e723rj 11 12 2019 2019 CD cord-304266-49e723rj 11 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-304266-49e723rj 11 14 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 11 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-304266-49e723rj 11 16 have have VBP cord-304266-49e723rj 11 17 been be VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 11 18 shown show VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 11 19 to to TO cord-304266-49e723rj 11 20 relevantly relevantly RB cord-304266-49e723rj 11 21 vary vary VB cord-304266-49e723rj 11 22 among among IN cord-304266-49e723rj 11 23 countries country NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 11 24 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 11 25 1 1 CD cord-304266-49e723rj 11 26 with with IN cord-304266-49e723rj 11 27 substantial substantial JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 11 28 differences difference NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 11 29 in in IN cord-304266-49e723rj 11 30 terms term NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 11 31 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 11 32 incidence incidence NN cord-304266-49e723rj 11 33 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 11 34 mortality mortality NN cord-304266-49e723rj 11 35 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 11 36 and and CC cord-304266-49e723rj 11 37 case case NN cord-304266-49e723rj 11 38 - - HYPH cord-304266-49e723rj 11 39 fatality fatality NN cord-304266-49e723rj 11 40 rate rate NN cord-304266-49e723rj 11 41 ( ( -LRB- cord-304266-49e723rj 11 42 CFR CFR NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 11 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-304266-49e723rj 11 44 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 11 45 a a DT cord-304266-49e723rj 11 46 parameter parameter NN cord-304266-49e723rj 11 47 whose whose WP$ cord-304266-49e723rj 11 48 crude crude JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 11 49 estimation estimation NN cord-304266-49e723rj 11 50 is be VBZ cord-304266-49e723rj 11 51 obtained obtain VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 11 52 by by IN cord-304266-49e723rj 11 53 dividing divide VBG cord-304266-49e723rj 11 54 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 11 55 number number NN cord-304266-49e723rj 11 56 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 11 57 deaths death NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 11 58 by by IN cord-304266-49e723rj 11 59 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 11 60 total total JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 11 61 number number NN cord-304266-49e723rj 11 62 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 11 63 cases case NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 11 64 . . . cord-304266-49e723rj 12 1 In in IN cord-304266-49e723rj 12 2 particular particular JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 12 3 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 12 4 a a DT cord-304266-49e723rj 12 5 substantially substantially RB cord-304266-49e723rj 12 6 higher high JJR cord-304266-49e723rj 12 7 CFR CFR NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 12 8 for for IN cord-304266-49e723rj 12 9 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 12 10 was be VBD cord-304266-49e723rj 12 11 reported report VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 12 12 for for IN cord-304266-49e723rj 12 13 Italy Italy NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 12 14 compared compare VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 12 15 with with IN cord-304266-49e723rj 12 16 other other JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 12 17 countries country NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 12 18 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 12 19 and and CC cord-304266-49e723rj 12 20 several several JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 12 21 authors author NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 12 22 put put VBP cord-304266-49e723rj 12 23 forward forward RB cord-304266-49e723rj 12 24 different different JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 12 25 hypotheses hypothesis NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 12 26 to to TO cord-304266-49e723rj 12 27 explain explain VB cord-304266-49e723rj 12 28 it -PRON- PRP cord-304266-49e723rj 12 29 . . . cord-304266-49e723rj 13 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-304266-49e723rj 13 2 2 2 LS cord-304266-49e723rj 13 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-304266-49e723rj 13 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-304266-49e723rj 13 5 3 3 CD cord-304266-49e723rj 13 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-304266-49e723rj 13 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-304266-49e723rj 13 8 4 4 LS cord-304266-49e723rj 13 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-304266-49e723rj 13 10 Using use VBG cord-304266-49e723rj 13 11 data datum NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 13 12 from from IN cord-304266-49e723rj 13 13 China China NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 13 14 and and CC cord-304266-49e723rj 13 15 Italy Italy NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 13 16 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 13 17 1 1 CD cord-304266-49e723rj 13 18 paper paper NN cord-304266-49e723rj 13 19 suggested suggest VBD cord-304266-49e723rj 13 20 that that IN cord-304266-49e723rj 13 21 this this DT cord-304266-49e723rj 13 22 phenomenon phenomenon NN cord-304266-49e723rj 13 23 could could MD cord-304266-49e723rj 13 24 be be VB cord-304266-49e723rj 13 25 due due JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 13 26 to to IN cord-304266-49e723rj 13 27 mainly mainly RB cord-304266-49e723rj 13 28 3 3 CD cord-304266-49e723rj 13 29 different different JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 13 30 factors factor NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 13 31 2 2 CD cord-304266-49e723rj 13 32 : : : cord-304266-49e723rj 13 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-304266-49e723rj 13 34 1 1 LS cord-304266-49e723rj 13 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-304266-49e723rj 13 36 a a DT cord-304266-49e723rj 13 37 diverse diverse JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 13 38 age age NN cord-304266-49e723rj 13 39 distribution distribution NN cord-304266-49e723rj 13 40 ; ; , cord-304266-49e723rj 13 41 ( ( -LRB- cord-304266-49e723rj 13 42 2 2 LS cord-304266-49e723rj 13 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-304266-49e723rj 13 44 a a DT cord-304266-49e723rj 13 45 different different JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 13 46 definition definition NN cord-304266-49e723rj 13 47 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 13 48 COVID-19-related covid-19-related JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 13 49 deaths death NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 13 50 ; ; : cord-304266-49e723rj 13 51 and and CC cord-304266-49e723rj 13 52 ( ( -LRB- cord-304266-49e723rj 13 53 3 3 LS cord-304266-49e723rj 13 54 ) ) -RRB- cord-304266-49e723rj 13 55 a a DT cord-304266-49e723rj 13 56 countryspecific countryspecific JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 13 57 strategy strategy NN cord-304266-49e723rj 13 58 in in IN cord-304266-49e723rj 13 59 testing testing NN cord-304266-49e723rj 13 60 . . . cord-304266-49e723rj 14 1 Expanding expand VBG cord-304266-49e723rj 14 2 on on IN cord-304266-49e723rj 14 3 this this DT cord-304266-49e723rj 14 4 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 14 5 we -PRON- PRP cord-304266-49e723rj 14 6 tried try VBD cord-304266-49e723rj 14 7 to to TO cord-304266-49e723rj 14 8 single single VB cord-304266-49e723rj 14 9 out out RP cord-304266-49e723rj 14 10 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 14 11 effect effect NN cord-304266-49e723rj 14 12 coming come VBG cord-304266-49e723rj 14 13 from from IN cord-304266-49e723rj 14 14 each each DT cord-304266-49e723rj 14 15 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 14 16 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 14 17 3 3 CD cord-304266-49e723rj 14 18 suggested suggest VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 14 19 causes cause NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 14 20 . . . cord-304266-49e723rj 15 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-304266-49e723rj 15 2 used use VBD cord-304266-49e723rj 15 3 direct direct JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 15 4 standardization standardization NN cord-304266-49e723rj 15 5 and and CC cord-304266-49e723rj 15 6 applied apply VBD cord-304266-49e723rj 15 7 Chinese chinese JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 15 8 age age NN cord-304266-49e723rj 15 9 - - HYPH cord-304266-49e723rj 15 10 specific specific JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 15 11 risk risk NN cord-304266-49e723rj 15 12 displayed display VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 15 13 in in IN cord-304266-49e723rj 15 14 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 15 15 Onder Onder NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 15 16 et et NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 15 17 al al NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 15 18 . . . cord-304266-49e723rj 16 1 study study NN cord-304266-49e723rj 16 2 2 2 CD cord-304266-49e723rj 16 3 to to IN cord-304266-49e723rj 16 4 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 16 5 Italian italian JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 16 6 age age NN cord-304266-49e723rj 16 7 structure structure NN cord-304266-49e723rj 16 8 to to TO cord-304266-49e723rj 16 9 accommodate accommodate VB cord-304266-49e723rj 16 10 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 16 11 possible possible JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 16 12 effect effect NN cord-304266-49e723rj 16 13 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 16 14 age age NN cord-304266-49e723rj 16 15 . . . cord-304266-49e723rj 17 1 As as IN cord-304266-49e723rj 17 2 expected expect VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 17 3 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 