id sid tid token lemma pos cord-010499-yefxrj30 1 1 key key NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 1 2 : : : cord-010499-yefxrj30 2 1 cord-010499-yefxrj30 cord-010499-yefxrj30 NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 2 2 authors author NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 2 3 : : : cord-010499-yefxrj30 2 4 Yelverton Yelverton NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 2 5 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 2 6 Elizabeth Elizabeth NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 2 7 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 2 8 Lindsley Lindsley NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 2 9 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 2 10 Dale Dale NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 2 11 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 2 12 Yamauchi Yamauchi NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 2 13 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 2 14 Phil Phil NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 2 15 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 2 16 Gallant Gallant NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 2 17 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 2 18 Jonathan Jonathan NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 2 19 A. a. NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 2 20 title title NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 2 21 : : : cord-010499-yefxrj30 3 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 3 2 function function NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 3 3 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 3 4 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 3 5 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 3 6 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 3 7 signal signal NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 3 8 from from IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 3 9 human human JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 3 10 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 3 11 virus‐1 virus‐1 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 3 12 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 3 13 Escherichia Escherichia NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 3 14 coli coli NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 3 15 date date NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 3 16 : : : cord-010499-yefxrj30 3 17 2006 2006 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 3 18 - - SYM cord-010499-yefxrj30 3 19 10 10 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 3 20 - - SYM cord-010499-yefxrj30 3 21 27 27 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 3 22 journal journal NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 3 23 : : : cord-010499-yefxrj30 4 1 Mol Mol NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 4 2 Microbiol Microbiol NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 4 3 DOI DOI NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 4 4 : : : cord-010499-yefxrj30 5 1 10.1111 10.1111 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 5 2 / / SYM cord-010499-yefxrj30 5 3 j.1365 j.1365 XX cord-010499-yefxrj30 5 4 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 5 5 2958.1994.tb00310.x 2958.1994.tb00310.x CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 5 6 sha sha NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 5 7 : : : cord-010499-yefxrj30 5 8 325e50e217cb21ebe9e8b3899f1e3d5f1d8f7650 325e50e217cb21ebe9e8b3899f1e3d5f1d8f7650 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 5 9 doc_id doc_id CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 5 10 : : : cord-010499-yefxrj30 5 11 10499 10499 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 5 12 cord_uid cord_uid NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 5 13 : : : cord-010499-yefxrj30 6 1 yefxrj30 yefxrj30 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 7 1 A a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 7 2 15‐17 15‐17 JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 7 3 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 7 4 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 7 5 from from IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 7 6 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 7 7 gag‐pol gag‐pol NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 7 8 ribosome ribosome NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 7 9 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 7 10 site site NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 7 11 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 7 12 HIV‐1 HIV‐1 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 7 13 directs direct VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 7 14 analogous analogous JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 7 15 ribosomal ribosomal NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 7 16 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 7 17 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 7 18 Escherichia Escherichia NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 7 19 coli coli NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 7 20 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 8 1 Limitation limitation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 8 2 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 8 3 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 8 4 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 8 5 which which WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 8 6 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 8 7 encoded encode VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 8 8 precisely precisely RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 8 9 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 8 10 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 8 11 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 8 12 site site NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 8 13 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 8 14 dramatically dramatically RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 8 15 increased increase VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 8 16 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 8 17 frequency frequency NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 8 18 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 8 19 leftward leftward JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 8 20 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 8 21 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 9 1 Limitation limitation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 9 2 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 9 3 phenylaianine phenylaianine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 9 4 or or CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 9 5 arginine arginine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 9 6 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 9 7 which which WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 9 8 are be VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 9 9 encoded encode VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 9 10 just just RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 9 11 before before RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 9 12 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 9 13 just just RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 9 14 after after IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 9 15 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 9 16 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 9 17 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 9 18 did do VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 9 19 not not RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 9 20 significantly significantly RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 9 21 affect affect VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 9 22 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 9 23 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 10 1 Protein protein NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 10 2 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 10 3 analysis analysis NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 10 4 demonstrated demonstrate VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 10 5 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 10 6 occurrence occurrence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 10 7 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 10 8 two two CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 10 9 closeiy closeiy NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 10 10 related relate VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 10 11 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 10 12 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 10 13 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 11 1 In in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 11 2 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 11 3 first first JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 11 4 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 11 5 ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 11 6 appear appear VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 11 7 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 11 8 bind bind VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 11 9 leucyl‐tRNA leucyl‐tRNA NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 11 10 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 11 11 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 11 12 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 11 13 site site NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 11 14 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 11 15 then then RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 11 16 slip slip VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 11 17 leftward leftward RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 11 18 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 12 1 This this DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 12 2 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 12 3 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 12 4 ' ' `` cord-010499-yefxrj30 12 5 simultaneous simultaneous JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 12 6 slippage’mechanism slippage’mechanism NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 12 7 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 13 1 In in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 13 2 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 13 3 second second JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 13 4 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 13 5 ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 13 6 appear appear VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 13 7 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 13 8 slip slip VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 13 9 before before IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 13 10 binding bind VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 13 11 amlnoacyl‐tRNA amlnoacyl‐tRNA '' cord-010499-yefxrj30 13 12 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 13 13 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 13 14 then then RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 13 15 bind bind VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 13 16 phenylaianyl‐tRNA phenylaianyl‐tRNA NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 13 17 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 13 18 which which WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 13 19 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 13 20 encoded encode VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 13 21 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 13 22 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 13 23 left‐shifted left‐shifted JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 13 24 reading reading NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 13 25 frame frame NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 13 26 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 14 1 This this DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 14 2 mechanism mechanism NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 14 3 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 14 4 identicai identicai NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 14 5 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 14 6 the‘overlapping the‘overlapping IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 14 7 reading’we reading’we NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 14 8 have have VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 14 9 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 14 10 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 14 11 other other JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 14 12 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 14 13 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 14 14 sites site NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 14 15 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 15 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 15 2 HIV‐1 HIV‐1 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 15 3 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 15 4 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 15 5 prone prone JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 15 6 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 15 7 frame‐shifting frame‐shifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 15 8 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 15 9 both both DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 15 10 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 15 11 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 15 12 E. E. NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 15 13 coli coli NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 15 14 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 1 Ribosomes Ribosomes NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 2 normaiiy normaiiy NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 3 maintain maintain VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 4 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 5 constant constant JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 6 reading reading NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 7 frame frame NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 8 from from IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 9 AUG AUG NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 10 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 11 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 12 finish finish NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 13 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 14 but but CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 15 they -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 16 are be VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 17 capabie capabie NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 18 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 19 slipping slip VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 20 into into IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 21 an an DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 22 alternative alternative JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 23 reading reading NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 24 frame frame NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 25 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 26 an an DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 27 average average JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 28 frequency frequency NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 29 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 30 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 31 order order NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 32 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 33 10 10 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 34 " " '' cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 36 Atkins Atkins NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 37 etai etai NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 38 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 39 1972 1972 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 40 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 41 J. J. NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 42 A. A. NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 43 Gallant Gallant NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 44 etai etai NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 45 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 46 unpubiished unpubiished JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 47 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 16 48 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 17 1 In in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 17 2 certain certain JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 17 3 special special JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 17 4 cases case NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 17 5 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 17 6 much much RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 17 7 higher high JJR cord-010499-yefxrj30 17 8 frequencies frequency NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 17 9 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 17 10 ribosome ribosome NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 17 11 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 17 12 occur occur VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 17 13 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 18 1 These these DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 18 2 cases case NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 18 3 include include VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 18 4 production production NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 18 5 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 18 6 polypeptide polypeptide NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 18 7 release release NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 18 8 factor factor NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 18 9 2 2 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 18 10 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 18 11 Escherichia Escherichia NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 18 12 coli coli NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 18 13 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 18 14 which which WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 18 15 depends depend VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 18 16 upon upon IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 18 17 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 18 18 rightward rightward JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 18 19 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 18 20 within within IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 18 21 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 18 22 coding coding NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 18 23 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 2 Craigen Craigen NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 3 et et NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 4 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 5 .. .. CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 6 1985 1985 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 7 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 8 Craigen Craigen NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 9 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 10 Caskey Caskey NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 11 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 12 1987 1987 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 13 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 14 Weiss Weiss NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 15 et et NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 16 ai ai NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 17 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 18 1987 1987 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 19 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 20 Curran Curran NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 21 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 22 Yarus Yarus NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 23 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 24 1988 1988 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 26 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 27 translation translation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 28 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 29 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 30 reverse reverse JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 31 transcriptase transcriptase NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 32 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 33 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 34 yeast yeast NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 35 Ty Ty NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 36 element element NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 37 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 38 which which WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 39 also also RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 40 depends depend VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 41 upon upon IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 42 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 43 rightward rightward JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 44 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 45 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 46 Clare Clare NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 47 ef ef NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 48 ai ai NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 49 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 50 1988 1988 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 51 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 52 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 53 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 54 translation translation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 55 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 56 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 57 RNA RNA NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 58 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 59 severai severai NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 60 retroviruses retrovirus NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 61 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 62 which which WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 63 express express VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 64 gag gag NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 65 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 66 pol pol NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 67 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 68 gag gag NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 69 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 70 pro pro JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 71 - - JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 72 pol pol JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 73 polyproteins polyprotein NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 74 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 75 means mean NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 76 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 77 leftward leftward NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 78 frameshifts frameshifts NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 79 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 80 reviewed review VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 81 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 82 Hatfield Hatfield NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 83 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 84 Oroszlan Oroszlan NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 85 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 86 1990 1990 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 87 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 88 Cattaneo Cattaneo NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 89 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 90 1989 1989 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 91 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 19 92 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 1 Ribosomal Ribosomal NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 2 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 3 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 4 both both CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 5 rightward rightward JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 6 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 7 leftward leftward JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 8 directions direction NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 9 has have VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 10 also also RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 11 been be VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 12 shown show VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 13 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 14 occur occur VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 15 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 16 certain certain JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 17 ' ' `` cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 18 hungry hungry JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 19 ' ' '' cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 20 codons codon NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 21 whose whose WP$ cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 22 cognate cognate JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 23 aminoacyi aminoacyi RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 24 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 25 tRNAs trna NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 26 are be VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 27 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 28 short short JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 29 supply supply NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 31 Gallant Gallant NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 32 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 33 Foley Foley NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 34 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 35 1980 1980 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 36 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 37 Weiss Weiss NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 38 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 39 Gailant Gailant NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 40 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 41 1983 1983 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 42 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 43 1986 1986 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 44 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 45 Gallant Gallant NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 46 et et NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 47 ai ai NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 48 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 49 1985 1985 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 50 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 51 Kurland Kurland NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 52 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 53 Gallant Gallant NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 54 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 55 1986 1986 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 56 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 20 57 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 1 Not not RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 2 all all DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 3 hungry hungry JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 4 codons codon NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 5 are be VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 6 equally equally RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 7 prone prone JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 8 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 9 shift shift VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 10 : : : cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 11 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 12 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 13 survey survey NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 14 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 15 21 21 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 16 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 17 mutations mutation NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 18 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 19 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 20 rllB rllB NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 21 gene gene NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 22 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 23 phage phage NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 24 T4 T4 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 25 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 26 Weiss Weiss NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 27 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 28 Gallant Gallant NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 30 1986 1986 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 32 found find VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 33 that that IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 34 oniy oniy RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 35 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 36 minority minority NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 37 were be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 38 phenotypicaily phenotypicaily RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 39 suppressible suppressible JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 40 when when WRB cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 41 challenged challenge VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 42 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 43 limitation limitation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 44 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 45 any any DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 46 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 47 several several JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 48 aminoacyl aminoacyl NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 49 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 50 tRNAs trna NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 21 51 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 22 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 22 2 context context NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 22 3 njies njie NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 22 4 governing govern VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 22 5 ribosome ribosome NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 22 6 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 22 7 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 22 8 hungry hungry JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 22 9 sites site NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 22 10 are be VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 22 11 under under IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 22 12 investigation investigation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 22 13 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 22 14 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 22 15 have have VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 22 16 been be VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 22 17 defined define VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 22 18 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 22 19 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 22 20 few few JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 22 21 cases case NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 23 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 23 2 Weiss Weiss NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 23 3 et et NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 23 4 al al NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 23 5 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 24 1 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 24 2 1988 1988 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 24 3 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 24 4 Gallant Gallant NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 24 5 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 24 6 Lindsiey Lindsiey NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 24 7 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 24 8 1992 1992 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 24 9 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 24 10 Peter Peter NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 24 11 et et NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 24 12 ai ai NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 24 13 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 25 1 1992 1992 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 25 2 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 25 3 Koior Koior NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 25 4 ef ef NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 25 5 a/. a/. NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 25 6 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 25 7 1993 1993 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 25 8 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 26 1 Lindsiey Lindsiey NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 26 2 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 26 3 Gallant Gallant NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 26 4 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 26 5 1993 1993 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 26 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 26 7 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 1 So so RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 2 far far RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 3 these these DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 4 sequences sequence NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 5 do do VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 6 not not RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 7 resembie resembie VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 8 any any DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 9 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 10 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 11 naturally naturally RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 12 occurring occur VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 13 shifty shifty JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 14 sites site NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 15 summarized summarize VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 16 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 17 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 18 first first JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 19 paragraph paragraph NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 20 above above RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 21 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 22 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 23 order order NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 24 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 25 find find VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 26 out out RP cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 27 whether whether IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 28 these these DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 29 two two CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 30 categories category NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 31 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 32 ribosome ribosome NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 33 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 34 are be VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 35 mechanisticaliy mechanisticaliy JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 36 reiated reiate VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 37 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 38 we -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 39 have have VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 40 tested test VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 41 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 42 susceptibility susceptibility NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 43 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 44 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 45 well well RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 46 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 47 studied study VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 48 retroviral retroviral JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 49 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 50 site site NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 51 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 52 manipulation manipulation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 53 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 54 aminoacyl aminoacyl NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 55 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 56 tRNA trna NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 57 limitation limitation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 58 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 59 E. E. NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 27 60 coli coli NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 2 have have VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 3 directed direct VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 4 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 5 analysis analysis NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 6 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 7 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 8 shifty shifty JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 9 site site NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 10 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 11 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 12 gag gag NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 13 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 14 pol pol NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 15 junction junction NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 16 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 17 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 18 both both DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 19 because because IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 20 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 21 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 22 clinical clinical JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 23 interest interest NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 24 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 25 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 26 because because IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 27 certain certain JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 28 features feature NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 29 render render VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 30 it -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 31 convenient convenient JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 32 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 33 analysis analysis NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 28 34 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 1 In in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 2 some some DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 3 viral viral JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 4 systems system NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 5 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 6 baroque baroque JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 7 secondary secondary JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 8 structures structure NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 9 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 10 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 11 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 12 downstream downstream NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 13 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 14 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 15 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 16 site site NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 17 are be VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 18 required require VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 19 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 20 augment augment VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 21 frameshifting frameshifting JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 22 levels level NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 24 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 25 et et NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 26 ai ai NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 27 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 28 1988b 1988b CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 29 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 30 Brierley Brierley NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 31 et et NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 32 ai ai NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 33 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 34 1989 1989 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 29 36 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 30 1 In in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 30 2 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 30 3 case case NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 30 4 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 30 5 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 30 6 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 30 7 however however RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 30 8 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 30 9 although although IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 30 10 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 30 11 stem stem NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 30 12 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 30 13 loop loop NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 30 14 structure structure NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 30 15 might may MD cord-010499-yefxrj30 30 16 exist exist VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 30 17 downstream downstream RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 30 18 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 30 19 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 30 20 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 30 21 site site NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 31 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 31 2 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 31 3 et et NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 31 4 ai ai NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 31 5 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 31 6 1988a 1988a CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 31 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 31 8 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 32 1 direct direct JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 32 2 modification modification NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 32 3 or or CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 32 4 elimination elimination NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 32 5 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 32 6 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 32 7 stem stem NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 32 8 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 32 9 loop loop NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 32 10 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 32 11 has have VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 32 12 little little JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 32 13 effect effect NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 32 14 on on IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 32 15 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 32 16 rate rate NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 32 17 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 32 18 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 33 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 33 2 Madhani Madhani NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 33 3 et et NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 33 4 ai ai NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 33 5 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 33 6 1988 1988 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 33 7 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 33 8 Weiss Weiss NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 33 9 etai etai NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 33 10 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 33 11 1989 1989 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 33 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 33 13 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 34 1 Moreover moreover RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 34 2 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 34 3 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 34 4 etal etal NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 34 5 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 2 1988 1988 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 4 demonstrated demonstrate VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 5 that that IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 6 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 7 short short JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 9 21 21 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 10 nucleotide nucleotide NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 12 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 13 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 14 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 15 without without IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 16 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 17 stem stem NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 18 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 19 loop loop NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 20 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 21 sufficient sufficient JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 22 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 23 direct direct VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 24 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 25 high high JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 26 level level NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 27 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 28 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 29 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 30 heterologous heterologous NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 31 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 32 vitro vitro FW cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 33 systems system NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 35 34 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 36 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 36 2 site site NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 36 3 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 36 4 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 36 5 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 36 6 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 36 7 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 36 8 siippery siippery NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 36 9 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 37 1 U U NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 37 2 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 37 3 UUU UUU NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 37 4 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 37 5 UUA UUA NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 37 6 has have VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 37 7 been be VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 37 8 directly directly RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 37 9 established establish VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 37 10 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 37 11 amino amino NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 37 12 acid acid NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 37 13 sequencing sequencing NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 37 14 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 37 15 frameshifted frameshifte VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 37 16 proteins protein NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 37 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 38 1 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 38 2 et et NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 38 3 ai ai NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 38 4 . . NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 38 5 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 38 6 1988b 1988b CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 38 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 38 8 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 38 9 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 1 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 2 participation participation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 3 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 4 certain certain JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 5 aminoacyl aminoacyl NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 6 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 7 tRNAs tRNAs NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 8 has have VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 9 been be VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 10 clearly clearly RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 11 implicated implicate VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 12 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 13 mutagenesis mutagenesis NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 14 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 15 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 16 monotonous monotonous JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 17 tract tract NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 18 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 19 uridines uridine NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 21 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 22 et et NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 23 ai ai NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 24 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 25 1988b 1988b CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 26 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 27 Wiison Wiison NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 28 et et NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 29 ai ai NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 30 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 31 1988 1988 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 39 33 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 2 purpose purpose NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 3 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 4 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 5 discover discover VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 6 whether whether IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 7 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 8 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 9 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 10 directed direct VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 11 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 12 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 13 very very RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 14 short short JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 15 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 16 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 17 HiV-1 HiV-1 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 18 could could MD cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 19 be be VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 20 reproduced reproduce VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 21 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 22 E e NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 23 coli coli NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 24 ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 25 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 26 vivo vivo NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 27 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 28 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 29 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 30 if if IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 31 so so RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 32 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 33 whether whether IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 34 we -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 35 could could MD cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 36 alter alter VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 37 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 38 rate rate NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 39 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 40 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 41 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 42 regimens regimen NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 43 that that WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 44 change change VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 45 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 46 relative relative JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 47 abundance abundance NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 48 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 49 key key JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 50 aminoacyl aminoacyl NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 51 tRNAs trna NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 52 encoded encode VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 53 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 54 or or CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 55 near near IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 56 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 57 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 58 site site NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 40 59 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 41 1 Weiss Weiss NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 41 2 etal etal NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 41 3 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 42 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 42 2 1989 1989 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 42 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 42 4 have have VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 42 5 also also RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 42 6 reported report VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 42 7 that that IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 42 8 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 42 9 52 52 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 42 10 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 42 11 fragment fragment NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 42 12 from from IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 42 13 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 42 14 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 42 15 sufficient sufficient JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 42 16 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 42 17 direct direct VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 42 18 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 42 19 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 42 20 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 42 21 an an DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 42 22 E. E. NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 42 23 coli coli NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 42 24 system system NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 42 25 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 1 In in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 2 this this DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 3 report report NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 4 we -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 5 present present VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 6 evidence evidence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 7 that that IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 8 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 9 much much RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 10 shorter short JJR cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 11 15 15 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 12 - - SYM cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 13 17 17 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 14 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 15 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 16 derived derive VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 17 from from IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 18 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 19 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 20 sufficient sufficient JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 21 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 22 direct direct VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 23 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 24 same same JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 25 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 26 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 27 event event NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 28 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 29 E. E. NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 30 coli coli NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 31 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 32 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 33 eukaryotes eukaryote NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 43 34 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 2 also also RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 3 show show VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 4 that that IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 5 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 6 E. E. NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 7 coli coli VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 8 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 9 rate rate NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 10 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 11 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 12 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 13 on on IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 14 that that DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 15 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 16 can can MD cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 17 be be VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 18 increased increase VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 19 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 20 limitation limitation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 21 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 22 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 23 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 24 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 25 amino amino NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 26 acid acid NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 27 encoded encode VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 28 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 29 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 30 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 31 site site NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 44 32 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 45 1 Protein protein NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 45 2 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 45 3 analysis analysis NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 45 4 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 45 5 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 45 6 product product NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 45 7 indicates indicate VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 45 8 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 45 9 occurrence occurrence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 45 10 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 45 11 two two CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 45 12 siightiy siightiy NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 45 13 different different JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 45 14 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 45 15 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 45 16 shifting shift VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 45 17 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 46 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 46 2 strategy strategy NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 46 3 behind behind IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 46 4 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 46 5 construction construction NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 46 6 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 46 7 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-010499-yefxrj30 46 8 assay assay NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 46 9 system system NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 46 10 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 46 11 ribosomai ribosomai NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 46 12 frameshifting frameshifting NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 46 13 may may MD cord-010499-yefxrj30 46 14 be be VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 46 15 understood understand VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 46 16 with with IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 46 17 reference reference NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 46 18 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 46 19 Fig Fig NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 46 20 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 47 1 1 1 LS cord-010499-yefxrj30 47 2 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 48 1 When when WRB cord-010499-yefxrj30 48 2 eukaryotic eukaryotic JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 48 3 ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 48 4 decode decode VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 48 5 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 48 6 HIV HIV NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 48 7 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 48 8 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 48 9 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 48 10 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 48 11 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 49 1 UUUUUUAGGG UUUUUUAGGG NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 49 2 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 49 3 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 49 4 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 50 1 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 50 2 shown show VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 50 3 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 50 4 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 50 5 1 1 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 50 6 - - SYM cord-010499-yefxrj30 50 7 10 10 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 50 8 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 50 9 Fig Fig NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 50 10 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 1 1A 1a LS cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 2 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 3 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 4 adenine adenine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 5 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 6 position position NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 7 7 7 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 8 appears appear VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 9 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 10 be be VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 11 read read VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 12 twice twice RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 13 : : : cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 14 first first RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 15 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 16 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 17 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 18 third third JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 19 position position NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 20 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 21 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 22 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 23 codon codon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 25 UUA UUA NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 27 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 28 then then RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 29 again again RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 30 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 31 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 32 first first JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 33 position position NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 34 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 35 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 36 overlapping overlap VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 37 arginine arginine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 38 codon codon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 39 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 40 AGG AGG NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 41 Ratner Ratner NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 42 et et NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 43 al al NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 51 44 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 52 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 52 2 1985 1985 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 52 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 52 4 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 53 1 In in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 53 2 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 53 3 heterologous heterologous JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 53 4 mammalian mammalian NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 53 5 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 53 6 w w NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 53 7 / / SYM cord-010499-yefxrj30 53 8 ro ro NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 53 9 translation translation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 53 10 system system NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 53 11 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 53 12 most most JJS cord-010499-yefxrj30 53 13 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 53 14 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 53 15 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 53 16 product product NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 53 17 has have VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 53 18 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 53 19 amino amino NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 53 20 acid acid NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 53 21 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 53 22 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 53 23 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 53 24 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 54 1 Asn Asn NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 54 2 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 54 3 Phe Phe NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 54 4 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 54 5 Leu Leu NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 54 6 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 54 7 Arg Arg NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 55 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 55 2 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 55 3 et et NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 55 4 al al NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 55 5 . . NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 55 6 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 55 7 1988b 1988b CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 55 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 55 9 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 55 10 where where WRB cord-010499-yefxrj30 55 11 Leu Leu NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 55 12 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 55 13 encoded encode VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 55 14 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 55 15 positions position NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 55 16 5 5 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 55 17 - - SYM cord-010499-yefxrj30 55 18 7 7 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 55 19 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 55 20 Arg Arg NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 55 21 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 55 22 encoded encode VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 55 23 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 55 24 positions position NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 55 25 7 7 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 55 26 - - SYM cord-010499-yefxrj30 55 27 9 9 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 55 28 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 1 Some some DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 2 mutations mutation NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 3 that that WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 4 result result VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 5 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 6 increased increase VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 7 or or CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 8 decreased decrease VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 9 expression expression NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 10 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 11 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 12 products product NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 13 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 14 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 15 heterologous heterologous JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 16 test test NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 17 system system NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 18 are be VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 19 shown show VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 20 above above IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 21 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 22 below below IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 23 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 24 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 25 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 26 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 27 respectively respectively RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 29 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 30 ef ef NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 31 a/. a/. NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 32 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 33 1988 1988 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 56 35 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 57 1 ' ' '' cord-010499-yefxrj30 58 1 N N NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 58 2 ' ' POS cord-010499-yefxrj30 58 3 signifies signify VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 58 4 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 58 5 mutation mutation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 58 6 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 58 7 any any DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 58 8 non non JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 58 9 - - JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 58 10 U u JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 58 11 base base NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 58 12 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 1 Double double JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 2 underlines underline NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 3 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 4 positions position NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 5 -10 -10 NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 6 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 7 +16 +16 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 8 mark mark VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 9 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 10 boundaries boundary NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 11 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 12 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 13 fragment fragment NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 14 that that WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 15 directs direct VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 16 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 17 synthesis synthesis NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 18 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 19 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 20 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 21 protein protein NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 22 product product NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 23 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 24 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 25 heterologous heterologous JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 26 yeast yeast NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 27 system system NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 29 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 30 et et NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 31 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 32 .. .. . cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 33 1988 1988 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 59 35 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 2 singly singly RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 3 underlined underline VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 4 G g NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 5 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 6 position position NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 7 -6 -6 : cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 8 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 9 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 10 5 5 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 11 ' ' '' cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 12 boundary boundary NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 13 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 14 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 15 fragment fragment NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 16 that that WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 17 directs direct VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 18 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 19 synthesis synthesis NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 20 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 21 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 22 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 23 protein protein NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 24 product product NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 25 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 26 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 27 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 28 iri iri FW cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 29 vitro vitro FW cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 30 system system NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 32 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 33 e e NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 35 al al NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 36 . . NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 37 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 38 1988b 1988b CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 60 40 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 61 1 B. B. NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 61 2 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 61 3 C. C. NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 61 4 A A NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 61 5 portion portion NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 61 6 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 61 7 & & CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 61 8 ie ie NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 62 1 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 62 2 sequences sequence NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 62 3 expressed express VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 62 4 from from IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 62 5 tecZframeshift teczframeshift DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 62 6 alleles allele NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 62 7 HIV13 HIV13 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 62 8 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 62 9 HIV13-A3 HIV13-A3 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 62 10 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 62 11 HIV201 HIV201 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 62 12 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 62 13 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 62 14 HIV201-U7 HIV201-U7 NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 62 15 are be VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 62 16 depicted depict VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 62 17 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 63 1 Numbers number NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 63 2 above above IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 63 3 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 63 4 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 63 5 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 63 6 correspond correspond VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 63 7 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 63 8 analogous analogous JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 63 9 positions position NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 63 10 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 63 11 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 63 12 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 63 13 gag gag NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 63 14 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 63 15 po po NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 63 16 / / SYM cord-010499-yefxrj30 63 17 junction junction NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 63 18 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 64 1 Doubly doubly RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 64 2 underlined underline VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 64 3 nucieotides nucieotide NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 64 4 mark mark VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 64 5 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 64 6 twundaries twundarie NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 64 7 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 64 8 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 65 1 thai thai NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 65 2 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 65 3 consen consen NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 65 4 / / SYM cord-010499-yefxrj30 65 5 ed ed NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 65 6 with with IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 65 7 respect respect NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 65 8 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 65 9 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 65 10 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 66 1 Synthesis synthesis NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 66 2 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 66 3 p p NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 66 4 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 66 5 gaiactosidase gaiactosidase NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 66 6 from from IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 66 7 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 66 8 alleles allele NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 66 9 requires require VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 66 10 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 66 11 leftward leftward JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 66 12 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 66 13 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 67 1 Amino amino NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 67 2 acids acid NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 67 3 are be VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 67 4 shown show VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 67 5 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 67 6 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 67 7 mature mature JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 67 8 protein protein NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 67 9 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 67 10 afler afler NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 67 11 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 67 12 vivo vivo NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 67 13 cleavage cleavage NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 67 14 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 67 15 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 67 16 initiating initiate VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 67 17 W w NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 67 18 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 67 19 terminal terminal NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 67 20 fomiyl fomiyl NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 67 21 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 67 22 met meet VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 67 23 residue residue NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 67 24 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 68 1 Constructs construct NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 68 2 pHIV13 pHIV13 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 68 3 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 68 4 pHIV201 pHIV201 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 68 5 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 69 1 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 69 2 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-010499-yefxrj30 69 3 variants variant NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 69 4 pHIV13-A3 pHIV13-A3 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 69 5 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 69 6 pHIV201-U7 pHIV201-U7 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 69 7 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 69 8 are be VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 69 9 described describe VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 69 10 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 69 11 Fig Fig NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 69 12 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 70 1 1 1 LS cord-010499-yefxrj30 70 2 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 71 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 71 2 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 71 3 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 71 4 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 71 5 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 71 6 critical critical JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 71 7 heptanucleotide heptanucleotide NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 71 8 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 71 9 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 71 10 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 71 11 site site NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 71 12 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 71 13 shown show VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 71 14 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 71 15 parenthesis parenthesis NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 71 16 after after IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 71 17 each each DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 71 18 construct construct NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 71 19 's 's POS cord-010499-yefxrj30 71 20 designation designation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 71 21 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 71 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 1 All all DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 2 constructs construct NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 3 were be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 4 transformed transform VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 5 into into IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 6 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 7 derivative derivative NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 8 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 9 CP79 CP79 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 10 { { -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 11 relA2 relA2 . cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 12 thr thr NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 13 ' ' POS cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 14 leu leu NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 15 his -PRON- PRP$ cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 16 ~ ~ NFP cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 17 arg~ arg~ CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 18 thi~ thi~ CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 20 carrying carry VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 21 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 22 complete complete JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 23 deletion deletion NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 24 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 25 lacZ. lacZ. NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 26 Methods method NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 27 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 28 cultivation cultivation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 29 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 30 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 31 enzyme enzyme NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 32 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 33 protein protein NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 34 assay assay NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 35 were be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 36 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 37 described describe VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 38 previously previously RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 39 Peter Peter NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 40 etal etal NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 41 . . NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 42 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 43 1992 1992 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 72 45 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 73 1 Cells cell NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 73 2 were be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 73 3 grown grow VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 73 4 into into IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 73 5 exponential exponential JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 73 6 phase phase NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 73 7 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 73 8 M63-glucose M63-glucose NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 73 9 medium medium NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 73 10 supplemenled supplemenle VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 73 11 with with IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 73 12 all all DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 73 13 required require VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 73 14 amino amino NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 73 15 acids acid NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 73 16 plus plus CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 73 17 He -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 73 18 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 73 19 Val Val NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 73 20 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 74 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 74 2 lac lac NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 74 3 promoter promoter NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 74 4 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 74 5 induced induce VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 74 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 74 7 2mM 2mm CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 74 8 IPTG IPTG NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 74 9 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 74 10 2.5mM 2.5mm CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 74 11 cAMP camp NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 74 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 74 13 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 74 14 about about RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 74 15 one one CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 74 16 doubling doubling NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 74 17 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 75 1 Data datum NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 75 2 are be VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 75 3 reported report VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 75 4 ± ± NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 75 5 standard standard JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 75 6 error error NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 75 7 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 75 8 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 75 9 mean mean NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 75 10 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 75 11 with with IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 75 12 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 75 13 number number NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 75 14 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 75 15 replicate replicate VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 75 16 induced induce VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 75 17 cultures culture NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 75 18 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 75 19 parentheses parenthesis NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 75 20 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 76 1 These these DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 76 2 values value NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 76 3 include include VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 76 4 all all PDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 76 5 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 76 6 unstarved unstarved JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 76 7 control control NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 76 8 cultures culture NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 76 9 from from IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 76 10 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 76 11 various various JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 76 12 starvation starvation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 76 13 experiments experiment NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 76 14 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 77 1 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 77 2 take take VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 77 3 place place NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 77 4 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 77 5 about about RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 77 6 10 10 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 77 7 % % NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 77 8 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 77 9 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 77 10 transits transit NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 77 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 77 12 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 77 13 etai etai NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 77 14 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 78 1 1988b 1988b CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 78 2 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 78 3 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 79 1 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 79 2 HiV-1 HiV-1 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 79 3 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 79 4 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 79 5 outcome outcome NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 79 6 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 79 7 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 79 8 leftward leftward JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 79 9 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 79 10 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 79 11 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 79 12 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 79 13 successful successful JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 79 14 production production NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 79 15 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 79 16 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 79 17 gag gag NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 79 18 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 79 19 pol pol NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 79 20 fusion fusion NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 79 21 protein protein NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 79 22 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 79 23 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 79 24 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 79 25 assay assay NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 79 26 system system NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 79 27 we -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 79 28 have have VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 79 29 devised devise VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 79 30 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 1 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 2 outcome outcome NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 3 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 4 an an DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 5 analogous analogous JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 6 ieftward ieftward NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 7 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 8 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 9 E e NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 10 coli coli NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 11 ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 12 wiii wiii NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 13 be be VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 14 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 15 successful successful JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 16 production production NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 17 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 18 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 19 enzyme enzyme NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 20 p p NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 21 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 22 galactosidase galactosidase NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 23 from from IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 24 genetically genetically RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 25 frameshifted frameshifte VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 26 alleles allele NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 27 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 28 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 29 /acZ /acZ NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 30 gene gene NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 80 31 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 2 have have VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 3 previousiy previousiy NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 4 used use VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 5 an an DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 6 assay assay NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 7 system system NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 8 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 9 similar similar JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 10 design design NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 11 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 12 demonstrate demonstrate VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 13 that that IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 14 lysyl lysyl NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 15 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 16 tRNA trna NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 17 starvation starvation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 18 can can MD cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 19 amplify amplify VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 20 ribosomai ribosomai JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 21 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 22 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 23 either either DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 24 direction direction NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 25 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 26 iysine iysine NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 27 codons codon NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 28 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 29 given give VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 30 certain certain JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 31 context context NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 32 ruies ruie NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 34 Gailant Gailant NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 35 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 36 Peter Peter NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 37 etai etai NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 81 38 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 82 1 1992 1992 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 82 2 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 82 3 Lindsiey Lindsiey NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 82 4 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 82 5 Gailant Gailant NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 82 6 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 82 7 1993 1993 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 82 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 82 9 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 1 Aileles Aileles NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 2 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 3 be be VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 4 tested test VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 5 were be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 6 constructed construct VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 7 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 8 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 9 ligatlon ligatlon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 10 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 11 paired pair VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 12 complementary complementary JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 13 oligonucleotides oligonucleotide NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 14 into into IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 15 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 16 H h NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 17 / / SYM cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 18 ndlll ndlll NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 19 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 20 BamH\ BamH\ NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 21 site site NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 22 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 23 pBWHOO pbwhoo NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 24 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 25 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 26 described describe VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 27 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 28 Galiant Galiant NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 29 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 30 Lindsiey Lindsiey NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 32 1992 1992 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 83 34 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 84 1 Figure figure NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 84 2 1 1 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 84 3 shows show VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 84 4 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 84 5 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 84 6 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 84 7 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 84 8 translated translate VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 84 9 strand strand NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 84 10 from from IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 84 11 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 84 12 region region NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 84 13 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 84 14 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-010499-yefxrj30 84 15 constructs construct NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 84 16 that that WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 84 17 reproduces reproduce VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 84 18 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 84 19 gag gag NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 84 20 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 84 21 pol pol NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 84 22 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 84 23 signal signal NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 84 24 from from IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 84 25 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 84 26 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 2 /acZ /acZ NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 3 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 4 alieles aliele NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 5 carried carry VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 6 on on IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 7 plasmids plasmid NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 8 pi^iV13 pi^iV13 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 9 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 10 pHIV201 pHIV201 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 11 are be VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 12 constructed construct VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 13 so so IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 14 that that IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 15 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 16 shift shift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 17 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 18 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 