id sid tid token lemma pos cord-026340-2nf97zvc 1 1 key key JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 1 2 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 1 3 cord-026340 cord-026340 NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 1 4 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 1 5 2nf97zvc 2nf97zvc CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 1 6 authors author NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 1 7 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 1 8 Singh Singh NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 1 9 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 1 10 Ranjana Ranjana NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 1 11 ; ; : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 1 12 Vijayan Vijayan NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 1 13 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 1 14 Viji Viji NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 2 1 title title NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 2 2 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 2 3 Chloroquine chloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 2 4 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 2 5 A a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 2 6 Potential Potential NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 2 7 Drug drug NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 2 8 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 2 9 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 2 10 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 2 11 Scenario Scenario NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 2 12 date date NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 2 13 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 2 14 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 2 15 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 2 16 06 06 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 2 17 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 2 18 07 07 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 2 19 journal journal NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 2 20 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 3 1 Trans Trans NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 3 2 Indian Indian NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 3 3 Natl Natl NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 4 1 DOI DOI NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 4 2 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 4 3 10.1007 10.1007 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 4 4 / / SYM cord-026340-2nf97zvc 4 5 s41403 s41403 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 4 6 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 4 7 020 020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 4 8 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 4 9 00114-w 00114-w CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 4 10 sha sha NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 4 11 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 5 1 198713320dd98ad521ef6558725f922a4d9b8a87 198713320dd98ad521ef6558725f922a4d9b8a87 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 5 2 doc_id doc_id CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 5 3 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 6 1 26340 26340 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 6 2 cord_uid cord_uid NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 6 3 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 7 1 2nf97zvc 2nf97zvc CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 7 2 Today today NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 7 3 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 7 4 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 7 5 whole whole JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 7 6 world world NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 7 7 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 7 8 fighting fight VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 7 9 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 7 10 public public JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 7 11 health health NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 7 12 emergency emergency NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 7 13 called call VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 7 14 ‘ ' `` cord-026340-2nf97zvc 7 15 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 7 16 ’ ' '' cord-026340-2nf97zvc 7 17 caused cause VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 7 18 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 7 19 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 7 20 new new JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 7 21 infectious infectious JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 7 22 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 7 23 called call VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 7 24 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 7 25 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 7 26 CoV2 CoV2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 7 27 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 8 1 Any any DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 8 2 person person NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 8 3 can can MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 8 4 catch catch VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 8 5 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 8 6 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 8 7 an an DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 8 8 infected infected JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 8 9 person person NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 8 10 via via IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 8 11 aerosol aerosol NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 8 12 droplets droplet NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 8 13 when when WRB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 8 14 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 8 15 person person NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 8 16 coughs cough VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 8 17 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 8 18 sneezes sneeze VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 8 19 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 8 20 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 8 21 speaks speak VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 8 22 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 1 To to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 2 limit limit VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 3 such such PDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 4 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 5 transmission transmission NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 6 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 7 World World NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 8 Health Health NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 9 Organization Organization NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 11 WHO who WP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 13 has have VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 14 recommended recommend VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 15 people people NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 16 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 17 wear wear VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 18 masks mask NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 19 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 20 physically physically RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 21 distance distance VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 22 themselves -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 23 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 24 staying stay VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 25 at at RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 26 least least JJS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 27 1 1 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 28 m m NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 30 3 3 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 31 feet foot NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 33 away away RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 34 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 35 others other NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 9 36 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 1 As as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 2 aerosol aerosol NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 3 droplets droplet NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 4 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 5 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 6 cough cough NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 7 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 8 sneeze sneeze VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 10 land land NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 11 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 12 objects object NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 13 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 14 surfaces surface NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 15 around around IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 16 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 17 person person NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 18 such such JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 19 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 20 tables table NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 21 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 22 doorknobs doorknob NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 23 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 24 handrails handrail NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 25 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 26 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 27 remain remain VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 28 active active JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 29 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 30 these these DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 31 surfaces surface NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 32 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 33 hours hour NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 34 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 35 days day NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 36 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 37 people people NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 38 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 39 advised advise VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 40 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 41 use use VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 42 soaps soap NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 43 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 44 at at RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 45 least least RBS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 46 20 20 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 47 s. s. NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 48 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 49 alcohol alcohol NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 50 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 51 based base VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 52 sanitizers sanitizer NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 53 as as RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 54 well well RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 10 55 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 1 As as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 2 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 3 public public NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 4 made make VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 5 efforts effort NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 6 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 7 clinicians clinician NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 8 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 9 researchers researcher NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 10 investigated investigate VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 11 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 12 found find VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 13 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 14 drugs drug NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 15 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 16 were be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 17 initially initially RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 18 used use VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 19 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 20 treat treat VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 21 other other JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 22 diseases disease NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 23 may may MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 24 work work VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 25 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 26 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 27 treatment treatment NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 28 option option NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 29 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 30 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 11 31 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 12 1 One one CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 12 2 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 12 3 those those DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 12 4 drugs drug NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 12 5 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 12 6 Chloroquine Chloroquine NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 12 7 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 12 8 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 12 9 related related JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 12 10 derivative derivative NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 12 11 called call VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 12 12 hydroxychloroquine hydroxychloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 12 13 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 1 In in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 2 this this DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 3 review review NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 4 article article NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 5 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 6 we -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 7 have have VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 8 systematically systematically RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 9 searched search VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 10 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 11 details detail NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 12 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 13 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 14 pandemic pandemic NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 15 till till IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 16 May May NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 17 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 18 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 19 assembled assemble VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 20 few few JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 21 data datum NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 22 pertaining pertain VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 23 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 25 i i NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 27 Corona Corona NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 28 viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 29 ; ; , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 31 ii ii NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 13 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 14 1 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 14 2 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 14 3 CoV2 CoV2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 14 4 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 14 5 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 14 6 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 14 7 that that WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 14 8 causes cause VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 14 9 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 14 10 ’ ' '' cord-026340-2nf97zvc 14 11 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 14 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 14 13 iii iii NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 14 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 15 1 How how WRB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 15 2 chloroquine chloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 15 3 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 15 4 hydroxychloroquine hydroxychloroquine NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 15 5 mediates mediate VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 15 6 anti anti JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 15 7 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 15 8 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 15 9 effect effect NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 15 10 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 15 11 both both CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 15 12 prophylactic prophylactic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 15 13 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 15 14 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 15 15 setting setting NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 15 16 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 16 1 These these DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 16 2 data datum NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 16 3 have have VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 16 4 been be VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 16 5 acquired acquire VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 16 6 mostly mostly RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 16 7 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 16 8 PubMed PubMed NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 16 9 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 16 10 websites website NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 16 11 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 16 12 WHO WHO NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 16 13 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 16 14 Indian Indian NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 16 15 Council Council NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 16 16 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 16 17 Medical Medical NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 16 18 Research Research NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 16 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 16 20 ICMR ICMR NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 16 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 16 22 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 17 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 17 2 did do VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 17 3 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 17 4 systematic systematic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 17 5 search search NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 17 6 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 17 7 found find VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 17 8 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 17 9 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 17 10 properties property NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 17 11 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 17 12 chloroquine chloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 17 13 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 17 14 very very RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 17 15 much much RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 17 16 essential essential JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 17 17 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 17 18 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 17 19 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 17 20 scenario scenario NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 17 21 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 18 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 18 2 also also RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 18 3 bring bring VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 18 4 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 18 5 you -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 18 6 some some DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 18 7 evidence evidence NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 18 8 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 18 9 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 18 10 anti anti JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 18 11 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 18 12 lysosomal lysosomal JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 18 13 activity activity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 18 14 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 18 15 chloroquine chloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 18 16 may may MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 18 17 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 18 18 increased increase VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 18 19 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 18 20 botanicals botanical NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 18 21 like like IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 18 22 betulinic betulinic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 18 23 acid acid NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 18 24 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 19 1 Viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 19 2 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 19 3 submicroscopic submicroscopic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 19 4 infectious infectious JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 19 5 particles particle NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 19 6 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 19 7 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 19 8 capacity capacity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 19 9 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 19 10 infect infect VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 19 11 bacteria bacteria NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 19 12 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 19 13 algae algae NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 19 14 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 19 15 plants plant NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 19 16 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 19 17 animals animal NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 19 18 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 19 19 humans human NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 19 20 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 20 1 These these DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 20 2 can can MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 20 3 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 20 4 found find VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 20 5 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 20 6 every every DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 20 7 ecosystem ecosystem NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 20 8 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 20 9 earth earth NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 20 10 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 21 1 There there EX cord-026340-2nf97zvc 21 2 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 21 3 numerous numerous JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 21 4 different different JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 21 5 varieties variety NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 21 6 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 21 7 viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 21 8 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 21 9 many many JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 21 10 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 21 11 yet yet RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 21 12 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 21 13 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 21 14 discovered discover VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 21 15 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 22 1 Viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 22 2 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 22 3 different different JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 22 4 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 22 5 other other JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 22 6 living live VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 22 7 organisms organism NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 22 8 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 22 9 these these DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 22 10 require require VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 22 11 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 22 12 host host NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 22 13 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 22 14 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 22 15 reproduce reproduce VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 22 16 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 1 When when WRB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 2 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 3 infects infect VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 4 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 5 host host NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 6 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 8 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 9 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 10 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 11 enters enter VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 12 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 13 living live VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 14 organism organism NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 16 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 17 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 18 host host NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 19 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 20 gets get VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 21 ' ' `` cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 22 enslaved enslave VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 23 ' ' '' cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 24 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 25 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 26 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 27 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 28 synthesizes synthesize VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 29 thousands thousand NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 30 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 31 identical identical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 32 copies copy NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 33 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 34 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 35 original original JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 36 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 23 37 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 24 1 Thereafter thereafter RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 24 2 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 24 3 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 24 4 host host NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 24 5 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 24 6 dies die VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 24 7 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 24 8 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 24 9 process process NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 24 10 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 24 11 releasing release VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 24 12 newly newly RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 24 13 synthesized synthesize VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 24 14 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 24 15 particles particle NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 24 16 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 25 1 A a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 25 2 complete complete JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 25 3 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 25 4 basically basically RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 25 5 exists exist VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 25 6 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 25 7 ' ' `` cord-026340-2nf97zvc 25 8 virions virion NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 25 9 ' ' '' cord-026340-2nf97zvc 25 10 comprising comprising NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 25 11 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 25 12 either either DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 25 13 DNA DNA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 25 14 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 25 15 RNA RNA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 25 16 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 25 17 genetic genetic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 25 18 material material NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 25 19 encased encase VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 25 20 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 25 21 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 25 22 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 25 23 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 25 24 sometimes sometimes RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 25 25 lipid lipid VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 25 26 coat coat NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 25 27 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 26 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 26 2 genetic genetic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 26 3 material material NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 26 4 may may MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 26 5 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 26 6 single single JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 26 7 stranded stranded JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 26 8 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 26 9 double double JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 26 10 stranded strand VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 26 11 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 26 12 linear linear JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 26 13 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 26 14 circular circular JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 26 15 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 27 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 27 2 amount amount NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 27 3 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 27 4 arrangement arrangement NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 27 5 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 27 6 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 27 7 genetic genetic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 27 8 material material NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 27 9 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 27 10 proteins protein NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 27 11 determines determine VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 27 12 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 27 13 shape shape NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 27 14 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 27 15 sizes size NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 27 16 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 27 17 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 27 18 viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 27 19 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 28 1 Viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 28 2 thus thus RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 28 3 have have VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 28 4 complicated complicate VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 28 5 shapes shape NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 28 6 ranging range VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 28 7 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 28 8 helical helical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 28 9 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 28 10 icosahedral icosahedral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 28 11 forms form NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 28 12 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 29 1 How how WRB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 29 2 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 29 3 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 29 4 originated originate VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 29 5 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 29 6 earth earth NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 29 7 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 29 8 still still RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 29 9 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 29 10 mystery mystery NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 29 11 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 29 12 it -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 29 13 has have VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 29 14 been be VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 29 15 thought think VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 29 16 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 29 17 these these DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 29 18 were be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 29 19 formed form VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 29 20 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 29 21 DNA dna NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 29 22 fragments fragment NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 29 23 that that WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 29 24 once once RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 29 25 escaped escape VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 29 26 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 29 27 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 29 28 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 29 29 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 30 1 With with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 30 2 time time NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 30 3 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 30 4 many many JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 30 5 viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 30 6 learned learn VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 30 7 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 30 8 evade evade VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 30 9 host host NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 30 10 immune immune JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 30 11 systems system NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 30 12 via via IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 30 13 efficient efficient JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 30 14 strategies strategy NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 30 15 producing produce VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 30 16 diseases disease NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 30 17 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 30 18 both both DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 30 19 humans human NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 30 20 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 30 21 animals animal NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 30 22 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 31 1 However however RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 31 2 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 31 3 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 31 4 last last JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 31 5 several several JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 31 6 years year NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 31 7 has have VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 31 8 witnessed witness VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 31 9 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 31 10 surge surge NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 31 11 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 31 12 many many JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 31 13 new new JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 31 14 viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 31 15 especially especially RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 31 16 those those DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 31 17 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 31 18 animals animal NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 31 19 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 31 20 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 31 21 process process NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 31 22 called call VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 31 23 zoonosis zoonosis NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 31 24 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 32 1 This this DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 32 2 basically basically RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 32 3 occurred occur VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 32 4 due due IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 32 5 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 32 6 intrusion intrusion NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 32 7 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 32 8 human human JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 32 9 activity activity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 32 10 into into IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 32 11 wildlife wildlife NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 32 12 habitats habitat NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 32 13 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 33 1 An an DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 33 2 example example NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 33 3 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 33 4 Ranjana Ranjana NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 33 5 Singh Singh NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 33 6 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 33 7 Viji Viji NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 33 8 Vijayan Vijayan NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 33 9 have have VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 33 10 contributed contribute VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 33 11 equally equally RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 33 12 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 33 13 this this DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 33 14 work work NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 33 15 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 1 this this DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 2 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 3 deforestation deforestation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 4 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 5 led lead VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 6 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 7 changes change NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 8 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 9 living live VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 10 habitat habitat NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 11 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 12 bats bat NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 13 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 14 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 15 infections infection NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 16 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 17 bats bat NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 18 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 19 other other JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 20 organisms organism NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 21 like like IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 22 palm palm NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 23 civets civet NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 24 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 25 pangolins pangolin NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 26 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 27 camels camel NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 28 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 29 horses horse NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 30 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 31 acted act VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 32 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 33 intermediary intermediary JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 34 hosts host NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 35 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 36 infect infect VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 37 humans human NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 34 38 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 35 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 35 2 increased increased JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 35 3 world world NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 35 4 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 35 5 wide wide JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 35 6 travel travel NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 35 7 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 35 8 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 35 9 reason reason NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 35 10 that that WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 35 11 has have VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 35 12 accelerated accelerate VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 35 13 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 35 14 spread spread NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 35 15 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 35 16 viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 35 17 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 36 1 For for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 36 2 example example NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 36 3 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 36 4 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 36 5 Avian avian JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 36 6 flu flu NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 36 7 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 36 8 H5N1 H5N1 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 36 9 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 36 10 transported transport VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 36 11 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 36 12 Asia Asia NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 36 13 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 36 14 Europe Europe NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 36 15 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 36 16 migratory migratory JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 36 17 birds bird NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 36 18 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 2 AIDS AIDS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 3 pandemic pandemic NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 4 that that WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 5 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 6 induced induce VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 7 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 8 human human JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 9 immunodeficiency immunodeficiency NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 10 viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 12 HIV HIV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 14 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 15 originally originally RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 16 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 17 zoonotic zoonotic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 18 transmission transmission NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 19 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 20 monkeys monkey NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 21 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 22 humans human NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 23 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 24 followed follow VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 25 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 26 efficient efficient JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 27 further further JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 28 distribution distribution NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 29 within within IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 30 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 31 human human JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 32 population population NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 33 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 34 Modrow Modrow NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 35 et et FW cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 36 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 37 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 38 2013 2013 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 37 40 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 38 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 38 2 transmission transmission NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 38 3 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 38 4 such such JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 38 5 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 38 6 can can MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 38 7 occur occur VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 38 8 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 38 9 different different JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 38 10 means mean NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 38 11 like like IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 38 12 vectors vector NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 38 13 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 38 14 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 38 15 droplets droplet NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 38 16 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 38 17 feces fece NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 38 18 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 38 19 blisters blister NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 38 20 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 38 21 mucus mucus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 38 22 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 38 23 sexual sexual JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 38 24 contact contact NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 38 25 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 38 26 etc etc FW cord-026340-2nf97zvc 38 27 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 1 Coronaviruses Coronaviruses NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 3 CoVs CoVs NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 5 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 6 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 7 group group NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 8 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 9 single single RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 10 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 11 stranded strand VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 12 RNA RNA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 13 viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 14 belonging belong VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 15 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 16 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 17 sub sub JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 18 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 19 family family NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 20 called call VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 21 Coronaviridae Coronaviridae NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 22 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 23 together together RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 24 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 25 Torovirinae Torovirinae NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 26 form form NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 27 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 28 Coronaviridae Coronaviridae NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 29 family family NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 30 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 31 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 32 Nidovirales Nidovirales NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 33 order order NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 39 34 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 40 1 These these DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 40 2 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 40 3 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 40 4 largest large JJS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 40 5 known know VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 40 6 RNA rna NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 40 7 viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 40 8 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 40 9 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 40 10 potential potential NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 40 11 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 40 12 infect infect VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 40 13 birds bird NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 40 14 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 40 15 humans human NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 40 16 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 40 17 some some DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 40 18 other other JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 40 19 vertebrates vertebrate NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 40 20 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 41 1 Although although IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 41 2 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 41 3 first first JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 41 4 member member NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 41 5 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 41 6 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 41 7 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 41 8 family family NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 41 9 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 41 10 discovered discover VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 41 11 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 41 12 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 41 13 1930s 1930 NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 41 14 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 41 15 coronaviruses coronaviruse NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 41 16 gained gain VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 41 17 notoriety notoriety NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 41 18 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 41 19 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 41 20 severe severe JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 41 21 acute acute JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 41 22 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 41 23 syndrome syndrome NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 41 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 41 25 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 41 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 41 27 outbreak outbreak NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 41 28 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 41 29 2002 2002 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 42 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 42 2 Belouzard Belouzard NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 42 3 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 42 4 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 42 5 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 42 6 2012 2012 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 42 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 42 8 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 2 International International NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 3 Committee Committee NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 4 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 5 Taxonomy Taxonomy NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 6 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 7 Viruses Viruses NNPS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 9 ICTV ICTV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 11 have have VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 12 segregated segregate VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 13 CoVs CoVs NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 14 into into IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 15 four four CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 16 genera genus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 17 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 18 historically historically RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 19 based base VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 20 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 21 serological serological JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 22 analysis analysis NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 23 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 24 now now RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 25 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 26 genetic genetic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 27 studies study NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 28 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 29 α α NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 30 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 31 β β NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 32 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 33 γ γ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 34 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 35 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 36 δ δ NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 43 37 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 44 1 These these DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 44 2 viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 44 3 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 44 4 enveloped envelop VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 44 5 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 44 6 spherical spherical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 44 7 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 44 8 distinct distinct JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 44 9 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 44 10 appearance appearance NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 44 11 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 44 12 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 44 13 they -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 44 14 possess possess VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 44 15 club club NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 44 16 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 44 17 shaped shape VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 44 18 projections projection NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 44 19 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 44 20 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 44 21 surface surface NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 44 22 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 45 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 45 2 RNA RNA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 45 3 genome genome NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 45 4 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 45 5 these these DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 45 6 viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 45 7 ranges range VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 45 8 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 45 9 26,000 26,000 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 45 10 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 45 11 32,000 32,000 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 45 12 bases basis NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 45 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 45 14 longest long JJS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 45 15 among among IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 45 16 RNA RNA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 45 17 viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 45 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 45 19 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 46 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 46 2 genome genome NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 46 3 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 46 4 packed pack VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 46 5 into into IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 46 6 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 46 7 helical helical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 46 8 nucleocapsid nucleocapsid NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 46 9 surrounded surround VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 46 10 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 46 11 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 46 12 host host NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 46 13 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 46 14 derived derive VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 46 15 lipid lipid NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 46 16 bilayer bilayer NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 46 17 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 47 1 RNA RNA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 47 2 has have VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 47 3 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 47 4 cap cap NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 47 5 structure structure NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 47 6 at at IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 47 7 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 47 8 5′ 5′ CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 47 9 end end NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 47 10 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 47 11 multiple multiple JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 47 12 poly poly NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 47 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 47 14 A a NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 47 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 47 16 tail tail NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 47 17 at at IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 47 18 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 47 19 3′ 3′ CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 47 20 end end NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 47 21 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 48 1 RNA RNA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 48 2 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 48 3 positive positive JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 48 4 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 48 5 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 48 6 hence hence RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 48 7 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 48 8 can can MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 48 9 serve serve VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 48 10 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 48 11 messenger messenger NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 48 12 RNA RNA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 48 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 48 14 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 48 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 48 16 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 48 17 allowing allow VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 48 18 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 48 19 translation translation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 48 20 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 48 21 replicase replicase NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 48 22 / / SYM cord-026340-2nf97zvc 48 23 transcriptase transcriptase NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 48 24 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 48 25 structural structural JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 48 26 proteins protein NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 48 27 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 2 replicase replicase NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 3 / / SYM cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 4 transcriptase transcriptase NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 5 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 6 composed compose VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 7 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 8 two two CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 9 overlapping overlap VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 10 open open JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 11 reading reading NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 12 frames frame NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 14 ORFs ORFs NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 16 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 17 ORF1a ORF1a NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 18 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 19 ORF1b ORF1b NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 20 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 21 encode encode VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 22 16 16 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 23 non non JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 24 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 25 structural structural JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 26 proteins protein NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 27 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 28 4 4 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 29 classical classical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 30 structural structural JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 31 proteins protein NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 32 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 33 viz viz NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 49 34 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 2 i i NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 4 spike spike NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 5 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 7 S S NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 9 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 11 ii ii NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 13 envelope envelope NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 14 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 16 E E NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 18 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 20 iii iii NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 22 membrane membrane NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 23 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 25 M M NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 27 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 28 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 30 iv iv LS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 32 nucleocapsid nucleocapsid NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 33 protein protein NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 35 N N NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 38 Lodish Lodish NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 39 et et FW cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 40 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 41 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 42 2000 2000 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 50 44 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 51 1 M M NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 51 2 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 51 3 E e NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 51 4 proteins protein NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 51 5 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 51 6 involved involve VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 51 7 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 51 8 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 51 9 assembly assembly NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 51 10 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 52 1 S s NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 52 2 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 52 3 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 52 4 leading lead VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 52 5 mediator mediator NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 52 6 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 52 7 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 52 8 entry entry NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 