id author title date pages extension mime words sentences flesch summary cache txt cord-023367-ujflw19b Newcomer, Benjamin W. Diseases of the hematologic, immunologic, and lymphatic systems (multisystem diseases) [Image: see text] 2020-04-17 .txt text/plain 33175 2065 49 The cause of transformation is usually unknown; in rare cases, especially in flock outbreaks in sheep, it can be linked to exposure to the bovine leukemia virus, which has occurred experimentally and as a result of the administration of whole blood Anaplasma vaccines. C. perfringens type C in older sheep causes the disease known as "struck." Affected animals usually are found dead or with signs of toxemia. The course of the disease is usually very short (0.5-12 hours), so sudden or spontaneous death is a common clinical sign across affected small ruminant species. Additional evidence of systemic toxemia (metabolic acidosis, azotemia, and increases in liver and muscle enzymes) also may be seen; however, diagnosis of black disease is based on characteristic history (endemic liver fluke areas), clinical signs, and postmortem findings and testing. ./cache/cord-023367-ujflw19b.txt ./txt/cord-023367-ujflw19b.txt