17 4 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 17 5 corresponding correspond VBG cord-304266-49e723rj 17 6 standardized standardize VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 17 7 CFR CFR NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 17 8 was be VBD cord-304266-49e723rj 17 9 higher high JJR cord-304266-49e723rj 17 10 than than IN cord-304266-49e723rj 17 11 that that DT cord-304266-49e723rj 17 12 shown show VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 17 13 in in IN cord-304266-49e723rj 17 14 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 17 15 original original JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 17 16 article article NN cord-304266-49e723rj 17 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-304266-49e723rj 17 18 5.3 5.3 CD cord-304266-49e723rj 17 19 % % NN cord-304266-49e723rj 17 20 as as IN cord-304266-49e723rj 17 21 compared compare VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 17 22 with with IN cord-304266-49e723rj 17 23 2.4 2.4 CD cord-304266-49e723rj 17 24 % % NN cord-304266-49e723rj 17 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-304266-49e723rj 17 26 . . . cord-304266-49e723rj 18 1 However however RB cord-304266-49e723rj 18 2 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 18 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-304266-49e723rj 18 4 was be VBD cord-304266-49e723rj 18 5 still still RB cord-304266-49e723rj 18 6 far far RB cord-304266-49e723rj 18 7 from from IN cord-304266-49e723rj 18 8 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 18 9 1 1 CD cord-304266-49e723rj 18 10 currently currently RB cord-304266-49e723rj 18 11 reported report VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 18 12 in in IN cord-304266-49e723rj 18 13 Italy Italy NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 18 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-304266-49e723rj 18 15 12.7 12.7 CD cord-304266-49e723rj 18 16 % % NN cord-304266-49e723rj 18 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-304266-49e723rj 18 18 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 18 19 thus thus RB cord-304266-49e723rj 18 20 suggesting suggest VBG cord-304266-49e723rj 18 21 that that IN cord-304266-49e723rj 18 22 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 18 23 different different JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 18 24 age age NN cord-304266-49e723rj 18 25 distribution distribution NN cord-304266-49e723rj 18 26 between between IN cord-304266-49e723rj 18 27 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 18 28 2 2 CD cord-304266-49e723rj 18 29 samples sample NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 18 30 accounts account NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 18 31 for for IN cord-304266-49e723rj 18 32 only only RB cord-304266-49e723rj 18 33 a a DT cord-304266-49e723rj 18 34 part part NN cord-304266-49e723rj 18 35 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 18 36 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 18 37 difference difference NN cord-304266-49e723rj 18 38 in in IN cord-304266-49e723rj 18 39 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 18 40 CFR CFR NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 18 41 . . . cord-304266-49e723rj 19 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-304266-49e723rj 19 2 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 19 3 this this DT cord-304266-49e723rj 19 4 would would MD cord-304266-49e723rj 19 5 hardly hardly RB cord-304266-49e723rj 19 6 explain explain VB cord-304266-49e723rj 19 7 why why WRB cord-304266-49e723rj 19 8 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 19 9 Italian italian JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 19 10 CFR CFR NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 19 11 is be VBZ cord-304266-49e723rj 19 12 also also RB cord-304266-49e723rj 19 13 substantially substantially RB cord-304266-49e723rj 19 14 higher high JJR cord-304266-49e723rj 19 15 than than IN cord-304266-49e723rj 19 16 that that DT cord-304266-49e723rj 19 17 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 19 18 countries country NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 19 19 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 19 20 such such JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 19 21 as as IN cord-304266-49e723rj 19 22 Greece Greece NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 19 23 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 19 24 Portugal Portugal NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 19 25 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 19 26 and and CC cord-304266-49e723rj 19 27 Germany Germany NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 19 28 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 19 29 which which WDT cord-304266-49e723rj 19 30 share share VBP cord-304266-49e723rj 19 31 a a DT cord-304266-49e723rj 19 32 very very RB cord-304266-49e723rj 19 33 similar similar JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 19 34 age age NN cord-304266-49e723rj 19 35 structure structure NN cord-304266-49e723rj 19 36 with with IN