52 9 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 52 10 critical critical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 52 11 player player NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 52 12 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 52 13 determining determine VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 52 14 host host NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 52 15 range range NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 52 16 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 53 1 Modification modification NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 53 2 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 53 3 S S NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 53 4 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 53 5 alters alter VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 53 6 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 53 7 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 53 8 tissue tissue NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 53 9 tropism tropism NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 53 10 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 53 11 association association NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 53 12 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 53 13 other other JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 53 14 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 53 15 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 53 16 host host NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 53 17 factors factor NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 53 18 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 53 19 changes change NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 53 20 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 53 21 host host NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 53 22 pathogenicity pathogenicity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 53 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 53 24 Belouzard Belouzard NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 53 25 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 53 26 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 53 27 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 53 28 2012 2012 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 53 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 53 30 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 54 1 CoVs CoVs NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 54 2 mainly mainly RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 54 3 cause cause VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 54 4 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 54 5 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 54 6 intestinal intestinal JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 54 7 infections infection NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 54 8 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 54 9 an an DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 54 10 array array NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 54 11 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 54 12 clinical clinical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 54 13 manifestations manifestation NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 54 14 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 55 1 So so RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 55 2 far far RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 55 3 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 55 4 7 7 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 55 5 CoVs CoVs NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 55 6 have have VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 55 7 been be VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 55 8 identified identify VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 55 9 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 55 10 produce produce VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 55 11 infections infection NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 55 12 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 55 13 humans human NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 55 14 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 1 These these DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 2 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 3 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 4 α α NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 5 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 6 type type NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 7 HCoV-229E HCoV-229E NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 8 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 9 HCoV HCoV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 10 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 11 NL63 NL63 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 12 ; ; : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 13 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 14 β β NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 15 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 16 type type NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 17 HCoV HCoV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 18 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 19 HKU1 HKU1 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 20 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 21 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 22 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 23 CoV CoV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 24 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 25 MERS MERS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 26 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 27 CoV CoV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 28 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 29 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 30 HCoV HCoV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 31 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 32 OC43 OC43 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 33 ; ; : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 34 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 35 2019-nCoV 2019-ncov LS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 37 that that WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 38 caused cause VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 39 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 40 present present JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 41 pandemic pandemic NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 56 43 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 1 HCoV-229E HCoV-229E NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 2 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 3 HCoV HCoV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 4 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 5 OC43 OC43 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 6 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 7 HCoV HCoV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 8 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 9 NL63 NL63 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 10 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 11 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 12 HCoV HCoV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 13 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 14 HKU HKU NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 15 were be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 16 mildly mildly RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 17 pathogenic pathogenic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 18 ; ; : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 19 while while IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 20 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 21 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 22 CoV CoV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 23 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 24 Severe severe JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 25 Acute Acute NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 26 Respiratory Respiratory NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 27 Syndrome Syndrome NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 28 CoV cov NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 29 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 30 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 31 MERS MERS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 32 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 33 CoV CoV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 34 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 35 Middle Middle NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 36 East East NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 37 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 38 syndrome syndrome NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 39 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 40 were be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 41 highly highly RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 42 pathogenic pathogenic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 57 43 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 58 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 58 2 highly highly RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 58 3 pathogenic pathogenic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 58 4 CoVs cov NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 58 5 infect infect VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 58 6 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 58 7 lower low JJR cord-026340-2nf97zvc 58 8 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 58 9 tract tract NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 58 10 causing cause VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 58 11 fatal fatal JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 58 12 acute acute JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 58 13 lung lung NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 58 14 injury injury NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 58 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 58 16 ALI ALI NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 58 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 58 18 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 58 19 acute acute JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 58 20 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 58 21 disease disease NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 58 22 syndrome syndrome NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 58 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 58 24 ARDS ARDS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 58 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 58 26 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 59 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 59 2 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 59 3 yet yet RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 59 4 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 59 5 determine determine VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 59 6 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 59 7 severity severity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 59 8 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 59 9 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 59 10 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 59 11 CoV2 CoV2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 60 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 60 2 Abd Abd NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 60 3 El El NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 60 4 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 60 5 Aziz Aziz NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 60 6 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 60 7 Stockand Stockand NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 60 8 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 60 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 60 10 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 61 1 What what WP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 61 2 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 61 3 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 61 4 ? ? . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 62 1 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 62 2 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 62 3 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 62 4 peculiar peculiar JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 62 5 form form NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 62 6 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 62 7 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 62 8 disorder disorder NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 62 9 that that WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 62 10 emerged emerge VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 62 11 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 62 12 2019 2019 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 62 13 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 62 14 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 62 15 business business NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 62 16 hub hub NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 62 17 called call VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 62 18 Wuhan Wuhan NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 62 19 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 62 20 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 62 21 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 62 22 located locate VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 62 23 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 62 24 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 62 25 Hubei Hubei NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 62 26 Province Province NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 62 27 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 62 28 China China NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 62 29 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 63 1 Initially initially RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 63 2 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 63 3 China China NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 63 4 described describe VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 63 5 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 63 6 disease disease NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 63 7 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 63 8 ' ' `` cord-026340-2nf97zvc 63 9 atypical atypical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 63 10 ' ' '' cord-026340-2nf97zvc 63 11 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 63 12 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 63 13 then then RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 63 14 declared declare VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 63 15 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 63 16 causative causative JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 63 17 agent agent NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 63 18 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 63 19 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 63 20 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 63 21 corona corona NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 63 22 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 63 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 63 24 CoV CoV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 63 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 63 26 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 2 Corona Corona NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 3 Study Study NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 4 Group Group NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 5 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 6 CSG CSG NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 8 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 9 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 10 International International NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 11 Committee Committee NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 12 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 13 Taxonomy Taxonomy NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 14 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 15 Viruses Viruses NNPS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 17 ICTV ICTV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 19 after after IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 20 assessing assess VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 21 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 22 etiological etiological JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 23 agent agent NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 24 named name VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 25 it -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 26 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 27 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 28 CoV2 CoV2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 30 Severe severe JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 31 Acute acute JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 32 Respiratory Respiratory NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 33 Syndrome Syndrome NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 34 Corona Corona NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 35 Virus2 Virus2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 37 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 38 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 39 disease disease NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 40 outbreak outbreak NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 41 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 64 42 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 65 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 65 2 Corona Corona NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 65 3 Virus Virus NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 65 4 Disease Disease NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 65 5 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 65 6 Year Year NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 65 7 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 65 8 Identification Identification NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 65 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 65 10 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 66 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 66 2 disease disease NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 66 3 rapidly rapidly RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 66 4 spread spread VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 66 5 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 66 6 more more JJR cord-026340-2nf97zvc 66 7 than than IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 66 8 210 210 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 66 9 countries country NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 66 10 mostly mostly RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 66 11 via via IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 66 12 people people NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 66 13 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 66 14 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 66 15 travel travel NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 66 16 history history NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 66 17 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 67 1 As as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 67 2 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 67 3 26th 26th JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 67 4 April April NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 67 5 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 67 6 approximately approximately RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 67 7 2,80,4796 2,80,4796 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 67 8 deaths death NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 67 9 were be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 67 10 reported report VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 67 11 worldwide worldwide RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 67 12 owing owe VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 67 13 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 67 14 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 67 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 67 16 WHO who WP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 67 17 2020b 2020b CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 67 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 67 19 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 68 1 Characterization characterization NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 68 2 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 68 3 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 68 4 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 68 5 CoV2 CoV2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 68 6 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 68 7 under under IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 68 8 progress progress NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 68 9 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 69 1 How how WRB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 69 2 did do VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 69 3 COVID-19 covid-19 VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 69 4 originate originate VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 69 5 ? ? . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 70 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 70 2 source source NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 70 3 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 70 4 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 70 5 outbreak outbreak NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 70 6 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 70 7 yet yet RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 70 8 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 70 9 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 70 10 determined determine VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 70 11 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 1 Although although IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 2 some some DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 3 preliminary preliminary JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 4 investigations investigation NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 5 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 6 China China NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 7 identified identify VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 8 samples sample NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 9 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 10 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 11 Huanan Huanan NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 12 Seafood Seafood NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 13 Wholesale Wholesale NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 14 Market Market NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 15 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 16 Wuhan Wuhan NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 17 city city NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 18 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 19 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 20 positive positive JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 21 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 22 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 23 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 24 CoV2 CoV2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 25 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 26 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 27 zoonotic zoonotic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 28 source source NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 29 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 30 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 31 outbreak outbreak NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 32 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 33 still still RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 34 ambiguous ambiguous JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 71 35 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 1 All all RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 2 throughout throughout IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 3 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 4 pandemic pandemic NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 5 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 6 it -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 7 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 8 argued argue VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 9 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 10 many many JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 11 researchers researcher NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 12 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 13 bats bat NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 14 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 15 harbor harbor VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 16 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 17 lot lot NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 18 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 19 viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 21 but but CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 22 remain remain VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 23 unaffected unaffected JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 24 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 25 these these DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 27 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 28 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 29 reason reason NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 30 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 31 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 32 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 33 outbreak outbreak NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 72 34 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 1 This this DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 2 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 3 because because IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 4 some some DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 5 bats bat NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 6 called call VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 7 ' ' '' cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 8 intermediate intermediate JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 9 horseshoe horseshoe NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 10 bats bat NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 11 ' ' POS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 13 Rhinolophus Rhinolophus NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 14 affinis affinis NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 16 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 17 Rhinolophidae Rhinolophidae NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 18 family family NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 20 widespread widespread JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 21 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 22 central central JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 23 China China NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 24 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 25 Southeast Southeast NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 26 Asia Asia NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 27 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 28 Indian indian JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 29 subcontinent subcontinent NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 31 carry carry VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 32 bat bat NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 33 corona corona NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 34 viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 35 called call VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 36 BatCoV BatCoV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 73 37 RaTG13 RaTG13 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 74 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 74 2 popular popular JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 74 3 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 74 4 Yunnan Yunnan NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 74 5 Province Province NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 74 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 74 7 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 74 8 96 96 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 74 9 % % NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 74 10 whole whole JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 74 11 genome genome NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 74 12 similarity similarity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 74 13 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 74 14 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 74 15 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 74 16 CoV2 CoV2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 74 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 74 18 Calisher Calisher NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 74 19 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 74 20 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 74 21 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 74 22 2006 2006 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 74 23 ; ; : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 74 24 Zhang Zhang NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 74 25 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 74 26 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 74 27 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 74 28 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 74 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 74 30 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 1 However however RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 2 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 3 direct direct JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 4 transmission transmission NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 5 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 6 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 7 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 8 CoV2 CoV2 NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 9 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 10 these these DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 11 bats bat NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 12 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 13 not not RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 14 considered consider VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 15 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 16 evidences evidence NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 17 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 18 recent recent JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 19 epidemics epidemic NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 20 demonstrate demonstrate VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 21 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 22 efficient efficient JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 23 human human NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 24 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 25 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 26 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 27 human human JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 28 transmissibility transmissibility NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 29 while while IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 30 retaining retain VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 31 high high JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 32 human human JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 33 pathogenicity pathogenicity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 34 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 35 possible possible JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 36 only only RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 37 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 38 involvement involvement NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 39 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 40 an an DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 41 intermediate intermediate JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 42 host host NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 75 43 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 1 According accord VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 2 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 3 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 4 current current JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 5 evidence evidence NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 6 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 7 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 8 isolated isolate VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 9 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 10 Malayan malayan JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 11 Pangolins Pangolins NNPS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 12 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 13 Manis Manis NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 14 javanica javanica NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 16 celled celled JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 17 Pangolin Pangolin NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 18 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 19 CoV CoV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 20 has have VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 21 91.02 91.02 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 22 % % NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 23 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 24 90.55 90.55 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 25 % % NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 26 genetic genetic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 27 similarity similarity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 28 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 29 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 30 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 31 CoV2 CoV2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 32 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 33 BatCoV BatCoV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 34 RaTG13 RaTG13 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 35 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 36 respectively respectively RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 37 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 38 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 39 hence hence RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 40 contemplated contemplate VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 41 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 42 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 43 one one CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 44 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 45 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 46 natural natural JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 47 reservoirs reservoir NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 48 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 49 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 50 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 51 CoV2 CoV2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 76 52 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 77 1 What what WP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 77 2 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 77 3 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 77 4 symptoms symptom NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 77 5 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 77 6 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 77 7 ? ? . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 78 1 For for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 78 2 few few JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 78 3 people people NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 78 4 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 78 5 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 78 6 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 78 7 mild mild JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 78 8 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 78 9 symptoms symptom NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 78 10 like like IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 78 11 fever fever NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 78 12 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 78 13 cough cough NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 78 14 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 78 15 fatigue fatigue NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 78 16 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 78 17 aches ache NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 78 18 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 78 19 nasal nasal NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 78 20 congestion congestion NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 78 21 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 78 22 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 78 23 others other NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 78 24 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 78 25 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 78 26 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 78 27 asymptomatic asymptomatic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 78 28 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 2 severe severe JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 3 stage stage NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 4 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 5 COVID-19 covid-19 NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 6 occurs occur VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 7 when when WRB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 8 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 9 infection infection NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 10 advances advance VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 11 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 12 ARDS ARDS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 13 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 14 multiple multiple JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 15 organ organ NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 16 failure failure NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 17 mainly mainly RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 18 because because IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 19 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 20 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 21 inability inability NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 22 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 23 control control VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 24 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 25 ' ' `` cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 26 cytokine cytokine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 27 storm storm NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 28 ' ' '' cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 29 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 30 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 31 wild wild JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 32 cytokine cytokine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 33 production production NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 34 taking take VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 35 place place NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 36 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 37 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 38 body body NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 79 39 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 80 1 Increased increase VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 80 2 age age NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 80 3 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 80 4 related relate VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 80 5 problems problem NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 80 6 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 80 7 medical medical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 80 8 complications complication NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 80 9 like like IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 80 10 diabetes diabetes NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 80 11 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 80 12 blood blood NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 80 13 pressure pressure NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 80 14 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 80 15 heart heart NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 80 16 diseases disease NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 80 17 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 80 18 observed observe VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 80 19 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 80 20 worsen worsen VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 80 21 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 80 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 80 23 Tisoncik Tisoncik NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 80 24 et et FW cord-026340-2nf97zvc 80 25 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 80 26 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 81 1 2012 2012 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 81 2 ; ; : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 81 3 Abd Abd NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 81 4 El El NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 81 5 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 81 6 Aziz Aziz NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 81 7 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 81 8 Stockand Stockand NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 81 9 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 81 10 ; ; : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 81 11 Wang Wang NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 81 12 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 81 13 Mao Mao NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 81 14 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 81 15 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 81 16 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 82 1 Similarities similarity NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 82 2 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 82 3 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 82 4 - - : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 82 5 CoV1 CoV1 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 82 6 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 82 7 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 82 8 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 82 9 CoV2 CoV2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 82 10 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 83 1 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 83 2 CoV2 CoV2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 83 3 shows show VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 83 4 some some DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 83 5 similarities similarity NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 83 6 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 83 7 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 84 1 CoV. CoV. NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 84 2 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 84 3 CoV CoV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 84 4 originated originate VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 84 5 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 84 6 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 84 7 Guangdong Guangdong NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 84 8 province province NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 84 9 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 84 10 China China NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 84 11 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 84 12 November November NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 84 13 2002 2002 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 84 14 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 85 1 Palm palm NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 85 2 civets civet NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 85 3 were be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 85 4 identified identify VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 85 5 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 85 6 intermediary intermediary JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 85 7 hosts host NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 85 8 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 85 9 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 85 10 CoV2 CoV2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 85 11 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 85 12 contracted contract VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 85 13 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 85 14 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 85 15 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 85 16 bats bat NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 85 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 85 18 Falsey Falsey NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 85 19 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 85 20 Walsh Walsh NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 85 21 2003 2003 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 85 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 85 23 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 1 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 2 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 3 CoV CoV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 4 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 5 however however RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 6 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 7 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 8 more more RBR cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 9 ` ` '' cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 10 severe severe JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 11 than than IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 12 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 13 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 14 produced produce VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 15 influenza influenza NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 16 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 17 like like JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 18 symptoms symptom NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 19 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 20 humans human NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 21 like like IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 22 fever fever NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 23 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 24 myalgia myalgia NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 25 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 26 headache headache NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 27 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 28 diarrhea diarrhea NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 29 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 30 shivering shivering NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 31 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 32 cough cough NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 33 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 34 shortness shortness NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 35 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 36 breath breath NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 86 37 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 1 WHO who WP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 2 described describe VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 3 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 4 epidemic epidemic NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 5 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 6 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 7 serial serial JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 8 killer killer NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 9 that that WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 10 spanned span VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 11 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 12 16th 16th JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 13 November November NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 14 2002 2002 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 15 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 16 5th 5th JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 17 September September NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 18 2003 2003 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 19 affecting affect VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 20 8098 8098 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 21 individuals individual NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 22 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 23 26 26 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 24 different different JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 25 nations nation NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 26 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 27 causing cause VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 28 death death NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 29 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 30 776 776 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 31 people people NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 33 mortality mortality NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 34 rate rate NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 35 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 36 9.6 9.6 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 37 % % NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 39 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 40 WHO who WP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 41 2003 2003 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 87 43 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 88 1 Presently presently RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 88 2 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 88 3 there there EX cord-026340-2nf97zvc 88 4 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 88 5 reports report NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 88 6 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 88 7 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 88 8 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 88 9 CoV2 CoV2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 88 10 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 88 11 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 88 12 undergoing undergo VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 88 13 mutations mutation NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 88 14 similar similar JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 88 15 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 88 16 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 88 17 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 88 18 CoV CoV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 88 19 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 88 20 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 89 1 In in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 89 2 both both DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 89 3 cases case NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 89 4 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 89 5 mutations mutation NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 89 6 have have VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 89 7 occured occur VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 89 8 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 89 9 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 89 10 spike spike NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 89 11 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 89 12 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 1 This this DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 2 glycoprotein glycoprotein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 3 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 4 important important JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 5 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 6 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 7 association association NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 8 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 9 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 10 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 11 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 12 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 13 converting convert VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 14 enzyme-2 enzyme-2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 15 receptors receptor NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 17 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 19 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 20 cells cell NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 21 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 22 lung lung NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 23 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 24 intestine intestine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 25 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 26 liver liver NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 27 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 28 heart heart NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 29 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 30 vascular vascular JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 31 endothelium endothelium NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 32 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 33 testis testis NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 34 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 35 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 36 kidney kidney NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 38 Hamming ham VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 39 et et FW cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 40 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 41 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 42 2004 2004 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 90 44 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 91 1 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 91 2 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 91 3 part part NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 91 4 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 91 5 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 91 6 ' ' `` cord-026340-2nf97zvc 91 7 Renin Renin NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 91 8 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 91 9 Angiotensin Angiotensin NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 91 10 ' ' POS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 91 11 hormonal hormonal JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 91 12 system system NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 91 13 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 91 14 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 91 15 body body NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 91 16 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 92 1 Structural structural JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 92 2 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 92 3 biochemical biochemical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 92 4 studies study NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 92 5 conducted conduct VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 92 6 so so RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 92 7 far far RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 92 8 have have VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 92 9 shown show VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 92 10 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 92 11 S s NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 92 12 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 92 13 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 92 14 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 92 15 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 92 16 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 92 17 comprises comprise VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 92 18 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 92 19 2 2 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 92 20 functional functional JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 92 21 subunits subunit NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 92 22 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 93 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 93 2 i i NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 93 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 2 S1 S1 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 3 subunit subunit NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 4 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 5 receptor receptor NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 6 binding bind VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 7 domain domain NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 8 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 9 responsible responsible JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 10 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 11 binding bind VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 12 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 13 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 14 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 15 host host VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 16 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 17 receptor receptor NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 18 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 20 ii ii NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 22 S2 S2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 23 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 24 responsible responsible JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 25 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 26 fusion fusion NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 27 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 28 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 29 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 30 cellular cellular JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 31 membranes membrane NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 94 32 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 1 Both both DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 2 sub sub NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 3 - - NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 4 units unit NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 5 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 6 separated separate VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 7 but but CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 8 remain remain VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 9 noncovalently noncovalently RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 10 bonded bond VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 11 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 12 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 13 ' ' `` cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 14 pre pre JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 15 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 16 fusion fusion JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 17 conformation conformation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 18 ' ' '' cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 19 stabilized stabilize VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 20 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 21 S1 S1 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 23 Andersen Andersen NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 24 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 25 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 26 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 27 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 28 ; ; : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 29 Walls Walls NNPS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 30 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 31 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 32 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 33 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 95 35 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 1 Although although IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 2 both both DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 3 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 4 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 5 CoV CoV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 6 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 7 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 8 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 9 CoV2 CoV2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 10 viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 11 have have VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 12 been be VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 13 observed observe VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 14 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 15 infect infect VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 16 host host NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 17 cells cell NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 18 via via IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 19 same same JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 20 ACE ace NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 21 receptor receptor NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 22 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 23 there there EX cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 24 have have VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 25 been be VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 26 some some DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 27 differences difference NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 28 noted note VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 29 like like IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 30 an an DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 31 increased increase VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 32 affinity affinity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 33 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 34 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 35 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 36 towards towards IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 37 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 38 receptor receptor NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 39 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 40 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 41 CoV2 CoV2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 96 42 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 1 This this DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 2 has have VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 3 been be VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 4 presumed presume VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 5 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 6 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 7 due due JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 8 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 9 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 10 mutation mutation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 11 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 12 i.e. i.e. FW cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 13 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 14 N501 N501 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 15 T t NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 16 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 17 spike spike NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 18 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 19 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 20 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 21 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 22 CoV2 CoV2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 23 that that WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 24 has have VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 25 somehow somehow RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 26 increased increase VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 27 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 28 binding bind VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 29 affinity affinity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 30 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 31 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 32 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 97 33 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 98 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 98 2 Andersen Andersen NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 98 3 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 98 4 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 98 5 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 98 6 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 98 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 98 8 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 99 1 Very very RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 99 2 recent recent JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 99 3 reports report NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 99 4 demonstrate demonstrate VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 99 5 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 99 6 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 99 7 S1 S1 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 99 8 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 99 9 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 99 10 Pangolin Pangolin NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 99 11 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 99 12 CoV CoV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 99 13 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 99 14 similar similar JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 99 15 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 99 16 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 99 17 CoV2 CoV2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 99 18 than than IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 99 19 RaTG13 RaTG13 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 99 20 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 1 There there EX cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 2 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 3 evidence evidence NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 4 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 5 5 5 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 6 key key JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 7 amino amino NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 8 acid acid NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 9 residues residue NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 10 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 11 spike spike NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 12 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 13 that that WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 14 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 15 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 16 interaction interaction NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 17 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 18 human human JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 19 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 20 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 21 consistent consistent JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 22 between between IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 23 Pangolin Pangolin NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 24 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 25 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 26 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 27 CoV2 CoV2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 28 ; ; : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 29 while while IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 30 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 31 only only RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 32 4 4 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 33 amino amino NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 34 acid acid NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 35 mutations mutation NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 36 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 37 present present JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 38 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 39 RaTG13 RaTG13 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 100 40 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 101 1 Nonetheless nonetheless RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 101 2 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 101 3 both both DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 101 4 Pangolin Pangolin NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 101 5 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 101 6 CoV CoV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 101 7 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 101 8 RaTG12 RaTG12 NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 101 9 have have VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 101 10 lost lose VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 101 11 putative putative JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 101 12 furin furin NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 101 13 recognition recognition NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 101 14 at at IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 101 15 S1 S1 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 101 16 / / SYM cord-026340-2nf97zvc 101 17 S2 S2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 101 18 cleavage cleavage NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 101 19 site site NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 101 20 that that WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 101 21 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 101 22 seen see VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 101 23 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 101 24 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 101 25 CoV2 CoV2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 101 26 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 102 1 These these DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 102 2 data datum NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 102 3 emerge emerge VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 102 4 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 102 5 findings finding NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 102 6 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 102 7 Liu Liu NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 102 8 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 102 9 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 102 10 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 2 2019 2019 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 4 who who WP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 5 detected detect VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 6 corona corona NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 7 viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 8 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 9 lung lung NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 10 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 11 infected infect VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 12 samples sample NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 13 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 14 dead dead JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 15 Malayan malayan JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 16 pangolins pangolin NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 17 along along IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 18 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 19 Sendai Sendai NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 20 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 21 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 22 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 23 Guangdong Guangdong NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 24 wildlife wildlife NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 25 rescue rescue NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 26 center center NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 27 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 28 China China NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 29 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 30 showed show VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 31 low low JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 32 identities identity NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 33 ranging range VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 34 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 35 80.24 80.24 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 36 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 37 88.93 88.93 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 38 % % NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 39 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 40 known know VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 41 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 42 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 103 43 CoV. CoV. NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 104 1 What what WP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 104 2 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 104 3 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 104 4 possible possible JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 104 5 ways way NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 104 6 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 104 7 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 104 8 CoV2 CoV2 NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 104 9 infect infect VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 104 10 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 104 11 host host NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 104 12 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 104 13 ? ? . