id sid tid token lemma pos cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 1 1 key key JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 2 1 : : : cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 2 2 cord-005774 cord-005774 NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 2 3 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 2 4 7z6uyn6p 7z6uyn6p CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 2 5 authors author NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 2 6 : : : cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 2 7 Hammer Hammer NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 2 8 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 2 9 J. J. NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 2 10 ; ; : cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 2 11 Newth Newth NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 2 12 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 2 13 C. C. NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 2 14 J. J. NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 2 15 L. L. NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 3 1 title title NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 3 2 : : : cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 4 1 Infant infant NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 4 2 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 4 3 function function NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 4 4 testing testing NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 4 5 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 4 6 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 4 7 intensive intensive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 4 8 care care NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 4 9 unit unit NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 4 10 date date NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 5 1 : : : cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 5 2 1995 1995 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 5 3 journal journal NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 5 4 : : : cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 5 5 Intensive Intensive NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 5 6 Care care NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 5 7 Med Med NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 5 8 DOI doi NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 5 9 : : : cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 5 10 10.1007 10.1007 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 5 11 / / SYM cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 5 12 bf01704742 bf01704742 NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 5 13 sha sha NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 5 14 : : : cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 6 1 12b14eb9cf9fbf753113cfdd16e18c9818ee94c0 12b14eb9cf9fbf753113cfdd16e18c9818ee94c0 NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 6 2 doc_id doc_id CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 6 3 : : : cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 6 4 5774 5774 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 6 5 cord_uid cord_uid NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 6 6 : : : cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 1 7z6uyn6p 7z6uyn6p LS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 2 As as IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 3 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 4 result result NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 5 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 6 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 7 previous previous JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 8 shortage shortage NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 9 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 10 tools tool NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 11 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 12 assess assess VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 13 objectively objectively RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 14 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 15 overall overall JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 16 physiological physiological JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 17 status status NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 18 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 19 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 20 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 21 system system NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 22 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 23 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 24 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 25 young young JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 26 children child NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 27 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 28 it -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 29 has have VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 30 been be VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 31 difficult difficult JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 32 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 33 measure measure VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 34 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 35 degree degree NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 36 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 37 physiological physiological JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 38 disorder disorder NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 39 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 40 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 41 response response NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 42 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 43 therapy therapy NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 44 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 45 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 46 diseases disease NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 47 such such JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 48 as as IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 49 BPD BPD NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 50 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 51 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 52 pediatric pediatric JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 53 version version NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 54 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 55 ARDS ARDS NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 56 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 57 bronchiolitis bronchiolitis NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 58 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 59 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 60 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 61 asthma asthma NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 62 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 63 croup croup NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 64 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 65 this this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 66 patient patient JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 67 population population NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 7 68 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 8 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 8 2 newborn newborn JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 8 3 — — : cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 8 4 four four CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 8 5 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 8 6 year year NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 8 7 old old JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 8 8 child child NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 8 9 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 8 10 particularly particularly RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 8 11 difficult difficult JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 8 12 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 8 13 study study VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 8 14 because because IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 8 15 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 8 16 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 8 17 lack lack NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 8 18 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 8 19 cooperation cooperation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 8 20 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 8 21 size size NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 8 22 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 2 recent recent JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 3 progress progress NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 4 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 5 computer computer NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 6 technology technology NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 7 made make VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 8 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 9 function function NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 10 testing testing NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 11 available available JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 12 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 13 this this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 14 age age NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 15 range range NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 16 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 17 opened open VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 18 up up RP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 19 new new JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 20 possibilities possibility NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 21 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 22 monitoring monitor VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 23 changes change NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 24 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 25 disease disease NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 26 processes process NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 27 affecting affect VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 28 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 29 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 30 system system NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 9 31 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 10 1 This this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 10 2 may may MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 10 3 improve improve VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 10 4 medical medical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 10 5 management management NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 10 6 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 10 7 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 10 8 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 10 9 children child NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 10 10 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 10 11 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 10 12 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 10 13 heart heart NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 10 14 diseases disease NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 10 15 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 10 16 particular particular JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 10 17 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 1 In in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 2 1989 1989 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 3 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 4 Shannon Shannon NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 5 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 6 49 49 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 7 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 8 proposed propose VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 9 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 10 this this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 11 Journal Journal NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 12 that that IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 13 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 14 minimum minimum JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 15 physiological physiological JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 16 information information NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 17 needed need VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 18 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 19 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 20 intelligent intelligent JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 21 use use NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 22 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 23 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 24 ventilation ventilation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 26 particularly particularly RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 27 if if IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 28 lower low JJR cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 29 airway airway NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 30 and/or and/or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 31 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 32 parenchymal parenchymal NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 33 disease disease NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 34 was be VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 35 apparent apparent JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 37 required require VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 38 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 39 measurement measurement NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 40 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 41 at at RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 42 least least JJS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 43 4 4 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 44 variables variable NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 45 : : : cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 46 i i LS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 47 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 48 arterial arterial JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 49 partial partial JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 50 pressure pressure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 51 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 52 carbon carbon NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 53 dioxide dioxide NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 54 ; ; : cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 55 ii ii LS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 56 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 57 arterial arterial JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 58 oxygen oxygen NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 59 saturation saturation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 60 ; ; : cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 61 iii iii LS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 11 62 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 12 1 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 12 2 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 12 3 time time NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 12 4 constant constant JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 12 5 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 12 6 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 12 7 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 12 8 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 12 9 iv iv LS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 12 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 12 11 FRC FRC NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 12 12 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 1 In in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 2 many many JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 3 circumstances circumstance NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 4 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 5 arterial arterial JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 6 CO(2 CO(2 NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 8 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 9 approximated approximate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 10 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 11 alveolar alveolar NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 13 end end NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 14 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 15 tidal tidal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 17 CO(2 CO(2 NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 19 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 20 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 21 arterial arterial JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 22 oxygen oxygen NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 23 saturation saturation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 24 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 25 obtained obtain VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 26 from from IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 27 pulse pulse NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 28 oximetry oximetry NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 29 accurately accurately RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 30 if if IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 31 perfusion perfusion NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 32 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 33 adequate adequate JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 13 34 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 14 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 14 2 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 14 3 time time NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 14 4 constant constant JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 14 5 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 14 6 FRC FRC NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 14 7 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 14 8 easily easily RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 14 9 measured measure VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 14 10 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 14 11 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 14 12 techniques technique NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 14 13 described describe VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 14 14 above above RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 14 15 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 14 16 together together RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 14 17 provide provide VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 14 18 important important JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 14 19 information information NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 14 20 concerning concern VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 14 21 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 14 22 ventilator ventilator NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 14 23 settings setting NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 14 24 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 14 25 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 14 26 given give VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 14 27 disease disease NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 14 28 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 15 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 15 2 described describe VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 15 3 techniques technique NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 15 4 bring bring VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 15 5 new new JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 15 6 insights insight NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 15 7 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 15 8 awareness awareness NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 15 9 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 15 10 but but CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 15 11 also also RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 15 12 new new JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 15 13 responsibilities responsibility NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 15 14 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 15 15 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 15 16 management management NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 15 17 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 15 18 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 15 19 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 15 20 children child NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 15 21 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 15 22 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 15 23 compromise compromise NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 15 24 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 16 1 Not not RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 16 2 all all DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 16 3 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 16 4 these these DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 16 5 techniques technique NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 16 6 need need VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 16 7 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 16 8 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 16 9 applied apply VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 16 10 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 16 11 all all DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 16 12 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 16 13 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 16 14 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 16 15 ICU ICU NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 16 16 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 17 1 Not not RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 17 2 all all PDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 17 3 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 17 4 assumptions assumption NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 17 5 upon upon IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 17 6 which which WDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 17 7 some some DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 17 8 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 17 9 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 17 10 techniques technique NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 17 11 we -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 17 12 have have VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 17 13 described describe VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 17 14 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 17 15 based base VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 17 16 will will MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 17 17 prove prove VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 17 18 true true JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 17 19 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 18 1 Any any DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 18 2 such such JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 18 3 methods method NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 18 4 which which WDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 18 5 do do VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 18 6 not not RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 18 7 withstand withstand VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 18 8 solid solid JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 18 9 scientific scientific JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 18 10 testing testing NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 18 11 must must MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 18 12 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 18 13 quickly quickly RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 18 14 discarded discard VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 18 15 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 18 16 replaced replace VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 18 17 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 18 18 better well JJR cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 18 19 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 18 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 18 21 hopefully hopefully RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 18 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 18 23 easier easy JJR cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 18 24 methods method NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 18 25 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 1 Until until IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 2 recently recently RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 3 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 4 there there EX cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 5 has have VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 6 been be VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 7 limited limit VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 8 ability ability NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 9 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 10 assess assess VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 11 objectively objectively RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 12 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 13 deviations deviation NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 14 from from IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 15 normal normal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 16 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 17 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 18 function function NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 19 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 20 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 21 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 22 children child NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 23 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 24 either either CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 25 within within IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 26 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 27 without without IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 28 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 29 Intensive Intensive NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 30 Care Care NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 31 Unit Unit NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 33 ICU ICU NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 19 35 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 1 However however RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 2 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 3 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 4 application application NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 5 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 6 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 7 rapid rapid JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 8 data data NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 9 acquisition acquisition NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 10 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 11 processing processing NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 12 abilities ability NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 13 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 14 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 15 personal personal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 16 computer computer NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 17 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 18 miniaturization miniaturization NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 19 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 20 equipment equipment NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 21 has have VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 22 led lead VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 23 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 24 major major JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 25 changes change NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 26 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 27 this this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 28 field field NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 29 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 30 particularly particularly RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 31 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 32 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 33 newborn-4-year newborn-4-year NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 34 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 35 old old JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 36 child child NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 37 age age NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 38 range range NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 20 39 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 2 modifications modification NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 3 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 4 old old JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 5 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 6 development development NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 7 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 8 new new JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 9 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 10 function function NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 11 tests test NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 12 have have VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 13 allowed allow VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 14 those those DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 15 involved involve VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 16 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 17 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 18 care care NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 19 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 20 such such JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 21 patients patient NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 22 novel novel JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 23 measurements measurement NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 24 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 25 new new JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 26 perspectives perspective NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 27 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 28 both both CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 29 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 30 assessment assessment NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 31 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 32 management management NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 33 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 34 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 35 failure failure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 21 36 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 1 This this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 2 review review NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 3 will will MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 4 focus focus VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 5 on on IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 6 techniques technique NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 7 which which WDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 8 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 9 used use VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 10 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 11 measure measure VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 12 thoracoabdominal thoracoabdominal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 13 asynchrony asynchrony NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 14 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 15 tidal tidal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 16 breathing breathing NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 17 flow flow NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 18 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 19 volume volume NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 20 loops loop NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 21 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 22 small small JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 23 airway airway NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 24 function function NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 26 forced force VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 27 expiratory expiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 28 maneuvers maneuver NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 30 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 31 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 32 mechanics mechanic NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 33 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 34 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 35 volumes volume NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 36 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 37 critically critically RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 38 ill ill JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 39 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 40 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 41 children child NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 22 42 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 2 major major JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 3 goals goal NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 4 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 5 these these DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 6 techniques technique NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 7 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 8 an an DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 9 Intensive Intensive NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 10 Care Care NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 11 setting setting NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 12 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 13 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 14 : : : cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 15 i i PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 17 understand understand VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 18 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 19 underlying underlie VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 20 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 21 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 22 ii ii LS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 24 aid aid NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 25 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 26 diagnosis diagnosis NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 27 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 28 iii iii LS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 30 provide provide VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 31 assessment assessment NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 32 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 33 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 34 response response NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 35 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 36 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 37 iv iv LS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 39 provide provide VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 40 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 41 guide guide NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 42 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 43 changes change NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 44 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 45 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 46 patient patient NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 47 's 's POS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 48 condition condition NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 49 which which WDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 50 will will MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 51 allow allow VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 52 timely timely JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 53 interventions intervention NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 54 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 55 support support VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 56 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 57 patient patient NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 23 58 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 24 1 Ideally ideally RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 24 2 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 24 3 such such JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 24 4 devices device NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 24 5 should should MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 24 6 also also RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 24 7 provide provide VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 24 8 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 24 9 measure measure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 24 10 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 24 11 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 24 12 disease disease NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 24 13 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 24 14 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 24 15 prediction prediction NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 24 16 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 24 17 outcome outcome NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 24 18 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 24 19 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 24 20 addition addition NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 24 21 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 24 22 being be VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 24 23 inexpensive inexpensive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 24 24 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 24 25 noninvasive noninvasive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 24 26 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 1 However however RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 2 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 3 at at IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 4 this this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 5 point point NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 6 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 7 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 8 evolution evolution NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 9 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 10 Intensive Intensive NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 11 Care Care NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 12 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 13 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 14 most most RBS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 15 useful useful JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 16 monitors monitor NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 17 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 18 diagnosticians diagnostician NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 19 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 20 medical medical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 21 prognosticators prognosticator NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 22 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 23 almost almost RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 24 certainly certainly RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 25 highly highly RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 26 trained train VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 27 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 28 " " `` cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 29 disease disease NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 30 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 31 smart smart JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 32 " " '' cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 33 physicians physician NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 34 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 35 nurses nurse NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 36 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 37 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 38 therapists therapist NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 39 at at IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 40 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 41 bedside bedside NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 25 42 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 26 1 Some some DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 26 2 applications application NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 26 3 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 26 4 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 26 5 function function NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 26 6 testing testing NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 26 7 generally generally RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 26 8 require require VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 26 9 that that IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 26 10 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 26 11 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 26 12 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 26 13 heavily heavily RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 26 14 sedated sedate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 26 15 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 26 16 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 26 17 under under IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 26 18 neuromuscular neuromuscular JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 26 19 blockade blockade NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 26 20 when when WRB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 26 21 mechanically mechanically RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 26 22 assisted assist VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 26 23 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 26 24 ventilation ventilation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 26 25 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 27 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 27 2 latter latter JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 27 3 situation situation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 27 4 also also RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 27 5 requires require VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 27 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 27 7 usually usually RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 27 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 27 9 that that IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 27 10 there there EX cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 27 11 be be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 27 12 no no DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 27 13 leak leak NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 