cord-304266-49e723rj 19 37 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 19 38 Italian italian JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 19 39 population population NN cord-304266-49e723rj 19 40 . . . cord-304266-49e723rj 20 1 Regarding regard VBG cord-304266-49e723rj 20 2 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 20 3 definition definition NN cord-304266-49e723rj 20 4 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 20 5 COVID-19-related covid-19-related JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 20 6 deaths death NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 20 7 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 20 8 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 20 9 criteria criterion NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 20 10 used use VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 20 11 by by IN cord-304266-49e723rj 20 12 each each DT cord-304266-49e723rj 20 13 country country NN cord-304266-49e723rj 20 14 are be VBP cord-304266-49e723rj 20 15 often often RB cord-304266-49e723rj 20 16 not not RB cord-304266-49e723rj 20 17 clearly clearly RB cord-304266-49e723rj 20 18 defined define VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 20 19 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 20 20 making make VBG cord-304266-49e723rj 20 21 comparisons comparison NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 20 22 difficult difficult JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 20 23 . . . cord-304266-49e723rj 21 1 However however RB cord-304266-49e723rj 21 2 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 21 3 this this DT cord-304266-49e723rj 21 4 might may MD cord-304266-49e723rj 21 5 not not RB cord-304266-49e723rj 21 6 apply apply VB cord-304266-49e723rj 21 7 to to IN cord-304266-49e723rj 21 8 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 21 9 comparison comparison NN cord-304266-49e723rj 21 10 between between IN cord-304266-49e723rj 21 11 Italian italian JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 21 12 and and CC cord-304266-49e723rj 21 13 Chinese chinese JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 21 14 data datum NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 21 15 used use VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 21 16 in in IN cord-304266-49e723rj 21 17 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 21 18 Onder Onder NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 21 19 et et NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 21 20 al al NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 21 21 . . NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 21 22 study study NN cord-304266-49e723rj 21 23 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 21 24 2 2 CD cord-304266-49e723rj 21 25 because because IN cord-304266-49e723rj 21 26 all all DT cord-304266-49e723rj 21 27 confirmed confirm VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 21 28 cases case NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 21 29 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 21 30 patients patient NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 21 31 who who WP cord-304266-49e723rj 21 32 eventually eventually RB cord-304266-49e723rj 21 33 died die VBD cord-304266-49e723rj 21 34 were be VBD cord-304266-49e723rj 21 35 considered consider VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 21 36 as as IN cord-304266-49e723rj 21 37 COVID-19-related covid-19-related JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 21 38 deaths death NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 21 39 in in IN cord-304266-49e723rj 21 40 China China NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 21 41 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 21 42 a a DT cord-304266-49e723rj 21 43 definition definition NN cord-304266-49e723rj 21 44 very very RB cord-304266-49e723rj 21 45 similar similar JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 21 46 to to IN cord-304266-49e723rj 21 47 that that DT cord-304266-49e723rj 21 48 used use VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 21 49 in in IN cord-304266-49e723rj 21 50 Italy Italy NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 21 51 . . . cord-304266-49e723rj 22 1 On on IN cord-304266-49e723rj 22 2 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 22 3 other other JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 22 4 hand hand NN cord-304266-49e723rj 22 5 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 22 6 we -PRON- PRP cord-304266-49e723rj 22 7 think think VBP cord-304266-49e723rj 22 8 that that IN cord-304266-49e723rj 22 9 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 22 10 Italian italian JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 22 11 testing testing NN cord-304266-49e723rj 22 12 strategy strategy NN cord-304266-49e723rj 22 13 could could MD cord-304266-49e723rj 22 14 explain explain VB cord-304266-49e723rj 22 15 an an DT cord-304266-49e723rj 22 16 important important JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 22 17 part part NN cord-304266-49e723rj 22 18 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 