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 105 1 From from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 105 2 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 105 3 available available JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 105 4 data datum NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 105 5 we -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 105 6 have have VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 105 7 concise concise JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 105 8 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 105 9 information information NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 105 10 pertaining pertain VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 105 11 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 105 12 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 105 13 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 105 14 CoV2 cov2 NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 105 15 infection infection NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 105 16 into into IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 105 17 host host NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 105 18 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 105 19 that that WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 105 20 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 105 21 depicted depict VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 105 22 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 105 23 Fig Fig NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 105 24 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 106 1 1 1 LS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 106 2 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 107 1 Step step NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 107 2 1 1 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 107 3 Entry Entry NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 107 4 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 107 5 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 1 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 2 Viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 3 entry entry NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 4 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 5 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 6 fine fine JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 7 interplay interplay NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 8 between between IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 9 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 10 virion virion NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 11 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 12 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 13 host host NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 14 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 15 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 16 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 17 initiated initiate VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 18 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 19 association association NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 20 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 21 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 22 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 23 particle particle NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 24 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 25 specific specific JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 26 proteins protein NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 27 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 28 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 29 host host NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 30 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 31 surface surface NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 108 32 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 109 1 Thereafter thereafter RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 109 2 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 109 3 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 109 4 enveloped envelop VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 109 5 viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 109 6 fuse fuse VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 109 7 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 109 8 envelope envelope NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 109 9 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 109 10 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 109 11 host host NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 109 12 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 109 13 membrane membrane NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 109 14 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 109 15 deliver deliver VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 109 16 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 109 17 nucleocapsid nucleocapsid NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 109 18 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 109 19 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 109 20 host host NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 109 21 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 109 22 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 110 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 110 2 S S NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 110 3 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 110 4 plays play VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 110 5 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 110 6 dual dual JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 110 7 role role NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 110 8 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 110 9 this this DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 110 10 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 110 11 entry entry NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 110 12 process process NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 110 13 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 110 14 mediating mediate VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 110 15 receptor receptor NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 110 16 binding binding NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 110 17 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 110 18 membrane membrane NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 110 19 fusion fusion NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 110 20 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 110 21 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 110 22 involves involve VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 110 23 large large JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 110 24 conformational conformational JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 110 25 changes change NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 110 26 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 110 27 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 110 28 S S NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 110 29 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 110 30 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 111 1 During during IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 111 2 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 111 3 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 111 4 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 111 5 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 111 6 CoV2 CoV2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 111 7 S s NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 111 8 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 111 9 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 111 10 binds bind VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 111 11 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 111 12 host host VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 111 13 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 111 14 's 's POS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 111 15 receptor receptor NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 111 16 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 112 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 112 2 Belouzard Belouzard NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 112 3 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 112 4 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 112 5 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 113 1 2012 2012 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 113 2 ; ; : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 113 3 Andersen Andersen NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 113 4 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 113 5 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 113 6 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 114 1 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 114 2 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 115 1 Step step NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 115 2 2 2 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 116 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 116 2 activation activation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 116 3 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 116 4 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 116 5 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 116 6 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 117 1 Endosomal Endosomal NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 117 2 pH pH NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 117 3 acidification acidification NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 117 4 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 117 5 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 117 6 fusion fusion NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 117 7 trigger trigger NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 117 8 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 117 9 corona corona NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 117 10 viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 117 11 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 117 12 those those DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 117 13 like like IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 117 14 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 117 15 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 117 16 CoV CoV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 117 17 rely rely VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 117 18 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 117 19 endosomal endosomal NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 117 20 proteases protease NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 117 21 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 117 22 productive productive JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 117 23 entry entry NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 117 24 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 118 1 As as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 118 2 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 118 3 enters enter VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 118 4 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 118 5 host host NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 118 6 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 118 7 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 118 8 it -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 118 9 moves move VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 118 10 through through IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 118 11 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 118 12 early early JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 118 13 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 118 14 late late JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 118 15 endosomes endosome NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 118 16 that that WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 118 17 have have VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 118 18 low low JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 118 19 pH. ph. NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 119 1 In in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 119 2 ' ' `` cord-026340-2nf97zvc 119 3 early early JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 119 4 ' ' '' cord-026340-2nf97zvc 119 5 endosome endosome NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 119 6 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 119 7 host host NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 119 8 proteases protease NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 119 9 like like IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 119 10 cathepsin cathepsin NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 119 11 L l NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 119 12 facilitates facilitate VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 119 13 cleavage cleavage NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 119 14 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 119 15 S s NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 119 16 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 119 17 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 119 18 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 119 19 S1-S2 S1-S2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 119 20 boundary boundary JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 119 21 region region NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 119 22 leading lead VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 119 23 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 119 24 fusion fusion NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 119 25 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 119 26 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 119 27 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 119 28 envelope envelope NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 119 29 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 1 Enzyme enzyme NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 2 digestion digestion NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 3 experiments experiment NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 4 have have VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 5 shown show VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 6 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 7 first first JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 8 cleavage cleavage NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 9 event event NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 10 at at IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 11 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 12 S1-S2 S1-S2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 13 boundary boundary NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 14 probably probably RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 15 enables enable VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 16 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 17 second second JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 18 cleavage cleavage NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 19 event event NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 20 at at IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 21 S2 S2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 22 ' ' '' cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 23 region region NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 24 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 25 that that DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 26 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 27 responsible responsible JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 28 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 29 fusion fusion NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 30 activation activation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 120 31 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 121 1 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 121 2 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 121 3 CoV CoV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 121 4 spike spike NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 121 5 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 121 6 also also RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 121 7 exhibits exhibit VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 121 8 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 121 9 certain certain JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 121 10 degree degree NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 121 11 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 121 12 plasticity plasticity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 121 13 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 121 14 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 121 15 position position NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 121 16 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 121 17 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 121 18 cleavage cleavage NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 121 19 site site NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 121 20 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 121 21 priming prime VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 121 22 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 122 1 fusion fusion NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 122 2 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 122 3 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 122 4 CoV. CoV. NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 123 1 In in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 123 2 ' ' `` cord-026340-2nf97zvc 123 3 late late JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 123 4 ' ' '' cord-026340-2nf97zvc 123 5 endosome endosome NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 123 6 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 123 7 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 123 8 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 123 9 genome genome NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 123 10 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 123 11 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 123 12 nucleocapsid nucleocapsid NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 123 13 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 123 14 released release VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 123 15 into into IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 123 16 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 123 17 host host NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 123 18 cytoplasm cytoplasm NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 124 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 124 2 Cassell Cassell NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 124 3 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 124 4 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 124 5 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 125 1 1984 1984 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 125 2 ; ; : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 125 3 Yang Yang NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 125 4 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 125 5 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 125 6 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 126 1 2004 2004 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 126 2 ; ; : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 126 3 Wang Wang NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 126 4 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 126 5 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 126 6 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 127 1 2008 2008 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 127 2 ; ; : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 127 3 Belouzard Belouzard NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 127 4 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 127 5 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 127 6 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 128 1 2012 2012 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 128 2 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 1 Step step NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 2 3 3 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 3 Viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 4 replication replication NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 5 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 6 Replication replication NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 7 occurs occur VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 8 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 9 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 10 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 11 cytoplasm cytoplasm NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 12 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 13 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 14 positive positive JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 15 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 16 strand strand NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 17 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 18 genomic genomic NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 19 RNA RNA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 20 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 21 transcribed transcribe VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 22 into into IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 23 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 24 negative negative JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 25 RNA RNA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 26 strand strand NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 27 that that WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 28 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 29 used use VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 30 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 31 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 32 template template NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 33 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 34 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 35 synthesis synthesis NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 36 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 37 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 38 mRNA mrna NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 39 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 40 Devaux Devaux NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 41 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 42 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 43 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 44 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 129 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 130 1 Step step NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 130 2 4 4 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 131 1 Viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 131 2 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 131 3 synthesis synthesis NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 131 4 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 132 1 ORF1a ORF1a NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 132 2 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 132 3 ORF1b ORF1b NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 132 4 genes gene NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 132 5 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 132 6 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 132 7 genome genome NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 132 8 produce produce VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 132 9 two two CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 132 10 polyproteins polyprotein NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 132 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 132 12 PPs pp NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 132 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 132 14 that that WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 132 15 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 132 16 pp1a pp1a NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 132 17 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 132 18 pp1b pp1b NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 132 19 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 132 20 takeover takeover NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 132 21 host host NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 132 22 ribosomes ribosome VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 132 23 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 132 24 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 132 25 own own JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 132 26 translation translation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 132 27 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 132 28 replication replication NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 132 29 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 133 1 As as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 133 2 ribosome ribosome NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 133 3 machinery machinery NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 133 4 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 133 5 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 133 6 infected infected JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 133 7 cells cell NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 133 8 moves move NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 133 9 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 133 10 favor favor NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 133 11 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 133 12 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 133 13 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 133 14 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 133 15 it -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 133 16 synthesizes synthesize VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 133 17 non non JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 133 18 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 133 19 structural structural JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 133 20 proteins protein NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 133 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 133 22 NSPs NSPs NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 133 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 133 24 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 133 25 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 133 26 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 134 1 These these DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 134 2 assemble assemble VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 134 3 into into IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 134 4 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 134 5 replicase replicase NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 134 6 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 134 7 transcriptase transcriptase NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 134 8 complex complex NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 134 9 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 134 10 support support VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 134 11 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 134 12 subgenomic subgenomic NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 134 13 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 134 14 synthesis synthesis NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 134 15 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 135 1 NSP1 NSP1 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 135 2 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 135 3 NSP2 NSP2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 135 4 have have VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 135 5 specific specific JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 135 6 functions function NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 135 7 such such JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 135 8 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 135 9 suppression suppression NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 135 10 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 135 11 host host NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 135 12 gene gene NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 135 13 expression expression NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 135 14 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 135 15 Schoeman Schoeman NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 135 16 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 135 17 Fielding Fielding NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 135 18 2019 2019 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 135 19 ; ; : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 135 20 Devaux Devaux NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 135 21 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 135 22 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 135 23 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 136 1 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 136 2 ; ; : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 136 3 Prajapat Prajapat NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 136 4 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 136 5 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 136 6 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 136 7 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 136 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 137 1 Step step NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 137 2 5 5 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 137 3 Transport transport NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 137 4 across across IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 137 5 ER ER NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 137 6 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 137 7 TGN TGN NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 2 Trans Trans NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 3 - - NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 4 Golgi Golgi NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 5 network network NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 7 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 8 After after IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 9 replication replication NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 10 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 11 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 12 envelope envelope NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 13 proteins protein NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 14 such such JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 15 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 16 M M NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 17 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 18 E E NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 19 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 20 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 21 S S NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 22 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 23 translated translate VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 24 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 25 gets get VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 26 transport transport NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 27 towards towards IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 28 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 29 endoplasmic endoplasmic NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 30 reticulum reticulum NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 32 ER)-Golgi ER)-Golgi NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 33 intermediate intermediate JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 34 compartment compartment NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 36 ERGIC ERGIC NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 38 complex complex JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 39 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 40 form form VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 41 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 42 structure structure NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 43 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 44 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 45 envelope envelope NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 138 46 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 139 1 Replicated replicate VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 139 2 genome genome NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 139 3 binds bind VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 139 4 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 139 5 N n CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 139 6 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 139 7 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 139 8 forms form VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 139 9 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 139 10 ribonucleoprotein ribonucleoprotein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 139 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 139 12 RNP RNP NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 139 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 139 14 complex complex JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 139 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 139 16 Prajapat Prajapat NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 139 17 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 139 18 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 139 19 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 139 20 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 139 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 140 1 Step step NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 140 2 6 6 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 140 3 Assembly assembly NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 140 4 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 141 1 Viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 141 2 genomic genomic NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 141 3 RNA RNA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 141 4 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 141 5 then then RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 141 6 packed pack VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 141 7 into into IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 141 8 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 141 9 nucleocapsid nucleocapsid NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 141 10 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 141 11 then then RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 141 12 envelope envelope NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 141 13 proteins protein NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 141 14 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 141 15 included include VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 141 16 during during IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 141 17 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 141 18 budding budding JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 141 19 step step NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 141 20 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 141 21 form form VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 141 22 mature mature JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 141 23 virions virion NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 141 24 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 2 M M NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 3 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 4 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 5 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 6 localizes localize VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 7 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 8 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 9 trans trans NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 10 - - NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 11 Golgi Golgi NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 12 network network NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 13 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 14 plays play VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 15 an an DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 16 essential essential JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 17 role role NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 18 during during IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 19 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 20 assembly assembly NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 21 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 22 interacting interact VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 23 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 24 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 25 other other JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 26 proteins protein NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 27 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 28 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 29 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 30 mRNA mrna NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 32 Devaux Devaux NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 33 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 34 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 35 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 36 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 142 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 143 1 Step step NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 143 2 7 7 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 143 3 Budding budding NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 143 4 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 143 5 exocytosis exocytosis NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 143 6 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 144 1 Further further RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 144 2 after after IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 144 3 assembly assembly NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 144 4 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 144 5 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 144 6 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 144 7 particle particle NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 144 8 comes come VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 144 9 out out IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 144 10 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 144 11 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 144 12 ERGIC ERGIC NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 144 13 via via IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 144 14 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 144 15 budlike budlike JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 144 16 structure structure NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 144 17 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 2 budding budding NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 3 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 4 determined determine VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 5 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 6 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 7 localization localization NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 8 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 9 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 10 membrane membrane NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 11 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 12 M M NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 13 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 14 finally finally RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 15 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 16 newly newly RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 17 formed form VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 18 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 19 particles particle NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 20 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 21 transported transport VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 22 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 23 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 24 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 25 surface surface NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 26 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 27 vesicles vesicle NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 28 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 29 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 30 released release VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 31 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 32 exocytosis exocytosis NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 145 33 mRNA mRNA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 146 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 146 2 Devaux Devaux NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 146 3 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 146 4 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 146 5 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 146 6 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 146 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 147 1 Plasma plasma NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 147 2 Membrane membrane NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 147 3 Step step NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 147 4 1 1 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 147 5 Step Step NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 147 6 2 2 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 147 7 Step Step NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 147 8 3 3 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 147 9 Step Step NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 147 10 4 4 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 147 11 Step step NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 147 12 5 5 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 147 13 Step Step NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 147 14 6 6 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 147 15 Step Step NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 147 16 7 7 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 148 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 148 2 mechanism mechanism NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 148 3 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 148 4 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 148 5 infection infection NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 148 6 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 148 7 still still RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 148 8 not not RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 148 9 complete complete JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 148 10 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 148 11 under under IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 148 12 study study NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 148 13 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 149 1 So so RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 149 2 far far RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 149 3 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 149 4 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 149 5 data datum NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 149 6 show show VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 149 7 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 149 8 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 149 9 activation activation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 149 10 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 149 11 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 149 12 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 149 13 occurs occur VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 149 14 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 149 15 it -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 149 16 enters enter VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 149 17 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 149 18 host host NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 149 19 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 149 20 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 1 During during IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 2 this this DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 3 time time NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 4 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 5 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 6 cleavage cleavage NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 7 process process NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 8 occurs occur VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 9 at at IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 10 polybasic polybasic NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 12 furin furin NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 14 cleavage cleavage NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 15 site site NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 16 at at IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 17 S1-S2 S1-S2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 18 boundary boundary NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 20 formed form VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 21 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 22 insertion insertion NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 23 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 24 12 12 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 25 nucleotides nucleotide NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 27 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 28 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 29 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 30 followed follow VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 31 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 32 an an DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 33 irreversible irreversible JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 34 conformational conformational JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 35 change change NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 150 36 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 151 1 Through through IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 151 2 bioinformatics bioinformatics NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 151 3 tool tool NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 151 4 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 151 5 researchers researcher NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 151 6 have have VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 151 7 identified identify VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 151 8 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 151 9 presence presence NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 151 10 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 151 11 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 151 12 proline proline NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 151 13 residue residue NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 151 14 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 151 15 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 151 16 cleavage cleavage NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 151 17 site site NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 151 18 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 151 19 so so RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 151 20 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 151 21 inserted insert VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 151 22 sequence sequence NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 151 23 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 151 24 " " `` cord-026340-2nf97zvc 151 25 PRRA PRRA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 151 26 " " '' cord-026340-2nf97zvc 151 27 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 1 Presence presence NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 2 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 3 proline proline NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 4 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 5 predicted predict VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 6 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 7 cause cause VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 8 addition addition NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 9 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 10 O o NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 11 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 12 linked link VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 13 glycans glycan NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 14 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 15 S673 S673 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 16 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 17 T678 t678 CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 18 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 19 S686 S686 NNPS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 20 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 21 margin margin NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 22 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 23 cleavage cleavage NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 24 site site NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 25 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 26 produce produce VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 27 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 28 mucin mucin NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 29 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 30 like like JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 31 domain domain NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 32 that that WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 33 can can MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 34 shield shield VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 35 epitope epitope NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 36 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 37 key key JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 38 residues residue NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 39 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 40 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 41 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 42 CoV2 cov2 NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 43 spike spike NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 44 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 45 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 46 Andersen Andersen NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 47 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 48 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 49 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 50 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 51 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 152 52 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 153 1 These these DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 153 2 observations observation NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 153 3 reinforce reinforce VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 153 4 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 153 5 fact fact NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 153 6 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 153 7 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 153 8 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 153 9 CoV2 CoV2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 153 10 has have VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 153 11 been be VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 153 12 optimized optimize VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 153 13 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 153 14 ACE ace NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 153 15 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 153 16 but but CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 153 17 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 153 18 increased increase VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 153 19 virulence virulence NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 153 20 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 153 21 some some DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 153 22 humans human NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 153 23 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 153 24 not not RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 153 25 clear clear JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 153 26 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 1 Previously previously RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 2 it -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 3 has have VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 4 been be VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 5 shown show VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 6 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 7 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 8 Avian avian JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 9 influenza influenza NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 10 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 11 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 12 speedy speedy JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 13 replication replication NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 14 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 15 transmission transmission NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 16 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 17 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 18 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 19 high high JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 20 population population NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 21 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 22 chicken chicken NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 23 ' ' '' cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 24 selects select VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 25 ' ' '' cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 26 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 27 attainment attainment NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 28 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 29 polybasic polybasic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 30 cleavage cleavage NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 31 sites site NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 32 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 33 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 34 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 35 called call VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 36 hemagglutinin hemagglutinin NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 37 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 38 HA HA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 39 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 40 immunodominant immunodominant JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 41 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 42 antigen antigen NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 43 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 44 H5N1 H5N1 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 45 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 154 47 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 155 1 Such such JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 155 2 acquirement acquirement NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 155 3 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 155 4 polybasic polybasic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 155 5 cleavage cleavage NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 155 6 sites site NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 155 7 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 155 8 hemagglutinin hemagglutinin NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 155 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 155 10 insertion insertion NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 155 11 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 155 12 recombination recombination NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 155 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 155 14 has have VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 155 15 been be VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 155 16 observed observe VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 155 17 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 155 18 convert convert VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 155 19 low low JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 155 20 pathogenic pathogenic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 155 21 viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 155 22 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 155 23 very very RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 155 24 high high JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 155 25 pathogenic pathogenic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 155 26 ones one NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 156 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 156 2 Andersen Andersen NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 156 3 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 156 4 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 156 5 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 156 6 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 156 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 156 8 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 157 1 HA HA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 157 2 has have VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 157 3 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 157 4 similar similar JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 157 5 function function NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 157 6 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 157 7 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 157 8 spike spike NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 157 9 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 157 10 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 