19 left left NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 20 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 21 one one CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 22 base base NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 23 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 24 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 25 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 26 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 27 expression expression NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 28 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 29 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 30 gag gag NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 31 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 32 po po NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 33 / / SYM cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 34 fusion fusion NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 35 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 36 HIV HIV NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 37 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 38 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 39 required require VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 40 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 41 generate generate VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 42 active active JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 43 enzyme enzyme NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 85 44 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 2 two two CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 3 constructs construct NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 4 both both DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 5 carry carry VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 6 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 7 short short JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 8 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 9 identical identical JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 10 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 11 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 12 region region NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 13 around around IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 14 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 15 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 16 site site NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 17 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 18 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 19 gag gag NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 20 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 21 po po NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 22 / / SYM cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 23 overlap overlap NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 24 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 25 HiV-1 HiV-1 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 26 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 27 15 15 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 28 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 29 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 30 pHIV13 pHIV13 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 31 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 32 17 17 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 33 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 34 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 86 35 pHIV201 pHIV201 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 87 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 87 2 see see VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 87 3 Fig Fig NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 87 4 . . NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 87 5 1 1 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 87 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 87 7 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 87 8 they -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 87 9 differ differ VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 87 10 slightly slightly RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 87 11 from from IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 87 12 one one CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 87 13 another another DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 87 14 severai severai NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 87 15 bases basis NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 87 16 downstream downstream RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 87 17 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 87 18 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 87 19 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 87 20 site site NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 87 21 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 88 1 Host host NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 88 2 ceils ceil NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 88 3 carrying carry VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 88 4 either either DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 88 5 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 88 6 these these DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 88 7 piasmids piasmid NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 88 8 produce produce VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 88 9 active active JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 88 10 enzyme enzyme NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 88 11 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 88 12 about about RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 88 13 1 1 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 88 14 % % NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 88 15 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 88 16 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 88 17 efficiency efficiency NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 88 18 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 88 19 cells cell NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 88 20 carrying carry VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 89 1 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 89 2 control control NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 89 3 lacZ lacZ NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 89 4 * * NFP cord-010499-yefxrj30 89 5 plasmid plasmid NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 89 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 89 7 Table Table NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 89 8 1 1 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 89 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 89 10 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 90 1 This this DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 90 2 basal basal NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 90 3 value value NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 90 4 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 90 5 close close JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 90 6 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 90 7 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 90 8 value value NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 90 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 90 10 1.8 1.8 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 90 11 % % NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 90 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 90 13 observed observe VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 90 14 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 90 15 Weiss Weiss NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 90 16 et et NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 90 17 al al NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 90 18 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 91 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 91 2 1989 1989 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 91 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 91 4 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 91 5 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 91 6 on on IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 91 7 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 91 8 much much RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 91 9 longer long JJR cord-010499-yefxrj30 91 10 HIV HIV NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 91 11 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 91 12 derived derive VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 91 13 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 91 14 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 91 15 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 91 16 similar similar JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 91 17 p p NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 91 18 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 91 19 galactosidase galactosidase NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 91 20 reporter reporter NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 91 21 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 92 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 92 2 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 92 3 also also RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 92 4 much much RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 92 5 higher high JJR cord-010499-yefxrj30 92 6 than than IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 92 7 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 92 8 frequency frequency NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 92 9 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 92 10 leftward leftward JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 92 11 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 92 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 92 13 0.03 0.03 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 92 14 - - SYM cord-010499-yefxrj30 92 15 0.2 0.2 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 92 16 % % NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 92 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 93 1 we -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 93 2 observed observe VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 93 3 previously previously RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 93 4 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 93 5 sequences sequence NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 93 6 unrelated unrelated JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 93 7 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 93 8 HIV HIV NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 93 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 93 10 Gailant Gailant NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 93 11 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 93 12 Lindsiey Lindsiey NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 93 13 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 93 14 1992 1992 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 93 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 93 16 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 94 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 94 2 presence presence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 94 3 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 94 4 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 94 5 HIV HIV NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 94 6 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 94 7 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 94 8 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-010499-yefxrj30 94 9 reporter reporter NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 94 10 thus thus RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 94 11 leads lead VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 94 12 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 94 13 an an DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 94 14 unusually unusually RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 94 15 high high JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 94 16 frequency frequency NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 94 17 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 94 18 leftward leftward JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 94 19 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 94 20 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 1 Modification modification NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 2 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 3 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 4 critical critical JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 5 heptanucieotide heptanucieotide NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 6 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 7 from from IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 8 U U NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 9 UUU UUU NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 10 UUA UUA NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 11 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 12 U U NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 13 UAU UAU NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 14 UUA UUA NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 15 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 16 plasmid plasmid NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 17 pHIV13-A3 pHIV13-A3 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 18 decreased decrease VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 19 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 20 about about IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 21 fivefold fivefold NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 22 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 23 while while IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 24 modification modification NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 25 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 26 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 27 heptanucleotide heptanucleotide NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 28 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 29 U U NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 30 UUU UUU NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 31 UUU UUU NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 32 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 33 pHIV201-U7 pHIV201-U7 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 34 increased increase VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 35 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 36 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 37 two two CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 38 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 39 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 40 threefold threefold VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 41 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 42 Tabie Tabie NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 43 1 1 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 95 45 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 96 1 These these DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 96 2 genetic genetic JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 96 3 resuits resuit NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 96 4 are be VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 96 5 analagous analagous JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 96 6 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 96 7 earlier early JJR cord-010499-yefxrj30 96 8 findings finding NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 96 9 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 96 10 other other JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 96 11 reporter reporter NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 96 12 systems system NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 97 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 97 2 Jaci Jaci NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 97 3 < < XX cord-010499-yefxrj30 97 4 s s NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 97 5 et et FW cord-010499-yefxrj30 97 6 ai ai NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 97 7 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 98 1 1988b 1988b CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 99 1 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 99 2 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 99 3 et et NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 99 4 ai ai NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 99 5 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 100 1 1988 1988 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 100 2 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 100 3 Weiss Weiss NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 100 4 et et NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 100 5 ai ai NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 100 6 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 100 7 1989 1989 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 100 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 100 9 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 100 10 suggest suggest VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 100 11 that that IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 100 12 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 100 13 heptanucleotide heptanucleotide NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 100 14 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 100 15 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 100 16 predominant predominant JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 100 17 site site NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 100 18 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 100 19 leftward leftward JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 100 20 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 100 21 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 100 22 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-010499-yefxrj30 100 23 reporter reporter NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 100 24 system system NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 100 25 as as RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 100 26 well well RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 100 27 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 101 1 Chemical chemical JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 101 2 evidence evidence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 101 3 that that IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 101 4 this this DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 101 5 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 101 6 indeed indeed RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 101 7 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 101 8 case case NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 101 9 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 101 10 obtained obtain VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 101 11 from from IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 101 12 protein protein NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 101 13 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 101 14 analysis analysis NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 101 15 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 102 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 102 2 protein protein NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 102 3 encoded encode VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 102 4 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 102 5 pHIV201 pHIV201 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 102 6 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 102 7 purified purify VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 102 8 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 102 9 subjected subject VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 102 10 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 102 11 automated automate VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 102 12 Edman Edman NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 102 13 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 102 14 analysis analysis NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 102 15 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 102 16 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 102 17 previously previously RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 102 18 described describe VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 102 19 Peter Peter NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 102 20 et et NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 102 21 al al NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 102 22 . . NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 102 23 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 102 24 1992 1992 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 102 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 102 26 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 103 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 103 2 results result NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 103 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 103 4 Fig fig NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 103 5 . . NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 103 6 2 2 LS cord-010499-yefxrj30 103 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 103 8 are be VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 103 9 readily readily RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 103 10 interpreted interpret VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 103 11 with with IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 103 12 reference reference NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 103 13 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 103 14 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 103 15 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 103 16 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 103 17 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 103 18 coding code VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 103 19 potential potential JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 103 20 shown show VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 103 21 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 103 22 Fig Fig NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 103 23 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 104 1 1 1 LS cord-010499-yefxrj30 104 2 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 1 For for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 2 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 3 first first JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 4 10 10 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 5 cycles cycle NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 6 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 7 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 8 amino amino NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 9 acid acid NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 10 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 11 corresponds correspond VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 12 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 13 normal normal JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 14 transiation transiation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 15 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 16 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 18 0 0 NFP cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 20 reading reading NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 21 frame frame NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 22 : : : cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 23 T T NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 24 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 25 M M NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 26 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 27 i i NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 28 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 29 T T NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 30 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 31 P P NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 32 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 33 S S NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 34 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 35 S S NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 36 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 37 N N NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 38 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 39 F F NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 40 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 105 41 L. L. NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 106 1 After after IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 106 2 this this DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 106 3 position position NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 106 4 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 106 5 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 106 6 signal signal NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 106 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 106 8 R r NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 106 9 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 106 10 E e NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 106 11 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 106 12 G g NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 106 13 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 106 14 l l NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 106 15 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 106 16 P P NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 106 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 106 18 clearly clearly RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 106 19 corresponds correspond VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 106 20 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 106 21 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 106 22 leftward leftward JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 106 23 reading reading NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 106 24 frame frame NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 106 25 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 107 1 Thus thus RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 107 2 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 107 3 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 107 4 leftward leftward JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 107 5 shift shift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 107 6 occurred occur VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 107 7 after after IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 107 8 incorporation incorporation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 107 9 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 107 10 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 107 11 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 107 12 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 107 13 position position NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 107 14 10 10 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 107 15 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 107 16 exactly exactly RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 107 17 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 107 18 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 107 19 cfiaracteristic cfiaracteristic NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 107 20 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 107 21 HIV HIV NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 107 22 translation translation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 107 23 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 107 24 eukaryotic eukaryotic JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 107 25 systems system NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 108 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 108 2 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 108 3 et et NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 108 4 ai ai NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 108 5 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 108 6 1988b 1988b CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 108 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 108 8 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 109 1 Similar similar JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 109 2 resuits resuit NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 109 3 were be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 109 4 obtained obtain VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 109 5 with with IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 109 6 plasmid plasmid NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 109 7 pHiV13 pHiV13 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 109 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 109 9 data datum NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 109 10 not not RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 109 11 shown show VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 109 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 109 13 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 110 1 Thus thus RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 110 2 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 110 3 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-010499-yefxrj30 110 4 short short JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 110 5 cloned clone VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 110 6 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 110 7 reproduces reproduce VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 110 8 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 110 9 specificity specificity NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 110 10 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 110 11 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 110 12 HIV HIV NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 110 13 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 110 14 signal signal NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 110 15 when when WRB cord-010499-yefxrj30 110 16 translated translate VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 110 17 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 110 18 E. E. NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 110 19 coli coli NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 110 20 ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 110 21 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 111 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 111 2 asked ask VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 111 3 whether whether IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 111 4 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 111 5 HIV HIV NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 111 6 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 111 7 's 's POS cord-010499-yefxrj30 111 8 rather rather RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 111 9 high high JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 111 10 level level NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 111 11 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 111 12 shiftiness shiftiness NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 111 13 could could MD cord-010499-yefxrj30 111 14 be be VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 111 15 modulated modulate VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 111 16 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 111 17 stalling stall VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 111 18 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 111 19 ribosome ribosome NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 111 20 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 111 21 hungry hungry JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 111 22 codons codon NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 111 23 within within IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 111 24 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 111 25 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 111 26 region region NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 111 27 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 1 Phe Phe NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 2 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 3 ieu ieu NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 4 are be VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 5 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 6 last last JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 7 two two CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 8 amino amino NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 9 acids acid NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 10 encoded encode VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 11 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 12 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 13 initial initial JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 14 reading reading NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 15 frame frame NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 16 before before IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 17 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 18 shift shift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 19 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 20 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 21 Arg arg NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 22 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 23 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 24 first first RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 25 encoded encode VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 26 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 27 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 28 new new JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 29 reading reading NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 30 frame frame NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 31 after after IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 32 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 33 shift shift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 112 34 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 113 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 113 2 imposed impose VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 113 3 iimitation iimitation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 113 4 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 113 5 phe phe NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 113 6 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 113 7 tHNA thna JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 113 8 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 113 9 inhibiting inhibit VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 113 10 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 113 11 synthetase synthetase NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 113 12 with with IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 113 13 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 113 14 analogue analogue JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 113 15 phenylaianine phenylaianine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 113 16 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 113 17 hydroxamate hydroxamate NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 113 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 113 19 PHX PHX NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 113 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 113 21 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 1 Graded grade VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 2 limitations limitation NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 3 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 4 arginine arginine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 5 or or CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 6 ieucine ieucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 7 were be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 8 imposed impose VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 9 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 10 growing grow VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 11 auxotrophic auxotrophic JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 12 host host NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 13 cells cell NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 14 on on IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 15 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 16 range range NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 17 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 18 concentrations concentration NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 19 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 20 slowiy slowiy JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 21 utiiized utiiized JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 22 methyl methyl NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 23 esters ester NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 24 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 25 these these DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 26 amino amino NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 27 acids acid NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 29 Buston Buston NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 30 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 31 Bishop Bishop NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 32 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 33 1955 1955 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 114 35 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 115 1 Tables table NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 115 2 2 2 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 115 3 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 115 4 3 3 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 115 5 present present VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 115 6 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 115 7 results result NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 115 8 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 115 9 ali ali NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 115 10 these these DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 115 11 limitation limitation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 115 12 regimens regimen NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 115 13 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 1 Considering consider VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 2 first first JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 3 Arg arg NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 4 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 5 Phe Phe NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 7 Table Table NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 8 2 2 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 10 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 11 we -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 12 observe observe VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 13 that that IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 14 both both DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 15 limitations limitation NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 16 substantiaily substantiaily RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 17 reduced reduce VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 18 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 19 differential differential JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 20 rate rate NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 21 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 22 enzyme enzyme NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 23 synthesis synthesis NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 24 expressed express VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 25 from from IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 26 both both CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 27 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 28 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 29 construct construct NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 30 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 31 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 116 32 lacZ lacZ NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 117 1 * * NFP cord-010499-yefxrj30 117 2 control control NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 117 3 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 2 reduction reduction NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 3 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 4 about about IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 5 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 6 same same JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 7 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 8 both both DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 9 genotypes genotype NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 10 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 11 indicating indicate VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 12 that that IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 13 neither neither CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 14 arginine arginine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 15 limitation limitation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 16 nor nor CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 17 phe phe NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 18 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 19 tRNA trna JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 20 limitation limitation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 21 had have VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 22 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 23 specific specific JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 24 effect effect NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 25 on on IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 26 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 27 frequency frequency NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 28 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 29 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 30 within within IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 31 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 32 HIV HIV NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 33 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 118 34 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 1 In in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 2 order order NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 3 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 4 ensure ensure VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 5 leucine leucine JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 6 sufficiency sufficiency NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 7 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 8 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 9 host host NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 10 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 11 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 12 ieucine ieucine JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 13 prototroph prototroph NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 14 isogenic isogenic JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 15 with with IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 16 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 17 normal normal JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 18 host host NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 19 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 20 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 21 it -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 22 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 23 grown grow VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 24 nevertheless nevertheless RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 25 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 26 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 27 presence presence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 28 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 29 100 100 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 30 jig jig NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 31 ml ml NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 32 " " '' cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 33 ^ ^ . cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 34 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 119 35 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 120 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 120 2 /ac /ac CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 120 3 promoter promoter NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 120 4 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 120 5 induced induce VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 120 6 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 120 7 one one CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 120 8 doubling double VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 120 9 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 120 10 two two CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 120 11 litres litre NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 120 12 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 120 13 cells cell NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 120 14 were be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 120 15 harvested harvest VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 120 16 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 121 1 Beta beta JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 121 2 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 121 3 galactosidase galactosidase NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 121 4 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 121 5 isolated isolate VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 121 6 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 121 7 described describe VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 121 8 previously previously RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 121 9 Peter Peter NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 121 10 ef ef NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 121 11 ai ai NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 121 12 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 121 13 1992 1992 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 121 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 121 15 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 121 16 subjected subject VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 121 17 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 121 18 automated automate VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 121 19 Edman Edman NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 121 20 sequencing sequencing NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 121 21 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 122 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 122 2 raw raw JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 122 3 data datum NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 122 4 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 122 5 picomole picomole NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 122 6 amounts amount NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 122 7 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 122 8 PTH PTH NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 122 9 amino amino NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 122 10 acids acid NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 122 11 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 122 12 each each DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 122 13 cycle cycle NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 122 14 were be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 122 15 corrected correct VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 122 16 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 122 17 background background NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 122 18 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 122 19 lag lag VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 122 20 using use VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 122 21 Applied Applied NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 122 22 Biosystems Biosystems NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 122 23 software software NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 122 24 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 122 25 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 122 26 described describe VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 122 27 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 123 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 123 2 figure figure NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 123 3 presents present VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 123 4 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 123 5 sum sum NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 123 6 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 123 7 three three CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 123 8 independent independent JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 123 9 sequencing sequencing NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 123 10 runs run NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 123 11 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 123 12 one one CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 123 13 performed perform VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 123 14 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 123 15 Illinois Illinois NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 123 16 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 123 17 two two CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 123 18 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 123 19 Riverside Riverside NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 123 20 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 124 1 In in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 124 2 every every DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 124 3 cyle cyle NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 124 4 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 124 5 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 124 6 most most RBS cord-010499-yefxrj30 124 7 abundant abundant JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 124 8 PTHamino pthamino NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 124 9 acid acid NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 124 10 released release VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 124 11 predominates predominate VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 124 12 over over IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 124 13 others other NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 124 14 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 124 15 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 124 16 least least JJS cord-010499-yefxrj30 124 17 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 124 18 factor factor NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 124 19 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 124 20 two two CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 124 21 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 124 22 affording afford VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 124 23 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 124 24 clear clear JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 124 25 signal signal NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 124 26 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 124 27 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 124 28 primary primary JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 124 29 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 124 30 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 125 1 Secondary secondary JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 125 2 signals signal NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 125 3 reflect reflect VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 125 4 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 125 5 variety variety NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 125 6 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 125 7 artefacts artefact NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 125 8 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 1 One one CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 2 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 3 minor minor JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 4 peaks peak NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 5 which which WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 6 anticipate anticipate VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 