27 14 around around IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 27 15 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 27 16 ETT ETT NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 27 17 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 27 18 order order NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 27 19 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 27 20 obtain obtain VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 27 21 good good JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 27 22 quality quality NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 27 23 studies study NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 27 24 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 28 1 This this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 28 2 can can MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 28 3 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 28 4 achieved achieve VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 28 5 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 28 6 most most JJS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 28 7 cases case NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 28 8 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 28 9 either either CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 28 10 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 28 11 cuffed cuff VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 28 12 ETT ETT NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 28 13 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 28 14 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 28 15 an an DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 28 16 uncuffed uncuffe VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 28 17 tube tube NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 28 18 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 28 19 pharyngeal pharyngeal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 28 20 packing packing NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 28 21 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 1 Cuffed Cuffed NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 2 ETT ETT NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 3 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 4 not not RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 5 recommended recommend VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 6 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 7 use use NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 8 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 9 children child NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 10 under under IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 11 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 12 age age NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 13 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 14 8 8 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 15 years year NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 16 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 17 1 1 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 18 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 19 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 20 but but CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 21 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 22 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 23 recent recent JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 24 prospective prospective JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 25 study study NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 26 involving involve VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 27 250 250 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 28 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 29 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 30 children child NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 31 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 32 using use VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 33 cuffed cuff VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 34 ETT ETT NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 35 one one CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 36 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 37 half half NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 38 size size NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 39 smaller small JJR cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 40 than than IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 41 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 42 calculated calculate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 43 uncuffed uncuffed NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 44 ETT ETT NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 45 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 46 age age NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 47 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 48 we -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 49 had have VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 50 no no DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 51 greater great JJR cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 52 incidence incidence NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 53 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 54 complications complication NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 55 either either CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 56 short short JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 57 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 58 term term NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 59 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 60 post post NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 61 - - JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 62 extubation extubation JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 63 stridor stridor NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 64 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 65 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 66 long long JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 67 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 68 term term NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 69 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 70 tracheal tracheal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 71 stenosis stenosis NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 29 72 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 30 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 30 2 2 2 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 30 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 30 4 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 31 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 31 2 now now RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 31 3 use use VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 31 4 cuffed cuff VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 31 5 ETT ETT NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 31 6 routinely routinely RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 31 7 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 31 8 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 31 9 Pediatric Pediatric NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 31 10 ICU ICU NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 31 11 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 31 12 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 31 13 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 31 14 young young JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 31 15 children child NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 31 16 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 31 17 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 31 18 disease disease NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 31 19 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 32 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 32 2 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 32 3 not not RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 32 4 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 32 5 intent intent NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 32 6 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 32 7 this this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 32 8 report report NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 32 9 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 32 10 justify justify VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 32 11 as as IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 32 12 " " `` cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 32 13 useful useful JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 32 14 " " '' cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 32 15 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 32 16 " " `` cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 32 17 essential essential JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 32 18 " " '' cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 32 19 any any DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 32 20 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 32 21 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 32 22 techniques technique NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 32 23 which which WDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 32 24 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 32 25 subsequently subsequently RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 32 26 mentioned mention VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 32 27 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 1 At at IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 2 one one CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 3 end end NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 4 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 5 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 6 spectrum spectrum NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 7 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 8 demonstration demonstration NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 9 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 10 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 11 significant significant JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 12 reduction reduction NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 13 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 14 mortality mortality NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 15 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 16 morbidity morbidity NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 17 associated associate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 18 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 19 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 20 change change NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 21 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 22 practice practice NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 23 provides provide VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 24 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 25 dra dra JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 26 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 27 matic matic JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 28 justification justification NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 29 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 30 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 31 use use NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 32 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 33 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 34 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 35 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 36 monitoring monitoring NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 37 tool tool NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 33 38 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 34 1 Unfortunately unfortunately RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 34 2 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 34 3 unlike unlike IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 34 4 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 34 5 interventions intervention NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 34 6 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 34 7 it -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 34 8 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 34 9 rarely rarely RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 34 10 possible possible JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 34 11 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 34 12 provide provide VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 34 13 evidence evidence NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 34 14 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 34 15 such such JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 34 16 changes change NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 34 17 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 34 18 routine routine JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 34 19 monitoring monitoring NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 34 20 devices device NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 34 21 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 34 22 Intensive Intensive NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 34 23 Care Care NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 34 24 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 35 1 In in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 35 2 addition addition NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 35 3 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 35 4 little little JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 35 5 has have VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 35 6 been be VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 35 7 published publish VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 35 8 on on IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 35 9 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 35 10 efficacy efficacy NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 35 11 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 35 12 cost cost NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 35 13 effectiveness effectiveness NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 35 14 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 35 15 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 35 16 various various JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 35 17 procedures procedure NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 35 18 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 1 At at IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 2 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 3 other other JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 4 end end NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 5 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 6 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 7 spectrum spectrum NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 8 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 9 one one PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 10 can can MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 11 argue argue VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 12 that that IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 13 any any DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 14 intervention intervention NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 15 which which WDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 16 provides provide VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 17 more more JJR cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 18 understanding understanding NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 19 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 20 disease disease NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 21 processes process NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 22 can can MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 23 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 24 justified justify VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 25 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 26 providing provide VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 27 there there EX cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 28 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 29 little little JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 30 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 31 no no DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 32 deleterious deleterious JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 33 effect effect NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 34 on on IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 35 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 36 patient patient NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 36 37 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 1 Intermittent intermittent JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 2 arterial arterial JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 3 blood blood NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 4 gas gas NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 5 analysis analysis NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 6 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 7 regarded regard VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 8 as as IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 9 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 10 standard standard JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 11 diagnostic diagnostic JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 12 tool tool NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 13 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 14 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 15 failure failure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 16 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 17 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 18 fundamental fundamental JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 19 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 20 accurate accurate JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 21 assessment assessment NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 22 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 23 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 24 gas gas NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 25 exchange exchange NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 26 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 27 ventilator ventilator NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 28 management management NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 30 3 3 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 31 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 37 32 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 38 1 However however RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 38 2 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 38 3 technologic technologic JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 38 4 advances advance NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 38 5 have have VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 38 6 made make VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 38 7 non non JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 38 8 - - JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 38 9 invasive invasive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 38 10 devices device NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 38 11 available available JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 38 12 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 38 13 continous continous JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 38 14 monitoring monitoring NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 38 15 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 38 16 oxygen oxygen NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 38 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 38 18 02 02 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 38 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 38 20 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 38 21 carbon carbon NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 38 22 dioxide dioxide NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 38 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 38 24 CO2 CO2 NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 38 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 38 26 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 39 1 These these DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 39 2 include include VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 39 3 end end VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 39 4 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 39 5 tidal tidal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 39 6 CO2 co2 NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 39 7 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 39 8 transcutaneous transcutaneous JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 39 9 CO CO NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 39 10 2 2 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 39 11 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 39 12 0 0 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 39 13 2 2 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 39 14 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 39 15 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 39 16 pulse pulse VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 39 17 oximetry oximetry NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 39 18 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 40 1 If if IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 40 2 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 40 3 caregiver caregiver NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 40 4 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 40 5 aware aware JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 40 6 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 40 7 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 40 8 limitations limitation NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 40 9 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 40 10 they -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 40 11 allow allow VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 40 12 quick quick JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 40 13 feedback feedback NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 40 14 on on IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 40 15 rapidly rapidly RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 40 16 changing change VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 40 17 conditions condition NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 40 18 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 40 19 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 40 20 helpful helpful JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 40 21 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 40 22 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 40 23 continuous continuous JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 40 24 supervision supervision NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 40 25 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 40 26 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 40 27 therapy therapy NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 40 28 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 41 1 Non non JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 41 2 - - JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 41 3 invasive invasive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 41 4 blood blood NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 41 5 gas gas NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 41 6 monitoring monitoring NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 41 7 has have VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 41 8 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 41 9 potential potential NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 41 10 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 41 11 reduce reduce VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 41 12 significantly significantly RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 41 13 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 41 14 frequency frequency NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 41 15 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 41 16 ABG ABG NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 41 17 sampling sampling NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 41 18 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 42 1 Detailed detailed JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 42 2 descriptions description NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 42 3 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 42 4 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 42 5 operation operation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 42 6 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 42 7 limitations limitation NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 42 8 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 42 9 beyond beyond IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 42 10 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 42 11 scope scope NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 42 12 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 42 13 this this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 42 14 paper paper NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 42 15 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 42 16 but but CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 42 17 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 42 18 available available JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 42 19 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 42 20 recent recent JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 42 21 reviews review NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 42 22 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 42 23 4 4 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 42 24 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 42 25 51 51 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 42 26 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 1 Thoracoabdominal Thoracoabdominal NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 2 asynchrony asynchrony NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 4 TAA TAA NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 6 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 7 paradoxical paradoxical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 8 breathing breathing NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 9 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 10 often often RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 11 observed observe VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 12 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 13 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 14 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 15 children child NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 16 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 17 various various JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 18 forms form NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 19 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 20 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 21 diseases disease NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 22 including include VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 23 upper upper JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 24 airway airway NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 25 obstruction obstruction NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 27 UAO UAO NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 29 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 30 parenchymal parenchymal NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 31 processes process NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 33 such such JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 34 as as IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 35 hyaline hyaline JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 36 membrane membrane NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 37 disease disease NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 38 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 39 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 40 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 41 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 42 edema edema NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 44 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 45 obstructive obstructive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 46 lower low JJR cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 47 airways airways NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 48 disease disease NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 49 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 50 asthma asthma NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 51 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 52 bronchiolitis bronchiolitis NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 53 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 54 BPD BPD NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 55 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 56 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 57 neuromuscular neuromuscular JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 58 diseases disease NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 43 59 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 44 1 This this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 44 2 phenomenon phenomenon NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 44 3 has have VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 44 4 generally generally RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 44 5 been be VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 44 6 descriptive descriptive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 44 7 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 44 8 was be VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 44 9 referred refer VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 44 10 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 44 11 as as IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 44 12 chest chest NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 44 13 wall wall NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 44 14 retractions retraction NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 44 15 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 44 16 clinical clinical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 44 17 scoring scoring NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 44 18 systems system NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 44 19 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 45 1 However however RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 45 2 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 45 3 phase phase NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 45 4 angle angle NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 45 5 analysis analysis NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 45 6 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 45 7 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 45 8 Lissajous Lissajous NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 45 9 figure figure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 45 10 allows allow VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 45 11 us -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 45 12 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 45 13 easily easily RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 45 14 detect detect VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 45 15 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 45 16 quantify quantify VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 45 17 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 45 18 monitor monitor VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 45 19 TAA TAA NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 45 20 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 45 21 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 45 22 non non JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 45 23 - - JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 45 24 invasive invasive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 45 25 manner manner NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 45 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 45 27 6 6 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 45 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 45 29 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 1 In in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 2 this this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 3 technique technique NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 4 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 5 rib rib NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 6 cage cage NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 8 RC rc NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 10 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 11 abdominal abdominal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 13 ABD ABD NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 15 movements movement NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 16 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 17 recorded record VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 18 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 19 use use NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 20 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 21 an an DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 22 uncalibrated uncalibrated JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 23 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 24 inductance inductance NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 25 plethysmograph plethysmograph NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 26 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 27 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 28 bands band NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 29 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 30 which which WDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 31 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 32 placed place VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 33 at at IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 34 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 35 levels level NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 36 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 37 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 38 nipples nipple NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 39 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 40 upper upper JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 41 abdomen abdoman NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 46 42 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 2 analog analog JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 3 output output NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 4 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 5 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 6 RC RC NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 7 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 8 ABD ABD NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 9 movements movement NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 10 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 11 acquired acquire VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 12 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 13 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 14 computerized computerized JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 15 data data NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 16 acquisition acquisition NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 17 system system NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 18 that that WDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 19 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 20 programmed program VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 21 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 22 calculate calculate VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 23 continuously continuously RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 24 phase phase NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 25 angles angle NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 26 utilizing utilize VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 27 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 28 method method NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 29 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 30 Agostoni Agostoni NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 31 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 32 Mognoni Mognoni NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 33 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 34 7 7 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 35 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 47 36 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 1 Phase phase NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 2 angle angle NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 4 0 0 NFP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 6 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 7 thus thus RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 8 calculated calculate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 9 according accord VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 10 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 11 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 12 equation equation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 13 : : : cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 14 m m LS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 15 sin sin NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 16 0 0 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 17 = = SYM cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 18 -s -s : cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 19 where where WRB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 20 m m NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 21 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 22 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 23 length length NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 24 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 25 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 26 midpoint midpoint NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 27 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 28 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 29 RC RC NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 30 excursion excursion NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 48 31 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 49 1 s s NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 49 2 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 49 3 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 49 4 length length NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 49 5 depicting depict VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 49 6 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 49 7 ABD ABD NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 49 8 excursion excursion NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 49 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 49 10 Fig Fig NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 49 11 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 49 12 1 1 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 49 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 49 14 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 50 1 In in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 50 2 addition addition NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 50 3 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 50 4 RC RC NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 50 5 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 50 6 ABD ABD NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 50 7 movements movement NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 50 8 can can MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 50 9 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 50 10 continuously continuously RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 50 11 displayed display VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 50 12 as as IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 50 13 an an DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 50 14 X x NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 50 15 - - NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 50 16 Y Y NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 50 17 plot plot NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 50 18 giving give VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 50 19 optical optical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 50 20 information information NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 50 21 about about IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 50 22 changes change NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 50 23 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 50 24 loop loop NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 50 25 shape shape NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 50 26 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 50 27 loop loop NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 50 28 direction direction NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 50 29 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 1 Except except IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 2 during during IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 3 REM rem NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 4 sleep sleep NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 5 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 6 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 7 RC RC NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 8 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 9 ABD ABD NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 10 expand expand VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 11 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 12 decrease decrease VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 13 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 14 synchrony synchrony NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 15 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 16 normal normal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 17 full full JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 18 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 19 term term NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 20 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 21 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 22 children child NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 23 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 24 producing produce VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 25 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 26 closed closed JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 27 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 28 very very RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 29 narrow narrow JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 30 loop loop NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 31 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 32 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 33 positive positive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 34 slope slope NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 35 on on IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 36 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 37 X X NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 38 - - NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 39 Y Y NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 40 plot plot NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 41 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 42 mean mean VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 51 43 0 0 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 52 1 = = SYM cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 52 2 8 8 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 52 3 o o NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 52 4 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 52 5 