157 11 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 157 12 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 157 13 CoV2 CoV2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 157 14 but but CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 157 15 whether whether IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 157 16 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 157 17 similar similar JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 157 18 mechanism mechanism NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 157 19 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 157 20 operating operate VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 157 21 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 157 22 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 157 23 needs need NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 157 24 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 157 25 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 157 26 validated validate VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 157 27 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 2 have have VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 3 also also RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 4 seen see VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 5 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 6 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 7 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 8 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 9 CoV CoV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 10 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 11 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 12 evolutionary evolutionary JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 13 starting starting NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 14 point point NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 16 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 17 evidenced evidence VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 18 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 19 palm palm NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 20 civets civet NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 22 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 23 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 24 prototype prototype NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 25 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 26 group group NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 27 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 28 low low JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 29 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 30 pathogenicity pathogenicity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 31 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 32 7 7 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 33 singlenucleotide singlenucleotide NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 34 variations variation NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 36 SNV SNV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 38 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 39 caused cause VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 40 6 6 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 41 amino amino NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 42 acid acid NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 43 changes change NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 44 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 45 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 46 S S NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 47 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 158 48 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 159 1 This this DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 159 2 group group NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 159 3 caused cause VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 159 4 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 159 5 early early JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 159 6 phase phase NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 159 7 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 159 8 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 159 9 2002 2002 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 159 10 - - SYM cord-026340-2nf97zvc 159 11 2003 2003 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 159 12 epidemic epidemic NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 159 13 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 1 Later later RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 2 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 3 further further JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 4 changes change NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 5 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 6 i.e. i.e. FW cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 7 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 8 14 14 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 9 SNVs snv NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 10 caused cause VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 11 11 11 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 12 amino amino NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 13 acid acid NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 14 residue residue NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 15 changes change NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 16 that that WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 17 produced produce VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 18 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 19 " " `` cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 20 highly highly RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 21 virulent virulent JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 22 group group NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 23 " " '' cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 24 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 25 caused cause VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 26 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 27 middle middle JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 28 phase phase NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 29 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 30 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 31 epidemic epidemic NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 32 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 33 2003 2003 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 160 34 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 161 1 Thereafter thereafter RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 161 2 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 161 3 6 6 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 161 4 SNVs snv NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 161 5 caused cause VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 161 6 four four CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 161 7 amino amino NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 161 8 acid acid NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 161 9 changes change NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 161 10 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 161 11 brought bring VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 161 12 about about RP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 161 13 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 161 14 group group NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 161 15 responsible responsible JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 161 16 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 161 17 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 161 18 late late JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 161 19 phase phase NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 161 20 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 161 21 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 161 22 global global JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 161 23 epidemic epidemic NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 161 24 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 2 neutral neutral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 3 mutation mutation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 4 rate rate NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 5 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 6 this this DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 7 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 8 during during IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 9 2003 2003 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 10 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 11 almost almost RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 12 constant constant JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 13 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 14 at at IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 15 around around IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 16 8 8 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 17 × × CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 18 10 10 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 19 −6 −6 NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 20 nt nt NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 21 −1 −1 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 22 day day NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 23 −1 −1 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 24 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 25 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 26 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 27 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 28 same same JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 29 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 30 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 31 most most RBS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 32 recognized recognize VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 33 RNA RNA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 34 viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 162 35 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 163 1 Afterwards afterwards RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 163 2 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 163 3 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 163 4 second second JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 163 5 interspecies interspecie NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 163 6 jump jump NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 163 7 recorded record VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 163 8 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 163 9 late late JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 163 10 2003 2003 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 163 11 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 163 12 early early JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 163 13 2004 2004 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 163 14 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 163 15 caused cause VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 163 16 resurgence resurgence NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 163 17 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 163 18 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 163 19 China China NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 163 20 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 1 This this DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 2 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 3 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 4 however however RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 5 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 6 thought think VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 7 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 8 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 9 an an DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 10 independent independent JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 11 interspecies interspecie NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 12 transmission transmission NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 13 event event NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 14 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 15 instead instead RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 16 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 17 residual residual JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 18 cases case NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 19 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 20 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 21 major major JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 22 epidemic epidemic NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 23 because because IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 24 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 25 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 26 had have VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 27 lower low JJR cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 28 affinity affinity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 29 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 30 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 31 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 32 human human JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 164 33 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 165 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 165 2 Cheng Cheng NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 165 3 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 165 4 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 165 5 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 166 1 2007 2007 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 166 2 ; ; : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 166 3 Kan Kan NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 166 4 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 166 5 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 166 6 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 167 1 2005 2005 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 167 2 ; ; : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 167 3 Zhang Zhang NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 167 4 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 167 5 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 167 6 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 167 7 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 167 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 167 9 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 1 Such such JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 2 mutations mutation NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 3 may may MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 4 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 5 operational operational JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 6 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 7 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 8 case case NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 9 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 10 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 11 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 12 CoV2 CoV2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 13 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 14 as as RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 15 well well RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 16 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 17 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 18 hence hence RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 19 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 20 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 21 differences difference NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 22 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 23 severity severity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 24 we -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 25 seen see VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 26 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 27 Italy Italy NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 28 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 29 China China NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 30 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 31 United United NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 32 Kingdom Kingdom NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 33 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 34 Japan Japan NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 35 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 36 USA USA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 37 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 38 India India NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 168 39 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 169 1 What what WP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 169 2 governs govern VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 169 3 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 169 4 affinity affinity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 169 5 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 169 6 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 169 7 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 169 8 towards towards IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 169 9 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 169 10 human human JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 169 11 host host NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 169 12 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 169 13 ? ? . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 1 As as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 2 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 3 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 4 case case NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 5 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 6 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 7 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 8 CoV CoV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 9 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 10 it -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 11 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 12 shown show VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 13 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 14 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 15 binding bind VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 16 specificity specificity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 17 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 18 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 19 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 20 host host VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 21 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 22 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 23 due due JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 24 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 25 3 3 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 26 prime prime JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 27 amino amino NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 28 acid acid NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 29 residues residue NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 30 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 31 S1 s1 NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 32 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 33 at at IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 34 positions position NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 35 360 360 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 36 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 37 479 479 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 38 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 39 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 40 487 487 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 170 41 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 1 Interestingly interestingly RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 2 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 3 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 4 patient patient NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 5 samples sample NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 6 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 7 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 8 2003 2003 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 9 epidemic epidemic NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 10 had have VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 11 N479 N479 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 12 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 13 T487 T487 NNPS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 14 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 15 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 16 S s NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 17 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 18 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 19 while while IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 20 most most JJS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 21 civet civet NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 22 samples sample NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 23 had have VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 24 K K NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 25 / / SYM cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 26 R479 R479 NNPS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 27 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 28 S487 S487 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 29 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 30 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 31 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 32 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 33 combination combination NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 34 that that WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 35 reduces reduce VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 36 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 37 affinity affinity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 38 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 39 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 40 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 41 receptor receptor NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 171 42 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 1 At at IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 2 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 3 later later JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 4 stages stage NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 5 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 6 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 7 epidemic epidemic NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 9 2003 2003 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 12 2004 2004 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 14 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 15 both both CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 16 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 17 samples sample NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 18 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 19 humans human NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 20 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 21 civet civet NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 22 showed show VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 23 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 24 presence presence NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 25 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 26 N479 N479 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 27 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 28 S487 S487 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 29 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 30 signifying signify VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 31 an an DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 32 intermediate intermediate JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 33 stage stage NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 34 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 35 mutation mutation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 36 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 37 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 38 S S NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 39 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 172 40 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 173 1 Additional additional JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 173 2 change change NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 173 3 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 173 4 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 173 5 N479 N479 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 173 6 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 173 7 T487 T487 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 173 8 combination combination NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 173 9 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 173 10 believed believe VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 173 11 have have VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 173 12 allowed allow VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 173 13 competent competent JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 173 14 human human NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 173 15 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 173 16 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 173 17 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 173 18 human human JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 173 19 transmission transmission NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 173 20 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 174 1 A a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 174 2 different different JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 174 3 set set NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 174 4 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 174 5 studies study NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 174 6 conducted conduct VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 174 7 using use VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 174 8 samples sample NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 174 9 isolated isolate VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 174 10 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 174 11 game game NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 174 12 animals animal NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 174 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 174 14 animals animal NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 174 15 hunted hunt VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 174 16 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 174 17 sports sport NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 174 18 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 174 19 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 174 20 Guangdong Guangdong NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 174 21 also also RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 174 22 showed show VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 174 23 high high JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 174 24 nucleotide nucleotide JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 174 25 similarity similarity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 174 26 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 174 27 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 174 28 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 174 29 CoV. CoV. NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 175 1 These these DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 175 2 exhibited exhibit VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 175 3 an an DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 175 4 insertion insertion NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 175 5 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 175 6 29-bp 29-bp CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 175 7 between between IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 175 8 Orf8a Orf8a NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 175 9 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 175 10 Orf8b Orf8b NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 175 11 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 175 12 animals animal NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 175 13 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 175 14 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 175 15 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 175 16 deleted delete VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 175 17 either either CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 175 18 before before IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 175 19 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 175 20 soon soon RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 175 21 after after IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 175 22 crossing cross VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 175 23 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 175 24 species specie NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 175 25 barrier barrier NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 175 26 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 175 27 humans human NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 176 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 176 2 Cheng Cheng NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 176 3 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 176 4 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 176 5 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 176 6 2007 2007 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 176 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 176 8 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 2 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 3 yet yet RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 4 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 5 figure figure VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 6 out out RP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 7 what what WP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 8 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 9 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 10 differences difference NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 11 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 12 amino amino NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 13 acid acid NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 14 residues residue NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 15 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 16 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 17 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 18 CoV2 CoV2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 19 that that WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 20 made make VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 21 it -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 22 effectively effectively RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 23 adhere adhere VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 24 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 25 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 26 ACE ace NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 27 receptors receptor NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 28 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 29 endothelial endothelial JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 30 cells cell NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 31 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 32 lungs lung NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 33 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 34 other other JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 35 cells cell NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 36 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 37 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 38 human human JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 39 body body NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 177 40 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 178 1 Today today NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 178 2 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 178 3 governments government NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 178 4 face face VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 178 5 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 178 6 very very RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 178 7 urgent urgent JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 178 8 need need NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 178 9 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 178 10 measures measure NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 178 11 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 178 12 tame tame VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 178 13 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 178 14 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 178 15 rapid rapid JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 178 16 spread spread NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 178 17 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 178 18 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 178 19 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 178 20 CoV2 CoV2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 178 21 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 179 1 Hence hence RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 179 2 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 179 3 clinicians clinician NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 179 4 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 179 5 researchers researcher NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 179 6 across across IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 179 7 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 179 8 globe globe NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 179 9 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 179 10 actively actively RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 179 11 engaged engage VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 179 12 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 179 13 identifying identify VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 179 14 effective effective JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 179 15 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 179 16 strategies strategy NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 179 17 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 179 18 curb curb VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 179 19 this this DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 179 20 deadly deadly JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 179 21 disease disease NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 179 22 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 1 To to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 2 rush rush VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 3 through through IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 4 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 5 pandemic pandemic NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 6 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 7 one one CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 8 option option NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 9 researchers researcher NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 10 proposed propose VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 11 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 12 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 13 ' ' `` cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 14 repurpose repurpose VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 15 ' ' '' cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 16 drug drug NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 17 that that WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 18 has have VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 19 worked work VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 20 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 21 similar similar JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 22 diseases disease NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 23 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 24 till till IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 25 herd herd NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 26 immunity immunity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 27 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 28 achieved achieve VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 30 Zumla Zumla NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 31 et et FW cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 32 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 33 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 34 2016 2016 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 35 ; ; : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 36 Li Li NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 37 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 38 De De NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 39 Clercq Clercq NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 40 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 180 42 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 181 1 When when WRB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 181 2 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 181 3 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 181 4 detected detect VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 181 5 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 181 6 Wuhan Wuhan NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 181 7 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 181 8 China China NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 181 9 resorted resort VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 181 10 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 181 11 test test VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 181 12 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 181 13 effectiveness effectiveness NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 181 14 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 181 15 anti anti JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 181 16 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 181 17 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 181 18 drugs drug NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 181 19 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 181 20 other other JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 181 21 infectious infectious JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 181 22 diseases disease NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 181 23 against against IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 181 24 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 181 25 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 182 1 How how WRB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 182 2 long long RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 182 3 has have VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 182 4 it -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 182 5 been be VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 182 6 since since IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 182 7 we -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 182 8 know know VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 182 9 chloroquine chloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 182 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 182 11 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 182 12 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 182 13 9-aminoquinoline 9-aminoquinoline CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 182 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 182 15 ? ? . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 183 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 183 2 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 183 3 believed believe VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 183 4 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 183 5 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 183 6 scientist scientist NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 183 7 named name VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 183 8 Hans Hans NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 183 9 Andersag Andersag NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 183 10 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 183 11 his -PRON- PRP$ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 183 12 coworkers coworker NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 183 13 discovered discover VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 183 14 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 183 15 derivative derivative NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 183 16 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 183 17 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 183 18 at at IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 183 19 Bayers Bayers NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 183 20 Laboratories Laboratories NNPS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 183 21 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 183 22 1934 1934 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 183 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 183 24 Coatney Coatney NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 183 25 1963 1963 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 183 26 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 183 27 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 1 After after IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 2 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 3 long long JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 4 line line NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 5 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 6 controversy controversy NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 7 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 8 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 9 toxic toxic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 10 agent agent NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 11 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 12 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 13 reinstated reinstate VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 14 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 15 importance importance NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 16 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 17 1948 1948 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 18 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 19 proving prove VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 20 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 21 effectiveness effectiveness NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 22 against against IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 23 extra extra JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 24 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 25 intestinal intestinal JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 26 amebiasis amebiasis NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 28 Conan Conan NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 29 1948 1948 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 184 31 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 1 After after IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 2 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 3 World World NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 4 War War NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 5 II II NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 6 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 7 WHO who WP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 8 deployed deploy VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 9 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 10 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 11 one one CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 12 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 13 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 14 principal principal JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 15 arms arm NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 16 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 17 combating combat VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 18 malaria malaria NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 19 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 20 now now RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 21 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 22 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 23 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 24 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 25 organization organization NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 26 's 's POS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 27 list list NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 28 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 29 essential essential JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 30 medicines medicine NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 31 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 32 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 33 same same JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 185 34 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 1 Today today NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 2 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 3 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 4 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 5 known know VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 6 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 7 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 8 effective effective JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 9 against against IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 10 malarial malarial JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 11 parasites parasite NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 12 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 13 Plasmodium Plasmodium NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 14 genus genus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 15 such such JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 16 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 17 Plasmodium Plasmodium NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 18 malariae malariae NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 19 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 20 Plasmodium Plasmodium NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 21 ovale ovale NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 22 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 23 Plasmodium Plasmodium NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 24 vivax vivax NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 25 but but CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 26 not not RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 27 against against IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 28 Plasmodium Plasmodium NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 29 falciparum falciparum NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 30 owing owe VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 31 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 32 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 33 resistance resistance NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 34 developed develop VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 36 Mejia Mejia NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 37 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 38 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 39 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 40 2013 2013 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 186 42 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 187 1 How how WRB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 187 2 does do VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 187 3 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 187 4 help help VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 187 5 eliminate eliminate VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 187 6 malarial malarial JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 187 7 parasite parasite NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 187 8 ? ? . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 1 During during IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 2 malaria malaria NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 3 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 4 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 5 malarial malarial JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 6 pathogen pathogen NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 7 attacks attack NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 8 red red JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 9 blood blood NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 10 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 11 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 12 degrades degrade VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 13 hemoglobin hemoglobin NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 14 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 15 vacuoles vacuole NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 16 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 17 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 18 parasitic parasitic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 19 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 20 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 21 acquires acquire VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 22 those those DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 23 amino amino NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 24 acids acid NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 25 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 26 constructing construct VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 27 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 28 proteins protein NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 29 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 30 energy energy NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 31 metabolism metabolism NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 188 32 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 189 1 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 189 2 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 189 3 basically basically RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 189 4 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 189 5 lysomotrophic lysomotrophic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 189 6 agent agent NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 189 7 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 189 8 crosses cross VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 189 9 plasma plasma NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 189 10 membrane membrane NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 189 11 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 189 12 organelle organelle NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 189 13 membranes membrane NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 189 14 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 189 15 simple simple JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 189 16 diffusion diffusion NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 189 17 process process NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 189 18 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 190 1 Once once IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 190 2 inside inside IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 190 3 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 190 4 acidic acidic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 190 5 organelles organelle NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 190 6 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 190 7 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 190 8 gets get VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 190 9 protonated protonate VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 190 10 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 190 11 can can MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 190 12 not not RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 190 13 leave leave VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 190 14 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 190 15 site site NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 190 16 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 190 17 diffusion diffusion NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 190 18 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 1 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 2 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 3 therefore therefore RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 4 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 5 gets get VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 6 concentrated concentrate VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 7 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 8 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 9 acidic acidic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 10 organelles organelle NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 11 herein herein RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 12 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 13 parasitic parasitic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 14 vacuoles vacuole NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 15 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 16 changing change VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 17 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 18 pH ph NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 19 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 20 facilitating facilitate VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 21 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 22 formation formation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 23 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 24 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 25 complex complex NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 26 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 27 ' ' `` cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 28 heme heme NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 29 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 30 chloroquine chloroquine NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 31 ' ' '' cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 32 that that WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 33 prevents prevent VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 34 parasites parasite NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 35 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 36 Plasmodium Plasmodium NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 37 genus genus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 38 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 39 drawing draw VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 40 nutrients nutrient NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 41 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 42 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 43 red red JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 44 blood blood NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 45 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 191 46 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 1 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 2 can can MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 3 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 4 transported transport VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 5 out out IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 6 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 7 cells cell NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 8 via via IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 9 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 10 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 11 called call VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 12 multi multi JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 13 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 14 drug drug JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 15 resistance resistance NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 16 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 17 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 18 MRP-1 MRP-1 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 19 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 20 an an DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 21 ATP ATP NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 22 binding bind VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 23 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 25 Mejia Mejia NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 26 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 27 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 28 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 29 2013 2013 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 30 ; ; : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 31 Mauthe Mauthe NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 32 et et FW cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 33 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 34 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 35 2018 2018 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 36 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 192 37 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 193 1 Does do VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 193 2 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 193 3 have have VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 193 4 anti anti JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 193 5 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 193 6 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 193 7 effects effect NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 193 8 ? ? . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 194 1 Literature literature NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 194 2 cites cite VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 194 3 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 194 4 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 194 5 exerts exert VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 194 6 effects effect NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 194 7 against against IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 194 8 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 194 9 battery battery NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 194 10 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 194 11 different different JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 194 12 viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 194 13 such such JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 194 14 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 194 15 flaviviruses flavivirus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 194 16 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 194 17 retroviruses retrovirus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 194 18 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 194 19 corona corona NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 194 20 viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 194 21 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 1 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 2 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 3 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 4 have have VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 5 demonstrated demonstrate VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 6 anti anti JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 7 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 8 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 9 potency potency NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 10 against against IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 11 Herpes Herpes NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 12 simplex simplex NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 13 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 14 type type NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 15 1 1 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 16 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 17 Zika Zika NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 18 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 19 HIV HIV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 20 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 21 MERS MERS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 22 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 23 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 24 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 25 CoV CoV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 26 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 27 HCoV HCoV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 28 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 29 OC43 OC43 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 30 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 31 Chikungunya Chikungunya NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 32 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 33 Hepatitis Hepatitis NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 34 C C NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 36 Picot Picot NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 37 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 195 39 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 1 Of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 2 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 3 different different JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 4 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 5 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 6 anti anti JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 7 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 8 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 9 action action NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 10 known know VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 11 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 12 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 13 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 14 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 15 most most RBS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 16 intriguing intriguing JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 17 one one NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 18 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 19 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 20 ability ability NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 21 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 22 inhibit inhibit VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 23 viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 24 at at IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 25 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 26 entry entry NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 27 point point NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 28 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 29 host host NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 30 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 31 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 32 happens happen VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 33 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 34 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 35 case case NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 36 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 37 Borna Borna NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 38 disease disease NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 39 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 40 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 41 Minute minute NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 42 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 43 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 44 mice mouse NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 45 MVMp MVMp NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 46 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 47 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 48 Avian avian JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 49 leucosis leucosis NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 50 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 51 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 52 Savarino Savarino NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 53 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 54 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 55 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 56 2003 2003 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 57 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 196 58 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 1 In in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 2 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 3 case case NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 4 hepatitis hepatitis NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 5 A A NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 6 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 7 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 8 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 9 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 10 uncoating uncoating NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 11 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 12 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 13 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 14 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 15 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 16 thus thus RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 17 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 18 blocking block VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 19 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 20 entire entire JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 21 replication replication NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 22 cycle cycle NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 24 Bishop Bishop NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 25 1998 1998 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 26 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 27 Devaux Devaux NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 28 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 29 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 30 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 31 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 197 32 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 1 Once once IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 2 inside inside IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 3 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 4 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 5 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 6 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 7 works work VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 8 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 9 inhibiting inhibit VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 10 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 11 replication replication NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 12 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 13 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 14 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 15 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 16 altering alter VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 17 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 18 pH ph NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 19 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 20 acidic acidic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 21 organelles organelle NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 22 that that WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 23 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 24 sites site NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 25 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 26 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 27 DNA dna NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 28 replication replication NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 30 Devaux Devaux NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 31 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 32 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 33 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 34 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 198 36 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 199 1 Apart apart RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 199 2 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 199 3 blocking block VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 199 4 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 199 5 entry entry NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 199 6 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 199 7 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 199 8 replication replication NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 199 9 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 199 10 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 199 11 can can MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 199 12 also also RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 199 13 block block VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 199 14 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 199 15 final final JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 199 16 packaging packaging NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 199 17 process process NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 199 18 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 199 19 certain certain JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 199 20 viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 199 21 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 1 Eg eg UH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 2 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 3 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 4 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 5 case case NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 6 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 7 infection infection NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 8 caused cause VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 9 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 10 enveloped envelop VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 11 viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 12 like like IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 13 Mayaro Mayaro NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 14 viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 15 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 16 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 17 administration administration NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 18 causes cause VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 19 accumulation accumulation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 20 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 21 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 22 base base NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 23 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 24 endoplasmic endoplasmic NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 25 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 26 trans trans JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 27 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 28 golgi golgi NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 29 compartments compartment NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 30 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 31 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 32 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 200 33 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 1 This this DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 2 affects affect VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 3 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 4 functioning functioning NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 5 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 6 certain certain JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 7 low low JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 8 pH ph NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 9 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 10 dependent dependent JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 11 proteases protease NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 12 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 13 glycosyl glycosyl NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 14 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 15 transferases transferase NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 16 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 17 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 18 required require VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 19 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 20 formation formation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 21 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 22 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 23 envelopes envelope NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 25 Savarino Savarino NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 26 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 27 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 28 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 29 2003 2003 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 201 31 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 202 1 In in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 202 2 Flaviviridae Flaviviridae NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 202 3 viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 202 4 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 202 5 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 202 6 affects affect VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 202 7 normal normal JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 202 8 proteolytic proteolytic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 202 9 processing processing NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 202 10 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 202 11 flavivirus flavivirus JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 202 12 prM prm JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 202 13 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 202 14 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 202 15 M M NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 202 16 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 202 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 202 18 Savarino Savarino NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 202 19 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 202 20 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 202 21 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 202 22 2003 2003 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 202 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 202 24 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 203 1 For for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 203 2 non non JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 203 3 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 203 4 infectious infectious JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 203 5 retrovirus retrovirus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 203 6 particles particle NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 203 7 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 203 8 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 203 9 shown show VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 203 10 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 203 11 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 203 12 Avian avian JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 203 13 reticuloendotheliosis reticuloendotheliosis NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 203 14 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 203 15 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 203 16 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 203 17 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 203 18 glycosylation glycosylation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 203 19 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 203 20 envelope envelope NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 203 21 glycoproteins glycoprotein NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 203 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 203 23 Savarino Savarino NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 203 24 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 203 25 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 203 26 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 203 27 2003 2003 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 203 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 203 29 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 1 Again again RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 2 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 3 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 4 case case NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 5 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 6 HIV HIV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 7 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 8 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 9 reduces reduce VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 10 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 11 production production NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 12 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 13 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 14 heavily heavily RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 15 glycosylated glycosylated JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 16 epitope epitope NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 17 2G12 2g12 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 18 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 19 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 20 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 21 located locate VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 22 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 23 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 24 gp120 gp120 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 25 envelope envelope NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 26 glycoprotein glycoprotein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 27 surface surface NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 28 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 29 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 30 fundamental fundamental JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 31 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 32 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 33 infectivity infectivity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 204 34 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 1 Again again RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 2 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 3 these these DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 4 effects effect NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 5 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 6 likely likely JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 7 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 8 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 9 attributed attribute VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 10 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 11 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 12 increased increase VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 13 pH ph NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 14 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 15 trans trans NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 16 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 17 golgi golgi NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 18 network network NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 19 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 20 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 21 impairs impair VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 22 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 23 function function NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 24 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 25 glycosyl glycosyl NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 26 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 27 transferases transferase NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 28 involved involve VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 29 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 30 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 31 post post JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 32 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 33 translational translational JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 34 processing processing NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 35 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 36 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 37 HIV HIV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 38 glycoproteins glycoprotein NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 39 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 40 Savarino Savarino NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 41 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 42 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 43 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 44 2003 2003 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 45 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 205 46 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 206 1 How how WRB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 206 2 effective effective JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 206 3 can can MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 206 4 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 206 5 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 206 6 against against IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 206 7 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 206 8 ? ? . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 1 In in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 2 2005 2005 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 3 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 4 Nichol Nichol NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 5 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 6 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 7 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 8 reported report VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 9 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 10 anti anti JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 11 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 12 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 13 effects effect NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 14 against against IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 15 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 16 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 17 CoV CoV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 18 infection infection NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 19 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 20 primate primate JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 21 Vero Vero NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 22 E6 E6 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 23 cells cell NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 25 derived derive VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 26 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 27 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 28 African african JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 29 green green JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 30 monkey monkey NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 31 kidney kidney NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 207 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 208 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 208 2 Vincent Vincent NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 208 3 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 208 4 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 208 5 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 208 6 2005 2005 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 208 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 208 8 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 1 Thereafter thereafter RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 2 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 4 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 5 found find VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 6 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 7 hydroxyl hydroxyl NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 8 chloroquine chloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 10 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 11 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 12 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 13 has have VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 14 40 40 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 15 % % NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 16 lesser less JJR cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 17 adverse adverse JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 18 effects effect NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 19 than than IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 20 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 22 has have VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 23 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 24 better well JJR cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 25 anti anti JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 26 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 27 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 28 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 29 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 30 activity activity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 31 than than IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 32 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 33 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 34 Vero Vero NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 35 cells cell NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 36 Liu Liu NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 37 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 38 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 209 39 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 210 1 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 210 2 ; ; : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 210 3 Wang Wang NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 210 4 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 210 5 Cheng Cheng NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 210 6 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 210 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 210 8 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 1 An an DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 2 interesting interesting JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 3 mode mode NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 4 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 5 action action NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 6 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 7 both both CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 8 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 9 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 10 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 11 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 12 their -PRON- PRP$ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 13 ability ability NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 14 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 15 inhibit inhibit VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 16 binding bind VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 17 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 18 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 19 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 20 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 21 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 22 particles particle NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 23 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 24 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 25 without without IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 26 affecting affect VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 27 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 28 cellular cellular JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 29 level level NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 30 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 31 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 32 expression expression NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 211 33 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 212 1 This this DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 212 2 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 212 3 basically basically RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 212 4 via via IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 212 5 an an DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 212 6 interference interference NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 212 7 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 212 8 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 212 9 glycosylation glycosylation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 212 10 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 212 11 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 212 12 receptor receptor NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 212 13 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 212 14 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 212 15 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 212 16 required require VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 212 17 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 212 18 ligand ligand NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 212 19 recognition recognition NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 212 20 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 213 1 This this DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 213 2 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 213 3 ensured ensure VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 213 4 via via IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 213 5 inhibition inhibition NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 213 6 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 213 7 an an DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 213 8 enzyme enzyme NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 213 9 called call VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 213 10 quinone quinone NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 213 11 reductase-2 reductase-2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 213 12 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 213 13 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 213 14 vital vital JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 213 15 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 213 16 biosynthesis biosynthesis NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 213 17 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 213 18 sialic sialic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 213 19 acids acid NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 213 20 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 213 21 thereby thereby RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 213 22 glycosylation glycosylation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 213 23 process process NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 213 24 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 1 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 2 when when WRB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 3 not not RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 4 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 5 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 6 glycosylated glycosylated JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 7 state state NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 8 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 9 less less RBR cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 10 efficient efficient JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 11 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 12 interact interact VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 13 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 14 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 15 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 16 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 17 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 18 spike spike NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 19 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 20 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 21 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 22 one one CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 23 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 24 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 25 best good JJS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 26 ways way NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 27 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 28 inhibit inhibit VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 29 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 30 entry entry NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 32 Vincent Vincent NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 33 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 34 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 35 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 36 2005 2005 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 37 ; ; : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 38 Wang Wang NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 39 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 40 Cheng Cheng NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 41 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 214 43 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 215 1 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 215 2 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 215 3 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 215 4 also also RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 215 5 have have VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 215 6 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 215 7 track track NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 215 8 record record NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 215 9 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 215 10 reducing reduce VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 215 11 over over IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 215 12 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 215 13 production production NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 215 14 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 215 15 cytokines cytokine NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 215 16 during during IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 215 17 rheumatoid rheumatoid NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 215 18 arthritis arthritis NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 215 19 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 215 20 lupus lupus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 215 21 erythematosus erythematosus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 215 22 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 215 23 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 215 24 sarcoidosis sarcoidosis NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 216 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 216 2 Rebecca Rebecca NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 216 3 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 216 4 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 216 5 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 217 1 2019 2019 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 217 2 ; ; : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 217 3 Schrezenmeier Schrezenmeier NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 217 4 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 217 5 Dörner Dörner NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 217 6 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 217 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 217 8 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 1 These these DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 2 immunomodulatory immunomodulatory JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 3 effects effect NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 4 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 5 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 6 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 7 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 8 need need VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 9 highlight highlight NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 10 since since IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 11 they -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 12 may may MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 13 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 14 useful useful JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 15 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 16 taming tame VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 17 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 18 cytokine cytokine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 19 storm storm NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 20 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 21 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 22 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 23 scenario scenario NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 24 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 25 Conti Conti NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 26 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 27 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 28 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 29 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 218 31 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 1 One one CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 2 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 3 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 4 proposed propose VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 5 modulatory modulatory JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 6 effect effect NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 7 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 8 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 9 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 10 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 11 ability ability NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 12 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 13 inhibit inhibit VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 14 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 15 activity activity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 16 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 17 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 18 nucleic nucleic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 19 acid acid NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 20 sensor sensor NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 21 cyclic cyclic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 22 GMP GMP NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 23 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 24 AMP AMP NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 26 cGAMP cGAMP NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 28 synthase synthase NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 30 cGAS cgas NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 32 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 33 interfering interfere VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 34 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 35 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 36 binding binding NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 37 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 38 cytosolic cytosolic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 39 DNA dna NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 40 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 41 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 42 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 43 stopping stop VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 44 TLR TLR NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 45 signaling signal VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 46 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 47 cGAS cgas NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 48 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 49 stimulator stimulator NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 50 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 51 interferon interferon NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 52 genes gene NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 53 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 54 STING sting NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 55 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 56 signaling signal VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 57 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 58 Picot Picot NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 59 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 60 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 219 61 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 1 At at IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 2 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 3 cellular cellular JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 4 level level NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 5 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 6 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 7 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 8 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 9 have have VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 10 been be VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 11 shown show VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 12 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 13 inhibit inhibit VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 14 immune immune JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 15 activation activation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 16 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 17 reducing reduce VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 18 signaling signaling NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 19 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 20 Pattern Pattern NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 21 Recognition Recognition NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 22 Receptors Receptors NNPS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 24 Toll Toll NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 25 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 26 like like JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 27 receptor receptor NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 28 signaling signaling NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 30 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 31 cytokine cytokine JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 32 production production NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 220 33 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 221 1 Both both DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 221 2 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 221 3 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 221 4 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 221 5 reduce reduce VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 221 6 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 221 7 secretion secretion NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 221 8 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 221 9 pro pro JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 221 10 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 221 11 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 221 12 cytokines cytokine NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 221 13 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 221 14 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 221 15 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 221 16 particular particular JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 221 17 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 221 18 TNF TNF NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 221 19 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 221 20 α α NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 221 21 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 221 22 macrophages macrophage NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 221 23 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 1 Different different JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 2 mechanisms mechanism NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 3 have have VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 4 been be VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 5 proposed propose VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 6 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 7 explain explain VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 8 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 9 reduction reduction NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 10 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 11 TNF TNF NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 12 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 13 α α NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 14 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 15 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 16 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 17 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 18 like like IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 19 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 20 i i NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 22 inhibition inhibition NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 23 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 24 TNF TNF NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 25 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 26 α α NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 27 mRNA mrna NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 28 expression expression NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 29 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 31 ii ii NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 33 inhibition inhibition NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 34 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 35 posttranslational posttranslational JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 36 conversion conversion NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 37 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 38 pro pro JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 39 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 40 TNFα TNFα NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 41 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 42 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 43 soluble soluble JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 44 mature mature JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 45 form form NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 46 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 47 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 48 iii iii NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 49 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 50 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 51 pre pre JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 52 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 53 translational translational JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 54 stage stage NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 55 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 56 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 57 non non JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 58 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 59 lysosomotropic lysosomotropic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 60 mechanism mechanism NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 61 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 62 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 63 iv iv LS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 64 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 65 reduced reduce VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 66 surface surface NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 67 expression expression NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 68 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 69 TNF TNF NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 70 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 71 α α NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 72 receptors receptor NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 222 73 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 1 Apart apart RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 2 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 3 TNF TNF NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 4 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 5 α α NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 6 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 7 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 8 also also RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 9 suppresses suppress VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 10 cytokines cytokine NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 11 like like IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 12 IL-1 IL-1 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 13 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 14 IL-6 IL-6 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 15 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 16 IFNγ IFNγ NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 17 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 18 mononuclear mononuclear JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 19 cells cell NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 20 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 21 again again RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 22 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 23 modulating modulate VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 24 TLR TLR NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 26 Totura Totura NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 27 et et FW cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 28 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 29 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 30 2015 2015 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 31 ; ; : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 32 Lester Lester NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 33 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 34 Li Li NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 35 2014 2014 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 36 ; ; : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 37 Conti Conti NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 38 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 39 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 40 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 41 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 223 43 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 224 1 In in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 224 2 light light NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 224 3 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 224 4 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 224 5 available available JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 224 6 references reference NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 224 7 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 224 8 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 224 9 plausible plausible JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 224 10 interferences interference NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 224 11 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 224 12 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 224 13 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 224 14 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 224 15 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 224 16 depicted depict VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 224 17 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 224 18 Fig Fig NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 224 19 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 225 1 1 1 LS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 225 2 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 226 1 Interference interference NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 226 2 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 226 3 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 226 4 binding bind VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 226 5 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 226 6 host host VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 226 7 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 226 8 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 226 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 226 10 i i NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 226 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 227 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 227 2 drug drug NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 227 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 227 4 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 227 5 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 227 6 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 227 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 227 8 interferes interfere VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 227 9 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 227 10 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 227 11 receptor receptor NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 227 12 glycosylation glycosylation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 227 13 preventing prevent VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 227 14 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 227 15 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 227 16 CoV2 cov2 NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 227 17 binding bind VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 227 18 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 227 19 target target NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 227 20 cells cell NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 227 21 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 228 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 228 2 ii ii LS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 228 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 228 4 Drug drug NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 228 5 limits limit VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 228 6 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 228 7 biosynthesis biosynthesis NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 228 8 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 228 9 sialic sialic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 228 10 acids acid NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 228 11 required require VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 228 12 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 228 13 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 228 14 surface surface NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 228 15 binding binding NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 228 16 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 228 17 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 228 18 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 228 19 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 228 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 228 21 II II NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 228 22 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 228 23 Interference interference NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 228 24 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 228 25 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 228 26 transport transport NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 228 27 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 229 1 Drug drug NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 229 2 modulates modulate VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 229 3 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 229 4 acidification acidification NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 229 5 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 229 6 endosomes endosome NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 229 7 thereby thereby RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 229 8 inhibiting inhibit VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 229 9 transport transport NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 229 10 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 229 11 formation formation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 229 12 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 229 13 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 229 14 autophagosome autophagosome NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 230 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 230 2 Yang Yang NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 230 3 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 230 4 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 230 5 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 231 1 2004 2004 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 231 2 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 232 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 232 2 III III NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 232 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 232 4 Interference interference NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 232 5 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 232 6 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 232 7 envelope envelope NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 232 8 formation formation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 232 9 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 1 Drug drug NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 2 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 3 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 4 cathepsin cathepsin NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 5 activity activity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 6 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 7 early early JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 8 endosome endosome NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 9 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 10 host host NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 11 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 12 increasing increase VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 13 endosomal endosomal NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 14 pH pH NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 15 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 16 further further RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 17 blocks block VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 18 cleavage cleavage NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 19 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 20 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 21 envelops envelop VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 22 S S NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 23 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 24 leading lead VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 25 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 26 stop stop VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 27 fusion fusion NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 28 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 29 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 30 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 31 envelope envelope NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 33 Wang Wang NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 34 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 35 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 233 36 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 234 1 2008 2008 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 234 2 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 234 3 Cassell Cassell NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 234 4 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 234 5 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 234 6 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 234 7 1984 1984 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 234 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 235 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 235 2 IV IV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 235 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 235 4 Interference interference NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 235 5 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 235 6 mitogen mitogen NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 235 7 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 235 8 activated activate VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 235 9 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 235 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 235 11 MAP MAP NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 235 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 236 1 kinase kinase NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 236 2 pathway pathway NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 236 3 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 237 1 By by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 237 2 modulating modulate VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 237 3 cellular cellular JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 237 4 mitogenactivated mitogenactivated JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 237 5 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 237 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 237 7 MAP MAP NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 237 8 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 238 1 kinase kinase NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 238 2 activation activation NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 239 1 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 239 2 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 239 3 may may MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 239 4 also also RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 239 5 inhibit inhibit VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 239 6 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 239 7 replication replication NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 239 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 239 9 Savarino Savarino NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 239 10 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 239 11 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 239 12 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 239 13 2003 2003 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 239 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 240 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 240 2 V v NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 240 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 240 4 Modulating modulate VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 240 5 M M NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 240 6 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 240 7 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 240 8 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 240 9 may may MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 240 10 alter alter VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 240 11 M M NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 240 12 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 240 13 maturation maturation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 240 14 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 240 15 interfere interfere VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 240 16 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 240 17 virion virion NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 240 18 assembly assembly NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 240 19 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 240 20 budding budding JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 240 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 240 22 Prajapat Prajapat NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 240 23 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 240 24 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 240 25 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 240 26 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 240 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 2 VI VI NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 4 Interference interference NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 5 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 6 TLR TLR NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 7 signaling signal VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 8 pathway pathway NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 9 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 10 Elevation elevation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 11 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 12 endosomal endosomal NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 13 pH pH NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 14 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 15 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 16 interferes interfere VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 17 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 18 TLR9 TLR9 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 19 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 20 TLR7 TLR7 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 21 processing processing NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 22 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 23 hence hence RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 24 pathogen pathogen NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 25 recognition recognition NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 26 via via IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 27 Toll Toll NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 28 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 29 like like JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 30 receptor receptor NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 31 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 32 TLR TLR NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 34 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 35 thereby thereby RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 36 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 37 infection infection NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 39 Devaux Devaux NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 40 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 41 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 42 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 43 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 241 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 242 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 242 2 mechanism mechanism NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 242 3 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 242 4 action action NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 242 5 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 242 6 detailed detail VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 242 7 above above RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 242 8 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 242 9 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 242 10 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 242 11 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 242 12 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 242 13 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 242 14 literature literature NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 242 15 but but CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 242 16 this this DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 242 17 warrants warrant VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 242 18 further further JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 242 19 investigations investigation NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 242 20 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 1 Now now RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 2 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 3 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 4 above above RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 5 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 6 described describe VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 7 abilities ability NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 8 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 9 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 10 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 11 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 12 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 13 function function VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 14 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 15 anti anti JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 16 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 17 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 18 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 19 immunomodulatory immunomodulatory JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 20 agent agent NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 21 highlight highlight VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 22 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 23 rationale rationale NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 24 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 25 usage usage NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 26 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 27 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 28 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 29 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 30 derivate derivate NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 31 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 32 both both CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 33 prophylactic prophylactic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 34 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 35 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 36 agents agent NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 37 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 38 clinically clinically RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 39 admissible admissible JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 40 concentrations concentration NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 41 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 42 Shah Shah NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 43 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 44 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 45 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 46 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 47 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 243 48 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 1 A a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 2 small small JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 3 randomized randomized JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 4 clinical clinical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 5 trial trial NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 6 conducted conduct VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 7 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 8 China China NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 9 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 10 100 100 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 11 patients patient NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 12 showed show VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 13 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 14 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 15 had have VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 16 superior superior JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 17 effects effect NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 18 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 19 inhibiting inhibit VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 20 exacerbation exacerbation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 21 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 22 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 23 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 24 improving improve VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 25 lung lung NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 26 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 27 imaging image VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 28 findings finding NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 29 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 30 promoting promote VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 31 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 32 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 33 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 34 negative negative JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 35 conversion conversion NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 36 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 37 shortening shorten VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 38 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 39 disease disease NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 40 course course NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 41 when when WRB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 42 compared compare VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 43 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 44 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 45 control control NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 46 drug drug NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 47 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 48 Jie Jie NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 49 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 50 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 51 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 52 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 53 ; ; : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 54 Gao Gao NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 55 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 56 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 57 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 58 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 244 59 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 245 1 Another another DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 245 2 clinical clinical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 245 3 trial trial NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 245 4 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 245 5 Marseille Marseille NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 246 1 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 246 2 France France NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 246 3 reported report VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 246 4 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 246 5 Gautret Gautret NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 246 6 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 246 7 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 246 8 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 247 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 247 2 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 247 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 247 4 demonstrated demonstrate VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 247 5 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 247 6 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 247 7 has have VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 247 8 efficacy efficacy NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 247 9 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 247 10 increasing increase VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 247 11 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 247 12 clearance clearance NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 247 13 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 1 In in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 2 that that DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 3 non non JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 4 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 5 randomized randomized JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 6 trial trial NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 7 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 8 n n NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 9 = = SYM cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 10 36 36 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 11 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 12 conducted conduct VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 13 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 14 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 15 alone alone RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 16 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 17 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 18 combination combination NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 19 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 20 azithromycin azithromycin NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 21 antibiotic antibiotic NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 22 effectively effectively RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 23 cleared clear VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 24 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 25 nasopharyngeal nasopharyngeal JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 26 carriage carriage NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 27 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 28 evidenced evidence VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 29 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 30 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 31 gold gold NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 32 standard standard NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 33 PCR PCR NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 35 polymerase polymerase NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 36 chain chain NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 37 reaction reaction NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 39 test test NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 41 versus versus IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 42 control control NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 248 44 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 249 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 249 2 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 249 3 clearance clearance NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 249 4 at at IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 249 5 day day NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 249 6 6 6 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 249 7 post post JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 249 8 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 249 9 inclusion inclusion JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 249 10 HCQ hcq NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 249 11 vs. vs. IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 249 12 control control NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 249 13 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 249 14 70.0 70.0 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 249 15 % % NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 249 16 versus versus IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 249 17 12.5 12.5 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 249 18 % % NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 249 19 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 249 20 respectively respectively RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 249 21 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 249 22 p p NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 249 23 = = SYM cord-026340-2nf97zvc 249 24 0.001 0.001 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 249 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 249 26 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 250 1 A a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 250 2 higher high JJR cord-026340-2nf97zvc 250 3 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 250 4 clearance clearance NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 250 5 effect effect NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 250 6 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 250 7 seen see VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 250 8 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 250 9 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 250 10 combinational combinational JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 250 11 therapy therapy NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 250 12 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 250 13 azithromycin azithromycin NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 250 14 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 250 15 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 250 16 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 251 1 This this DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 251 2 combinational combinational JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 251 3 therapy therapy NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 251 4 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 251 5 effective effective JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 251 6 because because IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 251 7 azithromycin azithromycin NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 251 8 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 251 9 an an DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 251 10 anti anti JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 251 11 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 251 12 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 251 13 agent agent NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 251 14 that that WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 251 15 has have VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 251 16 shown show VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 251 17 efficacy efficacy NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 251 18 against against IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 251 19 Zika Zika NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 251 20 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 251 21 Ebola Ebola NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 251 22 viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 252 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 252 2 Gautret Gautret NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 252 3 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 252 4 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 252 5 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 252 6 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 252 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 252 8 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 253 1 However however RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 253 2 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 253 3 all all DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 253 4 clinical clinical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 253 5 results result NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 253 6 did do VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 253 7 not not RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 253 8 show show VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 253 9 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 253 10 same same JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 253 11 picture picture NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 253 12 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 254 1 In in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 254 2 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 254 3 randomized randomized JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 254 4 study study NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 254 5 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 254 6 China China NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 254 7 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 254 8 patients patient NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 254 9 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 254 10 mild mild JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 254 11 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 254 12 moderate moderate JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 254 13 cases case NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 254 14 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 254 15 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 254 16 did do VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 254 17 not not RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 254 18 show show VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 254 19 recovery recovery NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 254 20 rates rate NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 254 21 when when WRB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 254 22 treated treat VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 254 23 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 254 24 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 254 25 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 254 26 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 1 Likewise likewise RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 2 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 3 another another DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 4 study study NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 5 conducted conduct VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 6 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 7 France France NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 8 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 9 11 11 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 10 hospitalized hospitalize VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 11 cases case NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 12 also also RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 13 failed fail VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 14 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 15 confirm confirm VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 16 anti anti JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 17 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 18 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 19 activity activity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 20 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 21 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 22 when when WRB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 23 administered administer VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 24 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 25 an an DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 26 azithromycin azithromycin NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 28 Yazdany Yazdany NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 29 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 30 Kim Kim NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 31 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 255 33 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 1 A a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 2 reason reason NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 3 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 4 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 5 discrepancy discrepancy NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 6 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 7 effect effect NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 8 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 9 noted note VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 10 among among IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 11 these these DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 12 clinical clinical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 13 trials trial NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 14 could could MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 15 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 16 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 17 dosage dosage NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 18 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 19 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 20 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 21 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 22 selected select VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 23 ; ; : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 24 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 25 higher high JJR cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 26 dose dose NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 27 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 28 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 29 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 30 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 31 may may MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 32 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 33 imparting impart VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 34 untoward untoward JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 35 implications implication NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 36 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 37 especially especially RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 38 if if IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 39 not not RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 40 monitored monitor VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 256 41 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 2 current current JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 3 doses dose NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 4 tested test VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 5 may may MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 6 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 7 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 8 respect respect NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 9 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 10 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 11 antimalarial antimalarial JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 12 effects effect NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 13 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 14 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 15 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 16 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 17 when when WRB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 18 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 19 body body NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 20 encounters encounter VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 21 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 22 deadly deadly JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 23 pathogen pathogen NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 24 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 25 plasmodium plasmodium NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 26 genus genus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 27 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 28 even even RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 29 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 30 respect respect NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 31 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 32 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 33 other other JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 34 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 35 infections infection NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 36 that that WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 37 it -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 38 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 39 tested test VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 40 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 257 41 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 258 1 Since since IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 258 2 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 258 3 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 258 4 effective effective JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 258 5 at at IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 258 6 blocking block VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 258 7 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 258 8 entry entry NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 258 9 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 258 10 it -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 258 11 would would MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 258 12 have have VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 258 13 better well JJR cord-026340-2nf97zvc 258 14 effects effect NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 258 15 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 258 16 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 258 17 prophylactic prophylactic NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 258 18 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 258 19 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 258 20 patients patient NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 258 21 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 258 22 mild mild JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 258 23 symptoms symptom NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 258 24 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 259 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 259 2 also also RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 259 3 see see VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 259 4 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 259 5 trials trial NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 259 6 were be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 259 7 conducted conduct VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 259 8 during during IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 259 9 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 259 10 different different JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 259 11 stages stage NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 259 12 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 259 13 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 259 14 pandemic pandemic NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 259 15 ; ; : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 259 16 at at IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 259 17 severe severe JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 259 18 stages stage NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 259 19 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 259 20 perhaps perhaps RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 259 21 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 259 22 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 259 23 different different JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 259 24 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 259 25 regimen regimen NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 259 26 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 259 27 required require VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 259 28 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 1 Upon upon IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 2 further further JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 3 mutations mutation NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 4 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 5 time time NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 6 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 7 that that WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 8 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 9 seen see VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 10 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 11 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 12 different different JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 13 stages stage NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 14 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 15 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 16 pandemic pandemic NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 18 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 19 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 20 adherence adherence NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 21 propensity propensity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 22 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 23 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 24 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 25 towards towards IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 26 host host NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 27 cells cell NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 28 may may MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 29 change change VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 30 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 31 increased increase VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 33 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 34 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 35 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 36 HQ HQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 37 alone alone RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 38 may may MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 39 not not RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 40 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 41 not not RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 42 alone alone JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 43 sufficient sufficient JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 44 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 45 an an DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 46 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 47 therapy therapy NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 260 48 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 1 At at IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 2 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 3 same same JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 4 time time NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 5 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 6 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 7 toxicity toxicity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 8 profile profile NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 9 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 10 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 11 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 12 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 13 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 14 combination combination NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 15 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 16 azithromycin azithromycin NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 17 versus versus IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 18 azithromycin azithromycin NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 19 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 20 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 21 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 22 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 23 should should MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 24 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 25 conducted conduct VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 26 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 27 rule rule VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 28 out out RP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 29 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 30 toxicity toxicity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 31 arising arise VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 32 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 33 combinational combinational JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 34 therapy therapy NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 36 Gautret Gautret NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 37 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 38 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 39 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 40 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 261 42 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 1 Additional additional JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 2 research research NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 3 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 4 carry carry VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 5 out out RP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 6 research research NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 7 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 8 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 9 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 10 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 11 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 12 emphasized emphasize VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 13 because because IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 14 unlike unlike IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 15 other other JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 16 drugs drug NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 17 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 18 apart apart RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 19 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 20 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 21 ability ability NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 22 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 23 block block VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 24 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 25 infection infection NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 26 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 27 these these DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 28 drugs drug NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 29 also also RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 30 have have VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 31 immunomodulatory immunomodulatory JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 32 effects effect NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 33 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 34 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 35 very very RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 36 much much RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 37 useful useful JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 38 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 39 countering counter VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 40 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 41 initiation initiation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 42 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 43 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 44 cytokine cytokine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 45 storm storm NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 46 seen see VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 47 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 48 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 49 patients patient NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 50 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 51 Conti Conti NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 52 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 53 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 54 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 55 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 56 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 262 57 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 1 Although although IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 2 this this DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 3 review review NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 4 focuses focus VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 5 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 6 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 7 beneficial beneficial JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 8 effects effect NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 9 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 10 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 11 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 12 we -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 13 do do VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 14 not not RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 15 overlook overlook VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 16 some some DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 17 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 18 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 19 precautions precaution NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 20 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 21 evidenced evidence VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 22 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 23 clinical clinical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 24 studies study NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 26 van van NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 27 den den NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 28 Broek Broek NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 29 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 30 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 31 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 32 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 33 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 263 34 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 1 During during IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 2 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 3 course course NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 4 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 5 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 6 prophylactic prophylactic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 7 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 8 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 9 regimen regimen NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 10 involving involve VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 11 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 12 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 13 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 14 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 15 frequent frequent JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 16 monitoring monitoring NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 17 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 18 hematological hematological JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 19 parameters parameter NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 20 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 21 RBC RBC NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 22 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 23 WBC WBC NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 24 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 25 platelet platelet NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 26 counts count NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 27 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 28 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 29 measurement measurement NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 30 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 31 serum serum NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 32 electrolytes electrolyte NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 33 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 34 blood blood NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 35 glucose glucose NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 36 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 37 owing owe VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 38 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 39 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 40 hypoglycemic hypoglycemic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 41 potential potential NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 42 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 43 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 45 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 46 liver liver NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 47 function function NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 48 test test NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 49 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 50 kidney kidney NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 51 function function NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 52 test test NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 53 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 54 electrocardiography electrocardiography NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 55 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 56 warranted warrant VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 57 at at IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 58 time time NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 59 intervals interval NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 60 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 61 rule rule VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 62 out out RP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 63 any any DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 64 toxicity toxicity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 264 65 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 265 1 Combinational combinational JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 265 2 therapy therapy NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 265 3 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 265 4 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 265 5 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 265 6 any any DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 265 7 other other JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 265 8 allopathic allopathic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 265 9 drug drug NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 265 10 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 265 11 it -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 265 12 azithromycin azithromycin NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 265 13 , , . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 266 1 lopinavir/ lopinavir/ CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 266 2 ritonavir ritonavir NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 266 3 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 266 4 remdesivir remdesivir NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 266 5 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 266 6 warranted warrant VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 266 7 only only RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 266 8 after after IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 266 9 testing test VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 266 10 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 266 11 in in FW cord-026340-2nf97zvc 266 12 vitro vitro FW cord-026340-2nf97zvc 266 13 model model NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 266 14 systems system NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 266 15 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 266 16 pre pre JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 266 17 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 266 18 clinical clinical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 266 19 trials trial NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 266 20 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 267 1 Clinical clinical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 267 2 experience experience NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 267 3 has have VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 267 4 shown show VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 267 5 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 267 6 chloroquine chloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 267 7 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 267 8 well well RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 267 9 absorbed absorb VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 267 10 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 267 11 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 267 12 body body NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 267 13 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 267 14 distributes distribute VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 267 15 widely widely RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 267 16 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 267 17 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 267 18 system system NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 267 19 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 268 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 268 2 has have VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 268 3 an an DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 268 4 apparent apparent JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 268 5 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 268 6 terminal terminal JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 268 7 half half JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 268 8 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 268 9 life life NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 268 10 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 268 11 1.6 1.6 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 268 12 days day NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 268 13 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 268 14 2 2 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 268 15 weeks week NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 268 16 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 268 17 respectively respectively RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 269 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 269 2 Smit Smit NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 269 3 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 269 4 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 269 5 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 269 6 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 269 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 269 8 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 270 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 270 2 drug drug NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 270 3 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 270 4 metabolized metabolize VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 270 5 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 270 6 cytochrome cytochrome NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 270 7 P450 p450 JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 270 8 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 270 9 renal renal JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 270 10 clearance clearance NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 270 11 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 270 12 responsible responsible JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 270 13 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 270 14 one one CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 270 15 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 270 16 third third NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 270 17 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 270 18 total total JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 270 19 clearance clearance NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 270 20 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 270 21 chloroquine chloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 270 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 270 23 Smit Smit NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 270 24 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 270 25 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 270 26 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 270 27 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 270 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 270 29 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 271 1 So so RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 271 2 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 271 3 lower low JJR cord-026340-2nf97zvc 271 4 dose dose NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 271 5 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 271 6 it -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 271 7 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 271 8 probable probable JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 271 9 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 271 10 chloroquine chloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 271 11 can can MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 271 12 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 271 13 used use VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 271 14 safely safely RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 271 15 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 271 16 an an DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 271 17 acute acute JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 271 18 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 271 19 infection infection NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 271 20 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 1 But but CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 2 some some DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 3 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 4 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 5 potential potential JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 6 side side NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 7 effects effect NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 8 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 9 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 10 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 11 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 12 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 13 such such JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 14 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 15 retinopathy retinopathy NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 16 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 17 vomiting vomiting NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 18 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 19 diarrhea diarrhea NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 20 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 21 increased increase VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 22 risk risk NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 23 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 24 arrhythmia arrhythmia NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 25 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 26 should should MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 27 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 28 also also RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 29 taken take VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 30 into into IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 272 31 account account NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 273 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 273 2 Conti Conti NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 273 3 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 273 4 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 273 5 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 273 6 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 273 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 1 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 2 we -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 3 presume presume VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 4 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 5 these these DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 6 may may MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 7 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 8 countered counter VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 9 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 10 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 11 combinational combinational JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 12 therapy therapy NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 13 wherein wherein WRB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 14 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 15 beneficial beneficial JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 16 effect effect NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 17 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 18 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 19 may may MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 20 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 21 10 10 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 22 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 23 associated associate VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 24 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 25 azithromycin azithromycin NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 27 500 500 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 28 mg mg NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 29 at at IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 30 day day NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 31 1 1 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 32 followed follow VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 33 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 34 250 250 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 35 mg mg NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 36 once once RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 37 daily daily RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 38 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 39 next next JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 40 4 4 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 41 days day NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 274 42 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 275 1 Therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 275 2 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 275 3 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 275 4 azithromycin azithromycin NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 275 5 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 275 6 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 275 7 treatment treatment NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 275 8 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 275 9 COVID-19 covid-19 NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 275 10 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 275 11 results result NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 275 12 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 275 13 an an DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 275 14 open open JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 275 15 label label NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 275 16 nonrandomized nonrandomize VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 275 17 clinical clinical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 275 18 trial trial NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 276 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 276 2 Gautret Gautret NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 276 3 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 276 4 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 276 5 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 276 6 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 276 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 1 11 11 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 2 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 4 300 300 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 5 mg mg NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 7 once once RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 8 weekly weekly RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 9 alone alone RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 10 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 11 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 12 combination combination NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 13 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 14 proguanil proguanil NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 15 200 200 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 16 mg mg NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 17 daily daily JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 18 Prophylactic Prophylactic NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 19 Compliance Compliance NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 20 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 21 tolerability tolerability NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 22 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 23 mefloquine mefloquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 24 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 25 chloroquine chloroquine NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 26 plus plus CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 27 proguanil proguanil NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 28 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 29 longterm longterm JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 30 malaria malaria NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 31 chemoprophylaxis chemoprophylaxis NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 32 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 33 groups group NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 34 at at IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 35 particular particular JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 36 risk risk NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 38 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 39 military military NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 277 40 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 278 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 278 2 Peragallo Peragallo NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 278 3 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 278 4 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 278 5 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 278 6 1999 1999 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 278 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 1 12 12 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 2 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 4 100 100 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 5 mg mg NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 7 daily daily JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 8 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 9 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 10 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 11 300 300 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 12 mg mg NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 13 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 14 weekly weekly JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 15 Prophylactic prophylactic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 16 Protecting protect VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 17 Chinese chinese JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 18 healthcare healthcare NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 19 workers worker NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 20 while while IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 21 combating combat VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 22 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 23 2019 2019 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 24 novel novel NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 25 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 27 Zhou Zhou NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 28 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 29 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 30 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 31 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 32 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 33 13 13 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 34 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 35 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 36 500 500 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 37 mg mg NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 38 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 39 once once IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 40 weekly weekly JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 41 Prophylactic Prophylactic NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 42 Landscape Landscape NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 43 analysis analysis NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 44 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 45 therapeutics therapeutic NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 46 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 47 21st 21st JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 48 March March NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 279 49 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 280 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 280 2 WHO who WP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 280 3 2020a 2020a CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 280 4 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 281 1 14 14 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 281 2 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 281 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 281 4 500 500 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 281 5 mg mg NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 281 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 282 1 twice twice RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 282 2 daily daily RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 282 3 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 282 4 10 10 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 282 5 days day NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 283 1 Prophylactic Prophylactic NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 283 2 Expert Expert NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 283 3 consensus consensus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 283 4 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 283 5 chloroquine chloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 283 6 phosphate phosphate NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 283 7 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 283 8 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 283 9 treatment treatment NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 283 10 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 283 11 novel novel JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 283 12 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 283 13 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 284 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 284 2 Jie Jie NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 284 3 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 284 4 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 284 5 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 284 6 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 284 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 285 1 15 15 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 285 2 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 285 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 285 4 400 400 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 285 5 mg mg NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 285 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 285 7 twice twice RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 285 8 daily daily RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 285 9 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 285 10 followed follow VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 285 11 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 285 12 once once RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 285 13 weekly weekly JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 285 14 Prophylactic Prophylactic NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 285 15 Indian Indian NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 285 16 Council Council NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 285 17 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 285 18 Medical Medical NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 285 19 Research Research NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 285 20 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 286 1 Advisory advisory NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 286 2 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 286 3 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 286 4 use use NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 286 5 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 286 6 hydroxy hydroxy NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 286 7 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 286 8 chloroquine chloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 286 9 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 286 10 prophylaxis prophylaxis NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 286 11 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 286 12 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 286 13 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 286 14 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 286 15 infection infection NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 286 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 286 17 ICMR ICMR NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 286 18 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 286 19 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 286 20 Kalantri Kalantri NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 286 21 et et FW cord-026340-2nf97zvc 286 22 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 286 23 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 287 1 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 287 2 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 288 1 16 16 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 288 2 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 288 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 288 4 500 500 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 288 5 mg mg NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 288 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 288 7 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 288 8 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 288 9 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 288 10 1200 1200 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 288 11 mg mg NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 288 12 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 289 1 Prophylactic prophylactic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 289 2 Systematic systematic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 289 3 review review NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 289 4 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 289 5 hydroxychloroquine hydroxychloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 289 6 use use NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 289 7 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 289 8 pregnant pregnant JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 289 9 patients patient NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 289 10 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 289 11 autoimmune autoimmune JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 289 12 diseases disease NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 289 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 289 14 Shah Shah NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 289 15 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 289 16 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 289 17 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 290 1 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 290 2 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 1 17 17 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 2 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 3 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 4 6 6 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 5 mg mg NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 6 / / SYM cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 7 kg kg NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 8 / / SYM cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 9 day day NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 10 1 1 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 12 loading loading NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 13 dose dose NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 14 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 15 followed follow VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 16 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 17 5 5 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 18 mg mg NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 19 / / SYM cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 20 kg kg NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 21 / / SYM cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 22 day day NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 24 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 25 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 26 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 27 maximum maximum JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 28 limit limit NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 29 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 30 600 600 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 31 mg mg NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 32 / / SYM cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 33 day day NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 34 Post Post NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 35 exposure exposure NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 36 Coalition coalition NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 37 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 38 advocacy advocacy NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 39 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 40 prospective prospective JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 41 clinical clinical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 42 trials trial NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 43 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 44 test test VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 45 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 46 post post NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 47 exposure exposure NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 48 potential potential NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 49 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 50 hydroxychloroquine hydroxychloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 51 against against IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 