7 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 8 next next JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 9 cycle cycle NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 11 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 12 example example NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 13 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 14 F F NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 15 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 16 cycle cycle NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 17 8 8 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 18 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 19 R r NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 20 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 21 cycle cycle NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 22 10 10 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 23 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 24 E E NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 25 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 26 cycle cycle NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 27 11 11 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 28 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 29 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 30 G g NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 31 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 32 cycle cycle NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 33 12 12 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 34 } } -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 35 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 36 presumably presumably RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 37 owing owe VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 38 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 39 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 40 minority minority NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 41 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 42 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 43 protein protein NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 44 that that WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 45 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 46 one one CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 47 amino amino NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 48 acid acid NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 49 shorter shorter RBR cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 50 on on IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 51 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 52 /V /v NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 53 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 54 terminus terminus NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 55 than than IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 56 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 57 bulk bulk NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 58 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 59 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 60 material material NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 126 61 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 127 1 Exponential exponential JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 127 2 cells cell NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 127 3 carrying carry VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 127 4 plasmid plasmid NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 127 5 pHIV201 pHIV201 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 127 6 or or CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 127 7 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 127 8 control control NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 127 9 lacZ lacz XX cord-010499-yefxrj30 127 10 ' ' POS cord-010499-yefxrj30 127 11 plasmid plasmid NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 127 12 pBWIlOO pBWIlOO NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 127 13 were be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 127 14 subjected subject VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 127 15 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 127 16 limilation limilation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 127 17 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 127 18 phenylalanyt phenylalanyt NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 127 19 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 127 20 WNA wna NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 127 21 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 127 22 addition addition NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 127 23 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 127 24 phenylalanine phenylalanine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 127 25 - - : cord-010499-yefxrj30 127 26 i^ydTOxamate i^ydtoxamate NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 127 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 127 28 PHX PHX NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 127 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 1 al al NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 2 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 3 indicated indicate VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 4 concentrations concentration NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 5 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 6 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 7 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 8 arginine arginine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 9 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 10 centrifuging centrifuge VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 11 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 12 washing wash VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 13 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 14 cells cell NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 15 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 16 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 17 resuspending resuspend VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 18 them -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 19 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 20 growth growth NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 21 medium medium NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 22 containing contain VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 23 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 24 indicated indicate VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 25 concentrations concentration NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 26 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 27 arginine arginine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 28 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 29 methyl methyl NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 30 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 31 ester ester NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 33 AME AME NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 35 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 36 with with IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 37 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 38 control control NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 39 culture culture NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 40 containing contain VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 41 arginine arginine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 42 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 43 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 44 standard standard JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 45 concentration concentration NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 46 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 47 100 100 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 48 Jig Jig NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 49 ml ml NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 128 50 V v NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 129 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 129 2 /ac /ac CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 129 3 promoter promoter NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 129 4 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 129 5 induced induce VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 129 6 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 129 7 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 129 8 Table Table NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 129 9 1 1 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 129 10 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 129 11 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 129 12 cells cell NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 129 13 harvested harvest VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 129 14 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 129 15 assay assay NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 129 16 after after IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 129 17 about about RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 129 18 one one CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 129 19 doubling doubling NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 129 20 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 130 1 Cultures culture NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 130 2 are be VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 130 3 listed list VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 130 4 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 130 5 order order NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 130 6 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 130 7 decreasing decrease VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 130 8 growth growth NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 130 9 rate rate NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 130 10 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 1 Growth growth NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 2 rate rate NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 3 varies vary VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 4 directly directly RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 5 with with IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 6 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 7 concentration concentration NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 8 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 9 AME AME NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 10 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 11 which which WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 12 serves serve VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 13 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 14 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 15 source source NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 16 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 17 required require VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 18 arginine arginine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 19 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 20 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 21 inversely inversely RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 22 with with IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 23 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 24 concentration concentration NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 25 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 26 PHX PHX NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 27 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 28 which which WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 29 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 30 phenylaianine phenylaianine JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 31 activation activation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 131 32 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 1 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 2 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 3 case case NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 4 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 5 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 6 limitation limitation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 7 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 8 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 9 different different JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 10 outcome outcome NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 11 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 12 suggested suggest VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 13 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 14 preliminary preliminary JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 15 screening screening NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 16 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 17 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 18 crude crude NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 19 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 20 qualitative qualitative JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 21 Petri Petri NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 22 plate plate NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 23 assay assay NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 25 Kuriand Kuriand NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 26 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 27 Gallant Gallant NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 28 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 29 1986 1986 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 132 31 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 133 1 Quantitative quantitative JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 133 2 data datum NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 133 3 on on IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 133 4 log log NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 133 5 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 133 6 phase phase NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 133 7 cells cell NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 133 8 are be VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 133 9 shown show VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 133 10 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 133 11 Table Table NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 133 12 3 3 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 133 13 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 1 In in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 2 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 3 lacZ*ĉ lacZ*ĉ NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 4 ontroi ontroi NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 5 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 6 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 7 limitation limitation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 8 progressiveiy progressiveiy NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 9 restricted restricted JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 10 enzyme enzyme NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 11 synthesis synthesis NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 12 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 13 reducing reduce VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 14 it -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 15 very very RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 16 severeiy severeiy NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 17 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 18 iow iow NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 19 growth growth NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 20 rates rate NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 21 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 22 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 23 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 24 HIV HIV NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 25 construct construct VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 26 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 27 on on IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 28 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 29 other other JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 30 hand hand NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 31 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 32 there there EX cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 33 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 34 no no DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 35 such such JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 36 restriction restriction NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 37 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 38 but but CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 39 ratlner ratlner NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 40 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 41 smali smali NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 42 stimuiation stimuiation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 43 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 44 enzyme enzyme NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 45 synthesis synthesis NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 134 46 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 135 1 if if IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 135 2 this this DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 135 3 effect effect NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 135 4 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 135 5 caused cause VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 135 6 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 135 7 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 135 8 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 135 9 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 135 10 ieucine ieucine NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 135 11 codon codon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 135 12 within within IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 135 13 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 135 14 HIV HIV NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 135 15 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 135 16 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 135 17 then then RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 135 18 it -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 135 19 should should MD cord-010499-yefxrj30 135 20 be be VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 135 21 eliminated eliminate VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 135 22 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 135 23 eliminating eliminate VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 135 24 that that IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 135 25 ieucine ieucine NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 135 26 codon codon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 135 27 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 1 As as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 2 an an DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 3 additional additional JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 4 control control NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 5 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 6 therefore therefore RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 7 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 8 we -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 9 tested test VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 10 201-U7 201-u7 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 11 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 12 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 13 construct construct NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 14 that that WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 15 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 16 identicai identicai NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 17 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 18 201 201 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 19 except except IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 20 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 21 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 22 conversion conversion NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 23 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 24 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 25 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 26 UUA UUA NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 27 codon codon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 28 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 29 UUU UUU NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 31 see see VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 32 Fig Fig NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 33 . . NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 34 1 1 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 136 36 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 1 In in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 2 this this DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 3 construct construct NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 4 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 5 ieucine ieucine JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 6 limitation limitation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 7 did do VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 8 not not RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 9 stimulate stimulate VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 10 enzyme enzyme NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 11 synthesis synthesis NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 12 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 13 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 14 201 201 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 15 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 16 but but CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 17 ratfier ratfier NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 18 reduced reduce VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 19 it -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 20 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 21 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 22 it -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 23 did do VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 24 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 25 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 26 wiid wiid NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 27 type type NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 29 Table Table NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 30 4 4 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 137 32 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 2 reduction reduction NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 3 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 4 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 5 good good JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 6 deal deal NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 7 less less JJR cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 8 than than IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 9 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 10 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 11 wiid wiid NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 12 type type NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 13 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 14 suggesting suggest VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 15 that that IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 16 some some DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 17 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 18 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 19 various various JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 20 positions position NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 21 still still RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 22 occurs occur VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 23 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 24 201-U7 201-u7 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 25 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 26 so so IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 27 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 28 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 29 offset offset VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 30 partly partly RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 31 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 32 effect effect NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 33 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 34 reduced reduce VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 35 lacZ lacZ NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 36 expression expression NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 138 37 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 1 However however RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 2 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 3 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 4 difference difference NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 5 between between IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 6 tine tine JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 7 response response NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 8 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 9 201 201 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 10 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 11 that that DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 12 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 13 201-U7 201-u7 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 14 demonstrates demonstrate VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 15 that that IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 16 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 17 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 18 codon codon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 19 eliminated eliminate VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 20 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 21 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 22 latter latter NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 23 must must MD cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 24 be be VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 25 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 26 major major JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 27 determinant determinant NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 28 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 29 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 30 induced induce VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 31 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 32 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 33 limitation limitation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 139 34 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 140 1 Decisive decisive JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 140 2 identification identification NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 140 3 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 140 4 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 140 5 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 140 6 site site NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 140 7 during during IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 140 8 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 140 9 iimitation iimitation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 140 10 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 140 11 obtained obtain VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 140 12 from from IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 140 13 protein protein NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 140 14 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 140 15 anaiysis anaiysis NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 140 16 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 140 17 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 140 18 described describe VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 140 19 earlier early RBR cord-010499-yefxrj30 140 20 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 141 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 141 2 resuits resuit NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 141 3 are be VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 141 4 shown show VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 141 5 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 141 6 Table Table NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 141 7 3 3 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 141 8 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 142 1 Relative relative JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 142 2 growth growth NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 142 3 rates rate NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 142 4 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 142 5 differential differential JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 142 6 rates rate NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 142 7 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 142 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 142 9 3-galactosidase 3-galactosidase CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 142 10 synthesis synthesis NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 142 11 during during IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 142 12 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 142 13 limitation limitation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 142 14 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 143 1 Exponential exponential JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 143 2 cells cell NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 143 3 carrying carry VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 143 4 plasmid plasmid NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 143 5 pHIV201 pHIV201 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 143 6 were be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 143 7 spun spin VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 143 8 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 143 9 washed wash VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 143 10 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 143 11 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 143 12 resuspended resuspend VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 143 13 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 143 14 medium medium NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 143 15 supplemented supplement VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 143 16 with with IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 143 17 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 143 18 indicated indicate VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 143 19 concentrations concentration NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 143 20 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 143 21 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 143 22 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 143 23 methyl methyl NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 143 24 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 143 25 ester ester NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 143 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 143 27 LME LME NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 143 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 143 29 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 144 1 These these DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 144 2 were be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 144 3 grown grow VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 144 4 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 144 5 parallel parallel NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 144 6 with with IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 144 7 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 144 8 control control NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 144 9 aliquot aliquot NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 144 10 retumed retume VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 144 11 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 144 12 growth growth NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 144 13 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 144 14 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 144 15 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 144 16 lOOtigml lOOtigml NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 144 17 ' ' '' cord-010499-yefxrj30 144 18 ' ' '' cord-010499-yefxrj30 144 19 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 145 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 145 2 entries entry NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 145 3 show show VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 145 4 growth growth NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 145 5 rates rate NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 145 6 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 145 7 differential differential JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 145 8 rates rate NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 145 9 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 145 10 enzyme enzyme NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 145 11 synthesis synthesis NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 145 12 relative relative JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 145 13 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 145 14 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 145 15 control control NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 145 16 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 145 17 culture culture NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 145 18 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 145 19 expressed express VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 145 20 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 145 21 mean mean JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 145 22 values value NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 146 1 i^ i^ NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 146 2 standard standard JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 146 3 error error NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 146 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 146 5 number number NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 146 6 replicate replicate VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 146 7 experiments experiment NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 146 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 146 9 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 147 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 147 2 mean mean JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 147 3 control control NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 147 4 differential differential NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 147 5 rates rate NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 147 6 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 147 7 these these DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 147 8 experiments experiment NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 147 9 were be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 147 10 2.3 2.3 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 147 11 ± ± CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 147 12 0.16 0.16 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 147 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 147 14 6 6 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 147 15 } } -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 147 16 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 147 17 pHIV201 pHIV201 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 147 18 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 147 19 191 191 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 147 20 ± ± CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 147 21 44 44 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 147 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 147 23 4 4 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 147 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 147 25 forpBWIIOO forpBWIIOO NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 147 26 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 148 1 Fig Fig NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 148 2 . . NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 148 3 2 2 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 148 4 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 148 5 Fig Fig NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 148 6 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 149 1 3 3 LS cord-010499-yefxrj30 149 2 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 1 In in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 2 order order NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 3 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 4 normalize normalize VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 5 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 6 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 7 same same JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 8 number number NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 9 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 10 picamoles picamole NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 11 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 12 all all PDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 13 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 14 values value NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 15 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 16 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 17 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 18 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 19 starved starve VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 20 protein protein NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 21 were be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 22 multiplied multiply VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 23 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 24 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 25 ratio ratio NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 27 unstarved/ unstarved/ CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 28 starved starve VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 30 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 31 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 32 sums sum NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 33 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 34 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 35 predominant predominant JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 36 peaks peak NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 38 N N NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 39 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 40 cycle cycle NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 41 8 8 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 42 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 43 F F NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 44 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 45 9 9 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 46 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 47 R r NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 48 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 49 11 11 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 50 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 51 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 52 E e NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 53 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 54 12 12 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 55 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 150 56 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 151 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 151 2 ratios ratio NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 151 3 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 151 4 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 151 5 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 151 6 phenylaianine phenylaianine VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 151 7 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 151 8 cycle cycle NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 151 9 10 10 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 151 10 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 151 11 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 151 12 two two CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 151 13 sets set NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 151 14 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 151 15 data datum NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 151 16 were be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 151 17 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 151 18 follows follow VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 151 19 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 152 1 For for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 152 2 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 152 3 unstarved unstarved JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 152 4 case case NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 152 5 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 152 6 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 152 7 ratios ratio NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 152 8 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 152 9 three three CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 152 10 runs run NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 152 11 were be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 152 12 2.55 2.55 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 152 13 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 152 14 1.9 1.9 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 152 15 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 152 16 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 152 17 3.5 3.5 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 152 18 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 152 19 yielding yield VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 152 20 an an DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 152 21 average average NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 152 22 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 152 23 2,65 2,65 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 152 24 with with IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 152 25 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 152 26 standard standard JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 152 27 error error NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 152 28 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 152 29 0.46 0.46 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 152 30 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 1 For for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 2 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 3 ieucine ieucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 4 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 5 starved starve VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 6 case case NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 7 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 8 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 9 ratios ratio NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 10 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 11 four four CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 12 runs run NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 13 were be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 14 0.52 0.52 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 15 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 16 0.58 0.58 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 17 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 18 0.68 0.68 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 19 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 20 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 21 0.51 0.51 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 22 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 23 yielding yield VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 24 an an DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 25 average average NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 26 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 27 0.57 0.57 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 28 with with IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 29 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 30 standard standard JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 31 error error NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 32 ot ot IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 33 0.039 0.039 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 153 34 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 154 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 154 2 difference difference NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 154 3 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 154 4 highly highly RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 154 5 significant significant JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 155 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 155 2 P p NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 155 3 less less JJR cord-010499-yefxrj30 155 4 than than IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 155 5 0.005 0.005 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 155 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 155 7 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 155 8 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 155 9 la la NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 155 10 test test NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 156 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 156 2 Crow Crow NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 156 3 et et FW cord-010499-yefxrj30 156 4 ai ai NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 156 5 .. .. CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 156 6 1969 1969 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 156 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 156 8 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 2 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 3 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 4 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 5 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 6 region region NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 7 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 8 interest interest NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 9 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 10 shown show VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 11 below below IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 12 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 13 cycle cycle NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 14 bar bar NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 15 plot plot NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 16 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 17 with with IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 18 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 19 expected expect VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 20 amino amino JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 21 acids acid NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 22 read read VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 23 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 24 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 25 initial initial NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 27 0 0 NFP cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 29 reading reading NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 30 frame frame NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 31 shown show VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 32 above above IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 33 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 34 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 35 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 36 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 37 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 38 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 39 expected expect VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 40 amino amino JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 41 acids acid NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 42 read read VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 43 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 44 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 45 leftward leftward JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 46 reading reading NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 47 frame frame NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 48 shown show VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 49 below below RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 157 50 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 158 1 Solid solid JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 158 2 bars bar NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 158 3 = = NFP cord-010499-yefxrj30 159 1 HIV-201 hiv-201 DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 159 2 unstarved unstarved JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 159 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 159 4 + + CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 159 5 Leu Leu NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 159 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 159 7 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 159 8 open open JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 159 9 bars bar NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 159 10 = = NFP cord-010499-yefxrj30 160 1 HIV--201 HIV--201 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 160 2 stan stan NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 160 3 / / SYM cord-010499-yefxrj30 160 4 ed ed NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 160 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 160 6 + + CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 160 7 LME LME NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 160 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 160 9 normalized normalize VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 160 10 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 160 11 unstarved unstarved JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 160 12 values value NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 160 13 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 161 1 Fig Fig NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 161 2 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 162 1 3 3 LS cord-010499-yefxrj30 162 2 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 163 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 163 2 protein protein NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 163 3 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 163 4 Is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 163 5 very very RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 163 6 similar similar JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 163 7 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 163 8 that that DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 163 9 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 163 10 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 163 11 protein protein NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 163 12 from from IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 163 13 unstarved unstarved JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 163 14 cells cell NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 163 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 163 16 Fig Fig NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 163 17 . . NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 163 18 2 2 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 163 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 163 20 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 163 21 with with IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 163 22 one one CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 163 23 significant significant JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 163 24 exception exception NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 163 25 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 1 For for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 2 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 3 first first JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 4 nine nine CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 5 cycles cycle NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 6 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 7 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 8 initial initial JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 9 T T NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 10 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 11 M M NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 12 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 13 i i NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 14 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 15 T T NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 16 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 17 P P NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 18 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 19 S S NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 20 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 21 S S NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 22 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 23 N N NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 24 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 25 F F NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 26 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 27 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 28 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 29 noimal noimal JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 31 0 0 NFP cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 33 reading reading NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 34 frame frame NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 35 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 36 clear clear JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 37 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 38 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 39 It -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 40 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 41 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 42 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 43 protein protein NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 44 from from IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 45 unstarved unstarved NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 46 ceils ceils NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 164 47 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 165 1 From from IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 165 2 cycle cycle NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 165 3 11 11 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 165 4 onwards onwards RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 165 5 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 165 6 signature signature NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 165 7 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 165 8 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 165 9 leftward leftward JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 165 10 reading reading NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 165 11 frame frame NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 165 12 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 165 13 R r NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 165 14 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 165 15 E e NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 165 16 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 165 17 G g NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 165 18 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 165 19 i i NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 165 20 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 165 21 P p NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 165 22 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 165 23 G G NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 165 24 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 165 25 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 165 26 equaily equaily RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 165 27 clear clear JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 165 28 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 166 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 166 2 one one CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 166 3 difference difference NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 166 4 between between IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 166 5 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 166 6 starved starved JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 166 7 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 166 8 unstarved unstarved JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 166 9 proteins protein NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 166 10 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 166 11 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 166 12 cycle cycle NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 166 13 10 10 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 166 14 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 166 15 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 166 16 position position NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 166 17 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 166 18 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 166 19 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 166 20 codon codon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 166 21 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 167 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 167 2 predominant predominant JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 167 3 amino amino NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 167 4 acid acid NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 167 5 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 167 6 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 167 7 starved starved JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 167 8 protein protein NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 167 9 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 167 10 F F NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 167 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 167 12 phenyialanine phenyialanine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 167 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 167 14 rather rather RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 167 15 than than IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 167 16 L L NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 167 17 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 167 18 this this DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 167 19 position position NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 167 20 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 1 Three three CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 2 considerations consideration NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 3 argue argue VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 4 that that IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 5 carryover carryover NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 6 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 7 F F NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 8 from from IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 9 cycle cycle NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 10 9 9 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 11 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 12 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 13 preceding precede VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 14 position position NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 15 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 16 does do VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 17 not not RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 18 contribute contribute VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 19 significantly significantly RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 20 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 21 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 22 peak peak NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 23 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 24 F F NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 25 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 26 cycle cycle NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 27 10 10 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 28 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 29 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 30 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 31 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 32 starved starve VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 33 protein protein NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 168 34 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 169 1 First first RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 169 2 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 169 3 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 169 4 data datum NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 169 5 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 169 6 every every DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 169 7 cycle cycle NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 169 8 have have VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 169 9 been be VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 169 10 corrected correct VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 169 11 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 169 12 carryover carryover NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 169 13 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 169 14 means mean NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 169 15 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 169 16 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 169 17 Applied Applied NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 169 18 Biosystems Biosystems NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 169 19 lagcorrection lagcorrection NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 169 20 aigorithm aigorithm NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 169 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 169 22 Huni^apiller Huni^apiller NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 169 23 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 169 24 1986 1986 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 169 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 169 26 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 170 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 170 2 effectiveness effectiveness NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 170 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 170 4 3 3 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 170 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 170 6 Exponential exponential JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 170 7 cells cell NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 170 8 carrying carry VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 170 9 plasmid plasmid NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 170 10 pHIV201-U7 pHIV201-U7 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 170 11 were be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 170 12 treated treat VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 170 13 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 170 14 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 170 15 Table Table NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 170 16 3 3 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 170 17 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 171 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 171 2 mean mean JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 171 3 control control NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 171 4 differential differential JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 171 5 rate rate NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 171 6 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 171 7 4.7 4.7 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 171 8 ± ± CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 171 9 0.20 0.20 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 171 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 171 11 3 3 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 171 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 171 13 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 1 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 2 this this DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 3 correction correction NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 4 can can MD cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 5 be be VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 6 seen see VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 7 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 8 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 9 very very RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 10 low low JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 11 levels level NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 12 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 13 carryover carryover NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 14 throughout throughout IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 15 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 16 cycle cycle NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 17 bar bar NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 18 plots plot NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 19 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 20 Figs Figs NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 21 2 2 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 22 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 23 3 3 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 24 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 25 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 26 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 27 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 28 earlier early JJR cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 29 publications publication NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 31 Peter Peter NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 32 et et NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 33 ai ai NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 34 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 35 1992 1992 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 36 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 37 Gallant Gallant NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 38 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 39 Lindsiey Lindsiey NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 40 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 41 1992 1992 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 172 43 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 173 1 Second second JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 173 2 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 173 3 amino amino JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 173 4 acids acid NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 173 5 differ differ VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 173 6 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 173 7 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-010499-yefxrj30 173 8 susceptibility susceptibility NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 173 9 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 173 10 carryover carryover NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 173 11 from from IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 173 12 one one CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 173 13 cycle cycle NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 173 14 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 173 15 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 173 16 next next JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 174 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 174 2 proline proline NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 174 3 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 174 4 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 174 5 example example NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 174 6 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 174 7 being be VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 174 8 notoriously notoriously RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 174 9 bad bad JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 174 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 174 11 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 174 12 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 174 13 it -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 174 14 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 174 15 carryover carryover NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 174 16 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 174 17 F f NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 174 18 that that WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 174 19 we -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 174 20 need need VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 174 21 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 174 22 assess assess VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 174 23 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 174 24 considering consider VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 174 25 these these DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 174 26 data datum NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 174 27 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 175 1 In in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 175 2 fact fact NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 175 3 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 176 1 Figs fig NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 176 2 6 6 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 176 3 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 176 4 7 7 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 176 5 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 176 6 Gallant Gallant NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 176 7 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 176 8 Lindsiey Lindsiey NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 176 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 176 10 1992 1992 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 176 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 176 12 present present VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 176 13 exactly exactly RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 176 14 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 176 15 needed need VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 176 16 controi controi NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 176 17 : : : cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 1 F F NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 2 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 3 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 4 amino amino NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 5 acid acid NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 6 present present JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 7 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 8 cycle cycle NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 9 7 7 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 10 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 11 both both DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 12 sequences sequence NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 13 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 14 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 15 cycle cycle NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 16 8 8 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 17 corresponded correspond VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 18 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 19 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 20 ' ' `` cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 21 hungry hungry JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 22 ' ' '' cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 23 codon codon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 24 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 25 just just RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 26 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 27 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 28 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 29 present present JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 30 case case NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 177 31 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 1 In in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 2 those those DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 3 two two CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 4 sets set NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 5 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 6 data datum NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 7 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 8 which which WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 9 represent represent VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 10 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 11 average average NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 12 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 13 four four CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 14 independent independent JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 15 sequencing sequencing NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 16 runs run NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 17 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 18 each each DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 19 case case NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 20 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 21 carryover carryover NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 22 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 23 F F NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 24 from from IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 25 cycle cycle NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 26 7 7 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 27 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 28 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 29 next next JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 30 cycle cycle NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 31 averaged average VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 32 8.3 8.3 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 33 % % NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 35 standard standard JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 36 error error NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 37 = = SYM cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 38 2.8 2.8 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 39 % % NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 41 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 42 far far RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 43 less less JJR cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 44 than than IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 45 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 46 relative relative JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 47 ievel ievel NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 48 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 49 F F NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 50 found find VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 51 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 52 cycle cycle NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 53 10 10 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 54 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 55 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 56 present present JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 57 cycle cycle NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 58 bar bar NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 59 plots plot NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 178 60 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 1 Finally finally RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 2 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 3 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 4 starved starved JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 5 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 6 unstarved unstarved JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 7 proteins protein NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 8 are be VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 9 virtually virtually RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 10 identical identical JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 11 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 12 every every DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 13 position position NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 14 except except IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 15 cycle cycle NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 16 10 10 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 17 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 18 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 19 which which WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 20 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 21 difference difference NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 22 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 23 regard regard NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 24 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 25 phenylaianine phenylaianine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 26 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 27 leucine leucine NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 28 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 29 replicated replicate VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 30 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 31 several several JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 32 independent independent JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 33 sequencing sequencing NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 34 runs run NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 35 on on IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 36 protein protein NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 37 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 38 each each DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 39 type type NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 179 40 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 180 1 A a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 180 2 summary summary NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 180 3 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 180 4 this this DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 180 5 comparison comparison NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 180 6 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 180 7 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 180 8 starved starved JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 180 9 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 180 10 unstarved unstarved JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 180 11 proteins protein NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 180 12 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 180 13 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 180 14 around around IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 180 15 cycle cycle NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 180 16 10 10 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 180 17 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 180 18 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 180 19 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 180 20 statistics statistic NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 180 21 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 180 22 this this DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 180 23 cycle cycle NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 180 24 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 180 25 are be VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 180 26 presented present VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 180 27 In in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 180 28 Fig Fig NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 180 29 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 181 1 4 4 LS cord-010499-yefxrj30 181 2 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 182 1 Phenylaianine Phenylaianine NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 182 2 corresponds correspond VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 182 3 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 182 4 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 182 5 UUU UUU NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 182 6 triplet triplet NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 182 7 overlapping overlap VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 182 8 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 182 9 hungry hungry JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 182 10 ieucine ieucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 182 11 codon codon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 182 12 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 182 13 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 182 14 leftward leftward JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 182 15 reading reading NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 182 16 frame frame NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 182 17 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 2 conclude conclude VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 3 that that IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 4 most most JJS cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 5 ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 6 which which WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 7 produced produce VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 8 P p NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 9 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 10 galactosidase galactosidase NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 11 slipped slip VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 12 ieftward ieftward NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 13 when when WRB cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 14 stalled stall VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 15 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 16 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 17 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 18 codon codon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 19 before before IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 20 aminoacyl aminoacyl NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 21 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 22 tRNA trna NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 23 binding binding NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 24 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 25 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 26 then then RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 27 bound bind VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 28 phe phe NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 29 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 30 tRNA trna NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 31 cognate cognate NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 32 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 33 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 34 overlapping overlap VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 35 phenylaianine phenylaianine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 36 codon codon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 183 37 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 1 However however RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 2 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 3 cycle cycle VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 4 10 10 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 5 contains contain VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 6 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 7 significant significant JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 8 secondary secondary JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 9 peak peak NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 10 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 11 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 12 as as RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 13 well well RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 14 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 15 suggesting suggest VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 16 that that IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 17 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 18 minority minority NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 19 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 20 ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 21 bound bind VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 22 leucyl leucyl NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 23 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 24 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 25 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 26 then then RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 27 shifted shift VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 28 left leave VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 29 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 30 just just RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 31 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 32 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 33 unstarved unstarved JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 34 cells cell NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 184 35 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 185 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-010499-yefxrj30 185 2 wild wild JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 185 3 type type NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 185 4 lacZ lacz XX cord-010499-yefxrj30 186 1 * * NFP cord-010499-yefxrj30 186 2 controi controi NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 186 3 shows show VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 186 4 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 186 5 marked marked JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 186 6 decrease decrease NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 186 7 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 186 8 p p NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 186 9 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 186 10 galactosidase galactosidase NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 186 11 synthesis synthesis NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 186 12 during during IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 186 13 limitation limitation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 186 14 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 186 15 each each DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 186 16 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 186 17 tiie tiie NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 186 18 amino amino JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 186 19 acids acid NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 186 20 tested test VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 186 21 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 1 This this DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 2 response response NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 3 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 4 typical typical JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 5 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 6 relA relA NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 7 ~ ~ NFP cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 8 cells cell NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 9 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 10 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 11 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 12 primarily primarily RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 13 caused cause VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 14 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 15 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 16 dependence dependence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 17 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 18 /acZtranscription /acztranscription CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 19 on on IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 20 ppGpp ppGpp NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 21 during during IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 22 amino amino JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 23 acid acid NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 24 limitation limitation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 26 Primakoff Primakoff NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 27 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 28 Artz Artz NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 29 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 30 1979 1979 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 31 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 32 Yangefa/. Yangefa/. NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 33 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 34 1979 1979 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 35 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 36 Primakoff Primakoff NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 37 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 38 1981 1981 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 39 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 40 Foieyefa/. Foieyefa/. NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 41 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 42 1982 1982 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 44 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 45 compounded compound VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 46 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 47 errors error NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 48 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 49 transiation transiation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 50 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 51 some some DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 52 hungry hungry JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 53 codons codon NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 54 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 55 reviewed review VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 56 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 57 Gallant Gallant NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 58 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 59 1979 1979 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 60 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 61 Cashe Cashe NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 62 ! ! . cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 63 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 64 Rudd Rudd NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 65 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 66 1987 1987 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 67 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 68 Parker Parker NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 69 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 70 1989 1989 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 71 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 187 72 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 1 Expression expression NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 2 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 3 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 4 /acZ /acZ NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 5 gene gene NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 6 carrying carry VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 7 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 8 HIV HIV NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 9 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 10 signal signal NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 11 should should MD cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 12 be be VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 13 subject subject JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 14 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 15 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 16 same same JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 17 relA~ rela~ NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 18 defects defect NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 19 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 20 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 21 indeed indeed RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 22 reduced reduce VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 23 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 24 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 25 same same JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 26 extent extent NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 27 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 28 wild wild JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 29 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 30 type type NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 31 during during IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 32 limitation limitation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 33 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 34 arginine arginine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 35 or or CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 36 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 37 phenyialanyl phenyialanyl NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 38 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 39 tRNA trna NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 41 Table Table NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 42 2 2 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 188 44 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 189 1 During during IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 189 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 189 3 eucine eucine JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 189 4 limitation limitation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 189 5 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 189 6 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 189 7 contrast contrast NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 189 8 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 189 9 enzyme enzyme NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 189 10 synthesis synthesis NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 189 11 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 189 12 increased increase VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 189 13 rather rather RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 189 14 than than IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 189 15 decreased decrease VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 189 16 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 189 17 cells cell NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 189 18 carrying carry VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 189 19 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 189 20 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 189 21 allele allele NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 189 22 pHIV201 pHIV201 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 190 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 190 2 Table table NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 190 3 3 3 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 190 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 190 5 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 1 In in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 2 201-U7 201-u7 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 3 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 4 which which WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 5 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 6 identical identical JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 7 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 8 201 201 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 9 except except IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 10 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 11 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 12 absence absence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 13 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 14 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 15 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 16 codon codon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 17 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 18 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 19 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 20 site site NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 21 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 22 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 23 limitation limitation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 24 provokes provoke VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 25 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 26 decrease decrease NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 27 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 28 enzyme enzyme NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 29 synthesis synthesis NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 31 Table Table NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 32 4 4 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 34 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 35 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 36 it -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 37 does do VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 38 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 39 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 40 iacZ iacZ NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 41 * * NFP cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 42 control control NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 191 43 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 2 fact fact NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 3 that that IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 4 enzyme enzyme VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 5 synthesis synthesis NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 6 increases increase NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 7 with with IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 8 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 9 limitation limitation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 10 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 11 201 201 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 12 means mean VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 13 that that IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 14 an an DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 15 increase increase NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 16 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 17 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 18 more more RBR cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 19 than than IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 20 compensates compensate VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 21 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 22 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 23 sharp sharp JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 24 decrease decrease NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 25 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 26 lacZ lacz JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 27 expression expression NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 28 found find VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 29 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 30 tine tine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 31 control control NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 32 experiments experiment NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 33 with with IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 34 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 35 wild wild JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 36 type type NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 37 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 38 with with IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 39 201-U7 201-u7 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 192 40 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 193 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 193 2 increased increase VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 193 3 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 193 4 attributable attributable JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 193 5 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 193 6 this this DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 193 7 one one CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 193 8 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 193 9 codon codon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 193 10 can can MD cord-010499-yefxrj30 193 11 be be VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 193 12 estimated estimate VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 193 13 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 193 14 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 193 15 ratio ratio NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 193 16 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 193 17 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 193 18 effect effect NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 193 19 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 193 20 ieucine ieucine JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 193 21 limitation limitation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 193 22 on on IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 193 23 201 201 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 193 24 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 193 25 that that DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 193 26 on on IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 193 27 201-U7 201-u7 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 193 28 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 1 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 2 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 3 former former JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 4 case case NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 5 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 6 enzyme enzyme NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 7 synthesis synthesis NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 8 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 9 two two CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 10 times time NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 11 greater great JJR cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 12 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 13 3)igmi 3)igmi NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 14 " " '' cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 15 ' ' '' cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 16 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 17 leucinemethyl leucinemethyl NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 18 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 19 ester ester NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 20 than than IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 21 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 22 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 23 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 24 whereas whereas IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 25 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 26 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 27 tter tter NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 28 case case NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 29 it -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 30 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 31 three three CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 32 times time NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 