range range NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 52 6 = = SYM cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 52 7 0 0 NFP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 53 1 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 53 2 25 25 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 53 3 o o NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 53 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 53 5 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 54 1 However however RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 54 2 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 54 3 during during IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 54 4 TAA TAA NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 54 5 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 54 6 loop loop NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 54 7 opens open VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 54 8 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 54 9 becomes become VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 54 10 progressively progressively RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 54 11 wider wide JJR cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 54 12 as as IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 54 13 TAA TAA NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 54 14 increases increase VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 54 15 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 55 1 Paradoxical paradoxical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 55 2 breathing breathing NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 55 3 also also RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 55 4 creates create VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 55 5 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 55 6 closed closed JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 55 7 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 55 8 very very RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 55 9 narrow narrow JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 55 10 loop loop NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 55 11 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 55 12 but but CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 55 13 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 55 14 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 55 15 negative negative JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 55 16 slope slope NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 55 17 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 56 1 Important important JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 56 2 information information NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 56 3 can can MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 56 4 further further RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 56 5 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 56 6 obtained obtain VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 56 7 from from IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 56 8 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 56 9 loop loop NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 56 10 direction direction NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 56 11 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 57 1 This this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 57 2 indicates indicate VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 57 3 which which WDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 57 4 compartment compartment NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 57 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 57 6 RC RC NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 57 7 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 57 8 ABD ABD NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 57 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 57 10 precedes precede VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 57 11 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 57 12 other other JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 57 13 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 58 1 Counterclockwise counterclockwise VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 58 2 loops loop NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 58 3 indicate indicate VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 58 4 that that IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 58 5 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 58 6 ABD ABD NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 58 7 compartment compartment NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 58 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 58 9 diaphragm diaphragm NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 58 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 58 11 leads lead VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 58 12 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 58 13 RC RC NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 58 14 as as RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 58 15 usually usually RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 58 16 observed observe VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 58 17 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 58 18 normal normal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 58 19 quiet quiet JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 58 20 breathing breathing NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 58 21 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 58 22 most most JJS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 58 23 forms form NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 58 24 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 58 25 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 58 26 distress distress NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 58 27 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 58 28 children child NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 58 29 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 59 1 Clockwise clockwise JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 59 2 loops loop NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 59 3 signify signify VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 59 4 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 59 5 opposite opposite NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 59 6 which which WDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 59 7 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 59 8 typically typically RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 59 9 associated associate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 59 10 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 59 11 diaphragmatic diaphragmatic JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 59 12 paralysis paralysis NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 59 13 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 59 14 8 8 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 59 15 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 59 16 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 60 1 Continuous continuous JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 60 2 phase phase NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 60 3 angle angle NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 60 4 measurement measurement NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 60 5 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 60 6 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 60 7 promising promising JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 60 8 non non JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 60 9 - - JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 60 10 invasive invasive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 60 11 technique technique NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 60 12 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 60 13 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 60 14 objective objective JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 60 15 assessment assessment NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 60 16 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 60 17 TAA TAA NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 60 18 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 60 19 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 60 20 variety variety NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 60 21 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 60 22 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 60 23 diseases disease NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 60 24 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 1 Phase phase NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 2 angles angle NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 3 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 4 elevated elevate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 5 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 6 UAO UAO NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 7 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 8 decrease decrease NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 9 after after IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 11 z z NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 12 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 13 agonist agonist NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 14 therapy therapy NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 16 Fig Fig NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 17 . . NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 18 2 2 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 20 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 21 but but CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 22 demand demand VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 23 further further JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 24 research research NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 25 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 26 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 27 better well JJR cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 28 understanding understanding NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 29 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 30 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 31 predictive predictive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 32 value value NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 33 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 34 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 35 failure failure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 36 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 37 6 6 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 38 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 61 39 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 2 have have VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 3 recently recently RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 4 validated validate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 5 phase phase NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 6 angle angle NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 7 measurements measurement NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 8 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 9 showing show VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 10 that that IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 11 they -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 12 correlate correlate VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 13 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 14 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 15 level level NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 16 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 17 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 18 imposed impose VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 19 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 20 load load NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 21 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 22 but but CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 23 do do VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 24 not not RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 25 detect detect VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 26 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 27 muscle muscle NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 28 fatigue fatigue NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 29 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 30 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 31 UAO UAO NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 32 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 33 9 9 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 62 35 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 63 1 However however RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 63 2 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 63 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 63 4 has have VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 63 5 been be VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 63 6 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 63 7 that that IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 63 8 phase phase NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 63 9 angle angle NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 63 10 measurements measurement NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 63 11 correlate correlate VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 63 12 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 63 13 transcutaneous transcutaneous JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 63 14 CO CO NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 63 15 2 2 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 63 16 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 63 17 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 63 18 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 63 19 severe severe JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 63 20 laryngotracheobronchitis laryngotracheobronchitis NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 63 21 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 63 22 provide provide VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 63 23 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 63 24 useful useful JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 63 25 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 63 26 additional additional JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 63 27 way way NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 63 28 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 63 29 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 64 1 Phase phase NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 64 2 angle angle NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 64 3 measurements measurement NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 64 4 also also RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 64 5 correlated correlate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 64 6 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 64 7 improvement improvement NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 64 8 after after IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 64 9 bronchodilator bronchodilator NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 64 10 therapy therapy NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 64 11 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 64 12 children child NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 64 13 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 64 14 obstructive obstructive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 64 15 airway airway NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 64 16 disease disease NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 64 17 such such JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 64 18 as as IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 64 19 asthma asthma NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 64 20 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 64 21 BPD BPD NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 64 22 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 64 23 11 11 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 64 24 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 64 25 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 2 use use NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 3 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 4 phase phase NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 5 angle angle NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 6 analysis analysis NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 7 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 8 monitor monitor VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 9 TAA TAA NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 10 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 11 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 12 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 13 children child NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 14 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 15 neuromuscular neuromuscular JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 16 disease disease NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 18 e.g. e.g. IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 19 infant infant NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 20 botulism botulism NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 21 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 22 Guillain Guillain NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 23 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 24 Barr6 Barr6 NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 25 syndrome syndrome NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 26 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 27 myopathies myopathy NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 28 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 29 neuropathies neuropathy NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 30 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 31 spinal spinal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 32 cord cord NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 33 injuries injury NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 35 needs need VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 36 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 37 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 38 further further RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 39 clarified clarify VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 40 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 41 but but CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 42 offers offer VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 43 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 44 promising promising JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 45 tool tool NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 46 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 47 monitor monitor VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 48 sprinting sprinting NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 49 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 50 weaning wean VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 51 processes process NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 52 from from IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 53 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 54 ventilation ventilation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 65 55 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 1 Diaphragmatic diaphragmatic JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 2 paralysis paralysis NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 3 can can MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 4 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 5 easily easily RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 6 detected detect VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 7 at at IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 8 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 9 bedside bedside NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 10 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 11 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 12 characteristic characteristic JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 13 generation generation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 14 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 15 clockwise clockwise JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 16 loops loop NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 17 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 18 even even RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 19 when when WRB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 20 this this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 21 may may MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 22 not not RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 23 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 24 obvious obvious JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 25 clinically clinically RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 26 as as IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 27 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 28 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 29 case case NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 30 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 31 unilateral unilateral JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 32 paralysis paralysis NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 34 e.g. e.g. RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 35 post post AFX cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 36 cardiothoracic cardiothoracic NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 37 surgery surgery NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 66 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 67 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 67 2 8 8 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 67 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 67 4 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 1 A a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 2 problem problem NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 3 often often RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 4 encountered encounter VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 5 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 6 this this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 7 technique technique NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 8 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 9 that that IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 10 at at IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 11 various various JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 12 times time NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 13 phase phase NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 14 angle angle NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 15 loops loop NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 16 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 17 not not RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 18 based base VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 19 on on IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 20 clear clear JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 21 sinusoidal sinusoidal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 22 RC RC NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 23 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 24 ABD ABD NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 25 movements movement NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 26 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 27 produce produce VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 28 numerous numerous JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 29 types type NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 30 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 31 non non JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 32 - - JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 33 sinusoidal sinusoidal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 34 patterns pattern NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 35 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 36 12 12 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 37 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 68 38 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 69 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 69 2 have have VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 69 3 recently recently RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 69 4 suggested suggest VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 69 5 that that IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 69 6 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 69 7 sine sine JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 69 8 - - JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 69 9 wave wave JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 69 10 independent independent JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 69 11 mathematical mathematical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 69 12 approach approach NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 69 13 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 69 14 loop loop NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 69 15 analysis analysis NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 69 16 improves improve VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 69 17 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 69 18 accuracy accuracy NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 69 19 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 69 20 phase phase NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 69 21 shift shift NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 69 22 calculations calculation NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 69 23 under under IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 69 24 such such JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 69 25 circumstances circumstance NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 69 26 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 69 27 13 13 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 69 28 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 69 29 141 141 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 69 30 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 70 1 Other other JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 70 2 methods method NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 70 3 used use VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 70 4 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 70 5 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 70 6 assessment assessment NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 70 7 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 70 8 respiration respiration NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 70 9 involve involve VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 70 10 techniques technique NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 70 11 measuring measure VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 70 12 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 70 13 " " `` cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 70 14 work work NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 70 15 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 70 16 breathing breathing NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 70 17 " " '' cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 70 18 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 71 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 71 2 classic classic JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 71 3 method method NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 71 4 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 71 5 " " `` cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 71 6 work work NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 71 7 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 71 8 breathing breathing NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 71 9 " " '' cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 71 10 has have VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 71 11 been be VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 71 12 thoroughly thoroughly RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 71 13 studied study VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 71 14 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 71 15 adults adult NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 71 16 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 71 17 Collett Collett NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 71 18 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 71 19 co co NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 71 20 - - NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 71 21 workers worker NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 71 22 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 71 23 15 15 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 71 24 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 71 25 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 72 1 However however RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 72 2 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 72 3 modified modify VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 72 4 approaches approach NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 72 5 have have VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 72 6 been be VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 72 7 used use VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 72 8 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 72 9 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 72 10 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 2 " " `` cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 3 work work NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 4 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 5 breathing breathing NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 6 " " '' cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 7 can can MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 8 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 9 measured measure VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 10 relatively relatively RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 11 non non RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 12 - - JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 13 invasively invasively RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 14 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 15 use use NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 16 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 17 an an DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 18 oesophageal oesophageal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 19 balloon balloon NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 20 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 21 record record VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 22 pleural pleural JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 23 pressure pressure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 24 changes change NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 25 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 26 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 27 calculation calculation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 28 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 29 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 30 pressure pressure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 31 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 32 time time NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 33 index index NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 73 34 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 1 This this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 2 index index NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 3 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 4 an an DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 5 estimate estimate NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 6 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 7 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 8 energy energy NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 9 cost cost NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 10 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 11 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 12 " " `` cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 13 work work NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 14 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 15 breathing breathing NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 16 " " '' cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 17 because because IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 18 02 02 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 19 consumption consumption NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 20 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 21 muscle muscle NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 22 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 23 proportional proportional JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 24 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 25 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 26 integral integral NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 27 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 28 muscle muscle NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 29 tension tension NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 31 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 32 pressure pressure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 34 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 35 respect respect NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 36 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 37 time time NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 74 38 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 1 Klein Klein NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 2 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 3 Reynolds Reynolds NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 4 demonstrated demonstrate VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 5 that that IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 6 when when WRB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 7 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 8 unintegrated unintegrated JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 9 pleural pleural JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 10 pressure pressure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 11 signal signal NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 12 was be VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 13 used use VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 14 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 15 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 16 index index NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 17 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 18 they -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 19 were be VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 20 able able JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 21 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 22 show show VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 23 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 24 response response NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 25 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 26 therapy therapy NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 27 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 28 continuous continuous JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 29 inflating inflate VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 30 pressure pressure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 31 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 32 sleep sleep NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 33 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 34 related relate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 35 UAO UAO NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 36 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 37 16 16 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 38 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 75 39 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 76 1 Since since IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 76 2 breathing breathing NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 76 3 slows slow NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 76 4 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 76 5 inspiratory inspiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 76 6 pressure pressure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 76 7 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 76 8 greater great JJR cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 76 9 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 76 10 UAO UAO NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 76 11 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 76 12 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 76 13 " " `` cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 76 14 raw raw JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 76 15 " " '' cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 76 16 pressure pressure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 76 17 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 76 18 time time NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 76 19 index index NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 76 20 underestimates underestimate VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 76 21 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 76 22 true true JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 76 23 integrated integrated JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 76 24 pressure pressure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 76 25 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 76 26 time time NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 76 27 index index NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 76 28 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 77 1 Nonetheless nonetheless RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 77 2 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 77 3 this this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 77 4 seems seem VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 77 5 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 77 6 simple simple JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 77 7 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 77 8 effective effective JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 77 9 objective objective JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 77 10 measurement measurement NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 77 11 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 77 12 upper upper JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 77 13 airway airway NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 77 14 obstruction obstruction NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 77 15 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 78 1 A a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 78 2 further further JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 78 3 variation variation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 78 4 was be VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 78 5 suggested suggest VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 78 6 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 78 7 Wolfson Wolfson NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 78 8 et et NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 78 9 al al NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 78 10 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 79 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 79 2 17 17 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 79 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 79 4 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 79 5 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 79 6 study study NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 79 7 on on IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 79 8 helium helium NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 79 9 breathing breathing NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 79 10 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 79 11 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 79 12 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 79 13 BPD BPD NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 79 14 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 80 1 These these DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 80 2 techniques technique NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 80 3 await await VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 80 4 further further JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 80 5 validation validation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 80 6 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 1 Tidal tidal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 2 breathing breathing NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 3 flow flow NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 4 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 5 volume volume NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 6 loops loop NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 7 Tidal tidal DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 8 breathing breathing NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 9 flow flow NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 10 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 11 volume volume NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 12 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 13 pressure pressure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 14 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 15 volume volume NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 16 loops loop NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 17 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 18 increasingly increasingly RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 19 used use VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 20 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 21 continuous continuous JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 22 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 23 intermittent intermittent JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 24 monitoring monitoring NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 25 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 26 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 27 ventilation ventilation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 28 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 29 both both CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 30 Neonatal Neonatal NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 31 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 32 Pediatric Pediatric NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 33 ICUs icu NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 81 34 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 82 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 82 2 can can MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 82 3 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 82 4 measured measure VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 82 5 on on IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 82 6 special special JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 82 7 " " `` cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 82 8 standalone standalone JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 82 9 " " '' cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 82 10 equipment equipment NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 82 11 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 82 12 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 82 13 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 82 14 increasingly increasingly RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 82 15 incorporated incorporate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 82 16 into into IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 82 17 modern modern JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 82 18 ventilators ventilator NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 