22 19 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 22 20 observed observed JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 22 21 difference difference NN cord-304266-49e723rj 22 22 in in IN cord-304266-49e723rj 22 23 CFRs cfr NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 22 24 . . . cord-304266-49e723rj 23 1 The the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 23 2 majority majority NN cord-304266-49e723rj 23 3 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 23 4 patients patient NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 23 5 who who WP cord-304266-49e723rj 23 6 are be VBP cord-304266-49e723rj 23 7 currently currently RB cord-304266-49e723rj 23 8 tested test VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 23 9 in in IN cord-304266-49e723rj 23 10 Italy Italy NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 23 11 have have VBP cord-304266-49e723rj 23 12 severe severe JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 23 13 clinical clinical JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 23 14 symptoms symptom NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 23 15 that that WDT cord-304266-49e723rj 23 16 usually usually RB cord-304266-49e723rj 23 17 require require VBP cord-304266-49e723rj 23 18 hospitalization hospitalization NN cord-304266-49e723rj 23 19 . . . cord-304266-49e723rj 24 1 Indeed indeed RB cord-304266-49e723rj 24 2 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 24 3 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 24 4 proportion proportion NN cord-304266-49e723rj 24 5 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 24 6 positive positive JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 24 7 patient patient NN cord-304266-49e723rj 24 8 - - HYPH cord-304266-49e723rj 24 9 cases case NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 24 10 that that WDT cord-304266-49e723rj 24 11 are be VBP cord-304266-49e723rj 24 12 admitted admit VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 24 13 to to IN cord-304266-49e723rj 24 14 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 24 15 hospital hospital NN cord-304266-49e723rj 24 16 in in IN cord-304266-49e723rj 24 17 Italy Italy NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 24 18 is be VBZ cord-304266-49e723rj 24 19 about about RB cord-304266-49e723rj 24 20 40 40 CD cord-304266-49e723rj 24 21 % % NN cord-304266-49e723rj 24 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-304266-49e723rj 24 23 and and CC cord-304266-49e723rj 24 24 used use VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 24 25 to to TO cord-304266-49e723rj 24 26 be be VB cord-304266-49e723rj 24 27 much much RB cord-304266-49e723rj 24 28 higher high JJR cord-304266-49e723rj 24 29 in in IN cord-304266-49e723rj 24 30 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 24 31 past past JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 24 32 weeks week NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 24 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-304266-49e723rj 24 34 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 24 35 5 5 CD cord-304266-49e723rj 24 36 whereas whereas IN cord-304266-49e723rj 24 37 it -PRON- PRP cord-304266-49e723rj 24 38 was be VBD cord-304266-49e723rj 24 39 about about RB cord-304266-49e723rj 24 40 10 10 CD cord-304266-49e723rj 24 41 - - SYM cord-304266-49e723rj 24 42 20 20 CD cord-304266-49e723rj 24 43 % % NN cord-304266-49e723rj 24 44 in in IN cord-304266-49e723rj 24 45 China China NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 24 46 . . . cord-304266-49e723rj 25 1 6 6 CD cord-304266-49e723rj 26 1 As as IN cord-304266-49e723rj 26 2 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 26 3 positive positive JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 26 4 cases case NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 26 5 resulting result VBG cord-304266-49e723rj 26 6 from from IN cord-304266-49e723rj 26 7 this this DT cord-304266-49e723rj 26 8 testing testing NN cord-304266-49e723rj 26 9 strategy strategy NN cord-304266-49e723rj 26 10 are be VBP cord-304266-49e723rj 26 11 so so RB cord-304266-49e723rj 26 12 skewed skewed JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 26 13 toward toward IN cord-304266-49e723rj 26 14 more more RBR cord-304266-49e723rj 26 15 serious serious JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 26 16 conditions condition NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 26 17 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 26 18 it -PRON- PRP cord-304266-49e723rj 26 19 is be VBZ cord-304266-49e723rj 26 20 not not RB cord-304266-49e723rj 26 21 surprising surprising JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 26 22 that that IN cord-304266-49e723rj 26 23 such such PDT cord-304266-49e723rj 26 24 a a DT cord-304266-49e723rj 26 25 high high JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 26 26 CFR CFR NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 26 27 is be VBZ cord-304266-49e723rj 26 28 observed observe VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 26 29 . . . cord-304266-49e723rj 27 1 This this DT cord-304266-49e723rj 