33 less less JJR cord-010499-yefxrj30 194 34 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 1 By by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 2 this this DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 3 estimate estimate NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 4 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 5 therefore therefore RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 6 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 7 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 8 frequency frequency NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 9 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 10 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 11 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 12 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 13 critical critical JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 14 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 15 codon codon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 16 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 17 increased increase VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 18 about about IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 19 sixfold sixfold RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 20 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 21 3|igmr^ 3|igmr^ CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 22 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 23 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 24 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 25 analogue analogue NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 26 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 27 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 28 limitation limitation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 29 regimen regimen NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 30 which which WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 31 reduced reduce VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 32 growth growth NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 33 about about IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 34 sevenfold sevenfold NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 195 35 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 2 protein protein NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 3 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 4 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 5 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 6 frameshifted frameshifted JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 7 material material NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 9 Fig Fig NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 10 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 11 3 3 LS cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 13 demonstrates demonstrate VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 14 that that IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 15 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 16 ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 17 read read VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 18 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 19 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 20 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 21 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 22 normal normal JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 23 fashion fashion NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 24 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 25 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 26 first first JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 27 nine nine CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 28 codons codon NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 29 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 30 up up IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 31 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 32 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 33 hungry hungry JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 34 codon codon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 35 calling call VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 36 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 37 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 38 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 39 position position NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 40 10 10 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 196 41 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 1 At at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 2 this this DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 3 position position NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 4 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 5 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 6 predominant predominant JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 7 amino amino NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 8 acid acid NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 9 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 10 F F NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 12 phenylaianine phenylaianine NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 14 rather rather RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 15 than than IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 16 L L NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 18 leucine leucine NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 20 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 21 implying imply VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 22 that that IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 23 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 24 ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 25 slipped slip VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 26 leftward leftward RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 27 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 28 decode decode VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 29 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 30 TTT TTT NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 31 triplet triplet NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 32 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 33 phenyialanine phenyialanine NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 34 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 35 which which WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 36 overiaps overiap VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 37 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 38 hungry hungry JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 39 codon codon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 40 from from IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 41 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 42 left left NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 197 43 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 198 1 This this DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 198 2 overlapping overlapping JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 198 3 mode mode NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 198 4 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 198 5 reading reading NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 198 6 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 198 7 entirely entirely RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 198 8 analogous analogous JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 198 9 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 198 10 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 198 11 case case NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 198 12 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 198 13 leftward leftward NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 198 14 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 198 15 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 198 16 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 198 17 different different JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 198 18 hungry hungry JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 198 19 codon codon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 198 20 we -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 198 21 have have VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 198 22 described describe VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 198 23 earlier early RBR cord-010499-yefxrj30 198 24 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 199 1 However however RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 199 2 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 199 3 there there EX cord-010499-yefxrj30 199 4 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 199 5 also also RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 199 6 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 199 7 significant significant JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 199 8 secondary secondary JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 199 9 peak peak NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 199 10 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 199 11 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 199 12 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 199 13 position position NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 199 14 10 10 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 199 15 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 199 16 amounting amount VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 199 17 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 199 18 one one CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 199 19 third third NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 199 20 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 199 21 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 199 22 total total JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 199 23 signal signal NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 199 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 199 25 Fig Fig NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 199 26 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 199 27 3 3 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 199 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 199 29 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 200 1 This this DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 200 2 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 200 3 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 200 4 amino amino NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 200 5 acid acid NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 200 6 encoded encode VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 200 7 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 200 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 200 9 he -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 200 10 initial initial JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 200 11 or or CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 200 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 200 13 0 0 NFP cord-010499-yefxrj30 200 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 200 15 reading reading NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 200 16 frame frame NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 200 17 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 2 presence presence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 3 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 4 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 5 here here RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 6 strongly strongly RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 7 suggests suggest VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 8 that that IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 9 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 10 minority minority NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 11 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 12 ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 13 bound bind VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 14 leucyl leucyl NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 15 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 16 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 17 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 18 then then RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 19 slipped slip VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 20 leftward leftward RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 21 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 22 just just RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 23 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 24 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 25 majority majority NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 26 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 27 ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 28 did do VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 29 under under IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 30 conditions condition NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 31 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 33 eucine eucine JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 34 sufficiency sufficiency NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 201 35 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 202 1 Thus thus RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 202 2 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 202 3 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 202 4 HIV HIV NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 202 5 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 202 6 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 202 7 subject subject JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 202 8 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 202 9 starvationpromoted starvationpromoted JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 202 10 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 202 11 on on IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 202 12 E. E. NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 202 13 coli coli NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 202 14 ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 202 15 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 202 16 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 202 17 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 202 18 two two CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 202 19 seemingly seemingly RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 202 20 different different JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 202 21 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 202 22 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 203 1 One one CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 203 2 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 203 3 overlapping overlap VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 203 4 reading reading NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 203 5 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 203 6 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 203 7 hungry hungry JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 203 8 codon codon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 203 9 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 204 1 like like IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 204 2 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 204 3 cases case NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 204 4 we -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 204 5 have have VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 204 6 analysed analyse VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 204 7 elsewhere elsewhere RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 204 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 204 9 Weiss Weiss NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 204 10 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 204 11 Gallant Gallant NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 204 12 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 204 13 1986 1986 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 204 14 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 204 15 Gailant Gailant NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 204 16 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 204 17 Linsdiey Linsdiey NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 204 18 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 204 19 1992 1992 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 204 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 204 21 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 2 second second JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 3 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 4 zero zero CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 5 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 6 frame frame NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 7 reading reading NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 8 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 9 subsequent subsequent JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 10 siippage siippage NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 11 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 12 inserting insert VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 13 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 14 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 15 position position NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 16 10 10 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 17 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 18 this this DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 19 caseanaiagous caseanaiagous JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 20 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 21 other other JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 22 studies study NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 23 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 24 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 25 translation translation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 26 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 27 HIV HIV NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 29 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 30 etai etai NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 31 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 32 1988b 1988b CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 33 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 34 Weiss Weiss NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 35 etal etal NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 36 .. .. NFP cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 37 1989 1989 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 39 or or CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 40 rous rous JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 41 sarcoma sarcoma NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 42 virus virus NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 43 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 44 RSV RSV NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 205 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 206 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 206 2 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 206 3 etai etai NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 206 4 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 207 1 1988a 1988a LS cord-010499-yefxrj30 207 2 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 207 3 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 207 4 heteroiogous heteroiogous NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 207 5 systems system NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 207 6 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 1 In in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 2 fact fact NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 3 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 4 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 5 close close JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 6 reading reading NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 7 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 8 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 9 data datum NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 10 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 11 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 12 e e NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 13 / / SYM cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 14 a/. a/. NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 16 1988b 1988b CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 18 reveais reveais NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 19 that that WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 20 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 21 HiV HiV NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 22 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 23 also also RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 24 displayed display VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 25 both both DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 26 modes mode NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 27 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 28 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 29 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 30 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 31 eukaryotic eukaryotic JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 32 cell cell NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 33 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 34 free free JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 35 translation translation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 36 system system NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 37 they -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 38 analysed analyse VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 208 39 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 209 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 209 2 predominant predominant JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 209 3 amino amino NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 209 4 acid acid NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 209 5 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 209 6 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 209 7 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 209 8 site site NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 210 1 In in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 210 2 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-010499-yefxrj30 210 3 study study NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 210 4 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 210 5 leucine leucine JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 210 6 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 211 1 but but CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 211 2 there there EX cord-010499-yefxrj30 211 3 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 211 4 aiso aiso VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 211 5 about about RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 211 6 20 20 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 211 7 - - SYM cord-010499-yefxrj30 211 8 25 25 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 211 9 % % NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 211 10 phenyialanine phenyialanine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 211 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 211 12 see see VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 211 13 Fig Fig NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 211 14 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 212 1 2 2 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 212 2 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 212 3 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 212 4 et et NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 212 5 ai ai NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 212 6 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 212 7 198Bb 198bb CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 212 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 212 9 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 213 1 indicative indicative JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 213 2 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 213 3 overiapping overiappe VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 213 4 reading reading NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 213 5 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 214 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-010499-yefxrj30 214 2 results result NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 214 3 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 214 4 unstarved unstarved JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 214 5 cells cell NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 214 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 214 7 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-010499-yefxrj30 214 8 Fig Fig NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 214 9 . . NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 214 10 2 2 LS cord-010499-yefxrj30 214 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 214 12 indicate indicate VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 214 13 about about IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 214 14 30 30 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 214 15 % % NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 214 16 phenyialanine phenyialanine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 214 17 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 215 1 These these DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 215 2 two two CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 215 3 modes mode NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 215 4 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 215 5 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 215 6 share share NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 215 7 fundamentai fundamentai NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 215 8 similarities similarity NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 215 9 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 215 10 most most RBS cord-010499-yefxrj30 215 11 strikingly strikingly RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 215 12 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 215 13 regard regard NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 215 14 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 215 15 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-010499-yefxrj30 215 16 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 215 17 requirements requirement NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 215 18 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 215 19 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 215 20 four four CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 215 21 positions position NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 215 22 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 215 23 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 215 24 left left NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 215 25 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 215 26 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 215 27 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 215 28 site site NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 215 29 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 1 In in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 2 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 3 case case NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 4 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 5 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 6 mechanism mechanism NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 7 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 9 0 0 NFP cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 11 frame frame NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 12 tRNA trna NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 13 binding binding NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 14 followed follow VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 15 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 16 slippage slippage NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 17 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 18 mutation mutation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 19 studies study NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 20 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 21 this this DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 22 region region NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 23 strongiy strongiy NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 24 suggest suggest VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 25 that that IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 26 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 27 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 28 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 29 facilitated facilitate VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 30 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 31 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 32 leftward leftward JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 33 slip slip NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 34 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 35 peptidyl peptidyl NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 36 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 37 tRNA trna NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 38 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 39 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 40 P p NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 41 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 216 42 site site NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 217 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 217 2 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 217 3 et et NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 217 4 al al NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 217 5 .. .. NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 217 6 1988a.b 1988a.b CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 217 7 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 217 8 Wilson Wilson NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 217 9 ef ef NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 217 10 al al NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 217 11 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 218 1 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 218 2 1988 1988 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 218 3 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 218 4 Weiss Weiss NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 218 5 et et NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 218 6 ai ai NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 218 7 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 218 8 1989 1989 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 218 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 218 10 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 219 1 In in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 219 2 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 219 3 case case NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 219 4 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 219 5 tiie tiie NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 219 6 overlapping overlapping JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 219 7 reading reading NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 219 8 mechanism mechanism NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 219 9 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 219 10 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-010499-yefxrj30 219 11 mutation mutation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 219 12 studies study NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 219 13 suggest suggest VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 219 14 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 219 15 similar similar JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 219 16 involvement involvement NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 219 17 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 219 18 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 219 19 peptidyl peptidyl JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 219 20 shiiX shiiX NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 219 21 { { -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 219 22 KO\OT ko\ot FW cord-010499-yefxrj30 219 23 et et FW cord-010499-yefxrj30 219 24 ai ai NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 219 25 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 219 26 1993 1993 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 219 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 219 28 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 1 Thus thus RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 2 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 3 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 4 both both DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 5 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 6 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 7 leftward leftward JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 8 slippage slippage NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 9 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 10 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 11 ribosome ribosome NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 12 's 's POS cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 13 A A NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 14 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 15 site site NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 16 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 17 facilitated facilitate VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 18 if if IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 19 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 20 adjacent adjacent JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 21 peptidyl peptidyl NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 22 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 23 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 24 finds find VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 25 complementary complementary JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 26 pairing pairing NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 27 with with IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 28 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 29 left left RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 30 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 31 shifted shift VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 32 triplet triplet NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 33 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 34 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 35 P p NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 36 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 37 site site NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 220 38 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 221 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 221 2 distinction distinction NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 221 3 between between IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 221 4 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 221 5 two two CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 221 6 meciianisms meciianism NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 221 7 seems seem VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 221 8 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 221 9 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 221 10 first first RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 221 11 thought thought NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 221 12 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 221 13 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 221 14 reside reside VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 221 15 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 221 16 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 221 17 order order NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 221 18 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 221 19 which which WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 221 20 aminoacyl aminoacyl NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 221 21 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 221 22 tRNA trna NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 221 23 binding binding NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 221 24 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 221 25 slippage slippage NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 221 26 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 221 27 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 221 28 message message NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 221 29 occur occur VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 221 30 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 222 1 However however RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 222 2 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 222 3 this this DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 222 4 distinction distinction NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 222 5 may may MD cord-010499-yefxrj30 222 6 be be VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 222 7 more more RBR cord-010499-yefxrj30 222 8 apparent apparent JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 222 9 than than IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 222 10 real real JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 222 11 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 2 could could MD cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 3 be be VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 4 that that IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 5 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 6 aminoacyl aminoacyl NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 7 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 8 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 9 that that WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 10 reads read VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 11 tiie tiie NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 12 overlapping overlap VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 13 codon codon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 14 first first RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 15 enters enter VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 16 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 17 A A NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 18 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 19 site site NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 20 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 21 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 23 0 0 NFP cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 24 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 25 frame frame NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 26 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 27 way way NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 28 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 29 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 30 mismatch mismatch NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 223 31 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 224 1 In in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 224 2 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 224 3 present present JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 224 4 case case NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 224 5 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 224 6 this this DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 224 7 would would MD cord-010499-yefxrj30 224 8 mean mean VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 224 9 phe phe NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 224 10 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 224 11 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 224 12 pairing pair VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 224 13 initialiy initialiy NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 224 14 with with IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 224 15 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 224 16 UUA UUA NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 224 17 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 224 18 codon codon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 224 19 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 224 20 an an DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 224 21 interaction interaction NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 224 22 which which WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 224 23 demands demand VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 224 24 one one CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 224 25 mismatch mismatch NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 224 26 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 224 27 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 224 28 third third JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 224 29 position position NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 224 30 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 1 This this DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 2 non non JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 3 - - JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 4 cognate cognate JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 5 interaction interaction NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 6 would would MD cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 7 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 8 course course RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 9 be be VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 10 favoured favour VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 11 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 12 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 13 shortage shortage NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 14 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 15 leucyl leucyl NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 16 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 17 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 18 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 19 particularly particularly RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 20 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 21 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 22 relA~ rela~ NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 23 host host NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 24 cells cell NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 25 which which WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 26 suffer suffer VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 27 increased increase VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 28 recognition recognition NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 29 errors error NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 30 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 31 hungry hungry JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 32 codons codon NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 34 Gallant Gallant NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 35 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 36 1979 1979 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 37 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 38 Cashel Cashel NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 39 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 40 Rudd Rudd NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 41 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 42 1987 1987 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 43 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 44 Parker Parker NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 45 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 46 1989 1989 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 47 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 225 48 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 1 Subsequently subsequently RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 2 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 3 leftward leftward JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 4 slippage slippage NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 5 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 6 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 7 phe phe NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 8 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 9 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 10 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 11 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 12 A A NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 13 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 14 site site NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 15 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 16 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 17 overiapping overiappe VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 18 UUU UUU NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 19 triplet triplet NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 20 would would MD cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 21 provide provide VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 22 complementarity complementarity NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 23 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 24 all all DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 25 three three CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 26 positions position NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 27 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 28 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 29 thus thus RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 30 improve improve VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 31 stabiiity stabiiity NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 226 32 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 1 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 2 this this DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 3 way way NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 4 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 5 an an DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 6 initial initial JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 7 recognition recognition NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 8 error error NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 9 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 10 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 12 0 0 NFP cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 14 reading reading NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 15 frame frame NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 16 could could MD cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 17 be be VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 18 resolved resolve VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 19 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 20 way way NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 21 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 22 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 23 reading reading NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 24 frame frame NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 25 error error NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 26 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 27 an an DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 28 example example NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 29 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 30 what what WP cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 31 has have VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 32 elsewhere elsewhere RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 33 been be VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 34 termed term VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 35 ' ' `` cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 36 error error NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 37 coupiing coupiing NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 38 ' ' '' cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 39 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 40 Kuriand Kuriand NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 41 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 42 Gaiiant Gaiiant NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 227 43 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 228 1 1986 1986 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 228 2 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 228 3 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 229 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 229 2 poi poi JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 229 3 gene gene NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 229 4 product product NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 229 5 expressed express VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 229 6 from from IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 229 7 intact intact JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 229 8 HiV HiV NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 229 9 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 229 10 human human JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 229 11 host host NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 229 12 cells cell NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 229 13 has have VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 229 14 yet yet RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 229 15 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 229 16 be be VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 229 17 characterized characterize VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 229 18 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 229 19 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 229 20 amino amino NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 229 21 acid acid NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 229 22 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 229 23 level level NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 229 24 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 1 Consequently consequently RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 2 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 4 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 5 unknown unknown JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 6 whether whether IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 7 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 8 amino amino NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 9 acid acid NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 10 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 11 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 12 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 13 junction junction NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 14 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 15 ieucine ieucine JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 16 or or CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 17 phenylaianine phenylaianine NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 19 or or CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 20 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 21 mixed mixed JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 22 population population NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 24 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 25 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 26 it -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 27 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 28 therefore therefore RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 29 unknown unknown JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 30 which which WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 31 mode(s mode(s NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 33 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 34 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 35 operates operate NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 36 under under IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 37 natural natural JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 38 conditions condition NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 230 39 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 231 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 231 2 overlapping overlap VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 231 3 reading reading NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 231 4 mechanism mechanism NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 231 5 