82 19 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 83 1 These these DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 83 2 allow allow VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 83 3 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 83 4 measurement measurement NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 83 5 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 83 6 tidal tidal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 83 7 volume volume NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 83 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 83 9 VT VT NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 83 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 83 11 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 83 12 tidal tidal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 83 13 flows flow NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 83 14 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 83 15 pressures pressure NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 83 16 generated generate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 83 17 during during IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 83 18 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 83 19 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 83 20 spontaneous spontaneous JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 83 21 breaths breath NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 83 22 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 84 1 Thus thus RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 84 2 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 84 3 impacts impact NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 84 4 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 84 5 alteration alteration NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 84 6 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 84 7 ventilator ventilator NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 84 8 settings setting NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 84 9 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 84 10 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 84 11 physiology physiology NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 84 12 on on IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 84 13 these these DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 84 14 parameters parameter NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 84 15 can can MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 84 16 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 84 17 readily readily RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 84 18 detected detect VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 84 19 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 84 20 18 18 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 84 21 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 84 22 19 19 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 84 23 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 84 24 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 1 Spontaneous spontaneous JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 2 tidal tidal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 3 volume volume NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 4 breaths breath NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 5 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 6 ventilator ventilator NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 7 breaths breath NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 8 can can MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 9 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 10 compared compare VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 12 especially especially RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 13 along along IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 14 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 15 expiratory expiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 16 flow flow NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 17 limb limb NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 18 where where WRB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 19 flow flow NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 20 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 21 limitation limitation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 22 may may MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 23 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 24 readily readily RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 25 seen see VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 27 which which WDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 28 enables enable VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 29 an an DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 30 estimate estimate NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 31 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 32 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 33 ventilatory ventilatory NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 34 reserve reserve NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 35 provided provide VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 36 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 37 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 85 38 ventilation ventilation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 86 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 86 2 Fig Fig NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 86 3 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 86 4 3 3 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 86 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 86 6 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 87 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 87 2 generation generation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 87 3 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 87 4 inadver- inadver- NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 1 Unless unless IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 2 it -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 3 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 4 certain certain JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 5 that that DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 6 flow flow NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 7 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 8 limited limit VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 10 effort effort NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 11 independent independent JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 13 at at IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 14 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 15 particular particular JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 16 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 17 volume volume NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 18 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 19 changes change NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 20 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 21 flow flow NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 22 rates rate NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 23 after after IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 24 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 25 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 26 maneuver maneuver NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 28 e.g. e.g. IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 29 bronchodilator bronchodilator NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 31 may may MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 32 still still RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 33 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 34 attributed attribute VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 35 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 36 factors factor NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 37 other other JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 38 than than IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 39 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 40 simple simple JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 41 response response NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 42 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 43 therapy therapy NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 88 44 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 2 have have VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 3 recently recently RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 4 shown show VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 5 that that IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 6 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 7 FD FD NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 8 technique technique NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 9 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 10 capable capable JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 11 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 12 producing produce VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 13 forced force VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 14 expiratory expiratory NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 15 flows flow NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 16 at at IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 17 flow flow NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 18 limitation limitation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 19 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 20 intubated intubate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 21 animals animal NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 22 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 23 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 24 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 25 normal normal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 26 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 27 obstructed obstructed JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 28 airways airway NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 29 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 30 22 22 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 31 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 32 23 23 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 89 34 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 1 For for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 2 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 3 test test NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 4 procedure procedure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 5 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 6 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 7 lungs lung NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 8 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 9 inflated inflate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 10 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 11 squeezing squeeze VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 12 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 13 breathing breathing NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 14 bag bag NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 15 filled fill VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 16 from from IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 17 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 18 continuous continuous JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 19 compressed compress VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 20 O~ o~ NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 21 supply supply NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 22 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 23 +40 +40 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 24 cmH20 cmH20 NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 25 inflation inflation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 26 pressure pressure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 27 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 28 defined define VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 29 as as IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 30 total total JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 31 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 32 capacity capacity NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 34 TLC TLC NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 90 36 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 1 Inflation inflation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 2 pressures pressure NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 3 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 4 held hold VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 5 static static JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 6 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 7 at at RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 8 least least JJS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 9 3 3 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 10 s s NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 11 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 12 after after IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 13 which which WDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 14 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 15 sliding slide VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 16 valve valve NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 17 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 18 activated activate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 19 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 20 expose expose VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 21 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 22 airways airways NNPS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 23 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 24 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 25 100-L 100-l CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 26 capacity capacity NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 27 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 28 constant constant JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 29 negative negative JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 30 pressure pressure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 31 source source NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 32 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 33 -40 -40 NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 34 cmH20 cmH20 NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 35 deflation deflation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 36 pressure pressure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 91 37 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 2 lungs lung NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 3 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 4 deflated deflate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 5 until until IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 6 expiratory expiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 7 flow flow NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 8 ceases cease VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 9 at at IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 10 residual residual JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 11 volume volume NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 13 RV rv NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 15 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 16 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 17 at at RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 18 least least JJS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 19 3 3 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 20 s. s. NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 21 VC VC NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 22 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 23 MEF MEF NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 24 at at IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 25 various various JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 26 subdivisions subdivision NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 27 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 28 measured measure VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 29 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 30 an an DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 31 interposed interposed JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 32 pneumotachograph pneumotachograph NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 92 33 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 93 1 Throughout throughout IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 93 2 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 93 3 procedure procedure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 93 4 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 93 5 individual individual NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 93 6 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 93 7 usually usually RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 93 8 under under IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 93 9 neuromuscular neuromuscular JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 93 10 blockade blockade NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 93 11 and/or and/or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 93 12 heavy heavy JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 93 13 sedation sedation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 93 14 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 1 Normal normal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 2 values value NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 3 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 4 VC VC NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 5 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 6 MEF MEF NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 7 at at IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 8 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 9 various various JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 10 subdivisions subdivision NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 11 still still RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 12 need need VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 13 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 14 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 15 defined define VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 16 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 17 but but CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 18 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 19 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 20 laboratory laboratory NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 21 lie lie NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 22 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 23 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 24 range range NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 25 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 26 50 50 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 27 - - SYM cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 28 70 70 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 29 ml.kg ml.kg CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 30 -1 -1 NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 31 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 32 VC VC NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 33 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 34 24 24 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 35 - - SYM cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 36 38 38 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 37 ml.kg ml.kg CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 38 -t -t SYM cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 39 9 9 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 40 s s NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 41 -1 -1 NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 42 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 43 MEF25 MEF25 NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 44 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 45 6 6 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 46 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 47 15ml.kg 15ml.kg CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 48 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 49 t.s t.s NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 50 -~ -~ NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 51 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 52 MEFt0 MEFt0 NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 94 53 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 1 Since since IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 2 it -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 3 has have VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 4 become become VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 5 standard standard NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 6 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 7 care care NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 8 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 9 use use VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 10 inhaled inhale VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 11 bronchodilators bronchodilator NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 12 on on IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 13 intubated intubate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 14 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 15 ventilated ventilate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 16 patients patient NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 17 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 18 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 19 variety variety NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 20 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 21 diseases disease NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 22 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 23 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 24 effectiveness effectiveness NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 25 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 26 respect respect NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 27 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 28 bronchodilatation bronchodilatation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 29 can can MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 30 easily easily RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 31 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 32 documented document VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 33 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 34 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 35 FD FD NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 36 technique technique NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 37 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 38 24 24 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 39 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 40 25 25 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 41 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 95 42 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 1 Obstructive obstructive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 2 airway airway NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 3 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 4 restrictive restrictive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 5 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 6 diseases disease NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 7 produce produce VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 8 very very RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 9 characteristic characteristic JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 10 patterns pattern NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 12 Fig fig NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 13 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 14 4 4 LS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 16 which which WDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 17 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 18 helpful helpful JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 19 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 20 assessing assess VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 21 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 22 underlying underlie VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 23 pathophysiology pathophysiology NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 25 e.g. e.g. RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 26 RSV RSV NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 27 infection infection NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 28 causing cause VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 29 bronchiolitis bronchiolitis NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 30 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 31 ARDS ARDS NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 32 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 33 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 96 35 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 1 Serial serial JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 2 VC VC NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 3 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 4 MEF MEF NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 5 assessments assessment NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 6 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 7 helpful helpful JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 8 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 9 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 10 variety variety NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 11 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 12 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 13 diseases disease NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 14 like like IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 15 BPD BPD NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 16 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 17 ARDS ARDS NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 18 requiring require VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 19 long long JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 20 term term NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 21 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 22 ventilation ventilation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 23 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 24 document document VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 25 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 26 resolution resolution NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 27 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 28 progression progression NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 29 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 30 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 31 disease disease NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 32 process process NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 33 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 34 26 26 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 35 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 36 27 27 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 37 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 97 38 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 98 1 Compliance compliance NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 98 2 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 98 3 resistance resistance NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 98 4 reflect reflect VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 98 5 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 98 6 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 98 7 properties property NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 98 8 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 98 9 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 98 10 lungs lung NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 98 11 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 98 12 require require VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 98 13 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 98 14 measurement measurement NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 98 15 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 98 16 flow flow NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 98 17 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 98 18 volume volume NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 98 19 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 98 20 pressure pressure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 98 21 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 1 Compliance compliance NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 3 C C NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 5 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 6 defined define VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 7 as as IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 8 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 9 change change NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 10 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 11 volume volume NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 12 per per IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 13 unit unit NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 14 change change NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 15 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 16 pressure pressure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 17 : : : cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 18 It -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 19 must must MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 20 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 21 emphasized emphasize VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 22 that that IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 23 compliance compliance NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 24 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 25 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 26 function function NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 27 not not RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 28 only only RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 29 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 30 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 31 elastic elastic JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 32 properties property NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 33 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 34 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 35 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 36 system system NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 37 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 38 but but CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 39 also also RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 40 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 41 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 42 volume volume NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 99 43 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 1 In in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 2 other other JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 3 words word NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 4 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 5 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 6 value value NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 7 obtained obtain VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 8 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 9 different different JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 10 at at IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 11 various various JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 12 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 13 volumes volume NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 14 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 15 dependent dependent JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 16 on on IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 17 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 18 shape shape NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 19 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 20 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 21 pressure pressure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 22 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 23 volume volume NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 24 curve curve NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 25 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 26 which which WDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 27 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 28 turn turn NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 29 depends depend VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 30 on on IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 31 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 32 amount amount NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 33 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 34 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 35 disease disease NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 36 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 37 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 38 maneuvers maneuver NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 39 such such JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 40 as as IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 41 PEEP PEEP NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 42 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 43 surfactant surfactant NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 44 administration administration NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 100 45 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 1 Sudden sudden JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 2 changes change NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 3 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 4 compliance compliance NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 5 often often RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 6 reflect reflect VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 7 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 8 opening opening NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 9 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 10 closing closing NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 11 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 12 individual individual JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 13 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 14 units unit NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 15 rather rather RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 16 than than IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 17 changes change NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 18 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 19 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 20 tissue tissue NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 21 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 22 surface surface NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 23 tension tension NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 24 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 25 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 26 represents represent VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 27 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 28 resistive resistive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 29 properties property NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 30 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 31 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 32 airways airway NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 33 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 34 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 35 tissue tissue NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 36 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 37 chest chest NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 38 wall wall NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 101 39 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 102 1 Several several JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 102 2 methods method NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 102 3 have have VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 102 4 been be VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 102 5 designed design VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 102 6 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 102 7 measure measure VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 102 8 compliance compliance NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 102 9 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 102 10 resistance resistance NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 102 11 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 102 12 ventilated ventilate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 102 13 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 102 14 which which WDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 102 15 has have VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 102 16 led lead VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 102 17 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 102 18 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 102 19 confusing confusing JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 102 20 nomenclature nomenclature NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 102 21 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 102 22 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 102 23 practitioner practitioner NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 102 24 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 1 Compliance compliance NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 2 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 3 referred refer VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 4 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 5 as as IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 6 either either DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 7 dynamic dynamic JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 8 compliance compliance NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 10 Cdyn Cdyn NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 12 when when WRB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 13 it -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 14 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 15 measured measure VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 16 when when WRB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 17 ventilation ventilation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 18 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 19 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 20 motion motion NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 21 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 22 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 23 as as IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 24 static static JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 26 passive passive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 28 compliance compliance NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 30 Crs Crs NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 32 when when WRB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 33 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 34 muscles muscle NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 35 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 36 inactive inactive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 37 during during IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 38 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 39 test test NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 40 procedure procedure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 103 41 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 104 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 104 2 same same JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 104 3 applies apply VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 104 4 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 104 5 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 104 6 resistance resistance NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 104 7 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 104 8 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 104 9 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 104 10 system system NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 104 11 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 104 12 which which WDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 104 13 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 104 14 referred refer VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 104 15 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 104 16 as as IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 104 17 either either DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 104 18 dynamic dynamic JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 104 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 104 20 Re re IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 104 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 104 22 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 104 23 total total JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 104 24 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 104 25 system system NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 104 26 resistance resistance NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 104 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 104 28 Rrs rrs NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 104 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 104 30 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 105 1 Cdyn Cdyn NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 105 2 can can MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 105 3 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 105 4 simply simply RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 105 5 calculated calculate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 105 6 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 105 7 dividing divide VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 105 8 VT VT NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 105 9 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 105 10 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 105 11 total total JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 105 12 change change NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 105 13 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 105 14 pressure pressure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 105 15 necessary necessary JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 105 16 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 105 17 deliver deliver VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 105 18 that that DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 105 19 volume volume NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 105 20 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 106 1 These these DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 106 2 numbers number NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 106 3 can can MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 106 4 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 106 5 easily easily RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 106 6 extracted extract VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 106 7 from from IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 106 8 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 106 9 ventilation ventilation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 106 10 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 1 However however RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 2 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 4 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 5 understood understand VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 6 that that IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 7 