27 2 phenomenon phenomenon NN cord-304266-49e723rj 27 3 could could MD cord-304266-49e723rj 27 4 also also RB cord-304266-49e723rj 27 5 explain explain VB cord-304266-49e723rj 27 6 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 27 7 substantial substantial JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 27 8 heterogeneity heterogeneity NN cord-304266-49e723rj 27 9 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 27 10 CFRs cfr NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 27 11 observed observe VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 27 12 among among IN cord-304266-49e723rj 27 13 Italian italian JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 27 14 regions region NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 27 15 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 27 16 which which WDT cord-304266-49e723rj 27 17 can can MD cord-304266-49e723rj 27 18 independently independently RB cord-304266-49e723rj 27 19 determine determine VB cord-304266-49e723rj 27 20 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-304266-49e723rj 27 21 own own JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 27 22 testing testing NN cord-304266-49e723rj 27 23 strategy strategy NN cord-304266-49e723rj 27 24 . . . cord-304266-49e723rj 28 1 Figure figure NN cord-304266-49e723rj 28 2 1 1 CD cord-304266-49e723rj 28 3 shows show VBZ cord-304266-49e723rj 28 4 a a DT cord-304266-49e723rj 28 5 clear clear JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 28 6 association association NN cord-304266-49e723rj 28 7 between between IN cord-304266-49e723rj 28 8 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 28 9 proportion proportion NN cord-304266-49e723rj 28 10 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 28 11 hospitalized hospitalize VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 28 12 cases case NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 28 13 and and CC cord-304266-49e723rj 28 14 CFRs cfr NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 28 15 . . . cord-304266-49e723rj 29 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-304266-49e723rj 29 2 are be VBP cord-304266-49e723rj 29 3 confident confident JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 29 4 that that IN cord-304266-49e723rj 29 5 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 29 6 after after IN cord-304266-49e723rj 29 7 modifications modification NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 29 8 in in IN cord-304266-49e723rj 29 9 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 29 10 testing testing NN cord-304266-49e723rj 29 11 strategy strategy NN cord-304266-49e723rj 29 12 leading lead VBG cord-304266-49e723rj 29 13 to to IN cord-304266-49e723rj 29 14 higher high JJR cord-304266-49e723rj 29 15 population population NN cord-304266-49e723rj 29 16 coverage coverage NN cord-304266-49e723rj 29 17 will will MD cord-304266-49e723rj 29 18 be be VB cord-304266-49e723rj 29 19 consistently consistently RB cord-304266-49e723rj 29 20 adopted adopt VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 29 21 in in IN cord-304266-49e723rj 29 22 Italy Italy NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 29 23 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 29 24 CFRs cfr NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 29 25 will will MD cord-304266-49e723rj 29 26 realign realign VB cord-304266-49e723rj 29 27 with with IN cord-304266-49e723rj 29 28 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 29 29 values value NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 29 30 reported report VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 29 31 worldwide worldwide RB cord-304266-49e723rj 29 32 . . . cord-304266-49e723rj 29 33 _SP cord-304266-49e723rj 30 1 Cross cross NN cord-304266-49e723rj 30 2 - - JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 30 3 country country NN cord-304266-49e723rj 30 4 comparison comparison NN cord-304266-49e723rj 30 5 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 30 6 case case NN cord-304266-49e723rj 30 7 fatality fatality NN cord-304266-49e723rj 30 8 rates rate NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 30 9 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 30 10 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 30 11 / / SYM cord-304266-49e723rj 30 12 SARS SARS NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 30 13 - - HYPH cord-304266-49e723rj 30 14 COV-2 COV-2 NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 30 15 . . . cord-304266-49e723rj 31 1 Osong Osong NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 31 2 Public Public NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 31 3 Health Health NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 31 4 Res Res NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 31 5 Perspect Perspect NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 31 6 Case case NN cord-304266-49e723rj 31 7 - - HYPH cord-304266-49e723rj 31 8 fatality fatality NN cord-304266-49e723rj 31 9 rate rate NN cord-304266-49e723rj 31 10 and and CC cord-304266-49e723rj 31 11 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 31 12 