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 231 6 worth worth JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 231 7 bearing bear VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 231 8 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 231 9 mind mind NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 231 10 because because IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 231 11 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 231 12 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 231 13 obvious obvious JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 231 14 possibilities possibility NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 231 15 it -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 231 16 presents present VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 231 17 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 231 18 physiological physiological JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 231 19 controi controi NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 231 20 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 232 1 In in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 232 2 prokaryotic prokaryotic JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 232 3 systems system NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 232 4 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 232 5 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 232 6 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 232 7 overlapping overlap VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 232 8 reading reading NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 232 9 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 232 10 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 232 11 natural natural JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 232 12 outcome outcome NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 232 13 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 232 14 imbalances imbalance NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 232 15 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 232 16 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 232 17 aminoacyl aminoacyl VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 232 18 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 232 19 tRNA trna NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 232 20 pools pool NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 233 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 233 2 Atkins Atkins NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 233 3 et et NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 233 4 ai ai NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 233 5 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 233 6 1979 1979 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 233 7 ; ; . cord-010499-yefxrj30 234 1 Gallant gallant JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 234 2 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 234 3 Foley Foley NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 234 4 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 235 1 1980 1980 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 235 2 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 235 3 Weiss Weiss NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 235 4 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 235 5 Gallant Gallant NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 235 6 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 235 7 1983 1983 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 235 8 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 235 9 1986 1986 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 235 10 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 235 11 Kuriand Kuriand NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 235 12 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 235 13 Gallant Gallant NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 235 14 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 235 15 1986 1986 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 235 16 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 235 17 Bruce Bruce NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 235 18 et et NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 235 19 ai ai NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 235 20 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 235 21 1986 1986 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 235 22 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 235 23 Weiss Weiss NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 235 24 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 235 25 Gallant Gallant NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 235 26 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 235 27 1986 1986 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 235 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 235 29 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 236 1 Our -PRON- PRP$ cord-010499-yefxrj30 236 2 present present JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 236 3 resuits resuit NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 236 4 demonstrate demonstrate VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 236 5 that that IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 236 6 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 236 7 translational translational JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 236 8 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 236 9 signal signal NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 236 10 from from IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 236 11 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 236 12 can can MD cord-010499-yefxrj30 236 13 be be VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 236 14 reguiated reguiate VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 236 15 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 236 16 this this DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 236 17 fashion fashion NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 236 18 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 236 19 response response NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 236 20 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 236 21 changing change VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 236 22 ieveis ieveis NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 236 23 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 236 24 leucyl leucyl NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 236 25 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 236 26 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 236 27 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 237 1 Similar similar JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 237 2 regulation regulation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 237 3 might may MD cord-010499-yefxrj30 237 4 be be VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 237 5 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 237 6 simpie simpie NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 237 7 but but CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 237 8 effective effective JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 237 9 metliod metliod NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 237 10 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 237 11 establishing establish VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 237 12 physioiogical physioiogical JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 237 13 control control NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 237 14 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 237 15 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 237 16 expression expression NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 237 17 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 237 18 any any DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 237 19 frameshifted frameshifted JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 237 20 gene gene NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 237 21 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 238 1 Many many JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 238 2 such such JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 238 3 genes gene NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 238 4 function function VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 238 5 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 238 6 replicate replicate VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 238 7 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 238 8 spread spread VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 238 9 viruses virus NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 238 10 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 238 11 transposable transposable JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 238 12 elements element NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 238 13 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 238 14 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 238 15 retroviruses retrovirus NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 238 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 238 17 reviewed review VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 238 18 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 238 19 Hatfield Hatfield NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 238 20 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 238 21 Oroszlan Oroszlan NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 238 22 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 238 23 1990 1990 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 238 24 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 238 25 Cattaneo Cattaneo NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 238 26 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 238 27 1989 1989 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 238 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 238 29 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 239 1 In in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 239 2 these these DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 239 3 cases case NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 239 4 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 239 5 ribosome ribosome NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 239 6 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 239 7 during during IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 239 8 aminoacyl aminoacyl NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 239 9 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 239 10 tRNA trna NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 239 11 imbalance imbalance NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 239 12 might may MD cord-010499-yefxrj30 239 13 represent represent VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 239 14 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 239 15 mechanism mechanism NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 239 16 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 239 17 iinking iinke VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 239 18 element element NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 239 19 movement movement NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 239 20 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 239 21 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 239 22 state state NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 239 23 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 239 24 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 239 25 celiuiar celiuiar NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 239 26 economy economy NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 239 27 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 240 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 240 2 degree degree NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 240 3 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 240 4 aminoacylation aminoacylation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 240 5 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 240 6 tRNAs tRNAs NNPS cord-010499-yefxrj30 240 7 provides provide VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 240 8 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 240 9 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 240 10 difference difference NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 240 11 signal signal NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 240 12 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 240 13 ceilular ceilular NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 240 14 activity activity NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 240 15 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 241 1 Anabolism anabolism NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 241 2 generates generate VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 241 3 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 241 4 amino amino NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 241 5 acids acid NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 241 6 which which WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 241 7 charge charge VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 241 8 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 241 9 tRNAs trna NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 241 10 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 241 11 while while IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 241 12 translation translation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 241 13 drains drain VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 241 14 these these DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 241 15 amino amino JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 241 16 acids acid NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 241 17 into into IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 241 18 growing grow VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 241 19 proteins protein NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 241 20 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 1 Hence hence RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 2 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 3 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 4 tRNA trna NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 5 charging charge VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 6 levei levei NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 7 reflects reflect VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 8 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 9 balance balance NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 10 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 11 these these DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 12 two two CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 13 flows flow NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 14 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 15 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 16 bacterial bacterial JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 17 celis celis NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 18 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 19 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 20 aminoacylation aminoacylation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 21 levels level NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 22 operate operate VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 23 both both DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 24 specific specific JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 25 attenuation attenuation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 26 control control NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 27 circuits circuit NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 28 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 29 Landick Landick NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 30 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 31 Yanofsky Yanofsky NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 32 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 33 1987 1987 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 35 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 36 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 37 highly highly RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 38 pleiotropic pleiotropic JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 39 stringent stringent JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 40 controi controi NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 41 system system NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 42 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 43 Gallant Gallant NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 44 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 45 1979 1979 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 46 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 47 Cashel Cashel NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 48 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 49 Rudd Rudd NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 50 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 51 1987 1987 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 52 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 242 53 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 243 1 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 243 2 may may MD cord-010499-yefxrj30 243 3 regulate regulate VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 243 4 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 243 5 expression expression NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 243 6 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 243 7 individual individual JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 243 8 translation translation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 243 9 factor factor NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 243 10 genes gene NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 243 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 243 12 Grunberg Grunberg NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 243 13 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 243 14 Manago Manago NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 243 15 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 243 16 1987 1987 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 243 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 243 18 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 1 This this DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 2 speculation speculation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 3 might may MD cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 4 provide provide VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 5 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 6 rationale rationale NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 7 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 8 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 9 various various JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 10 different different JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 11 shifty shifty JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 12 sequences sequence NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 13 found find VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 14 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 15 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 16 gag gag NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 17 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 18 pol pol NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 19 aj\6 aj\6 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 20 gagpro gagpro JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 21 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 22 pol pol JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 23 overiaps overiap NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 24 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 25 different different JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 26 retroviruses retrovirus NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 27 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 28 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 29 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 30 comparable comparable JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 31 regions region NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 32 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 33 different different JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 34 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 244 35 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 245 1 Perhaps perhaps RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 245 2 each each DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 245 3 unique unique JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 245 4 shifty shifty JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 245 5 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 245 6 has have VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 245 7 been be VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 245 8 evoiutionariiy evoiutionariiy JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 245 9 optimized optimize VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 245 10 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 245 11 respond respond VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 245 12 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 245 13 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 245 14 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 245 15 deficiency deficiency NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 245 16 that that WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 245 17 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 245 18 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 245 19 most most RBS cord-010499-yefxrj30 245 20 sensitive sensitive JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 245 21 difference difference NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 245 22 signal signal NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 245 23 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 245 24 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-010499-yefxrj30 245 25 particular particular JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 245 26 host host NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 245 27 ceils ceil NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 245 28 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 1 Likewise likewise RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 2 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 3 evoiutionary evoiutionary JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 4 pressure pressure NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 5 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 6 maintain maintain VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 7 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 8 response response NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 9 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 10 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 11 cell cell NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 12 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 13 specific specific JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 14 aminoacyl aminoacyl NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 15 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 16 tRNA trna NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 17 signal signal NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 18 might may MD cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 19 also also RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 20 explain explain VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 21 why why WRB cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 22 retroviruses retrovirus NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 23 maintain maintain VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 24 non non JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 25 - - JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 26 optimal optimal JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 27 translational translational JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 28 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 29 sequences sequence NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 30 which which WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 31 must must MD cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 32 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 33 some some DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 34 cases case NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 35 be be VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 36 augmented augment VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 37 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 38 baroque baroque NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 39 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 40 secondary secondary JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 41 structures structure NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 246 42 downstream downstream RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 247 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 247 2 Weiss Weiss NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 247 3 et et NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 247 4 ai ai NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 247 5 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 247 6 1989 1989 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 247 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 247 8 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 1 Finally finally RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 2 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 3 we -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 4 might may MD cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 5 note note VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 6 that that IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 7 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 8 data datum NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 9 do do VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 10 not not RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 11 distinguish distinguish VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 12 between between IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 13 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 14 simultaneous simultaneous JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 15 slippage slippage NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 16 mechanism mechanism NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 17 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 18 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 19 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 20 codon codon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 22 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 23 proposed propose VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 24 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 25 Jacks Jacks NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 26 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 27 Varmus Varmus NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 29 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 30 an an DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 31 overlapping overlap VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 32 reading reading NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 33 mechanism mechanism NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 34 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 35 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 36 next next JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 37 codon codon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 248 38 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 1 If if IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 2 ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 3 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 4 unstarved unstarved JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 5 cells cell NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 6 paused pause VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 7 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 8 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 9 GGG GGG NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 10 codon codon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 11 following follow VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 12 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 13 leucine leucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 14 codon codon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 15 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 16 then then RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 17 arg arg NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 18 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 19 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 20 could could MD cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 21 enter enter VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 22 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 23 overlapping overlap VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 24 reading reading NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 25 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 26 shift shift VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 27 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 28 reading reading NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 29 frame frame NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 30 leftward leftward RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 32 see see VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 33 Fig Fig NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 34 . . NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 35 4 4 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 249 37 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 250 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 250 2 amino amino NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 250 3 acid acid NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 250 4 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 250 5 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 250 6 this this DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 250 7 case case NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 250 8 would would MD cord-010499-yefxrj30 250 9 be be VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 250 10 exactly exactly RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 250 11 that that WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 250 12 ascribed ascribe VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 250 13 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 250 14 simultaneous simultaneous JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 250 15 slippage slippage NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 250 16 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 250 17 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 250 18 which which WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 250 19 we -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 250 20 have have VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 250 21 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 250 22 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 250 23 unstan unstan NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 250 24 / / SYM cord-010499-yefxrj30 250 25 ed ed NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 250 26 E. E. NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 250 27 coli coli NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 250 28 cells cell NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 250 29 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 2 have have VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 3 no no DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 4 independent independent JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 5 reason reason NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 6 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 7 expect expect VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 8 ribosome ribosome NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 9 stalling stall VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 10 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 11 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 12 GGG GGG NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 13 codon codon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 14 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 15 growing grow VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 16 celis celis NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 17 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 18 except except IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 19 that that IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 20 it -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 21 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 22 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 23 rare rare JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 24 codon codon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 25 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 26 caiis caii VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 27 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 28 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 29 rare rare JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 30 tRNA trna NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 31 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 32 Experiments experiment NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 33 designed design VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 34 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 35 investigate investigate VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 36 this this DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 37 possibiiity possibiiity NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 38 are be VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 39 under under IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 40 way way NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 251 41 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 252 1 Frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 252 2 alleles allele NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 252 3 were be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 252 4 constructed construct VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 252 5 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 252 6 modification modification NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 252 7 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 252 8 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 252 9 plasmid plasmid NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 252 10 vector vector NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 252 11 pBWIIOO pBWIIOO NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 252 12 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 253 1 pBWIlOO pBWIlOO NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 253 2 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 253 3 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 253 4 kind kind NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 253 5 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 253 6 gift gift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 253 7 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 253 8 Bob Bob NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 253 9 Weiss Weiss NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 253 10 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 253 11 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 253 12 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 253 13 modified modify VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 253 14 pBR322 pbr322 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 253 15 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 253 16 which which WDT cord-010499-yefxrj30 253 17 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 253 18 1 1 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 253 19 - - SYM cord-010499-yefxrj30 253 20 1417 1417 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 253 21 were be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 253 22 replaced replace VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 253 23 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 253 24 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 253 25 1 1 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 253 26 - - CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 253 27 4625 4625 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 254 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 254 2 NIH NIH NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 254 3 GenBank GenBank NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 254 4 co co NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 254 5 - - JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 254 6 ordinates ordinate NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 254 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 254 8 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 254 9 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 254 10 E e NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 254 11 coli coli NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 254 12 lac lac NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 254 13 operon operon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 254 14 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 2 lac lac NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 3 operon operon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 4 fragment fragment NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 5 has have VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 6 been be VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 7 modified modify VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 8 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 9 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 10 deletion deletion NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 11 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 12 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 13 641 641 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 14 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 15 1070 1070 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 16 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 17 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 18 removal removal NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 19 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 20 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 21 natural natural JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 22 EcoRI ecori NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 23 site site NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 24 within within IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 25 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 26 /acZ /acZ NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 27 gene gene NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 28 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 29 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 30 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 31 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 32 addition addition NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 33 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 34 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 35 pUC9 pUC9 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 36 polylinker polylinker NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 38 Vieira Vieira NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 39 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 40 Messing Messing NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 41 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 42 1982 1982 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 44 between between IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 45 codons codon NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 46 4 4 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 47 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 48 5 5 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 255 49 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 256 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 256 2 resultant resultant JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 256 3 pBWIlOO pbwiloo NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 256 4 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 256 5 Lad Lad NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 256 6 Z*Y"A Z*Y"A NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 256 7 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 256 8 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 256 9 confers confer VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 256 10 resistance resistance NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 256 11 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 256 12 ampicillin ampicillin NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 256 13 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 257 1 In in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 257 2 typical typical JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 257 3 constructions construction NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 257 4 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 257 5 about about RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 257 6 1 1 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 257 7 jig jig NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 257 8 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 257 9 pBWIlOO pBWIlOO NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 257 10 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 257 11 cut cut VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 257 12 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 257 13 completion completion NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 257 14 with with IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 257 15 restriction restriction NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 257 16 endonucleases endonuclease NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 257 17 H h NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 257 18 / / SYM cord-010499-yefxrj30 257 19 ndlll ndlll NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 257 20 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 257 21 SamHI SamHI NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 258 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 258 2 Bethesda Bethesda NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 258 3 Research Research NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 258 4 Labs Labs NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 258 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 258 6 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 258 7 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-010499-yefxrj30 258 8 single single JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 258 9 sites site NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 258 10 within within IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 258 11 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 258 12 pUC9 pUC9 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 258 13 polylinker polylinker NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 258 14 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 1 About about IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 2 lOOng lOOng NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 3 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 4 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 5 prepared prepared JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 6 vector vector NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 7 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 8 used use VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 9 without without IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 10 purification purification NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 11 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 12 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 13 20 20 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 14 nl nl NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 15 ligation ligation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 16 containing contain VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 17 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 18 10-fold 10-fold JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 19 molar molar JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 20 excess excess NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 21 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 22 paired pair VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 23 complementary complementary JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 24 oligonucleotide oligonucleotide NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 25 primers primer NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 26 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 27 kindly kindly RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 28 prepared prepare VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 29 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 30 Yim Yim NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 31 Foon Foon NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 32 Lee Lee NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 34 Howard Howard NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 35 Hughes Hughes NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 36 Institute Institute NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 37 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 38 University University NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 39 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 40 Washington Washington NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 42 on on IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 43 an an DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 44 Applied Applied NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 45 Biosystems Biosystems NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 46 380B 380b CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 47 synthesizer synthesizer NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 259 48 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 260 1 Ligations ligation NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 260 2 were be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 260 3 carried carry VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 260 4 out out RP cord-010499-yefxrj30 260 5 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 260 6 room room NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 260 7 temperature temperature NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 260 8 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 260 9 3 3 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 260 10 - - SYM cord-010499-yefxrj30 260 11 12 12 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 260 12 h. h. NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 260 13 then then RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 260 14 transformed transform VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 260 15 into into IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 260 16 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 260 17 lac~ lac~ CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 260 18 strain strain NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 260 19 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 260 20 screening screening NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 260 21 on on IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 260 22 Xgal Xgal NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 260 23 indicator indicator NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 260 24 plates plate NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 260 25 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 261 1 Plasmid Plasmid NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 261 2 DNA DNA NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 261 3 from from IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 261 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 261 5 leaky leaky JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 261 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 261 7 lac lac NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 261 8 candidates candidate NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 261 9 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 261 10 examined examine VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 261 11 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 261 12 restriction restriction NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 261 13 analysis analysis NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 261 14 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 261 15 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 261 16 DNA dna NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 261 17 sequencing sequencing NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 261 18 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 261 19 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 261 20 salient salient JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 261 21 region region NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 261 22 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 261 23 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 261 24 lacZ lacZ NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 261 25 gene gene NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 261 26 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 262 1 Sequences sequence NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 262 2 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 262 3 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 262 4 oligonucleotide oligonucleotide JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 262 5 pairs pair NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 262 6 were be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 262 7 : : : cord-010499-yefxrj30 262 8 HIV13 HIV13 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 262 9 / / SYM cord-010499-yefxrj30 262 10 HIV13-A3 HIV13-A3 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 262 11 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 262 12 5'-AGCTCTAATT^TTTAGG 5'-agctctaatt^tttagg CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 262 13 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 262 14 GA-3 ga-3 NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 262 15 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 262 16 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 262 17 5'-GATCTCCCTAAAIAATTAG-3 5'-gatctccctaaaiaattag-3 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 262 18 ' ' '' cord-010499-yefxrj30 262 19 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 262 20 H1V201 h1v201 UH cord-010499-yefxrj30 262 21 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 262 22 5-AGCTCTAAI 5-agctctaai CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 262 23 1 1 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 263 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 264 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 265 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 265 2 IAGGGAAGG-3 IAGGGAAGG-3 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 265 3 ' ' '' cord-010499-yefxrj30 265 4 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 265 5 5-GATCCCTTCC 5-gatcccttcc CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 265 6 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 265 7 CTAAAAAATTAG-3 CTAAAAAATTAG-3 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 265 8 ' ' '' cord-010499-yefxrj30 265 9 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 265 10 HIV201-U7 HIV201-U7 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 265 11 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 266 1 5'-AGCTCTAAl 5'-agctctaal CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 266 2 1 1 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 267 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 268 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 269 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 270 1 I -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 270 2 I I NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 270 3 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 270 4 GGGAAGG-3 GGGAAGG-3 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 270 5 ' ' POS cord-010499-yefxrj30 270 6 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 270 7 5'-GATCCCTTCCCAAAAAAATTAG-3 5'-gatcccttcccaaaaaaattag-3 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 270 8 ' ' '' cord-010499-yefxrj30 270 9 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 1 Bacterial bacterial JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 2 strains strain NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 3 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 4 culture culture NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 5 conditions condition NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 6 were be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 7 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 8 described describe VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 9 previously previously RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 11 Weiss Weiss NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 