Cdyn Cdyn NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 8 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 9 related relate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 10 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 11 both both CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 12 elastic elastic JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 13 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 14 flow flow VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 15 resistive resistive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 16 characteristics characteristic NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 17 according accord VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 18 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 19 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 20 equation equation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 21 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 22 motion motion NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 23 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 24 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 25 single single JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 26 compartment compartment NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 27 model model NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 28 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 29 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 30 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 31 system system NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 32 : : : cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 33 P p NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 34 = = NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 35 VX+R VX+R NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 36 F F NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 37 C c NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 38 where where WRB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 39 P p NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 40 = = SYM cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 41 transpulmonary transpulmonary JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 42 pressure pressure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 43 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 44 Vx Vx NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 45 = = : cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 46 tidal tidal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 47 volume volume NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 48 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 49 F F NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 50 = = NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 51 tidal tidal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 52 flow flow NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 107 53 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 108 1 Thus thus RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 108 2 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 108 3 Cdyn cdyn JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 108 4 changes change NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 108 5 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 108 6 alteration alteration NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 108 7 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 108 8 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 108 9 ventilation ventilation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 108 10 settings setting NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 108 11 including include VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 108 12 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 108 13 frequency frequency NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 108 14 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 108 15 inspiratory inspiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 108 16 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 108 17 end end NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 108 18 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 108 19 expiratory expiratory NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 108 20 pressure pressure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 108 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 108 22 30 30 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 108 23 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 108 24 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 109 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 109 2 classic classic JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 109 3 technique technique NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 109 4 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 109 5 determining determine VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 109 6 Cdyn Cdyn NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 109 7 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 109 8 based base VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 109 9 on on IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 109 10 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 109 11 measurement measurement NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 109 12 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 109 13 oesophageal oesophageal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 109 14 pressure pressure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 109 15 as as IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 109 16 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 109 17 quantification quantification NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 109 18 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 109 19 pleural pleural JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 109 20 pressure pressure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 109 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 109 22 31 31 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 109 23 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 109 24 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 110 1 This this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 110 2 allows allow VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 110 3 differentiation differentiation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 110 4 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 110 5 Cdyn Cdyn NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 110 6 into into IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 110 7 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 110 8 components component NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 110 9 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 110 10 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 110 11 compliance compliance NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 110 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 110 13 CL CL NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 110 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 110 15 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 110 16 chest chest NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 110 17 wall wall NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 110 18 compliance compliance NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 110 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 110 20 Ccw Ccw NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 110 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 110 22 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 1 However however RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 2 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 3 Ccw Ccw NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 4 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 5 usually usually RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 6 very very RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 7 high high JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 8 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 9 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 10 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 11 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 12 contribution contribution NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 13 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 14 total total JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 15 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 16 compliance compliance NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 18 Cxox Cxox NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 20 can can MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 21 often often RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 22 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 23 neglected neglect VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 24 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 25 32 32 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 26 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 27 33 33 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 29 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 30 since since IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 31 CL CL NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 32 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 33 Ccw Ccw NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 34 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 35 related relate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 36 as as IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 37 follows follow VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 111 38 : : : cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 1 This this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 2 technique technique NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 3 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 4 invasive invasive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 5 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 6 virtue virtue NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 7 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 8 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 9 need need NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 10 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 11 an an DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 12 oesophageal oesophageal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 13 catheter catheter NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 14 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 15 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 16 accuracy accuracy NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 17 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 18 such such JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 19 measurements measurement NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 20 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 21 intubated intubate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 22 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 23 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 24 children child NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 25 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 26 controversial controversial JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 27 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 28 34 34 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 29 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 30 351 351 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 112 31 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 1 Newer new JJR cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 2 methods method NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 3 measure measure VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 4 static static JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 5 compliance compliance NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 7 Crs Crs NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 9 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 10 resistance resistance NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 12 Rrs rrs NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 14 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 15 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 16 based base VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 17 on on IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 18 relaxation relaxation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 19 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 20 both both CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 21 inspiratory inspiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 22 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 23 expiratory expiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 24 muscles muscle NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 25 during during IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 26 brief brief JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 27 airway airway NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 28 occlusions occlusion NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 29 during during IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 30 exhalation exhalation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 113 31 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 114 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 114 2 most most RBS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 114 3 widely widely RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 114 4 used use VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 114 5 methods method NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 114 6 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 114 7 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 114 8 passive passive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 114 9 deflation deflation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 114 10 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 114 11 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 114 12 multiple multiple JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 114 13 occlusion occlusion NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 114 14 techniques technique NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 114 15 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 114 16 36 36 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 114 17 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 114 18 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 114 19 37 37 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 114 20 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 114 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 114 22 38 38 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 114 23 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 114 24 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 115 1 Muscle muscle NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 115 2 relaxation relaxation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 115 3 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 115 4 achieved achieve VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 115 5 either either CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 115 6 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 115 7 invoking invoke VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 115 8 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 115 9 Hering Hering NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 115 10 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 115 11 Breuer Breuer NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 115 12 inflation inflation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 115 13 reflex reflex NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 115 14 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 115 15 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 115 16 use use NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 115 17 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 115 18 neuromuscular neuromuscular JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 115 19 blockade blockade NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 115 20 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 2 favor favor VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 3 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 4 use use NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 5 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 6 shortterm shortterm JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 7 neuromuscular neuromuscular NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 8 blockade blockade NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 9 together together RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 10 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 11 sedation sedation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 12 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 13 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 14 mechanically mechanically RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 15 ventilated ventilate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 16 patient patient NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 17 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 18 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 19 controlled control VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 20 setting setting NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 21 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 22 an an DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 23 ICU ICU NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 24 because because IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 25 it -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 26 guarantees guarantee VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 27 complete complete JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 28 muscle muscle NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 29 relaxation relaxation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 30 during during IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 31 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 32 whole whole JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 33 expiratory expiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 34 phase phase NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 116 35 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 1 In in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 2 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 3 following following NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 4 we -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 5 will will MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 6 concentrate concentrate VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 7 on on IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 8 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 9 discussion discussion NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 10 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 11 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 12 passive passive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 13 deflation deflation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 14 technique technique NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 16 single single JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 17 breath breath NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 18 occlusion occlusion NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 20 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 21 refer refer VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 22 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 23 reader reader NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 24 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 25 recent recent JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 26 literature literature NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 27 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 28 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 29 other other JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 30 methods method NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 31 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 32 39 39 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 33 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 117 34 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 2 passive passive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 3 deflation deflation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 4 technique technique NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 5 involves involve VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 6 measuring measure VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 7 pressure pressure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 8 during during IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 9 occlusion occlusion NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 10 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 11 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 12 airway airway NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 13 at at IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 14 endinspiration endinspiration NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 15 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 16 fitting fit VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 17 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 18 straight straight JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 19 line line NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 20 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 21 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 22 FV fv NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 23 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 24 curve curve NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 25 obtained obtain VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 26 during during IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 27 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 28 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 29 passive passive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 30 exhalation exhalation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 31 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 32 40 40 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 33 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 34 41 41 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 35 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 118 36 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 119 1 If if IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 119 2 there there EX cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 119 3 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 119 4 no no DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 119 5 muscle muscle NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 119 6 activity activity NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 119 7 during during IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 119 8 exhalation exhalation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 119 9 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 119 10 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 119 11 expiratory expiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 119 12 time time NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 119 13 constant constant JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 120 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 120 2 Trs Trs NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 120 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 120 4 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 120 5 emptying empty VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 120 6 time time NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 120 7 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 120 8 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 120 9 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 120 10 system system NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 120 11 will will MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 120 12 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 120 13 entirely entirely RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 120 14 dependent dependent JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 120 15 on on IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 120 16 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 120 17 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 120 18 properties property NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 120 19 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 120 20 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 120 21 lungs lung NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 120 22 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 120 23 can can MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 120 24 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 120 25 described describe VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 120 26 as as IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 120 27 follows follow VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 120 28 : : : cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 121 1 Thus thus RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 121 2 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 121 3 both both DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 121 4 Crs Crs NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 121 5 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 121 6 Rrs Rrs NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 121 7 can can MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 121 8 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 121 9 obtained obtain VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 121 10 from from IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 121 11 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 121 12 single single JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 121 13 breath breath NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 121 14 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 122 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 122 2 determination determination NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 122 3 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 122 4 Trs Trs NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 122 5 gives give VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 122 6 some some DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 122 7 idea idea NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 122 8 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 122 9 how how WRB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 122 10 rapidly rapidly RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 122 11 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 122 12 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 122 13 empties empty VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 122 14 following follow VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 122 15 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 122 16 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 122 17 breath breath NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 122 18 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 123 1 A a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 123 2 single single JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 123 3 time time NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 123 4 constant constant JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 123 5 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 123 6 defined define VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 123 7 as as IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 123 8 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 123 9 time time NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 123 10 required require VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 123 11 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 123 12 exhale exhale VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 123 13 63 63 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 123 14 % % NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 123 15 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 123 16 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 123 17 tidal tidal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 123 18 volume volume NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 123 19 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 124 1 Three three CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 124 2 time time NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 124 3 constants constant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 124 4 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 124 5 needed need VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 124 6 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 124 7 exhale exhale VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 124 8 95~ 95~ CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 124 9 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 124 10 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 124 11 delivered deliver VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 124 12 tidal tidal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 124 13 volume volume NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 124 14 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 125 1 This this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 125 2 permits permit VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 125 3 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 125 4 determination determination NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 125 5 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 125 6 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 125 7 rates rate NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 125 8 allowing allow VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 125 9 complete complete JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 125 10 exhalation exhalation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 125 11 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 125 12 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 125 13 detection detection NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 125 14 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 125 15 rate rate NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 125 16 settings setting NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 125 17 which which WDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 125 18 lead lead VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 125 19 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 125 20 inadvertent inadvertent JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 125 21 PEEP peep NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 125 22 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 126 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 126 2 passive passive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 126 3 deflation deflation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 126 4 technique technique NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 126 5 relies rely VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 126 6 on on IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 126 7 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 126 8 assumption assumption NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 126 9 that that IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 126 10 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 126 11 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 126 12 system system NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 126 13 can can MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 126 14 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 126 15 regarded regard VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 126 16 as as IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 126 17 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 126 18 single single JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 126 19 compartment compartment NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 126 20 model model NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 126 21 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 127 1 This this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 127 2 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 127 3 valid valid JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 127 4 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 127 5 most most RBS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 127 6 healthy healthy JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 127 7 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 127 8 especially especially RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 127 9 over over IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 127 10 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 127 11 tidal tidal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 127 12 volume volume NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 127 13 range range NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 127 14 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 1 However however RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 2 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 3 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 4 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 5 presence presence NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 6 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 7 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 8 disease disease NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 9 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 10 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 11 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 12 system system NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 13 will will MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 14 not not RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 15 always always RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 16 behave behave VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 17 like like IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 18 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 19 single single JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 20 compartment compartment NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 21 model model NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 22 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 23 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 24 single single JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 25 time time NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 26 constant constant JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 27 will will MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 28 not not RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 29 adequately adequately RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 30 describe describe VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 31 all all PDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 32 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 33 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 34 mechanics mechanic NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 35 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 36 42 42 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 37 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 38 43 43 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 39 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 128 40 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 129 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 129 2 have have VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 129 3 noted note VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 129 4 multiple multiple JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 129 5 time time NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 129 6 constants constant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 129 7 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 129 8 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 129 9 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 129 10 restrictive restrictive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 129 11 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 129 12 diseases disease NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 129 13 such such JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 129 14 as as IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 129 15 acute acute JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 129 16 ARDS ARDS NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 129 17 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 129 18 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 129 19 edema edema NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 129 20 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 129 21 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 129 22 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 129 23 severe severe JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 129 24 obstructive obstructive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 129 25 airway airway NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 129 26 disease disease NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 129 27 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 129 28 44 44 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 129 29 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 129 30 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 130 1 In in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 130 2 all all PDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 130 3 these these DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 130 4 circumstances circumstance NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 130 5 Crs Crs NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 130 6 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 130 7 Rrs Rrs NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 130 8 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 130 9 best well RBS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 130 10 measured measure VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 130 11 over over IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 130 12 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 130 13 longest long JJS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 130 14 linear linear JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 130 15 fit fit NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 130 16 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 130 17 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 130 18 passive passive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 130 19 expiratory expiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 130 20 FV fv NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 130 21 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 130 22 curve curve NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 130 23 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 131 1 However however RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 131 2 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 131 3 calculation calculation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 131 4 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 131 5 time time NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 131 6 constants constant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 131 7 at at IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 131 8 different different JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 131 9 intercepts intercept NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 131 10 may may MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 131 11 give give VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 131 12 additional additional JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 131 13 information information NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 131 14 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 131 15 better well RBR cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 131 16 describe describe VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 131 17 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 131 18 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 131 19 mechanics mechanic NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 131 20 over over IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 131 21 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 131 22 whole whole JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 131 23 expiration expiration NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 131 24 phase phase NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 131 25 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 131 26 451 451 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 131 27 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 132 1 Pattern pattern NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 132 2 recognition recognition NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 132 3 adds add VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 132 4 valuable valuable JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 132 5 information information NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 132 6 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 132 7 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 132 8 interpretation interpretation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 132 9 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 132 10 results result NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 132 11 obtained obtain VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 132 12 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 132 13 measuring measure VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 132 14 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 132 15 mechanics mechanic NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 132 16 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 133 1 While while IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 133 2 obstructive obstructive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 133 3 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 133 4 disease disease NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 133 5 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 133 6 characterized characterize VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 133 7 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 133 8 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 133 9 concave concave JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 133 10 slope slope NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 133 11 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 133 12 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 133 13 passive passive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 133 14 expiratory expiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 133 15 FV fv NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 133 16 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 133 17 loop loop NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 133 18 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 133 19 restrictive restrictive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 133 20 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 133 21 disease disease NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 133 22 often often RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 133 23 results result VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 133 24 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 133 25 convex convex JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 133 26 loop loop NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 133 27 patterns pattern NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 133 28 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 134 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 134 2 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 134 3 important important JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 134 4 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 134 5 note note VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 134 6 that that IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 134 7 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 134 8 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 134 9 case case NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 134 10 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 134 11 intubated intubate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 134 12 patients patient NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 134 13 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 134 14 Crs Crs NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 134 15 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 134 16 Rrs Rrs NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 134 17 measurements measurement NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 134 18 include include VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 134 19 