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 31 13 patients patient NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 31 14 dying die VBG cord-304266-49e723rj 31 15 in in IN cord-304266-49e723rj 31 16 relation relation NN cord-304266-49e723rj 31 17 to to IN cord-304266-49e723rj 31 18 COVID-19 covid-19 VB cord-304266-49e723rj 31 19 in in IN cord-304266-49e723rj 31 20 Italy Italy NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 32 1 As as IN cord-304266-49e723rj 32 2 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 32 3 cases case NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 32 4 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 32 5 deaths death NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 32 6 and and CC cord-304266-49e723rj 32 7 fatality fatality NN cord-304266-49e723rj 32 8 rates rate NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 32 9 surge surge VBP cord-304266-49e723rj 32 10 in in IN cord-304266-49e723rj 32 11 Italy Italy NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 32 12 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 32 13 underlying underlie VBG cord-304266-49e723rj 32 14 causes cause NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 32 15 require require VBP cord-304266-49e723rj 32 16 investigation investigation NN cord-304266-49e723rj 32 17 Monitoring monitor VBG cord-304266-49e723rj 32 18 transmissibility transmissibility NN cord-304266-49e723rj 32 19 and and CC cord-304266-49e723rj 32 20 mortality mortality NN cord-304266-49e723rj 32 21 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 32 22 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 32 23 in in IN cord-304266-49e723rj 32 24 Europe Europe NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 32 25 Italian italian JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 32 26 civil civil JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 32 27 protection protection NN cord-304266-49e723rj 32 28 . . . cord-304266-49e723rj 33 1 Daily daily JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 33 2 report report NN cord-304266-49e723rj 33 3 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 33 4 cases case NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 33 5 in in IN cord-304266-49e723rj 33 6 Italy Italy NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 33 7 Estimates estimate NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 33 8 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 33 9 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 33 10 severity severity NN cord-304266-49e723rj 33 11 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 33 12 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 33 13 disease disease NN cord-304266-49e723rj 34 1 The the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 34 2 authors author NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 34 3 have have VBP cord-304266-49e723rj 34 4 no no DT cord-304266-49e723rj 34 5 conflicts conflict NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 34 6 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 34 7 interest interest NN cord-304266-49e723rj 34 8 to to TO cord-304266-49e723rj 34 9 declare declare VB cord-304266-49e723rj 34 10 . . . cord-304266-49e723rj 35 1 FBA FBA NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 35 2 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 35 3 LR LR NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 35 4 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 35 5 and and CC cord-304266-49e723rj 35 6 MS MS NNP cord-304266-49e723rj 35 7 conceived conceive VBD cord-304266-49e723rj 35 8 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 35 9 study study NN cord-304266-49e723rj 35 10 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 35 11 processed process VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 35 12 data datum NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 35 13 , , , cord-304266-49e723rj 35 14 and and CC cord-304266-49e723rj 35 15 drafted draft VBD cord-304266-49e723rj 35 16 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 35 17 final final JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 35 18 version version NN cord-304266-49e723rj 35 19 of of IN cord-304266-49e723rj 35 20 the the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 35 21 manuscript manuscript NN cord-304266-49e723rj 35 22 . . . cord-304266-49e723rj 36 1 The the DT cord-304266-49e723rj 36 2 study study NN cord-304266-49e723rj 36 3 was be VBD cord-304266-49e723rj 36 4 based base VBN cord-304266-49e723rj 36 5 on on IN cord-304266-49e723rj 36 6 publicly publicly RB cord-304266-49e723rj 36 7 available available JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 36 8 aggregate aggregate JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 36 9 data datum NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 36 10 . . . cord-304266-49e723rj 37 1 No no DT cord-304266-49e723rj 37 2 ethics ethic NNS cord-304266-49e723rj 37 3 committee committee NN cord-304266-49e723rj 37 4 approval approval NN cord-304266-49e723rj 37 5 was be VBD cord-304266-49e723rj 37 6 necessary necessary JJ cord-304266-49e723rj 37 7 . . .