key: cord-342719-bdxb45us
authors: Yamamoto, Shinya; Saito, Makoto; Nagai, Etsuko; Toriuchi, Keiko; Nagai, Hiroyuki; Yotsuyanagi, Hiroshi; Nakagama, Yu; Kido, Yasutoshi; Adachi, Eisuke
title: Antibody Response to SARS-CoV-2 in people living with HIV
date: 2020-10-02
journal: J Microbiol Immunol Infect
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2020.09.005
sha: 
doc_id: 342719
cord_uid: bdxb45us

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Of the 83 COVID-19 patients, five were PLWH. The characteristics of them are summarized in Table 1 . All of them received antiretroviral therapy and their CD4+ T-cell counts had been stable. Three cases were men who have sex with men (MSM), and two cases were transgender women. All five cases were classified mild to moderate severity of COVID-19, and none required intubation. All cases were cured and discharged. All five patients received consecutive serological test, and four of five patients had seroconversion by one month after the symptom onset, which were similar to non-HIV-infected patients. 1 Ample studies have demonstrated that PLWH generally show poor serological response to other viruses or viral antigens such as hepatitis B vaccine, 2 especially for PLWH with a high HIV viral load and decreased CD4+ T-cell. 2 One previous report described that an untreated HIV case had seroconversion of SARS-CoV-2 two months after symptoms appeared. 3 Moreover, a fundamental research demonstrated B-cell dysfunction was caused by HIV-1 gp120 binds directly to primary B-cell in HIV viremic individuals. 4 Therefore, uncontrolled HIV infection may be a factor to lower the rate of seroconversion, including false negative.

ART occurred similarly to that in COVID-19 patients without HIV infection. Absence of seroconversion, as was observed in our Case 2, has been reported particularly in mild 1 or asymptomatic patients. 5 We highlighted that seroconversion of SARS-CoV-2 was similar between well-controlled PLWH and patients without HIV. Our findings showed no evidence of poor serological response to COVID-19. Further studies should be required to elucidate the serological mechanism with PLWH, but coronavirus vaccine potentially could be suitable in PLWH. 

Antibody profiles in mild and severe cases of COVID-19

Undetectable plasma HIV RNA load predicts success after hepatitis B vaccination in HIV-infected persons

One case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in a patient co-infected by HIV with a low CD4(+) T-cell count

The HIV-1 envelope protein gp120 impairs B cell proliferation by inducing TGF-β1 production and FcRL4 expression

Antibody Responses to SARS-CoV-2 at 8 weeks postinfection in asymptomatic patients. Emerg Infect Dis