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 134 20 physical physical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 134 21 properties property NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 134 22 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 134 23 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 134 24 ETT ETT NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 134 25 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 135 1 Unfortunately unfortunately RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 135 2 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 135 3 there there EX cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 135 4 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 135 5 still still RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 135 6 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 135 7 great great JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 135 8 lack lack NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 135 9 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 135 10 normal normal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 135 11 values value NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 135 12 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 135 13 Crs Crs NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 135 14 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 135 15 Rrs Rrs NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 135 16 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 135 17 intubated intubate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 135 18 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 135 19 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 135 20 children child NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 135 21 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 135 22 normal normal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 135 23 lungs lung NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 135 24 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 136 1 According accord VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 136 2 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 136 3 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 136 4 studies study NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 136 5 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 136 6 such such JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 136 7 normal normal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 136 8 data data NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 136 9 lie lie NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 136 10 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 136 11 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 136 12 range range NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 136 13 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 136 14 0.8 0.8 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 136 15 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 136 16 1.2ml'cmH 1.2ml'cmh CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 136 17 : : : cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 137 1 O o UH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 137 2 -1 -1 NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 137 3 9 9 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 137 4 kg kg NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 137 5 -1 -1 NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 137 6 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 137 7 Crs Crs NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 137 8 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 137 9 0.4 0.4 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 137 10 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 137 11 0.Sml'cmH20-l"s 0.sml'cmh20-l"s CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 137 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 137 13 up up IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 137 14 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 137 15 1.0 1.0 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 137 16 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 137 17 ETT ETT NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 138 1 < < NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 138 2 3.5 3.5 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 138 3 mm mm NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 138 4 I.D. I.D. NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 138 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 138 6 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 138 7 Rrs Rrs NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 138 8 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 138 9 25 25 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 138 10 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 138 11 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 1 Pfenninger Pfenninger NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 2 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 3 Aebi Aebi NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 5 46 46 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 7 have have VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 8 recently recently RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 9 used use VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 10 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 11 passive passive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 12 deflation deflation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 13 technique technique NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 14 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 15 Rrs Rrs NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 16 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 17 Crs Crs NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 18 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 19 compare compare VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 20 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 21 response response NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 22 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 23 inhaled inhale VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 24 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 25 intravenous intravenous JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 26 salbutamol salbutamol NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 27 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 28 ventilator ventilator NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 29 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 30 dependent dependent JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 31 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 32 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 33 chronic chronic JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 34 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 35 disease disease NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 36 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 37 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 38 concluded conclude VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 39 there there EX cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 40 was be VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 41 no no DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 42 difference difference NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 139 43 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 140 1 Such such JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 140 2 careful careful JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 140 3 objective objective JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 140 4 physiological physiological JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 140 5 measurements measurement NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 140 6 should should MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 140 7 influence influence VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 140 8 how how WRB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 140 9 weaning wean VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 140 10 such such JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 140 11 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 140 12 from from IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 140 13 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 140 14 ventilator ventilator NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 140 15 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 140 16 approached approach VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 140 17 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 1 Although although IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 2 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 3 most most RBS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 4 fundamental fundamental JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 5 interest interest NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 6 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 7 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 8 volume volume NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 9 measurements measurement NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 10 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 11 infancy infancy NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 12 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 13 childhood childhood NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 14 relates relate VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 15 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 16 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 17 assessment assessment NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 18 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 19 normal normal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 20 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 21 abnormal abnormal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 22 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 23 growth growth NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 24 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 25 47 47 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 26 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 27 48 48 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 28 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 29 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 30 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 31 determination determination NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 32 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 33 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 34 volumes volume NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 35 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 36 an an DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 37 important important JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 38 part part NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 39 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 40 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 41 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 42 management management NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 43 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 44 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 45 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 46 children child NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 47 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 48 49 49 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 49 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 141 50 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 1 Lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 2 volume volume NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 3 measurements measurement NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 4 can can MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 5 help help VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 6 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 7 diagnosing diagnose VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 8 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 9 disorders disorder NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 10 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 11 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 12 evaluating evaluate VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 13 responses response NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 14 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 15 therapy therapy NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 16 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 17 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 18 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 19 finding find VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 20 suitable suitable JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 21 ventilator ventilator NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 22 settings setting NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 23 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 24 respect respect NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 25 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 26 rate rate NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 27 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 28 ventilating ventilating NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 29 pressures pressure NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 30 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 31 50 50 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 32 - - SYM cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 33 52 52 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 34 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 142 35 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 1 Lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 2 volume volume NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 3 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 4 also also RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 5 an an DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 6 important important JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 7 variable variable NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 8 when when WRB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 9 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 10 mechanics mechanic NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 11 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 12 measured measure VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 13 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 14 53 53 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 15 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 16 because because IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 17 specific specific JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 18 compliance compliance NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 19 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 20 specific specific JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 21 resistance resistance NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 22 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 23 normalized normalize VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 24 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 25 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 26 volume volume NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 27 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 28 i.e. i.e. FW cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 29 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 30 functional functional JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 31 residual residual JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 32 capacity capacity NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 34 FRC FRC NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 143 36 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 144 1 Currently currently RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 144 2 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 144 3 FRC FRC NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 144 4 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 144 5 V V NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 144 6 T T NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 144 7 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 144 8 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 144 9 only only JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 144 10 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 144 11 volumes volume NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 144 12 that that WDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 144 13 can can MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 144 14 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 144 15 accurately accurately RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 144 16 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 144 17 repeatedly repeatedly RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 144 18 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 144 19 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 144 20 reliably reliably RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 144 21 measured measure VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 144 22 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 144 23 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 144 24 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 144 25 small small JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 144 26 children child NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 144 27 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 145 1 Hence hence RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 145 2 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 145 3 they -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 145 4 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 145 5 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 145 6 only only JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 145 7 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 145 8 volumes volume NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 145 9 that that WDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 145 10 can can MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 145 11 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 145 12 routinely routinely RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 145 13 determined determine VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 145 14 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 145 15 clinical clinical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 145 16 reasons reason NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 145 17 either either CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 145 18 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 145 19 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 145 20 ICU ICU NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 145 21 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 145 22 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 145 23 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 145 24 Out Out NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 145 25 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 145 26 Patient Patient NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 145 27 Clinic Clinic NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 145 28 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 146 1 Other other JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 146 2 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 146 3 volumes volume NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 146 4 such such JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 146 5 as as IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 146 6 TLC TLC NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 146 7 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 146 8 VC VC NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 146 9 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 146 10 RV RV NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 146 11 can can MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 146 12 also also RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 146 13 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 146 14 measured measure VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 146 15 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 146 16 but but CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 146 17 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 146 18 techniques technique NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 146 19 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 146 20 employed employ VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 146 21 mainly mainly RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 146 22 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 146 23 research research NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 146 24 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 146 25 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 146 26 require require VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 146 27 an an DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 146 28 endotracheal endotracheal NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 146 29 tube tube NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 146 30 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 1 FRC FRC NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 2 can can MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 3 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 4 measured measure VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 5 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 6 three three CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 7 techniques technique NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 8 : : : cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 9 plethysmographic plethysmographic NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 11 infant infant NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 12 body body NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 13 box box NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 15 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 16 helium helium NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 18 He he NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 20 dilution dilution NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 22 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 23 closed closed JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 24 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 25 circuit circuit NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 26 method method NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 28 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 29 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 30 nitrogen nitrogen NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 32 N2 N2 NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 34 washout washout NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 36 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 37 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 38 modern modern JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 39 form form NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 40 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 41 an an DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 42 open open JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 43 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 44 circuit circuit NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 45 method method NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 147 47 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 148 1 Except except IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 148 2 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 148 3 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 148 4 smallest small JJS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 148 5 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 148 6 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 148 7 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 148 8 sedation sedation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 148 9 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 148 10 required require VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 148 11 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 148 12 each each DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 148 13 technique technique NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 148 14 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 149 1 Sulphahexafluoride Sulphahexafluoride NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 149 2 has have VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 149 3 recently recently RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 149 4 been be VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 149 5 used use VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 149 6 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 149 7 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 149 8 promising promising JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 149 9 washin washin NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 149 10 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 149 11 washout washout NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 149 12 technique technique NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 149 13 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 149 14 54 54 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 149 15 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 149 16 55 55 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 149 17 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 149 18 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 149 19 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 149 20 has have VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 149 21 now now RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 149 22 been be VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 149 23 validated validate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 149 24 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 149 25 66 66 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 149 26 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 149 27 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 150 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 150 2 body body NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 150 3 plethysmograph plethysmograph NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 150 4 technique technique NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 150 5 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 150 6 labor labor NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 150 7 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 150 8 intensive intensive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 150 9 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 150 10 as as IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 150 11 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 150 12 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 150 13 calibration calibration NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 150 14 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 150 15 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 150 16 infant infant NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 150 17 body body NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 150 18 box box NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 150 19 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 1 Edberg Edberg NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 2 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 3 colleagues colleague NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 4 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 5 56 56 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 6 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 7 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 8 57 57 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 9 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 10 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 11 58 58 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 12 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 13 have have VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 14 recently recently RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 15 applied apply VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 16 modern modern JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 17 computing computing NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 18 techniques technique NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 19 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 20 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 21 infant infant NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 22 body body NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 23 box box NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 24 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 25 obtained obtain VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 26 useful useful JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 27 data datum NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 28 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 29 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 30 neonatal neonatal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 31 ICU ICU NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 32 setting setting NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 151 33 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 152 1 However however RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 152 2 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 152 3 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 152 4 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 152 5 volume volume NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 152 6 data datum NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 152 7 was be VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 152 8 measured measure VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 152 9 using use VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 152 10 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 152 11 nitrogen nitrogen NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 152 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 152 13 N2 N2 NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 152 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 152 15 washout washout NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 152 16 method method NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 152 17 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 153 1 For for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 153 2 most most JJS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 153 3 workers worker NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 153 4 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 153 5 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 153 6 use use NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 153 7 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 153 8 plethysmographic plethysmographic JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 153 9 methods method NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 153 10 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 153 11 impractical impractical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 153 12 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 153 13 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 153 14 ICU ICU NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 153 15 environment environment NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 153 16 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 153 17 particularly particularly RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 153 18 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 153 19 mechanically mechanically RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 153 20 ventilated ventilate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 153 21 patients patient NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 153 22 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 154 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 154 2 recent recent JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 154 3 advent advent NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 154 4 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 154 5 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 154 6 commercially commercially RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 154 7 available available JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 154 8 computerized computerized JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 154 9 infant infant NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 154 10 box box NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 154 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 154 12 J J NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 154 13 ~ ~ NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 154 14 tger tger NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 154 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 154 16 may may MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 154 17 modify modify VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 154 18 this this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 154 19 opinion opinion NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 154 20 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 155 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 155 2 closed closed JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 155 3 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 155 4 circuit circuit NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 155 5 He -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 155 6 dilution dilution NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 155 7 method method NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 155 8 has have VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 155 9 been be VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 155 10 adapted adapt VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 155 11 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 155 12 measure measure VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 155 13 FRC FRC NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 155 14 on on IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 155 15 ventilated ventilate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 155 16 patients patient NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 155 17 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 155 18 Heldt Heldt NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 155 19 et et NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 155 20 al al NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 155 21 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 156 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 156 2 59 59 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 156 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 156 4 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 157 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 157 2 patient patient NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 157 3 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 157 4 connected connect VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 157 5 via via IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 157 6 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 157 7 ETT ETT NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 157 8 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 157 9 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 157 10 sliding slide VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 157 11 valve valve NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 157 12 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 157 13 both both CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 157 14 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 157 15 bag bag NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 157 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 157 17 which which WDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 157 18 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 157 19 situated situate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 157 20 inside inside IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 157 21 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 157 22 transparent transparent JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 157 23 plexiglas plexiglas NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 157 24 box box NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 157 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 157 26 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 157 27 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 157 28 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 157 29 ventilator ventilator NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 157 30 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 158 1 In in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 158 2 normal normal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 158 3 pre pre JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 158 4 - - JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 158 5 test test JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 158 6 position position NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 158 7 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 158 8 patient patient NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 158 9 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 158 10 ventilated ventilate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 158 11 directly directly RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 158 12 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 158 13 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 158 14 ventilator ventilator NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 158 15 through through IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 158 16 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 158 17 valve valve NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 158 18 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 2 bag bag NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 3 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 4 which which WDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 5 contains contain VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 6 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 7 known know VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 8 amount amount NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 9 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 10 gas gas NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 11 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 12 known know VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 13 He -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 14 concentration concentration NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 16 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 17 thus thus RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 18 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 19 known know VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 20 amount amount NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 21 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 22 Helium helium NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 24 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 25 sealed seal VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 26 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 27 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 28 not not RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 29 connected connect VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 30 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 31 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 32 patient patient NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 159 33 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 1 At at IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 2 end end NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 3 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 4 exhalation exhalation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 5 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 6 valve valve NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 7 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 8 switched switch VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 9 so so IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 10 that that IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 11 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 12 patient patient NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 13 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 14 directly directly RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 15 connected connect VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 16 only only RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 17 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 18 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 19 He He NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 20 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 21 containing contain VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 22 bag bag NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 23 while while IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 24 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 25 ventilator ventilator NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 26 ventilates ventilate VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 27 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 28 box box NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 29 surrounding surround VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 30 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 31 bag bag NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 32 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 33 compresses compress VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 34 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 35 bag bag NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 36 accordingly accordingly RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 160 37 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 161 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 161 2 patient patient NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 161 3 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 161 4 thus thus RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 161 5 ventilated ventilate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 161 6 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 161 7 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 161 8 bag bag NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 161 9 which which WDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 161 10 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 161 11 externally externally RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 161 12 compressed compress VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 161 13 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 161 14 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 161 15 ventilator ventilator NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 161 16 cycle cycle NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 161 17 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 1 After after IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 2 several several JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 3 breaths breath NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 4 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 5 equilibration equilibration NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 6 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 7 He -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 8 concentration concentration NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 9 between between IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 10 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 11 lungs lung NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 12 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 13 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 14 bag bag NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 15 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 16 achieved achieve VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 17 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 18 FRC FRC NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 19 can can MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 20 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 21 calculated calculate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 22 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 23 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 24 same same JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 25 way way NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 