12 etai etai NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 13 . . NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 14 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 15 1988 1988 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 17 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 18 except except IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 19 that that DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 20 minimal minimal JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 21 glucose glucose NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 22 - - : cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 23 M63 M63 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 24 medium medium NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 25 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 26 supplemented supplement VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 27 only only RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 28 with with IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 29 isoleucine isoleucine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 30 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 31 valine valine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 32 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 33 addition addition NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 34 to to IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 35 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 36 strains strain NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 37 ' ' POS cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 38 growth growth NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 39 requirements requirement NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 271 40 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 272 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 272 2 lacZ lacZ NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 272 3 plasmids plasmid NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 272 4 were be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 272 5 kept keep VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 272 6 under under IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 272 7 selection selection NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 272 8 through through IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 272 9 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 272 10 presence presence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 272 11 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 272 12 1mgml 1mgml CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 272 13 ^ ^ . cord-010499-yefxrj30 272 14 carbenicillin carbenicillin NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 272 15 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 273 1 tn tn NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 273 2 most most JJS cord-010499-yefxrj30 273 3 experiments experiment NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 273 4 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 274 1 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 274 2 host host NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 274 3 cells cell NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 274 4 also also RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 274 5 carried carry VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 274 6 pPYIOII pPYIOII NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 274 7 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 274 8 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 274 9 compatible compatible JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 274 10 plasmid plasmid NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 274 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 274 12 spectinomycin spectinomycin NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 274 13 resistant resistant JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 274 14 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 274 15 streptomycin streptomycin NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 274 16 resistant resistant JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 274 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 274 18 carrying carry VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 274 19 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 274 20 complete complete JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 274 21 lacl'^ lacl'^ NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 274 22 gene gene NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 274 23 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 1 Selection selection NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 2 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 3 this this DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 4 plasmid plasmid NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 5 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 6 maintained maintain VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 7 through through IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 8 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 9 presence presence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 10 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 11 50|igmr 50|igmr NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 12 ' ' POS cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 13 ' ' '' cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 14 spectinomycin spectinomycin NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 15 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 16 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 17 overnight overnight JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 18 cultures culture NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 19 used use VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 20 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 21 inoculate inoculate VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 22 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 23 experimental experimental JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 24 cultures culture NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 25 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 26 but but CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 27 spectinomycin spectinomycin NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 28 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 29 not not RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 30 present present JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 31 during during IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 32 induction induction NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 33 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 34 lacZ. lacZ. NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 35 Cell cell NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 36 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 37 free free JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 38 extracts extract NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 39 were be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 40 made make VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 41 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 42 resuspending resuspend VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 43 cells cell NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 44 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 45 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 46 final final JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 47 protein protein NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 48 concentration concentration NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 49 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 50 1 1 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 51 -2 -2 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 52 mg mg NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 53 ml ml NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 54 " " `` cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 55 \ \ NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 56 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 57 sonicating sonicate VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 58 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 59 20 20 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 60 s s NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 61 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 62 ice ice NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 63 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 64 water water NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 65 temperature temperature NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 66 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 67 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 68 Braunsonic Braunsonic NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 69 1510 1510 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 70 instrument instrument NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 71 ; ; : cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 72 cell cell NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 73 debris debris NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 74 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 75 centriiuged centriiuge VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 76 out out RP cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 77 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 78 26000 26000 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 79 x x SYM cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 80 g g NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 81 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 82 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 83 Sorvaii Sorvaii NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 84 refrigerated refrigerate VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 85 centrifuge centrifuge NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 275 86 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 276 1 Beta beta JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 276 2 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 276 3 galactosidase galactosidase NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 276 4 activity activity NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 276 5 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 276 6 measured measure VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 276 7 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 276 8 incubating incubate VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 276 9 up up IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 276 10 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 276 11 50 50 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 276 12 MI MI NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 276 13 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 276 14 extract extract NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 276 15 with with IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 276 16 250 250 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 276 17 iil iil NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 276 18 ONPG ONPG NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 276 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 276 20 0.8mgml 0.8mgml : cord-010499-yefxrj30 276 21 ' ' '' cord-010499-yefxrj30 276 22 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 276 23 50 50 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 276 24 mM mm CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 276 25 sodium sodium NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 276 26 phosphate phosphate NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 276 27 buffer buffer NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 276 28 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 277 1 pH pH NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 277 2 7.0 7.0 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 277 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 277 4 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 277 5 room room NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 277 6 temperature temperature NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 277 7 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 277 8 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 277 9 monitoring monitor VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 277 10 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 277 11 accumulation accumulation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 277 12 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 277 13 o o NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 277 14 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 277 15 nitrophenol nitrophenol NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 277 16 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 277 17 A420 A420 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 277 18 using use VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 277 19 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 277 20 continuously continuously RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 277 21 recording record VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 277 22 Gilford Gilford NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 277 23 2400 2400 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 277 24 - - SYM cord-010499-yefxrj30 277 25 2 2 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 277 26 spectrophotomer spectrophotomer NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 277 27 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 278 1 One one CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 278 2 enzyme enzyme NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 278 3 unit unit NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 278 4 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 278 5 defined define VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 278 6 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 278 7 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 278 8 amount amount NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 278 9 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 278 10 enzyme enzyme NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 278 11 required require VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 278 12 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 278 13 produce produce VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 278 14 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 278 15 change change NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 278 16 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 278 17 absorbance absorbance NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 278 18 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 278 19 one one CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 278 20 per per IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 278 21 minute minute NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 278 22 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 279 1 Protein protein NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 279 2 concentrations concentration NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 279 3 were be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 279 4 determined determine VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 279 5 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 279 6 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 279 7 method method NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 279 8 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 279 9 Lowry Lowry NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 279 10 et et NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 279 11 al al NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 279 12 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 280 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 280 2 1951 1951 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 280 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 280 4 using use VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 280 5 egg egg NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 280 6 albumin albumin NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 280 7 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 280 8 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 280 9 protein protein NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 280 10 standard standard NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 280 11 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 1 Differential differential JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 2 rates rate NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 3 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 4 enzyme enzyme NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 5 units unit NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 6 per per IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 7 mg mg NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 8 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 9 protein protein NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 10 were be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 11 computed compute VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 12 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 13 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 14 period period NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 15 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 16 Induction Induction NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 18 approximately approximately RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 19 one one CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 20 doubling double VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 21 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 22 2mM 2mm CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 23 IPTG IPTG NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 24 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 25 2.5 2.5 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 26 mM mm CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 27 cAMP camp NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 29 with with IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 30 or or CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 31 without without IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 32 growth growth NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 33 limitation limitation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 35 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 36 indicated indicate VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 281 38 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 282 1 Purification purification NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 282 2 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 282 3 0-galactosidase 0-galactosidase CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 282 4 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 282 5 immunoprecipitation immunoprecipitation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 282 6 with with IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 282 7 specific specific JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 282 8 antiserum antiserum NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 282 9 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 282 10 as as IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 282 11 described describe VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 282 12 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 282 13 Gallant Gallant NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 282 14 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 282 15 Lindsiey Lindsiey NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 282 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 282 17 1992 1992 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 282 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-010499-yefxrj30 282 19 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 283 1 N n CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 283 2 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 283 3 terminal terminal NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 283 4 amino amino NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 283 5 acid acid NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 283 6 analysis analysis NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 283 7 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 283 8 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 283 9 purified purify VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 283 10 protein protein NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 283 11 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 283 12 performed perform VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 283 13 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 283 14 automated automate VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 283 15 Edman Edman NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 283 16 degradation degradation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 283 17 on on IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 283 18 Applied Applied NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 283 19 Biosystems Biosystems NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 283 20 477 477 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 284 1 A a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 284 2 pulsed pulse VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 284 3 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 284 4 liquid liquid NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 284 5 phase phase NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 284 6 sequencer sequencer NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 284 7 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 284 8 470 470 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 284 9 A a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 284 10 gas gas NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 284 11 phase phase NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 284 12 sequencer sequencer NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 284 13 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 284 14 University University NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 284 15 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 284 16 Illinois Illinois NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 284 17 Biotechnology Biotechnology NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 284 18 Center Center NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 284 19 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 284 20 University University NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 284 21 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 284 22 California California NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 284 23 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 284 24 Riverside Riverside NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 284 25 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 285 1 Data datum NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 285 2 were be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 285 3 analysed analyse VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 285 4 using use VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 285 5 Applied Applied NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 285 6 Biosystems Biosystems NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 285 7 software software NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 285 8 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 285 9 background background NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 285 10 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 285 11 lag lag VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 285 12 correction correction NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 285 13 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 1 Low low JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 2 activity activity NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 3 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 4 p p NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 5 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 6 galactosidase galactosidase NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 7 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 8 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 9 mutants mutant NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 10 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 11 Escherichia Escherichia NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 12 coii coii VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 13 Normal normal JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 14 tRNAs trna NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 15 promote promote VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 16 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 17 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 18 Characterization characterization NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 19 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 20 an an DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 21 efficient efficient JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 22 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 23 ribosomal ribosomal NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 24 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 25 signal signal NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 26 : : : cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 27 requirement requirement NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 28 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 29 an an DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 30 RNA RNA NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 31 pseudoknot pseudoknot NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 32 tRNA tRNA NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 33 anticodon anticodon NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 34 replacement replacement NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 35 experiments experiment NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 36 show show VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 37 that that IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 38 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 39 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 40 can can MD cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 41 be be VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 42 caused cause VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 43 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 44 doublet doublet NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 45 decoding decode VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 46 Synthetic synthetic JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 47 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 48 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 49 amino amino NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 50 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 51 phydroxycaproic phydroxycaproic NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 286 52 acids acid NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 287 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 287 2 Stringent stringent JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 287 3 Response response NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 288 1 How how WRB cord-010499-yefxrj30 288 2 ' ' `` cord-010499-yefxrj30 288 3 hidden hide VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 288 4 ' ' '' cord-010499-yefxrj30 288 5 reading reading NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 288 6 frames frame NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 288 7 are be VBP cord-010499-yefxrj30 288 8 expressed express VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 288 9 Efficient efficient JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 288 10 translational translational JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 288 11 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 288 12 occurs occur VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 288 13 within within IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 288 14 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 288 15 conserved conserved JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 288 16 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 288 17 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 288 18 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 288 19 overlap overlap NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 288 20 between between IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 288 21 two two CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 288 22 genes gene NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 288 23 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 288 24 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 288 25 yeast yeast NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 288 26 Tyl Tyl NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 288 27 transposon transposon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 288 28 Translational translational JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 289 1 frameshifting frameshifting NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 290 1 : : : cord-010499-yefxrj30 290 2 where where WRB cord-010499-yefxrj30 290 3 will will MD cord-010499-yefxrj30 290 4 it -PRON- PRP cord-010499-yefxrj30 290 5 stop stop VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 290 6 ? ? . cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 1 Bacterial bacterial JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 2 peptide peptide NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 3 chain chain NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 4 release release NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 5 factors factor NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 6 : : : cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 7 conserved conserved JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 8 primary primary JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 9 structure structure NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 10 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 11 possible possible JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 12 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 13 regulation regulation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 14 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 15 release release NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 16 factor factor NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 17 2 2 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 18 Use Use NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 19 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 20 tRNA trna NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 21 suppressors suppressor NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 22 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 23 probe probe VB cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 24 regulation regulation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 25 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 26 Escherichia Escherichia NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 27 coli coli NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 28 release release NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 29 factor factor NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 30 2 2 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 31 Mechanism Mechanism NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 32 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 33 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 34 rel rel NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 35 defect defect NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 36 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 37 beta beta JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 38 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 39 galactosidase galactosidase NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 291 40 synthesis synthesis NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 292 1 Stringent stringent JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 292 2 Control Control NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 292 3 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 292 4 E. E. NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 292 5 coli coli NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 293 1 On on IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 293 2 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 293 3 causes cause NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 293 4 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 293 5 prevention prevention NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 293 6 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 293 7 mistranslation mistranslation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 293 8 Leftward Leftward NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 293 9 ribosome ribosome NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 293 10 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 293 11 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 293 12 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 293 13 hungry hungry JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 293 14 codon codon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 294 1 Some some DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 294 2 puzzle puzzle NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 294 3 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 294 4 translational translational JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 294 5 accuracy accuracy NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 294 6 Regulation regulation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 294 7 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 294 8 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 294 9 expression expression NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 294 10 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 294 11 aminoacyl aminoacyl NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 294 12 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 294 13 tRNA trna NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 294 14 synthetases synthetase NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 294 15 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 294 16 translation translation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 294 17 factors factor NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 2 where where WRB cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 3 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 4 what what WP cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 5 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 6 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 7 how how WRB cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 8 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 9 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 10 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 11 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 12 retroviral retroviral JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 13 protein protein NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 14 synthesis synthesis NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 15 Automated automate VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 16 amino amino NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 17 acid acid NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 18 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 19 assignment assignment NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 20 : : : cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 21 Development development NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 22 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 23 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 24 fully fully RB cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 25 automated automate VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 26 protein protein NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 27 sequencer sequencer NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 28 using use VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 29 edman edman NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 30 degradation degradation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 31 Signals signal NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 32 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 33 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 34 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 35 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 36 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 37 Rous rous JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 38 sarcoma sarcoma NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 39 virus virus NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 40 gag gag NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 41 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 42 po po NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 43 / / SYM cord-010499-yefxrj30 295 44 region region NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 296 1 Characterization characterization NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 296 2 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 296 3 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 296 4 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 296 5 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 296 6 HIV-1 HIV-1 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 296 7 gag gag NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 296 8 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 296 9 poi poi NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 296 10 expression expression NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 296 11 On on IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 296 12 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 296 13 role role NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 296 14 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 296 15 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 296 16 P p NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 296 17 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 296 18 site site NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 296 19 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 296 20 leftward leftward JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 296 21 ribosome ribosome NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 296 22 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 296 23 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 296 24 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 296 25 hungry hungry JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 296 26 codon codon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 2 secret secret JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 3 life life NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 4 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 5 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 6 ribosome ribosome NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 7 Transcription Transcription NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 8 Attenuation Attenuation NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 9 On on IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 10 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 11 directional directional JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 12 specificity specificity NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 13 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 14 ribosome ribosome NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 15 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 16 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 17 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 18 hungry hungry JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 19 codon codon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 20 Protein Protein NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 21 measurement measurement NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 22 with with IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 23 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 24 Folin Folin NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 25 phenol phenol NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 26 reagent reagent NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 27 Signals signal NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 28 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 29 expression expression NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 30 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 31 HIV HIV NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 32 pol pol NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 33 gene gene NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 34 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 35 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 36 frameshifting frameshifting NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 297 37 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 298 1 In in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 298 2 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 298 3 Control Control NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 298 4 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 298 5 Human Human NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 298 6 Retroviral Retroviral NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 298 7 Gene Gene NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 298 8 Expression Expression NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 298 9 Errors Errors NNPS cord-010499-yefxrj30 298 10 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 298 11 alternatives alternative NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 298 12 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 298 13 reading read VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 298 14 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 298 15 universal universal JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 298 16 genetic genetic JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 298 17 code code NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 298 18 Context context NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 298 19 rules rule NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 298 20 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 298 21 rightward rightward JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 298 22 overiapping overiapping JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 298 23 reading reading NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 298 24 In in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 298 25 vivo vivo NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 298 26 role role NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 298 27 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 298 28 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 298 29 relA relA NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 299 1 * * NFP cord-010499-yefxrj30 299 2 gene gene NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 299 3 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 299 4 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 299 5 regulation regulation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 299 6 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 299 7 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 299 8 /ac /ac CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 299 9 operon operon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 299 10 Positive positive JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 299 11 control control NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 299 12 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 299 13 lac lac NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 299 14 operon operon NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 299 15 expression expression NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 299 16 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 299 17 vitro vitro FW cord-010499-yefxrj30 299 18 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 299 19 guanosine guanosine NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 299 20 5'-diphosphate 5'-diphosphate CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 300 1 3'-diphosphate 3'-diphosphate CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 301 1 Complete complete JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 301 2 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 301 3 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 301 4 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 301 5 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 301 6 AIDS AIDS NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 301 7 virus virus NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 301 8 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 301 9 HTLV HTLV NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 301 10 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 301 11 III III NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 302 1 The the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 302 2 pUC pUC NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 302 3 plasmids plasmid NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 302 4 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 302 5 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 302 6 M13mp7 M13mp7 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 302 7 derived derive VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 302 8 system system NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 302 9 for for IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 302 10 insertion insertion NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 302 11 mutagenesis mutagenesis NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 302 12 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 302 13 sequencing sequence VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 302 14 with with IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 302 15 synthetic synthetic JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 302 16 universal universal JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 302 17 primers primer NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 302 18 Mechanism Mechanism NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 302 19 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 302 20 ribosome ribosome NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 302 21 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 302 22 during during IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 302 23 translation translation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 302 24 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 302 25 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 302 26 genetic genetic JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 302 27 code code NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 303 1 Frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 303 2 suppression suppression NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 303 3 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 303 4 aminoacyl aminoacyl NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 303 5 - - HYPH cord-010499-yefxrj30 303 6 tRNA trna NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 303 7 limited limited JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 303 8 cells cell NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 303 9 Slippery slippery JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 303 10 runs run NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 303 11 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 303 12 shifty shifty JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 303 13 stops stop NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 303 14 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 303 15 backward backward JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 303 16 steps step NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 303 17 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 303 18 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 303 19 forward forward JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 303 20 hops hop NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 303 21 : : : cord-010499-yefxrj30 304 1 -2 -2 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 304 2 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 305 1 -1 -1 CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 305 2 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 305 3 +1 +1 XX cord-010499-yefxrj30 305 4 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 305 5 +2 +2 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 305 6 , , , cord-010499-yefxrj30 305 7 -i-5 -i-5 ADD cord-010499-yefxrj30 305 8 . . . cord-010499-yefxrj30 306 1 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 306 2 +6 +6 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 306 3 ribosomal ribosomal NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 306 4 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 306 5 On on IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 306 6 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 306 7 mechanism mechanism NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 306 8 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 306 9 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 306 10 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 306 11 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 307 1 hungry hungry JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 307 2 codons codon NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 307 3 E. E. NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 307 4 coli coli NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 307 5 ribosomes ribosome NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 307 6 re re NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 307 7 - - NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 307 8 phase phase NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 308 1 on on IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 308 2 retroviral retroviral JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 308 3 frameshift frameshift NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 308 4 signals signal NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 308 5 at at IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 308 6 rates rate NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 308 7 ranging range VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 308 8 from from IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 308 9 2 2 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 308 10 to to TO cord-010499-yefxrj30 308 11 50 50 CD cord-010499-yefxrj30 308 12 percent percent NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 308 13 HIV HIV NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 308 14 expression expression NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 308 15 strategies strategy NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 309 1 : : : cord-010499-yefxrj30 309 2 ribosomal ribosomal JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 309 3 frameshifting frameshifte VBG cord-010499-yefxrj30 309 4 is be VBZ cord-010499-yefxrj30 309 5 directed direct VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 309 6 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 309 7 a a DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 309 8 short short JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 309 9 sequence sequence NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 309 10 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 309 11 both both DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 309 12 mammalian mammalian JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 309 13 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 309 14 yeast yeast NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 309 15 systems system NNS cord-010499-yefxrj30 309 16 Differential differential JJ cord-010499-yefxrj30 309 17 sensitivity sensitivity NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 309 18 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 309 19 gene gene NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 309 20 expression expression NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 309 21 in in IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 309 22 vitroio vitroio NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 309 23 inhibitation inhibitation NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 309 24 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 309 25 DNA DNA NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 310 1 gyrase gyrase NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 311 1 This this DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 311 2 work work NN cord-010499-yefxrj30 311 3 was be VBD cord-010499-yefxrj30 311 4 supported support VBN cord-010499-yefxrj30 311 5 by by IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 311 6 Grant Grant NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 311 7 GM13626 GM13626 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 311 8 and and CC cord-010499-yefxrj30 311 9 from from IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 311 10 Grant Grant NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 311 11 GM07735 GM07735 NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 311 12 from from IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 311 13 the the DT cord-010499-yefxrj30 311 14 National National NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 311 15 Institutes Institutes NNPS cord-010499-yefxrj30 311 16 of of IN cord-010499-yefxrj30 311 17 Health Health NNP cord-010499-yefxrj30 311 18 . . .