52 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 53 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 54 Picot Picot NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 55 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 56 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 291 57 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 292 1 retained retain VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 292 2 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 292 3 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 292 4 toxicity toxicity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 292 5 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 292 6 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 292 7 may may MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 292 8 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 292 9 alleviated alleviate VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 292 10 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 293 1 Table table NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 293 2 1 1 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 293 3 gives give VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 293 4 framework framework NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 293 5 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 293 6 some some DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 293 7 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 293 8 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 293 9 research research NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 293 10 work work NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 293 11 published publish VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 293 12 using use VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 293 13 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 293 14 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 293 15 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 293 16 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 293 17 suggested suggest VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 293 18 drug drug NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 293 19 doses dose NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 293 20 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 293 21 treatment treatment NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 293 22 regimen regimen NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 293 23 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 293 24 COVID COVID NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 293 25 19 19 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 293 26 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 1 While while IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 2 this this DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 3 article article NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 4 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 5 under under IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 6 revision revision NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 7 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 8 we -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 9 came come VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 10 across across IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 11 an an DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 12 extensive extensive JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 13 collaborative collaborative JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 14 study study NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 15 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 16 Picot Picot NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 17 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 18 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 19 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 20 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 21 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 22 stated state VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 23 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 24 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 25 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 26 current current JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 27 context context NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 28 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 29 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 30 severe severe JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 31 worldwide worldwide JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 32 health health NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 33 emergency emergency NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 34 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 35 it -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 36 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 37 practical practical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 38 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 39 clinicians clinician NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 40 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 41 use use VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 42 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 43 even even RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 44 if if IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 45 it -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 46 can can MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 47 only only RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 48 reduce reduce VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 49 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 50 load load NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 51 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 52 10 10 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 53 - - SYM cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 54 30 30 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 55 % % NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 294 56 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 295 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 295 2 mentioned mention VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 295 3 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 295 4 these these DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 295 5 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 295 6 effective effective JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 295 7 measures measure NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 295 8 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 295 9 reducing reduce VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 295 10 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 295 11 spread spread NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 295 12 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 295 13 improving improve VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 295 14 clinical clinical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 295 15 outcome outcome NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 295 16 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 295 17 health health NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 295 18 care care NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 295 19 workers worker NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 295 20 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 1 They -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 2 have have VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 3 stated state VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 4 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 5 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 6 at at IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 7 doses dose NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 8 matching match VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 9 that that DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 10 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 11 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 12 standard standard JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 13 treatment treatment NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 14 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 15 Systemic Systemic NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 16 Lupus Lupus NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 17 erythematous erythematous JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 18 [ [ -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 19 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 20 has have VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 21 proven prove VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 22 safety safety NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 23 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 24 efficacy efficacy NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 25 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 26 terms term NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 27 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 28 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 29 blood blood NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 30 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 31 tissue tissue NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 32 concentration concentration NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 33 adapted adapt VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 34 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 35 bodyweight bodyweight VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 36 at at IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 37 6 6 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 38 mg mg NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 39 / / SYM cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 40 kg kg NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 41 / / SYM cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 42 day day NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 43 1 1 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 44 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 45 loading loading NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 46 dose dose NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 47 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 48 followed follow VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 49 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 50 5 5 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 51 mg mg NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 52 / / SYM cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 53 kg kg NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 54 / / SYM cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 55 day day NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 56 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 57 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 58 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 59 maximum maximum JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 60 limit limit NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 61 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 62 600 600 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 63 mg mg NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 64 / / SYM cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 65 day day NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 66 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 67 all all DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 68 cases case NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 69 ] ] -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 70 can can MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 71 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 72 used use VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 73 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 74 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 75 drug drug NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 76 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 77 exposed expose VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 78 people people NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 296 79 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 297 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 297 2 duration duration NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 297 3 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 297 4 HCQ HCQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 297 5 treatment treatment NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 297 6 can can MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 297 7 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 297 8 as as RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 297 9 long long RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 297 10 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 297 11 contact contact NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 297 12 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 297 13 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 297 14 positive positive JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 297 15 patient patient NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 297 16 lasts last VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 297 17 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 1 In in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 2 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 3 case case NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 4 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 5 repeated repeat VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 6 exposure exposure NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 7 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 8 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 9 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 10 then then RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 11 treatment treatment NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 12 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 13 suggested suggest VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 14 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 15 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 16 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 17 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 18 min min NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 19 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 20 10 10 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 21 days day NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 22 so so IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 23 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 24 there there EX cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 25 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 26 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 27 steady steady JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 28 state state NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 29 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 30 drug drug NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 31 concentration concentration NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 32 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 33 blood blood NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 34 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 35 Picot Picot NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 36 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 298 38 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 2 also also RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 3 include include VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 4 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 5 this this DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 6 article article NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 7 some some DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 8 details detail NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 9 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 10 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 11 pilot pilot NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 12 study study NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 13 where where WRB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 14 we -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 15 tested test VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 16 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 17 effect effect NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 18 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 19 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 20 combination combination NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 21 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 22 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 23 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 24 Sigma Sigma NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 25 Aldrich Aldrich NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 26 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 27 USA USA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 28 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 29 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 30 betulinic betulinic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 31 acid acid NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 33 Sigma Sigma NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 34 Aldrich Aldrich NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 35 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 36 USA USA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 37 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 38 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 39 lysosomal lysosomal JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 40 function function NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 41 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 42 mononuclear mononuclear JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 43 cells cell NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 44 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 45 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 46 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 47 absence absence NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 48 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 49 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 50 pathogen pathogen NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 299 51 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 1 BA BA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 2 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 3 3β 3β CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 4 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 5 hydroxy hydroxy NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 6 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 7 lup-20(29)-en-28-oic lup-20(29)-en-28-oic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 8 acid acid NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 9 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 10 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 11 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 12 triterpenoid triterpenoid NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 13 belonging belong VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 14 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 15 lupane lupane NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 16 series series NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 17 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 18 has have VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 19 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 20 wide wide JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 21 range range NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 22 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 23 pharmacological pharmacological JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 24 properties property NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 25 like like IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 26 topoisomerase topoisomerase NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 27 inhibitory inhibitory JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 28 potential potential NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 29 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 30 Chowdhuri Chowdhuri NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 31 et et FW cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 32 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 33 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 34 2002 2002 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 35 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 36 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 37 anti anti JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 38 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 39 cancer cancer JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 41 Ren Ren NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 42 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 43 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 44 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 45 2010 2010 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 46 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 47 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 48 anti anti JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 49 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 50 malarial malarial JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 51 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 52 de de FW cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 53 Sa Sa NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 54 et et FW cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 55 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 56 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 57 2009 2009 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 58 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 59 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 60 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 61 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 62 Pavlova Pavlova NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 63 et et FW cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 64 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 65 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 66 2003 2003 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 67 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 68 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 69 anti anti JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 70 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 71 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 72 properties property NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 73 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 74 Chowdhuri Chowdhuri NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 75 et et FW cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 76 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 77 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 78 2002 2002 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 300 79 ; ; : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 301 1 Vijayan Vijayan NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 301 2 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 301 3 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 301 4 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 301 5 2011 2011 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 301 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 301 7 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 302 1 BA BA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 302 2 can can MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 302 3 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 302 4 extracted extract VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 302 5 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 302 6 bark bark NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 302 7 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 302 8 birch birch NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 302 9 tree tree NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 302 10 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 302 11 many many JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 302 12 other other JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 302 13 plant plant NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 302 14 sources source NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 302 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 302 16 Moghaddami Moghaddami NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 302 17 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 302 18 Ahmad Ahmad NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 302 19 2012 2012 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 302 20 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 302 21 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 1 Purified purify VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 2 form form NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 3 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 4 botanicals botanical NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 5 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 6 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 7 rich rich JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 8 resource resource NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 9 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 10 novel novel JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 11 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 12 drugs drug NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 13 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 14 these these DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 15 can can MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 16 interact interact VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 17 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 18 different different JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 19 stages stage NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 20 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 21 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 22 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 23 life life NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 24 cycle cycle NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 25 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 26 such such JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 27 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 28 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 29 entry entry NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 30 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 31 replication replication NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 32 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 33 assembly assembly NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 34 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 35 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 36 release release NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 37 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 38 as as RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 39 well well RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 40 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 41 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 42 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 43 targeting targeting NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 44 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 45 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 46 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 47 host host NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 48 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 49 specific specific JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 50 interactions interaction NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 303 51 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 304 1 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 304 2 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 304 3 itself -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 304 4 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 304 5 synthetic synthetic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 304 6 form form NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 304 7 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 304 8 quinine quinine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 304 9 isolated isolate VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 304 10 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 304 11 barks bark NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 304 12 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 304 13 barks bark NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 304 14 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 304 15 cinchona cinchona NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 304 16 trees tree NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 304 17 native native JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 304 18 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 304 19 Peru Peru NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 304 20 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 305 1 So so RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 305 2 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 305 3 it -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 305 4 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 305 5 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 305 6 interest interest NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 305 7 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 305 8 check check VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 305 9 whether whether IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 305 10 BA BA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 305 11 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 305 12 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 305 13 exerted exert VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 305 14 an an DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 305 15 additive additive NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 305 16 effect effect NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 305 17 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 305 18 lysosomal lysosomal JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 305 19 function function NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 305 20 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 306 1 Briefly briefly RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 306 2 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 306 3 mononuclear mononuclear NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 306 4 cells cell NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 306 5 were be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 306 6 isolated isolate VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 306 7 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 306 8 healthy healthy JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 306 9 volunteers volunteer NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 306 10 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 306 11 density density NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 306 12 gradient gradient NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 306 13 centrifugation centrifugation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 306 14 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 306 15 detailed detail VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 306 16 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 306 17 Vijayan Vijayan NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 306 18 et et NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 306 19 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 306 20 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 307 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 307 2 2011 2011 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 307 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 307 4 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 308 1 Blood blood NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 308 2 collected collect VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 308 3 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 308 4 heparinized heparinize VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 308 5 tubes tube NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 308 6 were be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 308 7 loaded load VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 308 8 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 308 9 Histopaque-1077 Histopaque-1077 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 309 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 309 2 Sigma Sigma NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 309 3 Aldrich Aldrich NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 309 4 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 309 5 USA USA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 309 6 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 309 7 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 309 8 centrifuged centrifuge VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 309 9 at at IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 309 10 800 800 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 309 11 rpm rpm NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 309 12 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 309 13 30 30 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 309 14 min min NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 309 15 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 310 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 310 2 buffy buffy NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 310 3 coat coat NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 310 4 layer layer NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 310 5 at at IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 310 6 interface interface NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 310 7 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 310 8 retrieved retrieve VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 310 9 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 310 10 plated plate VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 310 11 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 310 12 type type NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 310 13 I -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 310 14 collagen collagen NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 310 15 coated coated JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 310 16 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 310 17 culture culture NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 310 18 dishes dish NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 310 19 containing contain VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 310 20 RPMI-1640 rpmi-1640 NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 310 21 media medium NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 310 22 containing contain VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 310 23 10 10 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 310 24 % % NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 310 25 FBS FBS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 310 26 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 311 1 After after IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 311 2 4 4 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 311 3 h h NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 311 4 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 311 5 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 311 6 media medium NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 311 7 were be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 311 8 carefully carefully RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 311 9 changed change VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 311 10 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 311 11 remove remove VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 311 12 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 311 13 floating float VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 311 14 lymphocytes lymphocyte NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 311 15 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 312 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 312 2 adherent adherent JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 312 3 mononuclear mononuclear NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 312 4 cells cell NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 312 5 were be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 312 6 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 312 7 cultured culture VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 312 8 till till IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 312 9 plate plate NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 312 10 reached reach VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 312 11 75 75 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 312 12 - - SYM cord-026340-2nf97zvc 312 13 80 80 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 312 14 % % NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 312 15 confluency confluency NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 312 16 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 312 17 2 2 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 312 18 - - SYM cord-026340-2nf97zvc 312 19 3 3 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 312 20 days day NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 312 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 312 22 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 1 Cells cell NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 2 were be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 3 then then RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 4 shifted shift VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 5 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 6 media medium NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 7 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 8 autologous autologous JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 9 serum serum NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 10 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 11 exposed expose VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 12 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 13 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 14 standardized standardized JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 15 concentration concentration NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 16 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 17 chloroquine chloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 18 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 19 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 20 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 21 2.5 2.5 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 22 micromolar micromolar JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 23 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 24 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 25 betulinic betulinic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 26 acid acid NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 28 BA BA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 29 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 30 10 10 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 31 ng ng NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 32 / / SYM cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 33 ml ml NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 34 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 35 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 36 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 37 combination combination NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 38 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 39 both both DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 40 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 41 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 42 + + CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 43 BA BA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 44 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 313 45 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 1 BA BA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 2 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 3 pre pre VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 4 - - VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 5 treated treat VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 6 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 7 20 20 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 8 min min NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 9 prior prior RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 10 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 11 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 12 addition addition NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 13 that that WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 14 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 15 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 16 4 4 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 17 h. h. NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 18 β β NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 19 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 20 hexosaminidase hexosaminidase NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 21 activity activity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 22 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 23 determined determine VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 24 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 25 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 26 lysates lysate NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 27 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 28 colorimetric colorimetric JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 29 assay assay NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 30 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 31 previously previously RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 32 described describe VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 33 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 34 Lew Lew NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 35 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 36 Rarrazzi Rarrazzi NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 37 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 38 1991 1991 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 39 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 314 40 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 1 Lysed lysed JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 2 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 3 extracts extract NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 4 prepared prepare VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 5 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 6 repeated repeated JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 7 freeze freeze NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 8 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 9 thaw thaw VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 10 cycles cycle NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 11 from from IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 12 basal basal NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 13 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 14 CQ- CQ- NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 15 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 16 BA BA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 17 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 18 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 19 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 20 + + CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 21 BA BA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 22 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 23 treated treat VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 24 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 25 cultures culture NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 26 were be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 27 incubated incubate VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 28 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 29 p p NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 30 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 31 Nitrophenyl-2-deoxy Nitrophenyl-2-deoxy NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 32 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 33 β β NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 34 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 35 d d NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 36 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 37 glucosaminide glucosaminide NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 38 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 39 5 5 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 40 mM mm CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 41 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 42 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 43 0.1-M 0.1-m CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 44 citrate citrate NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 45 / / SYM cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 46 phosphate phosphate NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 47 buffer buffer NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 48 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 49 pH pH NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 50 4.5 4.5 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 51 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 52 1 1 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 315 53 h. h. NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 316 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 316 2 p p NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 316 3 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 316 4 nitrophenol nitrophenol NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 316 5 released release VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 316 6 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 316 7 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 316 8 enzyme enzyme NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 316 9 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 316 10 dependent dependent JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 316 11 hydrolysis hydrolysis NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 316 12 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 316 13 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 316 14 substrate substrate NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 316 15 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 316 16 quantified quantify VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 316 17 spectrophotometrically spectrophotometrically RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 317 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 317 2 Shimadzu Shimadzu NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 317 3 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 317 4 Japan Japan NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 317 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 317 6 at at IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 317 7 405-nm 405-nm CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 317 8 wavelength wavelength NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 317 9 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 318 1 Units unit NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 318 2 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 318 3 activity activity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 318 4 were be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 318 5 defined define VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 318 6 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 318 7 nanomoles nanomole NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 318 8 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 318 9 substrate substrate NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 318 10 per per IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 318 11 hour hour NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 318 12 per per IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 318 13 mg mg NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 318 14 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 318 15 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 1 Results result NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 2 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 3 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 4 study study NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 5 demonstrate demonstrate VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 6 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 7 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 8 combination combination NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 9 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 10 BA BA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 11 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 12 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 13 has have VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 14 greater great JJR cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 15 effect effect NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 16 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 17 reducing reduce VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 18 lysosomal lysosomal JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 19 activity activity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 20 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 21 compared compare VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 22 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 23 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 24 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 25 BA BA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 26 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 27 Fig Fig NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 28 . . NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 29 2 2 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 30 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 319 31 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 320 1 This this DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 320 2 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 320 3 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 320 4 pilot pilot NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 320 5 experiment experiment NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 320 6 conducted conduct VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 320 7 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 320 8 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 320 9 absence absence NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 320 10 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 320 11 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 320 12 cargo cargo NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 320 13 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 1 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 2 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 3 known know VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 4 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 5 inhibiting inhibit VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 6 autophagy autophagy NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 7 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 8 impairing impair VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 9 autophagosome autophagosome JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 10 fusion fusion NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 11 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 12 lysosomes lysosome NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 13 rather rather RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 14 than than IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 15 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 16 affecting affect VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 17 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 18 acidity acidity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 19 and/or and/or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 20 degradative degradative JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 21 activity activity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 22 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 23 this this DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 24 organelle organelle NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 25 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 26 Mauthe Mauthe NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 27 et et FW cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 28 al al NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 29 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 30 2018 2018 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 31 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 321 32 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 322 1 So so RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 322 2 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 322 3 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 322 4 reason reason NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 322 5 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 322 6 reduction reduction NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 322 7 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 322 8 activity activity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 322 9 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 322 10 lysosome lysosome NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 322 11 enzyme enzyme NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 322 12 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 322 13 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 322 14 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 322 15 seen see VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 322 16 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 322 17 our -PRON- PRP$ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 322 18 pilot pilot NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 322 19 study study NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 322 20 requires require VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 322 21 investigation investigation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 322 22 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 323 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 323 2 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 323 3 assuming assume VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 323 4 reduction reduction NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 323 5 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 323 6 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 323 7 count count NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 323 8 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 323 9 activity activity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 323 10 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 323 11 lysosomes lysosome NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 323 12 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 323 13 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 323 14 exposure exposure NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 323 15 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 324 1 But but CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 324 2 whether whether IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 324 3 BA BA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 324 4 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 324 5 potentiating potentiate VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 324 6 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 324 7 effect effect NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 324 8 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 324 9 not not RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 324 10 requires require VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 324 11 more more RBR cord-026340-2nf97zvc 324 12 sophisticated sophisticated JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 324 13 experimentations experimentation NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 324 14 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 324 15 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 324 16 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 324 17 futuristic futuristic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 324 18 aspect aspect NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 324 19 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 1 We -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 2 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 3 hoping hope VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 4 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 5 if if IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 6 we -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 7 can can MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 8 lower lower VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 9 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 10 dose dose NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 11 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 12 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 13 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 14 including include VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 15 BA BA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 16 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 17 such such JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 18 combinational combinational JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 19 therapy therapy NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 20 Basal Basal NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 21 C c NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 22 Q q NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 23 C c NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 24 Q+BA q+ba NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 25 BA BA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 26 Beta Beta NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 27 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 28 hexosaminidase hexosaminidase NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 29 Activity Activity NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 30 Fig Fig NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 325 31 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 326 1 2 2 LS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 327 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 327 2 effect effect NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 327 3 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 327 4 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 327 5 combination combination NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 327 6 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 327 7 betulinic betulinic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 327 8 acid acid NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 327 9 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 327 10 chloroquine chloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 327 11 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 327 12 lysosomal lysosomal JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 327 13 function function NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 327 14 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 327 15 evidenced evidence VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 327 16 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 327 17 beta beta JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 327 18 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 327 19 hexosaminidase hexosaminidase NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 327 20 activity activity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 327 21 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 327 22 mononuclear mononuclear JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 327 23 cells cell NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 327 24 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 328 1 Units unit NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 328 2 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 328 3 activity activity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 328 4 were be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 328 5 defined define VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 328 6 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 328 7 nanomoles nanomole NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 328 8 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 328 9 substrate substrate NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 328 10 per per IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 328 11 hour hour NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 328 12 per per IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 328 13 mg mg NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 328 14 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 328 15 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 329 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 329 2 results result NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 329 3 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 329 4 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 329 5 mean mean NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 329 6 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 329 7 3 3 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 329 8 experiments experiment NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 329 9 where where WRB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 329 10 each each DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 329 11 experiment experiment NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 329 12 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 329 13 conducted conduct VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 329 14 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 329 15 duplicate duplicate NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 329 16 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 330 1 Statistical statistical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 330 2 analysis analysis NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 330 3 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 330 4 conducted conduct VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 330 5 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 330 6 ANOVA ANOVA NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 330 7 followed follow VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 330 8 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 330 9 Duncan Duncan NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 330 10 test test NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 330 11 using use VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 330 12 SPSS SPSS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 330 13 software software NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 330 14 can can MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 330 15 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 330 16 considered consider VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 330 17 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 330 18 improving improve VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 330 19 efficacy efficacy NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 330 20 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 330 21 treatment treatment NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 330 22 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 330 23 conditions condition NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 330 24 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 330 25 pathogen pathogen NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 330 26 overload overload NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 330 27 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 331 1 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 331 2 has have VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 331 3 been be VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 331 4 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 331 5 pharmaceutical pharmaceutical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 331 6 industry industry NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 331 7 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 331 8 50 50 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 331 9 years year NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 331 10 now now RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 331 11 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 1 It -PRON- PRP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 2 has have VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 3 low low JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 4 cost cost NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 5 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 6 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 7 reasonably reasonably RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 8 safe safe JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 9 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 10 use use VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 11 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 12 widely widely RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 13 available available JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 14 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 15 countries country NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 16 where where WRB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 17 malaria malaria NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 18 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 19 endemic endemic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 20 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 21 but but CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 22 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 23 usage usage NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 24 warrants warrant NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 25 frequent frequent JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 26 monitoring monitoring NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 27 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 28 physiological physiological JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 29 parameters parameter NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 30 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 31 avoid avoid VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 32 any any DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 33 adverse adverse JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 34 effects effect NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 332 35 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 333 1 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 333 2 has have VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 333 3 distinct distinct JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 333 4 ways way NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 333 5 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 333 6 attacking attack VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 333 7 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 333 8 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 333 9 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 334 1 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 334 2 interferes interfere VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 