26 as as IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 27 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 28 non non JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 29 - - JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 30 ventilated ventilated JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 31 subjects subject NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 162 32 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 163 1 Helium helium NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 163 2 dilution dilution NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 163 3 can can MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 163 4 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 163 5 used use VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 163 6 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 163 7 patients patient NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 163 8 on on IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 163 9 very very RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 163 10 high high JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 163 11 inspired inspire VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 163 12 oxygen oxygen NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 163 13 concentrations concentration NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 163 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 163 15 FIO2 FIO2 NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 163 16 = = SYM cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 163 17 0.97 0.97 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 163 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 163 19 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 164 1 However however RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 164 2 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 164 3 most most JJS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 164 4 thermal thermal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 164 5 conductivity conductivity NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 164 6 based base VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 164 7 He -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 164 8 analyzers analyzer NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 164 9 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 164 10 inaccurate inaccurate JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 164 11 when when WRB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 164 12 O2 o2 NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 164 13 concentrations concentration NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 164 14 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 164 15 high high JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 164 16 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 165 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 165 2 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 165 3 calibration calibration NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 165 4 depends depend VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 165 5 on on IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 165 6 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 165 7 Oz Oz NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 165 8 / / SYM cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 165 9 He -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 165 10 mixture mixture NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 165 11 ratio ratio NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 165 12 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 165 13 should should MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 165 14 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 165 15 repeated repeat VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 165 16 each each DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 165 17 time time NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 165 18 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 166 1 Leak leak NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 166 2 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 166 3 free free JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 166 4 connections connection NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 166 5 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 166 6 intubated intubate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 166 7 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 166 8 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 166 9 more more RBR cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 166 10 difficult difficult JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 166 11 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 166 12 achieve achieve VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 166 13 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 166 14 this this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 166 15 age age NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 166 16 group group NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 166 17 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 166 18 where where WRB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 166 19 cuffed cuff VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 166 20 tubes tube NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 166 21 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 166 22 rarely rarely RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 166 23 used use VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 166 24 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 167 1 If if IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 167 2 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 167 3 leak leak NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 167 4 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 167 5 minimal minimal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 167 6 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 167 7 it -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 167 8 may may MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 167 9 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 167 10 eliminated eliminate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 167 11 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 167 12 gentle gentle JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 167 13 tracheal tracheal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 167 14 pressure pressure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 167 15 during during IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 167 16 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 167 17 recording recording NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 167 18 period period NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 167 19 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 168 1 Although although IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 168 2 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 168 3 method method NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 168 4 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 168 5 correcting correct VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 168 6 leaks leak NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 168 7 during during IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 168 8 FRCI FRCI NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 168 9 ~ ~ NFP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 168 10 e e NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 168 11 measurements measurement NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 168 12 has have VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 168 13 been be VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 168 14 described describe VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 168 15 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 168 16 Fox Fox NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 168 17 et et FW cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 168 18 al al NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 168 19 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 169 1 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 169 2 60 60 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 169 3 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 169 4 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 169 5 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 169 6 currently currently RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 169 7 incorporated incorporate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 169 8 into into IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 169 9 some some DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 169 10 automated automate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 169 11 systems system NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 169 12 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 170 1 This this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 170 2 has have VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 170 3 not not RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 170 4 been be VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 170 5 fully fully RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 170 6 evaluated evaluate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 170 7 nor nor CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 170 8 validated validate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 170 9 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 170 10 may may MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 170 11 result result VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 170 12 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 170 13 significant significant JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 170 14 errors error NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 170 15 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 171 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 171 2 technique technique NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 171 3 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 171 4 based base VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 171 5 on on IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 171 6 washing wash VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 171 7 out out RP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 171 8 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 171 9 N n CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 171 10 2 2 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 171 11 from from IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 171 12 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 171 13 lungs lung NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 171 14 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 171 15 giving give VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 171 16 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 171 17 subject subject JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 171 18 100 100 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 171 19 % % NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 171 20 O o NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 171 21 2 2 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 171 22 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 171 23 breathe breathe VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 171 24 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 1 If if IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 2 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 3 amount amount NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 4 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 5 N n CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 6 2 2 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 7 washed wash VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 8 out out RP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 9 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 10 measured measure VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 11 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 12 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 13 initial initial JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 14 alveolar alveolar NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 15 N n CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 16 2 2 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 17 concentration concentration NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 18 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 19 known know VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 20 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 21 then then RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 22 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 23 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 24 volume volume NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 25 from from IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 26 which which WDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 27 point point NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 28 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 29 washout washout NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 30 started start VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 31 can can MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 32 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 33 derived derive VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 172 34 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 1 In in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 2 this this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 3 open open JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 4 circuit circuit NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 5 method method NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 6 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 7 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 8 patient patient NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 9 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 10 switched switch VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 11 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 12 breathing breathe VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 13 100 100 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 14 % % NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 15 02 02 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 16 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 17 from from IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 18 this this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 19 point point NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 20 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 21 volume volume NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 22 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 23 N n CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 24 2 2 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 25 exhaled exhale VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 26 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 27 determined determine VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 28 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 29 integration integration NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 30 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 31 respect respect NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 32 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 33 time time NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 34 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 35 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 36 instantaneous instantaneous JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 37 N2 N2 NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 38 concentration concentration NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 39 flowing flow VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 40 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 41 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 42 exhalation exhalation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 43 circuit circuit NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 44 multiplied multiply VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 45 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 46 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 47 instantaneous instantaneous JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 48 flow flow NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 173 49 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 174 1 In in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 174 2 1985 1985 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 174 3 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 174 4 Gerhardt Gerhardt NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 174 5 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 174 6 co co NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 174 7 - - NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 174 8 workers worker NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 174 9 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 174 10 61 61 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 174 11 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 174 12 devised devise VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 174 13 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 174 14 new new JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 174 15 open open JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 174 16 washout washout NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 174 17 system system NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 174 18 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 174 19 which which WDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 174 20 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 174 21 constant constant JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 174 22 background background NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 174 23 O2 O2 NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 174 24 flow flow NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 174 25 was be VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 174 26 delivered deliver VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 174 27 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 175 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 175 2 patient patient NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 175 3 inhaled inhale VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 175 4 from from IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 175 5 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 175 6 exhaled exhale VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 175 7 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 175 8 that that DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 175 9 circuit circuit NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 175 10 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 175 11 background background NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 175 12 flow flow NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 175 13 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 1 Although although IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 2 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 3 instantaneous instantaneous JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 4 flow flow NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 5 rate rate NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 6 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 7 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 8 washout washout NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 9 circuit circuit NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 10 changes change NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 11 continuously continuously RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 12 as as IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 13 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 14 subject subject NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 15 breathes breathe VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 16 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 17 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 18 average average JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 19 flow flow NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 20 leaving leave VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 21 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 22 system system NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 23 over over IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 24 time time NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 25 remains remain VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 26 unchanged unchanged JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 27 because because IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 28 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 29 volume volume NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 30 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 31 gas gas NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 32 subtracted subtract VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 33 during during IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 34 inspiration inspiration NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 35 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 36 added add VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 37 back back RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 38 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 39 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 40 system system NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 41 during during IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 42 exhalation exhalation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 43 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 44 this this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 45 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 46 true true JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 47 as as RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 48 long long RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 49 as as IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 50 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 51 temperature temperature NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 52 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 53 humidity humidity NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 54 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 55 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 56 inhaled inhale VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 57 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 58 exhaled exhale VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 59 gas gas NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 60 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 61 equal equal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 62 -a -a HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 63 condition condition NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 64 which which WDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 65 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 66 easy easy JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 67 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 68 meet meet VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 69 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 70 using use VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 71 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 72 humidifier humidifier NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 73 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 176 74 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 1 Because because IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 2 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 3 method method NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 4 ignored ignore VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 5 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 6 instantaneous instantaneous JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 7 change change NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 8 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 9 flow flow NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 10 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 11 used use VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 12 only only RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 13 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 14 average average JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 15 constant constant JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 16 flow flow NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 17 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 18 calculation calculation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 19 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 20 it -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 21 was be VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 22 essential essential JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 23 that that DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 24 sampling sampling NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 25 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 26 N n CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 27 2 2 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 28 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 29 concentration concentration NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 30 measurements measurement NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 31 would would MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 32 " " `` cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 33 see see VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 34 " " '' cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 35 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 36 continuous continuous JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 37 decrease decrease NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 38 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 39 N n CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 40 2 2 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 41 concentration concentration NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 42 as as IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 43 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 44 washout washout NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 45 proceeds proceed VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 46 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 47 without without IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 48 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 49 effect effect NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 50 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 51 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 52 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 53 phase phase NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 177 54 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 178 1 This this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 178 2 was be VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 178 3 achieved achieve VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 178 4 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 178 5 incorporating incorporate VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 178 6 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 178 7 mixing mix VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 178 8 chamber chamber NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 178 9 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 178 10 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 178 11 exhalation exhalation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 178 12 circuit circuit NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 178 13 before before IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 178 14 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 178 15 sampling sampling NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 178 16 port port NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 178 17 from from IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 178 18 which which WDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 178 19 mixed mix VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 178 20 expired expired JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 178 21 gas gas NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 178 22 was be VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 178 23 sampled sample VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 178 24 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 178 25 N2 N2 NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 178 26 analysis analysis NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 178 27 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 179 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 179 2 technique technique NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 179 3 developed develop VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 179 4 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 179 5 Gerhardt Gerhardt NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 179 6 et et NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 179 7 al al NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 179 8 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 180 1 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 180 2 spontaneously spontaneously RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 180 3 breathing breathe VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 180 4 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 180 5 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 180 6 62 62 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 180 7 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 180 8 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 180 9 not not RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 180 10 immediately immediately RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 180 11 applicable applicable JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 180 12 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 180 13 ventilated ventilate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 180 14 children child NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 180 15 mainly mainly RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 180 16 because because IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 180 17 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 180 18 gas gas NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 180 19 flow flow NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 180 20 during during IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 180 21 calibration calibration NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 180 22 does do VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 180 23 not not RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 180 24 equal equal VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 180 25 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 180 26 flow flow NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 180 27 during during IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 180 28 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 180 29 test test NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 180 30 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 1 In in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 2 order order NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 3 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 4 overcome overcome VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 5 this this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 6 difficulty difficulty NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 7 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 8 Sivan Sivan NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 9 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 10 co co NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 11 - - NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 12 workers worker NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 13 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 14 63 63 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 15 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 16 used use VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 17 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 18 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 19 mass mass NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 20 spectrometer spectrometer NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 21 already already RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 22 " " `` cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 23 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 24 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 25 line line NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 26 " " '' cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 27 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 28 measuring measure VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 29 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 30 instantaneous instantaneous JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 31 N n CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 32 2 2 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 33 concentration concentration NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 34 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 35 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 36 record record VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 37 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 38 minute minute NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 39 ventilation ventilation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 40 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 41 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 42 argon argon NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 43 dilution dilution NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 44 technique technique NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 45 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 46 64 64 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 47 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 181 48 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 182 1 At at IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 182 2 FRC FRC NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 182 3 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 182 4 patient patient NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 182 5 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 182 6 switched switch VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 182 7 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 182 8 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 182 9 second second JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 182 10 ventilator ventilator NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 182 11 delivering deliver VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 182 12 100~ 100~ CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 182 13 02 02 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 182 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 182 15 washout washout NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 182 16 ventilator ventilator NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 182 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 182 18 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 182 19 washout washout NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 182 20 starts start NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 182 21 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 1 This this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 2 N2 N2 NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 3 washout washout NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 4 technique technique NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 6 which which WDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 7 unlike unlike IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 8 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 9 He He NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 10 dilution dilution NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 11 method method NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 12 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 13 limited limit VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 14 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 15 patients patient NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 16 at at IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 17 FIO FIO NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 18 2 2 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 19 < < XX cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 20 0.65 0.65 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 22 allows allow VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 23 accurate accurate JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 24 determination determination NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 25 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 26 FRC FRC NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 27 during during IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 28 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 29 ventilation ventilation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 30 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 31 correlates correlate VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 32 well well RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 33 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 34 those those DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 35 values value NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 36 produced produce VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 37 using use VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 38 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 39 Douglas Douglas NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 40 bag bag NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 41 technique technique NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 42 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 43 52 52 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 44 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 183 45 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 1 In in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 2 patients patient NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 3 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 4 restrictive restrictive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 5 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 6 disease disease NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 7 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 8 including include VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 9 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 10 group group NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 11 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 12 ARDS ARDS NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 13 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 14 44 44 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 15 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 16 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 17 FRC FRC NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 18 measured measure VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 19 at at IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 20 clinically clinically RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 21 chosen choose VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 22 levels level NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 23 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 24 PEEP peep NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 26 4 4 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 27 - - SYM cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 28 10cmH20 10cmh20 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 30 was be VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 31 45~ 45~ CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 184 32 below below RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 185 1 predicted predict VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 185 2 FRC FRC NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 185 3 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 185 4 nonintubated nonintubated JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 185 5 normal normal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 185 6 children child NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 185 7 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 185 8 60~ 60~ CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 185 9 below below IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 185 10 that that DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 185 11 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 185 12 ventilated ventilate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 185 13 children child NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 185 14 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 185 15 normal normal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 185 16 lungs lung NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 185 17 at at IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 185 18 physiological physiological JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 185 19 levels level NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 185 20 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 185 21 PEEP peep NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 185 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 185 23 2 2 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 185 24 - - SYM cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 185 25 4 4 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 185 26 cmH20 cmH20 NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 185 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 185 28 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 186 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 186 2 use use NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 186 3 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 186 4 progressively progressively RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 186 5 greater great JJR cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 186 6 levels level NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 186 7 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 186 8 PEEP peep NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 186 9 produced produce VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 186 10 increases increase NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 186 11 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 186 12 FRC FRC NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 186 13 towards towards IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 186 14 predicted predict VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 186 15 normal normal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 186 16 values value NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 186 17 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 186 18 63 63 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 186 19 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 186 20 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 1 However however RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 2 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 3 this this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 4 suggests suggest VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 5 that that IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 6 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 7 ARDS ARDS NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 8 at at IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 9 least least JJS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 10 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 11 normalization normalization NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 12 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 13 FRC FRC NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 14 would would MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 15 require require VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 16 sufficient sufficient JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 17 PEEP peep NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 18 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 19 contribute contribute VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 20 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 21 barotrauma barotrauma NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 22 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 23 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 24 