id author title date pages extension mime words sentences flesch summary cache txt cord-347460-9vechh4x Chang, Feng-Yee Immunologic aspects of characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) 2020-06-04 .txt text/plain 8050 384 43 Three components are crucial for SARS-CoV induced diseases: 1) the role of CD8+ T cells in defense against the virus, which causes apoptosis in the infected cells, 2) interactions of the virus with macrophages and dendritic cells, which initiate the early innate and subsequent adaptive immune responses, and 3) type I interferon (IFN) system, an innate response against viral infections, which can inhibit virus replication in the early phase. Existing information suggests that the SARS-CoV-infected airways and alveolar epithelial cells secrete abundant chemokines to attract immune cell infiltrations to the lungs, including macrophages and neutrophils, thereby causing damage due to high levels of proinflammatory cytokines and other mediators secreted by these cell types. After a decade of research on coronavirus, unfortunately, still there are no licensed vaccines, effective specific antivirals, nor drug combinations supported by high-level evidence to treat the infection, especially for newly emerging strains such as SARS-COV-2 [59] . ./cache/cord-347460-9vechh4x.txt ./txt/cord-347460-9vechh4x.txt