334 3 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 334 4 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 334 5 glycosylation glycosylation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 334 6 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 334 7 cellular cellular JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 334 8 receptor receptor NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 334 9 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 334 10 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 334 11 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 334 12 CoV CoV NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 334 13 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 334 14 block block VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 334 15 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 334 16 infection infection NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 334 17 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 335 1 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 335 2 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 335 3 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 335 4 quinone quinone NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 335 5 reductase-2 reductase-2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 335 6 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 335 7 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 335 8 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 335 9 involved involve VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 335 10 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 335 11 sialic sialic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 335 12 acid acid NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 335 13 biosynthesis biosynthesis NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 335 14 required require VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 335 15 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 335 16 ligand ligand NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 335 17 recognition recognition NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 335 18 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 336 1 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 336 2 changes change VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 336 3 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 336 4 pH ph NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 336 5 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 336 6 lysosomes lysosome NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 336 7 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 336 8 likely likely RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 336 9 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 336 10 cathepsins cathepsin NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 336 11 that that WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 336 12 lead lead VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 336 13 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 336 14 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 336 15 formation formation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 336 16 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 336 17 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 336 18 autophagosome autophagosome NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 336 19 which which WDT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 336 20 cleaves cleave VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 336 21 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 336 22 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 336 23 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 336 24 spike spike NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 336 25 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 336 26 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 337 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 337 2 potency potency NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 337 3 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 337 4 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 337 5 can can MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 337 6 be be VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 337 7 increased increase VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 337 8 when when WRB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 337 9 used use VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 337 10 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 337 11 an an DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 337 12 anti anti JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 337 13 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 337 14 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 337 15 agent agent NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 337 16 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 338 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 338 2 Government Government NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 338 3 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 338 4 India India NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 338 5 has have VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 338 6 put put VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 338 7 up up RP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 338 8 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 338 9 platform platform NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 338 10 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 338 11 identifying identify VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 338 12 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 338 13 use use NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 338 14 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 338 15 botanicals botanical NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 338 16 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 338 17 treat treat VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 338 18 disorders disorder NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 338 19 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 339 1 In in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 339 2 that that DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 339 3 context context NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 339 4 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 339 5 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 339 6 effect effect NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 339 7 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 339 8 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 339 9 botanical botanical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 339 10 like like IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 339 11 betulinic betulinic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 339 12 acid acid NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 339 13 was be VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 339 14 tested test VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 339 15 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 340 1 This this DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 340 2 botanical botanical NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 340 3 has have VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 340 4 reported report VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 340 5 that that IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 340 6 anti anti JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 340 7 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 340 8 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 340 9 effect effect NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 340 10 may may MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 340 11 aid aid VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 340 12 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 340 13 reduce reduce VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 340 14 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 340 15 dose dose NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 340 16 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 340 17 CQ CQ NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 340 18 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 340 19 prophylactic prophylactic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 340 20 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 340 21 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 340 22 regimen regimen NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 340 23 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 341 1 Pre pre JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 341 2 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 341 3 clinical clinical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 341 4 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 341 5 clinical clinical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 341 6 studies study NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 341 7 are be VBP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 341 8 required require VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 341 9 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 341 10 confirm confirm VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 341 11 this this DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 341 12 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 1 Recent recent JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 2 progress progress NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 3 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 4 challenges challenge NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 5 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 6 drug drug NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 7 development development NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 8 against against IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 9 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 10 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 11 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 12 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 13 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 14 CoV-2)-an CoV-2)-an NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 15 update update NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 16 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 17 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 18 status status NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 19 Surviving survive VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 20 sepsis sepsis NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 21 campaign campaign NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 22 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 23 guidelines guideline NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 24 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 25 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 26 management management NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 27 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 28 critically critically RB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 29 ill ill JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 30 adults adult NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 31 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 32 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 33 disease disease NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 342 34 2019 2019 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 2 COVID-19 covid-19 VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 3 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 4 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 5 proximal proximal JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 6 origin origin NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 7 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 8 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 9 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 10 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 11 Interim interim JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 12 clinical clinical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 13 guidelines guideline NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 14 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 15 patients patient NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 16 suspected suspect VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 17 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 18 / / SYM cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 19 confirmed confirm VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 20 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 21 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 22 infection infection NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 23 Mechanisms Mechanisms NNPS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 24 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 25 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 26 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 27 entry entry NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 28 mediated mediate VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 29 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 30 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 31 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 32 spike spike NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 33 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 34 Examination examination NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 35 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 36 potential potential JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 37 inhibitors inhibitor NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 38 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 39 A a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 40 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 41 uncoating uncoate VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 42 Bats bat NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 43 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 44 important important JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 45 reservoir reservoir NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 46 hosts host NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 47 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 48 emerging emerge VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 49 viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 50 Effects effect NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 51 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 52 lysosomotropic lysosomotropic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 53 weak weak JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 54 bases basis NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 55 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 56 infection infection NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 57 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 58 BHK-21 BHK-21 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 59 cells cell NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 60 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 61 Sindbis Sindbis NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 62 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 63 mnote mnote NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 64 s s NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 65 / / SYM cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 66 proto proto JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 67 col col NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 68 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 69 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 70 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 71 treat treat NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 72 ment ment NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 73 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 74 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 75 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 76 confi confi NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 77 rmedc rmedc NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 78 ovid-19 ovid-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 79 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 80 5e5e2 5e5e2 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 81 781e8 781e8 VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 82 6c5d0 6c5d0 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 83 001f7 001f7 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 84 7303 7303 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 85 Severe severe JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 86 acute acute JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 87 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 88 syndrome syndrome NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 89 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 90 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 91 an an DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 92 agent agent NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 93 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 94 emerging emerge VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 95 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 96 reemerging reemerge VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 97 infection infection NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 98 Antistress Antistress NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 99 effects effect NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 100 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 101 bacosides bacoside NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 102 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 103 Bacopa Bacopa NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 104 monnieri monnieri NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 105 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 106 modulation modulation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 107 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 108 Hsp70 Hsp70 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 109 expression expression NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 110 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 111 superoxide superoxide NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 112 dismutase dismutase NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 113 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 114 cytochrome cytochrome NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 115 P450 p450 JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 116 activity activity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 117 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 118 rat rat NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 119 brain brain NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 120 Pitfalls pitfall NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 121 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 122 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 123 discovery discovery NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 124 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 125 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 126 chronicle chronicle NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 127 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 128 chloroquine chloroquine NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 129 Chlorpquine Chlorpquine NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 130 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 131 amebiasis amebiasis NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 132 Induction Induction NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 133 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 134 pro pro JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 135 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 136 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 137 cytokines cytokine NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 138 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 139 IL-1 IL-1 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 140 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 141 IL-6 IL-6 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 142 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 143 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 144 lung lung NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 145 inflammation inflammation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 146 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 343 147 coronavirus-19 coronavirus-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 2 COVI-19 covi-19 JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 3 or or CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 4 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 5 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 6 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 7 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 8 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 9 anti anti JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 10 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 11 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 12 strategies strategy NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 13 Antimalarial Antimalarial NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 14 activity activity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 15 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 16 betulinic betulinic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 17 acid acid NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 18 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 19 derivatives derivative NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 20 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 21 vitro vitro FW cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 22 against against IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 23 Plasmodium Plasmodium NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 24 falciparum falciparum NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 25 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 26 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 27 vivo vivo NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 28 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 29 P. P. NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 30 bergheiinfected bergheiinfecte VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 344 31 mice mouse NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 345 1 New new JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 345 2 insights insight NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 345 3 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 345 4 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 345 5 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 345 6 effects effect NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 345 7 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 345 8 chloroquine chloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 345 9 against against IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 345 10 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 346 1 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 346 2 what what WP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 346 3 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 346 4 expect expect VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 346 5 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 346 6 COVID-19 covid-19 NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 346 7 ? ? . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 1 Discovering discover VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 2 drugs drug NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 3 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 4 treat treat VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 5 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 6 disease disease NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 7 2019 2019 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 8 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 9 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 10 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 11 Mount Mount NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 12 Sinai Sinai NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 13 health health NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 14 system system NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 15 treatment treatment NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 16 guidelines guideline NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 17 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 18 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 19 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 20 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 21 infection infection NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 22 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 23 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 24 Novel Novel NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 25 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 26 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 27 severe severe JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 28 acute acute JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 29 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 30 syndrome syndrome NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 31 Breakthrough breakthrough NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 32 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 33 chloroquine chloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 34 phosphate phosphate NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 35 has have VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 36 shown show VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 37 apparent apparent JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 38 efficacy efficacy NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 39 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 40 treatment treatment NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 41 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 42 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 43 associated associated JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 44 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 45 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 46 clinical clinical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 47 studies study NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 48 Hydroxychloroquine Hydroxychloroquine NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 49 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 50 azithromycin azithromycin NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 51 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 52 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 53 treatment treatment NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 54 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 55 COVID-19 covid-19 NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 56 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 57 results result NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 58 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 59 an an DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 60 open open JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 61 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 62 label label NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 63 non non JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 64 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 65 randomized randomized JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 66 clinical clinical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 67 trial trial NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 68 Tissue tissue NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 69 distribution distribution NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 70 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 71 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 72 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 73 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 74 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 75 functional functional JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 76 receptor receptor NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 77 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 78 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 79 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 347 80 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 348 1 A a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 348 2 first first JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 348 3 step step NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 348 4 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 348 5 understanding understand VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 348 6 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 348 7 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 348 8 Caution caution NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 348 9 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 348 10 clarity clarity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 348 11 required require VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 348 12 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 348 13 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 348 14 use use NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 348 15 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 348 16 chloroquine chloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 348 17 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 348 18 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 348 19 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 1 www.thela www.thela NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 2 ncet.com/rheum ncet.com/rheum NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 3 atolo atolo NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 4 gy gy NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 5 Advisory Advisory NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 6 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 7 use use NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 8 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 9 hydroxy hydroxy NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 10 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 11 chloroquine chloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 12 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 13 prophylaxis prophylaxis NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 14 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 15 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 16 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 17 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 18 infection infection NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 19 Expert expert NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 20 consensus consensus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 21 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 22 chloroquine chloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 23 phosphate phosphate NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 24 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 25 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 26 treatment treatment NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 27 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 28 novel novel JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 29 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 30 pneumonia pneumonia NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 31 Hydroxychloroquine Hydroxychloroquine NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 32 prophylaxis prophylaxis NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 33 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 34 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 35 contacts contact NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 36 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 37 India India NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 38 Molecular Molecular NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 39 evolution evolution NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 40 analysis analysis NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 41 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 42 geographic geographic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 43 investigation investigation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 44 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 45 severe severe JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 46 acute acute JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 47 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 48 syndrome syndrome NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 49 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 50 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 51 like like JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 52 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 53 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 54 palm palm NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 55 civets civet NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 56 at at IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 57 an an DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 58 animal animal NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 59 market market NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 60 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 61 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 62 farms farm NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 63 Toll toll NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 64 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 65 like like JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 66 receptors receptor NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 67 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 68 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 69 innate innate JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 70 immunity immunity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 71 Mitogenic Mitogenic NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 72 effect effect NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 73 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 74 lysosomal lysosomal JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 75 hydrolases hydrolase NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 76 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 77 bovine bovine JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 78 tracheal tracheal NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 79 myocytes myocyte NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 80 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 81 culture culture NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 82 Therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 83 options option NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 84 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 85 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 86 2019 2019 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 87 novel novel NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 88 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 89 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 90 2019-nCoV 2019-ncov CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 349 91 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 1 Viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 2 metagenomics metagenomic NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 3 revealed reveal VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 4 sendai sendai NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 5 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 6 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 7 corona corona NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 8 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 9 infection infection NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 10 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 11 Malayan malayan JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 12 Pangolins Pangolins NNPS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 13 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 14 Malaya Malaya NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 15 javanica javanica NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 16 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 17 Hydroxychloroquine Hydroxychloroquine NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 18 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 19 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 20 less less RBR cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 21 toxic toxic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 22 derivative derivative NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 23 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 24 chloroquine chloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 25 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 26 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 27 effective effective JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 28 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 29 inhibiting inhibit VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 30 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 31 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 32 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 33 infection infection NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 34 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 350 35 vitro vitro FW cord-026340-2nf97zvc 351 1 Chloroquine Chloroquine NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 351 2 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 351 3 autophagic autophagic NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 351 4 flux flux NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 351 5 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 351 6 decreasing decrease VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 351 7 autophagosome autophagosome JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 351 8 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 351 9 lysosome lysosome NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 351 10 fusion fusion NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 351 11 Efficacy Efficacy NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 351 12 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 351 13 chloroquine chloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 351 14 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 351 15 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 351 16 treatment treatment NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 351 17 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 351 18 uncomplicated uncomplicated JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 351 19 Plasmodium Plasmodium NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 351 20 falciparum falciparum NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 351 21 malaria malaria NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 351 22 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 351 23 Honduras Honduras NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 351 24 Welfare Welfare NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 351 25 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 351 26 Sport Sport NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 351 27 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 351 28 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 351 29 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 352 1 National National NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 352 2 Institute Institute NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 352 3 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 352 4 Public Public NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 352 5 Health Health NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 352 6 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 352 7 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 352 8 Environment Environment NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 352 9 Molecular Molecular NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 352 10 virology virology NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 1 Various various JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 2 botanical botanical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 3 sources source NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 4 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 5 betulinic betulinic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 6 acid acid NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 7 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 8 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 9 review review NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 10 Antiviral antiviral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 11 activity activity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 12 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 13 betulin betulin NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 14 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 15 betulinic betulinic NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 16 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 17 betulonic betulonic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 18 acids acid NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 19 against against IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 20 some some DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 21 enveloped envelop VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 22 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 23 non non JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 24 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 25 enveloped enveloped JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 26 viruses virus NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 27 Compliance compliance NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 28 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 29 tolerability tolerability NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 30 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 31 mefloquine mefloquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 32 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 33 chloroquine chloroquine NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 34 plus plus CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 35 proguanil proguanil NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 36 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 37 longterm longterm JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 38 malaria malaria NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 39 chemoprophylaxis chemoprophylaxis NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 40 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 41 groups group NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 42 at at IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 43 particular particular JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 44 risk risk NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 45 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 46 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 47 military military NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 48 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 49 Coalition coalition NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 50 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 51 advocacy advocacy NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 52 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 53 prospective prospective JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 54 clinical clinical JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 55 trials trial NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 56 to to TO cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 57 test test VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 58 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 59 post post NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 60 exposure exposure NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 61 potential potential NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 62 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 63 hydroxychloroquine hydroxychloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 64 against against IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 65 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 66 Drug Drug NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 67 targets target NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 68 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 69 corona corona NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 70 virus virus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 71 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 72 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 73 systematic systematic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 353 74 review review NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 1 PPT1 PPT1 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 2 promotes promote VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 3 tumor tumor NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 4 growth growth NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 5 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 6 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 7 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 8 molecular molecular JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 9 target target NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 10 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 11 chloroquine chloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 12 derivatives derivative NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 13 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 14 cancer cancer NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 15 Inhibition inhibition NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 16 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 17 betulinic betulinic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 18 acid acid NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 19 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 20 growth growth NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 21 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 22 angiogenesis angiogenesis NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 23 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 24 human human JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 25 colorectal colorectal JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 26 cancer cancer NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 27 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 28 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 29 nude nude JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 30 mice mouse NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 31 Effects effect NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 32 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 33 chloroquine chloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 34 on on IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 35 viral viral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 36 infections infection NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 37 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 38 an an DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 39 old old JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 40 drug drug NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 41 against against IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 42 today today NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 43 's 's POS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 44 diseases disease NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 354 45 ? ? . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 1 Coronavirus Coronavirus NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 2 envelope envelope NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 3 protein protein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 4 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 5 current current JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 6 knowledge knowledge NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 7 Mechanisms Mechanisms NNPS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 8 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 9 action action NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 10 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 11 hydroxychloroquine hydroxychloroquine NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 12 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 13 chloroquine chloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 14 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 15 implications implication NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 16 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 17 rheumatology rheumatology NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 18 A a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 19 systematic systematic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 20 review review NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 21 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 22 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 23 prophylactic prophylactic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 24 role role NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 25 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 26 chloroquine chloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 27 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 28 hydroxychloroquine hydroxychloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 29 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 30 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 31 disease-19 disease-19 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 355 32 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 1 COVID-19 covid-19 LS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 2 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 3 Chloroquine Chloroquine NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 4 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 5 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 6 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 7 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 8 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 9 implications implication NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 10 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 11 its -PRON- PRP$ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 12 unique unique JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 13 pharmacokinetic pharmacokinetic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 14 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 15 safety safety NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 16 properties property NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 17 Into into IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 18 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 19 eye eye NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 20 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 21 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 22 cytokine cytokine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 23 storm storm NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 24 Toll Toll NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 25 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 26 like like JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 27 receptor receptor NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 28 3 3 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 29 signaling signal VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 30 via via IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 31 TRIF TRIF NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 32 contributes contribute VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 33 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 34 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 35 protective protective JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 36 innate innate JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 37 immune immune JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 38 response response NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 356 39 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 357 1 severe severe JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 357 2 acute acute JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 357 3 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 357 4 syndrome syndrome NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 357 5 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 357 6 infection infection NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 357 7 Betulinic Betulinic NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 357 8 acid acid NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 357 9 inhibits inhibit VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 357 10 endotoxin endotoxin NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 357 11 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 357 12 stimulated stimulate VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 357 13 phosphorylation phosphorylation NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 357 14 cascade cascade NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 357 15 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 357 16 pro pro JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 357 17 - - JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 357 18 inflammatory inflammatory JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 357 19 prostaglandin prostaglandin NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 357 20 E(2 E(2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 357 21 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 357 22 production production NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 357 23 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 357 24 human human JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 357 25 peripheral peripheral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 357 26 blood blood NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 357 27 mononuclear mononuclear NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 357 28 cells cell NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 1 Chloroquine Chloroquine NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 2 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 3 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 4 potent potent JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 5 inhibitor inhibitor NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 6 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 7 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 8 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 9 infection infection NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 10 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 11 spread spread VBD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 12 David David NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 13 Veesler Veesler NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 14 D D NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 15 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 16 2020 2020 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 17 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 18 Structure structure NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 19 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 20 function function NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 21 , , , cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 22 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 23 antigenicity antigenicity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 24 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 25 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 26 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 27 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 28 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 29 spike spike NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 30 glycoprotein glycoprotein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 31 Increasing increase VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 32 host host NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 33 cellular cellular JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 34 receptor receptor NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 35 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 36 angiotensin angiotensin NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 37 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 38 converting convert VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 39 enzyme enzyme NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 40 2 2 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 41 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 42 ACE2 ACE2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 44 expression expression NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 45 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 46 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 47 may may MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 48 facilitate facilitate VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 49 2019-nCoV 2019-ncov CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 358 50 infection infection NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 1 The the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 2 pathogenesis pathogenesis NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 3 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 4 treatment treatment NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 5 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 6 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 7 cytokine cytokine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 8 storn storn NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 9 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 10 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 11 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 12 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 13 entry entry NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 14 into into IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 15 host host NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 16 cells cell NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 17 through through IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 18 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 19 novel novel JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 20 clathrin clathrin NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 21 - - : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 22 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 23 caveolae caveolae JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 24 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 25 independent independent JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 26 endocytic endocytic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 27 pathway pathway NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 28 Update update NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 29 95-SARS 95-sars CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 30 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 31 chronology chronology NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 32 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 33 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 34 serial serial JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 35 killer killer NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 36 Landscape landscape NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 37 analysis analysis NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 38 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 39 therapeutics therapeutic NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 40 as as IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 41 21st 21st JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 42 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 43 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 44 Pandemic Pandemic NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 359 45 . . . cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 1 Report report NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 2 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 3 a a DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 4 WHO WHO NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 5 scientific scientific JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 6 group group NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 7 pH ph NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 8 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 9 dependent dependent JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 10 entry entry NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 11 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 12 severe severe JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 13 acute acute JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 14 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 15 syndrome syndrome NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 16 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 17 is be VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 18 mediated mediate VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 19 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 20 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 21 spike spike NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 22 glycoprotein glycoprotein NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 23 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 24 enhanced enhance VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 25 by by IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 26 dendritic dendritic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 27 cell cell NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 28 transfer transfer NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 29 through through IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 30 DC DC NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 31 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 360 32 SIGN SIGN NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 361 1 In in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 361 2 vitro vitro FW cord-026340-2nf97zvc 361 3 antiviral antiviral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 361 4 activity activity NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 361 5 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 361 6 projection projection NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 361 7 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 361 8 optimized optimize VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 361 9 dosing dosing NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 361 10 design design NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 361 11 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 361 12 hydroxychloroquine hydroxychloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 361 13 for for IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 361 14 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 361 15 treatment treatment NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 361 16 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 361 17 severe severe JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 361 18 acute acute JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 361 19 respiratory respiratory JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 361 20 syndrome syndrome NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 361 21 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 361 22 2 2 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 362 1 ( ( -LRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 362 2 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 362 3 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 362 4 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 362 5 ) ) -RRB- cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 1 Use Use NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 2 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 3 hydroxychloroquine hydroxychloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 4 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 5 chloroquine chloroquine NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 6 during during IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 7 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 8 COVID-19 COVID-19 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 9 pandemic pandemic NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 10 : : : cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 11 what what WP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 12 every every DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 13 clinician clinician NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 14 should should MD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 15 know know VB cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 16 Probable probable JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 17 pangolin pangolin NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 18 origin origin NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 19 of of IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 20 SARS SARS NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 21 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 22 CoV-2 CoV-2 NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 23 associated associate VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 24 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 25 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 26 COVID-19 covid-19 JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 27 outbreak outbreak NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 28 Protecting protect VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 29 Chinese chinese JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 30 healthcare healthcare NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 31 workers worker NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 32 while while IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 33 combating combat VBG cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 34 the the DT cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 35 2019 2019 CD cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 36 novel novel NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 37 coronavirus coronavirus NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 38 Coronaviruses Coronaviruses NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 39 - - HYPH cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 40 drug drug NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 41 discovery discovery NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 42 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 43 therapeutic therapeutic JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 363 44 options option NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 364 1 Publisher publisher NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 364 2 's 's POS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 364 3 Note Note NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 364 4 Springer Springer NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 364 5 Nature Nature NNP cord-026340-2nf97zvc 364 6 remains remain VBZ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 364 7 neutral neutral JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 364 8 with with IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 364 9 regard regard NN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 364 10 to to IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 364 11 jurisdictional jurisdictional JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 364 12 claims claim NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 364 13 in in IN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 364 14 published publish VBN cord-026340-2nf97zvc 364 15 maps map NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 364 16 and and CC cord-026340-2nf97zvc 364 17 institutional institutional JJ cord-026340-2nf97zvc 364 18 affiliations affiliation NNS cord-026340-2nf97zvc 364 19 . . .