compromise compromise VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 25 cardiac cardiac JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 26 output output NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 27 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 28 systemic systemic JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 29 oxygen oxygen NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 30 transport transport NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 187 31 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 1 In in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 2 spontaneously spontaneously RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 3 breathing breathe VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 4 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 5 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 6 children child NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 7 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 8 FRC FRC NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 9 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 10 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 11 same same JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 12 whether whether IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 13 determined determine VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 14 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 15 He -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 16 dilution dilution NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 17 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 18 N2 n2 NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 19 washout washout NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 20 methods method NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 21 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 22 65 65 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 23 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 24 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 25 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 26 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 27 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 28 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 29 range range NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 30 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 31 16 16 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 32 - - SYM cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 33 22 22 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 34 ml ml NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 35 9 9 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 36 kg-1 kg-1 NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 38 mean mean VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 39 = = SYM cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 40 20.4 20.4 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 41 ml ml NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 42 " " `` cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 43 kg-1 kg-1 NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 188 45 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 2 only only JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 3 published publish VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 4 data datum NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 5 on on IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 6 ventilated ventilate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 7 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 8 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 9 children child NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 10 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 11 normal normal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 12 lungs lung NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 13 demonstrated demonstrate VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 14 FRCs frcs NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 15 up up IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 16 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 17 50~ 50~ CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 18 more more JJR cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 19 than than IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 20 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 21 nor nor CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 22 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 23 mal mal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 24 values value NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 25 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 26 spontaneously spontaneously RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 27 breathing breathe VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 29 i.e. i.e. FW cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 30 not not RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 31 ventilated ventilate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 33 children child NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 34 on on IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 35 PEEPs peep NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 36 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 37 2 2 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 38 - - SYM cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 39 4 4 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 40 cm cm NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 41 H20 H20 NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 42 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 43 63 63 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 44 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 189 45 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 1 As as IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 2 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 3 result result NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 4 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 5 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 6 previous previous JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 7 shortage shortage NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 8 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 9 tools tool NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 10 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 11 assess assess VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 12 objectively objectively RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 13 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 14 overall overall JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 15 physiological physiological JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 16 status status NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 17 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 18 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 19 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 20 system system NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 21 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 22 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 23 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 24 young young JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 25 children child NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 26 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 27 it -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 28 has have VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 29 been be VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 30 difficult difficult JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 31 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 32 measure measure VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 33 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 34 degree degree NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 35 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 36 physiological physiological JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 37 disorder disorder NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 38 or or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 39 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 40 response response NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 41 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 42 therapy therapy NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 43 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 44 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 45 diseases disease NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 46 such such JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 47 as as IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 48 BPD BPD NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 49 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 50 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 51 pediatric pediatric JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 52 version version NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 53 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 54 ARDS ARDS NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 55 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 56 bronchiolitis bronchiolitis NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 57 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 58 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 59 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 60 asthma asthma NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 61 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 62 croup croup NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 63 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 64 this this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 65 patient patient JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 66 population population NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 190 67 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 191 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 191 2 newborn newborn JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 191 3 -four -four JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 191 4 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 191 5 year year NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 191 6 old old JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 191 7 child child NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 191 8 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 191 9 particularly particularly RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 191 10 difficult difficult JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 191 11 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 191 12 study study VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 191 13 because because IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 191 14 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 191 15 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 191 16 lack lack NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 191 17 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 191 18 cooperation cooperation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 191 19 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 191 20 size size NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 191 21 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 2 recent recent JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 3 progress progress NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 4 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 5 computer computer NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 6 technology technology NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 7 made make VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 8 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 9 function function NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 10 testing testing NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 11 available available JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 12 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 13 this this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 14 age age NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 15 range range NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 16 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 17 opened open VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 18 up up RP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 19 new new JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 20 possibilities possibility NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 21 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 22 monitoring monitor VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 23 changes change NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 24 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 25 disease disease NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 26 processes process NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 27 affecting affect VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 28 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 29 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 30 system system NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 192 31 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 193 1 This this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 193 2 may may MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 193 3 improve improve VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 193 4 medical medical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 193 5 management management NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 193 6 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 193 7 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 193 8 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 193 9 children child NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 193 10 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 193 11 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 193 12 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 193 13 heart heart NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 193 14 diseases disease NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 193 15 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 193 16 particular particular JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 193 17 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 1 In in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 2 1989 1989 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 3 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 4 Shannon Shannon NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 5 [ [ -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 6 49 49 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 7 ] ] -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 8 proposed propose VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 9 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 10 this this DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 11 Journal Journal NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 12 that that IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 13 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 14 minimum minimum JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 15 physiological physiological JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 16 information information NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 17 needed need VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 18 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 19 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 20 intelligent intelligent JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 21 use use NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 22 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 23 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 24 ventilation ventilation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 26 particularly particularly RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 27 if if IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 28 lower low JJR cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 29 airway airway NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 30 and/or and/or CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 31 pulmonary pulmonary JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 32 parenchymal parenchymal NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 33 disease disease NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 34 was be VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 35 apparent apparent JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 37 required require VBD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 38 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 39 measurement measurement NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 40 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 41 at at RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 42 least least JJS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 43 4 4 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 44 variables variable NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 45 : : : cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 46 i i LS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 47 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 48 arterial arterial JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 49 partial partial JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 50 pressure pressure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 51 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 52 carbon carbon NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 53 dioxide dioxide NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 54 ; ; : cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 55 ii ii LS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 56 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 57 arterial arterial JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 58 oxygen oxygen NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 59 saturation saturation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 60 ; ; : cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 61 iii iii LS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 194 62 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 195 1 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 195 2 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 195 3 time time NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 195 4 constant constant JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 195 5 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 195 6 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 195 7 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 195 8 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 195 9 iv iv LS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 195 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 195 11 FRC FRC NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 195 12 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 1 In in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 2 many many JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 3 circumstances circumstance NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 4 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 5 arterial arterial JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 6 CO2 co2 NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 7 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 8 approximated approximate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 9 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 10 alveolar alveolar NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 12 end end NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 13 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 14 tidal tidal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 16 CO co NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 17 2 2 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 18 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 19 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 20 arterial arterial JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 21 oxygen oxygen NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 22 saturation saturation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 23 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 24 obtained obtain VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 25 from from IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 26 pulse pulse NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 27 oximetry oximetry NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 28 accurately accurately RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 29 if if IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 30 perfusion perfusion NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 31 is be VBZ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 32 adequate adequate JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 196 33 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 197 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 197 2 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 197 3 time time NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 197 4 constant constant JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 197 5 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 197 6 FRC FRC NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 197 7 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 197 8 easily easily RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 197 9 measured measure VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 197 10 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 197 11 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 197 12 techniques technique NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 197 13 described describe VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 197 14 above above RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 197 15 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 197 16 together together RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 197 17 provide provide VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 197 18 important important JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 197 19 information information NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 197 20 concerning concern VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 197 21 appropriate appropriate JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 197 22 ventilator ventilator NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 197 23 settings setting NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 197 24 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 197 25 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 197 26 given give VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 197 27 disease disease NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 197 28 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 198 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 198 2 described describe VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 198 3 techniques technique NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 198 4 bring bring VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 198 5 new new JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 198 6 insights insight NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 198 7 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 198 8 awareness awareness NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 198 9 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 198 10 but but CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 198 11 also also RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 198 12 new new JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 198 13 responsibilities responsibility NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 198 14 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 198 15 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 198 16 management management NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 198 17 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 198 18 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 198 19 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 198 20 children child NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 198 21 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 198 22 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 198 23 compromise compromise NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 198 24 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 199 1 Not not RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 199 2 all all DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 199 3 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 199 4 these these DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 199 5 techniques technique NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 199 6 need need VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 199 7 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 199 8 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 199 9 applied apply VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 199 10 to to IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 199 11 all all DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 199 12 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 199 13 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 199 14 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 199 15 ICU ICU NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 199 16 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 200 1 Not not RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 200 2 all all PDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 200 3 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 200 4 assumptions assumption NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 200 5 upon upon IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 200 6 which which WDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 200 7 some some DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 200 8 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 200 9 the the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 200 10 techniques technique NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 200 11 we -PRON- PRP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 200 12 have have VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 200 13 described describe VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 200 14 are be VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 200 15 based base VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 200 16 will will MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 200 17 prove prove VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 200 18 true true JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 200 19 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 201 1 Any any DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 201 2 such such JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 201 3 methods method NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 201 4 which which WDT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 201 5 do do VBP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 201 6 not not RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 201 7 withstand withstand VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 201 8 solid solid JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 201 9 scientific scientific JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 201 10 testing testing NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 201 11 must must MD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 201 12 be be VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 201 13 quickly quickly RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 201 14 discarded discard VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 201 15 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 201 16 replaced replace VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 201 17 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 201 18 better well JJR cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 201 19 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 201 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 201 21 hopefully hopefully RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 201 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 201 23 easier easy JJR cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 201 24 methods method NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 201 25 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 201 26 _SP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 202 1 ed ed LS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 202 2 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 202 3 Textbook Textbook NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 202 4 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 202 5 pediatric pediatric JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 202 6 intensive intensive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 202 7 care care NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 202 8 . . . cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 1 Williams Williams NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 2 & & CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 3 Wilkins Wilkins NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 4 Recognition Recognition NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 5 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 6 management management NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 7 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 8 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 9 failure failure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 10 Noninvasive noninvasive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 11 assessment assessment NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 12 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 13 blood blood NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 14 gases gas NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 15 Effect effect NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 16 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 17 positive positive JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 18 end end NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 19 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 20 expiratory expiratory NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 21 pressure pressure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 22 on on IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 23 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 24 compliance compliance NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 25 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 26 children child NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 27 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 28 acute acute JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 29 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 30 failure failure NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 31 Functional functional JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 32 residual residual JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 33 capacity capacity NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 34 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 35 ventilation ventilation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 36 homogeneity homogeneity NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 37 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 38 mechanically mechanically RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 39 ventilated ventilate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 40 small small JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 41 neonates neonate NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 42 Measurement Measurement NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 43 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 44 functional functional JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 45 residual residual JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 46 capacity capacity NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 47 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 48 sulfur sulfur NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 49 hexafluoride hexafluoride NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 50 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 51 small small JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 52 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 53 volume volume NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 54 lungs lung NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 55 during during IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 56 spontaneous spontaneous JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 57 breathing breathing NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 58 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 59 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 203 60 ventilation ventilation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 1 Immediate immediate JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 2 effects effect NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 3 on on IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 4 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 5 function function NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 6 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 7 instilled instill VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 8 human human JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 9 surfactant surfactant NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 10 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 11 mechanically mechanically RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 12 ventilated ventilate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 13 newborn newborn JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 14 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 15 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 16 IRDS IRDS NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 17 Lung Lung NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 18 volume volume NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 19 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 20 gas gas NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 21 mixing mixing NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 22 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 23 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 24 mechanics mechanic NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 25 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 26 breathing breathing NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 27 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 28 mechanically mechanically RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 29 ventilated ventilate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 30 very very RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 31 low low JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 32 birth birth NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 33 weight weight NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 34 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 35 with with IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 36 idiopathic idiopathic JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 37 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 38 distress distress NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 39 syndrom syndrom NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 40 Ekstr6m Ekstr6m NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 41 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 42 Jodal Jodal NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 43 B B NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 44 , , , cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 45 Hjalmarson Hjalmarson NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 46 O O NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 47 ( ( -LRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 48 1991 1991 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 204 49 ) ) -RRB- cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 205 1 A a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 205 2 plethysmographic plethysmographic JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 205 3 method method NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 205 4 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 205 5 assessment assessment NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 205 6 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 205 7 lung lung NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 205 8 function function NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 205 9 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 205 10 mechanically mechanically RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 205 11 ventilated ventilate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 205 12 very very RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 205 13 low low JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 205 14 birth birth NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 205 15 weight weight NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 205 16 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 1 A a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 2 simplified simplified JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 3 method method NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 4 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 5 determine determine VB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 6 functional functional JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 7 residual residual JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 8 capacity capacity NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 9 during during IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 10 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 11 ventilation ventilation NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 12 Effects effect NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 13 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 14 endotracheal endotracheal NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 15 tube tube NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 16 leaks leak NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 17 on on IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 18 functional functional JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 19 residual residual JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 20 capacity capacity NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 21 determination determination NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 22 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 23 intubated intubate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 24 neonates neonate NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 25 A a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 26 simple simple JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 27 method method NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 28 for for IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 29 measuring measure VBG cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 30 functional functional JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 31 residual residual JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 32 capacity capacity NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 33 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 34 N n CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 35 2 2 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 36 washout washout NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 37 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 38 small small JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 39 animals animal NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 40 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 41 newborn newborn JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 42 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 43 Functional functional JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 44 residual residual JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 45 capacity capacity NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 46 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 47 normal normal JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 48 neonates neonate NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 49 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 50 children child NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 51 up up IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 52 to to TO cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 53 5 5 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 54 years year NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 55 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 56 age age NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 57 determined determine VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 58 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 59 a a DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 60 N n CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 61 2 2 CD cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 62 washout washout NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 63 method method NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 64 Functional functional JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 65 residual residual JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 66 capacity capacity NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 67 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 68 ventilated ventilate VBN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 69 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 70 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 206 71 children child NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 1 The the DT cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 2 measurement measurement NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 3 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 4 metabolic metabolic JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 5 gas gas NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 6 exchange exchange NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 7 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 8 minute minute NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 9 volume volume NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 10 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 11 mass mass NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 12 spectrometry spectrometry NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 13 alone alone RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 14 Comparison comparison NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 15 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 16 helium helium NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 17 dilution dilution NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 18 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 19 nitrogen nitrogen NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 20 washout washout NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 21 measurements measurement NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 22 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 23 functional functional JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 24 residual residual JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 25 capacity capacity NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 26 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 27 infants infant NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 28 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 29 very very RB cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 30 young young JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 31 children child NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 32 Measurement Measurement NNP cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 33 of of IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 34 functional functional JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 35 residual residual JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 36 capacity capacity NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 37 by by IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 38 sulfur sulfur NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 39 hexafluoride hexafluoride NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 40 in in IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 41 small small JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 42 - - HYPH cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 43 volume volume NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 44 lungs lung NNS cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 45 during during IN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 46 spontaneous spontaneous JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 47 breathing breathing NN cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 48 and and CC cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 49 mechanical mechanical JJ cord-005774-7z6uyn6p 207 50 ventilation ventilation NN