id	author	title	date	pages	extension	mime	words	sentences	flesch	summary	cache	txt
cord-001714-jfawhnsq	Caron, Alexandre	Bridge hosts, a missing link for disease ecology in multi-host systems	2015-07-21		.txt	text/plain	7900	327	44	We illustrate this framework using the example of the transmission of Avian Influenza Viruses across wild bird/poultry interfaces in Africa and discuss a range of other examples that demonstrate the usefulness of our definition for other multi-host systems. Lastly, we present an operational framework to identify potential bridge host populations, using as a case study the ecology of avian influenza viruses at the wild/domestic bird interface in Africa and also giving other multi-host systems examples. As a consequence, the information available on most wild bird species is scarce and has been obtained mostly from by-catch (i.e. captured non-targeted species) of studies investigating AIV in maintenance waterfowl, resulting in small sample sizes that are inadequate to provide epidemiological understanding of the host roles in AIV ecology in Africa [26] . The range of methods available to characterize host competence for AIV and contact patterns between maintenance, potential bridge and target host populations is drawn from the fields of epidemiology and avian ecology ( Table 2) .	./cache/cord-001714-jfawhnsq.txt	./txt/cord-001714-jfawhnsq.txt